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Li J, Zhou Z, Gao G, Zang L. Effectiveness of exercise intervention in improving physical and mental status of patients with alcohol use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0311166. [PMID: 39475843 PMCID: PMC11524501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This meta-analysis and systematic review examined the effects of an exercise intervention on alcohol dependence and physical and mental states in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Embase. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials published in English from the inception of the database until June 30, 2024, were included. All forms of exercise intervention (aerobic, resistance, yoga, mixed exercise, etc.) were included in the study, using an exercise intervention for patients with AUD and a non-exercise control group. Studies that excluded acute exercise or did not describe a specific intervention program; duplicate publications; review articles, conference articles, etc.; and studies that did not report appropriate outcome metrics. DATA EXTRACTION This protocol was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol standard. The risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool as described by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and Interventions. DATA SYNTHESIS Alcohol dependence (number of drinks per day, number of drinks per week, AUDIT), physical and mental status [maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), resting heart rate, anxiety state, depression state, stress level]. RESULTS Seventeen RCTs with a total of 1,905 patients with alcohol use disorders were included as subjects, and the results revealed that the exercise intervention had a significant effect on alcohol dependence, the number of drinks per day and the AUDIT score, the exercise intervention also had a significant effect on physical and mental status, VO2max, the resting heart rate, the anxiety state, the depression state, and the stress level. High heterogeneity in the number of drinks per day, anxiety, depression and stress outcomes (I2 > 50%), but Egger's test showed no publication bias for all outcome indicators (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise intervention can effectively reduce alcohol dependence and significantly improve the physical and mental states of AUD patients, and exercise intervention as an adjunct to the treatment of AUD patients is significantly effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Li
- Institute of Physical Education, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Institute of Physical Education, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Gao
- Institute of Physical Education, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liuhong Zang
- Institute of Physical Education, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Wang H, Liu Y, Kwok JYY, Xu F, Li R, Tang J, Tang S, Sun M. The effectiveness of yoga on menopausal symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 161:104928. [PMID: 39467491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly prevalent menopausal symptoms among women, along with their deleterious health impacts, call for increased attention to the need for effective interventions targeting this growing public health problem. While increasing evidence demonstrates that yoga interventions benefit menopausal symptoms, no systematic review or meta-analysis has yet systematically examined the effectiveness of yoga on menopausal symptoms. OBJECTIVE To systematically examine the effectiveness of Yoga in improving menopausal symptoms, hot flashes, depressive symptoms, anxiety, sleep quality, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and quality of life among women with menopause. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Nine electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Science Direct, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, WanFang, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from their inception to March 3, 2024, and updated on August 1, 2024. Randomized controlled trials investigating Yoga interventions for women experiencing menopause were included in this study. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's 'risk of bias' tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 18.0. RESULTS A total of 1302 articles were initially identified. Eventually, 24 studies (n = 2028 individuals) were included in this systematic review. The pooled analysis demonstrated that Yoga had significant beneficial effects on total menopausal symptoms (95 % CI: -1.62 to -0.73), psychological menopausal symptoms (95 % CI: -1.87 to -0.68), somatic menopausal symptoms (95 % CI: -1.37 to -0.39), urogenital menopausal symptoms (95 % CI: -0.97 to -0.59), sleep quality (95 % CI: -1.97 to -0.62), anxiety (95 % CI: -1.82 to -0.09), depressive symptoms (95 % CI: -2.36 to -0.74), body mass index (95 % CI: -1.61 to -1.08), systolic blood pressure (95 % CI: -7.71 to -5.33), and diastolic blood pressure (95 % CI: -5.96 to -4.24). However, no significant differences were observed between Yoga and usual care in terms of hot flashes (95 % CI: -1.00 to 0.37) and quality of life (95 % CI: -0.50 to 1.82). CONCLUSIONS Yoga significantly improved menopausal symptoms, sleep quality, anxiety, depressive symptoms, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure among women with menopause. This suggests that integrating yoga interventions into clinical practice has the potential to address the significant burden of menopause-related outcomes. Future studies should employ robust designs and utilize large-scale samples to evaluate the optimal dosage of yoga, its long-term effects and underlying mechanisms, its cost-effectiveness, and its safety in menopausal symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Xiangya Center for Evidence-Based Practice & Healthcare Innovation: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jojo Yan Yan Kwok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pukfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Fan Xu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Xiangya Center for Evidence-Based Practice & Healthcare Innovation: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rongzhi Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Xiangya Center for Evidence-Based Practice & Healthcare Innovation: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jingfei Tang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Xiangya Center for Evidence-Based Practice & Healthcare Innovation: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Xiangya Center for Evidence-Based Practice & Healthcare Innovation: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Mei Sun
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Szaszkó B, Tschenett H, Ansorge U, Nater UM. Hatha yoga reduces momentary stress but does not impact diurnal profiles of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase: A randomized controlled trial. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 171:107191. [PMID: 39357241 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Does the practice of yoga impact stress? Various studies have suggested that yoga may reduce both self-reported stress and stress biomarkers, but the evidence for such claims remains inconclusive, especially for yoga styles with a focus on physical postures. In a randomized controlled trial with 98 participants, we therefore examined whether an eight-week Hatha yoga intervention (60 min, 3×/week or more) led to reduced levels of diurnal salivary cortisol (sCort), salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), and subjective momentary stress as compared to a waitlist control group. To ensure the concomitant assessment of self-report and biological measures in an ecologically valid setting, and to capture the diurnal profile of cortisol and alpha-amylase, we employed an ecological momentary assessment approach. Five times per day, participants reported their momentary stress levels on a visual analogue scale and collected saliva samples for the assessment of salivary biomarkers. The intervention led to a significant reduction of subjective momentary stress but there was no change in diurnal sCort or sAA levels. There are several potential explanations for these findings: The intervention may have helped participants to cope better with stress while leaving diurnal levels of stress biomarkers unaffected, or the change may at least not have been reflected in sCort and sAA. Alternatively, there may have been a self-report bias, insofar as a favorable disposition towards yoga may have led participants to report reductions in stress in order to indicate positive effects of the intervention. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the effects of distinct yoga interventions, demonstrating their potential to serve as low-risk stress relief tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Szaszkó
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Hannah Tschenett
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Ansorge
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Mediatised Lifeworlds, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Urs Markus Nater
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria; University Research Platform "The Stress of Life - Processes and Mechanisms Underlying Everyday Life Stress", University of Vienna, Austria
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Yang Y, Yuan Y, Zhang H, Fu X, Wang T, Wang J, Fang CC. Optimal exercise dose and type for improving schizophrenia symptoms in adults: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 167:105896. [PMID: 39326771 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise has shown promise in aiding patients with schizophrenia, potentially improving symptoms, quality of life, mood, and cognition. This review evaluates the effectiveness of different physical activities in this context, aiming to guide treatment and research towards the most beneficial exercise interventions for schizophrenia management. METHODS This systematic review and network meta-analysis searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CNKI up to March 30, 2024. We utilized the "gemtc," "MBNMAdose," "metafor," and "ggplot2" packages for data analysis in R. Additionally, our results were reported as standardized mean differences with 95 % confidence intervals. To assess the risk of bias in the included studies, we used ROB2 and CINeMA tools. RESULTS In the results section of our systematic review and network meta-analysis, we analyzed data from 47 studies involving 4031 participants. Our findings indicate that among the various exercise interventions examined for schizophrenia patients, yoga emerged as the most effective in improving Total symptoms, positive and negative symptoms. RT+AE (Resistance Training + Aerobic Exercise) showed the greatest improvement in general symptoms, whereas Tai Chi (TC) was the least effective. In terms of improvement of cognitive functions and depression, AE proved the most beneficial, while TC was found to be the least effective. EX+PT (Physical Exercise + Psychological Nursing) was identified as the most effective approach for improved quality of life, with TC again showing the least efficacy. The optimal total exercise dose to improve the patient's total symptoms was estimated to be 1200 METs-min/week. (SMD: -0.956, 95 %Crl: -1.376 to -0.536). CONCLUSIONS Yoga, RT+AE, EX+PT, and Baduanjin have demonstrated enhanced efficacy in alleviating clinical symptoms, quality of life, depressive states, and cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia. We identified optimal overall exercise doses and provided exercise guidance recommendations for healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Laboratory of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation, School of Physical Education and Sport, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Physical Education, Kunsan National University, Daehak-ro, Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do 541150, South Korea
| | - HaoYang Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - XueYing Fu
- Institute of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - JunYu Wang
- The School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chu-Chun Fang
- Physical Education Office, National Taipei University of Business, Taipei 100025, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Ciezar Andersen S, Campbell T, White D, King-Shier K. An Intervention to Improve Mental and Physical Health of Undergraduate Nursing Students. Can J Nurs Res 2024; 56:317-328. [PMID: 38706094 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241248308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students experience poorer mental and physical health relative to students in other health-related disciplines and young adults of similar age outside post-secondary school. Compromised mental and physical health has numerous negative impacts on nursing students and can result in burnout and development of chronic diseases. PURPOSE To determine whether an asynchronous online yoga intervention would improve mental and physical health of students. METHODS An asynchronous online 6-week yoga intervention was carried out between January and December 2021, using a pre/post design. Participants' symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and self-compassion were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and Self-Compassion Scale and core endurance was assessed using the Mackenzie Core Endurance Test prior to commencement and at the conclusion of the program. RESULTS Of 114 participants, 68 completed the online program and pre and post measures showed that the mean depression, anxiety, stress, self-compassion and core endurance scores improved significantly (p<0.001) between baseline and study completion. CONCLUSION A six-week virtual yoga program significantly improved mental and physical health of undergraduate nursing students. Targeted modifications to the yoga program might enhance participant retention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tavis Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Zhang J, Tam WWS, Hounsri K, Kusuyama J, Wu VX. Effectiveness of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Cognition, Metabolic Health, Physical Function, and Health-related Quality of Life in Middle-aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1585-1599. [PMID: 37875170 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on cognition, metabolic health, physical function, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DATA SOURCE AND STUDY SELECTION Systematic search of CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis, PsycINFO, Web of Science databases, and gray literature from Google Scholar. Pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected. The Protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42023387336). DATA EXTRACTION The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool by 2 reviewers independently. Outcome data were extracted in a fixed-effect model if heterogeneity test were not significant and I2≤50%; otherwise, the random-effects model was used. DATA SYNTHESIS Sixteen studies with 2426 participants were included in this review. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise had significant positive effects on cognition (SMD=0.34, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.55), metabolic health on HbA1c (SMD=-0.35, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.22) and lipid profile (total cholesterol SMD=-0.20, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.07; low-density lipoprotein SMD=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.05; high-density lipoprotein SMD=0.25, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.39; and triglycerides SMD=-0.18, 95% CI: -0.31 to -0.04), physical function on aerobic oxygen uptake (SMD=0.58, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.95) and body mass index (MD=-1.33, 95% CI: -1.84 to -0.82), and physical HRQoL (MD=4.17, 95% CI: 0.86 to 7.48). Our results showed that clinically important effects on cognition may occur in combining the low-moderate intensity of aerobic exercise and progressive intensity of resistance training, the total duration of the exercise needs to be at least 135 minutes per week, among which, resistance training should be at least 60 minutes. CONCLUSION Combined aerobic and resistance exercise effectively improves cognition, ameliorates metabolic health, enhances physical function, and increases physical HRQoL in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. More RCTs and longitudinal follow-ups are required to provide future evidence of structured combined aerobic and resistance exercise on other domains of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Zhang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wai San Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Kanokwan Hounsri
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore
| | - Joji Kusuyama
- Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vivien Xi Wu
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Clinical Research Centre, Singapore; NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Nadholta P, Saha PK, Anand A. A framework of workplace yoga for expectant mothers: A comprehensive review of benefits, safety considerations, and future perspectives. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38979900 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the benefits of yoga during pregnancy and considers its implications for working pregnant women, focusing on safety, future directions, and limitations. The physical and psychological changes experienced during pregnancy can lead to increased stress and discomfort, impacting both maternal and fetal health, which may be further augmented by work stress during pregnancy. To address these challenges, various interventions such as yoga, relaxation techniques, and meditation have been proposed. Although there is evidence to support the benefits of yoga at both physical and psychological levels, there is a lack of proper strategies and guidelines for the implications of these interventions among working pregnant women. Incorporating yoga as a safe and cost-effective intervention for managing work-related distress during pregnancy can have significant benefits for both maternal and fetal health. However, careful consideration of safety guidelines, further research on working pregnant women, and exploring optimal implementation strategies are essential to fully harness the potential of yoga in this context. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence for the benefits and safety of yoga during pregnancy, with a specific focus on working pregnant women. To ensure the scientific rigor of this review, we conducted a systematic search of the PubMed database for high-quality research studies published in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Nadholta
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradip Kumar Saha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- CCRYN-Collaborative Centre for Mind Body Intervention-PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Hagen I, Hagen Ø. The impact of yoga on occupational stress and wellbeing: exploring practitioners' experiences. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1352197. [PMID: 38898894 PMCID: PMC11186537 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1352197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Workplace stress is a serious problem globally. It represents a major threat to the UN's sustainability goal of good health and wellbeing (SDG 3). The purpose of this article is to explore how yoga may be a tool for increased wellbeing and stress management at work and in everyday life. Methods To examine how yoga can facilitate employees' wellbeing and ability to cope with stress, we performed qualitative interviews with practitioners who did yoga regularly. We focused on how yoga was experienced by each of our interviewees and what practicing yoga meant to them. Our data material consists of 13 semi-structured lifeworld interviews. The sample consisted of 10 female and 3 male in the age range of 20-55 years old. The data were analyzed through a thematic analysis. Results The themes identified in the thematic analysis include: (1) yoga as a tool for increased wellbeing, (2) yoga for coping with stress and dealing with challenges, (3) the role of breathing, and (4) contextual factors. While confirming other research findings, this article elaborates on aspects informants described as induced by yoga, like self-awareness, calmness, balance, mood-lifting, focus, presence, self-care, and mastery. The reported positive outcomes of yoga constituted increased wellbeing, and also facilitated the ability to cope with stress and experience less stress. Informants also emphasized that yogic breathing was a central factor in inducing wellbeing and feeling less stressed. They also expressed that contextual factors, such as time, teacher, and location, influenced how practicing yoga was experienced and made sense of. Conclusion The study concludes that the interviewees experienced practicing yoga as positive, by reducing their occupational stress. Moreover, yoga increased their wellbeing, as well as their ability to cope with stress. These experienced changes were especially facilitated by yogic breathing, and influenced by contextual factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øivind Hagen
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behavior, BI Norwegian Business School, Trondheim, Norway
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Mandlik GV, Siopis G, Nguyen B, Ding D, Edwards KM. Effect of a single session of yoga and meditation on stress reactivity: A systematic review. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3324. [PMID: 37822096 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesises the evidence for the effectiveness of a single session of yoga or its components including meditation and breathing techniques in reducing acute stress reactivity in healthy adults. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycINFO on 30th July 2023 for randomised controlled or crossover trials of yoga components and reporting physiological and/or psychological outcome measure(s) related to stress reactivity. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. Data were synthesised narratively. Twenty-one out of 28 eligible studies (n = 2574) relating to 31 interventions (meditation [n = 22], breathing [n = 4] and yoga [n = 5]) reported outcomes in favour of the intervention. Stress reactivity was reported to be reduced by 71% of studies measuring physiological outcomes and 65% of studies measuring psychological outcomes. These studies show that a single session of yoga components is effective in reducing acute stress reactivity in adults and could be recommended for stress management. Future studies with larger populations and a more equal representation of genders and age groups are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhar V Mandlik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Siopis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate M Edwards
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Rajkumar RP. Are There Biological Correlates of Response to Yoga-Based Interventions in Depression? A Critical Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:543. [PMID: 38928543 PMCID: PMC11201983 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most common mental disorder worldwide. Both antidepressants and psychotherapy are effective in treating depression, but the response to these treatments is often incomplete. Yoga-based interventions (YBIs) have been advocated by some researchers as a promising form of alternative treatment for depression. Recent research has attempted to identify the biological mechanisms associated with the antidepressant actions of YBIs. In this scoping review, conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to retrieve research on biomarkers of response to YBIs in patients with depression. These studies were also critically reviewed to evaluate their methodological quality and any sources of bias. Nineteen studies were included in the review. Based on these studies, there is preliminary evidence that YBIs may be associated with increased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reduced serum cortisol and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with depression. However, many of these changes were also observed in the control arms, and the overall quality of the research was low. At present, it cannot be concluded that there are reliable biomarkers of response to YBIs in depression, though there are some potential biological correlates. Further advances in this field will depend critically on improvements in study design, particularly the minimization of sources of bias and the selection of more specific and sensitive biomarkers based on existing evidence from other treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Philip Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605 006, India
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Zok A, Matecka M, Bienkowski A, Ciesla M. Reduce stress and the risk of burnout by using yoga techniques. Pilot study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1370399. [PMID: 38699423 PMCID: PMC11064875 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1370399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This article examines the effectiveness of yoga in managing stress, with a particular focus on work-related stress. Yoga combines physical postures, breath control, and meditation, and has gained recognition for its potential to relieve stress. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the motivating factors behind individuals adopting yoga exercises and to assess the effects of regular yoga practice, with a particular focus on age-related differences. Additionally, we aimed to compare participants' expectations with the actual results of their yoga practice. Methods To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive survey using an online form, which was completed by 520 yoga practitioners. Participants were surveyed about their motivation, the effects they experienced, and the type of yoga they practiced. Results The results showed that the most common motivation for individuals practicing yoga was stress reduction. Additionally, the analysis of the effects of regular yoga practice demonstrated a significant reduction in stress levels, with experienced practitioners reporting lower stress levels compared to beginners. In conclusion, the study suggests that regular yoga practice can be an effective way to reduce stress levels. Conclusion Dynamic forms of yoga, which incorporate fluid movements and synchronized breathing techniques, are highly effective approaches to stress management and relief. These findings highlight the value of yoga as a tool for individuals of all ages seeking stress relief and overall well-being. Another advantage of yoga practice is its affordability and lack of negative side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zok
- Department of Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Matecka
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Bienkowski
- Department of Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ciesla
- Department of Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Glaser KM, Crabtree-Ide CR, Flores TF, Reid ME. Integrating Yoga into Comprehensive Cancer Care: Starting Somewhere. Eur J Integr Med 2024; 67:102348. [PMID: 39372426 PMCID: PMC11449015 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The rapid increase in cancer survivors in the United States (US) highlights the importance of survivors' long-term care needs and symptom management. Given evidence that yoga supports cancer related symptoms, our aim was to develop and implement a community yoga program available for cancer survivors, family members, and staff involved in cancer care at a public comprehensive cancer center in the US. Given the wide age range and potential side effects from cancer treatment, we adapted the yoga program to meet the needs of cancer survivors. Methods Beginning in May 2017, we offered sixty-minute gentle yoga sessions for all medically cleared cancer survivors and their family members, caregivers, and friends, as well as oncology staff. We aimed to evaluate acceptability, development, and implementation of an adaptive yoga program at our comprehensive cancer center using mixed methods. Classes were initially offered once a week, then increased to twice a week. A total of five service evaluations were sent approximately every six months between April 2018-October 2019 to evaluate participant satisfaction (n=90 responses). Qualitative data were collected and analyzed using thematic analysis of participant satisfaction, allowing us to continuously monitor the yoga program and adjust to meet participants' needs. Results Between May 2017 and February 2020, 176 people attended our program. Ages ranged from 21 to 72 years, with an average age of 45 years. Based on these evaluations, 96% (n=86) of participants rated both the program and teachers excellent, and 4% (n=4) rated the program and teachers good. Qualitative themes highlighted positive aspects of the program, including accessibility, inclusivity, and adaptive yoga based on medical needs, skill level, and abilities. Conclusions Adaptive yoga programs are well-accepted by cancer survivors and caregivers and may contribute a solution to healthcare staff and physician burnout. It is essential to build a solid foundation of self-care and wellness programming for cancer survivors and to create and foster adaptive yoga classes. Next steps for our program include evaluating yoga within the clinical setting, including chemotherapy infusion center and further research on reduction in stress through yoga in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Glaser
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Tessa F. Flores
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mary E. Reid
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Su WC, Cleffi C, Srinivasan S, Bhat A. A Pilot Study Comparing the Efficacy, Fidelity, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Telehealth and Face-to-Face Creative Movement Interventions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. TELEMEDICINE REPORTS 2024; 5:67-77. [PMID: 38558955 PMCID: PMC10979681 DOI: 10.1089/tmr.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Aims We compared the efficacy, fidelity, acceptability, and feasibility of a creative movement (CM) intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), delivered face-to-face (F2F) or through telehealth (TH). Methods Fifteen children with ASD received the CM intervention F2F or through TH. Motor assessments were used to evaluate effects of F2F and TH interventions on children's motor skills, while video coding was used to assess affect, socially directed verbalization, interpersonal synchrony, and motor coordination during training. Stakeholder feedback and training fidelity data on the intervention were also collected. Results Children in both subgroups showed similar baseline performance and training-related improvements in motor skills, positive/interested affect, socially directed verbalization, interpersonal synchrony, and dual/multilimb coordination. Parents in the TH subgroup considered the intervention feasible and acceptable; however, they reported greater effort to supervise and redirect their child's attention compared to the F2F subgroup. Trainers for the TH subgroup reported more communication difficulties, technological issues, and longer session lengths, but found greater parental involvement compared to the F2F subgroup. Conclusions CM interventions are consistent, acceptable, feasible, and effective in improving social, behavioral-affective, and motor skills of children with ASD, regardless of the method of delivery. Clinicians should make efforts to reduce communication/technological issues and parental burden when delivering CM interventions through TH. ClinicalTrials.Gov Study ID-NCT04258254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chun Su
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Corina Cleffi
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Sudha Srinivasan
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Institute for Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anjana Bhat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Somere K, Munkevics M, Krams R, Rača G, Luoto S, Krams I. The effect of yin yoga intervention on state and trait anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1345455. [PMID: 38550540 PMCID: PMC10973109 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1345455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although some findings indicate that yoga can reduce stress and anxiety, many studies present mixed results. The potential of yoga interventions to alleviate anxiety, including the mechanisms and boundary conditions by which it does so, is an under-researched topic. Anxiety is often divided into "state anxiety" and "trait anxiety," the former being a temporary reaction to stressful events, while the latter is a more stable personality feature that responds to adverse situations or perceived threats. Materials and methods This study investigates whether a yin yoga intervention delivered online reduces state anxiety immediately after each yoga session and whether the anxiety levels are significantly lower at the end of the 10-week yoga intervention than at the beginning of the study. We also predicted no effect of yin yoga intervention on trait anxiety. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic when participants (N = 48 Latvian women) experienced heightened anxiety levels. Results This study shows that a ten-week online yin yoga intervention significantly reduced state anxiety in the intervention group compared with the control group. State anxiety levels also significantly decreased after each yin yoga session, providing more support for the anxiety-reducing effect of yin yoga. In contrast, yoga participation did not cause differences in trait anxiety between the control and intervention groups, even though trait anxiety decreased in the intervention group and increased in the control group over the study period. Conclusion The positive effects of yin yoga on state anxiety indicate the potential of yin yoga intervention as a first-line treatment to control and reduce state anxiety, with possible additional effects on trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristīne Somere
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maris Munkevics
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ronalds Krams
- Sport Center, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Gunta Rača
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Severi Luoto
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Indrikis Krams
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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Lučovnik M, Lackner HK, Žebeljan I, Moertl MG, Dinevski IV, Mahlmann A, Dinevski D. Effect of Prenatal Yoga versus Moderate-Intensity Walking on Cardiorespiratory Adaptation to Acute Psychological Stress: Insights from Non-Invasive Beat-to-Beat Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1596. [PMID: 38475131 PMCID: PMC10934350 DOI: 10.3390/s24051596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
We recently reported enhanced parasympathetic activation at rest throughout pregnancy associated with regular yoga practice. The present study presents a secondary analysis of data collected within a prospective cohort study of 33 pregnant women practicing yoga once weekly throughout pregnancy and 36 controls not involved in formal pregnancy exercise programs. The objective was to assess the impact of prenatal yoga on the autonomic nervous system stress response. Healthy pregnant women with singleton pregnancies were recruited in the first trimester. There was no significant difference in the maternal body mass index (BMI) between the yoga group and the controls (24.06 ± 3.55 vs. 23.74 ± 3.43 kg/m2, p = 0.693). Women practicing yoga were older (28.6 ± 3.9 vs. 31.3 ± 3.5 years, p = 0.005) and more often nulliparous (26 (79%) vs. 18 (50%), p = 0.001). We studied heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in the time domain (SDNN, standard deviation of regular R-R intervals, and RMSSD, square root of mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals) and frequency domain (ln(LF/HF), natural logarithm of low-frequency to high-frequency power), as well as synchronization indices of heart rate, blood pressure and respiration during and immediately following acute psychological stress of a standardized mental challenge test. Measurements were performed once per trimester before and after yoga or a 30 min moderate-intensity walk. Statistical comparison was performed using three-way analyses of variance (p < 0.05 significant). Time domain HRV parameters during and following mental challenge in the yoga group were significantly higher compared to the controls regardless of the trimester (F = 7.22, p = 0.009 for SDNN and F = 9.57, p = 0.003 for RMSSD, respectively). We observed no significant differences in the yoga group vs. the controls in terms of ln(LF/HF) and synchronization indices. Regular prenatal yoga practice was associated with a significantly reduced sympathetic response to mental challenge and quicker recovery after acute psychological stress. These effects persisted throughout pregnancy with regular practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Lučovnik
- Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helmut K. Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Žebeljan
- Department for Women’s Health, Health Center Lenart, 2230 Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah, Slovenia;
| | - Manfred G. Moertl
- Department of Philosophy, Alpen-Adria University Klagenfurt, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria;
| | | | - Adrian Mahlmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Centre for Vascular Medicine, Clinic of Angiology, St.-Josefs-Hospital, Katholische Krankenhaus Hagen gem. GmbH, 58097 Hagen, Germany
| | - Dejan Dinevski
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
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Raj Lakshmi RKR. Yoga for improving quality of life in contractual university teachers. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1370426. [PMID: 38469274 PMCID: PMC10925710 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1370426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
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Skopp NA, Bradshaw D, Smolenski DJ, Wilson N, Williams T, Bellanti D, Hoyt T. A pilot study of trauma-sensitive yoga and Breathe2Relax among service members in an intensive outpatient program. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38166188 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2023.2296333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Emerging research indicates that yoga is a promising adjunct to psychological trauma treatment. The current pilot study examined the associations between psychophysiological stress, diaphragmatic breathing (DB), and a trauma-sensitive yoga (TSY) regimen developed specifically for trauma-exposed service members in alignment with recent calls for precision in reporting therapeutic yoga protocols. Participants were 31 service members enrolled in a trauma-focused intensive outpatient program (IOP). Service members participated in a brief diaphragmatic breathing (DB) session using the Breathe2Relax (B2R) app followed by the TSY session. Heart rate (HR) and perceived stress were measured at baseline and after both the DB practice and the TSY session. We assessed Yoga and DB expectancies at baseline and post TSY. Participants also rated the acceptability and usability of the B2R app. Results of linear mixed effects regression models showed decreases in HR and perceived stress, compared to baseline, following DB (HR, b = -8.68, CI 95% = -13.34, -4.02; perceived stress, b = -1.77, CI 95% = -2.35, -1.18) and TSY (HR, b = -12.44, CI 95% = -17.15, -7.73; perceived stress b = -3.69, CI 95% = -4.29, -3.08). Higher levels of expectancies, compared to lower levels, related to stronger decreases in HR and perceived stress, particularly after TSY. Overall, participants rated the B2R usability as high; virtually all participants reported that "most would learn to use the app quickly," and 76.6% reported that they would use it frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A Skopp
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Defense Health Agency (DHA)
| | - David Bradshaw
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Derek J Smolenski
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Defense Health Agency (DHA)
| | - Naomi Wilson
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Defense Health Agency (DHA)
| | - Tammy Williams
- Madigan Army Medical Center (MAMC), Psychological Health Intensive Outpatient Program (PHIOP), JBLM, Tacoma, Washington
| | - Dawn Bellanti
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE), Defense Health Agency (DHA)
| | - Tim Hoyt
- United States Department of Defense Office of Force Resiliency, Arlington, Virginia
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18
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Loewenthal J, Berning MJ, Wayne PM, Eckstrom E, Orkaby AR. Holistic frailty prevention: The promise of movement-based mind-body therapies. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13986. [PMID: 37698149 PMCID: PMC10776124 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by fundamental cellular and molecular hallmarks that result in physiologic decline of most body systems. This may culminate in frailty, a state of decreased reserve. Because frailty is a state of multisystem dysregulation, multimodal interventions may be necessary to mitigate and prevent progression rather than interventions targeting a single system. Movement-based mind-body therapies, such as tai chi and yoga, are promising multimodal strategies for frailty prevention and treatment given their inherent multicomponent nature. In this review, we summarize the links between hallmarks of aging and frailty and how tai chi and yoga may impact these hallmarks. We review trial evidence for the impact of tai chi and yoga on frailty in older populations and discuss opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Loewenthal
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Peter M. Wayne
- Division of Preventive MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Elizabeth Eckstrom
- Division of General Internal Medicine & GeriatricsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Ariela R. Orkaby
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC)VA Boston Healthcare SystemBostonMassachusettsUSA
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19
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Mikkonen J, Luomajoki H, Airaksinen O, Goubert L, Pratscher S, Leinonen V. Identical movement control exercises with and without synchronized breathing for chronic non-specific low back pain:A randomized pilot trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:1561-1571. [PMID: 39031339 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise is a first-line treatment for chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP). Exercise combined with specific breathing techniques have the potential to improve multifactorial outcomes. No previous studies, however, have compared outcomes between identical exercises with or without a specific breathing protocol in a uniform clinical study setting. OBJECTIVES 1) To investigate the feasibility of combining synchronized breathing with movement control exercises and evaluate eligibility criteria, randomization procedures, and dropout rates. 2) To study the preliminary efficacy of the interventions on multifactorial outcome measures. METHODS Thirty subjects with CNSLBP were randomized into two groups. Both groups had four contact clinic visits where they received personalized home movement control exercises to practice over two months. The experimental group included a movement control exercise intervention combined with synchronized breathing techniques. Trial registration number: NCT05268822. RESULTS Feasibility was demonstrated by meeting the recruitment goal of 30 subjects within the pre-specified timeframe with enrolment rate of 24.8% (30/121). Synchronized breathing techniques were successfully adhered by participants. Home exercise adherence was nearly identical between the groups without any adverse events. Preliminary efficacy findings on pain intensity, disability, and self-efficacy in the experimental group exceeded the minimal clinically important difference. No such findings were observed in any outcome measures within the control group. Overall, multifactorial differences were consistent because nine out of eleven outcome measures showed greater improvements for the experimental group. CONCLUSION The synchronized breathing with movement control exercises protocol was feasible and may be more beneficial for improving multifactorial outcomes compared to identical exercises alone. Results suggested progression to a full-scale trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Mikkonen
- Private Practice, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery (Incl. Physiatry), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Luomajoki
- ZHAW School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Olavi Airaksinen
- Department of Surgery (Incl. Physiatry), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Liesbet Goubert
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Pratscher
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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20
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D'Silva A, Islam Z, Marshall DA, Vallance JK, Nasser Y, Rajagopalan V, MacKean G, Raman M. Experiences of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients in a Virtual Yoga Program: Qualitative Findings from a Clinical Trial. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:169-179. [PMID: 37914888 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In-person yoga interventions have shown feasibility and effectiveness in improving the outcomes of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but experiences in virtual yoga interventions have not been examined. This study aimed to explore patients' experiences of a virtually delivered yoga intervention for IBS. METHODS An embedded qualitative substudy was included in a randomized controlled trial examining the feasibility and effectiveness of a virtual yoga program among adult patients with IBS. Semi-structured interviews captured participants' past and current experiences, program satisfaction, perceived impact on IBS symptoms and overall physical and mental health, facilitators and barriers to participation, perceptions of social support and supervised learning, and input on improving future programming. Data were coded and analyzed in duplicate using NVivo 12. An analytic template based on the interview guide was developed and thematic analysis identified themes, as well as the relationship between themes and subthemes. RESULTS Among the 14 participants (all female, mean age 47.7 years), three major themes were identified: (1) positive experience in the yoga program, (2) incorporating yoga into IBS management post-study, and (3) recommendations for program improvement. CONCLUSION Patients with IBS experience in a virtual yoga program was positive with improvements in physical and mental health outcomes. Considering the barriers and facilitators to participating in an online yoga program along with participant recommendations may improve future intervention design and delivery to increase self-efficacy and confidence among patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrijana D'Silva
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Zarmina Islam
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Bab-E-Urdu Road, Karachi, 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Arthur J.E. Child Chair, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Jeff K Vallance
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, AB, T9S 3A3, Canada
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3380 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Vidya Rajagopalan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3380 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gail MacKean
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3380 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
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Kuptniratsaikul V, Muaksorn C, Koedwan C, Suesuwan O, Srisomnuek A. Pain reduction, physical performance, and psychological status compared between Hatha yoga and stretching exercise to treat sedentary office workers with mild/moderate neck/shoulder pain: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. Complement Ther Med 2023; 79:102996. [PMID: 37863244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate pain reduction, physical performance, and psychological status compared between Hatha yoga and stretching exercises. DESIGN Randomized controlled non-inferiority trial SUBJECTS: 150 sedentary office workers with mild/moderate neck/shoulder pain. INTERVENTIONS Participants received group Hatha yoga or stretching exercise once a week (30 min for 4 weeks), and were asked to practice at home. Subjects were followed up at 4 and 8 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was a numeric rating scale (NRS) score. The secondary outcomes were a sit-and-reach test, Functional Reach Test, Neck Disability Index, pain pressure threshold, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and the EuroQoL. RESULTS Of the 150 subjects, 59 and 71 participants in the Hatha yoga and stretching groups were analyzed. At baseline, no significant differences between groups were found. After 4 weeks, the mean difference in the NRS score was statistically significant between groups (p < 0.001), including a 95% confidence level of < 1 score, but there was no significant difference between groups for any other outcome. Most participants reported being satisfied with their assigned treatment (98.3-100%), and rated themselves as improved or much improved (91.8-98.3%) (both p > 0.05 between groups). The most common adverse events were musculoskeletal pain and muscle tension. Repeated measures analysis of variance that compared among weeks 0, 4, and 8 revealed no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSION Hatha yoga was tentatively found to be non-inferior to stretching exercise relative to safety, for decreasing pain, anxiety, and depression, and for improving flexibility, neck functions, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kuptniratsaikul
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - C Muaksorn
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - C Koedwan
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - O Suesuwan
- Division of Surgical Nursing, Department of Nursing, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - A Srisomnuek
- Research Group and Research Network Division, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Szaszkó B, Schmid RR, Pomper U, Maiworm M, Laiber S, Tschenett H, Nater UM, Ansorge U. The influence of hatha yoga on stress, anxiety, and suppression: A randomized controlled trial. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 241:104075. [PMID: 37931334 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Engaging in yoga may mitigate stress and anxiety in individuals while potentially enhancing one's capacity to manage distractions. Our research aimed to explore the relation between these two outcomes: Can an eight-week yoga program foster distraction suppression, thereby reducing stress and discomfort? To answer this question, we used Hatha Yoga, the most commonly practiced form of yoga. We tested if the intervention improved participants' ability to suppress distractions and selectively decrease self-reported stress and stress reactivity. In Addition, we investigated whether such an intervention would increase participants' mindfulness. Our study included 98 healthy yoga novices between 18 and 40 years who were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a waitlist condition, with each participant completing pre- and post-intervention assessments, including questionnaires, as well as electrophysiological and behavioral measures. After eight weeks of yoga practice, significant reductions in self-reported stress and stress reactivity levels, as well as increased mindfulness, were observed among those participating in the intervention relative to those in the waitlist control group. There were, however, no significant changes in state or trait anxiety due to the intervention. Changes in stress measures could not be explained by changes in participants' ability to suppress distractors, which was not affected by the intervention. Overall, our findings suggest that regular participation in Hatha Yoga can improve mental health outcomes without impacting cognitive functioning directly related to distractor suppression. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05232422.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Szaszkó
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rebecca Rosa Schmid
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Pomper
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mira Maiworm
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Laiber
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannah Tschenett
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria; University Research Platform "The Stress of Life - Processes and Mechanisms Underlying Everyday Life Stress", University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Urs Markus Nater
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria; University Research Platform "The Stress of Life - Processes and Mechanisms Underlying Everyday Life Stress", University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Ansorge
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Kolingasse 14-16, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Mediatised Lifeworlds, University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 2-4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Unick JL, Dunsiger SI, Bock BC, Sherman SA, Braun TD, Hayes JF, Goldstein SP, Wing RR. A randomized trial examining the effect of yoga on dietary lapses and lapse triggers following behavioral weight loss treatment. Obes Sci Pract 2023; 9:484-492. [PMID: 37810521 PMCID: PMC10551112 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary lapses can hinder weight loss and yoga can improve self-regulation, which may protect against lapses. This study examined the effect of yoga on dietary lapses, potential lapse triggers (e.g., affective states, cravings, dietary temptations), and reasons for initiating eating following weight loss treatment. Methods Sixty women with overweight/obesity (34.3 ± 3.9 kg/m2) were randomized to a 12 week yoga intervention (2x/week; YOGA) or contact-matched control (cooking/nutrition classes; CON) following a 12-week behavioral weight loss program. Participants responded to smartphone surveys (5x/day) over a 10-day period at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks to assess lapses and triggers. Results At 24 weeks, YOGA and CON differed on several types of lapses (i.e., less eating past full, eating more than usual, loss of control when eating, self-identified overeating, difficulty stopping eating in YOGA), and YOGA was less likely to eat to feel better or in response to stress (ps < 0.05). YOGA also reported less stress and anxiety and more positive affect (ps < 0.01); dietary temptations and cravings did not differ from CON. Conclusion Yoga resulted in fewer dietary lapses and improved affect among women with overweight/obesity following weight loss. While preliminary, findings suggest that yoga should be considered as a potential component of weight loss treatment to target dietary lapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Unick
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research CenterThe Miriam HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Shira I. Dunsiger
- Department of Behavioral and Social SciencesBrown University School of Public HealthProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Beth C. Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Department of Behavioral and Social SciencesBrown University School of Public HealthProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research GroupButler HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Sally A. Sherman
- Department of Health and Human DevelopmentSchool of EducationUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Tosca D. Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research GroupButler HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Jacqueline F. Hayes
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research CenterThe Miriam HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Stephanie P. Goldstein
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research CenterThe Miriam HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Rena R. Wing
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research CenterThe Miriam HospitalProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorWarren Alpert Medical School at Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
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Phansikar M, Gothe N, Hernandez R, Lara-Cinisomo S, Mullen SP. Feasibility and impact of a remote moderate-intensity yoga intervention on stress and executive functioning in working adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Behav Med 2023; 46:720-731. [PMID: 36754937 PMCID: PMC9908305 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of a moderate-intensity yoga intervention, delivered remotely via supervised and unsupervised sessions, and its psychosocial and cognitive effects have not been thoroughly investigated. This randomized controlled trial assessed feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an 8-week moderate-intensity yoga intervention (3×/week, 50 min) delivered remotely (vs. a waitlist control arm), on stress and cognitive functioning. Participants (n = 86) were low active, full-time working adults (81.40% female; Mage = 41 years) with symptoms of stress. Feasibility was assessed via adherence, enjoyment, and safety; stress and anxiety via self-report questionnaires; and executive functioning via neuropsychological tests. Overall attendance was 75.1%, 100% of participants enjoyed the intervention, and only one adverse event was reported. At follow-up, the yoga group had significantly lower stress and anxiety, and higher accuracy on working memory tasks. Remote moderate intensity yoga practice proved safe, enjoyable, and may reduce stress and improve cognitive functioning. This study was pre-registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04740229).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Phansikar
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Neha Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Rosalba Hernandez
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Sandraluz Lara-Cinisomo
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Sean P. Mullen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Center for Social & Behavioral Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
- Informatics Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
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25
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Aghajanyan V, Bhupathy S, Sheikh S, Nausheen F. A Narrative Review of Telomere Length Modulation Through Diverse Yoga and Meditation Styles: Current Insights and Prospective Avenues. Cureus 2023; 15:e46130. [PMID: 37900433 PMCID: PMC10612486 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness practices have demonstrated the potential to positively impact various aspects of human health associated with telomere length (TL) - a recognized marker of healthy aging and susceptibility to age-related diseases. This review seeks to conduct an in-depth comparative analysis, examining methodological variations, outcome assessments, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps across mindfulness-focused studies concerning TL and attrition rates. While emerging data tentatively suggest a positive connection between mindfulness practices and TL, a notable research gap pertains to establishing the clinically recommended dosage of yoga/meditation and mindfulness interventions to effectively influence TL. To address this gap, upcoming research should prioritize meticulous structuring, pedagogical precision, and vigilant monitoring of mindfulness interventions to yield psychological and physiological benefits across an appropriate timeframe and intensity. The amalgamation of yoga/meditation or mindfulness emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing the quality of life while counteracting the influence of telomere attrition in the spectrum of age-related diseases. The core objective of this review is to meticulously investigate the interplay between yoga/meditation and mindfulness practices and their potential impact on TL - an essential biomarker indicative of age-related health and well-being. To achieve this, our study methodically compares various methodological approaches, outcome measures, strengths, and limitations within relevant research endeavors focused on TL and attrition rates. Through this scrutiny, we highlight prevailing research gaps. Our analysis underscores the need for comprehensive research efforts aimed at establishing the optimal therapeutic regimen for yielding significant clinical effects on TL and overall health. In summation, our exploration emphasizes the urgency of further studies to unravel the most effective approaches for positively influencing TL and its implications for holistic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Aghajanyan
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Supriya Bhupathy
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Shazia Sheikh
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Fauzia Nausheen
- Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
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Cartwright T, Doronda T. 'It stretches your body but makes you feel good too': A qualitative study exploring young people's perceptions and experiences of yoga. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:789-803. [PMID: 36633013 PMCID: PMC10387721 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221146840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst research suggests that yoga can positively impact physical and psychological wellbeing, understanding of youth's experiences is limited with no non-clinical studies in the UK. Ten focus groups explored perceptions and experiences of yoga among 35 youth (10-18 years). Inductive thematic analysis revealed that yoga was viewed as a holistic mind-body practice cultivating greater awareness and enhanced physical performance. Youth described yoga as providing tools that developed confidence, stress-management and emotional self-regulation. Social and relational impacts of yoga were highly valued. Despite the perceived biopsychosocial benefits of yoga, gendered and media representations of yoga may serve as a barrier to uptake.
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Tan L, Strudwick J, Deady M, Bryant R, Harvey SB. Mind-body exercise interventions for prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e064758. [PMID: 37438059 PMCID: PMC10347470 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mind-body exercise (MBE) interventions, such as yoga, are increasingly recognised as an adjunct treatment for trauma-related mental disorders but less is known about their efficacy as a preventative intervention. We aimed to systematically review if, and what type of, MBE interventions are effective at preventing the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or acute stress disorder (ASD) in trauma-exposed populations. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases was conducted to identify controlled trials of MBE interventions aimed at preventing the development of PTSD or ASD in high-risk populations. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias and ROBINS-I tools. Pooled effect sizes using Hedges' g and 95% CIs were calculated using random effects modelling for the main meta-analysis and planned subgroup and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Six studies (N analysed=399) were included in the final meta-analysis. Overall, there was a small effect for MBE interventions in preventing the development of PTSD (g=-0.25, 95% CI -0.56 to 0.06) among those with previous or ongoing exposure to trauma. Although a prespecified subgroup analyses comparing the different types of MBE intervention were conducted, meaningful conclusions could not be drawn due to the small number of studies. None of the included studies assessed ASD symptoms. CONCLUSION Limited evidence was found for MBE interventions in reducing PTSD symptomology in the short term. Findings must be interpreted with caution due to the small number of studies and possible publication bias. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020180375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Tan
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mark Deady
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Bryant
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mikkonen J, Luomajoki H, Airaksinen O, Goubert L, Leinonen V. Protocol of identical exercise programs with and without specific breathing techniques for the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain: randomized feasibility trial with two-month follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:354. [PMID: 37147638 PMCID: PMC10161472 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06434-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability globally. Exercise therapies are one of the commonly prescribed treatment options for CLBP. The specific exercise therapies for CLBP most commonly target movement dysfunction, but seldom brain-based pain modulation. Exercise therapies with specific breathing techniques (SBTs) have been shown to influence and enhance brain-based structural and functional pain modulation. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of the SBTs protocol, eligibility criteria, randomization, and dropout rates. To quantify the changes in patient outcome measures and choose the most relevant measure for larger-scale study. To quantify self-adherence levels to home exercise and monitor and record possible pain medication and other treatment modality usage, and adverse events during exercise. DESIGN A parallel randomised analyst-blinded feasibility trial with two-month follow-up. OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility related to aims and objectives. Multiple pain- and health-related patient-reported outcome measures of pain intensity, disability, central sensitization, anxiety, kinesiophobia, catastrophising, self-efficacy, sleep quality, quality of life, and health and well-being status. Exercise adherence, pain medication and other treatment modality usage, and possible adverse events related to exercises will be monitored and recorded. METHODS Thirty participants will be randomized to movement control exercise with SBTs (15 subjects in experimental group) or movement control exercise without SBTs (15 subjects in control group) in private chiropractic practice setting with two-month follow-up. Trial registration number; NCT05268822. DISCUSSION The clinical difference in effectiveness between practically identical exercise programs in uniform study settings with or without SBTs has not been studied before. This study aims to inform feasibility and help determine whether progression to a full-scale trial is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Mikkonen
- Private Practice, Mikonkatu 11, 00100, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Surgery (Incl. Physiatry), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hannu Luomajoki
- ZHAW School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, CH-8401, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Olavi Airaksinen
- Department of Surgery (Incl. Physiatry), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Liesbet Goubert
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Setia G, Ramanathan M, Bhavanani AB, Prabu BSM, B V, N A. Adjuvant yoga therapy for symptom management of functional dyspepsia: A case series. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100715. [PMID: 37216873 PMCID: PMC10213372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional Dyspepsia (FD), commonly called chronic indigestion, comes under the umbrella of 'Disorders of Gut-Brain Axis'. It manifests as a cluster of upper gastrointestinal symptoms including epigastric pain or burning, postprandial fullness and early satiety. Since the pathophysiology is complex, it is often difficult to effectively manage and significantly impacts the patient's quality of life. This case series aims to elucidate the role of Yoga as an adjuvant therapy to modern medicine in providing relief of dyspeptic symptoms in such patients. Yoga is an ancient Indian mind-body practise that has the potential to be used for various brain-gut disorders. Apart from treating the gut disorders from top down (mind-gut) pathway, it may have more direct physiological effects as well. Researches on IBS and one research on abdominal pain related FGID have shown Yoga therapy to be effective in ameliorating the symptoms. In this study, we present three such cases (1 male and 2 female) having a clinical diagnosis of FD in detail. These patients were initially non-responsive to medications but later showed remarkable improvement in symptoms within one month of added Yoga therapy intervention. This study was conducted as a part of a larger study conducted at a tertiary hospital in Pondicherry in collaboration between its Yoga department and Medical Gastroenterology Department. Yoga therapy protocol was given along with their regular medical management for a month. Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Dyspepsia Symptom Score questionnaires were used to assess symptoms before and after the intervention period. All three patients showed marked reductions in symptom scores both in the GSRS and Dyspepsia Questionnaire. The present case series suggests effect of adjuvant Yoga therapy in reducing symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Future studies may clarify the psycho-physiological basis of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Setia
- Institute of Salutogenesis & Complementary Medicine (ISCM), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) Deemed-to-be University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Meena Ramanathan
- School of Yoga Therapy, ISCM, SBV Deemed-to-be University, Pondicherry, India.
| | | | - B Sajeeth Manikanda Prabu
- Medical Gastroenterology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute (MGMCRI), SBV Deemed-to-be University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vinoth B
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital, Pondicherry, India
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Halappa NG. Integration of yoga within exercise and sports science as a preventive and management strategy for musculoskeletal injuries/disorders and mental disorders - A review of the literature. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 34:34-40. [PMID: 37301554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exercise-induced musculoskeletal injuries/disorders and associated mental disorders are prevalent among athletes. The main objective of this review is to analyze the prospects of Yoga practices as a preventive and management strategy for musculoskeletal injuries/disorders and associated mental disorders often encountered in exercise and sports activities. METHODS A review of the literature was performed using electronic databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed and google scholar published between January 1991 and December 2021 which yielded 88 research articles. The keywords used were yoga OR exercise AND musculoskeletal injuries OR disorders, yoga OR exercise AND mental disorders, yoga AND sports injuries, yoga AND stress, yoga OR exercise AND oxidative stress, yoga OR exercise AND inflammation, yoga OR exercise AND diet. RESULTS The moderate and regular exercises are beneficial to health. However, high intensity and overtraining physical activities lead to immune suppression, oxidative stress, muscle damage/fatigue, coronary risk, psychiatric disorders and so on due to enormous strain on various physiological functions. Yoga seems to undermine these adverse activities through up-regulating the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and down-regulating the activities of hypothalamohypophysial axis (HPA) which are conducive to healing, recovery, regeneration, reduction in stress, relaxation of mind, better cognitive functions, promotion of mental health, reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress, and so on. CONCLUSION Literature suggests that Yoga should be integrated within exercise and sports sciences mainly to prevent & manage musculoskeletal injuries/disorders and associated mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen G Halappa
- School of Public Health & School of Buddhist Studies, Philosophy and Comparative Religions, Nalanda University, Bihar, India.
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31
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Voss S, Cerna J, Gothe NP. Yoga Impacts Cognitive Health: Neurophysiological Changes and Stress Regulation Mechanisms. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:73-81. [PMID: 36342265 PMCID: PMC10033324 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Yoga, a physical and contemplative practice, offers the practitioner a unique mind-body exercise experience demonstrating preliminary efficacy in improving cognitive health. We examine the evidence for underlying mechanisms that explain the yoga-cognition relationship in healthy older adults. The cognitive benefits of yoga may be the result of improved stress regulation and neurocognitive resource efficiency that facilitate bidirectional brain-body communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Voss
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Jonathan Cerna
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Neha P. Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University
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32
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Koncz A, Nagy E, Csala B, Körmendi J, Gál V, Suhaj C, Selmeci C, Bogdán ÁS, Boros S, Köteles F. The effects of a complex yoga-based intervention on healthy psychological functioning. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1120992. [PMID: 37063561 PMCID: PMC10097994 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1120992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundYoga based interventions were found to have a positive impact on various indicators of psychological functioning, such as perceived stress, satisfaction with life, positive and negative affectivity. Additionally, such interventions improved bodily or interoceptive awareness and spirituality.MethodsThe present study assessed the effects of a 3-month long complex yoga-based intervention compared to a passive control group in a Hungarian community sample. The final sample consisted of 44 intervention (Mage = 47.5, SD = = 8.76) and 29 control participants (Mage = 47.4, SD = 9.47). The aforementioned constructs were measured 1 week before and after the intervention.ResultsThe intervention reduced participants’ perceived stress (p = <0.001, ηp2 = 0.153) and negative affectivity (p = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.113), improved spirituality (p = 0.048, ηp2 = 0.054) and various aspects of interoceptive awareness such as noticing (p = <0.001, ηp2 = 0.169) attention regulation (p = <0.001, ηp2 = 0.211), self-regulation (p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.190) body listening (p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.097), trusting (p = 0.026, ηp2 = 0.070), but did not impact positive affectivity and satisfaction with life.ConclusionA 3-months long complex yoga-based intervention has a positive impact on many aspects of healthy psychological functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Koncz
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Adam Koncz,
| | - Eszter Nagy
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Csala
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Körmendi
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vera Gál
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Suhaj
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csongor Selmeci
- Magyar Jóga Társaság/Hungarian Yoga Society, Veszprém, Hungary
| | | | - Szilvia Boros
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Köteles
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
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Loewenthal J, Innes KE, Mitzner M, Mita C, Orkaby AR. Effect of Yoga on Frailty in Older Adults : A Systematic Review. Ann Intern Med 2023; 176:524-535. [PMID: 36913687 DOI: 10.7326/m22-2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yoga, a multicomponent mind-body practice, improves several domains of physical and psychological health and may affect frailty in older adults. PURPOSE To evaluate the available trial evidence on the effect of yoga-based interventions on frailty in older adults. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central from their inception to 12 December 2022. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of yoga-based interventions, including at least 1 session of physical postures, on a validated frailty scale or single-item markers of frailty in adults aged 65 years or older. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data; 1 author assessed risk of bias with review from a second author. Disagreements were resolved through consensus and as-needed input from a third author. DATA SYNTHESIS Thirty-three studies (n = 2384 participants) were identified in varied populations, including community dwellers, nursing home residents, and those with chronic disease. Yoga styles were primarily based on Hatha yoga and most often included Iyengar or chair-based methods. Single-item frailty markers included measures of gait speed, handgrip strength, balance, lower-extremity strength and endurance, and multicomponent physical performance measures; no studies included a validated definition of frailty. When compared with education or inactive control, there was moderate-certainty evidence that yoga improved gait speed and lower-extremity strength and endurance, low-certainty evidence for balance and multicomponent physical function measures, and very low-certainty evidence for handgrip strength. LIMITATION Heterogeneity in study design and yoga style, small sample sizes, and reporting deficiencies leading to concerns for selection bias. CONCLUSION Yoga may affect frailty markers that are associated with clinically meaningful outcomes in older adult populations but may not offer benefit over active interventions (for example, exercise). PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE None. (PROSPERO: CRD42020130303).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Loewenthal
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (J.L.)
| | - Kim E Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia (K.E.I.)
| | - Margalit Mitzner
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (M.M.)
| | - Carol Mita
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (C.M.)
| | - Ariela R Orkaby
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.O.)
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Baklouti S, Fekih-Romdhane F, Guelmami N, Bonsaksen T, Baklouti H, Aloui A, Masmoudi L, Souissi N, Jarraya M. The effect of web-based Hatha yoga on psychological distress and sleep quality in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101715. [PMID: 36521407 PMCID: PMC9744484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there has been very limited experimental research on the impact of Yoga on older adults' mental health during the COVID-19 crisis. We aimed to explore the effect of a web-based Hatha yoga program on psychological and quality of sleep in older adults who self-isolated at home during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS Two hundred volunteers of both sexes were split into experimental (Yoga group, YG) and control (Control group, CG) groups, in a web-based randomized controlled study. All participants were administered the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); at baseline and following an eight-week online Hatha yoga intervention. RESULTS The YG showed significant reductions in depression (-56.1%; Z = 5.67, p < 0.01, r = 0.70) anxiety (-64.3%; Z = 5.27, p < 0.01, r = 0.65) and stress (-68.2%; Z = 5.86, r = 0.73) scores, while the CG showed a significant increase in depression. In addition, the total PSQI score of the YG was considerably lower during follow-up (3.38 ± 2.02, p < 0.05) than at baseline (4.8 ± 32, p < 0.05), which indicates an improvement of the quality of sleep. The proportion of individuals experiencing good sleep from the YG increased from 63% to 85% after the Hatha yoga intervention. CONCLUSION The use of a web-based Hatha Yoga intervention program was associated with a beneficial effect on the mental health and quality of sleep in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Baklouti
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Sport Observatory, Tunis, Tunisia,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia,Department of Psychiatry Ibn Omrane, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia,Corresponding author. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Noomen Guelmami
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia,Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Social and Health Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway,Department of Health, Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Sandnes, Norway
| | - Hana Baklouti
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Sport Observatory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Aloui
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Sport Observatory, Tunis, Tunisia,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit (UR18JS01), National Sport Observatory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, 3000, Tunisia
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Li H, Qin W, Li N, Feng S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang T, Wang C, Cai X, Sun W, Song Y, Han D, Liu Y. Effect of mindfulness on anxiety and depression in insomnia patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1124344. [PMID: 36937735 PMCID: PMC10018191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1124344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a common clinical symptom, insomnia has a high incidence of combined mental illness and it is also a risk factor for the development of depression, anxiety and suicide. As a new concept in the field of health in recent years, mindfulness therapy can improve insomnia, anxiety and depression, which is a new way to solve such diseases. Objective This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of mindfulness compared with conventional treatment on scores of the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) in people with insomnia and anxiety-depressive symptoms. Methods Articles published before October 2022 were searched from seven databases and included in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate mindfulness therapy. The assessment tool of Cochrane bias risk was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the literature. The main outcome indicators were HAMD and HAMA scores, and the secondary outcome indicators were SDS and SAS scores. Results Ten randomized controlled trials including 1,058 subjects were systematically evaluated and meta-analyzed in this study. In the main outcome indicators, there was a significant difference between mindfulness therapy and conventional treatment in reducing HAMD score (MD: -3.67, 95% CI: -5.22-2.11, p < 0.01) and HAMA score (MD: -3.23, 95% CI: -3.90-2.57, p < 0.01). In the secondary outcome indicators, mindfulness therapy also showed a significant difference in reducing SDS scores (MD: -6.49, 95% CI: -6.86-6.11, p < 0.01) and SAS scores (MD: -7.97, 95% CI: -9.68-6.27, p < 0.01) compared with conventional treatment. Conclusion For the people with insomnia, anxiety and depression, the use of conventional treatment with the addition of 4-12 weeks of mindfulness treatment can significantly improve anxiety and depression symptoms of patients. This is a new diagnosis and treatment idea recommended for insomniacs with or without anxiety and depression symptoms. Due to the methodological defects in the included study and the limited sample size of this paper, more well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Li
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Qin
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shixing Feng
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenlu Wang
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanyi Cai
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Song
- School of Humanities, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongran Han
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongran Han, ; Yixing Liu,
| | - Yixing Liu
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongran Han, ; Yixing Liu,
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Malviya S, Zupan B, Meredith P. Alternative interventions in clinical mental health settings: A survey of mental health professionals' perceptions. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 49:101668. [PMID: 36179597 PMCID: PMC9487191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Malviya
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia,Corresponding author. Occupational Therapy, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences CQUniversity Australia, Building 34/ Office 1.19, Bruce Highway Rockhampton, 4701, Queensland, Australia
| | - Barbra Zupan
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pamela Meredith
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Australia
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37
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Effect of Prenatal Yoga on Heart Rate Variability and Cardio-Respiratory Synchronization: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195777. [PMID: 36233643 PMCID: PMC9573300 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to assess the effects of prenatal yoga on heart rate variability (HRV) and cardio-respiratory synchronization, used as proxies of autonomic nervous system activity. Sixty-nine healthy pregnant women were included; 33 in a yoga group attending at least one 90-min yoga class weekly throughout pregnancy, and 36 controls not involved in formal pregnancy exercise programs. Measurements of the time domain (SDNN, standard deviation of regular R-R intervals, and RMSSD, square root of mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals) and frequency domain (ln(LF/HF), natural logarithm of low-frequency to high-frequency power) HRV indices, as well as cardio-respiratory synchronization indexes were performed once per trimester before and after yoga or 30-min moderate-intensity walk. A statistical comparison was performed using a three-way analysis of the variance (p < 0.05 significant). Both the time domain and frequency domain HRV indices showed significant shifts towards parasympathetic dominance following yoga when compared to the controls throughout pregnancy (p = 0.002 for SDNN, p < 0.001 for RMSSD, and p = 0.006 for ln(LF/HF), respectively). There was a statistically non-significant trend towards higher synchronization between respiratory frequency and heart rate following yoga vs. controls (p = 0.057). Regular prenatal yoga was associated with enhanced parasympathetic activation persisting throughout pregnancy.
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Demir Yıldırım A, Güngör Satılmış İ. The Effects of Yoga on Pregnancy, Stress, and Anxiety in Infertile Individuals: A Systematic Review. Holist Nurs Pract 2022; 36:275-283. [PMID: 35981112 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is believed that practicing yoga has a healing effect on reproductive organs and increases blood circulation. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the results of previous studies on the effects of practicing yoga on infertility problems, depression caused by infertility, and pregnancy outcomes. This literature review was conducted from July through August 2020 from the following sources: Cochrane, Science Direct, Scopus, Medline, Complementary Index, and Google Scholar for the international data; Turkish Academic Network and Information Center, and the Council of Higher Education Thesis Search Database for the Turkish data. "Infertility" and "yoga" keywords were used, and the related publications were searched without date limitations. Twenty-four research articles that involved the practice of yoga were included in the study. The included studies were conducted in 9 different countries, the majority of which (n = 12) were conducted in India. In 3 of the studies, hatha yoga, and in 1 study, vinyasa yoga were performed; in the other studies, different yoga asanas that activated the pelvic regions were performed. In this systematic review, yoga practice was found to have a positive effect on stress, anxiety, and depression and emphasized that it should be applied as adjunctive therapy, especially during in vitro fertilization treatment. These studies have also shown that practicing yoga has a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Demir Yıldırım
- Midwifery Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey (Dr Demir Yıldırım); and Department of Women's Health and Diseases, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey (Dr Güngör Satılmış)
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Ketcheson LR, Wengrovius CM, Staples KL, Miodrag N. MYTime: A Mindfulness and Yoga Program to Promote Health Outcomes in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Glob Adv Health Med 2022; 11:2164957X221110154. [PMID: 35959100 PMCID: PMC9358203 DOI: 10.1177/2164957x221110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parenting a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder can be stressful and result in health consequences for the caregivers, a population that is often overlooked and underserved. While mind-body interventions such as mindfulness yoga can help promote positive health outcomes, limited research has explored the impact of such a program on caregivers of children on the autism spectrum. Objective The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week mindfulness yoga program (MYtime) on perceived stress, anxiety, and depression among urban caregivers of children on the autism spectrum. Methods Twenty-seven parents were randomized into either MYTime (n = 13) or the control group (n = 14). Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) were administered. Results The MYTime group reported lower stress, depression and anxiety while the control group maintained similar scores across pre- and post-assessment. Following 12 weeks of participation the PSS and DASS scores improved by 25% and 49% respectively for parents in the MYTime group. In comparison, PSS scores worsened by 5% and DASS scores improved by 17% for the Control group. Differences in pre-and post-assessment scores were not significant for either group (P > .05). Conclusion The results from this pilot study indicate that a mindfulness yoga program could be considered among feasible interventions aimed at improving the health of parents of children on the autism spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Ketcheson
- Division of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Kerri L Staples
- School of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Nancy Miodrag
- College of Health and Human Development, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
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40
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Kramer-Kostecka EN, Fulkerson JA, Sherwood NE, Barr-Anderson DJ, Larson N, Neumark-Sztainer D. What Brings Young Adults to the Yoga Mat? Cross-Sectional Associations Between Motivational Profiles and Physical and Psychological Health Among Participants in the Project EAT-IV Survey. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:664-673. [PMID: 35527690 PMCID: PMC9419988 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study examines motivations for yoga and identifies unique motivational profiles among a sample of young adult yoga practitioners. This study further determines how young adult yoga practitioners' motivational profiles associate with physical health behaviors and psychological factors. Subjects/Setting: Survey data were drawn from the fourth wave of a large, population-based study (Project EAT-IV; Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults). Design: Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify motivational profiles among Project EAT-IV participants practicing yoga (n = 297; mean age: 30.8-1.7 years; 79.7 % female). Cross-sectional associations between latent motivational profiles, physical health behaviors, and psychological factors were determined with unadjusted and adjusted (gender, race/ethnicity, and body mass index) general linear models. Results: Across motivational profiles, most young adult yoga practitioners were motivated by enhanced fitness and stress reduction/relaxation. Additional motivations for yoga clustered by appearance (desire to change body appearance or weight) or mindfulness (desire to increase present moment awareness) underpinnings. The LCA characterized motivational profiles as "Low Appearance, Low Mindfulness" (Class 1; n = 77), "Low Appearance, High Mindfulness" (Class 2; n = 48), "High Appearance, Low Mindfulness" (Class 3; n = 79), and "High Appearance, High Mindfulness" (Class 4; n = 93). Having a profile with high mindfulness and low appearance motivations (Class 2) was associated with higher body satisfaction in comparison to the other classes (p < 0.001). Relative to Class 2, those with low mindfulness motivations (Class 1; Class 3) reported less total physical activity (p = 0.002) and those with high appearance motivations (Class 3; Class 4) reported higher compulsive exercise scores (p = 0.002). Conclusions: In this sample, high mindfulness and low appearance motivations for yoga appeared optimal for physical and psychological health. Cross-sectional findings suggest that young adult yoga practitioners' mind-body health may be supported by motivational underpinnings that emphasize yoga's internal (mindfulness) rather than external (appearance) benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eydie N. Kramer-Kostecka
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Nancy E. Sherwood
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Nicole Larson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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41
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The Psychophysiological Profile and Cardiac Autonomic Reactivity in Long-Term Female Yoga Practitioners: A Comparison with Runners and Sedentary Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137671. [PMID: 35805328 PMCID: PMC9266125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yoga practice, a means of stress management, has been reported to optimize psychophysiological health; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychophysiological profile and cardiac autonomic reactivity in long-term yoga practitioners and compare them to runners and sedentary individuals. Psychological health and aerobic fitness level were evaluated using self-reported questionnaires and a 3-min step test. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were recorded at rest, as well as during and following psychological stress, which was elicited by the Stroop color and word test and the mental arithmetic task. The yoga group demonstrated a lower RR (10.35 ± 2.13 bpm) as compared to the other two groups, and a lower HR (66.60 ± 7.55 bpm) and diastolic BP (67.75 ± 8.38 mmHg) at rest when compared to the sedentary group (all p < 0.05). HRV parameters following mental stress returned to the baseline in yoga and running groups, but not in the sedentary group. The anxiety level in the running group was significantly lower than that in the sedentary group (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that yoga practitioners may have a greater homeostatic capacity and autonomic resilience than do sedentary individuals.
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42
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Malviya S, Zupan B, Meredith P. Evidence of religious/spiritual singing and movement in mental health: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 47:101567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kaur S, D’Silva A, Shaheen AA, Raman M. Yoga in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2022; 4:otac014. [PMID: 36777040 PMCID: PMC9802393 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the global prevalence of IBD is increasing. Patients with IBD often experience a high psychosocial burden, worsening their IBD symptoms and increasing relapse, hospitalization rates, and healthcare costs, which impairs their quality of life (QoL). Evidence suggests that mind-body intervention in many chronic illnesses is effective in improving symptoms and QoL. Yoga is the most frequently used mind-body practice globally. Meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials and prospective studies have highlighted that yoga improves symptoms and QoL of patients with IBD; however, recommendations about indications for yoga as well as dose and frequency of yoga are lacking. The present narrative review aims to describe the available evidence regarding the effects of yoga on common patient-reported outcome measures in IBD, including depression, anxiety, stress, and QoL. Physicians can hence promote yoga interventions in their discussions with patients to help control these IBD-related outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdel-Aziz Shaheen
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Address correspondence to: Maitreyi Raman, 6D33 TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada ()
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van Loon AWG, Creemers HE, Okorn A, Vogelaar S, Miers AC, Saab N, Westenberg PM, Asscher JJ. The effects of school‐based interventions on physiological stress in adolescents: A meta‐analysis. Stress Health 2022; 38:187-209. [PMID: 34275188 PMCID: PMC9291930 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with dysregulations in the physiological stress system, resulting in diverse negative developmental outcomes. Since adolescence is a period characterized by increased stress-sensitivity, and schools are an important environment for the developing adolescent, school-based interventions promoting psychosocial functioning are of particular interest to prevent adverse outcomes. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the effectiveness of such interventions on hypothalamic pituitary adrenal-axis (i.e., cortisol) and cardiovascular (i.e., blood pressure [BP] and heart rate [HR]/heart rate variability [HRV]) parameters of stress in adolescents, and examined moderators of effectiveness. The search resulted in the inclusion of k = 9 studies for cortisol, k = 16 studies for BP, and k = 20 studies for HR/HRV. The results indicated a significant small overall effect on reducing BP, but no significant effect for HR/HRV. For cortisol, large methodological variation in the few primary studies did not allow for quantitative analyses, but a qualitative review demonstrated inconsistent results. For BP and HR/HRV, larger effects were observed for intervention programs with a mindfulness and/or meditation component, for interventions without a cognitive-behavioural component and for interventions with a higher intensity. Providing adolescents with techniques to improve indicators of physiological stress may prevent emerging mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanneke E. Creemers
- Forensic Child and Youth Care SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ana Okorn
- Department of Child and Adolescent StudiesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Behavioural Science InstituteRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Simone Vogelaar
- Developmental and Educational PsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Anne C. Miers
- Developmental and Educational PsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Nadira Saab
- Graduate School of Teaching (ICLON)Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jessica J. Asscher
- Department of Child and Adolescent StudiesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Forensic Child and Youth Care SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Cheshire A, Richards R, Cartwright T. 'Joining a group was inspiring': a qualitative study of service users' experiences of yoga on social prescription. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:67. [PMID: 35287676 PMCID: PMC8922896 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yoga is becoming an increasingly popular holistic approach in the West to manage long-term health conditions. This study presents the evaluation of a pilot yoga intervention, Yoga4Health, that was developed for the NHS to be socially prescribed to patients at risk of developing specific health conditions (risk factors for cardiovascular disease, pre-diabetes, anxiety/depression or experiencing social isolation). The aim of this qualitative study was to explore service users’ experiences of Yoga4Health and the acceptability of the programme. Methods Qualitative data were collected from three sources: 1. Open-ended questions on questionnaires completed by services users at three different time-points (baseline, post intervention and 3 months); 2. Interviews and focus groups with a subset of participants (n = 22); 3. interviews with yoga teachers delivering Yoga4Health (n = 7). Each data source was analysed thematically, then findings were combined. Results Of participants completing baseline questionnaires (n = 240), 82.5% were female, 50% White, with a mean age of 53 (range 23–82) years. Baseline questionnaires revealed key motivations to attend Yoga4Health were to improve psychological and physical health, and believing Yoga4Health would be accessible for people with their health condition. Post-intervention, participants reported a range of benefits across psychological, physical and social domains from Yoga4Health. Increased confidence in self-management of health was also reported, and a number of participants described making positive lifestyle changes after attending the programme. Unanticipated benefits of yoga emerged for participants, such as enjoyment and social connectedness, which facilitated ongoing attendance and practice. Also key to facilitating practice (during and after the intervention) were suitability of the classes for those with health conditions, practising with a group and qualities of the yoga teacher. Home practice was supported by course materials (manual, videos), as well as the teaching of techniques for everyday application that offered immediate benefits, such as breathing practices. Follow-up questionnaires revealed a key challenge was continuation of practice once the intervention had finished, with the structure of a class important in supporting practice. Conclusions Yoga4Health was a highly acceptable intervention to services users, which brought a range of biopsychosocial improvements, suggesting yoga is an appropriate intervention to offer on social prescription. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cheshire
- School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK
| | | | - Tina Cartwright
- School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, UK.
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46
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Tremont G, Davis J, Ott BR, Uebelacker L, Kenney L, Gillette T, Britton K, Sanborn V. Feasibility of a Yoga Intervention for Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:250-260. [PMID: 35294301 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Yoga is a potentially low risk intervention for cognitive impairment that combines mental and physical practice and includes instruction on breathing, stress reduction, and mindfulness meditation. Previous research documents that yoga can target modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression. The authors describe a randomized feasibility trial of yoga for individuals with MCI. Methods: Participants were 37 individuals with amnestic MCI who were randomly assigned to receive 12 weeks of twice-weekly yoga intervention (YI) or healthy living education (HLE) classes. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed by tracking adverse events, class attendance, and participant satisfaction. Participants completed neuropsychological and mood measures as well as measures of potential intervention mechanisms at baseline and immediately postintervention. Results: Participants in both conditions reported high levels of satisfaction and reasonable class attendance rates. Home practice rates were low. There were no adverse events deemed related to the YI. Results showed a medium effect size in favor of the YI in visuospatial skills. The yoga group also showed a large effect size indicating decline in perceived stress compared with the HLE group, whereas HLE resulted in greater reductions in depressive symptoms after the intervention (large effect size). Conclusions: Study findings indicated that the YI was safe, modestly feasible, and acceptable to older adults with MCI. The authors found preliminary evidence that yoga may improve visuospatial functioning in individuals with MCI. Results support stress reduction as a possible mechanism for the YI. Future studies should address a YI in a larger sample and include strategies to enhance engagement and home practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Tremont
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brian R Ott
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisa Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lauren Kenney
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tom Gillette
- Eyes of the World Yoga Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Karysa Britton
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Victoria Sanborn
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Gunillasdotter V, Andréasson S, Jirwe M, Ekblom Ö, Hallgren M. Effects of exercise in non-treatment seeking adults with alcohol use disorder: A three-armed randomized controlled trial (FitForChange). Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 232:109266. [PMID: 35033949 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) do not seek treatment. Stigma and the desire to self-manage the problem are likely explanations. Exercise is an emerging treatment option but studies in non-treatment seeking individuals are lacking. We compared the effects of aerobic exercise, yoga, and treatment as usual (phone-based support) on alcohol consumption in non-treatment seeking adults with AUD. METHODS Three-group parallel, single blind, randomized controlled trial. 140 physically inactive adults aged 18-75 diagnosed with AUD were included in this community-based trial. Participants were randomized to either aerobic exercise (n = 49), yoga (n = 46) or treatment as usual (n = 45) for 12-weeks. The primary study outcome was weekly alcohol consumption at week 13 (Timeline Follow-back). RESULTS A significant decrease in weekly alcohol consumption was seen in all three groups: aerobic exercise (mean ∆ = - 5.0, 95% C = - 10.3, - 3.5), yoga group (mean ∆ = - 6.9, 95% CI = - 10.3, - 3.5) and TAU (mean ∆ = - 6.6, 95% CI = - 8.8, - 4.4). The between group changes were not statistically significant at follow-up. Per-protocol analyzes showed that the mean number of drinks per week reduced more in both TAU (mean ∆ = - 7.1, 95% CI = - 10.6, - 3.7) and yoga (mean ∆ = - 8.7, 95% CI = - 13.2, - 4.1) compared to aerobic exercise (mean ∆ = - 1.7, 95% CI = - 4.4, 1. 0), [F(2, 55) = 4.9, p = 0.011]. CONCLUSIONS Participation in a 12-week stand-alone exercise program was associated with clinically meaningful reductions in alcohol consumption comparable to usual care (phone counseling) by an alcohol treatment specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Gunillasdotter
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Sweden, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Services, 114 35 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Andréasson
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Sweden, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Services, 114 35 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Jirwe
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Health Sciences, the Swedish Red Cross University College, 14121 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Swedish School of Sport and Health Science (GIH), Lidingövägen 1, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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48
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Estevao C. The role of yoga in inflammatory markers. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 20:100421. [PMID: 35199049 PMCID: PMC8842003 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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49
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Welford P, Östh J, Hoy S, Diwan V, Hallgren M. Effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on wellbeing in physically inactive older adults: randomized controlled trial (FitForAge). Complement Ther Med 2022; 66:102815. [PMID: 35143970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of yoga and aerobic exercise (AE) on wellbeing in physically inactive, but otherwise healthy older adults. A secondary objective was to assess and compare the frequency of adverse events associated with yoga and AE. DESIGN Twelve-week, three-group, parallel randomized controlled trial with blinded follow-up assessment. INTERVENTIONS Participants were supported to complete ≥3 Hatha yoga classes/week or ≥3 AE sessions/week. A wait-list control (WLC) group continued usual daily activities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Change in wellbeing, assessed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Life Satisfaction Index-Z (LSI),at baseline and at 12-week follow up. RESULTS In total, 82 adults (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-85, 77% female) were recruited. Of these, 27 were randomized to yoga, 29 to aerobic exercise and 26 to wait-list control. Medium-magnitude treatment effects (Hedges' g) were seen for yoga versus WLC and AE versus WLC(SWLS, g = 0.65 and 0.56; LSI, g = 0.54 and 0.54, respectively). In per-protocol analyses, larger effect sizes were found (SWLS, g = 0.72 and 0.66; LSI, g = 0.76 and 0.76, respectively). Adverse events were less frequent in the yoga group (6/27; 22%) compared to AE (10/27; 37%). CONCLUSIONS Among physically inactive older adults, participation in yoga or AE was associated with beneficial effects on subjective wellbeing when compared to a non-active control group. Yoga was associated with fewer injuries and may be especially suitable for older adults (DRKS 00015093).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Welford
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Josefine Östh
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sara Hoy
- Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vinod Diwan
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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50
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OUP accepted manuscript. Health Promot Int 2022:6564482. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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