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Robinson DM, Edwards KL, Willoughby MT, Hamilton KR, Blair CB, Granger DA, Thomas EA. Increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents with high salivary levels of copper, manganese, and zinc. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:3091-3099. [PMID: 38353679 PMCID: PMC11424719 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic heavy metals has been associated with the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, fewer studies have examined the associations between abnormal levels of essential trace metals and ADHD, and none have done so using saliva. We investigated whether salivary metals were associated with ADHD in adolescents aged 12 from the Family Life Project (FLP) using a nested case-control study design that included 110 adolescents who met diagnostic criteria for inattentive (ADHD-I), hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-H), or combined type ADHD (ADHD-C) (cases) and 173 children who did not (controls). We used inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometry to measure chromium, copper, manganese, and zinc in saliva samples. We employed logistic regression models to examine associations between quartile levels of individual metals and ADHD outcomes by subtype. Salivary copper levels were significantly associated with increased odds of any ADHD diagnosis (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.08-10.12; p = 0.04) and with increased odds of ADHD-C diagnosis (OR = 8.44, 95% CI: 1.58-45.12; p = 0.01). Salivary zinc levels were significantly associated with increased odds of ADHD-C diagnosis (OR = 4.06, 95% CI: 1.21-13.69; p = 0.02). Salivary manganese levels were also significantly associated with increased odds of ADHD-C diagnosis (OR = 5.43, 95% CI: 1.08-27.27, p = 0.04). This is the first study using saliva to assess metal exposure and provide a potential link between salivary levels of copper, manganese, and zinc and ADHD diagnoses in adolescents. Public health interventions focused on metal exposures might reduce ADHD incidence in low-income, minority communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D'Artagnan M Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Karen L Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Katrina R Hamilton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, John Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Clancy B Blair
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas A Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Thomas
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Gasull M, Camargo J, Pumarega J, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Campi L, Zumbado M, Contreras-Llanes M, Oliveras L, González-Marín P, Luzardo OP, Gómez-Gutiérrez A, Alguacil J, Porta M. Blood concentrations of metals, essential trace elements, rare earth elements and other chemicals in the general adult population of Barcelona: Distribution and associated sociodemographic factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168502. [PMID: 37977377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very little information is available on the population distribution and on sociodemographic predictors of body concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) and other chemicals used in the manufacturing of high-tech devices. OBJECTIVES To analyze the distribution and associated sociodemographic factors of blood concentrations of chemical elements (including some metals, essential trace elements, rare earth elements and other minority elements) in a representative sample of the general population of Barcelona (Spain). METHODS A sample of participants in the Barcelona Health Survey of 2016 (N = 240) were interviewed face-to-face, gave blood, and underwent a physical exam. Concentrations of 50 chemical elements were analyzed by ICP-MS in whole blood samples. RESULTS All 50 chemicals studied, including 26 REE and minority elements, were detected. Lead, silver, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, antimony, strontium, thallium and six essential trace elements were detected in more than 70% of the population. The most frequently detected REE and minority elements were europium (62%), thulium (56%), gold (41%), indium (31%), ruthenium (24%), and tantalum (20%). Less affluent occupational social classes had higher percentages of detection of some REE. Median concentrations of silver, arsenic, cadmium and mercury were: 0.091, 3.01, 0.309, and 3.33 ng/mL, respectively. Women had lower median concentrations than men of lead (1.47 vs. 2.04 μg/dL, respectively), iron and zinc, and higher concentrations of copper and manganese. The influence of sociodemographic characteristics on chemical concentrations differed by sex. CONCLUSIONS While well-known contaminants as lead, mercury, cadmium, or arsenic were detected in the majority of the population, numerous individuals had also detectable concentrations of chemicals as europium, indium, thulium, or gold. Sociodemographic and physical characteristics (sex, age, social class, weight change) influenced concentrations of some chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gasull
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Judit Camargo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; CIBER de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Campi
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; CIBER de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Contreras-Llanes
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Laura Oliveras
- Qualitat i Intervenció Ambiental, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia González-Marín
- Qualitat i Intervenció Ambiental, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Octavio P Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; CIBER de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Gómez-Gutiérrez
- Qualitat i Intervenció Ambiental, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Seo YS, Park JM, Kim JH, Lee MY. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation: A Concise Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1732. [PMID: 37760035 PMCID: PMC10525535 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for numerous disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory conditions, and various forms of cancer. While the exact pathogenic mechanisms continue to be explored, the induction of oxidative stress via the production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely accepted as a primary molecular event that predisposes individuals to these smoking-related ailments. This review focused on how cigarette smoke (CS) promotes ROS formation rather than the pathophysiological repercussions of ROS and oxidative stress. A comprehensive analysis of existing studies revealed the following key ways through which CS imposes ROS burden on biological systems: (1) ROS, as well as radicals, are intrinsically present in CS, (2) CS constituents generate ROS through chemical reactions with biomolecules, (3) CS stimulates cellular ROS sources to enhance production, and (4) CS disrupts the antioxidant system, aggravating the ROS generation and its functions. While the evidence supporting these mechanisms is chiefly based on in vitro and animal studies, the direct clinical relevance remains to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, this understanding is fundamental for deciphering molecular events leading to oxidative stress and for developing intervention strategies to counter CS-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.S.); (J.-M.P.); (J.-H.K.)
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Chauhan BG, Chokhandre PK, Kulaste BS, Sivanandan V. Burden of Anaemia, Hypertension and Diabetes among pregnant women in India. J Biosoc Sci 2023; 55:931-946. [PMID: 36621863 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932022000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable Diseases such as anaemia, hypertension and diabetes and their treatment may upsurge the risk of childbirth-related complications for both women and their babies. The present study is an attempt to assess the level and determinants of Anaemia, Hypertension and Diabetes among pregnant women using the fourth round of National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16) data. Bivariate and logistic regression techniques have been used for data analysis. Study findings suggest that the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was found to be 25.9%, whereas the corresponding figure for hypertension and diabetes were 4.4% and 2.4%, respectively. Further, substantial socio-economic differentials have been observed in the prevalence of Anaemia, Hypertension and Diabetes among pregnant women. Results of regression analysis suggest that anaemia and hypertension were significantly higher among women in their third trimester [(OR = 2.10; p < 0.001) and (OR = 1.63; p < 0.001)], respectively, compared to women in the first trimester. Similarly, pregnant women in the age group 35-49 were at an elevated risk of hypertension (OR = 2.78; p < 0.001)) and diabetes (OR = 2.50; p < 0.001)) compared to women aged 15-24. Further, the risk of anaemia was found to be significantly lower among pregnant women from the richest quintile (OR = 0.71; p < 0.001) and women with higher educational level (OR = 0.72; p < 0.001) when compared to women from the poorest wealth quintile and women with no formal education respectively. Similarly, pregnant women from the richest quintile (OR = 1.68; p < 0.001) and women from other religion (OR = 1.75; p < 0.001) are significantly more likely to develop diabetes compared to women from the poorest quintile and women from the Hindu religion, respectively. In conclusion, early screening for predicting the risk of gestational anaemia, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension is critical in minimizing maternal and reproductive outcomes. The existing guidelines for Screening and Management of Gestational Diabetes, Gestational Hypertension need to be contextualized and modified according to a local need for effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bal Govind Chauhan
- Assistant Professor, Population Research Centre, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune, Maharashtra, India-411004
| | - Praveen K Chokhandre
- Assistant Professor, Population Research Centre, JSS Institute of Economic Research, Dharwad, Karnataka580004
| | - Baldev Singh Kulaste
- Office Superintendent, Population Research Centre, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune, Maharashtra, India-411004
| | - Vini Sivanandan
- Assistant Professor, Population Research Centre, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune, Maharashtra, India-411004
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5
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Chauhan P, Reddy SS, Chokkanna VK, Singh P, Majumdar K. Oxidant and antioxidant status among tobacco users: A cross-sectional study. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2023; 14:444-449. [PMID: 38273908 PMCID: PMC10806319 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_517_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Smokeless and smoking tobacco use results in increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, which play a major role in the causation of cancer in tobacco habituates. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product of lipid peroxidation, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the main enzymes in the antioxidant defense system, are assessed among tobacco users. This study gave insight into the relationship between tobacco use, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Aims and Objectives This study aimed to estimate the levels of lipid peroxidation product MDA and antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx among tobacco users and compare them with controls. Method A case-control study comprising 30 smokeless tobacco users, 30 smokers, and 30 controls was enrolled for the study. Serum MDA was assayed by the thiobarbituric acid method; serum SOD and GPx were assayed using Ransel antioxidant kits. The results were statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results Serum MDA levels, which indicate oxidative stress, were increased among all tobacco users and significantly increased among smokeless tobacco users as compared to smokers. Serum SOD and GPx levels were decreased among both forms of tobacco users compared with controls. With an increase in duration and frequency of tobacco use, there was a significant increase in serum MDA levels among both smokers and chewers and a decrease in serum SOD and GPx levels. Conclusion In the present day, the tobacco epidemic has attained enormous proportions with the tobacco habit starting as early as 13-14 years and leading to serious conditions with high morbidity and mortality. These biochemical parameters such as MDA, SOD, and GPx, which act as marker of oxidant and antioxidant system, can constitute important tools for evidence-based medicine for educating patients and motivating interventions in tobacco cessation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chauhan
- Oral Medicine and Radiologist, Private Practitioner, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujatha S. Reddy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudha K. Chokkanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Ramaiah International Medical School, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Kuhu Majumdar
- Asia Pacific Carestream Dental, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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6
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Munther S, Awn BH, Yassin HN. The Impact of Passive Smoking on Salivary Glutathione Peroxidase and Selenium in Relation to Dental Caries Severity among Five Years Old Children. Indian J Dent Res 2023; 34:270-273. [PMID: 38197345 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_969_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It had been found that passive smoking may have the same harmful effect as tobacco cigarettes smoking. Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effect of passive smoking on salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium in relation to dental caries severity. Settings and Design The sample consisted of 120 children aged 5 years old, classified into four groups according to the number of cigarettes smoked by their fathers daily: Passive smoking children of 5-10 cigarettes, those of 10-15 cigarettes daily, those of 15-20 cigarettes daily and non-passive smoking children of no smokers indoor (the control group). The sample was further classified according to dental caries severity into three groups: mild (DMFS values <4), moderate (DMFS values from 4 to 8) and severe (DMFS values >8). Methods and Material Stimulated saliva was collected, and salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium were chemically analysed. Results and Conclusions Glutathione peroxidase and selenium were higher among non-passive smoking children than passive smoking children and they were higher among children with mild caries severity than in children with moderate or severe caries severity (p < 0.01). Passive smoking had significant effect in both salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium (p < 0.01), while dental caries had non-significant effect on them (p > 0.05). In conclusion, passive smoking had deleterious effect in salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium, while dental caries did not have effect on these two variables. There is no interaction between both passive smoking and dental caries in neither glutathione peroxidase nor selenium, so the effect of passive smoking on these two variables can exceed the effect of dental caries on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahba'a Munther
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Baydaa Hussain Awn
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hiba N Yassin
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq
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Folorunso OM, Bocca B, Ruggieri F, Frazzoli C, Chijioke-Nwauche I, Orisakwe OE. Heavy metals and inflammatory, oxidative/antioxidant and DNA damage biomarkers among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Niger Delta, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:295-313. [PMID: 36876887 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2185004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the association of heavy metals (HMs) and effect biomarkers (inflammation, oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity and DNA damage) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PHWHA) in Niger Delta area, Nigeria. Blood levels of lead (BPb), cadmium (BCd), copper (BCu), zinc (BZn), iron (BFe), C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were determined in a total of 185 participants, 104 HIV-positive and 81 HIV-negative sampled in both Niger Delta and non-Niger Delta regions. BCd (p < 0.001) and BPb (p = 0.139) were higher in HIV-positive subjects compared to HIV-negative controls; on the contrary, BCu, BZn and BFe levels were lower (p < 0.001) in HIV-positive subjects compared to HIV-negative controls. The Niger Delta population had higher levels of heavy metals (p < 0.01) compared to non-Niger Delta residents. CRP and 8-OHdG were higher (p < 0.001) in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative subjects and in Niger-Delta than in non-Niger Delta residents. BCu had significant positive dose-response relationship with CRP (61.9%, p = 0.063) and GSH (1.64%, p = 0.035) levels in HIV-positive subjects, and negative response with MDA levels (26.6%, p < 0.001). Periodic assessment of HMs levels among PLWHA is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi M Folorunso
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Ruggieri
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Frazzoli
- Department for Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseas, and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ifeyinwa Chijioke-Nwauche
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, de Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst K, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Peláez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Aggett P, Crous Bou M, Cubadda F, Ciccolallo L, de Sesmaisons Lecarré A, Fabiani L, Titz A, Naska A. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium. EFSA J 2023; 21:e07704. [PMID: 36698500 PMCID: PMC9854220 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for selenium. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted to identify evidence regarding excess selenium intake and clinical effects and potential biomarkers of effect, risk of chronic diseases and impaired neuropsychological development in humans. Alopecia, as an early observable feature and a well-established adverse effect of excess selenium exposure, is selected as the critical endpoint on which to base a UL for selenium. A lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) of 330 μg/day is identified from a large randomised controlled trial in humans (the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)), to which an uncertainty factor of 1.3 is applied. A UL of 255 μg/day is established for adult men and women (including pregnant and lactating women). ULs for children are derived from the UL for adults using allometric scaling (body weight0.75). Based on available intake data, adult consumers are unlikely to exceed the UL, except for regular users of food supplements containing high daily doses of selenium or regular consumers of Brazil nuts. No risk has been reported with the current levels of selenium intake in European countries from food (excluding food supplements) in toddlers and children, and selenium intake arising from the natural content of foods does not raise reasons for concern. Selenium-containing supplements in toddlers and children should be used with caution, based on individual needs.
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Dietary Antioxidants and Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers and Non-Smokers. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122501. [PMID: 36554027 PMCID: PMC9778085 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is considered a major risk factor in the development of lung diseases worldwide. Active smoking and secondhand (passive) smoke (SHS) are related to lung cancer (LC) risk. Oxidative stress (OS) and/or lipid peroxidation (LP) induced by cigarette smoke (CS) are found to be involved in the pathogenesis of LC. Meta-analyses and other case-control/prospective cohort studies are inconclusive and have yielded inconsistent results concerning the protective role of dietary vitamins C and E, retinol, and iron intake against LC risk in smokers and/or non-smokers. Furthermore, the role of vitamins and minerals as antioxidants with the potential in protecting LC cells against CS-induced OS in smokers and non-smokers has not been fully elucidated. Thus, this review aims to summarize the available evidence reporting the relationships between dietary antioxidant intake and LC risk in smokers and non-smokers that may be used to provide suggestions for future research.
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Jain RB, Ducatman A. Associations of serum perfluoroalkyl substances with concentrations of blood manganese and selenium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90098-90107. [PMID: 35864399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of blood manganese and selenium with serum concentrations of selected perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The presence or absence of this association is important because PFAS have documented pro-oxidant properties, whereas manganese and selenium are critical to antioxidant responses. For this purpose, the data from NHANES for US adults aged ≥ 20 years (N = 3982), adolescents aged 12-19 years (N = 1524), and children aged 3-11 years (N = 639) were analyzed. Among adults, concentrations of blood manganese were found to be inversely associated with serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid or PFOA (β = - 0.04204, p < 0.01), perfluorononanoic acid or PFNA (β = - 0.02700, p < 0.01), perfluorohexane sulfonate or PFHxS (β = - 0.04306, p < 0.01), and perfluorooctane sulfonate or PFOS (β = - 0.04494, p < 0.01). Blood concentrations of selenium were found to be positively associated with PFHxS only among adults (β = 0.000678, p = 0.047) and adolescents (β = 0.01377, p = 0.02). The Mn results but not the less consistent Se associations were robust to adjustments for serum albumin. Possible reasons for the inverse association of PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA, and PFOS with Mn among US adults are discussed. The finding raises concerns about manganese's diminished ability to mount antioxidant responses to PFAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Ducatman
- West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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11
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Association of Zn and Cu Levels in Cord Blood and Maternal Milk with Pregnancy Outcomes among the Slovenian Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214667. [DOI: 10.3390/nu14214667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace elements, including zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), are known to play important roles in human health. The present study aimed to assess the levels of Zn and Cu in cord blood and maternal milk and to analyze their association with maternal and infant characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in a Slovenian study population of mothers and their neonates recruited within the PHIME prospective cohort study. The study included 324 mothers, but the data on Zn and Cu levels in both cord blood and maternal milk was available for 243 mothers. Questionnaires were used to assess the socio-demographic and health status of the mothers, their lifestyle habits (including detailed nutritional habits), and their residential and occupational histories. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure Zn and Cu levels in cord blood and maternal milk. Low Zn levels in cord blood were associated with lower gestational age and birth weight and were correlated with an increased probability of the birth of small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Maternal smoking influenced the Cu levels in both cord blood and maternal milk. Cord blood Cu levels were higher and Cu levels in maternal milk were lower in smoking compared to non-smoking mothers. Most importantly, a decreased Zn/Cu ratio in cord blood was associated with lower gestational age and lower birth weight. This indicates the overall positive effects of Zn and negative effects of Cu on pregnancy outcomes.
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12
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Gutka consumption and dietary partialities explaining anemia in women of a coastal slum of Karachi, Pakistan: A mixed-method study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276893. [PMID: 36315485 PMCID: PMC9621450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited literature is available on the dietary pattern and its consequences on health of women living in coastal slums of Karachi, Pakistan. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study employed a mixed-method approach where concurrent quantitative and qualitative assessments were carried out. An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect information on demographic, household, obstetrics characteristics, and dietary pattern of married women of reproductive age (MWRA). Blood samples were collected to identify the hemoglobin level to determine anemia. For the qualitative component, focus group discussions were carried out with women and in-depth interviews with shopkeepers to understand the availability of food items at household level and in local markets respectively. In addition, observational visits were carried out at different points in time to the local market to document the availability of iron-rich foods for the community. RESULTS The overall prevalence of anemia in sample population was 68.0%. Women with no formal education (AOR: 2.93 95% CI: 1.90-4.52), who consumed gutka (AOR: 2.84 95% CI: 1.81-4.46), did not eat red meat (AOR: 1.68 95% CI: 1.06-2.65), and only had seafood (AOR: 4.56 95% CI: 1.38-15.02) were more likely to be anemic as compared to their counterparts. Qualitative data revealed that any kind of meat and fruits were beyond the reach of community people due to non-affordable cost. A high percentage of women used a locally produced recreational substance known as gutka which gives them a feeling of wellbeing and suppresses hunger. CONCLUSION In our study population, lack of access to diversity of food items, illiteracy, and use of gutka are the statistically significant factors which are associated with anemia in married women of this coastal slum area. The lack of demand for diversity in food is related to poverty and preference of spending money on gutka.
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Tian FY, Kennedy EM, Hermetz K, Burt A, Everson TM, Punshon T, Jackson BP, Hao K, Chen J, Karagas MR, Koestler DC, Marsit C. Selenium-associated differentially expressed microRNAs and their targeted mRNAs across the placental genome in two U.S. birth cohorts. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1234-1245. [PMID: 34784848 PMCID: PMC9542509 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.2003044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an important micronutrient for foetal development. MicroRNAs play an important role in the function of the placenta, in communication between the placenta and maternal systems, and their expression can be altered through environmental and nutritional cues. To investigate the associations between placental selenium concentration and microRNA expression in the placenta, our observational study included 393 mother-child pairs from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) and the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS). Placental selenium concentrations were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and microRNA transcripts were measured using RNA-seq. We fit negative binomial additive models for assessing the association between selenium and microRNAs. We used the microRNA Data Integration Portal (mirDIP) to predict the target mRNAs of the differentially expressed microRNAs and verified the relationships between miRNA and mRNA targets in a subset of samples using existing whole transcriptome data (N = 199). We identified a non-monotonic association between selenium concentration and the expression of miR-216a-5p/miR-217-5p cluster (effective degrees of freedom, EDF = 2.44 and 2.08; FDR = 3.08 × 10-5) in placenta. Thirty putative target mRNAs of miR-216a-5p and/or miR-217-5p were identified computationally and empirically and were enriched in selenium metabolic pathways (driven by selenoprotein coding genes, TXNRD2 and SELENON). Our findings suggest that selenium influences placental microRNA expression. Further, miR-216a-5p and its putative target mRNAs could be the potential mechanistic targets of the health effect of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ying Tian
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Kennedy
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Karen Hermetz
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Todd M. Everson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Brian P. Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Devin C. Koestler
- The University Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Carmen Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Akbarzadeh A, Taheri M, Ebrahimi B, Alirezaei P, Doosti-Irani A, Soleimani M, Nouri F. Evaluation of Lactocare® Synbiotic Administration on the Serum Electrolytes and Trace Elements Levels in Psoriasis Patients: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4230-4237. [PMID: 34845600 PMCID: PMC8629602 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the exact etiopathogenesis of psoriasis remains unknown, the increasing or decreasing of some trace elements and oxidative stress status are considered to play a role. In this study, the effect of Lactocare® synbiotic on the serum levels of trace elements including Zn, Cu, Mg, Na, Fe, P, Ca, and K in the patients with mild to moderate psoriasis was investigated. METHODS Sixty-four patients with mild to moderate psoriasis were included. Patients were randomly divided into treatment (n═32) and control (n═32) groups. The treatment group received Lactocare® and the control group received a placebo (two times daily for 12 weeks). Eight patients from the intervention group and 18 patients from the control group discontinued the study because of the recent COVID-19 condition. For routine trace element analysis, the blood samples were collected from all patients at the baseline as well as week 12 post-treatment. The serum was then isolated and the serum levels of trace elements including Fe, K, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, Na, and Cu were measured using an automatic electrolyte analyzer. For confirmation of the effect of Lactocare® on the alteration of serum levels of trace elements, intra-group analysis was performed at two interval times: baseline and week 12 post-treatment. RESULTS The serum levels of K, P, and Ca in the placebo group were significantly higher than that of the treatment group at baseline. Serum levels of Zn and Ca were significantly higher in the treatment group compared to the placebo group at week 12 post-treatment. Moreover, a significantly lower serum level of K, P, and Ca in the treatment group at the baseline compared to the placebo group was compensated on week 12 post-treatment. Intra-group analysis in the treatment group showed that the serum levels of Fe, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, and Na was significantly increased at week 12 post-treatment compared to baseline levels. Whereas, intra-group analysis in the control group showed only Ca has a significant difference between baseline and week 12 post-treatment. CONCLUSION The serum levels of Fe, Zn, P, Mg, Ca, and Na are increased significantly 12 weeks after oral administration of Lactocare® in psoriatic patients. The serum level of Fe and Cu is affected by sex at pre- and post-treatment. This study supports the concept that Lactocare® exerts beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract to improve mineral absorption in psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Ebrahimi
- Psoriasis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Pedram Alirezaei
- Psoriasis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amin Doosti-Irani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Meysam Soleimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Gophane R, Kumari N. The role of saliva in taste dysfunction among cancer patients and the neglected pre-treatment causes. Oral Oncol 2022; 134:106128. [PMID: 36174457 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Renuka Gophane
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Nidhi Kumari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
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16
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Ghaderi A, Khoshakhlagh AH, Irani M, Ghaseminezhad A, Gautam P, Mirzaei N, Banafshe HR, Nemati B, Ghalerashidi HM. Examining of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hookah Smokers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3185-3192. [PMID: 36138261 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03422-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hookah smoking has been spreading around the world, especially among young adults. The current study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals and elements and clinical symptoms in hookah users in comparison with non-users. To the best of our knowledge, the present study represents the first scientific contribution indicating levels of several heavy metals and elements in urine and blood in hookah users and non-users as well as evaluating clinical symptoms. This research was implemented in Iran among 100 males divided into two groups (50/group): control and hookah users. Heavy metal contamination (lead, cadmium, arsenic, thallium, zinc, and copper) in blood and urine samples was assayed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Duration of hookah use was 7.06 ± 4.57 years. The mean ± SD of lead, arsenic, and thallium concentrations was 3.77 ± 2.22, 8.50 ± 4.34, and 4.22 ± 2.69 μg/L. The mean levels of blood for lead, arsenic, and urinary thallium in hookah users are significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). The most frequent clinical symptoms in hookah smokers were constipation and fatigue. Findings from this study might guide the development of policies to regulate hookah smoking and prevent adverse health effects associated with hookah smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medical, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit-Matini/Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Masoome Irani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Azam Ghaseminezhad
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Prem Gautam
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nezam Mirzaei
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Department of Environment Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Banafshe
- Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bahador Nemati
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Skalny AV, Serebryansky EP, Korobeinikova TV, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C, Paoliello MMB, Sotnikova TI, Aschner M, Tinkov AA. Smoking is associated with altered serum and hair essential metal and metalloid levels in women. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 167:113249. [PMID: 35728725 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between smoking and essential metal (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, V, Zn) and metalloid (Se) levels in hair and serum of adult women using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 344 women 20-70 years old including 199 smokers and 145 non-smoking women were enrolled. Serum Cu, Fe, and Zn levels in smoking women were found to be 6%, 8%, and 3% lower of levels in non-smokers, respectively. In contrast, circulating Mn, V, and especially Cr concentrations in smoking women exceeded the respective values in non-smoking women by 5%, 14%, and 54%. Hair Fe and Se levels in smoking women were 17% and 23% lower as compared to non-smoking controls, respectively. In multiple regression models, smoking severity was inversely associated with serum and hair Se concentrations, whereas the relationship to serum and hair Cr was positive. In addition, serum Zn and hair Fe levels were found to be inversely associated with the number of cigarettes per day. These findings hypothesize that health hazards of smoking may be at least in part be mediated by alteration in essential metal and metalloid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana V Korobeinikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Constantine Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, 02115, Boston, United States
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; City Clinical Hospital n. a, S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia.
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Effects of Supplementation with Dried Neem Leaf Extract on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme mRNA Expression in the Pectoralis Major Muscle of Broiler Chickens. J Poult Sci 2022; 59:75-80. [PMID: 35125915 PMCID: PMC8791773 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0200120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of dried neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract (DNE) on lipid peroxidation and the expression of genes encoding mRNAs in antioxidant enzymes in the pectoralis major muscle of chickens. A total of 24 male broiler chickens (ROSS308) were divided into three groups (n=8) at 21 days of age. The control group of chickens was fed a basal diet, and the remaining two groups of chickens were fed a basal diet supplemented with DNE at a concentration of 0.5% or 2.0% until 35 days of age. Growth performance (body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio) and tissue weights did not differ among the three groups. The 2.0% DNE-supplemented diet decreased the muscle malondialdehyde content, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and drip loss compared to the control chickens. In addition, the expression of genes encoding mRNAs of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, Mn-superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase 7, and catalase) were higher in the pectoralis major muscle of chickens fed the 2.0% DNE-supplemented diet than in the control chickens. Therefore, DNE supplementation increased the expression of genes encoding mRNAs in antioxidant enzymes and reduced lipid peroxidation and drip loss in the pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens.
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Shakeri MT, Nezami H, Nakhaee S, Aaseth J, Mehrpour O. Assessing Heavy Metal Burden Among Cigarette Smokers and Non-smoking Individuals in Iran: Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4036-4044. [PMID: 33469740 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is one of the major causes of mortality and numerous diseases, both directly and indirectly. The role of smoking as a significant risk factor is already known in several human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We aimed to compare the toxicity of heavy metal levels in the two groups of cigarette smokers and non-smokers in Birjand during 2018. In this case-control study, 70 smokers were enrolled as the case group and 70 individuals with no history of smoking as control group. The cases were selected from among those who smoked 10 cigarettes per day without a drug use history. Heavy metal concentrations were collected in participants' serum samples. Cluster analysis and principal components analysis were employed to compare heavy metal toxicity between the groups. The duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes consumed per day were 14.36 ± 12.75 years and 11.32 ± 7.23, respectively. The concentration of thallium (Ti), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) was significantly higher in the smoker group than that in the non-smoker group (p < 0.05). Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and cobalt (Co) are among the most important metals accumulated in smokers' blood, and 21.6% of our study's total data was associated with them. Cluster analysis in the smoker group, including A1 (Cd), A2 (Co, Pb), B1 (Ti), B2 (mercury (Hg), As, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)) and C (Mn and Cu). In our study, cluster analysis showed a different grouping of elements in patient and control groups. Lead, cadmium, and cobalt were the most critical metals accumulated in the blood of cigarette smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Shakeri
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Nezami
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital, Brumunddal, Norway
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Arizona Poison & Drug Information Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Qin J, Huang X, Wang N, Zhou P, Zhang H, Chen Z, Liang K, Gong D, Zeng Q, Niu P, Chen A, Yuan L, Yang Z, Su L, Shen N, Deng J, Yu D. Supranutritional selenium suppresses ROS-induced generation of RANKL-expressing osteoclastogenic CD4 + T cells and ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1338. [PMID: 34584694 PMCID: PMC8452973 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The benefit of Se supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been tested in clinical trials, but results remain inconclusive. The objective of this study was to specifically investigate the potential benefit of supranutritional Se by examining human samples from an area with supranutritional Se intake and testing a mouse model of RA. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients (N = 57) and healthy controls (HC, N = 71) from an area of supranutritional Se intake (Enshi, Hubei, China) were analysed by flow cytometry. Serum cytokine and Se levels were measured by cytometric beads array (CBA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. With sufficient or supranutritional selenium intake, mice were induced with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and examined for disease activity and immunopathology. The influence of Se supplementation in the generation of RANKL-expressing osteoclastogenic CD4+ T cells was investigated by in vitro assays. RESULTS In Enshi city, HC showed the above-normal concentrations of serum Se concentrations while RA patients were enriched in the normal range (70-150 ng mL-1) or below. RA patients with higher Se levels demonstrated milder disease and lower levels of C-reactive protein, IL-6, RANKL and Th17 cells. In the mouse CIA model, supranutritional Se supplementation delayed disease onset, ameliorated joint pathology and reduced CD4+CD44+RANKL+ T cells. Se supplementation could suppress RANKL expression in cultured mouse Th17 cells. CONCLUSION Supranutritional Se suppresses RANKL-expressing osteoclastogenic CD4+ T cells and could be beneficial to RA, which warrants formal testing in randomised clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Qin
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xia Huang
- Department of RheumatologyMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Naiqi Wang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- The University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and HealthSchool of Pharmaceutical ScienceShandong Analysis and Test CenterQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)JinanChina
| | - Zhian Chen
- The University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Kaili Liang
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dongcheng Gong
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qunxiong Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Niu
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of RheumatologyMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic DiseasesMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- Department of OrthopaedicsMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Linchong Su
- Department of RheumatologyMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM)ShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Deng
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM)ShanghaiChina
| | - Di Yu
- Shanghai Institute of RheumatologyChina‐Australia Centre for Personalized ImmunologyRenji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- The University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and HealthSchool of Pharmaceutical ScienceShandong Analysis and Test CenterQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)JinanChina
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Weyde KVF, Olsen AK, Duale N, Kamstra JH, Skogheim TS, Caspersen IH, Engel SM, Biele G, Xia Y, Meltzer HM, Aase H, Villanger GD. Gestational blood levels of toxic metal and essential element mixtures and associations with global DNA methylation in pregnant women and their infants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 787:147621. [PMID: 34000534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women and their fetuses are exposed to multiple toxic metals that together with variations in essential element levels may alter epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and mixtures thereof, with global DNA methylation levels in pregnant women and their newborn children. METHODS Using 631 mother-child pairs from a prospective birth cohort (The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study), we measured maternal blood concentration (gestation week ~18) of five toxic metals and seven essential elements. We investigated associations as individual exposures and two-way interactions, using elastic net regression, and total mixture, using quantile g-computation, with blood levels of 5-methylcytocine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in mothers during pregnancy and their newborn children (cord blood). Multiple testing was adjusted for using the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) approach. RESULTS The most sensitive marker of DNA methylation appeared to be 5mC levels. In pregnant mothers, elastic net regression indicated associations between 5mC and selenium and lead (non-linear), while in newborns results indicated relationships between maternal selenium, cobalt (non-linear) and mercury and 5mC, as well as copper (non-linear) and 5hmC levels. Several possible two-way interactions were identified (e.g. arsenic and mercury, and selenium and maternal smoking in newborns). None of these findings met the FDR threshold for multiple testing. No net effect was observed in the joint (mixture) exposure-approach using quantile g-computation. CONCLUSION We identified few associations between gestational levels of several toxic metals and essential elements and global DNA methylation in pregnant mothers and their newborn children. As DNA methylation dysregulation might be a key mechanism in disease development and thus of high importance for public health, our results should be considered as important candidates to investigate in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nur Duale
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Stephanie M Engel
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Guido Biele
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Heidi Aase
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Nakhaee S, Amirabadizadeh A, Ataei M, Ataei H, Zardast M, Shariatmadari MR, Mousavi-Mirzaei SM, Mehrpour O. Comparison of serum concentrations of essential and toxic elements between cigarette smokers and non-smokers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37672-37678. [PMID: 33721162 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The habit of smoking remains a severe public health problem. Heavy metals in cigarettes and mainstream smoke have been extensively investigated. This study has attempted to determine the essential and toxic elements in a biological sample of smokers and non-smokers. In this case-control study, 100 smokers were compared with 100 age- and gender-matched non-smoker healthy subjects. The smoker group was selected via the snowball sampling method. Serum concentrations of trace elements were determined using ICP-MS (Agilent 7900) for subsequent analysis. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using t test or Mann-Whitney U test along with chi-square test at the significant level of less than 0.05. The results of this study indicated that subjects in the smoker group compared with non-smokers had a significantly higher median of manganese (Mn) (11.5 [5.7-17.2] versus 6 [4-12.5] (μg/L), p = 0.003), copper (Cu) (40 [34-47.2] versus 34 [29-42] (μg/L), p = 0.005), arsenic (As) (39 [9-49.2] versus 12 [5-42] (μg/L), p = 0.007), thallium (Tl) (0.54 [0.27-0.68] versus 0.34 [0.11-0.66] (μg/L), p = 0.04), and lower iron (Fe) concentration (218 [156-508] versus 429 [192-573] (μg/L), p = 0.03). This study found that the concentrations of Mn, Cu, As, and TI in cigarette smokers were significantly higher than those obtained from the control group. These results can provide health policymakers with the necessary information to take public health measures towards preventive interventions in the community, though further studies are still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Alireza Amirabadizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahshid Ataei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Homeira Ataei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmood Zardast
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | | | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Saikiran G, Mitra P, Sharma P, Sharma S. Selenium Levels in Occupationally Lead Exposed Workers of Rajasthan. Indian J Clin Biochem 2021; 37:218-223. [PMID: 35463106 PMCID: PMC8994004 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-021-00980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Occupational and environmental exposure to Lead (Pb) has profound detrimental effects on human health. The underlying mechanism of lead toxicity is not fully understood but antioxidant imbalance is suggested to be a key player in its pathogenesis. Selenium (Se) being a vital component of antioxidant system in the body, has been linked to many health benefits in humans. Selenium levels in occupationally Pb exposed individuals has not been explored in Indian setup. The aim of the present study is to find out the association of Se with blood lead levels (BLL) in occupationally Pb exposed individuals. In the present study 91 occupationally Pb exposed workers employed in handicraft and paint industries were recruited after taking informed consent. The demographic details were noted on self-generated questionnaire. The BLL and Se were measured using GFAAS (Thermofisher Scientific, Waltham, USA). Samples were run in duplicate after ensuring quality control. The mean Pb and Se levels in the study population were 5.5 ± 5.6 µg/dl (0.42-31.76 µg/dl) and 105.5 ± 23.8 µg/dl (46.4-189.6 µg/dl) respectively. BLL was significantly higher in tobacco chewers and those occupationally exposed to Pb for more than 5 years. Significantly low Se levels were observed in individuals with high BLL. Statistically significant negative linear relationship was noted between BLL and Se. The negative correlation of Se with BLL indicates the antagonistic relationship between these metals.
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Bengtsson Y, Sandsveden M, Manjer J. Risk of breast cancer in relation to dietary intake of selenium and serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake: a prospective cohort study within The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:815-826. [PMID: 33914217 PMCID: PMC8236480 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Selenium has been suggested to be protective against breast cancer, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Hence, it is important to further examine the potential protective effect. This prospective cohort study investigates pre-diagnostic selenium intake in relation to breast cancer risk. In addition, we analyze serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake. Methods This study includes 17,035 women in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Dietary assessment and serum samples were collected at baseline (1991–1996). During 344,584 person-years of follow-up, 1,427 incident cases were retrieved. Cox regression analysis examined breast cancer risks adjusted for potential confounding factors. In addition, odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for 1186 cases and an equal number of controls in relation to quartiles (Q) of selenium intake and groups consisting of a combination of intake and serum selenium levels. Results No overall association between selenium intake, or a combination of intake and serum levels, and breast cancer risk was found. The adjusted relative risk for breast cancer in selenium intake Q4 versus Q1 was 0.96 (0.83–1.12) (Ptrend = 0.65). Similarly, adjusted the OR for breast cancer in selenium intake for Q4 versus Q1 was 0.97 (0.76–1.23). The kappa value, 0.096 (p = 0.001), showed poor agreement between serum selenium and selenium intake. Conclusion Our findings suggest that there is no overall association between selenium intake, or a combination of intake and serum levels, and breast cancer risk. Finally, our results showed a poor correlation between estimated selenium intake and serum selenium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10552-021-01433-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Bengtsson
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 20501, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 20501, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 20501, Malmö, Sweden
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25
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Aziz Ali S, Feroz A, Abbasi Z, Aziz Ali S, Allana A, Hambidge KM, Krebs NF, Westcott JE, McClure EM, Goldenberg RL, Saleem S. Perceptions of women, their husbands and healthcare providers about anemia in rural Pakistan: Findings from a qualitative exploratory study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249360. [PMID: 33905421 PMCID: PMC8078764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Pakistan, there is a dearth of literature on the perceptions of anemia among women of reproductive age (WRA). This study was undertaken to explore the perceptions of women, their husbands, and healthcare providers about anemia, its possible causes, and how anemia impacts maternal and child health in Thatta, Pakistan. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted in Thatta, Pakistan from September to December 2018. Using a pre-tested semi-structured interview (SSI), we collected data to understand their definitions of anemia through ten focus group discussions (FGDs) with women and their partners and ten primary informant interviews (KIIs) with healthcare providers. We identified six major themes: (I) Knowledge and awareness of anemia, (II) Causes and consequences of Anemia, (III) Dietary practices, (IV) Knowledge and practices regarding the use of iron-folic acid supplements, (V) Factors influencing prevention and control of anemia and (VI) Women's health behavior. We analyzed the data through thematic analysis using NVivo 10 software. RESULTS Most community members were not aware of the term anemia but described anemia as a condition characterized by 'blood deficiency' in the body. All study participants perceived anemia as an important health problem tending to cause adverse outcomes among WRA and their children. Study participants perceived gutka (chewable tobacco) consumption as an important cause of anemia. Healthcare providers identified short inter-pregnancy intervals, lack of family planning, poor health-seeking behavior, and consumption of unhealthy food as causes of anemia in the district. Consumption of unhealthy food might not be related to related to a poorer knowledge of iron-deficient foods, but economic constraints. This was further endorsed by the healthcare providers who mentioned that most women were too poor to afford iron-rich foods. All men and women were generally well versed with the sources of good nutrition to be consumed by WRA to prevent anemia. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the government should plan to develop strategies for poverty-stricken and vulnerable rural women and plan health awareness programs to improve dietary practices, compliance with supplements, and health-seeking behavior among women of reproductive age. There is a need to develop effective counseling strategies and context-specific health education sessions to improve the health-seeking behavior of women and men in the Thatta district of Pakistan. Besides, there is need to address social determinants of health such as poverty that pushes women of poorer socioeconomic strata to eat less nutritious foods and have more anaemia. Therefore, a comprehensive and robust strategic plan need to be adopted by government that focuses not only on the awareness programs, but also aim to reduce inequities that lead to pregnant women eat iron-poor foods, which, in turn, forces them to become anemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Aziz Ali
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Anam Feroz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Abbasi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Savera Aziz Ali
- Department of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ahreen Allana
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - K. Michael Hambidge
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nancy F. Krebs
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jamie E. Westcott
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth M. McClure
- Regional Triangulate Institute International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Goldenberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Sarah Saleem
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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26
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Bizoń A, Milnerowicz H, Kowalska-Piastun K, Milnerowicz-Nabzdyk E. The Impact of Early Pregnancy and Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Blood Antioxidant Status and Copper, Zinc, Cadmium Concentration-A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030493. [PMID: 33809854 PMCID: PMC8004252 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of early pregnancy and exposure to tobacco smoke on antioxidant status and copper, zinc, and cadmium concentrations in the blood of non-smoking and smoking, as well as non-pregnant or pregnant women. The study included 213 women. More specifically, 150 women in first trimester of pregnancy and 63 non-pregnant women. Women were divided into subgroups according to exposure to tobacco smoke. Pregnancy significant influences higher copper and lower zinc concentration in the serum, whereas exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is mainly associated with an elevation in cadmium and zinc concentration. It seems that metallothionein, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase are the important antioxidants during early pregnancy, when exposure to tobacco smoke occurs, whereas the pregnancy itself is associated with a higher concentration of metallothionein and activity of catalase. Both pregnancy in the first trimester and exposure to tobacco smoke decrease glutathione concentration. In addition, active and passive maternal smoking have a similarly negative effect on antioxidant status in the first trimester. Early pregnancy as well as exposure to tobacco smoke is associated with significant alteration in antioxidant status and copper, zinc, and cadmium concentration. Due to a small number of smoking subjects (11 cases of non-pregnant, active smokers and 14 pregnant active smokers), the obtained results should be treated as a pilot, and this should be considered for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bizoń
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (H.M.); (K.K.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-0175; Fax: +48-71-784-0172
| | - Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (H.M.); (K.K.-P.)
| | - Katarzyna Kowalska-Piastun
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (H.M.); (K.K.-P.)
| | - Ewa Milnerowicz-Nabzdyk
- 2nd Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Kohrogi R, Shimamoto S, Nakashima K, Sonoda D, Ohtsuka A, Ijiri D. Effects of delaying post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression in the pectoralis major muscle of newly hatched chicks. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13327. [PMID: 32219959 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive lipid peroxidation negatively affects the physiological response and meat quality of chickens. Delaying post-hatch feeding was previously found to increase lipid peroxidation in the skeletal muscle of finishing broiler chickens. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of delayed post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and the mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes in the pectoralis major muscle of broiler chicks during the post-hatching period. Newly hatched chicks either had immediate free access to feed (freely-fed chicks) or had no access to feed from 0 to 2 days old (delayed-fed chicks), after which both groups were fed ad libitum until 4 or 13 days old. The lipid peroxidation level was higher in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks at 2, 4, and 13 days old. At 2 days old, the mRNA expressions of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GPX7 were lower in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks, while catalase mRNA levels did not differ. Furthermore, at 4 and 13 days old, lower mRNA expressions of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD were observed in the delayed-fed than freely-fed chicks. These results suggest that delaying post-hatch feeding reduces the mRNA levels of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD, consequently affecting muscle lipid peroxidation in chicks during subsequent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukana Kohrogi
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Saki Shimamoto
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakashima
- Division of Animal Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daichi Sonoda
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtsuka
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daichi Ijiri
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Trace elements and oxidative stress status in patients with psoriasis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:333-339. [PMID: 32792872 PMCID: PMC7394161 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.94265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is a common, inflammatory skin disease of which etiopathogenesis is still not explained clearly, however in which trace elements and oxidative stress are considered to play a role. Aim To evaluate the serum trace element and oxidative stress levels in patients diagnosed with psoriasis. Material and methods A total of 87 psoriasis patients and 60 healthy subjects were included in the study. Serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) levels, oxidative stress parameters, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and ferroxidase (FOX) activity and an inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), were examined in all participants. Results IMA, IMA/Albumin (IMA/Alb), CAT, Cu, FOX and CRP levels were found to be significantly higher; Se, Zn and albumin levels were significantly lower in the patient group as compared to the control group. No significant difference was found between groups with regard to Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe and MPO levels. Conclusions Some trace element levels and oxidant-antioxidant balance were changed in psoriasis patients.
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29
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Tian FY, Everson TM, Lester B, Punshon T, Jackson BP, Hao K, Lesseur C, Chen J, Karagas MR, Marsit CJ. Selenium-associated DNA methylation modifications in placenta and neurobehavioral development of newborns: An epigenome-wide study of two U.S. birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105508. [PMID: 32007686 PMCID: PMC7722519 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Selenium (Se) levels in pregnancy have been linked to neurobehavioral development of the offspring. DNA methylation is a potential mechanism underlying the impacts of environmental exposures on fetal development; however, very few studies have been done elucidating the role of DNA methylation linking prenatal Se and child neurobehavior. We aimed to investigate the associations between placental Se concentration and epigenome-wide DNA methylation in two U.S. cohorts, and to assess the association between Se-related DNA methylation modifications and newborns' neurobehavior. METHODS We measured placental Se concentrations in 343 newborns enrolled in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study and in 141 newborns in the Rhode Island Child Health Study. Genome-wide placental DNA methylation was measured by HumanMethylation450 BeadChip, and newborn neurobehavioral development was assessed by the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS). We meta-analyzed the associations between placental Se concentration and DNA methylation in each cohort, adjusting for covariates. We also fit multiple linear regression and ordinal logistic regression for methylation and newborn NNNS summary scores. RESULTS We identified five Se-related differentially methylated CpG sites. Among them was cg09674502 (GFI1), where selenium concentration was positively associated with methylation (β-coefficient = 1.11, FDR-adjusted p-value = 0.045), and where we observed that a one percent methylation level increase was associated with a 15% reduced odds of higher muscle tone in the arms, legs and trunk of newborns, (OR [95% Confidence Interval, CI] = 0.85 [0.77, 0.95]). We also observed for each interquartile range (IQR) increase in selenium concentration in the placenta, there was 1.76 times greater odds of higher hypotonicity (OR [95% CI] = 1.76 [1.12, 2.82]). CONCLUSIONS Placental selenium concentration was inversely associated with muscle tone of newborns, and hypermethylation of GFI1 could be a potential mechanism underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ying Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd M Everson
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Barry Lester
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA; Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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Burgara-Estrella AJ, Acosta-Elías MA, Álvarez-Bajo O, Silva-Campa E, Angulo-Molina A, Rodríguez-Hernández IDC, Sarabia-Sainz HM, Escalante-Lugo VM, Pedroza-Montero MR. Atomic force microscopy and Raman spectra profile of blood components associated with exposure to cigarette smoking. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11971-11981. [PMID: 35496627 PMCID: PMC9050830 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01384f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoke contains several compounds with oxidant and pro-oxidant properties with the capability of producing structural changes in biomolecules, as well as cell damage. This work aimed to describe and analyse the effect of tobacco smoke on human blood components, red blood cell (RBC) membrane, haemoglobin (Hb) and blood plasma by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. Our results indicate that tobacco induced RBC membrane nano-alterations characterized by diminished RBC diameter and increased nano-vesicles formation, and RBC fragility. The Raman spectra profile suggests modifications in chemical composition specifically found in peaks 1135 cm-1, 1156 cm-1, 1452 cm-1 and intensity relation of peaks 1195 cm-1 and 1210 cm-1 of blood plasma and by change of peaks 1338 cm-1, 1357 cm-1, 1549 cm-1 and 1605 cm-1 associated with the pyrrole ring of Hb. The relevance of these results lies in the identification of a profile of structural and chemical alterations that serves as a biomarker of physiological and pathological conditions in the human blood components induced by tobacco exposure using AFM and the Raman spectroscopy as tools for monitoring them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Osiris Álvarez-Bajo
- CONACYT-Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico
| | - Erika Silva-Campa
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico
| | - Aracely Angulo-Molina
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico
| | | | - Héctor M Sarabia-Sainz
- Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y de la Actividad Física, Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Mexico
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Fouad AA, Foda NT, Diab IH, Badr El Dine FMM, Balah MIF. Evaluation of possible molecular toxicity induced by occupational exposure to lead and concomitant effect of smoking. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:411-423. [PMID: 31792792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the most toxic heavy metals in the environment nowadays is lead (Pb). Even though exposure to lead has been reduced in some developed countries, individuals working in certain occupations are still exposed to lead at dangerous levels. Occupational exposure is of great concern and is also the main cause of lead poisoning. Although experts in various fields have been investigating the toxic effects of lead and its compounds for many years now, the association between chronic lead exposure and geno-toxicity is still an interesting point of research. The study aims to evaluate the possible DNA damage and the oxidative stress status induced by occupational exposure to lead and the role of concomitant smoking. The study was conducted on 60 subjects divided into two groups: an exposed group (40 male workers exposed to lead in their workplaces). This group was further divided into two subgroups; 20 workers were cigarette smokers and the other 20 workers were non-smokers. The other control group consists of 20 healthy males, not exposed to lead and matched by age to the exposed group (10 were smokers and the rest were non-smokers). Venous blood samples were collected from each participant for the determination of the following: blood lead level (BLL), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and DNA damage using agarose gel electrophoresis. The exposed workers had significantly higher levels of lead and MDA, as well as a high frequency of DNA fragmentation. Smoking workers showed a greater frequency of DNA fragmentation than non-smokers. A significant relation was revealed between the BLL, as well as the MDA level, and the degree of DNA fragmentation among the lead-exposed workers. The study has shown additional evidence proving the association between Pb exposure and oxidative stress. The results further reinforced the role of cigarette smoking in augmenting such oxidative damage in the Pb-exposed population. However, further studies are recommended to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on Pb-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Ali Fouad
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nermine Tawfik Foda
- Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Janssen R, Wouters EFM, Janssens W, Daamen WF, Hagedoorn P, de Wit HAJM, Serré J, Gayan-Ramirez G, Franssen FME, Reynaert NL, von der Thüsen JH, Frijlink HW. Copper-Heparin Inhalation Therapy To Repair Emphysema: A Scientific Rationale. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:2587-2602. [PMID: 32063701 PMCID: PMC6884741 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s228411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Current pharmacotherapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) aims at reducing respiratory symptoms and exacerbation frequency. Effective therapies to reduce disease progression, however, are still lacking. Furthermore, COPD medications showed less favorable effects in emphysema than in other COPD phenotypes. Elastin fibers are reduced and disrupted, whereas collagen levels are increased in emphysematous lungs. Protease/antiprotease imbalance has historically been regarded as the sole cause of emphysema. However, it is nowadays appreciated that emphysema may also be provoked by perturbations in the sequential repair steps following elastolysis. Essentiality of fibulin-5 and lysyl oxidase-like 1 in the elastin restoration process is discussed, and it is argued that copper deficiency is a plausible reason for failing elastin repair in emphysema patients. Since copper-dependent lysyl oxidases crosslink elastin as well as collagen fibers, copper supplementation stimulates accumulation of both proteins in the extracellular matrix. Restoration of abnormal elastin fibers in emphysematous lungs is favorable, whereas stimulating pulmonary fibrosis formation by further increasing collagen concentrations and organization is detrimental. Heparin inhibits collagen crosslinking while stimulating elastin repair and might therefore be the ideal companion of copper for emphysema patients. Efficacy and safety considerations may lead to a preference of pulmonary administration of copper-heparin over systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Janssen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel FM Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willeke F Daamen
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Hagedoorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo AJM de Wit
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frits ME Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lewandowska M, Sajdak S, Marciniak W, Lubiński J. First Trimester Serum Copper or Zinc Levels, and Risk of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102479. [PMID: 31623110 PMCID: PMC6835641 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Early identification of women at risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is very important. The involvement of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the oxidative balance suggests the possibility of their association with this disease, in which oxidative stress plays a key role. However, it has not been established so far whether the microelement levels in early pregnancy may be risk markers of the disease, as prospective studies are limited in number. In our innovative single-center study, we identified from a prospective cohort of healthy women in the 10–14th week of a single pregnancy: women subsequently developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 121) and matched women remaining normotensive (n = 363). We measured the concentrations of microelements in the serum from 10–14 week, using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The odds ratios of the disease (and 95% confidence intervals) were assessed in logistic regression. In the whole cohort, the odds ratio (OR) of PIH was 1.52 (p = 0.174) for women in the lowest (Q1) quartile of Cu (≤1540.58 µg/L) compared with women in the highest (Q4) quartile (>1937.46 µg/L), but adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was 2.17 (p = 0.019) after adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational age at recruitment. The higher levels of Cu in the subgroup of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 compared to normal BMI were found (1847.64 vs. 1673.36 µg/L; p < 0.0001). In the subgroup of women with the normal pre-pregnancy BMI, the adjusted odds ratio of PIH was AOR = 2.95 (p = 0.040) for Q1 vs. Q4 quartile. Our results suggest that lower Cu levels in early pregnancy may be connected with higher risk of PIH, but BMI affected estimated odds ratios. Zinc levels had no effect on the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Lewandowska
- Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Stefan Sajdak
- Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Marciniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.
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Ates Alkan F, Karis D, Cakmak G, Ercan AM. Analysis of the Relationship Between Hemorheologic Parameters, Aluminum, Manganese, and Selenium in Smokers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:22-31. [PMID: 29704205 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a significant risk factor in fatal pathologies including cardio-cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases. Aluminum (Al) is a toxic element without known biological function, but with recognized toxic effects. Manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se) are essential trace elements involved in cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. Al, Mn, and Se carry out their metabolic activities via blood flow and tissue oxygenation. The structure and number of red blood cells (RBC) play important role in tissue oxygenation throughout blood flow. Increased hematocrit (Hct) as a result of probable hypoxia induces disturbed blood flow, RBC aggregation (RBC Agg), RBC deformability index (Tk), and oxygen delivery index (ODI). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of altered Al, Mn, and Se levels on number, structure, and function of RBCs (Hct, blood and plasma viscosity (BV and PV, respectively), RBC Agg, Tk, ODI) in smokers without diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a study group (n = 128) categorized as ex-smokers (ES), smokers (S), and healthy controls (HC). Elements were analyzed in serum using ICP-OES. BV and PV were measured via Brookfield and Harkness viscometers at 37 °C, respectively. Smokers had statistically higher serum Al and Mn levels, BV, RBC, Hgb, Hct, PV, fibrinogen, RBC Agg, Tk45, and pulmonary blood flow rate, but lower serum Se levels and ODI45 values versus HC. In conclusion, increased Al, Mn, and hemorheological parameters and decreased Se and ODI45 might result from inflammatory response in defense mechanism in smokers without diagnosis of COPD. Our results point out that serum Al, Mn, and Se with hemorheological parameters may be beneficial markers of tissue oxygenation and defense mechanism before the clinic onset of COPD in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ates Alkan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34098, Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Denizhan Karis
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34098, Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulfidan Cakmak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Haseki Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alev Meltem Ercan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34098, Fatih/Istanbul, Turkey
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Lewandowski Ł, Kepinska M, Milnerowicz H. The copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity in selected diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13036. [PMID: 30316201 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) plays a protective role in various types of tissue protecting them from oxidative damage. Alterations in Cu,Zn-SOD (SOD1 and SOD3) activity and its expression have been observed in pathological occurrences most prevalent in modern society, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and its implications-diabetes and hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, several SOD1 and SOD3 gene polymorphisms have been associated with the risk of developing a particular type of disease, or its exacerbation. This article features recent observations in this topic, aiming to show the importance of proper gene sequence and activity of Cu,Zn-SOD in the aforementioned diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Bandeira CM, de Almeida AÁ, Carta CFL, Almeida AA, de Figueiredo FAT, Sandrim VC, Gonçalves AJ, Almeida JD. Tobacco influence in heavy metals levels in head and neck cancer cases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27650-27656. [PMID: 30056540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals intoxication is known to be risk factors for various diseases, including cancer. These metals may be presented in food and soil as well as in leaf and tobacco smoke. The aim of this study was to correlate the exposure to heavy metals stemming from tobacco and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma carcinogenesis. Analysis of lead, copper, manganese, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry was performed in whole blood samples from 91 patients: 68 smokers with oral cavity, pharynx, or laryngeal cancer; 8 non-smokers with oral or larynx cancer; and 15 non-cancer smokers with tobacco-related diseases (control group). No differences were found in metals quantifications, except a significant difference was observed (p = 0.0223) with higher mean in copper levels for non-smokers with cancer. The present study concluded, for the groups evaluated, it was not possible to prove the relationship between the studied metals in the development of the neoplasm. On the other hand, the results of copper demonstrated a correlation with smokers with cancer and lower levels of circulating copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Muller Bandeira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ávila de Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alaor Aparecido Almeida
- Center of Toxicological Assistance (CEATOX), Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fellipe Augusto Tocchini de Figueiredo
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria Cristina Sandrim
- Department of Pharmacology, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio José Gonçalves
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Sciences College, Irmandade daSanta Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo (ISCMSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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Mistry R, Jones AD, Pednekar MS, Dhumal G, Dasika A, Kulkarni U, Gomare M, Gupta PC. Antenatal tobacco use and iron deficiency anemia: integrating tobacco control into antenatal care in urban India. Reprod Health 2018; 15:72. [PMID: 29720206 PMCID: PMC5932801 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-018-0516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In India, tobacco use during pregnancy is not routinely addressed during antenatal care. We measured the association between tobacco use and anemia in low-income pregnant women, and identified ways to integrate tobacco cessation into existing antenatal care at primary health centers. Methods We conducted an observational study using structured interviews with antenatal care clinic patients (n = 100) about tobacco use, anemia, and risk factors such as consumption of iron rich foods and food insecurity. We performed blood tests for serum cotinine, hemoglobin and ferritin. We conducted in-depth interviews with physicians (n = 5) and auxiliary nurse midwives (n = 5), and focus groups with community health workers (n = 65) to better understand tobacco and anemia control services offered during antenatal care. Results We found that 16% of patients used tobacco, 72% were anemic, 41% had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and 29% were food insecure. Regression analysis showed that tobacco use (OR = 14.3; 95%CI = 2.6, 77.9) and consumption of green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.6; 95%CI = 0.4, 0.9) were independently associated with IDA, and tobacco use was not associated with consumption of iron-rich foods or household food insecurity. Clinics had a system for screening, treatment and follow-up care for anemic and iron-deficient antenatal patients, but not for tobacco use. Clinicians and community health workers were interested in integrating tobacco screening and cessation services with current maternal care services such as anemia control. Tobacco users wanted help to quit. Conclusion It would be worthwhile to assess the feasibility of integrating antenatal tobacco screening and cessation services with antenatal care services for anemia control, such as screening and guidance during clinic visits and cessation support during home visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Mistry
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH I, Room 3806, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Andrew D Jones
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Gauri Dhumal
- Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Anjuli Dasika
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, SPH I, Room 3806, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Ujwala Kulkarni
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Prakash C Gupta
- Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, India
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Kosik-Bogacka DI, Lanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kot K, Ciosek Z, Zietek P, Karaczun M, Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Podlasinska J, Kalisinska E, Pyzia J. Effects of biological factors and health condition on mercury and selenium concentrations in the cartilage, meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:201-208. [PMID: 28965577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due the long-term nature of joint tissue remodeling processes, knee structures including meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be a model for studying the bioaccumulation of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se). The accumulation and retention of Hg in human tissues can have a negative effect on the proper functioning of homeostasis-affecting organisms. A factor of chronic poisoning with Hg forms is probably the Se:Hg ratio in tissues. Se:Hg molar ratios below one may increase Hg toxicity potentials, while molar ratios that approach or exceed one effectively may protect against Hg toxicity. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine total mercury (THg), Se, and Se:THg molar ratios in the cartilage, meniscus and ACL of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) from northwestern Poland. In all studied samples (n=95), we observed higher Se than THg concentration. Taking into consideration the biological factors, we found significantly higher THg levels in the cartilage of women, patients under 65 years of age, patients without hypertension and in the ACL of patients with spinal degenerative disease. We found higher Se levels in the meniscus in women than in men. In all studied parts of the knee joint, we found the Se:THg molar ratio higher than one, which suggests that the joint forming structures are not much exposed to THg. Moreover the results reported here may provide a basis for establishing reference values for the meniscus and ACL in patients with OA who had undergone knee replacement surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta I Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Lanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Zaneta Ciosek
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; Laboratory of Medical Rehabilitation, Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pawel Zietek
- Chair and Clinic of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Karaczun
- Chair and Clinic of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumila Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Podlasinska
- Department of Ecology, Environmental Management and Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Kalisinska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Pyzia
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Richter P, Faroon O, Pappas RS. Cadmium and Cadmium/Zinc Ratios and Tobacco-Related Morbidities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1154. [PMID: 28961214 PMCID: PMC5664655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Metals are one of five major categories of carcinogenic or toxic constituents in tobacco and tobacco smoke. Cadmium is highly volatile and a higher percentage of the total tobacco cadmium content is efficiently transferred to mainstream tobacco smoke than many other toxic metals in tobacco. Inhaled cadmium bioaccumulates in the lungs and is distributed beyond the lungs to other tissues, with a total body biological half-life of one to two decades. Chronic cadmium exposure through tobacco use elevates blood and urine cadmium concentrations. Cadmium is a carcinogen, and an inducer of proinflammatory immune responses. Elevated exposure to cadmium is associated with reduced pulmonary function, obstructive lung disease, bronchogenic carcinoma, cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, and various oral pathologies. Cadmium and zinc have a toxicologically inverse relationship. Zinc is an essential element and is reportedly antagonistic to some manifestations of cadmium toxicity. This review summarizes associations between blood, urine, and tissue cadmium concentrations with emphasis on cadmium exposure due to tobacco use and several disease states. Available data about zinc and cadmium/zinc ratios and tobacco-related diseases is summarized from studies reporting smoking status. Collectively, data suggest that blood, urine, and tissue cadmium and cadmium/zinc ratios are often significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers and they are also different in smokers for several diseases and cancers. Additional biomonitoring data such as blood or serum and urine zinc and cadmium levels and cadmium/zinc ratios in smokers may provide further insight into the development and progression of diseases of the lung, cardiovascular system, and possibly other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Richter
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Obaid Faroon
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - R Steven Pappas
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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Sandsveden M, Manjer J. Selenium and breast cancer risk: A prospective nested case-control study on serum selenium levels, smoking habits and overweight. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1741-1750. [PMID: 28681438 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has not been conclusive regarding the association between selenium (Se) and breast cancer. This study was conducted to clarify if there is an association between prediagnostic serum Se levels and breast cancer risk. A population based cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, was used and linked with the Swedish cancer registry up to 31 December 2013. Our study included 1,186 women with breast cancer and an equal number of controls. Selenium levels were analysed from stored serum samples. The included individuals were divided into quartiles based on Se value and we compared breast cancer cases with controls using logistic regression yielding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Serum Se was also analysed as a continuous variable regarding breast cancer risk. The analyses were adjusted for established risk factors and stratified on smoking status and body mass index (BMI). When comparing the highest Se quartile with the lowest, the adjusted OR for breast cancer was 0.98 (0.75-1.26). With selenium as a continuous variable the adjusted OR was 1.00 (1.00-1.01) per 10 ng/ml. When comparing the highest with the lowest Se quartile in women with BMI > 25 kg/m2 the adjusted OR was 0.77 (0.53-1.14). We conclude that it is unlikely that prediagnostic serum selenium is overall associated with breast cancer risk and no modifying effect from BMI or smoking was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Qiu Q, Zhang F, Zhu W, Wu J, Liang M. Copper in Diabetes Mellitus: a Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Plasma and Serum Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:53-63. [PMID: 27785738 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an important trace element involved in oxidative stress, which is associated with the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, clinical studies comparing plasma or serum Cu levels in patients with DM and in healthy individuals report conflicting findings. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we analyzed the circulating levels of Cu associated with DM (including type 1 diabetes mellitus [T1DM] and type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]). We searched the articles indexed in PubMed, OVID, and Cochrane databases, published through January 2016 and meeting our predefined criteria. Requisite data were extracted, and a random-effect model or a fixed-effect model was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Fifteen eligible studies involving a total of 1079 DM patients and 561 healthy controls were identified. Overall, the DM patients showed higher Cu levels than the healthy controls (plasma Cu mean difference [MD] = 1.69 μmol/L, p < 0.0001; serum Cu MD = 4.06 μmol/L, p = 0.005; plasma and serum Cu MD = 2.67 μmol/L, p = 0.006). Stratification based on the type of diabetes also indicated higher levels of Cu in the plasma and serum of DM patients than in healthy controls, respectively. Stratification of DM patients associated with and without complications also revealed similar results. This meta-analysis suggests that DM patients carried higher levels of Cu than healthy individuals. However, international cohort studies are needed to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74 Zhongshan Sencond Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fuping Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74 Zhongshan Sencond Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74 Zhongshan Sencond Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74 Zhongshan Sencond Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 56 Lingyuan West Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, No. 74 Zhongshan Sencond Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Chéruel F, Jarlier M, Sancho-Garnier H. Effect of cigarette smoke on gustatory sensitivity, evaluation of the deficit and of the recovery time-course after smoking cessation. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:15. [PMID: 28261024 PMCID: PMC5329949 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-017-0120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Study results have shown that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke affects the taste function in humans. However, neither the quantitative impact on taste sensitivity nor the time-course of taste recovery on stopping smoking have been precisely examined. METHODS The experimental design included 2 phases, (i) a case-control phase comparing the taste sensitivity level measured by Electrogustometric (EGM) thresholds from various parts of the tongue (locus) between smokers (n = 83) and non-smokers (n = 48), (ii) a follow-up study looking at the taste sensitivity recovery in smokers after smoking cessation (n = 24) and compared with non-smokers. RESULTS Smokers exhibited significantly lower taste sensitivity than non-smokers - the higher the nicotine dependence (Fagerström scores), the lower the taste sensitivity. After smoking cessation, EGM thresholds decreased progressively, and reached the taste sensitivity range of non-smokers depending on locus and time. After 2 weeks a recovery could be observed on the 3 Tip and the 2 edge loci; the recovery in the posterior loci was complete after 9 weeks, and in the dorsal loci recovery was observed only after 2 months or more. CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation does lead to a rapid recovery of taste sensitivity among smokers, with recovery time found to differ based on the sensitivity of loci of the tongue. The use of EGM could potentially be explored as a motivational tool for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Chéruel
- Fondation JDB Prévention Cancer, Espace Prévention Santé Antéïa, 2/4 rue du Mont Louvet, 91640 Fontenay Lès Briis, France
- Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405 France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Biometrics Unit, ICM - Montpellier Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Sancho-Garnier
- Fondation JDB Prévention Cancer, Espace Prévention Santé Antéïa, 2/4 rue du Mont Louvet, 91640 Fontenay Lès Briis, France
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Cole SB, Langkamp-Henken B, Bender BS, Findley K, Herrlinger-Garcia KA, Uphold CR. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity in Smoking and Nonsmoking Men With HIV/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Nutr Clin Pract 2017; 20:662-7. [PMID: 16306304 DOI: 10.1177/0115426505020006662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past studies document decreased levels of antioxidants and selenium and increased levels of oxidative stress in people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Cigarette smoking is another source of oxidative stress. Excessive oxidative stress can induce HIV replication, resulting in disease progression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether subjects with HIV/AIDS who smoke cigarettes have increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant status compared with nonsmokers with HIV/AIDS. METHODS Thirty-one men with HIV/AIDS (adhering to highly active antiretroviral therapy for the previous 3 months) were recruited during regular visits to a Veterans Affairs Medical Center Infectious Disease Clinic in a southeastern US city. Plasma was obtained from a 1-time blood draw for this comparison study. Plasma lipid peroxide (LPO) was used as a marker of oxidative stress. Indicators of antioxidant capacity included plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx, the functional indicator of selenium status), vitamin C, and antioxidant potential (AOP). RESULTS Fifteen smokers and 10 nonsmokers with HIV/AIDS were enrolled. Median plasma LPO level was above the normal range of 0-1.3 micromol/L in both nonsmokers (2.5 [0-23.4] micromol/L, median [range]) and smokers (4.0 [0-47.5] micromol/L), but there was no difference between groups. Plasma GPx concentration was significantly lower in smokers (169 [118-295] mumol/min/L) compared with nonsmokers (197 [149-414] micromol/min/L). Vitamin C and AOP levels were not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that effects of smoking on oxidative stress are not additive, as no striking differences were observed in oxidative stress or antioxidant capacity between clinically stable smoking and nonsmoking men with HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne B Cole
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Kim H, Shin C, Baik I. Associations between Lifestyle Factors and Iron Overload in Korean Adults. Clin Nutr Res 2016; 5:270-278. [PMID: 27812516 PMCID: PMC5093224 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2016.5.4.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that iron overload, which indicates the accumulation of iron, generates cellular reactive oxygens and causes peroxide damages to the body. Such oxidative stresses, in a broader context, are also caused by lifestyles such as alcohol consumption and smoking. However, there are limited data on the association between these lifestyle factors and internal iron overload. In present study, we evaluated associations between lifestyle factors, such as smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity, and serum markers of iron overload. In a population-based cross-sectional study including 2,347 Korean men and women aged 49–79 years, we assessed serum transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels and defined iron overload as TSAT levels > 50% for men and > 45% for women. After excluding persons with chronic diseases and iron deficiency, multivariate odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to evaluate associations between lifestyle factors and iron overload in 1,973 participants. In all participants, we examined a significantly positive association between heavy alcohol consumption (> 30 g/day) and iron overload; heavy drinkers showed 1.6-fold higher OR (95% CI, 1.11–2.36) than non-drinkers. Stratified analysis by sex showed that this association was significant only among men. In addition, we observed a potential association between heavy smoking > 10 cigarettes/day and iron overload (p = 0.07). In stratified analysis by sex, we examined a significant association between smoking and iron overload only among women; former or current smokers had 1.9-fold higher OR (95% CI, 1.01–3.63) than never-smoker. Our findings suggest that heavy alcohol consumption and smoking may worsen iron accumulation in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjo Kim
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, Korea
| | - Inkyung Baik
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Kookmin University, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul 02707, Korea
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45
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Mahasneh AA, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Ambrosone CB, Hong CC. Lifestyle predictors of oxidant and antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant capacity in healthy women: a cross-sectional study. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:745-762. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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46
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Langford-Smith A, Tilakaratna V, Lythgoe PR, Clark SJ, Bishop PN, Day AJ. Age and Smoking Related Changes in Metal Ion Levels in Human Lens: Implications for Cataract Formation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147576. [PMID: 26794210 PMCID: PMC4721641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cataract formation is the primary cause of blindness worldwide and although treatable by surgical removal of the lens the majority of sufferers have neither the finances nor access to the medical facilities required. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cataract may identify new therapeutic targets to prevent or slow its progression. Cataract incidence is strongly correlated with age and cigarette smoking, factors that are often associated with accumulation of metal ions in other tissues. Therefore this study evaluated the age-related changes in 14 metal ions in 32 post mortem human lenses without known cataract from donors of 11 to 82 years of age by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; smoking-related changes in 10 smokers verses 14 non-smokers were also analysed. A significant age-related increase in selenium and decrease in copper ions was observed for the first time in the lens tissue, where cadmium ion levels were also increased as has been seen previously. Aluminium and vanadium ions were found to be increased in smokers compared to non-smokers (an analysis that has only been carried out before in lenses with cataract). These changes in metal ions, i.e. that occur as a consequence of normal ageing and of smoking, could contribute to cataract formation via induction of oxidative stress pathways, modulation of extracellular matrix structure/function and cellular toxicity. Thus, this study has identified novel changes in metal ions in human lens that could potentially drive the pathology of cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Langford-Smith
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Viranga Tilakaratna
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Lythgoe
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Clark
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul N Bishop
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Jenifer HD, Bhola S, Kalburgi V, Warad S, Kokatnur VM. The influence of cigarette smoking on blood and salivary super oxide dismutase enzyme levels among smokers and nonsmokers-A cross sectional study. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 5:100-5. [PMID: 26151019 PMCID: PMC4488049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the influence of smoking on blood and salivary superoxide dismutase enzyme levels among smokers, and to demonstrate the significant alterations in the levels of superoxide dismutase in association with patient age, periodontal disease status, smoking duration, and smoking frequency. This study also aimed to evaluate the use of saliva as a biological fluid for disease diagnosis. Ninety males aged 25–56 years were selected and included 30 smokers, 30 nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis, and 30 healthy controls. Clinical parameters such as the gingival index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss were recorded. Blood and saliva samples were collected and superoxide dismutase enzyme levels were analyzed using spectrophotometric assay. Superoxide dismutase enzyme levels in the blood and saliva were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers and the controls (p < 0.05). A significant correlation existed between superoxide dismutase levels and clinical parameters. There was also a significant positive correlation between blood and salivary superoxide dismutase levels among the three groups. Systemic and local antioxidant status is affected by periodontal disease and by the impact of smoking. The increased blood and salivary superoxide dismutase enzyme levels in smokers may be an adaptive defense mechanism to counteract the increased reactive oxygen species production induced by smoking. This study emphasizes the importance of saliva as an easy noninvasive tool in diagnosing patients who are more prone to precancerous lesions and conditions, and its importance in patient education and motivation programs for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haziel Diana Jenifer
- Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental college and hospital, Yenepoya Unversity, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Sarthak Bhola
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Sukhmani Dental college and hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India
| | - Veena Kalburgi
- P.M. Nadagouda Memorial Dental college, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivaraj Warad
- P.M. Nadagouda Memorial Dental college, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijayalaxmi M Kokatnur
- Department of Periodontics, P.M. Nadagouda Memorial dental college, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
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Uysalol M, Uysalol EP, Yilmaz Y, Parlakgul G, Ozden TA, Ertem HV, Omer B, Uzel N. Serum level of vitamin D and trace elements in children with recurrent wheezing: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2014; 14:270. [PMID: 25318349 PMCID: PMC4286924 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to show the relationship between recurrence of wheezing and serum levels of vitamin D, zinc, and copper in wheezy children compared with a healthy group. Methods In this cross sectional study, seventy-three children with wheezing and seventy-five controls were included without a follow-up period. The clinical characteristics of the children were assessed, the asthma predictive index and temporal pattern of wheeze were determined. The serum levels of vitamin D, zinc, and copper were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between homogeneously distributed variables. Results Thirty-two of the seventy-three children (43.8%) had more than three wheezing attacks (recurrent wheezing). The Asthma Predictive Index index was positive in 26 patients (35.6%). When classified to temporal pattern of wheeze, fifty-three of the study group (72.6%) had episodic wheezing and the remainder (27.4%) was classified as multiple-trigger wheezing. We found no overall significant difference between the study and control group in terms of vitamin D and trace elements . The vitamin D and zinc levels were significantly lower and serum copper and copper/zinc ratio was significantly higher in patients with recurrent wheezing (p =0.03, p <0.01, p =0.013, p <0.01, respectively) positive Asthma Predictive Index and multiple-trigger temporal pattern of wheeze compared with patients with non- recurrent wheezing, negative Asthma Predictive Index and episodic temporal pattern of wheeze. Conclusion It may be postulated that for the determination of asthma risk in patients with recurrent wheezing, the serum level of vitamin D, copper and zinc can be used as a routine biomarker alongside the Asthma Predictive Index and temporal pattern of wheeze.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Uysalol
- Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Carneiro MFH, Rhoden CR, Amantéa SL, Barbosa F. Low concentrations of selenium and zinc in nails are associated with childhood asthma. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 144:244-52. [PMID: 21607705 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate possible associations between Zn, Se, Cu, Mn, and Co concentrations in nails and asthma in a young population from a Southern Brazil city. Additionally, correlations between these chemical elements among asthmatic and non-asthmatic children were evaluated. Before nail collection (n = 165), children were asked to complete the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The concentrations of trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between element concentrations in nails and the respiratory outcome. To evaluate correlations between the elements, we used the Spearman correlation test. For all tests, the significance level was set at 95% (P ≤ 0.05). Children included in the highest quartile of nail Se and Zn concentration presented a fivefold decrease in the prevalence ratio of asthma while children in the lowest Se range presented an almost 2.5-fold increase in the asthma prevalence ratio. There were weak to strong correlations between Cu vs. Zn, Cu vs. Co, Cu vs. Se, Zn vs. Se, Zn vs. Mn, and Mn vs. Co in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic children. Interestingly, non-asthmatics also presented correlations between Co vs. Se and Zn. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrated an association between concentrations of selenium and zinc and childhood asthma and the usefulness of nail as a noninvasive matrix to detect minerals imbalance in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Lakhdar R, Denden S, Mouhamed MH, Chalgoum A, Leban N, Knani J, Lefranc G, Miled A, Ben Chibani J, Khelil AH. Correlation of EPHX1, GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms with antioxidative stress markers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exp Lung Res 2011; 37:195-204. [PMID: 21309732 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2010.535093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to ascertain if a relationship existed between oxidative status and polymorphisms of microsomal epoxide hydrolase X1 (EPHX1), glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), GSTM1, and GSTT1 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and plasma GST activities and total antioxidant status (TAS) as antioxidative stress markers were determined and compared either with individual and combined genotypes of EPHX1 exon 3, GSTP1 exon 5, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms in COPD patients and healthy controls from the central area of Tunisia. Statistical data processing revealed significantly lower GSH-px, GR, SOD, CAT, GST, and TAS values in COPD patients in comparison to the control group (P < .001). As for genotypes, there was a no significant association in each of the 6 parameters and individual genotypes (P > .05). A significant correlation between the studied parameters and combined null GSTM1/null GSTT1 (GSH-px: P < .001, GR: P = .026, CAT: P = .018, GST: P = .022, TAS: P = .046), His113His EPHX1/null GSTM1 (GSH-px: P = .001, GST: P = .0012, TAS: P = .013), His113His EPHX1/Val105Val GSTP1 (GSH-px: P = .048, CAT: P = .026, GST: P = .031), and null GSTM1/Val105Val GSTP1 (GSH-px: P = .011, GR: P = .0028, GST: P = .0054, TAS: P = .032) was found in patients. In conclusion, combined genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and EPHX1 may have favorable effects on redox balance in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Lakhdar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, Tunisia.
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