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Zhang X, Zhang X, Yang H, Cheng X, Zhu YG, Ma J, Cui D, Zhang Z. Spatial and temporal changes of air quality in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2022 and model prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135408. [PMID: 39096641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the spatial and temporal dynamics of air quality in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2022. The Air Quality Index (AQI) showed a seasonal pattern, with higher values in winter due to temperature inversions and heating emissions, and lower values in summer aided by favorable dispersion conditions. The AQI improved significantly, decreasing by approximately 39.4 % from 6.44 to 3.90. Coastal cities exhibited better air quality than inland areas, influenced by industrial activities and geographical features. For instance, Zibo's geography restricts pollutant dispersion, resulting in poor air quality. CO levels remained stable, while O3 increased seasonally due to photochemical reactions in summer, with correlation coefficients indicating a strong positive correlation with temperature (r = 0.65). Winter saw elevated NO2 levels linked to heating and vehicular emissions, with an observed increase in correlation with AQI (r = 0.78). PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were higher in colder months due to heating and atmospheric dust, showing a significant decrease of 45 % and 40 %, respectively, over the study period. Predictive modeling forecasts continued air quality improvements, contingent on sustained policy enforcement and technological advancements. This approach provides a comprehensive framework for future air quality management and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China.
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yong Guan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dayong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Mirzaei A, Kim JY, Kim HW, Kim SS. Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:2395-2413. [PMID: 39101684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusGas sensors are used in various applications to sense toxic gases, mainly for enhanced safety. Resistive sensors are particularly popular owing to their ability to detect trace amounts of gases, high stability, fast response times, and affordability. Semiconducting metal oxides are commonly employed in the fabrication of resistive gas sensors. However, these sensors often require high working temperatures, bringing about increased energy consumption and reduced selectivity. Furthermore, they do not have enough flexibility, and their performance is significantly decreased under bending, stretching, or twisting. To address these challenges, alternative materials capable of operating at lower temperatures with high flexibility are needed. Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MXenes and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer high surface area and conductivity owing to their unique 2D structure, making them promising candidates for realization of resistive gas sensors. Nevertheless, their sensing performance in pristine form is typically weak and unacceptable, particularly in terms of response, selectivity, and recovery time (trec). To overcome these drawbacks, several strategies can be employed to enhance their sensing properties. Noble-metal decoration such as (Au, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ag) is a highly promising method, in which the catalytic effects of noble metals as well as formation of potential barriers with MXenes or TMDs eventually contribute to boosted response. Additionally, bimetallic noble metals such as Pt-Pd and Au/Pd with their synergistic properties can further improve sensor performance. Ion implantation is another feasible approach, involving doping of sensing materials with the desired concentration of dopants through control over the energy and dosage of the irradiation ions as well as creation of structural defects such as oxygen vacancies through high-energy ion-beam irradiation, contributing to enhanced sensing capabilities. The formation of core-shell structures is also effective, creating numerous interfaces between core and shell materials that optimize the sensing characteristics. However, the shell thickness needs to be carefully optimized to achieve the best sensing output. To reduce energy consumption, sensors can operate in a self-heating condition where an external voltage is applied to the electrodes, significantly lowering the power requirements. This enables sensors to function in energy-constrained environments, such as remote or low-energy areas. An important advantage of 2D MXenes and TMDs is their high mechanical flexibility. Unlike semiconducting metal oxides that lack mechanical flexibility, MXenes and TMDs can maintain their sensing performance even when integrated onto flexible substrates and subjected to bending, tilting, or stretching. This flexibility makes them ideal for fabricating flexible and portable gas sensors that rigid sensors cannot achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 715557-13876, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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Akyuz E, Cingiroglu F, Kaynak B, Unal A. A bottom-up agricultural emissions inventory and its analysis via CMAQ and IASI-NH 3. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175355. [PMID: 39122047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The global increase in population has led to higher emissions from livestock and synthetic fertilizers. This study investigates the impact of agricultural ammonia emissions on NH3 concentrations and provides insights into PM2.5 levels and their components in agriculturally intensified areas. We developed a bottom-up emission inventory focused on fertilizer application over croplands and livestock, instead of relying on the EMEP database. This approach utilized an improved spatial and temporal distribution of these emissions. We compared annual total NH3 emissions from livestock and fertilizer, estimated at 598.5 kt and 187.2 kt in the EMEP inventory (Base case), and 245.2 kt and 536 kt in the bottom-up inventory (Scenario case). Using the CMAQ modelling framework, we estimated atmospheric concentrations for both cases and evaluated the model results by comparing them with IASI-NH3 satellite retrievals. This comparison revealed significant differences in column concentrations between the Base and Scenario cases, with the Scenario case showing substantial improvement. Over a period of seven months, which contributed 80 % of the annual agricultural emissions for the Scenario case, the domain averages of NH3 were 3.02 × 1015, 4.15 × 1015, and 4.17 × 1015 molecules/cm2 for the Base and Scenario cases and IASI-NH3, respectively. The Scenario case closely matched IASI measurements, indicating a more accurate representation of NH3 emissions and concentrations. This enhanced reliability underscores the effectiveness of the bottom-up inventory approach. Additionally, using the CMAQ model, we found that in the IASI hotspots, the averages were 1.67 μg/m3 for sulfate, 0.57 μg/m3 for nitrate, and 0.62 μg/m3 for ammonium, with a total PM2.5 mean of 10.45 μg/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Akyuz
- Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fulya Cingiroglu
- Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcak Kaynak
- School of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Unal
- Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
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4
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Owusu-Twum MY, Kelleghan D, Gleasure G, Connolly S, Forrestal P, Lanigan GJ, Richards KG, Krol DJ. Mitigation of ammonia and methane emissions with manure amendments during storage of cattle slurry. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2024:734242X241265007. [PMID: 39069727 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x241265007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed at assessing the efficacy of manure amendments in abating ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) emissions during storage. Two experiments were carried out. Experiment 1 was conducted using 20 L of slurry for 98 days. Treatments were: aluminium sulphate (alum), lactogypsum, zeolite, actiglene, ammonium thiosulphate, biochar, dairy processing waste, Digest-IT and control (without amendment). Experiment 2 was conducted using 660 L of slurry in underground storage tanks for 77 days. Treatments were: sulphuric acid, gypsum, biochar and control (without amendment). NH3 measurements for experiment 1 and experiment 2 were conducted using the photoacoustic gas monitor and dynamic chamber techniques, respectively. CH4 was measured using the static chamber technique in both experiments. The effect of amendments on slurry composition was determined at the end of the experiments. Experiment 1 showed a significant reduction in NH3 emissions in the alum (82%), lactogypsum (46%) and zeolite (32%) treatments relative to the control (100.3% total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN)). CH4 was reduced significantly in the alum (87%), ammonium thiosulphate (64%) and lactogypsum (67%) relative to the control (291.9 g m-2). Experiment 2 showed a significant reduction (32%) in NH3 emissions in the sulphuric acid relative to the control (4.4% TAN). CH4 was reduced significantly in the sulphuric acid (46%), gypsum (39%) and biochar (15%) treatments relative to the control (291.9 g m-2). In general, amendments altered slurry composition such as dry matter, volatile solids, carbon and nitrogen contents at the end of storage. Lactogypsum, alum and sulphuric acid were effective in abating both NH3 and CH4 emissions and can contribute to improving air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Y Owusu-Twum
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - David Kelleghan
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - George Gleasure
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Shaun Connolly
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Patrick Forrestal
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Gary J Lanigan
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Karl G Richards
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Dominika J Krol
- Environment, Soils and Land Use Department, Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Castle Meadows, Fortyacres, Johnstown Castle, Co., Wexford, Ireland
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Krivačić S, Boček Ž, Zubak M, Kojić V, Kassal P. Flexible ammonium ion-selective electrode based on inkjet-printed graphene solid contact. Talanta 2024; 279:126614. [PMID: 39094532 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturization and mass-production of potentiometric sensor systems is paving the way towards distributed environmental sensing, on-body measurements and industrial process monitoring. Inkjet printing is gaining popularity as a highly adaptable and scalable production technique. Presented here is a scalable and low-cost route for flexible solid-contact ammonium ion-selective electrode fabrication by inkjet printing. Utilization of inkjet-printed melamine-intercalated graphene nanosheets as the solid-contact material significantly improved charge transport, while evading the detrimental water-layer formation. External polarization was investigated as a means of improving the inter-electrode reproducibility: the standard deviations of E0 values were reduced after electrode polarization, the linear region of the response was extended to the range 10-1-10-6 M of NH4Cl and LODs reduced to 0.88 ± 0.17 μM. Finally, we have shown that the electrodes are adequate for measurements in a complex real sample: ammonium concentration was determined in landfill leachate water, with less than 4 % deviation from the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Krivačić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Boček
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Zubak
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Kojić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia; HIS d.o.o., Donja Višnjica 61D, 42255, Donja Višnjica, Croatia
| | - Petar Kassal
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Shi M, Wada H. Optimized Ammonia-Sensing Electrode with CeO 2/rGO Nano-Composite Coating Synthesized by Focused Laser Ablation in Liquid. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1238. [PMID: 39120343 PMCID: PMC11314089 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the synthesis of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and composites with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for the enhanced electrochemical sensing of ammonia. CeO2 NPs were prepared by the focused laser ablation in liquid (LAL) method, which enabled the production of high-purity, spherical nanoparticles with a uniform dispersion and sizes under 50 nm in a short time. The effects of varying irradiation fluence and time on the nanoparticle size, production yield, and dispersion were systematically studied. The synthesized CeO2 NPs were doped with rGO to form CeO2/rGO composites, which were drop casted to modify the glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). The CeO2/rGO-GCE electrodes exhibited superior electrochemical properties compared with single-component electrodes, which demonstrated the significant potential for ammonia detection, especially at a 4 J/cm2 fluence. The CeO2/rGO composites showed uniformly dispersed CeO2 NPs between the rGO sheets, which enhanced the conductivity, as confirmed by SEM, EDS mapping, and XRD analysis. Cyclic voltammetry data demonstrated superior electrochemical activity of the CeO2/rGO composite electrodes, with the 2rGO/1CeO2 ratio showing the highest current response and sensitivity. The CV response to varying ammonia concentrations exhibited a linear relationship, indicating the electrode's capability for accurate quantification. These findings highlight the effectiveness of focused laser ablation in enhancing nanoparticle synthesis and the promising synergistic effects of CeO2 and rGO in developing high-performance electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Wada
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Japan;
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Agache I, Annesi-Maesano I, Cecchi L, Biagioni B, Chung KF, Clot B, D'Amato G, Damialis A, Del Giacco S, Dominguez-Ortega J, Galàn C, Gilles S, Holgate S, Jeebhay M, Kazadzis S, Nadeau K, Papadopoulos N, Quirce S, Sastre J, Tummon F, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Walusiak-Skorupa J, Jutel M, Akdis CA. EAACI guidelines on environmental science for allergy and asthma: The impact of short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants on asthma-related outcomes and recommendations for mitigation measures. Allergy 2024; 79:1656-1686. [PMID: 38563695 DOI: 10.1111/all.16103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The EAACI Guidelines on the impact of short-term exposure to outdoor pollutants on asthma-related outcomes provide recommendations for prevention, patient care and mitigation in a framework supporting rational decisions for healthcare professionals and patients to individualize and improve asthma management and for policymakers and regulators as an evidence-informed reference to help setting legally binding standards and goals for outdoor air quality at international, national and local levels. The Guideline was developed using the GRADE approach and evaluated outdoor pollutants referenced in the current Air Quality Guideline of the World Health Organization as single or mixed pollutants and outdoor pesticides. Short-term exposure to all pollutants evaluated increases the risk of asthma-related adverse outcomes, especially hospital admissions and emergency department visits (moderate certainty of evidence at specific lag days). There is limited evidence for the impact of traffic-related air pollution and outdoor pesticides exposure as well as for the interventions to reduce emissions. Due to the quality of evidence, conditional recommendations were formulated for all pollutants and for the interventions reducing outdoor air pollution. Asthma management counselled by the current EAACI guidelines can improve asthma-related outcomes but global measures for clean air are needed to achieve significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, Brasov, Romania
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Institute Desbrest of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Montpellier and INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Centre of Bioclimatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Biagioni
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Hearth & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bernard Clot
- Federal office of meteorology and climatology MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro D'Amato
- Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II Medical School of Respiratory Diseases, Naples, Italy
| | - Athanasios Damialis
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefano Del Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Javier Dominguez-Ortega
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Galàn
- Inter-University Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA), International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Stefanie Gilles
- Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Stephen Holgate
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mohamed Jeebhay
- Occupational Medicine Division and Centre for Environmental & Occupational Health Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stelios Kazadzis
- Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- John Rock Professor of Climate and Population Studies, Department of Environmental Health, Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Second Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Sastre
- Allergy Service, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and CIBERES, Instituto Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fiona Tummon
- Respiratory Disease Department, Hospital Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
- University of Naples Federico II Medical School of Respiratory Diseases, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Center Munich-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Augsburg, Germany
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jolanta Walusiak-Skorupa
- Department of Occupational Diseases and Environmental Health, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University, and ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Haider KM, Focsa C, Decuq C, Esnault B, Lafouge F, Loubet B, Petitprez D, Ciuraru R. Chemical characterization of volatile organic compounds emitted by animal manure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 364:121453. [PMID: 38875988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Animal manure is considered a valuable organic fertilizer due to its important nutrient content enhancing soil fertility and plant growth in agriculture. Besides its beneficial role as fertilizer, animal manure represents a significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), playing a significant role in atmospheric chemistry. Understanding the composition of VOCs Understanding VOCs from animal manure is crucial for assessing their environmental impact, as they can cause air pollution, odors, and harm to human health and ecosystems. Laboratory studies enhance field measurements by providing a precise inventory of manure emissions, addressing gaps in existing literature. Both approaches complement each other in advancing our understanding of manure emissions. In this context, we conducted an experimental study involving various animal manures (cow, horse, sheep, and goat) taken from a farm in Grignon (near Paris, France). We employed atmospheric simulation chambers within a controlled laboratory environment. The analysis of VOCs involved the combination of Proton Transfer Reaction-Quadrupole ion guide-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-QiTOF-MS) and Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Using PTR-QiTOF-MS, 368 compounds were detected and quantified within the manure samples. The complementary analysis by TD-GC-MS enhanced our identification of VOCs. Our findings revealed various chemical groups of VOCs, including oxygenated compounds (e.g., ethanol, cresol, acetaldehyde, etc.), nitrogenated compounds (ammonia, trimethylamine, etc.), sulfur compounds (methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, etc.), aromatic compounds (phenols and indoles), terpenes (isoprene, D-limonene, etc.) and halogenated compounds. Cow manure exhibited the highest VOC emission fluxes, followed by goat, sheep, and horse manures. Notably, oxygenated VOCs were dominant contributors to total VOC emission fluxes in all samples. Statistical analysis highlighted the distinct nature of cow manure emissions, characterized by oxygenated compounds and nitrogenated compounds. In addition, goat manure was isolated from the other samples with high emissions of compounds having both oxygen and nitrogen atoms in their molecular formulas (e.g., CH3NO2). The experimental dataset obtained in this study provides an inventory reference for both VOCs and their emission fluxes in animal manures. Furthermore, it highlights odorant compounds and VOCs that serve as atmospheric aerosol precursor. Future studies can explore the effectiveness of various manure treatment methods to promote sustainable agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Haider
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, Lille, F-59000, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
| | - C Focsa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - C Decuq
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - B Esnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - F Lafouge
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - B Loubet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - D Petitprez
- Univ.Lille, CNRS, UMR 8522 - PC2A - PhysicoChimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - R Ciuraru
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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9
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Jiang HY, Wang ZM, Sun XQ, Zeng SJ, Guo YY, Bai L, Yao MS, Zhang XP. Advanced Materials for NH 3 Capture: Interaction Sites and Transport Pathways. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:228. [PMID: 38935160 PMCID: PMC11211316 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich chemical related to global food safety, clean energy, and environmental protection. As an essential technology for meeting the requirements raised by such issues, NH3 capture has been intensively explored by researchers in both fundamental and applied fields. The four typical methods used are (1) solvent absorption by ionic liquids and their derivatives, (2) adsorption by porous solids, (3) ab-adsorption by porous liquids, and (4) membrane separation. Rooted in the development of advanced materials for NH3 capture, we conducted a coherent review of the design of different materials, mainly in the past 5 years, their interactions with NH3 molecules and construction of transport pathways, as well as the structure-property relationship, with specific examples discussed. Finally, the challenges in current research and future worthwhile directions for NH3 capture materials are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zao-Ming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, YoshidaKyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Xue-Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Juan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming-Shui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Tran HT, Binh QA, Van Tung T, Pham DT, Hoang HG, Hai Nguyen NS, Xie S, Zhang T, Mukherjee S, Bolan NS. A critical review on characterization, human health risk assessment and mitigation of malodorous gaseous emission during the composting process. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124115. [PMID: 38718963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Composting has emerged as a suitable method to convert or transform organic waste including manure, green waste, and food waste into valuable products with several advantages, such as high efficiency, cost feasibility, and being environmentally friendly. However, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly malodorous gases, are the major concern and challenges to overcome in facilitating composting. Ammonia (NH3) and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and methyl mercaptan (CH4S), primarily contributed to the malodorous gases emission during the entire composting process due to their low olfactory threshold. These compounds are mainly emitted at the thermophilic phase, accounting for over 70% of total gas emissions during the whole process, whereas methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are commonly detected during the mesophilic and cooling phases. Therefore, the human health risk assessment of malodorous gases using various indexes such as ECi (maximum exposure concentration for an individual volatile compound EC), HR (non-carcinogenic risk), and CR (carcinogenic risk) has been evaluated and discussed. Also, several strategies such as maintaining optimal operating conditions, and adding bulking agents and additives (e.g., biochar and zeolite) to reduce malodorous emissions have been pointed out and highlighted. Biochar has specific adsorption properties such as high surface area and high porosity and contains various functional groups that can adsorb up to 60%-70% of malodorous gases emitted from composting. Notably, biofiltration emerged as a resilient and cost-effective technique, achieving up to 90% reduction in malodorous gases at the end-of-pipe. This study offers a comprehensive insight into the characterization of malodorous emissions during composting. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to address these issues on a larger scale and provides a promising outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu-Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Quach An Binh
- Advanced Applied Sciences Research Group, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam
| | - Tra Van Tung
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Duy Toan Pham
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Viet Nam
| | - Hong-Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Technology, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa City, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Son Hai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Thai Nguyen, 23000, Viet Nam
| | - Shiyu Xie
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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11
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Driscoll C, Milford JB, Henze DK, Bell MD. Atmospheric reduced nitrogen: Sources, transformations, effects, and management. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2024; 74:362-415. [PMID: 38819428 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2024.2342765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Human activities have increased atmospheric emissions and deposition of oxidized and reduced forms of nitrogen, but emission control programs have largely focused on oxidized nitrogen. As a result, in many regions of the world emissions of oxidized nitrogen are decreasing while emissions of reduced nitrogen are increasing. Emissions of reduced nitrogen largely originate from livestock waste and fertilizer application, with contributions from transportation sources in urban areas. Observations suggest a discrepancy between trends in emissions and deposition of reduced nitrogen in the U.S., likely due to an underestimate in emissions. In the atmosphere, ammonia reacts with oxides of sulfur and nitrogen to form fine particulate matter that impairs health and visibility and affects climate forcings. Recent reductions in emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides have limited partitioning with ammonia, decreasing long-range transport. Continuing research is needed to improve understanding of how shifting emissions alter formation of secondary particulates and patterns of transport and deposition of reactive nitrogen. Satellite remote sensing has potential for monitoring atmospheric concentrations and emissions of ammonia, but there remains a need to maintain and strengthen ground-based measurements and continue development of chemical transport models. Elevated nitrogen deposition has decreased plant and soil microbial biodiversity and altered the biogeochemical function of terrestrial, freshwater, and coastal ecosystems. Further study is needed on differential effects of oxidized versus reduced nitrogen and pathways and timescales of ecosystem recovery from elevated nitrogen deposition. Decreases in deposition of reduced nitrogen could alleviate exceedances of critical loads for terrestrial and freshwater indicators in many U.S. areas. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency should consider using critical loads as a basis for setting standards to protect public welfare and ecosystems. The U.S. and other countries might look to European experience for approaches to control emissions of reduced nitrogen from agricultural and transportation sectors.Implications: In this Critical Review we synthesize research on effects, air emissions, environmental transformations, and management of reduced forms of nitrogen. Emissions of reduced nitrogen affect human health, the structure and function of ecosystems, and climatic forcings. While emissions of oxidized forms of nitrogen are regulated in the U.S., controls on reduced forms are largely absent. Decreases in emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides coupled with increases in ammonia are shifting the gas-particle partitioning of ammonia and decreasing long-range atmospheric transport of reduced nitrogen. Effort is needed to understand, monitor, and manage emissions of reduced nitrogen in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Driscoll
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jana B Milford
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Daven K Henze
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michael D Bell
- Ecologist, National Park Service - Air Resources Division, Boulder, CO, USA
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12
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Mirzaei A, Alizadeh M, Ansari HR, Moayedi M, Kordrostami Z, Safaeian H, Lee MH, Kim TU, Kim JY, Kim HW, Kim SS. Resistive gas sensors for the detection of NH 3gas based on 2D WS 2, WSe 2, MoS 2, and MoSe 2: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:332002. [PMID: 38744265 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4b22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a two-dimensional (2D) structure and semiconducting features are highly favorable for the production of NH3gas sensors. Among the TMD family, WS2, WSe2, MoS2, and MoSe2exhibit high conductivity and a high surface area, along with high availability, reasons for which they are favored in gas-sensing studies. In this review, we have discussed the structure, synthesis, and NH3sensing characteristics of pristine, decorated, doped, and composite-based WS2, WSe2, MoS2, and MoSe2gas sensors. Both experimental and theoretical studies are considered. Furthermore, both room temperature and higher temperature gas sensors are discussed. We also emphasized the gas-sensing mechanism. Thus, this review provides a reference for researchers working in the field of 2D TMD gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ansari
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moayedi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Zoheir Kordrostami
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Safaeian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Myoung Hoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Un Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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13
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Mezzetti M, Passamonti MM, Dall’Asta M, Bertoni G, Trevisi E, Ajmone Marsan P. Emerging Parameters Justifying a Revised Quality Concept for Cow Milk. Foods 2024; 13:1650. [PMID: 38890886 PMCID: PMC11171858 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk has become a staple food product globally. Traditionally, milk quality assessment has been primarily focused on hygiene and composition to ensure its safety for consumption and processing. However, in recent years, the concept of milk quality has expanded to encompass a broader range of factors. Consumers now also consider animal welfare, environmental impact, and the presence of additional beneficial components in milk when assessing its quality. This shifting consumer demand has led to increased attention on the overall production and sourcing practices of milk. Reflecting on this trend, this review critically explores such novel quality parameters, offering insights into how such practices meet the modern consumer's holistic expectations. The multifaceted aspects of milk quality are examined, revealing the intertwined relationship between milk safety, compositional integrity, and the additional health benefits provided by milk's bioactive properties. By embracing sustainable farming practices, dairy farmers and processors are encouraged not only to fulfill but to anticipate consumer standards for premium milk quality. This comprehensive approach to milk quality underscores the necessity of adapting dairy production to address the evolving nutritional landscape and consumption patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Matilde Maria Passamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Margherita Dall’Asta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Bertoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
- Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (CREI), 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Ajmone Marsan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
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14
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Quoie Jr GDS, Jiao M, Lászlód K, Wang Y. Progress Made in Non-Metallic-Doped Materials for Electrocatalytic Reduction in Ammonia Production. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2419. [PMID: 38793485 PMCID: PMC11122855 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic production of ammonia has garnered considerable interest as a potentially sustainable technology for ammonia synthesis. Recently, non-metallic-doped materials have emerged as promising electrochemical catalysts for this purpose. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest research on non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production. Researchers have engineered a variety of materials, doped with non-metals such as nitrogen (N), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), into different forms and structures to enhance their electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. A comparison among different non-metallic dopants reveals their distinct effects on the electrocatalytic performance for ammonia production. For instance, N-doping has shown enhanced activity owing to the introduction of nitrogen vacancies (NVs) and improved charge transfer kinetics. B-doping has demonstrated improved selectivity and stability, which is attributed to the formation of active sites and the suppression of competing reactions. P-doping has exhibited increased ammonia generation rates and Faradaic efficiencies, likely due to the modification of the electronic structure and surface properties. S-doping has shown potential for enhancing electrocatalytic performance, although further investigations are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. These comparisons provide valuable insights for researchers to conduct in-depth studies focusing on specific non-metallic dopants, exploring their unique properties, and optimizing their performance for electrocatalytic ammonia production. However, we consider it a priority to provide insight into the recent progress made in non-metal-doped materials and their potential for enabling long-term and efficient electrochemical ammonia production. Additionally, this paper discusses the synthetic procedures used to produce non-metal-doped materials and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each method. It also provides an in-depth analysis of the electrochemical performance of these materials, including their Faradaic efficiencies, ammonia yield rate, and selectivity. It examines the challenges and prospects of developing non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald D. S. Quoie Jr
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingshuo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Krisztina Lászlód
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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15
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Lee YJ, Lin BL, Inoue K. Inorganic PM 2.5 reduction in Kanto, Japan: The role of ammonia and its emission sources control strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123926. [PMID: 38580059 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is attracting attention as a carbon-free energy source and a significant precursor to inorganic PM2.5 (hereafter PM2.5), aside from NOx and SOx. Since the emission of NH3 has often been overlooked compared to NOx and SOx, this study aims to reveal the role of NH3 and its emission control on PM2.5 in Kanto, Japan. With the aid of gas ratio (GR) quantitatively defining the stoichiometry between the three precursors to PM2.5, and the aid of atmospheric modeling software ADMER-PRO, coupled with thermodynamics calculations, the spatiotemporal distribution along with PM2.5 reduction under different NH3 emission cutoff strategies in Kanto had been revealed for the first time. The cutoff of NH3 emission could effectively reduce the PM2.5 concentration, with sources originated from agriculture, human/pet activities, and vehicle sources, overall giving a 93.32% PM2.5 reduction. Different cutoff strategies lead to distinct reduction efficiencies of the overall and local PM2.5 concentrations, with GR as a crucial factor. The regions with GR ∼1, are sensitive to the NH3 concentration for forming PM2.5, at which the NH3 reduction strategies should be applied with high priority. On the other hand, installing a new NH3 emission source should be avoided in the region with GR < 1, suppressing the so-yielded PM2.5 pollution. The future PM2.5 pollution control related to the NH3 emission control strategies based on GR, which is stoichiometry-based and applicable to regions other than Kanto, has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Lee
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Bin-Le Lin
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Inoue
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
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16
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Javdani-Mallak A, Salahshoori I. Environmental pollutants and exosomes: A new paradigm in environmental health and disease. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171774. [PMID: 38508246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the intricate interplay between environmental pollutants and exosomes, shedding light on a novel paradigm in environmental health and disease. Cellular stress, induced by environmental toxicants or disease, significantly impacts the production and composition of exosomes, crucial mediators of intercellular communication. The heat shock response (HSR) and unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, activated during cellular stress, profoundly influence exosome generation, cargo sorting, and function, shaping intercellular communication and stress responses. Environmental pollutants, particularly lipophilic ones, directly interact with exosome lipid bilayers, potentially affecting membrane stability, release, and cellular uptake. The study reveals that exposure to environmental contaminants induces significant changes in exosomal proteins, miRNAs, and lipids, impacting cellular function and health. Understanding the impact of environmental pollutants on exosomal cargo holds promise for biomarkers of exposure, enabling non-invasive sample collection and real-time insights into ongoing cellular responses. This research explores the potential of exosomal biomarkers for early detection of health effects, assessing treatment efficacy, and population-wide screening. Overcoming challenges requires advanced isolation techniques, standardized protocols, and machine learning for data analysis. Integration with omics technologies enhances comprehensive molecular analysis, offering a holistic understanding of the complex regulatory network influenced by environmental pollutants. The study underscores the capability of exosomes in circulation as promising biomarkers for assessing environmental exposure and systemic health effects, contributing to advancements in environmental health research and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Javdani-Mallak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Salahshoori
- Department of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Chen B, Gu B. Mitigating air pollution benefits multiple sustainable development goals in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123992. [PMID: 38631451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Achieving the United nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remains a significant challenge, necessitating urgent and prioritized strategies. Among the various challenges, air pollution continues to pose one of the most substantial threats to the SDGs due to its widespread adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. However, the connections between air pollution and the SDGs have often been overlooked. This study reveals that out of the 169 SDG targets, 71 are adversely impacted by air pollution, while only 6 show potential positive effects. In China, two major atmospheric nitrogen pollutants, ammonia and nitrogen oxides, resulted in an economic loss of 400 billion United States Dollar (USD) in 2020, which could be reduced by 33% and 34% by 2030, respectively. It would enhance the progress towards SDGs in China by 14%, directly contributing to the achievement of SDGs 1 to 6 and 11 to 15. This improvement is estimated to yield overall benefits totaling 119 billion USD, exceeded the total implementation cost of 82 billion USD with ammonia as the preferential mitigation target. This study underscores the importance of robust scientific evidence in integrated policies aimed at aligning improvements in environmental quality with the priorities of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuanzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Binhui Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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18
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Rahardjo SSP, Shih YJ, Fan CS. Ammonia oxidation by in-situ chloride electrolysis in etching wastewater of semiconductor manufacturing using RuSnO x/Ti electrode: Effect of plating mode and metal ratio. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134042. [PMID: 38521031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The indirect chloride-mediated ammonia oxidation encounters challenges in maintaining the effectiveness of metal oxide anodes when treating wastewaters with complex compositions. This study aims to develop a highly stable anode with RuO2-SnO2 coatings for treating an etching effluent from semiconductor manufacturing, which majorly contains NH3 and organic compounds. The RuSnOx/Ti electrode was synthesized using wet impregnation and calcination processes. The metal oxide configuration on Ti plate substrate was tuned by varying the step-dipping process in RuCl3 and SnCl4 baths. A 10-day continuous-flow electrolysis was conducted for studying the ammonia removal and chlorine yield under variable conditions, including detention, pH, current density, and initial ammonia and chloride concentrations. In the RuSnOx coatings, the configuration comprising RuO2 nanorods as the surface layer and an intermediate layer of SnO2 crystallites (by plating Ru3+ for three times to cover one Sn4+ layer, denoted as the Ru3Sn/Ti electrode) exhibited the best durability for acid washing, along with relatively high Faradaic efficiency and low energy consumption. To further improve the treatability of real wastewater (NH3-N = 634 mg L-1, chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 6700 mg L-1, Cl- = 2000 mg L-1, pH 11), the duel-cell electrolyzers were constructed in series under a current density of 30 mA cm-2 and 45 min detention. Ultimately, removals of NH3 and COD reached 95.8% and 76.3%, respectively, with successful limitation of chloramine formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seto Sugianto Prabowo Rahardjo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Aquaculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Yu-Jen Shih
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Emerging Contaminants Research, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Shiuan Fan
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang X, Wei Y, Fan Z, Chen Y, Cui Z. Life cycle assessment for evaluation of novel solvents and technologies: A case study of flavonoids extraction from Ginkgo biloba leaves. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171319. [PMID: 38423327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Innovative solvents such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and process intensification technologies assisted by ultrasound have been demonstrated to be promising pathways for enhancing solid-liquid extraction. Nevertheless, quantitative and systematic knowledge of their environmental impact is still limited. In this work, a case study of flavonoids extraction from Ginkgo biloba leaves was evaluated by using life cycle assessment (LCA) for comparison of three extraction scenarios. The first used DES as extractant (DESE), and the other two adopted ethanol, including heat reflux extraction (HRE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Among eight key midpoints investigated, all these from UAE were 10.0 %-80.0 % lower than from DESE and HRE except water consumption. The UAE was the eco-friendliest option due to its higher extraction yield, shorter duration and lower solvent consumption. The DESE exhibited the lowest water consumption, the highest freshwater ecotoxicity and human carcinogenic toxicity, while HRE had the highest impacts for the other 6 midpoints. Moreover, solvent production was the key contributor for all the categories. The standardized sensitivity analysis showed that the overall environmental footprint can be further decreased by 15.4 % for DESE pathways via substituting choline chloride/glycerine with choline chloride/ethylene glycol. Furthermore, all pathways using DESs had higher standardized impacts than those employing ethanol from sugarcane or wood. Replacing ethanol from maize with other feedstocks can significantly lessen the overall impacts, among which the UAE using ethanol from sugarcane demonstrated the least environmental impacts. The promotion of DESs as "green and sustainable" alternative to traditional solvents requires careful consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Yuting Wei
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenyan Fan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
| | - Yueyuan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhifang Cui
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China.
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20
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Duniere L, Frayssinet B, Achard C, Chevaux E, Plateau J. Conditioner application improves bedding quality and bacterial composition with potential beneficial impacts for dairy cow's health. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0426323. [PMID: 38376365 PMCID: PMC10994720 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04263-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Recycled manure solids (RMS) is used as bedding material in cow housing but can be at risk for pathogens development. Cows spend several hours per day lying down, contributing to the transfer of potential mastitis pathogens from the bedding to the udder. The effect of a bacterial conditioner (Manure Pro, MP) application was studied on RMS-bedding and milk qualities and on animal health. MP product was applied on bedding once a week for 3 months. Bedding and teat skin samples were collected from Control and MP groups at D01, D51, and D90 and analyzed through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. MP application modified bacterial profiles and diversity. Control bedding was significantly associated with potential mastitis pathogens, while no taxa of potential health risk were significantly detected in MP beddings. Functional prediction identified enrichment of metabolic pathways of agronomic interest in MP beddings. Significant associations with potential mastitis pathogens were mainly observed in Control teat skin samples. Finally, significantly better hygiene and lower Somatic Cell Counts in milk were observed for cows from MP group, while no group impact was observed on milk quality and microbiota. No dissemination of MP strains was observed from bedding to teats or milk. IMPORTANCE The use of Manure Pro (MP) conditioner improved recycled manure solids-bedding quality and this higher sanitary condition had further impacts on dairy cows' health with less potential mastitis pathogens significantly associated with bedding and teat skin samples of animals from MP group. The animals also presented an improved inflammation status, while milk quality was not modified. The use of MP conditioner on bedding may be of interest in controlling the risk of mastitis onset for dairy cows and further associated costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Chevaux
- Lallemand SAS, 19 rue des Briquetiers, Blagnac, France
| | - Julia Plateau
- Lallemand SAS, 19 rue des Briquetiers, Blagnac, France
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21
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Orset C. Air, land, and water pollutants and public health expenditures: Empirical data from selected EU countries in the transport sector. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120534. [PMID: 38531136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The increase in economic activity, particularly in transport, leads to a significant increase in emissions of pollutants, such as ammonia, arsenic and cadmium, at the European Union (EU) level. This can seriously impact human health and, consequently, public health spending. Based on data from 15 European Union countries from 1992 to 2020, a panel co-integration approach is used to study these pollutants' short- and long-term co-movements and per capita health expenditure. The results show a long-term relationship between ammonia, arsenic and cadmium emissions and per capita health spending, as they are panel-cointegrated. Ammonia and cadmium emissions exert a statistically significant positive effect on health expenditure in the short run, and arsenic emissions have a statistically significant positive impact in the long run. The forecast assessment of reductions in health spending resulting from policies to reduce emissions of air, land and water pollutants, such as ammonia, arsenic and cadmium, from the transport sector supports investments in its policies that reduce pressure on health spending. The reduction in annual healthcare expenditure is greater when these reductions are made sooner and more severely. Indeed, varying the reduction in emissions for each pollutant by 10% and 100%, respectively, from the first year for all countries over a 3-year period results in an average annual reduction in health spending of 2.05% and 51.02%, respectively. However, if we wait until the third year, the annual reduction is only 0.77% and 17.63% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Orset
- Paris-Saclay Applied Economics (PSAE), AgroParistech, INRAe, Université Paris-Saclay, and Climate Economics Chair, Campus Agro Paris-Saclay, 22 Place de L'Agronomie, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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22
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Park SH, Choi AR, Kim TH, Lee BR. Zeolite application mitigates NH 3 and N 2O emissions from pig slurry-applied field and improves nitrogen use efficiency in Italian ryegrass-maize crop rotation system for forage production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120775. [PMID: 38569263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the efficiency of zeolite in mitigating the nitrogen (N) losses through ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from pig slurry (PS) applied to Italian ryegrass (IRG)-maize fields under a crop rotation system and the consequent effect on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for forage production. PS was applied at rates of 150 and 200 kg N ha-1 for the IRG and maize growing seasons, respectively, with or without zeolite. Soil mineral N content and NH3 and N2O emissions were measured periodically throughout the year-round cultivation of IRG and maize. Forage yield and nutritional composition were also analyzed at the harvest time of each crop. The PS with/without zeolite application effects were interpreted by comparison with those obtained for the negative control (no-N fertilization). Soil ammonium (NH4+) content in the PS-applied plots sharply increased within the first week, then progressively decreased in both the IRG and maize growing seasons. Soil NH4+ contents in the zeolite-amended plots were higher compared to the treatment without zeolite except for the first 1 or 2 weeks after PS application when soil nitrate (NO3-) contents significantly decreased. The increase in soil NH4+ content as affected by zeolite application was more distinct in the maize growing season than in the IRG growing season. NH3 emission was predominant at the early 2 weeks after PS application. Zeolite application reduced the cumulative emission of NH3 from PS by 16.7% and 24.4% and that of N2O by 15.6% and 31.5% in the IRG growing and maize growing seasons, respectively. NUE for dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) production significantly improved in annual yield basis of the IRG-maize cropping. Zeolite application in PS-applied field may represent effective management in mitigating N losses through odorous NH3 and greenhouse gas (N2O) emissions, thereby improving NUE forage production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
| | - Bok-Rye Lee
- Institute of Environmentally-friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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23
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Nikpour P, Shafiei M, Khatibi V. Gelato: a new hybrid deep learning-based Informer model for multivariate air pollution prediction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29870-29885. [PMID: 38592633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The increase in air pollutants and its adverse effects on human health and the environment has raised significant concerns. This implies the necessity of predicting air pollutant levels. Numerous studies have aimed to provide new models for more accurate prediction of air pollutants such as CO2, O3, and PM2.5. Most of the models used in the literature are deep learning models with Transformers being the best for time series prediction. However, there is still a need to enhance accuracy in air pollution prediction using Transformers. Alongside the need for increased accuracy, there is a significant demand for predicting a broader spectrum of air pollutants. To encounter this challenge, this paper proposes a new hybrid deep learning-based Informer model called "Gelato" for multivariate air pollution prediction. Gelato takes a leap forward by taking several air pollutants into consideration simultaneously. Besides introducing new changes to the Informer structure as the base model, Gelato utilizes Particle Swarm Optimization for hyperparameter optimization. Moreover, XGBoost is used at the final stage to achieve minimal errors. Applying the proposed model on a dataset containing eight important air pollutants, including CO2, O3, NO, NO2, SO2, PM10, NH3, and PM2.5, the Gelato performance is assessed. Comparing the results of Gelato with other models shows Gelato's superiority over them, proving it is a high-confidence model for multivariate air pollution prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Nikpour
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Mahdis Shafiei
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Vahid Khatibi
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
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24
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Riggs DW, Baumgartner KB, Baumgartner R, Boone S, Judd SE, Bhatnagar A. Long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of stroke by ecoregions: The REGARDS study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123367. [PMID: 38280465 PMCID: PMC10996890 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Several cohort studies have found associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and stroke risk. However, it is unclear whether the surrounding ecology may modify these associations. This study evaluates associations of air pollution with stroke risk by ecoregions, which are areas of similar type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. We assessed the incidence of stroke in 26,792 participants (45+ yrs) from the REGARDS study, a prospective cohort recruited across the contiguous United States. One-yr and 3-yr means of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO were estimated at baseline using data from the Center for Air, Climate, & Energy Solution, and assigned to participants at the census block group level. Incident stroke was ascertained through September 30, 2020. Relations of air pollutants with the risk of incident stroke were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for relevant demographics, behavioral risk factors, and neighborhood urbanicity. Models were stratified by EPA designated ecoregions. A 5.4 μg/m3 (interquartile range) increase in 1-yr PM10 was associated with a hazard ratio (95 %CI) for incident stroke of 1.07 (1.003, 1.15) in the overall study population. We did not find evidence of positive associations for PM2.5, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO in the fully adjusted models. In our ecoregion-specific analysis, associations of PM2.5 with stroke were stronger in the Great Plains ecoregion (HR = 1.44) than other ecoregions, while associations for PM10 were strongest in the Eastern Temperate Forests region (HR = 1.15). The associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of stroke varied by ecoregion. Our results suggests that the type, quality, and quantity of the surrounding ecology can modify the effects of air pollution on risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
| | - Kathy B Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Richard Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Stephanie Boone
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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25
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Gianquintieri L, Oxoli D, Caiani EG, Brovelli MA. Implementation of a GEOAI model to assess the impact of agricultural land on the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141438. [PMID: 38367880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution is considered one of the major environmental risks to health worldwide. Researchers are making significant efforts to study it, thanks to state-of-art technologies in data collection and processing, and to mitigate its effect. In this context, while a lot is known about the role of urbanization, industries, and transport, the impact of agricultural activities on the spatial distribution of pollution is less studied, despite knowledge about emissions suggest it is not a secondary factor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess this impact, and to compare it with that of traditional polluting sources, harvesting the capabilities of GEOAI (Geomatics and Earth Observation Artificial Intelligence). The analysis targeted the highly polluted territory of Lombardy, Italy, considering fine particulate matter (PM2.5). PM2.5 data were obtained from the Copernicus-Atmosphere-Monitoring-Service and processed to infer time-invariant spatial parameters (frequency, intensity and exposure) of concentration across the whole period. An ensemble architecture was implemented, with three blocks: correlation-based features selection, Multiscale-Geographically-Weighted-Regression for spatial enhancement, and a final random forest classifier. Finally, the SHapley Additive exPlanation algorithm was applied to compute the relevance of the different land-use classes on the model. The impact of land-use classes was found significantly higher compared to other published models, showing that the insignificant correlations found in the literature are probably due to an unfit experimental setup. The impact of agricultural activities on the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration was comparable to the other considered sources, even when focusing only on the most densely inhabited urban areas. In particular, the agriculture's contribution resulted in pollution spikes rather than in a baseline increase. These results allow to state that public policymakers should consider also agricultural activities for evidence-based decision-making about pollution mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gianquintieri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Oxoli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Gianluca Caiani
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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26
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Liu X, Lara R, Dufresne M, Wu L, Zhang X, Wang T, Monge M, Reche C, Di Leo A, Lanzani G, Colombi C, Font A, Sheehan A, Green DC, Makkonen U, Sauvage S, Salameh T, Petit JE, Chatain M, Coe H, Hou S, Harrison R, Hopke PK, Petäjä T, Alastuey A, Querol X. Variability of ambient air ammonia in urban Europe (Finland, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108519. [PMID: 38428189 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This study addressed the scarcity of NH3 measurements in urban Europe and the diverse monitoring protocols, hindering direct data comparison. Sixty-nine datasets from Finland, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK across various site types, including industrial (IND, 8), traffic (TR, 12), urban (UB, 22), suburban (SUB, 12), and regional background (RB, 15), are analyzed to this study. Among these, 26 sites provided 5, or more, years of data for time series analysis. Despite varied protocols, necessitating future harmonization, the average NH3 concentration across sites reached 8.0 ± 8.9 μg/m3. Excluding farming/agricultural hotspots (FAHs), IND and TR sites had the highest concentrations (4.7 ± 3.2 and 4.5 ± 1.0 μg/m3), followed by UB, SUB, and RB sites (3.3 ± 1.5, 2.7 ± 1.3, and 1.0 ± 0.3 μg/m3, respectively) indicating that industrial, traffic, and other urban sources were primary contributors to NH3 outside FAH regions. When referring exclusively to the FAHs, concentrations ranged from 10.0 ± 2.3 to 15.6 ± 17.2 μg/m3, with the highest concentrations being reached in RB sites close to the farming and agricultural sources, and that, on average for FAHs there is a decreasing NH3 concentration gradient towards the city. Time trends showed that over half of the sites (18/26) observed statistically significant trends. Approximately 50 % of UB and TR sites showed a decreasing trend, while 30 % an increasing one. Meta-analysis revealed a small insignificant decreasing trend for non-FAH RB sites. In FAHs, there was a significant upward trend at a rate of 3.51[0.45,6.57]%/yr. Seasonal patterns of NH3 concentrations varied, with urban areas experiencing fluctuations influenced by surrounding emissions, particularly in FAHs. Diel variation showed differing patterns at urban monitoring sites, all with higher daytime concentrations, but with variations in peak times depending on major emission sources and meteorological patterns. These results offer valuable insights into the spatio-temporal patterns of gas-phase NH3 concentrations in urban Europe, contributing to future efforts in benchmarking NH3 pollution control in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiansheng Liu
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain.
| | - Rosa Lara
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Marvin Dufresne
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Lijie Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Marta Monge
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Cristina Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Anna Di Leo
- ARPA Lombardia, via Rosellini 17, Milano 20124, Italy
| | - Guido Lanzani
- ARPA Lombardia, via Rosellini 17, Milano 20124, Italy
| | | | - Anna Font
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Annalisa Sheehan
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - David C Green
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College, London, UK; NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ulla Makkonen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | - Stéphane Sauvage
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Thérèse Salameh
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Jean-Eudes Petit
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA/Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Hugh Coe
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, UK; National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, UK
| | - Siqi Hou
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roy Harrison
- School of Geography Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Environmental Sciences/Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrés Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
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27
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Appleby J. Ageing and disease risk factors: A new paleoepidemiological methodology for understanding disease in the past. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2024; 44:33-45. [PMID: 38134630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To outline a methodology that enables the reconstruction of age-related disease risk in past societies. MATERIALS Modern epidemiological evidence considering risk factors for age-related disease is combined with contextual information about an archaeological society of interest. METHODS Data gathered is used to create a qualitative population-specific risk model for the disease of interest. To provide a case study, a risk model is constructed for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the Eastern English Bronze Age. RESULTS This enables the first rigorous approach to reconstructing age-related disease risk in the past. A risk model shows a high degree of COPD risk in the Eastern English Bronze Age, with a major contribution from indoor airborne pollution and agricultural practices. SIGNIFICANCE This represents a significant new approach in human paleopathology, facilitating understanding of the occurrence of a wide variety of diseases in the past, without the need for well-preserved skeletons of identified elderly individuals. LIMITATIONS The risk models generated are, of necessity, qualitative rather than quantitative, since we are unable to calculate the size of risk factors in the past with certainty. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH The methodology could be applied to a wide variety of diseases and for many past societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Appleby
- School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, England.
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28
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Zailani NIM, Hanis F, Anuar MAM. Assessing the cost efficiency and benefits of sawdust, pinewood, and rubber wood shavings as bedding materials. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 134:105018. [PMID: 38316315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of using sawdust, pinewood shavings, and rubber wood shavings as horse bedding materials. Nine horses were used in a repeated measure design, where each horse was provided with each of the bedding materials for two consecutive weeks. The weight, cost, mucking out time, ammonia emissions, and urine holding capacity were measured and calculated for each bedding material. Results showed that pinewood shavings had the highest urine-holding capacity, while rubber wood shavings had the lowest absorbency for urine. Pinewood shavings also had lower ammonia emissions compared to sawdust and rubber wood shavings but were significantly more expensive. Sawdust was the cheapest of the three bedding materials, but it was used in greater quantities, which required more time for mucking out. The findings from this study could be used to make informed decisions on bedding materials for stables, taking into consideration the trade-off between cost, maintenance requirements, and labor hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I M Zailani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, University of Technology Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| | - F Hanis
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
| | - M A M Anuar
- Department of Built Environment and Surveying, School of Professional & Continuing Education, University of Technology Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 54000, Malaysia
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29
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Ajjaq A, Bulut F, Ozturk O, Acar S. Advanced NH 3 Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p-n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability. ACS Sens 2024; 9:895-911. [PMID: 38293781 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Due to its stability, transportability, and ability to be produced using renewable energy sources, NH3 has become an attractive option for hydrogen production and storage. Detecting NH3 is then essential, being a toxic and flammable gas that can pose dangers if not properly monitored. ZnO chemiresistive sensors have shown great potential in real NH3 monitoring applications; yet, research and development in this area are ongoing due to reported limitations, like baseline instabilities and sensitivity to environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, and interferent gases. Herein, we suggest an approach to obtain sensors with competitive performance based on ZnO semiconducting metal oxides. For this purpose, one-dimensional nanostructured pure and La-doped ZnO films were synthesized hydrothermally. Incorporating large rare earth ions, like La, into the bulk lattice of ZnO is challenging and can lead to surface defects that are influential in gas-sensing reactions. The sensors experienced a temperature-induced p-n shifting at about 100 °C, verified by the Hall effect and AC impedance measurements. The doped sensor showed exceptional stepwise baseline stability and outstanding performance at a relatively low operating temperature (150 °C) with a sensing response of 91 at best (@ 50 ppm NH3) and recorded a tolerance to water vapor up to 70% RH. Alongside p-n shifting, the enhanced performance was discussed in correlation with La doping-triggered changes in the nanostructural and surfacial properties of the films. We validated the proposed technique by producing similar sensors and performing multiple replicates to ensure consistency and reproducibility. We also introduced the fill factor concept into the gas sensor field as a new trustworthy parameter that could improve sensor performance assessment and help rate sensors based on deviation from ideality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ajjaq
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Fatih Bulut
- Scientific and Technological Research Applications and Research Center, Sinop University, Sinop 57000, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ozturk
- Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37000, Turkey
| | - Selim Acar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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30
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Banydeen R, Lacavalerie MR, Florentin J, Boullanger C, Medhaoui H, Resiere D, Neviere R. Central sleep apnea and exposure to ambient hydrogen sulfide emissions from massive strandings of decomposing sargassum in the Caribbean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168886. [PMID: 38016560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sargassum invasion of Caribbean and American shorelines is a recurring environmental hazard. Potential health effects of long-term chronic exposure to sargassum gaseous emissions, notably hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are overlooked. H2S plays an important role in neurotransmission and is involved in generating and transmitting respiratory rhythm. Central sleep apnea (CSA) has been attributed to the depression of respiratory centers. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effects of exposure to sargassum-H2S on CSA. METHODS This study, set in the Caribbean, describes the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of individuals living and/or working in areas impacted by sargassum strandings, in comparison with non-exposed subjects. Environmental exposure was estimated by the closest ground H2S sensor. Multivariate linear regression was applied to analyze CSA changes according to cumulative H2S exposure over time. Effects of air pollution and other sargassum toxic compounds (NH3) on CSA were also controlled. RESULTS Among the 685 study patients, 27 % were living and/or working in sargassum impacted areas. Compared with non-exposed patients, exposed ones had similar sleep apnea syndrome risk factors, but had increased levels of CSA events (expressed as absolute number or % of total sleep apnea). Multivariate regression retained only male gender and mean H2S concentration over a 6-month exposure period as independent predictors of an increase in CSA events. A minimal exposure length of 1 month generated a significant rise in CSA events, with the latter increasing proportionally with a cumulative increase in H2S concentration over time. CONCLUSION This pioneer work highlights a potential effect of sargassum-H2S on the central nervous system, notably on the modulation of the activity of the brain's respiratory control center. These observations, jointly with previous studies from our group, constitute a body of evidence strongly supporting a deleterious effect of sargassum-H2S on the health of individuals chronically exposed to low to moderate concentration levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Banydeen
- Department of Toxicology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France; Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France
| | - Mickael Rejaudry Lacavalerie
- Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France; Department of Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Jonathan Florentin
- Department of Toxicology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France; Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France
| | - Carole Boullanger
- Martinique Observatory of Air Quality (Madininair), 97200 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Hossein Medhaoui
- Department of Toxicology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France; Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France
| | - Dabor Resiere
- Department of Toxicology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France; Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France
| | - Remi Neviere
- Cardiovascular Research Team (UR5_3 PC2E), University of the French West Indies (Université des Antilles), 97200 Fort de France, France; Department of Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Martinique (CHU Martinique), 97261 Fort-de-France, France.
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Yan X, Ying Y, Li K, Zhang Q, Wang K. A review of mitigation technologies and management strategies for greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions in livestock production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120028. [PMID: 38219668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
One of the key issues in manure management of livestock production is to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions, which lead to significant environmental footprint and human/animal health threats. This study provides a review of potentially efficacious technologies and management strategies that reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions during the three key stages of manure management in livestock production, i.e., animal housing, manure storage and treatment, and manure application. Several effective mitigation technologies and practices for each manure management stage are identified and analyzed in detail, including feeding formulation adjustment, frequent manure removal and air scrubber during animal housing stage; solid-liquid separation, manure covers for storage, acidification, anaerobic digestion and composting during manure storage and treatment stage; land application techniques at appropriate timing during manure application stage. The results indicated several promising approaches to reduce multiple gas emissions from the entire manure management. Removing manure 2-3 times per week or every day during animal housing stage is an effective and simple way to reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions. Acidification during manure storage and treatment stage can reduce ammonia and methane emissions by 33%-93% and 67%-87%, respectively and proper acid, such as lactic acid can also reduce nitrous oxide emission by about 90%. Shallow injection of manure for field application has the best performance in reducing ammonia emission by 62%-70% but increase nitrous oxide emission. The possible trade-off brings insight to the prioritization of targeted gas emissions for the researchers, stakeholders and policymakers, and also highlights the importance of assessing the mitigation technologies across the entire manure management chain. Implementing a combination of the management strategies needs comprehensive considerations about mitigation efficiency, technical feasibility, local regulations, climate condition, scalability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yan
- School of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Guangxi Yangxiang Co., Ltd., Gangnan District, Guigang, 537106, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongfei Ying
- Zhejiang Province Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Zhejiang Province Department of Agriculture, 111 Yuyun Road, Hangzhou, 310020, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunkun Li
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Kaiying Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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32
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Chen HW, Chen CY, Lin GY. Impact assessment of spatial-temporal distribution of riverine dust on air quality using remote sensing data and numerical modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16048-16065. [PMID: 38308783 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Soil erosion is a severe problem in Taiwan due to the steep terrain, fragile geology, and extreme climatic events resulting from global warming. Due to the rapidly changing hydrological conditions affecting the locations and the amount of transported sand and fine particles, timely impact evaluation and riverine dust control are difficult, particularly when resources are limited. To comprehend the impact of desertification in estuarine areas on the variation of air pollutant concentrations, this study utilized remote sensing technology coupled with an air pollutant dispersion model to determine the unit contribution of potential pollution sources and quantify the effect of riverine dust on air quality. The images of the downstream area of the Beinan River basin captured by Formosat-2 in May 2006 were used to analyze land use and land cover (LULC) composition. Subsequently, the diffusion model ISCST-3 based on Gaussian distribution was utilized to simulate the transport of PM across the study area. Finally, a mixed-integer programming model was developed to optimize resource allocation for dust control. Results reveal that sand deposition in specific river sections significantly influences regional air quality, owing to the unique local topography and wind field conditions. The present optimal plan model for regional air quality control further showed that after implementing engineering measures including water cover, revegetation, armouring cover, and revegetation, total PM concentrations would be reduced by 51%. The contribution equivalent calculation, using the air pollution diffusion model, was effectively integrated into the optimization model to formulate a plan for reducing riverine dust with limited resources based on air quality requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Wen Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tung-Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Chen
- Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tung-Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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33
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Lim JY, Song HJ, Kim GW, Kim PJ. Changes in agricultural nitrogen (N) balance of OECD countries and its causes and impacts. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119853. [PMID: 38141344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) developed soil surface nutrient balance and made it mandatory for member countries to report annual nutrient budgets since 1990. This study aimed to evaluate the status of nitrogen (N) management in member countries and to figure out why N surplus levels differ across countries and how they relate to other agri-environmental indicators, by analyzing the N budgets from 35 OECD countries over the last 30 years. Of the three factors determining N balance (agricultural land area, N input, and N output), agricultural land area decreased in most OECD countries, negatively affecting N balance reduction. However, OECD's average N balance highly decreased from 91 to 46 kg ha-1 over the last 30 years due to the decrease in N input through inorganic fertilizers and manure, especially in EU countries with high N input levels, while N output did not meaningfully change. In comparison, in Japan and Korea, the N balance slightly increased and they became the highest N balance country recently. A higher N balance led to lower N use efficiency and higher ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission intensities. More densely populated countries with smaller agricultural land per capita (ranging from 0.03 to 0.47 ha capita-1) showed a higher N balance (228-80 kg ha-1), presumably due to higher N input for more agricultural production on limited land. The most densely populated countries among OECD members (Belgium, the Netherlands, Korea, and Japan) had similar N input levels. However, two EU countries had much higher N output than two Asian countries due to higher pasture production, which led to a lower N balance and higher N use efficiency. Therefore, highly populated countries with small arable land areas per capita might need multilateral efforts to alleviate agricultural N balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Lim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Microbiology, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hyeon Ji Song
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Won Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pil Joo Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Hůnová I, Brabec M, Malý M. Major ions in Central European precipitation - Insight into changes in NO 3-/SO 42-, NH 4+/NO 3- and NH 4+/SO 42- ratios over the last four decades. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140986. [PMID: 38109973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of precipitation composition is important, among other things, to reveal changes in atmospheric chemistry. Here we present the long-term time trends in ratios of major ions in precipitation, namely nitrate to sulphate (NO3-/SO42-), ammonium to sulphate (NH4+/SO42-) and ammonium to nitrate (NH4+/NO3-). For this we explore the long-term time series recorded by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute at eight monitoring sites situated in urban, rural and mountain regions of the Czech Republic between 1980 and 2020. To that end, we use innovative Bayesian inference with the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) computational method appropriate for investigating complicated large-scale data. Our results indicated: (i) increasing NO3-/SO42- ratio in precipitation over time and distinct seasonal behaviour with higher values in winter and lower values in summer, (ii) increasing NH4+/SO42- ratio in precipitation and distinct seasonal behaviour with higher values in summer and lower values in winter and (iii) relatively stable NH4+/NO3- ratio in precipitation with a mild recent increase and distinct seasonal behaviour with higher values in summer and lower values in winter. This behaviour pattern holds true for all the sites analysed, irrespective of their geographical position, altitude or environment. Though explored in detail rarely, the ion ratios are important to study as they reflect changes in atmospheric chemistry, mirroring changes in emissions and meteorology and suggesting changing impacts on ecosystems and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Hůnová
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Sabatce 17, 143 06 Prague 4, Komorany, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benatska 2, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Brabec
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodarenskou Vezi 2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic; National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Malý
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodarenskou Vezi 2, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic; National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
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35
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Nunez Y, Benavides J, Shearston JA, Krieger EM, Daouda M, Henneman LRF, McDuffie EE, Goldsmith J, Casey JA, Kioumourtzoglou MA. An environmental justice analysis of air pollution emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2010. Nat Commun 2024; 15:268. [PMID: 38233427 PMCID: PMC10794183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, air pollution emissions have decreased substantially; however, inequities in air pollution persist. We evaluate county-level racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in emissions changes from six air pollution source sectors (industry [SO2], energy [SO2, NOx], agriculture [NH3], commercial [NOx], residential [particulate organic carbon], and on-road transportation [NOx]) in the contiguous United States during the 40 years following the Clean Air Act (CAA) enactment (1970-2010). We calculate relative emission changes and examine the differential changes given county demographics using hierarchical nested models. The results show racial/ethnic disparities, particularly in the industry and energy generation source sectors. We also find that median family income is a driver of variation in relative emissions changes in all sectors-counties with median family income >$75 K vs. less generally experience larger relative declines in industry, energy, transportation, residential, and commercial-related emissions. Emissions from most air pollution source sectors have, on a national level, decreased following the United States CAA. In this work, we show that the relative reductions in emissions varied across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanelli Nunez
- Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA.
- PSE Healthy Energy, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Jaime Benavides
- Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jenni A Shearston
- Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
- Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Misbath Daouda
- Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
- Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lucas R F Henneman
- Sid and Reva Dewberry Dept. of Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Erin E McDuffie
- Dept. of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Dept. of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Joan A Casey
- Dept. of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
- Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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36
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Edwards TM, Puglis HJ, Kent DB, Durán JL, Bradshaw LM, Farag AM. Ammonia and aquatic ecosystems - A review of global sources, biogeochemical cycling, and effects on fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167911. [PMID: 37871823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to better understand the full life cycle and influence of ammonia from an aquatic biology perspective. While ammonia has toxic properties in water and air, it also plays a central role in the biogeochemical nitrogen (N) cycle and regulates mechanisms of normal and abnormal fish physiology. Additionally, as the second most synthesized chemical on Earth, ammonia contributes economic value to many sectors, particularly fertilizers, energy storage, explosives, refrigerants, and plastics. But, with so many uses, industrial N2-fixation effectively doubles natural reactive N concentrations in the environment. The consequence is global, with excess fixed nitrogen driving degradation of soils, water, and air; intensifying eutrophication, biodiversity loss, and climate change; and creating health risks for humans, wildlife, and fisheries. Thus, the need for ammonia research in aquatic systems is growing. In response, we prepared this review to better understand the complexities and connectedness of environmental ammonia. Even the term "ammonia" has multiple meanings. So, we have clarified the nomenclature, identified units of measurement, and summarized methods to measure ammonia in water. We then discuss ammonia in the context of the N-cycle, review its role in fish physiology and mechanisms of toxicity, and integrate the effects of human N-fixation, which continuously expands ammonia's sources and uses. Ammonia is being developed as a carbon-free energy carrier with potential to increase reactive nitrogen in the environment. With this in mind, we review the global impacts of excess reactive nitrogen and consider the current monitoring and regulatory frameworks for ammonia. The presented synthesis illustrates the complex and interactive dynamics of ammonia as a plant nutrient, energy molecule, feedstock, waste product, contaminant, N-cycle participant, regulator of animal physiology, toxicant, and agent of environmental change. Few molecules are as influential as ammonia in the management and resilience of Earth's resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea M Edwards
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| | - Holly J Puglis
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Douglas B Kent
- U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Systems Processes Division, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan López Durán
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Lillian M Bradshaw
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Aïda M Farag
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Jackson Field Research Station, Jackson, WY, USA
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Lian W, Ge S, Pang Q. Platycodin D ameliorates ammonia-induced pulmonary fibrosis by repressing TGF-β1-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14446. [PMID: 38230787 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia can induce pulmonary fibrosis in humans and animals. Platycodin D (PLD) possesses various bioactive activities including anti-fibrotic properties. In this study, we aimed to explore the activity and mechanism of PLD in pulmonary fibrosis induced by ammonia. The mouse model of ammonia-induced lung fibrosis was established, and the role of PLD was assessed by H&E and Masson's trichrome staining. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA-seq and subjected to GO and KEGG pathway analyses. BEAS-2B cells were treated with NH4 Cl alone or along with PLD. Results showed that PLD attenuated ammonia-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. The extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction pathway was predicted as a prominent pathway underlying the anti-fibrotic function of PLD. In ammonia-induced mouse models and NH4 Cl-treated BEAS-2B cells, PLD could repress the activation of the TGF-β1 pathway. By incubating lung fibroblast HFL1 cells with the conditioned medium of BEAS-2B cells treated with NH4Cl alone or along with PLD, PLD was confirmed to attenuate NH4 Cl-induced ECM deposition in HFL1 cells. Our findings demonstrate that PLD exerts a protective function in ammonia-induced pulmonary fibrosis by repressing TGF-β1-mediated ECM remodeling, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of PLD in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Shihao Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Quanhai Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Wang Y, Li X, Geng H, Zhu Z, Wang Q, Dong H. Variation of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in emissions and chemical compositions in different seasons from a manure-belt laying hen house. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103120. [PMID: 37852053 PMCID: PMC10591010 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) emissions from animal houses and the corresponding hazard have raised increasing attention during recent years. In this study, a large-scale manure-belt laying hen house located in Beijing, China was selected as the experimental site for the study of the emission rates (ER) and chemical compositions of PM2.5 and PM10 in 3 seasons, namely, summer, autumn, and winter, to investigate their possible influences on ambient air quality and human health. The results showed that the mean ER from the hen house in summer, autumn, and winter were 9.0 ± 1.7, 2.4 ± 0.7, and 1.9 ± 0.7 mg hen-1 d-1 for PM2.5 (P < 0.05), and 30.7 ± 1.1, 12.8 ± 1.5, and 10.9 ± 0.9 mg hen-1 d-1 for PM10 (P < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, large amounts of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) were observed inside the house in summer, accounting for 11.4 and 9.6% of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 mass, respectively, compared with the value of <1.4% in autumn and winter. Among the 31 detected elements in indoor PM, arsenic concentration exceeded the threshold set in legislation. Zn had a notably high concentration of 3,403 to 4,432 ng m-3 in indoor PM10, which was 28 to 71 times higher than that in ambient PM10. The findings suggest that the poultry-raising house emit PM2.5 and PM10 containing SIA and toxic heavy-metal elements such as As and Zn to the ambient with much more emissions in summer than in autumn and winter. Considering the increasing development of poultry-raising farming in China, the potential hazard derived from the exhaust of PM2.5 and PM10 should be focused on, especially during summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xinrong Li
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100087, China
| | - Hong Geng
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhiping Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongmin Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Çinar G, Dragoni F, Ammon C, Belik V, van der Weerden TJ, Noble A, Hassouna M, Amon B. Effects of environmental and housing system factors on ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from cattle barns: A meta-analysis of a global data collation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 172:60-70. [PMID: 37714011 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a meta-analysis on the relationships between cattle barn CH4, NH3 and N2O emission rates and their key drivers (i.e., housing type, floor type, environmental conditions). Understanding these relationships is essential to reduce uncertainties in emission inventories and suggest targeted mitigation measures. The total number of daily emission rates included in the analysis was 139 for CH4, 293 for NH3 and 100 for N2O emissions. Emission rates in the database showed a large variation with 45-803.5 g/LU d-1 for CH4, 0.036-146.7 gN LU-1 d-1 for NH3, and 0.002-18 gN LU-1 d-1 for N2O emissions. Despite the high emission variability, significant effects were identified·NH3 showed positive correlation with air temperature; NH3 emissions differed between housing types but not between floor types·NH3 emissions from tied stalls were lower than the ones from cubicle housing regardless of the floor type. Additionally, NH3 emissions from loose housings were lower than the ones from cubicle housing·NH3 and N2O emission rates from temperate wet zones were lower than the ones from temperate dry zones. CH4 emission rates were affected by environmental factors only and not by housing and floor type, showing negative correlation with air temperature and humidity. The factors investigated can be suggested as ancillary variables and descriptors when cattle barn emissions are measured, in order to make best use of emission data. Country-specific data of these key drivers can be included into national inventories to adapt them to different agroecosystems and support targeted policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gültac Çinar
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Dragoni
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Christian Ammon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vitaly Belik
- Veterinary Epidemiology and Biometry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alasdair Noble
- AgResearch Ltd, Lincoln Research Centre, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand
| | | | - Barbara Amon
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland
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40
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Zhong J, Hodgson JR, James Bloss W, Shi Z. Impacts of net zero policies on air quality in a metropolitan area of the United Kingdom: Towards world health organization air quality guidelines. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116704. [PMID: 37481053 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and air pollution are closely interlinked since carbon dioxide and air pollutants are co-emitted from fossil fuel combustion. Net Zero (NZ) policies aiming to reduce carbon emissions will likely bring co-benefits in air quality and associated health. However, it is unknown whether regional NZ policies alone will be sufficient to reduce air pollutant levels to meet the latest 2021 World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Here, we carried out high resolution air quality modelling for in the West Midlands region, a typical metropolitan area in the UK, to quantify the effects of different NZ policies on air quality. Results show that NZ policies will significantly improve air quality in the West Midlands, with up to 6 μg m-3 (21%) reduction in annual mean NO2 (mostly through the electrification of vehicle fleet, EV) and up to 1.4 μg m-3 (12%) reduction in annual mean PM2.5 projected for 2030 relative to levels under a "business as usual" (BAU) scenario. Under BAU, 2030 PM2.5 concentrations in most wards would be below 10 μg m-3 whilst under the Net Zero scenario, those in all wards would be below 10 μg m-3. This means that the ward averages in the West Midlands would meet the UK PM2.5 of 10 μg m-3target a decade early under the Net Zero scenario. However, no ward-level-averaged annual mean PM2.concentrations meet the 2021 WHO Air Quality guideline level of 5 μg m-3 under any scenario. Similarly for NO2 only 18 wards (8% of the region's population) are predicted to have NO2 concentrations below the 2021 WHO guideline level (10 μg m-3). Decarbonisation policies linked to Net Zero deliver substantial regional air quality benefits, but are not in isolation sufficient to deliver clean air with air pollutant levels low enough to meet the 2021 WHO guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - James Robert Hodgson
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - William James Bloss
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zongbo Shi
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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41
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Rychła A, Amon B, Hassouna M, van der Weerden TJ, Winiwarter W. Costs and effects of measures to reduce ammonia emissions from dairy cattle and pig production: A comparison of country-specific estimations and model calculations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118678. [PMID: 37517115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the costs of emission abatement measures is essential for devising reduction efforts. It allows to identify cost-effective solutions to achieve target values set by international agreements or national policies. This work aims to summarize and discuss the current knowledge on costs and effects associated with selected ammonia (NH3) mitigation measures in livestock production through comparison of country-specific and model-estimated values. Often, large differences appear between the results of individual countries, also in comparison with model results that are generally better harmonized between countries. It seems that different system boundaries in cost assessments, but also different geographic and structural conditions create perceived as well as real cost differences, also caused by the variability of individual situations. Our results are robust with respect to identifying feeding strategies as the most cost-effective, but results for other mitigation options do not show any clear trends, thus making it difficult to distinguish further cost-effective solutions. We point out and discuss some key aspects which may affect estimates of national costs, leading to challenges with the interpretation of final results. Our study concludes that further and more consistent assessments (e.g. standardized protocols) are needed to improve the evaluation base for other individual abatement options, including options that are under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rychła
- University of Zielona Góra, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Licealna Str. 9, PL-65-417, Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Barbara Amon
- University of Zielona Góra, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Licealna Str. 9, PL-65-417, Zielona Góra, Poland; Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Wilfried Winiwarter
- University of Zielona Góra, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Licealna Str. 9, PL-65-417, Zielona Góra, Poland; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, A-2444, Laxenburg, Austria
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42
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Aroca A, García I. Advances in plant molecular biology: towards new challenges. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5949-5954. [PMID: 37832938 PMCID: PMC10575696 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Aroca
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González, 1, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, IBVF (Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Irene García
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, IBVF (Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Zhang B, Weuve J, Langa KM, D’Souza J, Szpiro A, Faul J, Mendes de Leon C, Gao J, Kaufman JD, Sheppard L, Lee J, Kobayashi LC, Hirth R, Adar SD. Comparison of Particulate Air Pollution From Different Emission Sources and Incident Dementia in the US. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:1080-1089. [PMID: 37578757 PMCID: PMC10425875 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Importance Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution may increase dementia risk in older adults. Although this evidence suggests opportunities for intervention, little is known about the relative importance of PM2.5 from different emission sources. Objective To examine associations of long-term exposure of total and source-specific PM2.5 with incident dementia in older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants The Environmental Predictors of Cognitive Health and Aging study used biennial survey data from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2016, for participants in the Health and Retirement Study, which is a nationally representative, population-based cohort study in the US. The present cohort study included all participants older than 50 years who were without dementia at baseline and had available exposure, outcome, and demographic data between 1998 and 2016 (N = 27 857). Analyses were performed from January 31 to May 1, 2022. Exposures The 10-year mean total PM2.5 and PM2.5 from 9 emission sources at participant residences for each month during follow-up using spatiotemporal and chemical transport models. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was incident dementia as classified by a validated algorithm incorporating respondent-based cognitive testing and proxy respondent reports. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for incident dementia per IQR of residential PM2.5 concentrations using time-varying, weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjustment for the individual- and area-level risk factors. Results Among 27 857 participants (mean [SD] age, 61 [10] years; 15 747 [56.5%] female), 4105 (15%) developed dementia during a mean (SD) follow-up of 10.2 [5.6] years. Higher concentrations of total PM2.5 were associated with greater rates of incident dementia (HR, 1.08 per IQR; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17). In single pollutant models, PM2.5 from all sources, except dust, were associated with increased rates of dementia, with the strongest associations for agriculture, traffic, coal combustion, and wildfires. After control for PM2.5 from all other sources and copollutants, only PM2.5 from agriculture (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27) and wildfires (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08) were robustly associated with greater rates of dementia. Conclusion and Relevance In this cohort study, higher residential PM2.5 levels, especially from agriculture and wildfires, were associated with higher rates of incident dementia, providing further evidence supporting PM2.5 reduction as a population-based approach to promote healthy cognitive aging. These findings also indicate that intervening on key emission sources might have value, although more research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kenneth M. Langa
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jennifer D’Souza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Adam Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jessica Faul
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | - Jiaqi Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Joel D. Kaufman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jinkook Lee
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Lindsay C. Kobayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Richard Hirth
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Sara D. Adar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
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Benedek Z, Dublecz K, Koltay IA, Fitos G, Várhelyi VK, Magyar M, Pirkó B, Baranyai NH. Representative Survey for Evaluating Housing and Manure Handling Technologies of the Hungarian Pig Sector. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2658. [PMID: 37627449 PMCID: PMC10451208 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In Hungary, there is a lack of information on the pig production technologies in place in the base year of 2005 and changes since then, as well as a lack of information on the number of pigs kept in different age and production categories, which makes it difficult to calculate ammonia emissions and reductions in the national inventories. Our research team conducted a representative survey of pig farms to assess housing and manure management technologies in the Hungarian pig sector in 2005 and 2015. Novel expert-based calculation methods were developed to convert farm data on pig populations into daily average numbers (DAN) of animals in different statistical categories and feeding phases. The survey resulted in a representative database of housing, manure handling, storage and manure application practices in Hungarian pig production. The data and methodology from the survey helped to develop an ammonia emission calculator and knowledge transfer tool (AGEM-S) for use by farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Benedek
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Sciences, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
| | - Károly Dublecz
- Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary;
| | - Ilona Anna Koltay
- Association of Hungarian Pig Breeders and Keepers, 2053 Herceghalom, Hungary; (I.A.K.); (G.F.)
| | - Gábor Fitos
- Association of Hungarian Pig Breeders and Keepers, 2053 Herceghalom, Hungary; (I.A.K.); (G.F.)
| | | | - Marianna Magyar
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences, Department of Soil Chemistry and Material Turnover, 1022 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Béla Pirkó
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences, Department of Soil Chemistry and Material Turnover, 1022 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Nóra Hegedűsné Baranyai
- Renewable Energy Research Group, University Center for Circular Economy, University of Pannonia Nagykanizsa, 8800 Nagykanizsa, Hungary;
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Wang Z, Tao T, Wang H, Chen J, Small GE, Johnson D, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Zhang S, Song Y, Kattge J, Guo P, Sun X. Forms of nitrogen inputs regulate the intensity of soil acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4044-4055. [PMID: 37186143 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification induced by reactive nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Because different N-transformation processes contribute to the production and consumption of H+ , the magnitude of acidification likely depends on the relative amounts of organic N (ON) and inorganic N (IN) inputs. However, few studies have explicitly measured the effects of N composition on soil acidification. In this study, we first conducted a meta-analysis to test the effects of ON or IN inputs on soil acidification across 53 studies in grasslands. We then compared soil acidification across five different ON:IN ratios and two input rates based on long-term field N addition experiments. The meta-analysis showed that ON had weaker effects on soil acidification than IN when the N addition rate was above 20 g N m-2 year-1 . The field experiment confirmed the findings from meta-analysis: N addition with proportions of ON ≥ 20% caused less soil acidification, especially at a high input rate (30 g N m-2 year-1 ). Structural equation model analysis showed that this result was largely due to a relatively low rate of H+ production from ON as NH3 volatilization and uptake of ON and NH4 + by the dominant grass species Leymus chinensis (which are both lower net contributors to H+ production) result in less NH4 + available for nitrification (which is a higher net contributor to H+ production). These results indicate that the evaluation of soil acidification induced by N inputs should consider N forms and manipulations of relative composition of N inputs may provide an effective approach to alleviate the N-induced soil acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Tao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Wang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gaston E Small
- Department of Biology, University of St Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jihui Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qichao Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Yantao Song
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Jens Kattge
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Peng Guo
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Dai S, Chen X, Liang J, Li X, Li S, Chen G, Chen Z, Bin J, Tang Y, Li X. Response of PM2.5 pollution to meteorological and anthropogenic emissions changes during COVID-19 lockdown in Hunan Province based on WRF-Chem model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121886. [PMID: 37236582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In December 2019, the New Crown Pneumonia (the COVID-19) outbroke around the globe, and China imposed a nationwide lockdown starting as early as January 23, 2020. This decision has significantly impacted China's air quality, especially the sharp decrease in PM2.5 (aerodynamic equivalent diameter of particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 μm) pollution. Hunan Province is located in the central and eastern part of China, with a "horseshoe basin" topography. The reduction rate of PM2.5 concentrations in Hunan province during the COVID-19 (24.8%) was significantly higher than the national average (20.3%). Through the analysis of the changing character and pollution sources of haze pollution events in Hunan Province, more scientific countermeasures can be provided for the government. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem, V4.0) model to predict and simulate the PM2.5 concentrations under seven scenarios before the lockdown (2020.1.1-2020.1.22) and during the lockdown (2020.1.23-2020.2.14). Then, the PM2.5 concentrations under different conditions is compared to differentiate the contribution of meteorological conditions and local human activities to PM2.5 pollution. The results indicate the most important cause of PM2.5 pollution reduction is anthropogenic emissions from the residential sector, followed by the industrial sector, while the influence of meteorological factors contribute only 0.5% to PM2.5. The explanation is that emission reductions from the residential sector contribute the most to the reduction of seven primary contaminants. Finally, we trace the source and transport path of the air mass in Hunan Province through the Concentration Weight Trajectory Analysis (CWT). We found that the external input of PM2.5 in Hunan Province is mainly from the air mass transported from the northeast, accounting for 28.6%-30.0%. To improve future air quality, there is an urgent need to burn clean energy, improve the industrial structure, rationalize energy use, and strengthen cross-regional air pollution synergy control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xuwu Chen
- School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Gaojie Chen
- College of Mathematics and Econometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zuo Chen
- College of Information Science and Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Juan Bin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yifan Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
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Cha B, Choi JY, Kim SH, Zhao S, Khan SA, Jeong B, Kim YD. In Situ Spectroscopic Studies of NH 3 Oxidation of Fe-Oxide/Al 2O 3. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18064-18073. [PMID: 37251163 PMCID: PMC10210185 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Simple temperature-regulated chemical vapor deposition was used to disperse iron oxide nanoparticles on porous Al2O3 to create an Fe-oxide/Al2O3 structure for catalytic NH3 oxidation. The Fe-oxide/Al2O3 achieved nearly 100% removal of NH3, with N2 as a major reaction product at temperatures above 400 °C and negligible NOx emissions at all experimental temperatures. The results of a combination of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy and near-ambient pressure-near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy suggest a N2H4-mediated oxidation mechanism of NH3 to N2 via the Mars-van Krevelen pathway on the Fe-oxide/Al2O3 surface. As a catalytic adsorbent-an energy-efficient approach to reducing NH3 levels in living environments via adsorption and thermal treatment of NH3-no harmful NOx emissions were produced during the thermal treatment of the NH3-adsorbed Fe-oxide/Al2O3 surface, while NH3 molecularly desorbed from the surface. A system with dual catalytic filters of Fe-oxide/Al2O3 was designed to fully oxidize this desorbed NH3 to N2 in a clean and energy-efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong
Jun Cha
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
- Center
of Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic
Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Republic
of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Shufang Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sher Ali Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Beomgyun Jeong
- Center
for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science
Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic
of Korea
| | - Young Dok Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
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48
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Galamini G, Ferretti G, Rosinger C, Huber S, Medoro V, Mentler A, Díaz-Pinés E, Gorfer M, Faccini B, Keiblinger KM. Recycling nitrogen from liquid digestate via novel reactive struvite and zeolite minerals to mitigate agricultural pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137881. [PMID: 36657582 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recycling nutrients is of paramount importance. For this reason, struvite and nitrogen enriched zeolite fertilizers produced from wastewater treatments are receiving growing attention in European markets. However, their effects on agricultural soils are far from certain, especially struvite, which only recently was implemented in EU Fertilizing Product Regulations. In this paper, we investigate the effects of these materials in acid sandy arable soil, particularly focusing on N dynamics, evaluating potential losses, transformation pathways, and the effects of struvite and zeolitic tuffs on main soil biogeochemical parameters, in comparison to traditional fertilization with digestate. Liming effect (pH alkalinization) was observed in all treatments with varying intensities, affecting most of the soil processes. The struvite was quickly solubilized due to soil acidity, and the release of nutrients stimulated nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms. Zeolitic tuff amendments decreased the NOx gas emissions, which are precursors to the powerful climate altering N2O gas, and the N enriched chabazite tuff also recorded smaller NH3 emissions compared to the digestate. However, a high dosage of zeolites in soil increased NH3 emissions after fertilization, due to pronounced pH shifts. Contrasting effects were observed between the two zeolitic tuffs when applied as soil amendments; while the chabazite tuff had a strong positive effect - increasing up to ∼90% the soil microbial N immobilization - the employed clinoptilolite tuff had immediate negative effects on the microbial biomass, likely due to the large quantities of sulphur released. However, when applied at lower dosages, the N enriched clinoptilolite also contributed to the increase of microbial N. From these outcomes, we confirm the potential of struvite and zeolites to mitigate the outfluxes of nutrients from agricultural systems. To gain the best results and significantly lower environmental impacts, extension practitioners could give recommendations based on the soils that are planned for zeolite application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Galamini
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara (UNIFE), Via Saragat 1, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giacomo Ferretti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara (UNIFE), Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Christoph Rosinger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria; Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Sabine Huber
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Valeria Medoro
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara (UNIFE), Via Saragat 1, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Axel Mentler
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eugenio Díaz-Pinés
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Gorfer
- Center for Health & Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, Tulln, Austria
| | - Barbara Faccini
- Department of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara (UNIFE), Via Saragat 1, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katharina Maria Keiblinger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190, Vienna, Austria
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49
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Sun H, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Cui M, Liu H, Wu P, Liu H. Effective mitigation of ammonia in sewage-sludge-derived fermentation liquid using flow-electrode capacitive deionization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116630. [PMID: 36419295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high toxicity of ammonia to organisms and its contribution to eutrophication in surface water, the risk of emission of ammonia and other nitrogenous ions to the environment and ecosystems has aroused wide concerns. Therefore, the discharge criterion on nitrogen in effluent from conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is very stringent. Furthermore, during the conventional denitrification processes, the relatively costly external carbon source is usually required. Nowadays production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from sewage sludge by alkaline anaerobic fermentation has regarded as an attractive carbon source. However, usually ammonia is quite abundant in the fermentation liquid and thus effective mitigation of ammonia in the fermentation liquid is also a significant step for its further utilization. In the present study, the flow electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) was applied to remove ammonia in the fermentation liquid of sewage sludge. Firstly, response surface method (RSM) was employed to optimize parameters and then the performance of the FCDI in ammonia removal were examined. Results showed that optimal flow rates, carbon content and ammonia concentration were 8.0 mL min-1, 4.0 wt% and 110 mg N·L-1 and the ammonia removal efficiency (ARE) reached 42.7%, while treating the alkaline fermentation liquid. Seemingly the presence of Na+ and polypeptides in the liquid with their average RE of 53.3% and 11.1% substantially compromised ammonia removal probably due to the competition of adsorption sites. This present study serves as a proven concept for the feasibility of the application of the FCDI system in ammonia separation from the VFAs, which could realize economic and ecological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Sun
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Minhua Cui
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - He Liu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material, Suzhou, 215011, China.
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Novel coating films containing micronutrients for controlled-release urea fertilizer: release mechanisms and kinetics study. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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