1
|
Son HJ, Kim JS, Bateman RJ, Kim S, Llibre-Guerra JJ, Day GS, Chhatwal JP, Berman SB, Schofield PR, Jucker M, Levin J, Lee JH, Perrin RJ, Morris JC, Cruchaga C, Hassenstab J, Salloway SP, Lee JH, Daniels A. Association of Resilience-Related Life Experiences on Variability on Age of Onset in Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Disease. Neurology 2024; 103:e209766. [PMID: 39270149 PMCID: PMC11399067 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It remains unknown whether the associations between protective lifestyles and sporadic dementia risk reported in observational studies also affect age at symptom onset (AAO) in autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD) with predominant genetic influences. We investigated the associations between resilience-related life experiences and interindividual AAO variability in ADAD. METHODS We performed a longitudinal and confirmatory analysis of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network prospective observational cohort (January 2009-June 2018, follow-up duration 2.13 ± 2.22 years), involving clinical, CSF, and lifestyle/behavioral assessments. We performed a 2-pronged comprehensive resilience assessment in each cohort. Cohort 1, incorporating the general resilience definition (cognitive maintenance [Clinical Dementia Rating = 0] despite high pathology), included carriers during the periods of significant CSFp-tau181 variability and grouped into resilience/resistance outcome bins according to the dichotomous pathologic and cognitive statuses, subcategorized by the estimated years from expected symptom onset (EYO). Cohort 2, focused on ADAD-specific genetically determined time frame characterizing the onset predictability, included asymptomatic participants with available preclinical lifestyle data and AAO outcomes and grouped into delayed or earlier AAO relative to the parental AAO. Associations of cognitive, CSFp-tau181, and lifestyle/behavioral predictors with binary outcomes were investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS Of 320 carriers (age 38.19 ± 10.94 years, female 56.25%), cohort 1 included 218 participants (39.00 ± 9.37 years, 57.34%) and cohort 2 included 28 participants (43.34 ± 7.40 years, 71.43%). In cohort 1, 218 carriers after -20 EYO, when the interindividual variability (SD) of CSFp-tau181 first became more than twice greater in carriers than in noncarriers, were grouped into low-risk control (asymptomatic, low pathology, n = 103), high-resilience (asymptomatic despite high pathology, n = 60), low-resilience (symptomatic despite low pathology, n = 15), and susceptible control (symptomatic, high pathology, n = 40) groups. Multivariable predictors of high resilience, controlling for age and depression, included higher conscientiousness (odds ratio 1.051 [95% CI 1.016-1.086], p = 0.004), openness to experience (1.068 [1.005-1.135], p = 0.03) (vs. susceptible controls), and agreeableness (1.082 [1.015-1.153], p = 0.02) (vs. low resilience). From 1 to 3 years before parental AAO (cohort 2), the multivariable predictor of delayed AAO, controlling for CSFp-tau181, was higher conscientiousness (0.916 [0.845-0.994], p = 0.036). DISCUSSION Among the cognitively and socially integrated life experiences associated with resilience, measures of conscientiousness were useful indicators for evaluating resilience and predicting future dementia onset in late preclinical ADAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Joo Son
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Randall J Bateman
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Seonok Kim
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jorge J Llibre-Guerra
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Gregory S Day
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jasmeer P Chhatwal
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Sarah B Berman
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Peter R Schofield
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Mathias Jucker
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Johannes Levin
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Richard J Perrin
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - John C Morris
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Stephen P Salloway
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Jai-Hyuen Lee
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Alisha Daniels
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.S., Jai-Hyuen Lee), Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chung Nam; Department of Nuclear Medicine (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (R.J.B., J.J.L.-G., J.C.M., A.D.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (S.K.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (G.S.D.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (J.P.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (S.B.B.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA; Neuroscience Research Australia (P.R.S.); School of Medical Sciences (P.R.S.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cellular Neurology (M.J.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.J.), Tübingen; Department of Neurology (J.L.), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Germany; Department of Neurology (Jae-Hong Lee), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pathology and Immunology (R.J.P.), Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (R.J.P., J.H.), and Department of Neurology (R.J.P., J.H.), Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (J.H.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; and Department of Neurology (S.P.S.), The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassani S, Gorelick PB. What have observational studies taught us about brain health? An exploration of select cardiovascular risks and cognitive function. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 7:100367. [PMID: 39309313 PMCID: PMC11414496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Observational research studies serve as the cornerstone for gathering evidence on risk factors and contributors to cognitive decline and impairment. The evidence can then be combined with data from preclinical studies and randomized controlled trials to ultimately inform the development of effective interventions and the content of guidance statements. Observational cohort designs on modifiable risk factors and brain health can be particularly beneficial for studying questions that are unethical or impractical for a clinical trial setting, associations with dementia which may develop over decades, and underrepresented populations typically not included in clinical trials. This chapter will review the major observational, epidemiologic studies pertaining to the traditional vascular risk factors - hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and physical inactivity - and how they may impact brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hassani
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, USA
- Davee Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Simpson Querrey Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 North St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Philip B. Gorelick
- Davee Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Simpson Querrey Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 North St. Clair Street, 19th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang R, Liu S, Mousavi SM. Cognitive Dysfunction and Exercise: From Epigenetic to Genetic Molecular Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6279-6299. [PMID: 38286967 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining good health is crucial, and exercise plays a vital role in achieving this goal. It offers a range of positive benefits for cognitive function, regardless of age. However, as our population ages and life expectancy increases, cognitive impairment has become a prevalent issue, often coexisting with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. This can result in devastating consequences such as memory loss, difficulty speaking, and confusion, greatly hindering one's ability to lead an ordinary life. In addition, the decrease in mental capacity has a significant effect on an individual's physical and emotional well-being, greatly reducing their overall level of contentment and causing a significant financial burden for communities. While most current approaches aim to slow the decline of cognition, exercise offers a non-pharmacological, safe, and accessible solution. Its effects on cognition are intricate and involve changes in the brain's neural plasticity, mitochondrial stability, and energy metabolism. Moreover, exercise triggers the release of cytokines, playing a significant role in the body-brain connection and its impact on cognition. Additionally, exercise can influence gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, leading to lasting improvements in brain function and behavior. Herein, we summarized various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that can be modulated by exercise in cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Shangwu Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alghadir AH, Gabr SA, Iqbal A. Enhancing cognitive performance and mitigating dyslipidemia: the impact of moderate aerobic training on sedentary older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:678. [PMID: 39138393 PMCID: PMC11323678 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoprotein levels; Lipo (a) markers, and their association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. METHODS A total of 150 healthy subjects (100 males and 50 females; age range: 65-95 years) were recruited for this study. Based on the LOTCA test score, subjects were classified into two groups: the control group (n = 50) and the cognitive impairment group (n = 100). Cognitive functioning, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), lipid profile, total cholesterol, TG, HDL-c, LDL-C, and lipo(a) were assessed at baseline and post-24-week aerobic exercise interventions using LOTCA battery, pre-validated Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) version II, colorimetric, and immunoassay techniques, respectively. RESULTS Significant improvements in cognitive function and modulation in lipid profile and lipoprotein (a) markers were reported in all older subjects following 24 weeks of moderate exercise. LOTCA-7-sets scores significantly correlated with physical activity status and the regulation of lipids and Lipo (a) markers. Physically active persons showed higher cognitive performance along with a reduction in the levels of T-Cholest., TG, LDL-C, Lipo (a), and an increase in the levels of HDL-C and aerobic fitness VO2max compared with sedentary participants. Cognitive performance correlated positively with increased aerobic fitness, HDL-C, and negatively with T-Cholest., TG, LDL-C, and Lipo (a). However, a significant increase in the improvement of motor praxis, vasomotor organization, thinking operations, attention, and concentration were reported among older adults. CONCLUSIONS The study findings revealed that supervised moderate aerobic training for 24 weeks significantly enhances cognitive functions via mitigating older adults' lipid profiles and lipoprotein (a). Cognitive performance is positively correlated with aerobic fitness and HDL-C level and negatively with T-Cholest., TH, LDL-C, and Lipo (a).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Alghadir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Gabr
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Iqbal
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ilyés A, Paulik B, Keresztes A. Discrimination of semantically similar verbal memory traces is affected in healthy aging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17971. [PMID: 39095437 PMCID: PMC11297280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mnemonic discrimination of highly similar memory traces is affected in healthy aging via changes in hippocampal pattern separation-i.e., the ability of the hippocampus to orthogonalize highly similar neural inputs. The decline of this process leads to a loss of episodic specificity. Because previous studies have almost exclusively tested mnemonic discrimination of visuospatial stimuli (e.g., objects or scenes), less is known about age-related effects on the episodic specificity of semantically similar traces. To address this gap, we designed a task to assess mnemonic discrimination of verbal stimuli as a function of semantic similarity based on word embeddings. Forty young (Mage = 21.7 years) and 40 old adults (Mage = 69.8 years) first incidentally encoded adjective-noun phrases, then performed a surprise recognition test involving exactly repeated and highly similar lure phrases. We found that increasing semantic similarity negatively affected mnemonic discrimination in both age groups, and that compared to young adults, older adults showed worse discrimination at medium levels of semantic similarity. These results indicate that episodic specificity of semantically similar memory traces is affected in aging via less efficient mnemonic operations and strengthen the notion that mnemonic discrimination is a modality-independent process supporting memory specificity across representational domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Ilyés
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Brain Imaging Centre, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Borbála Paulik
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Brain Imaging Centre, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Simmons N, Ruiz MR, Ronca F. Perimenopausal Physical Activity and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:637-658. [PMID: 38626907 PMCID: PMC11296877 DOI: 10.1055/a-2307-8122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Mixed-gender studies predominate in the current literature exploring the interaction between physical activity and dementia risk. Considering that menopause appears to contribute to females' increased risk of cognitive decline when compared to males, further clarity is required on the impact of physical activity in reducing late-life dementia risk, specifically in perimenopausal females. A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and CINAHL databases yielded fourteen studies for review. A significant inverse relationship between perimenopausal leisure time physical activity, or physical fitness, and future all-cause dementia risk was found in most studies exploring this interaction. Higher levels of perimenopausal household physical activity and combined non-leisure time physical activity also displayed a favorable impact in lowering dementia risk. A dose-response effect was demonstrated, with approximately 10 MET-hour/week of leisure time physical activity required for significant dementia risk reduction. Three of four papers exploring causality provided analyses proposed to counter the reverse causation argument, suggesting that physical activity may indeed have a protective role in reducing dementia risk post-menopause. The current systematic review provides promising results regarding the impact of pre- and perimenopausal physical activity on reducing late-life dementia risk, suggesting that promoting perimenopausal physical activity may serve as a crucial tool in mitigating the risk of post-menopausal cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niall Simmons
- Medicine, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Miguel Rodriguez Ruiz
- Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford,
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Flaminia Ronca
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reitz NL, Nunes PT, Savage LM. Exercise leads to sex-specific recovery of behavior and pathological AD markers following adolescent ethanol exposure in the TgF344-AD model. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1448691. [PMID: 39148897 PMCID: PMC11324591 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1448691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human epidemiological studies suggest that heavy alcohol consumption may lead to earlier onset of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), especially in individuals with a genetic predisposition for AD. Alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD) during a critical developmental timepoint, such as adolescence, interacts with AD-related pathologies to accelerate disease progression later in life. The current study investigates if voluntary exercise in mid-adulthood can recover memory deficits caused by the interactions between adolescence ethanol exposure and AD-transgenes. Methods Male and female TgF344-AD and wildtype F344 rats were exposed to an intragastric gavage of water (control) or 5 g/kg of 20% ethanol (adolescent intermittent ethanol; AIE) for a 2 day on/off schedule throughout adolescence (PD27-57). At 6 months old, rats either remained in their home cage (stationary) or were placed in a voluntary wheel running apparatus for 4 weeks and then underwent several behavioral tests. The number of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and measure of neurogenesis in the hippocampus were assessed. Results Voluntary wheel running recovers spatial working memory deficits selectively in female TgF344-AD rats exposed to AIE and improves pattern separation impairment seen in control TgF344-AD female rats. There were sex-dependent effects on brain pathology: Exercise improves the integration of recently born neurons in AIE-exposed TgF344-AD female rats. Exercise led to a decrease in amyloid burden in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, but only in male AIE-exposed TgF344-AD rats. Although the number of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons was not affected by AD-transgenes in either sex, AIE did reduce the number of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in female rats. Discussion These data provide support that even after symptom onset, AIE and AD related cognitive decline and associated neuropathologies can be rescued with exercise in unique sex-specific ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Reitz
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Polliana T Nunes
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Lisa M Savage
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Biose IJ, Chastain WH, Solch-Ottaiano RJ, Grayson VS, Wang H, Banerjee S, Bix GJ. The Effects of Physical Activity on Experimental Models of Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Neurosci 2024; 31:204-224. [PMID: 39156626 PMCID: PMC11325693 DOI: 10.1177/09727531231192759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is associated with improved brain health and cognition in humans. However, the validity, range, and quality of evidence for the beneficial outcomes linked to exercise in experimental models of vascular dementia (VaD) have not been evaluated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of exercise intervention on models of VaD to provide an unbiased and comprehensive determination of the cognitive function and brain morphology benefits of exercise. Summary A systematic search in three databases as well as study design characteristics and experimental data extraction were completed in December 2021. We investigated the effects of exercise on cognitive function and brain-morphology outcomes in VaD models. Twenty-five studies were included for systematic review, while 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. These studies included seven models of VaD in rats (60%, 15 studies), mice (36%, 9 studies), and pigs (4%, 1 study). None of the included studies used aged animals, and the majority of studies (80%) used only male animals. Key Message Exercise improves cognition but increased neuro-inflammation in VaD models Exercise improved cognitive function as well as some markers of brain morphology in models of VaD. However, exercise increased anxiety and neuro-inflammatory signals in VaD models. Further, we observed increased reporting anomalies such as a lack of blinding to group treatment or data analysis and randomization of animals to groups. Our report could help in the appropriate design of experimental studies seeking to investigate the effects of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention on VaD models with a high translational impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifechukwude J. Biose
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca J. Solch-Ottaiano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Hanyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Gregory J. Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prince JB, Davis HL, Tan J, Muller-Townsend K, Markovic S, Lewis DMG, Hastie B, Thompson MB, Drummond PD, Fujiyama H, Sohrabi HR. Cognitive and neuroscientific perspectives of healthy ageing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105649. [PMID: 38579902 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
With dementia incidence projected to escalate significantly within the next 25 years, the United Nations declared 2021-2030 the Decade of Healthy Ageing, emphasising cognition as a crucial element. As a leading discipline in cognition and ageing research, psychology is well-equipped to offer insights for translational research, clinical practice, and policy-making. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on age-related changes in cognition and psychological health. We discuss cognitive changes during ageing, including (a) heterogeneity in the rate, trajectory, and characteristics of decline experienced by older adults, (b) the role of cognitive reserve in age-related cognitive decline, and (c) the potential for cognitive training to slow this decline. We also examine ageing and cognition through multiple theoretical perspectives. We highlight critical unresolved issues, such as the disparate implications of subjective versus objective measures of cognitive decline and the insufficient evaluation of cognitive training programs. We suggest future research directions, and emphasise interdisciplinary collaboration to create a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that modulate cognitive ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon B Prince
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia.
| | - Helen L Davis
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Jane Tan
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Katrina Muller-Townsend
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Shaun Markovic
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Discipline of Psychology, Counselling and Criminology, Edith Cowan University, WA, Australia
| | - David M G Lewis
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | | | - Matthew B Thompson
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Peter D Drummond
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Hakuei Fujiyama
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- School of Psychology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, WA, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Igloi K, Marin Bosch B, Kuenzi N, Thomas A, Lauer E, Bringard A, Schwartz S. Interactions between physical exercise, associative memory, and genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae205. [PMID: 38802684 PMCID: PMC11129939 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The ε4 allele of the APOE gene heightens the risk of late onset Alzheimer's disease. ε4 carriers, may exhibit cognitive and neural changes early on. Given the known memory-enhancing effects of physical exercise, particularly through hippocampal plasticity via endocannabinoid signaling, here we aimed to test whether a single session of physical exercise may benefit memory and underlying neurophysiological processes in young ε3 carriers (ε3/ε4 heterozygotes, risk group) compared with a matched control group (homozygotes for ε3). Participants underwent fMRI while learning picture sequences, followed by cycling or rest before a memory test. Blood samples measured endocannabinoid levels. At the behavioral level, the risk group exhibited poorer associative memory performance, regardless of the exercising condition. At the brain level, the risk group showed increased medial temporal lobe activity during memory retrieval irrespective of exercise (suggesting neural compensatory effects even at baseline), whereas, in the control group, such increase was only detectable after physical exercise. Critically, an exercise-related endocannabinoid increase correlated with task-related hippocampal activation in the control group only. In conclusion, healthy young individuals carrying the ε4 allele may present suboptimal associative memory performance (when compared with homozygote ε3 carriers), together with reduced plasticity (and functional over-compensation) within medial temporal structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Igloi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Blanca Marin Bosch
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Noémie Kuenzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Thomas
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, CH-1011 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Estelle Lauer
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, CH-1011 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Bringard
- Department of Pneumology, Geneva University Hospitals, CH-1011 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Schwartz
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Castillo-Ordoñez WO, Cajas-Salazar N, Velasco-Reyes MA. Genetic and epigenetic targets of natural dietary compounds as anti-Alzheimer's agents. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:846-854. [PMID: 37843220 PMCID: PMC10664119 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia that principally affects older adults. Pathogenic factors, such as oxidative stress, an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, genotoxicity, and neuroinflammation are present in this syndrome, which leads to neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease are considered late-onset diseases caused by the complex combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. There are two main types of Alzheimer's disease, known as familial Alzheimer's disease (onset < 65 years) and late-onset or sporadic Alzheimer's disease (onset ≥ 65 years). Patients with familial Alzheimer's disease inherit the disease due to rare mutations on the amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN1 and PSEN2) genes in an autosomal-dominantly fashion with closely 100% penetrance. In contrast, a different picture seems to emerge for sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which exhibits numerous non-Mendelian anomalies suggesting an epigenetic component in its etiology. Importantly, the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms driving Alzheimer's disease are interfaced with epigenetic dysregulation. However, the dynamic nature of epigenetics seems to open up new avenues and hope in regenerative neurogenesis to improve brain repair in Alzheimer's disease or following injury or stroke in humans. In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in using natural products for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease. Through epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, histone modification, and chromatin conformation regulation, natural compounds appear to exert neuroprotective effects. While we do not purport to cover every in this work, we do attempt to illustrate how various phytochemical compounds regulate the epigenetic effects of a few Alzheimer's disease-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willian Orlando Castillo-Ordoñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nohelia Cajas-Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
| | - Mayra Alejandra Velasco-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Deng J, Wang H, Fu T, Xu C, Zhu Q, Guo L, Zhu Y. Physical activity improves the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365589. [PMID: 38605880 PMCID: PMC11007231 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Our network meta-analysis aimed to ascertain the effect of physical activity on the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease as well as to propose tailored exercise interventions for each group. Methods Employing a frequentist approach, we performed a network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of different exercise interventions in improving the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Subsequently, we explored the moderating variables influencing the effectiveness of the exercise interventions through a subgroup analysis. Results We included 34 articles involving 3,074 participants in the meta-analysis, comprised of 1,537 participants from studies on mild cognitive impairment and 1,537 participants from studies on Alzheimer's disease. The articles included exhibited an average quality score of 6.6 (score studies) and 6.75 (reaction time [RT] studies), all passing the inconsistency test (p > 0.05). In the mild cognitive impairment literature, mind-body exercise emerged as the most effective exercise intervention (SMD = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.07-1.14). In Alzheimer's disease research, aerobic exercise was identified as the optimal exercise intervention (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.06-0.71). Conclusion The results of the subgroup analysis suggest that the most effective approach to enhancing the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment entails exercising at a frequency of three or more times per week for over 60 min each time and at a moderate intensity for more than 3 months. Suitable exercise options include mind-body exercise, multicomponent exercise, resistance exercise, and aerobic exercise. For individuals with Alzheimer's disease, we recommend moderately intense exercise twice per week for over 90 min per session and for a duration of 3 months or longer, with exercise options encompassing aerobic exercise and resistance exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Xu
- Ministry of Sports and National Defense Education, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liya Guo
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nguyen ST, Guo J, Song S, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Sanchez D, Brickman AM, Manly JJ, Schupf N, Lantigua RA, Mayeux RP, Gu Y. Physical Activity Moderates the Relationship between Cardiovascular Disease Risk Burden and Cognition in Older Adults. Neuroepidemiology 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38531336 PMCID: PMC11424774 DOI: 10.1159/000536354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older individuals with a higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden have a higher risk for accelerated cognitive decline and dementia. Physical activity (PA) is an inexpensive and accessible preventive measure to CVD, cognitive impairment, and dementia. The current study examined (1) whether PA moderates the relationship between CVD burden and cognition and (2) whether the moderating effect of PA differs by race/ethnicity groups and by APOE-ɛ4 status. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included participants from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a multiethnic, community-based, longitudinal study on aging and dementia among individuals aged 65 years and older who reside in northern Manhattan. All participants underwent an interview and a neuropsychological assessment for global cognition, memory, language, visuospatial, and speed functioning. RESULTS In 2,122 older individuals without dementia, having a higher CVD burden was associated with worse cognitive scores for global, language, speed, and visuospatial cognitive functions. PA mitigated the relationship between CVD burden and visuospatial function. Furthermore, PA mitigated the association of CVD burden with global cognition, language, and visuospatial functions in APOE-ɛ4 carriers but not in non-carriers. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our study suggests that PA may mitigate the negative association between CVD and cognition, especially in APOE-ɛ4 carriers. The moderating effect of PA did not differ by race/ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra T Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA,
| | - Jing Guo
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suhang Song
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Danurys Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rafael A Lantigua
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard P Mayeux
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yian Gu
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Randolph JJ, Lacritz LH, Colvin MK, Espe-Pfeifer P, Carter KR, Arnett PA, Fox-Fuller J, Aduen PA, Cullum CM, Sperling SA. Integrating Lifestyle Factor Science into Neuropsychological Practice: A National Academy of Neuropsychology Education Paper. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 39:121-139. [PMID: 37873931 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this paper is to review evidence and clinical implications related to lifestyle activities associated with promoting brain and cognitive health. Our review targets four key lifestyle factors: physical activity and exercise, social engagement, cognitively stimulating activity, and consuming Mediterranean-style diets. METHOD We conducted a critical review of the lifestyle factor literature in the four domains listed earlier. We contextualize this literature review by translating findings, when possible, into evidence-based recommendations to consider when providing neuropsychological services. RESULTS There is significant current evidence supporting the role of physical activity and exercise, social engagement, cognitively stimulating activity, and consuming Mediterranean-style diets on positive brain and cognitive health outcomes. While some null findings are present in all four areas reviewed, the weight of the evidence supports the notion that engaging in these activities may promote brain and cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS Clinical neuropsychologists can have confidence in recommending engagement in physical activity, social activity, and cognitively stimulating activity, and adhering to a Mediterranean-style diet to promote brain and cognitive health. We discuss limitations in existing lifestyle factor research and future directions to enhance the existing evidence base, including additional research with historically underrepresented groups and individuals with neurological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Randolph
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Randolph Neuropsychology Associates, PLLC, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Laura H Lacritz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mary K Colvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia Espe-Pfeifer
- Department of Psychiatry & Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Peter A Arnett
- Psychology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Fox-Fuller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula A Aduen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - C Munro Cullum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Scott A Sperling
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mayne RS, Biddle GJH, Edwardson CL, Hart ND, Daley AJ, Heron N. The relationship between general practitioner movement behaviours with burnout and fatigue. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:60. [PMID: 38365606 PMCID: PMC10870505 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is associated with feelings of burnout and fatigue, which in turn are associated with reduced performance among healthcare practitioners. This study explored movement behaviours of general practitioners (GPs) and the association between these behaviours with burnout and fatigue. METHODS GPs in Northern Ireland were asked to wear a thigh-worn accelerometer for seven days and complete validated questionnaires to assess the association between daily number of steps, time spent sitting and standing with feelings of burnout and fatigue. RESULTS Valid accelerometer data were obtained from 47 (77.0%) participants. Average workday sitting time, standing time and number of steps were 10.6 h (SD 1.5), 3.8 h (SD 1.3), and 7796 steps (SD 3116) respectively. Participants were less sedentary (8.0 h (SD 1.6)) and more active (4.7 h (SD 1.4) standing time and 12,408 steps (SD 4496)) on non-workdays. Fourteen (30.4%) participants reported burnout and sixteen (34.8%) reported severe fatigue. There were no significant associations between sitting, standing and step counts with burnout or fatigue (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION GPs were less active on workdays compared to non-workdays and exhibited high levels of sitting. Feelings of burnout and fatigue were highly prevalent, however movement behaviours were not found to be associated with burnout and fatigue. Given the increased sedentariness among GPs on workdays compared to non-workdays, GPs should consider how they can improve their movement behaviours on workdays to help optimise their wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Mayne
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Gregory J H Biddle
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, The Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nigel D Hart
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, The Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Neil Heron
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- School of Medicine, Keele University, David Weatherall Building, Keele, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Roccati E, Bindoff AD, Collins JM, Eastgate J, Borchard J, Alty J, King AE, Vickers JC, Carboni M, Logan C. Modifiable dementia risk factors and AT(N) biomarkers: findings from the EPAD cohort. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1346214. [PMID: 38384935 PMCID: PMC10879413 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1346214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Modifiable risk factors account for a substantial proportion of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and we currently have a discrete AT(N) biomarker profile for AD biomarkers: amyloid (A), p-tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N). Here, we investigated how modifiable risk factors relate to the three hallmark AT(N) biomarkers of AD. Methods Participants from the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) study underwent clinical assessments, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid collection and analysis. Generalized additive models (GAMs) with penalized regression splines were modeled in the AD Workbench on the NTKApp. Results A total of 1,434 participants were included (56% women, 39% APOE ε4+) with an average age of 65.5 (± 7.2) years. We found that modifiable risk factors of less education (t = 3.9, p < 0.001), less exercise (t = 2.1, p = 0.034), traumatic brain injury (t = -2.1, p = 0.036), and higher body mass index (t = -4.5, p < 0.001) were all significantly associated with higher AD biomarker burden. Discussion This cross-sectional study provides further support for modifiable risk factors displaying neuroprotective associations with the characteristic AT(N) biomarkers of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Roccati
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Aidan David Bindoff
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jessica Marie Collins
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Joshua Eastgate
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jay Borchard
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jane Alty
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Anna Elizabeth King
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - James Clement Vickers
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Chad Logan
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - EPAD Consortium
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ai M, Morris TP, Noriega de la Colina A, Thovinakere N, Tremblay-Mercier J, Villeneuve S, H Hillman C, Kramer AF, Geddes MR. Midlife physical activity engagement is associated with later-life brain health. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 134:146-159. [PMID: 38091752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between midlife physical activity (PA), and cognition and brain health in later life is poorly understood with conflicting results from previous research. Investigating the contribution of midlife PA to later-life cognition and brain health in high-risk populations will propel the development of health guidance for those most in need. The current study examined the association between midlife PA engagement and later-life cognition, grey matter characteristics and resting-state functional connectivity in older individuals at high-risk for Alzheimer's disease. The association between midlife PA and later-life cognitive function was not significant but was moderated by later-life PA. Meanwhile, greater midlife moderate-to-vigorous PA was associated with greater grey matter surface area in the left middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, greater midlife total PA was associated with diminished functional connectivity between bilateral middle frontal gyri and middle cingulum, supplementary motor areas, and greater functional connectivity between bilateral hippocampi and right cerebellum, Crus II. These results indicate the potentially independent contribution of midlife PA to later-life brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Ai
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Timothy P Morris
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier
- STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Maiya R Geddes
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada; STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nemoto Y, Brown WJ, Mielke GI. Trajectories of physical activity from mid to older age in women: 21 years of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:4. [PMID: 38191462 PMCID: PMC10773129 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's physical activity varies across the adult lifespan. However, changes in physical activity among mid-aged women are not well understood. We analysed 21 years of data from women born in 1946-51 to identify: (1) trajectories of physical activity in the transition from mid- to old-age and (2) determinants of different physical activity trajectories. METHODS Data were from the 1946-51 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (N = 10,371). Surveys were mailed at three-year intervals from 1998 (age 47-52) to 2019 (age 68-73) to collect data on physical activity, sociodemographic factors (country of birth, area of residence, educational attainment, marital status, income management, paid work hours, living with children age < 18, providing care), health indicators (menopause status, BMI, physical and mental health, chronic conditions), and health behaviours (smoking, alcohol status). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify trajectories of physical activity. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the determinants of physical activity trajectories. RESULTS Five trajectories were identified: Low-stable (13.3% of participants), Moderate-stable (50.4%), Moderate-increasing (22.2%), High-declining (7.7%), and High-stable (6.6%). Sociodemographic characteristics (area of residence, education, income management, living with children, and providing care) were determinants of physical activity trajectories, but the strongest factors were BMI, physical and mental health. Women who were overweight/obese and had poor physical and mental health were less likely to be in the High-stable group than in any other group. Changes in these variables (increasing BMI, and declining physical and mental health) and in marital status (getting married) were positively associated with being in trajectories other than the High-stable group. CONCLUSIONS Although most women maintained physical activity at or above current guidelines, very low physical activity levels in the Low-stable group, and declining levels in the High-declining group are concerning. The data suggest that physical activity promotion strategies could be targeted to these groups, which are characterised by socioeconomic disadvantage, high (and increasing) BMI, and poor (and worsening) physical and mental health. Removing barriers to physical activity in these women, and increasing opportunities for activity, may reduce chronic disease risk in older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Nemoto
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan.
| | - Wendy J Brown
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, 4229, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Gregore Iven Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Perneczky R. Alzheimer's Disease Prevention and Treatment Based on Population-Based Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2785:15-33. [PMID: 38427185 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3774-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of effective prevention and treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia is hindered by limited knowledge of the underlying biological and environmental causes. While certain genetic factors have been associated with AD, and various lifestyle and environmental factors have been linked to dementia risk, the interactions between genes and the environment are not yet fully understood. To identify new avenues for dementia prevention, coordinated global efforts are needed to utilize existing cohorts and resources effectively and efficiently. This chapter provides an overview of current research on risk and protective factors for AD and dementia and discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with population-based approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang N, Xu H, West JS, Østbye T, Wu B, Xian Y, Dupre ME. Association between perceived risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and cognitive function among U.S. older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 115:105126. [PMID: 37494832 PMCID: PMC10615679 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to assess factors associated with the perceived risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and how the perceived risk of ADRD was related to cognitive function. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using 5 waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study (2012-2022) that included adults aged 65 years or older with no previous diagnosis of ADRD at baseline. Cognitive function was measured at baseline and over time using a summary score that included immediate/delayed word recall, serial 7's test, objective naming test, backwards counting, recall of the current date, and naming the president/vice-president (range = 0-35). Perceived risk of developing ADRD was categorized at baseline as "definitely not" (0% probability), "unlikely" (1-49%), "uncertain" (50%), and "more than likely" (>50-100%). Additional baseline measures included participants' sociodemographic background, psychosocial resources, health behaviors, physiological status, and healthcare utilization. RESULTS Of 1457 respondents (median age 74 [IQR = 69-80] and 59.8% women), individuals who perceived that they were "more than likely" to develop ADRD had more depressive symptoms and were more likely to be hospitalized in the past two years than individuals who indicated that it was "unlikely" they would develop ADRD. Alternatively, respondnets who perceived that they would "definitely not" develop ADRD were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black, less educated, and have lower income than individuals who indicated it was "unlikely" they would develop ADRD. Respondents who reported their risks of developing ADRD as "more than likely" (β = -2.10, P < 0.001) and "definitely not" (β = -1.50, P < 0.001) had the lowest levels of cognitive function; and the associations were explained in part by their socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health status. CONCLUSIONS Perceived risk of developing ADRD is associated with cognitive function. The (dis)concordance between individuals' perceived risk of ADRD and their cognitive function has important implications for increasing public awareness and developing interventions to prevent ADRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UC-Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Hanzhang Xu
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America.
| | - Jessica S West
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Truls Østbye
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Bei Wu
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ying Xian
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Matthew E Dupre
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America; Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zegarra-Valdivia JA, Pignatelli J, Nuñez A, Torres Aleman I. The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor I in Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability to Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16440. [PMID: 38003628 PMCID: PMC10671249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of intense research, disease-modifying therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still very much needed. Apart from the extensively analyzed tau and amyloid pathological cascades, two promising avenues of research that may eventually identify new druggable targets for AD are based on a better understanding of the mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability to this condition. We argue that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) activity in the brain provides a common substrate for the mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability to AD. We postulate that preserved brain IGF-I activity contributes to resilience to AD pathology as this growth factor intervenes in all the major pathological cascades considered to be involved in AD, including metabolic impairment, altered proteostasis, and inflammation, to name the three that are considered to be the most important ones. Conversely, disturbed IGF-I activity is found in many AD risk factors, such as old age, type 2 diabetes, imbalanced diet, sedentary life, sociality, stroke, stress, and low education, whereas the Apolipoprotein (Apo) E4 genotype and traumatic brain injury may also be influenced by brain IGF-I activity. Accordingly, IGF-I activity should be taken into consideration when analyzing these processes, while its preservation will predictably help prevent the progress of AD pathology. Thus, we need to define IGF-I activity in all these conditions and develop a means to preserve it. However, defining brain IGF-I activity cannot be solely based on humoral or tissue levels of this neurotrophic factor, and new functionally based assessments need to be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Zegarra-Valdivia
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- School of Medicine, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo 14000, Peru
| | - Jaime Pignatelli
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Nuñez
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Torres Aleman
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Molina Hidalgo C, Collins AM, Crisafio ME, Grove G, Kamarck TW, Kang C, Leckie RL, MacDonald M, Manuck SB, Marsland AL, Muldoon MF, Rasero J, Scudder MR, Velazquez-Diaz D, Verstynen T, Wan L, Gianaros PJ, Erickson KI. Effects of a laboratory-based aerobic exercise intervention on brain volume and cardiovascular health markers: protocol for a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e077905. [PMID: 37968003 PMCID: PMC10660203 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on brain health and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Yet, we know little about whether PA-induced changes to physiological mediators of CVD risk influence brain health and whether benefits to brain health may also explain PA-induced improvements to CVD risk. This study combines neurobiological and peripheral physiological methods in the context of a randomised clinical trial to better understand the links between exercise, brain health and CVD risk. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this 12-month trial, 130 healthy individuals between the ages of 26 and 58 will be randomly assigned to either: (1) moderate-intensity aerobic PA for 150 min/week or (2) a health information control group. Cardiovascular, neuroimaging and PA measurements will occur for both groups before and after the intervention. Primary outcomes include changes in (1) brain structural areas (ie, hippocampal volume); (2) systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses to functional MRI cognitive stressor tasks and (3) heart rate variability. The main secondary outcomes include changes in (1) brain activity, resting state connectivity, cortical thickness and cortical volume; (2) daily life SBP stress reactivity; (3) negative and positive affect; (4) baroreflex sensitivity; (5) pulse wave velocity; (6) endothelial function and (7) daily life positive and negative affect. Our results are expected to have both mechanistic and public health implications regarding brain-body interactions in the context of cardiovascular health. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board (IRB ID: 19020218). This study will comply with the NIH Data Sharing Policy and Policy on the Dissemination of NIH-Funded Clinical Trial Information and the Clinical Trials Registration and Results Information Submission rule. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03841669.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Molina Hidalgo
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Audrey M Collins
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary E Crisafio
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - George Grove
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas W Kamarck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chaeryon Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Regina L Leckie
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Madison MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen B Manuck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna L Marsland
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew F Muldoon
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Javier Rasero
- ExPhy Research group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mark R Scudder
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Velazquez-Diaz
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- ExPhy Research group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Timothy Verstynen
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lu Wan
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter J Gianaros
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kong D, Lu P, Lee YH, Wu B, Shelley M. Health Behavior Patterns and Associated Risk of Memory-Related Disorders Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples. Res Aging 2023; 45:666-677. [PMID: 36800501 DOI: 10.1177/01640275231157784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Studies on the interdependence of couples' health behaviors and subsequent cognitive outcomes remain limited. Methods: Longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018) were used (N = 1869 heterosexual couples). Latent class analysis identified the dyadic pattern of health behaviors in 2011 (i.e., alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical inactivity). Stratified Cox models examined the association of latent classes with risk of developing memory-related disorders in 2013-2018. Results: Three classes were identified: class 1 (21.25%, only husband smoke, and both active), class 2 (47.55%, both inactive, neither drink nor smoke), and class 3 (31.20%, both drink and smoke, and both active). Couples' sedentary lifestyle was associated with an increased risk of memory-related disorders among both husbands and wives. Conclusion: Couples were moderately concordant in their physical activity but weakly in smoking and drinking. Couple-based interventions, especially promoting physical activity, may reduce cognitive aging among middle-aged and older Chinese couples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexia Kong
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peiyi Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yen-Han Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mack Shelley
- Department of Political Science, Statistics, and School of Education, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ye KX, Sun L, Wang L, Khoo ALY, Lim KX, Lu G, Yu L, Li C, Maier AB, Feng L. The role of lifestyle factors in cognitive health and dementia in oldest-old: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105286. [PMID: 37321363 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oldest-old is the fastest growing segment of society. A substantial number of these individuals are cognitively impaired or demented. Given the lack of a cure, attention is directed to lifestyle interventions that could help alleviate the stress in patients, their families, and society. The aim of this review was to identify lifestyle factors with important roles in dementia prevention in oldest-old. Searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. We identified 27 observational cohort studies that met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables, and participation in leisure and physical activities may protect against cognitive decline and cognitive impairment among oldest-old regardless of the APOE genotype. Combined lifestyles may generate multiplicative effects than individual factors. This is the first review known to systematically examine the association between lifestyle and cognitive health in oldest-old. Lifestyle interventions for diet, leisure, or a combination of lifestyles could be beneficial for cognitive function in oldest-old. Interventional studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisy Xinhong Ye
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lina Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Anderson Li Yang Khoo
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kai Xuan Lim
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Guohua Lu
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lirong Yu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Andrea Britta Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Feng
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu J, Liu R, Zhang Y, Lao X, Mandeville KL, Ma X, Di Q. Leisure-time physical activity mitigated the cognitive effect of PM 2.5 and PM 2.5 components exposure: Evidence from a nationwide longitudinal study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 179:108143. [PMID: 37598596 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impairs cognition, while physical activity (PA) improves cognitive function. However, whether taking PA with PM2.5 exposure is still beneficial to cognition remains unknown. METHODS We utilized national representative longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS), comprising a total sample of 108,099 from 2010 to 2018 in three waves. Cognitive performance and leisure-time PA were measured using the standard cognitive module and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Gridded overall PM2.5 and major chemical components of PM2.5 were estimated using a two-stage machine learning model and matched to each participant based on their residential location. Mixed-effect models and difference-in-difference models were employed to investigate the individual and joint effects of total PM2.5, PM2.5 components, and leisure-time PA on cognition. RESULTS Every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a -0.035 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.052, -0.018) point change in cognitive score. All PM2.5 components exhibited negative associations with cognitive change, with black carbon (BC) contributing the most significant cognitive decline (β = -1.025, 95% CI = -1.367, -0.683). Every one-time (or one-hour) increase in leisure-time PA frequency (or PA time) per week was associated with an increase in cognitive score by 0.576 (0.270) points (PA frequency: 95% CI = 0.544, 0.608, PA time: 95% CI = 0.248, 0.293). PA frequency (β = -0.005, 95% CI = -0.006, -0.003) and PA time (β = -0.002, 95% CI = -0.003, -0.001) exhibited interactive effects with PM2.5. Increased PA frequency and time were more beneficial to cognitive function in the low PM2.5 exposure group compared to those exposed to high PM2.5 levels. Moreover, relative to lower PM2.5 exposure, the cognitive benefits of physically active individuals with higher PM2.5 exposure were attenuated but still improved cognition when compared to those with no PA. CONCLUSION Engaging in leisure-time PA provides cognitive benefits even under PM2.5 exposure, although PM2.5 exposure attenuates these benefits. Among all PM2.5 components, BC demonstrated the most significant cognitive hazard and interaction with leisure-time PA. Promoting PA as a preventive measure may offer a cost-effective and convenient strategy to mitigate the negative impact of PM2.5 exposure on cognition. There is no excuse to avoid PA under PM2.5 exposure, as its cognitive benefits persist even in polluted environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ruidong Liu
- China Athletics College, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Soochow College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Xiangqian Lao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kate L Mandeville
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Choe YM, Suh GH, Lee BC, Choi IG, Kim HS, Kim JW, Hwang J, Yi D, Kim JW. High-intensity walking in midlife is associated with improved memory in physically capable older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:143. [PMID: 37644550 PMCID: PMC10463890 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the associations of midlife- and late life-initiated walking with Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cognitive decline in humans. We aimed to investigate whether high-intensity, prolonged, midlife-initiated walking is associated with changes in AD-related cognitive decline in physically capable older adults. METHODS We studied 188 physically capable participants aged 65-90 years without dementia who underwent comprehensive clinical assessment, including of their walking modality (i.e., intensity, duration, midlife- or late life-onset), memory- or non-memory and total cognitive performance, and blood or nutritional biomarkers. RESULTS The walking group showed better episodic memory (B = 2.852, SE = 1.214, β = 0.144, p = 0.020), but not non-memory cognition, than the non-walking group. High-intensity walking starting in midlife was significantly associated with better episodic memory (B = 9.360, SE = 3.314, β = 0.446, p = 0.005) compared to the non-walking group. In contrast, there were no differences in cognition according to walking duration, regardless of the onset time. The walking group also showed a similar association with overall cognition. CONCLUSIONS Among physically capable older adults without dementia, walking, particularly at high intensity and starting in midlife, is associated with improved episodic memory, an AD-related cognitive domain. Further attention should be paid to the role of walking in terms of AD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Choe
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Guk-Hee Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Boung Chul Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Geun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul W Psychiatric Office, Seoul, 08594, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee BC, Choe YM, Suh GH, Choi IG, Kim HS, Hwang J, Yi D, Kim JW. Association between physical activity and episodic memory and the moderating effects of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and age. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1184609. [PMID: 37496755 PMCID: PMC10366607 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1184609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An abundance of evidence indicates that physical activity may protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related cognitive decline. However, little is known about the association between physical activity and AD-related cognitive decline according to age and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele (APOE4) as major risk factors. Therefore, we examined whether age and APOE4 status modulate the effects of physical activity on episodic memory as AD-related cognition in non-demented older adults. Methods We enrolled 196 adults aged between 65 and 90 years, with no dementia. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical assessments including physical activity evaluation and APOE genotyping. The AD-related cognitive domain was assessed by the episodic memory, as the earliest cognitive change in AD, and non-memory cognition for comparative purposes. Overall cognition was assessed by the total score (TS) of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease neuropsychological battery. Results We found significant physical activity × age and physical activity × APOE4 interaction effects on episodic memory. Subgroup analyses indicated that an association between physical activity and increased episodic memory was apparent only in subjects aged > 70 years, and in APOE4-positive subjects. Conclusion Our findings suggest that physical activity has beneficial effects on episodic memory, as an AD-related cognitive domain, in individuals aged > 70 years and in APOE4-positive individuals. Physicians should take age and APOE4 status account into when recommending physical activity to prevent AD-related cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boung Chul Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Choe
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Guk-Hee Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Geun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul W Psychiatric Office, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hwang PH, Ang TFA, De Anda-Duran I, Liu X, Liu Y, Gurnani A, Mez J, Auerbach S, Joshi P, Yuan J, Devine S, Au R, Liu C. Examination of potentially modifiable dementia risk factors across the adult life course: The Framingham Heart Study. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2975-2983. [PMID: 36656649 PMCID: PMC10354206 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined for associations between potentially modifiable risk factors across the adult life course and incident dementia. METHODS Participants from the Framingham Heart Study were included (n = 4015). Potential modifiable risk factors included education, alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, social network, diabetes, and hypertension. Cox models were used to examine associations between each factor and incident dementia, stratified by early adult life (33-44 years), midlife (45-65 years), and late life (66-80 years). RESULTS Increased dementia risk was associated with diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-2.46) and physical inactivity (HR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.12-2.20) in midlife, and with obesity (HR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.08-2.87) in late life. Having multiple potential modifiable risk factors in midlife and late life was associated with greater risk. DISCUSSION Potentially modifiable risk factors individually have limited impact on dementia risk in this population across the adult life course, although in combination they may have a synergistic effect. HIGHLIGHTS Diabetes and physical inactivity in midlife is associated with increased dementia risk. Obesity in late life is associated with increased dementia risk. Having more potentially modifiable risk factors in midlife and late life is associated with greater dementia risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip H. Hwang
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ting Fang Alvin Ang
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ileana De Anda-Duran
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashita Gurnani
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Sanford Auerbach
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Prajakta Joshi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of General Dentistry, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sherral Devine
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Rhoda Au
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gajewski PD, Golka K, Hengstler JG, Kadhum T, Digutsch J, Genç E, Wascher E, Getzmann S. Does physical fitness affect cognitive functions differently across adulthood? An advantage of being older. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1134770. [PMID: 37397318 PMCID: PMC10312084 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a large interindividual variability in cognitive functioning with increasing age due to biological and lifestyle factors. One of the most important lifestyle factors is the level of physical fitness (PF). The link between PF and brain activity is widely accepted but the specificity of cognitive functions affected by physical fitness across the adult lifespan is less understood. The present study aims to clarify whether PF is basically related to cognition and general intelligence in healthy adults, and whether higher levels of PF are associated with better performance in the same or different cognitive functions at different ages. Methods A sample of 490 participants (20-70 years) was analyzed to examine this relationship. Later, the sample was split half into the young to middle-aged group (YM; 20-45 years; n = 254), and the middleaged to older group (MO; 46-70 years; n = 236). PF was measured by a quotient of maximum power in a bicycle ergometry test PWC-130 divided by body weight (W/kg), which was supported by a self-reported level of PF. Cognitive performance was evaluated by standardized neuropsychological test batteries. Results Regression models showed a relationship between PF and general intelligence (g-factor) and its subcomponents extracted using structural equation modeling (SEM) in the entire sample. This association was moderated by age, which also moderated some specific cognitive domains such as attention, logical reasoning, and interference processing. After splitting the sample into two age groups, a significant relationship was found between cognitive status, as assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and PF in both age groups. However, apart from cognitive failures in daily life (CFQ), no other association between PF and specific cognitive functions was found in the YM group. In contrast, several positive associations were observed in the MO group, such as with selective attention, verbal memory, working memory, logical reasoning, and interference processing. Discussion These findings show that middle-aged to older adults benefit more from PF than younger to middle-aged adults. The results are discussed in terms of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the cognitive effects of PF across the lifespan. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05155397, identifier NCT05155397.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D. Gajewski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Klaus Golka
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thura Kadhum
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Rehabilitation, Mittelrhein-Klinik, Boppard - Bad Salzig, Boppard, Germany
| | - Jan Digutsch
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Behavioral Science and Technology, University of St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Erhan Genç
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Edmund Wascher
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stephan Getzmann
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Intzandt B, Sanami S, Huck J, Villeneuve S, Bherer L, Gauthier CJ. Sex-specific relationships between obesity, physical activity, and gray and white matter volume in cognitively unimpaired older adults. GeroScience 2023; 45:1869-1888. [PMID: 36781598 PMCID: PMC10400512 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Independently, obesity and physical activity (PA) influence cerebral structure in aging, yet their interaction has not been investigated. We examined sex differences in the relationships among PA, obesity, and cerebral structure in aging with 340 participants who completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition to quantify grey matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV). Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). A PA questionnaire was used to estimate weekly Metabolic Equivalents. The relationships between BMI, PA, and their interaction on GMV Regions of Interest (ROIs) and WMV ROIs were examined. Increased BMI was associated with higher GMV in females, an inverse U relationship was found between PA and GMV in females, and the interaction indicated that regardless of BMI greater PA was associated with enhanced GMV. Males demonstrated an inverse U shape between BMI and GMV, and in males with high PA and had normal weight demonstrated greater GMV than normal weight low PA revealed by the interaction. WMV ROIs had a linear relationship with moderate PA in females, whereas in males, increased BMI was associated with lower WMV as well as a positive relationship with moderate PA and WMV. Males and females have unique relationships among GMV, PA and BMI, suggesting sex-aggregated analyses may lead to biased or non-significant results. These results suggest higher BMI, and PA are associated with increased GMV in females, uniquely different from males, highlighting the importance of sex-disaggregated models. Future work should include other imaging parameters, such as perfusion, to identify if these differences co-occur in the same regions as GMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Intzandt
- School of Graduate Studies, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1N1 Canada
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, H3W 1W6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, H1T 1N6 Canada
| | - Safa Sanami
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, H1T 1N6 Canada
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Julia Huck
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, H4H 1R3 Canada
- STOP-AD Centre, Montreal Canada, Montreal, H4H 1R3 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, H3A 1Y2 Montreal Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, H3W 1W6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, H1T 1N6 Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Claudine J. Gauthier
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, H1T 1N6 Canada
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H4B 1R6 Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1J4 Canada
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zheng L, Eramudugolla R, Cherbuin N, Drouin SM, Dixon RA, Anstey KJ. Gender specific factors contributing to cognitive resilience in APOE ɛ4 positive older adults in a population-based sample. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8037. [PMID: 37198167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although APOE ɛ4 has been identified as the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease, there are some APOE ɛ4 carriers who do not go on to develop Alzheimer's disease or cognitive impairment. This study aims to investigate factors contributing to this "resilience" separately by gender. Data were drawn from APOE ɛ4 positive participants who were aged 60 + at baseline in the Personality and Total Health Through Life (PATH) Study (N = 341, Women = 46.3%). Participants were categorised into "resilient" and "non-resilient" groups using Latent Class Analysis based on their cognitive impairment status and cognitive trajectory across 12 years. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk and protective factors that contributed to resilience stratified by gender. For APOE ɛ4 carriers who have not had a stroke, predictors of resilience were increased frequency of mild physical activity and being employed at baseline for men, and increased number of mental activities engaged in at baseline for women. The results provide insights into a novel way of classifying resilience among APOE ɛ4 carriers and risk and protective factors contributing to resilience separately for men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zheng
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia.
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ranmalee Eramudugolla
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Shannon M Drouin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Roger A Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhong Q, Zhou R, Huang YN, Chen HW, Liu HM, Huang Z, Yuan Z, Wu K, Cao BF, Liu K, Fan WD, Liang YQ, Wu XB. The independent and joint association of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with dementia: a cohort study in the UK Biobank. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:59. [PMID: 37198574 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the association of physical activity and sedentary time with dementia is accumulating, though elusive, and the interaction effects of the two remain unclear. We analysed the joint associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with risk of incident dementia (all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia). METHODS A total of 90,320 individuals from the UK Biobank were included. Accelerometer-measured total volume of physical activity (TPA) and sedentary time were measured at baseline and dichotomised by median (low TPA [< 27 milli-gravity (milli-g)], high TPA [≥ 27 milli-g]; low sedentary time [< 10.7 h/day], high sedentary time [≥ 10.7 h/day]). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the joint associations with incident dementia on both additive and multiplicative scales. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 501 cases of all-cause dementia were identified. Higher TPA was associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia; the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CI) per 10 milli-g increase were 0.63 (0.55-0.71), 0.74 (0.60-0.90) and 0.69 (0.51-0.93), respectively. Sedentary time was only found to be linked to all-cause dementia, and the HR for high sedentary time was 1.03 (1.01-1.06) compared with that for low sedentary time. No additive and multiplicative relationship of TPA and sedentary time to incident dementia was found (all P values > 0.05). CONCLUSION Higher TPA level was related to a lower risk of incident dementia irrespective of sedentary time, which highlighted the implication of promoting physical activity participation to counteract the potential detrimental effect of sedentary time on dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Ning Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao-Wen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zelin Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Keyi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bi-Fei Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Dong Fan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong-Qi Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xian-Bo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1063-No.1023 of Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mao S, Xie L, Lu N. Activity engagement and cognitive function among chinese older adults: moderating roles of gender and age. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:223. [PMID: 37024815 PMCID: PMC10080791 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have found that engaging in activities, including physical exercise, social interaction, and cognitive training, is beneficial for preventing cognitive decline among older adults; however, the demographic differences in the association between activity engagement and cognitive functions remain understudied. This study investigates: (a) the influence of activity engagement on cognitive functions among Chinese older adults, and (b) the moderating roles of age and gender in these associations . METHODS The data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018, which included 9803 participants aged 60 or older. A multiple regression model was used to test the study hypotheses. RESULTS Engaging in physical activity (b = 1.578, p < .001), social interaction (b = 1.199, p < .001), and cognitive activity (b = 1.468, p < .001) was positively associated with cognitive functions, whereas the effect of volunteer activities on cognitive functions was not significant (b = -.167, p = .390). Light- and moderate-intensity activities were beneficial for cognition (light: b = .847, p < .001; moderate: b = 1.189, p < .001), but vigorous-intensity activity was negatively related to cognition (b = -.767, p < .001). In addition, women and participants with advanced age appeared to benefit more from cognitive activities than their male and younger counterparts, respectively (gender: b = 1.217, p = .002; age: b = .086, p = .004). The adverse effects of vigorous-intensity activities (including agricultural work) on cognitive health were stronger for women and younger participants (gender: b = -1.472, p < .001; age: b = .115, p < .001). The protective effects of moderate-intensity activities on people's cognition increased with increasing age (b = .055, p = .012). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that participating in physical, social, and cognitive activities can help older adults to maintain cognitive health. They suggest that older adults should select activities while considering activity intensity and their individual characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Mao
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Xie
- Center for Population and Development Studies, Renmin University of China, Room 604, Chongde Building, No. 59, Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100872, China.
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pham AQ, Dore K. Novel approaches to increase synaptic resilience as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 139:84-92. [PMID: 35370089 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A significant proportion of brains with Alzheimer's disease pathology are obtained from patients that were cognitively normal, suggesting that differences within the brains of these individuals made them resilient to the disease. Here, we describe recent approaches that specifically increase synaptic resilience, as loss of synapses is considered to be the first change in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. We start by discussing studies showing benefit from increased expression of neurotrophic factors and protective genes. Methods that effectively make dendritic spines stronger, specifically by acting through actin network proteins, scaffolding proteins and inhibition of phosphatases are described next. Importantly, the therapeutic strategies presented in this review tackle Alzheimer's disease not by targeting plaques and tangles, but instead by making synapses resilient to the pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease, which has tremendous potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Q Pham
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, UCSD, La Jolla 92093, United States
| | - Kim Dore
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, UCSD, La Jolla 92093, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kondaveeti SN, Thekkekkara D, T LN, Manjula SN, Tausif YM, Babu A, Meheronnisha SK. A Deep Insight into the Correlation Between Gut Dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s Amyloidopathy. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/0976500x221150310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has shown a strong correlation between gut dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Purpose To investigate the relationship between gut dysbiosis, immune system activation, and the onset of AD and to examine current breakthroughs in microbiota-targeted AD therapeutics. Methods A review of scientific literature was conducted to assess the correlation between gut dysbiosis and AD and the various factors associated. Results Gut dysbiosis produces an increase in harmful substances, such as bacterial amyloids, which makes the gut barrier and blood-brain barrier more permeable. This leads to the stimulation of immunological responses and an increase in cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β). As a result, gut dysbiosis accelerates the progression of AD. Conclusion The review highlights the connection between gut dysbiosis and AD and the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies in AD treatment. Pictorial Abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dithu Thekkekkara
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Lakshmi Narayanan T
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - S. N. Manjula
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Y Mohammed Tausif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Amrita Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - SK Meheronnisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
A Scoping Review on Community-Based Programs to Promote Physical Activity in Older Immigrants. J Aging Phys Act 2023; 31:144-154. [PMID: 35606098 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Older immigrants are at higher risks for inactivity due to cultural, environmental, and social barriers in the postmigration context. Community-based physical activity (PA) programs increase PA in older adults, yet little is known about approaches that specifically target older immigrants. This scoping review explores the literature on community-based programs that increase PA and physical fitness in immigrant older adults and identifies barriers and facilitators to PA program participation in this population. A systematic search of electronic databases and gray literature was conducted, and a total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria after full-text screening. A range of populations and PA program characteristics are described, yet there is a lack of studies on older immigrant men, Black older immigrants, and immigrants from Arab and African countries. There is a need for further research to develop evidence-informed PA programs for this diverse population.
Collapse
|
37
|
Moitra S, Carsin AE, Abramson MJ, Accordini S, Amaral AFS, Anto J, Bono R, Casas Ruiz L, Cerveri I, Chatzi L, Demoly P, Dorado-Arenas S, Forsberg B, Gilliland F, Gislason T, Gullón JA, Heinrich J, Holm M, Janson C, Jogi R, Gómez Real F, Jarvis D, Leynaert B, Nowak D, Probst-Hensch N, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Raherison-Semjen C, Siroux V, Guerra S, Kogevinas M, Garcia-Aymerich J. Long-term effect of asthma on the development of obesity among adults: an international cohort study, ECRHS. Thorax 2023; 78:128-135. [PMID: 35477559 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a known risk factor for asthma. Although some evidence showed asthma causing obesity in children, the link between asthma and obesity has not been investigated in adults. METHODS We used data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS), a cohort study in 11 European countries and Australia in 3 waves between 1990 and 2014, at intervals of approximately 10 years. We considered two study periods: from ECRHS I (t) to ECRHS II (t+1), and from ECRHS II (t) to ECRHS III (t+1). We excluded obese (body mass index≥30 kg/m2) individuals at visit t. The relative risk (RR) of obesity at t+1 associated with asthma at t was estimated by multivariable modified Poisson regression (lag) with repeated measurements. Additionally, we examined the association of atopy and asthma medication on the development of obesity. RESULTS We included 7576 participants in the period ECRHS I-II (51.5% female, mean (SD) age of 34 (7) years) and 4976 in ECRHS II-III (51.3% female, 42 (8) years). 9% of participants became obese in ECRHS I-II and 15% in ECRHS II-III. The risk of developing obesity was higher among asthmatics than non-asthmatics (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.38), and particularly higher among non-atopic than atopic (1.47; 1.17 to 1.86 vs 1.04; 0.86 to 1.27), those with longer disease duration (1.32; 1.10 to 1.59 in >20 years vs 1.12; 0.87 to 1.43 in ≤20 years) and those on oral corticosteroids (1.99; 1.26 to 3.15 vs 1.15; 1.03 to 1.28). Physical activity was not a mediator of this association. CONCLUSION This is the first study showing that adult asthmatics have a higher risk of developing obesity than non-asthmatics, particularly those non-atopic, of longer disease duration or on oral corticosteroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Moitra
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne-Elie Carsin
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andre F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Josep Anto
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Lidia Casas Ruiz
- Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.,Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isa Cerveri
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Rethimno, Greece.,Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Demoly
- Department of Pulmonology, Division of Allergy, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Equipe, EPAR - IPLESP, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Dorado-Arenas
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Department of Sleep, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jose A Gullón
- Department of Pneumology, Universitary Hospital San Agustín, Avilés, Spain
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institut of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Mathias Holm
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jogi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Francisco Gómez Real
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Inserm - U1168, VIMA (Aging and Chronic Diseases. Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), INSERM, Villejuif, France.,UMR-S 1168, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UVSQ, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Valerie Siroux
- Team of Environemental Epidemiology, Inserm U1209, Univ Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona Medical Center - University Campus, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- Non-Communicable Diseases and Environment Programme, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Redondo-Flórez L, Ruisoto P, Navarro-Jiménez E, Ramos-Campo DJ, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Metabolic Health, Mitochondrial Fitness, Physical Activity, and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:814. [PMID: 36765772 PMCID: PMC9913323 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a significant global health issue. Traditional genetic-based approaches to understanding and treating cancer have had limited success. Researchers are increasingly exploring the impact of the environment, specifically inflammation and metabolism, on cancer development. Examining the role of mitochondria in this context is crucial for understanding the connections between metabolic health, physical activity, and cancer. This study aimed to review the literature on this topic through a comprehensive narrative review of various databases including MedLine (PubMed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, PsychINFO, and CinAhl. The review highlighted the importance of mitochondrial function in overall health and in regulating key events in cancer development, such as apoptosis. The concept of "mitochondrial fitness" emphasizes the crucial role of mitochondria in cell metabolism, particularly their oxidative functions, and how proper function can prevent replication errors and regulate apoptosis. Engaging in high-energy-demanding movement, such as exercise, is a powerful intervention for improving mitochondrial function and increasing resistance to environmental stressors. These findings support the significance of considering the role of the environment, specifically inflammation and metabolism, in cancer development and treatment. Further research is required to fully understand the mechanisms by which physical activity improves mitochondrial function and potentially reduces the risk of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ruisoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Navarre, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing preventive measures to improve cognitive health of the growing older adult population is a public health priority. Though, the links between low-cost non-pharmacologist interventions that target activities like hobbies and cognitive health remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We conducted a topical review of extant literature to characterize prior findings in context and identify potential research opportunities. METHODS Search criteria was conducted with search terms "Hobbies and Dementia", "Hobbies and Cognitive Health," "Leisure Activities and Dementia," and "Leisure Activities and Cognitive Health". From the initial 383 articles, 25 articles were selected for review by using broad inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Of the 25 articles included in this review, 19 were longitudinal cohort, 1 was a retrospective cohort, 2 were case-control, and 3 were cross-sectional. These studies classified hobbies as leisure activities that were cognitive/intellectual, cultural, religious, social, gardening, traveling, or physical. These studies were conducted in the United States (9), United Kingdom (3), Sweden (3), France (5), Finland (1), Korea (1), Japan (2), and China (1). The associations of different types of hobbies with dementia from these studies were not consistent. Inconsistencies could be due to limitations of study design, lack of standardized methods, sample diversity, and differences in factors like social/cultural environment across the study populations. CONCLUSION This review examined existing evidence for the association between engagement in different types of hobbies and dementia and identified key knowledge gaps and promising approaches for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay T Kyaw
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alec Levine
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Jin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Galle SA, Deijen JB, Milders MV, De Greef MHG, Scherder EJA, van Duijn CM, Drent ML. The effects of a moderate physical activity intervention on physical fitness and cognition in healthy elderly with low levels of physical activity: a randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:12. [PMID: 36631905 PMCID: PMC9832427 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing physical activity is one of the most promising and challenging interventions to delay or prevent cognitive decline and dementia. METHODS We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a physical activity intervention, aimed at increasing step count, in elderly with low levels of physical activity on measures of strength, balance, aerobic capacity, and cognition. Participants were assigned to 9 months of exercise counseling or active control. RESULTS The intention-to-treat analyses show that the intervention, compared to control, increases the level of physical activity, but has no significant effect on physical fitness and cognition. Those who increased their physical activity with 35% or more show significant improvements in aerobic capacity, gait speed, verbal memory, executive functioning, and global cognition, compared to those who did not achieve a 35% increase. LIMITATIONS The number of participants that achieved the intended improvement was lower than expected. CONCLUSION Responder analyses suggest an improvement of physical fitness and cognition in those who achieved an increase in physical activity of at least 35%. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial protocol is registered at the Dutch Trial Register NL5675, August 1, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Galle
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Berend Deijen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Hersencentrum Mental Health Institute, Marnixstraat 364, 1016 XW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten V Milders
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu H G De Greef
- Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J A Scherder
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Madeleine L Drent
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Section, Amsterdam University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kuhne LA, Ksiezarczyk AM, Braumann KM, Reer R, Jacobs T, Röder B, Hötting K. Cardiovascular exercise, learning, memory, and cytokines: Results of a ten-week randomized controlled training study in young adults. Biol Psychol 2023; 176:108466. [PMID: 36455805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise has been shown to enhance memory and to increase neuroplasticity. Rodent studies have revealed modulating effects of signaling molecules of the immune system (cytokines) on hippocampal plasticity and memory. Acute and chronic exercise have been both found to alter the number and function of immune cells. Thus, physical exercise might enhance neuroplasticity via an altered immune response. In this study we tested whether multiple repetitions of a vocabulary learning task combined with a bout of cardiovascular exercise enhances learning in humans and whether memory improvements correlated with acute exercise-induced cytokine changes. Data of 52 participants (20-40 years of age) who were randomly assigned to a cardiovascular exercise group (cycling) or a control group (stretching) were analyzed. During the 10-week treatment, participants completed 18 learning-exercise sessions. In each of these sessions, the vocabulary learning task was always performed immediately before exercising started. To assess acute exercise-induced changes in cytokine levels, blood sampling was performed at rest and immediately after exercising in two of the sessions. Learning success measured as increase in learning across all sessions and vocabulary retention four weeks after the treatment had ended did not differ between groups. The cycling group showed a relatively larger acute increase in IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-4, and IFN-γ compared to the stretching group. Exploratory analyses revealed significant positive associations between within-session learning and acute exercise-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-1ra in the cycling group only. These results suggest that the immune system may act as a mediator of exercise-induced cognitive benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Kuhne
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Rüdiger Reer
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Röder
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Hötting
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
COVID-19: self-reported reductions in physical activity and increases in sedentary behaviour during the first national lockdown in the United Kingdom. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2023; 19:139-146. [PMID: 36320439 PMCID: PMC9607757 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-01012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The United Kingdom (UK) government imposed its first national lockdown in response to COVID-19 on the 23rd of March 2020. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour levels are likely to have changed during this period. Methods An online survey was completed by n = 266 adults living within the UK. Differences in day-to-day and recreational physical activity (at moderate and vigorous intensities), travel via foot/cycle, and sedentary behaviour were compared before and during the initial COVID-19 lockdown. Results The median level of total weekly physical activity significantly reduced (- 15%, p < 0.001) and daily sedentary time significantly increased (+ 33%, p < 0.001). The former was caused by a significant reduction in weekly day-to-day physical activity at moderate intensities (p < 0.001), recreational activities at vigorous (p = 0.016) and moderate (p = 0.030) intensities, and travel by foot/cycle (p = 0.031). Sub-group analyses revealed that some populations became disproportionally more physically inactive and/or sedentary than others, such as those that were: living in a city (versus village), single (versus a relationship), an athlete (versus non-athlete), or earning an average household income < £25,000 (versus > £25,000). Conclusions Now that the UK is transitioning to a state of normal living, strategies that can help individuals gradually return to physical activities, in accordance with the 2020 WHO guidelines, are of paramount importance to reducing risks to health associated with physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour.
Collapse
|
43
|
Lesnak JB, Berardi G, Sluka KA. Influence of routine exercise on the peripheral immune system to prevent and alleviate pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 13:100126. [PMID: 37179769 PMCID: PMC10173010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Routine physical activity reduces the onset of pain and exercise is a first line treatment for individuals who develop chronic pain. In both preclinical and clinical research regular exercise (routine exercise sessions) produces pain relief through multiple mechanisms such as alterations in the central and peripheral nervous system. More recently, it has been appreciated that exercise can also alter the peripheral immune system to prevent or reduce pain. In animal models, exercise can alter the immune system at the site of injury or pain model induction, in the dorsal root ganglia, and systemically throughout the body to produce analgesia. Most notably exercise shows the ability to dampen the presence of pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines at these locations. Exercise decreases M1 macrophages and the cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TFNα, while increasing M2 macrophages and the cytokines IL-10, IL-4, and IL-1ra. In clinical research, a single bout of exercise produces an acute inflammatory response, however repeated training can lead to an anti-inflammatory immune profile leading to symptom relief. Despite the clinical and immune benefits of routine exercise, the direct effect of exercise on immune function in clinical pain populations remains unexplored. This review will discuss in more detail the preclinical and clinical research which demonstrates the numerous ways through which multiple types of exercise alter the peripheral immune system. This review closes with the clinical implications of these findings along with suggestions for future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Lesnak
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Giovanni Berardi
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Galle SA, Liu J, Bonnechère B, Amin N, Milders MM, Deijen JB, Scherder EJA, Drent ML, Voortman T, Ikram MA, van Duijn CM. The long-term relation between physical activity and executive function in the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:71-81. [PMID: 36166135 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the association between physical inactivity and cognitive decline and dementia is dominated by studies with short-term follow-up, that might be biased by reverse causality. OBJECTIVE Investigate the long-term association between physical activity, cognition, and the rate of age-associated cognitive decline. METHODS We investigated the association between late-life physical activity and executive functioning and rate of decline of executive abilities during follow-up of up to 16 years, in 3553 participants of the prospective Rotterdam Study cohort. Measurement took place in 1997-1999, 2002-2004, 2009-2011, and 2014-2015. RESULTS At baseline (age ± 72 years), higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher levels of executive functioning (adjusted mean difference = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.00 ; 0.06, p = 0.03). This difference remained intact up to 16 years of follow-up. The level of physical activity at baseline was unrelated to the rate of decline of executive abilities over time, in the whole group (adjusted mean difference in changetime*physical activity = 0.00, 95% CI: -0.00 ; 0.01, p = 0.31). However, stratification by APOE genotype showed that the accelerated decline of executive abilities observed in those with the ApoE-ε4 allele might be attenuated by higher levels of physical activity in late adulthood (ApoE-ε4 carriers: Btime*physical activity = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00 ; 0.01, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Higher levels of physical activity in late adulthood are related to higher levels of executive functioning, up to 16 years of follow-up. Accelerated decline of executive abilities observed in those with the ApoE-ε4 allele might be mitigated by higher levels of physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Galle
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jun Liu
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bruno Bonnechère
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Technology-Supported and Data-Driven Rehabilitation, Data Sciences Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Najaf Amin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maarten M Milders
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Berend Deijen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Hersencentrum Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik J A Scherder
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Madeleine L Drent
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Section, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Big Data Institute, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Amraie E, Pouraboli I, Salehi H, Rajaei Z. Treadmill running and Levisticum Officinale extract protect against LPS-induced memory deficits by modulating neurogenesis, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 38:999-1011. [PMID: 36478529 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The preventive effect of physical exercise on attenuating neuroinflammation has not been completely defined. Levisticum officinale is known as a medicinal plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective impacts of treadmill running and Levisticum officinale on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced learning and memory impairments and neuroinflammation in rats. Male Wistar rats ran on a treadmill and/or were pretreated with Levisticum officinale extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg for a week. Then, rats received intraperitoneal injection of LPS at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Treadmill running and/or treatment of extract lasted three more weeks. Behavioral, molecular, biochemical and immunohistochemical assessments were carried out after the end of the experiment. LPS administration resulted in spatial learning and memory impairments along with increased mRNA expression of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde levels, as well as decreased superoxide dismutase activity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Moreover, treadmill running for four weeks, alone and in combination with Levisticum officinale extract attenuated spatial learning and memory deficits, decreased the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde levels, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In conclusion, the advantageous effects of running exercise and Levisticum officinale extract on LPS-induced memory impairments are possibly due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and enhancing neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Amraie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iran Pouraboli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ziba Rajaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Krell-Roesch J, Syrjanen JA, Bezold J, Trautwein S, Barisch-Fritz B, Kremers WK, Fields JA, Scharf EL, Knopman DS, Stokin GB, Petersen RC, Jekauc D, Woll A, Vassilaki M, Geda YE. Mid- and Late-Life Physical Activity and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia-Free Older Adults: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 35:133-140. [PMID: 36464975 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined associations between physical activity (PA) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults free of dementia. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3,222 individuals ≥70 years of age (1,655 men; mean±SD age=79.2±5.6; cognitively unimpaired, N=2,723; mild cognitive impairment, N=499) from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. PA (taken as a presumed predictor) in midlife (i.e., when participants were 50-65 years of age) and late life (i.e., the year prior to assessment) was assessed with a self-reported, validated questionnaire; PA intensity and frequency were used to calculate composite scores. NPS (taken as presumed outcomes) were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Regression analyses included midlife and late-life PA in each model, which were adjusted for age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E ɛ4 status, and medical comorbidity. RESULTS Higher late-life PA was associated with lower odds of having apathy (OR=0.89, 95% CI=0.84-0.93), appetite changes (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.87-0.98), nighttime disturbances (OR=0.95, 95% CI=0.91-0.99), depression (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.90-0.97), irritability (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.89-0.97), clinical depression (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.88-0.97), and clinical anxiety (OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.86-0.94), as well as lower BDI-II (β estimate=-0.042, 95% CI=-0.051 to -0.033) and BAI (β estimate=-0.030, 95% CI=-0.040 to -0.021) scores. Higher midlife PA was associated only with higher BDI-II scores (β estimate=0.011, 95% CI=0.004 to 0.019). Sex modified the associations between PA and NPS. CONCLUSIONS Late-life PA was associated with a lower likelihood of clinical depression or anxiety and subclinical NPS. These findings need to be confirmed in a cohort study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Krell-Roesch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Jeremy A Syrjanen
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Jelena Bezold
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Sandra Trautwein
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Bettina Barisch-Fritz
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Walter K Kremers
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Julie A Fields
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Eugene L Scharf
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - David S Knopman
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Gorazd B Stokin
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| | - Yonas E Geda
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany (Krell-Roesch, Bezold, Trautwein, Barisch-Fritz, Jekauc, Woll); Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (Krell-Roesch, Syrjanen, Kremers, Vassilaki), Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (Fields), and Department of Neurology (Scharf, Knopman, Petersen), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic (Stokin); Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix (Geda)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Malik J, Maciaszek J. Effect of the Juggling-Based Motor Learning Physical Activity on Well-Being in Elderly: A Pre-Post Study with a Special Training Protocol. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122442. [PMID: 36553966 PMCID: PMC9778107 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The importance of physical activity for the elderly is undeniable. Specific forms of exercise that are able to engage practitioners, both cognitively and physically, may provide more positive consequences for health and quality of life. Juggling is one of these activities that has both of these characteristics. Methods: Twenty elderly people (70.55 ± 4.91) were included in a juggling-based motor learning protocol for twelve training units during one month of exercising. An evaluation of the proposed exercises (five-point Likert scale) and a subjective assessment of well-being (WHO-5) were conducted during the protocol. Results: All participants learned to perform a three-ball flash cascade. Exercises were rated as very attractive (4.85 ± 0.31) by the practitioners, and a statistically significant improvement in well-being in participants was shown (p < 0.01; d = 0.76). Additionally, in the participating group, the number of people at risk of depression decreased significantly after the intervention with juggling classes (p < 0.01; g = 0.5). Conclusions: The proposed protocol could be an interesting physical activity for the elderly. It can be assumed that this activity, especially when performed in a group form, can improve the well-being of participants in a short period of time.
Collapse
|
48
|
Savignac C, Villeneuve S, Badhwar A, Saltoun K, Shafighi K, Zajner C, Sharma V, Gagliano Taliun SA, Farhan S, Poirier J, Bzdok D. APOE alleles are associated with sex-specific structural differences in brain regions affected in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001863. [PMID: 36512526 PMCID: PMC9747055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is marked by intracellular tau aggregates in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and extracellular amyloid aggregates in the default network (DN). Here, we examined codependent structural variations between the MTL's most vulnerable structure, the hippocampus (HC), and the DN at subregion resolution in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD). By leveraging the power of the approximately 40,000 participants of the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed impacts from the protective APOE ɛ2 and the deleterious APOE ɛ4 Alzheimer's disease alleles on these structural relationships. We demonstrate ɛ2 and ɛ4 genotype effects on the inter-individual expression of HC-DN co-variation structural patterns at the population level. Across these HC-DN signatures, recurrent deviations in the CA1, CA2/3, molecular layer, fornix's fimbria, and their cortical partners related to ADRD risk. Analyses of the rich phenotypic profiles in the UK Biobank cohort further revealed male-specific HC-DN associations with air pollution and female-specific associations with cardiovascular traits. We also showed that APOE ɛ2/2 interacts preferentially with HC-DN co-variation patterns in estimating social lifestyle in males and physical activity in females. Our structural, genetic, and phenotypic analyses in this large epidemiological cohort reinvigorate the often-neglected interplay between APOE ɛ2 dosage and sex and link APOE alleles to inter-individual brain structural differences indicative of ADRD familial risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Savignac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), MNI, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - AmanPreet Badhwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karin Saltoun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kimia Shafighi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chris Zajner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vaibhav Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah A. Gagliano Taliun
- Department of Neurosciences & Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sali Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judes Poirier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), MNI, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Mila—Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sun Y, Chen C, Yu Y, Zhang H, Tan X, Zhang J, Qi L, Lu Y, Wang N. Replacement of leisure-time sedentary behavior with various physical activities and the risk of dementia incidence and mortality: A prospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 12:287-294. [PMID: 36379419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether or not there is targeted pharmacotherapy for dementia, an active and healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity (PA) may be a better option than medication for preventing dementia. We examined the association between leisure-time sedentary behavior (SB) and the risk of dementia incidence and mortality. We further quantified the effect on dementia risk of replacing sedentary time with an equal amount of time spent on different physical activities. METHODS In the UK Biobank, 484,169 participants (mean age 56.5 years; 45.2% men) free of dementia were followed from baseline (2006-2010) through July 30, 2021. A standard questionnaire measured individual leisure-time SB (watching TV, computer use, and driving) and PA (walking for pleasure, light and heavy do-it-yourself activity, strenuous sports, and other exercise) frequency and duration in the 4 weeks prior to evaluation. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype data were available for a subset of 397,519 (82.1%) individuals. A Cox proportional hazard model and an isotemporal substitution model were used in this study. RESULTS During a median 12.4 years of follow-up, 6904 all-cause dementia cases and 2115 deaths from dementia were recorded. In comparison to participants with leisure-time SB <5 h/day, the hazard ratio ((HR), 95% confidence interval (95%CI)) of dementia incidence was 1.07 (1.02-1.13) for 5-8 h/day and 1.25 (1.13-1.38) for >8 h/day, and the HR of dementia mortality was 1.35 (1.12-1.61) for >8 h/day. A 1 standard deviation increment of sedentary time (2.33 h/day) was strongly associated with a higher incidence of dementia and mortality (HR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.08 and HR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.12, respectively). The association between sedentary time and the risk of developing dementia was more profound in subjects <60 years than in those ≥60 years (HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.00-1.58 vs. HR =1.21, 95%CI: 1.08-1.35 in >8 h/day, p for interaction = 0.013). Replacing 30 min/day of leisure sedentary time with an equal time spent in total PA was associated with a 6% decreased risk and 9% decreased mortality from dementia, with exercise (e.g., swimming, cycling, aerobics, bowling) showing the strongest benefit (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.78-0.86 and HR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.72-0.86). Compared with APOE ε4 noncarriers, APOE ε4 carriers are more likely to see a decrease in Alzheimer's disease incidence and mortality when PA is substituted for SB. CONCLUSION Leisure-time SB was positively associated with the risk of dementia incidence and mortality. Replacing sedentary time with equal time spent doing PA may be associated with a significant reduction in dementia incidence and mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuetian Yu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden; School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rodrigues EA, Christie GJ, Farzan F, Moreno S. Does cognitive aging follow an orchid and dandelion phenomenon? Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:986262. [PMID: 36299615 PMCID: PMC9588970 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.986262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive reserve reflects the brain’s intrinsic adaptive capacity against the neurodegenerative effects of aging. The maintenance or enhancement of the brain’s cognitive reserve plays a crucial role in mitigating the severity of pathologies associated with aging. A new movement, social prescribing, which focuses on prescribing lifestyle activities as a treatment for patients, is growing in popularity as a solution against aging pathologies. However, few studies have demonstrated a clear impact of lifestyle activities on individual cognitive health, outside of floor and ceiling effects. Understanding who benefits from which lifestyle factors remains unclear. Here, we investigated the potential effects of lifestyle activities on individuals’ cognitive health from more than 3,530 older adults using a stratification method and advanced analysis technique. Our stratification methods allowed us to observe a new result: older adults who had relatively average cognitive scores were not impacted by lifestyle factors. By comparison, older adults with very high or very low cognitive scores were highly impacted by lifestyle factors. These findings expand the orchid and dandelion theory to the aging field, regarding the biological sensitivity of individuals to harmful and protective environmental effects. Our discoveries demonstrate the role of individual differences in the aging process and its importance for social prescribing programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma A. Rodrigues
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | | | - Faranak Farzan
- School of Mechatronics and Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Moreno
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Circle Innovation, Surrey, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sylvain Moreno,
| |
Collapse
|