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Fu Y, Xue L, Niu M, Gao Y, Huang Y, Zhang H, Tian M, Zhuo C. Sex-dependent nonlinear Granger connectivity patterns of brain aging in healthy population. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111088. [PMID: 39033955 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain aging is a complex process that involves functional alterations in multiple subnetworks and brain regions. However, most previous studies investigating aging-related functional connectivity (FC) changes using resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRIs) have primarily focused on the linear correlation between brain subnetworks, ignoring the nonlinear casual properties of fMRI signals. METHODS We introduced the neural Granger causality technique to investigate the sex-dependent nonlinear Granger connectivity (NGC) during aging on a publicly available dataset of 227 healthy participants acquired cross-sectionally in Leipzig, Germany. RESULTS Our findings indicate that brain aging may cause widespread declines in NGC at both regional and subnetwork scales. These findings exhibit high reproducibility across different network sparsities, demonstrating the efficacy of static and dynamic analysis strategies. Females exhibit greater heterogeneity and reduced stability in NGC compared to males during aging, especially the NGC between the visual network and other subnetworks. Besides, NGC strengths can well reflect the individual cognitive function, which may therefore work as a sensitive metric in cognition-related experiments for individual-scale or group-scale mechanism understanding. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that NGC analysis is a potent tool for identifying sex-dependent brain aging patterns. Our results offer valuable perspectives that could substantially enhance the understanding of sex differences in neurological diseases in the future, especially in degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le Xue
- Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Niu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | | | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Kuipers S, Kappelle LJ, Greving JP, Amier RP, de Bresser J, Bron EE, Leeuwis AE, Marcks N, den Ruijter HM, Biessels GJ, Exalto LG. Sex differences in cognitive functioning in patients with heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2024; 418:132603. [PMID: 39343304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and impacts patients' life. Sex differences in HF-characteristics are well-established. We hypothesized that women and men with HF also differ in cognitive functioning and that this may be related to sex differences in HF-characteristics and vascular brain injury. METHODS In the Heart-Brain Connection Study, 162 clinically stable HF patients (mean age 69.7 ± 10.0, 33 % women) underwent neuropsychological assessments and brain-MRI. Test results were standardized into z-scores for memory, language, attention/speed, executive functioning, and global cognition. Using linear models adjusted for age and education, we calculated sex differences (women-to-men: W-M∆) in cognitive functioning and examined effects of HF- and vascular brain injury-characteristics on these differences. RESULTS Men more often had an ischemic cause of HF and lower NYHA-classes, whereas women more often had preserved left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF). Women had a higher volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) whereas non-lacunar infarcts and microbleeds were more prevalent in men. Women performed better on global cognition than men (W-M∆ in z-score 0.20, 95 %CI 0.03-0.37), predominantly on memory (0.40, 0.02-0.78). These differences were associated with ischemic HF-etiology, as adjustment attenuated these sex differences. After adjustment for non-lacunar infarcts, global cognition difference persisted, but the difference in memory functioning attenuated. Adjustments for NYHA-class, LVEF, WMHs, and microbleeds did not change the results. CONCLUSION Women and men with HF differ in cognitive functioning, predominantly in memory functioning, these differences were related to some sex differences in HF-characteristics and vascular brain injury, but not to all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Kuipers
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - L Jaap Kappelle
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacoba P Greving
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raquel P Amier
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Bresser
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Esther E Bron
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna E Leeuwis
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam & Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nick Marcks
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lieza G Exalto
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Loo RTJ, Soudy M, Nasta F, Macchi M, Glaab E. Bioinformatics approaches for studying molecular sex differences in complex diseases. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae499. [PMID: 39397573 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Many complex diseases exhibit pronounced sex differences that can affect both the initial risk of developing the disease, as well as clinical disease symptoms, molecular manifestations, disease progression, and the risk of developing comorbidities. Despite this, computational studies of molecular data for complex diseases often treat sex as a confounding variable, aiming to filter out sex-specific effects rather than attempting to interpret them. A more systematic, in-depth exploration of sex-specific disease mechanisms could significantly improve our understanding of pathological and protective processes with sex-dependent profiles. This survey discusses dedicated bioinformatics approaches for the study of molecular sex differences in complex diseases. It highlights that, beyond classical statistical methods, approaches are needed that integrate prior knowledge of relevant hormone signaling interactions, gene regulatory networks, and sex linkage of genes to provide a mechanistic interpretation of sex-dependent alterations in disease. The review examines and compares the advantages, pitfalls and limitations of various conventional statistical and systems-level mechanistic analyses for this purpose, including tailored pathway and network analysis techniques. Overall, this survey highlights the potential of specialized bioinformatics techniques to systematically investigate molecular sex differences in complex diseases, to inform biomarker signature modeling, and to guide more personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ting Jiin Loo
- Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mohamed Soudy
- Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Francesco Nasta
- Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mirco Macchi
- Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Enrico Glaab
- Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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Conley AC, Vega JN, Johnson JV, Dumas JA, Newhouse PA. Effect of estradiol with or without micronized progesterone on cholinergic-related cognitive performance in postmenopausal women. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1428675. [PMID: 39184322 PMCID: PMC11342399 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1428675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the decline in estrogens post-menopause is thought of as a factor increasing this risk. Estradiol (E2) is important in supporting cholinergic neuronal integrity, and cholinergic functioning may be negatively impacted following the loss of E2 post-menopause. The use of exogenous E2 has been observed to enhance cholinergically mediated cognitive performance in healthy post-menopausal women, which indicates a potentially protective mechanism. However, E2 is often co-administered with progestin or progesterone to prevent endometrial proliferation. Progesterone/progestins have previously been shown to have a detrimental effect on E2-mediated biological and cognitive effects mediated by cholinergic systems in preclinical models, therefore the present study aimed to assess whether progesterone would modify the effect of E2 to influence cognition during cholinergic blockade. Methods Twenty participants completed 3-months of oral E2 treatment with micronized progesterone (mPRO) or with placebo (PLC) in a repeated-measures within-subjects crossover design, in which they also completed five anticholinergic challenge days per hormone treatment condition. During the challenge participants were administered low or high doses of the nicotinic cholinergic antagonist mecamylamine, the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine, or placebo. Following drug administration participants performed cognitive tests sensitive to cholinergic tone, assessing attention, episodic memory, and working memory. Results Significant decrements were found on some tasks when participants were taking E2+mPRO compared to E2 alone. Specifically, under more challenging task conditions and larger anticholinergic doses, participants showed poorer performance on the Critical Flicker Fusion task and the Stroop test and responded more conservatively on the N-back working memory task. Other tasks showed no differences between treatments under cholinergic blockade. Discussion The findings show that mPRO when taken in concert with E2, was detrimental to effortful cognitive performance, in the presence of cholinergic blockade. These results are important for assessing the impact of combined postmenopausal hormone treatment on cognitive performance that is dependent on cholinergic functioning after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C. Conley
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jennifer N. Vega
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Julia V. Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Julie A. Dumas
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Paul A. Newhouse
- Center for Cognitive Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN, United States
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5
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Bouhaben J, Delgado-Lima AH, Delgado-Losada ML. The role of olfactory dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 123:105425. [PMID: 38615524 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This comprehensive meta-analysis investigates the association between olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS A thorough search across databases identified articles analyzing olfactory status in MCI or AD patients. Methodological quality assessment followed PRISMA guidelines. Hedges' g effect size statistic computed standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. Moderator analysis was conducted. RESULTS Among the included studies (65 for MCI and 61 for AD), odor identification exhibited larger effect sizes compared to odor threshold and discrimination, in both MCI and AD samples. Moderate effect size is found in OI scores in MCI (k = 65, SE = 0.078, CI 95% = [-1.151, -0.844]). Furthermore, compared to MCI, AD had moderate to large heterogeneous effects in olfactory identification (k = 61, g = -2.062, SE = 0.125, CI 95% = [-2.308, -1.816]). Global cognitive status is positively related to olfactory identification impairment in both MCI (k = 57, Z = 2.74, p = 0.006) and AD (k = 53, Z = 5.03, p < 0.0001) samples. CONCLUSION Olfactory impairments exhibit a notable and substantial presence in MCI. Among these impairments, odor identification experiences the greatest decline in MCI, mirroring the primary sensory deficit observed in AD. Consequently, the incorporation of a straightforward odor identification test is advisable in the evaluation of individuals vulnerable to the onset of AD, offering a practical screening tool for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Bouhaben
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain
| | - Alice Helena Delgado-Lima
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain
| | - María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain.
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Lukacsovich D, O’Shea D, Huang H, Zhang W, Young J, Chen XS, Dietrich ST, Kunkle B, Martin E, Wang L. MIAMI-AD (Methylation in Aging and Methylation in AD): an integrative knowledgebase that facilitates explorations of DNA methylation across sex, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae061. [PMID: 39028752 PMCID: PMC11259044 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a significant impact on aging populations. DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations have been implicated in both the aging processes and the development of AD. Given that AD affects more women than men, it is also important to explore DNAm changes that occur specifically in each sex. We created MIAMI-AD, a comprehensive knowledgebase containing manually curated summary statistics from 98 published tables in 38 studies, all of which included at least 100 participants. MIAMI-AD enables easy browsing, querying, and downloading DNAm associations at multiple levels-at individual CpG, gene, genomic regions, or genome-wide, in one or multiple studies. Moreover, it also offers tools to perform integrative analyses, such as comparing DNAm associations across different phenotypes or tissues, as well as interactive visualizations. Using several use case examples, we demonstrated that MIAMI-AD facilitates our understanding of age-associated CpGs in AD and the sex-specific roles of DNAm in AD. This open-access resource is freely available to the research community, and all the underlying data can be downloaded. MIAMI-AD facilitates integrative explorations to better understand the interplay between DNAm across aging, sex, and AD. Database URL: https://miami-ad.org/.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lukacsovich
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Deirdre O’Shea
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 7700 W Camino Real, Boca Raton, FL 33433, USA
| | - Hanchen Huang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan Young
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - X Steven Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sven-Thorsten Dietrich
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Brian Kunkle
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Eden Martin
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lily Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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7
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Han S, Li S, Yang Y, Liu L, Ma L, Leng Z, Mair FS, Butler CR, Nunes BP, Miranda JJ, Yang W, Shao R, Wang C. Mapping multimorbidity progression among 190 diseases. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:139. [PMID: 38992158 PMCID: PMC11239867 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clustering of multimorbidity based on the frequency of common disease combinations is inadequate. We estimated the causal relationships among prevalent diseases and mapped out the clusters of multimorbidity progression among them. METHODS In this cohort study, we examined the progression of multimorbidity among 190 diseases among over 500,000 UK Biobank participants over 12.7 years of follow-up. Using a machine learning method for causal inference, we analyzed patterns of how diseases influenced and were influenced by others in females and males. We used clustering analysis and visualization algorithms to identify multimorbidity progress constellations. RESULTS We show the top influential and influenced diseases largely overlap between sexes in chronic diseases, with sex-specific ones tending to be acute diseases. Patterns of diseases that influence and are influenced by other diseases also emerged (clustering significance Pau > 0.87), with the top influential diseases affecting many clusters and the top influenced diseases concentrating on a few, suggesting that complex mechanisms are at play for the diseases that increase the development of other diseases while share underlying causes exist among the diseases whose development are increased by others. Bi-directional multimorbidity progress presents substantial clustering tendencies both within and across International Classification Disease chapters, compared to uni-directional ones, which can inform future studies for developing cross-specialty strategies for multimorbidity. Finally, we identify 10 multimorbidity progress constellations for females and 9 for males (clustering stability, adjusted Rand index >0.75), showing interesting differences between sexes. CONCLUSION Our findings could inform the future development of targeted interventions and provide an essential foundation for future studies seeking to improve the prevention and management of multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Han
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Sairan Li
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhaonan Yang
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Frances S Mair
- School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christopher R Butler
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bruno Pereira Nunes
- Postgraduate Program of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ruitai Shao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Li CL, Zhou GF, Xie XY, Wang L, Chen X, Pan QL, Pu YL, Yang J, Song L, Chen GJ. STAU1 exhibits a dual function by promoting amyloidogenesis and tau phosphorylation in cultured cells. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114805. [PMID: 38729552 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Staufen-1 (STAU1) is a double-stranded RNA-binding protein (RBP) involved in a variety of pathological conditions. In this study, we investigated the potential role of STAU1 in Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which two hallmarks are well-established as cerebral β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and Tau-centered neurofibrillary tangles. We found that STAU1 protein level was significantly increased in cells that stably express full-length APP and the brain of APP/PS1 mice, an animal model of AD. STAU1 knockdown, as opposed to overexpression, significantly decreased the protein levels of β-amyloid converting enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Aβ. We further found that STAU1 extended the half-life of the BACE1 mRNA through binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). Transcriptome analysis revealed that STAU1 enhanced the expression of growth arrest and DNA damage 45 β (GADD45B) upstream of P38 MAPK signaling, which contributed to STAU1-induced regulation of Tau phosphorylation at Ser396 and Thr181. Together, STAU1 promoted amyloidogenesis by inhibiting BACE1 mRNA decay, and augmented Tau phosphorylation through activating GADD45B in relation to P38 MAPK. Targeting STAU1 that acts on both amyloidogenesis and tauopathy may serve as an optimistic approach for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Gui-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ya-Lan Pu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
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9
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Pilgrim MJD, Beam CR, Nygaard M, Finkel D. Prospective Effects of Self-Rated Health on Dementia Risk in Two Twin Studies of Aging. Behav Genet 2024; 54:307-320. [PMID: 38822218 PMCID: PMC11196327 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Subjective health ratings are associated with dementia risk such that those who rate their health more poorly have increased risk for dementia. The genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, as prior research cannot rule out whether the association is due to genetic confounds. The current study addresses this gap in two samples of twins, one from Sweden (N = 548) and one from Denmark (N = 4,373). Using genetically-informed, bivariate regression models, we assessed whether additive genetic effects explained the association between subjective health and dementia risk as indexed by a latent variable proxy measure. Age at intake, sex, education, depressive symptomatology, and follow-up time between subjective health and dementia risk assessments were included as covariates. Results indicate that genetic variance and other sources of confounding accounted for the majority of the effect of subjective health ratings on dementia risk. After adjusting for genetic confounding and other covariates, a small correlation was observed between subjective health and latent dementia risk in the Danish sample (rE = - .09, p < .05). The results provide further support for the genetic association between subjective health and dementia risk, and also suggest that subjective ratings of health measures may be useful for predicting dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J D Pilgrim
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Christopher R Beam
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Davis School of Gerontology, Universitty of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Marianne Nygaard
- The Danish Twin Registry, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Deborah Finkel
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Institute for Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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10
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Miramontes S, Pereda Serras C, Woldemariam SR, Khan U, Li Y, Tang AS, Tsoy E, Oskotsky TT, Sirota M. Alzheimer's disease as a women's health challenge: a call for action on integrative precision medicine approaches. NPJ WOMEN'S HEALTH 2024; 2:17. [PMID: 38778871 PMCID: PMC11106001 DOI: 10.1038/s44294-024-00021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is marked by pronounced sex differences in pathophysiology and progression. However, the field has yet to fully recognize AD as a women's health issue, delaying the development of targeted preventative strategies and treatments. This perspective explores the elements impacting AD in women, identifying sex specificity in risk factors, highlighting new diagnostic approaches with electronic health records, and reviewing key molecular studies to underscore the need for integrative precision medicine approaches. Established AD risk factors such as advancing age, the apolipoprotein E4 allele, and poorer cardiovascular health affect women differently. We also shed light on sociocultural risk factors, focusing on the gender disparities that may play a role in AD development. From a biological perspective, sex differences in AD are apparent in biomarkers and transcriptomics, further emphasizing the need for targeted diagnostics and treatments. The convergence of novel multiomics data and cutting-edge computational tools provides a unique opportunity to study the molecular underpinnings behind sex dimorphism in AD. Thus, precision medicine emerges as a promising framework for understanding AD pathogenesis through the integration of genetics, sex, environment, and lifestyle. By characterizing AD as a women's health challenge, we can catalyze a transformative shift in AD research and care, marked by improved diagnostic accuracy, targeted interventions, and ultimately, enhanced clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Miramontes
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - C. Pereda Serras
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - S. R. Woldemariam
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - U. Khan
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Y. Li
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - A. S. Tang
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - E. Tsoy
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - T. T. Oskotsky
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - M. Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
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11
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Ono M, Ito T, Yamaki S, Hori Y, Zhou Q, Zhao X, Muramoto S, Yamamoto R, Furuyama T, Sakata-Haga H, Hatta T, Hamaguchi T, Kato N. Spatiotemporal development of the neuronal accumulation of amyloid precursor protein and the amyloid plaque formation in the brain of 3xTg-AD mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28821. [PMID: 38596059 PMCID: PMC11002285 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid plaque is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The accumulation of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the neuronal structure is assumed to lead to amyloid plaque formation through the excessive production of β-amyloid protein. To study the relationship between the neuronal accumulation of APP and amyloid plaque formation, we histologically analyzed their development in the different brain regions in 3xTg-AD mice, which express Swedish mutated APP (APPSWE) in the neurons. Observation throughout the brain revealed APPSWE-positive somata in the broad regions. Quantitative model analysis showed that the somatic accumulation of APPSWE developed firstly in the hippocampus from a very early age (<1 month) and proceeded slower in the isocortex. In line with this, the hippocampus was the first region to form amyloid plaques at the age of 9-12 months, while amyloid plaques were rarely observed in the isocortex. Females had more APPSWE-positive somata and plaques than males. Furthermore, amyloid plaques were observed in the lateral septum and pontine grey, which did not contain APPSWE-positive somata but only the APPSWE-positive fibers. These results suggested that neuronal accumulation of APPSWE, both in somatodendritic and axonal domains, is closely related to the formation of amyloid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Ito
- Systems Function and Morphology, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamaki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hori
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Xirun Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shinji Muramoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Takafumi Furuyama
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakata-Haga
- Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Hatta
- Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kato
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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12
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Cottam NC, Harrington MA, Schork PM, Sun J. No significant sex differences in incidence or phenotype for the SMNΔ7 mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 37:13-22. [PMID: 38493520 PMCID: PMC11031329 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease that affects 1 out of every 6,000-10,000 individuals at birth, making it the leading genetic cause of infant mortality. In recent years, reports of sex differences in SMA patients have become noticeable. The SMNΔ7 mouse model is commonly used to investigate pathologies and treatments in SMA. However, studies on sex as a contributing biological variable are few and dated. Here, we rigorously investigated the effect of sex on a series of characteristics in SMA mice of the SMNΔ7 model. Incidence and lifespan of 23 mouse litters were tracked and phenotypic assessments were performed at 2-day intervals starting at postnatal day 6 for every pup until the death of the SMA pup(s) in each litter. Brain weights were also collected post-mortem. We found that male and female SMA incidence does not differ significantly, survival periods are the same across sexes, and there was no phenotypic difference between male and female SMA pups, other than for females exhibiting lesser body weights at early ages. Overall, this study ensures that sex is not a biological variable that contributes to the incidence ratio or disease severity in the SMNΔ7 mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Cottam
- Delaware State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Melissa A Harrington
- Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Pamela M Schork
- Delaware State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Jianli Sun
- Delaware State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover, DE, USA; Delaware Center for Neuroscience Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA.
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13
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Tang X, Walter E, Wohleb E, Fan Y, Wang C. ATG5 (autophagy related 5) in microglia controls hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer disease. Autophagy 2024; 20:847-862. [PMID: 37915255 PMCID: PMC11062374 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2277634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is the intracellular degradation process of cytoplasmic content and damaged organelles. Autophagy is strongly associated with the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Microglia are brain-resident macrophages, and recent studies indicate that autophagy in microglia protects neurons from neurodegeneration. Postnatal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons from adult neural stem cells (NSCs), is impaired in AD patients as well as in AD animal models. However, the extent to which microglial autophagy influences adult NSCs and neurogenesis in AD animal models has not been studied. Here, we showed that conditional knock out (cKO) of Atg5 (autophagy related 5) in microglia inhibited postnatal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, but not in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of a 5×FAD mouse model. Interestingly, the protection of neurogenesis by Atg5 in microglia was only observed in female AD mice. To confirm the roles of autophagy in microglia for postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, we generated additional cKO mice to delete autophagy essential genes Rb1cc1 or Atg14 in microglia. However, these rb1cc1 cKO and atg14 cKO mice did not exhibit neurogenesis defects in the context of a female AD mouse model. Last, we used the CSF1R antagonist to deplete ATG5-deficient microglia and this intervention restored neurogenesis in the hippocampus of 5×FAD mice. These results indicate that microglial ATG5 is essential to maintain postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in a mouse model of AD. Our findings further support the notion that ATG5 in microglia supports NSC health and may prevent neurodegeneration.Abbreviations: 5×FAD: familial Alzheimer disease; Aβ: β-amyloid; AD: Alzheimer disease; AIF1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ATG: autophagy related; BrdU: 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; CA: Cornu Ammonis; cKO: conditional knock out; CSF1R: colony stimulating factor 1 receptor; Ctrl: control; DCX: doublecortin; DG: dentate gyrus; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GZ: granular zone; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; IF: immunofluorescence; LD: lipid droplet; LDAM: lipid droplets accumulated microglia; LPS: lipopolysaccharides; MAP1LC3B/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NSCs: neural stem cells; RB1CC1: RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1; SOX2: SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2; SGZ: subgranular zone; SVZ: subventricular zone; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ellen Walter
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric Wohleb
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chenran Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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14
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Wang K, Hua W, Wang M, Xu Y. A Bayesian semi-parametric model for learning biomarker trajectories and changepoints in the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease. Biometrics 2024; 80:ujae048. [PMID: 38775703 PMCID: PMC11110494 DOI: 10.1093/biomtc/ujae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
It has become consensus that mild cognitive impairment (MCI), one of the early symptoms onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), may appear 10 or more years after the emergence of neuropathological abnormalities. Therefore, understanding the progression of AD biomarkers and uncovering when brain alterations begin in the preclinical stage, while patients are still cognitively normal, are crucial for effective early detection and therapeutic development. In this paper, we develop a Bayesian semiparametric framework that jointly models the longitudinal trajectory of the AD biomarker with a changepoint relative to the occurrence of symptoms onset, which is subject to left truncation and right censoring, in a heterogeneous population. Furthermore, unlike most existing methods assuming that everyone in the considered population will eventually develop the disease, our approach accounts for the possibility that some individuals may never experience MCI or AD, even after a long follow-up time. We evaluate the proposed model through simulation studies and demonstrate its clinical utility by examining an important AD biomarker, ptau181, using a dataset from the Biomarkers of Cognitive Decline Among Normal Individuals (BIOCARD) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunbo Wang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - William Hua
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
| | - MeiCheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Yanxun Xu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
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15
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Li Y, Zhu W, Zhou S, Li H, Gao Z, Huang Z, Li X, Yu Y, Li X. Sex differences in functional connectivity and the predictive role of the connectome-based predictive model in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25307. [PMID: 38444265 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline. Sex differences in the progression of AD exist, but the neural mechanisms are not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to explore sex differences in brain functional connectivity (FC) at different stages of AD and their predictive ability on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was collected from 81 AD patients (44 females), 78 amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients (44 females), and 92 healthy controls (50 females). The FC analysis was conducted and the interaction effect between sex and group was investigated using two-factor variance analysis. The CPM was used to predict MoCA scores. There were sex-by-group interaction effects on FC between the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus, left precuneus and right calcarine fissure surrounding cortex, left precuneus and left middle occipital gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus and left precentral gyrus, and between the left middle temporal gyrus and right cuneus. In the CPM, the positive network predictive model significantly predicted MoCA scores in both males and females. There were significant sex-by-group interaction effects on FC between the left precuneus and left middle occipital gyrus, and between the left middle temporal gyrus and right cuneus could predict MoCA scores in female patients. Our results suggest that there are sex differences in FC at different stages of AD. The sex-specific FC can further predict MoCA scores at individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziwen Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ziang Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoshu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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16
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Kuroda Y, Sugimoto T, Satoh K, Nakagawa T, Saito T, Noguchi T, Komatsu A, Uchida K, Fujita K, Ono R, Arai H, Sakurai T. Relationship between mortality and vitality in patients with mild cognitive impairment/dementia: An 8-year retrospective study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:221-228. [PMID: 38239023 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to investigate the association of vitality, as measured using the vitality index (Vix), with the survival outcomes of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. METHODS We analyzed data from 3731 patients in the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology - Life Stories of Individuals with Dementia cohort from July 2010 to September 2018. The main focus was to correlate Vix scores with the time from the initial visit to death. Vix was categorized into "moderately to severely impaired" (0-7 points), "mildly impaired" (8-9 points), and "normal" (10 points) groups. Survival outcomes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for various factors. We conducted a mediation analysis to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and basic activities of daily living (BADL) on the association between vitality and mortality. Stratified analysis was also conducted for the Mini-Mental State Examination groups. RESULTS We included 2740 patients with an average follow-up of 1315 days. The mortality rate was 15.7%. The Vix distribution was 16% at 0-7 points; 40%, 8-9 points; and 44%, 10 points. Patients in the "moderately to severely impaired" category, characterized by lower Vix scores, exhibited notably higher mortality rates. Mediation effects emphasized the significant roles of BMI, IADL, and BADL in influencing survival outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Vitality significantly influences patient survival rates. The association between vitality and mortality seems to be mediated by IADL and BADL, which has significant clinical implications. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 221-228.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kuroda
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugimoto
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenichi Satoh
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University, Hikone, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakagawa
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Tami Saito
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Taiji Noguchi
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ayane Komatsu
- Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Uchida
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Fujita
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Rei Ono
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Lafta MS, Mwinyi J, Affatato O, Rukh G, Dang J, Andersson G, Schiöth HB. Exploring sex differences: insights into gene expression, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, cognition, and pathology. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1340108. [PMID: 38449735 PMCID: PMC10915038 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1340108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased knowledge about sex differences is important for development of individualized treatments against many diseases as well as understanding behavioral and pathological differences. This review summarizes sex chromosome effects on gene expression, epigenetics, and hormones in relation to the brain. We explore neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, cognition, and brain pathology aiming to explain the current state of the art. While some domains exhibit strong differences, others reveal subtle differences whose overall significance warrants clarification. We hope that the current review increases awareness and serves as a basis for the planning of future studies that consider both sexes equally regarding similarities and differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muataz S. Lafta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Mwinyi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Women’s Mental Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oreste Affatato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Centre for Women’s Mental Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gull Rukh
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Junhua Dang
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helgi B. Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Lin S, Jiang L, Wei K, Yang J, Cao X, Li C. Sex-Specific Association of Body Mass Index with Hippocampal Subfield Volume and Cognitive Function in Non-Demented Chinese Older Adults. Brain Sci 2024; 14:170. [PMID: 38391744 PMCID: PMC10887390 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests a possible association between midlife obesity and an increased risk of dementia in later life. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Little is known about the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and hippocampal subfield atrophy. In this study, we aimed to explore the associations between BMI and hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive function in non-demented Chinese older adults. Hippocampal volumes were assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). A total of 66 participants were included in the final analysis, with 35 females and 31 males. We observed a significant correlation between BMI and the hippocampal fissure volume in older females. In addition, there was a negative association between BMI and the RBANS total scale score, the coding score, and the story recall score, whereas no significant correlations were observed in older males. In conclusion, our findings revealed sex-specific associations between BMI and hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive performance, providing valuable insights into the development of effective interventions for the early prevention of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Clinical Neurocognitive Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
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19
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Upenieks L, Zhu X. Life Course Religious Attendance and Cognitive Health at Midlife: Exploring Gendered Contingencies. Res Aging 2024; 46:95-112. [PMID: 37432269 DOI: 10.1177/01640275231188998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of literature suggests that religious attendance might mitigate processes of cognitive decline associated with aging. However, few studies have made adequate linkages with the life course perspective. We draw from over 35 years of prospective panel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (1979-2015) to assess the associations of cumulative exposures to religious attendance over the life course (childhood and midlife) for self-rated cognitive health and working memory (as assessed by the Serial 7s task). Our results suggest that midlife adults who attended religious services consistently between childhood and adulthood had higher self-rated cognitive health and better working memory. Women were also found to receive stronger benefits to self-rated cognitive health from consistent religious practice between childhood and adulthood. This pattern of findings allows for greater reflection into the neural enrichment and neural depletion arguments proposed to explain the religion/cognitive health link in previous research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xi Zhu
- Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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20
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Hao W, Shan YF, Kimura T, Ukawa S, Ohira H, Okabayashi S, Wakai K, Ando M, Tamakoshi A. Dual decline in subjective gait speed and domain-specific cognition is associated with higher risk of incident dementia in older Japanese adults: A 15-year age-specific cohort study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105254. [PMID: 37952420 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dual decline in gait speed and cognition has been found to have higher dementia risk than no decline or pure decline. However, evidence from the Asian population is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of dual decline from age 65 to 70 years with late-life dementia in older Japanese adults with different personal characteristics. METHODS Data were collected from an age-specific cohort study conducted in 482 Japanese 65-year-old adults. We investigated participant demographics, medical histories, lifestyles, subjective gait speed, and cognition at both 64/65 and 70/71 years old, and confirmed dementia until age of 85 years. Cox proportion hazard models were used to estimate the risk of dementia, with adjustments for covariates, and death was treated as a competing risk. RESULTS After a mean follow-up period of 12.5-years, 111 participants developed dementia. Older adults with dual decline are more likely to have hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking habits. And we found that dual decline in gait speed and domain-specific cognition was associated with a higher risk of dementia compared with no decline in most cognitive tests, with the highest risk observed for gait speed combined with memory (sub-distribution hazard ratio:3.89, 95 %, confidence intervals: [1.68-9.01]). However, significant differences only existed in men after stratification by sex. CONCLUSIONS A dual decline in subjective gait speed and cognition may serve as a robust predictor of dementia over a decade prior to its onset, particularly in men. These findings highlighted the importance of screening for dual decline at an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hao
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yi-Fan Shan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ukawa
- Department of Social Welfare Science and Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohira
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoe Okabayashi
- Agency for Health, Safety and Environment, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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21
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Kommaddi RP, Gowaikar R, P A H, Diwakar L, Singh K, Mondal A. Akt activation ameliorates deficits in hippocampal-dependent memory and activity-dependent synaptic protein synthesis in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105619. [PMID: 38182004 PMCID: PMC10839450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase-B (Akt) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways are implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Akt/mTOR signaling pathways, activated by external inputs, enable new protein synthesis at the synapse and synaptic plasticity. The molecular mechanisms impeding new protein synthesis at the synapse in AD pathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms prior to the manifestation of histopathological hallmarks by characterizing Akt1/mTOR signaling cascades and new protein synthesis in the hippocampus of WT and amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) male mice. Intriguingly, compared to those in WT mice, we found significant decreases in pAkt1, pGSK3β, pmTOR, pS6 ribosomal protein, and p4E-BP1 levels in both post nuclear supernatant and synaptosomes isolated from the hippocampus of one-month-old (presymptomatic) APP/PS1 mice. In synaptoneurosomes prepared from the hippocampus of presymptomatic APP/PS1 mice, activity-dependent protein synthesis at the synapse was impaired and this deficit was sustained in young adults. In hippocampal neurons from C57BL/6 mice, downregulation of Akt1 precluded synaptic activity-dependent protein synthesis at the dendrites but not in the soma. In three-month-old APP/PS1 mice, Akt activator (SC79) administration restored deficits in memory recall and activity-dependent synaptic protein synthesis. C57BL/6 mice administered with an Akt inhibitor (MK2206) resulted in memory recall deficits compared to those treated with vehicle. We conclude that dysregulation of Akt1/mTOR and its downstream signaling molecules in the hippocampus contribute to memory recall deficits and loss of activity-dependent synaptic protein synthesis. In AD mice, however, Akt activation ameliorates deficits in memory recall and activity-dependent synaptic protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruturaj Gowaikar
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Haseena P A
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Latha Diwakar
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Kunal Singh
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Amrita Mondal
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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22
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Ghisi GLDM, Supervia M, Turk-Adawi K, Beleigoli A, Contractor A, Mampuya WM, Grace SL. Women-Focused Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivery Around the World and Program Enablers to Support Broader Implementation. CJC Open 2024; 6:425-435. [PMID: 38487061 PMCID: PMC10935990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Women are less likely than men to use cardiac rehabilitation (CR); thus, women-focused (W-F) CR was developed. Implementation of W-F CR globally was investigated, as well as barriers and enablers to its delivery. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a survey was administered to CR programs via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) from May to July, 2023. Potential respondents were identified via the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation's network. Results A total of 223 responses were received from 52 of 111 countries (46.8% country response rate) in the world that have any CR, across all 6 World Health Organization regions. Thirty-three programs (14.8%) from 30 countries reported offering any W-F programming. Programs commonly did offer elements preferred by women and recommended, namely, the following: patient choice of session time (n = 151; 70.6%); invitations for informal care providers and/or partners to attend sessions (n = 121; 57.1%); CR staff that have expertise in women and heart diseases (n = 112; 53.3%); separate changerooms for women (n = 38; 52.8%); and discussion of CR referral with patients (n = 112; 52.1%). Main barriers to delivery of W-F exercise were physical resources (n = 33; 14.8%), space (n = 30; 13.5%), and staff time (n = 26; 11.7%) and expertise (n = 33; 10.3%). Main barriers to delivery of W-F education were human resources (n = 114; 51.1%), educational resources (n = 26; 11.7%), and expertise in the content (n = 74; 33.2%). Enablers of W-F education delivery were availability of materials, in multiple modalities, as well as educated staff and financial resources. Conclusions Despite the benefits, W-F CR is not commonly offered globally. Considering the barriers and enablers identified, the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation is developing resources to expand delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- KITE—Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marta Supervia
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karam Turk-Adawi
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alline Beleigoli
- Caring Future Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Warner M. Mampuya
- Sherbrooke University Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sherry L. Grace
- KITE—Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Morrissey ZD, Gao J, Shetti A, Li W, Zhan L, Li W, Fortel I, Saido T, Saito T, Ajilore O, Cologna SM, Lazarov O, Leow AD. Temporal Alterations in White Matter in An App Knock-In Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0496-23.2024. [PMID: 38290851 PMCID: PMC10897532 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0496-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and results in neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. White matter (WM) is affected in AD and has implications for neural circuitry and cognitive function. The trajectory of these changes across age, however, is still not well understood, especially at earlier stages in life. To address this, we used the AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F knock-in (APPKI) mouse model that harbors a single copy knock-in of the human amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene with three familial AD mutations. We performed in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study how the structural properties of the brain change across age in the context of AD. In late age APPKI mice, we observed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA), a proxy of WM integrity, in multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus, anterior commissure (AC), neocortex, and hypothalamus. At the cellular level, we observed greater numbers of oligodendrocytes in middle age (prior to observations in DTI) in both the AC, a major interhemispheric WM tract, and the hippocampus, which is involved in memory and heavily affected in AD, prior to observations in DTI. Proteomics analysis of the hippocampus also revealed altered expression of oligodendrocyte-related proteins with age and in APPKI mice. Together, these results help to improve our understanding of the development of AD pathology with age, and imply that middle age may be an important temporal window for potential therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachery D Morrissey
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
- Preclinical Imaging Core, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Aashutosh Shetti
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Liang Zhan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Weiguo Li
- Preclinical Imaging Core, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Igor Fortel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Takaomi Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Olusola Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Stephanie M Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Orly Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Alex D Leow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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24
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Cho SY, Kim EW, Park SJ, Phillips BU, Jeong J, Kim H, Heath CJ, Kim D, Jang Y, López-Cruz L, Saksida LM, Bussey TJ, Lee DY, Kim E. Reconsidering repurposing: long-term metformin treatment impairs cognition in Alzheimer's model mice. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:34. [PMID: 38238285 PMCID: PMC10796941 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Metformin, a primary anti-diabetic medication, has been anticipated to provide benefits for Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as "type 3 diabetes". Nevertheless, some studies have demonstrated that metformin may trigger AD pathology and even elevate AD risk in humans. Despite this, limited research has elucidated the behavioral outcomes of metformin treatment, which would hold significant translational value. Thus, we aimed to perform thorough behavioral research on the prolonged administration of metformin to mice: We administered metformin (300 mg/kg/day) to transgenic 3xTg-AD and non-transgenic (NT) C57BL/6 mice over 1 and 2 years, respectively, and evaluated their behaviors across multiple domains via touchscreen operant chambers, including motivation, attention, memory, visual discrimination, and cognitive flexibility. We found metformin enhanced attention, inhibitory control, and associative learning in younger NT mice (≤16 months). However, chronic treatment led to impairments in memory retention and discrimination learning at older age. Furthermore, metformin caused learning and memory impairment and increased levels of AMPKα1-subunit, β-amyloid oligomers, plaques, phosphorylated tau, and GSK3β expression in AD mice. No changes in potential confounding factors on cognition, including levels of motivation, locomotion, appetite, body weight, blood glucose, and serum vitamin B12, were observed in metformin-treated AD mice. We also identified an enhanced amyloidogenic pathway in db/db mice, as well as in Neuro2a-APP695 cells and a decrease in synaptic markers, such as PSD-95 and synaptophysin in primary neurons, upon metformin treatment. Our findings collectively suggest that the repurposing of metformin should be carefully reconsidered when this drug is used for individuals with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Alzheimer's Molecular Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Metabolism-Dementia Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nursing, Seoyeong University, Gwangju, 61268, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin U Phillips
- Department of Psychology, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Jihyeon Jeong
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Alzheimer's Molecular Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Metabolism-Dementia Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Alzheimer's Molecular Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Metabolism-Dementia Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J Heath
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurim Jang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Lisa M Saksida
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, N6A 5K8, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Timothy J Bussey
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, N6A 5K8, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Do Yup Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory for Alzheimer's Molecular Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Metabolism-Dementia Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Chu C, Low YLC, Ma L, Wang Y, Cox T, Doré V, Masters CL, Goudey B, Jin L, Pan Y. How Can We Use Mathematical Modeling of Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease Research and Clinical Practices? J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:89-100. [PMID: 38007665 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain is considered a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mathematical modeling, capable of predicting the motion and accumulation of Aβ, has obtained increasing interest as a potential alternative to aid the diagnosis of AD and predict disease prognosis. These mathematical models have provided insights into the pathogenesis and progression of AD that are difficult to obtain through experimental studies alone. Mathematical modeling can also simulate the effects of therapeutics on brain Aβ levels, thereby holding potential for drug efficacy simulation and the optimization of personalized treatment approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of the mathematical models that have been used to simulate brain levels of Aβ (oligomers, protofibrils, and/or plaques). We classify the models into five categories: the general ordinary differential equation models, the general partial differential equation models, the network models, the linear optimal ordinary differential equation models, and the modified partial differential equation models (i.e., Smoluchowski equation models). The assumptions, advantages and limitations of these models are discussed. Given the popularity of using the Smoluchowski equation models to simulate brain levels of Aβ, our review summarizes the history and major advancements in these models (e.g., their application to predict the onset of AD and their combined use with network models). This review is intended to bring mathematical modeling to the attention of more scientists and clinical researchers working on AD to promote cross-disciplinary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyin Chu
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yi Ling Clare Low
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liwei Ma
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yihan Wang
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy Cox
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent Doré
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin Goudey
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Training Centre in Cognitive Computing for Medical Technologies, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liang Jin
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yijun Pan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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26
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Deo VK, Singh KK, Sinha N, Kumar A, Kumar S. Correlation of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia with patients' sociodemographic & clinical details and caregivers' distress. Ind Psychiatry J 2024; 33:101-107. [PMID: 38853811 PMCID: PMC11155664 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_137_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) influence dementia care significantly. BPSD can be affected by factors related to the patient's illness and socio-cultural background. Aim This study aimed to find a relationship between BPSD with patients' socio-demographic and clinical profiles and their caregivers' distress in a tertiary care center. Materials and Methods In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, the purposive sampling technique was used to select 100 dementia patients. A comprehensive record of socio-demographic and clinical details was made on a self-prepared semi-structured data sheet. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire was the principal tool to find the BPSD and related caregivers' distress. Results The sample comprised predominantly Hindu (91%) male patients (66%) with Alzheimer's dementia (76%) coming from rural backgrounds (74%) and joint familial systems (96%), with a mean age of 71.77 ± 7.41 years. Patients' main caregivers were their children/children-in-law (65%). The severity of an overall BPSD and its variable individual domains were directly related to the duration of dementia, patients' age, their cognitive decline, and related decline in activities of living, as well as their caregivers' distress. In comparison to Alzheimer's disease patients, those with other dementia types had more impairment in cognitive functions and activities of daily living and they had a higher number and severity of BPSD. Conclusion The advancing age, increased duration of dementia, and decline in cognition and related activities of daily living of the patients, as well as their caregivers' distress, are important correlates of BPSD. The findings are essential for the better management of dementia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Deo
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Niska Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Abhay Kumar
- Department of Neuro-Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Jin H, Yang Q, Chen G, Zhang W, Wu Y, Wang R. Effects of Hepatorenal Function on Urinary Alzheimer-Associated Neuronal Thread Protein: A Laboratory-Based Cross-Sectional Study Among the Older Chinese Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:911-921. [PMID: 38968047 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) is a biomarker for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It remains unclear whether hepatorenal function affects the urinary AD7c-NTP level. Objective To evaluate the effects of hepatorenal function on urinary AD7c-NTP level. Methods We enrolled 453 participants aged 60-100 years. An automated chemistry analyzer was used to determine the indicators of serum hepatorenal function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the urinary AD7c-NTP level. Results Spearman's correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between urinary AD7c-NTP levels and indicators of hepatorenal function, including albumin (r = -0.181, p < 0.001), albumin/globulin ratio (r = -0.224, p < 0.001), cholinesterase (r = -0.094, p = 0.046), total carbon dioxide (r = -0.102, p = 0.030), and glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.260, p < 0.001), as well as a positive correlation with globulin (r = 0.141, p = 0.003), aspartate transaminase (r = 0.186, p < 0.001), blood urine nitrogen (r = 0.210, p < 0.001), creatinine (r = 0.202, p < 0.001), uric acid (r = 0.229, p < 0.001), and cystatin C (r = 0.265, p < 0.001). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multiple linear regression model analyses showed that the statistically significant hepatorenal indicators for predicting AD7c-NTP were A/G (p = 0.007), AST (p = 0.002), BUN (p = 0.019), and UA (p = 0.003). Conclusions The effects of hepatorenal indicators should be considered when using urinary AD7c-NTP levels in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jin
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiu Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Guodong Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchuan Wu
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Ministry of Education, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
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Ekanayake A, Peiris S, Ahmed B, Kanekar S, Grove C, Kalra D, Eslinger P, Yang Q, Karunanayaka P. A Review of the Role of Estrogens in Olfaction, Sleep and Glymphatic Functionality in Relation to Sex Disparity in Alzheimer's Disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2024; 39:15333175241272025. [PMID: 39116421 PMCID: PMC11311174 DOI: 10.1177/15333175241272025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Several risk factors contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including genetics, metabolic health, cardiovascular history, and diet. It has been observed that women appear to face a higher risk of developing AD. Among the various hypotheses surrounding the gender disparity in AD, one pertains to the potential neuroprotective properties of estrogen. Compared to men, women are believed to be more susceptible to neuropathology due to the significant decline in circulating estrogen levels following menopause. Studies have shown, however, that estrogen replacement therapies in post-menopausal women do not consistently reduce the risk of AD. While menopause and estrogen levels are potential factors in the elevated incidence rates of AD among women, this review highlights the possible roles estrogen has in other pathways that may also contribute to the sex disparity observed in AD such as olfaction, sleep, and glymphatic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupa Ekanayake
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Senal Peiris
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Biyar Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sangam Kanekar
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Cooper Grove
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Deepak Kalra
- Department of Neurology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Paul Eslinger
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Prasanna Karunanayaka
- Department of Radiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Zhang R, Rolls ET, Cheng W, Feng J. Different cortical connectivities in human females and males relate to differences in strength and body composition, reward and emotional systems, and memory. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:47-61. [PMID: 37861743 PMCID: PMC10827883 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in human brain structure and function are important, partly because they are likely to be relevant to the male-female differences in behavior and in mental health. To analyse sex differences in cortical function, functional connectivity was measured in 36,531 participants (53% female) in the UK Biobank (mean age 69) using the Human Connectome Project multimodal parcellation atlas with 360 well-specified cortical regions. Most of the functional connectivities were lower in females (Bonferroni corrected), with the mean Cohen's d = - 0.18. Removing these as covariates reduced the difference of functional connectivities for females-males from d = - 0.18 to - 0.06. The lower functional connectivities in females were especially of somatosensory/premotor regions including the insula, opercular cortex, paracentral lobule and mid-cingulate cortex, and were correlated with lower maximum workload (r = 0.17), and with higher whole body fat mass (r = - 0.17). But some functional connectivities were higher in females, involving especially the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, and these were correlated with higher liking for some rewards such as sweet foods, higher happiness/subjective well-being, and with better memory-related functions. The main findings were replicated in 1000 individuals (532 females, mean age 29) from the Human Connectome Project. This investigation shows the cortical systems with different functional connectivity between females and males, and also provides for the first time a foundation for understanding the implications for behavior of these differences between females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200403, China.
- Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK.
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200403, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200403, China
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30
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Baggeroer CE, Cambronero FE, Savan NA, Jefferson AL, Santisteban MM. Basic Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cognitive Decline in Hypertension. Hypertension 2024; 81:34-44. [PMID: 37732479 PMCID: PMC10840624 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.19939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Dementia affects almost 50 million adults worldwide, and remains a major cause of death and disability. Hypertension is a leading risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer disease and Alzheimer disease-related dementias. Although this association is well-established, the mechanisms underlying hypertension-induced cognitive decline remain poorly understood. By exploring the mechanisms mediating the detrimental effects of hypertension on the brain, studies have aimed to provide therapeutic insights and strategies on how to protect the brain from the effects of blood pressure elevation. In this review, we focus on the basic mechanisms contributing to the cerebrovascular adaptions to elevated blood pressure and hypertension-induced microvascular injury. We also assess the cellular mechanisms of neurovascular unit dysfunction, focusing on the premise that cognitive impairment ensues when the dynamic metabolic demands of neurons are not met due to neurovascular uncoupling, and summarize cognitive deficits across various rodent models of hypertension as a resource for investigators. Despite significant advances in antihypertensive therapy, hypertension remains a critical risk factor for cognitive decline, and several questions remain about the development and progression of hypertension-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Baggeroer
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Francis E. Cambronero
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - N. Anna Savan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Angela L. Jefferson
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Monica M. Santisteban
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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31
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Alotaibi M, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Busch K, Loudghi A, Gaudreau P, Graham RK. Olfactory Dysfunction Associated with Cognitive Decline in an Elderly Population. Exp Aging Res 2024; 50:1-16. [PMID: 36545820 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2022.2160597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer disease, early olfactory dysfunction is observed. OBJECTIVE In order to determine if deficits in olfactory memory are present in the elderly and if olfactory dysfunction correlates with cognitive impairment in the aging population, olfactory testing has been done on seniors from the NuAge cohort accepting to participate in the Olfactory Response Cognition and Aging (ORCA) secondary sub-study. The t-Mini Mental Statement Examination and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status tests were done to assess cognition levels. RESULTS Overall, 94% of the ORCA cohort displayed olfactory dysfunction. Deficits in olfactory memory were also present. A correlation was observed between olfactory function and cognitive test scores. Moreover, in women who smoked, there was an association between olfactory memory and cognitive scores. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that olfactory dysfunction may predict impending cognitive decline and highlights the need for olfactory training in seniors to improve olfaction and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Alotaibi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffiled, UK
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Kate Busch
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amal Loudghi
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rona K Graham
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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Duchesne S, Rousseau LS, Belzile-Marsolais F, Welch LA, Cournoyer B, Arseneau M, Lapierre V, Poulin SM, Potvin O, Hudon C. A Scoping Review of Alzheimers Disease Hypotheses: An Array of Uni- and Multi-Factorial Theories. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:843-856. [PMID: 38788067 PMCID: PMC11191496 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background There is a common agreement that Alzheimers disease (AD) is inherently complex; otherwise, a general disagreement remains on its etiological underpinning, with numerous alternative hypotheses having been proposed. Objective To perform a scoping review of original manuscripts describing hypotheses and theories of AD published in the past decades. Results We reviewed 131 original manuscripts that fulfilled our inclusion criteria out of more than 13,807 references extracted from open databases. Each entry was characterized as having a single or multifactorial focus and assigned to one of 15 theoretical groupings. Impact was tracked using open citation tools. Results Three stages can be discerned in terms of hypotheses generation, with three quarter of studies proposing a hypothesis characterized as being single-focus. The most important theoretical groupings were the Amyloid group, followed by Metabolism and Mitochondrial dysfunction, then Infections and Cerebrovascular. Lately, evidence towards Genetics and especially Gut/Brain interactions came to the fore. Conclusions When viewed together, these multi-faceted reports reinforce the notion that AD affects multiple sub-cellular, cellular, anatomical, and physiological systems at the same time but at varying degree between individuals. The challenge of providing a comprehensive view of all systems and their interactions remains, alongside ways to manage this inherent complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Duchesne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Simon Rousseau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Florence Belzile-Marsolais
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Laurie-Ann Welch
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Véronick Lapierre
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Olivier Potvin
- Quebec Heart and Lung Research Institute, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Psychology, Université, Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- VITAM Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Huang Y, Driedonks TAP, Cheng L, Turchinovich A, Pletnikova O, Redding-Ochoa J, Troncoso JC, Hill AF, Mahairaki V, Zheng L, Witwer KW. Small RNA Profiles of Brain Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S235-S248. [PMID: 37781809 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging contributors to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Differential abundance of ncRNAs carried by EVs may provide valuable insights into underlying disease mechanisms. Brain tissue-derived EVs (bdEVs) are particularly relevant, as they may offer valuable insights about the tissue of origin. However, there is limited research on diverse ncRNA species in bdEVs in AD. Objective This study explored whether the non-coding RNA composition of EVs isolated from post-mortem brain tissue is related to AD pathogenesis. Methods bdEVs from age-matched late-stage AD patients (n = 23) and controls (n = 10) that had been separated and characterized in our previous study were used for RNA extraction, small RNA sequencing, and qPCR verification. Results Significant differences of non-coding RNAs between AD and controls were found, especially for miRNAs and tRNAs. AD pathology-related miRNA and tRNA differences of bdEVs partially matched expression differences in source brain tissues. AD pathology had a more prominent association than biological sex with bdEV miRNA and tRNA components in late-stage AD brains. Conclusions Our study provides further evidence that EV non-coding RNAs from human brain tissue, including but not limited to miRNAs, may be altered and contribute to AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyao Huang
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tom A P Driedonks
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Andrey Turchinovich
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biolabs GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Javier Redding-Ochoa
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vasiliki Mahairaki
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lukacsovich D, O’Shea D, Huang H, Zhang W, Young JI, Steven Chen X, Dietrich ST, Kunkle B, Martin ER, Wang L. MIAMI-AD (Methylation in Aging and Methylation in AD): an integrative knowledgebase that facilitates explorations of DNA methylation across sex, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.04.23299412. [PMID: 38105943 PMCID: PMC10723513 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.04.23299412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a significant impact on aging populations. DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations have been implicated in both the aging processes and the development of AD. Given that AD affects more women than men, it is also important to explore DNAm changes that occur specifically in each sex. We created MIAMI-AD, a comprehensive knowledge base containing manually curated summary statistics from 97 published tables in 37 studies, all of which included at least 100 participants. MIAMI-AD enables easy browsing, querying, and downloading DNAm associations at multiple levels - at individual CpG, gene, genomic regions, or genome-wide, in one or multiple studies. Moreover, it also offers tools to perform integrative analyses, such as comparing DNAm associations across different phenotypes or tissues, as well as interactive visualizations. Using several use case examples, we demonstrated that MIAMI-AD facilitates our understanding of age-associated CpGs in AD and the sex-specific roles of DNAm in AD. This open-access resource is freely available to the research community, and all the underlying data can be downloaded. MIAMI-AD (https://miami-ad.org/) facilitates integrative explorations to better understand the interplay between DNAm across aging, sex, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lukacsovich
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Deirdre O’Shea
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, 33433
| | - Hanchen Huang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan I. Young
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - X. Steven Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sven-Thorsten Dietrich
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Brian Kunkle
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Eden R. Martin
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lily Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Dr. John T Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Zhou Z, Tarzanagh DA, Hou B, Tong B, Xu J, Feng Y, Long Q, Shen L. Fair Canonical Correlation Analysis. ADVANCES IN NEURAL INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS 2023; 36:3675-3705. [PMID: 38665178 PMCID: PMC11040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This paper investigates fairness and bias in Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), a widely used statistical technique for examining the relationship between two sets of variables. We present a framework that alleviates unfairness by minimizing the correlation disparity error associated with protected attributes. Our approach enables CCA to learn global projection matrices from all data points while ensuring that these matrices yield comparable correlation levels to group-specific projection matrices. Experimental evaluation on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrates the efficacy of our method in reducing correlation disparity error without compromising CCA accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jia Xu
- University of Pennsylvania
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Bodryzlova Y, Kim A, Michaud X, André C, Bélanger E, Moullec G. Social class and the risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prospective longitudinal studies. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51:1122-1135. [PMID: 35815546 PMCID: PMC10642219 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between belonging to a disadvantaged socio-economic status or social class and health outcomes has been consistently documented during recent decades. However, a meta-analysis quantifying the association between belonging to a lower social class and the risk of dementia has yet to be performed. In the present work, we sought to summarise the results of prospective, longitudinal studies on this topic. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective, longitudinal studies measuring the association between indicators of social class and the risk of all-cause/Alzheimer's dementia. The search was conducted in four databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PsychInfo). Inclusion criteria for this systematic review and meta-analysis were: (a) longitudinal prospective study, (b) aged ⩾60 years at baseline, (c) issued from the general population, (d) no dementia at baseline and (e) mention of social class as exposure. Exclusion criteria were: (a) study of rare dementia types (e.g. frontotemporal dementia), (b) abstract-only papers and (c) articles without full text available. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. We calculated the overall pooled relative risk of dementia for different social class indicators, both crude and adjusted for sex, age and the year of the cohort start. RESULTS Out of 4548 screened abstracts, 15 were included in the final analysis (76,561 participants, mean follow-up 6.7 years (2.4-25 years), mean age at baseline 75.1 years (70.6-82.1 years), mean percentage of women 58%). Social class was operationalised as levels of education, occupational class, income level, neighbourhood disadvantage and wealth. Education (relative risk (RR)=2.48; confidence interval (CI) 1.71-3.59) and occupational class (RR=2.09; CI 1.18-3.69) but not income (RR=1.28; CI 0.81-2.04) were significantly associated with the risk of dementia in the adjusted model. Some of the limitations of this study are the inclusion of studies predominantly conducted in high-income countries and the exclusion of social mobility in our analysis. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that there is a significant association between belonging to a social class and the risk of dementia, with education and occupation being the most relevant indicators of social class regarding this risk. Studying the relationship between belonging to a disadvantaged social class and dementia risk might be a fruitful path to diminishing the incidence of dementia over time. However, a narrow operationalisation of social class that only includes education, occupation and income may reduce the potential for such studies to inform social policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexie Kim
- École de santé publique de l’Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Xavier Michaud
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l’île-de-Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Claire André
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l’île-de-Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Grégory Moullec
- École de santé publique de l’Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal, Canada
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Petkus AJ, Salminen LE, Wang X, Driscoll I, Millstein J, Beavers DP, Espeland MA, Braskie MN, Thompson PM, Casanova R, Gatz M, Chui HC, Resnick SM, Kaufman JD, Rapp SR, Shumaker S, Younan D, Chen JC. Alzheimer's Related Neurodegeneration Mediates Air Pollution Effects on Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.29.23299144. [PMID: 38076972 PMCID: PMC10705654 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.23299144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution, especially particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), are environmental risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is an important brain region subserving episodic memory that atrophies with age, during the Alzheimer's disease continuum, and is vulnerable to the effects of cerebrovascular disease. Despite the importance of air pollution it is unclear whether exposure leads to atrophy of the MTL and by what pathways. Here we conducted a longitudinal study examining associations between ambient air pollution exposure and MTL atrophy and whether putative air pollution exposure effects resembled Alzheimer's disease-related neurodegeneration or cerebrovascular disease-related neurodegeneration. Participants included older women (n = 627; aged 71-87) who underwent two structural brain MRI scans (MRI-1: 2005-6; MRI-2: 2009-10) as part of the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Regionalized universal kriging was used to estimate annual concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 at residential locations aggregated to 3-year averages prior to MRI-1. The outcome was 5-year standardized change in MTL volumes. Mediators included voxel-based MRI measures of the spatial pattern of neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease pattern similarity scores [AD-PS]) and whole-brain white matter small-vessel ischemic disease (WM-SVID) volume as a proxy of global cerebrovascular damage. Structural equation models were constructed to examine whether the associations between exposures with MTL atrophy were mediated by the initial level or concurrent change in AD-PS score or WM-SVID while adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics, and intracranial volume. Living in locations with higher PM2.5 (per interquartile range [IQR]=3.17μg/m3) or NO2 (per IQR=6.63ppb) was associated with greater MTL atrophy (βPM2.5 = -0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]=[-0.41,-0.18]; βNO2 =-0.12, 95%CI=[-0.23,-0.02]). Greater PM2.5 was associated with larger increases in AD-PS (βPM2.5 = 0.23, 95%CI=[0.12,0.33]) over time, which partially mediated associations with MTL atrophy (indirect effect= -0.10; 95%CI=[-0.15, -0.05]), explaining approximately 32% of the total effect. NO2 was positively associated with AD-PS at MRI-1 (βNO2=0.13, 95%CI=[0.03,0.24]), which partially mediated the association with MTL atrophy (indirect effect= -0.01, 95% CI=[-0.03,-0.001]). Global WM-SVID at MRI-1 or concurrent change were not significant mediators between exposures and MTL atrophy. Findings support the mediating role of Alzheimer's disease-related neurodegeneration contributing to MTL atrophy associated with late-life exposures to air pollutants. Alzheimer's disease-related neurodegeneration only partially explained associations between exposure and MTL atrophy suggesting the role of multiple neuropathological processes underlying air pollution neurotoxicity on brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Petkus
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Lauren E. Salminen
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Ira Driscoll
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States
| | - Joshua Millstein
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Daniel P. Beavers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, United States
| | - Mark A. Espeland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, United States
| | - Meredith N. Braskie
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Ramon Casanova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, United States
| | - Margaret Gatz
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, United States
| | - Helena C. Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Susan M Resnick
- The Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, 20898, United States
| | - Joel D. Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine (General Internal Medicine), and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States
| | - Stephen R. Rapp
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina , 27101, United States
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, United States
| | - Sally Shumaker
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, United States
| | - Diana Younan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States
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Cutia CA, Christian-Hinman CA. Mechanisms linking neurological disorders with reproductive endocrine dysfunction: Insights from epilepsy research. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 71:101084. [PMID: 37506886 PMCID: PMC10818027 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Gonadal hormone actions in the brain can both worsen and alleviate symptoms of neurological disorders. Although neurological conditions and reproductive endocrine function are seemingly disparate, compelling evidence indicates that reciprocal interactions exist between certain disorders and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis irregularities. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that shows significant reproductive endocrine dysfunction (RED) in clinical populations. Seizures, particularly those arising from temporal lobe structures, can drive HPG axis alterations, and hormones produced in the HPG axis can reciprocally modulate seizure activity. Despite this relationship, mechanistic links between seizures and RED, and vice versa, are still largely unknown. Here, we review clinical evidence alongside recent investigations in preclinical animal models into the contributions of seizures to HPG axis malfunction, describe the effects of HPG axis hormonal feedback on seizure activity, and discuss how epilepsy research can offer insight into mechanisms linking neurological disorders to HPG axis dysfunction, an understudied area of neuroendocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn A Cutia
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine A Christian-Hinman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Kim SJ, Bae YJ, Park YH, Jang H, Kim JP, Seo SW, Seong JK, Kim GH. Sex differences in the structural rich-club connectivity in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1209027. [PMID: 37771522 PMCID: PMC10525353 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1209027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Alzheimer's disease (AD) is more prevalent in women than in men; however, there is a discrepancy in research on sex differences in AD. The human brain is a large-scale network with hub regions forming a central core, the rich-club, which is vital to cognitive functions. However, it is unknown whether alterations in the rich-clubs in AD differ between men and women. We aimed to investigate sex differences in the rich-club organization in the brains of patients with AD. Methods In total, 260 cognitively unimpaired individuals with negative amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans, 281 with prodromal AD (mild cognitive impairment due to AD) and 285 with AD dementia who confirmed with positive amyloid PET scans participated in the study. We obtained high-resolution T1-weighted and diffusion tensor images and performed network analysis. Results We observed sex differences in the rich-club and feeder connections in patients with AD, suggesting lower structural connectivity strength in women than in men. We observed a significant group-by-sex interaction in the feeder connections, particularly in the thalamus. In addition, the connectivity strength of the thalamus in the feeder connections was significantly correlated with general cognitive function in only men with prodromal AD and women with AD dementia. Conclusion Our findings provide important evidence for sex-specific alterations in the structural brain network related to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Jung Bae
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kyung Seong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Ha Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Han CZ, Li RZ, Hansen E, Trescott S, Fixsen BR, Nguyen CT, Mora CM, Spann NJ, Bennett HR, Poirion O, Buchanan J, Warden AS, Xia B, Schlachetzki JCM, Pasillas MP, Preissl S, Wang A, O'Connor C, Shriram S, Kim R, Schafer D, Ramirez G, Challacombe J, Anavim SA, Johnson A, Gupta M, Glass IA, Levy ML, Haim SB, Gonda DD, Laurent L, Hughes JF, Page DC, Blurton-Jones M, Glass CK, Coufal NG. Human microglia maturation is underpinned by specific gene regulatory networks. Immunity 2023; 56:2152-2171.e13. [PMID: 37582369 PMCID: PMC10529991 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Microglia phenotypes are highly regulated by the brain environment, but the transcriptional networks that specify the maturation of human microglia are poorly understood. Here, we characterized stage-specific transcriptomes and epigenetic landscapes of fetal and postnatal human microglia and acquired corresponding data in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia, in cerebral organoids, and following engraftment into humanized mice. Parallel development of computational approaches that considered transcription factor (TF) co-occurrence and enhancer activity allowed prediction of shared and state-specific gene regulatory networks associated with fetal and postnatal microglia. Additionally, many features of the human fetal-to-postnatal transition were recapitulated in a time-dependent manner following the engraftment of iPSC cells into humanized mice. These data and accompanying computational approaches will facilitate further efforts to elucidate mechanisms by which human microglia acquire stage- and disease-specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Z Han
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rick Z Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Emily Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Samantha Trescott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bethany R Fixsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Celina T Nguyen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cristina M Mora
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nathanael J Spann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hunter R Bennett
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivier Poirion
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Justin Buchanan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anna S Warden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Johannes C M Schlachetzki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Martina P Pasillas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Allen Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Shreya Shriram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roy Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Danielle Schafer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriela Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jean Challacombe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Samuel A Anavim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Avalon Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mihir Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ian A Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael L Levy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Sharona Ben Haim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David D Gonda
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Louise Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - David C Page
- Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92696, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Nicole G Coufal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Kopal J, Uddin LQ, Bzdok D. The end game: respecting major sources of population diversity. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1122-1128. [PMID: 36869122 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- TheNeuro - Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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González Olmo BM, Bettes MN, DeMarsh JW, Zhao F, Askwith C, Barrientos RM. Short-term high-fat diet consumption impairs synaptic plasticity in the aged hippocampus via IL-1 signaling. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:35. [PMID: 37460765 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
More Americans are consuming diets higher in saturated fats and refined sugars than ever before. These trends could have serious consequences for the older population because high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, known to induce neuroinflammation, has been shown to accelerate and aggravate memory declines. We have previously demonstrated that short-term HFD consumption, which does not evoke obesity-related comorbidities, produced profound impairments to hippocampal-dependent memory in aged rats. These impairments were precipitated by increases in proinflammatory cytokines, primarily interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Here, we explored the extent to which short-term HFD consumption disrupts hippocampal synaptic plasticity, as measured by long-term potentiation (LTP), in young adult and aged rats. We demonstrated that (1) HFD disrupted late-phase LTP in the hippocampus of aged, but not young adult rats, (2) HFD did not disrupt early-phase LTP, and (3) blockade of the IL-1 receptor rescued L-LTP in aged HFD-fed rats. These findings suggest that hippocampal memory impairments in aged rats following HFD consumption occur through the deterioration of synaptic plasticity and that IL-1β is a critical driver of that deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte M González Olmo
- Department of Biomedical Education & Anatomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Menaz N Bettes
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James W DeMarsh
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fangli Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Candice Askwith
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Manca M, Standke HG, Browne DF, Huntley ML, Thomas OR, Orrú CD, Hughson AG, Kim Y, Zhang J, Tatsuoka C, Zhu X, Hiniker A, Coughlin DG, Galasko D, Kraus A. Tau seeds occur before earliest Alzheimer's changes and are prevalent across neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:31-50. [PMID: 37154939 PMCID: PMC10261243 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tau neurofibrillary tangles are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease neuropathological change. However, it remains largely unclear how distinctive Alzheimer's disease tau seeds (i.e. 3R/4R) correlate with histological indicators of tau accumulation. Furthermore, AD tau co-pathology is thought to influence features and progression of other neurodegenerative diseases including Lewy body disease; yet measurements of different types of tau seeds in the setting of such diseases is an unmet need. Here, we use tau real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assays to selectively quantitate 3R/4R tau seeds in the frontal lobe which accumulates histologically identifiable tau pathology at late disease stages of AD neuropathologic change. Seed quantitation across a spectrum of neurodegenerative disease cases and controls indicated tau seeding activity can be detected well before accompanying histopathological indication of tau deposits, and even prior to the earliest evidence of Alzheimer's-related tau accumulation anywhere in the brain. In later stages of AD, 3R/4R tau RT-QuIC measures correlated with immunohistochemical tau burden. In addition, Alzheimer's tau seeds occur in the vast majority of cases evaluated here inclusive of primary synucleinopathies, frontotemporal lobar degeneration and even controls albeit at multi-log lower levels than Alzheimer's cases. α-synuclein seeding activity confirmed synucleinopathy cases and further indicated the co-occurrence of α-synuclein seeds in some Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathy cases. Our analysis indicates that 3R/4R tau seeds in the mid-frontal lobe correlate with the overall Braak stage and Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change, supporting the quantitative predictive value of tau RT-QuIC assays. Our data also indicate 3R/4R tau seeds are elevated in females compared to males at high (≥ IV) Braak stages. This study suggests 3R/4R tau seeds are widespread even prior to the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease changes, including in normal, and even young individuals, with prevalence across multiple neurodegenerative diseases to further define disease subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Manca
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Heidi G Standke
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Danielle F Browne
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Mikayla L Huntley
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Olivia R Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Christina D Orrú
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Andrew G Hughson
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Yongya Kim
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Curtis Tatsuoka
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Annie Hiniker
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - David G Coughlin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - Allison Kraus
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Paolillo EW, You M, Gontrum E, Saloner R, Gaynor LS, Kramer JH, Casaletto KB. Sex Differences in the Relationship between Perceived Stress and Cognitive Trajectories. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:401-410. [PMID: 36509633 PMCID: PMC10468214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic stress adversely affects cognition, in part due to stress-induced inflammation. Rodent models suggest females are more resilient against stress-related cognitive dysfunction than males; however, few studies have examined this in humans. We examined sex differences in the relationship between perceived stress, cognitive functioning, and peripheral inflammation over time among cognitively normal older adults. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study. SETTING University research center. PARTICIPANTS 274 community-dwelling older adults (baseline age: M=70.7, SD=7.2; 58% women; Clinical Dementia Rating=0) who completed at least two study visits. MEASUREMENTS Neurocognitive functioning and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]) were assessed at each visit. Plasma was analyzed for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in a subset of 147 participants. Linear mixed effects models examined the interaction between average PSS (i.e., averaged within persons across visits), sex, and time on cognitive domains and on inflammatory markers. RESULTS The interaction between stress, sex, and time predicted executive functioning (β = 0.26, SE = 0.10, p = 0.01) such that higher average PSS related to steeper declines in men, but not in women. Among the 147 participants with inflammatory data, higher average PSS was associated with steeper increases in IL-6 over time in men, but not in women. CONCLUSION Consistent with animal models, results showed older men were more vulnerable to negative effects of stress on cognitive aging, with domain-specific declines in executive function. Findings also suggest systemic immunological mechanisms may underlie increased risk for cognitive decline in men with higher levels of stress. Future work is needed to examine the potential efficacy of person-specific stress interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Paolillo
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Michelle You
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Eva Gontrum
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Rowan Saloner
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Leslie S Gaynor
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kaitlin B Casaletto
- Memory and Aging Center (EWP, MY, EG, RS, LSG, JHK, KBC), Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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45
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Upadhyaya P, Ling Y, Chen L, Kim Y, Jiang X. Inferring Personalized Treatment Effect of Antihypertensives on Alzheimer's Disease Using Deep Learning. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS 2023; 2023:49-57. [PMID: 38516035 PMCID: PMC10956734 DOI: 10.1109/ichi57859.2023.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, especially among the elderly. Recent studies have shown how hypertension is related to cognitive decline in elderly patients, which in turn leads to increased mortality as well as morbidity. There have been various studies that have looked at the effect of antihypertensive drugs in reducing cognitive decline, and their results have proved inconclusive. However, most of these studies assume the treatment effect is similar for all patients, thus considering only the average treatment effects of antihypertensive drugs. In this paper, we assume that the effect of antihypertensives on the onset of AD depends on patient characteristics. We develop a deep learning method called LASSO-Dragonnet to estimate the individualized treatment effects of each patient. We considered six antihypertensive drugs, and each of the six models considered one of the drugs as the treatment and the remaining as control. Our studies showed that although many antihypertensives have a positive impact in delaying AD onset on average, the impact varies from individual to individual, depending on their various characteristics. We also analyzed the importance of various covariates in such an estimation. Our results showed that the individualized treatment effects of each patient could be estimated accurately using a deep learning method, and that the importance of various covariates could be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaobin Ling
- School of Biomedical Informatics, UT Health, Houston, USA
| | - Luyao Chen
- School of Biomedical Informatics, UT Health, Houston, USA
| | - Yejin Kim
- School of Biomedical Informatics, UT Health, Houston, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Jiang
- School of Biomedical Informatics, UT Health, Houston, USA
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Alotaibi MM, De Marco M, Venneri A. Sex differences in olfactory cortex neuronal loss in aging. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1130200. [PMID: 37323926 PMCID: PMC10265738 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1130200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging plays a major role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, and impacts neuronal loss. Olfactory dysfunction can be an early alteration heralding the presence of a neurodegenerative disorder in aging. Studying alterations in olfaction-related brain regions might help detection of neurodegenerative diseases at an earlier stage as well as protect individuals from any danger caused by loss of sense of smell. Objective To assess the effect of age and sex on olfactory cortex volume in cognitively healthy participants. Method Neurologically healthy participants were divided in three groups based on their age: young (20-35 years; n = 53), middle-aged (36-65 years; n = 66) and older (66-85 years; n = 95). T1-weighted MRI scans acquired at 1.5 T were processed using SPM12. Smoothed images were used to extract the volume of olfactory cortex regions. Results ANCOVA analyses showed significant differences in volume between age groups in the olfactory cortex (p ≤ 0.0001). In women, neuronal loss started earlier than in men (in the 4th decade of life), while in men more substantial neuronal loss in olfactory cortex regions was detected only later in life. Conclusion Data indicate that age-related reduction in the volume of the olfactory cortex starts earlier in women than in men. The findings suggest that volume changes in olfaction-related brain regions in the aging population deserve further attention as potential proxies of increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M. Alotaibi
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genomics Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matteo De Marco
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Camara G, Alotaibi M, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Busch K, Gendron L, Graham RK. Specific olfactory deficit patterns observed in seniors and associated with cognitive decline. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 126:110775. [PMID: 37120003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom in neurodegenerative disorders and is regarded as a potential early predictor of impending cognitive decline. This study was undertaken in order to determine if olfactory dysfunction observed in the elderly is due to a general loss of smell or the inability to detect specific odours, and if misidentification of odours correlates with cognitive scores. Seniors for the Olfactory Response and Cognition in Aging (ORCA) sub-study were recruited from the Quebec Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge) cohort. The University of Pennsylvania smell identification test (UPSIT) was performed to measure olfactory function and the telephone Mini Mental State Examination (t-MMSE) and the French version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status Modified (F-TICS-m) for cognitive status. The results demonstrate that seniors exhibit specific olfactory loss and had severe difficulty in particular in identifying lemon, pizza, fruit punch, cheddar cheese and lime. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the ability to detect certain odours between the sexes. Results also showed that misidentification of certain scents was associated with cognitive scores, and when the sexes were assessed separately sex-specific misidentification of cognitive-associated odours was observed. The relationship between the cognitive scores and scent misidentification suggests that impending cognitive decline may be highlighted by the inability to smell specific odours. Our study provides additional support for the testing of olfactory function in the elderly and suggests that loss of smell for particular scents may become a useful diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Camara
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Canada; Dept of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Majed Alotaibi
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, United States of America; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health and Science, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Canada; Dept of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Kate Busch
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Dept of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Rona K Graham
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Canada; Dept of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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Yu H, Fujita H, Akiyama M, Sumita YI, Wakabayashi N. Prevalence of Possible Dementia in Patients with Maxillofacial Defects and Difficulty of Inserting Obturator in Maxillectomy Patients: Toward Better Provision of Supportive Care. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072722. [PMID: 37048805 PMCID: PMC10095478 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As society ages, it is important to understand the prevalence of dementia and the difficulties of inserting prostheses in patients with maxillofacial defects in order to clarify issues in supportive care. We screened 183 patients for dementia using the revised Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS-R) at the Clinic for Maxillofacial prosthetics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and investigated age and sex differences in HDS-R score. We asked 47 of the 183 participants about the difficulty of inserting a maxillofacial obturator prosthesis and collected subjective comments, information about the prosthesis, and data from five assessments. Multiple regression analysis was used to reveal factors associated with insertion difficulty. Overall, 8.7% of the participants were judged to have possible dementia. Men were more likely than women to have possible dementia, and the risk increased with age. Of the 47 participants, 26 reported difficulty inserting their prosthesis, 12 of whom attributed it to their oral defect. Fourteen patients advised following doctor's instructions to practice insertion in order to become accustomed to it. A lower HDS-R score had a significant impact on insertion difficulty. Cognitive function and difficulty inserting maxillary obturator prostheses should be considered in the provision of continuous supportive care to patients with maxillary defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yu
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Haruka Fujita
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masako Akiyama
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuka I Sumita
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wakabayashi
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Zhang L, He CH, Coffey S, Yin D, Hsu IU, Su C, Ye Y, Zhang C, Spurrier J, Nicholson L, Rothlin CV, Ghosh S, Gopal PP, Hafler DA, Zhao H, Strittmatter SM. Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of Alzheimer's disease middle temporal gyrus reveals region, cell type and sex specificity of gene expression with novel genetic risk for MERTK in female. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.18.23286037. [PMID: 36865305 PMCID: PMC9980267 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.18.23286037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, is closely associated with both amyloid-ß plaque and neuroinflammation. Two thirds of Alzheimer's disease patients are females and they have a higher disease risk. Moreover, women with Alzheimer's disease have more extensive brain histological changes than men along with more severe cognitive symptoms and neurodegeneration. To identify how sex difference induces structural brain changes, we performed unbiased massively parallel single nucleus RNA sequencing on Alzheimer's disease and control brains focusing on the middle temporal gyrus, a brain region strongly affected by the disease but not previously studied with these methods. We identified a subpopulation of selectively vulnerable layer 2/3 excitatory neurons that that were RORB-negative and CDH9-expressing. This vulnerability differs from that reported for other brain regions, but there was no detectable difference between male and female patterns in middle temporal gyrus samples. Disease-associated, but sex-independent, reactive astrocyte signatures were also present. In clear contrast, the microglia signatures of diseased brains differed between males and females. Combining single cell transcriptomic data with results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified MERTK genetic variation as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease selectively in females. Taken together, our single cell dataset revealed a unique cellular-level view of sex-specific transcriptional changes in Alzheimer's disease, illuminating GWAS identification of sex-specific Alzheimer's risk genes. These data serve as a rich resource for interrogation of the molecular and cellular basis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Hsieh PI, Chen YC, Chen TF, Chiou JM, Chen JH. Multimorbid Patterns and Cognitive Performance in the Presence of Informative Dropout Among Community-Dwelling Taiwanese Older Adults. Innov Aging 2023; 7:igad012. [PMID: 37007640 PMCID: PMC10053640 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Longitudinal studies among older adults often feature elevated dropout rates and multiple chronic conditions. How Taiwanese multimorbid patterns relate to different cognitive domains remains unclear. This study aims to identify sex-specific multimorbid patterns and associate them with cognitive performance while modeling the risk for dropout. Research Design and Methods A prospective cohort study (2011-19) in Taiwan recruited 449 Taiwanese older adults without dementia. Global and domain-specific cognition were assessed biennially. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify baseline sex-specific multimorbid patterns of 19 self-reported chronic conditions. We utilized a joint model incorporating longitudinal and time-to-dropout data to examine the association between multimorbid patterns and cognitive performance accounting for the informative dropout via the shared random effect. Results At the end of the study, 324 participants (72.1%) remained in the cohort, with an average annual attrition rate of 5.5%. We found that advanced age, low levels of physical activities, and poor cognition at baseline were associated with increased dropout risks. Besides, 6 multimorbid patterns were identified, labeled Mental, Renal-vascular, and Cancer-urinary patterns in men, and Mental, Cardiometabolic, and Cancer-endocrine patterns in women. For men, as the follow-up time increased, the Mental pattern was associated with poor global cognition and attention; the Renal-vascular pattern was associated with poor executive function. For women, the Mental pattern was associated with poor memory; as follow-up time increased, and Cardiometabolic patterns were related to poor memory. Discussion and Implications Sex-specific multimorbid patterns identified in the Taiwanese older population showed differences (notably Renal-vascular pattern in men) from patterns found in Western countries and were differentially associated with cognitive impairment over time. When informative dropout is suspected, appropriate statistical methods should be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Iun Hsieh
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Min Chiou
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Nankang District, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Statistics and Data Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hau Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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