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Wang Y, Wang Z, Lin Y, Qin Y, He R, Wang M, Sun Q, Peng Y. Nanocellulose from agro-industrial wastes: A review on sources, production, applications, and current challenges. Food Res Int 2024; 192:114741. [PMID: 39147548 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Significant volumes of agricultural and industrial waste are produced annually. With the global focus shifting towards sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, there is growing emphasis on recycling and utilizing materials derived from such waste, such as cellulose and lignin. In response to this imperative situation, nanocellulose materials have surfaced attracting heightened attention and research interest owing to their superior properties in terms of strength, stiffness, biodegradability, and water resistance. The current manuscript provided a comprehensive review encompassing the resources of nanocellulose, detailed pretreatment and extraction methods, and present applications of nanocellulose. More importantly, it highlighted the challenges related to its processing and utilization, along with potential solutions. After evaluating the benefits and drawbacks of different methods for producing nanocellulose, ultrasound combined with acid hydrolysis emerges as the most promising approach for large-scale production. While nanocellulose has established applications in water treatment, its potential within the food industry appears even more encouraging. Despite the numerous potential applications across various sectors, challenges persist regarding its modification, characterization, industrial-scale manufacturing, and regulatory policies. Overcoming these obstacles requires the development of new technologies and assessment tools aligned with policy. In essence, nanocellulose presents itself as an eco-friendly material with extensive application possibilities, prompting the need for additional research into its extraction, application suitability, and performance enhancement. This review focused on the wide application scenarios of nanocellulose, the challenges of nanocellulose application, and the possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefan Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Yu Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Yiming Qin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Ruixuan He
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Mingxiao Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
| | - Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, 999078, Macao.
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2
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Bejenaru LE, Radu A, Segneanu AE, Biţă A, Manda CV, Mogoşanu GD, Bejenaru C. Innovative Strategies for Upcycling Agricultural Residues and Their Various Pharmaceutical Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2133. [PMID: 39124251 PMCID: PMC11314045 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This review investigates innovative strategies for upcycling agricultural residues into valuable pharmaceutical compounds. The improper disposal of agricultural residues contributes to significant environmental issues, including increased greenhouse gas emissions and ecosystem degradation. Upcycling offers a sustainable solution, transforming these residues into high-value bioproducts (antioxidants, antitumor agents, antidiabetic compounds, anti-inflammatory agents, and antiviral drugs). Nanotechnology and microbial biotechnology have a crucial role in enhancing bioavailability and targeted delivery of bioactive compounds. Advanced techniques like enzymatic hydrolysis, green solvents, microwave processing, pyrolysis, ultrasonic processing, acid and alkaline hydrolysis, ozonolysis, and organosolv processes are explored for their effectiveness in breaking down agricultural waste and extracting valuable compounds. Despite the promising potential, challenges such as variability in residue composition, scalability, and high costs persist. The review emphasizes the need for future research on cost-effective extraction techniques and robust regulatory frameworks to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of bioproducts. The upcycling of agricultural residues represents a viable path towards sustainable waste management and production of pharmaceutical compounds, contributing to environmental conservation and public health improvements. This review provides an analysis of the current literature and identifies knowledge gaps, offering recommendations for future studies to optimize the use of agricultural residues in the drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Everard Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.E.B.); (A.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Antonia Radu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Adina-Elena Segneanu
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timişoara (ICAM–WUT), 4 Oituz Street, 300086 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Biţă
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.E.B.); (A.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Costel-Valentin Manda
- Department of Analytical and Instrumental Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - George Dan Mogoşanu
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.E.B.); (A.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Cornelia Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.R.); (C.B.)
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3
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Hoang TD, Van Anh N, Yusuf M, Ali S A M, Subramanian Y, Hoang Nam N, Minh Ky N, Le VG, Thi Thanh Huyen N, Abi Bianasari A, K Azad A. Valorization of Agriculture Residues into Value-Added Products: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Studies. CHEM REC 2024:e202300333. [PMID: 39051717 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Global agricultural by-products usually go to waste, especially in developing countries where agricultural products are usually exported as raw products. Such waste streams, once converted to "value-added" products could be an additional source of revenue while simultaneously having positive impacts on the socio-economic well-being of local people. We highlight the utilization of thermochemical techniques to activate and convert agricultural waste streams such as rice and straw husk, coconut fiber, coffee wastes, and okara power wastes commonly found in the world into porous activated carbons and biofuels. Such activated carbons are suitable for various applications in environmental remediation, climate mitigation, energy storage, and conversions such as batteries and supercapacitors, in improving crop productivity and producing useful biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan-Dung Hoang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Vietam National Univeristy Hanoi -, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Arts, 144 Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Anh
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute (CETRI), Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Muhammed Ali S A
- Fuel Cell Institute, (CETRI), Universiti Kebangsasn Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Yathavan Subramanian
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, BE1410, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Nguyen Hoang Nam
- Faculty of Environment, Climate change and Urban Studies, National Economics University, 10000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Ky
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Hamlet 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Van-Giang Le
- Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University (CRES-VNU), Hanoi, 111000, Vietnam
| | | | - Alien Abi Bianasari
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, BE1410, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abul K Azad
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, BE1410, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
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Guardado Yordi E, Pérez Martínez A, Radice M, Scalvenzi L, Abreu-Naranjo R, Uriarte E, Santana L, Matos MJ. Seaweeds as Source of Bioactive Pigments with Neuroprotective and/or Anti-Neurodegenerative Activities: Astaxanthin and Fucoxanthin. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:327. [PMID: 39057436 PMCID: PMC11277739 DOI: 10.3390/md22070327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The marine kingdom is an important source of a huge variety of scaffolds inspiring the design of new drugs. The complex molecules found in the oceans present a great challenge to organic and medicinal chemists. However, the wide variety of biological activities they can display is worth the effort. In this article, we present an overview of different seaweeds as potential sources of bioactive pigments with activity against neurodegenerative diseases, especially due to their neuroprotective effects. Along with a broad introduction to seaweed as a source of bioactive pigments, this review is especially focused on astaxanthin and fucoxanthin as potential neuroprotective and/or anti-neurodegenerative agents. PubMed and SciFinder were used as the main sources to search and select the most relevant scientific articles within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Guardado Yordi
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Amaury Pérez Martínez
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Matteo Radice
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Laura Scalvenzi
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Reinier Abreu-Naranjo
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Joao Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
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da Silva VT, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Fernandes A. Plant-Based Meat Analogues: Exploring Proteins, Fibers and Polyphenolic Compounds as Functional Ingredients for Future Food Solutions. Foods 2024; 13:2303. [PMID: 39063388 PMCID: PMC11275277 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the lack of resources required to meet the demands of a growing population is increasingly evident, plant-based diets can be seen as part of the solution, also addressing ethical, environmental, and health concerns. The rise of vegetarian and vegan food regimes is a powerful catalyzer of a transition from animal-based diets to plant-based diets, which foments the need for innovation within the food industry. Vegetables and fruits are a rich source of protein, and bioactive compounds such as dietary fibres and polyphenols and can be used as technological ingredients (e.g., thickening agents, emulsifiers, or colouring agents), while providing health benefits. This review provides insight on the potential of plant-based ingredients as a source of alternative proteins, dietary fibres and antioxidant compounds, and their use for the development of food- and alternative plant-based products. The application of these ingredients on meat analogues and their impact on health, the environment and consumers' acceptance are discussed. Given the current knowledge on meat analogue production, factors like cost, production and texturization techniques, upscaling conditions, sensory attributes and nutritional safety are factors that require further development to fully achieve the full potential of plant-based meat analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Trincão da Silva
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Wang X, Cao L, Tang J, Deng J, Hao E, Bai G, Tang PL, Yang J, Li H, Yao L, He C, Hou X. Research on the Mechanism and Material Basis of Corn ( Zea mays L.) Waste Regulating Dyslipidemia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:868. [PMID: 39065719 PMCID: PMC11279488 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is an essential gramineous food crop. Traditionally, corn wastes have primarily been used in feed, harmless processing, and industrial applications. Except for corn silk, these wastes have had limited medicinal uses. However, in recent years, scholars have increasingly studied the medicinal value of corn wastes, including corn silk, bracts, husks, stalks, leaves, and cobs. Hyperlipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipid and/or lipoprotein levels in the blood, is the most common form of dyslipidemia today. It is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis and can lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases if severe. According to the authors' literature survey, corn wastes play a promising role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. This article reviews the mechanisms and material basis of six different corn wastes in regulating dyslipidemia, aiming to provide a foundation for the research and development of these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Lewei Cao
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Jiajun Tang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Pei Ling Tang
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Kuala Lumpur 50250, Malaysia
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Huaying Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Lihao Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Cuiwei He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China; (X.W.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, China
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Prado-Acebo I, Cubero-Cardoso J, Lu-Chau TA, Eibes G. Integral multi-valorization of agro-industrial wastes: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 183:42-52. [PMID: 38714121 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture and industries related to the agriculture sector generate a large amount of waste each year. These wastes are usually burned or dumped, causing damage to the environment, the economy and society. Due to their composition, they have great potential for obtaining high value-added products in biorefineries. This fact, added to the growing demand for energy and chemicals from fossil resources, is driving the interest of the scientific community in them. Biorefinery processes are hardly profitable when applied individually, so a better alternative is to develop integrated multi-feedstock and multi-product biorefinery schemes using all biomass fractions in a zero-waste approach. However, for industrial scale application, extensive research, scale-up studies, and techno-economic and environmental feasibility analyses are needed. This review compiles information on integrated multi-biorefinery processes from agro-industrial wastes to shed light on the path towards sustainable development and circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Prado-Acebo
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Juan Cubero-Cardoso
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; Laboratory of Sustainable and Circular Technology, CIDERTA and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Campus de ''El Carmen", University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Thelmo A Lu-Chau
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Gemma Eibes
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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Şahin S, Kurtulbaş E. Green Extraction and Valorization of By-Products from Food Processing. Foods 2024; 13:1589. [PMID: 38790889 PMCID: PMC11120847 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial valorization has been a hot topic recently since it leads to resource conservation and is economically and environmentally valuable [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Şahin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey;
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9
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Latella R, Calzoni E, Urbanelli L, Cerrotti G, Porcellati S, Emiliani C, Buratta S, Tancini B. Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Agri-Food Wastes: A Novel Perspective in the Valorization of Agri-Food Wastes and By-Products. Foods 2024; 13:1492. [PMID: 38790792 PMCID: PMC11120153 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Agri-food wastes generated by industrial food processing are valorized through the extraction of biomolecules to obtain value-added products useful for various industrial applications. In the present review, we describe the valuable by-products and bioactive molecules that can be obtained from agricultural wastes and propose extracellular vesicles (EVs) as innovative nutraceutical and therapeutic compounds that could be derived from agriculture residues. To support this idea, we described the general features and roles of EVs and focused on plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) that are considered natural carriers of bioactive molecules and are involved in intercellular communication between diverse kingdoms of life. Consistently, PDEVs exert beneficial effects (anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immune-modulatory) on mammalian cells. Although this research field is currently in its infancy, in the near future, the isolation of EVs and their use as nutraceutical tools could represent a new and innovative way to valorize waste from the agri-food industry in an ecofriendly way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Latella
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Eleonora Calzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Lorena Urbanelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Giada Cerrotti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Serena Porcellati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
- Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN), University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandra Buratta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
| | - Brunella Tancini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy; (R.L.); (E.C.); (L.U.); (G.C.); (S.P.); (C.E.); (B.T.)
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Jeevanandam J, Rodrigues J. Sustainable synthesis of bionanomaterials using non-native plant extracts for maintaining ecological balance: A computational bibliography analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120892. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
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11
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Jeevanandam J, Rodrigues J. Sustainable synthesis of bionanomaterials using non-native plant extracts for maintaining ecological balance: A computational bibliography analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120892. [PMID: 38663082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Biological approaches via biomolecular extracts of bacteria, fungi, or plants have recently been introduced as an alternative approach to synthesizing less or nontoxic nanomaterials, compared to conventional physical and chemical approaches. Among these biological methods, plant-mediated approaches (phytosynthesis) are reported to be highly beneficial for large-scale, nontoxic nanomaterial synthesis. However, plant-mediated synthesis of nanomaterials using native plant extract can lead to bioprospecting issues and deforestation challenges. On the other hand, non-native or invasive plants are non-indigenous to a particular geographic location that can grow and spread rapidly, ultimately disrupting the local and endogenous plant communities or ecosystems. Thus, controlling or eradicating these non-native plants before they damage the ecosystem is necessary. Even though mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches are available to control non-native plants, all these methods possess certain limitations, such as environmental toxicity, disturbance in the nutrient cycle, and loss of genetic integrity. Therefore, non-native plants were recently proposed as a novel sustainable source of phytochemicals for preparing nanomaterials via green chemistry, mainly metallic nanoparticles, as an alternative to native, agriculture-based, or medicinal plants. This work aims to cover a literature gap on plant-mediated bionanomaterial synthesis with an overview and bibliography analysis of non-native plants via novel data mining and advanced visualization tools. In addition, the potential of non-native plants as a sustainable, green chemistry-based alternative for bionanomaterial preparation for maintaining ecological balance, the mechanism of formation via phytochemicals, and their possible applications to promote their control and spread were also discussed. The bibliography analysis revealed that only an average of 4 articles have been published in the last 10 years (2013-2023) on non-native/invasive plants for nanomaterial synthesis, which shows the significance of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal.
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12
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Ćirić I, Dabić Zagorac D, Sredojević M, Fotirić Akšić M, Rabrenović B, Blagojević S, Natić M. Valorisation of Raspberry Seeds in Cosmetic Industry-Green Solutions. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:606. [PMID: 38794268 PMCID: PMC11124771 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The fruit processing industry generates large quantities of by-products well known to be rich in bioactive compounds with numerous nutritional properties and beneficial effects for human health. We developed a strategy to valorise raspberry seeds and obtain valuable ingredients with potential application in cosmetic skincare formulas. Cold press extraction technology was applied to extract oil, and the remaining defatted raspberry seed cake was treated with three proline based deep eutectic solvents (DES) to extract polyphenols. The most potent was proline/citric acid extract, with free and total ellagic acid content (52.4 mg/L and 86.4 mg/L), total phenolic content (TPC, 550.1 mg GAE/L) and radical scavenging activity (RSA, 4742.7 mmol TE/L). After the direct mixing of the extract and after encapsulation with starch as a carrier, the skincare emulsion and microemulsion were characterised by irritation potential (Zein test), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), red blood cell (RBC), and DPPH antioxidant test. The resulting preparations were of improved quality in comparison to the control hand cream, with a low skin irritation effect, lower TEWL, and higher antioxidant potential. This work complies with circular economy principles and green technology standards, and represents the efficient model on how to reuse natural resources through waste minimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka Ćirić
- Innovative Centre Faculty of Chemistry Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.Ć.); (D.D.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Dragana Dabić Zagorac
- Innovative Centre Faculty of Chemistry Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.Ć.); (D.D.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Milica Sredojević
- Innovative Centre Faculty of Chemistry Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.Ć.); (D.D.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Milica Fotirić Akšić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.F.A.); (B.R.)
| | - Biljana Rabrenović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.F.A.); (B.R.)
| | - Stevan Blagojević
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Natić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Yadav S, Malik K, Moore JM, Kamboj BR, Malik S, Malik VK, Arya S, Singh K, Mahanta S, Bishnoi DK. Valorisation of Agri-Food Waste for Bioactive Compounds: Recent Trends and Future Sustainable Challenges. Molecules 2024; 29:2055. [PMID: 38731546 PMCID: PMC11085133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, a massive amount of agriculture and food waste is a major threat to the environment, the economy and public health. However, these wastes are important sources of phytochemicals (bioactive), such as polyphenols, carotenoids, carnitine, coenzymes, essential oils and tocopherols, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic properties. Hence, it represents a promising opportunity for the food, agriculture, cosmetics, textiles, energy and pharmaceutical industries to develop cost effective strategies. The value of agri-food wastes has been extracted from various valuable bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, dietary fibre, proteins, lipids, vitamins, carotenoids, organic acids, essential oils and minerals, some of which are found in greater quantities in the discarded parts than in the parts accepted by the market used for different industrial sectors. The value of agri-food wastes and by-products could assure food security, maintain sustainability, efficiently reduce environmental pollution and provide an opportunity to earn additional income for industries. Furthermore, sustainable extraction methodologies like ultrasound-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pulse electric field-assisted extraction, ultrasound microwave-assisted extraction and high hydrostatic pressure extraction are extensively used for the isolation, purification and recovery of various bioactive compounds from agri-food waste, according to a circular economy and sustainable approach. This review also includes some of the critical and sustainable challenges in the valorisation of agri-food wastes and explores innovative eco-friendly methods for extracting bioactive compounds from agri-food wastes, particularly for food applications. The highlights of this review are providing information on the valorisation techniques used for the extraction and recovery of different bioactive compounds from agricultural food wastes, innovative and promising approaches. Additionally, the potential use of these products presents an affordable alternative towards a circular economy and, consequently, sustainability. In this context, the encapsulation process considers the integral and sustainable use of agricultural food waste for bioactive compounds that enhance the properties and quality of functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeeta Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India;
| | - Kamla Malik
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India;
| | - Janie McClurkin Moore
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering (BAEN), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (COALS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Baldev Raj Kamboj
- Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Shweta Malik
- Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Malik
- Department of Plant Pathology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Karmal Singh
- Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
| | - Shikhadri Mahanta
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering (BAEN), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (COALS), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Dalip Kumar Bishnoi
- Department of Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India
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Jabbar KQ, Barzinjy AA. Biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles using Buchanania obovatafruit extract and the eutectic-based ionic liquid. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:265601. [PMID: 38527365 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad375e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The fruit extract ofBuchanania obovataand the eutectic-based ionic liquid were utilized, in an eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple method, for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The influence of the reducing, capping and stabilizing agents, in both mediums, on the structure, optical, and morphological properties of ZnO NPs was extensively investigated. The surface plasmon resonance peaks were observed at 340 nm and 320 nm for the fruit-based and the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediums, respectively, indicating the formation of ZnO NPs. XRD results confirmed the wurtzite structure of the ZnO NPs, exhibiting hexagonal phases in the diffraction patterns. The SEM and TEM images display that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs exhibit crystalline and hexagonal shape, with an average size of 40 nm for the fruit-based and 25 nm for the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, revealed a value ∼13 m2g-1for ZnO NPs synthesized using the fruit extract and ∼29 m2g-1for those synthesized using the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs was assessed against clinically isolated Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacterial strains using the inhibition zone method. The ZnO NPs produced from the eutectic-based ionic liquids confirmed superior antibacterial activity against bothS. aureusandE. colicompared to those mediated by the utilized fruit extract. At a concentration of 1000, the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediated ZnO NPs displayed a maximum inhibition zone of 16 mm againstS. aureus, while againstE. coli, a maximum inhibition zone of 15 mm was observed using the fruit extract mediated ZnO NPs. The results of this study showed that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs can be utilized as an efficient substitute to the frequently used chemical drugs and covering drug resistance matters resulted from continual usage of chemical drugs by users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadhim Qasim Jabbar
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Physics Education Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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15
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Mu D, Wang C, Geng X, Zhao Y, Mohamed TA, Wu D, Wei Z. Effect of Maillard reaction based on catechol polymerization on the conversion of food waste to humus. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141560. [PMID: 38417496 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The pollution and harm of food waste (FW) are increasingly concerned, which has the dual attributes of pollutants and resources. This study aimed to improve the synthesis efficiency of FW humic substances (HS), and investigating the effect of catechol on the formation mechanism and structure of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA). Results indicated that catechol incorporation could enable to exhibit higher HS yield and more complex structure, especially the maximum particle size of FA reached 4800 nm. This was due to the combination of catechol with multiple nitrogenous compounds, which accelerated molecular condensation. Spectroscopic scans analysis revealed that Maillard reaction occurs first. Subsequently, Maillard reaction products and amino acids were combined with different sites of catechol, which leads to the difference of molecular structure of HS. The structure of FA is characterized by an abundance of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, whereas HA is rich in benzene and heterocyclic structures. The structural difference was responsible for the disparity in the functional properties of FA and HA. Specifically, the presence of amino, hydroxyl, pyridine, and carboxyl groups in FA contributes significantly to its chelating activity. This research provides an efficient and sustainable unique solution for the high-value of FW conversion, and provides evidence for understanding the structural evolution of HA and FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichen Mu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyu Geng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Taha Ahmed Mohamed
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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16
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Tang Y, Zhao W, Gao L, Zhu G, Jiang Y, Rui Y, Zhang P. Harnessing synergy: Integrating agricultural waste and nanomaterials for enhanced sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:123023. [PMID: 38008251 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the cooperative use of agricultural waste and nanomaterials to improve environmental sustainability. The introduction highlights global environmental challenges and the objectives of integrating the two are highlighted. Valorization of agricultural waste is considered to reduce waste generation, while nanomaterials act as conversion catalysts that help to increase the efficiency of waste conversion and environmental remediation. In addition, synergistic approaches are discussed, including the combination of agricultural waste and nanomaterials, as well as the concept of enhanced resource management. The paper also presents case studies that demonstrate the success of such synergistic applications in pollution control and environmental remediation. Despite the challenges and risks, this approach can provide new ways to create more sustainable and resilient environments through the integration of resources, interdisciplinary cooperation and policy support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Bejing, 100193, China
| | - Weichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guikai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Bejing, 100193, China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Bejing, 100193, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Bejing, 100193, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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17
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Albogami A, Naguib DM. Agricultural wastes: a new promising source for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase as anticancer agent. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:22. [PMID: 38156037 PMCID: PMC10751285 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) extracted from agricultural waste and its potential use as an anticancer agent in comparison to microbial PAL. We extracted and partially purified PAL from agricultural waste sources. We assessed the temperature and pH range of PAL and determined enzyme kinetics parameters including Michaelis constants (Km), maximum velocity (Vmax), and specificity constant values (Vmax/Km). Additionally, we examined the effects of different storage temperatures on PAL activity. In our analysis, we compared the efficacy of agricultural waste-derived PAL with PAL from Rhodotorula glutinis. The results demonstrated that PAL extracted from agricultural waste exhibited significantly higher specific activity (Vmax/Km) compared to its microbial counterpart. The agricultural waste-derived PAL displayed a stronger affinity for phenylalanine, as indicated by a lower Km value than the microbial PAL did. Furthermore, PAL from agricultural waste maintained activity across a broader temperature and pH range (15-75 °C, pH 5-11), in contrast to microbial PAL (20-60 °C, pH 5.5-10). Importantly, the PAL derived from agricultural waste exhibited superior stability, retaining over 90% of its activity after 6 months of storage at room temperature (25 °C), whereas microbial PAL lost more than 70% of its activity under similar storage conditions. In anticancer experiments against various cancer cell lines, agricultural waste-derived PAL demonstrated greater anticancer activity compared to microbial PAL. These findings suggest that PAL sourced from agricultural waste has the potential to be a safe and effective natural anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Albogami
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University (BU), Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deyala M. Naguib
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Al-Mikhwah, Al-Baha University (BU), Al-Mikhwah, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Rodríguez Valerón N, Mak T, Jahn LJ, Arboleya JC, Sörensen PM. Derivation of Kokumi γ-Glutamyl Peptides and Volatile Aroma Compounds from Fermented Cereal Processing By-Products for Reducing Bitterness of Plant-Based Ingredients. Foods 2023; 12:4297. [PMID: 38231764 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Current food production methods and consumption behaviours are unsustainable and contribute to environmental harm. One example is food waste-around 38% of food produced is wasted each year. Here, we show that two common food waste products, wheat bran and brewer's spent grain, can successfully be upcycled via miso fermentation. During the fermentation process, kokumi γ-glutamyl peptides, known to increase mouthfulness, are produced; these include γ-ECG (oxidized), γ-EVG, γ-EV, γ-EE, γ-EF, and γ-EL. The profiles of kokumi peptides and volatile aroma compounds are correlated with koji substrate, pH, and enzymatic activity, offering straightforward parameters that can be manipulated to increase the abundance of kokumi peptides during the fermentation process. Correlation analysis demonstrates that some volatile aroma compounds, such as fatty acid ethyl esters, are correlated with kokumi peptide abundance and may be responsible for fatty, greasy, and buttery aromas. Consumer sensory analysis conveys that the bitter taste of vegetables, such as that in endives, can be dampened when miso extract containing kokumi peptides is added. This suggests that kokumi peptides, along with aroma volatile compounds, can enhance the overall flavour of plant-based products. This study opens new opportunities for cereal processing by-product upcycling via fermentation, ultimately having the potential to promote a plant-based diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Rodríguez Valerón
- Basque Culinary Center, Facultad de Ciencias Gastronómicas, Mondragon Unibersitatea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tiffany Mak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Leonie J Jahn
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Juan Carlos Arboleya
- Basque Culinary Center, Facultad de Ciencias Gastronómicas, Mondragon Unibersitatea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- BCC Innovation, Centro Tecnológico en Gastronomía, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pia M Sörensen
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Al-Hazmi NE, Naguib DM. Control the carcinogenic bacteria with new polysaccharides from agricultural wastes. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106343. [PMID: 37709103 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture activities industries produce a huge amount of waste every year. Agricultural wastes are a great source of natural polysaccharides characterized by accessibility, biocompatibility, and ease of modification. Finding new safe antibacterial agents has become one of the top priorities of health organizations worldwide. This priority emerged from the antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria hazard. Carcinogenic bacteria are one of the most dangerous antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. This study tries to investigate the antibacterial activity of polysaccharides from some agricultural wastes against carcinogenic bacteria related to gastrointestinal cancers. We determined the antibacterial activity (in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)) and the biofilm reduction capacity. We studied the mechanism of the antibacterial activity by determining the effect of the MIC of the extracted polysaccharides on the plasma membrane permeability and the bacterial DNA content. All extracted polysaccharides showed effective antibacterial activity with low MICs ranging from 2 to 20 μg/mL. The barely straw polysaccharides showed the highest MIC (19.844 μg/mL) against Bacteroides fragilis, while the grape bagasse showed the lowest MIC (2.489 μg/mL) against Helicobacter pylori. The extracted polysaccharide showed high antibiofilm activity. Their capacity to reduce the formation of the pathogenic biofilm ranged from 75 to 95%. Regarding the antibacterial mechanism, the extracted polysaccharides showed destructive action on the DNA and the plasma membrane permeability. The bacterial DNA change percent after the treatment with the different polysaccharides ranged from 29% to -58%. The plasma membrane permeability increased by a high percentage, ranging from 92% to 123%. Agricultural waste polysaccharides are a promising antibacterial agent against antibiotic-resistant carcinogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal E Al-Hazmi
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biology (Microbiology), University College of Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deyala M Naguib
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Al-Mikhwah, Al-Baha University, Al-Mikhwah, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Vlaicu PA, Untea AE, Varzaru I, Saracila M, Oancea AG. Designing Nutrition for Health-Incorporating Dietary By-Products into Poultry Feeds to Create Functional Foods with Insights into Health Benefits, Risks, Bioactive Compounds, Food Component Functionality and Safety Regulations. Foods 2023; 12:4001. [PMID: 37959120 PMCID: PMC10650119 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the concept of nutrition by design, exploring the relationship between poultry production, the utilization of dietary by-products to create functional foods, and their impact on human health. Functional foods are defined as products that extend beyond their basic nutritional value, offering potential benefits in disease prevention and management. Various methods, including extraction, fermentation, enrichment, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, are employed to obtain bioactive compounds for these functional foods. This review also examines the innovative approach of enhancing livestock diets to create functional foods through animal-based methods. Bioactive compounds found in these functional foods, such as essential fatty acids, antioxidants, carotenoids, minerals, vitamins, and bioactive peptides, are highlighted for their potential in promoting well-being and mitigating chronic diseases. Additionally, the review explores the functionality of food components within these products, emphasizing the critical roles of bioaccessibility, bioactivity, and bioavailability in promoting health. The importance of considering key aspects in the design of enhanced poultry diets for functional food production is thoroughly reviewed. The safety of these foods through the establishment of regulations and guidelines was reviewed. It is concluded that the integration of nutrition by design principles empowers individuals to make informed choices that can prioritize their health and well-being. By incorporating functional foods rich in bioactive compounds, consumers can proactively take steps to prevent and manage health issues, ultimately contributing to a healthier society and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- Feed and Food Quality Department, National Research and Development Institute for Animal Nutrition and Biology, 077015 Balotesti, Romania; (A.E.U.); (I.V.); (M.S.); (A.G.O.)
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21
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Dulf FV, Vodnar DC, Dulf EH. Solid-state fermentation with Zygomycetes fungi as a tool for biofortification of apple pomace with γ-linolenic acid, carotenoid pigments and phenolic antioxidants. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113448. [PMID: 37803774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the more efficient utilization of agricultural and food by-products. Apples are among the most processed fruits in the world that generate huge quantities of processing waste biomasses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to improve the nutritional value of apple pomaces with γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoid pigments by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using two Zygomycetes fungi (Actinomucor elegans and Umbelopsis isabellina). The impact of fermentation periods on the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of the bioprocessed apple pomace was also investigated. The accumulated lipids were composed primarily of neutral fractions (mostly triacylglycerols). SSF with U. isabellina yielded a 12.72% higher GLA content than with A. elegans (3.85 g GLA/kg DW of pomace). Contrary to the lipogenic capacity, A. elegans showed higher carotenoids and phenolic antioxidants productivity than U. isabellina. The maximum concentrations for β-carotene (433.11 μg/g DW of pomace-SSF with A. elegans and 237.68 μg/g DW of pomace-SSF with U. isabellina), lutein (374.48 μg/g DW- A. elegans and 179.04 μg/g DW- U. isabellina) and zeaxanthin (247.35 μg/g DW- A. elegans and 120.41 μg/g DW- U. isabellina) were registered on the 12th day of SSFs. In the case of SSF with A. elegans, the amount of total phenolics increased significantly (27%) by day 4 from the initial value (2670.38 μg of gallic acid equivalents/g DW) before slowly decreasing for the remaining period of the fungal growth. The experimental findings showed that a prolonged fermentation (between 8 and 12 days) should be applied to obtain value-added apple pomaces (rich in GLA and carotenoids) with potential pharmaceutical and functional food applications. Moreover, the SSF processes of simultaneous bioaccumulation of valuable fatty acids, carotenoids and phenolic antioxidants proposed in the present study may open up new challenges for biotechnological production of industrially important biomolecules using abundant and unexploited apple pomaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva-Henrietta Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Automation, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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22
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Borah MS, Tiwari A, Sridhar K, Narsaiah K, Nayak PK, Stephen Inbaraj B. Recent Trends in Valorization of Food Industry Waste and By-Products: Encapsulation and In Vitro Release of Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:3823. [PMID: 37893717 PMCID: PMC10606574 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Food by-products and waste are a boundless source of bioactives, nutraceuticals, and naturally occurring substances that are good for human health. In fact, a lot of by-products and wastes are generated by several food businesses. Therefore, waste management and by-product utilization are the most important aspects of the food sector. According to various studies, many bioactive compounds such as phenolics, carotenoids, and proteins can be recovered as feed stock from various industries' by-products and wastes using potential technologies. As a result, current trends are shifting attention to the sustainable valorisation of food sector waste management and by-products utilization. Thus, the circular economy principles have been applied to the field of food science. The aim of the circular economy is to ensure environmental protection and promote economic development while minimizing the environmental impact of food production. All of these aspects of the circular economy, at present, have become a challenging area of research for by-product valorisation as well. Hence, this review aims to highlight the emerging trends in the efficient utilization of food industry waste and by-products by focusing on innovative encapsulation techniques and controlled release mechanisms of bioactive compounds extracted from food industry waste and by-products. This review also aims to suggest future research directions, and addresses regulatory and toxicity considerations, by fostering knowledge dissemination and encouraging eco-friendly approaches within the food industry. This review reveals the role of encapsulation strategies for the effective utilization of bioactive compounds extracted from food industry waste and by-products. However, further research is needed to address regulatory and toxicity considerations of encapsulated bioactive compounds and health-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajita Tiwari
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Kairam Narsaiah
- Agriculture Engineering Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Nayak
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar 783370, India
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23
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Afreen S, Mishra S. Production of high-value oxidative enzymes by Cyathus bulleri on agricultural and agri-food wastes for application in the textile sector. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:329. [PMID: 37792159 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Ligninolytic and other oxidative enzymes have emerged as promising biocatalysts in several industries. Since their production at a low cost is necessary for any large-scale application, we demonstrate the use of rice bran (RB), an agricultural waste and agri-food wastes such as potato peelings (PP), banana peelings (BP), and green pea peelings (GPP) for their production. High activity of laccase (12 U/ml), manganese peroxidase (16.11 ± 1.43 U/ml), and aryl alcohol oxidase (1.25 U/ml) was obtained on the PP on the 12th day of growth and ~ 6 U/ml of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase was obtained on the 14th day of growth demonstrating PP to be a good substrate for their production. RB served as the next best substrate for the production of these enzymes. While the GPP was effective for the production of laccase (9.2 U/ml), this and the BP were not good substrates for the production of other enzymes. Efficient (48-82%) decolorization of several azo-, triarylmethane- dyes, and real textile effluent, without the addition of any mediator, demonstrated the high oxidative ability of the crude culture filtrate produced on the PP (CF-PP), which was a significant improvement compared to the treatment given by the previously reported culture filtrate obtained on wheat bran (CF-WB). An extensive breakdown of Reactive Orange (RO) 16 was demonstrated using CF-PP resulting in the formation of a new product at m/z of 294.05 (6-acetamido-3,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydronapthalene-2-sulfonate), previously reported to be produced on ozonation/advanced oxidation of RO16. The predominant laccase and manganese peroxidase isoforms produced on the PP were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbul Afreen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Saroj Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110016, India.
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24
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Ozkan G, Günal-Köroğlu D, Capanoglu E. Valorization of fruit and vegetable processing by-products/wastes. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 107:1-39. [PMID: 37898537 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable processing by-products and wastes are of great importance due to their high production volumes and their composition containing different functional compounds. Particularly, apple, grape, citrus, and tomato pomaces, potato peel, olive mill wastewater, olive pomace and olive leaves are the main by-products that are produced during processing. Besides conventional techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction (sub-critical water extraction), supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, and fermentation are emerging tools for the recovery of target compounds. On the other hand, in the view of valorization, it is possible to use them in active packaging applications, as a source of bioactive compound (oil, phenolics, carotenoids), as functional ingredients and as biofertilizer and biogas sources. This chapter explains the production of fruit and vegetable processing by-products/wastes. Moreover, the valorization of functional compounds recovered from the fruit and vegetable by-products and wastes is evaluated in detail by emphasizing the type of the by-products/wastes, functional compounds obtained from these by-products/wastes, their extraction conditions and application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulay Ozkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Günal-Köroğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Maia MRG, Monteiro A, Valente IM, Sousa C, Miranda C, Castro C, Cortez PP, Cabrita ARJ, Trindade H, Fonseca AJM. Upcycling post-harvest biomass residues from native European Lupinus species: from straws and pod shells production to nutritive value and alkaloids content for ruminant animals. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1195015. [PMID: 37521412 PMCID: PMC10374839 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1195015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of Lupinus seeds for food and feed is increasing worldwide, which results in large amounts of post-harvest biomass residues, considered of low value and left in the field to be burned or incorporated in the soil. To valorize these agricultural wastes, this work aimed to assess their potential as an alternative feed for ruminants. Thus, the production yield, nutritive value, and alkaloid content of straws and pod shells from three native European Lupinus species, L. albus 'Estoril' (white), L. angustifolius 'Tango' (narrow-leafed), and L. luteus 'Cardiga' (yellow), cultivated in two locations, were evaluated. The dry matter (DM) yield of straws and pod shells were the highest for L. albus 'Estoril' (4.10 t ha-1) and the lowest for L. angustifolius 'Tango' (1.78 t ha-1), suggesting a poor adaptation of narrow-leafed lupin to the particularly dry and warm agronomic year. Despite species-specific differences, lupin biomass residues presented higher crude protein (53.0-68.9 g kg-1 DM) and lignin (103-111 g kg-1 DM) content than cereal straws usually used in ruminant feeding, thus resulting in higher metabolizable energy (6.43-6.58 MJ kg-1 DM) content. In vitro digestibility was similar among lupin species (47.7-50.6%) and higher in pod shells (53.7%) than in straws (44.6%). Lupinus albus 'Estoril' and L. luteus 'Cardiga' presented considerable amounts of alkaloids in straws (23.9 and 119 mg kg-1 DM) and pod shells (20.5 and 298 mg kg-1 DM), while no alkaloids were detected in L. angustifolius 'Tango' biomass residues. Considering the combined production of straw and pod shells per lupin species, it is anticipated that lupin biomass residues produced per ha can fulfill 85% of the energy and nearly 50% of protein requirements of a flock of 4 to 9 dry and mid-pregnancy sheep with 50 kg body weight for one year. No negative effects on small (ovine) and large (bovine) ruminant species due to alkaloids are expected, even if biomass residues are consumed at up to 85% DM intake. The large production yield along with its nutritive value unveils the potential of lupin biomass residues valorization as alternative fodder for ruminants, promoting sustainability under a circular economy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida R. G. Maia
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Inês M. Valente
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Sousa
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Miranda
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paulo P. Cortez
- ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R. J. Cabrita
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Trindade
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - António J. M. Fonseca
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Ashfaq A, Osama K, Yousuf O, Younis K. Sustainable Nonfarm Approaches to Achieve Zero Hunger and Its Unveiled Reality. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37399190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are deprived of sufficient, safe, and nutritious food required for an everyday and healthy life. The hunger crisis is worsening over time, even though many attempts have been made to minimize it. Increasing world population and competition for natural resources, climate change, natural disasters, urbanization, poverty, and illiteracy are the main causes that need to be addressed to reduce the hunger crisis. Various nonfarm technologies are being used to eradicate hunger but their long-term impact on the environment should also be considered. The real sustainability of several novel technologies being implemented to deal with hunger is an issue to tackle. This paper discusses the potential applications of storage facilities, underutilized crops, waste valorization, food preservation, nutritionally enriched novel food products, and technological advancement in food processing to achieve zero hunger. An attempt has also been made to address the sustainability of various nonfarm technology utilized to minimize the global hunger crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alweera Ashfaq
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Khwaja Osama
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Owais Yousuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Kaiser Younis
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
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27
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Nguyen DV, Nguyen HM, Bui QLN, Do TVT, Lam HH, Tran-Thuy TM, Nguyen LQ. Magnetic Activated Carbon from ZnCl 2 and FeCl 3 Coactivation of Lotus Seedpod: One-Pot Preparation, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity towards Robust Degradation of Acid Orange 10. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:3848456. [PMID: 37324575 PMCID: PMC10264712 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3848456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lotus seedpods (LSPs) are an abundant and underutilized agricultural residue discarded from lotus seed production. In this study, ZnCl2 and FeCl3 coactivation of LSP for one-pot preparation of magnetic activated carbon (MAC) was explored for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that Fe3O4, Fe0, and ZnO crystals were formed in the LSP-derived carbon matrix. Notably, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the shapes of these components consisted of not only nanoparticles but also nanowires. Fe and Zn contents in MAC determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were 6.89 and 3.94 wt%, respectively. Moreover, SBET and Vtotal of MAC prepared by coactivation with ZnCl2 and FeCl3 were 1080 m2/g and 0.51 cm3/g, which were much higher than those prepared by single activation with FeCl3 (274 m2/g and 0.14 cm3/g) or ZnCl2 (369 m2/g and 0.21 cm3/g). MAC was subsequently applied as an oxidation catalyst for Fenton-like degradation of acid orange 10 (AO10). As a result, 0.20 g/L MAC could partially remove AO10 (100 ppm) with an adsorption capacity of 78.4 mg/g at pH 3.0. When 350 ppm H2O2 was further added, AO10 was decolorized rapidly, nearly complete within 30 min, and 66% of the COD was removed in 120 min. The potent catalytic performance of MAC might come from the synergistic effect of Fe0 and Fe3O4 nanocrystals in the porous carbon support. MAC also demonstrated effective stability and reusability after five consecutive cycles, when total AO10 removal at 20 min of H2O2 addition slightly decreased from 93.9 ± 0.9% to 86.3 ± 0.8% and minimal iron leaching of 1.14 to 1.19 mg/L was detected. Interestingly, the MAC catalyst with a saturation magnetization of 3.6 emu/g was easily separated from the treated mixture for the next cycle. Overall, these findings demonstrate that magnetic activated carbon prepared from ZnCl2 and FeCl3 coactivation of lotus seedpod waste can be a low-cost catalyst for rapid degradation of acid orange 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hung Minh Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quang Le Nam Bui
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thao Vy Thanh Do
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hung Hoa Lam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuyet-Mai Tran-Thuy
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Long Quang Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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28
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Said Z, Sharma P, Thi Bich Nhuong Q, Bora BJ, Lichtfouse E, Khalid HM, Luque R, Nguyen XP, Hoang AT. Intelligent approaches for sustainable management and valorisation of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128952. [PMID: 36965587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is a severe environmental and social concern that today's civilization is facing. Therefore, it is necessary to have an efficient and sustainable solution for managing FW bioprocessing. Emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) are critical to achieving this, in which IoT sensors' data is analyzed using AI and ML techniques, enabling real-time decision-making and process optimization. This work describes recent developments in valorizing FW using novel tactics such as the IoT, AI, and ML. It could be concluded that combining IoT, AI, and ML approaches could enhance bioprocess monitoring and management for generating value-added products and chemicals from FW, contributing to improving environmental sustainability and food security. Generally, a comprehensive strategy of applying intelligent techniques in conjunction with government backing can minimize FW and maximize the role of FW in the circular economy toward a more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Said
- Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University (LAU), Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Prabhakar Sharma
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship University, Delhi-110089, India
| | | | - Bhaskor J Bora
- Energy Institute Bengaluru, Centre of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Karnataka-560064, India
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 PR China
| | - Haris M Khalid
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Higher Colleges of Technology, Sharjah 7947, United Arab Emirates; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Santiago, Avenida Libertador 3363, Santiago, RM, Chile
| | - Rafael Luque
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km. 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador
| | - Xuan Phuong Nguyen
- PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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29
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Adama KK, Anani OA. Experimental and theoretical assessment of phenomena linked with separation and purification of biodiesel from Ricinus communis seed oil. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16536. [PMID: 37251471 PMCID: PMC10220419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the phenomena associated with the separation and purification of biodiesel produced from Ricinus communis oil seeds using experimental and theoretical approaches. The alkaline transesterification technique was used to produce the biodiesel from the Ricinus communis oil seeds which were later compared with standards based on EN and ASTM. Experimental investigation of the components in the mixture for separation and purification was conducted using the standard turbidimetric method for binodal solubility and tie-line compositions. The gas chromatographic technique was used to determine the composition of the homogeneous mixture. Novel components separation and purification of the Ricinus communis seed oil biodiesel was achieved using ternary diagrams highlighting the constituent components of the biodiesel at different temperatures for enhanced separation and purification. At the coexisting extract and raffinate phases, the orientation angle of the component compositions increases as the methanol concentration increases and temperature increases. The analysis of seed oil in terms of its physicochemical properties showed density, refractive index, acid value, and free fatty acid values of 905 kg/m3, 1.486, 0.79 mg KOH/g, and 0.390 mg KOH/g respectively. The fatty acid composition of the seed oil and biodiesel revealed that the major characteristics of the oil and biodiesel were defined by the presence of linoleic acid (C18:2) and a ricinoleic acid hydroxyl group (C18:1, OH) with compositions of approximately 30% and 20% respectively. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrometry analysis of the oil and biodiesel showed that the absorption spectrum in terms of the wave number (cm-1) ranged from 1000 to 4000 cm-1 with esters as the main functional group providing the main structural backbone. The presence of different fatty acids leads to lateral homogeneity of the biodiesel molecules which can serve to organize the molecules into discrete domains with different properties for enhanced separation and purification at the investigated temperatures. Optimal separation and purification were achieved at the different temperatures showing the castor oil biodiesel, glycerol, and methanol components system at the prevailing composition, time, and temperatures from the tie-lines and binodal solubility compositions. This approach provides a means for the design of a more efficient separation process for optimal biodiesel purification after production with knowledge of how the components are distributed in the ternary mixture after the transesterification reaction. This, leads to greater efficiency of the process, reducing material and operational costs and eliminating environmental issues linked with the biodiesel production process as the volume of wastewater generated would be hugely eradicated. The findings of this study will be useful in the setting up of a small-to-medium-size biodiesel production facility with improvement in the efficiency of product separation and purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kennedy Adama
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Edo State University, Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Osikemekha Anthony Anani
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology and Forensic Biology, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Edo State University, Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria
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30
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Lee YG, Cho EJ, Maskey S, Nguyen DT, Bae HJ. Value-Added Products from Coffee Waste: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083562. [PMID: 37110796 PMCID: PMC10146170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee waste is often viewed as a problem, but it can be converted into value-added products if managed with clean technologies and long-term waste management strategies. Several compounds, including lipids, lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses, tannins, antioxidants, caffeine, polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, and biofuel can be extracted or produced through recycling, recovery, or energy valorization. In this review, we will discuss the potential uses of by-products generated from the waste derived from coffee production, including coffee leaves and flowers from cultivation; coffee pulps, husks, and silverskin from coffee processing; and spent coffee grounds (SCGs) from post-consumption. The full utilization of these coffee by-products can be achieved by establishing suitable infrastructure and building networks between scientists, business organizations, and policymakers, thus reducing the economic and environmental burdens of coffee processing in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Gyo Lee
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Cho
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Shila Maskey
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh-Truong Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, Tan Tao University, Duc Hoa 82000, Long An, Vietnam
| | - Hyeun-Jong Bae
- Bio-Energy Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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31
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Pérez-Marroquín XA, Estrada-Fernández AG, García-Ceja A, Aguirre-Álvarez G, León-López A. Agro-Food Waste as an Ingredient in Functional Beverage Processing: Sources, Functionality, Market and Regulation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081583. [PMID: 37107379 PMCID: PMC10137751 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste generated from the agro-food industry represents a concerning environmental, social and economic issue. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations defines food waste as all food that decreases in quantity or quality to the extent that it is thrown out by food service providers and consumers. The FAO reports that 17% of worldwide food production may be wasted. Food waste may include fresh products, food close to the expiration date discarded by retailers and food products from household kitchens and eating establishments. However, food waste offers different possibilities to extract functional ingredients from different sources, such as dairy, cereals, fruits, vegetables, fibers, oils, dye and bioactive compounds. The optimization of agro-food waste as an ingredient will help in the development and innovation of food products to generate functional food and beverages to prevent and treat several diseases in consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xóchitl Alejandra Pérez-Marroquín
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Ana Guadalupe Estrada-Fernández
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior del Oriente del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Apan-Tepeapulco Km 3.5, Colonia Las Peñitas, Apan C.P. 43900, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Adelfo García-Ceja
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Venustiano Carranza, Av. Tecnológico S/N, Col. el Huasteco, Ciudad Lázaro Cárdenas, Venustiano Carranza C.P 73049, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Aguirre-Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Arely León-López
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Venustiano Carranza, Av. Tecnológico S/N, Col. el Huasteco, Ciudad Lázaro Cárdenas, Venustiano Carranza C.P 73049, Puebla, Mexico
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Yafetto L, Odamtten GT, Wiafe-Kwagyan M. Valorization of agro-industrial wastes into animal feed through microbial fermentation: A review of the global and Ghanaian case. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14814. [PMID: 37025888 PMCID: PMC10070663 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural and industrial activities around the world lead to the production of large quantities of agro-industrial wastes (e.g., peels of cassava, pineapple, plantain, banana, and yam, as well as rice husks, rice bran , corn husks, corn cobs, palm kernel cake, soybean meal, wheat bran, etc.). These agro-industrial wastes are discarded indiscriminately, thereby polluting the environment and becoming hazardous to human and animal health. Solid-state fermentation (SSF), a microbial fermentation process, is a viable, efficient approach that transforms discarded agro-industrial wastes into a plethora of useful value-added bioproducts. There is growing interest in the application of SSF in valorizing agro-industrial wastes for the production of fermented, protein-rich animal feed within the livestock industry. SSF reduces anti-nutritional factors whose presence hinders the digestibility and bioavailability of nutrients in agro-industrial wastes. Thus, the application of SSF improves the nutrient contents and quality of valorized agro-industrial wastes as animal feed. Fermented animal feed production may be safer, cheaper and enhance the overall growth performance and health of animals. SSF, therefore, as a strategic approach in a circular bioeconomy, presents economic and practical advantages that guarantee efficient recycling and valorization of agro-industrial wastes that ameliorate environmental pollution. This paper reviews the status of global and local Ghanaian biotransformation and valorization of agro-industrial wastes through SSF for the production of nutrient-rich animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Yafetto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Corresponding author.
| | - George Tawia Odamtten
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Wiafe-Kwagyan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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ALWAZEER D, ELNASANELKASIM MA, ÇİÇEK S, Engin T, Çiğdem A, Karaoğul E. Comparative Study of Phytochemical Extraction Using Hydrogen-Rich Water and Supercritical Fluid Extraction Methods. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Pearls before Swine: Plant-Derived Wastes to Produce Low-Cholesterol Meat from Farmed Pigs-A Bibliometric Analysis Combined to Meta-Analytic Studies. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030571. [PMID: 36766100 PMCID: PMC9914002 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to environmental and human factors, there is a growing amount of agri-food waste worldwide. The European Commission is incentivizing a zero-waste policy by 2025, pushing to find a "second life" for at least the avoidable ones. In this review, after summarizing the nutritional values of pork and the importance of its inclusion in human diet, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted to investigate potential differences in the structure and activity of HMGCR, which is a key enzyme in cholesterol metabolism. In addition, a bibliometric analysis combined with visual and meta-analytical studies on 1047 scientific articles was conducted to understand whether the inclusion of agro-food waste could affect the growth performance of pigs and reduce cholesterol levels in pork. Although some critical issues were highlighted, the overall data suggest a modern and positive interest in the reuse of agri-food waste as swine feed. However, although interesting and promising results have been reported in several experimental trials, further investigation is needed, since animal health and meat quality are often given marginal consideration.
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Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Avocado Leaf Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020298. [PMID: 36829856 PMCID: PMC9952674 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing global consumption of avocados, associated with contents including bioactive compounds with numerous health-promoting properties, is producing a large amount of agro wastes around the world. Different management approaches are available for the recovery of bioactive compounds from wastes as potential ingredients for use in the production of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Lactic acid fermentation can be used to exploit nutritional potential and add value to agro wastes. In this study, fermentations with lactic acid bacteria were carried out in avocado leaves, and the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity were determined by DPPH and FRAP assays from hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from fermented avocado leaves. Fifteen new phenolic compounds were identified for the first time in avocado leaves by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. L. plantarum CECT 748T and P. pentosaceus CECT 4695T showed the highest antioxidant activity. The sum of phenolic compounds was increased by 71, 62, 55 and 21% in fermentations with P. pentosaceus CECT 4695T, L. brevis CECT 5354, P. acidilactici CECT 5765T and L. plantarum CECT 9567, respectively, while it was reduced in the fermentation with L. plantarum 748T by 21% as demonstrated by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. Biotransformations induced by bacterial metabolism modified the phenolic compound profile of avocado leaves in a strain-specific-dependent manner. P. pentosaceus CECT 4695T significantly increased kaempferol, P. pentosaceus 4695T, L. brevis 5354 and L. plantarum 9567 increased rutin, and dihydro-p-coumaric acid was increased by the five selected lactic acid bacteria. Total flavonoids were highly increased after fermentations with the five selected lactic acid bacteria but flavonoid glucosides were decreased by L. plantarum 748T, which was related to its higher antioxidant activity. Our results suggest that lactic acid bacteria led the hydrolysis of compounds by enzymatic activity such as glycosidases or decarboxylase and the release of phenolics bound to the plant cell wall, thus improving their bioavailability.
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Transformation of Agro-Waste into Value-Added Bioproducts and Bioactive Compounds: Micro/Nano Formulations and Application in the Agri-Food-Pharma Sector. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020152. [PMID: 36829646 PMCID: PMC9952426 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The agricultural sector generates a significant amount of waste, the majority of which is not productively used and is becoming a danger to both world health and the environment. Because of the promising relevance of agro-residues in the agri-food-pharma sectors, various bioproducts and novel biologically active molecules are produced through valorization techniques. Valorization of agro-wastes involves physical, chemical, and biological, including green, pretreatment methods. Bioactives and bioproducts development from agro-wastes has been widely researched in recent years. Nanocapsules are now used to increase the efficacy of bioactive molecules in food applications. This review addresses various agri-waste valorization methods, value-added bioproducts, the recovery of bioactive compounds, and their uses. Moreover, it also covers the present status of bioactive micro- and nanoencapsulation strategies and their applications.
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Zubia CS, Babaran GMO, Duque SMM, Mopera LE, Flandez LEL, Castillo-Israel KAT, Reginio FC. Impact of drying on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of bignay [ Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.] pomace. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023; 5:11. [PMCID: PMC9902252 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bignay pomace is a processing byproduct that can be a source of bioactive compounds. However, a suitable dehydration method should be considered to efficiently valorize this waste material into high-value food ingredient and maximize its health-promoting properties. Bignay pomace was subjected to convection oven-drying and freeze-drying to investigate the effect of these pre-processing techniques on the physicochemical, bioactives, and antioxidant properties of the samples. Both drying methods significantly (p<0.05) changed the total phenolic and anthocyanin contents of bignay pomace while flavonoids and tannins were not significantly affected. Freeze-drying of samples resulted in higher phenolic content (1742 vs. 1273 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g DW) and anthocyanin content (496 vs. 223 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g DW) than convection oven-drying. Freeze-drying also resulted in higher antioxidant properties based on DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP assays. Bignay pomace extract was analyzed through HPLC (with photo-diode array detector) for its phenolic profile and nine compounds were identified, with catechin and epicatechin as the dominant components. HPLC analysis also showed that while the drying process does not influence the phenolic profile of the samples, it significantly affected the concentration of phenolic compounds present. The results of this study showed that freeze-drying is a more viable method to retain the majority of bignay pomace’s functional properties compared to convection oven-drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S. Zubia
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Gilda Melanie O. Babaran
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines ,grid.484092.3Science Education Institute – Department of Science and Technology, DOST Compound, General Santos Avenue, 1630 Taguig City, Metro Manila Philippines
| | - Sheba Mae M. Duque
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Lotis E. Mopera
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Lloyd Earl L. Flandez
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
| | - Florencio C. Reginio
- grid.11176.300000 0000 9067 0374Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, 4031 Laguna, Philippines
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A Comprehensive Overview of Tomato Processing By-Product Valorization by Conventional Methods versus Emerging Technologies. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010166. [PMID: 36613382 PMCID: PMC9818577 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tomato processing industry can be considered one of the most widespread food manufacturing industries all over the world, annually generating considerable quantities of residue and determining disposal issues associated not only with the wasting of invaluable resources but also with the rise of significant environmental burdens. In this regard, previous studies have widely ascertained that tomato by-products are still rich in valuable compounds, which, once recovered, could be utilized in different industrial sectors. Currently, conventional solvent extraction is the most widely used method for the recovery of these compounds from tomato pomace. Nevertheless, several well-known drawbacks derive from this process, including the use of large quantities of solvents and the difficulties of utilizing the residual biomass. To overcome these limitations, the recent advances in extraction techniques, including the modification of the process configuration and the use of complementary novel methods to modify or destroy vegetable cells, have greatly and effectively influenced the recovery of different compounds from plant matrices. This review contributes a comprehensive overview on the valorization of tomato processing by-products with a specific focus on the use of "green technologies", including high-pressure homogenization (HPH), pulsed electric fields (PEF), supercritical fluid (SFE-CO2), ultrasounds (UAE), and microwaves (MAE), suitable to enhancing the extractability of target compounds while reducing the solvent requirement and shortening the extraction time. The effects of conventional processes and the application of green technologies are critically analyzed, and their effectiveness on the recovery of lycopene, polyphenols, cutin, pectin, oil, and proteins from tomato residues is discussed, focusing on their strengths, drawbacks, and critical factors that contribute to maximizing the extraction yields of the target compounds. Moreover, to follow the "near zero discharge concept", the utilization of a cascade approach to recover different valuable compounds and the exploitation of the residual biomass for biogas generation are also pointed out.
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Current Challenges in the Sustainable Valorisation of Agri-Food Wastes: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the upcoming years, the world will face societal challenges arising, in particular, from the impact of climate change and the inefficient use of natural resources, in addition to an exponential growth of the world population, which according to the United Nations (UN) estimations will be 9.8 billion in 2050. This increasing trend requires optimized management of natural resources with the use of value-added waste and a significant reduction in food loss and food waste. Moreover, the recent pandemic situation, COVID-19, has contributed indisputably. Along with the agri-food supply chain, several amounts of waste or by-products are generated. In most cases, these biomass wastes cause serious environmental concerns and high costs to enterprises. The valorisation of the agri-food loss and food industry wastes emerged as a useful strategy to produce certain value-added compounds with several potential applications, namely in the food, health, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and environmental fields. Therefore, in this review, some of the crucial sustainable challenges with impacts on the valorisation of agri-food loss/wastes and by-products are discussed and identified, in addition to several opportunities, trends and innovations. Potential applications and usages of the most important compounds found in food loss/waste will be highlighted, with a focus on the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, and the environment.
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Wang Y, Gao J, Cheng C, Lv J, Lambo MT, Zhang G, Li Y, Zhang Y. Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243488. [PMID: 36552408 PMCID: PMC9774913 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to explore the nutritional components of industrial hemp byproducts (industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct, IHEEB; industrial hemp stalk, IHS; industrial hemp seed meal, IHSM; industrial hemp oil filter residue, IHOFR) and provide theoretical support for the application of industrial hemp byproducts in dairy cattle production. This experiment used a combination of a wet chemical method with Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, in situ nylon bag technique, and three-step in vitro method to compare the chemical composition, carbohydrate and protein composition, in situ ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of industrial hemp byproducts and conventional feeds (alfalfa hay, AH; soybean meal, SBM). Available energy values were estimated based on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The results showed that the nutritional composition of different feeds varied greatly. The two types of IHEEB were enriched with ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and calcium, while the contents of neutral detergent insoluble crude protein, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, and acid detergent lignin were higher. As a result, the non-degradable carbohydrate and protein components were higher, and the effective degradation rate of rumen dry matter and protein was lower. IHS contains higher non-protein nitrogen and NDF, which enables it to provide more CP rumen effective degradation rate and carbohydrates, but the high acid detergent fiber also limits its application. IHSM possesses 296 g/kg CP and high rumen undegradable protein and intestinal digested protein, which can provide rumen bypass protein in dairy cows, making it a potentially good protein source. IHOFR had higher ether extract, rumen available protein degradation rate, and total tract digested protein, which can provide more energy and easily degradable protein for lactating cows. The available energy value of IHEEB and IHS was lower than AH, while SBM is between IHFOR and IHSM. In addition, the tetrahydrocannabinol of three industrial hemp byproducts that have not been assessed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was tested to evaluate their safety, and all of them were less than the limit set by ESFA. In conclusion, industrial hemp byproducts can be considered for inclusion in dietary formulations as unconventional feed sources for dairy cattle, but the purpose of use needs to be properly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yang Li
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-0451-55190840 (Y.Z.)
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-0451-55190840 (Y.Z.)
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41
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Incorporation of phenolic extracts from different by-products in yoghurts to create fortified and sustainable foods. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Reintegration of Food Industry By-Products: Potential Applications. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223743. [PMID: 36429335 PMCID: PMC9689787 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have indicated that fruits and vegetables are considered as significant sources of bioactive compounds. The generated by-products, which are derived from the food industry, reveal similar or higher antioxidant activity. On the other hand, intense industrialization results in the production of large volumes of by-products, raising serious environmental issues. Therefore, this situation creates the necessity to develop new strategies in order to exploit the generated wastes, securing the ability to develop new high-added-value products. This review aims to summarize the exploitation of fruit wastes, namely, apple and citrus, as well as vegetable by-products which are derived from tomato, potato and carrot cultivation. All the aforementioned by-products have found wide applications in the development of new high-added-value products in the food and feed industry owing to their improved nutritional profiles. Furthermore, these wastes are characterized by a strong antioxidant activity, justifying their valorization in other fields such as cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.
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Rincón E, Bautista JM, Espinosa E, Serrano L. Biopolymer‐based sachets enriched with acorn shell extracts produced by ultrasound‐assisted extraction for active packaging. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Rincón
- Biopren Group, Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba Spain
| | - Juana M. Bautista
- Biopren Group, Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba Spain
| | - Eduardo Espinosa
- Biopren Group, Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba Spain
| | - Luis Serrano
- Biopren Group, Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba Spain
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Valorization of Agro-Industrial Wastes by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction as a Source of Proteins, Antioxidants and Cutin: A Cascade Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091739. [PMID: 36139813 PMCID: PMC9495669 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of agro-industrial wastes to obtain compounds with a high added-value is increasing in the last few years in accordance with the circular economy concept. In this work, a cascade extraction approach was developed based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for tomato, watermelon, and apple peel wastes. The protein and antioxidant compounds were obtained during the first extraction step (NaOH 3 wt.%, 98.6 W, 100% amplitude, 6.48 W/cm2, 6 min). The watermelon peels (WP) showed higher proteins and total phenolic contents (857 ± 1 mg BSA/g extract and 107.2 ± 0.2 mg GAE/100 g dm, respectively), whereas the highest antioxidant activity was obtained for apple peels (1559 ± 20 µmol TE/100 g dm, 1767 ± 5 µmol TE/100 g dm, and 902 ± 16 µmol TE/100 g dm for ABTS, FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively). The remaining residue obtained from the first extraction was subsequently extracted to obtain cutin (ethanol 40 wt.%, 58 W, 100% amplitude, 2 W/cm2, 17 min, 1/80 g/mL, pH 2.5). The morphological studies confirmed the great efficiency of UAE in damaging the vegetal cell walls. WP showed a higher non-hydrolysable cutin content (55 wt.% of the initial cutin). A different monomers’ profile was obtained for the cutin composition by GC-MS, with the cutin from tomato and apple peels being rich in polyhydroxy fatty acids whereas the cutin extracted from WP was mainly based on unsaturated fatty acids. All of the cutin samples showed an initial degradation temperature higher than 200 °C, presenting an excellent thermal stability. The strategy followed in this work has proved to be an effective valorization methodology with a high scaling-up potential for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetics and biopolymer sectors.
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Awasthi MK, Harirchi S, Sar T, Vs V, Rajendran K, Gómez-García R, Hellwig C, Binod P, Sindhu R, Madhavan A, Kumar ANA, Kumar V, Kumar D, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ. Myco-biorefinery approaches for food waste valorization: Present status and future prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127592. [PMID: 35809874 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increases in population and urbanization leads to generation of a large amount of food waste (FW) and its effective waste management is a major concern. But putrescible nature and high moisture content is a major limiting factor for cost effective FW valorization. Bioconversion of FW for the production of value added products is an eco-friendly and economically viable strategy for addressing these issues. Targeting on production of multiple products will solve these issues to greater extent. This article provides an overview of bioconversion of FW to different value added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Sharareh Harirchi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Vigneswaran Vs
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Karthik Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Ricardo Gómez-García
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Coralie Hellwig
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - A N Anoop Kumar
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 402 Walters Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
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Valdés A, Garrigós MC, Jiménez A. Extraction and Characterization of Antioxidant Compounds in Almond ( Prunus amygdalus) Shell Residues for Food Packaging Applications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:806. [PMID: 36005720 PMCID: PMC9416045 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes the revalorization of almond shell (AS) wastes as an active additive for food packaging applications. A new microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method to obtain extracts rich in polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity was optimized. An experimental design to optimize the MAE procedure through response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design was proposed. The effects of extraction temperature, irradiation time, ethanol:water concentration, and solvent pH at three levels were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). The optimal conditions found were 57 min, 80 °C, pH 8, and 70% (v/v) ethanol. Optimized MAE extracts showed low soluble protein content (0.43 mg BSA g-1) and were rich in TPC (5.64 mg GAE g-1), flavonoids (1.42 mg CE g-1), and polysaccharides (1.59 mg glucose g-1), with good antioxidant capacity (2.82 mg AAE acid g-1). These results suggest the potential application of these extracts in the food industry as active additives. This strategy opens new pathways to valorize almond shell residues, contributing to the circular economy.
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Capanoglu E, Tomás-Barberán FA. Introduction to Novel Approaches in the Valorization of Agricultural Wastes and Their Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6785-6786. [PMID: 35702876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable food production, waste minimization, and valorization are critical concerns for the agricultural and food industry considering their environmental, social, and economic impacts. Foods are processed to prolong shelf life, make products available out of season, produce new products, and improve nutritional value. During processing, a significant amount of waste is generated, which attracts the attention of scientists and industrialists to valorize the value-added components, including dietary fibers, proteins, and bioactive components. This special issue focuses on the latest developments in waste valorization, covering different industries and methodologies. Within the special issue, waste valorization of some specific food groups, including fruit juice wastes, honeybee byproducts, soybean processing waste, grape pomace materials, and olive mill solid waste, are evaluated. On the other hand, novel approaches to valorizing agricultural wastes and their applications, also covering the recovery of natural pigments with potential health effects, are considered. Besides, nanotechnological and microbial bioconversion methods are used to improve the bioavailability and bioactivity of phytochemicals derived from wastes. It can be concluded that there are still some challenges in waste management and valorization concerning economic, safety, sensory, consumer acceptance, and regulative aspects, and further research is required to overcome these challenges and improve the quality and quantity of value-added products obtained from agricultural wastes and byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kandemir K, Piskin E, Xiao J, Tomas M, Capanoglu E. Fruit Juice Industry Wastes as a Source of Bioactives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6805-6832. [PMID: 35544590 PMCID: PMC9204825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Food processing sustainability, as well as waste minimization, are key concerns for the modern food industry. A significant amount of waste is generated by the fruit juice industry each year. In addition to the economic losses caused by the removal of these wastes, its impact on the environment is undeniable. Therefore, researchers have focused on recovering the bioactive components from fruit juice processing, in which a great number of phytochemicals still exist in the agro-industrial wastes, to help minimize the waste burden as well as provide new sources of bioactive compounds, which are believed to be protective agents against certain diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Although these wastes contain non-negligible amounts of bioactive compounds, information on the utilization of these byproducts in functional ingredient/food production and their impact on the sensory quality of food products is still scarce. In this regard, this review summarizes the most recent literature on bioactive compounds present in the wastes of apple, citrus fruits, berries, stoned fruits, melons, and tropical fruit juices, together with their extraction techniques and valorization approaches. Besides, on the one hand, examples of different current food applications with the use of these wastes are provided. On the other hand, the challenges with respect to economic, sensory, and safety issues are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Kandemir
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Piskin
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science
and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense
Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
- International
Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Merve Tomas
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
- Merve Tomas:
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Esra
Capanoglu:
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Elemental profile of dietary supplements and agricultural byproducts evaluated by neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022; 331:5487-5492. [PMID: 36406808 PMCID: PMC9665007 DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplements and agricultural byproducts were characterized by neutron activation analysis. The nutritional potential of supplements was evaluated according to alternative and commercial categories, using analysis of variance and cluster analysis, and recommended dietary intake for children. The results indicated statistically significant differences between both categories for the elements Cs, K, Na, and Rb. For the nutritional elements Ca, Co, Fe, K, Na, and Zn, the categories were similar in cluster analysis. The similarity between elemental profiles of alternative supplements and agricultural byproducts was calculated using a dissimilarity matrix, showing that rice and wheat are the predominant ingredients.
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