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Qadir MMF, Elgamal RM, Song K, Kudtarkar P, Sakamuri SSVP, Katakam PV, El-Dahr S, Kolls JK, Gaulton KJ, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Single cell regulatory architecture of human pancreatic islets suggests sex differences in β cell function and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589096. [PMID: 38645001 PMCID: PMC11030320 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Biological sex affects the pathogenesis of type 2 and type 1 diabetes (T2D, T1D) including the development of β cell failure observed more often in males. The mechanisms that drive sex differences in β cell failure is unknown. Studying sex differences in islet regulation and function represent a unique avenue to understand the sex-specific heterogeneity in β cell failure in diabetes. Here, we examined sex and race differences in human pancreatic islets from up to 52 donors with and without T2D (including 37 donors from the Human Pancreas Analysis Program [HPAP] dataset) using an orthogonal series of experiments including single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), single nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq), dynamic hormone secretion, and bioenergetics. In cultured islets from nondiabetic (ND) donors, in the absence of the in vivo hormonal environment, sex differences in islet cell type gene accessibility and expression predominantly involved sex chromosomes. Of particular interest were sex differences in the X-linked KDM6A and Y-linked KDM5D chromatin remodelers in female and male islet cells respectively. Islets from T2D donors exhibited similar sex differences in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from sex chromosomes. However, in contrast to islets from ND donors, islets from T2D donors exhibited major sex differences in DEGs from autosomes. Comparing β cells from T2D and ND donors revealed that females had more DEGs from autosomes compared to male β cells. Gene set enrichment analysis of female β cell DEGs showed a suppression of oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain pathways, while male β cell had suppressed insulin secretion pathways. Thus, although sex-specific differences in gene accessibility and expression of cultured ND human islets predominantly affect sex chromosome genes, major differences in autosomal gene expression between sexes appear during the transition to T2D and which highlight mitochondrial failure in female β cells.
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Nakhe AY, Dadi PK, Kim J, Dickerson MT, Behera S, Dobson JR, Shrestha S, Cartailler JP, Sampson L, Magnuson MA, Jacobson DA. The MODY-associated KCNK16 L114P mutation increases islet glucagon secretion and limits insulin secretion resulting in transient neonatal diabetes and glucose dyshomeostasis in adults. eLife 2024; 12:RP89967. [PMID: 38700926 PMCID: PMC11068355 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The gain-of-function mutation in the TALK-1 K+ channel (p.L114P) is associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). TALK-1 is a key regulator of β-cell electrical activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The KCNK16 gene encoding TALK-1 is the most abundant and β-cell-restricted K+ channel transcript. To investigate the impact of KCNK16 L114P on glucose homeostasis and confirm its association with MODY, a mouse model containing the Kcnk16 L114P mutation was generated. Heterozygous and homozygous Kcnk16 L114P mice exhibit increased neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6J and the CD-1 (ICR) genetic background, respectively. Lethality is likely a result of severe hyperglycemia observed in the homozygous Kcnk16 L114P neonates due to lack of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and can be reduced with insulin treatment. Kcnk16 L114P increased whole-cell β-cell K+ currents resulting in blunted glucose-stimulated Ca2+ entry and loss of glucose-induced Ca2+ oscillations. Thus, adult Kcnk16 L114P mice have reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and plasma insulin levels, which significantly impairs glucose homeostasis. Taken together, this study shows that the MODY-associated Kcnk16 L114P mutation disrupts glucose homeostasis in adult mice resembling a MODY phenotype and causes neonatal lethality by inhibiting islet insulin secretion during development. These data suggest that TALK-1 is an islet-restricted target for the treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Y Nakhe
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Jinsun Kim
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Matthew T Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Soma Behera
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Jordyn R Dobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Shristi Shrestha
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | | | - Leesa Sampson
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleUnited States
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Gu G, Brown M, Agan V, Nevills S, Hu R, Simmons A, Xu Y, Yang Y, Yagan M, Najam S, Dadi P, Sampson L, Magnuson M, Jacobson D, Lau K, Hodges E. Endocrine islet β-cell subtypes with differential function are derived from biochemically distinct embryonic endocrine islet progenitors that are regulated by maternal nutrients. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3946483. [PMID: 38496675 PMCID: PMC10942487 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3946483/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine islet b cells comprise heterogenous cell subsets. Yet when/how these subsets are produced and how stable they are remain unknown. Addressing these questions is important for preventing/curing diabetes, because lower numbers of b cells with better secretory function is a high risk of this disease. Using combinatorial cell lineage tracing, scRNA-seq, and DNA methylation analysis, we show here that embryonic islet progenitors with distinct gene expression and DNA methylation produce b-cell subtypes of different function and viability in adult mice. The subtype with better function is enriched for genes involved in vesicular production/trafficking, stress response, and Ca2+-secretion coupling, which further correspond to differential DNA methylation in putative enhancers of these genes. Maternal overnutrition, a major diabetes risk factor, reduces the proportion of endocrine progenitors of the b-cell subtype with better-function via deregulating DNA methyl transferase 3a. Intriguingly, the gene signature that defines mouse b-cell subtypes can reliably divide human cells into two sub-populations while the proportion of b cells with better-function is reduced in diabetic donors. The implication of these results is that modulating DNA methylation in islet progenitors using maternal food supplements can be explored to improve b-cell function in the prevention and therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yilin Yang
- Vanderbilty University School of Medicine
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Nakhe AY, Dadi PK, Kim J, Dickerson MT, Behera S, Dobson JR, Shrestha S, Cartailler JP, Sampson L, Magnuson MA, Jacobson DA. The MODY-associated KCNK16 L114P mutation increases islet glucagon secretion and limits insulin secretion resulting in transient neonatal diabetes and glucose dyshomeostasis in adults. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.20.545631. [PMID: 37546831 PMCID: PMC10401960 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.20.545631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The gain-of-function mutation in the TALK-1 K + channel (p.L114P) is associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). TALK-1 is a key regulator of β-cell electrical activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The KCNK16 gene encoding TALK-1, is the most abundant and β-cell-restricted K + channel transcript. To investigate the impact of KCNK16 L114P on glucose homeostasis and confirm its association with MODY, a mouse model containing the Kcnk16 L114P mutation was generated. Heterozygous and homozygous Kcnk16 L114P mice exhibit increased neonatal lethality in the C57BL/6J and the mixed C57BL/6J:CD-1(ICR) genetic background, respectively. Lethality is likely a result of severe hyperglycemia observed in the homozygous Kcnk16 L114P neonates due to lack of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and can be reduced with insulin treatment. Kcnk16 L114P increased whole-cell β-cell K + currents resulting in blunted glucose-stimulated Ca 2+ entry and loss of glucose-induced Ca 2+ oscillations. Thus, adult Kcnk16 L114P mice have reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and plasma insulin levels, which significantly impaired glucose homeostasis. Taken together, this study shows that the MODY-associated Kcnk16 L114P mutation disrupts glucose homeostasis in adult mice resembling a MODY phenotype and causes neonatal lethality by inhibiting islet hormone secretion during development. These data strongly suggest that TALK-1 is an islet-restricted target for the treatment of diabetes.
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Cherian CM, Reeves HR, De Silva D, Tsao S, Marshall KE, Rideout EJ. Consideration of sex as a biological variable in diabetes research across twenty years. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:19. [PMID: 38409052 PMCID: PMC10895746 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences exist in the risk of developing type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and in the risk of developing diabetes-associated complications. Sex differences in glucose homeostasis, islet and β cell biology, and peripheral insulin sensitivity have also been reported. Yet, we lack detailed information on the mechanisms underlying these differences, preventing the development of sex-informed therapeutic strategies for persons living with diabetes. To chart a path toward greater inclusion of biological sex as a variable in diabetes research, we first need a detailed assessment of common practices in the field. METHODS We developed a scoring system to evaluate the inclusion of biological sex in manuscripts published in Diabetes, a journal published by the American Diabetes Association. We chose Diabetes as this journal focuses solely on diabetes and diabetes-related research, and includes manuscripts that use both clinical and biomedical approaches. We scored papers published across 3 years within a 20-year period (1999, 2009, 2019), a timeframe that spans the introduction of funding agency and journal policies designed to improve the consideration of biological sex as a variable. RESULTS Our analysis showed fewer than 15% of papers used sex-based analysis in even one figure across all study years, a trend that was reproduced across journal-defined categories of diabetes research (e.g., islet studies, signal transduction). Single-sex studies accounted for approximately 40% of all manuscripts, of which > 87% used male subjects only. While we observed a modest increase in the overall inclusion of sex as a biological variable during our study period, our data highlight significant opportunities for improvement in diabetes research practices. We also present data supporting a positive role for journal policies in promoting better consideration of biological sex in diabetes research. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis provides significant insight into common practices in diabetes research related to the consideration of biological sex as a variable. Based on our analysis we recommend ways that diabetes researchers can improve inclusion of biological sex as a variable. In the long term, improved practices will reveal sex-specific mechanisms underlying diabetes risk and complications, generating knowledge to enable the development of sex-informed prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celena M Cherian
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hayley R Reeves
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Duneesha De Silva
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Orthopaedics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Serena Tsao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Life Sciences Center, 2350 Health Sciences Mall (RM3308), Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Buemi A, Mourad NI, Ambroise J, Hoton D, Devresse A, Darius T, Kanaan N, Gianello P, Mourad M. Donor- and isolation-related predictive factors of in vitro secretory function of cultured human islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1345351. [PMID: 38444584 PMCID: PMC10913008 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1345351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Human islet preparations designated for research exhibit diverse insulin-secretory profiles. This study aims to assess the impact of donor- and isolation-related factors on in vitro islet secretory function. Methods A retrospective analysis of 46 isolations from 23 pancreata discarded for clinical transplantation was conducted. In vitro islet secretory function tests were performed on Day 1 and Day 7 of culture. Linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) were employed to investigate the relationships between various predictors characterizing the patient and donor characteristics as well as the isolation effectiveness and two functional outcomes including the islet stimulation index (SI) and area under the insulin curve (AUC). Fixed effects were introduced to represent the main effects of each predictor, and backward elimination was utilized to select the most significant fixed effects for the final model. Interaction effects between the timepoint (Day 7 vs. Day 1) and the predictors were also evaluated to assess whether predictors were associated with the temporal evolution of SI and AUC. Fold-change (Fc) values associated with each predictor were obtained by exponentiating the corresponding coefficients of the models, which were built on log-transformed outcomes. Results Analysis using LMMs revealed that donor body mass index (BMI) (Fc = 0.961, 95% CI = 0.927-0.996, p = 0.05), donor gender (female vs. male, Fc = 0.702, 95% CI = 0.524-0.942, p = 0.04), and donor hypertension (Fc = 0.623, 95% CI = 0.466-0.832, p= <0.01) were significantly and independently associated with SI. Moreover, donor gender (Fc = 0.512, 95% CI = 0.302-0.864, p = 0.02), donor cause of death (cerebrovascular accident vs. cardiac arrest, Fc = 2.129, 95% CI = 0.915-4.946, p = 0.09; trauma vs. cardiac arrest, Fc = 2.129, 95% CI = 1.112-7.106, p = 0.04), pancreas weight (Fc = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.001-1.019, p = 0.03), and islet equivalent (IEQ)/mg (Fc = 1.277, 95% CI = 1.088-1.510, p ≤ 0.01) were significantly and independently associated with AUC. There was no predictor significantly associated with the temporal evolution between Day 1 and Day 7 for both SI and AUC outcomes. Conclusion This study identified donor- and isolation-related factors influencing in vitro islet secretory function. Further investigations are essential to validate the applicability of these results in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Buemi
- Department of Surgery, Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nizar I. Mourad
- IREC, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delphine Hoton
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Devresse
- Department of Surgery, Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Darius
- Department of Surgery, Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nada Kanaan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- IREC, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Mourad
- Department of Surgery, Surgery and Abdominal Transplantation Division, Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Jacobo-Piqueras N, Theiner T, Geisler SM, Tuluc P. Molecular mechanism responsible for sex differences in electrical activity of mouse pancreatic β cells. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e171609. [PMID: 38358819 PMCID: PMC11063940 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In humans, type 2 diabetes mellitus shows a higher prevalence in men compared with women, a phenotype that has been attributed to a lower peripheral insulin sensitivity in men. Whether sex-specific differences in pancreatic β cell function also contribute is largely unknown. Here, we characterized the electrophysiological properties of β cells in intact male and female mouse islets. Elevation of glucose concentration above 5 mM triggered an electrical activity with a similar glucose dependence in β cells of both sexes. However, female β cells had a more depolarized membrane potential and increased firing frequency compared with males. The higher membrane depolarization in female β cells was caused by approximately 50% smaller Kv2.1 K+ currents compared with males but otherwise unchanged KATP, large-conductance and small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels, and background TASK1/TALK1 K+ current densities. In female β cells, the higher depolarization caused a membrane potential-dependent inactivation of the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaV), resulting in reduced Ca2+ entry. Nevertheless, this reduced Ca2+ influx was offset by a higher action potential firing frequency. Because exocytosis of insulin granules does not show a sex-specific difference, we conclude that the higher electrical activity promotes insulin release in females, improving glucose tolerance.
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Bagheripour F, Jeddi S, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. Anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of L-citrulline are sex-dependent. Life Sci 2024; 339:122432. [PMID: 38237764 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of L-citrulline (Cit) have been reported in male rats. This study determined sex differences in response to Cit in Wistar rats. MAIN METHODS Type 2 diabetes (T2D) was induced using a high-fat diet followed by low-dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) injection. Male and female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group): Control, control+Cit, T2D, and T2D + Cit. Cit (4 g/L in drinking water) was administered for 8 weeks. Obesity indices were recorded, serum fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured, and glucose and pyruvate tolerance tests were performed during the Cit intervention. White (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues were weighted, and the adiposity index was calculated at the end of the study. KEY FINDINGS Cit was more effective in decreasing fasting glucose (18 % vs. 11 %, P = 0.0100), triglyceride (20 % vs. 14 %, P = 0.0173), and total cholesterol (16 % vs. 11 %, P = 0.0200) as well as decreasing gluconeogenesis and improving glucose tolerance, in females compared to male rats with T2D. Following Cit administration, decreases in WAT weight (16 % vs. 14 % for gonadal, 21 % vs. 16 % for inguinal, and 18 % vs. 13 % for retroperitoneal weight, all P < 0.0001) and increases in BAT weight (58 % vs. 19 %, for interscapular and 10 % vs. 7 % for axillary, all P < 0.0001) were higher in females than male rats with T2D. The decrease in adiposity index was also higher (11 % vs. 9 %, P = 0.0007) in females. SIGNIFICANCE The anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of Cit in rats are sex-dependent, with Cit being more effective in female than male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bagheripour
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, NY, USA.
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhao T, Tian Y, Zhao J, Sun D, Ma Y, Wang W, Yan W, Jiao P, Ma J. Loss of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphate-5 aggravates islet dysfunction in mice with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23437. [PMID: 38305849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301479r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Impaired functionality and loss of islet β-cells are the primary abnormalities underlying the pathogenesis of both type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM). However, specific therapeutic and preventive mechanisms underlying these conditions remain unclear. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-5 (MKP-5) has been implicated in carcinogenesis, lipid metabolism regulation, and immune cell activation. In a previous study, we demonstrated the involvement of exogenous MKP-5 in the regulation of obesity-induced T2DM. However, the role of endogenous MKP-5 in the T1DM and T2DM processes is unclear. Thus, mice with MKP-5 knockout (KO) were generated and used to establish mouse models of both T1DM and T2DM. Our results showed that MKP-5 KO exacerbated diabetes-related symptoms in mice with both T1DM and T2DM. Given that most phenotypic studies on islet dysfunction have focused on mice with T2DM rather than T1DM, we specifically aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. To accomplish this, we performed RNA sequence analysis to gain comprehensive insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with ERS and autophagy in T2DM KO islets. The results showed that the islets from mice with MKP-5 KO triggered 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated autophagy inhibition and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78)-dominated ERS. Hence, we concluded that the autophagy impairment, resulting in islet dysfunction in mice with MKP-5 KO, is mediated through GRP-78 involvement. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular pathogenesis of diabetes and highlight the significant role of MKP-5. Moreover, this knowledge holds promise for novel therapeutic strategies targeting MKP-5 for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yafei Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongjun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weiqun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ping Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Fleury ES, Kuiper JR, Buckley JP, Papandonatos GD, Cecil KM, Chen A, Eaton CB, Kalkwarf HJ, Lanphear BP, Yolton K, Braun JM. Evaluating the association between longitudinal exposure to a PFAS mixture and adolescent cardiometabolic risk in the HOME Study. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e289. [PMID: 38343730 PMCID: PMC10852393 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) throughout gestation and childhood may impact cardiometabolic risk. Methods In 179 HOME Study participants (Cincinnati, OH; recruited 2003-2006), we used latent profile analysis to identify two distinct patterns of PFAS exposure from serum concentrations of four PFAS measured at birth and ages 3, 8, and 12 years. We assessed the homeostatic model of insulin resistance, triglycerides-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, systolic blood pressure, visceral fat, and hemoglobin A1c levels at age 12 years. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the association of membership in the longitudinal PFAS mixture exposure group with a summary measure of overall cardiometabolic risk and individual components. Results One PFAS exposure profile (n = 66, 39%) had higher geometric means of all PFAS across all visits than the other. Although adjusted associations were null in the full sample, child sex modified the association of longitudinal PFAS mixture exposure group with overall cardiometabolic risk, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, systolic blood pressure, and visceral fat (interaction term P values: 0.02-0.08). Females in the higher exposure group had higher cardiometabolic risk scores (ß = 0.43; 95% CI = -0.08, 0.94), systolic blood pressures (ß = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.1, 1.1), and visceral fat (ß = 0.44; 95% CI = -0.13, 1.01); males had lower cardiometabolic risk scores (ß = -0.52; 95% CI = -1.06, -0.06), leptin-to-adiponectin ratios (ß = -0.7; 95% CI = -1.29, -0.1), systolic blood pressures (ß = -0.14; 95% CI = -0.7, 0.41), and visceral fat (ß = -0.52; 95% CI = -0.84, -0.19). Conclusions Exposure to this PFAS mixture throughout childhood may have sex-specific effects on adolescent cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan R. Kuiper
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Jessie P. Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charles B. Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Heidi J. Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI
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11
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Mauvais-Jarvis F. Sex differences in energy metabolism: natural selection, mechanisms and consequences. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:56-69. [PMID: 37923858 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis operates differently in men and women. This sex asymmetry is the result of evolutionary adaptations that enable women to resist loss of energy stores and protein mass while remaining fertile in times of energy deficit. During starvation or prolonged exercise, women rely on oxidation of lipids, which are a more efficient energy source than carbohydrates, to preserve glucose for neuronal and placental function and spare proteins necessary for organ function. Carbohydrate reliance in men could be an evolutionary adaptation related to defence and hunting, as glucose, unlike lipids, can be used as a fuel for anaerobic high-exertion muscle activity. The larger subcutaneous adipose tissue depots in healthy women than in healthy men provide a mechanism for lipid storage. As female mitochondria have higher functional capacity and greater resistance to oxidative damage than male mitochondria, uniparental inheritance of female mitochondria may reduce the transmission of metabolic disorders. However, in women, starvation resistance and propensity to obesity have evolved in tandem, and the current prevalence of obesity is greater in women than in men. The combination of genetic sex, programming by developmental testosterone in males, and pubertal sex hormones defines sex-specific biological systems in adults that produce phenotypic sex differences in energy homeostasis, metabolic disease and drug responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine and Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- Endocrine service, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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12
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Tanday N, Coulter-Parkhill A, Moffett RC, Suruli K, Dubey V, Flatt PR, Irwin N. Sex-based impact of pancreatic islet stressors in GluCreERT2/Rosa26-eYFP mice. J Endocrinol 2023; 259:e230174. [PMID: 37650517 PMCID: PMC10563506 DOI: 10.1530/joe-23-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines differences in metabolic and pancreatic islet adaptative responses following streptozotocin (STZ) and hydrocortisone (HC) administration in male and female transgenic GluCreERT2/Rosa26-eYFP mice. Mice received five daily doses of STZ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or 10 daily doses of HC (70 mg/kg, i.p.), with parameters assessed on day 11. STZ-induced hyperglycaemia was evident in both sexes, alongside impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin concentrations. HC also had similar metabolic effects in male and female mice resulting in classical increases of circulating insulin indicative of insulin resistance. Control male mice had larger pancreatic islets than females and displayed a greater reduction of islet and beta-cell area in response to STZ insult. In addition, female STZ mice had lower levels of beta-cell apoptosis than male counterparts. Following HC administration, female mouse islets contained a greater proportion of alpha cells when compared to males. All HC mice presented with relatively comparable increases in beta- and alpha-cell turnover rates, with female mice being slightly more susceptible to HC-induced beta-cell apoptosis. Interestingly, healthy control female mice had inherently increased alpha-to-beta-cell transdifferentiation rates, which was decreased by HC treatment. The number of glucagon-positive alpha cells altering their lineage to insulin-positive beta cells was increased in male, but not female, STZ mice. Taken together, although there was no obvious sex-specific alteration of metabolic profile in STZ or HC mice, subtle differences in pancreatic islet morphology emphasises the impact of sex hormones on islets and importance of taking care when interpreting observations between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Tanday
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | | | - R Charlotte Moffett
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Karthick Suruli
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Vaibhav Dubey
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Peter R Flatt
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
| | - Nigel Irwin
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland
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13
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Moon S, Alsarkhi L, Lin TT, Inoue R, Tahiri A, Colson C, Cai W, Shirakawa J, Qian WJ, Zhao JY, El Ouaamari A. Transcriptome and secretome profiling of sensory neurons reveals sex differences in pathways relevant to insulin sensing and insulin secretion. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23185. [PMID: 37695721 PMCID: PMC10503313 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300941r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) convey somatosensory and metabolic cues to the central nervous system and release substances from stimulated terminal endings in peripheral organs. Sex-biased variations driven by the sex chromosome complement (XX and XY) have been implicated in the sensory-islet crosstalk. However, the molecular underpinnings of these male-female differences are not known. Here, we aim to characterize the molecular repertoire and the secretome profile of the lower thoracic spinal sensory neurons and to identify molecules with sex-biased insulin sensing- and/or insulin secretion-modulating activity that are encoded independently of circulating gonadal sex hormones. We used transcriptomics and proteomics to uncover differentially expressed genes and secreted molecules in lower thoracic T5-12 DRG sensory neurons derived from sexually immature 3-week-old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed differential gene expression and protein secretion in DRG neurons in males and females. The transcriptome analysis identified, among others, higher insulin signaling/sensing capabilities in female DRG neurons; secretome screening uncovered several sex-specific candidate molecules with potential regulatory functions in pancreatic β cells. Together, these data suggest a putative role of sensory interoception of insulin in the DRG-islet crosstalk with implications in sensory feedback loops in the regulation of β-cell activity in a sex-biased manner. Finally, we provide a valuable resource of molecular and secretory targets that can be leveraged for understanding insulin interoception and insulin secretion and inform the development of novel studies/approaches to fathom the role of the sensory-islet axis in the regulation of energy balance in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Lamyaa Alsarkhi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
| | - Tai-Tu Lin
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Azeddine Tahiri
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
| | - Cecilia Colson
- The Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Weikang Cai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jerry Yingtao Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Abdelfattah El Ouaamari
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
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14
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Hrovatin K, Bastidas-Ponce A, Bakhti M, Zappia L, Büttner M, Salinno C, Sterr M, Böttcher A, Migliorini A, Lickert H, Theis FJ. Delineating mouse β-cell identity during lifetime and in diabetes with a single cell atlas. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1615-1637. [PMID: 37697055 PMCID: PMC10513934 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00876-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Although multiple pancreatic islet single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets have been generated, a consensus on pancreatic cell states in development, homeostasis and diabetes as well as the value of preclinical animal models is missing. Here, we present an scRNA-seq cross-condition mouse islet atlas (MIA), a curated resource for interactive exploration and computational querying. We integrate over 300,000 cells from nine scRNA-seq datasets consisting of 56 samples, varying in age, sex and diabetes models, including an autoimmune type 1 diabetes model (NOD), a glucotoxicity/lipotoxicity type 2 diabetes model (db/db) and a chemical streptozotocin β-cell ablation model. The β-cell landscape of MIA reveals new cell states during disease progression and cross-publication differences between previously suggested marker genes. We show that β-cells in the streptozotocin model transcriptionally correlate with those in human type 2 diabetes and mouse db/db models, but are less similar to human type 1 diabetes and mouse NOD β-cells. We also report pathways that are shared between β-cells in immature, aged and diabetes models. MIA enables a comprehensive analysis of β-cell responses to different stressors, providing a roadmap for the understanding of β-cell plasticity, compensation and demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Hrovatin
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Aimée Bastidas-Ponce
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luke Zappia
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Maren Büttner
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ciro Salinno
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sterr
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anika Böttcher
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Adriana Migliorini
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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15
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Cha J, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Thompson PJ. Pancreatic β-cell senescence in diabetes: mechanisms, markers and therapies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1212716. [PMID: 37720527 PMCID: PMC10501801 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1212716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a response to a wide variety of stressors, including DNA damage, oncogene activation and physiologic aging, and pathologically accelerated senescence contributes to human disease, including diabetes mellitus. Indeed, recent work in this field has demonstrated a role for pancreatic β-cell senescence in the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes and monogenic diabetes. Small molecule or genetic targeting of senescent β-cells has shown promise as a novel therapeutic approach for preventing and treating diabetes. Despite these advances, major questions remain around the molecular mechanisms driving senescence in the β-cell, identification of molecular markers that distinguish senescent from non-senescent β-cell subpopulations, and translation of proof-of-concept therapies into novel treatments for diabetes in humans. Here, we summarize the current state of the field of β-cell senescence, highlighting insights from mouse models as well as studies on human islets and β-cells. We identify markers that have been used to detect β-cell senescence to unify future research efforts in this field. We discuss emerging concepts of the natural history of senescence in β-cells, heterogeneity of senescent β-cells subpopulations, role of sex differences in senescent responses, and the consequences of senescence on integrated islet function and microenvironment. As a young and developing field, there remain many open research questions which need to be addressed to move senescence-targeted approaches towards clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Peter J. Thompson
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba Theme, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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16
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Cha J, Tong X, Walker EM, Dahan T, Cochrane VA, Ashe S, Russell R, Osipovich AB, Mawla AM, Guo M, Liu JH, Loyd ZA, Huising MO, Magnuson MA, Hebrok M, Dor Y, Stein R. Species-specific roles for the MAFA and MAFB transcription factors in regulating islet β cell identity. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e166386. [PMID: 37606041 PMCID: PMC10543725 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with compromised identity of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β cells, characterized by inappropriate production of other islet cell-enriched hormones. Here, we examined how hormone misexpression was influenced by the MAFA and MAFB transcription factors, closely related proteins that maintain islet cell function. Mice specifically lacking MafA in β cells demonstrated broad, population-wide changes in hormone gene expression with an overall gene signature closely resembling islet gastrin+ (Gast+) cells generated under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia and obesity. A human β cell line deficient in MAFB, but not one lacking MAFA, also produced a GAST+ gene expression pattern. In addition, GAST was detected in human T2D β cells with low levels of MAFB. Moreover, evidence is provided that human MAFB can directly repress GAST gene transcription. These results support a potentially novel, species-specific role for MafA and MAFB in maintaining adult mouse and human β cell identity, respectively. Here, we discuss the possibility that induction of Gast/GAST and other non-β cell hormones, by reduction in the levels of these transcription factors, represents a dysfunctional β cell signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Emily M. Walker
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tehila Dahan
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Veronica A. Cochrane
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sudipta Ashe
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ronan Russell
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anna B. Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alex M. Mawla
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jin-hua Liu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zachary A. Loyd
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mark O. Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mark A. Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roland Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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17
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Jo S, Beetch M, Gustafson E, Wong A, Oribamise E, Chung G, Vadrevu S, Satin LS, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Alejandro EU. Sex Differences in Pancreatic β-Cell Physiology and Glucose Homeostasis in C57BL/6J Mice. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad099. [PMID: 37873500 PMCID: PMC10590649 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of sexual dimorphism has been highlighted in recent years since the National Institutes of Health's mandate on considering sex as a biological variable. Although recent studies have taken strides to study both sexes side by side, investigations into the normal physiological differences between males and females are limited. In this study, we aimed to characterized sex-dependent differences in glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell physiology in normal conditions using C57BL/6J mice, the most common mouse strain used in metabolic studies. Here, we report that female mice have improved glucose and insulin tolerance associated with lower nonfasted blood glucose and insulin levels compared with male mice at 3 and 6 months of age. Both male and female animals show β-cell mass expansion from embryonic day 17.5 to adulthood, and no sex differences were observed at embryonic day 17.5, newborn, 1 month, or 3 months of age. However, 6-month-old males displayed increased β-cell mass in response to insulin resistance compared with littermate females. Molecularly, we uncovered sexual dimorphic alterations in the protein levels of nutrient sensing proteins O-GlcNAc transferase and mTOR, as well as differences in glucose-stimulus coupling mechanisms that may underlie the differences in sexually dimorphic β-cell physiology observed in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Megan Beetch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric Gustafson
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alicia Wong
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eunice Oribamise
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Grace Chung
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Suryakiran Vadrevu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Leslie S Satin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ernesto Bernal-Mizrachi
- Diabetes, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Miami VA Healthcare System and Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Emilyn U Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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18
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Adams MT, Waters BJ, Nimkulrat SD, Blum B. Disrupted glucose homeostasis and glucagon and insulin secretion defects in Robo βKO mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23106. [PMID: 37498234 PMCID: PMC10436995 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200705rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The axon guidance proteins, Roundabout (Robo) receptors play a critical role in morphogenesis of the islets of Langerhans. Mice with a β cell-selective deletion of Robo (Robo βKO), show severely disrupted spatial architecture of their islets, without defects in β cell differentiation or maturity. We have recently shown that Robo βKO mice have reduced synchronous glucose-stimulated β cell calcium oscillations in their islets in vivo, likely disrupting their pulsatile insulin secretion. Here, we analyze whole-body metabolic regulation in Robo βKO mice. We show that Robo βKO mice have mild defects in glucose homeostasis, and altered glucagon and insulin secretion. However, we did not observe any severe whole-body glucoregulatory phenotype following the disruption of islet architecture in Robo βKO. Our data suggest that islet architecture plays only a mild role in overall glucoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa T. Adams
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Bayley J. Waters
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sutichot D. Nimkulrat
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Barak Blum
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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19
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Guo Y, Liu L, Cheng Y, Li H, Wan X, Ma J, Liu J, Liang W, Zhang P, Chen J, Cao X, Guan H, Xiao H, Li Y. Steroidogenic factor 1 protects mice from obesity-induced glucose intolerance via improving glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by beta cells. iScience 2023; 26:106451. [PMID: 37020955 PMCID: PMC10068556 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a potential druggable nuclear receptor, steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) regulates obesity and insulin resistance in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Herein, we sought to demonstrate its expression and functions in islets in the development of obesity-induced diabetes. SF1 was barely detected in the beta cells of lean mice but highly expressed in those of non-diabetic obese mice, while decreased in diabetic ones. Conditional deletion of SF1 in beta cells predisposed diet-induced obese (DIO) mice to glucose intolerance by perturbing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Consistently, forced expression of SF1 restored favorable glucose homeostasis in DIO and db/db mice by improving GSIS. In isolated islets and MIN6, overexpression of SF1 also potentiated GSIS, mediated by improvement of mitochondrial ATP production. The underlying mechanisms may involve oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism. Collectively, SF1 in beta cell preserves GSIS to promote beta-cell adaptation to obesity and hence is a potential therapeutic target for obesity-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yanglei Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xuesi Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jiajing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Pengyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xiaopei Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
- Corresponding author
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20
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Jørgensen NT, Erichsen TM, Jørgensen MB, Idorn T, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Holst JJ, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Klose M. Glucose metabolism, gut-brain hormones, and acromegaly treatment: an explorative single centre descriptive analysis. Pituitary 2023; 26:152-163. [PMID: 36609655 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-022-01297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Active acromegaly is associated with impaired glucose metabolism, which improves upon treatment. Treatment options include surgery, medical therapy with somatostatin analogues (SSA) and Pegvisomant (PEG), and irradiation. The objective of the study was to describe the differential effect of various treatment regimens on the secretion of glucose, insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in patients with acromegaly. METHODS 23 surgically treated, non-diabetic patients with acromegaly and 12 healthy controls underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and subsequently isoglycaemic intravenous glucose infusion on a separate day. Baseline hormone concentrations, time-to-peak and area under the curve (AUC) on the OGTT-day and incretin effect were compared according to treatment regimens. RESULTS The patients treated with SSA (N = 15) had impaired GIP-response (AUC, P = 0.001), and numerical impairment of all other hormone responses (P > 0.3). Patients co-treated with PEG (SSA + PEG, N = 4) had increased secretion of insulin and glucagon compared to patients only treated with SSA (SSA ÷ PEG, N = 11) (insulinAUC mean ± SEM, SSA + PEG 49 ± 8.3 nmol/l*min vs SSA ÷ PEG 25 ± 3.4, P = 0.007; glucagonAUC, SSA + PEG 823 ± 194 pmol/l*min vs SSA ÷ PEG 332 ± 69, P = 0.009). GIP secretion remained significantly impaired, whereas GLP-1 secretion was numerically increased with PEG (SSA + PEG 3088 ± 366 pmol/l*min vs SSA ÷ PEG 2401 ± 239, P = 0.3). No difference was found in patients treated with/without radiotherapy nor substituted or not with hydrocortisone. CONCLUSION SSA impaired the insulin, glucagon, and incretin hormone secretions. Co-treatment with PEG seemed to counteract the somatostatinergic inhibition of the glucagon and insulin response to OGTT. We speculate that PEG may exert its action through GH-receptors on pancreatic δ-cells. Clinical trial registration NCT02005978.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Thurmann Jørgensen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Møller Erichsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Buus Jørgensen
- Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Idorn
- Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and NNF Centre for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Klose
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Brownrigg GP, Xia YH, Chu CMJ, Wang S, Chao C, Zhang JA, Skovsø S, Panzhinskiy E, Hu X, Johnson JD, Rideout EJ. Sex differences in islet stress responses support female β cell resilience. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101678. [PMID: 36690328 PMCID: PMC9971554 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic β cells play a key role in maintaining glucose homeostasis; dysfunction of this critical cell type causes type 2 diabetes (T2D). Emerging evidence points to sex differences in β cells, but few studies have examined male-female differences in β cell stress responses and resilience across multiple contexts, including diabetes. Here, we address the need for high-quality information on sex differences in β cell and islet gene expression and function using both human and rodent samples. METHODS In humans, we compared β cell gene expression and insulin secretion in donors with T2D to non-diabetic donors in both males and females. In mice, we generated a well-powered islet RNAseq dataset from 20-week-old male and female siblings with similar insulin sensitivity. Our unbiased gene expression analysis pointed to a sex difference in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Based on this analysis, we hypothesized female islets would be more resilient to ER stress than male islets. To test this, we subjected islets isolated from age-matched male and female mice to thapsigargin treatment and monitored protein synthesis, cell death, and β cell insulin production and secretion. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were used to characterize sex differences in islet responses to ER stress. RESULTS Our single-cell analysis of human β cells revealed sex-specific changes to gene expression and function in T2D, correlating with more robust insulin secretion in human islets isolated from female donors with T2D compared to male donors with T2D. In mice, RNA sequencing revealed differential enrichment of unfolded protein response pathway-associated genes, where female islets showed higher expression of genes linked with protein synthesis, folding, and processing. This differential expression was physiologically significant, as islets isolated from female mice were more resilient to ER stress induction with thapsigargin. Specifically, female islets showed a greater ability to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin production and secretion during ER stress compared with males. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate sex differences in β cell gene expression in both humans and mice, and that female β cells show a greater ability to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin secretion across multiple physiological and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Brownrigg
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yi Han Xia
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chieh Min Jamie Chu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Charlotte Chao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jiashuo Aaron Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Søs Skovsø
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Evgeniy Panzhinskiy
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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22
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Ghasemi A, Jeddi S. Streptozotocin as a tool for induction of rat models of diabetes: a practical guide. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:274-294. [PMID: 36998708 PMCID: PMC10043433 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ) is the most used diabetogenic chemical for creating rat models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Despite ~60 years of using STZ in animal diabetes research, some prevailing views about STZ preparation and use are not supported by evidence. Here, we provide practical guides for using STZ to induce diabetes in rats. Susceptibility to the diabetogenic effect of STZ is inversely related to age, and males are more susceptible to STZ than females. Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats, the most commonly-used rat strains, are sensitive to STZ, but some strains (e.g., Wistar-Kyoto rats) are less sensitive. STZ is mostly injected intravenously or intraperitoneally, but its intravenous injection produces more stable hyperglycemia. Despite the prevailing view, no fasting is necessary before STZ injection, and injection of its anomer-equilibrated solutions (i.e., more than 2 hours of dissolving) is recommended. Mortality following the injection of diabetogenic doses of STZ is due to severe hypoglycemia (during the first 24 h) or severe hyperglycemia (24 h after the injection and onwards). Some measures to prevent hypoglycemia-related mortality in rats include providing access to food soon after the injection, administration of glucose/sucrose solutions during the first 24-48 h after the injection, administration of STZ to fed animals, and using anomer-equilibrated solutions of STZ. Hyperglycemia-related mortality following injection of high doses of STZ can be overcome with insulin administration. In conclusion, STZ is a valuable chemical for inducing diabetes in rats, but some practical guides should be considered to perform well-conducted and ethical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sajad Jeddi, Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Arabi Street, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran, E-mail:
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23
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Abdel-Karim TR, Hodges JS, Pruett TL, Ramanathan KV, Hering BJ, Dunn TB, Kirchner VA, Beilman GJ, Bellin MD. A randomized controlled pilot trial of etanercept and alpha-1 antitrypsin to improve autologous islet engraftment. Pancreatology 2023; 23:57-64. [PMID: 36443174 PMCID: PMC9839597 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In total pancreatectomy with islet auto-transplantation, successful diabetes outcomes are limited by islet loss from the instant blood mediated inflammatory response. We hypothesized that blockade of the inflammatory response with either etanercept or alpha-1-antitrypsin would improve islet function and insulin independence. METHODS We randomized 43 participants to receive A1AT (90 mg/kg x 6 doses, n = 13), or etanercept (50 mg then 25 mg x 5 doses, n = 14), or standard care (n = 16), aiming to reduce detrimental effects of innate inflammation on early islet survival. Islet graft function was assessed using mixed meal tolerance testing, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, glucose-potentiated arginine-induced insulin secretion studies, HbA1c, and insulin dose 3 months and 1 year post-TPIAT. RESULTS We observed the most robust acute insulin response (AIRglu) and acute C-peptide response to glucose (ACRglu) at 3 months after TPIAT in the etanercept-treated group (p ≤ 0.02), but no differences in other efficacy measures. The groups did not differ overall at 1 year but when adjusted by sex, there was a trend towards a sex-specific treatment effect in females (AIRglu p = 0.05, ACRglu p = 0.06), with insulin secretion measures highest in A1AT-treated females. CONCLUSION Our randomized trial supports a potential role for etanercept in optimizing early islet engraftment but it is unclear whether this benefit is sustained. Further studies are needed to evaluate possible sex-specific responses to either treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL NOTATION This study was performed under an Investigational New Drug Application (IND #119828) from the Food and Drug Administration and was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT#02713997).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James S Hodges
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy L Pruett
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Bernhard J Hering
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ty B Dunn
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Varvara A Kirchner
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gregory J Beilman
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Melena D Bellin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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24
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Paez-Mayorga J, Campa-Carranza JN, Capuani S, Hernandez N, Liu HC, Chua CYX, Pons-Faudoa FP, Malgir G, Alvarez B, Niles JA, Argueta LB, Shelton KA, Kezar S, Nehete PN, Berman DM, Willman MA, Li XC, Ricordi C, Nichols JE, Gaber AO, Kenyon NS, Grattoni A. Implantable niche with local immunosuppression for islet allotransplantation achieves type 1 diabetes reversal in rats. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7951. [PMID: 36572684 PMCID: PMC9792517 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation efficacy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) management is limited by hypoxia-related graft attrition and need for systemic immunosuppression. To overcome these challenges, we developed the Neovascularized Implantable Cell Homing and Encapsulation (NICHE) device, which integrates direct vascularization for facile mass transfer and localized immunosuppressant delivery for islet rejection prophylaxis. Here, we investigated NICHE efficacy for allogeneic islet transplantation and long-term diabetes reversal in an immunocompetent, male rat model. We demonstrated that allogeneic islets transplanted within pre-vascularized NICHE were engrafted, revascularized, and functional, reverting diabetes in rats for over 150 days. Notably, we confirmed that localized immunosuppression prevented islet rejection without inducing toxicity or systemic immunosuppression. Moreover, for translatability efforts, we showed NICHE biocompatibility and feasibility of deployment as well as short-term allogeneic islet engraftment in an MHC-mismatched nonhuman primate model. In sum, the NICHE holds promise as a viable approach for safe and effective islet transplantation and long-term T1D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Paez-Mayorga
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.419886.a0000 0001 2203 4701School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL Mexico
| | - Jocelyn Nikita Campa-Carranza
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.419886.a0000 0001 2203 4701School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL Mexico
| | - Simone Capuani
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Shijingshan, Beijing, China
| | - Nathanael Hernandez
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hsuan-Chen Liu
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Corrine Ying Xuan Chua
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Fernanda Paola Pons-Faudoa
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gulsah Malgir
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Bella Alvarez
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.419886.a0000 0001 2203 4701School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL Mexico
| | - Jean A. Niles
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Center for Tissue Engineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Lissenya B. Argueta
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Center for Tissue Engineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - Kathryn A. Shelton
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX USA
| | - Sarah Kezar
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX USA
| | - Pramod N. Nehete
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Comparative Medicine, Michael E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX USA ,grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Dora M. Berman
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Melissa A. Willman
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Xian C. Li
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA ,grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Joan E. Nichols
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Center for Tissue Engineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA
| | - A. Osama Gaber
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA
| | - Norma S. Kenyon
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX USA ,grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA ,grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA ,grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA
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25
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Wnt4 is heterogeneously activated in maturing β-cells to control calcium signaling, metabolism and function. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6255. [PMID: 36271049 PMCID: PMC9587236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. β-cells are heterogeneous, exhibiting different glucose sensing, insulin secretion and gene expression. They communicate with other endocrine cell types via paracrine signals and between β-cells via gap junctions. Here, we identify the importance of signaling between β-cells via the extracellular signal WNT4. We show heterogeneity in Wnt4 expression, most strikingly in the postnatal maturation period, Wnt4-positive cells, being more mature while Wnt4-negative cells are more proliferative. Knock-out in adult β-cells shows that WNT4 controls the activation of calcium signaling in response to a glucose challenge, as well as metabolic pathways converging to lower ATP/ADP ratios, thereby reducing insulin secretion. These results reveal that paracrine signaling between β-cells is important in addition to gap junctions in controling insulin secretion. Together with previous reports of WNT4 up-regulation in obesity our observations suggest an adaptive insulin response coordinating β-cells.
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26
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Use of c-peptide as a measure of cephalic phase insulin release in humans. Physiol Behav 2022; 255:113940. [PMID: 35961609 PMCID: PMC9993810 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cephalic phase insulin release (CPIR) is a rapid pulse of insulin secreted within minutes of food-related sensory stimulation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying CPIR in humans has been hindered by its small observed effect size and high variability within and between studies. One contributing factor to these limitations may be the use of peripherally measured insulin as an indicator of secreted insulin, since a substantial portion of insulin is metabolized by the liver before delivery to peripheral circulation. Here, we investigated the use of c-peptide, which is co-secreted in equimolar amounts to insulin from pancreatic beta cells, as a proxy for insulin secretion during the cephalic phase period. Changes in insulin and c-peptide were monitored in 18 adults over two repeated sessions following oral stimulation with a sucrose-containing gelatin stimulus. We found that, on average, insulin and c-peptide release followed a similar time course over the cephalic phase period, but that c-peptide showed a greater effect size. Importantly, when insulin and c-peptide concentrations were compared across sessions, we found that changes in c-peptide were significantly correlated at the 2 min (r = 0.50, p = 0.03) and 4 min (r = 0.65, p = 0.003) time points, as well as when participants' highest c-peptide concentrations were considered (r = 0.64, p = 0.004). In contrast, no significant correlations were observed for changes in insulin measured from the sessions (r = -0.06-0.35, p > 0.05). Herein, we detail the individual variability of insulin and c-peptide concentrations measured during the cephalic phase period, and identify c-peptide as a valuable metric for insulin secretion alongside insulin concentrations when investigating CPIR.
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27
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Yong HJ, Toledo MP, Nowakowski RS, Wang YJ. Sex Differences in the Molecular Programs of Pancreatic Cells Contribute to the Differential Risks of Type 2 Diabetes. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqac156. [PMID: 36130190 PMCID: PMC10409906 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiology studies demonstrate that women are at a significantly lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to men. However, the molecular basis of this risk difference is not well understood. In this study, we examined the sex differences in the genetic programs of pancreatic endocrine cells. We combined pancreas perifusion data and single-cell genomic data from our laboratory and from publicly available data sets to investigate multiple axes of the sex differences in the human pancreas at the single-cell type and single-cell level. We systematically compared female and male islet secretion function, gene expression program, and regulatory principles of pancreatic endocrine cells. The perifusion data indicate that female endocrine cells have a higher secretion capacity than male endocrine cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis suggests that endocrine cells in male controls have molecular signatures that resemble T2D. In addition, we identified genomic elements associated with genome-wide association study T2D loci to have differential accessibility between female and male delta cells. These genomic elements may play a sex-specific causal role in the pathogenesis of T2D. We provide molecular mechanisms that explain the differential risk of T2D between women and men. Knowledge gained from our study will accelerate the development of diagnostics and therapeutics in sex-aware precision medicine for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Yong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Maria Pilar Toledo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Richard S Nowakowski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Yue J Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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28
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The sex and gender dimensions of COVID-19: A narrative review of the potential underlying factors. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 103:105338. [PMID: 35863677 PMCID: PMC9288935 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the male sex is a significant risk factor for severe disease and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the precise explanation for the discrepancy is currently unclear. Immunologically, the female-biased protection against COVID-19 could presumably be due to a more rapid and robust immune response to viruses exhibited by males. The female hormones, e.g., estrogens and progesterone, may have protective roles against viral infections. In contrast, male hormones, e.g., testosterone, can act oppositely. Besides, the expression of the ACE-2 receptor in the lung and airway lining, which the SARS-CoV-2 uses to enter cells, is more pronounced in males. Estrogen potentially plays a role in downregulating the expression of ACE-2, which could be a plausible biological explanation for the reduced severity of COVID-19 in females. Comorbidities, e.g., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and kidney disorders, are considered significant risk factors for severe outcomes in COVID-19. Age-adjusted data shows that males are statistically more predisposed to these morbidities-amplifying risks for males with COVID-19. In addition, many sociocultural factors and gender-constructed behavior of men and women impact exposure to infections and outcomes. In many parts of the world, women are more likely to abide by health regulations, e.g., mask-wearing and handwashing, than men. In contrast, men, in general, are more involved with high-risk behaviors, e.g., smoking and alcohol consumption, and high-risk jobs that require admixing with people, which increases their risk of exposure to the infection. Overall, males and females suffer differently from COVID-19 due to a complex interplay between many biological and sociocultural factors.
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29
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De Paoli M, Wood DW, Bohn MK, Pandey AK, Borowitz DK, Fang S, Patel Z, Venegas-Pino DE, Shi Y, Werstuck GH. Investigating the protective effects of estrogen on β-cell health and the progression of hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E254-E266. [PMID: 35830687 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00353.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in the prevalence and development of diabetes and associated cardiometabolic complications are well established. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of estrogen on the maintenance of β-cell health/function and atherosclerosis progression, using a mouse model of hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerosis, the ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mouse. ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice exhibit sexual dimorphism in the control of blood glucose levels. Male ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice are chronically hyperglycemic due to a significant reduction in pancreatic β-cell mass. Female mice are only transiently hyperglycemic, maintain β-cell mass, and blood glucose levels normalize at 35 ± 1 days of age. To determine the effects of estrogen on pancreatic β-cell health and function, ovariectomies and estrogen supplementation experiments were performed, and pancreatic health and atherosclerosis were assessed at various time points. Ovariectomized ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice developed chronic hyperglycemia with significantly reduced β-cell mass. To determine whether the observed effects on ovariectomized ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice were due to a lack of estrogens, slow-releasing estradiol pellets were inserted subcutaneously. Ovariectomized ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice treated with exogenous estradiol showed normalized blood glucose levels and maintained β-cell mass. Exogenous estradiol significantly reduced atherosclerosis in both ovariectomized female and male ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita mice relative to controls. Together, these findings suggest that estradiol confers significant protection to pancreatic β-cell health and can directly and indirectly slow the progression of atherosclerosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study examines the effect(s) of estrogen on β cell and cardiometabolic health/function in a novel mouse model of hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerosis (ApoE-/-:Ins2+/Akita). Using a combination of estrogen deprivation (ovariectomy) and supplementation strategies, we quantify effects on glucose homeostasis and atherogenesis. Our results clearly show a protective role for estrogen on pancreatic β-cell health and function and glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, estrogen supplementation dramatically reduces atherosclerosis progression in both male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Paoli
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dempsey W Wood
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary K Bohn
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arjun K Pandey
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dana K Borowitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susanna Fang
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zinal Patel
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel E Venegas-Pino
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoff H Werstuck
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Tanoey J, Baechle C, Brenner H, Deckert A, Fricke J, Günther K, Karch A, Keil T, Kluttig A, Leitzmann M, Mikolajczyk R, Obi N, Pischon T, Schikowski T, Schipf SM, Schulze MB, Sedlmeier A, Moreno Velásquez I, Weber KS, Völzke H, Ahrens W, Gastell S, Holleczek B, Jöckel KH, Katzke V, Lieb W, Michels KB, Schmidt B, Teismann H, Becher H. Birth Order, Caesarean Section, or Daycare Attendance in Relation to Child- and Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the German National Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10880. [PMID: 36078596 PMCID: PMC9517906 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Global incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising and nearly half occurred in adults. However, it is unclear if certain early-life childhood T1D risk factors were also associated with adult-onset T1D. This study aimed to assess associations between birth order, delivery mode or daycare attendance and type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk in a population-based cohort and whether these were similar for childhood- and adult-onset T1D (cut-off age 15); (2) Methods: Data were obtained from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) baseline assessment. Self-reported diabetes was classified as T1D if: diagnosis age ≤ 40 years and has been receiving insulin treatment since less than one year after diagnosis. Cox regression was applied for T1D risk analysis; (3) Results: Analyses included 101,411 participants (100 childhood- and 271 adult-onset T1D cases). Compared to "only-children", HRs for second- or later-born individuals were 0.70 (95% CI = 0.50-0.96) and 0.65 (95% CI = 0.45-0.94), respectively, regardless of parental diabetes, migration background, birth year and perinatal factors. In further analyses, higher birth order reduced T1D risk in children and adults born in recent decades. Caesarean section and daycare attendance showed no clear associations with T1D risk; (4) Conclusions: Birth order should be considered in both children and adults' T1D risk assessment for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Tanoey
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Baechle
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Deckert
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Fricke
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Günther
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - André Karch
- Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building D3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Leitzmann
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nadia Obi
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Biobank Technology Platform, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine—IUF, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine M. Schipf
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anja Sedlmeier
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ilais Moreno Velásquez
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Gastell
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bernd Holleczek
- Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry und Epidemiology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin B. Michels
- Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry und Epidemiology, Essen University Hospital, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Teismann
- Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building D3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Organ-Specific Glucose Uptake: Does Sex Matter? Cells 2022; 11:cells11142217. [PMID: 35883660 PMCID: PMC9323353 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose uptake by peripheral organs is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels within normal range. Impaired glucose uptake is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome and is characterized by insulin resistance. Male sex is an independent risk factor for the development of T2D. We tested whether sex and diet are independent variables for differential glucose uptake by various organs. Here, in a longitudinal study, we used 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) to determine baseline differences in whole-body glucose uptake in young male and female mice on chow and high-fat diets. We report that sex and diet are important independent variables that account for differential glucose uptake in brown fat, skeletal muscle, liver, heart, kidney, and the stomach, but not the brain, lungs, pancreas, small intestine, or perigonadal adipose. Of the seven organs analyzed, two organs, namely brown fat, and the heart had the highest concentrations of FDG, followed by the brain, kidneys, and skeletal muscle on chow diet. Young female mice had 47% greater FDG uptake in the brown fat compared to male mice, whereas skeletal muscle FDG uptake was 49% greater in male mice. The high-fat diet inhibited FDG uptake in brown fat, skeletal muscle, and the heart, three major organs involved in uptake, whereas brain uptake was enhanced in both sexes. These foundational and groundbreaking findings suggest that mechanisms of glucose homeostasis are context- and organ-dependent and highlight the need to study sex-specific outcomes and mechanisms for diseases such as T2D, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.
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32
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Beaudry KM, Surdi JC, Mari A, Devries MC. Exercise mode influences post-exercise glucose sensitivity and insulin clearance in young, healthy males and females in a sex-dependent manner: A randomized control trial. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15354. [PMID: 35785485 PMCID: PMC9251832 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk is lower in females than males. It has been reported that females have greater pancreatic 𝛽-cell function than males, which may at least in part contribute to the T2D risk in females. 𝛽-cell function is influenced by exercise training; however, previous trials comparing 𝛽-cell function between the sexes have not included participants matched for training status. Furthermore, the acute effects of different modes of exercise on 𝛽-cell function, and whether sex inherently influences these effects, are largely unexamined. Males and females (12/sex) completed a 120-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at rest (CON) and following acute bouts of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), moderate intensity continuous (MIC) exercise, and low-load high-repetition (LLHR) resistance exercise to assess whether sex inherently influences baseline and/or post-exercise pancreatic function in the absence of pathology. We found no sex differences in basal pancreatic 𝛽-cell function. Females had greater basal insulin clearance following MIC exercise compared to males (p = 0.01) and males tended to have a higher potentiation ratio following HIIE (p = 0.07). Females also had lower glucose sensitivity following MIC exercise compared to HIIE (p = 0.007) and LLHR (p = 0.003). Insulin clearance during the OGTT was greater following HIIE as compared with CON and MIC exercise (p = 0.02). 2-H oral glucose insulin sensitivity was greater following LLHR compared to CON (p = 0.01). Acute bouts of different modes of exercise do not differentially influence 𝛽-cell function but do influence insulin clearance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, sex and exercise mode interact to differentially influence insulin clearance and glucose sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian C. Surdi
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooCanada
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research CouncilPadovaItaly
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Huang HH, Stillman TJ, Branham LA, Williams SC. The Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Porcine Islet Insulin Secretion. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:395-401. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Hung Huang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, Member, Texas Tech University System, San Angelo, Texas, USA
| | - Tori J. Stillman
- Department of Agriculture, and Angelo State University, Member, Texas Tech University System, San Angelo, Texas, USA
| | - Loree A. Branham
- Department of Agriculture, and Angelo State University, Member, Texas Tech University System, San Angelo, Texas, USA
| | - Scott C. Williams
- Department of Physics and Geosciences, Angelo State University, Member, Texas Tech University System, San Angelo, Texas, USA
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34
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Babiloni-Chust I, Dos Santos RS, Medina-Gali RM, Perez-Serna AA, Encinar JA, Martinez-Pinna J, Gustafsson JA, Marroqui L, Nadal A. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation by bisphenol-A disrupts the protection from apoptosis conferred by the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ in pancreatic beta cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107250. [PMID: 35461094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
17β-estradiol protects pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis via the estrogen receptors ERα, ERβ and GPER. Conversely, the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A (BPA), which exerts multiple effects in this cell type via the same estrogen receptors, increased basal apoptosis. The molecular-initiated events that trigger these opposite actions have yet to be identified. We demonstrated that combined genetic downregulation and pharmacological blockade of each estrogen receptor increased apoptosis to a different extent. The increase in apoptosis induced by BPA was diminished by the pharmacological blockade or the genetic silencing of GPER, and it was partially reproduced by the GPER agonist G1. BPA and G1-induced apoptosis were abolished upon pharmacological inhibition, silencing of ERα and ERβ, or in dispersed islet cells from ERβ knockout (BERKO) mice. However, the ERα and ERβ agonists PPT and DPN, respectively, had no effect on beta cell viability. To exert their biological actions, ERα and ERβ form homodimers and heterodimers. Molecular dynamics simulations together with proximity ligand assays and coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated that the interaction of BPA with ERα and ERβ as well as GPER activation by G1 decreased ERαβ heterodimers. We propose that ERαβ heterodimers play an antiapoptotic role in beta cells and that BPA- and G1-induced decreases in ERαβ heterodimers lead to beta cell apoptosis. Unveiling how different estrogenic chemicals affect the crosstalk among estrogen receptors should help to identify diabetogenic endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Babiloni-Chust
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Reinaldo S Dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Regla M Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Atenea A Perez-Serna
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - José-Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Martinez-Pinna
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jan-Ake Gustafsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Laura Marroqui
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain.
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35
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Morriseau TS, Doucette CA, Dolinsky VW. More than meets the islet: aligning nutrient and paracrine inputs with hormone secretion in health and disease. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E446-E463. [PMID: 35373587 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00411.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pancreatic islet is responsive to an array of endocrine, paracrine, and nutritional inputs that adjust hormone secretion to ensure accurate control of glucose homeostasis. Although the mechanisms governing glucose-coupled insulin secretion have received the most attention, there is emerging evidence for a multitude of physiological signaling pathways and paracrine networks that collectively regulate insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release. Moreover, the modulation of these pathways in conditions of glucotoxicity or lipotoxicity are areas of both growing interest and controversy. In this review, the contributions of external, intrinsic, and paracrine factors in pancreatic β-, α-, and δ-cell secretion across the full spectrum of physiological (i.e., fasting and fed) and pathophysiological (gluco- and lipotoxicity; diabetes) environments will be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor S Morriseau
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christine A Doucette
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Vernon W Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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36
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Sanjeevi N, Freeland-Graves JH. Birth weight and prediabetes in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. Clin Obes 2022; 12:e12504. [PMID: 34951120 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prediabetes affects about 20% of adolescents in the United States. Previous studies have shown that low and high birth weight impairs glucose homeostasis in adults; however, limited research has examined this relationship in adolescents. To investigate association of birthweight with prediabetes in US adolescents using data from NHANES 2005-2016 and examine whether sex and obesity moderate this relationship. Adolescents, aged 12-15 years without diagnosed/undiagnosed diabetes and extreme birthweight (n = 1396), were classified as low birth weight (LBW), normal birthweight (NBW) and high birth weight (HBW). Logistic regression examined relationship of birthweight with odds of prediabetes. Likelihood ratio test tested interactions of birthweight with sex and obesity measures. In this nationally representative cross-sectional study, LBW adolescents had significantly higher odds of prediabetes compared to NBW counterparts (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.93 (1.10, 3.38); p < .05). Sex and obesity moderated the association, such that the strength of the relationship of LBW with increased prediabetes odds was greater among male adolescents (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.40 (1.02, 5.67); p < .05) and those with overweight/obesity (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.13 (1.01, 4.49); p < .05). Findings imply that the adverse effects of LBW on glucose homeostasis could be manifested early in life. Further, the higher odds of prediabetes among LBW adolescents who are male or have overweight/obesity underscore the heightened need for prediabetes screening of these subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Sanjeevi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jeanne H Freeland-Graves
- Bess Heflin Centennial Professor in Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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37
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Ilias I, Rizzo M, Zabuliene L. Metformin: Sex/Gender Differences in Its Uses and Effects—Narrative Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58030430. [PMID: 35334606 PMCID: PMC8952223 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin (MTF) occupies a major and fundamental position in the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gender differences in some effects and actions of MTF have been reported. Women are usually prescribed lower MTF doses compared to men and report more gastrointestinal side effects. The incidence of cardiovascular events in women on MTF has been found to be lower to that of men on MTF. Despite some promising results with MTF regarding pregnancy rates in women with PCOS, the management of gestational diabetes, cancer prevention or adjunctive cancer treatment and COVID-19, most robust meta-analyses have yet to confirm such beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou Hospital, GR-11521 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: e-mail:
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro, 141, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Lina Zabuliene
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio St. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Rentzeperi E, Pegiou S, Koufakis T, Grammatiki M, Kotsa K. Sex Differences in Response to Treatment with Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: Opportunities for a Tailored Approach to Diabetes and Obesity Care. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030454. [PMID: 35330453 PMCID: PMC8950819 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The available data suggest differences in the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between men and women, influenced by the distinguishing features of the sex. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a relatively new class of antidiabetic drugs that act by mimicking the function of endogenous glucagon-like peptide 1. They constitute valuable agents for the management of T2DM as, in addition to exerting a strong hypoglycemic action, they present cardiorenal protective properties, promote weight loss, and have a good safety profile, particularly with respect to the risk of hypoglycemia. Due to the precedent of studies having identified sexual dimorphic elements regarding the action of other antidiabetic agents, ongoing research has attempted to examine whether this is also the case for GLP-1 RAs. Until now, sex differences have been observed in the impact of GLP1-RAs on glycemic control, weight reduction, and frequency of adverse events. On the contrary, the question of whether these drugs differentially affect the two sexes with respect to cardiovascular risk and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events remains under investigation. Knowledge of the potential sex-specific effects of these medications is extremely useful for the implementation of individualized therapeutic plans in the treatment of T2DM. This narrative review aims to present the available data regarding the sex-specific action of GLP-1 RAs as well as to discuss the potential pathophysiologic mechanisms explaining these dissimilarities.
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Lemos JRN, Baidal DA, Poggioli R, Fuenmayor V, Chavez C, Alvarez A, Linetsky E, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Ricordi C, Alejandro R. Prolonged Islet Allograft Function is Associated With Female Sex in Patients After Islet Transplantation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e973-e979. [PMID: 34727179 PMCID: PMC8852206 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islet transplantation (ITx) has proved to be effective in preventing severe hypoglycemia and improving metabolic control in selected subjects with type 1 diabetes. Long-term graft function remains a challenge. Estrogens have been shown to protect β cells from metabolic stresses and improve revascularization of transplanted human islets in the mouse. We aimed to evaluate the influence of sex in allograft survival of ITx recipients. METHODS We analyzed a retrospective cohort of ITx recipients (n = 56) followed-up for up to 20 years. Allograft failure was defined as a stimulated C-peptide <0.3 ng/mL during a mixed-meal tolerance test. Subjects were divided into recipients of at least 1 female donor (group 1) and recipients of male donors only (group 2). RESULTS Group 1 subjects (n = 25) were aged 41.5 ± 8.4 years and group 2 subjects (n = 22) 45.9 ± 7.3 years (P = 0.062). Female recipient frequency was 44.8% (n = 13) in group 1 and 55.2% (n = 16) in group 2 (P = 0.145). Group 2 developed graft failure earlier than group 1 (680 [286-1624] vs 1906 [756-3256] days, P = 0.038). We performed additional analyses on female recipients only from each group (group 1, n = 16; group 2, n = 20). Female recipients in group 1 exhibited prolonged allograft function compared with group 2, after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio, 28.6; 95% CI, 1.3-619.1; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Recipients of islets from at least 1 female donor exhibited prolonged graft survival compared with recipients of islets from exclusively male donors. In addition, female recipients exhibited prolonged survival compared with male recipients following ITx of at least 1 female donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana R N Lemos
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - David A Baidal
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Raffaella Poggioli
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Virginia Fuenmayor
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Carmen Chavez
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ana Alvarez
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Elina Linetsky
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Diabetes Discovery Research & Sex-Based Medicine Laboratory, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Division of Cellular Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Rodolfo Alejandro
- Diabetes Research Institute (DRI) and Clinical Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Benderradji H, Kraiem S, Courty E, Eddarkaoui S, Bourouh C, Faivre E, Rolland L, Caron E, Besegher M, Oger F, Boschetti T, Carvalho K, Thiroux B, Gauvrit T, Nicolas E, Gomez-Murcia V, Bogdanova A, Bongiovanni A, Muhr-Tailleux A, Lancel S, Bantubungi K, Sergeant N, Annicotte JS, Buée L, Vieau D, Blum D, Buée-Scherrer V. Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in a Tau Knock-In Mouse Model. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:841892. [PMID: 35250480 PMCID: PMC8889017 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.841892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia. While impaired glucose homeostasis has been shown to increase AD risk and pathological loss of tau function, the latter has been suggested to contribute to the emergence of the glucose homeostasis alterations observed in AD patients. However, the links between tau impairments and glucose homeostasis, remain unclear. In this context, the present study aimed at investigating the metabolic phenotype of a new tau knock-in (KI) mouse model, expressing, at a physiological level, a human tau protein bearing the P301L mutation under the control of the endogenous mouse Mapt promoter. Metabolic investigations revealed that, while under chow diet tau KI mice do not exhibit significant metabolic impairments, male but not female tau KI animals under High-Fat Diet (HFD) exhibited higher insulinemia as well as glucose intolerance as compared to control littermates. Using immunofluorescence, tau protein was found colocalized with insulin in the β cells of pancreatic islets in both mouse (WT, KI) and human pancreas. Isolated islets from tau KI and tau knock-out mice exhibited impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), an effect recapitulated in the mouse pancreatic β-cell line (MIN6) following tau knock-down. Altogether, our data indicate that loss of tau function in tau KI mice and, particularly, dysfunction of pancreatic β cells might promote glucose homeostasis impairments and contribute to metabolic changes observed in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Benderradji
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Sarra Kraiem
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Courty
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm U1283-UMR8199—EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sabiha Eddarkaoui
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Cyril Bourouh
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm U1283-UMR8199—EGID, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Laure Rolland
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm U1283-UMR8199—EGID, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Caron
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille, France
| | - Mélanie Besegher
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41—UMS 2014—PLBS, Animal Facility, Lille, France
| | - Frederik Oger
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm U1283-UMR8199—EGID, Lille, France
| | - Theo Boschetti
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Kévin Carvalho
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Bryan Thiroux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Thibaut Gauvrit
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Nicolas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Victoria Gomez-Murcia
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41—UMS 2014—PLBS, BioImaging Center Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Muhr-Tailleux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Steve Lancel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Kadiombo Bantubungi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Sergeant
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Annicotte
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Inserm U1283-UMR8199—EGID, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Didier Vieau
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: David Blum
| | - Valérie Buée-Scherrer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
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Papazoglou I, Lee JH, Cui Z, Li C, Fulgenzi G, Bahn YJ, Staniszewska-Goraczniak HM, Piñol RA, Hogue IB, Enquist LW, Krashes MJ, Rane SG. A distinct hypothalamus-to-β cell circuit modulates insulin secretion. Cell Metab 2022; 34:285-298.e7. [PMID: 35108515 PMCID: PMC8935365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system has long been thought to regulate insulin secretion, an essential process in the maintenance of blood glucose levels. However, the anatomical and functional connections between the brain and insulin-producing pancreatic β cells remain undefined. Here, we describe a functional transneuronal circuit connecting the hypothalamus to β cells in mice. This circuit originates from a subpopulation of oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVNOXT), and it reaches the islets of the endocrine pancreas via the sympathetic autonomic branch to innervate β cells. Stimulation of PVNOXT neurons rapidly suppresses insulin secretion and causes hyperglycemia. Conversely, silencing of these neurons elevates insulin levels by dysregulating neuronal signaling and secretory pathways in β cells and induces hypoglycemia. PVNOXT neuronal activity is triggered by glucoprivation. Our findings reveal that a subset of PVNOXT neurons form functional multisynaptic circuits with β cells in mice to regulate insulin secretion, and their function is necessary for the β cell response to hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papazoglou
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ji-Hyeon Lee
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhenzhong Cui
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chia Li
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gianluca Fulgenzi
- Neural Development Section, MCGP, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Young Jae Bahn
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Ramón A Piñol
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian B Hogue
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lynn W Enquist
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Michael J Krashes
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sushil G Rane
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Intestinal Gpr17 deficiency improves glucose metabolism by promoting GLP-1 secretion. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110179. [PMID: 34986353 PMCID: PMC8972502 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in intestinal enteroendocrine cells (EECs) respond to nutritional, neural, and microbial cues and modulate the release of gut hormones. Here we show that Gpr17, an orphan GPCR, is co-expressed in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-expressing EECs in human and rodent intestinal epithelium. Acute genetic ablation of Gpr17 in intestinal epithelium improves glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Importantly, inducible knockout (iKO) mice and Gpr17 null intestinal organoids respond to glucose or lipid ingestion with increased secretion of GLP-1, but not the other incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). In an in vitro EEC model, overexpression or agonism of Gpr17 reduces voltage-gated calcium currents and decreases cyclic AMP (cAMP) production, and these are two critical factors regulating GLP-1 secretion. Together, our work shows that intestinal Gpr17 signaling functions as an inhibitory pathway for GLP-1 secretion in EECs, suggesting intestinal GPR17 is a potential target for diabetes and obesity intervention. Yan et al. locate GPR17 expression in the enteroendocrine cells of human and rodent intestinal epithelium. They find that GPR17 signaling inhibits intracellular rise of cAMP and calcium and that loss of intestinal Gpr17 in rodents leads to better glucose tolerance via increased hormone secretion in response to nutrient ingestion.
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43
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Glavas MM, Lee AY, Miao I, Yang F, Mojibian M, O'Dwyer SM, Kieffer TJ. Developmental Timing of High-Fat Diet Exposure Impacts Glucose Homeostasis in Mice in a Sex-Specific Manner. Diabetes 2021; 70:2771-2784. [PMID: 34544729 PMCID: PMC8660987 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that male, but not female, Swiss Webster mice are susceptible to diabetes, with incidence increased by early overnutrition and high-fat diet (HFD). In this study, we investigated how HFD in Swiss Webster males and females during preweaning, peripubertal, and postpubertal periods alters glucose homeostasis and diabetes susceptibility. In males, HFD throughout life resulted in the highest diabetes incidence. Notably, switching to chow postpuberty was protective against diabetes relative to switching to chow at weaning, despite the longer period of HFD exposure. Similarly, HFD throughout life in males resulted in less liver steatosis relative to mice with shorter duration of postpubertal HFD. Thus, HFD timing relative to weaning and puberty, not simply exposure length, contributes to metabolic outcomes. Females were protected from hyperglycemia regardless of length or timing of HFD. However, postpubertal HFD resulted in a high degree of hepatic steatosis and adipose fibrosis, but glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity remained unchanged. Interestingly, peri-insulitis was observed in the majority of females but was not correlated with impaired glucose regulation. Our findings reveal critical periods of HFD-induced glucose dysregulation with striking sex differences in Swiss Webster mice, highlighting the importance of careful consideration of HFD timing relative to critical developmental periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Glavas
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ann Y Lee
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Miao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Majid Mojibian
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shannon M O'Dwyer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy J Kieffer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Riseberg E, James KA, Woodin M, Melamed R, Alderete T, Corlin L. Multipollutant, longitudinal analysis of the association between urinary tungsten and incident diabetes in a rural population. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e173. [PMID: 34909553 PMCID: PMC8663879 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies suggest tungsten (W) exposure may be associated with diabetes. We assessed longitudinal associations between urinary W and fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), β-cell function (HOMA-β), and incident type 2 diabetes. METHODS We used data from 1,609 Hispanic and non-Hispanic White adults with 20 to 74 years of age residing in rural Colorado and participating in the San Luis Valley Diabetes Study. Urinary metal exposure values were measured at baseline and natural log-transformed. We assessed longitudinal associations between urinary W and continuous outcome measures using linear-mixed effect models and associations with incident diabetes using Fine and Gray competing risks regression models (competing event = all-cause mortality). The main adjustment set of covariates included: age, sex, ethnicity, education, smoking status, hypertension, body mass index, caloric intake, alcohol intake, and urinary creatinine levels. Secondary models were further adjusted for arsenic, cadmium, and lead exposures. We assessed whether sex or ethnicity were effect modifiers. RESULTS At baseline, the median W concentration was 0.22 μg/L (interquartile range = 0.20, 0.59). In the main cross-sectional analyses, lnW levels were significantly associated with 3% higher lnHOMA-IR (95% CI = 1 to 5). In the main longitudinal models, lnW was significantly associated with 1% higher natural log-transformed fasting glucose (95% CI = <1 to 1), 3% higher natural log-transformed HOMA-IR (95% CI = 2 to 5), and 28% higher incident diabetes (subdistribution hazard ratio=1.28, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.50). Results remained significant when further adjusting for other metals. We observed evidence for effect modification by sex and ethnicity. CONCLUSION Urinary W was longitudinally associated with adverse metabolic health indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Riseberg
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine A. James
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark Woodin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel Melamed
- Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Tanya Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts
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Zamboni F, Cengiz IF, Barbosa AM, Castro AG, Reis RL, Oliveira JM, Collins MN. Towards the Development of a Female Animal Model of T1DM Using Hyaluronic Acid Nanocoated Cell Transplantation: Refinements and Considerations for Future Protocols. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111925. [PMID: 34834340 PMCID: PMC8621706 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Female mice (Black 6 strain) (C57BL/6) aged 6 weeks were subject to low dose streptozotocin (STZ) treatment for five consecutive days to mimic type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with insulitis. At two weeks after STZ injections, evaluation of the elevated glucose levels was used to confirm diabetes. The diabetic mice were then subject to the transplantation of pancreatic β-cells (MIN-6 line). Four groups of mice were studied. The first group was injected with saline-only acting as the placebo surgery control, also known as SHAM group, the second and third groups were injected with MIN-6 single cells and polyethylene glycol-modified dipalmitoyl-glycerol-phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PEG-DPPE) modified MIN-6 single cells (500 µg per 1.106 cells), respectively, while the fourth group was injected with hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated MIN-6 single cells (5 bilayers). At seven- and fourteen-days following transplantation, the mice were euthanised. The renal and pancreatic tissues were then collected and histologically analysed. The induction of diabetes in female mice, through five-consecutive daily STZ injections resulted in inconsistent glycaemic levels. Interestingly, this shows an incomplete diabetes induction in female mice, of which we attribute to sex dimorphism and hormonal interferences. Transplantation failure of free-floating encapsulated cells was unable to decrease blood glucose hyperglycaemia to physiological ranges. The result is attributed to deprived cell–cell interactions, leading to decreased β-cells functionality. Overall, we highlight the necessity of refining T1DM disease models in female subjects when using multiple low-dose STZ injections together with transplantation protocols. Considerations need to be made regarding the different developmental stages of female mice and oestrogen load interfering with pancreatic β-cells susceptibility to STZ. The use of pseudo islets, cell aggregates and spheroids are sought to improve transplantation outcome in comparison to free-floating single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Zamboni
- Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland;
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Ibrahim F. Cengiz
- 13B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (I.F.C.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal; (A.M.B.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Ana M. Barbosa
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal; (A.M.B.); (A.G.C.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonio G. Castro
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal; (A.M.B.); (A.G.C.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 13B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (I.F.C.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal; (A.M.B.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Joaquim M. Oliveira
- 13B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; (I.F.C.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Braga, Portugal; (A.M.B.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Maurice N. Collins
- Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland;
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- SFI AMBER, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Lefebvre P, Staels B. Hepatic sexual dimorphism - implications for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:662-670. [PMID: 34417588 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver is often thought of as a single functional unit, but both its structural and functional architecture make it highly multivalent and adaptable. In any given physiological situation, the liver can maintain metabolic homeostasis, conduct appropriate inflammatory responses, carry out endobiotic and xenobiotic transformation and synthesis reactions, as well as store and release multiple bioactive molecules. Moreover, the liver is a very resilient organ. This resilience means that chronic liver diseases can go unnoticed for decades, yet culminate in life-threatening clinical complications once the adaptive capacity of the liver is overwhelmed. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predisposes individuals to cirrhosis and increases liver-related and cardiovascular disease-related mortality. This Review discusses the accumulating evidence of sexual dimorphism in NAFLD, which is currently rarely considered in preclinical and clinical studies. Increased awareness of the mechanistic causes of hepatic sexual dimorphism could lead to improved understanding of the biological processes that are dysregulated in NAFLD, to the identification of relevant therapeutic targets and to improved risk stratification of patients with NAFLD undergoing therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lefebvre
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Bart Staels
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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47
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Yau B, Naghiloo S, Diaz-Vegas A, Carr AV, Van Gerwen J, Needham EJ, Jevon D, Chen SY, Hoehn KL, Brandon AE, Macia L, Cooney GJ, Shortreed MR, Smith LM, Keller MP, Thorn P, Larance M, James DE, Humphrey SJ, Kebede MA. Proteomic pathways to metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes in the pancreatic islet. iScience 2021; 24:103099. [PMID: 34622154 PMCID: PMC8479695 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islets are essential for maintaining physiological blood glucose levels, and declining islet function is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. We employ mass spectrometry-based proteomics to systematically analyze islets from 9 genetic or diet-induced mouse models representing a broad cross-section of metabolic health. Quantifying the islet proteome to a depth of >11,500 proteins, this study represents the most detailed analysis of mouse islet proteins to date. Our data highlight that the majority of islet proteins are expressed in all strains and diets, but more than half of the proteins vary in expression levels, principally due to genetics. Associating these varied protein expression levels on an individual animal basis with individual phenotypic measures reveals islet mitochondrial function as a major positive indicator of metabolic health regardless of strain. This compendium of strain-specific and dietary changes to mouse islet proteomes represents a comprehensive resource for basic and translational islet cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Yau
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Sheyda Naghiloo
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Austin V. Carr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Julian Van Gerwen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elise J. Needham
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dillon Jevon
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Sing-Young Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kyle L. Hoehn
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Amanda E. Brandon
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Laurance Macia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Cooney
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | | | - Lloyd M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Thorn
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David E. James
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean J. Humphrey
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melkam A. Kebede
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
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48
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Walker EM, Cha J, Tong X, Guo M, Liu JH, Yu S, Iacovazzo D, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Flanagan SE, Korbonits M, Stafford J, Jacobson DA, Stein R. Sex-biased islet β cell dysfunction is caused by the MODY MAFA S64F variant by inducing premature aging and senescence in males. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109813. [PMID: 34644565 PMCID: PMC8845126 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A heterozygous missense mutation of the islet β cell-enriched MAFA transcription factor (p.Ser64Phe [S64F]) is found in patients with adult-onset β cell dysfunction (diabetes or insulinomatosis), with men more prone to diabetes than women. This mutation engenders increased stability to the unstable MAFA protein. Here, we develop a S64F MafA mouse model to determine how β cell function is affected and find sex-dependent phenotypes. Heterozygous mutant males (MafAS64F/+) display impaired glucose tolerance, while females are slightly hypoglycemic with improved blood glucose clearance. Only MafAS64F/+ males show transiently higher MafA protein levels preceding glucose intolerance and sex-dependent changes to genes involved in Ca2+ signaling, DNA damage, aging, and senescence. MAFAS64F production in male human β cells also accelerate cellular senescence and increase senescence-associated secretory proteins compared to cells expressing MAFAWT. These results implicate a conserved mechanism of accelerated islet aging and senescence in promoting diabetes in MAFAS64F carriers in a sex-biased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Walker
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jin-Hua Liu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sophia Yu
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Donato Iacovazzo
- Centre for Endocrinology, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah E Flanagan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Centre for Endocrinology, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John Stafford
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roland Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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49
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Dai Y, Kou H, Guo X, Gong Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang H, Guo Y. Identification and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in fetal rat pancreas. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:211-220. [PMID: 34537367 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The choice of reference gene is crucial for quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. To screen and determine the suitable reference genes in fetal rat pancreas, we selected eight candidate reference genes (Gapdh, Actb, Rn18 s, B2m, Rpl13a, Tbp, Ywhaz and Ubc), and evaluated the constancy of gene expression from fetal rat pancreases in non-pathological situation and prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) model, using four algorithms: GeNorm, NormFinder, Bestkeeper and Comparative ΔCt method. In addition, the alteration of mRNA levels of pancreatic insulin was compared between control and PDE groups to validate the reliability of selected reference genes for data normalization of RT-qPCR. The comprehensive ranking of reference genes under physiological condition was as follow: Gapdh > Actb > Ywhaz > Ubc > Rn18s > Rpl13a > B2m > Tbp (female); Actb > Ywhaz > Gapdh > Ubc > B2m > Rpl13a > Rn18 s | Tbp (male). The top ranking reference genes were also stably expressed in PDE fetal pancreas. The best reference gene combinations are: Ywhaz+Actb for female and Ywhaz+Gapdh for male fetal rat pancreas, respectively. Compared with low ranking or single reference gene, the change trend of insulin mRNA normalized by the best reference gene combination between control and PDE groups was more significant and consistent with that of serum insulin level. In conclusion, our results provided the optimal combination of stable reference genes for RT-qPCR assay in pancreatic developmental toxicity study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Kou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Heze Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Mank JE, Rideout EJ. Developmental mechanisms of sex differences: from cells to organisms. Development 2021; 148:272484. [PMID: 34647574 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Male-female differences in many developmental mechanisms lead to the formation of two morphologically and physiologically distinct sexes. Although this is expected for traits with prominent differences between the sexes, such as the gonads, sex-specific processes also contribute to traits without obvious male-female differences, such as the intestine. Here, we review sex differences in developmental mechanisms that operate at several levels of biological complexity - molecular, cellular, organ and organismal - and discuss how these differences influence organ formation, function and whole-body physiology. Together, the examples we highlight show that one simple way to gain a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of animal development is to include both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Mank
- Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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