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Castel R, Tassistro V, Lebarillier S, Dupuy N, Noack Y, Orsière T, Malleret L. Chemical and genotoxic characterization of bioaccessible fractions as a comprehensive in vitro tool in assessing the health risk due to dust-bound contaminant ingestion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33248-3. [PMID: 38691285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
In the last two decades, awareness grew on the matter of the impact of environment on human health. Contaminants sorbed onto soil and settled dust can be ingested and thus represent a hazard, particularly to young children, who play on the ground and bring their hands and objects to their mouth. Metal(loid)s and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of concern as they are both carcinogenic to humans and ubiquitous in outdoor environments. The present study aims to assess the total and bioaccessible fractions of PAHs and metal(loid)s present in settled dust of four preschools located in industrial, urban, and suburban areas. On the one hand, children's incremental life cancer risks (ILCR) were calculated according to ingestion pathway. On the other hand, the genotoxicities of the bioaccessible dust-bonded contaminants were determined on gastric cells. PAH concentrations ranged from 50.9 to 2267.3 ng/g, and the bioaccessible fraction represented 10.7% of the total in average. Metal(loid) concentration ranged from 12,430 to 38,941 µg/g, and the mean bioaccessibility was of 40.1%. Cancer risk ranged from 2.8.105 to 8.6.105, indicating that there is a potential cancer risk for children linked to the ingestion of settled dust. The inorganic bioaccessible fraction induced little DNA (< 20%TailDNA) and chromosomal damages (30% increase in micronuclei), whereas the organic bioaccessible fraction induced higher DNA (17-63%TailDNA) and chromosomal damages (88% increase in micronuclei). Such experimental approach needs to be deepen, as a tool complementary to cancer risk calculation, since the latter only lays on a set of targeted contaminants with known toxicity values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Castel
- Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
- IMBE, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, AU, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Dupuy
- IMBE, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, AU, Marseille, France
| | - Yves Noack
- CEREGE, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Thierry Orsière
- IMBE, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, AU, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Malleret
- Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France.
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2
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Melzi G, Massimi L, Frezzini MA, Iulini M, Tarallo N, Rinaldi M, Paglione M, Nozza E, Crova F, Valentini S, Valli G, Costabile F, Canepari S, Decesari S, Vecchi R, Marinovich M, Corsini E. Redox-activity and in vitro effects of regional atmospheric aerosol pollution: Seasonal differences and correlation between oxidative potential and in vitro toxicity of PM 1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 485:116913. [PMID: 38522584 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Particulate Matter (PM) is a complex and heterogeneous mixture of atmospheric particles recognized as a threat to human health. Oxidative Potential (OP) measurement is a promising and integrative method for estimating PM-induced health impacts since it is recognized as more closely associated with adverse health effects than ordinarily used PM mass concentrations. OP measurements could be introduced in the air quality monitoring, along with the parameters currently evaluated. PM deposition in the lungs induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage. The study aimed to compare the OP measurements with toxicological effects on BEAS-2B and THP-1 cells of winter and summer PM1 collected in the Po Valley (Italy) during 2021. PM1 was extracted in deionized water by mechanical agitation and tested for OP and, in parallel, used to treat cells. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses were assessed by MTT test, DCFH-DA assay, micronucleus, γ-H2AX, comet assay modified with endonucleases, ELISA, and Real-Time PCR. The evaluation of OP was performed by applying three different assays: dithiothreitol (OPDTT), ascorbic acid (OPAA), and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (OPDCFH), in addition, the reducing potential was also analysed (RPDPPH). Seasonal differences were detected in all the parameters investigated. The amount of DNA damage detected with the Comet assay and ROS formation highlights the presence of oxidative damage both in winter and in summer samples, while DNA damage (micronucleus) and genes regulation were mainly detected in winter samples. A positive correlation with OPDCFH (Spearman's analysis, p < 0.05) was detected for IL-8 secretion and γ-H2AX. These results provide a biological support to the implementation in air quality monitoring of OP measurements as a useful proxy to estimate PM-induced cellular toxicological responses. In addition, these results provide new insights for the assessment of the ability of secondary aerosol in the background atmosphere to induce oxidative stress and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Melzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Agostina Frezzini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; ARPA Lazio, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Boncompagni 101, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Iulini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Naima Tarallo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Rinaldi
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Paglione
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emma Nozza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 19, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Crova
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Valentini
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Valli
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Costabile
- National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Decesari
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center, NBFC, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Vecchi
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Marinovich
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Science (DiSFeB) "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
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de Lagarde VM, Chevalier L, Méausoone C, Cazier F, Dewaele D, Cazier-Dennin F, Janona M, Logie C, Achard S, André V, Rogez-Florent T, Monteil C, Corbiere C. Acute and repeated exposures of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells culture to particles from a coloured pyrotechnic smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 105:104327. [PMID: 38006978 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Coloured pyrotechnic smokes are frequently used in the military field and occasionally by civilians, but their health hazards have been little studied. The main concern could rise from inhalation of smoke particles. Our previous study showed that acute exposure to particles from a red signalling smoke (RSS) induced an antioxidant and inflammatory responses in small airway epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to further explore the toxicity of RSS particles at a more proximal level of the respiratory tract, using normal human bronchial epithelial cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface. Acute exposure (24 h) induced an oxidative stress that persisted 24 h post-exposure, associated with particle internalization and epithelium morphological changes (cuboidal appearance and loss of cilia). Repeated exposures (4×16h) to RSS particles did not trigger oxidative stress but cell morphological changes occurred. Overall, this study provides a better overview of the toxic effects of coloured smoke particles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Chevalier
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, GPM-UMR6634, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Clémence Méausoone
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM - Centre Commun de Mesures, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Dorothée Dewaele
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, CCM - Centre Commun de Mesures, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Francine Cazier-Dennin
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 4492 - UCEIV - Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 417, 59 375 Dunkerque, France
| | - Marion Janona
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Cathy Logie
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Achard
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm UMR1153 - CRESS, HERA " Health Environmental Risk Assessment ", 75005 Paris, France
| | - Véronique André
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Tiphaine Rogez-Florent
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Christelle Monteil
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Cécile Corbiere
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, ABTEUR 4651, F-76000 Rouen, France.
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4
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Castel R, Bertoldo R, Lebarillier S, Noack Y, Orsière T, Malleret L. Toward an interdisciplinary approach to assess the adverse health effects of dust-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metal(loid)s on preschool children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122372. [PMID: 37598934 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Settled dust can function as a pollutant sink for compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metal(loid)s (MMs), which may lead to health issues. Thus, dust represents a hazard specifically for young children, because of their vulnerability and hand-to-mouth behavior favoring dust ingestion. The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of the season and the microenvironment on the concentrations of 15 PAHs and 17 MMs in indoor and outdoor settled dust in three preschools (suburban, urban, and industrial). Second, the potential sources and health risks among children associated with dust PAHs and MMs were assessed. Third, domestic factors (risk perception, knowledge and parental style) were described to explore protective parental behaviors toward dust hazards. The suburban preschool had the lowest concentrations of dust PAHs and MMs, while the industrial and urban preschools had higher but similar concentrations. Seasonal tendencies were not clearly observed. Indoor dusts reflected the outdoor environment, even if specific indoor sources were noted. Source analysis indicated mainly vehicular emissions, material release, and pyrogenic or industrial sources. The non-cancer health risks were non-existent, but potential cancer health risks (between 1.10-6 and 1.10-4) occurred at all sampling locations. Notably, the highest cancer risk was observed in a playground area (>1.10-4) and material release should be further addressed. Whereas we assessed higher risk indoors, parents perceived a higher risk in the open-air environment and at the preschool than at home. They also perceived a lower risk for their own children, revealing an optimism bias, which reduces parental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Castel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Aix-en-Provence, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Marseille, France
| | - Raquel Bertoldo
- Aix Marseille Univ, LPS, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Stéphanie Lebarillier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Yves Noack
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Thierry Orsière
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Malleret
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, Aix-en-Provence, France.
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5
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Barbier E, Carpentier J, Simonin O, Gosset P, Platel A, Happillon M, Alleman LY, Perdrix E, Riffault V, Chassat T, Lo Guidice JM, Anthérieu S, Garçon G. Oxidative stress and inflammation induced by air pollution-derived PM 2.5 persist in the lungs of mice after cessation of their sub-chronic exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108248. [PMID: 37857188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
More than 7 million early deaths/year are attributable to air pollution. Current health concerns are especially focused on air pollution-derived particulate matter (PM). Although oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation is one of the main adverse outcome pathways triggered by air pollution-derived PM, the persistence of both these underlying mechanisms, even after exposure cessation, remained poorly studied. In this study, A/JOlaHsd mice were also exposed acutely (24 h) or sub-chronically (4 weeks), with or without a recovery period (12 weeks), to two urban PM2.5 samples collected during contrasting seasons (i.e., autumn/winter, AW or spring/summer, SS). The distinct intrinsic oxidative potentials (OPs) of AW and SS PM2.5, as evaluated in acellular conditions, were closely related to their respective physicochemical characteristics and their respective ability to really generate ROS over-production in the mouse lungs. Despite the early activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) cell signaling pathway by AW and, in a lesser degree, SS PM2.5, in the murine lungs after acute and sub-chronic exposures, the critical redox homeostasis was not restored, even after the exposure cessation. Accordingly, an inflammatory response was reported through the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) cell signaling pathway activation, the secretion of cytokines, and the recruitment of inflammatory cells, in the murine lungs after the acute and sub-chronic exposures to AW and, in a lesser extent, to SS PM2.5, which persisted after the recovery period. Taken together, these original results provided, for the first time, new relevant insights that air pollution-derived PM2.5, with relatively high intrinsic OPs, induced oxidative stress and inflammation, which persisted admittedly at a lower level in the lungs after the exposure cessation, thereby contributing to the occurrence of molecular and cellular adverse events leading to the development and/or exacerbation of future chronic inflammatory lung diseases and even cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Barbier
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Jessica Carpentier
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Ophélie Simonin
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Pierre Gosset
- Service d'Anatomo-pathologie, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | - Anne Platel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Mélanie Happillon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France
| | - Laurent Y Alleman
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Esperanza Perdrix
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Riffault
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Chassat
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Plateforme d'Expérimentation et de Haute Technologie Animale, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR4483-IMPECS, France.
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Gupta AD, Gupta T. A review on potential approach for in silico toxicity analysis of respirable fraction of ambient particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1216. [PMID: 37715017 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and toxicological studies have shown the adverse effect of ambient particulate matter (PM) on respiratory and cardiovascular systems inside the human body. Various cellular and acellular assays in literature use indicators like ROS generation, cell inflammation, mutagenicity, etc., to assess PM toxicity and associated health effects. The presence of toxic compounds in respirable PM needs detailed studies for proper understanding of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion mechanisms inside the body as it is difficult to accurately imitate or simulate these mechanisms in lab or animal models. The leaching kinetics of the lung fluid, PM composition, retention time, body temperature, etc., are hard to mimic in an artificial experimental setup. Moreover, the PM size fraction also plays an important role. For example, the ultrafine particles may directly enter systemic circulations while coarser PM10 may be trapped and deposited in the tracheo-bronchial region. Hence, interpretation of these results in toxicity models should be done judiciously. Computational models predicting PM toxicity are rare in the literature. The variable composition of PM and lack of proper understanding for their synergistic role inside the body are prime reasons behind it. This review explores different possibilities of in silico modeling and suggests possible approaches for the risk assessment of PM particles. The toxicity testing approach for engineered nanomaterials, drugs, food industries, etc., have also been investigated for application in computing PM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Deep Gupta
- Atmospheric Particle Technology Lab at Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering and Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, Pin-208016, India
| | - Tarun Gupta
- Atmospheric Particle Technology Lab at Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering and Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, Pin-208016, India.
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Holme JA, Låg M, Skueland T, Parenicová M, Ciganek M, Penciková K, Grytting VS, Neca J, Øvrevik J, Mariussen E, Jørgensen RB, Refsnes M, Machala M. Characterization of elements, PAHs, AhR-activity and pro-inflammatory responses of road tunnel-derived particulate matter in human hepatocyte-like and bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 90:105611. [PMID: 37164185 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The aims were to characterize the content of elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in size-separated particulate matter (PM) sampled in a road tunnel, estimate the contribution of PAHs to the toxic potential, and measure the pro-inflammatory potential of PM samples and extracts with increasing polarity. Several elements/metals previously associated with cytokine responses were found. Based on PAHs levels and published PAHs potency, the calculated mutagenic and carcinogenic activities of size-separated samples were somewhat lower for coarse than fine and ultrafine PM. The AhR-activity of the corresponding PM extracts measured in an AhR-luciferase reporter model (human hepatocytes) were more similar. The highest AhR-activity was found in the neutral (parent and alkylated PAHs) and polar (oxy-PAHs) fractions, while the semi-polar fractions (mono-nitrated-PAHs) had only weak activity. The neutral and polar aromatic fractions from coarse and fine PM were also found to induce higher pro-inflammatory responses and CYP1A1 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT) than the semi-polar fractions. Fine PM induced higher pro-inflammatory responses than coarse PM. AhR-inhibition reduced cytokine responses induced by parent PM and extracts of both size fractions. Contributors to the toxic potentials include PAHs and oxy-PAHs, but substantial contributions from other organic compounds and/or metals are likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tonje Skueland
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Martina Parenicová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Penciková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vegard Sæter Grytting
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jiri Neca
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Mariussen
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rikke Bramming Jørgensen
- Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magne Refsnes
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
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8
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Despréaux P, Jeanton C, Desaulle D, Al Zallouha M, Verdin A, Momas I, Achard S. Innovative graph analysis method to assess gene expression modulation after fine particles exposures of 3D human airway epithelia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115296. [PMID: 36642119 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental particles have dramatic consequences for health, especially for the most vulnerable people, such as asthmatics. To better understand the impact on gene expression modulation of fine particles (PM2.5-0.3) from different emission sources, a 3D-airway model, a human bronchial epithelium (MucilAir-HF™) reconstructed from primary cells from healthy (EpiH) or asthmatic (EpiA) donors, was used. Repeated air-liquid exposures were performed, and epithelia were sacrificed to extract RNAs and assess gene expression. Data were analyzed according to the emission sources, physiological status, and exposure doses using a recent model consisting in a graph analysis on pairwise expression ratio. The results were compared with those from the classical ΔΔCt method. The graph analysis method proved to have better statistical properties than the classical ΔΔCt method and demonstrated that repeated PM2.5-0.3 exposures induced a dose-dependent up-regulation of the metabolic gene (CYP1B1) and a down-regulation of the inflammation gene (CXCL10). These modulations were greater for "industrial" than for "urban traffic" fine particles, and the effects were found to be greater after exposure of EpiA than EpiH, thus emphasizing the importance of the epithelium's physiological status in sensitivity to particles. Our study is original in terms of the experimental conditions and the graphical statistical analysis model established. The results highlight the importance of particle chemistry on the modulation of cellular and molecular responses, which may vary according to the individual's vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philomène Despréaux
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, CRESS INSERM UMR 1153, équipe HERA (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), Paris, France
| | - Capucine Jeanton
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, CRESS INSERM UMR 1153, équipe HERA (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), Paris, France
| | - Dorota Desaulle
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, UR 7537 - BioSTM (Biostatistique, Traitement et Modélisation des données biologiques), Paris, France
| | - Margueritta Al Zallouha
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, CRESS INSERM UMR 1153, équipe HERA (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), Paris, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV) UR4492, SFR Condorcet CNRS 3417, Dunkerque, France
| | - Isabelle Momas
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, CRESS INSERM UMR 1153, équipe HERA (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Achard
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, CRESS INSERM UMR 1153, équipe HERA (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), Paris, France.
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9
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Yang R, Ge P, Liu X, Chen W, Yan Z, Chen M. Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on Caenorhabditis elegans of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter. TOXICS 2023; 11:116. [PMID: 36850991 PMCID: PMC9964627 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
While numerous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on human health, little attention has been paid to its impact on offspring health. The multigenerational toxic effects on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were investigated by acute exposure. PM2.5 and PM1 samples were collected and analysed for their chemical composition (inorganic ions, metals, OM, PAHs) in different seasons from April 2019 to January 2020 in Lin'an, China. A higher proportion of organic carbon components (34.3%, 35.9%) and PAHs (0.0144%, 0.0200%) occupied the PM2.5 and PM1 samples in winter, respectively. PM1 in summer was enriched with some metal elements (2.7%). Exposure to fine PM caused developmental slowing and increased germ cell apoptosis, as well as inducing intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. PM1 caused stronger toxic effects than PM2.5. The correlation between PM component and F0 generation toxicity index was analysed. Body length, germ cell apoptosis and intestinal autofluorescence were all highly correlated with Cu, As, Pb, OC and PAHs, most strongly with PAHs. The highest correlation coefficients between ROS and each component are SO42- (R = 0.743), Cd (R = 0.816) and OC (R = 0.716). The results imply that OC, PAHs and some transition metals play an important role in the toxicity of fine PM to C. elegans, where the organic fraction may be the key toxicogenic component. The multigenerational studies show that PM toxicity can be passed from parent to offspring, and gradually returns to control levels in the F3-F4 generation with germ cell apoptosis being restored in the F4 generation. Therefore, the adverse effects of PM on reproductive damage are more profound.
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10
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Gu Y, Xu H, Feng R, Cheng Y, Han B, Ho KF, Wang Z, He Y, Qu L, Ho SSH, Sun J, Shen Z, Cao J. Associations of personal exposure to domestic heating and cooking fuel emissions and epidemiological effects on rural residents in the Fenwei Plain, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159217. [PMID: 36206913 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid fuel combustion for domestic heating in northern China in the wintertime is of great environmental and health concern. This study assesses personal exposure to particulate matter with different aerodynamic diameters and multiple gaseous pollutants from 123 rural residents in Yuncheng, the Fenwei Plain. The subjects are divided into groups based on the unique energy source applied, including biomass, coal, and electricity/no heating activities. The health effects of the exposures are expressed with four urinary biomarkers. The personal exposure levels to three different aerodynamic particle sizes (i.e., PM10, PM2.5, and PM1) of the electricity/no heating group are 5.1 % -12 % lower than those of the coal group. In addition, the exposure levels are 25 %-40 % lower for carbon monoxide (CO) and 10.8 %-20.3 % lower for ozone (O3) in the electricity/no heating group than the other two fuel groups. C-reactive protein (CRP) in the urine of the participants in biomass and coal groups is significantly higher than that in the electricity/no heating group, consistent with the observations on other biomarkers. Increases in 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are observed for the exposures to higher concentrations of air pollutants. For instance, PMs and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) show significant impacts on positive correlations with 8-OHdG and IL-8, while O3 positively correlates with CRP. PM1 exhibits higher effects on the biomarkers than the gaseous pollutants, especially on VEGF and IL-8. The study indicates that excessive use of traditional domestic solid fuels could pose severe health effects on rural residents. The promotion of using clean energy is urgently needed in the rural areas of northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Gu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Rong Feng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zexuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yansu He
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linli Qu
- Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, United States
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Junji Cao
- SKLLQG, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
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11
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Chen Y, Lai B, Wei Y, Ma Q, Liang H, Yang H, Ye R, Zeng M, Wang H, Wu Y, Liu X, Guo L, Tang H. Polluting characteristics, sources, cancer risk, and cellular toxicity of PAHs bound in atmospheric particulates sampled from an economic transformation demonstration area of Dongguan in the Pearl River Delta, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114383. [PMID: 36150442 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industrial Park is a national economic transition demonstration area, which centers at a traditional industrial region, in Dongguan, China. We were interested in the involved atmospheric particulates-bound PAHs regarding their sources, cancer risk, and related cellular toxicity for those in other areas under comparable conditions. In this study, the daily concentrations of TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 were averaged 127.95, 95.91, and 67.62 μg/m3, and the bound PAHs were averaged 1.31, 1.22, and 0.77 ng/m3 in summer and 12.72, 20.51 and 40.27 ng/m3 in winter, respectively. The dominant PAHs were those with 5-6 rings, and 4-6 rings in summer and winter, respectively. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) (90th percentile probability) of total PAHs was above 1.00E-06 in each age group, particularly high in adolescents. Sensitivity analysis indicated that slope factor and body weight had greater impact than exposure duration and inhalation rate on the ILCR. Moreover, treatment of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells with mixed five indicative PAHs increased the formation of ROS, DNA damage (elevation in γ-H2AX), and protein levels of CAR, PXR, CYP1A1, 1A2, 1B1, while reduced the AhR protein, with the winter mixture more potent than summer. For the sources of PAHs, the stable carbon isotope ratio analysis and diagnostic ratios consistently pointed to petroleum and fossil fuel combustion as major sources. In conclusion, our findings suggest that particulates-bound PAHs deserve serious concerns for a cancer risk in such environment, and the development of new power sources for reducing fossil fuel combustion is highly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bei Lai
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Shenzhen Nanshan Medical Group HQ, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yixian Wei
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qiaowei Ma
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dupont China Holdings LTD Guangzhou Branch, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hairong Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ruifang Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Minjuan Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Huanwen Tang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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12
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Bengalli R, Zerboni A, Bonfanti P, Saibene M, Mehn D, Cella C, Ponti J, La Spina R, Mantecca P. Characterization of microparticles derived from waste plastics and their bio-interaction with human lung A549 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:2030-2044. [PMID: 35929361 PMCID: PMC9805234 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) represent a worldwide emerging relevant concern toward human and environmental health due to their intentional or unintentional release. Human exposure to MPs by inhalation is predicted to be among the most hazardous. MPs include both engineered, or primary MPs, and secondary MPs, materials obtained by fragmentation from any plastic good. The major part of the environmental MPs is constituted by the second ones that are irregular in size, shape and composition. These features make the study of the biological impact of heterogenous MPs of extremely high relevance to better estimate the real toxicological hazards of these materials on human and environmental organisms. The smallest fractions of plastic granules, relying on the micron-sized scale, can be considered as the most abundant component of the environmental MPs, and for this reason, they are typically used to perform toxicity tests using in vitro systems representative of an inhalation exposure scenario. In the present work, MPs obtained from industrial treatment of waste plastics (wMPs < 50 μm) were investigated, and after the physico-chemical characterization, the cytotoxic, inflammatory and genotoxic responses, as well as the modality of wMPs interactions with alveolar lung cells, were determined. Obtained results indicated that, at high concentrations (100 μg/ml) and prolonged exposure time (48 h), wMPs affect biological responses by inducing inflammation and genotoxicity, as a result of the cell-wMP interactions, also including the uptake of the smaller particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Bengalli
- POLARIS Reaserch Center, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano – BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Alessandra Zerboni
- POLARIS Reaserch Center, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano – BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Patrizia Bonfanti
- POLARIS Reaserch Center, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano – BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Melissa Saibene
- POLARIS Reaserch Center, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano – BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Dora Mehn
- Joint Research Centre (JRC)European CommissionIspraItaly
| | - Claudia Cella
- Joint Research Centre (JRC)European CommissionIspraItaly
| | - Jessica Ponti
- Joint Research Centre (JRC)European CommissionIspraItaly
| | - Rita La Spina
- Joint Research Centre (JRC)European CommissionIspraItaly
| | - Paride Mantecca
- POLARIS Reaserch Center, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano – BicoccaMilanItaly
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13
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Yang M, Jalava P, Wang XF, Bloom MS, Leskinen A, Hakkarainen H, Roponen M, Komppula M, Wu QZ, Xu SL, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Hu LW, Yang BY, Zeng XW, Yu YJ, Dong GH. Winter and spring variation in sources, chemical components and toxicological responses of urban air particulate matter samples in Guangzhou, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157382. [PMID: 35843314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sources and chemical components of urban air particles exhibit seasonal variations that may affect their hazardousness to human health. Our aims were to investigate winter and spring variation in particulate matter (PM) sources, components and toxicological responses of different PM size fractions from samples collected in Guangzhou, China. Four size-segregated PM samples (PM10-2.5, PM2.5-1, PM1-0.2, and PM0.2) were collected separately during winter (December 2017 and January 2018) and spring (March 2018). All PM samples were analyzed for chemical components and characterized by source. RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to four doses of PM samples for 24 h. Cytotoxicity, oxidation, cell cycle, genotoxicity and inflammatory parameters were tested. PM concentrations were higher in the winter samples and caused more severe cytotoxicity and oxidative damage than to PM in the spring samples. PM in winter and spring led to increases in cell cycle and genotoxicity. The trends of size-segregated PM components were consistent in winter and spring samples. Metallic elements and PAHs were found in the largest concentrations in winter PM, but ions were found in the largest concentrations in spring PM. metallic elements, PAHs and ions in size-segregated PM samples were associated with most toxicological endpoints. Soil dust and biomass burning were the main sources of PM in winter, whereas traffic exhaust and biomass burning was the main source with of spring PM. Our results suggest that the composition of PM samples from Guangzhou differed during winter and spring, which led to strong variations in toxicological responses. The results demonstrate the importance of examining a different particle sizes, compositions and sources across different seasons, for human risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yang
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ari Leskinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Hakkarainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Komppula
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qi-Zhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shu-Li Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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14
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Tavella RA, de Lima Brum R, Ramires PF, Santos JEK, Carvalho RB, Marmett B, Vargas VMF, Baisch PRM, da Silva Júnior FMR. Health impacts of PM 2.5-bound metals and PAHs in a medium-sized Brazilian city. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:622. [PMID: 35907078 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rio Grande is a medium-sized industrial city located in the extreme south of Brazil, and previous studies in this city have shown contamination by metal(loids) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water, soil, and sediment and in the atmosphere. In Brazil, the incorporation of PM2.5 monitoring in environmental legislation is recent (2018) and, like other developing countries, the number of studies is still small. This study aimed to investigate the levels of PM2.5 in the industrial and urban area of Rio Grande, to determine the concentration of metal(loid)s As, Cd, Cu, and Pb and of 16 PAHs in the samples of PM2.5, to perform the health risk assessment for these contaminants and the health impact assessment for two possible scenarios of reduction of PM2.5 levels. Our main findings regarding the PM2.5 samples include the following: (1) The levels of this pollutant in the city of Rio Grande were higher than those allowed in current Brazilian legislation, in both the industrial and urban areas; (2) the existence of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for metals present in all samples; (3) the absence of carcinogenic risk for the assessed PAHs; and (4) the reduction scenarios proposed pointed to a reduction of up to 22 deaths annually in conjunction with reductions in health-related expenditures. Thus, these results may serve as a basis for the development of public health policies aimed at improving air quality, jointly assisting health surveillance and directing future studies towards a better intrinsic approach to the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Adler Tavella
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 8 Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Lima Brum
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 8 Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Florencio Ramires
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 8 Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Jéssica El Koury Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Benjamin Constant, 989, Porto, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sol, 96010-020, Brazil
| | - Roseana Boek Carvalho
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marmett
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Ferrão Vargas
- Centro de Ecologia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Rio Grande do Sul, 91509-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 8 Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália, Km 8 Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Benjamin Constant, 989, Porto, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sol, 96010-020, Brazil.
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15
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Skuland T, Grytting VS, Låg M, Jørgensen RB, Snilsberg B, Leseman DLAC, Kubátová A, Emond J, Cassee FR, Holme JA, Øvrevik J, Refsnes M. Road tunnel-derived coarse, fine and ultrafine particulate matter: physical and chemical characterization and pro-inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:45. [PMID: 35787286 PMCID: PMC9251916 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traffic particulate matter (PM) comprises a mixture of particles from fuel combustion and wear of road pavement, tires and brakes. In countries with low winter temperatures the relative contribution of mineral-rich PM from road abrasion may be especially high due to use of studded tires during winter season. The aim of the present study was to sample and characterize size-fractioned PM from two road tunnels paved with different stone materials in the asphalt, and to compare the pro-inflammatory potential of these fractions in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT) in relation to physicochemical characteristics. METHODS The road tunnel PM was collected with a vacuum pump and a high-volume cascade impactor sampler. PM was sampled during winter, both during humid and dry road surface conditions, and before and after cleaning the tunnels. Samples were analysed for hydrodynamic size distribution, content of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC) and endotoxin, and the capacity for acellular generation of reactive oxygen species. Cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory responses were assessed in HBEC3-KT cells after exposure to coarse (2.5-10 μm), fine (0.18-2.5 μm) and ultrafine PM (≤ 0.18 μm), as well as particles from the respective stone materials used in the pavement. RESULTS The pro-inflammatory potency of the PM samples varied between road tunnels and size fractions, but showed more marked responses than for the stone materials used in asphalt of the respective tunnels. In particular, fine samples showed significant increases as low as 25 µg/mL (2.6 µg/cm2) and were more potent than coarse samples, while ultrafine samples showed more variable responses between tunnels, sampling conditions and endpoints. The most marked responses were observed for fine PM sampled during humid road surface conditions. Linear correlation analysis showed that particle-induced cytokine responses were correlated to OC levels, while no correlations were observed for other PM characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The pro-inflammatory potential of fine road tunnel PM sampled during winter season was high compared to coarse PM. The differences between the PM-induced cytokine responses were not related to stone materials in the asphalt. However, the ratio of OC to total PM mass was associated with the pro-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje Skuland
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vegard Sæter Grytting
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rikke Bræmming Jørgensen
- Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Daan L A C Leseman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment - RIVM, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Jessica Emond
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment - RIVM, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, 0316, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Refsnes
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, 0213, Skøyen, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Huang D, Shi S, Wang Y, Wang X, Shen Z, Wang M, Pei C, Wu Y, He Y, Wang Z. Astragaloside IV alleviates PM2.5-caused lung toxicity by inhibiting inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via NLRP3/caspase-1 axis inhibition in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112978. [PMID: 35462332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM)2.5 in air pollution is a serious health issue worldwide. At present, effective prevention measures and modalities of treatment for PM2.5-caused lung toxicity are lacking. This study elucidated the protective effect of astragaloside IV (Ast), a natural product from Astragalus membranaceous Bunge, against PM2.5-caused lung toxicity and its possible molecular mechanisms. The mice model of lung toxicity was performed by intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 dust suspension. The investigation was performed with Ast or in combination with nigericin, which is a NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activator. The results revealed that PM2.5 lead significant lung inflammation and promoted the pyroptosis pattern of cell death by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and causing oxidative stress related to the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway. Ast protected against PM2.5 resulted lung toxicity via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via NLRP3/caspase-1 axis inhibition, thereby protecting the lung against PM2.5-induced lung inflammation and oxidative damage, eventually resulting in prolonged survival in mice. Nigericin partially reversed the protective effects of Ast. The present research provides new insights into the therapeutic potential of Ast, demonstrating that it might be a possible candidate for the prevention of PM2.5-caused respiratory diseases. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome might be a novel therapeutic tactic for PM2.5-caused respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yilan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Zherui Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Caixia Pei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yongcan Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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17
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Wang Z, Wu Y, Pei C, Wang M, Wang X, Shi S, Huang D, Wang Y, Li S, Xiao W, He Y, Wang F. Astragaloside IV pre-treatment attenuates PM2.5-induced lung injury in rats: Impact on autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153912. [PMID: 35026504 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm, exerts serious lung toxicity. At present, effective prevention measures and treatment modalities for pulmonary toxicity caused by PM2.5 are lacking. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a natural product that has received increasing attention from researchers for its unique biological functions. PURPOSE To investigate the protective effects of AS-IV on PM2.5-induced pulmonary toxicity and identify its potential mechanisms. METHODS The rat model of PM2.5-induced lung toxicity was created by intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 dust suspension. The investigation was performed with AS-IV or in combination with autophagic flux inhibitor (Chloroquine) or AMP-sensitive protein kinase (AMPK)-specific inhibitor (Compound C). Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and western blotting. Autophagy was detected by immunofluorescence staining, autophagic flux measurement, western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy. The AMPK/mTOR pathway was analyzed by western blotting. Inflammation was analyzed by western blotting and suspension array. RESULTS AS-IV prevented histopathological injury, inflammation, autophagy dysfunction, apoptosis, and changes in AMPK levels induced by PM2.5. AS-IV increased autophagic flux and inhibited apoptosis and inflammation by activating the AMPK/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. However, AS-IV had no protective effect on PM2.5-induced lung injury following treatment with Compound C or Chloroquine. CONCLUSION AS-IV prevented PM2.5-induced lung toxicity by restoring the balance among autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation in rats by activating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Yongcan Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Caixia Pei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Shihua Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Demei Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Yilan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Shuiqin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China
| | - Yacong He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, China.
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18
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Boudjema J, Lima B, Grare C, Alleman LY, Rousset D, Perdrix E, Achour D, Anthérieu S, Platel A, Nesslany F, Leroyer A, Nisse C, Lo Guidice JM, Garçon G. Metal enriched quasi-ultrafine particles from stainless steel gas metal arc welding induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in BEAS-2B cells. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100346. [PMID: 35559847 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has supported welding fume (WF)-derived ultrafine particles (UFP) could be the driving force of their adverse health effects. However, UFP have not yet been extensively studied and are currently not included in present air quality standards/guidelines. Here, attention was focused on the underlying genetic and epigenetic mechanisms by which the quasi-UFP (Q-UFP, i.e., ≤ 0.25 μm) of the WF emitted by gas metal arc welding-stainless steel (GMAW-SS) exert their toxicity in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The Q-UFP under study showed a monomodal size distribution in number centered on 104.4 ± 52.3 nm and a zeta potential of -13.8 ± 0.3 mV. They were enriched in Fe > Cr > Mn > Si, and displayed a relatively high intrinsic oxidative potential. Dose-dependent activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, glutathione alteration, and DNA, protein and lipid oxidative damage were reported in BEAS-2B cells acutely (1.5 and 9 μg/cm2, 24 h) or repeatedly (0.25 and 1.5 μg/cm2, 3 × 24 h) exposed to Q-UFP (p < 0.05). Alterations of the Histone H3 acetylation were reported for any exposure (p < 0.05). Differentially regulated miRNA and mRNA indicated the activation of some critical cell signaling pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell cycle deregulation towards apoptosis. Taken together, these results highlighted the urgent need to better evaluate the respective toxicity of the different metals and to include the Q-UFP fraction of WF in current air quality standards/guidelines relevant to the occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Boudjema
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France; Action Santé Travail, Aix-Noulette, France
| | - B Lima
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Grare
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - L Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - D Rousset
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS), Department of Pollutant Metrology, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - D Achour
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - S Anthérieu
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Platel
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - F Nesslany
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Leroyer
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Nisse
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
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19
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Hufnagel M, Neuberger R, Wall J, Link M, Friesen A, Hartwig A. Impact of Differentiated Macrophage-Like Cells on the Transcriptional Toxicity Profile of CuO Nanoparticles in Co-Cultured Lung Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095044. [PMID: 34068728 PMCID: PMC8126233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To mimic more realistic lung tissue conditions, co-cultures of epithelial and immune cells are one comparatively easy-to-use option. To reveal the impact of immune cells on the mode of action (MoA) of CuO nanoparticles (NP) on epithelial cells, A549 cells as a model for epithelial cells have been cultured with or without differentiated THP-1 cells, as a model for macrophages. After 24 h of submerged incubation, cytotoxicity and transcriptional toxicity profiles were obtained and compared between the cell culture systems. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity was apparent starting from 8.0 µg/cm2 CuO NP. With regard to gene expression profiles, no differences between the cell models were observed concerning metal homeostasis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, confirming the known MoA of CuO NP, i.e., endocytotic particle uptake, intracellular particle dissolution within lysosomes with subsequent metal ion deliberation, increased oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. However, applying a co-culture of epithelial and macrophage-like cells, CuO NP additionally provoked a pro-inflammatory response involving NLRP3 inflammasome and pro-inflammatory transcription factor activation. This study demonstrates that the application of this easy-to-use advanced in vitro model is able to extend the detection of cellular effects provoked by nanomaterials by an immunological response and emphasizes the use of such models to address a more comprehensive MoA.
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20
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Combustion-derived particles from biomass sources differently promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition on A549 cells. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1379-1390. [PMID: 33481051 PMCID: PMC8032642 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-02983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Combustion-derived particles (CDPs), due to the presence in their composition of several toxic and carcinogenic chemical compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals, are linked to several respiratory diseases, including lung cancer. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial step in lung cancer progression, involving several morphological and phenotypical changes. The study aims to investigate how exposure to CDPs from different biomass sources might be involved in cancer development, focusing mainly on the effects linked to EMT and invasion on human A549 lung cells. Biomass combustion-derived particles (BCDPs) were collected from a stove fuelled with pellet, charcoal or wood, respectively. A time course and dose response evaluation on cell viability and pro-inflammatory response was performed to select the optimal conditions for EMT-related studies. A significant release of IL-8 was found after 72 h of exposure to 2.5 μg/cm2 BCDPs. The EMT activation was then examined by evaluating the expression of some typical markers, such as E-cadherin and N-cadherin, and the possible enhanced migration and invasiveness. Sub-acute exposure revealed that BCDPs differentially modulated cell viability, migration and invasion, as well as the expression of proteins linked to EMT. Results showed a reduction in the epithelial marker E-cadherin and a parallel increase in the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin, mainly after exposure to charcoal and wood. Migration and invasion were also increased. In conclusion, our results suggest that BCDPs with a higher content of organic compounds (e.g. PAHs) in their chemical composition might play a crucial role in inducing pro-carcinogenic effects on epithelial cells.
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21
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Niu X, Wang Y, Ho SSH, Chuang HC, Sun J, Qu L, Wang G, Ho KF. Characterization of organic aerosols in PM 1 and their cytotoxicity in an urban roadside area in Hong Kong. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128239. [PMID: 33297186 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds in fine particles play major roles in cardiopulmonary diseases. A study was conducted to determine the characteristics and cytotoxicity of organic aerosols (OA) in an urban roadside area in Hong Kong. Chemical components in nonrefractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) were observed using a Quadrupole Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (Q-ACSM), and the chemical profile of organic compounds in NR-PM1 was examined with filter-based approach. Associations between cytotoxicity and organic sources and compositions were evaluated. NR-PM1 contributed to 84% of the PM1 concentrations. The NR-PM1 was composed of organics (55 ± 15%), followed by sulfate (21 ± 9%), ammonium (13 ± 6%), nitrate (10 ± 6%) and chloride (1 ± 1%). Three major organic sources were identified using positive matrix factorization, namely primary organic aerosol (POA, 40 ± 19%), more-oxidized oxygenated OA (MO-OOA, 32 ± 22%) and less-oxidized oxygenated OA (LO-OOA, 28 ± 19%). Variations in organic groups, including alkanes, hopanes, steranes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy-PAHs (OPAHs), and fatty acids, demonstrated that traffic and cooking emissions were dominant pollution sources in this roadside station. Human lung alveolar epithelial (A549) cells were exposed to PM1, revealing increases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and interlukin-6 (IL-6), which indicated the occurrence of inflammatory and oxidative responses. POA was significantly associated with ROS and IL-6, and alkanes, hopanes, steranes, PAHs and OPAHs, and fatty acids presented medium to high correlations with LDH and IL-6, demonstrating the importance of primary emissions and organic compounds in cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that organic compounds emitted from traffic and cooking play critical roles in PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Niu
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- School of Humanities, Economics and Law, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, 89512, United States; Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Linli Qu
- Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 210062, China
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Das A, Habib G, Vivekanandan P, Kumar A. Reactive oxygen species production and inflammatory effects of ambient PM 2.5 -associated metals on human lung epithelial A549 cells "one year-long study": The Delhi chapter. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128305. [PMID: 33182158 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was collected at academic campus of Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India from January-December 2017. The PM2.5 samples were analysed for carcinogenic (Cd, Cr, As, Ni, and Pb) and non-carcinogenic (V, Cu, Zn, Fe) trace metals and their elicited effects on carcinoma epithelial cell line A549. Toxicological testing was done with ELISA kit. Same analyses were repeated for standard reference material (NIST-1648a) represents urban particulate matter. The student-t test and spearman correlation were used for data analysis. The seasonality in PM2.5 mass concentration and chemical composition showed effect on biological outcomes. The PM2.5 in post-monsoon and winter had higher amount of trace metals compared to mass collected in pre-monsoon and monsoon. Following the trend in PM mass concentration significantly (p < 0.5) lower cell viability was observed in post-monsoon and winter compared to other two seasons. NIST UPM 1648(a) samples always had higher cytotoxicity compared to ambient PM2.5 Delhi sample. Strong association of Chromium, Nickel, Cadmium, and Zinc was observed with cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In winter IL-6, IL-8 production were 2.8 and 3 times higher than values observed in post-monsoon and 53 and 9 times higher than control. In winter season trace metals As, Cu, Fe, in pre-monsoon Cr, Ni, As, Pb, V, and Fe, in post-monsoon Cd and V strongly correlated with ROS generation. ROS production in winter and pre-monsoon seasons found to be 2.6 and 1.3 times higher than extremely polluted post-monsoon season which had 2 to 3 times higher PM2.5 concentration compared to winter and pre-monsoon. The result clearly indicated that the presence of Fe in winter and pre-monsoon seasons catalysed the ROS production, probably OH˙ radical caused high cytokines production which influenced the cell viability reduction, while in post-monsoon PM majorly composed of Pb, As, Fe and Cu and affected by photochemical smog formation showed significant association between ROS production with cell viability. Overall, in Delhi most toxic seasons for respiratory system are winter and post-monsoon and safest season is monsoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Das
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Gazala Habib
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Perumal Vivekanandan
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
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23
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Fine particulate matter exposure induces DNA damage by downregulating Rad51 expression in human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells in vitro. Toxicology 2020; 444:152581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Sotty J, Kluza J, De Sousa C, Tardivel M, Anthérieu S, Alleman LY, Canivet L, Perdrix E, Loyens A, Marchetti P, Lo Guidice JM, Garçon G. Mitochondrial alterations triggered by repeated exposure to fine (PM 2.5-0.18) and quasi-ultrafine (PM 0.18) fractions of ambient particulate matter. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105830. [PMID: 32585499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays ambient particulate matter (PM) levels still regularly exceed the guideline values established by World Health Organization in most urban areas. Numerous experimental studies have already demonstrated the airway toxicity of the fine fraction of PM (FP), mainly triggered by oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation. However, only few studies have actually paid close attention to the ultrafine fraction of PM (UFP), which is likely to be more easily internalized in cells and more biologically reactive. Mitochondria are major endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through oxidative metabolism, and coordinate many critical cellular signaling processes. Mitochondria have been often studied in the context of PM toxicity and generally associated with apoptosis activation. However, little is known about the underlying adaptation mechanisms that could occur following exposure at sub-apoptotic doses of ambient PM. Here, normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were acutely or repeatedly exposed to relatively low doses (5 µg.cm-2) of FP (PM2.5-0.18) or quasi-UFP (Q-UFP; PM0.18) to better access the critical changes in mitochondrial morphology, functions, and dynamics. No significant cytotoxicity nor increase of apoptotic events were reported for any exposure. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and intracellular ATP content were also not significantly impaired. After cell exposure to sub-apoptotic doses of FP and notably Q-UFP, oxidative phosphorylation was increased as well as mitochondrial mass, resulting in increased production of mitochondrial superoxide anion. Given this oxidative boost, the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway was significantly activated. However, mitochondrial dynamic alterations in favor of accentuated fission process were observed, in particular after Q-UFP vs FP, and repeated vs acute exposure. Taken together, these results supported mitochondrial quality control and metabolism dysfunction as an early lung underlying mechanism of toxicity, thereby leading to accumulation of defective mitochondria and enhanced endogenous ROS generation. Therefore, these features might play a key role in maintaining PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation within lung cells, which could dramatically contribute to the exacerbation of inflammatory chronic lung diseases. The prospective findings of this work could also offer new insights into the physiopathology of lung toxicity, arguably initiate and/or exacerbate by acutely and rather repeated exposure to ambient FP and mostly Q-UFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sotty
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Kluza
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, UMR 9020-UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C De Sousa
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Tardivel
- Univ. Lille, BioImaging Centre Lille-Nord de France (BICeL), 59000, Lille, France
| | - S Anthérieu
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L-Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L Canivet
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Loyens
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - P Marchetti
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, UMR 9020-UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPECS, 59000 Lille, France.
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25
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Badran G, Verdin A, Grare C, Abbas I, Achour D, Ledoux F, Roumie M, Cazier F, Courcot D, Lo Guidice JM, Garçon G. Toxicological appraisal of the chemical fractions of ambient fine (PM 2.5-0.3) and quasi-ultrafine (PM 0.3) particles in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114620. [PMID: 33618464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
New toxicological research is still urgently needed to improve the current knowledge about the induction of some underlying mechanisms of toxicity by the different chemical fractions of ambient particulate matter (PM). This in vitro study sought also to better evaluate and compare the respective toxicities of fine particles (PM2.5-0.3) and their inorganic and organic chemical fractions, and the respective toxicities of the organic chemical fractions of PM2.5-0.3 and quasi-ultrafine particles (PM0.3). Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were also exposed for 6-48 h to relatively low doses of PM2.5-0.3 and their organic extractable (OEM2.5-0.3) and non-extractable (NEM2.5-0.3) fractions, and the organic extractable fraction (OEM0.3) of PM0.3. We reported that not only PM2.5-0.3, but also, to a lesser extent, its inorganic chemical fraction, NEM2.5-0.3, and organic chemical fraction, OEM2.5-0.3, were able to significantly induce ROS overproduction and oxidative damage notwithstanding the early activation of NRF2 signaling pathway. Moreover, for any exposure, inflammatory and apoptotic events were noticed. Similar results were observed in BEAS-2B cells exposed to OEM0.3, rich of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitrated and oxygenated derivatives. In BEAS-2B cells exposed for 24 and 48 h to OEM2.5-0.3 and OEM0.3, to a higher extent, there was an alteration of the levels of some critical proteins even though crucial for the autophagy rather than a real reduction of autophagy. It is noteworthy that the toxicological effects were equal or mostly higher in BEAS-2B cells exposed for 6 and/or 24 h to PM2.5-0.3 from those exposed to NEM2.5-0.3 or OEM2.5-0.3, and in BEAS-2B cells exposed for 6 and/or mostly 24 h to OEM0.3 from those exposed to OEM2.5-0.3. Taken together, these results revealed the higher potentials for toxicity, closely linked to their respective physical and chemical characteristics, of PM2.5-0.3 vs NEM2.5-0.3 and/or OEM2.5-0.3, and OEM0.3 vs OEM2.5-0.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghidaa Badran
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV-EA 4492, FR CNRS, 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France; Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV-EA 4492, FR CNRS, 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Céline Grare
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Imane Abbas
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Djamal Achour
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV-EA 4492, FR CNRS, 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Mohamad Roumie
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel, Univ. du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV-EA 4492, FR CNRS, 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lo Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
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Zhang J, Zhou Q, Su R, Sun Z, Zhang W, Jin X, Zheng Y. Cardiac dysfunction and metabolic remodeling due to seasonally ambient fine particles exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137792. [PMID: 32182466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing epidemiological evidences have revealed the association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution and cardiovascular disease's morbidity and mortality. However, how seasonal PM2.5 exposure influence cardiac function and the underlying mechanism converged in energy metabolic remodeling remain to be elucidated. This study focused on seasonal PM2.5-induced cardiac dysfunction and metabolic remodeling, and the toxicity differences of PM2.5 samples from different sampling seasons and different exposure dosages were discussed. The results showed that seasonal haze caused cardiac dysfunctions, including decreases in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), abnormal changes in hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters. Concurrently, the energy production in myocardial tissues was evidently disturbed. In particular, low dose of PM2.5 exposure notably induced the elevation of beta oxidation (β-oxidation) and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) as the compensation for the disturbed energy metabolism in animals, whereas high dose of PM2.5 exposure attenuated this process and the glycolysis levels were strikingly promoted, thus causing the reduced energy production and cardiac dysfunction. Comparatively, winter PM2.5 exposure caused more severe cardiac toxicity than did summer haze samples, possibly due to the existence of different components and pollutant levels in seasonal hazes. The findings on seasonal PM2.5 induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial metabolic remodeling provided new insights into cardiovascular disease risks from haze exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Exposure to Air Pollution Exacerbates Inflammation in Rats with Preexisting COPD. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:4260204. [PMID: 32454790 PMCID: PMC7231193 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4260204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter equal or less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) is associated with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanisms by which PM2.5 accelerates disease progression in COPD are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PM2.5 on lung injury in rats with hallmark features of COPD. Cardinal features of human COPD were induced in a rat model by repeated cigarette smoke inhalation and bacterial infection for 8 weeks. Then, from week 9 to week 16, some of these rats with COPD were subjected to real-time concentrated atmospheric PM2.5. Lung function, pathology, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and mucus and collagen production were measured. As expected, the COPD rats had developed emphysema, inflammation, and deterioration in lung function. PM2.5 exposure resulted in greater lung function decline and histopathological changes, as reflected by increased Mucin (MUC) 5ac, MUC5b, Collagen I, Collagen III, and the profibrotic cytokine α-smooth muscle-actin (SMA), transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1 in lung tissues. PM2.5 also aggravated inflammation, increasing neutrophils and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and cytokines including Interleukin- (IL-) 1β, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-4. The likely mechanism is through oxidative stress as antioxidants levels were decreased, whereas oxidants were increased, indicating a detrimental shift in the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Altogether, these results suggest that PM2.5 exposure could promote the development of COPD by impairing lung function and exacerbating pulmonary injury, and the potential mechanisms are related to inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Gallego-Hernández AL, Meza-Figueroa D, Tanori J, Acosta-Elías M, González-Grijalva B, Maldonado-Escalante JF, Rochín-Wong S, Soto-Puebla D, Navarro-Espinoza S, Ochoa-Contreras R, Pedroza-Montero M. Identification of inhalable rutile and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) nanoparticles in the atmospheric dust. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114006. [PMID: 32000024 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the presence of rutile nanoparticles (NPs) in the air is a work in progress, and the development of methodologies for the identification of NPs in atmospheric dust is essential for the assessment of its toxicological effects. To address this issue, we selected the fast growing desertic city of Hermosillo in northern Mexico. Road dust (n = 266) and soils (n = 10) were sampled and bulk Ti-contents were tested by portable X-ray fluorescence. NPs were extracted from atmospheric dust by PM1.0-PTFE filters and further characterized by Confocal Raman Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) coupled to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results showed (i) the average concentration of Ti in road dust (3447 mg kg-1) was similar to natural values and worldwide urban dusts; (ii) the bulk geochemistry was not satisfactory for Ti-NPs identification; (iii) 76% of the total extracted PM1.0 sample corresponded to NPs; (iv) mono-microaggregates of rutile NPs were identified; (v) ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were linked to NPs. The genotoxicity of rutile and PAHs, in connection with NPs content, make us aware of a crucial emerging environmental issue of significant health concern, justifying further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Gallego-Hernández
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Judith Tanori
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Mónica Acosta-Elías
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Belem González-Grijalva
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | | | - Sarai Rochín-Wong
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Diego Soto-Puebla
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Sofia Navarro-Espinoza
- Posgrado en Nanotecnología, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Mexico
| | | | - Martín Pedroza-Montero
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, 83000, Sonora, Mexico.
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29
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Fifteen Years of Airborne Particulates in Vitro Toxicology in Milano: Lessons and Perspectives Learned. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072489. [PMID: 32260164 PMCID: PMC7177378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the world’s leading environmental causes of death. The epidemiological relationship between outdoor air pollution and the onset of health diseases associated with death is now well established. Relevant toxicological proofs are now dissecting the molecular processes that cause inflammation, reactive species generation, and DNA damage. In addition, new data are pointing out the role of airborne particulates in the modulation of genes and microRNAs potentially involved in the onset of human diseases. In the present review we collect the relevant findings on airborne particulates of one of the biggest hot spots of air pollution in Europe (i.e., the Po Valley), in the largest urban area of this region, Milan. The different aerodynamic fractions are discussed separately with a specific focus on fine and ultrafine particles that are now the main focus of several studies. Results are compared with more recent international findings. Possible future perspectives of research are proposed to create a new discussion among scientists working on the toxicological effects of airborne particles.
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30
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Almeida AS, Ferreira RMP, Silva AMS, Duarte AC, Neves BM, Duarte RMBO. Structural Features and Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Water-Soluble Organic Matter in Inhalable Fine Urban Air Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:1082-1091. [PMID: 31710482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The impact of inhalable fine particulate matter (PM2.5, aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) on public health is of great concern worldwide. Knowledge on their harmful effects are mainly due to studies carried out with whole air particles, with the contribution of their different fractions remaining largely unknown. Herein, a set of urban PM2.5 samples were collected during daytime and nighttime periods in autumn and spring, aiming to address the seasonal and day-night variability of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) composition. In vitro analysis of the oxidative and pro-inflammatory potential of WSOM samples was carried out in both acute (24 h) and chronic (3 weeks) exposure setups using Raw264.7 macrophages as cell model. Findings revealed that the structural composition of WSOM samples differs between seasons and in a day-night cycle. Cell exposure resulted in an increase in the transcription of the cytoprotective Hmox1 and pro-inflammatory genes Il1b and Nos2, leading to a moderate pro-inflammatory status. These macrophages showed an impaired capacity to subsequently respond to a strong pro-inflammatory stimulus such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which may implicate a compromised capacity to manage harmful pathogens. Further investigation on aerosol WSOM could help to constrain the mechanisms of WSOM-induced respiratory diseases and contribute to PM2.5 regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine S Almeida
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Rita M P Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA and LAQV-REQUIMTE , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Armando C Duarte
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Bruno M Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Regina M B O Duarte
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM , University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro , Portugal
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31
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Larrea Valdivia AE, Reyes Larico JA, Salcedo Peña J, Wannaz ED. Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed in PM 2.5 and PM 10 in a region of Arequipa, Peru. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3065-3075. [PMID: 31838685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10, as well as those of the PAHs bound to these particles, were quantified at four sites in the region of Arequipa, Peru, during the year 2018. These samples were collected with high volume samplers, and the concentrations of the PAHs were quantified by liquid chromatography (HPLC). The values found for PM2.5 and PM10 at all the sampling sites in Arequipa exceeded the norms established in Peru (50 μg m-3 annual average value for PM10 and 25 μg m-3 annual average value for PM2.5), with the industrial site presenting the highest values of particulate matter (PM10 max = 235.1 μg m-3; PM2.5 max = 218.4 μg m-3). With respect to seasonality, in the cold season (winter), the concentration of particles was higher compared to the other seasons. Concerning the PAHs, it was found that these had the highest concentrations at the industrial site, followed by the site with high vehicular traffic, with both these sites differing significantly from the rural sites. In addition, at the industrial and high traffic sites, there was a predominance of PAHs with 5 and 6 rings, whereas at the rural sites, PAHs with fewer rings predominated. Finally, the calculated values of lifetime lung cancer risk also revealed a difference between sites with marked emission sources, where irrigation was considered moderate, and the rural sites, where irrigation was considered low. This demonstrated that people living at sites with mobile sources and/or industries had a higher cancer risk compared to the inhabitants of rural sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana E Larrea Valdivia
- Centro de Investigación de contaminantes ambientales (CICA) y Centro de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación LABINVSERV, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Independencia s/n, Arequipa, Perú.
| | - Juan A Reyes Larico
- Centro de Investigación de contaminantes ambientales (CICA) y Centro de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación LABINVSERV, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Independencia s/n, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Jimena Salcedo Peña
- Centro de Investigación de contaminantes ambientales (CICA) y Centro de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación LABINVSERV, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Independencia s/n, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Eduardo D Wannaz
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET and FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016GCA, Córdoba, Argentina
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32
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Seasonal Variation in the Biological Effects of PM 2.5 from Greater Cairo. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20204970. [PMID: 31600872 PMCID: PMC6829270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Greater Cairo (Egypt) is a megalopolis where the studies of the air pollution events are of extremely high relevance, for the geographical-climatological aspects, the anthropogenic emissions and the health impact. While preliminary studies on the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition in Greater Cairo have been performed, no data are yet available on the PM’s toxicity. In this work, the in vitro toxicity of the fine PM (PM2.5) sampled in an urban area of Greater Cairo during 2017–2018 was studied. The PM2.5 samples collected during spring, summer, autumn and winter were preliminary characterized to determine the concentrations of ionic species, elements and organic PM (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PAHs). After particle extraction from filters, the cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects were evaluated in human lung A549 cells. The results showed that particles collected during the colder seasons mainly induced the xenobiotic metabolizing system and the consequent antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokine release responses. Biological events positively correlated to PAHs and metals representative of a combustion-derived pollution. PM2.5 from the warmer seasons displayed a direct effect on cell cycle progression, suggesting possible genotoxic effects. In conclusion, a correlation between the biological effects and PM2.5 physico-chemical properties in the area of study might be useful for planning future strategies aiming to improve air quality and lower health hazards.
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33
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Sotty J, Garçon G, Denayer FO, Alleman LY, Saleh Y, Perdrix E, Riffault V, Dubot P, Lo-Guidice JM, Canivet L. Toxicological effects of ambient fine (PM 2.5-0.18) and ultrafine (PM 0.18) particles in healthy and diseased 3D organo-typic mucocilary-phenotype models. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108538. [PMID: 31344532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of the underlying mechanisms by which particulate matter (PM) exerts its health effects is still incomplete since it may trigger various symptoms as some persons may be more susceptible than others. Detailed studies realized in more relevant in vitro models are highly needed. Healthy normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE), asthma-diseased human bronchial epithelial (DHBE), and COPD-DHBE cells, differentiated at the air-liquid interface, were acutely or repeatedly exposed to fine (i.e., PM2.5-0.18, also called FP) and quasi-ultrafine (i.e., PM0.18, also called UFP) particles. Immunofluorescence labelling of pan-cytokeratin, MUC5AC, and ZO-1 confirmed their specific cell-types. Baselines of the inflammatory mediators secreted by all the cells were quite similar. Slight changes of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, MCP-1, and/or TGFα, and of H3K9 histone acetylation supported a higher inflammatory response of asthma- and especially COPD-DHBE cells, after exposure to FP and especially UFP. At baseline, 35 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in asthma-DHBE, and 23 DEG in COPD-DHBE, compared to NHBE cells, were reported. They were involved in biological processes implicated in the development of asthma and COPD diseases, such as cellular process (e.g., PLA2G4C, NLRP1, S100A5, MUC1), biological regulation (e.g., CCNE1), developmental process (e.g., WNT10B), and cell component organization and synthesis (e.g., KRT34, COL6A1, COL6A2). In all the FP or UFP-exposed cell models, DEG were also functionally annotated to the chemical metabolic process (e.g., CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP1A2) and inflammatory response (e.g., EREG). Another DEG, FGF-1, was only down-regulated in asthma and specially COPD-DHBE cells repeatedly exposed. While RAB37 could help to counteract the down-regulation of FGF-1 in asthma-DHBE cells, the deregulation of FGR, WNT7B, VIPR1, and PPARGC1A could dramatically contribute to make it worse in COPD-DHBE cells. Taken together, these data contributed to support the highest effects of UFP versus FP and highest sensitivity of asthma- and notably COPD-DHBE versus NHBE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sotty
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
| | - F-O Denayer
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - L-Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Y Saleh
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - V Riffault
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE - Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, 59000 Lille, France
| | - P Dubot
- MCMC - ICMPE UMR 7182, Rue H. Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - J-M Lo-Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - L Canivet
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
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34
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Ho CC, Tsai MH, Chen YC, Kuo CC, Lin P. Persistent elevation of blood pressure by ambient coarse particulate matter after recovery from pulmonary inflammation in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:814-824. [PMID: 30919559 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, we reported that exposure to fine and coarse PM caused pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary small arterial remodeling in mice, and osteopontin (OPN) level was elevated following PM exposure. However, in the present study, cotreatment with 5-methoxytryptophan for 4 weeks partially reduced coarse PM-induced pulmonary inflammation without reducing pulmonary OPN secretion or recovery from pulmonary arterial remodeling in mice. Persistent vascular dysfunction may lead to vascular remodeling. Therefore, we further compared the relationship between coarse PM-induced inflammation and vascular dysfunction by exposing mice to PM before and after cessation of PM exposure. Oropharyngeal aspiration of PM for 8 weeks induced pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary small artery remodeling in mice, as well as increased serum C-reactive protein and OPN concentrations and systolic blood pressure (SBP). After the cessation of PM exposure for another 8 weeks, lung inflammation had recovered and vascular remodeling had partially recovered. Elevation of OPN, metalloproteinases (MMPs), and cytokines in bronchioalveolar lavage were significantly reduced. However, PM-induced systemic responses did not recover after the cessation of PM exposure. Notably, not only serum OPN and SBP remained significantly elevated; also, serum endothelin-1, MMP-9, and keratinocyte-derived chemokine concentrations were significantly increased after cessation of PM exposure for another 8 weeks. These data suggested that systemic inflammation and systemic vascular dysfunction might be important in PM-induced elevation of SBP. Furthermore, SBP elevation was persistent after cessation of PM exposure for 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Ho
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350 Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350 Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350 Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 350 Taiwan
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35
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Jin X, Su H, Ding G, Sun Z, Li Z. Exposure to ambient fine particles causes abnormal energy metabolism and ATP decrease in lung tissues. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:29-38. [PMID: 30807911 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particles, generating from human activities, have drawn increasing attention due to their potential lung health hazards. The currently available toxicological data on fine particles is still not sufficient to explain their cause-and-effect. Based on well reported critical role of ATP on maintaining lung structure and function, the alterations of ATP production and energy metabolism in lungs of rats exposed to different dosages of seasonal PM2.5 were investigated. Haze dosage PM2.5 exposure was demonstrated to reduce the ATP production. Activity of critical enzymes in TCA cycle, such as malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and citrate synthase (CS), and expression of mitochondrial respiration chain genes were attenuated in groups exposed to haze dosage PM2.5. In contrast, there was prominent augment of glycolytic markers at haze dosage PM2.5, including metabolite contents (pyruvate and lactic acid), enzyme activities (hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PKM)), along with mRNA levels of PKM and LDH. Consequently, sub-chronic exposure to seasonal haze PM2.5 caused reduction in ATP generation and metabolic rewiring from TCA cycle to glycolysis. Our findings can help better understand the toxicological mechanism of lung disease caused by particulate air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huilan Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Guobin Ding
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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36
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Abbas I, Badran G, Verdin A, Ledoux F, Roumie M, Lo Guidice JM, Courcot D, Garçon G. In vitro evaluation of organic extractable matter from ambient PM 2.5 using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells: Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory response, genotoxicity, and cell cycle deregulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 171:510-522. [PMID: 30743243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A particular attention has been devoted to the type of toxicological responses induced by particulate matter (PM), since their knowledge is greatly complicated by the fact that it is a heterogeneous and often poorly described pollutant. However, despite intensive research effort, there is still a lack of knowledge about the specific chemical fraction of PM, which could be mainly responsible of its adverse health effects. We sought also to better investigate the toxicological effects of organic extractable matter (OEM) in normal human bronchial epithelial lung BEAS-2B cells. The wide variety of chemicals, including PAH and other related-chemicals, found in OEM, has been rather associated with early oxidative events, as supported by the early activation of the sensible NRF-2 signaling pathway. For the most harmful conditions, the activation of this signaling pathway could not totally counteract the ROS overproduction, thereby leading to critical oxidative damage to macromolecules (lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA adducts). While NRF-2 is an anti-inflammatory, OEM exposure did not trigger any significant change in the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and IFNγ). According to the high concentrations of PAH and other related organic chemicals found in this OEM, CYP1A1 and 1B1 genes exhibited high transcription levels in BEAS-2B cells, thereby supporting both the activation of the critical AhR signaling pathway and the formation of highly reactive ultimate metabolites. As a consequence, genotoxic events occurred in BEAS-2B cells exposed to this OEM together with cell survival events, with possible harmful cell cycle deregulation. However, more studies are required to implement these observations and to contribute to better decipher the critical role of the organic fraction of air pollution-derived PM2.5 in the activation of some sensitive signaling pathways closely associated with G1/S and intra-S checkpoint blockage, on the one hand, and cell survival, on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Abbas
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghidaa Badran
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon; Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France; CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV EA4492, FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Mohamed Roumie
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Lo Guidice
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Guillaume Garçon
- CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine (IMPECS), Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
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Goudarzi G, Shirmardi M, Naimabadi A, Ghadiri A, Sajedifar J. Chemical and organic characteristics of PM 2.5 particles and their in-vitro cytotoxic effects on lung cells: The Middle East dust storms in Ahvaz, Iran. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:434-445. [PMID: 30472645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There are very few reports about the effect of PM2.5 particles carried by the Middle East dust storms on lung cells. This study aimed to investigate the chemical properties and in-vitro cytotoxic effects of PM2.5 extracts. Water-soluble fraction and organic solvent-extractable components of the samples collected from the city of Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran, during the normal and dust storm days of the winter of 2016 were analyzed and then applied on the human lung epithelial cell line (A549). The chemical properties and the cytotoxicity were analyzed by ICP-OES and Lactase Dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, respectively. The results of the independent t-test showed significantly higher mean cytotoxicity in the samples of normal days than that of dust storm days. It could be due to the fact that the cells were exposed to the same amount of water-soluble extract, whether it be from a normal day or a dust storm day, and since the normal air of Ahvaz is severely affected by traffic and industrial pollutants, its normal day samples showed stronger cytotoxic effect. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that cytotoxic effect increased with the particulate concentration. The highest cytotoxicity levels observed at 62, 125, and 250 μg/mL concentrations after 24-h incubation were 17% (belonging to a dust storm day), 37% (belonging to a normal day), and 47% (belonging to a dust storm day), respectively Since PAH compounds were measured in the particulate phase, their amount was naturally correlated with the quantity of particulates. However, it was observed that the samples of normal days contained the species with stronger human carcinogens ΣPAHs = 0.82 ng/m3.The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between the incubation times regarding the resulted cytotoxicity levels. In general, as the incubation duration increased, so did the cytotoxicity level. Although normal day particulates had a greater cytotoxic effect on A549 cell line, dust storm days are associated with higher levels of health risk; simply because during dust storms, people inhale much larger amounts of particulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shirmardi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Environmental Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Naimabadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Ata Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Sajedifar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Morakinyo OM, Mokgobu MI, Mukhola MS, Godobedzha T. Biological Composition of Respirable Particulate Matter in an Industrial Vicinity in South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16040629. [PMID: 30795513 PMCID: PMC6406656 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern that exposure to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) with biological composition (bioaerosols) may play a key role in the prevalence of adverse health outcomes in humans. This study determined the bacterial and fungal concentrations in PM2.5 and their inhalation health risks in an industrial vicinity in South Africa. Samples of PM2.5 collected on a 47-mm glass fiber filter during winter and summer months were analysed for bacterial and fungal content using standard methods. The health risks from inhalation of bioaerosols were done by estimating the age-specific dose rate. The concentration of bacteria (168⁻378 CFU/m³) was higher than fungi (58⁻155 CFU/m³). Bacterial and fungal concentrations in PM2.5 were lower in winter than in the summer season. Bacteria identified in summer were similar to those identified in winter: Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Flavobacterium sp., Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Moreover, the fungal floras identified include Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp. Children inhaled a higher dose of bacterial and fungal aerosols than adults. Bacteria and fungi are part of the bioaerosol components of PM2.5. Bioaerosol exposure may present additional health risks for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyewale Mayowa Morakinyo
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria.
| | - Matlou Ingrid Mokgobu
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Murembiwa Stanley Mukhola
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Tshifhiwa Godobedzha
- Air Quality Management, Environment and Agriculture Management Department, City of Tshwane Municipality Private Bag 440, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
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Bonetta S, Bonetta S, Schilirò T, Ceretti E, Feretti D, Covolo L, Vannini S, Villarini M, Moretti M, Verani M, Carducci A, Bagordo F, De Donno A, Bonizzoni S, Bonetti A, Pignata C, Carraro E, Gelatti U. Mutagenic and genotoxic effects induced by PM 0.5 of different Italian towns in human cells and bacteria: The MAPEC_LIFE study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:1124-1135. [PMID: 30682747 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is considered an atmospheric pollutant that mostly affects human health. The finest fractions of PM (PM2.5 or less) play a major role in causing chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of PM0.5 collected in five Italian towns using different bioassays. The role of chemical composition on the genotoxicity induced was also evaluated. The present study was included in the multicentre MAPEC_LIFE project, which aimed to evaluate the associations between air pollution exposure and early biological effects in Italian children. PM10 samples were collected in 2 seasons (winter and spring) using a high-volume multistage cascade impactor. The results showed that PM0.5 represents a very high proportion of PM10 (range 10-63%). PM0.5 organic extracts were chemically analysed (PAHs, nitro-PAHs) and tested by the comet assay (A549 and BEAS-2B cells), MN test (A549 cells) and Ames test on Salmonella strains (TA100, TA98, TA98NR and YG1021). The highest concentrations of PAHs and nitro-PAHs in PM0.5 were observed in the Torino, Brescia and Pisa samples in winter. The Ames test showed low mutagenic activity. The highest net revertants/m3 were observed in the Torino and Brescia samples (winter), and the mutagenic effect was associated with PM0.5 (p < 0.01), PAH and nitro-PAH (p < 0.05) concentrations. The YG1021 strain showed the highest sensitivity to PM0.5 samples. No genotoxic effect of PM0.5 extracts was observed using A549 cells except for some samples in winter (comet assay), while BEAS-2B cells showed light DNA damage in the Torino, Brescia and Pisa samples in winter, highlighting the higher sensitivity of BEAS-2B cells, which was consistent with the Ames test (p < 0.01). The results obtained showed that it is important to further investigate the finest fractions of PM, which represent a relevant percentage of PM10, taking into account the chemical composition and the biological effects induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 94 Piazza Polonia, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 94 Piazza Polonia, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 94 Piazza Polonia, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Ceretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Loredana Covolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Samuele Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Milena Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Marco Verani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 35/39 Via S. Zeno, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Annalaura Carducci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 35/39 Via S. Zeno, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bagordo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, 165 Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Antonella De Donno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, 165 Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Alberto Bonetti
- Centro Servizi Multisettoriale e Tecnologico - CSMT Gestione S.c.a.r.l., 45 Via Branze, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Pignata
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 94 Piazza Polonia, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Carraro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 94 Piazza Polonia, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Umberto Gelatti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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Chen T, Jin H, Wang H, Yao Y, Aniagu S, Tong J, Jiang Y. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates the cardiac developmental toxicity of EOM from PM 2.5 in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:372-378. [PMID: 30384306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been found to be associated with congenital heart defects, but the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Our previous study revealed that extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM2.5 exerted cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. The aim of the current study is to explore the effects of EOM on cardiac differentiation of P19 mouse embryonic carcinoma stem cells. We found that EOM at 10 μg/ml (a non-cytotoxic dose level) significantly reduced the proportion of cardiac muscle troponin (cTnT) positive cells and the percentage of spontaneously beating embryoid bodies, indicating a severe inhibition of cardiac differentiation. Immunofluorescence and qPCR data demonstrated that EOM increased the expression levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its target gene Cyp1A1 and diminished the expression level of β-catenin. Furthermore, EOM treatment significantly upregulated cell proliferation rate and elevated the percentage of γH2A.X positive cells without affecting apoptosis. It is worth noting that the EOM-induced changes in gene expression, cellular proliferation and DNA double strain breaks were attenuated by the AhR antagonist CH223191. In conclusion, our data indicate that AhR mediates the inhibitory effects of EOM (from PM2.5) on the cardiac differentiation of P19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Jin
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yugang Yao
- Suzhou Environmental Monitor Center, Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Combined Pollution Monitoring, Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Tong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Marchetti S, Longhin E, Bengalli R, Avino P, Stabile L, Buonanno G, Colombo A, Camatini M, Mantecca P. In vitro lung toxicity of indoor PM10 from a stove fueled with different biomasses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:1422-1433. [PMID: 30308911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomass combustion significantly contributes to indoor and outdoor air pollution and to the adverse health effects observed in the exposed populations. Besides, the contribution to toxicity of the particles derived from combustion of different biomass sources (pellet, wood, charcoal), as well as their biological mode of action, are still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigate the toxicological properties of PM10 particles emitted indoor from a stove fueled with different biomasses. PM10 was sampled by gravimetric methods and particles were chemically analyzed for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elemental content. Human lung A549 cells were exposed for 24 h to 1-10 μg/cm2 PM and different biological endpoints were evaluated to comparatively estimate the cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of the different PMs. Pellet PM decreased cell viability, inducing necrosis, while charcoal and wood ones mainly induced apoptosis. Oxidative stress-related response and cytochrome P450 enzymes activation were observed after exposure to all the biomasses tested. Furthermore, after pellet exposure, DNA lesions and cell cycle arrest were also observed. The severe genotoxic and pro-necrotic effects observed after pellet exposure were likely the consequence of the high metal content. By administering the chelating agent TPEN, the genotoxic effects were indeed rescued. The higher content in PAHs measured in wood and charcoal PMs was likely the reason of the enhanced expression of metabolizing and oxidative stress-related enzymes, like CYP1B1 and HO-1, and the consequent increase in apoptotic cell death. These data suggest that combustion particles from different biomass sources may impact on lung cells according to different pathways, finally producing different toxicities. This is strictly related to the PM chemical composition, which reflects the quality of the combustion and the fuel in particular. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of particle dimension and the molecular mechanisms behind the harmful effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marchetti
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Longhin
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Bengalli
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Avino
- DiAAA, University of Molise, via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Luca Stabile
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy; University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 38, 80133 Napoli, Italy; Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
| | - Anita Colombo
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marina Camatini
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Paride Mantecca
- POLARIS Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
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Roper C, Delgado LS, Barrett D, Massey Simonich SL, Tanguay RL. PM 2.5 Filter Extraction Methods: Implications for Chemical and Toxicological Analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:434-442. [PMID: 30507171 PMCID: PMC6652177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Toxicology research into the global public health burden of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposures frequently requires extraction of PM2.5 from filters. A standardized method for these extractions does not exist, leading to inaccurate interlaboratory comparisons. It is largely unknown how different filter extraction methods might impact the composition and bioactivity of the resulting samples. We characterized the variation in these metrics by using equal portions of a single PM2.5 filter, with each portion undergoing a different extraction method. Significant differences were observed between extraction methods for concentrations of elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for the PM2.5 tested following its preparation for biological response studies. Importantly, the chemical profiles differed from those observed when we used standard protocols for chemical characterization of the ambient sample, demonstrating that extraction can alter both chemical component amounts and species profiles of the extracts. The impact of these chemical differences on sensitive end points of zebrafish development was investigated. Significant differences in the percent incidence and timing of mortality were associated with the PM2.5 extraction method. This research highlights the importance of and rationale for considering the extraction method when interlaboratory comparisons of PM2.5 toxicology research are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Roper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Lisandra Santiago Delgado
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Damien Barrett
- Department of Microbiology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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43
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Leclercq B, Kluza J, Antherieu S, Sotty J, Alleman LY, Perdrix E, Loyens A, Coddeville P, Lo Guidice JM, Marchetti P, Garçon G. Air pollution-derived PM 2.5 impairs mitochondrial function in healthy and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseased human bronchial epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:1434-1449. [PMID: 30278417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to clarify whether the mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the cell homeostasis maintenance after particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, oxidative, inflammatory, apoptotic and mitochondrial endpoints were carefully studied in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B, normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-diseased human bronchial epithelial (DHBE) cells acutely or repeatedly exposed to air pollution-derived PM2.5. Some modifications of the mitochondrial morphology were observed within all these cell models repeatedly exposed to the highest dose of PM2.5. Dose- and exposure-dependent oxidative damages were reported in BEAS-2B, NHBE and particularly COPD-DHBE cells acutely or repeatedly exposed to PM2.5. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-p45 related factor 2 (NRF2) gene expression and binding activity, together with the mRNA levels of some NRF2 target genes, were directly related to the number of exposures for the lowest PM2.5 dose (i.e., 2 μg/cm2), but, surprisingly, inversely related to the number of exposures for the highest dose (i.e., 10 μg/cm2). There were dose- and exposure-dependent increases of both nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) binding activity and NF-κB target cytokine secretion in BEAS-2B, NHBE and particularly COPD-DHBE cells exposed to PM2.5. Mitochondrial ROS production, membrane potential depolarization, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production were significantly altered in all the cell models repeatedly exposed to the highest dose of PM2.5. Collectively, our results indicate a cytosolic ROS overproduction, inducing oxidative damage and activating oxygen sensitive NRF2 and NF-kB signaling pathways for all the cell models acutely or repeatedly exposed to PM2.5. However, one of the important highlight of our findings is that the prolonged and repeated exposure in BEAS-2B, NHBE and in particular sensible COPD-DHBE cells further caused an oxidative boost able to partially inactivate the NRF2 signaling pathway and to critically impair mitochondrial redox homeostasis, thereby producing a persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and a lowering cell energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France; IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - J Kluza
- Univ. Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France
| | - S Antherieu
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - J Sotty
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - L Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - A Loyens
- Inserm, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France
| | - P Coddeville
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - P Marchetti
- Univ. Lille, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Lille, France
| | - G Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France.
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Raudoniute J, Stasiulaitiene I, Kulvinskiene I, Bagdonas E, Garbaras A, Krugly E, Martuzevicius D, Bironaite D, Aldonyte R. Pro-inflammatory effects of extracted urban fine particulate matter on human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32277-32291. [PMID: 30225694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) constitutes the major part of urban air pollution and is a heterogeneous mixture of solid and liquid particles of different origin, size, and chemistry. Human exposure to PM in urban areas poses considerable and significant adverse effects on the respiratory system and human health in general. Major contributors to PM content are combustion-related sources such as diesel vehicles, household, and industrial heating. PM is composed of thousands of different high molecular weight organic compounds, including poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The aim of this study was to clarify the cytotoxic effects of the extract of actual urban PM1 with high benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) content collected in Eastern European mid-sized city during winter heating season on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Decreased cell viability, alteration of cell layer integrity, increased apoptosis, and oxidative stress were observed during the 3-day exposure to the PM extract. In addition, following PM exposure pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was upregulated at gene and protein levels. Morphology and motility changes, i.e., decreased cells' ability to cover scratch area, were also documented. We report here that the extract of urban PM1 may induce bronchial epithelium changes and render it pro-inflammatory and compromised within 3 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovile Raudoniute
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Stasiulaitiene
- Department of Environmental Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50264, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Kulvinskiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edvardas Bagdonas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Krugly
- Department of Environmental Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50264, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dainius Martuzevicius
- Department of Environmental Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50264, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bironaite
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ruta Aldonyte
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu 5, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Zhang HH, Li Z, Liu Y, Xinag P, Cui XY, Ye H, Hu BL, Lou LP. Physical and chemical characteristics of PM 2.5 and its toxicity to human bronchial cells BEAS-2B in the winter and summer. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:317-326. [PMID: 29616507 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing occurrence of haze during the summer, the physicochemical characteristics and toxicity differences in PM2.5 in different seasons are of great concern. Hangzhou is located in an area that has a subtropical monsoon climate where the humidity is very high during both the summer and winter. However, there are limited studies on the seasonal differences in PM2.5 in these weather conditions. In this test, PM2.5 samples were collected in the winter and summer, the morphology and chemical composition of PM2.5 were analyzed, the toxicity of PM2.5 to human bronchial cells BEAS-2B was compared, and the correlation between PM2.5 toxicity and the chemical composition was discussed. The results showed that during both the winter and summer, the main compounds in the PM2.5 samples were water-soluble ions, particularly SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+, followed by organic components, while heavy metals were present at lower levels. The higher the mass concentration of PM2.5, the greater its impact on cell viability and ROS levels. However, when the mass concentration of PM2.5 was similar, the water extraction from the summer samples showed a greater impact on BEAS-2B than that from the winter samples. The cytotoxicity of PM2.5 was closely associated with heavy metals and organic pollutants but less related to water-soluble ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ping Xinag
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xin-Yi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Bao-Lan Hu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Research Center of Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li-Ping Lou
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Research Center of Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Longhin E, Holme JA, Gualtieri M, Camatini M, Øvrevik J. Milan winter fine particulate matter (wPM2.5) induces IL-6 and IL-8 synthesis in human bronchial BEAS-2B cells, but specifically impairs IL-8 release. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 52:365-373. [PMID: 30048734 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses have an important role in the onset of many lung diseases associated with urban airborne particulate matter (PM). Here we investigate effects and mechanisms linked to PM-induced expression and release of two main interleukins, IL-6 and IL-8, in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The cells were exposed to well characterized Milan city PM, winter PM2.5 (wPM2.5) and summer PM10 (sPM10), representing combustion and non-combustion sources, respectively. Both wPM2.5 and sPM10 increased mRNA-synthesis and intracellular protein levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Exposure to sPM10 also resulted in continuous and time-dependent increases in release of IL-6 and IL-8 for up to 48 h. By comparison, in wPM2.5-exposed cells IL-8 release was not significantly augmented, while extracellular IL-6 levels were increased but remained constant beyond 24 h exposure. Moreover, wPM2.5 also reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-increased release of IL-8. No cytotoxicity or significant adsorption of cytokines to wPM2.5 were observed. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed an accumulation of IL-8 in intracellular vesicles and alterations in actin filament organization in wPM2.5 exposed cells, suggesting that the trafficking of vesicles carrying interleukins to the plasma membrane might be inhibited. Thus, wPM2.5 appeared to impair cytokine release in BEAS-2B cells, in particular of IL-8, possibly by damaging cytoskeletal function involved in protein secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Longhin
- Polaris Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milan 20126, Italy.
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo N-0403, Norway
| | - Maurizio Gualtieri
- Polaris Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Marina Camatini
- Polaris Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo N-0403, Norway
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Cho CC, Hsieh WY, Tsai CH, Chen CY, Chang HF, Lin CS. In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Studies of PM 2.5 on Disease Progression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1380. [PMID: 29966381 PMCID: PMC6068560 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a very critical issue worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Particulate matter (PM) is a type of air pollution that comprises a heterogeneous mixture of different particle sizes and chemical compositions. There are various sources of fine PM (PM2.5), and the components may also have different effects on people. The pathogenesis of PM2.5 in several diseases remains to be clarified. There is a long history of epidemiological research on PM2.5 in several diseases. Numerous studies show that PM2.5 can induce a variety of chronic diseases, such as respiratory system damage, cardiovascular dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus. However, the epidemiological evidence associated with potential mechanisms in the progression of diseases need to be proved precisely through in vitro and in vivo investigations. Suggested mechanisms of PM2.5 that lead to adverse effects and chronic diseases include increasing oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and genotoxicity. The aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies of PM2.5 in the progression of various diseases from the last decade. The summarized research results could provide clear information about the mechanisms and progression of PM2.5-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chang Cho
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Yeh Hsieh
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, 690 Section 2, Guangfu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Hung Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, 699 Section 8, Taiwan Blvd., Taichung 435, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, 690 Section 2, Guangfu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Fang Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, 690 Section 2, Guangfu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Sheng Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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48
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Fanizza C, De Berardis B, Ietto F, Soggiu ME, Schirò R, Inglessis M, Ferdinandi M, Incoronato F. Analysis of major pollutants and physico-chemical characteristics of PM2.5 at an urban site in Rome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:1457-1468. [PMID: 29074245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Air quality data from a one year study at an urban roadside location in Rome are reported for major pollutants. Continuous concentration data of carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, aromatic hydrocarbons and natural radioactivity were measured in the urban air of Rome from January 2016 to January 2017. Moreover, PM2.5 mass concentration and physico-chemical characteristics of single constituent particles are herein reported. Gaseous pollutants, except ozone, and PM2.5 showed maximum concentrations in December due to high atmospheric stability. O3 and NO2 trend analysis showed photochemical smog episodes in June and September. In September, during a photochemical smog episode the aromatic hydrocarbons contribution to ozone formation was experimentally proven. Pearson's coefficient among aromatic hydrocarbons and the ratio Toluene/Benzene (T/B) showed that pollutants were under the influence of vehicular traffic. Physico-chemical characterization of PM2.5 single particles, carried out by field emission scanning electron microscope combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, displayed the presence of particle diversity from natural and anthropogenic origin. Four principal components in the PM2.5 were identified: carbonaceous particles, Ca-sulphates, soil dust and building structure particles, metal particles. The principal source of carbonaceous particles in this urban area consists of the motor vehicle exhausts and the heating systems in winter. Traces of S and sometimes S, Na, K were detected on varying percentages of carbonaceous particles. These data suggested that the carbonaceous particles act as vehicles for strong acids, prevalently H2SO4 and alkaline metal sulphates. A Saharan dust contribution to PM2.5 was found in different periods. Metal particles included iron oxide particles, metals oxide particles and Fe-rich metal compounds. The identification of chemical composition of individual particles provide useful information to determine their origin and formation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fanizza
- INAIL, DITSIPIA - Via R. Ferruzzi 38-40, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara De Berardis
- Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Centre of Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ietto
- INAIL, DITSIPIA - Via R. Ferruzzi 38-40, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Eleonora Soggiu
- Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Department of Environmental and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Schirò
- INAIL, DITSIPIA - Via R. Ferruzzi 38-40, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Inglessis
- Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Department of Environmental and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Ferdinandi
- Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Department of Environmental and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Leclercq B, Platel A, Antherieu S, Alleman LY, Hardy EM, Perdrix E, Grova N, Riffault V, Appenzeller BM, Happillon M, Nesslany F, Coddeville P, Lo-Guidice JM, Garçon G. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in normal and sensitive COPD-diseased human bronchial epithelial cells repeatedly exposed to air pollution-derived PM 2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:163-177. [PMID: 28651088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Even though clinical, epidemiological and toxicological studies have progressively provided a better knowledge of the underlying mechanisms by which air pollution-derived particulate matter (PM) exerts its harmful health effects, further in vitro studies on relevant cell systems are still needed. Hence, aiming of getting closer to the human in vivo conditions, primary human bronchial epithelial cells derived from normal subjects (NHBE) or sensitive chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-diseased patients (DHBE) were differentiated at the air-liquid interface. Thereafter, they were repeatedly exposed to air pollution-derived PM2.5 to study the occurrence of some relevant genetic and/or epigenetic endpoints. Concentration-, exposure- and season-dependent increases of OH-B[a]P metabolites in NHBE, and to a lesser extent, COPD-DHBE cells were reported; however, there were more tetra-OH-B[a]P and 8-OHdG DNA adducts in COPD-DHBE cells. No increase in primary DNA strand break nor chromosomal aberration was observed in repeatedly exposed cells. Telomere length and telomerase activity were modified in a concentration- and exposure-dependent manner in NHBE and particularly COPD-DHBE cells. There were a global DNA hypomethylation, a P16 gene promoter hypermethylation, and a decreasing DNA methyltransferase activity in NHBE and notably COPD-DHBE cells repeatedly exposed. Changes in site-specific methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation of histone H3 (i.e., H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, and H3S10ph) and related enzyme activities occurred in a concentration- and exposure-dependent manner in all the repeatedly exposed cells. Collectively, these results highlighted the key role played by genetic and even epigenetic events in NHBE and particularly sensitive COPD-DHBE cells repeatedly exposed to air pollution-derived PM2.5 and their different responsiveness. While these specific epigenetic changes have been already described in COPD and even lung cancer phenotypes, our findings supported that, together with genetic events, these epigenetic events could dramatically contribute to the shift from healthy to diseased phenotypes following repeated exposure to relatively low doses of air pollution-derived PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France; IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A Platel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - S Antherieu
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - L Y Alleman
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - E M Hardy
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - E Perdrix
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - N Grova
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - V Riffault
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - B M Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - M Happillon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - F Nesslany
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - P Coddeville
- IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Lille, SAGE-Département Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lo-Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France
| | - G Garçon
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA4483 IMPECS-IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, France.
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50
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Autophagy inhibitors suppress environmental particulate matter-induced airway inflammation. Toxicol Lett 2017; 280:206-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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