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Mitrović D, Mihić L, Sadiković S, Smederevac S. Common genetic and environmental bases of the mental disorders and personality traits: Special focus on the hierarchical model of psychopathology and NEO-PI-R facets. J Pers 2024; 92:1143-1157. [PMID: 37614221 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether phenotypic correlations between psychopathological dimensions and personality traits of different hierarchical levels originate from common genetic and environmental sources of variance. METHOD Participants were 386 monozygotic and 204 dizygotic twins. The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) was applied along with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R). The results of the CFA confirmed the hypothesis of the internalizing and externalizing dimensions underlying PDSQ scales. RESULTS The results indicated a significantly greater role of genetic compared to environmental factors in the relationship between internalizing psychopathology and personality traits. Facets of neuroticism showed positive genetic links with internalizing disorders, while negative genetic links were shown for all facets of extraversion except excitement-seeking, competence, self-discipline, achievement striving, actions, and trust. Lower-order personality traits were shown to be associated with internalizing disorders more intensively than the broader domains to which they belong, both at the phenotypic and genetic levels. CONCLUSIONS High neuroticism, together with several facets from the domain of extraversion and conscientiousness seems to represent an increased genetic susceptibility to the disorders from the internalizing spectrum. Results also suggest that specific environmental factors which are not shared with personality traits contribute to the internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušanka Mitrović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Mihić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Selka Sadiković
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Snežana Smederevac
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Masuya J, Morishita C, Ono M, Honyashiki M, Tamada Y, Seki T, Shimura A, Tanabe H, Inoue T. Moderation by better sleep of the association among childhood maltreatment, neuroticism, and depressive symptoms in the adult volunteers: A moderated mediation model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305033. [PMID: 38995961 PMCID: PMC11244762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we demonstrated that childhood maltreatment could worsen depressive symptoms through neuroticism. On the one hand, some studies report that sleep disturbances are related to childhood maltreatment and neuroticism and worsens depressive symptoms. But, to our knowledge, no reports to date have shown the interrelatedness between childhood maltreatment, neuroticism, and depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance in the one model. We hypothesized that sleep disturbance enhances the influence of maltreatment victimization in childhood or neuroticism on adulthood depressive symptoms and the mediation influence of neuroticism between maltreatment victimization in childhood and adulthood depressive symptoms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Total 584 Japanese volunteer adults recruited through convenience sampling from 4/2017 to 4/2018 were assessed regarding their characteristics of demographics, history of childhood maltreatment, sleep disturbance, neuroticism, and depressive symptoms with questionnaires self-administered. Survey data were analyzed using simple moderation models and a moderating mediation model. RESULTS The interaction of sleep disturbance with childhood maltreatment or neuroticism on depressive symptoms was significantly positive. Furthermore, the moderating effect of sleep disturbance on the indirect effect of childhood maltreatment to depressive symptoms through neuroticism was significantly positive. LIMITATIONS Because this was a cross-sectional study, a causal relationship could not be confirmed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that individuals with milder sleep disturbance experience fewer depressive symptoms attributable to neuroticism and childhood maltreatment. Additionally, people with less sleep disturbance have fewer depressive symptoms arising from neuroticism owing to childhood maltreatment. Therefore, improvement of sleep disturbance will buffer the aggravating effect of childhood maltreatment, neuroticism caused by various factors, and neuroticism resulting from childhood maltreatment on depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Miki Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mina Honyashiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Tamada
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Seki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanabe
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Strom NI, Verhulst B, Bacanu SA, Cheesman R, Purves KL, Gedik H, Mitchell BL, Kwong AS, Faucon AB, Singh K, Medland S, Colodro-Conde L, Krebs K, Hoffmann P, Herms S, Gehlen J, Ripke S, Awasthi S, Palviainen T, Tasanko EM, Peterson RE, Adkins DE, Shabalin AA, Adams MJ, Iveson MH, Campbell A, Thomas LF, Winsvold BS, Drange OK, Børte S, Ter Kuile AR, Nguyen TH, Meier SM, Corfield EC, Hannigan L, Levey DF, Czamara D, Weber H, Choi KW, Pistis G, Couvy-Duchesne B, Van der Auwera S, Teumer A, Karlsson R, Garcia-Argibay M, Lee D, Wang R, Bjerkeset O, Stordal E, Bäckmann J, Salum GA, Zai CC, Kennedy JL, Zai G, Tiwari AK, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Schmidt B, Kaprio J, Kennedy MM, Boden J, Havdahl A, Middeldorp CM, Lopes FL, Akula N, McMahon FJ, Binder EB, Fehm L, Ströhle A, Castelao E, Tiemeier H, Stein DJ, Whiteman D, Olsen C, Fuller Z, Wang X, Wray NR, Byrne EM, Lewis G, Timpson NJ, Davis LK, Hickie IB, Gillespie NA, Milani L, Schumacher J, Woldbye DP, Forstner AJ, Nöthen MM, Hovatta I, Horwood J, Copeland WE, Maes HH, McIntosh AM, Andreassen OA, Zwart JA, Mors O, Børglum AD, Mortensen PB, Ask H, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Najman JM, Stein MB, Gelernter J, Milaneschi Y, Penninx BW, Boomsma DI, Maron E, Erhardt-Lehmann A, Rück C, Kircher TT, Melzig CA, Alpers GW, Arolt V, Domschke K, Smoller JW, Preisig M, Martin NG, Lupton MK, Luik AI, Reif A, Grabe HJ, Larsson H, Magnusson PK, Oldehinkel AJ, Hartman CA, Breen G, Docherty AR, Coon H, Conrad R, Lehto K, Deckert J, Eley TC, Mattheisen M, Hettema JM. Genome-wide association study of major anxiety disorders in 122,341 European-ancestry cases identifies 58 loci and highlights GABAergic signaling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.03.24309466. [PMID: 39006447 PMCID: PMC11245051 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.03.24309466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The major anxiety disorders (ANX; including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias ) are highly prevalent, often onset early, persist throughout life, and cause substantial global disability. Although distinct in their clinical presentations, they likely represent differential expressions of a dysregulated threat-response system. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis comprising 122,341 European ancestry ANX cases and 729,881 controls. We identified 58 independent genome-wide significant ANX risk variants and 66 genes with robust biological support. In an independent sample of 1,175,012 self-report ANX cases and 1,956,379 controls, 51 of the 58 associated variants were replicated. As predicted by twin studies, we found substantial genetic correlation between ANX and depression, neuroticism, and other internalizing phenotypes. Follow-up analyses demonstrated enrichment in all major brain regions and highlighted GABAergic signaling as one potential mechanism underlying ANX genetic risk. These results advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ANX and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.
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Xu B, Forthman KL, Kuplicki R, Ahern J, Loughnan R, Naber F, Thompson WK, Nemeroff CB, Paulus MP, Fan CC. Genetic Correlates of Treatment-Resistant Depression: Insights from Polygenic Scores Across Cognitive, Temperamental, and Sleep Traits in the All of US cohort. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.03.24309914. [PMID: 39006419 PMCID: PMC11245070 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.03.24309914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a major challenge in mental health, affecting a significant number of patients and leading to considerable economic and social burdens. The etiological factors contributing to TRD are complex and not fully understood. Objective To investigate the genetic factors associated with TRD using polygenic scores (PGS) across various traits, and to explore their potential role in the etiology of TRD using large-scale genomic data from the All of Us Research Program (AoU). Methods Data from 292,663 participants in the AoU were analyzed using a case-cohort design. Treatment resistant depression (TRD), treatment responsive Major Depressive Disorder (trMDD), and all others who have no formal diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (non-MDD) were identified through diagnostic codes and prescription patterns. Polygenic scores (PGS) for 61 unique traits from seven domains were used and logistic regressions were conducted to assess associations between PGS and TRD. Finally, Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the predictive value of PGS for progression rate from the diagnostic event of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to TRD. Results In the discovery set (104128 non-MDD, 16640 trMDD, and 4177 TRD), 44 of 61 selected PGS were found to be significantly associated with MDD, regardless of treatment responsiveness. Eleven of them were found to have stronger associations with TRD than with trMDD, encompassing PGS from domains in education, cognition, personality, sleep, and temperament. Genetic predisposition for insomnia and specific neuroticism traits were associated with increased TRD risk (OR range from 1.05 to 1.15), while higher education and intelligence scores were protective (ORs 0.88 and 0.91, respectively). These associations are consistent across two other independent sets within AoU (n = 104,388 and 63,330). Among 28,964 individuals tracked over time, 3,854 developed TRD within an average of 944 days (95% CI: 883 ∼ 992 days) after MDD diagnosis. All eleven previously identified and replicated PGS were found to be modulating the conversion rate from MDD to TRD. Thus, those having higher education PGS would experiencing slower conversion rates than those who have lower education PGS with hazard ratios in 0.79 (80 th versus 20 th percentile, 95% CI: 0.74 ∼ 0.85). Those who had higher insomnia PGS experience faster conversion rates than those who had lower insomnia PGS, with hazard ratios in 1.21 (80 th versus 20 th percentile, 95% CI: 1.13 ∼ 1.30). Conclusions Our results indicate that genetic predisposition related to neuroticism, cognitive function, and sleep patterns play a significant role in the development of TRD. These findings underscore the importance of considering genetic and psychosocial factors in managing and treating TRD. Future research should focus on integrating genetic data with clinical outcomes to enhance our understanding of pathways leading to treatment resistance. Key Points Question: What are the predisposing characteristics among individuals who develop treatment-resistant depression (TRD)?Findings: Analysis of data from 292,663 participants in the All of Us Research Program revealed that polygenic scores (PGS) for traits including neuroticism, cognitive function, and sleep patterns were significantly associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and, particularly, with TRD. Among the 61 traits studied, 11 showed stronger associations with TRD compared to treatment responsive MDD, including traits linked to higher education and intelligence which appeared protective, and neuroticism and insomnia which increased risk.Meaning: The findings underscore the importance of considering predisposing factors when managing and treating TRD. They suggest potential intervening pathways through tailored approach with the identified predisposing characteristics, reducing the risk of progression to treatment resistance in depression. Personalized genetic information that measures the underlying predispositions could eventually enhance therapeutic strategies.
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Londero I, da Rocha NS. Personality dimensions, resilience, and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year longitudinal study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 245:104229. [PMID: 38493710 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a significant surge in depression across diverse populations. While a considerable body of research has linked this upswing to lockdowns and restrictive measures, it is crucial to recognize that lockdowns alone cannot fully elucidate the observed increase in mental health disorders, given the vast array of individual psychological responses. OBJECTIVE This study aims to test e whether personality dimensions (Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism) and resilience play a role in shielding individuals from developing depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, as observed in a sample of Brazilian adults. METHODS This research employed a one-year longitudinal naturalistic study involving the general population. It utilized a web-based questionnaire administered in three waves during the COVID-19 pandemic: April 2020, September 2020, and May 2021. The research protocol contains the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 - PHQ-9, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale - CD-RISC, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated - EPQR-A. RESULTS Our study encompassed 455 participants, of which 35.6 % met the criteria for depression in the first wave, and this figure decreased to 18.5 % in the second and third waves (p = 0.001). Resilience levels in the non-depressed group (consistently exhibited higher means across all three waves when compared to the depressed group (first wave: x¯= 27.98; second wave: x¯= 37.26; third wave: x¯= 36.67; p = 0.001). Furthermore, resilience exhibited an overall protective effect against depression in all waves (PR = 0.93, p = 0.000). Neuroticism and Psychoticism emerged as predictors of depression across all waves (PR = 1.346; p = 0.0001 and PR = 1.157; p = 0.030), while the Extroversion dimension showed no significant effect. CONCLUSION The decline in depression rates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced by levels of resilience, which acted as a protective factor against the development of depressive symptoms. Notably, Neuroticism and Psychoticism predicted the risk of developing depressive symptoms. Implications for practical intervention in future crisis scenarios suggest the need for public health policy programs featuring personalized interventions that prioritize enhancing resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Londero
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; I-QOL Innovations and Interventions for Quality-of-Life Research Group, Brazil
| | - Neusa Sica da Rocha
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; I-QOL Innovations and Interventions for Quality-of-Life Research Group, Brazil; Center of Clinical Research, Center of Experimental Research, and Psychiatric Service Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Hu Q, Chen J, Ma J, Li Y, Xu Y, Yue C, Cong E. Causal effects of neuroticism on postpartum depression: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024:10.1007/s00737-024-01466-w. [PMID: 38634868 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postpartum depression (PPD) brings adverse and serious consequences to both new parents and newborns. Neuroticism affects PPD, which remains controversial for confounding factors and reverse causality in cross-sectional research. Therefore, mendelian randomization (MR) study has been adopted to investigate their causal relationship. METHODS This study utilized large-scale genome-wide association study genetic pooled data from three major databases: the United Kingdom Biobank, the European Bioinformatics Institute, and the FinnGen databases. The causal analysis methods used inverse variance weighting (IVW). The weighted median, MR-Egger method, MR-PRESSO test, and the leave-one-out sensitivity test have been used to examine the results' robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy. The fixed effect model yielded the results of meta-analysis. RESULTS In the IVW model, a meta-analysis of the MR study showed that neuroticism increased the risk of PPD (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11-1.25, p < 0.01). Reverse analysis showed that PPD could not genetically predict neuroticism. There was no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy bias in this result. CONCLUSION Our study suggests neuroticism is the risk factor for PPD from a gene perspective and PPD is not the risk factor for neuroticism. This finding may provide new insights into prevention and intervention strategies for PPD according to early detection of neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Hu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Chaoyan Yue
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Fang Xie Road, No419, Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Enzhao Cong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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Lahey BB. Using Dispositions to Understand Otherwise Intractable Causal Pathways to Psychological Problems During Childhood and Adolescence. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2024; 53:328-341. [PMID: 38109688 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2292050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the genetic and environmental factors that make children more or less likely to develop distressing and impairing psychological problems, and studies of the psychobiological pathways through which these causal factors operate, have the goal of improving our understanding of the basic nature of psychological problems to develop better methods of prevention and treatment. For this reason, we have long had our eye on the prize of discovering the causes and psychobiological mechanisms underlying each dimension of psychological problems. There are compelling reasons, however, to seek a different and more achievable prize to understand psychological problems. Dimensions of psychological problems are both far too heterogeneous and too highly correlated to line up with distinct causal pathways. In contrast, a small number of orthogonal cognitive and socioemotional dispositional dimensions are correlated with psychological problems in revealing cross-cutting patterns. Each of these dispositions shares its independent causal pathways with psychological problems and help us understand the complex shared and heterogeneous nature of their causal processes. I outline a strategy for understanding the causes and mechanisms of psychological problems using studies of independently measured dispositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Lahey
- Department of Public Health Studies (MC2000), University of Chicago
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Paton MW, Kalemtzaki E, Stoewen D, Hameedunisha T, Yang H, Donlin J, Endenburg N. WSAVA professional wellness guidelines. J Small Anim Pract 2024; 65:153-175. [PMID: 38179606 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M W Paton
- 31 Clipson Crescent, Mundaring, WA, 6073, Australia
| | | | - D Stoewen
- Independent Wellness Consultant, Ayr, ON, N0B 1E0, Canada
| | - T Hameedunisha
- Caspers Healing Paws, Neuro Rehabilitation Service, 3rd cross, HBR layout, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - H Yang
- Unusual Pet Vets, Osborne Park, WA, 6017, Australia
| | - J Donlin
- 1931 N. Meacham Road, Schaumburg, IL, 60173, USA
| | - N Endenburg
- One Welfare Group, Section Animals in Science and Society, and Animal Behaviour Clinic, Department Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ronat L, Rönnlund M, Adolfsson R, Hanganu A, Pudas S. Revised Temperament and Character Inventory factors predict neuropsychiatric symptoms and aging-related cognitive decline across 25 years. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1335336. [PMID: 38450380 PMCID: PMC10915205 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1335336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Personality traits and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as neuroticism and depression share genetic overlap and have both been identified as risks factors for development of aging-related neurocognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to examine revised personality factors derived from the Temperament and Character Inventory, previously shown to be associated with psychiatric disorders, as predictors of neuropsychiatric, cognitive, and brain trajectories of participants from a population-based aging study. Methods Mixed-effect linear regression analyses were conducted on data for the full sample (Nmax = 1,286), and a healthy subsample not converting to AD-dementia during 25-year follow-up (Nmax = 1,145), complemented with Cox proportional regression models to determine risk factors for conversion to clinical AD. Results Two personality factors, Closeness to Experience (CE: avoidance of new stimuli, high anxiety, pessimistic anticipation, low reward seeking) and Tendence to Liabilities (TL: inability to change, low autonomy, unaware of the value of their existence) were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, stress (CE), sleep disturbance (TL), as well as greater decline in memory, vocabulary and verbal fluency in the full sample. Higher CE was additionally associated with greater memory decline across 25 years in the healthy subsample, and faster right hippocampal volume reduction across 8 years in a neuroimaging subsample (N = 216). Most, but not all, personality-cognition associations persisted after controlling for diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Concerning risks for conversion to AD, higher age, and APOE-ε4, but none of the personality measures, were significant predictors. Conclusion The results indicate that personality traits associated with psychiatric symptoms predict accelerated age-related neurocognitive declines even in the absence of neurodegenerative disease. The attenuation of some personality effects on cognition after adjustment for health indicators suggests that those effects may be partly mediated by somatic health. Taken together, the results further emphasize the importance of personality traits in neurocognitive aging and underscore the need for an integrative (biopsychosocial) perspective of normal and pathological age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ronat
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Neuroimaging of Emotions Lab, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Rolf Adolfsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexandru Hanganu
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Neuroimaging of Emotions Lab, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Pudas
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Mohammad S, Miguet M, Rukh G, Schiöth HB, Mwinyi J. Job satisfaction and job tenure of people with mental health disorders: a UK Biobank cohort study. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51:1248-1257. [PMID: 36016477 PMCID: PMC10642223 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221119639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Job satisfaction plays an important role for the life quality and health of working individuals. While studies have shown that self-reported mental health conditions such as stress, anxiety and depression are associated with job satisfaction, a large population-based study exploring and comparing self-reported physician posed diagnosed conditions and their association with job satisfaction and job tenure is missing. This study addresses the gap along with exploring the impact of the neurotic personality trait and other possible contributing factors. METHODS Sixteen mental health disorders diagnosed by physicians, categorised into four major groups were investigated in relation to employment status (108,711 participants) and in relation to job satisfaction and job tenure (34,808 participants). Analyses were performed using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, townsend deprivation index, body mass index, education, physical activity, work hours and neuroticism. RESULTS Neurotic and stress disorders, eating disorders and other mental health disorders were strongly associated with lower job satisfaction and shorter job tenure in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Neuroticism was strongly linked to job satisfaction but was not associated with job tenure. CONCLUSIONS Study findings clarify the complex relationship of mental health with job satisfaction and job tenure, which is very important to understand in designing measures to improve working life participation of individuals with mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maud Miguet
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Gull Rukh
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Dimou K, Dragioti E, Tsitsas G, Mantzoukas S, Gouva M. Association of Personality Traits and Self-Care Behaviors in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e50714. [PMID: 38234931 PMCID: PMC10792707 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes self-care is critical for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and exploring the impact of personality traits on this domain remains pivotal. This study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits and various dimensions of self-care in people with T2DM. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA)-guided systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Twenty-three studies, that met our inclusion criteria, revealed distinct associations between certain personality traits and various aspects of self-care. Notably, traits such as openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness showed associations with improved foot care compliance (odds ratio (OR) = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.49-4.28; OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.10-3.08; and OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.23-3.48, respectively). Openness was also linked to better overall self-care behaviors (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.17-3.41), while conscientiousness correlated with reduced smoking (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93-0.99), and agreeableness was associated with improved medication adherence (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.34-2.31). Conversely, traits like extraversion and neuroticism showed associations with decreased medication adherence (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61-0.96 and OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.40-0.65, respectively), with neuroticism additionally linked to lower overall self-care behaviors (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.55-0.81). This study emphasizes the intricate role of personality traits in shaping self-care practices in individuals with T2DM, underscoring the significance of factoring these traits into tailoring and improving diabetes self-care strategies. Nevertheless, establishing definitive causal relationships mandates further in-depth longitudinal investigations and broader meta-analyses to achieve a more conclusive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Dimou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Georgios Tsitsas
- Department of Economy and Sustainable Development, Harokopio University, Athens, GRC
| | - Stefanos Mantzoukas
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
| | - Mary Gouva
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GRC
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13
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Du X, Liu X, Zhao Y, Wang S. Psychometric testing of the 10-item perceived stress scale for Chinese nurses. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:430. [PMID: 37964241 PMCID: PMC10647153 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses bear a lot of stressors at work. The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely used self-reported scale for measuring the global perception of stress. However, there is a lack of use of the PSS-10 in Chinese nurses. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the PSS-10 among Chinese nurses. METHODS A total of 708 Chinese nurses completed the PSS-10, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested the factor structure of the PSS-10. Cronbach's α and test-retest correlation examined the scale reliability. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses tested the convergent, discriminant and criterion validity of the PSS-10. RESULTS CFA revealed that a two-factor model fits the structure of the PSS-10 in Chinese nurses (χ2/df = 6.25, p < 0.001; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.94, non-normal fit index [NNFI] = 0.92, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.91, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.08, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.05). The scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency (α = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity with relations to Big Five personalities, as well as good criterion validity such that the PSS-10 score could explain incremental variance in predicting anxiety, depression and stress. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PSS-10 is a reliable and valid measure of perceived stress among Chinese nurses and can be used in future research and practice on stress management and coping in Chinese nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Du
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Dahl AA, Smedsland SK, Vandraas KF, Bøhn SK, Falk RS, Kiserud CE, Reinertsen KV. High neuroticism is associated with common late adverse effects in a nationwide sample of long-term breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:97-104. [PMID: 37528264 PMCID: PMC10504095 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuroticism is a basic personality trait characterized by negative emotions triggered by stress such as a breast cancer diagnosis and its treatment. Due to lack of relevant research, the purpose of this study was to examine if high neuroticism is associated with seven common late adverse effects (LAEs) in long-term (≥ 5 years) breast cancer survivors (BCSs). METHODS All female Norwegian BCSs aged 20-65 years when diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer in 2011 or 2012 were invited to a questionnaire study in 2019 (N = 2803), of whom 48% participated (N = 1355). Neuroticism was self-rated using the abridged version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and scores dichotomized into high and low neuroticism. LAEs were defined by categorization of ratings on the EORTC QLQ-C30 (cognitive function, pain, and sleep problems) and QLQ-BR23 (arm problems) questionnaires, and categorizations of scale scores on mental distress, fatigue, and neuropathy. Associations between high neuroticism and LAEs were explored using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS High neuroticism was found in 40% (95%CI 37-42%) of BCSs. All LAEs were significantly more common among BCSs with high compared to low neuroticism. In multivariable analyses, high neuroticism was positively associated with all LAEs except neuropathy. Systemic treatment, somatic comorbidity, and not being in paid work were also significantly associated with all LAEs. CONCLUSIONS High neuroticism is prevalent and associated with increased risks of LAEs among BCSs. Identification of high neuroticism could improve the follow-up care of BCSs as effective interventions for the condition exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alv A Dahl
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Solveig K Smedsland
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kathrine F Vandraas
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Synne K Bøhn
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild S Falk
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie E Kiserud
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin V Reinertsen
- National Advisory Unit for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Zhang L, Zhu W, Wu B. Determinants of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in China: A Structural Equation Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4197-4208. [PMID: 37868652 PMCID: PMC10590068 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s428892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine how personality traits, social support and clinical features including pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, and fatigue influence on depressive symptoms in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods This study was conducted from November, 2022 to June, 2023 among Chinese RA patients. Pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, fatigue, social support, personality traits, and depressive symptoms were assessed. The following relationships among three hypotheses were analyzed by structural equation model (SEM): H1: clinical features have a direct effect on depressive symptoms; H2: personality traits might work as a mediator between clinical features and depression; H3: social support is related to depressive symptoms, being a direct effect or an indirect effect through clinical features or personality traits. Results The final model including 326 RA patients presented a good fit (χ2=103, χ2/df=1.69; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.93; CFI=0.97; TLI=0.96; RMSEA=0.046). Clinical features had a total effect of 0.59 on depressive symptoms, of which β=0.33 (P=0.013) was an indirect effect through personality traits, indicating a mediating influence between this relationship; moreover, there was a significant direct association between clinical features and depressive symptoms (β=0.26; P=0.022). Personality traits (β=-0.65; P<0.001) had a much stronger relation with depressive symptoms than with clinical features. Social support had a total effect of 0.81 on personality traits, being a direct effect of β=0.52 (P<0.001) and an indirect effect of β=0.29 (P<0.001) through clinical features. The final proposed model explained 77% of the variance of depressive symptoms. Conclusion Personality traits had a considerable influence upon depressive symptoms, while social support seemed to have a major effect on personality traits. It is necessary to apply comprehensive assessment and interventions of patients' personality traits, clinical features, as well as social support, which could optimize their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beiwen Wu
- Department of Nursing, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Bögemann SA, Puhlmann LMC, Wackerhagen C, Zerban M, Riepenhausen A, Köber G, Yuen KSL, Pooseh S, Marciniak MA, Reppmann Z, Uściƚko A, Weermeijer J, Lenferink DB, Mituniewicz J, Robak N, Donner NC, Mestdagh M, Verdonck S, van Dick R, Kleim B, Lieb K, van Leeuwen JMC, Kobylińska D, Myin-Germeys I, Walter H, Tüscher O, Hermans EJ, Veer IM, Kalisch R. Psychological Resilience Factors and Their Association With Weekly Stressor Reactivity During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Europe: Prospective Longitudinal Study. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e46518. [PMID: 37847551 PMCID: PMC10618882 DOI: 10.2196/46518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional relationships between psychosocial resilience factors (RFs) and resilience, operationalized as the outcome of low mental health reactivity to stressor exposure (low "stressor reactivity" [SR]), were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. OBJECTIVE Extending these findings, we here examined prospective relationships and weekly dynamics between the same RFs and SR in a longitudinal sample during the aftermath of the first wave in several European countries. METHODS Over 5 weeks of app-based assessments, participants reported weekly stressor exposure, mental health problems, RFs, and demographic data in 1 of 6 different languages. As (partly) preregistered, hypotheses were tested cross-sectionally at baseline (N=558), and longitudinally (n=200), using mixed effects models and mediation analyses. RESULTS RFs at baseline, including positive appraisal style (PAS), optimism (OPT), general self-efficacy (GSE), perceived good stress recovery (REC), and perceived social support (PSS), were negatively associated with SR scores, not only cross-sectionally (baseline SR scores; all P<.001) but also prospectively (average SR scores across subsequent weeks; positive appraisal (PA), P=.008; OPT, P<.001; GSE, P=.01; REC, P<.001; and PSS, P=.002). In both associations, PAS mediated the effects of PSS on SR (cross-sectionally: 95% CI -0.064 to -0.013; prospectively: 95% CI -0.074 to -0.0008). In the analyses of weekly RF-SR dynamics, the RFs PA of stressors generally and specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and GSE were negatively associated with SR in a contemporaneous fashion (PA, P<.001; PAC,P=.03; and GSE, P<.001), but not in a lagged fashion (PA, P=.36; PAC, P=.52; and GSE, P=.06). CONCLUSIONS We identified psychological RFs that prospectively predict resilience and cofluctuate with weekly SR within individuals. These prospective results endorse that the previously reported RF-SR associations do not exclusively reflect mood congruency or other temporal bias effects. We further confirm the important role of PA in resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lara M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antje Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth S L Yuen
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shakoor Pooseh
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta A Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zala Reppmann
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jeroen Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dionne B Lenferink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Natalia Robak
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nina C Donner
- Concentris Research Management GmbH, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany
| | - Merijn Mestdagh
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Verdonck
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Judith M C van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Erno J Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilya M Veer
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Singh P, Mishra N. Exploration of a Psychological Defensive Syndrome Against Depressive Symptomatology in a Community Sample of Indian Women. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:2237-2265. [PMID: 35466799 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221092657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of depressive symptomatology in Indian women and the associated treatment gap are alarming and require interventions at a community level. Such interventions may succeed if the specific risk and protective factors are appropriately identified and addressed. Identifying such factors may suggest a Psychological Defensive Syndrome (PDS) against depressive symptomatology, and inculcating this PDS through specific interventions may help individuals manage depressive symptomatology. For evaluating the feasibility of such an idea, a two-phase research project was initiated, and the current paper presents findings of its first phase. The primary aim of the first phase was to explore the predictive relationship between depressive symptomatology and rumination, reappraisal, resilience, self-efficacy, neuroticism, and extraversion. A total of 671 women (Mage = 23.71) responded to standardized questionnaires in a semi-structured interview setting. The obtained data were subjected to correlational, regression, and path analysis. The findings support all the hypotheses; women, who reported less engagement in rumination and more in reappraisal, who scored low on neuroticism and high on extraversion, resilience and self-efficacy, showed less severe depressive symptoms than their counterparts. This pattern can be thought of as a PDS against depressive symptoms in Indian women. These results highlight the importance of addressing these factors in preventing and assuaging depressive symptomatology in Indian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parwinder Singh
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India
| | - Navneet Mishra
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India
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18
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Park H, Forthman KL, Kuplicki R, Victor TA, Yeh HW, Thompson WK, Howlett JR, Guinjoan S, Paulus MP. Polygenic risk for neuroticism is associated with less efficient control in more difficult situations. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 335:111716. [PMID: 37717543 PMCID: PMC10841151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is a heritable trait and a risk factor for mental health due to its relevance to poor control of negative events. To examine the relationship between genetic propensity for neuroticism and control processing, we used the polygenic risk score (PRS) approach and a stop signal task during fMRI. We hypothesized that genetic propensity for neuroticism may moderate control processing as a function of control difficulty. PRSs for neuroticism were computed from a transdiagnostic group of individuals (n=406) who completed the stop signal task. The level of control difficulty was a function of the stop signal asynchrony: shorter asynchrony allows easier stopping whereas longer asynchrony makes stopping difficult. The relationship between PRS for neuroticism and neural activity for controlling responses was examined by the stop signal asynchrony. Although PRS for neuroticism did not relate to the overall inhibitory control, individuals with high PRS for neuroticism showed greater activity in left dorsal prefrontal cortex, middle temporal gyrus, and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex for difficult control. Thus, the genetic propensity for neuroticism affects neural processing in a difficult control context, which may help to explain why individuals with high levels of neuroticism exert poor control of negative events in difficult situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heekyeong Park
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas at Dallas, TX 75241, USA; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA.
| | | | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | | | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | | | - Jonathon R Howlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Salvador Guinjoan
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center at Tulsa, OK 74107, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74119, USA
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19
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Niemeijer M, Reinholt N, Poulsen S, Bach B, Christensen AB, Eskildsen A, Hvenegaard M, Arendt M, Arnfred S. Trait and symptom change in group cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depression. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:1058-1070. [PMID: 37106559 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits underlying both anxiety disorders and depression are more malleable than previously presumed. This study examined associations between changes in personality traits (i.e. negative affectivity and detachment) and alleviation of anxiety and depression symptoms following cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). We hypothesized that decreases in negative affectivity would predict alleviation of depression and anxiety symptoms and decreases in detachment would predict decreases in depression and, to a lesser degree, anxiety symptoms. Data (N = 156) were collected in a randomized controlled trial comparing transdiagnostic and diagnosis-specific group CBT for patients with major depressive disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder or agoraphobia. We assessed personality traits using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and symptoms with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25-item scale (SCL). Prediction was based on regression analyses. We found that decreases in negative affectivity predicted lower levels of depression and anxiety symptoms while decreases in detachment only predicted lower levels of depression symptoms. The findings substantiate current efforts to explicate the dynamic interplay between personality traits and symptoms and support the existing focus on targeting negative affectivity and detachment in therapy for anxiety disorders and depression. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ID NCT02954731).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Niemeijer
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Nina Reinholt
- Research Unit for Psychotherapy & Psychopathology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Psychotherapeutical Clinic, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stig Poulsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Bo Bach
- Research Unit for Psychotherapy & Psychopathology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Center for Personality Disorder Research, Psychiatric Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Anne Bryde Christensen
- Research Unit for Psychotherapy & Psychopathology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anita Eskildsen
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Hvenegaard
- Research Unit for Psychotherapy & Psychopathology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Arendt
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sidse Arnfred
- Research Unit for Psychotherapy & Psychopathology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Taylor CT, Campbell-Sills L, Kessler RC, Sun X, Nock MK, Ursano RJ, Jain S, Stein MB. Social network size and personality traits independently and prospectively predict distress disorders and suicidal behavior in U.S. Army soldiers. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5081-5090. [PMID: 35979895 PMCID: PMC9938080 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality traits (e.g. neuroticism) and the social environment predict risk for internalizing disorders and suicidal behavior. Studying these characteristics together and prospectively within a population confronted with high stressor exposure (e.g. U.S. Army soldiers) has not been done, yet could uncover unique and interactive predictive effects that may inform prevention and early intervention efforts. METHODS Five broad personality traits and social network size were assessed via self-administered questionnaires among experienced soldiers preparing for deployment (N = 4645) and new soldiers reporting for basic training (N = 6216). Predictive models examined associations of baseline personality and social network variables with recent distress disorders or suicidal behaviors assessed 3- and 9-months post-deployment and approximately 5 years following enlistment. RESULTS Among the personality traits, elevated neuroticism was consistently associated with increased mental health risk following deployment. Small social networks were also associated with increased mental health risk following deployment, beyond the variance accounted for by personality. Limited support was found for social network size moderating the association between personality and mental health outcomes. Small social networks also predicted distress disorders and suicidal behavior 5 years following enlistment, whereas unique effects of personality traits on these more distal outcomes were rare. CONCLUSIONS Heightened neuroticism and small social networks predict a greater risk for negative mental health sequelae, especially following deployment. Social ties may mitigate adverse impacts of personality traits on psychopathology in some contexts. Early identification and targeted intervention for these distinct, modifiable factors may decrease the risk of distress disorders and suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T. Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Ronald C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew K. Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert J. Ursano
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Jain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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21
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Coxon C, Hepsomali P, Brandt K, Vauzour D, Costabile A. Personality, dietary identity, mental and sleep health in vegans and vegetarians: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1525. [PMID: 37621383 PMCID: PMC10444972 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Plant-based diets have gained popularity over the past decade. However, research regarding mental and sleep health benefits of following plant-based diets are conflicting. As there are associations between mental/sleep health and various personality traits, and personality may differ between individuals who follow different diets, in this preliminary study, we examined the associations between mental and sleep health and (i) personality and (ii) dietary identity in individuals who follow vegan and vegetarian diets. Methods Cross-sectional data on sociodemographic, personality traits, dietarian identity, overall mental health, depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality were collected from 57 vegan/vegetarian participants between the ages of 18-40. Results After controlling for various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, linear regression models revealed that (i) higher dietarian private regard was a significant predictor of better overall mental health, (ii) lower levels of extraversion and higher levels of empathy predicted depression, (iii) higher levels of neuroticism and empathy predicted anxiety, (iv) higher levels of neuroticism, dietarian centrality, and neuroticism × centrality predicted stress, (v) higher levels of conscientiousness, lower levels of dietarian centrality, but higher levels of personal motivation and dietary strictness, as well as conscientiousness × centrality, conscientiousness × personal motivation, and conscientiousness × strictness predicted better sleep quality. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that not only personality traits, but also dietary identity was indeed related to mental and sleep health in individuals who follow plant-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Brandt
- School of PsychologyUniversity of RoehamptonLondonUK
| | - David Vauzour
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive MedicineNorwich Medical School, University of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Adele Costabile
- School of Life and Health SciencesUniversity of RoehamptonLondonUK
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22
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Kalywis AL, Samuel R, Scholtes F, Reuter G, Stienen MN, Seifritz E, Surbeck W. Distribution of Psychological Instability Among Surgeons. World Neurosurg 2023; 175:e531-e541. [PMID: 37028482 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High emotional instability (i.e., neuroticism) is associated with poor mental health. Conversely, traumatic experiences may increase neuroticism. Stressful experiences such as complications are common in the surgical profession, with neurosurgeons being particularly affected. We compared the personality trait neuroticism between physicians in a prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS We used an online survey using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, an internationally validated measure of the 5-factor model of personality dimensions. It was distributed to board-certified physicians, residents, and medical students in several European countries and Canada (n = 5148). Multivariate linear regression was used to model differences between surgeons, nonsurgeons, and specialties with occasional surgical interventions with respect to neuroticism, adjusting for sex, age, age squared, and their interactions, then testing equality of parameters of adjusted predictions separately and jointly using Wald tests. RESULTS With an expected variability within disciplines, average levels of neuroticism are lower in surgeons than nonsurgeons, especially in the first part of their career. However, the course of neuroticism across age follows a quadratic pattern, that is, an increase after the initial decrease. The acceleration of neuroticism with age is specifically significant in surgeons. Levels of neuroticism are lowest towards mid-career, but exhibit a strong secondary increase towards the end of the surgeon's career. This pattern seems driven by neurosurgeons. CONCLUSIONS Despite initially lower levels of neuroticism, surgeons suffer a stronger increase of neuroticism together with age. Because, beyond well-being, neuroticism influences professional performance and health care systems costs, explanatory studies are mandatory to enlighten causes of this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Kalywis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robin Samuel
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Felix Scholtes
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Reuter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Martin N Stienen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Werner Surbeck
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Norman UA, Truijens F, Desmet M, Meganck R. Depressive personality traits and temperament and character personality traits in a clinical sample: Results from regression and network analyses. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 234:103860. [PMID: 36774773 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Personality and psychopathology are highly relevant and easily relatable constructs. The current study investigated the relationships between dependency and self-criticism, sociotropy and autonomy depressive personality traits, and Cloninger's temperament and character personality traits postulated as vulnerability factors for depression, in relation to depressive and general psychopathology symptoms in a clinical sample of 100 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder. The results showed that self-directedness, a character trait of the temperament and character model, was positively associated with dependency, self-criticism, sociotropy, and autonomy. Applying more in-depth analyses with regression models revealed associations between self-directedness and depressive personality styles dependency and sociotropy, and general psychopathology symptoms was a significant clinical indicator in these relationships. Going beyond the regression models, network analysis showed that self-directedness is associated with self-criticism, sociotropy, autonomy, and general psychopathology symptoms. The relationship between self-directedness and sociotropy, self-criticism and autonomy suggests that these depressive personality traits may be attributable to aspects of self-determination, maturity, responsibility, discipline, and self-acceptance. General psychopathology research informed by literature incorporating personality traits has far-reaching implications for understanding individual differences as well as increasing efforts to contribute to the amelioration of disabling psychological disorders like major depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Femke Truijens
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Department of Clinical Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mattias Desmet
- Department of psychoanalysis and clinical consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Reitske Meganck
- Department of psychoanalysis and clinical consulting, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Mu W, Li K, Tian Y, Perlman G, Michelini G, Watson D, Ormel H, Klein DN, Kotov R. Dynamic risk for first onset of depressive disorders in adolescence: does change matter? Psychol Med 2023; 53:2352-2360. [PMID: 34802476 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for depressive disorders (DD) change substantially over time, but the prognostic value of these changes remains unclear. Two basic types of dynamic effects are possible. The 'Risk Escalation hypothesis' posits that worsening of risk levels predicts DD onset above average level of risk factors. Alternatively, the 'Chronic Risk hypothesis' posits that the average level rather than change predicts first-onset DD. METHODS We utilized data from the ADEPT project, a cohort of 496 girls (baseline age 13.5-15.5 years) from the community followed for 3 years. Participants underwent five waves of assessments for risk factors and diagnostic interviews for DD. For illustration purposes, we selected 16 well-established dynamic risk factors for adolescent depression, such as depressive and anxiety symptoms, personality traits, clinical traits, and social risk factors. We conducted Cox regression analyses with time-varying covariates to predict first DD onset. RESULTS Consistently elevated risk factors (i.e. the mean of multiple waves), but not recent escalation, predicted first-onset DD, consistent with the Chronic Risk hypothesis. This hypothesis was supported across all 16 risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Across a range of risk factors, girls who had first-onset DD generally did not experience a sharp increase in risk level shortly before the onset of disorder; rather, for years before onset, they exhibited elevated levels of risk. Our findings suggest that chronicity of risk should be a particular focus in screening high-risk populations to prevent the onset of DDs. In particular, regular monitoring of risk factors in school settings is highly informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Mu
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiqiao Li
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Watson
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Hans Ormel
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel N Klein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Gutiérrez F, Peri JM, Aluja A, Baillés E, Sureda B, Gutiérrez-Zotes A, Vall G, Calvo N, Ferrer M, Cavero M, Mallorquí A, Villamón SE, de Alba AM, Rodríguez MÁR. Differentiating Abnormal, Normal, and Ideal Personality Profiles in Multidimensional Spaces. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract: Current dimensional taxonomies of personality disorder (PD) establish that intense traits do not suffice to diagnose a disorder, and additional constructs reflecting dysfunction are required. However, traits appear able to predict maladaptation by themselves, which might avoid duplications and simplify diagnosis. On the other hand, if trait-based diagnoses are feasible, it is the whole personality profile that should be considered, rather than individual traits. This takes us into multidimensional spaces, which have their own particular – but poorly understood – logic. The present study examines how profile-level differences between normal and disordered subjects can be used for diagnosis. The Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology – Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) were administered to a community and a clinical sample each (total n = 1,925 and 3,543 respectively). Intense traits proved to be common in the general population, so empirically-based thresholds are indispensable not to take as abnormal what is at most unideal. Profile-level parameters such as Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances outperformed individual traits in predicting mental problems and equaled the performance of published measures of dysfunction or severity. Personality profiles can play a more central role in identifying disorders than is currently acknowledged, provided that adequate metrics are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gutiérrez
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anton Aluja
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Baillés
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Spain
| | - Bárbara Sureda
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Vall
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, GSS – Hospital Santa María, Lleida, Spain
| | - Natalia Calvo
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Ferrer
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Myriam Cavero
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aida Mallorquí
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Edo Villamón
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Spain
- Provincial Hospital Consortium, Castellón, Spain
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26
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The association between affective temperaments and insomnia as mediated by satisfaction with life: a cross-sectional study. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.5114/cipp/159454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe primary objectives of this study were to examine whether affective temperaments are associated with satisfac-tion with life; to determine whether satisfaction with life can mediate the relationship between affective tempera-ments and insomnia; and to reaffirm the relationship between affective temperaments and insomnia. We hypothe-sized that affective temperaments were associated directly and indirectly via satisfaction with life with insomnia.Participants and procedureA total of 497 participants aged 18 to 67 years, including 435 women and 62 men, were recruited from the general population via an online recruitment platform. We used the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire to evaluate affective temperaments and the Satisfaction with Life Scale to assess satis-faction with life. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used to assess participants’ level of insomnia symptoms.ResultsDepressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments correlated positively with insomnia symptoms, but hyperthymic temperament correlated negatively with insomnia symptoms. Satisfaction with life correlated negative-ly with insomnia symptoms. Hyperthymic temperament correlated positively with satisfaction with life, but depres-sive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments correlated negatively with satisfaction with life. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that 30% of the variance in insomnia symptoms was attributable to satisfaction with life level and the presence of cyclothymic and anxious temperaments. The mediation analysis suggested a significant indirect effect of cyclothymic and anxious temperaments on insomnia through satisfaction with life as a mediator between affective temperaments and insomnia.ConclusionsCyclothymic and anxious temperaments can influence the symptoms of insomnia directly and indirectly as mediated by satisfaction with life.
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27
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Beekman RAL, Ten Have M, de Graaf R, Kupka RW, Regeer EJ. Course of subthreshold manic symptoms and related risk factors in the general population: A three-year follow-up study. Bipolar Disord 2023; 25:148-157. [PMID: 36515457 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Subthreshold manic symptoms (subM) are a risk factor for the onset and recurrence of bipolar disorder (BD). Individuals with subM may benefit from preventive interventions, however, their development is hampered by a lack of knowledge on subM prevalence and subsequent course. This study examines subM characteristics, course, and risk factors for an unfavourable course. METHODS In a Dutch representative, population-based sample aged 18-64 (N = 4618), we assessed subM, defined as the occurrence of manic core symptoms (elation/irritability), without meeting full DSM-IV criteria for BD I or II in the past 3 years. Comparison groups had either no manic symptoms (noM) or hypomania/mania in the context of BD (mBD) in the past 3 years. Furthermore, we differentiated a mild and moderate type of subM, based on the number of manic symptoms. A subsequent three-year course was assessed prospectively. RESULTS SubM had a three-year prevalence of 4.9%. Its prevalence, characteristics, and course were in between noM and mBD, and there were few differences between mild and moderate subM. Over the 3-year follow-up, 25.0% of individuals with subM had persistent subM and another 6.1% transitioned to mBD. Eleven significant risk factors for this unfavourable course were found. The most important were a history of depression/dysthymia (OR 3.75, p ≤ 0.001), living alone (OR 2.61, p ≤ 0.01) and elevated neuroticism score (OR 1.21, p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the validity and clinical relevance of subM as a BD prodrome. It demonstrates that subM symptoms often persist or increase during follow-up and identifies 11 risk factors that are associated with an unfavourable course.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margreet Ten Have
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ron de Graaf
- Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Trimbos Institute), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph W Kupka
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline J Regeer
- Altrecht Institute for Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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28
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Junça-Silva A. The Black Unicorn Effect: Micro-daily Events and Satisfaction Decrease the COVID-19 Xenophobia, but Only for Those With Low Levels of Neuroticism. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231161278. [PMID: 36853867 PMCID: PMC9978234 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231161278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on the behavioral concordance model and the trait activation theory, this study examined how and when daily micro-events influence COVID-19 xenophobic attitudes. First, we examined the mediating role of satisfaction, and then, tested the moderating role of neuroticism in the mediated relationship. Overall, 340 working adults volunteered to participate in this study. The findings revealed that (1) satisfaction mediated the negative relationship between daily micro-events and xenophobic attitudes and (2) neuroticism moderated this relationship such that xenophobic attitudes increased for neurotic individuals, even when their satisfaction increased. Our findings contribute to understanding the relationship between daily micro-events and COVID-19 xenophobia and provide empirical evidence for the combined effects of personality factors and affective factors on xenophobic attitudes. Furthermore, we evidence the existence of the black unicorn effect, that is, neurotic individuals tend to transpose their neurotic cognitions and emotions to xenophobic attitudes despite the uplifting and satisfying nature of positive events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Junça-Silva
- Instituto
Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Business Research Unit
(BRU-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Tomar
(IPT), Tomar, Portugal
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29
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Hazzard VM, Mason TB, Smith KE, Schaefer LM, Anderson LM, Dodd DR, Crosby RD, Wonderlich SA. Identifying transdiagnostically relevant risk and protective factors for internalizing psychopathology: An umbrella review of longitudinal meta-analyses. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 158:231-244. [PMID: 36603318 PMCID: PMC9898156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Internalizing mental disorders are highly comorbid with one another, and evidence suggests that etiological processes contributing to these disorders often overlap. This systematic umbrella review aimed to synthesize meta-analytic evidence from observational longitudinal studies to provide a comprehensive overview of potentially modifiable risk and protective factors across the depressive, anxiety, and eating disorder psychopathology domains. Six databases were searched from inception to August 2022. Only meta-analyses of longitudinal studies that accounted for baseline psychopathology (either via exclusion of baseline cases or statistical adjustment for baseline symptoms) were included. Methodological quality of meta-analyses was evaluated using the AMSTAR 2, and quality of evidence for each analysis was rated using GRADE. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were conducted in duplicate by independent reviewers. The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020185575). Sixty-one meta-analyses were included, corresponding to 137 meta-analytic estimates for unique risk/protective factor-psychopathology relationships. Most potential risk/protective factors, however, were examined only in relation to depressive psychopathology. Concern over mistakes and self-esteem were the only risk and protective factors, respectively, identified as statistically significant across depressive, anxiety, and eating disorder psychopathology domains. Eight risk factors and four protective factors also emerged as having transdiagnostic relevance across depressive and anxiety domains. Results suggest intervention targets that may be valuable for preventing/treating the spectrum of internalizing psychopathology and reducing comorbidity. However, few factors were identified as transdiagnostically relevant across all three internalizing domains, highlighting the need for more research investigating similar sets of potential risk/protective factors across internalizing domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne M Hazzard
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, United States; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, United States; Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, United States
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, United States
| | | | - Lisa M Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, United States
| | - Dorian R Dodd
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, United States
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, United States
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30
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Chavanne AV, Paillère Martinot ML, Penttilä J, Grimmer Y, Conrod P, Stringaris A, van Noort B, Isensee C, Becker A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot JL, Artiges E. Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:639-646. [PMID: 36481929 PMCID: PMC9908534 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent longitudinal studies in youth have reported MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms during adolescence, a vulnerable period for the onset of anxiety disorders. However, their predictive value has not been established. Individual prediction through machine-learning algorithms might help bridge the gap to clinical relevance. A voting classifier with Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression algorithms was used to evaluate the predictive pertinence of gray matter volumes of interest and psychometric scores in the detection of prospective clinical anxiety. Participants with clinical anxiety at age 18-23 (N = 156) were investigated at age 14 along with healthy controls (N = 424). Shapley values were extracted for in-depth interpretation of feature importance. Prospective prediction of pooled anxiety disorders relied mostly on psychometric features and achieved moderate performance (area under the receiver operating curve = 0.68), while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) prediction achieved similar performance. MRI regional volumes did not improve the prediction performance of prospective pooled anxiety disorders with respect to psychometric features alone, but they improved the prediction performance of GAD, with the caudate and pallidum volumes being among the most contributing features. To conclude, in non-anxious 14 year old adolescents, future clinical anxiety onset 4-8 years later could be individually predicted. Psychometric features such as neuroticism, hopelessness and emotional symptoms were the main contributors to pooled anxiety disorders prediction. Neuroanatomical data, such as caudate and pallidum volume, proved valuable for GAD and should be included in prospective clinical anxiety prediction in adolescents.
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Grants
- MRF_MRF-058-0004-RG-DESRI MRF
- MR/R00465X/1 Medical Research Council
- R01 MH085772 NIMH NIH HHS
- U54 EB020403 NIBIB NIH HHS
- R56 AG058854 NIA NIH HHS
- MR/W002418/1 Medical Research Council
- MR/S020306/1 Medical Research Council
- MRF_MRF-058-0009-RG-DESR-C0759 MRF
- MR/N000390/1 Medical Research Council
- R01 DA049238 NIDA NIH HHS
- This work received support from the following sources: the European Union-funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behaviour in normal brain function and psychopathology) (LSHM-CT- 2007-037286), the Horizon 2020 funded ERC Advanced Grant ‘STRATIFY’ (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) (695313), Human Brain Project (HBP SGA 2, 785907, and HBP SGA 3, 945539), the Medical Research Council Grant 'c-VEDA’ (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) (MR/N000390/1), the National Institute of Health (NIH) (R01DA049238, A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF grants 01GS08152; 01EV0711; Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A, 01EE1406B; Forschungsnetz IMAC- Mind 01GL1745B), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grants SM 80/7-2, SFB 940, TRR 265, NE 1383/14-1), the Medical Research Foundation and Medical Research Council (grants MR/R00465X/1 and MR/S020306/1), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded ENIGMA (grants 5U54EB020403-05 and 1R56AG058854-01). Further support was provided by grants from: - the ANR (ANR-12-SAMA-0004, AAPG2019 - GeBra), the Eranet Neuron (AF12-NEUR0008-01 - WM2NA; and ANR-18-NEUR00002-01 - ADORe), the Fondation de France (00081242), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (DPA20140629802), the Mission Interministérielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA), the Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012, the Fondation de l’Avenir (grant AP-RM-17-013), the Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau; the National Institutes of Health, Science Foundation Ireland (16/ERCD/3797), U.S.A. (Axon, Testosterone and Mental Health during Adolescence; RO1 MH085772-01A1), and by NIH Consortium grant U54 EB020403, supported by a cross-NIH alliance that funds Big Data to Knowledge Centres of Excellence. The INSERM, and the Strasbourg University and SATT CONECTUS, provided sponsorship (PI: Jean-Luc Martinot).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice V Chavanne
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales Psychiatrie", Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Laure Paillère Martinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales Psychiatrie", Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- Department of Social and Health Care, Psychosocial Services Adolescent Outpatient Clinic Kauppakatu 14, Lahti, Finland
| | - Yvonne Grimmer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Betteke van Noort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus CharitéMitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinna Isensee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Population Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University Shanghai and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales Psychiatrie", Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Eric Artiges
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Trajectoires développementales Psychiatrie", Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Psychiatry, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
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Goldstein BL, Finsaas MC, Olino TM, Kotov R, Grasso DJ, Klein DN. Three-variable systems: An integrative moderation and mediation framework for developmental psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:12-23. [PMID: 34158142 PMCID: PMC9990490 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we consider an often overlooked model that combines mediation and moderation to explain how a third variable can relate to a risk factor-psychopathology relationship. We refer to it as moderation and mediation in a three-variable system. We describe how this model is relevant to studying vulnerability factors and how it may advance developmental psychopathology research. To illustrate the value of this approach, we provide several examples where this model may be applicable, such as the relationships among parental externalizing pathology, harsh parenting, and offspring psychopathology as well as between neuroticism, stressful life events, and depression. We discuss possible reasons why this model has not gained traction and attempt to clarify and dispel those concerns. We provide guidance and recommendations for when to consider this model for a given data set and point toward existing resources for testing this model that have been developed by statisticians and other methodologists. Lastly, we describe important caveats, limitations, and considerations for making this approach most useful for developmental research. Overall, our goal in presenting this information to developmental psychopathology researchers is to encourage testing moderation and mediation in a three-variable system with the aim of advancing analytic strategies for studying vulnerability factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Megan C. Finsaas
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas M. Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Damion J. Grasso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daniel N. Klein
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Zhang X, Yang L, Wang W, Yang L. Psychological distress, emotion regulation, neuroticism, and sexual relationship on patients with temporary ejaculation failure in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatment. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1090244. [PMID: 36687954 PMCID: PMC9853009 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1090244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Temporary ejaculation failure on the oocyte retrieval day might leading interruption of the oocyte retrieval procedure. The present study aims to understand the psychosocial factor that affects men with temporary ejaculation failure (TEF) in Vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients, and thus provide new ideas for optimal clinical treatment. Study design In a prospective study, the male patients during IVF treatment in a reproductive center of a tertiary hospital in Shandong were divided into two groups, 70 men with TEF and 79 normal controls. General population sociology and clinical disease were investigated, and the Kessler 10 scale, emotion regulation questionnaire, big five inventory questionnaire, and sex subscale of marriage quality were used to assess the psychological distress, emotion regulation, neuroticism, and satisfaction with sexual life. Results The scores of perceived distress and neuroticism of the TEF group were higher than the non-TEF group (p < 0.001), and cognitive reappraisal and sexual relationship were significantly lower than those in the non-TEF group (p < 0.001). Psychological distress (OR 1.130, p = 0.031) and neuroticism (OR 1.096, p = 0.050) were risk factors for TEF, while cognitive reappraisal (OR 0.883, p = 0.004) and sexual relationship (OR 0.712, p < 0.001) was protective factors. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that psychosocial factors influence TEF in IVF-ET patients, which provides the basis for the prevention of the occurrence of TEF in a male undergoing IVF-ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lexia Yang
- Nursing Department, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Wei Wang, ✉
| | - Lejin Yang
- Department of Psychology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,Lejin Yang, ✉
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Villano WJ, Kraus NI, Reneau TR, Jaso BA, Otto AR, Heller AS. Individual differences in naturalistic learning link negative emotionality to the development of anxiety. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd2976. [PMID: 36598977 PMCID: PMC9812386 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organisms learn from prediction errors (PEs) to predict the future. Laboratory studies using small financial outcomes find that humans use PEs to update expectations and link individual differences in PE-based learning to internalizing disorders. Because of the low-stakes outcomes in most tasks, it is unclear whether PE learning emerges in naturalistic, high-stakes contexts and whether individual differences in PE learning predict psychopathology risk. Using experience sampling to assess 625 college students' expected exam grades, we found evidence of PE-based learning and a general tendency to discount negative PEs, an "optimism bias." However, individuals with elevated negative emotionality, a personality trait linked to the development of anxiety disorders, displayed a global pessimism and learning differences that impeded accurate expectations and predicted future anxiety symptoms. A sensitivity to PEs combined with an aversion to negative PEs may result in a pessimistic and inaccurate model of the world, leading to anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noah I. Kraus
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Travis R. Reneau
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brittany A. Jaso
- Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A. Ross Otto
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Aaron S. Heller
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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34
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Jungmann F, Ziegelmayer S, Lohoefer FK, Metz S, Müller-Leisse C, Englmaier M, Makowski MR, Kaissis GA, Braren RF. Algorithmic transparency and interpretability measures improve radiologists' performance in BI-RADS 4 classification. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:1844-1851. [PMID: 36282311 PMCID: PMC9935738 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the perception of different types of AI-based assistance and the interaction of radiologists with the algorithm's predictions and certainty measures. METHODS In this retrospective observer study, four radiologists were asked to classify Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System 4 (BI-RADS4) lesions (n = 101 benign, n = 99 malignant). The effect of different types of AI-based assistance (occlusion-based interpretability map, classification, and certainty) on the radiologists' performance (sensitivity, specificity, questionnaire) were measured. The influence of the Big Five personality traits was analyzed using the Pearson correlation. RESULTS Diagnostic accuracy was significantly improved by AI-based assistance (an increase of 2.8% ± 2.3%, 95 %-CI 1.5 to 4.0 %, p = 0.045) and trust in the algorithm was generated primarily by the certainty of the prediction (100% of participants). Different human-AI interactions were observed ranging from nearly no interaction to humanization of the algorithm. High scores in neuroticism were correlated with higher persuasibility (Pearson's r = 0.98, p = 0.02), while higher consciousness and change of accuracy showed an inverse correlation (Pearson's r = -0.96, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Trust in the algorithm's performance was mostly dependent on the certainty of the predictions in combination with a plausible heatmap. Human-AI interaction varied widely and was influenced by personality traits. KEY POINTS • AI-based assistance significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of radiologists in classifying BI-RADS 4 mammography lesions. • Trust in the algorithm's performance was mostly dependent on the certainty of the prediction in combination with a reasonable heatmap. • Personality traits seem to influence human-AI collaboration. Radiologists with specific personality traits were more likely to change their classification according to the algorithm's prediction than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Jungmann
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ziegelmayer
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian K. Lohoefer
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Metz
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Müller-Leisse
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Englmaier
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus R. Makowski
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Georgios A. Kaissis
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2AZ UK ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Healthcare, School of Medicine and Faculty of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Rickmer F. Braren
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Munich, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Rajkumar RP. Comorbid depression and anxiety: Integration of insights from attachment theory and cognitive neuroscience, and their implications for research and treatment. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1104928. [PMID: 36620859 PMCID: PMC9811005 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Karlsen HR, Langvik E. Sex-specific psychological risk profiles of CVD in the HUNT study: the role of neuroticism and extraversion. Psychol Health 2022:1-19. [PMID: 36404707 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2146113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate psychological risk profiles of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Depression and anxiety have been linked to CVD, but research has not incorporated personality and sex-specific analyses are warranted. In this study, we examine the role of sex, neuroticism, extraversion, anxiety and depression on the risk of CVD. METHOD Using data from the HUNT-study and the mortality register, 32,383 (57.10% men) participants were followed for an average of 10.48 years. During this time, 142 died of myocardial infarction (MI) and 111 of stroke. RESULTS Cox regression showed that depression (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = [1.00, 1.14]) and neuroticism (1.23 [1.08, 1.40]) were significantly related to an increased risk of MI. One standard unit increase in depression and neuroticism was associated with 1.22 [CI 1.01, 1.47] increase and 1.43 [CI 1.14, 0.78] increase in the risk of MI respectively. For stroke, there was no significant effect of anxiety, depression or personality. However, we found a significant interaction effect between sex and extraversion where higher extraversion was associated with greater risk of stroke for women only. CONCLUSIONS Both neuroticism and depression were related to MI. We observed an interaction between extraversion and sex with stroke, but the effect size was small. The role of extroversion as a risk factor for CVD remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard R Karlsen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eva Langvik
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Zhao H, Shi H, Ren Z, He M, Li X, Li Y, Pu Y, Cui L, Wang S, Zhao J, Liu H, Zhang X. Gender and age differences in the associations between personality traits and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: Based on China Family Panel Study. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e5482-e5494. [PMID: 35993911 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the associations between personality traits and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults and analyse the gender and age differences in the associations. A national representative sample of 28,628 adults aged 18 and above were selected from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data. The short version of the Big Five Inventory (CBF-PI-15) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D 8) were used to measure personality traits and depressive symptoms respectively. Binary logistic regression models were employed to analyse the associations between personality traits and depressive symptoms in the whole participants, different age groups and genders respectively. After adjustment, higher levels of conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness were related to lower level of depressive symptoms, while higher levels of openness and neuroticism were related to higher level of depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). A significant interaction between gender and conscientiousness on depressive symptoms was found (interaction p = 0.005), and the association between conscientiousness and depressive symptoms was stronger in males than females (p < 0.001). Significant interactions between age and conscientiousness (interaction p = 0.007), agreeableness (interaction p = 0.001) on depressive symptoms were found respectively. Moreover, the associations of conscientiousness and agreeableness with depressive symptoms were strongest among old group, followed by middle-aged group, and then young group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness had negative associations with depressive symptoms, while openness and neuroticism had positive associations with depressive symptoms. The negative association between conscientiousness and depressive symptoms was stronger among males than females, and the negative associations of conscientiousness and agreeableness with depressive symptoms were strongest among old group, followed by middle-aged group, and then young group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minfu He
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajiao Pu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shixun Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jieyu Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Palamar SP, Gruzieva TS, Nezhyva LL, Yelenskyi VY, Rudenko NM, Khomik MM, Savchenko YY. STUDY OF NEUROTICISM AND EXTRAVERSION AS PREDICTORS OF THE SYNDROME OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT (EBS) IN STUDENTS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:2624-2630. [PMID: 36591744 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202211113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To investigate internal factors - neuroticism and extroversion, which can be predictors of emotional burnout syndrome and their prevalence among student youth. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Used a complex of methods: theoretical - theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization; sociological method of questioning; empirical: observation, testing-Eysenck's methods for assessing the impact of neuroticism and externality; statistical. The object of the research is the process of influence of personal characteristics (individual factors) on the development and spread of EBS among students. Subject - personal characteristics (individual factors) of students - extraversion and neuroticism. The number of respondents was 610 students. RESULTS Results: A study of the personal characteristics of neuroticism and extraversion, which can be predictors in the genesis of EBS, was conducted. It has been established that several negative internal factors influence students. The significant prevalence of internal risk factors of EBS indicates the need for a comprehensive approach to its prevention and the need for the development and application of modern adequate methods, forms, and methods of prevention. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The presence and influence of internal factors on the development of EBS have been theoretically proven. It has been established that there is a significant propagation of personal characteristics that may have signs of negative internal factors. The need for preventive measures for the development of EBS among students has been revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Viktor Y Yelenskyi
- STATE INSTITUTION OF SCIENCE «RESEARCH AND PRACTICAL CENTER OF PREVENTIVE AND CLINICAL MEDICINE» STATE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | | | - Mykola M Khomik
- THE NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE NAMED AFTER IVAN CHERNIAKHOVSKYI, KYIV, UKRAINE
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Oniszczenko W, Oszast M. Strength of excitation and insomnia as mediated by mood dimensions. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 11:58-64. [PMID: 38013831 PMCID: PMC10654329 DOI: 10.5114/cipp/151671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main goal of our study was to demonstrate the relationship between the strength of excitation (SE) as one of the basic central nervous system (CNS) properties and insomnia, and to determine the role of the mood components as mediators of this relationship. We hypothesized that SE directly and indirectly via arousal-related mood dimensions may be related to insomnia. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The study involved 149 people, 85 women and 64 men, aged 18 to 60 (M = 30.11, SD = 11.43) selected from the general population using snowball sampling. The basic properties of the CNS were diagnosed using Pavlovian Temperament Survey. Mood was assessed using the Polish adaptation of UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist. To evaluate insomnia symptoms Athens Insomnia Scale in its Polish adaptation was used. RESULTS SE negatively correlated with insomnia (no significant correlations between strength of inhibition and mobility and insomnia). All CNS properties positively correlated with hedonic tone (HT) and energetic arousal (EA), and negatively with tense arousal (TA) as mood dimensions. HT and EA were negatively correlated with insomnia but TA positively correlated with insomnia. Both EA and TA served as mediators in the relationship between SE and insomnia. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated the relationship between SE and insomnia as well as between SE and EA and TA as mood dimensions related to arousal. Mediation analysis suggests that both EA and TA may serve as mediators of the relationship between SE and insomnia. However, the results of the mediation analysis require careful interpretation.
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Olino TM, Finsaas MC, Dyson MW, Carlson GA, Klein DN. A multimethod, multiinformant study of early childhood temperament and depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2022; 131:741-753. [PMID: 35708930 PMCID: PMC9560959 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is an extensive literature documenting associations between dimensions of temperament and depressive and anxiety disorders. However, much of the research in this area relies on cross-sectional and monomethod designs, uses samples of older youth and adults, and examines only the main effects of temperament. We examined longitudinal associations between temperamental positive emotionality (PE) and negative emotionality (NE) in early childhood and depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescence. We assessed temperament using laboratory observations and parent reports, and symptoms using youth and parent report. We also examined potential moderators of these associations, including maternal and paternal history of depressive and anxiety disorders, youth experience of stressful life events, and parenting styles. Early childhood NE was associated with both adolescent depression and anxiety. Additionally, life events and psychological controlling and firm parenting moderated the associations between NE and depression symptoms, and maternal depression, paternal anxiety, and psychological controlling and firm parenting moderated the associations between NE and anxiety symptoms. Interaction effects were largely consistent with diathesis-stress interpretations. These findings show that temperamental NE, but not PE, is prospectively associated with risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescence, and that multiple additional factors potentiate these associations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Vidal-Arenas V, Bravo AJ, Ortet-Walker J, Ortet G, Mezquita L, Ibáñez MI, Cross-cultural Addictions Study Team. Neuroticism, rumination, depression and suicidal ideation: A moderated serial mediation model across four countries. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2022; 22:100325. [PMID: 35950010 PMCID: PMC9343412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objective Research has highlighted the role of neuroticism, rumination, and depression in predicting suicidal thoughts, but studies on how these variables interplay are scarce. The aims of the present study were to test a model in which emotional stability (i.e., low neuroticism) would act as an antecedent and moderator of rumination and depressed mood in the prediction of suicidal ideation (i.e., moderated serial-mediation), and to explore their replicability across four countries and sex, among college students as an at-risk-group for suicide. Method Participants were 3482 undergraduates from U.S, Spain, Argentina, and the Netherlands. Path analysis and multi-group analysis were conducted. Results Emotional stability was indirectly linked to suicidal ideation via rumination and depressed mood. Moreover, emotional stability moderated the associations between rumination and depressed mood, and between depressed mood and suicidal ideation. Findings were consistent in males and females, and across countries studied. Discussion Regardless of sex and country, people with low emotional stability reported higher levels of rumination, which in turn was associated with more depressed mood, and these were associated with higher reports of suicidal thoughts. This cascade of psychological risk factors for suicidal ideation seems to be more harmful in people who endorse low levels of emotional stability.
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High Neuroticism Is Related to More Overall Functional Problems and Lower Function Scores in Men Who Had Surgery for Non-Relapsing Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5823-5832. [PMID: 36005197 PMCID: PMC9406934 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The personality trait of neuroticism is associated with adverse health outcomes after cancer treatment, but few studies concern men treated for prostate cancer. We examined men with high and low neuroticism treated with radical prostatectomy for curable prostate cancer without relapse. We compared overall problems and domain summary scores (DSSs) between these groups, and if high neuroticism at pre-treatment was a significant predictor of overall problems and DSSs at follow-up. A sample of 462 relapse-free Norwegian men self-rated neuroticism, overall problems, and DSSs by the EPIC-26 before surgery and at three years’ follow-up. Twenty-one percent of the sample had high neuroticism. Patients with high neuroticism reported significantly more overall problems and DSSs at pre-treatment. At follow-up, only overall bowel problems and urinary irritation/obstruction and bowel DSSs were different. High neuroticism was a significant predictor of overall bowel problems and bowel and irritation/obstruction DSSs at follow-up. High neuroticism at pre-treatment was significantly associated with a higher rate of overall problems both at pre-treatment and follow-up and had some significant predictions concerning bowel problems and urinary obstruction at follow-up. Screening for neuroticism at pre-treatment could identify patients in need of more counseling concerning later adverse health outcomes.
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Dahl AA, Kiserud CE, Fosså SD, Loge JH, Reinertsen KV, Ruud E, Lie HC. A study of high neuroticism in long-term survivors of childhood, adolescence, and young adult cancers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12325. [PMID: 35853946 PMCID: PMC9296654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroticism is a basic personality trait concerning negative feelings under stressful conditions. Our purpose was to examine the rate of high neuroticism and factors associated with high neuroticism in long-term (≥ 5 years) survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer (CAYACSs). Norwegian CAYACSs aged 0–39 years when diagnosed and treated between 1985 and 2009 for cancer in childhood/adolescence (0–18 years), or as young adults (19–39 years) and alive in 2015 were mailed a questionnaire. Data from 1629 CAYACSs (481 children/adolescents and 1148 young adults) were analyzed. High neuroticism was found in 44% of survivors of childhood/adolescent cancers versus 34% in survivors of young adult cancer (p < 0.001). The rate of high neuroticism in female CAYACSs was 40% and in males 30% (p < 0.001). The corresponding difference between male survivor group was non-significant. In multivariable analysis, young age at survey, more adverse effects, poor self-rated health, female sex, chronic fatigue, and increased depression remained significantly associated with high neuroticism. Cancer treatment, comorbidity, and lifestyle were significant in bivariate analyses. Cancer at earlier age could increase the risk of high neuroticism among adult survivors. Screening for neuroticism could identify CAYACSs at risk for experiencing multiple health concerns and needing special follow-up attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alv A Dahl
- National Resource Center for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cecilie Essholt Kiserud
- National Resource Center for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sophie D Fosså
- National Resource Center for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Håvard Loge
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, 0406, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Valborg Reinertsen
- National Resource Center for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Ruud
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Paediatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0029, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne C Lie
- National Resource Center for Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4953, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, 0406, Oslo, Norway
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Mackin DM, Finsaas MC, Nelson BD, Perlman G, Kotov R, Klein DN. Intergenerational transmission of depressive and anxiety disorders: Mediation via youth personality. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2022; 131:467-478. [PMID: 35653755 PMCID: PMC9292465 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Youth personality is hypothesized to mediate the intergenerational transmission of internalizing disorders. However, this has rarely been examined. We tested whether the intergenerational transmission of depressive and anxiety disorders is mediated by youth neuroticism and extraversion, and how parent personality influenced these relationships. Participants included 550 adolescent girls, aged 13-15 years at baseline (T1), and a coparticipating biological parent. Depressive and anxiety disorders were assessed by interview at T1, and adolescents were reinterviewed every 9 months for 3 years (T2-T5). Parent and youth personality was assessed at T1. Four path models examined direct and indirect effects of parent psychopathology and personality (neuroticism and extraversion) on youth outcomes, with youth neuroticism and extraversion as mediators in separate models. In the model examining the effects of parent psychopathology via T1 youth neuroticism, there were direct effects of parent depression on T2-T5 youth depressive disorders and indirect effects of parent anxiety disorders on T2-T5 youth depressive and anxiety disorders. When parent neuroticism was added, indirect effects of T1 parent anxiety disorders and neuroticism on T2-T5 youth depressive and anxiety disorders via T1 youth neuroticism were significant. In the model examining T1 youth extraversion as a mediator, there were significant direct effects of parent depressive and anxiety disorders on T2-T5 youth depressive and anxiety disorders, respectively. Finally, when adding parent extraversion, indirect effects of parent extraversion on T2-T5 youth depressive and anxiety disorders via youth extraversion were significant. Parent and youth personality play important roles in the intergenerational transmission of depressive and anxiety disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Waszczuk MA, Hopwood CJ, Luft BJ, Morey LC, Perlman G, Ruggero CJ, Skodol AE, Kotov R. The prognostic utility of personality traits versus past psychiatric diagnoses: Predicting future mental health and functioning. Clin Psychol Sci 2022; 10:734-751. [PMID: 35967764 PMCID: PMC9366938 DOI: 10.1177/21677026211056596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Past psychiatric diagnoses are central to patient case formulation and prognosis. Recently, alternative classification models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) proposed to assess traits to predict clinically-relevant outcomes. The current study directly compared personality traits and past diagnoses as predictors of future mental health and functioning in three independent, prospective samples. Regression analyses found that personality traits significantly predicted future first onsets of psychiatric disorders (ΔR2=06-.15), symptom chronicity (ΔR2=.03-.06), and functioning (ΔR2=.02-.07), beyond past and current psychiatric diagnoses. Conversely, past psychiatric diagnoses did not provide an incremental prediction of outcomes when personality traits and other concurrent predictors were already included in the model. Overall, personality traits predicted a variety of outcomes in diverse settings, beyond diagnoses. Past diagnoses were generally not informative about future outcomes when personality was considered. Together, these findings support the added value of personality traits assessment in case formulation, consistent with HiTOP model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Waszczuk
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | | | - Benjamin J Luft
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Leslie C Morey
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | | | | | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Tylee DS, Lee YK, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Levey DF, De Angelis F, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. An Atlas of Genetic Correlations and Genetically Informed Associations Linking Psychiatric and Immune-Related Phenotypes. JAMA Psychiatry 2022; 79:667-676. [PMID: 35507366 PMCID: PMC9069342 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Importance Certain psychiatric and immune-related disorders are reciprocal risk factors. However, the nature of these associations is unclear. Objective To characterize the pleiotropy between psychiatric and immune-related traits, as well as risk factors of hypothesized relevance. Design, Setting, and Participants This genetic association study was conducted from July 10, 2020, to January 15, 2022. Analyses used genome-wide association (GWA) statistics related to 14 psychiatric traits; 13 immune-related phenotypes, ie, allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders; and 15 risk factors related to health-related behaviors, social determinants of health, and stress response. Genetically correlated psychiatric-immune pairs were assessed using 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) with sensitivity analyses and multivariable adjustment for genetic associations of third variables. False discovery rate correction (Q value < .05) was applied for each analysis. Exposures Genetic associations. Main Outcomes and Measures Genetic correlations and MR association estimates with SEs and P values. A data-driven approach was used that did not test a priori planned hypotheses. Results A total of 44 genetically correlated psychiatric-immune pairs were identified, including 31 positive correlations (most consistently involving asthma, Crohn disease, hypothyroidism, and ulcerative colitis) and 13 negative correlations (most consistently involving allergic rhinitis and type 1 diabetes). Correlations with third variables were especially strong for psychiatric phenotypes. MR identified 7 associations of psychiatric phenotypes on immune-related phenotypes that were robust to multivariable adjustment, including the positive association of (1) the psychiatric cross-disorder phenotype with asthma (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06), Crohn disease (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.14), and ulcerative colitis (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05-1.14); (2) major depression with asthma (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13-1.37); (3) schizophrenia with Crohn disease (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18) and ulcerative colitis (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.21); and a negative association of risk tolerance with allergic rhinitis (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92). Conclusions and Relevance Results of this genetic association study suggest that genetic liability for psychiatric disorders was associated with liability for several immune disorders, suggesting that vertical pleiotropy related to behavioral traits (or correlated third variables) contributes to clinical associations observed in population-scale data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Tylee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yu Kyung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Frank R. Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gita A. Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Daniel F. Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Flavio De Angelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Departments of Genetics and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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Changes in temperament traits associated with remission of PTSD symptoms after pharmacology, psychotherapy and combined treatment in a sample of participants in motor vehicle accidents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li Y, Zhuang K, Yi Z, Wei D, Sun J, Qiu J. The trait and state negative affect can be separately predicted by stable and variable resting-state functional connectivity. Psychol Med 2022; 52:813-823. [PMID: 32654675 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many emotional experiences such as anxiety and depression are influenced by negative affect (NA). NA has both trait and state features, which play different roles in physiological and mental health. Attending to NA common to various emotional experiences and their trait-state features might help deepen the understanding of the shared foundation of related emotional disorders. METHODS The principal component of five measures was calculated to indicate individuals' NA level. Applying the connectivity-based correlation analysis, we first identified resting-state functional connectives (FCs) relating to NA in sample 1 (n = 367), which were validated through an independent sample (n = 232; sample 2). Next, based on the variability of FCs across large timescale, we further divided the NA-related FCs into high- and low-variability groups. Finally, FCs in different variability groups were separately applied to predict individuals' neuroticism level (which is assumed to be the core trait-related factor underlying NA), and the change of NA level (which represents the state-related fluctuation of NA). RESULTS The low-variability FCs were primarily within the default mode network (DMN) and between the DMN and dorsal attention network/sensory system and significantly predicted trait rather than state NA. The high-variability FCs were primarily between the DMN and ventral attention network, the fronto-parietal network and DMN/sensory system, and significantly predicted the change of NA level. CONCLUSIONS The trait and state NA can be separately predicted by stable and variable spontaneous FCs with different attentional processes and emotion regulatory mechanisms, which could deepen our understanding of NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zili Yi
- Beibei Mental Health Center, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University
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Associations Between Outcome Resilience and Sociodemographic Factors, Childhood Trauma, Personality Dimensions and Self-Rated Health in Middle-Aged Adults. Int J Behav Med 2022; 29:796-806. [PMID: 35246825 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined how sociodemographic factors, childhood trauma, personality dimensions, and self-rated health were associated with outcome resilience and how different stressors influenced depressive symptoms. METHODS An outcome resilience score for 213 adults was derived by means of a residualization approach. Associations between outcome resilience and sociodemographic and personality factors were evaluated using linear regression. In addition, associations between log-transformed depressive symptoms and the stressors were analyzed using multiple linear regression. A Pearson correlation coefficient between self-rated health and outcome resilience was also computed. RESULTS Higher neuroticism was negatively and higher conscientiousness was positively associated with outcome resilience. Better self-rated health was associated with higher outcome resilience. Somatic disease events and onset of chronic mental disorders were associated with more depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Outcome resilience was significantly related to neuroticism, conscientiousness, and self-rated health. Strong associations between depressive symptoms and the stressors somatic disease event, and chronic mental disorder were observed.
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Hu T, Yang F, He K, Ying J, Cui H. Association of mental health with the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes: A mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:703-709. [PMID: 35144858 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Observational studies have shown an association between mental health and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetes. Nevertheless, whether these associations are causal is still unknown. In this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we aimed to assess the causality between mental health and CAD in patients with diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with: depression (807,553 individuals), anxiety (83,556 individuals) and neuroticism (329,821 individuals) were identified from the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Summary-level data for CAD were extracted from the recently published GWAS of 15,666 diabetic patients (3968 CAD cases and 11,696 controls). The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used for the main analysis. Sensitivity analyses included weighted median, maximum likelihood, and the MR-Egger method. Genetic liability to depression was significantly associated with a higher risk of CAD in patients with diabetes (odds ratio [OR], 1.286; 95%CI,1.018-1.621;p = 0.035). For anxiety and neuroticism, no causal association with CAD in patients with diabetes was observed. Consistent results were obtained in most sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS This MR study provides genetic evidence that depression is a potential risk factor for CAD in patients with diabetes. However, anxiety and neuroticism were not causally associated with CAD in patients with diabetes. Mental health treatments should be enhanced to prevent CAD in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Fangkun Yang
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Kewan He
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
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