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Zahl E, Willemen AM, Fredriksen T, Kirchhofer SM, Vatne TM, Orm S, Botta M, Prentice C, Fjermestad KW. Mental health in mothers and fathers of children with chronic disorders. PEC INNOVATION 2024; 5:100331. [PMID: 39252881 PMCID: PMC11381899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study applied the Family Systems Illness Model to examine how child disorder severity influences mental health in mothers and fathers of children with chronic (mainly developmental) disorders (CD). Methods We measured parental mental health and perceived child disorder severity among 204 mothers and 125 fathers of 220 children with CD and compared the mental health scores with norms. We analyzed how much of the variance in parental mental health was explained by child disorder severity, including discrepancy between maternally and paternally perceived severity. Results Compared to norms, we found elevated mental health problems in both mothers (d = 0.45) and fathers (d = 0.20) of children with CD. Mothers had higher scores than fathers on both mental health problems (d = 0.63) and severity (d = 0.43). Perceived disorder severity was similarly associated with mental health problems for mothers (β = 0.23) and fathers (β = 0.34). Discrepancy between maternal and paternal perceived disorder severity did not influence parental mental health. Conclusion Findings suggest gender-specific challenges in parenting children with CD. Subjective perception of disorder severity plays a substantial role for parental mental health. Innovation This comparative study of mothers and fathers contributes to a predominantly mother-focused field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Zahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Po box 1094, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Agnes M Willemen
- Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Solveig M Kirchhofer
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Po box 1094, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Lovisenberg Hospital Trust, Po box N-4970, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torun M Vatne
- Frambu Resource Center for Rare Disorders, Sandbakkvn 18, N-1404 Siggerud, Norway
| | - Stian Orm
- Frambu Resource Center for Rare Disorders, Sandbakkvn 18, N-1404 Siggerud, Norway
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Vormstuguvegen 2, 2624 Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Matteo Botta
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Po box 1094, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Caitlin Prentice
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Po box 1094, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Krister W Fjermestad
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Po box 1094, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
- Frambu Resource Center for Rare Disorders, Sandbakkvn 18, N-1404 Siggerud, Norway
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Han M, Nadarajan R, Wang N, Kee MZL, Lim S, Sagar YK, Chow B, Tan AP, Cheon BK, Ang YS, Zhou JH, Chen H, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Meaney MJ, Law EC. Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Risk for Childhood Depression: Role of Executive Functions. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)01939-7. [PMID: 39419473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Offspring of mothers with depression are at increased risk for executive function (EF) deficits and later depressive symptoms, but limited studies examined EF as an intermediary pathway. This study examined the role of EF in mediating the association between maternal and child depressive symptoms. METHOD Data were from a longitudinal birth cohort consisting of 739 participants followed from the antenatal period for 12 years. Mothers completed the Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale at 26-28 weeks' gestation, at 3 months, and 24 months postpartum. At 8.5-10 years, children self-reported the Children's Depression Inventory-2. Task-based and parent-reported EF measures were collected at four timepoints between 3.5 and 8.5 years. Latent growth curve models examined antenatal depressive symptoms and its trajectory in contributing to cold (i.e., cognitive) and hot (i.e., affective) EF. We then assessed the extent to which EF mediated this association. RESULTS Maternal depressive symptoms did not directly predict depressive symptoms in late childhood. Antenatal depressive symptoms predicted lower cold (ß = -0.13, 95% CI= -0.25, -0.004) and hot EF (ß = -0.26, 95% CI= -0.38, -0.15). Deficits in cold EF (ß = -0.26, 95% CI = -0.41, -0.11) acted as an intermediary path to depressive symptoms, while hot EF mediated the association between maternal and child depressive symptoms, forming an indirect path that accounted for 37.5% of the association. CONCLUSION Deficits in hot EF may be a pathway in explaining the intergenerational transmission of depression. The finding suggests fostering EF skills as a potential strategy for at-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Han
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ranjani Nadarajan
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nixi Wang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuping Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yashna K Sagar
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Chow
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bobby K Cheon
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuen-Siang Ang
- Institute for High Performance Computing (IHPC), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juan Helen Zhou
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helen Chen
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn C Law
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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3
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Buderer C, Kirsch T, Pérez T, Swenson CC, Schmid M. Differential Treatment Responses of Maltreated and Neglected Children and Adolescents Following an Evidence-based Multisystemic Intervention. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024:10.1007/s10802-024-01248-z. [PMID: 39400650 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Limited studies have investigated differential treatment responses to family-based treatment programs and subgroup trajectories in youth in a high-risk context. This study pioneered an examination of Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN) and built on prior research that identified subgroups with different psychopathologies. Participants included 208 parent-child dyads enrolled in the MST-CAN evaluation in Switzerland. Parents reported their children's (Mage = 10.27 years, SDage = 3.5, 44.2% girls, 55.8% boys, 98.6% White) emotional and behavioral problems. Longitudinal data were examined to analyze the differential changes within the pre- and post-treatment (T1 and T2) subgroups. The T1 cluster and T2 cluster were cross-tabulated to examine changes in the symptom class over time. Overall, the treatment proved to be highly beneficial. Subgroup analyses revealed that four out of the five subgroups (80%) showed positive changes in at least two outcome measures. The treatment was most successful for children with externalizing symptoms. Children with multiple symptoms also showed improvements across different symptoms. Regarding specific symptoms, children with anxious-avoidant symptoms benefited from the treatment. Additionally, the treatment was beneficial for children with normative emotions and behavior. Meanwhile, the treatment did not have any significant effects for children with internalizing symptoms. Notably, child neglect was reduced in three (60%) subgroups. The symptom class remained stable across time for children with externalizing and multiple symptoms. Ultimately, MST-CAN reduced emotional and behavioral problems and child neglect in most families. Understanding children's differential treatment responses to complex treatment programs is essential to adequately address different needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Buderer
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Services Aargau AG, Windisch, Switzerland.
| | - Tom Kirsch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tania Pérez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cynthia Cupit Swenson
- Division of Global and Community Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Marc Schmid
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Lei J, Leigh E, Charman T, Russell A, Hollocks MJ. Exploring the association between social camouflaging and self- versus caregiver-report discrepancies in anxiety and depressive symptoms in autistic and non-autistic socially anxious adolescents. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:2657-2674. [PMID: 38488015 PMCID: PMC11459877 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241238251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Social camouflaging or masking refers to strategies autistic individuals adopt to hide their autism persona when trying to fit in. It is unclear whether camouflaging is only applicable to social differences unique to autism, or more generally to any types of social difference, such as experiences of mental health difficulties. We asked 43 autistic and 39 non-autistic adolescents (aged 14-19 years, all of whom showed similarly high levels of social anxiety) and their primary caregivers to complete questionnaires about their mental health (anxiety and depression) and autistic traits, and adolescents self-reported camouflaging behaviours. We wondered if camouflaging may be used to hide mental health difficulties reported by young people and affect caregiver report on symptom severity. We found that adolescents who self-reported greater levels of autistic traits, anxiety and depression symptoms compared with their caregivers reported greater camouflaging. Adolescents who agreed on having high levels of autistic traits and anxiety symptoms with their caregivers reported greater camouflaging behaviours. We discuss how having high levels of autistic traits and anxiety may increase adolescents' camouflaging behaviours to hide social differences, which may contribute towards poor mental health outcomes. We think it is important to talk with adolescents about how camouflaging social and mental health difference can have negative impacts for mental health as well as possible positive social gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiedi Lei
- King’s College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Tony Charman
- King’s College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Matthew J Hollocks
- King’s College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Azu MA, Han GT, Wolf JM, Naples AJ, Chawarska K, Dawson G, Bernier RA, Jeste SS, Dziura JD, Webb SJ, Sugar CA, Shic F, McPartland JC. Clinician-caregiver informant discrepancy is associated with sex, diagnosis age, and intervention use among autistic children. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241279999. [PMID: 39344965 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241279999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT In some cases, a clinician's perceptions of a child's autism-related behaviors are not the same as the child's caregiver's perceptions. Identifying how these discrepancies relate to the characteristics of the child is critical for ensuring that diagnosis procedures are unbiased and suitable for all children. This study examined whether discrepancies between clinician and caregiver reports of autism features related to the child's sex at birth. We also explored how the discrepancies related to the age at which the child received their autism diagnosis and how much intervention they received. We found that clinicians rated autism features higher than caregivers for boys and rated autism features lower than caregivers for girls. In addition, lower clinician relative to parent ratings was related to being diagnosed at an older age and receiving less intervention. These findings suggest that there is more to learn about the presentation of autism-related behaviors in girls. When caregiver and clinician ratings of autism features do not align, it may be important to consider caregivers' ratings to obtain a more accurate picture of the child's autism features and the support they may need.
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Weng X, Gao MM, Cao H, Han ZR. Linking Parent-Adolescent Congruence in Perceived Parental Emotional Support to Adolescent Developmental Outcomes: The More, the Better? J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02081-9. [PMID: 39298097 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Parents and their children can have congruent or incongruent perceptions of parenting, which has been shown to have downstream effects on certain adolescent outcomes. However, little is known about whether such effect holds for various domains of developmental outcomes or across adolescent boys and girls. Investigating 2268 parent-girl (Mage = 15.73, SDage = 0.29, 75.5% were mothers) and 2090 parent-boy (Mage = 15.75, SDage = 0.29, 71.8% were mothers) dyads from Hong Kong, this study examined the associations between parent-adolescent (in)congruence and adolescent emotional symptoms, positive emotions, and academic performance. Polynomial regression and response surface analyses revealed that both congruence and incongruence were linked to emotional symptoms and positive emotions in varying patterns, but only congruence was tied to academic performance. Associations between (in)congruence and developmental outcomes generally were similar between boys and girls. These findings underscore the importance of decomposing (in)congruence effects in family processes and emphasizing the complexity of adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University. No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Miranda Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University. No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, Beijing, China.
| | - Huiting Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University. No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Rachel Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University. No. 19, XinJieKouWai Street, Beijing, China.
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Budagzad-Jacobson RS, Musicaro RM, Marin CE, Silverman WK, Lebowitz ER. Family Accommodation in Anxious Irritable and Anxious Nonirritable Youth. Behav Ther 2024; 55:913-921. [PMID: 39174269 PMCID: PMC11341947 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Family accommodation is a significant contributor to the maintenance and course of youth anxiety. There is also high co-occurrence of anxiety and irritability in youth. Research is lacking, however, on the influence of irritability in the association between anxiety and family accommodation, including among youth with clinically diagnosed anxiety disorders. We therefore examined this issue in a sample of clinic-referred anxious irritable and anxious nonirritable youth. Youth (N = 645, Mage = 9.86 years, SD = 2.92) and their parents completed diagnostic interviews and questionnaires assessing youth anxiety, irritability, and family accommodation. Based on both youth and parent ratings, family accommodation was significantly and positively associated with youth anxiety and irritability. Anxious irritable youth rated family accommodation significantly higher than anxious nonirritable youth. In addition, youth self-rated irritability levels significantly moderated the association between their anxiety and family accommodation. No moderation effect was found for the parent ratings. Based on the youth ratings, our overall findings show that parents of anxious irritable youth are more accommodating of their children's anxiety, compared with parents of anxious nonirritable youth. Anxiety levels also predict family accommodation more strongly in youth with lower levels of irritability. Our findings provide novel insights about accommodation behaviors in families of anxious irritable youth and suggest its potential utility as a treatment target when working with anxious irritable youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla E Marin
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
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8
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Turgeon J, Racine N, McDonald S, Tough S, Madigan S. Maternal adverse childhood experiences, child resilience factors, and child mental health problems: A multi-wave study. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106927. [PMID: 38970861 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that maternal ACEs have intergenerational consequences for offspring mental health. However, very few studies have investigated moderators of this association. OBJECTIVES The objective of this longitudinal study was to examine whether child resilience factors moderated the association between maternal ACEs prior to age 18, and child-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and inattention. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The current study used data from 910 mother-child dyads. Participants were recruited in pregnancy from 2008 to 2010 as part of a longitudinal cohort study. METHODS Mothers had previously completed an ACEs questionnaire and reported on their child's resilience factors at child age 8-years. Children completed questionnaires about their mental health problems (symptoms of anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and attention problems) at ages 10 and 10.5 years. Four moderation models were performed in total. RESULTS Results revealed that maternal ACEs predicted child-reported symptoms of anxiety (β = 0.174, p = .02) and depression (β = 0.37, p = .004). However, both these associations were moderated by higher levels of perceived child resilience factors (β = -0.29, p = .02, β = -0.33, p = .008, respectively). Specifically, there was no association between maternal ACEs and child mental health problems in the context of moderate and high levels of child resilience factors. CONCLUSIONS Children who have the ability to solicit support from internal and external sources (e.g., being creative, setting realistic goals, making friends easily) may be buffered against the consequences of maternal ACEs on anxiety and depression. Thus, the effects of maternal ACEs on child mental health problems are not deterministic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Turgeon
- University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Nicole Racine
- University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B, Canada
| | - Sheila McDonald
- University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Suzanne Tough
- University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W. Calgary, AB, Canada.
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McKay EA, Mattheus D, Fontenot HB. Mental Health Interventions in Middle Schools: A 10-Year Review of Research. J Sch Nurs 2024:10598405241265904. [PMID: 39090789 DOI: 10.1177/10598405241265904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Schools can play an important role in addressing growing concerns about adolescent mental health. Mental health of high school students has predominantly been the focus in literature with less emphasis on younger adolescents. This review identified articles published in the last decade that described evaluations of middle school-based mental health interventions and randomized participants to an intervention or control condition. Fourteen interventions met the inclusion criteria. About two-thirds of interventions were based on mindfulness or cognitive behavioral therapy. Many trials utilized racially diverse, low-income samples. All interventions were delivered to groups, and three contained a parent component. Five trials increased rigor by using an active control condition. Almost two-thirds of the interventions were effective (p < .10) in reducing at least one depression, anxiety, affect, or internalizing symptom outcome compared to a control group. This article provides information about intervention characteristics, efficacy, theoretical framework, and acceptability/feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Anne McKay
- University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Solomont School of Nursing, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Mattheus
- Nancy Atmospera-Walch School of Nursing, University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Nursing, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Holly B Fontenot
- Nancy Atmospera-Walch School of Nursing, University of Hawaii at Manoa, School of Nursing, Honolulu, HI, USA
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10
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Fite PJ, Evans SC, Tampke EC, Griffith R. Parent, Teacher, and Youth Reports on Measures of Reactive and Proactive Aggression. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2024; 53:957-979. [PMID: 39184020 PMCID: PMC11343083 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-023-09780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Background More research is needed to improve measurement selection and to better understand informant differences in reports of reactive and proactive aggression. Objective Toward this goal, the current study evaluated the psychometrics (i.e., reliability, factor structure, and validity) and correlates of two measures of reactive and proactive aggression (i.e., Dodge & Coie, in J Pers Soc Psychol 53:1146, 1987; Raine et al. in Aggress Behav 32:15-171, 2006) across three informants (i.e., parent, teacher, and youth). Method Parent, teacher and youth reports of measures were collected in a community recruited sample of 9-12 year-old youth (M = 10.44; 56% male). Results Both measures demonstrated adequate to good internal consistency by parent- and teacher-report, and borderline to adequate internal consistency by youth-report. Additionally, aggression subscales were correlated within and across measures and informants, and an appropriate 2-factor structure was identified for both measures across informants. Consistent with prior research, reactive aggression was more robustly associated with depression symptoms and effortful control than proactive aggression across measures, but there were some links with proactive aggression. Conclusions Overall findings suggest that both measures are psychometrically appropriate to use with parents, teachers, and youth. However, there were distinctions between the two measures, and relying solely on youth reports in this age group is not recommended. Further, there are unique associations evident with various informants, supporting the need for multiple informants when assessing functions of aggression in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J. Fite
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, KU Child Behavior Lab, University of Kansas, Dole HDC Rm2012, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Spencer C. Evans
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, KU Child Behavior Lab, University of Kansas, Dole HDC Rm2012, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Tampke
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, KU Child Behavior Lab, University of Kansas, Dole HDC Rm2012, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Rebecca Griffith
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, KU Child Behavior Lab, University of Kansas, Dole HDC Rm2012, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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11
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Deng J, Shou Y, Wang MC, Allen JL, Gao Y, Hawes DJ. Core features of callous-unemotional traits: a cross-cultural comparison of youth in four countries. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2681-2693. [PMID: 38180536 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
With considerable debate concerning the impact of culture on the expression of callous-unemotional (CU) traits, it is unclear whether the core features of CU traits generalize to youth across cultures. This study aimed to examine whether cultural differences are reflected in the core features of CU traits and the associations among these features. Network analysis was employed to identify the core features and to examine the network structure of CU traits operationalized by the Inventory of Callous Unemotional traits (ICU) in four community youth samples from different nations (Australia, N = 190; the UK, N = 437; the USA, N = 330; China, N = 503). The item "Apologizes to people" was identified as a cross-cultural core feature in the ICU network with a greater centrality of this item compared to others in all four samples. In addition, some items were identified as culture-specific core features in the network, differing in their centrality across samples. The network structures of the youth self-report ICU items were moderately similar across samples, while the structures of parent-report items showed substantial differences. These findings have important implications for cross-cultural research on CU traits as well as practical implications for screening and treatment. The core features of ICU appear to be generalizable in youth across cultures, although cultural-specific manifestations should be noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Deng
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyun Shou
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lloyd's Register Foundation Institute for the Public Understanding of Risk, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meng-Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Yu Gao
- Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - David J Hawes
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Figueiredo P, Azeredo A, Barroso R, Barbosa F. Callous-Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems in Children: The Role of Strength and Positive Characteristics. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:609. [PMID: 39062432 PMCID: PMC11273631 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the development of Conduct Problems from childhood to adolescence. Understanding behavior problems also requires an understanding of well-regulated characteristics. Focusing our assessment on strengths makes it possible, on the one hand, to help children or adolescents with deficits in important areas (e.g., socio-emotional deficits) to develop emotional regulation skills and adapt their responses to different contexts. This study aims to understand the role of self-competence, self-regulation, empathy, and responsibility (strength variables) in the relationship between Callous Unemotional characteristics and Conduct Problems, with a sample of 236 children aged between 3 and 10 years (M = 7.51, SD = 1.63), through mediation analysis. In general, our findings suggest that self-regulation significantly explains the relationship between the callous dimension of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems, pointing out that this strength variable seems to act as a protective factor against the development of behavior problems. No other mediation effects were found, and these results are considered in light of some limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.A.)
| | - Andreia Azeredo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.A.)
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Center of Psychology, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- U.North Psychology Consortium, Portugal
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.A.)
- U.North Psychology Consortium, Portugal
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13
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Gowans L, Ritchie T, Rogers MA, Jiang Y, Climie EA, Mah JWT, Corkum P, Krause A, Parvanova M. The Association Between the Impact of COVID-19 and Internalizing Problems Among Children and Adolescents with ADHD: The Moderating Role of Parental Anxiety. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01732-z. [PMID: 38992329 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has identified an increase in internalizing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Additionally, it has been observed that parents of children with ADHD had elevated levels of anxiety during the pandemic. The current study aimed to longitudinally assess whether the impact of COVID-19 was associated with internalizing problems in children and adolescents with ADHD during the middle (Time 1-Spring 2021 [T1]) and end (Time 2-Fall/Winter 2022 [T2]) of the pandemic, and whether parental anxiety moderated this relationship over time. Canadian parents of youth with ADHD (aged 3-18 years old) completed online questionnaires assessing their child's depression and anxiety symptoms, their own anxiety symptoms, and the pandemic's impact on their child, both at T1 (N = 278) and T2 (N = 89). The results indicated that the impact of COVID-19 on children at T1 was a unique predictor of child internalizing problems at T1 but not at T2. While parental anxiety did not moderate this association cross-sectionally, it was a significant moderator longitudinally. More specifically, low parental anxiety at T1 positively moderated the association between the COVID-19 impact on children at T1 and child internalizing problems at T2. The results highlight the importance of providing on-going psychological support for children and adolescents with ADHD and emphasize the need to aid parents in effectively supporting their children during the process of pandemic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Gowans
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tessa Ritchie
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Maria A Rogers
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, University Endowment Lands, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emma A Climie
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Janet W T Mah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, University Endowment Lands, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Penny Corkum
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amanda Krause
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marina Parvanova
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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14
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Habibi Asgarabad M, Steinsbekk S, Hartung CM, Wichstrøm L. Reciprocal relations between dimensions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity and anxiety disorders from preschool age to adolescence: sex differences in a birth cohort sample. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38965813 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms of anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are prospectively related from childhood to adolescence. However, whether the two dimensions of ADHD-inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity-are differentially related to anxiety and whether there are developmental and sex/gender differences in these relations are unknown. METHODS Two birth cohorts of Norwegian children were assessed biennially from ages 4 to 16 (N = 1,077; 49% girls) with diagnostic parent interviews used to assess symptoms of anxiety and ADHD. Data were analyzed using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, adjusting for all unobserved time-invariant confounding effects. RESULTS In girls, increased inattention, but not hyperactivity-impulsivity, predicted increased anxiety 2 years later across all time-points and increased anxiety at ages 12 and 14 predicted increased inattention but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. In boys, increased hyperactivity-impulsivity at ages 6 and 8, but not increased inattention, predicted increased anxiety 2 years later, whereas increased anxiety did not predict increased inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS The two ADHD dimensions were differentially related to anxiety, and the relations were sex-specific. In girls, inattention may be involved in the development of anxiety throughout childhood and adolescence and anxiety may contribute to girls developing more inattention beginning in early adolescence. In boys, hyperactivity-impulsivity may be involved in the development of anxiety during the early school years. Effective treatment of inattention symptoms in girls may reduce anxiety risk at all time-points, while addressing anxiety may decrease inattention during adolescence. Similarly, treating hyperactivity-impulsivity may reduce anxiety risk in boys during late childhood (at ages 8-10).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silje Steinsbekk
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Lars Wichstrøm
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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15
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Hogan CM, Merrill SM, Hernandez Valencia E, McHayle AA, Sisitsky MD, McDermott JM, Parent J. The Impact of Early Life Adversity on Peripubertal Accelerated Epigenetic Aging and Psychopathology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00352-6. [PMID: 38969335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal associations between early life threat and deprivation on epigenetic age acceleration at ages 9 and 15 years, and to examine associations of age acceleration on later internalizing and externalizing symptoms. METHOD The study examines a large (n = 2,039) and racially diverse (Black/African American = 44%, Latino = 18%, White = 5%) sample from a national dataset. Epigenetic age acceleration was estimated using the pediatric buccal epigenetic clock. Early life threat and deprivation were measured using composites from the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale and county-level violent and property crime rate data. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms came from parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist. Path analysis models examined associations of threat and deprivation at age 3 years on epigenetic age acceleration at ages 9 and 15. Experiences of threat were further broken down into threat experienced in the home and in the community. RESULTS Home threat experienced at age 3 years predicted age acceleration at 9 and 15, and community threat experienced at 3 predicted age acceleration at 15, but not at 9. Deprivation was not a significant predictor of accelerated aging. Age acceleration at age 9 predicted externalizing, but not internalizing, symptoms at age 15. Community threat had a direct effect on externalizing. No association emerged with internalizing. CONCLUSION Findings revealed that threat, not deprivation, was predictive of age acceleration, demonstrating support for this pattern longitudinally, using an epigenetic clock that is accurate in children. The findings provide critical nuance to the examination of threat, and highlight associated risks and possible intervention points for externalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah M Merrill
- Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Allison A McHayle
- Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | | | - Justin Parent
- Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island; Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital, East Providence, Rhode Island
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16
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Walker SA, MacCann C. Faking Good on Self-Reports Versus Informant-Reports of Emotional Intelligence. Assessment 2024; 31:1011-1019. [PMID: 37837364 PMCID: PMC11134977 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231203960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Research demonstrates that people can fake on self-rated emotional intelligence scales. As yet, no studies have investigated whether informants (where a knowledgeable informant rates a target's emotional intelligence) can also fake on emotional intelligence inventories. This study compares mean score differences for a simulated job selection versus a standard instructed set for both self-ratings and informant-ratings on the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF). In a 2 × 2 between-person design, participants (N = 81 community volunteers, 151 university students) completed the TEIQue-SF as either self-report or informant-report in one of two instruction conditions (answer honestly, job simulation). Both self-reports (d = 1.47) and informant-reports (d = 1.56) were significantly higher for job simulation than "answer honestly" instructions, indicating substantial faking. We conclude that people can fake emotional intelligence for both themselves (self-report) and on behalf of someone else (informant-report). We discuss the relevance of our findings for self- and informant-report assessment in applied contexts.
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17
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Meier-Faust E, Watermann R. Perceiver Effects and Socioeconomic Background: Contrasting Parent-Reports against Teacher-Reports of Elementary School Students' Personality. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:482-495. [PMID: 38054602 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2286449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Familial socioeconomic background can impact not only academic success, but also the personality of offspring. Yet, there is little evidence on whether it might influence how parents describe their children's personality. To fill this gap, we used latent multitrait-multimethod (CTCM-1) models to examine familial socioeconomic background as possible predictor of parental perceiver effects regarding their offspring's personality by contrasting parental assessments against teacher-reports. Study 1 (N = 5,798) investigated reports on elementary school students' Big Five and Study 2 (N = 3,771) focused on school-related personality facets. Socioeconomic status predicted the parental report in both studies. Participation in high-culture arts incrementally predicted parental report over and above socioeconomic status. Specifically, parents with higher participation in high-culture arts rated their children in a more positive light than class teachers. These background specific perceiver effects might reflect both varying personality judgments or actual differences in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Meier-Faust
- Socio-Economic Panel, German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Watermann
- Empirical Research in Education, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Chakranon P, Huang JP, Au HK, Lin CL, Chen YY, Mao SP, Lin WY, Zou ML, Estinfort W, Chen YH. The importance of mother-child interaction on smart device usage and behavior outcomes among toddlers: a longitudinal study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:79. [PMID: 38943161 PMCID: PMC11214231 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, smart devices have become an integral part of daily life. However, longitudinal studies, particularly those regarding the relationship between toddlers' smart device usage and behavioral outcomes, are limited. Understanding the impact of parent-child interactions on this relationship is crucial for enhancing toddlers' developmental outcomes. Accordingly, this study examined the influence of early screen time and media content exposure on toddlers' behaviors, as well as the positive effects of mother-child interactions on this influence. METHODS We used relevant data related to 277 children born between November 2016 and July 2020 and who were part of an ongoing prospective follow-up study conducted across five hospitals in Taipei City, Taiwan. We analyzed (1) data from maternal reports regarding children's behavior by using the Child Behavior Checklist (for ages 11/2-5 years), (2) assessments of mother-child interactions by using the Brigance Parent-Child Interactions Scale, and (3) self-reported parental data covering the first 3 postpartum years. Statistical analyses involved group-based trajectory modeling and multiple linear regression. RESULTS A considerable increase in screen time between the ages of 1 and 3 years was associated with less favorable behavioral outcomes at age 3. These outcomes included somatic complaints [adjusted beta coefficient (aβ) = 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.39-3.95, p-value = 0.01], withdrawal (aβ = 2.42, 95% CI = 0.15-4.69, p-value = 0.04), and aggressive behavior (aβ = 6.53, 95% CI = 0.25-12.81, p-value = 0.04). This association was particularly evident among children with lower levels of mother-child interaction. Nevertheless, positive mother-child interactions mitigated most of the adverse effects. Additionally, increased exposure to games and cartoons was associated with poorer behavioral outcomes in all children except for those experiencing positive mother-child interactions. CONCLUSION Early mother-child interactions play a crucial role in mitigating the risk of behavioral problems in toddlers who spend prolonged periods looking at screens and who are frequently exposed to game and cartoon content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pairote Chakranon
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Pei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Kien Au
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yung Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Peng Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Zou
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wanda Estinfort
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Health Equity, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 10F., Biomedical Technology Building, Shuang-Ho Campus, No. 301, Yuantong Rd., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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19
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Zhai M, Gao W, Feng Y, Jian J, Xu F. Discrepancies in Parent-Child Perception of Parental Control and Associations with Children's Anxiety: The Buffering Effect of Parent-Child Closeness. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02038-y. [PMID: 38937330 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has predominantly relied on single-informant reports to establish the association between parental control and children's anxiety. However, there remains ambiguity regarding the extent to which discrepancies in parent-child reports of parental control are related to children anxiety. This study examined parent-child perceived discrepancies in parental control and their association with children's anxiety, along with the moderated effect of parent-child closeness through cross-sectional and prospective analysis. The sample consisted of 790 children (Mage = 11.34, SD = 6.73, 45.60% for girls), with 741 father-child dyads and 760 mother-child dyads included. Data were analyzed using polynomial regressions with response surface analysis. The results indicated that children tended to perceive higher levels of parental psychological control and lower levels of behavioral control compared to their parents' perceptions. In the cross-sectional analysis, a significant association between greater incongruence in psychological/behavioral control and higher levels of children's anxiety at T1 was observed exclusively in father-child dyads. In prospective analysis, for both father-child and mother-child dyads, congruence in higher levels of psychological control was associated with higher levels of children's anxiety at T2, while congruence in higher levels of behavioral control was associated with lower levels of children's anxiety at T2. Additionally, greater incongruence in psychological/behavioral control was linked to higher levels of children's anxiety at T2. Furthermore, mother-child closeness emerged as a significant moderator such that perceived incongruence in psychological/behavioral control could not affect children's anxiety at T2 in the high mother-child closeness condition. These findings highlight the significance of considering parent-child congruence and incongruence when examining the impact of parental control on children's anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiao Zhai
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxin Gao
- New South Wales Public Schools, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yafei Feng
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingkang Jian
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuzhen Xu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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20
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Hennefield L, Denton EG, Chen PG, Sheftall AH, Ayer L. Preteen Suicide Risk Screening in the Pediatric Outpatient Setting: A Clinical Pathway. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2024:S2667-2960(24)00065-X. [PMID: 38908827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
We are in a youth mental health crisis with unprecedented and staggeringly high rates of suicidal ideations and suicide behaviors in preteens. In the United States, 14.5% of children aged 9-10 have experienced suicidal thoughts and behaviors, including 1.3% with a suicide attempt. American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines call for universal suicide risk screening of youth aged 12 years and older during preventative health care visits and screening in preteens aged 8-11 years when clinically indicated. However, what constitutes a clinical indication at 8-11 years can be difficult to systematically detect, and pediatric practitioners may not be equipped with necessary age-specific assessment tools. This is compounded by the lack of emphasis on preteen suicide risk screening (and focus on adolescents), which leaves practitioners without age-appropriate resources to make clinical determinations for at-risk preteens. The objective of this project was to develop an evidence-informed suicide risk screening pathway for pediatric practitioners to implement with preteen patients in outpatient settings. Suicide risk assessment in younger children (<8 years) is also briefly addressed. We convened a group of researchers and practitioners with expertise in preadolescent suicide, pediatric medicine, behavioral health screening integration with primary care, and child development. They reviewed the empirical literature and existing practice guidelines to iterate on a multi-informant clinical suicide risk screening pathway for preteens that includes both caregivers and preteens in the screening process. We also developed tools and accompanying guidelines for a preteen suicide risk screening workflow and risk determination to aid practitioners in deciding who, when, and how to screen. Finally, we provide scripts for introducing suicide risk screening to caregivers and preteens and to discuss screening findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hennefield
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.
| | - Ellen-Ge Denton
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Arielle H Sheftall
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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21
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Rapee RM, Kuhnert R, Spence SH, Bowsher I, Burns J, Coen J, Dixon J, Kotselas P, Lourey C, McLellan LF, Mihalopoulos C, Peters L, Prendergast T, Roos T, Thomas D, Wuthrich V. The Brief Evaluation of Adolescents and Children Online (BEACON): Psychometric development of a mental health screening measure for school students. J Clin Psychol 2024; 80:1420-1447. [PMID: 38425210 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report measure (BEACON) to inform universal mental health screening in schools. Items assess symptoms and impairment associated with anxiety and attention/hyperactivity problems (grades 4-11) as well as depression and eating difficulties (grades 6-11), with optional items for suicidality and self-harm (grades 7-11). Initial item examination based on Item Response Theory (IRT) and classical test theory involved 3844 students in grades 4 through 11 (Study 1) and identified 18 items for grades 4-5 and 31 items for grades 6-11 that fulfilled pre-set criteria. Study 2 extended testing with 10,479 students in grades 4-11 and added an additional four items assessing impairment associated with eating difficulties for older students (grades 6-11) creating a total of 35 items for grades 6-11. All items, for both grade-level versions, met the pre-set criteria for IRT and classical test theory analysis supporting their strength in the measurement of the dimensions of concern. The measure showed good reliability (subscale alphas .87 to .95). Validity was also demonstrated against standard symptom measures, school grades, school absenteeism, and help-seeking. The BEACON appears to be a psychometrically sound measure to use in the first stage of school-based screening for mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Kuhnert
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan H Spence
- Australian Institute of Suicide Research and Prevention and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian Bowsher
- Sydney Secondary College, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Burns
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Coen
- Wellbeing and CVE, Catholic Schools NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Dixon
- The Mental Health Commission of NSW, Gladesville, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pauline Kotselas
- Psychology and Wellbeing Services, NSW Department of Education, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Lourey
- The Mental Health Commission of NSW, Gladesville, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauren F McLellan
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Monash University Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lorna Peters
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Traci Prendergast
- Psychology and Wellbeing Services, NSW Department of Education, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tiffany Roos
- The Association of Independent Schools of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle Thomas
- Perinatal, Child and Youth, Mental Health Branch, NSW Ministry of Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Viviana Wuthrich
- Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Tombini G, Tobia V, Ghislanzoni L, Gambarini A, Ogliari A, Marzocchi GM. Teachers' report of sense of time in kindergarten predicts children's time-processing skills in first grade. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 59:460-470. [PMID: 38148516 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate if a questionnaire measuring the sense of time, filled in by teachers and parents in the last year of kindergarten, was able to predict children's time-processing skills at the end of 1st grade. The sample included 131 children (initial mean age = 4.77 ± 0.29 years) tested three times in a 2-year period with tasks of time reproduction, time discrimination, and comparison of durations. One of their parents and teachers filled in a questionnaire about children's sense of time both in kindergarten and 1st grade. The teacher version of the questionnaire administered in kindergarten was able to predict most of the time-processing tasks at the end of 1st grade. The parent version of the questionnaire was not able to predict children's performance in these tasks. Different developmental trajectories of time reproduction and time discrimination were observed. This study supports the role of preschool teachers as skilled evaluators of children's time-processing skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tombini
- Developmental Psychopathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Tobia
- Developmental Psychopathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ghislanzoni
- Developmental Psychopathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gambarini
- Developmental Psychopathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ogliari
- Developmental Psychopathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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23
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Sachs R, Nakonezny PA, Balzen KM, Heerschap J, Kennard BD, Emslie GJ, Stewart SM. The effect of parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of familial dysfunction and depression on suicidal ideation in adolescents. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:515-527. [PMID: 38385782 PMCID: PMC11164646 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents and adolescents are often discrepant in their reports of adolescent psychosocial factors. Few studies have addressed parent-adolescent discrepancies in subjective ratings of familial dysfunction and depression as longitudinal predictor variables, and none have done so in a treatment setting for adolescents with acute suicidality. This study examined how parent-adolescent discrepancies in familial dysfunction and depression impact adolescent treatment response in an intensive outpatient program for suicidality. METHODS Adolescents (N = 315) were assessed at treatment entry and exit for familial dysfunction, depression, and suicidal ideation. Parents received parallel assessments of familial dysfunction and adolescent depression at each time point. A polynomial regression was conducted to determine whether parent-adolescent discrepancies in reports of familial dysfunction and depression at entry related to the treatment outcome of adolescent-reported depression and suicide ideation at exit. RESULTS Significant discrepancies were present with on average adolescents reporting more depression and familial dysfunction than parents. Entry discrepancy in familial dysfunction (but not depression) predicted suicide ideation at exit. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that parent-adolescent discrepancies in perception of familial dysfunction is a risk factor for poor outcomes in suicidal youth and might be a fruitful target in treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raney Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Paul A. Nakonezny
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Jessica Heerschap
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Betsy D. Kennard
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Graham J. Emslie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Sunita M. Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Division of Psychology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Psychiatry, Children’s Health Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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24
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Ding Z, Liu RD, Ding Y, Yang Y, Liu J. Parent-child educational aspiration congruence and adolescents' internalizing problems: The moderating effect of SES. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:89-97. [PMID: 38479507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that adolescents and their parents may hold discrepant views about educational aspirations. However, little is known about how these discrepancies affect adolescents' internalizing problems and the moderating effect of SES on the relation between (in)congruence of parent-child educational aspirations and adolescents' internalizing problems. Therefore, this study explored the relation between (in)congruence of parent-child educational aspirations and adolescents' internalizing problems, and further tested the moderating role of SES. Based on two-wave survey data collected from a nationally representative sample of 8194 parent-child dyads in China (51.3 % boys, mean age = 13.58 years), multilevel polynomial regression and response surface analysis were performed to investigate the hypotheses. The results found that (1) internalizing problems were minimal when the two educational aspiration variables were congruent, (2) internalizing problems were the highest when the discrepancy between child educational and parental educational aspirations was largest, and (3) SES moderated the relation between (in)congruence in educational aspirations and adolescents' internalizing problems. The study's results not only comprehensively and intuitively reveal the influence of parents' and children's educational aspirations on adolescents' internalizing problems, but also provide targeted guidance and suggestions regarding parenting practices for families from diverse SES backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zien Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ru-De Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Graduate School of Education, Fordham University, New York, NY 10023, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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25
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Adhikari S, Ma J, Shakya S, Brøndbo PH, Handegård BH, Javo AC. Cross-informant ratings on emotional and behavioral problems in Nepali adolescents: A comparison of adolescents' self-reports with parents' and teachers' reports. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303673. [PMID: 38753741 PMCID: PMC11098339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on cross-informant agreement on adolescents' emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) are sparse in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess parent-adolescent and teacher-adolescent agreement on EBPs and associated factors in Nepal. METHODS This cross-sectional survey included 1904 school-going adolescents aged 11-18, enrolled in government and private schools located in sixteen districts of Nepal. The Nepali versions of the Youth Self Report, Child Behavior Checklist, and Teacher's Report Form were administered to assess EBPs reported by adolescents, their parents, and teachers, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to assess mean differences in problem scores. Pearson's correlation was used to assess cross-informant agreement. Linear regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with cross-informant discrepancies in EBPs. RESULTS Adolescents reported significantly more problems than their parents and teachers. Mean Total Problem scores for the 90 common items in the adolescents' self-reports, parent reports, and teacher reports were 34.5 (standard deviation [SD]: 21.4), 24.1 (SD = 19.2), and 20.2 (SD = 17.5) respectively. Parent-adolescent agreement on Total Problems was moderate, whereas teacher-adolescent agreement was low. The parent-adolescent agreement was moderate to low for the two broadband scales and all syndrome scales, whereas the teacher-adolescent agreement was low for all scales. Female gender and ethnic minority status impacted both parent-adolescent and teacher-adolescent discrepancies. Family stress/conflicts impacted parent-adolescent discrepancies, while academic performance impacted teacher-adolescent discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS Nepali adolescents reported more EBPs than their parents and teachers. The agreement between adolescents' self-reports and reports by their parents and teachers was moderate to low. Gender, caste/ethnicity, family stress/conflicts, and academic performance were associated with cross-informant discrepancies. It is crucial to collect information from different sources, consider context-specific needs, and discern factors influencing cross-informant discrepancies to accurately assess adolescents' EBPs and develop personalized approaches to treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirjana Adhikari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- CWIN-Nepal, Ravi Bhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jasmine Ma
- CWIN-Nepal, Ravi Bhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suraj Shakya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Per Håkan Brøndbo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Helge Handegård
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Cecilie Javo
- Sami National Competence Center for Mental Health (SANKS), Sami Klinihkka, Finnmark Hospital Trust, Karasjok, Norway
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26
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Smith JV, McQuaid GA, Wallace GL, Neuhaus E, Lopez A, Ratto AB, Jack A, Khuu A, Webb SJ, Verbalis A, Pelphrey KA, Kenworthy L. Time is of the essence: Age at autism diagnosis, sex assigned at birth, and psychopathology. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241249878. [PMID: 38725306 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241249878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that girls/women are diagnosed later than boys/men with autism. Individuals who are diagnosed later in life, especially girls/women, have greater anxious and depressive symptoms. Previous research has been limited due to narrow inclusionary criteria for enrollment in studies. The present study uses two samples-one clinic-based, large "real-world" sample and another research-based sample with strict criteria for autism diagnosis-to understand the relationships between diagnostic age, sex assigned at birth, and symptoms of anxiety/depression. In both samples, those who were diagnosed later had greater anxious/depressive symptoms, and anxiety was not predicted by sex. In the clinic-based but not research-based sample, those assigned female at birth were diagnosed later than those assigned male at birth. In the clinic-based sample only, individuals assigned female at birth and who were later diagnosed experienced greater symptoms of anxiety/depression compared to those assigned male who benefited from earlier diagnostic timing. Within the research-based sample, those assigned female at birth had greater depressive symptoms than those assigned male. These findings highlight the importance of timely identification of autism, especially for girls/women who are often diagnosed later. Community-based samples are needed to better understand real-world sex-based and diagnostic age-based disparities in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica V Smith
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
| | | | - Gregory L Wallace
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, USA
| | - Emily Neuhaus
- Center on Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, USA
| | - Andrea Lopez
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
| | - Allison B Ratto
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
| | - Allison Jack
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, USA
| | - Alexis Khuu
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
| | - Sara J Webb
- Center on Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, USA
| | - Alyssa Verbalis
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
| | | | - Lauren Kenworthy
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, USA
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27
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Kalmijn M. Discrepancies in parents' perceptions of adult children's well-being: evidence from mother-father-child triads. JOURNAL OF FAMILY STUDIES 2024; 30:838-860. [PMID: 39319027 PMCID: PMC11418899 DOI: 10.1080/13229400.2024.2335493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Most studies of discrepancies in parents' reports about children's psychological problems address younger children and psychological problems. The current contribution shifts the focus to adult children and to well-being. In adult intergenerational relationships, knowledge of children's well-being is more uncertain and there is more room for disagreements to arise, especially in the context of divorce. We analyzed Dutch multi-actor survey data, using a sample of triads of adult children, fathers, and mothers (N = 1,440). Two hypotheses were tested about the origins of discrepancies using structural equation models in which child well-being reports were included of parents and self-reports of children. The analyses supported the notion of relational specificity: when parents have a closer and more harmonious relationship with the child, they evaluate the child more positively than the other parent, after controlling for adult children's self-reports of well-being. Qualified support was obtained for the depression-distortion hypothesis, with mothers who have higher well-being themselves being more positive about the child. Discrepancies were larger among separated parents than among married parents and parent-stepparent combinations. The conclusion is that parents do not always have similar views of adult children's well-being and that disagreements are systematic, with bias stemming from the informant and the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Kalmijn
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI)-KNAW/University of Groningen, The Hague, Netherlands
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28
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Cotter G, Morreale K, Valdegas A, Fish M, Beebe R, Grasso D, Stover C, Tseng WL. Associations between trauma exposure and irritability within the family unit: a network approach. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38710637 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric irritability is a pervasive psychiatric symptom, yet its etiology remains elusive. While trauma exposure may contribute to the development of irritability, empirical research is limited. This study examined the prevalence of irritability among trauma-exposed children, identified factors that differentiate trauma-exposed children with and without irritability, and employed a network analysis to uncover associations between irritability and trauma exposure in the family unit. METHODS Sample included 676 children (56.3% male, mean age = 9.67 ± 3.7 years) and their parents referred by the Connecticut Department of Children and Families to Fathers for Change - a psychotherapy intervention designed to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment. Child's trauma exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and irritability were assessed pre-intervention using self- and caregiver-report. Parents self-reported their childhood and adulthood trauma exposures, PTSD symptoms, irritability, psychopathology, and IPV. RESULTS Across caregiver- and child-reports, 16%-17% of children exhibited irritability. Irritable children experienced greater trauma exposure, interpersonal violence, emotional abuse, and PTSD severity. They had caregivers, particularly mothers, with greater trauma histories, IPV, and psychopathology. Network analysis revealed 10 nodes directly correlated to child's irritability including child's PTSD severity, parental IPV (specifically psychological violence), and parental psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS Results provide initial empirical evidence that pediatric irritability is linked to trauma exposure, suggesting trauma histories be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of irritability. Interventions addressing caregiver trauma, IPV, and psychopathology may ameliorate pediatric irritability. Future studies could benefit from adopting network approaches with longitudinal or time series data to elucidate causality and points of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Cotter
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristina Morreale
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Meghan Fish
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca Beebe
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Damion Grasso
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Carla Stover
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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29
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Phillips JJ, Roche MJ, Ann Bell M. The Utility of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale in Maternal Samples: A Brief Report. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:328-336. [PMID: 37753946 PMCID: PMC10965509 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2258961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Maternal personality plays a role in how a mother parents her children and adolescents. Current trait-based measures of personality are acceptable for use in maternal samples, but the presence or absence of given personality traits might not be enough to describe how personality relates to parenting. The Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) could serve as a solution, as it was designed to capture level of dysfunction in personality without being reliant on specific personality traits. Research, however, has yet to demonstrate the LPFS as a useful measure of personality in maternal samples, thus the goal of this study. A sample of 123 mothers reported on behavioral problems in their adolescent-aged children and their own personality using both a trait-based measure and the LPFS. Our data showed that maternal reports on the LPFS were associated with maternal perceptions of adolescent behavioral problems, in addition to being an acceptable measure of personality in our maternal sample. We also provide support for incremental validity of the LPFS in our sample, as the LPFS uniquely predicted maternal perceptions of adolescent behavioral problems even after controlling for maternal personality traits. Our results are discussed in light of the limitations of the extant work on maternal personality and add to the literature by demonstrating that the LPFS is an acceptable and ubiquitous measure of personality in maternal samples.
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30
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Connors EH, Childs AW, Douglas S, Jensen-Doss A. Data-Informed Communication: How Measurement-Based Care Can Optimize Child Psychotherapy. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s10488-024-01372-4. [PMID: 38662178 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-024-01372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Measurement-based care (MBC) research and practice, including clinical workflows and systems to support MBC, are grounded in adult-serving mental health systems. MBC research evidence is building in child and adolescent services, but MBC practice is inherently more complex due to identified client age, the family system and the need to involve multiple reporters. This paper seeks to address a gap in the literature by providing practical guidance for youth-serving clinicians implementing MBC with children and their families. We focus on MBC as a data-informed, client-centered communication process, and present three key strategies to enhance usual care child and adolescent psychotherapy via developmentally-appropriate MBC. These strategies include (1) go beyond standardized measures; (2) lean into discrepancies; and (3) get curious together. Case-based examples drawn from various child-serving settings illustrate these key strategies of MBC in child psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber W Childs
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan Douglas
- Department of Leadership, Policy, and Organizations, Vanderbilt University, Peabody College, Nashville, TN, USA
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31
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Harris JL, LeBeau B, Petersen IT. Reactive and control processes in the development of internalizing and externalizing problems across early childhood to adolescence. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38584292 PMCID: PMC11458827 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Reactive and control processes - e.g., negative emotionality and immediacy preference - may predict distinct psychopathology trajectories. However, externalizing and internalizing problems change in behavioral manifestation across development and across contexts, thus necessitating the use of different measures and informants across ages. This is the first study that created developmental scales for both internalizing and externalizing problems by putting scores from different informants and measures onto the same scale to examine temperament facets as risk factors. Multidimensional linking allowed us to examine trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems from ages 2 to 15 years (N = 1,364) using near-annual ratings by mothers, fathers, teachers, other caregivers, and self report. We examined reactive and control processes in early childhood as predictors of the trajectories and as predictors of general versus specific psychopathology in adolescence. Negative emotionality at age 4 predicted general psychopathology and unique externalizing problems at age 15. Wait times on an immediacy preference task at age 4 were negatively associated with age 15 general psychopathology, and positively associated with unique internalizing problems. Findings demonstrate the value of developmental scaling for examining development of psychopathology across a lengthy developmental span and the importance of considering reactive and control processes in development of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L. Harris
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa
| | - Brandon LeBeau
- Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, University of Iowa
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32
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Mutiso V, Ndetei DM, Musyimi C, Shanley J, Swahn M, Bhui K. Towards agreement amongst parents, teachers and children on perceived psychopathology in children in a Kenyan socio-cultural context: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:259. [PMID: 38580991 PMCID: PMC10998386 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05679-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to determine levels of agreement between parents, teachers and children on mental symptoms in the children. Teachers, children and parents constitute the TRIAD in the perception of psychopathology in children. Analyzing the perceptions of psychopathology from the perspectives of parents, teachers, and children is essential for a comprehensive understanding of a child's mental health. METHODS We identified 195 participants across ten randomly sampled primary schools in South East Kenya. Potential participants were randomly selected and a sampling interval calculated to determine the study participants. The children (Class 5-8; aged 11-14) completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) scale, the parents the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) on their children and the teachers completed the Teachers Rating Form (TRF) on the children. Only parents and teachers who gave consent as well as children who gave assent were included in the study. Analysis was conducted using Stata 14.1 and Pearson correlation coefficients used to calculate the correlations between CBCL, YSR and TRF. RESULTS The children agreed least with the parents and more with the teachers. There was a greater agreement between the children and their teachers in 5 (2 internalizing disorders and 3 externalizing disorders) out of the 8 conditions. Children and parents agreed only on somatic disorders and conduct disorders. YSR mean scores were significantly lower than those for CBCL for all problem scales. Mean scores of TRF and YSR were comparable in the majority of the problems measured. CONCLUSION We suggest broad-based psychoeducation to include children, parents/guardians and teachers to enhance shared awareness of psychopathology and uptake of treatment and for the consideration of an integrated mental health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mutiso
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David M Ndetei
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Christine Musyimi
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
- World Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jenelle Shanley
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, USA
| | - Monica Swahn
- Department of Health Promotion and Physical Education, Wellstar College of Health & Human Services, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Kamaldeep Bhui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, England, UK
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33
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Amaro J, Costa R, Popovic M, Maule MM, Mehlum IS, Lucas R. Association of child neurodevelopmental or behavioural problems with maternal unemployment in a population-based birth cohort. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:643-655. [PMID: 36967439 PMCID: PMC10960748 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate associations between suspected or diagnosed neurodevelopmental or behavioural problems in 7-year-old children and maternal unemployment at child age 7 and 10, in a Portuguese birth cohort. METHODS We evaluated 5754 mothers and their children of the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI in Porto, Portugal. Data on suspected and diagnosed child neurodevelopmental and behavioural problems (exposures)-learning, attention and language problems, externalising behaviours, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorders, and other neurodevelopmental problems-were retrieved at 7 years of age by interviewing caregivers. Maternal employment status (outcome) was collected at the 7- and 10-year follow-up waves. Robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations. RESULTS After adjustment for maternal and household characteristics, women were more likely to be unemployed at child age 10 if the child had, up to age 7, any of the following suspected problems: an autism spectrum disorder (PR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.07, 2.79), developmental delay (PR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.20, 2.06), externalising behaviours (PR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.11, 1.50) or learning problems (PR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.07, 1.48). When the exposure was restricted to clinically diagnosed disorders, the magnitude of associations remained similar but estimates were less precise. Associations with unemployment were stronger at child age 10 (prospective analyses), than at child age 7 (cross-sectional). CONCLUSION Having a child with learning, developmental or behavioural problems, or an autism spectrum disorder up to age 7 was associated with maternal unemployment three years later, even in a less affluent European economy where the dual-earner family structure is often necessary to make ends meet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Amaro
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Costa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab (HEI-Lab), Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maja Popovic
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Milena Maria Maule
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute for Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Raquel Lucas
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
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Ansar N, Nissen Lie HA, Stiegler JR. The effects of emotion-focused skills training on parental mental health, emotion regulation and self-efficacy: Mediating processes between parents and children. Psychother Res 2024; 34:518-537. [PMID: 37311111 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2218539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Emotion-Focused Skills Training (EFST) is a short-term parental intervention based on humanistic principles. While studies have demonstrated the efficacy of EFST in alleviating child mental health symptoms, the mechanisms by which this happens is less clear. The present study investigated whether program participation led to improvements in the parents' own mental health, emotion regulation, and self-efficacy, and compared two versions of EFST: one experiential involving evocative techniques, and one psychoeducational involving didactic teaching of skills. Further, this study investigated whether improvements in parent outcomes mediated the effects on children's mental health. All parents received 2-days group training and 6 h of individual supervision. Methods: 313 parents (Mage = 40.5, 75.1% mothers) of 236 children (ages 6-13, 60.6% boys) with mental health difficulties within the clinical range and their teachers (N = 113, 82% female) were included. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-, 8- and 12-months follow-up. Results: Multilevel analysis showed significant improvements over time on all parental outcomes with large effects (drange0.6-1.1, ps < .001), with fathers benefitting more in terms of emotion regulation and self-efficacy (ps < .05). Significant differences were found between conditions on parental mental health and self-efficacy (all p's > .05). Cross-lagged panel models showed indirect effects of child symptoms at post-intervention on all parental outcomes at 12-months follow-up (βrange0.30-0.59, ps < .05). Bidirectional associations were observed between children's mental health symptoms and parental self-efficacy (βrange0.13-0.30, ps < .05). Conclusion: This study provides support for the effect of EFST on parent outcomes and the reciprocal relationship between the mental health of children's and their parents.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03807336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ansar
- Department of Research and Development, Norwegian Institute of Emotion-Focused Therapy, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Reidar Stiegler
- Department of Research and Development, Norwegian Institute of Emotion-Focused Therapy, Bergen, Norway
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35
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Aitken M, Plamondon A, Krzeczkowski J, Kil H, Andrade BF. Systematic Integration of Multi-Informant Externalizing Ratings in Clinical Settings. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:635-644. [PMID: 37787879 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Best practice clinical assessment of externalizing problems often necessitates collection of information from parents, youth themselves, and teachers. The present study tested the predictive validity of a psychometrically-driven scoring procedure to integrate multi-informant, dimensional ratings of externalizing problems. Participants were 2264 clinic-referred youth ages 6-18. Parents, teachers, and youth completed questionnaire ratings of externalizing problems (hyperactivity-inattention, conduct problems, and oppositionality-defiance) prior to an initial clinical appointment. The predictive validity of simple (highest informant rating; and all informant ratings separately) and more complex (latent S-1 bifactor model with specific informant factors; and moderated nonlinear factor analysis accounting for child age and sex) methods of informant integration was tested in predicting impairment, comorbidity, and number of clinical encounters. A simple model, in which all informant ratings were included, showed the best predictive validity across outcomes, performing as well or better than the use of the highest informant ratings or more complex latent variable models. The addition of child age and sex as moderators in the factor model did not improve predictive validity. Each informant (parent, teacher, and youth) contributes important information to the prediction of clinically-relevant outcomes. There is insufficient evidence at present to suggest that complex latent variable models should be favored over simpler models that preserve each informant's ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Aitken
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada.
| | - André Plamondon
- Département des Fondements et Pratiques en Éducation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - John Krzeczkowski
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, Saint Catherine's, Canada
| | - Hali Kil
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Brendan F Andrade
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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36
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Buderer C, Kirsch T, Pérez T, Swenson CC, Fürstenau U, Rhiner B, Schmid M. Child and family characteristics in multisystemic therapy for child abuse and neglect (MST-CAN): Are there associations with treatment outcome? JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2024; 50:453-476. [PMID: 38409887 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Evidence-based indication for targeted interventions is a central approach in the field of child welfare and psychotherapy. This study explored the characteristics of children and families referred to Multisystemic Therapy for Child Abuse and Neglect (MST-CAN) in Switzerland and their associations with treatment outcomes. We sought to identify subgroups of children and families referred to MST-CAN and understand their specific needs and alignment with the program. We identified five distinct subgroups of children: (a) those characterized by clinically significant "social withdrawal" and "anxiety/depression," (b) with multiple clinically significant emotional and behavioral problems, (c) with predominantly externalizing problems, (d) with no pathological findings at all, with parents who were less stressed and had fewer mental health problems, and (e) with mainly internalizing problems and parents whose mental health problems deteriorated during treatment. Investigating the fit of children and families referred to treatment programs can enhance the understanding of their healthcare needs and enable more individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Buderer
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Services Aargau AG, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Tom Kirsch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tania Pérez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cynthia Cupit Swenson
- Division of Global and Community Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ute Fürstenau
- Mental Health Service for Children and Adolescents, Psychiatric Services Hospital Thurgau AG, Weinfelden, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Rhiner
- Mental Health Service for Children and Adolescents, Psychiatric Services Hospital Thurgau AG, Weinfelden, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schmid
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Seneldir A, Akirmak U, Halfon S. Cross-Informant Compatibility of Depression Symptoms in Children: A Network Approach. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:308-319. [PMID: 35916982 PMCID: PMC10891223 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing multiple informants to assess children's depressive symptoms increases diagnostic accuracy, reliability, and validity of inferences. However, previous studies have found low to moderate agreement among informants. We applied network statistics to gain insight into children and their mothers' differential perceptions of depressive symptoms. The sample included children and mother dyads (n = 185) who applied to psychotherapy services at an outpatient university clinic. Mothers filled out the Child Behavior Checklist, which includes a depression subscale, and children filled out the Children's Depression Inventory. We computed association networks for thirteen depressive symptoms separately for children and mothers using the graphical LASSO. Sadness had the highest strength centrality in the networks of both children and mothers, but the pattern of connectivity and centrality of other symptoms differed. We discussed our findings within the framework of network theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Seneldir
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Umit Akirmak
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Halfon
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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38
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Chiu AW, Desai P, Skriner L, Catarozoli C, Sullivan P, Bennett SM. Youth Top Problems in an Acute Psychiatric Sample: Describing Consumer-Nominated Treatment Needs in an Adolescent Partial Hospital Setting. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:520-530. [PMID: 36074210 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the wide range of diagnostic presentations treated in partial hospital programs, finding efficient ways to identify and measure progress on the chief concerns of consumers in these settings is important. The current study uses a self-administered version of the Top Problems Assessment to describe treatment targets identified by youth and their caregivers presenting for care at an adolescent partial hospital setting. Caregiver-youth agreement on these chief concerns upon admission and predictors of agreement were explored. About one-third (34.65%) of caregiver-youth pairs did not match on any target problems. Although anxiety and depression were the most commonly cited top problems in this sample, caregivers and youth exhibited disagreement on these domains. Treatment teams in acute care settings such as a partial hospital program can benefit from careful assessment surrounding the initial goals of treatment as youth and their caregivers may not agree on the referral problems upon entering a program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela W Chiu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 315 East 62nd Street, 5th floor, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Payal Desai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Skriner
- The Center for Stress, Anxiety, and Mood, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - Corinne Catarozoli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 315 East 62nd Street, 5th floor, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Paul Sullivan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine/NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shannon M Bennett
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 315 East 62nd Street, 5th floor, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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39
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Frye KE, Anthony CJ, Huggins-Manley AC, Smith-Bonahue TM. Kids these days and kids those days: Investigating perceptions of children's social skills from 1988 to 2007. J Sch Psychol 2024; 103:101278. [PMID: 38432729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2023.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Behavior rating scales are frequently used assessment tools designed to measure social skills. Use of norm-referenced assessments such as behavior rating scales requires examiners and test publishers to consider when norms become obsolete and norm-referenced scores can no longer be validly interpreted. A fundamental factor influencing norm obsolescence regards changes in baseline levels of targeted traits within the population. Yet, limited research exists regarding how social skills may change at a population level over time as measured by established assessment tools. Thus, the present study investigates population trends in social skills of K-12 children as rated by parents, teachers, and students by concordantly linking the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS; nparent = 833, nteacher = 1215, nstudent = 4105) and the Social Skills Improvement System-Rating Scales (SSIS-RS; nparent = 2400, nteacher = 750, nstudent = 800) using validity samples collected during the development of the SSIS-RS (nparent = 240, nteacher = 221, nstudent = 224). Analyses evaluated differences between ratings on the standardization data from 1988 and 2007 by informant, sex, grade level, and sex by grade level. After applying linear linking techniques, we conducted a series of statistical comparisons that revealed a general upward trend of ratings for the 2007 sample compared to the 1988 sample, with important differences across sex, grade level, and informant. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for consideration and assessment of children's social skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Frye
- Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, College of Education, The Pennsylvania State University, USA.
| | - Christopher J Anthony
- School of Special Education, School Psychology, and Early Childhood Studies, College of Education, University of Florida, USA
| | - A Corinne Huggins-Manley
- School of Human Development and Organizational Studies in Education, College of Education, University of Florida, USA
| | - Tina M Smith-Bonahue
- School of Special Education, School Psychology, and Early Childhood Studies, College of Education, University of Florida, USA
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40
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Spellun A, Herlihy M, Taketa E, Graham A, Fasano-McCarron M, Hasenbalg S, Clark T, Linnea K, Isquith P, Landsman R. Diagnostic Utility of Parent Ratings on the Behavior Assessment System for Children-Third Edition in Children who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing and Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:645-658. [PMID: 37682456 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Between 1 to 2 of every 1,000 children are born deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) and, of those, 30-50% have additional disabilities, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Most measures assessing ASD characteristics rely on some degree of behavioral response to sound (e.g., responding to name, listening response), and may not be appropriate for use with children who are DHH. Further, ASD specific measures do not provide information on a child's functional abilities across developmental domains. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis comparing mean T-scores on a standardized multidimensional measure, the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition, Parent Rating Scale (BASC-3 PRS), across three groups matched for age and sex: children who are DHH and diagnosed with ASD (DHH + ASD; n = 16); children who are DHH without ASD (DHH-ASD; n = 16); and children who are typically hearing with ASD (H + ASD; n = 16). Analyses revealed statistically significant differences across scales of Attention Problems, Atypicality, Withdrawal, Behavioral Symptoms Index, Social Skills, Leadership, Functional Communication, Activities of Daily Living, Adaptive Skills, Autism Probability Indices, and Developmental Social Disorders. Pairwise comparisons showed DHH + ASD and H + ASD mean T-scores were statistically similar and distinct from DHH-ASD mean T-scores on all these scales except for Withdrawal, Leadership, Functional Communication, and Activities of Daily Living, where pairwise comparisons varied. The findings add to the literature on ASD and DHH children and call for further exploration of the BASC-3 as a tool for both evaluation of ASD and the development of individualized treatment plans in this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Spellun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Boston Medical Center, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, 801 Albany Street, 1st Floor, Boston, MA, 02119, USA.
| | - Megan Herlihy
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Taketa
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Franciso, California, USA
| | - Amber Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Fasano-McCarron
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samantha Hasenbalg
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Terrell Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kate Linnea
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Isquith
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Landsman
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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41
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Doyle RL, Fite PJ. Informant Discrepancies in Suicidality Screening Tools Among School Age Youth. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:394-404. [PMID: 35980493 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As the rate of death by suicide in youth ages 6 to 12 rises, it is imperative to better understand informant discrepancies when screening for suicidality. Accordingly, this study investigated associations among youth-, caregiver-, and clinician-reports of youth's suicidality and their associations with youth- and caregiver-reports of youth's depressive symptoms. Participants were 161 6- to 12-year-old youth presenting for outpatient psychological services at a Midwest training clinic between 2014 and 2019. More than 1 in 4 youth had at least one informant report some suicidal concerns. Results indicated that all informants' reports of suicidality were correlated with one another, with youth- and clinician-report being most strongly linked and caregiver- and clinician-report having the weakest correlation. Clinician- and youth-reports of suicidality were associated with youth-report, (but not caregiver-report) of depressive symptoms. Caregiver-report of suicidality was not associated with youth- or caregiver-report of depressive symptoms. When youth-report of depressive symptoms was regressed on sex, age, and youth-, caregiver-, and clinician-reports of suicidality, there was a trend that youth-report of suicidality was positively associated with youth-report of depressive symptoms. No informant's report of suicidality was uniquely associated with caregiver-report of depressive symptoms. Findings indicate that youth- and clinician-reports at intake are more strongly linked with one another than with caregiver-reports. Further, youth-reports on suicidality screening tools are more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than caregiver-report, suggesting that caregiver-reports are insufficient to assess concerns of suicidality at intake among school age youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Doyle
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue Dole HDC Rm 2006, 66045, Lawrence, KS, USA.
| | - Paula J Fite
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue Dole HDC Rm 2006, 66045, Lawrence, KS, USA
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42
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Collins AS, Carroll KJ, Gerber AH, Keenan EG, Lerner MD. Theory of Mind and Social Informant Discrepancy in Autism. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01676-4. [PMID: 38502300 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
When autistic youth are asked to assess their own social skills, they frequently rate themselves more favorably than their parents rate them. The magnitude of this informant discrepancy has been shown to relate to key clinical outcomes such as treatment response. It has been proposed that this discrepancy arises from difficulties with Theory of Mind. Participants were 167 youth 11 to 17 years old; 72% male, and their parents. Youth completed self-report measures of social skills and social cognitive tasks, while their parents completed questionnaires regarding social skills. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated both non-autistic and autistic youth rated themselves more favorably than their parents rated them across all measures. Zero-order correlations revealed that raw differences between parent- and participant-report were negatively correlated with scores on parent-reported Theory of Mind measures. However, polynomial analysis did not indicate interaction effects between parent- and participant-report on any of the measures used. Polynomial regression revealed that increases in parent-reported social skill predicted larger increases in parent-report Theory of Mind at low levels of parent-reported social skill compared to high levels of parent-reported social skill. Participant-report social skills predicted performance on a behavioral Theory of Mind test in a curvilinear fashion, such that the relationship was positive at low levels of participant-reported social skills, but negative at high levels. This study replicates the finding that raw difference score analyses may result in illusory effects that are not supported when using more contemporary analysis methods, and that more complex and subtle relationships between social insight and perspective-taking exist within autistic youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alister S Collins
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Kevin J Carroll
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Alan H Gerber
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Lerner
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA.
- Social Connection and Treatment Lab, Life Course Outcomes Research Program, AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market Street, #560, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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43
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Danzi BA, Kelly JT, Knowles EA, Burdette ET, La Greca AM. Perceived life threat in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:35. [PMID: 38500140 PMCID: PMC10949745 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Defining children's "trauma exposure" in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic has been a source of debate. Children were exposed to threatening messaging about COVID-19 but might interpret this information differently than adults. Perceived life threat (PLT), the belief that one's life is in danger, has been identified as a robust predictor of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and may be a better predictor of PTSS than actual life threat (ALT). This study investigated parent reports of children's self-PLT (belief that they might die from COVID-19) and family-PLT (belief that a family member might die from COVID-19). The aims were to compare PLT to ALT, evaluate their associations with children's psychological functioning, and identify risk factors associated with PLT. We hypothesized an association between PLT and children's psychological functioning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents (N = 140) reported on their child's (M age = 9.81 years, 47% female) pandemic experiences, psychological functioning, and both self-PLT and family-PLT. Results revealed self-PLT for 10% of the children and family-PLT for 43% of the children, yet only 6% experienced ALT (i.e., they or their parent tested positive for COVID-19). Children with reported self- or family-PLT had higher PTSS, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and functional impairment compared to children without these reported beliefs. PLT, but not ALT, was associated with psychological outcomes. Children with only PLT had greater PTSS and impairment than children with ALT. There were differences in parental functioning and pandemic-related information/media exposure between children with and without PLT. Children's perceptions, rather than objective experiences, may be more central to their psychological functioning. This has implications for screening for pandemic-related symptomatology in children as traditional trauma exposure measures may not adequately identify distressed children.
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Affiliation(s)
- BreAnne A Danzi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA.
| | - Jessica T Kelly
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
| | - Ellen A Knowles
- Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD, 57069, USA
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O’Hara KL, Cummings EM, Davies PT. Interparental conflict and adolescent emotional security across family structures. FAMILY PROCESS 2024; 63:265-283. [PMID: 36929144 PMCID: PMC10504417 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether interparental conflict was differentially related to forms of emotional security (i.e., family, interparental, parent-child) and whether forms of emotional security were differentially associated with mental health problems for adolescents in married versus divorced/separated families. Participants were 1032 adolescents (ages 10-15; 51% male, 49% female; 82% non-Hispanic White, 9% Black/African American, 5% Hispanic, 2% Asian or Pacific Islander, 2% Native American) recruited from a public school in a middle-class suburb of a United States metropolitan area. We used multiple group multivariate path analysis to assess (1) associations between interparental conflict and multiple measures of emotional insecurity (i.e., family, interparental, and parent-child), (2) associations between measures of emotional insecurity and internalizing and externalizing problems, and (3) moderation effects of parent-child relationships. The patterns of association were similar across family structures. A high-quality parent-child relationship did not mitigate the harmful effects of interparental conflict on emotional insecurity or mental health problems. Findings suggest that regardless of family structure, emotional security across multiple family systems may be a critical target for intervention to prevent youth mental health problems, in addition to interventions that reduce conflict and improve parent-child relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karey L. O’Hara
- REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University
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45
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Alberts NM, Gilbert A, Kang G, Okhomina VI, Flynn JS, Hodges J, Hankins JS, Klosky JL. Agreement between youth and caregiver report of pain and functioning in pediatric sickle cell disease: PedsQL sickle cell disease module. Pain 2024; 165:715-722. [PMID: 37878652 PMCID: PMC10859845 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain is a primary symptom of sickle cell disease (SCD) and is often severe and chronic. To treat SCD-related pain, proper assessment of SCD pain among youth, including the degree of concordance or agreement between youth and caregiver reports of pain, is essential but has not yet been adequately evaluated. In this study, 525 youth with SCD and their parents were evaluated as part of the Sickle Cell Clinical Research and Intervention Program (SCCRIP) to examine pain rating concordance and predictors of concordance. Youth and parents completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Sickle Cell Disease module (PedsQL-SCD) to measure pain, pain interference, and pain-related constructs. Disease, clinical, and demographic variables were obtained from the SCCRIP database. Intraclass correlations demonstrated moderate-to-poor consistency between youth and caregiver reports of pain and pain interference (ICCs range from 0.17 to 0.54). Analysis of covariance and regression models found that patient age, frequency of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits, economic hardship, and fetal hemoglobin levels were significantly associated with varying pain-rating agreement levels among parent proxy and child self-report pain. Concordance of pain assessments among youth with SCD and their caregivers using the PedsQL-SCD Module was moderate at best, corroborating prior research. Youth factors predicting discordance among pain-related factors included increased ED visits, older age, and female sex. Collectively, these results bolster the use of integrated pain assessments to reduce parent-child discrepancies, thereby improving the adequacy of SCD-related pain assessment and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Alberts
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Gilbert
- Department of Psychology, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jason Hodges
- Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jane S. Hankins
- Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - James L. Klosky
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
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46
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Coleman JN, Smith PN, Mehari KR, Farrell AD. Relations Between Perceptions of Parental Messages Supporting Fighting and Nonviolence and Adolescents' Physical Aggression: Beliefs as Mediators. Aggress Behav 2024; 50:e22135. [PMID: 38707774 PMCID: PMC11064809 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine adolescents' beliefs about fighting as mediators of longitudinal relations between perceptions of parental support for fighting and nonviolence and changes in adolescents' physical aggression. Participants were 2,575 middle school students (Mage = 12.20, SD = 1.02; 52% female; 83% African American) from the southeastern U.S. attending schools in communities with high rates of violence. Participants completed four waves of assessments every 3 months (i.e., fall, winter, spring, and summer). Each belief subscale mediated relations between perceptions of parental support for fighting and nonviolence and changes in aggression. Parental support for nonviolence was negatively associated with beliefs supporting reactive aggression and positively associated with beliefs against fighting. Parental support for retaliation was positively associated with beliefs supporting reactive and proactive aggression, and negatively associated with beliefs against fighting. Parental support for fighting as sometimes necessary was positively associated with beliefs supporting reactive aggression and beliefs that fighting is sometimes necessary. Beliefs supporting reactive and proactive aggression and beliefs that fighting is sometimes necessary were positively associated with aggression, whereas beliefs against fighting was negatively associated with aggression. Parents' support for fighting and for nonviolence may directly and indirectly reduce adolescents' physical aggression by influencing beliefs about the appropriateness of using aggression for self-defense and to attain a goal. This highlights the importance of jointly investigating multiple types of parental messages and types of beliefs about fighting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krista R. Mehari
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University
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Rieselbach MM, Gresko S, Corley RP, Hewitt JK, Rhee SH. An examination of the protective role of internalizing symptoms in adolescent substance use. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2024; 46:12-24. [PMID: 39219837 PMCID: PMC11364360 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-024-10119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Although psychological symptoms are broadly considered to be risk factors for substance use, internalizing symptoms may be associated with lower risk for adolescent substance use after controlling for co-occurring externalizing symptoms. The present study explored two potential mediators of this protective association between internalizing symptoms and adolescent substance use: popularity and harm avoidance. The study used data from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study (LTS) and Colorado Adoption Project (CAP). Annual assessments of internalizing and externalizing symptoms and social competence were completed by parents and teachers at participant ages 7 to 16. Harm avoidance and substance use were assessed at age 17. In this sample, internalizing symptoms were associated with less frequent substance use, controlling for externalizing symptoms. We did not find evidence that popularity or harm avoidance accounts for the protective association of internalizing symptoms with adolescent substance use. Teacher-reported popularity was associated with less frequent substance use, suggesting that social connectedness in the school context may be a protective factor for adolescent substance use. Harm avoidance was not associated with substance use after accounting for internalizing and externalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Rieselbach
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Shelley Gresko
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Robin P Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - John K Hewitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Soo Hyun Rhee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
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Tian L, Xin C, Zheng Y, Liu G. Parent-adolescent discrepancies in positive parenting and adolescent problem behaviors in Chinese families. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25016. [PMID: 38322850 PMCID: PMC10844105 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the discrepancy-maladaptive hypothesis and general strain theory, in this study, we examined two key aspects: first, the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between parent-adolescent discrepancies in positive parenting and adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems, and second, variations in problem behavior among subgroups with different parent-adolescent dyads reporting patterns. The participants were 349 intact Chinese families, with parents as the primary caregivers and teenagers aged 15-18 years who are attending secondary vocational schools. The results revealed that adolescents generally perceived lower levels of caring and behavioral control than parents. Compared to behavioral control, discrepancies in perceived levels of caring had more significant predicting levels of internalizing and externalizing problems, and the relationship between discrepancies of caring and internalizing and externalizing problems was mediated by self-control. Latent profile analysis revealed three parent-adolescent responding patterns (subgroups); compared to the other subgroups, only the subgroup characterized by adolescents perceiving lower caring and behavioral control than parents exhibited higher levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. The findings of this study provide insights on how parent-adolescent discrepancies may lead to adolescent problem behaviors and highlight the importance of self-control as a mediating mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Tian
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Cong Xin
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Yuanxia Zheng
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Guoxiong Liu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
- Institute of Moral Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
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Kim-Spoon J, Lee TH, Clinchard C, Lindenmuth M, Brieant A, Steinberg L, Deater-Deckard K, Casas B. Brain Similarity as a Protective Factor in the Longitudinal Pathway Linking Household Chaos, Parenting, and Substance Use. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:176-184. [PMID: 37121398 PMCID: PMC10613128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioecological factors such as family environment and parenting behaviors contribute to the development of substance use. While biobehavioral synchrony has been suggested as the foundation for resilience that can modulate environmental effects on development, the role of brain similarity that attenuates deleterious effects of environmental contexts has not been clearly understood. We tested whether parent-adolescent neural similarity-the level of pattern similarity between parent-adolescent functional brain connectivity representing the level of attunement within each dyad-moderates the longitudinal pathways in which household chaos (a stressor) predicts adolescent substance use directly and indirectly via parental monitoring. METHODS In a sample of 70 parent-adolescent dyads, similarity in resting-state brain activity was identified using multipattern connectivity similarity estimation. Adolescents and parents reported on household chaos and parental monitoring, and adolescent substance use was assessed at a 1-year follow-up. RESULTS The moderated mediation model indicated that for adolescents with low neural similarity, but not high neural similarity, greater household chaos predicted higher substance use over time directly and indirectly via lower parental monitoring. Our data also indicated differential susceptibility in the overall association between household chaos and substance use: Adolescents with low neural similarity exhibited high substance use under high household chaos but low substance use under low household chaos. CONCLUSIONS Neural similarity acts as a protective factor such that the detrimental effects of suboptimal family environment and parenting behaviors on the development of adolescent health risk behaviors may be attenuated by neural similarity within parent-adolescent bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmeen Kim-Spoon
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.
| | | | | | - Alexis Brieant
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Brooks Casas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
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50
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Mrug S, Barker-Kamps M, Goering M, Patki A, Tiwari HK. Neighborhood Disadvantage and Parenting in Early Adolescence Predict Epigenetic Aging and Mortality Risk in Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:258-272. [PMID: 37715862 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Youth who grow up in disadvantaged neighborhoods experience poorer health later in life, but little is known about the biological mechanisms underlying these effects and socioenvironmental factors that may protect youth from the biological embedding of neighborhood adversity. This study tests whether supportive and consistent parenting buffers associations between neighborhood disadvantage in early adolescence and epigenetic aging in adulthood. A community sample from Birmingham, Alabama, USA (N = 343; 57% female; 81% Black, 19% White) was assessed in early adolescence (T1; ages 11 and 13) and adulthood (T2; age 27). At T1, neighborhood poverty was derived from census data and neighborhood disorder was reported by caregivers. Both youth and parents reported on parental discipline and nurturance. At T2, methylation of salivary DNA was used to derive a mortality risk index and Hannum, Horvath, PhenoAge, and GrimAge epigenetic age estimators. Regression analyses revealed that neighborhood disadvantage was associated with accelerated epigenetic aging and/or mortality risk only when combined with high levels of harsh and inconsistent discipline and low child-reported parental nurturance. These findings identify epigenetic aging and mortality risk as relevant mechanisms through which neighborhood adversity experienced in adolescence may affect later health; they also point to the importance of supportive and consistent parenting for reducing the biological embedding of neighborhood adversity in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Malcolm Barker-Kamps
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Marlon Goering
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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