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Avendaño-Godoy J, Cattoën X, Kogan MJ, Morales Valenzuela J. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate adsorbed on core-shell gold nanorod@mesoporous silica nanoparticles, an antioxidant nanomaterial with photothermal properties. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124507. [PMID: 39048041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibits several pharmacological activities with potential benefits for human health, however, it has low oral bioavailability. A promising approach is to transport EGCG in a nanostructured system to protect it until it reaches the site of action and also allow combining chemotherapy with phototherapy to improve its therapeutic efficiency. The aim of this work was to synthesize GNR@mSiO2-NH2/EGCG and characterize the adsorption process, its antioxidant activity, properties and photothermal stability, for its potential use in chemo-photothermal therapy. The nanosystem presented good encapsulation efficiency (19.2 %) and EGCG loading capacity (6.0 %). The DPPH• free radical scavenging capacity (RSA) and chelating activity of the nanosystem was 60.7 ± 6.9 % and 71.0 ± 6.4 % at an EGCG equivalent concentration of 1 µg/mL and 30 µg/mL, respectively. The core-shell NPs presented a good photothermal transduction efficiency of 17 %. EGCG free, as well as its RSA and chelating activity, remained stable after NIR irradiation (808 nm, 7 W/cm2). The morphology of GNR@mSiO2 remained intact after being irradiated with NIR, however, ultrasmall gold NPs could be observed, probably a product of photocracking of GNR. In summary, the nanosystem has good antioxidant activity, photothermal stability, and photothermal transduction ability making it potentially useful for chemo-photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Avendaño-Godoy
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile; Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Intitut Néel, France
| | - Xavier Cattoën
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Intitut Néel, France
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile.
| | - Javier Morales Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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2
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Agorastos G, van Uitert E, van Halsema E, Scholten E, Bast A, Klosse P. The effect of cations and epigallocatechin gallate on in vitro salivary lubrication. Food Chem 2024; 430:136968. [PMID: 37527573 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionic valency influences oral processing by changing salivary behavior and merits more attention since little is known. In this study, the influence of three ionic valences (monovalent, divalent and trivalent), ionic strength and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on lubricating properties of saliva were investigated. Tribological measurements were used to characterize the lubrication response of KCl, MgCl2, FeCl3, and AlCl3 in combination with EGCG to the ex vivo salivary pellicle. KCl at 150 mM ionic strength provided extra lubrication via hydration lubrication. Contrarily, trivalent salts aggregated together with the salivary mucins via ionic cross-link interactions, which led to a decrease in salivary lubrication. FeCl3 and AlCl3 affected the salivary lubrication differently, which was attributed to changes in the pH. Finally, in presence of EGCG, FeCl3 interacted with EGCG via chelating interactions, preventing salivary protein aggregation. This resulted in less desorption of the salivary film, retaining the lubrication ability of salivary proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Agorastos
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Nassaustraat 36, 5911 BV Venlo, the Netherlands; T.A.S.T.E. Foundation, 6611 KS, Garstkampsestraat 11, Overasselt, the Netherlands; Physics and Physical Chemistry of Food, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 PG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Eva van Uitert
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Food, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 PG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emo van Halsema
- T.A.S.T.E. Foundation, 6611 KS, Garstkampsestraat 11, Overasselt, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Scholten
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Food, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 PG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Campus Venlo, Maastricht University, Nassaustraat 36, 5911 BV Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Klosse
- T.A.S.T.E. Foundation, 6611 KS, Garstkampsestraat 11, Overasselt, the Netherlands
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Zhang L, Guan Q, Jiang J, Khan MS. Tannin complexation with metal ions and its implication on human health, environment and industry: An overview. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127485. [PMID: 37863140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Tannins, also known as plant polyphenols (PPs), are secondary metabolites widely existing in higher plants and are a kind of natural renewable resource with wide distribution, variety and quantity. Tannin has become an important class of fine chemicals due to the easily modified molecular structure and the properties of antibacterial and antioxidant, combining with protein and complexing with metal ion. Besides being used for tanning leather, tannins are also widely used in wood adhesive, concrete water-reducing agents, oil drilling fluid viscosity-reducing agents, pharmaceutical, mineral processing, water treatment, gas desulfurization, metal anticorrosion, wood anticorrosion, printing and dyeing, liquor clarification, oil antioxidant, daily chemical products and other products preparation. There are two groups of tannins: condensed tannins (CTs) (flavonoid-derived proanthocyanidins) and hydrolysable tannins (HTs) (gallic acid ester-derived). Tannins can form complexes with metals through the ortho-dihydroxyphenolic group(s), especially with transition metals. The structure-activity relationships, stoichiometry, and origin of the insolubility of which were emphasized. Furthermore, this paper proposed an in-depth discussion of the associations of tannins-metal complexes in human health, environment and industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Qinhao Guan
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Marquez L, Lee Y, Duncan D, Whitesell L, Cowen LE, Quave C. Potent Antifungal Activity of Penta- O-galloyl-β-d-Glucose against Drug-Resistant Candida albicans, Candida auris, and Other Non- albicans Candida Species. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1685-1694. [PMID: 37607350 PMCID: PMC10496123 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Among fungal pathogens, infections by drug-resistant Candida species continue to pose a major challenge to healthcare. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of the bioactive natural product, penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Candida albicans, MDR Candida auris, and other MDR non-albicans Candida species. Here, we show that PGG has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.25-8 μg mL-1 (0.265-8.5 μM) against three clinical strains of C. auris and a MIC of 0.25-4 μg mL-1 (0.265-4.25 μM) against a panel of other MDR Candida species. Our cytotoxicity studies found that PGG was well tolerated by human kidney, liver, and epithelial cells with an IC50 > 256 μg mL-1 (>272 μM). We also show that PGG is a high-capacity iron chelator and that deletion of key iron homeostasis genes in C. albicans rendered strains hypersensitive to PGG. In conclusion, PGG displayed potent anti-Candida activity with minimal cytotoxicity for human cells. We also found that the antifungal activity of PGG is mediated through an iron-chelating mechanism, suggesting that the compound could prove useful as a topical treatment for superficial Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Marquez
- Molecular
and Systems Pharmacology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Jones
Center at Ichauway, Newton, Georgia 39870, United States
| | - Yunjin Lee
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Dustin Duncan
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Cassandra Quave
- Center
for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department
of Dermatology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Tang S, Zhu E, Zhai Z, Liu H, Wang Z, Jiao T, Zhang Q, Yuan D. Promoted elimination of metronidazole in ferrous ions activated peroxydisulfate process by gallic acid complexation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:138025. [PMID: 36736474 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We applied gallic acid (GA) as the complexing agent to stabilizing the regeneration of Fe2+ during the Fe2+/peroxydisulfate (PDS) Fenton-like reaction for promoting the removal of metronidazole (MTZ). This research evaluated the elimination of MTZ by optimizing the dose of GA and Fe2+ and pH condition. MTZ removal reached 83% at the GA: Fe2+ molar ratio of 1:1 (30 μM) and initial pH 5 and 6.2 after 120 min, and the kinetics showed two degradation phases (kobs1 = 0.09636 for the rapid stage and kobs2 = 0.01056 for the slow stage). The Fe2+ and GA complexes could expand the range of pH applicability and effectively stabilize the regeneration of Fe2+, which ultimately promoted the decontamination of MTZ. Sulfate radical (SO4.-), hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen were proved to exist in this ternary system and contribute to MTZ removal, and SO4.- played the dominant role. Furthermore, the possible pathways and mechanisms for MTZ degradation were proposed, and the simulation result indicated that the toxicity of degradation intermediates of MTZ were declined. The GA assisted Fe2+/PDS system provided an improved promising advanced oxidation process for organic wastewater disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Eryu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Huilin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Zhibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Qingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Deling Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
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6
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The Improved Inhibition of Mn (II)-EGCG on α-Glucosidase: Characteristics and Interactions Properties. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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7
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Caterino S, Pajer N, Crestini C. Iron-galls inks: preparation, structure and characterisation. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Dinda B, Dinda S, Dinda M. Therapeutic potential of green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Major interactions with host/virus proteases. PHYTOMEDICINE PLUS : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 3:100402. [PMID: 36597465 PMCID: PMC9800022 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current COVID-19 pandemic from the human pathogenic virus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a major health hazard globally. The morbidity and transmission modality of this disease are severe and uncontrollable. As no effective clinical drugs are available for treatment of COVID-19 infection till to date and only vaccination is used as prophylaxis and its efficacy is restricted due to emergent of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need for effective drugs for its treatment. PURPOSE The aim of this review was to provide a detailed analysis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), a major catechin constituent of green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) beverage to highlight the scope of EGCG in clinical medicine as both prophylaxis and treatment of present COVID-19 infection. In addition, the factors related to poor oral bioavailabilty of EGCG was also analysed for a suggestion for future research in this direction. STUDY DESIGN We collected the published articles related to anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of EGCG against the original strain (Wuhan type) and its newly emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus. METHODS A systematic search on the published literature was conducted in various databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus to collect the relevant literature. RESULTS The findings of this search demonstrate that EGCG shows potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus by preventing viral entry and replication in host cells in vitro models. The studies on the molecular mechanisms of EGCG in inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection in host cells reveal that EGCG blocks the entry of the virus particles by interaction with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of viral spike (S) protein to host cell surface receptor protease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as well as suppression of the expressions of host proteases, ACE2, TMPRSS2 and GRP78, required for viral entry, by Nrf2 activation in host cells. Moreover, EGCG inhibits the activities of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), endoribonuclease Nsp15 in vitro models and of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in molecular docking model for suppression of viral replication. In addition, EGCG significantly inhibits viral inflammatory cytokine production by stimulating Nrf2- dependent host immune response in virus-infected cells. EGCG significantly reduces the elevated levels of HMGB1, a biomarker of sepsis, lung fibrosis and thrombotic complications in viral infections. EGCG potentially inhibits the infection of original (Wuhan type) strain of SARS-CoV-2 and other newly emerged variants as well as the infections of SARS-CoV-2 virus spike-protein of WT and its mutants-mediated pseudotyped viruses . EGCG shows maximum inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection when the host cells are pre-incubated with the drug prior to viral infection. A sorbitol/lecithin-based throat spray containing concentrated green tea extract rich in EGCG content significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in oral mucosa. Several factors including degradation in gastrointestinal environment, low absorption in small intestine and extensive metabolism of EGCG are responsible for its poor bioavailability in humans. Pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies of EGCG in humans reveal poor bioavailability of EGCG in human plasma and EGCG-4"-sulfate is its major metabolite. The concentration of EGCG-4"-sulfate in human plasma is almost equivalent to that of free EGCG (Cmax 177.9 vs 233.5 nmol/L). These findings suggest that inhibition of sulfation of EGCG is a crucial factor for improvement of its bioavailability. In vitro study on the mechanism of EGCG sulfonation indicates that sulfotransferases, SULT1A1 and SULT1A3 are responsible for sulfonation in human liver and small intestine, respectively. Some attempts including structural modifications, and nanoformulations of EGCG and addition of nutrients with EGCG have been made to improve the bioavailability of EGCG. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that EGCG has strong antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection independent of viral strains (Wuhan type (WT), other variants) by inhibition of viral entry and replication in host cells in vitro models. EGCG may be useful in reduction of this viral load in salivary glands of COVID-19 patients, if it is applied in mouth and throat wash formulations in optimal concentrations. EGCG could be a promising candidate in the development of effective vaccine for prevention of the infections of newly emergent strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus. EGCG might be useful also as a clinical medicine for treatment of COVID-19 patients if its bioavailability in human plasma is enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799 022, India
| | - Subhajit Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Kamalpur Govt Degree College, Dhalai,Tripura, 799 285, India
| | - Manikarna Dinda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, VA, 22908, United States of America
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Alhafez M, Kheder F, Aljoubbeh M. Synthesis, antioxidant activity and antibacterial study of EGCG complexes with iron(III) ions. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Pan Y, Qin R, Hou M, Xue J, Zhou M, Xu L, Zhang Y. The interactions of polyphenols with Fe and their application in Fenton/Fenton-like reactions. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Concentration Dependence of Anti- and Pro-Oxidant Activity of Polyphenols as Evaluated with a Light-Emitting Fe2+-Egta-H2O2 System. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113453. [PMID: 35684391 PMCID: PMC9182469 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging and the regeneration of Fe2+ may inhibit or enhance peroxidative damage induced by a Fenton system, respectively. Plant polyphenols reveal the afore-mentioned activities, and their cumulative net effect may determine anti- or pro-oxidant actions. We investigated the influence of 17 phenolics on ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) from a modified Fenton system (92.6 µmol/L Fe2+, 185.2 µmol/L EGTA (ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl-ether)-N,N,N′,N,-tetraacetic acid) and 2.6 mmol/L H2O2 pH = 7.4). A total of 8 compounds inhibited (antioxidant effect), and 5 enhanced (pro-oxidant effect) UPE at all studied concentrations (5 to 50 µmol/L). A total of 4 compounds altered their activity from pro- to antioxidant (or vice versa) along with increasing concentrations. A total of 3 the most active of those (ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside; mean UPE enhancement by 63%, 5% and 445% at 5 µmol/L; mean UPE inhibition by 28%, 94% and 24% at 50 µmol/L, respectively) contained catechol or methoxyphenol structures that are associated with effective •OH scavenging and Fe2+ regeneration. Most likely, these structures can determine the bidirectional, concentration-dependent activity of some phenolics under stable in vitro conditions. This is because the concentrations of the studied compounds are close to those occurring in human fluids, and this phenomenon should be considered in the case of dietary supplementation with isolated phenolics.
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12
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Effect of Brewing Water on the Antioxidant Capacity of Green Tea Infusion with DPPH Assay. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7736117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brewing water plays a crucial role in flavor and potential healthy functions of tea infusion. In this study, seven water samples with different physicochemical properties were selected to brew green tea. Results showed that the brewing water with higher minerals level and pH value would reduce the yield of catechins in tea infusion, which in turn caused the decrease of antioxidant activity to a large extent. Besides, it was found that EGCG, as a major contributor to the antioxidant activity of green tea infusion, was influenced differently by different metal ions, among which Ca2+/Mg2+ could enhance the antioxidant activity of EGCG solutions with different concentration through synergistic effect, particularly Ca2+, and the effect was more markable at a higher EGCG concentration. These results offered theoretical direction to the selection of tea brewing water for consumers and gave a new sight to the effects of metal ions on the antioxidant capacity of EGCG.
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13
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Cruz L, Basílio N, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Pina F. Natural and Synthetic Flavylium-Based Dyes: The Chemistry Behind the Color. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1416-1481. [PMID: 34843220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Flavylium compounds are a well-known family of pigments because they are prevalent in the plant kingdom, contributing to colors over a wide range from shades of yellow-red to blue in fruits, flowers, leaves, and other plant parts. Flavylium compounds include a large variety of natural compound classes, namely, anthocyanins, 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, auronidins, and their respective aglycones as well as anthocyanin-derived pigments (e.g., pyranoanthocyanins, anthocyanin-flavan-3-ol dimers). During the past few decades, there has been increasing interest among chemists in synthesizing different flavylium compounds that mimic natural structures but with different substitution patterns that present a variety of spectroscopic characteristics in view of their applications in different industrial fields. This Review provides an overview of the chemistry of flavylium-based compounds, in particular, the synthetic and enzymatic approaches and mechanisms reported in the literature for obtaining different classes of pigments, their physical-chemical properties in relation to their pH-dependent equilibria network, and their chemical and enzymatic degradation. The development of flavylium-based systems is also described throughout this Review for emergent applications to explore some of the physical-chemical properties of the multistate of species generated by these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cruz
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Basílio
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Pina
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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14
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Kim J, Lee K, Nam YS. Metal-polyphenol Complexes as Versatile Building Blocks for Functional Biomaterials. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Frešer F, Hostnik G, Tošović J, Bren U. Dependence of the Fe(II)-Gallic Acid Coordination Compound Formation Constant on the pH. Foods 2021; 10:2689. [PMID: 34828967 PMCID: PMC8619179 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One important property of tannins involves their ability to form coordination compounds with metal ions, which is vital for the bioavailability of these ions, as well as for the antibacterial and antioxidative activities of tannins. In this study, the pH dependence of interactions between gallic acid, one of the basic building blocks of tannins, and Fe(II) ions, was investigated using UV/Vis spectroscopy, in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Moreover, two models were developed to explain the processes taking place in the solution. The first model treated the reaction as a simple bimolecular process while the second also considered the protolytic equilibrium, which was proven very successful in discerning the pH dependence of formation constants, and whose assumptions were well supported by DFT calculations. We showed that the two-time deprotonated gallic acid species forms the coordination compound with Fe(II) ions in a 1:1 molar ratio. To gain better insight into the process, the coordination compound formation was also studied using various DFT functionals, which further supported the model results. Furthermore, due to the relatively low sample amounts needed, the methodology developed here will be useful to study compounds that are more difficult to isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franjo Frešer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (F.F.); (G.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Gregor Hostnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (F.F.); (G.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Jelena Tošović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (F.F.); (G.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (F.F.); (G.H.); (J.T.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
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16
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Chen X, Man GCW, Hung SW, Zhang T, Fung LWY, Cheung CW, Chung JPW, Li TC, Wang CC. Therapeutic effects of green tea on endometriosis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34620005 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1986465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. It affects 8%-10% of women in their reproductive years, and represents a major clinical problem with deleterious social, sexual and reproductive consequences. Current treatment options include pain relief, hormonal intervention and surgical removal. However, these treatments are deemed unsatisfactory owing to varying success, significant side effects and high recurrence rates. Green tea and its major bioactive component, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), possess diverse biological properties, particularly anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, and apoptosis induction. In recent years, preclinical studies have proposed the use of green tea to inhibit the growth of endometriosis. Herein, the aim of this review is to summarize the potential therapeutic effects of green tea on molecular and cellular mechanism through inflammation, oxidative stress, invasion and adhesion, apoptosis and angiogenesis in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Gene Chi Wai Man
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Linda Wen Ying Fung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Wai Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences; Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences; Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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An Iron Shield to Protect Epigallocatehin-3-Gallate from Degradation: Multifunctional Self-Assembled Iron Oxide Nanocarrier Enhances Protein Kinase CK2 Intracellular Targeting and Inhibition. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081266. [PMID: 34452227 PMCID: PMC8402011 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 is largely involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis and is generally recognized as an Achilles’ heel of cancer, being overexpressed in several malignancies. The beneficial effects of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, including cancer, have been widely reported. However, poor stability and limited bioavailability hinder the development of EGCG as an effective therapeutic agent. The combination of innovative nanomaterials and bioactive compounds into nanoparticle-based systems demonstrates the synergistic advantages of nanocomplexes as compared to the individual components. In the present study, we developed a self-assembled core-shell nanohybrid (SAMN@EGCG) combining EGCG and intrinsic dual-signal iron oxide nanoparticles (Surface Active Maghemite Nanoparticles). Interestingly, nano-immobilization on SAMNs protects EGCG from degradation, preventing its auto-oxidation. Most importantly, the nanohybrid was able to successfully deliver EGCG into cancer cells, displaying impressive protein kinase CK2 inhibition comparable to that obtained with the most specific CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945 (5.5 vs. 3 µM), thus promoting the phytochemical exploitation as a valuable alternative for cancer therapy. Finally, to assess the advantages offered by nano-immobilization, we tested SAMN@EGCG against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium involved in severe lung infections. An improved antimicrobial effect with a drastic drop of MIC from 500 to 32.7 μM was shown.
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Zwolak I. Epigallocatechin Gallate for Management of Heavy Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms of Action, Efficacy, and Concerns. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4027. [PMID: 33919748 PMCID: PMC8070748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against toxicities induced by heavy metals (HMs). This most active green tea polyphenol was demonstrated to reduce HM toxicity in such cells and tissues as testis, liver, kidney, and neural cells. Several protective mechanisms that seem to play a pivotal role in EGCG-induced effects, including reactive oxygen species scavenging, HM chelation, activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), anti-inflammatory effects, and protection of mitochondria, are described. However, some studies, especially in vitro experiments, reported potentiation of harmful HM actions in the presence of EGCG. The adverse impact of EGCG on HM toxicity may be explained by such events as autooxidation of EGCG, EGCG-mediated iron (Fe3+) reduction, depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, and disruption of mitochondrial functions. Furthermore, challenges hampering the potential EGCG application related to its low bioavailability and proper dosing are also discussed. Overall, in this review, we point out insights into mechanisms that might account for both the beneficial and adverse effects of EGCG in HM poisoning, which may have a bearing on the design of new therapeutics for HM intoxication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Zwolak
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów Ave. 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
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19
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Wu Z, Su X, Lin Z, Khan NI, Owens G, Chen Z. Removal of As(V) by iron-based nanoparticles synthesized via the complexation of biomolecules in green tea extracts and an iron salt. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142883. [PMID: 33121781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
While iron-based nanoparticles (nFe) prepared using green tea extracts have been successfully used to degrade many organic contaminants, their application to remove As(V) remains limited. Thus, in this work, nFe (GT-1) prepared using a green tea extract was used to removal As(V). The maximum adsorption capacity of GT-1 for As(V) was 19.9 mg g-1 at 298 K. The formation of GT-1 and the removal mechanism of As(V) by GT-1, was examined using XRD, TEM and SEM, which showed that GT-1 was composed of amorphous particulates sized between 50 and 100 nm. GC-MS and LC-MS analysis also showed that biomolecules presented in the green tea extract, including polyphenols and L-theanine, participated in the formation of GT-1. Mössbauer spectral analysis confirmed that an organo-Fe(III) complex was formed due to the reaction between biomolecules and Fe(III). FTIR and XPS showed that the adsorption of As(V) by GT-1 occurred both via complexation with Fe(III) in GT-1 and via coordination of As(V) with free hydroxyl groups on the surface of GT-1. Batch experiments showed that adsorption was spontaneous and conformed to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Finally, mechanisms for the formation of GT-1 and the removal of As (V) by GT-1 were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China; Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaobao Su
- Fujian Polytechnic of Information Technology, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Nasreen Islam Khan
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australian, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Gary Owens
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australian, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Zuliang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China; Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australian, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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20
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Lee H, Kim JH, Park HJ, Kang JC. Toxic effects of dietary copper and EGCG on bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzyme and immune response of Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 111:119-126. [PMID: 33503474 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There are few reports of dietary Cu (copper) toxicity to Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, and little is known about recovery from dietary Cu exposure. In this study, P. fulvidraco (mean length 16.9 ± 1.38 cm, and mean weight 53.2 ± 1.22 g) were exposed for 4 weeks to dietary Cu concentration of 0 (control), 700, 900, and 1100 mg Cu kg-1 dry feed to establish maximum tolerable levels of dietary Cu. All fish were then fed the dietary EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate) concentration of 100 and 500 mg EGCG kg-1 dry feed for a further 2 weeks to assess recovery. We were measured bioaccumulation (in the intestine, liver, and gill tissue), antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and immune responses (lysozyme and phagocytosis). The Cu exposure induced a significant accumulation in the intestine, liver, and gill tissues and the highest accumulation was observed in intestinal tissues (17-34 fold), but dietary EGCG exposure decreased (about 0.8-fold) Cu concentration in each tissue (ANOVA, P < 0.05). In antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT significantly increased by approximately 1.6-fold by dietary Cu exposure in the liver and gill tissue, respectively, but dietary EGCG exposure decreased SOD and CAT by about 1.1-fold, respectively (ANOVA, P < 0.05). For immune responses, lysozyme and phagocytosis in the blood significantly were decreased by approximately 1.5-fold, respectively, by dietary Cu exposure, but dietary EGCG exposure increased lysozyme and phagocytosis by about 1.1-fold, respectively (ANOVA, P < 0.05). During recovery period, bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT activity), and immune response (lysozyme and phagocytosis activity) tended to alleviate the significant changes by Cu exposure, and the tendency to return normal state was observed in high level of EGCG. The result of this study indicate that Cu exposure to P. fulvidraco affects bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzymes, and immune responses, and high level of EGCG were effective to alleviate the toxic effects of Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisu Lee
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, Republic of Korea; Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Assn-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Chitosan Activated with Genipin: A Nontoxic Natural Carrier for Tannase Immobilization and Its Application in Enhancing Biological Activities of Tea Extract. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030166. [PMID: 33808933 PMCID: PMC8003703 DOI: 10.3390/md19030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a non-toxic chitosan-based carrier was constructed via genipin activation and applied for the immobilization of tannase. The immobilization carriers and immobilized tannase were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Activation conditions (genipin concentration, activation temperature, activation pH and activation time) and immobilizations conditions (enzyme amount, immobilization time, immobilization temperature, immobilization pH, and shaking speed) were optimized. The activity and activity recovery rate of the immobilized tannase prepared using optimal activation and immobilization conditions reached 29.2 U/g and 53.6%, respectively. The immobilized tannase exhibited better environmental adaptability and stability. The immobilized tannase retained 20.1% of the initial activity after 12 cycles and retained 81.12% of residual activity after 30 days storage. The catechins composition analysis of tea extract indicated that the concentration of non-ester-type catechins, EGC and EC, were increased by 1758% and 807% after enzymatic treatment. Biological activity studies of tea extract revealed that tea extract treated with the immobilized tannase possessed higher antioxidant activity, higher inhibitory effect on α-amylase, and lower inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase. Our results demonstrate that chitosan activated with genipin could be an effective non-toxic carrier for tannase immobilization and enhancing biological activities of tea extract.
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22
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Wu SC, Wang CW, Hsu LH, Liang C. Assessment of green tea reductive degradation of halogenated solvents. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:129196. [PMID: 33340881 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Green tea (GT) leaves can be brewed into a solution rich in polyphenols that serve as effective reducing agents, and the complexes formed by combining green tea with ferrous ion (GT/Fe(II)) can provide an elevated reduction potential. The dissociated GT polyphenols at alkaline pH can dramatically increase the formation of GT/Fe(II) complexes. This experimental work evaluated the reductive reactivity of alkaline GT solution and GT/Fe(II) complexes (at pH 10) on 14 halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Carbon tetrachloride (CT), with a highest carbon oxidation state (COS) of IV, was observed to be degradable by the alkaline GT solution, while all others proved ineffective. The GT/Fe(II) complexes are very reactive and capable of degrading halogenated methanes, ethanes, and ethenes, in which chemical structures exhibit zero or positive COS values, and the chlorine or bromine atom is bonded at the saturated carbon atom, such as CT, chloroform, bromoform, dibromomethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane. The linear free energy relationship (LFER) approach was used to determine the overall reduction potentials (EH0) of the alkaline GT solution and GT/Fe(II) complexes, which were found to be -0.131 V and -0.368 V, respectively. These findings demonstrated that GT/Fe(II) complexes exhibit the potential to remediate halogenated contaminants and the EH0 information obtained in this study may serve as a reference in determining probable reactivity that contributes to degradation of environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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23
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Ramli NZ, Yahaya MF, Tooyama I, Damanhuri HA. A Mechanistic Evaluation of Antioxidant Nutraceuticals on Their Potential against Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1019. [PMID: 33092139 PMCID: PMC7588884 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have been extensively studied worldwide due to its neuroprotective effects in in vivo and in vitro studies, attributed by the antioxidative properties. Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are the two main neurodegenerative disorders that are discussed in this review. Both AD and PD share the similar involvement of oxidative stress in their pathophysiology. Nutraceuticals exert their antioxidative effects via direct scavenging of free radicals, prevent damage to biomolecules, indirectly stimulate the endogenous antioxidative enzymes and gene expressions, inhibit activation of pro-oxidant enzymes, and chelate metals. In addition, nutraceuticals can act as modulators of pro-survival, pro-apoptotic, and inflammatory signaling pathways. They have been shown to be effective particularly in preclinical stages, due to their multiple mechanisms of action in attenuating oxidative stress underlying AD and PD. Natural antioxidants from food sources and natural products such as resveratrol, curcumin, green tea polyphenols, and vitamin E are promising therapeutic agents in oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative disease as they have fewer adverse effects, more tolerable, cheaper, and sustainable for long term consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Zuliani Ramli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Seta Tsukinowacho, Otsu 520-2192, Shiga, Japan;
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Fang W, Peng ZL, Dai YJ, Wang DL, Huang P, Huang HP. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated realgar nanoparticles exhibit enhanced anticancer therapeutic efficacy against acute promyelocytic leukemia. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:1058-1067. [PMID: 31735064 PMCID: PMC6882473 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1672830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Realgar and (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are natural medicines that inhibit cancer cell growth, resulting in inhibition of formation and development of tumors. The anticancer effects of realgar and EGCG were greatly improved following formulation as nanoparticles. EGCG has received increased attention as a drug carrier. The aim of this study was to prepare a new nanomedicine, (EGCG-RNPs), in which encapsulated nano-realgar. EGCG-RNPs were prepared by coprecipitation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle size and zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and in vitro release. Furthermore, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of EGCG-RNPs on HL-60 cells in vitro, antitumor effect by intratumoral injection of EGCG-RNPs into solid tumors derived from APL HL-60 cells in vivo. Possible mechanisms were evaluated using uptake and efflux experiments in HL-60 cells. The results showed that the average particle size and zeta potentials of EGCG-RNPs was 200.3 ± 1.23 nm and −46.8 ± 1.31 mV. Controlled release of EGCG-RNPs was sustained and continued up to 72 h in vitro. Compared with nano-realgar and EGCG + RNPs (EGCG and nano-realgar physical mixing), EGCG-RNPs significantly inhibited growth of HL-60 cells. In a solid tumor model, EGCG-RNPs decreased tumor volumes, with an inhibitory rate of 60.18% at a dose of 70 mg · kg−1. The mechanisms of antitumor improvement may correlate with the increased uptake of realgar and prolonged the retention time of realgar in HL-60 cells due to EGCG as a carrier. EGCG-RNPs could enhance anticancer therapeutic efficacy for acute promyelocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- The College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhao Liang Peng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, ShangHai, China
| | - Ya Ji Dai
- Anhui Second People's Hospital, HeFei, Anhui, China
| | - Dian Lei Wang
- The College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Huang
- The College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - He Ping Huang
- The College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Management of Iron Overload in Resource Poor Nations: A Systematic Review of Phlebotomy and Natural Chelators. J Toxicol 2020; 2020:4084538. [PMID: 32399029 PMCID: PMC7204175 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4084538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element and the most abundant trace metal in the body involved in oxygen transport and oxygen sensing, electron transfer, energy metabolism, and DNA synthesis. Excess labile and unchelated iron can catalyze the formation of tissue-damaging radicals and induce oxidative stress. English abstracts were identified in PubMed and Google Scholar using multiple and various search terms based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Full-length articles were selected for systematic review, and secondary and tertiary references were developed. Although bloodletting or phlebotomy remains the gold standard in the management of iron overload, this systematic review is an updated account of the pitfalls of phlebotomy and classical synthetic chelators with scientific justification for the use of natural iron chelators of dietary origin in resource-poor nations.
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26
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Wang CW, Chang SC, Liang C. Persistent organic pollutant lindane degradation by alkaline cold-brew green tea. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 232:281-286. [PMID: 31154189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The environmental persistence of hazardous organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) such as lindane has resulted in a need for the development of reliable remediation technology for the removal of OCPs. Green tea extract/Fe2+ under alkaline conditions is a potential green chemistry technology proven to be effective in reducing lindane. This study investigated the feasibility of directly using green tea leaves (GT-leaf) or cold-brew tea solution (GT-sol) with Fe2+ additives at (bi)carbonate buffered pH 10 to treat lindane in the aqueous phase. The polyphenol was gradually released in the GT-leaf system and reached a similar concentration as that in the GT-sol system (∼800 mg L-1 at pH 6.5). Based on the analytical results of lindane degradation byproducts, it was recognized that the reductive mechanism acts as a major pathway and alkaline hydrolysis is a minor pathway. However, physical adsorption rapidly removes lindane from the GT-leaf system. A comprehensive evaluation of lindane degradation, chlorobenzene formation, degradation kinetics, and chloride liberation were conducted for the alkaline GT-sol/Fe2+ system. The nonlinear simulations of the models developed showed good fits, with R2 > 0.96. This study highlights the potential for GT-sol/Fe2+ systems to remediate OCPs contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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27
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Wang Y, Chen SY, Yang X, Wu Y, Huang XF, He EK, Qiu RL, Wang S. Enhanced removal of Cr(VI) in the Fe(III)/natural polyphenols system: role of the in situ generated Fe(II). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:321-329. [PMID: 31173982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a cost-effective and eco-friendly method by coupling plant extracts (take green tea for example) and Fe(III) to reduce Cr(VI) and precipitate Cr(III). At acidic pH, 1.43 mM Fe(III) combined with 1.33 g/L green tea extracts could reduce 93% of Cr(VI) in 180 min, which was much larger than ˜50% by green tea extracts alone. Moreover, 52% of Cr(III) could automatically precipitate out as mixed Fe(III)-Cr(III) (oxy)-hydroxide solids. In the viewpoint of mechanism, polyphenols in green tea extracts were the reactive constituents and transformed Fe(III) to Fe(II), by which step the aqueous Fe(II) level was maintained to continuously reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and thus accelerating Cr(VI) reduction. The generated Fe(III) partially participated in the reaction with polyphenols again and some Fe(III) formed precipitates with Cr(III). Overall, the electron transfers in the polyphenol-Fe-Cr cyclic reactions made Fe(III) used for multiple times, thus accelerated Cr(VI) reduction. The applicability of the combined process was further verified by removing 100% and 70% of Cr(VI) from electroplating wastewater and contaminated soil, respectively. As polyphenols can be derived from plant wastes and Fe(III) is naturally abundant, this study provides a promising method for in situ remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Si-Yuan Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yingxin Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Er-Kai He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Complex of EGCG with Cu(II) Suppresses Amyloid Aggregation and Cu(II)-Induced Cytotoxicity of α-Synuclein. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162940. [PMID: 31416122 PMCID: PMC6719089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is a remarkable pathology for Parkinson’s disease (PD), therefore clearing it is possibly a promising strategy for treating PD. Aberrant copper (Cu(II)) homeostasis and oxidative stress play critical roles in the abnormal aggregation of α-Syn in the progress of PD. It is reported that the polyphenol (−)-epi-gallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can inhibit α-Syn fibrillation and aggregation, disaggregate α-Syn mature fibrils, as well as protect α-Syn overexpressed-PC12 cells against damage. Also, previous studies have reported that EGCG can chelate many divalent metal ions. What we investigate here is whether EGCG can interfere with the Cu(II) induced fibrillation of α-Syn and protect the cell viability. In this work, on a molecular and cellulaire basis, we demonstrated that EGCG can form a Cu(II)/EGCG complex, leading to the inhibition of Cu(II)-induced conformation transition of α-Syn from random coil to β-sheet, which is a dominant structure in α-Syn fibrils and aggregates. Moreover, we found that the mixture of Cu(II) and EGCG in a molar ratio from 0.5 to 2 can efficiently inhibit this process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in the α-Syn transduced-PC12 cells, EGCG can inhibit the overexpression and fibrillation of α-Syn in the cells, and reduce Cu(II)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting the cells against Cu(II)-mediated toxicity.
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García FE, Senn AM, Meichtry JM, Scott TB, Pullin H, Leyva AG, Halac EB, Ramos CP, Sacanell J, Mizrahi M, Requejo FG, Litter MI. Iron-based nanoparticles prepared from yerba mate extract. Synthesis, characterization and use on chromium removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 235:1-8. [PMID: 30669088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based nanoparticles were synthesized by a rapid method at room temperature using yerba mate (YM) extracts with FeCl3 in different proportions. Materials prepared from green tea (GT) extracts were also synthesized for comparison. These materials were thoroughly characterized by chemical analyses, XRD, magnetization, SEM-EDS, TEM-SAED, FTIR, UV-Vis, Raman, Mössbauer and XANES spectroscopies, and BET area analysis. It was concluded that the products are nonmagnetic iron complexes of the components of the extracts. The applicability of the materials for Cr(VI) (300 μM) removal from aqueous solutions at pH 3 using two Cr(VI):Fe molar ratios (MR), 1:3 and 1:0.5, has been tested. At Cr(VI):Fe MR = 1:3, the best YM materials gave complete Cr(VI) removal after two minutes of contact, similar to that obtained with commercial nanoscale zerovalent iron (N25), with dissolved Fe(II), and with a likewise prepared GT material. At a lower Cr(VI):Fe MR (1:0.5), although Cr(VI) removal was not complete after 20 min of reaction, the YM nanoparticles were more efficient than N25, GT nanoparticles and Fe(II) in solution. The results suggest that an optimal Cr(VI):Fe MR ratio could be reached when using the new YM nanoparticles, able to achieve a complete Cr(VI) reduction, and leaving very low Cr and Fe concentrations in the treated solutions. The rapid preparation of the nanoparticles would allow their use in removal of pollutants in soils and groundwater by direct injection of the mixture of precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana E García
- Gerencia Química, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro M Senn
- Gerencia Química, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz, 2290, 1425, CABA, Argentina
| | - Jorge M Meichtry
- Gerencia Química, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz, 2290, 1425, CABA, Argentina
| | - Thomas B Scott
- Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Pullin
- School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Ana G Leyva
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Gerencia de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Martín de Irigoyen 3100, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN), CNEA-CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilia B Halac
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Gerencia de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Martín de Irigoyen 3100, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinthia P Ramos
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz, 2290, 1425, CABA, Argentina; Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Gerencia de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN), CNEA-CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joaquín Sacanell
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Gerencia de Investigaciones y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (INN), CNEA-CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Mizrahi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET and Dto. Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Diag. 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Félix G Requejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET and Dto. Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Diag. 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marta I Litter
- Gerencia Química, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz, 2290, 1425, CABA, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, Campus Miguelete, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650, San Martín, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Rousseau S, Kyomugasho C, Celus M, Hendrickx MEG, Grauwet T. Barriers impairing mineral bioaccessibility and bioavailability in plant-based foods and the perspectives for food processing. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:826-843. [PMID: 30632768 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1552243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based foods gain more importance since they play a key role in sustainable, low-meat and healthy diets. In developing countries, these food products, especially legumes and cereals, are important staple foods. Nevertheless, the question arises on how efficient they are to deliver minerals and if it is useful to encourage their consumption to reduce the prevalence of mineral deficiencies? This review paper focuses on the discrepancy between the mineral content and the amount of minerals that can be released and absorbed from plant-based foods during human digestion which can be attributed to several inherent factors such as the presence of mineral antinutrients (phytic acid, polyphenols and dietary fiber) and physical barriers (surrounding macronutrients and cell wall). Further, this review paper summarizes the effects of different processing techniques (milling, soaking, dehulling, fermentation, germination and thermal processing) on mineral bioaccessibility and bioavailability of plant-based foods. The positive impact of these techniques mostly relies on the fact that antinutrients levels are reduced due to removal of fractions rich in antinutrients and/or due to their leaching into the processing liquid. Although processing can have a positive effect, it also can induce leaching out of minerals and a reduced mineral bioaccessibility and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Rousseau
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Clare Kyomugasho
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miete Celus
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc E G Hendrickx
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tara Grauwet
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Grzesik M, Bartosz G, Dziedzic A, Narog D, Namiesnik J, Sadowska-Bartosz I. Antioxidant properties of ferrous flavanol mixtures. Food Chem 2018; 268:567-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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A Corylus avellana L. extract enhances human macrophage bactericidal response against Staphylococcus aureus by increasing the expression of anti-inflammatory and iron metabolism genes. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Kinetics of complex formation of Fe(III) with syringic acid: Experimental and theoretical study. Food Chem 2018; 265:96-100. [PMID: 29884401 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic study on the complexation of syringic acid with Fe(III) was described in aqueous solution at pH 9.0 together with a reappraisal of spectral evidence for chelate formation. The complexation reaction was found to be a first-order with rate constants for k1 (formation) 3.67 × 10-2 min-1. Additionally, the effect of concentration and temperature on the complexation reaction was investigated. The gustatory properties of the isolated complex were investigated and complex showed no metallic taste. The isolated complex was stable at pH 9.0. The apparent activation energy of the complexation reaction was evaluated to be 168 kcal/mol. The total iron content was determined in the isolated complex by AAS technique and was found 0.0073/100 ml. The specific rotation of the complex was found at -85°.
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Wang X, Li X, Liang X, Liang J, Zhang C, Yang J, Wang C, Kong D, Sun H. ROS-responsive capsules engineered from green tea polyphenol–metal networks for anticancer drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1000-1010. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02688a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocapsules for cancer drug delivery were engineered from green tea polyphenol–metal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Xuanling Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Jiayi Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
| | - Hongfan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin 300192
- China
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35
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Application of non-invasive low strength pulsed electric field to EGCG treatment synergistically enhanced the inhibition effect on PANC-1 cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188885. [PMID: 29186186 PMCID: PMC5706709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional therapies for pancreatic cancer are usually expensive and likely to cause side effects, and most patients have the risk of recurrence and suffering pain. Here, we investigated combination treatment of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and non-invasive low strength pulsed electric field (PEF) on the human pancreatic cell line PANC-1. Cells were cultured in various concentrations of EGCG and exposed to trains of PEF. The results showed that the low strength PEF alone or single treatment with low concentration of EGCG did not obviously affect the cell proliferation and migration in PANC-1. However, the EGCG-induced inhibitions of cell viability and migration ability in PANC-1 were dramatically enhanced by the further exposure of low strength PEF (60 V/cm). In particular, the same combination treatment caused less inhibition of cell viability in non-malignant HEK293 cells. We also found the combination treatment significantly decreased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax protein and increased caspase activity in PANC-1 cells, resulting in the promotion of apoptotic responses, evidenced by chromatin condensation. The findings of the present study reveal the synergistic reactions in the combination treatment may severely disturb mitochondria, enhance the intrinsic pathway transduction, and effectively induce apoptosis; moreover, the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cancer cells were also significantly suppressed. Since normal cells are less sensitive to this combination treatment, and the non-invasive PEF could be modified to focus on a specific location, this treatment may serve as a promising method for anti-cancer therapy.
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36
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Manquián-Cerda K, Cruces E, Angélica Rubio M, Reyes C, Arancibia-Miranda N. Preparation of nanoscale iron (oxide, oxyhydroxides and zero-valent) particles derived from blueberries: Reactivity, characterization and removal mechanism of arsenate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:69-77. [PMID: 28708983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The application of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) to the removal of various pollutants has received wide attention over the last few decades. A synthesis alternative to obtain these nanoparticles without using harmful chemical reagents, such as NaBH4, is the use of extracts from different natural sources that allow a lesser degree of agglomeration, in a process known as green synthesis. In this study, FeNPs were synthesized by 'green' (hereafter, BB-Fe NPs) and 'chemical' (hereafter, nZVI) methods. Extracts of leaves and blueberry shoots (Vaccinium corymbosum) were used as reducing agents for FeCl3·6H2O solution in the green synthesis method. FeNPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrophoretic migration, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and evaluated for the removal of As(V) from aqueous systems. In both synthesis methods, XRD analysis confirmed the presence of the different kinds of iron nanoparticles. SEM analysis showed that the average size of BB-Fe NPs was 52.4nm and that a variety of nanoparticles of different forms and associated structures, such as lepidocrocite, magnetite, and nZVI, were present, while the dimensions of nZVI were 80.2nm. Comparatively significant differences regarding the electrophoretic mobility were found between both materials pre- and post-sorption of As(V). The velocity of As(V) removal by BB-Fe NPs was slower than that by nZVI, reaching equilibrium at 120min compared to 60min for nZVI. The removal kinetics of As(V) were adequately described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the maximum adsorbed amounts of this analyte are in close accordance with the experimental results. The Langmuir-Freundlich model is in good agreement with our experimental data, where the sorption capacity of nZVI and BB-Fe NPs was found to be 52.23 ± 6.06 and 50.40 ± 5.90 (mg·g-1), respectively. The use of leaves of Vaccinium corymbosum affords an easy-to-synthesize, low-cost, and eco-friendly material with capabilities similar to nZVI. BB-Fe NPs are promising for arsenic remediation, which has emerged as a new alternative for water purification and sanitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Manquián-Cerda
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O'Higgins, 363, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Edgardo Cruces
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Angélica Rubio
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O'Higgins, 363, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Reyes
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O'Higgins, 363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Arancibia-Miranda
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. B. O'Higgins, 363, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124, Santiago, Chile
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Zhao J, Xu L, Liang Q, Sun Q, Chen C, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Zhou P. Metal chelator EGCG attenuates Fe(III)-induced conformational transition of α-synuclein and protects AS-PC12 cells against Fe(III)-induced death. J Neurochem 2017; 143:136-146. [PMID: 28792609 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fibrillation and aggregation of α-synuclein (AS), along with the conformational transition from random coil to β-sheet, are the critical steps in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is acknowledged that iron accumulation in the brain may lead to the fibrillation of AS. However, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, chelate metal ions, and inhibit the fibrillation of amyloid proteins. Therefore, EGCG is warranted to be investigated for its potential to cure amyloid-related diseases. In the present work, we sought to study the effects of EGCG on Fe(III)-induced fibrillation of AS on both molecular and cellular levels. We demonstrate that Fe(III) interacts with the amino residue of Tyr and Ala of AS, then accelerates the fibrillation of AS, and increases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the AS transduced-PC12 cells (AS-PC12 cells). However, EGCG significantly inhibits this process by chelating Fe(III) and protects AS-PC12 cells against the toxicity induced by ROS and β-sheet-enriched AS fibrils. These findings yield useful information that EGCG might be a promising drug to prevent and treat the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihui Xu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingnan Liang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congheng Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Therapeutic Potential of Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanodelivery Systems. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5813793. [PMID: 28791306 PMCID: PMC5534279 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5813793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the society is facing a large health problem with the rising of new diseases, including cancer, heart diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity. Thus, it is important to invest in substances that enhance the health of the population. In this context, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a flavonoid found in many plants, especially in tea. Several studies support the notion that EGCG has several benefits in fighting cancer, heart diseases, diabetes, and obesity, among others. Nevertheless, the poor intestinal absorbance and instability of EGCG constitute the main drawback to use this molecule in prevention and therapy. The encapsulation of EGCG in nanocarriers leads to its enhanced stability and higher therapeutic effects. A comprehensive review of studies currently available on the encapsulation of EGCG by means of nanocarriers will be addressed.
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Hart JJ, Tako E, Glahn RP. Characterization of Polyphenol Effects on Inhibition and Promotion of Iron Uptake by Caco-2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3285-3294. [PMID: 28361541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds present in the seed coat of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are known to act collectively as inhibitors of iron bioavailability. Recent research identified specific polyphenols as being potent Fe uptake inhibitors. That research also identified other polyphenols as being promoters of Fe uptake. The present study extends that work using a Caco-2 cell model to characterize the effects of 43 additional polyphenols on Fe uptake. In addition, this study indicates that the inhibitory compounds have a more potent effect that outweighs the ability of promoting compounds to increase Fe uptake. For example, a ratio of 100:0 epicatechin (a promoter)/myricetin (an inhibitor) produced 78.5 ± 6.7 ng ferritin/mg protein, 90:10 yielded 27.4 ± 3.0, 50:50 yielded 3.42 ± 0.54, and 0:100 yielded 2.26 ± 0.25 ng ferritin/mg protein. A simulation of the relative concentrations of eight major polyphenols (four inhibitors, four promoters) present in a sample of black bean seed coats demonstrated that most of the inhibitory compounds would need to be removed to reduce the negative effect on Fe uptake. In vivo studies are now warranted to confirm the above in vitro effects. Such work would be significant as other bean color classes exist that are likely to have polyphenolic profiles that are more favorable to Fe bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hart
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Elad Tako
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Raymond P Glahn
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Chrysochoou M, Reeves K. Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium by Green Tea Polyphenols and Green Tea Nano Zero-Valent Iron (GT-nZVI). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:353-358. [PMID: 27510992 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the direct reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] by green tea polyphenols, including a green tea solution and pure epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) solution. A linear trend was observed between the amount of reduced Cr(VI) and the amount of added polyphenols. The green tea solution showed a continued decrease in the observed stoichiometry with increasing pH, from a maximum of 1.4 mol per gallic acid equivalent (GAE) of green tea at pH 2.5, to 0.2 mol/GAE at pH 8.8. The EGCG solution exhibited different behavior, with a maximum stoichiometry of 2 at pH 7 and minimum of 1.6 at pH 4.4 and 8.9. When green tea was used to first react with Fe3+ and form GT-nZVI, the amount of Cr(VI) reduced by a certain volume of GT-nZVI was double compared to green tea, and 6 times as high considering that GT-nZVI only contains 33 % green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chrysochoou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Road Unit 3037, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - K Reeves
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Road Unit 3037, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Alpha-synuclein and iron: two keys unlocking Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:973-981. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Singh NA, Mandal AKA, Khan ZA. Potential neuroprotective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Nutr J 2016; 15:60. [PMID: 27268025 PMCID: PMC4897892 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) enforce an overwhelming social and economic burden on society. They are primarily characterized through the accumulation of modified proteins, which further trigger biological responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity and modulation of signalling pathways. In a hope for cure, these diseases have been studied extensively over the last decade to successfully develop symptom-oriented therapies. However, so far no definite cure has been found. Therefore, there is a need to identify a class of drug capable of reversing neural damage and preventing further neural death. This review therefore assesses the reliability of the neuroprotective benefits of epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) by shedding light on their biological, pharmacological, antioxidant and metal chelation properties, with emphasis on their ability to invoke a range of cellular mechanisms in the brain. It also discusses the possible use of nanotechnology to enhance the neuroprotective benefits of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Atulkumar Singh
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abul Kalam Azad Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zaved Ahmed Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research, Adesh University, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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Xu L, Tu S, Chen C, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhou P. Effect of EGCG On Fe(III)-induced conformational transition of silk fibroin, a model of protein related to neurodegenerative diseases. Biopolymers 2015; 105:100-107. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Xu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sidong Tu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Congheng Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medicine; St Vincent's Hospital, the University of Melbourne; Fitzroy Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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Hart JJ, Tako E, Kochian LV, Glahn RP. Identification of Black Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Polyphenols That Inhibit and Promote Iron Uptake by Caco-2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5950-6. [PMID: 26044037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In nutritional studies, polyphenolic compounds are considered to be inhibitors of Fe bioavailability. Because they are presumed to act in a similar manner, total polyphenols are commonly measured via the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay. This study measured the content of polyphenolic compounds in white and black beans and examined the effect of individual polyphenols on iron uptake by Caco-2 cells. Analysis of seed coat extracts by LC-MS revealed the presence of a range of polyphenols in black bean, but no detectable polyphenols in white bean. Extracts from black bean seed coats strongly inhibited iron uptake. Examination of the eight most abundant black bean seed coat, non-anthocyanin polyphenols via Caco-2 cell assays showed that four (catechin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, kaempferol, and kaempferol 3-glucoside) clearly promoted iron uptake and four (myricetin, myricetin 3-glucoside, quercetin, and quercetin 3-glucoside) inhibited iron uptake. The four inhibitors were present in 3-fold higher total concentration than the promoters (143 ± 7.2 vs 43.6 ± 4.4 μM), consistent with the net inhibitory effect observed for black bean seed coats. The ability of some polyphenols to promote iron uptake and the identification of specific polyphenols that inhibit Fe uptake suggest a potential for breeding bean lines with improved iron nutritional qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hart
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Elad Tako
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Raymond P Glahn
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Leba LJ, Brunschwig C, Saout M, Martial K, Vulcain E, Bereau D, Robinson JC. Optimization of a DNA nicking assay to evaluate Oenocarpus bataua and Camellia sinensis antioxidant capacity. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18023-39. [PMID: 25302614 PMCID: PMC4227202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at assessing the DNA damage protective activity of different types of extracts (aqueous, methanolic and acetonic) using an in vitro DNA nicking assay. Several parameters were optimized using the pUC18 plasmid, especially FeSO4, EDTA, solvent concentrations and incubation time. Special attention has been paid to removing the protective and damaging effect of the solvent and FeSO4 respectively, as well as to identifying the relevant positive and negative controls. For each solvent, the optimal conditions were determined: (i) for aqueous extracts, 0.33 mM of FeSO4 and 0.62 mM of EDTA were incubated for 20 min at 37 °C; (ii) for acetone extracts, 1.16% solvent were incubated for 15 min at 37 °C with 1.3 mM of FeSO4 and 2.5 mM of EDTA and (iii) for methanol extracts, 0.16% solvent, were incubated for 1.5 h at 37 °C with 0.33 mM of FeSO4 and 0.62 mM of EDTA. Using the optimized conditions, the DNA damage protective activity of aqueous, methanolic and acetonic extracts of an Amazonian palm berry (Oenocarpus bataua) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) was assessed. Aqueous and acetonic Oenocarpus bataua extracts were protective against DNA damage, whereas aqueous, methanolic and acetonic extracts of Camellia sinensis extracts induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Jérôme Leba
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Christel Brunschwig
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Mona Saout
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Karine Martial
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Vulcain
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Didier Bereau
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
| | - Jean-Charles Robinson
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France.
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Jiang W, Lai K, Liu K, Xia R, Gao F, Wu Y, Gu Z. "Green" functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles via tea polyphenol for magnetic resonance/fluorescent dual-imaging. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:1305-1310. [PMID: 24336977 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tea polyphenol serves as an environmentally friendly ligand-exchange molecule to synthesize multifunctional metal-doped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles via a catechol-metal coordination interaction. The resultant particles not only exhibit excellent hydrophilicity and protein adsorption resistance, but also are applicable as magnetic resonance/fluorescent dual-imaging probes due to their high T₂ relaxivity, autofluorescence and large cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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Ananingsih VK, Sharma A, Zhou W. Green tea catechins during food processing and storage: A review on stability and detection. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ahmmad B, Leonard K, Shariful Islam M, Kurawaki J, Muruganandham M, Ohkubo T, Kuroda Y. Green synthesis of mesoporous hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ji X, Huang L, Lin Q, Huang H. Characteristics and kinetics of iron release from the ferritin under the EGCG reduction. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 146:134-40. [PMID: 21984405 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of iron release from ferritin in vivo is still unclear even though it represents a key step of the metabolism of iron in vivo. Here, both interaction intensity and binding stability between epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from tea and liver ferritin of Dasyatis akajei (DALF) were investigated using UV-visible, fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectrometry, respectively. The results indicated that EGCG could reduce the iron within the ferritin shell directly in the absence of chemical reducers such as Na(2)S(2)O(4), but this process was strictly pH-dependent, and the rate of iron release is faster at low pH than at high pH. The kinetic study of iron release showed that this process fitted the law of zero order reaction, which differed from that of first order reaction by various chemical reducers such as Vitamin C. In addition, Both fluorescence and CD spectrometry were further used to study the reduction mechanism of iron release in vitro, showing that there was a slight conformation change of the ferritin shell during EGCG reduction because of a complex formation of DALF-EGCG. It appears that chemical reducers with large molecular sizes reduce the iron across the protein shell by the way of an electron transfer pathway (ETP). A novel pathway for iron release from DALF with EGCG reduction is suggested to explain for a reductive route of iron metabolism by biological reducers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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50
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Hsieh DS, Lu HC, Chen CC, Wu CJ, Yeh MK. The preparation and characterization of gold-conjugated polyphenol nanoparticles as a novel delivery system. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:1623-33. [PMID: 22615529 PMCID: PMC3357049 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s30060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanogold particles are commonly used in nanomedicine. We generated physical nanogold (pNG) conjugated with different ratios of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and evaluated its physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity in vitro as well as anticancer activity in vivo. Results showed that the EGCG-pNG conjugates were successfully prepared at ratios between 23:1 and 23:5, with the percentage of EGCG content increasing with the EGCG:pNG ratio from 23:1 (2.0% ± 0.02%) to 23:5 (28% ± 0.3%). EGCG-pNG particles at ratios of 23:1 and 23:5 demonstrated significantly decreased size from 500 to 20 nm and decreasing zeta potentials of 21 mV to −22 mV, respectively. At a ratio of 23:2.5, the EGCG-pNG particles (27% EGCG, 50 nm in size, zeta potential of −8 mV) showed longer EGCG activity half-life (110 days vs 5 hours), controlled release (2 hours vs 30 minutes), and higher antioxidant activity (four times), as well as inhibition of tumor cell growth, than controls. The present study indicated that EGCG-pNG possesses promising therapeutic potential, based on its strong free-radical scavenging and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dar-Shih Hsieh
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
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