1
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Tong R, Li Y, Yu X, Zhang N, Liao Q, Pan L. The mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage and apoptosis in hemocytes of Litopenaeus vannamei under ammonia nitrogen exposure. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106958. [PMID: 38776609 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia-N poses a significant threat to aquatic animals. However, the mechanism of ROS production leading to DNA damage in hemocytes of crustaceans is still unclear. Additionally, the mechanism that cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex signaling networks has not been well studied. Therefore, we exposed shrimp to 0, 2, 10, and 20 mg/L NH4Cl for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and explored the alterations in endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fission, DNA damage, repair, autophagy and apoptosis. The findings revealed that ammonia exposure led to an increase in plasma ammonia content and neurotransmitter content (DA, 5-HT, ACh), and significant changes in gene expression of PLC and Ca2+ levels. The expression of disulfide bond formation-related genes (PDI, ERO1) and mitochondrial fission-related genes (Drp1, FIS1) were significantly increased, and the unfolded protein response was initiated. Simultaneously, ammonia-N exposure leads to an increase in ROS levels in hemocytes, resulting in DNA damage. DNA repair and autophagy were considerably influenced by ammonia-N exposure, as evidenced by changes in DNA repair and autophagy-related genes in hemocytes. Subsequently, apoptosis was induced by ammonia-N exposure, and this activation was associated with a caspase-dependent pathway and caspase-independent pathway, ultimately leading to a decrease in total hemocytes count. Overall, we hypothesized that neurotransmitters in the plasma of shrimp after ammonia-N exposure bind to receptors on hemocytes membrane, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress through the PLC-IP3R-Ca2+ signaling pathway and leading to mitochondrial fission. Consequently, this process resulted in increased ROS levels, hindered DNA repair, suppressed autophagy, and activated apoptosis. These cascading effects ultimately led to a reduction in total hemocytes count. The present study provides a molecular support for the understanding of the detrimental toxicity of ammonia-N exposure to crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qilong Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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2
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Zhou M, Zhang C, Wang F, Hao P, Cheng Y. Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and gene expression in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposure to ethiprole. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27679-27688. [PMID: 38517630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the potential ecotoxicity of ethiprole and early warning to earthworms (Eisenia fetida), different concentrations (0 mg·kg-1, 416 mg·kg-1, 625 mg·kg-1, and 1000 mg·kg-1) of ethiprole were added to artificial soil. The key bioindicators were measured and screened at 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days. The results show that the activity of catalase (CAT) was inhibited for all treatments during the whole exposure period. Besides, the olive tail moment (OTM) value increased gradually as the concentration got higher, which exhibited a dose-time-dependent relationship. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene reached the maximum on the 7th day. Mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA (l-rRNA) subunit gene was always in a downregulated state as the concentration increased. Our results show that different concentrations of ethiprole induced certain oxidative stress, DNA damage, and genotoxicity in earthworms. The CAT activity, OTM, and SOD gene could be the most sensitive biomarkers to monitor the toxicity of ethiprole in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
- Gansu Yasheng Potato Group Chemical Limited, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Fuhao Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Peipei Hao
- Tianjin Lüheng Chemical Company Limited, Tianjin, 300270, China
| | - Youpu Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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3
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Wang Q, Tang J, Pan L, Song A, Miao J, Zheng X, Li Z. Study on epigenotoxicity, sex hormone synthesis, and DNA damage of benzo[a]pyrene in the testis of male Ruditapes philippinarum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169340. [PMID: 38110097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Research on the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity caused by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in marine animals has received significant attention. One group of typical POPs, called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), has been found to cause various reproductive toxicities in aquatic organisms, including epigenotoxicity, reproductive endocrine disruption, DNA damage effects and other reproductive toxicity, thereby affecting gonadal development. Interestingly, male aquatic animals are more susceptible to the disturbance and toxicity of environmental pollutants. However, current studies primarily focus on vertebrates, leaving a large gap in our understanding of the reproductive toxicity and mechanisms of PAHs interference in marine invertebrates. In this study, male Ruditapes philippinarum was used as an experimental subject to investigate reproduction-related indexes in clams under the stress of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) at different concentrations (0, 0.8, 4 and 20 μg/L) during the proliferative, growth, maturity, and spawning period. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms of reproductive toxicity caused by PAHs in marine bivalves, specifically epigenotoxicity, reproductive endocrine disruption, and gonadal damage-apoptotic effect. The results suggest that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in mediating B[a]P-induced reproductive toxicity in male R. philippinarum. B[a]P may affect sex hormone levels, impede spermatogenesis and testis development in clams, by inhibiting the steroid hormone synthesis pathway and downregulating genes critical for cell proliferation, testis development, and spermatid expulsion. Moreover, the spermatids of male R. philippinarum were severely impaired under the B[a]P stress, leading to reduced reproductive performance in the clams. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the reproductive toxicity response of male marine invertebrates to POPs stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jian Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Aimin Song
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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4
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Zheng X, Tang J, Song A, Zhou Y, Miao J, Li Z, Pan L. Study on reproductive endocrine disturbance and DNA damage mechanism of female Ruditapes philippinarum under Benzo[a]pyrene stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122844. [PMID: 37918772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic organisms has attracted increasing attention from scholars. Currently, research in this field primarily focuses on vertebrates such as zebrafish and other model species. However, there is still a significant knowledge gap in the toxicity of PAHs to invertebrates and its potential mechanisms. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is one of the most representative PAHs. In this study, female Ruditapes philippinarum (R. philippinarum) was treated with B[a]P concentrations of 0, 0.8, 4, and 20 μg/L to investigate reproductive indicators in the proliferative, growth, mature, and spawn stages. Transcriptomics was used to investigate the expression of genes associated with the reproductive endocrine system, DNA repair, autophagy, apoptosis, and ovarian development at different reproductive stages. Our results suggested that B[a]P disrupted the endocrine system by interfering with the production of steroid hormones and the transmission of estrogen signals in female R. philippinarum. The structure of the ovarian DNA duplex is severely damaged under the stress of B[a]P, and a series of cellular responses caused by DNA damage are also interfered. Additionally, we observed a reduction in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and mature oocytes numbers after B[a]P exposed. Tissue section indicated that severe damage to the ovarian structure at mature and spawn stages. In conclusion, this study combined transcriptomic and toxicological to explore the negative effects on ovarian development induced by B[a]P, focusing on reproductive endocrine disturbance and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jian Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Aimin Song
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Zhou Y, Xu R, Gao Z, Miao J, Pan L. Insights into mechanism of DNA damage and repair-apoptosis in digestive gland of female scallop Chlamys farreri under benzo[a]pyrene exposure during reproductive stage. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 273:109738. [PMID: 37661044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most carcinogenic persistent organic pollutants (POPs), benzo[a]pyrene (B [a]P) brings high toxicity to marine bivalves. Digestive gland is the most important metabolism-related organ of aquatic animals. This study conducted the digestive gland transcriptome of Chlamys farreri under B[a]P treatment at reproductive stages. And the reproductive-stage dependence metabolism-DNA repair-apoptosis process of scallops under 0, 0.04, 0.4 and 4 μg/L B[a]P was studied by qRT-PCR. The results demonstrated that the detoxification metabolism was disturbed after ovulation except for CYP3A4. In antioxidant system, antioxidant enzyme CAT and GPX, and GGT1 (one of the non-enzymatic antioxidants synthesis gene) continuously served the function of antioxidant defense. Three types of DNA repair were activated under B[a]P stress, however, DNA strand breaks were still serious. B[a]P exposure weakened death receptor pathway as well as enhanced mitochondrial pathway, surprisingly suppressing apoptosis in scallops. In addition, ten indicators were screened by Spearman correlation analysis. This study will provide sound theoretical basis for bivalve toxicology and contribute to the biomonitoring of marine POPs pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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6
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Zhang N, Pan L, Liao Q, Tong R, Li Y. Potential molecular mechanism underlying the harmed haemopoiesis upon Benzo[a]pyrene exposure in Chlamys farreri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109032. [PMID: 37640119 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a ubiquitous contamination in the marine environments, has the potential to impact the immune response of bivalves by affecting the hemocyte parameters, especially total hemocyte count (THC). THC is mainly determined by haematopoietic mechanisms and apoptosis of hemocytes. Many studies have found that B[a]P can influence the proliferation and differentiation of hemocytes. However, the link between the toxic mechanisms of haematopoietic and environmental pollutants is not explicitly stated. This study is to investigate the toxic effects of B[a]P on haematopoietic mechanisms in C. farreri. Through the tissue expression distribution experiment and EDU assay, gill is identified as a potential haematopoietic tissue in C. farreri. Subsequently, the scallops were exposed to B[a]P (0.05, 0.5, 5 μg/L) for 1d, 3d, 6d, 10d and 15d. Then BPDE content, DNA damage, gene expression of haematopoietic factors and haematopoietic related pathways were determined in gill and hemocytes. The results showed that the expression of CDK2 was significantly decreased under B[a]P exposure through three pathways: RYR/IP3-calcium, BPDE-CHK1 and Notch pathway, resulting in cell cycle arrest. In addition, B[a]P also significantly reduced the number of proliferating hemocytes by affecting the Wnt pathway. Meanwhile, B[a]P can significantly increase the content of ROS, causing a downregulation of FOXO gene expression. The gene expression of Notch pathway and ERK pathway was also detected. The present study suggested that B[a]P disturbed differentiation by multiple pathways. Furthermore, the expression of SOX11 and CD9 were significantly decreased, which directly indicated that differentiation of hemocytes was disturbed. In addition, phagocytosis, phenoloxidase activity and THC were also significant decreased. In summary, the impairment of haematopoietic activity in C. farreri further causes immunotoxicity under B[a]P exposure. This study will improve our understanding of the immunotoxicity mechanism of bivalve under B[a]P exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Qilong Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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7
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Li Y, Tong R, Li Z, Zhang X, Pan L, Li Y, Zhang N. Toxicological mechanism of ammonia-N on haematopoiesis and apoptosis of haemocytes in Litopenaeus vannamei. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163039. [PMID: 36966842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia, as an important pollutant, contributed to the reduction of immunity, disruption of physiology in animals. RNA interference (RNAi) was performed to understand the function of astakine (AST) in haematopoiesis and apoptosis in Litopenaeus vannamei under ammonia-N exposure. Shrimps were exposed to 20 mg/L ammonia-N from 0 to 48 h with injection of 20 μg AST dsRNA. Further, shrimps were exposed to 0, 2, 10 and 20 mg/L ammonia-N also from 0 to 48 h. The results showed that the total haemocytes count (THC) decreased under ammonia-N stress and the knockdown of AST resulted in a further decrease of THC, suggesting that 1) the proliferation was decreased through the reduction of AST and Hedgehog, the differentiation was interfered by Wnt4, Wnt5 and Notch, and the migration was inhibited by the decrease of VEGF; 2) oxidative stress was induced under ammonia-N stress, leading to the increase of DNA damage with the up-regulated gene expression of death receptor, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways; 3) the changes of THC resulted from the decrease of proliferation, differentiation and migration of haematopoiesis cells and the increase of apoptosis of haemocytes. This study helps to deepen our understanding of risk management in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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Dash MK, Rahman MS. Molecular and biochemical responses to tributyltin (TBT) exposure in the American oyster: Triggers of stress-induced oxidative DNA damage and prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance in tissues by TBT. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109523. [PMID: 36427667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution increases due to anthropogenic activities. Toxic chemicals in the environment affect the health of aquatic organisms. Tributyltin (TBT) is a toxic chemical widely used as an antifouling paint on boats, hulls, and ships. The toxic effect of TBT is well documented in aquatic organisms; however, little is known about the effects of TBT on DNA lesions in shellfish. The American oyster (Crassostrea virginica, an edible and commercially important species) is an ideal marine mollusk to examine the effects of TBT exposure on DNA lesions and oxidative/nitrative stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of TBT on 8'-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a biomarker of pro-mutagenic DNA lesion), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), dinitrophenyl protein (DNP, a biomarker on reactive oxygen species, ROS), 3-nitrotyrosine protein (NTP, a biomarker of reactive nitrogen species, RNS), catalase (CAT, an antioxidant), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, a cholinergic enzyme) expressions in the gills and digestive glands of oysters. We also analyzed extrapallial (EF) fluid conditions. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR results showed that TBT exposure significantly increased 8-OHdG, dsDNA, DNP, NTP, and CAT mRNA and/or protein expressions in the gills and digestive glands. However, AChE mRNA and protein expressions, and EP fluid pH and protein concentrations were decreased in TBT-exposed oysters. Taken together, these results suggest that antifouling biocide-induced production of ROS/RNS results in DNA damage, which may lead to decreased cellular functions in oysters. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the first molecular/biochemical evidence that TBT exposure results in oxidative/nitrative stress and DNA lesions in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Dash
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA; Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.
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9
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Qi R, Xiao G, Miao J, Zhou Y, Li Z, He Z, Zhang N, Song A, Pan L. Study on the toxic effects of sodium pentachlorophenol (PCP-Na) on razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 183:105845. [PMID: 36525829 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Currently, research on toxic effects of PCP Na is greatly insufficient. The aim of this study is to explore the toxic effects of PCP-Na for better conducting future work on PCP-Na toxicology. For this purpose, S. constricta adults were exposed to PCP-Na for toxicity testing. The results showed that PCP-Na could easily bioaccumulate in S. constricta and significantly affected both phrase I and II metabolism enzymes. Meanwhile, PCP-Na strongly activated antioxidant system and caused PC, LPO and DNA damage. In addition, neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity of PCP-Na was demonstrated in this study. Interestingly, we observed that PCP-Na significantly affected the expression of genes of electron transport chain and induced key enzymes of glycolysis, indicating that PCP-Na may act as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, interfering with energy supply and causing energy compensation. This study is the first to fully analyze and provide a new perspective on the toxicity of PCP-Na.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Xiao
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, 325005, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Zhiheng He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Aimin Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, PR China.
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10
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Bi Y, Chen W, Miao J, Pan L, Li D. Bioaccumulation, Detoxification, and Biological Macromolecular Damage of Benzo[a]pyrene in Exposure in Tissues and Subcellular Fractions of Scallop Chlamys farreri. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:2353-2364. [PMID: 35751451 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of the persistence and high toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), the bioaccumulation and detoxification mechanisms of B[a]P have been studied extensively at the tissue level; but the data at the subcellular level in bivalves have not been reported. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of B[a]P exposure on bioaccumulation, detoxification, and biomacromolecular damage in gills, digestive glands, and their subcellular fractions of the scallop Chlamys farreri. The subcellular fraction contains cytoplasm, mitochondria, microsome, nucleus, cell membrane, and overall organelle. The results demonstrated that B[a]P accumulation showed a clear time-dose effect. Based on the time-dependent accumulation of B[a]P in subcellular fractions, we speculated that the intracellular migration order of B[a]P was cell membrane, organelle, and nucleus in turn. Considering the difference of B[a]P accumulation may be related to B[a]P metabolism, we have further confirmed that the activities of B[a]P metabolizing enzymes in scallop tissues and subcellular fractions were significantly tempted by B[a]P (p < 0.05), including 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (increased), glutathione-S-transferase (GST; decreased), and superoxide dismutase (increased). First, GST was detected in bivalve cytoplasm and microsome. Second, B[a]P exposure also caused biomacromolecules damage. The results demonstrated that mitochondria and microsome were more vulnerable to lipid peroxidation than cell membrane and nucleus. Taken together, the present study fills some of the gaps in our knowledge of the bioaccumulation and detoxification mechanisms of C. farreri exposed to B[a]P in subcellular fractions and deeply explores the transportation and the main metabolic and damage sites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cells, which helped us to comprehensively understand the toxic mechanism of PAHs on bivalves. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2353-2364. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Bi
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
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Sha J, Jian X, Yu Q, Wei M, Li X, Zhao L, Qi Y. Exposure to BDE-47 and BDE-209 impaired antioxidative defense mechanisms in Brachionus plicatilis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135152. [PMID: 35649441 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that pose serious challenges to aquatic animals and environments. Compared with BDE-47 which was one of the most toxic congeners known to date, BDE-209 is less toxic with higher abundance in biotic and abiotic samples. In this study, we have explored the effects of BDE-47 and BDE-209 at different concentrations on the radical oxygen species (ROS) levels and the antioxidant defense system of Brachionus plicatilis. Antioxidant indexes were measured, including total protein content (TSP), the activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. The results indicated that while low concentrations of PBDEs could activate the antioxidant defense mechanisms, prolonged exposure to higher concentrations of PBDEs could impair the antioxidative capacity of B.plicatilis (P < 0.05). The overwhelming of the B.plicatilis antioxidant defense mechanism led to an accumulation of free radicals, resulting in the overactivation of lipid peroxidation and the increased frequency of DNA damage (P < 0.05). By studying the toxicity of PBDEs and the detoxification mechanism of B.plicatilis, our research has revealed useful indexes for detecting and monitoring the level of BDE-47 and BDE-209 in the future. Altogether, this study holds immense value in the field of ecotoxicology and environmental safety and will aid in the proper management of PBDEs pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sha
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jian
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Qingyun Yu
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Miao Wei
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Ludan Zhao
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Yanping Qi
- North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning and Protection of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266033, China.
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12
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Qi R, Pan L, Liu T, Li Z. Source risk, ecological risk, and bioeffect assessment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay of Shandong Peninsula, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56705-56726. [PMID: 35347599 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to incorporate the contribution of pollution sources to ecological risks into environmental monitoring, positive matrix factorization-risk quotient (PMF-RQ) was used to quantify the contribution of different PAH sources to ecological risks, which indicated that the unburned petroleum, vehicular emissions, and diesel combustion were the main sources of PAHs in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay, and they were caused by petrochemical industry, maritime shipping, and urban traffic exhaust as the major sources of PAHs for ecological risk. Meanwhile, integrated biomarker response (IBR) and multi-biomarker pollution index (MPI) suggested that September was the most polluted month for PAHs in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay and the pollution in Laizhou Bay was significantly higher than that in Jiaozhou Bay. This research was dedicated to explore the monitoring pattern for PAH pollution from the source to bioeffects, and it may have contributed a scientific support to monitoring and governance of marine PAH pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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13
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Zhou M, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhang M. Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and gene expression induced by flufiprole enantiomers in the earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 257:109341. [PMID: 35381367 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate flufiprole enantiomers ecotoxicology and early warning to earthworms in the soil, the effect of flufiprole enantiomers on the activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, DNA damage and expression level of target genes (SOD, TCTP, l-rRNA, and HSP90) have been investigated. Compared to the controls, the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, and MDA content were first inhibited and then stimulated by all concentrations of flufiprole enantiomers in 28 days. The olive tail moment (OTM) value was maximum on the 14th day, then decreased gradually, and the higher the concentration, the slower the decrease. The expression level of the SOD and TCTP genes increased first and then decreased. In conclusion, the toxicity of flufiprole enantiomers to earthworms is: R-(+)- flufiprole >Rac-(±)- flufiprole >S-(-)- flufiprole. The SOD could be the key biomarker for monitoring the risk of flufiprole enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Youpu Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
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14
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Xu R, Pan L, Zhou Y, Gao Z, Miao J, Yang Y, Li D. Reproductive toxicity induced by benzo[a]pyrene exposure: first exploration highlighting the multi-stage molecular mechanism in female scallop Chlamys farreri. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48675-48693. [PMID: 35195870 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19235-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive toxicity induced by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) exposure has received great ecotoxicological concerns. However, huge gaps on the molecular mechanism still exist in bivalves. In this study, reproduction-related indicators were investigated in female scallops Chlamys farreri during life cycle of proliferative, growth, mature, and spawn stages, under gradient concentrations of B[a]P at 0, 0.04, 0.4, and 4 μg/L. Meanwhile, a multi-stage ovarian transcriptome analysis under 4 μg/L B[a]P exposure was also conducted to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that life-cycle exposure to 0.4 and 4 μg/L B[a]P significantly decreased GSI and sex steroid levels. Even 0.04 μg/L B[a]P could play the adverse role in DNA integrity at the mature and spawn stages. Ovarian histological sections showed that B[a]P inhibited the maturation and release of oocytes. Through the functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from transcriptome data, 18 genes involved in endocrine disruption effects, DNA damage and repair, and oogenesis were selected and further determined by qRT-PCR. The downregulation of genes involved in steroidogenic and estrogen signaling pathways indicated that B[a]P could cause endocrine disruption through both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent pathways. The variations of gene expressions involved in DNA single-strand break and repair implied the presence of toxic mechanisms similar with vertebrates. Additionally, the changes of gene expressions of cell cycle, apoptosis, and cell adhesion suggested that exposure to B[a]P possibly caused the reproductive toxicity effects by affecting oogenesis. Taken together, this study was a pioneer in combining genome-wide transcriptomic analysis with its corresponding reproductive indicators (GSI, sex steroid levels, DNA single-strand break, and histological sections) to explore the bivalves' toxic mechanisms under B[a]P exposure. Meanwhile, some genes involved in estrogen signaling pathway and DNA damage were firstly analyzed in bivalves, and the expression data might be useful in establishing new hypotheses and discovering new biomarkers for marine biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
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15
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Impact of P-Chloroaniline on Oxidative Stress and Biomacromolecules Damage in the Clam Ruditapes philippinarums: A Simulate Toxicity Test of Spill Incident. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095092. [PMID: 35564486 PMCID: PMC9105863 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As a hazardous chemical, p-chloroaniline (PCA) shows intensive adsorption and accumulation after entering the aquatic ecosystem, which can be enriched in organisms and cause damage. With the objective of achieving an integrated and mechanistic view of the toxic effects of PCA in the marine sentinel organism Ruditapes philippinarum, Manila clams were exposed to different concentration of PCA (0.5, 2 and 5 mg/L) for 15 days. Focusing on the gills, first targeting the toxic and digestive gland, the metabolic detoxification organ, we detected dose- and time-related changes inantioxidase activities and biomacromolecular damages in treated clams. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and glutathione (GSH) contents were significantly induced, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at the beginning of exposure and then decreased. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein methylation (PC) contents which represent lipid peroxidation and carbonylation of proteins, increased first with exposure time and then decreased in the digestive gland. DNA strand break levels were consistently higher than those in the control group. The digestive gland showed more sensitivity to the stress of PCA than the gills. GST and MDA in the gill and GST, GSH, SOD, DNA strand break level in the digestive gland showed significant correlation with PCA exposure, which indicated that these parameters can be used as sensitive biomarkers to indicate toxic effects from chloraniline leakage.
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Ivorra L, Cruzeiro C, Ramos A, Tagulao K, Cardoso PG. How can environmental conditions influence dicofol genotoxicity on the edible Asiatic clam, Meretrix meretrix? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118467. [PMID: 34748885 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic effects of dicofol on the edible clam Meretrix meretrix were investigated through a mesocosm experiment. Individuals of M. meretrix, were exposed to environmental concentration (D1 = 50 ng/L) and supra-environmental concentration (D2 = 500 ng/L) of dicofol for 15 days, followed by the same depuration period. DNA damage (i.e., strand breaks and alkali-labile sites) was evaluated at day 1, 7 and 15, during uptake and depuration, using Comet assay (alkaline version) and nuclear abnormalities (NAs) as genotoxicity biomarkers. The protective effects of dicofol against DNA damage induced by ex vivo hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure were also assessed. Comet assay results revealed no significant DNA damages under dicofol exposure, indicating 1) apparent lack of genotoxicity of dicofol to the tested conditions and/or 2) resistance of the animals due to optimal adaptation to stress conditions. Moreover, ex vivo H2O2 exposure showed an increase in the DNA damage in all the treatments without significant differences between them. However, considering only the DNA damage induced by H2O2 during uptake phase, D1 animals had significantly lower DNA damage than those from other treatments, revealing higher protection against a second stressor. NAs data showed a decrease in the % of cells with polymorphic, kidney shape, notched or lobbed nucleus, along the experiment. The combination of these results supports the idea that the clams used in the experiment were probably collected from a stressful environment (in this case Pearl River Delta region) which could have triggered some degree of adaptation to those environmental conditions, explaining the lack of DNA damages and highlighting the importance of organisms' origin and the conditions that they were exposed during their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ivorra
- Institute of Science and Environment, ISE-University of Saint Joseph, Macao
| | - Catarina Cruzeiro
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, GmbH, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Life Sciences, CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alice Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Karen Tagulao
- Institute of Science and Environment, ISE-University of Saint Joseph, Macao
| | - Patricia G Cardoso
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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17
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Tian Y, Pan L, Miao J, Lei F, Xu R, Zhang X. The mechanism of apoptosis of Chlamys farreri hemocytes under benzopyrene stress in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148731. [PMID: 34217077 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hemocytes are critical to the immune defense system of bivalves, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can mediate the immunity of bivalves by affecting the apoptosis of hemocytes. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Chlamys farreri, as an important economic bivalve, was selected as the research subject for this experimentation. The hemocytes were exposed to typical PAHs-benzopyrene (B[a]P) in vitro to explore the apoptosis mechanism through detecting oxidative stress and oxidative damage-related indicators, apoptosis pathway factors, and apoptosis rate within 24 h. The results showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) content in hemocytes increased significantly under B[a]P exposure, while antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase content and total antioxidant capacity all showed a trend of first rising and subsequent falling. B[a]P also caused serious damage to DNA and lysosomal membrane stability. The proapoptotic factors genes in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were significantly up-regulated, and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated. Besides, mitochondrial membrane potential stability was significantly reduced and caspase 9 enzyme activity was significantly improved with the B[a]P stimulation. The factors of death receptor pathway were also significantly up-regulated by B[a]P. Moreover, the expression levels of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases were also induced. The gene expression and enzyme activity of the caspase 3 and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased under B[a]P exposure. In conclusion, these results indicated that ROS was induced by B[a]P, and further triggered the oxidative stress and oxidative damage in hemocytes. B[a]P induced hemocyte apoptosis was mediated by both mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor apoptosis, and the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was affected by ROS. In addition, BPDE and MAPKs may play important roles in the B[a]P-mediated apoptosis pathway. This study deepens understanding of the apoptosis pathway and the immunotoxicity mechanism in bivalves hemocytes stimulated by persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Fengjun Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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18
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Dellali M, Hedfi A, Ali MB, Noureldeen A, Darwish H, Beyrem H, Gyedu-Ababio T, Dervishi A, Karachle PK, Boufahja F. Multi-biomarker approach in Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus as a predictor of pelago-benthic responses after exposure to Benzo[a]Pyrene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109141. [PMID: 34271163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the biomarker responses indicative of exposure to Benzo[a] Pyrene (B[a]P) in Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus. A significant increase of the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) was observed after seven days of exposure to two concentrations of B[a]P (100 and 300 μg.L-1), in the digestive gland with the lowest concentration tested. The TOSC in the gills increased notably only after the exposure to 300 μg.L-1 of B[a]P. Interestingly, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in gills and digestive gland on one hand and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in gills in the other, were positively correlated with the concentration of B[a]P with a significant induction noticed at the highest concentration. In contrast, a significant increase of the GST activity was observed in the digestive gland following the exposure of bivalves to 100 μg.L-1. In pelagic (M. galloprovincialis) or benthic (R. decussatus) bivalves, the AChE activity decreased discernibly in digestive glands and gills with the increase of B[a]P concentrations as evidence of neurotoxic effects. In clams, the exposure to B[a]P was followed by a significant increase of Malondialdehyde level (MDA) in gills and digestive gland, this does not occur in gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis at the concentration of 100 μg.L-1. Overall, the results found seems to indicate that the mussel was more suitable as a predictor tool of toxicity of B[a]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dellali
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeer Darwish
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamouda Beyrem
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | | | - Aida Dervishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Zog I, 25/1, 1001 Tirana, Albania
| | - Paraskevi K Karachle
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland waters, 46.7 Athens-Sounio Ave., P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos Attika, Greece
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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19
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Yang Y, Pan L, Zhou Y, Xu R, Miao J, Gao Z, Li D. Damages to biological macromolecules in gonadal subcellular fractions of scallop Chlamys farreri following benzo[a]pyrene exposure: Contribution to inhibiting gonadal development and reducing fertility. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117084. [PMID: 33848904 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound in marine ecosystem, has great potential for chronic toxicity to marine animals. It is becoming increasingly apparent that reproductive system is the major target of B[a]P, but the adverse effects of B[a]P on subcellular fractions in bivalve gonads have not been elucidated. Scallops Chlamys farreri are used as the experimental species since they are sensitive to environmental pollutants. This study was conducted to investigate how B[a]P affected the gonadal subcellular fractions, including plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria and microsome in scallops, and whether subcellular damages were related to reproductive toxicity. The results showed that mature gametes' counts were significantly decreased in B[a]P-treated scallops. Three biological macromolecules (viz., DNA, lipids and proteins) in gonadal subcellular fractions obtained by differential centrifugation suffered damages, including DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in B[a]P treatment groups. Interestingly, mitochondria and microsome were more vulnerable to lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation than plasma membrane and nucleus, meanwhile males were more susceptible to DNA damage than females under B[a]P exposure. In addition, histological analysis showed that B[a]P delayed gonadal development in C. farreri. To summarize, our results indicated that B[a]P caused damages to biological macromolecules in gonadal subcellular fractions and then induced damages to gonadal tissues of C. farreri, which further inhibited gonadal development and ultimately leaded to reduction in fertility. This study firstly reports the impacts of PAHs on subcellular fractions in bivalves and their relationship with reproductive toxicity. Moreover, exposure of reproductive scallops to B[a]P leads to defects in reproduction, raising concerns on the possible long-term consequences of PAHs for natural populations of bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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20
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Ding Y, Pan L, Gao G, Huang H. In vitro and in vivo immunologic potentiation of herb extracts on shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:556-566. [PMID: 33161092 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), chlorogenic acid (CGA) and berberine (BBR) on shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were studied. In vitro test showed that the combination of APS and BBR and the combination of APS and CGA have strong immune enhancement effects and no lysosomal membrane damage on hemocyte. Then, feeding experiment was proceeded to optimize the concentrations of compound herbal extracts. Four diets containing G1-G4(0.5 g kg -1 APS + 0.5 g kg -1 BBR, 1.0 g kg -1 APS +1.0 g kg -1 BBR, 0.5 g kg -1 APS +0.5 g kg -1 CGA, 1.0 g kg -1 APS + 1.0 g kg -1 CGA) associated with the control group (common diet) were compared and determined their biomolecule damage to hepatopancreas including DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl. The results indicated that G3 (0.5 g kg -1 APS +0.5 g kg -1 CGA) showed higher total hemocyte counts, phagocytic activities, antibacterial activities and bacteriolytic activities during 6 days feeding, and without biomolecule damages after 6 days post-withdrawal. Therefore, the appropriate immunostimulants formula in this study was the combination of 0.5 g kg -1 APS and 0.5 g kg-1 CGA, which was used for 6 days followed by 6 days post-withdrawal. Additionally, our study provides new support for screening composite immunostimulants formula by using primary shrimp hemocyte culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Guorui Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, PR China
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Abdel-Latif HMR, Dawood MAO, Menanteau-Ledouble S, El-Matbouli M. Environmental transformation of n-TiO 2 in the aquatic systems and their ecotoxicity in bivalve mollusks: A systematic review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110776. [PMID: 32474243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2) have been extensively used in several industrial applications and the manufacture of novel consumer products. Although strict regulations have been put in place to limit their release into the aquatic environment, these nanoparticles can still be found at elevated levels within the environment, which can result in toxic effects on exposed organisms and has possible implications in term of public health. Bivalve mollusks are a unique and ideal group of shellfish for the study and monitoring the aquatic pollution by n-TiO2 because of their filter-feeding behaviour and ability to accumulate toxicants in their tissues. In these animals, exposure to n-TiO2 leads to oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity, as well as behavioral and physiological changes. This review summarizes the uptake, accumulation, and fate of n-TiO2 in aquatic environments and the possible interactions between n-TiO2 and other contaminants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. Moreover, the toxicological impacts and mechanisms of action are discussed for a wide range of bivalve mollusks. This data underlines the pressing need for additional knowledge and future research plans for the development of control strategies to mitigate the release of n-TiO2 to the aquatic environment to prevent the toxicological impacts on bivalves and protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M R Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Behera province, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt; School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA.
| | | | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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22
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Li D, Liu T, Pan L, Hu F, Jin Q. Bioaccumulation and oxidative damage of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110558. [PMID: 32304925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the bioaccumulation and oxidative damage of Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, exposed to four selected mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; benzo (a) pyrene (BaP), benzo (a) anthracene (BaA), benzo (b) fluoranthene (BbF), and chrysene (Chr) in equal proportion. For this purpose, clams were exposed to PAHs (BaP:BbF:BaA:Chr = 1:1:1:1) at different concentrations (0.05, 0.5, and 5 μg/L) for 21 days, followed by a 15-day depuration period. All four PAHs accumulated in the gill, digestive gland, adductor muscle, and soft tissue of Manila clams, and all PAH treatment groups showed clear time and dose dependence. The decreasing order of bioaccumulation for the four PAHs in the exposure experiment was Chr > BaA > BaP > BbF. Moreover, the order of PAH bioaccumulation for the four tissues during the whole experiment was digestive gland > gill > soft tissues > adductor muscles. Although the initial concentrations of the four PAHs were the same, the final accumulated contents were different. Therefore, we also determined the detoxification processes of the four PAH mixtures in gills and digestive glands. The bioaccumulation of Chr was higher than the other three PAHs, probably because clams have a lower metabolic capacity for Chr than for BaP, BbF, and BaA. Exposure to PAH mixtures can result in oxidative damage, as indicated by the fact that DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonyl (PC) were induced significantly (P < 0.05), except in the low-dose groups of PAHs, and different trends were detected with time of exposure. According to the correlation analysis, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, glutathione s-transferase, superoxide dismutase, DNA strand break, PC, and LPO in both the gill and digestive gland are potential early indicators of PAH mixtures. We investigated the accumulation rules of R. philippinarum exposed to the selected PAHs and screened the potential biomarkers. The results of our study provide important scientific information for the purpose of monitoring marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Fengxiao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Qian Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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Li Z, Pan L, Guo R, Cao Y, Sun J. A verification of correlation between chemical monitoring and multi-biomarker approach using clam Ruditapes philippinarum and scallop Chlamys farreri to assess the impact of pollution in Shandong coastal area of China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 155:111155. [PMID: 32469775 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biogeochemical monitoring coupled with multi-biomarker approach were performed for the assessment of marine environment, using clam Ruditapes philippinarum and scallop Chlamys farreri to indicate contamination status in sediments and seawater respectively. The bivalves were collected from three stations, Jiaozhou Bay, Rushan Bay and Laizhou Bay, of Shandong coastal area. A series of contaminants (PAHs and TBBPA) and biomarkers (AhR, EROD, GST, SOD, GPx, CAT, DNA damage) were measured. Multi-biomarker pollution index (MPI) and integrated biomarker response (IBR) were carried out to evaluate contamination status and both indexes showed that Rushan Bay was most polluted, where the pollution level of sediments reached "highly polluted" in August, followed by Jiaozhou Bay and Rushan Bay which reached "lightly polluted". The correlation of IBR values with contaminants' concentrations was verified through the Pearson correlation coefficient (p < 0.05), consolidating this scientific assessment method for marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Yunhao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
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Wang H, Pan L, Zhang X, Ji R, Si L, Cao Y. The molecular mechanism of AhR-ARNT-XREs signaling pathway in the detoxification response induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in clam Ruditapes philippinarum. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109165. [PMID: 32032812 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been known primarily for its role in the regulation of several drug and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes to mitigate environmental stresses. In this study, we interfere the expression of AhR gene to investigate the mechanism of AhR signaling pathway in the detoxification and antioxidation defense system that induced by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure by RNA interference (RNAi). The gene expressions of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) were evaluated after being exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) (4 μg/L) for 5 days and the positive correlations between AhR, ARNT, HSP90 indirectly indicating that AhR may have the ability to bind to ligands such as PAHs in Ruditapes philippinarum (R. philippinarum). Besides, the activities of detoxification enzymes were determined to investigate the role of AhR signaling pathway played in the metabolic detoxification. What's more, the gene expressions of protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathway, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and antioxidant defense system indicated that AhR may regulate the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway through Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) and MAPKs, PKC signaling pathways. In conclusion, adoption of RNA interference technology to explore the role of RpAhR gene played in the detoxification and antioxidation defense system under the PAHs stress at different time points can informe molecular endpoints for application towards ecotoxicology monitoring of bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Rongwang Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lingjun Si
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yunhao Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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25
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Heredia-García G, Gómez-Oliván LM, Orozco-Hernández JM, Luja-Mondragón M, Islas-Flores H, SanJuan-Reyes N, Galar-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Dublán-García O. Alterations to DNA, apoptosis and oxidative damage induced by sucralose in blood cells of Cyprinus carpio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:411-421. [PMID: 31351285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sucralose (SUC) is an organochlorine that is used as a common sweetener in different dietary products around the world. Its extended use and production have led to this product is released into the environment in concentrations ranging from ng L-1 to μg L-1 in surface waters, groundwaters, wastewater treatment plants and ocean waters. A previous study carried out by our research team demonstrated that SUC is capable of inducing oxidative stress in Cyprinus carpio at environmentally-relevant concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate if SUC was capable of inducing alterations to DNA, apoptosis, and oxidative damage in the blood cells of C. carpio. Carps were exposed to two environmentally-relevant concentrations (0.05 and 155 μg L-1) of SUC, and the following biomarkers were determined: comet assay, micronucleus test (MN), caspase-3 activity, TUNEL assay, hydroperoxide content, lipid peroxidation level, protein carbonyl content and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Results obtained showed that SUC is capable of inducing DNA damage. A maximum increase of 35% and 23% were observed for c1 and c2, respectively in the comet assay; increases of 586% and 507.7% for c1 and c2, respectively, were found at 72 h through the MN test. The activity of caspase-3 showed a greater response for c1 and c2 at 96 h, with 271% and 493.5%, respectively. TUNEL assay also showed the highest response at 96 h, with 51.8 for c1 and 72.9 for c2; c1 y c2 were able to induce oxidative stress with the highest expression at 72 h. A correlation between DNA damage biomarkers, apoptosis and plasma levels of SUC in both concentrations were observed. With the data obtained, we can conclude that SUC, at environmentally-relevant concentrations, was capable of generating DNA alterations, apoptosis and oxidative stress in blood cells in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Heredia-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marlenee Luja-Mondragón
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Nely SanJuan-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Octavio Dublán-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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26
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Ji R, Pan L, Guo R, Zheng L, Zhang M. Using multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach to assess marine quality and health status of marine organism: a case study of Ruditapes philippinarum in Laizhou Bay, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9916-9930. [PMID: 30737722 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-04082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the progress of technology and the deepening of understanding of biological monitoring, much more attention has been paid to the multiple evaluation of marine pollution monitoring. In view of this, our study aimed at establishing a multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach to evaluate marine condition systematically and comprehensively. In the current study, sampling was conducted in Laizhou Bay, China (S1, S2, and S3) in May, August, and October of 2015. And then, multi-integrated biomarker indexes approach was applied to assess marine PAHs pollution, select appropriate biomarkers, and evaluate marine environmental quality and health status of the clams of Ruditapes philippinarum. As the results showed, S2 was the most PAHs-polluted site while S1 was the least polluted site, and the levels of tPAHs in seawater and sediments ranged from 69.78 to 315.30 ng/L and 163.19 to 565.17 ng/g d.w., respectively. And all three sampling sites had different sources of PAHs. IBR represented DNA damage (F value), the expression of SOD, EROD activity, GST activity, and LPO could be served as biomarkers to monitor the PAHs pollution in Laizhou Bay. And MPI suggested the quality of all three sites: S1 was generally favorable, S2 was moderately polluted, and S3 was lightly polluted. BRI values showed that the order of health status of R. philippinarum was S1 > S3 > S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongwang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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27
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Zha S, Shi W, Su W, Guan X, Liu G. Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-paradioxin (TCDD) hampers the host defense capability of a bivalve species, Tegillarca granosa. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:368-373. [PMID: 30502462 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Though increasing reports of deleterious impacts of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on a variety of marine organisms have been described, their effects on the host defense capability of marine bivalve mollusks remain poorly understood. In the present study we used 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) as a representative of dioxins and PCBs to investigate its impacts on the host defense capability of the blood clam, Tegillarca granosa. After exposure of clams to a range (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/L) of TCDD for 96 h, the total count, cell type composition, and phagocytic rate of haemocytes were analyzed. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, cell viability, and the extent of DNA damage of haemocytes were also investigated. Our results showed that exposure to relatively high TCDD concentrations led to significant reductions in the total count and phagocytic activity of haemocytes, which could be accounted by aggravated DNA damage and reduced cell viability. In addition, the percentage of red granulocyte was significantly decreased whereas that of basophil granulocyte was significantly increased upon high doses TCDD exposure (effective concentrations are 1 μg/L and 10 μg/L for red and basophil granulocytes, respectively). Moreover, clams exposed to TCDD had a significant higher activity of ALP, may also indicate an enhanced ability to eliminate pathogens through direct dephosphorylation process whereas a suppressed inflammatory response through indirect regulating of downstream molecular cascade reaction. These findings suggest that TCDD may hamper the host defense capability and therefore render bivalve mollusks more vulnerable to pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjie Zha
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenhao Su
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Guan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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28
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Butrimavičienė L, Stankevičiūtė M, Kalcienė V, Jokšas K, Baršienė J. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, and neurotoxic responses in Anodonta cygnea after complex metal mixture treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7627-7639. [PMID: 30666580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental effects associated with the release of various metals even at maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) to the aquatic ecosystems are evident. In the present work, time-dependent increase in accumulated metals amount in gills of Anodonta cygnea after exposure to complex metal (Zn 0.1, Cu 0.01, Ni 0.01, Cr 0.01, Pb 0.005, and Cd 0.005 mg/L, MPC accepted for the inland waters in EU) mixture at various time points (1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 28 days) was investigated. Statistically significant increase of Cu and Cd was determined in mussel's gills after 7-day exposure, in comparison to control group; moreover, significantly elevated concentration of Cu was measured and after 14-day treatment (in comparison to control and pre-exposure group). Concentrations of five (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd) out of 6 investigated metals were statistically increased in gills tissue after 28-day treatment. Moreover, complex metal mixture has demonstrated tissue- and time-dependent genotoxicity (∑Gentox) and cytotoxicity (∑Cytox) responses in mussels. After 4-day exposure, there were found the highest ∑Gentox levels in gills cells and haemocytes. Two-day treatment of mussels resulted in the highest and statistically significant induction of ∑Cytox level (in gills). Furthermore, after short-term (4 days) exposure, statistically significant inhibition of AChE activity in hemolymph of metal mixture-exposed mussels, in comparison to control and pre-exposure group, was found. Comparison of investigated responses in different tissue of A. cygnea discloses new information about metal mixture (at MPC) impacts at different treatment time. According to the obtained geno- and cytotoxicity data, it is suggested that gills are more sensitive tissue. Environmentally relevant trace metal concentrations when existing in mixture are able to cause adverse effects in A. cygnea; therefore, biological effects at different levels of organism are expected as a realistic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Butrimavičienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Milda Stankevičiūtė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Virginija Kalcienė
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
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29
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Strubbia S, Lyons BP, Lee RJ. Spatial and temporal variation of three biomarkers in Mytilus edulis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 138:322-327. [PMID: 30660280 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions and xenobiotic exposure can be sources of stress to living organisms. Biological markers are measurable indicator of changes which may happen at any biological level and which can be considered an early warning signal of some biological or environmental state or condition. A structured field study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between three biomarker assays and the spatial and temporal variation of each biomarker in samples of Mytilus edulis. The three biomarkers were the neutral red retention assay, micronucleus assay and comet assay, which indicate damage at different cellular/molecular levels. Three sites in Poole Harbour, an area on the South coast of the UK were sampled on six separate occasions at least three weeks apart. The results for the comet assay showed a significant difference between sites and between sampling dates whereas the results for the other two assays did not show a significant difference for either factor. There was no significant correlation between the results of any pair of the three biomarkers. The results of the micronucleus assay showed a significant correlation with water temperature. This temperature effect, as well as induced repair, may contribute to explain the lack of a strict correspondence between pollution gradients and biomarkers responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Strubbia
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche (IZSUM), Italy.
| | - B P Lyons
- Cefas, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK
| | - R J Lee
- Cefas, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK
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30
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Zheng L, Pan L, Miao J, Lin Y, Wu J. Application of a series of biomarkers in Scallop Chlamys farreri to assess the toxic effects after exposure to a priority hazardous and noxious substance (HNS)-Acrylonitrile. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 64:122-130. [PMID: 30342373 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant enzymes and detoxification parameters responses of the scallop Chlamys farreri to different degree of acrylonitrile (AN) were investigated. Accordingly, the median lethal concentration (LC50) at 96 h was 98.5 mg/L AN. Results from chronic toxicity test demonstrated that superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were stimulated in the highest two doses of AN (2.0 and 5.0 mg/L), but significantly inhibited in the highest concentration (5.0 mg/L) at the end of the exposure. The levels of DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents showed damage effects exposed AN at the highest two doses. Additionally, AN significantly induced the enzymatic activity of glutathione-s-transferase (GST), related mRNA expression levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and GST-pi; and no significant changes were found on CYP1A1 mRNA expression and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity. Our results indicated that P-gp and GST-pi mRNA expression in digestive glands of the scallop C. farreri may potentially be used in ecological risk assessment of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) contamination of marine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Jingjing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Yufei Lin
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Ocean Administration, 100194 Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyue Wu
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Ocean Administration, 100194 Beijing, China
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Lin P, Miao J, Pan L, Zheng L, Wang X, Lin Y, Wu J. Acute and chronic toxicity effects of acrylonitrile to the juvenile marine flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35301-35311. [PMID: 30341758 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acrylonitrile (ACN) spills in marine environment have the potential to cause ecological hazards and consequences, but currently little is known about the disruptive effects of ACN on marine organisms. In the present study, we investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of ACN on juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The results showed that the 96-h LC50 of ACN to P. olivaceus juveniles was 6.07 mg/L. The fish were then exposed to different sublethal concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/L) of ACN for 28 days and then transferred to clean seawater and keep in clean seawater for 14 days to simulate the conditions of a spill incident. Biomarkers (EROD, GST, SOD, AChE activity, and levels of LPO and DNA alkaline unwinding) were tested in liver and brain. The weight gain rates and specific growth rate of juvenile marine flounder exposed to ACN (≥ 0.1 mg/L) for 28 days decreased significantly, indicating that ACN had an inhibitory effect on juvenile growth. Deformity of fish tails was observed on individuals exposed to the highest concentration (0.4 mg/L ACN) for 14 days, and the malformation rate was 38% after 28-day exposure. The present study provides the first evidence that ACN causes inhibition of AChE activity in fish brain. Furthermore, the results showed that ACN can significantly inhibit SOD activity and cause lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in fish brain. The results indicated that brain is more sensitive to ACN toxicity compared to liver and provides a suitable tissue for biomonitoring. The biomarkers measured during the depuration period showed that the effects caused by ACN were reversible when the exposure concentration was lower than 0.4 mg/L. These results highlight the adverse effects of ACN in brain of fish, which should be considered in environmental risk assessment. Biomarkers including AChE activity, LPO, and DNA damage of brain tissue should be included in fish bioassays for toxic effect assessment of ACN spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
- Lab. of Environmental Physiology of Aquatic Animal, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiufen Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yufei Lin
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Ocean Administration, Beijing, 100194, China
| | - Jiangyue Wu
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Ocean Administration, Beijing, 100194, China
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Al-Fanharawi AA, Rabee AM, Al-Mamoori AMJ. Biochemical and molecular alterations in freshwater mollusks as biomarkers for petroleum product, domestic heating oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 158:69-77. [PMID: 29660615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect one of the oil products, domestic heating oil (DHO), on freshwater mollusks, Unio tigridis and Viviparous bengalensis were exposed to three DHO concentrations for each species (5.8, 8.7, and 17.4 ml L-1 for mussels; 6.5, 9.7, and 19.5 mlL-1 for snails, respectively). Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase), malondialdehyde, acetylcholinesterase and DNA damage in both species tissues were monitored over 21 days. The results showed that both antioxidant enzymes concentration (SOD and CAT) increased in the lowest DHO concentrations (5.8, and 8.7 ml L-1), and then decreased in the highest concentration (17.4 ml L-1) as the same pattern for Unio tigridis, but this not occurred for Viviparous bengalensis. MDA values recorded significantly increased compared to control. No reduction was observed in AChE concentrations in soft tissues of both mollusks may due to that DHO was a non-neurotoxicant to Unio tigridis and Viviparous bengalensis. The results of DNA damage parameters were showed significant differences (p≤ 0.05) between control and DHO concentrations except lowest concentration for each parameter measured in digestive gland of Unio tigridis. As well as, these significant differences were recorded between control and three concentrations of DHO exposure for comet length, and tail length parameters, and between control and highest oil concentration for tail moment in Viviparous bengalensis. DHO has the ability to prevent the reproduction of Viviparous bengalensis snail relation to control, that is what we considered strong evidence of the toxicity properties of DHO on the reproductive status of this species of snails. SOD, CAT, and MDA were useful biomarkers for evaluating the toxicity of DHO in mussel and snails, and comet assay was a good tool to assess the potential genotoxicity of DHO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adel M Rabee
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ayad M J Al-Mamoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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Fontes MK, Gusso-Choueri PK, Maranho LA, Abessa DMDS, Mazur WA, de Campos BG, Guimarães LL, de Toledo MS, Lebre D, Marques JR, Felicio AA, Cesar A, Almeida EA, Pereira CDS. A tiered approach to assess effects of diclofenac on the brown mussel Perna perna: A contribution to characterize the hazard. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:361-370. [PMID: 29353198 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical discharges into the aquatic ecosystem are of environmental concern and sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been pointed out as the major source of these compounds to coastal zones, where oceanic disposal of sewage occurs through submarine outfalls. Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in water, but little is known about the effects on marine organisms. In this study, we employed a tiered approach involving the determination of environmental concentrations of DCF in marine water and the adverse biological effects for fertilization, embryo-larval development and biomarker responses of the mussel Perna perna. Results indicate that effects in fertilization rate and embryo-larval development were found in the order of mg·L-1. However, low concentrations of DCF (ng·L-1) significantly decreased the lysosomal membrane stability and COX activity, as well as triggered DNA damage, oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant defenses. Our results point to an environmental hazard at coastal ecosystems and suggest the need for improvements in the treatment of domestic wastewater aiming to reduce DCF concentrations, as well as regulation on current environmental legislation and monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayana Karoline Fontes
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Luciane Alves Maranho
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Wesley Almeida Mazur
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Galvão de Campos
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Luciana Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sergio de Toledo
- Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lebre
- CEMSA - Centro de Espectrometria de Massas Aplicada, CIETEC/IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Salas 112 e 113, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Rodrigues Marques
- CEMSA - Centro de Espectrometria de Massas Aplicada, CIETEC/IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Salas 112 e 113, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia Arantes Felicio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Campus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Augusto Cesar
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves Almeida
- Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga 498, Itoupava Seca, 89030-103 Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil.
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Pan L, Zhang M, Jin Q, Ji R. Multi-biomarker approach in the scallop Chlamys farreri to assess PAHs pollution in Qingdao coastal areas of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2017; 19:1387-1403. [PMID: 28933499 DOI: 10.1039/c7em00186j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multi-biomarker approach was conducted in the scallop Chlamys farreri from three sites, denoted here as S1, S2, and S3, in Qingdao coastal areas of China in March, June, September and December 2014 to assess pollution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to select appropriate biomarkers. A suite of biological responses of the gills and digestive glands of the scallops was assayed, including: (i) phase I detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD) and phase II detoxification enzymes of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and sulfotransferase (SULT); (ii) antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); (iii) oxidative damage parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO) expressed by malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, protein carbonylation (PC) and DNA damage (F value); and (iv) the metabolism-related genes of EH, DD, GST, SULT and SOD. Simultaneously, the concentrations of total PAHs along with 16 types of PAHs previously identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and environmental parameters, including temperature and salinity together with pH, were measured. Using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was revealed that S2 was the most PAH-contaminated site, while S1 was identified as the least PAH-polluted site, which was consistent with the results utilizing the Biomarker Response Index (BRI); in other words, the biological health status of S2 was worse than S1 and S3. Moreover, the most suitable biomarkers to assess PAH pollution in Qingdao coastal areas proved to be DD mRNA expression and the F value in both the gills and digestive glands for the total PAHs, DD activity and PC contents or PC and MDA contents in the gills or digestive glands for 5 + 6 rings PAHs and DD mRNA expression in both the gills and digestive glands for 2 + 3 rings and 4 rings PAHs. Moreover, this study highlighted the possible use of the scallop Chlamys farreri for studying contamination due to PAHs and provided valuable information on environmental assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Fisheries College, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, 266003, Qingdao, China.
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Sendra M, Pintado-Herrera MG, Aguirre-Martínez GV, Moreno-Garrido I, Martin-Díaz LM, Lara-Martín PA, J B. Are the TiO 2 NPs a "Trojan horse" for personal care products (PCPs) in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum? CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:192-204. [PMID: 28697425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing quantities of personal care products (PCPs) are being released into the environment. However, data about bioaccumulation and toxicity are scarce; and extraction and analytical approaches are not well developed. In this work, the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum, selected as model organism, has been employed to investigate bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA damage due to exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles and bulk TiO2 (inorganic compounds that are frequent components of PCPs, plastics, paints and coatings, foods and disinfectant water treatments). We have also studied the joint effect of both forms of inorganic TiO2 combined with four organic compounds (mixture exposures) commonly used in PCPs: an antimicrobial (triclosan), a fragrance (OTNE) and two UV filters (benzophenone-3 and octocrylene). Bioaccumulation of the inorganic compound, TiO2, was almost immediate and constant over exposure time. With respect to the organic compounds in mixtures, they were mediated by TiO2 and bioaccumulation is driven by reduced size of the particles. In fact, nanoparticles can be considered as a vector to organic compounds, such as triclosan and benzophenone-3. After a week of depuration, TiO2 NPs and TiO2 bulk in clams showed similar levels of concentration. Some organic compounds with bioactivity (Log Kow >3), like OTNE, showed low depuration after one week. The joint action of the organic compound mixture and either of the two forms of TiO2 provoked changes in enzyme activity responses. However, for the mixtures, DNA damage was found only after the depuration period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sendra
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain.
| | - M G Pintado-Herrera
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | - G V Aguirre-Martínez
- Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Río S. Pedro.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, 1110939, Iquique, Chile
| | - I Moreno-Garrido
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | - L M Martin-Díaz
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), Cádiz, 11510, Spain; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Río S. Pedro.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | - P A Lara-Martín
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), Cádiz, 11510, Spain
| | - Blasco J
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río S. Pedro.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, 11510, Spain
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Guo R, Pan L, Ji R. A multi-biomarker approach in scallop Chlamys farreri to assess the impact of contaminants in Qingdao coastal area of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 142:399-409. [PMID: 28454052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A multi-biomarker approach was carried out to classify the environmental quality and the adverse effects of contaminants on scallop Chlamys farreri. The scallops were collected from three sampling stations in Qingdao coastal area of China in March, May, August and October of 2015. A suite of environmental factors and biomarkers, including temperature, salinity, pH, the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As) in seawater and soft tissue, mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), uridine-diphosphate-glucuronyl-transferase (UGT), sulfotransferase (SULT), metallothionein (MT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents and DNA strand breaks, were measured in the gill and digestive gland. The results showed that S2 was the most polluted while S1 was identified the least polluted. Despite the differentiation of pollution levels and environmental parameters the selected biomarkers responded efficiently to contaminants. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that EROD for PAHs, AhR for TBBPA, MT for Cr, Pb and Mn, LPO and PC for Zn were the effective biomarkers respectively. This study demonstrated that the application of multi-biomarker approach in conjunction with the traditional analysis of environmental parameters and contaminants provided valuable information in environmental risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Rongwang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
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Pan L, Xu R, Wen J, Guo R. Assessing PAHs pollution in Shandong coastal area (China) by combination of chemical analysis and responses of reproductive toxicity in crab Portunus trituberculatus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:14291-14303. [PMID: 28424957 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of PAHs in seawater and sediments were measured at three selected sites (S1, S2, and S3) along the coastal area of Shandong (China) in April, May, and June, 2015, which ranged from 29.72 to 123.88 ng/L and 82.62 to 232.63 ng/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the reproductive toxicity responses in crab Portunus trituberculatus were also evaluated to assess the pollution of PAHs during the sampling period. Chemical analysis showed that S3 was the most PAH-contaminated area while S1 was the least, and the biochemical parameters concerned with reproduction were efficiently responded to the three sites, especially in S3 (p < 0.05). Moreover, the principal component analyses (PCA) showed that parameters for DNA alkaline unwinding, protein carbonyl content, and lipid peroxidation levels in two genders, 17β-estradiol in female, testosterone and TESK2 gene expression in male crabs, were closely correlated with the concentrations of PAHs (2 + 3 rings, 4 rings, and 5 + 6 rings), which were considered to be good candidate indicators to assess the environmental pollutions resulting from PAHs in the coastal area of Shandong, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
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Vasanthi LA, Revathi P, Babu Rajendran R, Munuswamy N. Detection of metal induced cytopathological alterations and DNA damage in the gills and hepatopancreas of green mussel Perna viridis from Ennore Estuary, Chennai, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:41-49. [PMID: 28132732 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study report the impact of heavy metals on cytopathology and DNA damage in the gills and hepatopancreas of Perna viridis collected from Ennore estuary and the Kovalam coastal waters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed significant differences among all variables at the scale of plots. The ultrastructural alterations such as lack of microvilli, distorted mitochondria, electron dense particles and the presence of large mucous droplets were common in the gill and hepatopancreatic cells of mussels from Ennore estuary. However, the gill and hepatopancreatic cells of P. viridis from Kovalam revealed normal compartmentalization of cells. The percentage of tail DNA in the mussels from Ennore estuary was recorded as 12.44 and 10.14% in the gills and hepatopancreas respectively. Overall, it has been demonstrated that the Comet and cytopathological assays are useful biomarkers to assess the level of pollution and it provide reliable information on ecotoxicology and genotoxicology of coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourduraj A Vasanthi
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Peranandam Revathi
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramaswamy Babu Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Natesan Munuswamy
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
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Parolini M, Castiglioni S, Magni S, Della Torre C, Binelli A. Increase in cannabis use may indirectly affect the health status of a freshwater species. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:472-479. [PMID: 27496769 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis is the most used illicit drug worldwide and in some countries a new regulatory policy makes it legal under some restrictions. This situation could lead to a substantial increase in environmental levels of the cannabis active principle (Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [Δ-9-THC]) and its main metabolite, 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH). Although previous studies have highlighted the toxicity of Δ-9-THC, the adverse effects of THC-COOH on aquatic organisms is completely unknown, even though such effects could be more significant because the environmental concentrations of THC-COOH are higher than those of the parent compound. The present study aimed to assess oxidative and genetic damage to the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) because of 14-d exposures to 3 THC-COOH concentrations, mimicking a current environmental situation (100 ng/L), as well as exposure to 2 possible worst-case scenarios (500 ng/L and 1000 ng/L), because of the potential increase in THC-COOH in surface waters. Variations in the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were measured, as well as levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content. Genetic injuries were investigated by single-cell gel electrophoresis assay, DNA diffusion assay, and the micronucleus test. A significant imbalance in antioxidant defense enzymes was noted in response to the 3 tested concentrations, whereas oxidative damage was noted only at the higher one. Moreover, an increase in DNA fragmentation in zebra mussel hemocytes, but no fixed genetic damage, was found. Although the results showed that THC-COOH toxicity was lower than that of Δ-9-THC, the increase in cannabis use might increase its levels in freshwaters, enhancing its hazard to bivalves and likely to the whole aquatic community. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:472-479. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parolini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Magni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Binelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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40
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Guo R, Pan L, Lin P, Zheng L. The detoxification responses, damage effects and bioaccumulation in the scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to single and mixtures of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 191:36-51. [PMID: 27627846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the detoxification responses, damage effects and biotransformation in scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (0.1, 1μg/L), chrysene (CHR) (0.1, 1μg/L) and BaP+CHR (0.1+0.1, 1+1μg/L) for 15days. Results demonstrated that BaP and CHR concentration (BaP<CHR) in tissues increased rapidly in a time and dose effect. The mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were induced especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mRNA expression was significantly elevated at days 1, 10 and 15. Detoxification enzymes of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), uridine-diphosphate-glucuronyl-transferase (UGT) and sulfotransferase (SULT) were significantly induced and then became stable gradually while glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was inhibited in the mixtures of BaP and CHR at days 10 and 15. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were all stimulated especially in the mixtures of BaP and CHR. The levels of DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) contents showed damage effects exposed BaP and CHR. All the results indicated that BaP and CHR have similar induced effect and a majority of the biomarkers pointed to a more toxic effect when BaP and CHR were mixed. These will provide a solid foundation for the study of PAHs detoxification mechanism in bivalves and valuable information for marine pollution monitoring.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/metabolism
- Animals
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Benzo(a)pyrene/metabolism
- Benzo(a)pyrene/toxicity
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Body Burden
- Chrysenes/metabolism
- Chrysenes/toxicity
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/metabolism
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Environmental Monitoring/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Pectinidae/drug effects
- Pectinidae/genetics
- Pectinidae/metabolism
- Protein Carbonylation/drug effects
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/drug effects
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
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Xiu M, Pan L, Jin Q. Toxic effects upon exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (chrysene) in scallop Chlamys farreri during the reproduction period. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 44:75-83. [PMID: 27131750 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate potential toxic effects of chrysene (CHR) on mature scallop Chlamys farreri during the reproduction period, using indicators of antioxidant defences and oxidative stress. Scallops were exposed to 0.2, 0.8 and 3.2μg/L waterborne CHR for 21 days, at day 10 scallops were induced to spawn. At days 1, 3, 6, 10, 11, 15 and 21, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PC) and DNA strand breaks in digestive glands were examined by separately analysing male and female scallops. During the pre-spawn period, Levels of enzymatic activities and oxidative stress were all induced by the exposure to CHR for females and males. GST activity presented a good time- and dose-dependent relationship only in males, and GSH content showed a dose-dependent manner in both sexes. During the post-spawn period, different trends were observed, while PC contents maintained growth in time- and dose-dependent manner. Overall, males were more sensitive than females to CHR exposure in enzyme activities, and correspondingly, females suffered from more serious oxidative damages. Both GSH and PC contents seemed to be potential biomarkers for PAH exposure. These results will offer the information on toxicity of CHR in this species, and ensure the influence of gender and reproductive status on PAH detoxification metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Qian Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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42
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Aguirre-Martínez GV, DelValls TA, Martín-Díaz ML. General stress, detoxification pathways, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluated in Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to human pharmaceuticals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:18-31. [PMID: 26436477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A battery of biomarkers was evaluated on Ruditapes philippinarum exposed during 14 days to caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine and novobiocin (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 50µgL(-1)). The battery included general stress (lysosomal membrane stability - LMS) analysed in the hemolymph, and biochemical biomarkers analysed in digestive gland tissues including: biomarkers of phase I (etoxyresorufin O-deethylase - EROD, dibenzylfluorescein dealkylase - DBF), phase II (gluthathione-S-transferase - GST), oxidative stress (gluthathione reductase - GR, gluthathione peroxidase - GPX, lipid peroxidation - LPO), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase activity - AChE), and genotoxicity (DNA damage). Pharmaceuticals tested induced the sublethal responses (even at the environmental range 0.1µgL(-1)). At this low concentration; caffeine, ibuprofen and carbamazepine decreased the LMS significantly compared with controls (p<0.05). The four compounds induced significantly the detoxification metabolism and oxidative stress (p<0.05). Neurotoxicity was noticed in clams exposed to caffeine and carbamazepine (p<0.05). Ibuprofen, carbamazepine and novobiocin produced genotoxic effects (p<0.05). Results from this research validate the use of biomarkers when assessing the effects of pharmaceuticals within a marine environmental risk assessment framework, using as a laboratory bioassay model the species R. philippinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela V Aguirre-Martínez
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain.
| | - T Angel DelValls
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Laura Martín-Díaz
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
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43
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Wen J, Pan L. Short-term exposure to benzo[a]pyrene causes oxidative damage and affects haemolymph steroid levels in female crab Portunus trituberculatus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:486-494. [PMID: 26552528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concern has increased regarding the adverse effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on reproduction. However, limited information is available on the effects of PAHs in crustacean. In order to determine whether benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) could cause reproductive toxicity on the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, sexually mature female crabs were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of B[a]P (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 μg/L) for 10 days. B[a]P treatments resulted in high accumulation in ovary, and induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner on ovary of crab. Furthermore, the haemolymph estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels were significantly decreased. Histological investigation also revealed the reproductive toxicity caused by B[a]P. The results demonstrated that waterborne exposure to B[a]P caused oxidative damage and disrupted sex steroids in female crab P. trituberculatus, ultimately resulting in histological alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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Kolarević S, Kračun-Kolarević M, Kostić J, Slobodnik J, Liška I, Gačić Z, Paunović M, Knežević-Vukčević J, Vuković-Gačić B. Assessment of the genotoxic potential along the Danube River by application of the comet assay on haemocytes of freshwater mussels: The Joint Danube Survey 3. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 540:377-385. [PMID: 26117499 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study we assessed the level of genotoxic pollution along the Danube River by measuring the level of DNA damage in the haemocytes of freshwater mussels of Unio sp. (Unio pictorum/Unio tumidus) and Sinanodonta woodiana. The comet assay was used for the assessment of DNA damage. The research was performed on 34 out of 68 sites analysed within the Joint Danube Survey 3 - the world's biggest river research expedition of its kind in 2013. During research, 2285 river kilometres were covered with an average distance of 68 km between the sites. The complex data set on concentrations of various substances present in water, suspended particulate matter and sediment on investigated sites gave the opportunity to identify the groups of xenobiotics which mostly affect the studied biomarker - DNA damage. The highest levels of DNA damage were recorded in the section VI (Panonnian Plain), which is under the impact of untreated wastewater discharges. Both positive and negative influences of the large tributaries on the level of genotoxicity in the Danube River were evident. Significant correlation in response was detected between the studied species of freshwater mussels. The level of DNA damage in mussels correlated with concentrations of compounds from the group of hazardous priority substances (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), persistent organic pollutants (dioxins) and emerging pollutants (Oxazepam, Chloridazon-desphenyl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Igor Liška
- International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, Wagramer Strasse 5, A-1220 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Knežević-Vukčević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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45
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Chen L, Lam JCW, Zhang X, Pan K, Guo C, Lam PKS, Wang W, Liu H, Qian PY. Relationship between metal and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) body burden and health risks in the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 100:383-392. [PMID: 26320980 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we employed the widespread and gregarious barnacle species Balanus amphitrite in a biomonitoring program to evaluate coastal pollution around three piers (i.e., Tso Wo Hang, Sai Kung and Hebe Haven) in Hong Kong. An integrated approach was used herein, combining both the chemical determination of contaminant concentrations, including metals and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and a suite of biological responses across the entire barnacle lifecycle (i.e., adult, nauplius, cyprid and juvenile). The analytical results revealed a distinct geographical distribution of metals and PBDEs. Adult physiological processes and larval behaviors varied significantly among the three piers. Furthermore, a correlation analysis demonstrated a specific suite of biological responses towards metal and PBDE exposure, likely resulting from their distinct modes of action. Overall, the results of this study indicated that the combination of chemical and biological tests provided an integrated measure for the comprehensive assessment of marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianguo Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - James C W Lam
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Building, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Building, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cui Guo
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Building, Shenzhen 518057, China; Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenxiong Wang
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
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46
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Zhang Q, Zhang G, Yin P, Lv Y, Yuan S, Chen J, Wei B, Wang C. Toxicological effects of soil contaminated with spirotetramat to the earthworm Eisenia fetida. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 139:138-145. [PMID: 26081578 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential toxicity of spirotetramat to the earthworm Eisenia fetida in a natural soil environment. Many biochemical markers, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), cellulase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were measured after exposure to 0.25, 1.25, and 2.5mgkg(-1) for 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28days. In addition, the comet assay was performed on earthworm coelomocytes to assess the level of genetic damage. The results demonstrate that the SOD activity and MDA content were significantly stimulated by the highest dose (2.5mgkg(-1)) of spirotetramat for the entire period of exposure. The activities of CAT and POD increased significantly by 2d and 21d, respectively, but the activities of both were significantly inhibited after prolonged exposure (28d). After an initial increase on the 2nd day, the cellulase activity in the high-dose treatment group was significantly inhibited for the entire remaining exposure period. The comet assay results demonstrate that spirotetramat (⩽2.5mgkg(-1)) can induce low and intermediate degrees of DNA damage in earthworm coelomocytes. The results indicate that spirotetramat may pose potential biochemical and genetic toxicity to earthworms (E. fetida), and this information is helpful for understanding the ecological toxicity of spirotetramat on soil invertebrate organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Guoli Zhang
- Organization Department of Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Peijun Yin
- Huangdao Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Yanzhen Lv
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shun Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jiqiang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Binbin Wei
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- College of Agronomy and Plant Protection, Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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47
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Aguirre-Martínez GV, DelValls AT, Laura Martín-Díaz M. Yes, caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, novobiocin and tamoxifen have an effect on Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 120:142-54. [PMID: 26072195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Reports indicating the presence of pharmaceutical in fresh water environment in the ngL(-1) to µgL(-1) range are occurring with increasing frequency. It is also a fact that pharmaceuticals may produce adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how these emergent contaminants may affect aquatic biota. The goal of this research was to evaluate the sublethal responses in Corbicula fluminea such as, general stress (lysosomal membrane stability [LMS]), biomarkers of phase I and II (etoxyresorufin O-deethylase [EROD], dibenzylfluorescein dealkylase [DBF], gluthathione-S-transferase [GST]), oxidative stress (gluthathione reductase [GR], gluthathione peroxidase [GPX], lipid peroxidation [LPO]), and biomarkers of effect (DNA damage) after 21 days of exposure to caffeine, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, novobiocin and tamoxifen at 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, 50µgL(-1). Environmental concentrations tested in this study caused general stress and produced changes on biomarkers tested. LMS, responses from phase I and II enzymatic activity, oxidative stress, and biomarker of effect represent important ecotoxicological information, and will provide a useful reference for the assessment of selected drugs and the effects which these compounds may have on aquatic invertebrates, using C. fluminea as a bioindicator species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela V Aguirre-Martínez
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain..
| | - Angel T DelValls
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Laura Martín-Díaz
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences. Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.; Andalusian Center for Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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48
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Hu F, Pan L, Xiu M, Jin Q. Exposure of Chlamys farreri to tetrabromobisphenol A: accumulation and multibiomarker responses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12224-12234. [PMID: 25893623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is currently the most widely used brominated flame retardant (BFR). To date, the toxic effects of TBBPA remains poorly understood in aquatic organisms, especially in bivalves. The objective of this experiment was to examine bioaccumulation and multibiomarker responses in the scallop Chlamys farreri exposed to TBBPA under laboratory conditions. The results showed that TBBPA was rapidly accumulated in and then eliminated from the gill and digestive gland of the scallops. TBBPA exposure invoked alterations in the detoxification system and induced oxidant stress and biomacromolecule damages in the gill and digestive gland of C. farreri. Additionally, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, cytochrome b5 (Cyt b5) content, and DNA strand break had good correlations with TBBPA accumulation levels in the gill and digestive gland of C. farreri. Summarizing, these results enabled us to hypothesize several toxic mechanisms of TBBPA and select potential biomarkers for TBBPA pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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49
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Ren X, Pan L, Wang L. The detoxification process, bioaccumulation and damage effect in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to chrysene. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 114:44-51. [PMID: 25600714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chrysene (CHR) on detoxification enzymes, bioaccumulation and effect of CHR on biomolecule damage in different organs of the juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, juvenile white shrimp L. vannamei were exposed to CHR for 21 days at four different concentrations as 0, 0.3, 2.1 and 14.7 μg/L. Results showed that CHR bioaccumulation increased rapidly at first then reached a plateau. The activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), epoxide hydrolase (EH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), sulfotransferase (SULT) and uridinediphosphate glucuronyltransferase (UGT) were induced and then became stable gradually. Moreover, 2.1 and 14.7 μg/L CHR treatments increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in gills and hepatopancreas, while total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and GSH/GSSG were suppressed after CHR exposure. Additionally, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, protein carbonyl (PC) contents and DNA damage were induced throughout the exposure period, and different trends were detected with time of exposure. Overall, these novel findings of CHR bioaccumulation and resulted toxicity demonstrate that CHR could affect the physical status of L. vannamei. This study will form a solid basis for a realistic extrapolation scientific data for aquaculture water monitoring and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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50
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Ren X, Pan L, Wang L. Toxic effects upon exposure to benzo[a]pyrene in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 39:194-207. [PMID: 25528410 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxic effects induced by benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). In the present study, juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were exposed to BaP for 21 days at four different concentrations as 0, 0.03, 0.3 and 3μg/L. Detoxification system parameters, transcription of metabolism-related genes, and damage indexes were investigated for screening. It showed mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in hepatopancreas were significantly induced at day 3 by 0.3 and 3μg/L BaP, and returned to the initial level afterwards. 7-Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), GST and SOD activities in gill and hepatopancreas were also induced by 0.3 and 3μg/L BaP, while T-AOC and GSH contents were reduced after BaP exposure. The study also showed that 0.3 and 3μg/L BaP caused damage effects, while 0.03μg/L BaP treatment did not exhibit any damage effects. Moreover, according to the correlation analysis results, we conclude that EROD activity, GST activity and GSH content in hepatopancreas can be used as defense biomarkers; DNA strand breaks, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and protein carbonyl (PC) content in gill and hepatopancreas can be used as damage biomarkers; EROD activity, GST activity, GSH contents and damage effects of DNA strand breaks, LPO level and PC content in hepatopancreas can be used as combined biomarkers. These results will provide information not only on potential biomarkers that could be effectively applied to biomonitor aquatic environment to contamination, but also provide information on toxic effects of this specie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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