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Ishigaki T, Misu S, Miyashita T, Matsumoto D, Kamiya M, Okamae A, Ogawa T, Ihira H, Taniguchi Y, Ohnuma T, Chibana T, Morikawa N, Ikezoe T, Makizako H. Effects of Walking-Only Intervention on Physical Function, Fall-Related Outcomes, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Aging Phys Act 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39179228 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of walking-only intervention (walking was the only exercise in which people participated) on physical function, fall-related outcomes, and health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. We conducted a systematic search across five electronic databases, assessing risk of bias using Minds Manual for Guideline Development. Meta-analyses were performed, and pooled standardized mean differences were calculated. Nine studies (a total of 1,309 participants) were included, showing that walking-only interventions improved walking endurance (standardized mean difference: 1.11, 95% confidence interval: [0.08, 2.15]) and health-related quality of life (standardized mean difference: 0.71, 95% confidence interval: [0.18, 1.25]). However, there were no significant improvements in other outcomes. The certainty of the evidence based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach for all outcomes was graded as very low, primarily due to significant inconsistency and imprecision. Our results suggest that walking-only intervention can be effective for enhancing walking endurance and health-related quality of life for community-dwelling older adults. Further studies are required to investigate the effects of walking-only intervention. This need stems from the limited number of randomized controlled trials, heterogeneous intervention settings and results, and the very low certainty of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishigaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagoya Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shogo Misu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshinori Miyashita
- Inclusive Medical Sciences Research Institute, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsumoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragigun, Japan
| | - Midori Kamiya
- The First Nursing Course, Aichi Prefectural School of General Nursing, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Okamae
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hyogo College of Medicine Sasayama Medical Center, Sasayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ogawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishiyamato Rehabilitation Hospital, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Japan
| | - Hikaru Ihira
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Taniguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Nursing and Welfare, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohnuma
- Rehabilitation Progress Center Incorporated, Itabashi Rehabili Home-Visit Nursing Station, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | | | - Natsu Morikawa
- Boys and Girls, Daycare Facility for Persons With Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities, CIL Toyonaka, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Tome Ikezoe
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Liao JY, Lien YY, Liao Y, Lien YJ. Self-perceptions of aging, physical activity, and depressive symptoms in older community residents with varied neighborhood walkability in Taiwan. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:596. [PMID: 38992578 PMCID: PMC11242005 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has identified the mediating effect of physical activity in the relationship between self-perceptions of aging and physical health. However, this impact on mental health is unknown, and the influence of environmental contexts proposed by ecological models in this regard remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of physical activity in the relationship between self-perceptions of aging and depressive symptoms in older adults, and compare the impact across four levels of neighborhood walkability. METHODS A sample of 1,055 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or above was obtained through random-digit-dialing computer-assisted telephone interviewing. The individual's neighborhood walkability was calculated using Walk Score®, and categorized into four levels: car-dependent, somewhat walkable, very walkable, and walker's paradise. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was employed. RESULTS We found that more positive self-perceptions of aging were associated with fewer depressive symptoms and a mediation effect of physical activity in this relationship. Among the four levels of neighborhood walkability, the mediation effect of physical activity was only statistically significant in the lowest level (car-dependent). The findings supported our hypotheses regarding the mediating effect of self-perceptions of aging on depressive symptoms via physical activity. Neighborhood walkability might potentially influence the mediating role of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes key areas on intervention programs and policy formulation to promote mental health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yu Liao
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Heping East Road Section 1, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yi Lien
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Heping East Road Section 1, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Heping East Road Section 1, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yin-Ju Lien
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Heping East Road Section 1, 106, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Gripko M, Joseph A. The Role of the Built Environment in Supporting Older Adults' Engagement: A Narrative Literature Review. HERD-HEALTH ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH & DESIGN JOURNAL 2024; 17:329-353. [PMID: 38738947 DOI: 10.1177/19375867241250320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This literature review aimed to summarize the existing knowledge surrounding the role of the built environment in supporting older adults' physical and social engagement and identify opportunities for future research and design that facilitates older adults' engagement at multiple environmental scales: from interior spaces to neighborhoods. BACKGROUND Physical environments can support or impede older adults' physical and social engagement: willful, motivated involvement in meaningful activity or occupation. Research shows that engagement is a core component of health and well-being and relates to positive health outcomes, including reduced disease risk, better mental health, and improved physical and cognitive function. Thus, designing supportive built environments for engagement can yield significant, positive health and well-being impacts. METHODS A systematized search of five databases, a hand search, and an iterative screening process identified 55 studies for inclusion in this review. Through inductive thematic analysis, this review summarizes findings regarding the built environment's role in physical and social engagement in older age and design strategies to facilitate engagement and support health and well-being. RESULTS Evidence indicates that built environment characteristics can influence older people's physical and social engagement in homes, neighborhoods, and care settings. The thematic analysis of the included studies identified three key themes concerning the relationships of built environment characteristics to older adults' engagement across multiple environmental scales: connection, access, and security. CONCLUSIONS Built environments influence older people's physical and social engagement, significantly affecting their health, well-being, abilities, and longevity. Numerous design strategies can support older adults' engagement, but more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gripko
- Center for Health Facilities Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Anjali Joseph
- Center for Health Facilities Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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Tuomola EM, Keskinen KE, Rantanen T, Portegijs E. Associations between walking limitations and reported activity destinations among older adults. Eur J Ageing 2024; 21:16. [PMID: 38775867 PMCID: PMC11111429 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-024-00813-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In old age, walking difficulty may reduce opportunities to reach valued activity destinations. Walking modifications, e.g., slower pace or using a walking aid, may enable individuals to continue going where they wish, and hence postpone the consequences of the onset of walking difficulties. We studied visited activity destinations (type, distance) among older people with varying degrees of walking limitations. Community-dwelling 75-85-year-old people living in Jyväskylä (N = 901) were asked to state whether they had no difficulty walking 2 km, had modified their walking, or had difficulty walking. On a digital map, participants located physical exercise, attractive, and regular destinations they had visited during the past month. Destination counts and median distance to destinations from home were computed. Participants with intact walking reported higher counts of physical exercise (IRR = 1.45, 95% CI [1.31, 1.61]) and attractive destinations (IRR = 1.23, 95% CI [1.10, 1.40]) than those with walking difficulty and also visited these destinations further away from home than the others (b = 0.46, 95% CI [0.20, 0.71]). Those with walking modifications reported higher counts of physical exercise destinations than those with walking difficulty (IRR = 1.23, 95% CI [1.09, 1.40]). Counts of regular destinations and distance traveled were not associated with walking limitations. Walking modifications may help people with walking difficulty reach destinations further away from home, potentially contributing to their sense of autonomy. For those with walking difficulty, a low count of destinations other than regular destinations, e.g., shops or healthcare facilities, may signal their abandonment of recreational activities and a decrease in their life space, potentially leading to reduced well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi-Mari Tuomola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv), 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
| | - Kirsi E Keskinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv), 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (viv), 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Huijie Z, Haojun J, Zhiping Z, Zhaoyu Y. Association between residential environment and emotional wellbeing among older adults in China: the mediating effect of health lifestyle. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1338079. [PMID: 38699418 PMCID: PMC11063323 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1338079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association between the residential environment and emotional wellbeing (EWB) in older adults has received extensive attention from gerontologists, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the mediating mechanism of how residential environment affects emotional wellbeing has not been fully explored. This study examined the effects of the residential environment on EWB and the mediating role of health lifestyle. Methods This study analyzed the survey data of 493 rural and 515 urban older adults from 2021 Chinese General Social Survey. General linear regression and structural equation models were used to examine the effects of residential environment and health lifestyle. Results Urban participants exhibited clear advantages in EWB, residential environment, and physical activity. Residential environment significantly affected the EWB of older adults, and health lifestyle played a mediating role in this relationship. The residential environment and health lifestyle did not significantly affect EWB in rural participants. Discussion This study revealed differences in the effects of health lifestyles and residential environments on EWB among older adults in rural and urban settings in China. This study provided empirical evidence of mental health disparities between older rural and urban Chinese residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Huijie
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Social Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jin Shanbao Institute for Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang Haojun
- Tourism and Social Management College, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhu Zhiping
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhaoyu
- College of Humanities and Social Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jin Shanbao Institute for Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, Nanjing, China
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Wu B, Xiong G, Zhang P, Ma X. Effects of tai chi, ba duan jin, and walking on the mental health status of urban older people living alone: the mediating role of social participation and the moderating role of the exercise environment. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1294019. [PMID: 38389938 PMCID: PMC10881673 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1294019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
With the global trend of aging, lacking of interpersonal communication and spiritual support and companionship have had a great impact on the mental health of older people living alone. This study examines the multifaceted impacts of engaging in tai chi, ba duan jin, and walking on the mental wellbeing of older people residing alone in urban areas. Additionally, this research aims to explore the association between tai chi, ba duan jin, and walking, and the mental health status of urban older people living alone, by considering the mediating influence of social participation and the moderating influence of the exercise environment. To do so, 1,027 older people living alone in six Chinese cities were investigated using the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Geriatric Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Social Participation Indicator System Scale, and the Exercise Environment Scale. SPSS 25.0 was utilized for conducting mathematical statistical analysis, specifically for doing linear regression analysis. Additionally, AMOS was employed to develop the study model. We found that a significant negative correlation between tai chi, ba duan jin, and walking and mental health status; among these, tai chi had the greatest impact on the mental health status of urban older people living alone. Social participation mediated the relationship between tai chi, ba duan jin, walking, and mental health status, and the exercise environment had a moderating effect on this relationship. The findings of this study indicate that tai chi, ba duan jin, and walking have a positive impact on the mental health of urban older people living alone, which can be influenced by the mediating efficacy of social participation and the moderating effect of the exercise environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyuan Wu
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyan Xiong
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujie Ma
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Guoshu Academy, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
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Groulx M, Freeman S, Gourlay K, Hemingway D, Rossnagel E, Chaudhury H, Nouri M. Monitoring and Evaluation of Dementia-Friendly Neighborhoods Using a Walkshed Approach: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e50548. [PMID: 38170573 PMCID: PMC10794960 DOI: 10.2196/50548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of people in society living with dementia is growing. In Canada, most people who live with dementia live at home, often in a neighborhood setting. Neighborhood environments can be a source of independence, social engagement, and well-being. They can also contain barriers that limit physical activity, social engagement, and well-being. A dementia-friendly neighborhood includes assets that support persons living with dementia and their caregivers in multiple life domains, including those that support walking within the neighborhood environment. OBJECTIVE The objectives for this scoping review are twofold. First, focusing on walkshed analysis, we aim to extend scholarly understandings of methodological practices used in the monitoring and evaluation of dementia-friendly neighborhoods. Second, we aim to provide clear and practical guidance for those working in planning, design, and public health fields to assess the neighborhood context in support of evidence-based action to improve the lives of persons living with dementia. METHODS The study design follows Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework and PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. We will conduct a search of peer-reviewed studies in 6 electronic databases to identify the use of Geographic Information System analysis to measure the walkshed of persons living with dementia in a community setting. As age is a primary risk factor associated with dementia, we will also include studies that focus more broadly on community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older. Data will be extracted, analyzed, and represented according to 3 domains. This includes study details, walkshed analysis methods, and criteria and indicators used to measure dementia-friendly neighborhoods. RESULTS The results of the study and the submission of a manuscript for peer review are expected in June 2024. The results of the review are expected to contribute to an understanding of methods for monitoring and evaluating dementia-friendly neighborhoods. Expected findings will include a detailed breakdown of current parameters and routines used to conduct walkshed analysis. Findings will also convey criteria that can be operationalized in a Geographic Information System as indicators to assess barriers and facilitators to walking in a neighborhood setting. CONCLUSIONS As far as we are aware, the proposed scoping review will be the first to provide comprehensive methodological or technical guidance for conducting walkshed analysis specific to persons living with dementia. Both the scalability and objective nature of walkshed analysis are likely to be of direct interest to public health practitioners, planners, and allied professionals. Clearly documenting methods used in walkshed analysis can spur increased collaboration across these disciplines to enable an evidence-informed approach to improving neighborhood environments for persons living with dementia. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/50548.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Groulx
- University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Shannon Freeman
- School of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Keone Gourlay
- School of Planning and Sustainability, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Dawn Hemingway
- School of Social Work, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Emma Rossnagel
- University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Habib Chaudhury
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Eliassen M, Sørensen BA, Hartviksen TA, Holm S, Zingmark M. Emplacing reablement co-creating an outdoor recreation model in the rural Arctic. Int J Circumpolar Health 2023; 82:2273013. [PMID: 37883476 PMCID: PMC10997308 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2023.2273013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reablement aims to enable older persons with functional decline to re-engage in meaningful activities. The benefits of engagement in outdoor activities are significant; however, reablement services primarily target function in indoor environments whereas descriptions of outdoor activities are sparse. The aim of this study was to create a model that integrates outdoor recreation into reablement. We therefore elaborated on an experienced based co-design methodology to create a model that integrates outdoor recreation for older persons in reablement in an Arctic, rural context in northern Norway. Stakeholders (N = 35), including reablement participants, participated in workshops, focus groups, and individual interviews. Based on the results, we co-created a person-centred model for outdoor recreation in reablement, including an assessment tool that can guide reablement staff in goal-setting practices. Accordingly, we argue that cherished locations holds significant meaning in the lives of older people and warrant recognition in reablement programmes. There is a need to evaluate the effects and feasibility of the model and the possibility for its implementation in other health care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Eliassen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bodil A. Sørensen
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, Municipality of Vestvågøy. Postboks 203, Leknes, Norway
| | - Trude A. Hartviksen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Municipality of Vestvågøy. Postboks 203, Leknes, Norway
| | - Solrun Holm
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, Municipality of Vestvågøy. Postboks 203, Leknes, Norway
| | - Magnus Zingmark
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Faculty of medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Health and Social Care administration, Municipality of Östersund, Health and Social Care Administration, Östersund, Sweden
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Maresova P, Komarkova L, Horak J, Krejcar O, Kukuliac P, Vitkova L, Joukl M, Truhlarova Z, Tomsone S. Unveiling Seniors' Perception of Mobility: Urbanization, Region, and Physical Activity. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:3015-3031. [PMID: 38027077 PMCID: PMC10675891 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s426789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining mobility is fundamental to active aging, allowing older adults to lead dynamic and independent lives. The perception of mobility among older adults significantly impacts their overall well-being and quality of life. Given the aging population, mobility has become an increasingly pressing issue. Aim This study focused on the perception of urban neighborhoods, including considerations of urban tissue (crossings and sidewalk maintenance), urban scenes (benches and traffic), and safety (fears and street lighting quality). We investigated the differences in the perception of the surroundings of residences by urban and rural seniors concerning their demographic and social characteristics and environmental determinants. Methods A quantitative study design utilizing a questionnaire survey was employed. Data were collected mainly through face-to-face interviews in the field (PAPI) and via an online questionnaire (CAWI). The final sample comprised 525 participants. Hypotheses regarding the influence of gender, age, social status, level of physical activity, degree of urbanization, and region on environmental perception were tested using ordinal regression. Results The hypothesis regarding the dependence of the perception of the surroundings on the level of urbanization was confirmed; that regarding the dependence of the perception of the residence surroundings on seniors' age was not confirmed. The other hypotheses were partially confirmed. For the seven investigated environmental attributes, gender was significant in two cases, social status and physical activity in three cases, and region in four cases. Conclusion While most studies have focused on urban settings, this study highlights the situation in rural municipalities. Substantially worse pedestrian conditions in availability of pedestrian crossings, benches, and lighting were recognized in rural municipalities versus cities. Understanding the complexity of mobility and the spatial locations relevant for older persons concerning potential barriers and facilitators for mobility aids in planning and adapting neighborhood environments to promote active and healthy aging in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Maresova
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Komarkova
- Faculty of Management, Prague University of Economics and Business, Jindrichuv Hradec, 37701, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Horak
- Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 70800, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kukuliac
- Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 70800, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vitkova
- Philosophical Faculty, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Joukl
- Philosophical Faculty, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Truhlarova
- Faculty of Education, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Signe Tomsone
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
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Campelo AM, Weisberg A, Sheehan DP, Schneider K, Cossich VRA, Katz L. Physical and Affective Physical Literacy Domains Improved After a Six-Week Exergame Exercise Program in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Games Health J 2023; 12:366-376. [PMID: 37311178 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2022.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: We investigated the effects of an exergames-based exercise program for older adults, and its benefits on their physical literacy (PL) domains, such as physical (mobility skills), affective (motivation and confidence), cognitive (knowledge about physical activity [PA]), and behavioral (daily exertion) when compared with a conventional exercise program and no training (NT) (control). Material and Methods: Forty older adults (mean age 72 years) volunteered and were randomized within three groups-exergame training (ET; n = 15), conventional training (CT; n = 14), and NT (n = 11). ET group performed training sessions based on a commercially available exergame console, while the CT group enrolled in a convention exercise program (aerobic, strength, balance, and flexibility exercises). The training program was conducted three times a week for 6 weeks. The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Exercise Confidence Survey (ECS), Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R), Knowledge and Understanding Questionnaire (K&UQ), and total PA tracking (using wearable technology) were used as the study's outcomes. Outcome variables were measured at preintervention (week 0), postintervention (week 6), and at the time of final follow-up (week 9). Results: We observed a reduction in the ET TUG time at postintervention and follow-up. Also, a significant main effect for group and moment of measurement was observed for the Fitness-Health subscore, derived from MPAM-R. The values demonstrated by ET and CT were statistically different (P = 0.01) and a within-group comparison revealed significant differences in the ET from preintervention to both postintervention and follow-up (both, P = 0.01). We did not observe any other significant difference. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a 6-week exergame-based training program may have the potential in improving the physical and affective domains of PL in community-dwelling older adults. The topics related to fitness and health seem to be of interest in this population and programs can make use of them to improve the PL domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Monte Campelo
- Sport Technology Research Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Alanna Weisberg
- Sport Technology Research Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Dwayne P Sheehan
- Faculty of Health, Community and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kathryn Schneider
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Center, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Victor R A Cossich
- Sport Technology Research Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Larry Katz
- Sport Technology Research Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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11
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Lakshminarayanan S, Giriyappa D, Kar SS. The hidden imbalance in neighbourhood nutrition environment: a perspective from lower-middle-income country setting. J Public Health Policy 2023; 44:415-434. [PMID: 37337078 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-023-00419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Neighbourhood environment plays a pivotal role in determining the individual's nutrition through availability and accessibility of healthy food options. This community-based cross-sectional descriptive study examined neighbourhood spatial attributes using Geographical Information System (GIS) and describe perceived nutrition environment among adult residents in urban Puducherry, India. The density of grocery shops, fruits and vegetable shops, food outlets and restaurants were 64.4, 74.8 and 88.7 per km2, respectively. Out of 200 participants, 191 (95.5%) and 190 (95%) reported easy accessibility to fruits and vegetables shops and restaurants, respectively, while 192 (96%) agreed on availability of unhealthy food options in shops. Current study provides framework for assessment of objective and perceived neighbourhood nutrition environment in lower-middle-income countries with a user-friendly and easily administrable tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subitha Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.
| | - Dineshkumar Giriyappa
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Hospital Krishnagiri, Krishnagiri, 635115, India
| | - Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
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12
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Groulx M, Freeman S, Gourlay K, Hemingway D, Rossnagel E, Chaudhury H, Nouri M. Monitoring and evaluation of dementia-friendly neighbourhoods using a walkshed approach: A scoping review protocol (Preprint).. [DOI: 10.2196/preprints.50548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Abstract
UNSTRUCTURED
The number of people in society living with Dementia is growing. In Canada, most people who live with dementia live at home, often in a neighbourhood setting. Neighbourhood environments can be source of independence, social engagement, and well-being, but can also contain barriers that limit physical activity, social engagement, and well-being. A dementia-friendly neighbourhood includes assets that support persons living with dementia and their caregivers in multiple life domains, including those that support walking within the neighbourhood environment. The study design follow’s Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework and PRISMA-P guidelines. A search of peer-reviewed studies in six electronic databases will be conducted to identify the use of GIS analysis to measure the walkshed of persons living with dementia in a community setting. Data will be extracted, analyzed and represented according to three domains, including study details, walkshed analysis methods, and criteria and indicators used to measure dementia-friendly neighbourhoods. Results of the review are expected to contribute understanding of methods for monitoring and evaluation of dementia friendly neighbourhoods. Both the scalability and objective nature of walkshed analysis are likely to be of direct interest to public health practitioners and planning and allied professionals.
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Wang Y, Steenbergen B, van der Krabben E, Kooij HJ, Raaphorst K, Hoekman R. The Impact of the Built Environment and Social Environment on Physical Activity: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6189. [PMID: 37372774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the current state of physical activity research, focusing on the interplay between built and social environments and their respective influences on physical activity. We comprehensively searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2022. A total of 35 articles have been reviewed based on the research question. The review found that built and social environments influence physical activity, and consideration of people's perceptions of their surroundings can provide further insight. The literature was summarized, and recommendations were made for future research. Findings suggest that interventions targeting built and social environments can promote physical activity effectively. However, limitations in the literature exist, including a need for more standardization in research methods and consistency in measurement tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Wang
- Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin van der Krabben
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Kooij
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Raaphorst
- Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Lee YH, Fan SY. Psychosocial and environmental factors related to physical activity in middle-aged and older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7788. [PMID: 37179430 PMCID: PMC10182976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The social ecological model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the multiple-level determinants of physical activity. This study explores the significant individual, social, and environmental variables and their interactions in relation to physical activity in middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study design was implemented. Healthy middle-aged and older adults were recruited (n = 697) through face-to-face and online surveys. The data collected comprised self-efficacy, social support, neighbourhood environment, and demographic characteristics. Hierarchical regression was used for statistical analysis. Self-rated health (B = 74.74, p < .001; B = 101.45, p = .022) and self-efficacy (B = 17.93, p < .001; B = 14.95, p = .020) were the significant individual variables in both middle-aged and older adults. Neighbourhood environment (B = 6.90, p = .015) and the interaction between self-efficacy and neighbourhood environment (B = 1.56, p = .009) were significant in middle-aged adults. Self-efficacy was the most significant predictor for all participants, with the positive correlations of neighbourhood environment arising only for middle-aged adults with high self-efficacy. Policy making or project design should consider multilevel factors in order to facilitate their physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Husan Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Fan
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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15
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Misu S, Tanaka S, Miura J, Ishihara K, Asai T, Nishigami T. Association of the Degree of Varus Thrust during Gait Assessed by an Inertial Measurement Unit with Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Knee Osteoarthritis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4578. [PMID: 37430491 DOI: 10.3390/s23104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association between the degree of varus thrust (VT) assessed by an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Seventy patients (mean age: 59.8 ± 8.6 years; women: n = 40) were instructed to walk on a treadmill with an IMU attached to the tibial tuberosity. For the index of VT during walking (VT-index), the swing-speed adjusted root mean square of acceleration in the mediolateral direction was calculated. As the PROMs, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score were used. Data on age, sex, body mass index, static alignment, central sensitization, and gait speed were collected as potential confounders. After adjusting for potential confounders, multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the VT-index was significantly associated with the pain score (standardized β = -0.295; p = 0.026), symptoms score (standardized β = -0.287; p = 0.026), and activities of the daily living score (standardized β = -0.256; p = 0.028). Our results indicated that larger VT values during gait are associated with worse PROMs, suggesting that an intervention to reduce VT might be an option for clinicians trying to improve PROMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Misu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University, 6-2-13 Morikita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Hyogo, Japan
| | - So Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Orthopaedic Hospital, 2-10-50 Yanagochi, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-0063, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Miura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Orthopaedic Hospital, 2-10-50 Yanagochi, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-0063, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Ishihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukuoka Orthopaedic Hospital, 2-10-50 Yanagochi, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-0063, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Asai
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, 18-89 Uyamahigashicho, Hirakata 573-1136, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nishigami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 1-1 Gakuen-tyou, Mihara 723-0053, Hiroshima, Japan
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16
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Lee SH, Kim J, Lim B, Lee HJ, Kim YH. Exercise with a wearable hip-assist robot improved physical function and walking efficiency in older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7269. [PMID: 37142609 PMCID: PMC10160081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable assistive robotics has emerged as a promising technology to supplement or replace motor functions and to retrain people recovering from an injury or living with reduced mobility. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during 6 weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities improved more after exercise with EX1 than in that without EX1. Furthermore, the effort of muscles over the trunk and lower extremities throughout the total gait cycle (100%) significantly decreased after exercise with EX1. The net metabolic energy costs during walking significantly improved, and functional assessment scores improved more in the experimental group than in the control group. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokman Lim
- WIRobotics, Yongin, 16942, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Jae Lee
- Robot Business Team, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16677, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
- Haeundae Sharing and Happiness Hospital, Pusan, 48101, Republic of Korea.
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17
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External Connectivity Evaluation of Community Open Spaces for Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36669506 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
External connectivity refers to the service opportunities provided by community open spaces that are influenced by the factors such as traffic distance, road conditions, residence patterns, and population distribution. It is an important factor in determining access to community open spaces. This has important implications for promoting walking behavior and community physical activity among aging urban populations. Using the accessibility evaluation method, we proposed an external connectivity of the community open spaces model from the community perspective and conducted an empirical study using the Overseas Chinese Town community in Shenzhen as an example. External connectivity of the community open spaces can be used to evaluate the efficiency of community open spaces, serving as a reference for open space optimization. Moreover, it has applicable value in promoting physical activity and healthy aging among older adults.
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18
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Older Adults' Self-Reported Physical Activity and Distance to and Land Use Around Reported Physical Exercise Destinations. J Aging Phys Act 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36649721 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about older adults' physical exercise destinations. We studied associations between physical activity (PA) level and physical exercise destinations (total number and surrounding environment) in community-dwelling 75- to 85-year-old adults living in Central Finland. Participants (N = 901) reported the amount of at least moderate-intensity PA and physical exercise destinations. Distance from home, land use, and locations of sport facilities were defined using a geographic information system. A general linear model showed that older adults with higher PA reported higher numbers of physical exercise destinations and destinations further away from home than those reporting lower PA. Binary logistic regression showed that higher PA increased the odds of reporting a distant destination identified as a sports facility and of reporting destinations located in residential, service, forest, and water body areas, respectively. Physical exercise destinations in different environments may attract older people to go out and be more physically active.
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19
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Clarke P, Khan AM, Kamdar N, Seiler K, Latham-Mintus K, Peterson MD, Meade MA, Ehrlich JR. Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults aging with vision impairment: The role of the neighborhood environment. Disabil Health J 2023; 16:101371. [PMID: 36130856 PMCID: PMC9772041 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision impairment (VI) affects approximately 1 in 28 Americans over the age of 40 and the prevalence increases sharply with age. However, experiencing vision loss with aging can be very different from aging with VI acquired earlier in life. People aging with VI may be at increased risk for diabetes due to environmental barriers in accessing health care, healthy food, and recreational resources that can facilitate positive health behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study examined the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among a cohort of 22,719 adults aging with VI. METHODS Data are from Optum® Clinformatics® DataMart, a private administrative claims database (2008-2017). Individuals 18 years of age and older at the time of their initial VI diagnosis were eligible for analysis. VI was determined using vision impairment, low vision, and blindness codes (ICD-9-CM, ICD-10-CM). Covariates included age, sex, and comorbidities. Cox models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident T2DM. Stratified models examined differences in those aging with (age 18-64) and aging into (age 65+) vision impairment. RESULTS Residence in neighborhoods with greater intersection density (HR = 1.26) and high-speed roads (HR = 1.22) were associated with increased risk of T2DM among older adults with VI. Living in neighborhoods with broadband internet access (HR = 0.67), optical stores (HR = 0.62), supermarkets (HR = 0.78), and gyms/fitness centers (HR = 0.63) was associated with reduced risk of T2DM for both younger and older adults with VI. CONCLUSIONS Findings emphasize the importance of neighborhood context for mitigating the adverse consequences of vision loss for health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Clarke
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Anam M Khan
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Neil Kamdar
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristian Seiler
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kenzie Latham-Mintus
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University School of Liberal Arts, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mark D Peterson
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michelle A Meade
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua R Ehrlich
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Center for Disability Health and Wellness, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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20
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Seetharaman K, Chaudhury H, Hung L, Phinney A, Freeman S, Groulx M, Hemingway D, Lanthier-Labonté S, Randa C, Rossnagel E. Protocol for A Mixed-Methods Study: Dementia-Inclusive Streets and Community Access, Participation, and Engagement (DemSCAPE). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITATIVE METHODS 2023; 22:160940692311573. [DOI: 10.1177/16094069231157350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Abstract
Neighbourhoods are known to help maintain functional abilities and enable out-of-home activities and social participation for people living with dementia. Dementia friendly and inclusive communities (DFC) frameworks recognize the importance of developing supportive and empowering environments for people living with dementia and their families. Beyond the core objective of raising awareness and eliminating stigma associated with dementia, most DFC frameworks also focus on improving accessibility and navigability in the neighbourhood environment. Limited research on this topic points to the importance of evidence-based design of the neighbourhood built environment to promote mobility and wayfinding, legibility, familiarity, and safety for people living with dementia. Increased relevance of DFCs for policy and practice calls for expanding this body of knowledge. The proposed study, titled “Dementia-inclusive Spaces for Community Access, Participation, and Engagement (DemSCAPE),” focuses on identifying neighbourhood destinations considered important by people living with dementia, as well as neighbourhood built environmental features relevant for their outdoor mobility, engagement, and social participation. This study protocol paper offers key information on 1) the need for mixed methods research on this topic and its theoretical and methodological underpinnings, 2) study sampling and recruitment strategy, 3) data collection methods, which include a series of structured and semi-structured sit-down interviews and a walk-along interview, 4) procedure for data analysis, 5) ethical and methodological considerations, and 6) measures taken to enhance study rigour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Habib Chaudhury
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alison Phinney
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shannon Freeman
- School of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Mark Groulx
- School of Planning and Sustainability,University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Dawn Hemingway
- School of Social Work, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | | | - Cari Randa
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emma Rossnagel
- School of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
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21
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Yi H, Ng ST, Chang CM, Low CXE, Tan CS. Effects of neighborhood features on healthy aging in place: the composition and context of urban parks and traditional local coffeeshops in Singapore. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:969. [PMID: 36522627 PMCID: PMC9753030 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy aging in place is affected by what the neighborhood provides for older adults. The mixed-methods ethnographic study explored the built environmental and contextual effects of urban parks and traditional local coffeeshops (kopitiam) on health practices among older adults in Singapore. METHODS A door-to-door survey with 497 older adults from 32 residential blocks in a public housing town assessed exercise and smoking. The walking distances from the residential blocks to the facilities were calculated. Regression analysis examined the associations between the distance and rates of exercise and smoking. Ethnographic assessment data contextualized the quantitative findings. RESULTS Older adults' exercise was associated with proximity to an urban park but not traditional local coffeeshops. High rates of smoking were clustered in the housing blocks close to the coffeeshops, which provided casual drinking places with smoking tables. The proximity to the coffeeshops was significantly associated with increased smoking and decreased exercise. A walking distance of 200 m to the park and coffeeshops was found to discriminate the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that walking distances of a few blocks influenced health behaviors among older adults. Their smoking habits appeared to be maintained through environmental features and cultural norms attached to the coffeeshops. Policy of urban planning and redevelopment for the aging population needs to consider the socioecology of healthy aging in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huso Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shu Tian Ng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Mun Chang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Xue Er Low
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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22
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Cheng GJ, Nicklett EJ. Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship Between Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Aging Health 2022; 34:1163-1177. [PMID: 35603774 PMCID: PMC10790400 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221103359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives:To examine the associations between neighborhood environment-perceived neighborhood social cohesion and perceived neighborhood physical environment-and physical activity (PA) and whether these associations differ by race/ethnicity. Methods: We analyzed data from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study of US adults aged 50+ from 2006 to 2014 (N = 17,974), using multivariate mixed-effects linear models. PA was repeatedly measured using metabolic equivalent of task estimated values accounting for the vigor and frequency of self-reported PA. Results: In multivariate models, higher levels of PA were positively associated with higher rated neighborhood social cohesion and neighborhood physical environment scores. The effects of social cohesion were stronger among non-Hispanic Whites than among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx participants, while race/ethnicity did not moderate the association between PA and physical environment. Discussion: Intervention strategies that address social and physical barriers of neighborhoods could promote PA in older adults. Key implications for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Jianjia Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily J. Nicklett
- Department of Social Work, College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, US
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23
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Cohen Rodrigues TR, Reijnders T, de Buisonjé DR, Breeman LD, van den Broek I, Janssen VR, Kraaijenhagen RA, Atsma DE, Evers AW. Lifestyle support preferences of patients with cardiovascular diseases: What lifestyle support might work best for whom? PEC INNOVATION 2022; 1:100071. [PMID: 37213735 PMCID: PMC10194186 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Lifestyle support is essential in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and eHealth may be an easy and affordable solution to provide this support. However, CVD patients vary in their ability and interest to use eHealth. This study investigates demographic characteristics determining CVD patients' online and offline lifestyle support preferences. Methods We used a cross-sectional study design. 659 CVD patients (Harteraad panel) completed our questionnaire. We assessed demographic characteristics and preferred lifestyle support type (coach, eHealth, family/friends, self-supportive). Results Respondents mostly preferred being self-supportive (n = 179, 27.2%), and a coach in a group or individually (n = 145, 22.0%; n = 139, 21.1%). An app/internet to work independently (n = 89, 13.5%) or being in touch with other CVD patients (n = 44, 6.7%) was least preferred. Men were more likely to prefer being supported by family/friends (p = .016) or self-supportive (p < .001), while women preferred a coach individually or via an app/internet (p < .001). Older patients mostly preferred self-support (p = .001). Patients with low social support were more likely to prefer being coached individually (p < .001), but not support from family/friends (p = .002). Conclusion Men and older patients are more interested in being self-supportive, and patients with lower levels of social support could need extra support outside their social network. eHealth could provide a solution, but attention should be paid to spike interest for digital interventions among certain groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia R. Cohen Rodrigues
- Health, Medical, and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Reijnders
- Health, Medical, and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Department of Human-Centered Design, Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - Linda D. Breeman
- Health, Medical, and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | | | - Veronica R. Janssen
- Health, Medical, and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Roderik A. Kraaijenhagen
- NDDO Institute for Prevention and Early Diagnostics (NIPED), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Vital10, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Douwe E. Atsma
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea W.M. Evers
- Health, Medical, and Neuropsychology Unit, Leiden University, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Medical Delta, Leiden University, Technical University of Delft, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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24
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Physical Activity Among Older Women Living in Rural Areas in Canada: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-022-09380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough there is strong evidence linking physical activity in older age with wellbeing and health benefits, these relationships tend to be under-researched in a rural context. A scoping review was conducted to identify what is known about physical activity among older women living in rural Canada. The search strategy was intentionally broad, with eight databases, academic journals, and websites scanned for research and grey literature related to Canada, in English, from 2000 to 2022. 33 studies, reviews, and reports were included in the final selection. These articles indicate that physical activity among older women living in rural Canada is influenced by a multitude of layers, contexts, conditions, and environments, with outcomes dependent on a mixture of personal, relational, community, societal, and governmental factors. In general, the women are committed to creating and maintaining an active lifestyle, and supporting their local rural community to enable these activities. While the social environment can proscribe physical activity through ageist attitudes and restrictive socio-cultural norms, social support from family and community members mitigates against these constraints. Rural infrastructure, geography, climate (seasons and weather), as well as transportation and policy issues may also impede the physical activity opportunities of the women. Some of the problems related to sustaining and resourcing recreational activity in rural communities are partly addressed through the implications presented in the articles. Among others, these suggestions relate to leadership and learning opportunities, public engagement, and the partnership working involved in supporting physical activity in rural areas. However, further research is long overdue.
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Sylvers DL, Hicken M, Esposito M, Manly J, Judd S, Clarke P. Walkable Neighborhoods and Cognition: Implications for the Design of Health Promoting Communities. J Aging Health 2022; 34:893-904. [PMID: 35234529 PMCID: PMC9793242 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221075509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study seeks to examine neighborhood characteristics, physical activity, and health status and their roles in promoting healthy cognitive aging. Methods: Using data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Difference in Stroke (REGARDS) study (N=10,289, mean age=73.4 years), we used multilevel linear regression to examine the relationships between walkable neighborhoods (both objectively measured and subjective perceptions), walking behavior, physical activity, health status, and cognitive function. Results: Engaging in any moderate physical activity (β=0.47, p < 0.001), having better health status (β=0.02, p < 0.001), living in neighborhoods with greater street connectivity (β=0.15, p < 0.05), and positive perceptions of neighborhood traffic (p < 0.01) and parks (p < 0.05), were associated with higher cognitive function. Residence in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods (β=-0.01, p < 0.01) was negatively associated with cognitive function. Discussion: Both perceived and objective features of walkable environments may have consequences for cognitive health, and can inform the development of health promoting communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique L Sylvers
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Public Health, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Margaret Hicken
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Esposito
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer Manly
- Department of Neurology, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, 7548Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suzanne Judd
- School of Public Health, 171553University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Philippa Clarke
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Public Health, 1259University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Finlay J, Esposito M, Langa KM, Judd S, Clarke P. Cognability: An Ecological Theory of neighborhoods and cognitive aging. Soc Sci Med 2022; 309:115220. [PMID: 35926362 PMCID: PMC9661364 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
While a growing body of evidence points to potentially modifiable individual risk factors for dementia, the built and social environments in which people develop and navigate cognitive decline are largely overlooked. This paper proposes a new theoretical concept, Cognability, to conceptualize how supportive an area is to cognitive health among aging residents. Cognability incorporates a constellation of both positive and negative neighborhood features related to physical activity, social interaction and cognitive stimulation in later life. We analyzed data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study, a national sample of older Black and white adults in the United States (n = 21,151; mean age at assessment = 67; data collected 2006-2017). Generalized additive multilevel models examined how cognitive function varied by neighborhood features. Access to civic and social organizations, recreation centers, fast-food and coffee establishments, arts centers, museums, and highways were significantly associated with cognitive function. Race-, gender-, and education-specific models did not yield substantial improvements to the full-model. Our results suggest that the unequal distribution of amenities and hazards across neighborhoods may help account for considerable inequities observed in cognitive health among older adults. Cognability advances ecological theories of aging through an innovative "whole neighborhood" approach. It aims to identify which specific neighborhood features are most protective of cognitive health among aging adults to inform upstream public health initiatives, community interventions, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Finlay
- Social Environment and Health Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, United States; Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
| | - Michael Esposito
- Department of Sociology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Kenneth M Langa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Medicine, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Suzanne Judd
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, United States
| | - Philippa Clarke
- Social Environment and Health Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, United States; Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
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Li A, Martino E, Mansour A, Bentley R. Environmental Noise Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence From a Population-Based Longitudinal Study. Am J Prev Med 2022; 63:e39-e48. [PMID: 35466022 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to environmental noise from within homes has been associated with poor mental health. Existing evidence rests on cross-sectional studies prone to residual confounding, reverse causation, and small sample sizes, failing to adequately consider the causal nature of this relationship. Furthermore, few studies have examined the sociodemographic distribution of noise exposure at a country level. METHODS The study, conducted in 2021, examined the impact of environmental noise from road traffic, airplanes, trains, and industry on mental health and psychological distress as reported by 31,387 respondents using a 19-year longitudinal data set in Australia (2001‒2019). To improve the capacity to make causal inference and reduce bias from measurement error, reverse causation, and unobserved confounders, analyses used instrumental variables, fixed-effects models, and an aggregated area-level measure of noise exposure. Utilizing the large-scale national data set, sociospatial distributions of noise exposure were described. RESULTS Private and public rental tenants, lone parents, residents of socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, and those with long-term health conditions were more likely to report residential noise exposure. This exposure to noise was consistently associated with poorer mental health (self-reported noise: β= -0.58; 95% CI= -0.76, -0.39; area-level noise: β= -0.43; 95% CI= -0.61, -0.26), with the relationship strongest for traffic noise (β= -0.79; 95% CI= -1.07, -0.51). Notably, when noise exposure decreased over time, there was an increase in mental health (β= 0.43; 95% CI= 0.14, 0.72). CONCLUSIONS The study provides strong evidence of a negative mental health effect of perceived residential noise, and the results have implications for healthy home design and urban planning. These findings should be validated with further studies that measure noise intensity and housing quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Housing, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Erika Martino
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Housing, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adelle Mansour
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Housing, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rebecca Bentley
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Housing, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Thiel C, Günther L, Osterhoff A, Sommer S, Grüneberg C. Feasibility of smartphone-supported, combined physical and cognitive activities in the Neighbourhood for stimulating social participation of the elderly. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:629. [PMID: 35907804 PMCID: PMC9338648 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining smartphone-assisted group activities in the neighbourhood and training in physical and cognitive skills may offer the potential to promote social participation and connectedness of older adults. This non-controlled proof-of-concept, retrospectively registered study aimed to determine the feasibility of such an intervention approach, including its evaluation. METHODS In two consecutive six-month intervention cycles, 39 community-dwelling adults were provided with weekly smartphone, physical and cognitive training by two tutors. Using a specifically designed app, the participants were also encouraged to join and later self-organise physically and cognitively stimulating activities related to hot spots in their Bochum neighbourhood. Indicators of feasibility were documented. RESULTS The recruitment and assessments took 3 hours per participant. Excluding smartphone support, the preparation and the implementation of the intervention amounted to nine person-hours per week. Six participants dropped out, and 13 did not complete one or more assessments. The participants attended 76 ± 15% of the weekly training sessions. The instructors deemed the programme feasible, but familiarisation with the smartphone and the app was very time-consuming. Twenty-seven of 29 participants reported high overall satisfaction, and 22 agreed that the programme helped them to establish social contacts. The smartphones attracted substantial interest and were used frequently, despite mixed satisfaction with the project-specific app. From baseline to follow-up, the six-minute walking distance, lower extremity strength and moderate to vigorous physical activity, as well as quality of life, were preserved at a high level, while balance performance was significantly improved. Of the 11 tests related to cognitive functioning, 4 tests (a memory test, the Stroop test and 2 tests of verbal fluency) indicated significant improvement. No moderate or serious adverse events occurred in relation to the assessments or the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The multimodal approach seems safe and feasible and offers the potential to promote social connectedness, bonds in the residential neighbourhood and smartphone competency, as well as to preserve or improve physical and cognitive functions. Adaptations of the intervention and of the outcome assessments may contribute to better assessment and exploitation of the potential of this approach in a future study involving socially, physically and cognitively less active elderly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Thiel
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Gesundheitscampus 6-8, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Faculty of Sports Science, Training and Exercise Science, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Liane Günther
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anke Osterhoff
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Speech and Language Therapy Program, Gesundheitscampus 6-8, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sascha Sommer
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Speech and Language Therapy Program, Gesundheitscampus 6-8, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Grüneberg
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Gesundheitscampus 6-8, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Indoor Built Environment and Older Adults' Activity: A Systematic Review. Can J Aging 2022; 42:241-258. [PMID: 35848156 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980822000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the physical environment can influence people's activity, there are few knowledge syntheses for indoor environments and older adults' daily life routines. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed evidence to inform future research and practice. Inclusion criteria were studies with any research designs, across all years and languages focused on older adults 60 years of age or more, on physical activity/sedentary behaviour and the indoor environment. After searching five databases, two authors completed title/abstract and full-text screening. The last search was on December 19, 2020. We screened 1,367 citations, and included 23 studies situated in private or collective dwellings (e.g., assisted living). We identified physical activity-supportive indoor features across three domains: campus (e.g., amenities, pathways), building (e.g., area, floor level), and fixtures (e.g., elevators, hallways). Knowledge of indoor environmental factors for older adults' engagement in daily activities can guide future research and policy on housing design.
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Marti CN, Choi NG. Measuring Social Engagement among Low-Income, Depressed Homebound Older Adults: Validation of the Social Engagement and Activities Questionnaire. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:548-561. [PMID: 32292129 PMCID: PMC7566275 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2020.1753275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the psychometric properties of the 10-item Social Engagement and Activities Questionnaire (SEAQ) to assess social-group, interpersonal interaction, and solitary activities among low-income, depressed homebound older adults (n = 269).Methods: We used principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the underlying dimensions of the 10-item full SEAQ and a 6-item abbreviated item set. We assessed evidence of validity for the SEAQ by examining relationships between the SEAQ and older adults' clinical characteristics: perceived social support, disability, and depressive symptoms.Results: PCA results showed two components: (1) a general social-group activities engagement component; and (2) a low level of socialization (i.e., strong negative coefficients on the recreational activities and self-enrichment/educational activities and a negative coefficient for interpersonal interaction activities). The general social-group activities engagement component in both the full and abbreviated SEAQ were significantly positively correlated with the full and abbreviated SEAQ and perceived social support, providing evidence for convergent validity, and they were significantly negatively correlated with disability and depressive symptoms, providing evidence for discriminant validity.Conclusions: The present study provides evidence of validity for the use of the SEAQ to assess social engagement and activities among low-income, depressed homebound older adults.Clinical Implications: The SEAQ may be used in future studies measuring changes in social engagement and activities in these older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nathan Marti
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Namkee G Choi
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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Jayasinghe S, Soward R, Holloway TP, Patterson KAE, Ahuja KDK, Hughes R, Byrne NM, Hills AP. Why some do but too many don't? Barriers and enablers to physical activity in regional Tasmania - an exploratory, mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:627. [PMID: 35354448 PMCID: PMC8967567 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interconnectedness of physical inactivity and sedentarism, obesity, non-communicable disease (NCD) prevalence, and socio-economic costs, are well known. There is also strong research evidence regarding the mutuality between well-being outcomes and the neighbourhood environment. However, much of this evidence relates to urban contexts and there is a paucity of evidence in relation to regional communities. A better understanding of available physical activity (PA) infrastructure, its usage, and community perceptions regarding neighbourhood surroundings, could be very important in determining requirements for health improvement in regional communities. The aims of this research were to 1. Explore and evaluate the public’s perception of the PA environment; and 2. Evaluate the quantity, variety, and quality of existing PA infrastructure in regional Northwest (NW) Tasmania. Methods A mixed methods approach guided data collection, analysis, and presentation. Quality of PA infrastructure was assessed using the Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA) instrument and public perception about PA environment was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Environmental (IPAQ-E) module. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive summative methods and a team-based researcher triangulation approach was utilised for qualitative data. Results Overall, a wide array of high-quality PA infrastructure (with minimal incivilities such as auditory annoyance, litter, graffiti, dog refuse, and vandalism etc.) was available. Survey respondents rated neighbourhoods positively. The overall quality of PA infrastructure, rated on a scale from 0 to 3, was assessed as high (all rated between 2 to 3) with minimal incivilities (rated between 0 and 1.5). Of note, survey respondents confirmed the availability of numerous free-to-access recreational tracks and natural amenities across the 3 local government areas (LGAs) studied. Importantly, most respondents reported minimal disruption to their routine PA practices due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion This exploratory research confirmed the availability of a wide range of high-quality PA infrastructure across all three LGAs and there was an overwhelming public appreciation of this infrastructure. The challenge remains to implement place-based PA interventions that address extant barriers and further increase public awareness and utilisation of high-quality PA infrastructure. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13001-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisitha Jayasinghe
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Robert Soward
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Timothy P Holloway
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kira A E Patterson
- College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kiran D K Ahuja
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Roger Hughes
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Amaya V, Moulaert T, Gwiazdzinski L, Vuillerme N. Assessing and Qualifying Neighborhood Walkability for Older Adults: Construction and Initial Testing of a Multivariate Spatial Accessibility Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031808. [PMID: 35162830 PMCID: PMC8834981 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Population aging and urban development pose major challenges for societies today. Joining the literature assessing urban accessibility, the present exploratory research developed a multivariate accessibility model based on four independent variables—related to formal and structural urban space—that influence walkability for older adults (pedestrian network; facilities and shops; public benches; and slopes and gradients). The model used ArcGIS software. For the accessibility calculations, we selected two suburban neighborhoods in the conurbation of Grenoble (France) and selected three types of older adults’ profiles to reflect the variety of aging: an older adult in good health, an older adult with a chronic disease, and an older adult with reduced mobility. The results suggest that the accessibility of a neighborhood depends not only on its physical and urban characteristics, but it is also influenced by the physical and health characteristics of its inhabitants. The originality of the model lies mainly in its ability to estimate the spatial accessibility of a territory by taking into account, firstly, objective data such as the physical characteristics and the built environment of the neighborhood through objectification variables that consider such original variables as the presence of benches or the slopes and gradients and, secondly, specific data such as the physical and/or health characteristics of the study population. The measurement of geospatial accessibility could be of great value for public health in urban contexts, which is why relevant tools and methodologies are needed to objectively examine and intervene in public spaces in order to make them age-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valkiria Amaya
- AGEIS (Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
- PACTE (Laboratoire de Sciences Sociales), Sciences Po Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Thibauld Moulaert
- PACTE (Laboratoire de Sciences Sociales), Sciences Po Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Luc Gwiazdzinski
- LRA (Laboratoire de Recherche en Architecture), École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Toulouse, Université Fédérale de Toulouse, 31106 Toulouse, France;
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- AGEIS (Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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Carder P, Croff R, Tuttle A, Towns J. Walking and Talking: Recommendations for Doing Mobile Interviews with Older Adults. JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2022.2030844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Carder
- Institute on Aging, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Raina Croff
- School of Medicine, OHSU-PSU, Portland, OR, USA
- Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aliza Tuttle
- Regional Research Institute for Human Services, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Juell Towns
- Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Gan DRY, Wister AV, Best JR. Environmental Influences on Life Satisfaction and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults With Multimorbidity: Path Analysis Through Loneliness in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2022; 62:855-864. [PMID: 35034124 PMCID: PMC9290896 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES More older adults with multimorbidity are aging in place than ever before. Knowing how the environment affects their mental well-being could enhance the efficacy of age-friendly interventions for multimorbidity resilience. With reference to the Transdisciplinary Neighborhood Health Framework, we construct and examine a priori models of environmental influences on life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline and follow-up data (after 3 years) were drawn from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging to identify a subsample (n = 14,301) of participants aged at least 65 years with at least 2 chronic diseases. Path analysis examined sociobehavioral attributes (i.e., social support, social participation, walking) and loneliness as primary and secondary mediators, controlling for age, sex, education, and outcomes during baseline. RESULTS Good model fit was found (TFI = 1.00; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA < 0.001; SRMR < 0.001). The total effects of housing quality (rtotal = 0.08, -0.07) and neighborhood cohesion (rtotal = 0.03, -0.06) were weak but statistically significant in the expected direction. The mediators explained 21%-31% of the total effects of housing quality and 67%-100% of the total effects of neighborhood cohesion. Loneliness mediated 27%-29% of these environmental influences on mental well-being, whereas walking mediated a mere 0.4%-0.9% of the total effects. Walking did not explain the relationship between housing quality and mental well-being. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Data supported a priori pathways from environment to mental well-being through sociobehavioral attributes and loneliness. If these pathways from neighborhood cohesion to life satisfaction reflect causal effects, community-based age-friendly interventions should focus on enhancing neighborhood cohesion to mitigate loneliness among multimorbid older adults for their mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Y Gan
- Address correspondence to: Daniel R. Y. Gan, PhD, Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, #2800-515 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC V6B 5K3, Canada. E-mail:
| | - Andrew V Wister
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Cândido LM, Niehues JR, Avelar NCPD, Danielewicz AL. Incapacidade, desempenho físico-funcional e ambiente de vizinhança: avaliação de idosos comunitários com base na Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/20030829012022pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) ainda é uma ferramenta distante e muitas vezes temida na área da saúde do idoso. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a incapacidade nas atividades da vida diária (AVDs), as limitações no desempenho físico-funcional e a percepção do ambiente de vizinhança em idosos comunitários do extremo sul de Santa Catarina, classificando-os segundo os domínios e qualificadores propostos pela CIF. Tratou-se de estudo transversal realizado com idosos de ambos os sexos. As variáveis analisadas foram categorizadas de acordo com os domínios da CIF: (1) funções e estruturas do corpo: testes de desempenho físico-funcional; (2) atividade e participação: instrumento de autoavaliação das AVDs; e (3) fatores ambientais: autopercepção do ambiente de vizinhança. Foram avaliados 308 idosos, sendo a maioria mulheres (57,8%) e com idade entre 60 e 69 anos (54,7%). Considerando os qualificadores da CIF, verificou-se maior dificuldade moderada/grave para o teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira de 5 repetições (TSLC5R) (66,2%) no domínio “função e estrutura do corpo”, enquanto para o domínio “atividade e participação” observou-se a prevalência de incapacidade moderada/grave para a tarefa de cortar as unhas dos pés (21,2%). No domínio “fatores ambientais”, verificou-se o predomínio de ausência de locais para a prática de atividade física no ambiente de vizinhança (72,5%).
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Cândido LM, Niehues JR, Avelar NCPD, Danielewicz AL. Disability, physical-functional performance, and neighborhood environment: evaluation of community-dwelling older adults based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/20030829012022en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) is still a distant and often feared tool in the area of older adults health. This study aimed to describe the inabilities to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), limitations in the physical-functional performance, and the perception of the surrounding environment in community-dwelling older adults from the extreme South of Santa Catarina, classifying them according to the domains and qualifiers proposed by the ICF. This is a cross-sectional study, with older adults of both sexes. The analyzed variables were classified and categorized according to the ICF: (1) Body Functions and Structures: physical-functional performance tests; (2) Activity and Participation: ADL self-assessment instrument; and (3) Environmental factors: self-perception of the surrounding environment. A total of 308 older adults were evaluated, most of them were women (57.8%) and aged 60-69 years (54.7%). There were higher prevalence of moderate/severe difficulty in the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5TSTS) (66.2%), of moderate/severe disability in the activity of cutting toenails (21.2%), and no reports of places for the practice of physical activity near the residence (72.5%). As for the ICF qualifiers, there was greater “moderate/severe difficulty” for the 5TSTS in the “Body Function and Structure” categories and in the task of cutting toenails in the “Activity and Participation” categories. In the category “Environmental factors,” there was a higher prevalence of lack of places for physical activity in the neighborhood.
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Rinne T, Kajosaari A, Söderholm M, Berg P, Pesola AJ, Smith M, Kyttä M. Delineating the geographic context of physical activities: A systematic search and scoping review of the methodological approaches used in social ecological research over two decades. Health Place 2021; 73:102737. [PMID: 34952474 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social ecological approach suggests that the spatial context among other factors influence physical activity behavior. Ample research documents physical environmental effects on physical activity. Yet, to date inconsistent associations remain, which might be explained by conceptual and methodological challenges in measuring the spatial dimensions of health behavior. We review methods applied to measure the spatial contexts in the social ecological physical activity literature. METHODS Online databases and selected reviews were used to identify papers published between 1990 and 2020. A total of 2167 records were retrieved, from which 412 studies that used physical activity as a primary outcome variable, included measures of the physical environment and applied the main principles of the social ecological approach, were included. RESULTS Subjective approaches were the dominant method to capture the spatial context of physical activities. These approaches were applied in 67% (n=279) of the studies. From the objective approaches an administrative unit was most prevalent and was applied in 29% (n=118) of the studies. The most comprehensive objective spatial methods that capture the true environmental exposure, were used only in 2% (n=10) of the studies. CONCLUSIONS Current social ecological physical activity research applies simple conceptualizations and methods of the spatial context. While conceptual and methodological concerns have been repeatedly expressed, no substantive progress has been made in the use of spatial approaches. To further our understanding on place effects on health, future studies should carefully consider the choice of spatial approaches, and their effect on study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Rinne
- Spatial Planning and Transportation Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, School of Engineering, Aalto University, Finland; Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Anna Kajosaari
- Spatial Planning and Transportation Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, School of Engineering, Aalto University, Finland
| | - Maria Söderholm
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Finland; Research and Innovation Services, Aalto University, Finland
| | - Päivi Berg
- Juvenia - Youth Research and Development Centre, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Finland
| | - Arto J Pesola
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Melody Smith
- School of Nursing, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marketta Kyttä
- Spatial Planning and Transportation Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, School of Engineering, Aalto University, Finland
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Prochnow T, Patterson MS. Assessing Social Network Influences on Adult Physical Activity Using Social Network Analysis: A Systematic Review. Am J Health Promot 2021; 36:537-558. [PMID: 34898289 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211060701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social network analysis (SNA) can measure social connectedness and assess impact of interpersonal connections on health behaviors, including physical activity (PA). This paper aims to systematically review adult PA studies using SNA to understand important social network concepts relative to PA. DATA SOURCE A search was performed using PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA To be included in the search, articles needed to 1) include a measure of PA, 2) conduct an SNA in which specific relationships were measured, and 3) conduct an analysis between social network measures and PA. DATA EXTRACTION Key study elements including network design and results were extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS Data were synthesized to answer 2 questions: 1) how has adult PA been investigated using SNA approaches and 2) how is an adult's social network associated with PA behaviors? RESULTS A final sample of 28 articles remained from an initial 11 085 articles. Network size, homophily, network composition, and network exposure to PA were all associated with individual level PA across studies. Lastly, longitudinal and intervention studies showed a more complex picture of social influence and diffusion of PA behavior. CONCLUSIONS Adults' PA behaviors are influenced by their networks. Capitalizing on this influence, researchers should engage not just individual behavior change but also the social influences present within the person's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, 14736Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Megan S Patterson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, 14736Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Liu Z, Kemperman A, Timmermans H. Influence of Neighborhood Characteristics on Physical Activity, Health, and Quality of Life of Older Adults: A Path Analysis. Front Public Health 2021; 9:783510. [PMID: 34900922 PMCID: PMC8652252 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.783510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As life expectancy and health expenditure consumed by older people increase, maintaining a better health and quality of life for older adults has become an important social issue. Research indicates that physical activity may help address this challenge. Moreover, it is believed that improved quality of life and health benefits from physical activity can be achieved through interventions in the neighborhood environments. However, existing knowledge has often been based on bivariate relationships between these factors, and few studies have formally examined the extent to which any association between neighborhood environments, health, and quality of life may be mediated by the level of physical activity. This paper aims to investigate the direct and indirect influence of neighborhood characteristics on the health and quality of life of older adults, taking into account physical activity behavior and socio-demographic characteristics in a more comprehensive framework. Methods: Data were collected using a survey among 363 older adults aged 60 years and over in China. A path analysis was used that derives all direct and indirect relationships between the variables. Results: Leisure-time physical activity levels played a mediating role in the relation between social capital and health as well as quality of life. Moreover, the study confirmed direct relationships between neighborhood characteristics such as neighborhood aesthetics and traffic safety and health as well as quality of life. However, the effect of neighborhood characteristics on health and quality of life through transport-related physical activity levels was not found. Conclusions: Leisure-time physical activity instead of transport-related physical activity should be considered a priority when developing interventions aiming to promote healthy aging. Additionally, neighborhood characteristics are important in promoting healthy aging, even though they have no or less impacts on older adults' health and quality of life through physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengying Liu
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Astrid Kemperman
- Urban Planning and Transportation Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Harry Timmermans
- Urban Planning and Transportation Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Young adults' physical activity (PA) is a foundation of creating future healthy lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to explore differences in PA, sedentary behaviour, walkability and health beliefs among young adults with different levels of cardiometabolic risks and the influence of moderate-to-vigorous PA. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS Totally, 1149 valid responses were received for a response rate of 86.32%. According to the self-reported worst health condition, participants were categorised into healthy adults, and adults at levels 1 (overweight), 2 (obese), 3 (hypertensive, hyperlipidaemic, and/or hyperglycaemic), and 4 (with a diagnosis of cardiometabolic diseases) of cardiometabolic risks. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES PA, sedentary time, walkability and health beliefs. RESULTS Significant differences in PA (F=3.78, p<0.01) and sedentary time (F=2.39, p<0.05) among groups with various cardiometabolic risk levels were found. Healthy adults and adults at level 1 risk had significantly higher PA than adults at risk levels 2 and 3. Young adults at risk level 3 were less likely to participate in moderate-to-vigorous PA than were healthy adults (OR=0.64 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.99), p<0.05). Individuals who perceived that there were more recreational facilities (OR=1.27 (1.05 to 1.53), p<0.05), who had higher benefits of exercise (OR=1.73 (1.30 to 2.31), p<0.001), and who had lower barriers to exercise (OR=0.42 (0.32 to 0.55), p<0.001) were more likely to participate in moderate-to-vigorous PA. CONCLUSIONS Being aware of body weight changes could be a danger sign of a lack of PA. Developing environmental and psychological strategies to promote engaging in PA is necessary to promote the cardiometabolic health of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching Li
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Urbaniak A, Walsh K. Policy and practise perspectives on older adult critical life-course transitions and place in Ireland. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:e97-e106. [PMID: 33285022 PMCID: PMC8451912 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Major transitions in older people's lives can give rise to multifaceted forms of social exclusion, with subsequent impacts for later life health and well-being. With place now a central concept within policy on ageing and community care, there is the potential that it may offer new pathways to support older people undergoing these critical life transitions (CLTs). However, how policy and practice stakeholders working with and on behalf of these population groups understand, conceptualise and capitalise on the involvement of place in CLTs has not been investigated. This paper aims to address this deficit and explores the perspectives of key national and local actors on three CLTs-dementia, bereavement and forced migration-and their relationship with place and exclusion. The analysis involved 18 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from policy, practice and advocacy spheres related to the CLTs and ageing in general. Interviews highlighted the differences across stakeholders in perceived exclusionary impacts, and the different degrees to which place is conceptualised in relation to these transitions. Findings illustrate the lack of a holistic policy approach to the needs of older people experiencing CLTs that impedes our capacity to truly harness place in supporting older people. The article concludes by arguing for a more nuanced reconstruction of place and its meanings in the context of CLTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Urbaniak
- Irish Centre for Social GerontologyNUI GalwayGalwayIreland
- Institut für SoziologieUniversität WienWienAustria
| | - Kieran Walsh
- Irish Centre for Social GerontologyNUI GalwayGalwayIreland
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Finlay J, Esposito M, Li M, Colabianchi N, Zhou H, Judd S, Clarke P. Neighborhood active aging infrastructure and cognitive function: A mixed-methods study of older Americans. Prev Med 2021; 150:106669. [PMID: 34087319 PMCID: PMC8316307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise benefits cognitive functioning and can protect against neurodegeneration. Neighborhood environments may be pivotal to physically active aging, and thus help shape older adults' cognitive function. This mixed-methods study investigated where older adults exercised outside the home, and whether availability of these neighborhood sites was associated with cognitive function. We thematically analyzed qualitative data from semi-structured interviews in 2015 with 125 older adults (mean age = 71) in the Minneapolis (MN) metropolitan area. Results identified nearby public parks, fitness/sports amenities, and walkable destinations as motivators for recreational exercise and active transit among participants. These findings informed quantitative analysis of the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a national sample of older Black and white Americans (n = 21,151; mean age at assessment = 67; data collected 2006-2017). We used generalized additive multilevel models to examine whether neighborhood features that qualitative participants identified as encouraging physical activity were associated with elevated levels of cognitive function. Results indicated that residing in neighborhoods with greater availability of local parks, access to recreational amenities, and business density was associated with higher levels of cognitive function. We found no evidence to suggest a significant association between availability of these neighborhood resources and rate of cognitive decline. This study identifies specific neighborhood active aging infrastructure that may support cognitive function among older adults aging in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Finlay
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States; Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| | - Michael Esposito
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States; Department of Sociology, Washington University of St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Mao Li
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States; Survey Methodology Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States
| | - Natalie Colabianchi
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 1402 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Huajun Zhou
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States; Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Suzanne Judd
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Philippa Clarke
- Social Environment and Health, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, United States; Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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Xin Y, Shen D, Xu Y. Community Environment and Attitudes Toward Retirement Among Chinese Older Adults: A Moderated Mediation Study. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2021; 94:344-361. [PMID: 34459671 DOI: 10.1177/00914150211038877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of community environment on older adults' attitudes toward retirement based on a sample survey of 1,979 retired workers in a suburban district of Beijing, China. After controlling for demographic characteristics, it is found that older people's satisfaction with the community environment has a positive and direct effect on their retirement attitudes; community participation plays a mediating role in the relationship; and the mediating effect of community participation is moderated by a higher level of self-efficacy. Our results have practical significance for improving the quality of retirement life among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Xin
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, 47836Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Shen
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, 47836Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebin Xu
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, 47836Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Rivera-Navarro J, Bonilla L, Gullón P, González-Salgado I, Franco M. Can we improve our neighbourhoods to be more physically active? Residents' perceptions from a qualitative urban health inequalities study. Health Place 2021; 77:102658. [PMID: 34462206 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to identify neighbourhood factors which prevent and encourage physical activity, according to the residents' perspective. We used qualitative methods, conducting 37 semi-structured interviews and 29 focus groups. The main results were that the type of physical activity that took place in every neighbourhood was different; access to sports facilities varied due to prices and safety issues; garbage and obstacles on sidewalks were a serious limitation to physical activity; economic instability had an impact on physical activity. These results might lead the perception and insights of residents to be considered in public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rivera-Navarro
- Sociology and Communication Department, Social Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Lidia Bonilla
- Sociology and Communication Department, Social Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pedro Gullón
- Surgery and Medical and Social Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio González-Salgado
- Sociology and Communication Department, Social Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Franco
- Surgery and Medical and Social Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Associations Between Perceived Neighborhood Walkability and Device-Based Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:98-106. [PMID: 34388701 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood walkability has been associated with self-reported sedentary behavior (SB) and self-reported and objective physical activity. However, self-reported measures of SB are inaccurate and can lead to biased estimates, and few studies have examined how associations differ by gender and age. The authors examined the relationships between perceived neighborhood walkability measured with the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (scored 1.0-4.0) and device-based SB and physical activity in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults (N = 1,077). The authors fit linear regression models adjusting for device wear time, demographics, self-rated health, and accounting for probability of participation. The Higher Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale was associated with higher steps (+676 steps/point on the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale, p = .001) and sit-to-stand transitions (+2.4 transitions/point, p = .018). Though not statistically significant, stratified analyses suggest an attenuation of effect for those aged 85 years and older and for women. Consistent with previous literature, neighborhood walkability was associated with more steps, though not with physical activity time. The neighborhood environment may also influence SB.
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Mahmudiono T, Setyaningtyas SW, Rachmah Q, Nindya TS, Megatsari H, Indriani D, Rifqi MA, Kriengsinyos W. Self-efficacy in physical activity and glycemic control among older adults with diabetes in Jagir Subdistrict, Surabaya, Indonesia. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07578. [PMID: 34355086 PMCID: PMC8321923 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes in older adults has shown an increase in prevalence, especially in urban areas of Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the relationship between self-efficacy in physical activity and glycemic control in older adults' population with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. This research used cross sectional design that involved 52 adults with diabetes, aged between 55-90 years old who regularly attended the older adult's health post (Posyandu Lansia) at Jagir Sub-district, Surabaya. Those who had physical disabilities were excluded from the study. Questionnaires were used to measure the physical activity and two types of self-efficacy whilst the glycemic control was measured using HbA1c in basal condition. The relationship between the variables was tested using Pearson and partial correlation test. Results show that the level of physical activity was insufficient (216.4 ± 343.5 MET) with only 32.7% (N = 17) of the participants was categorized as being physically active. The mean of the HbA1c indicated poor glycaemic control (8.63 ± 2.34%) with majority of them (76.9%, N = 40) was in the poor glycaemic control group (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). Their self-efficacy was at the average level (Against the barriers:52.65 ± 13.23; Engage in physical activity: 59.06 ± 26.2). The self-efficacy in performing the physical activity was found significantly related to the duration of physical activity (r = 0.278, p = 0.046). Other relationships, however, were not significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, self-efficacy to engage in physical activity is paramount to increase the physical activity among the older adults. Nevertheless, further longitudinal research on self-efficacy in physical activity management is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Stefania W Setyaningtyas
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Qonita Rachmah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Triska S Nindya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Hario Megatsari
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Diah Indriani
- Department of Biostatistic and Population, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mahmud A Rifqi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Movement, Music, and Service Learning. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kim H, Lee C, Lee S, Chung KM. Effect of Group Contingency Type on Walking: Comparisons of Effectiveness and Cost Efficiency. Front Psychol 2021; 12:655663. [PMID: 34122239 PMCID: PMC8195251 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group contingency (GC) is an effective and cost-efficient strategy that can be successfully applied to technology-based interventions. This study examined the relative effectiveness and cost efficiency of three types of technology-based group contingencies on walking among adults. Seventy two students were divided into teams of three. Each team was randomly assigned to one of three GC conditions (independent, interdependent, or dependent) and underwent 66 days of technology-based group contingency intervention. Sixty five participants completed the intervention and 61 completed the follow-up assessment 2 months later. Step counts and self-reported walking activity increased after the intervention under all three conditions. The proportion of participants that met the target step counts was significantly higher under the dependent group contingency condition. However, 2 months later, intervention effects were not maintained under any condition. For cost efficiency, the increase in step count per point was significantly higher under the interdependent group contingency condition. Group cohesion and social validity (point satisfaction and point utility) were significantly higher under the dependent group contingency condition. Finally, the clinical implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kyong-Mee Chung
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Hirsch JA, Moore KA, Cahill J, Quinn J, Zhao Y, Bayer FJ, Rundle A, Lovasi GS. Business Data Categorization and Refinement for Application in Longitudinal Neighborhood Health Research: a Methodology. J Urban Health 2021; 98:271-284. [PMID: 33005987 PMCID: PMC8079597 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-020-00482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Retail environments, such as healthcare locations, food stores, and recreation facilities, may be relevant to many health behaviors and outcomes. However, minimal guidance on how to collect, process, aggregate, and link these data results in inconsistent or incomplete measurement that can introduce misclassification bias and limit replication of existing research. We describe the following steps to leverage business data for longitudinal neighborhood health research: re-geolocating establishment addresses, preliminary classification using standard industrial codes, systematic checks to refine classifications, incorporation and integration of complementary data sources, documentation of a flexible hierarchical classification system and variable naming conventions, and linking to neighborhoods and participant residences. We show results of this classification from a dataset of locations (over 77 million establishment locations) across the contiguous U.S. from 1990 to 2014. By incorporating complementary data sources, through manual spot checks in Google StreetView and word and name searches, we enhanced a basic classification using only standard industrial codes. Ultimately, providing these enhanced longitudinal data and supplying detailed methods for researchers to replicate our work promotes consistency, replicability, and new opportunities in neighborhood health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana A. Hirsch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, PA Philadelphia, USA
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Kari A. Moore
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jesse Cahill
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY USA
| | - James Quinn
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY USA
| | - Yuzhe Zhao
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Felicia J. Bayer
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Andrew Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY USA
| | - Gina S. Lovasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, PA Philadelphia, USA
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Aburub AS, Phillips SP, Aldughmi M, Curcio CL, Guerra RO, Auais M. Fear of Falling Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Heart Disease: Findings from an International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 38:2038-2051. [PMID: 33726620 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.1901327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Older adults with heart disease (HD) are more likely to report a higher prevalence of falls compared to those without HD. A knowledge gap currently exists regarding the factors associated with fear of falling (FOF) among older adults with HD. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate FOF and identify factors associated with FOF among older adults with HD. Methods: Data came from a secondary analysis of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) baseline (2012) data. FOF was measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Stepwise linear regression was used to identify factors associated with FOF. Results: A total of 429 participants identified themselves as having heart disease diagnosed by their physician (mean age 69.5 ± 2.9). Older adults with HD reported on average (25.6) higher FOF than those without HD. For older adults with HD, FES-I increased significantly by 1.3, 1.0, and 0.6 points, when the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Leganes Cognitive Test, and QOL total scores decreased by one point. FES-I also significantly increased by 3.2 when income was insufficient compared to sufficient or very sufficient income. Discussion: FOF is multifactorial, and our findings provide a base for developing future management rehabilitation intervention programs aimed at decreasing FOF among older adults with HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala' S Aburub
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Susan P Phillips
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mayis Aldughmi
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Carmen-Lucia Curcio
- Research Group on Geriatrics and Gerontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad De Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | | | - Mohammad Auais
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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