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Zhong T, Wang Y, Xu X, Wu X, Liang S, Ning Z, Wang L, Niu Y, Li G, Zhang Y. A brain subcortical segmentation tool based on anatomy attentional fusion network for developing macaques. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2024; 116:102404. [PMID: 38870599 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2024.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the accurate measurement of brain subcortical structures in macaques, which is crucial for unraveling the complexities of brain structure and function, thereby enhancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and brain development. However, due to significant differences in brain size, structure, and imaging characteristics between humans and macaques, computational tools developed for human neuroimaging studies often encounter obstacles when applied to macaques. In this context, we propose an Anatomy Attentional Fusion Network (AAF-Net), which integrates multimodal MRI data with anatomical constraints in a multi-scale framework to address the challenges posed by the dynamic development, regional heterogeneity, and age-related size variations of the juvenile macaque brain, thus achieving precise subcortical segmentation. Specifically, we generate a Signed Distance Map (SDM) based on the initial rough segmentation of the subcortical region by a network as an anatomical constraint, providing comprehensive information on positions, structures, and morphology. Then we construct AAF-Net to fully fuse the SDM anatomical constraints and multimodal images for refined segmentation. To thoroughly evaluate the performance of our proposed tool, over 700 macaque MRIs from 19 datasets were used in this study. Specifically, we employed two manually labeled longitudinal macaque datasets to develop the tool and complete four-fold cross-validations. Furthermore, we incorporated various external datasets to demonstrate the proposed tool's generalization capabilities and promise in brain development research. We have made this tool available as an open-source resource at https://github.com/TaoZhong11/Macaque_subcortical_segmentation for direct application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Xueyang Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Shujun Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Zhenyuan Ning
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Yuyu Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing and Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Technology, Southern Medical University, China.
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2
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Li M, Guan M, Lin J, Zhu K, Zhu J, Guo M, Li Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zou Y, Wu D, Xu J, Yi W, Fan Y, Ma S, Chen Y, Xu J, Yang L, Dai J, Ye T, Lu Z, Chen Y. Early blood immune molecular alterations in cynomolgus monkeys with a PSEN1 mutation causing familial Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:5492-5510. [PMID: 38973166 PMCID: PMC11350033 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More robust non-human primate models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will provide new opportunities to better understand the pathogenesis and progression of AD. METHODS We designed a CRISPR/Cas9 system to achieve precise genomic deletion of exon 9 in cynomolgus monkeys using two guide RNAs targeting the 3' and 5' intron sequences of PSEN1 exon 9. We performed biochemical, transcriptome, proteome, and biomarker analyses to characterize the cellular and molecular dysregulations of this non-human primate model. RESULTS We observed early changes of AD-related pathological proteins (cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau) in PSEN1 mutant (ie, PSEN1-ΔE9) monkeys. Blood transcriptome and proteome profiling revealed early changes in inflammatory and immune molecules in juvenile PSEN1-ΔE9 cynomolgus monkeys. DISCUSSION PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkeys recapitulate AD-related pathological protein changes, and reveal early alterations in blood immune signaling. Thus, this model might mimic AD-associated pathogenesis and has potential utility for developing early diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. HIGHLIGHTS A dual-guide CRISPR/Cas9 system successfully mimics AD PSEN1-ΔE9 mutation by genomic excision of exon 9. PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkey-derived fibroblasts exhibit disrupted PSEN1 endoproteolysis and increased Aβ secretion. Blood transcriptome and proteome profiling implicate early inflammatory and immune molecular dysregulation in juvenile PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkeys. Cerebrospinal fluid from juvenile PSEN1 mutant monkeys recapitulates early changes of AD-related pathological proteins (increased Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Mingfeng Guan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Jianbang Lin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kaichuan Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Ming Guo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yinhu Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yefei Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yijing Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Ying Zou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Daiqiang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Junxin Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Wanying Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Yingying Fan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Lixin Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ji Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tao Ye
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational MedicineShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and SystemChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and ManipulationShenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseasesthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science—Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenChina
- SIAT‐HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Abedini SS, Akhavantabasi S, Liang Y, Heng JIT, Alizadehsani R, Dehzangi I, Bauer DC, Alinejad-Rokny H. A critical review of the impact of candidate copy number variants on autism spectrum disorder. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 794:108509. [PMID: 38977176 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent advancements in genomic analysis have shed light on numerous genes associated with ASD, highlighting the significant role of both common and rare genetic mutations, as well as copy number variations (CNVs), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and unique de novo variants. These genetic variations disrupt neurodevelopmental pathways, contributing to the disorder's complexity. Notably, CNVs are present in 10 %-20 % of individuals with autism, with 3 %-7 % detectable through cytogenetic methods. While the role of submicroscopic CNVs in ASD has been recently studied, their association with genomic loci and genes has not been thoroughly explored. In this review, we focus on 47 CNV regions linked to ASD, encompassing 1632 genes, including protein-coding genes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), of which 659 show significant brain expression. Using a list of ASD-associated genes from SFARI, we detect 17 regions harboring at least one known ASD-related protein-coding gene. Of the remaining 30 regions, we identify 24 regions containing at least one protein-coding gene with brain-enriched expression and a nervous system phenotype in mouse mutants, and one lncRNA with both brain-enriched expression and upregulation in iPSC to neuron differentiation. This review not only expands our understanding of the genetic diversity associated with ASD but also underscores the potential of lncRNAs in contributing to its etiology. Additionally, the discovered CNVs will be a valuable resource for future diagnostic, therapeutic, and research endeavors aimed at prioritizing genetic variations in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sedigheh Abedini
- UNSW BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shiva Akhavantabasi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, Turkey; Ghiaseddin Jamshid Kashani University, Andisheh University Town, Danesh Blvd, 3441356611, Abyek, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Yuheng Liang
- UNSW BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Julian Ik-Tsen Heng
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Australia
| | - Roohallah Alizadehsani
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iman Dehzangi
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08102, USA; Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08102, USA
| | - Denis C Bauer
- Transformational Bioinformatics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Sydney, Australia; Applied BioSciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Hamid Alinejad-Rokny
- UNSW BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Tyree Institute of Health Engineering (IHealthE), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Peng J, Zou WW, Wang XL, Zhang ZG, Huo R, Yang L. Viral-mediated gene therapy in pediatric neurological disorders. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:533-555. [PMID: 36607547 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the broad application of next-generation sequencing, the molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders in pediatric neurology is no longer an unachievable goal. However, treatments for neurological genetic disorders in children remain primarily symptomatic. On the other hand, with the continuous evolution of therapeutic viral vectors, gene therapy is becoming a clinical reality. From this perspective, we wrote this review to illustrate the current state regarding viral-mediated gene therapy in childhood neurological disorders. DATA SOURCES We searched databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keywords "adenovirus vector," "lentivirus vector," and "AAV" for gene therapy, and "immunoreaction induced by gene therapy vectors," "administration routes of gene therapy vectors," and "gene therapy" with "NCL," "SMA," "DMD," "congenital myopathy," "MPS" "leukodystrophy," or "pediatric metabolic disorders". We also screened the database of ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords "gene therapy for children" and then filtered the results with the ones aimed at neurological disorders. The time range of the search procedure was from the inception of the databases to the present. RESULTS We presented the characteristics of commonly used viral vectors for gene therapy for pediatric neurological disorders and summarized their merits and drawbacks, the administration routes of each vector, the research progress, and the clinical application status of viral-mediated gene therapy on pediatric neurological disorders. CONCLUSIONS Viral-mediated gene therapy is on the brink of broad clinical application. Viral-mediated gene therapy will dramatically change the treatment pattern of childhood neurological disorders, and many children with incurable diseases will meet the dawn of a cure. Nevertheless, the vectors must be optimized for better safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center for Chidren Neurodevelopmental disablities of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Research Center for Chidren Neurodevelopmental disablities of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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5
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Holley D, Campos LJ, Drzewiecki CM, Zhang Y, Capitanio JP, Fox AS. Rhesus infant nervous temperament predicts peri-adolescent central amygdala metabolism & behavioral inhibition measured by a machine-learning approach. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:148. [PMID: 38490997 PMCID: PMC10943234 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders affect millions of people worldwide and impair health, happiness, and productivity on a massive scale. Developmental research points to a connection between early-life behavioral inhibition and the eventual development of these disorders. Our group has previously shown that measures of behavioral inhibition in young rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) predict anxiety-like behavior later in life. In recent years, clinical and basic researchers have implicated the central extended amygdala (EAc)-a neuroanatomical concept that includes the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST)-as a key neural substrate for the expression of anxious and inhibited behavior. An improved understanding of how early-life behavioral inhibition relates to an increased lifetime risk of anxiety disorders-and how this relationship is mediated by alterations in the EAc-could lead to improved treatments and preventive strategies. In this study, we explored the relationships between infant behavioral inhibition and peri-adolescent defensive behavior and brain metabolism in 18 female rhesus monkeys. We coupled a mildly threatening behavioral assay with concurrent multimodal neuroimaging, and related those findings to various measures of infant temperament. To score the behavioral assay, we developed and validated UC-Freeze, a semi-automated machine-learning (ML) tool that uses unsupervised clustering to quantify freezing. Consistent with previous work, we found that heightened Ce metabolism predicted elevated defensive behavior (i.e., more freezing) in the presence of an unfamiliar human intruder. Although we found no link between infant-inhibited temperament and peri-adolescent EAc metabolism or defensive behavior, we did identify infant nervous temperament as a significant predictor of peri-adolescent defensive behavior. Our findings suggest a connection between infant nervous temperament and the eventual development of anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, our approach highlights the potential for ML tools to augment existing behavioral neuroscience methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Holley
- University of California, Department of Psychology, Davis, CA, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - L J Campos
- University of California, Department of Psychology, Davis, CA, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C M Drzewiecki
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Columbia University, Department of Statistics, New York, NY, USA
| | - J P Capitanio
- University of California, Department of Psychology, Davis, CA, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A S Fox
- University of California, Department of Psychology, Davis, CA, USA.
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Brain development in humans is achieved through precise spatiotemporal genetic control, the mechanisms of which remain largely elusive. Recently, integration of technological advances in human stem cell-based modelling with genome editing has emerged as a powerful platform to establish causative links between genotypes and phenotypes directly in the human system. Here, we review our current knowledge of complex genetic regulation of each key step of human brain development through the lens of evolutionary specialization and neurodevelopmental disorders and highlight the use of human stem cell-derived 2D cultures and 3D brain organoids to investigate human-enriched features and disease mechanisms. We also discuss opportunities and challenges of integrating new technologies to reveal the genetic architecture of human brain development and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guo-Li Ming
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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7
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Wu J, Hu Q, Rao X, Zhao H, Tang H, Wang Y. Gut microbiome and metabolic profiles of mouse model for MeCP2 duplication syndrome. Brain Res Bull 2024; 206:110862. [PMID: 38145758 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The extra copy of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCp2) gene causes MeCP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability and autistic phenotypes. However, the disturbed microbiome and metabolic profiling underlying the autistic-like behavioral deficits of MDS are rarely investigated. Here we aimed to understand the contributions of microbiome disruption and associated metabolic alterations, especially the disturbed neurotransmitters in MDS employing a transgenic mouse model with MeCP2 overexpression. We analyzed metabolic profiles of plasma, urine, and cecum content and microbiome profiles by both 16 s RNA and shotgun metagenomics sequence technology. We found the decreased levels of Firmicutes and increased levels of Bacteroides in the single MeCP2 gene mutation autism-like mouse model, demonstrating the importance of the host genome in a selection of microbiome, leading to the heterogeneity characteristics of microbiome in MDS. Furthermore, the changed levels of several neurotransmitters (such as dopamine, taurine, and glutamate) implied the excitatory-inhibitory imbalance caused by the single gene mutation. Concurrently, a range of microbial metabolisms of aromatic amino acids (such as tryptophan and phenylalanine) were identified in different biological matrices obtained from MeCP2 transgenic mice. Our investigation revealed the importance of genetic variation in accounting for the differences in microbiomes and confirmed the bidirectional regulatory axis of microbiota-gut-brain in studying the role of microbiome on MDS, which could be useful in deeply understanding the microbiome-based treatment in this autistic-like disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Qingyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoping Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Li X, Feng T, Lu W. The effects of valproic acid neurotoxicity on aggressive behavior in zebrafish autism model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109783. [PMID: 37926328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is an effective drug, which is preferred for the treatments of epilepsy and various kinds of seizures. Nonetheless, VPA has many side effects associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Therefore, we conducted molecular and behavior tests in adult proactive zebrafish after VPA exposure to investigate gene transcription changes, social behavior, aggression, anxiety and locomotion. Our findings revealed that VPA exposure generates ASD-like phenotypes and behaviors: genes associated with autism, such as adsl, mbd5 and shank3a altered; social interaction deficit. Further behavioral patterns suggest that VPA exposure induces decreases in aggression and increases the anxiety behavior and body cortisol significantly. VPA exposure did not affect locomotor activity in zebrafish. Additionally, we used correlative analyses to investigate the robustness between the ASD-related genes and the different behavior tests, results showed that ASD-related genes are negatively associated with aggressive behavior. Our study demonstrated that aggressive behavior assay is a better predictor of behavior for neurotoxicology of VPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tangsong Feng
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiqun Lu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China.
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9
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Mehmood A, Shah S, Guo RY, Haider A, Shi M, Ali H, Ali I, Ullah R, Li B. Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 Emerges as a Central Player in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4071-4101. [PMID: 37955798 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
MECP2 and its product methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), which are inflammatory, autoimmune, and demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the mechanisms and pathways regulated by MeCP2 in immune activation in favor of MS and NMOSD are not fully understood. We summarize findings that use the binding properties of MeCP2 to identify its targets, particularly the genes recognized by MeCP2 and associated with several neurological disorders. MeCP2 regulates gene expression in neurons, immune cells and during development by modulating various mechanisms and pathways. Dysregulation of the MeCP2 signaling pathway has been associated with several disorders, including neurological and autoimmune diseases. A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying MeCP2 function can provide new therapeutic strategies for these conditions. The nervous system is the primary system affected in MeCP2-associated disorders, and other systems may also contribute to MeCP2 action through its target genes. MeCP2 signaling pathways provide promise as potential therapeutic targets in progressive MS and NMOSD. MeCP2 not only increases susceptibility and induces anti-inflammatory responses in immune sites but also leads to a chronic increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and downregulates the genes involved in immune regulation (IL-10, FoxP3, and CX3CR1). MeCP2 may modulate similar mechanisms in different pathologies and suggest that treatments for MS and NMOSD disorders may be effective in treating related disorders. MeCP2 regulates gene expression in MS and NMOSD. However, dysregulation of the MeCP2 signaling pathway is implicated in these disorders. MeCP2 plays a role as a therapeutic target for MS and NMOSD and provides pathways and mechanisms that are modulated by MeCP2 in the regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Suleman Shah
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruo-Yi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Arsalan Haider
- Key Lab of Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengya Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hamid Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, 32093, Kuwait
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Liu Z, Cheng P, Feng T, Xie Z, Yang M, Chen Z, Hu S, Han D, Chen W. Nrf2/HO-1 blocks TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction via elimination of ROS in oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal necroptosis. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148482. [PMID: 37442251 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is known to trigger a cascade of inflammatory events that induces secondary tissue damages. As a type of regulated inflammatory cell death, necroptosis is associated with AIS, whilst its regulation during neuroinflammation is not well understood. In particular, the actual function of NOD-like-receptor family pyrin domain-containing-3(NLRP3) inflammasome in cortical neuronal necroptosis still not clear. Herein, we explored the function of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced neuronal necroptosis and its underlying mechanism. To establish an in vitro model of neuronal necrosis, we used OGD/caspase-8 inhibitors (Q-VD-OPh, QVD) to treat rat primary cortical neurons (PCNs) after reoxygenation, wherein we found that the model cause an elevated ROS levels by mediating TXNIP/NLRP3 interactions, which in turn activated the NLRP3 inflammasome. Also, we observed that regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) promoted heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and decreased TXNIP (a protein that relate oxidative stress to activation of inflammasome) and ROS levels, which negatively regulated the expression of OGD-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. In addition, HO-1 weakened NLRP3 inflammation body activation, which suggests that Nrf2-regulated HO-1 could block the interaction between TXNIP and NLRP3 in OGD/R-treated cortical neurons by inhibiting ROS production. Our study has discovered the importance of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascade for inhibiting inflammasome of NLRP3, which negatively regulated necrosis. Therefore, NLRP3 is considered a potential target for a novel neuroprotective approach, which can expand the therapeutic windows of stroke drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Meifang Yang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Zhiren Chen
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shuqun Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Dong Han
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital/The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University/ XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China.
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11
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Yuan B, Wang M, Wu X, Cheng P, Zhang R, Zhang R, Yu S, Zhang J, Du Y, Wang X, Qiu Z. Identification of de novo Mutations in the Chinese Autism Spectrum Disorder Cohort via Whole-Exome Sequencing Unveils Brain Regions Implicated in Autism. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1469-1480. [PMID: 36881370 PMCID: PMC10533446 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interactions and repetitive behaviors. Although hundreds of ASD risk genes, implicated in synaptic formation and transcriptional regulation, have been identified through human genetic studies, the East Asian ASD cohorts are still under-represented in genome-wide genetic studies. Here, we applied whole-exome sequencing to 369 ASD trios including probands and unaffected parents of Chinese origin. Using a joint-calling analytical pipeline based on GATK toolkits, we identified numerous de novo mutations including 55 high-impact variants and 165 moderate-impact variants, as well as de novo copy number variations containing known ASD-related genes. Importantly, combined with single-cell sequencing data from the developing human brain, we found that the expression of genes with de novo mutations was specifically enriched in the pre-, post-central gyrus (PRC, PC) and banks of the superior temporal (BST) regions in the human brain. By further analyzing the brain imaging data with ASD and healthy controls, we found that the gray volume of the right BST in ASD patients was significantly decreased compared to healthy controls, suggesting the potential structural deficits associated with ASD. Finally, we found a decrease in the seed-based functional connectivity between BST/PC/PRC and sensory areas, the insula, as well as the frontal lobes in ASD patients. This work indicated that combinatorial analysis with genome-wide screening, single-cell sequencing, and brain imaging data reveal the brain regions contributing to the etiology of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinran Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peipei Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shunying Yu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yasong Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Songjiang Research Institute, Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Tian R, Li Y, Zhao H, Lyu W, Zhao J, Wang X, Lu H, Xu H, Ren W, Tan QQ, Shi Q, Wang GD, Zhang YP, Lai L, Mi J, Jiang YH, Zhang YQ. Modeling SHANK3-associated autism spectrum disorder in Beagle dogs via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3739-3750. [PMID: 37848710 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive studies in modeling neuropsychiatric disorders especially autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in animals, many challenges remain. Genetic mutant mice have contributed substantially to the current understanding of the molecular and neural circuit mechanisms underlying ASD. However, the translational value of ASD mouse models in preclinical studies is limited to certain aspects of the disease due to the apparent differences in brain and behavior between rodents and humans. Non-human primates have been used to model ASD in recent years. However, a low reproduction rate due to a long reproductive cycle and a single birth per pregnancy, and an extremely high cost prohibit a wide use of them in preclinical studies. Canine model is an appealing alternative because of its complex and effective dog-human social interactions. In contrast to non-human primates, dog has comparable drug metabolism as humans and a high reproduction rate. In this study, we aimed to model ASD in experimental dogs by manipulating the Shank3 gene as SHANK3 mutations are one of most replicated genetic defects identified from ASD patients. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we successfully generated and characterized multiple lines of Beagle Shank3 (bShank3) mutants that have been propagated for a few generations. We developed and validated a battery of behavioral assays that can be used in controlled experimental setting for mutant dogs. bShank3 mutants exhibited distinct and robust social behavior deficits including social withdrawal and reduced social interactions with humans, and heightened anxiety in different experimental settings (n = 27 for wild-type controls and n = 44 for mutants). We demonstrate the feasibility of producing a large number of mutant animals in a reasonable time frame. The robust and unique behavioral findings support the validity and value of a canine model to investigate the pathophysiology and develop treatments for ASD and potentially other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Sinogene Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Wen Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Beijing Sinogene Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, and Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qing-Quan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, and Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, and Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jidong Mi
- Beijing Sinogene Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Yong Q Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, and CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Liao Z, Li Y, Li C, Bian X, Sun Q. Nuclear transfer improves the developmental potential of embryos derived from cytoplasmic deficient oocytes. iScience 2023; 26:107299. [PMID: 37520712 PMCID: PMC10372837 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryo development after fertilization is largely determined by the oocyte quality, which is in turn dependent on the competence of both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Here, to improve the efficiency of embryo development from developmentally incompetent oocytes, we performed spindle-chromosome complex transfer (ST) between in vitro matured (IVM) and in vivo matured (IVO) oocytes of the non-human primate rhesus monkey. We observed that the blastocyst rate of embryos derived from transferring the spindle-chromosome complex (SCC) of IVM oocytes into enucleated IVO oocytes was comparable with that of embryos derived from IVO oocytes. After transferring the reconstructed embryos into the uterus of surrogate mothers, two live rhesus monkeys were obtained, indicating that the nuclei of IVM oocytes support both the pre-and post-implantation embryo development of non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuzhuo Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xinyan Bian
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
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14
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Lv Q, Zeljic K, Zhao S, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wang Z. Dissecting Psychiatric Heterogeneity and Comorbidity with Core Region-Based Machine Learning. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1309-1326. [PMID: 37093448 PMCID: PMC10387015 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Machine learning approaches are increasingly being applied to neuroimaging data from patients with psychiatric disorders to extract brain-based features for diagnosis and prognosis. The goal of this review is to discuss recent practices for evaluating machine learning applications to obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and to advance a novel strategy of building machine learning models based on a set of core brain regions for better performance, interpretability, and generalizability. Specifically, we argue that a core set of co-altered brain regions (namely 'core regions') comprising areas central to the underlying psychopathology enables the efficient construction of a predictive model to identify distinct symptom dimensions/clusters in individual patients. Hypothesis-driven and data-driven approaches are further introduced showing how core regions are identified from the entire brain. We demonstrate a broadly applicable roadmap for leveraging this core set-based strategy to accelerate the pursuit of neuroimaging-based markers for diagnosis and prognosis in a variety of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lv
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kristina Zeljic
- School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Shaoling Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Mental Health Center), Zhejiang Office of Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Mental Health Center), Zhejiang Office of Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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15
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Landry CR, Yip MC, Zhou Y, Niu W, Wang Y, Yang B, Wen Z, Forest CR. Electrophysiological and morphological characterization of single neurons in intact human brain organoids. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 394:109898. [PMID: 37236404 PMCID: PMC10483933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain organoids represent a new model system for studying developmental human neurophysiology. Methods for studying the electrophysiology and morphology of single neurons in organoids require acute slices or dissociated cultures. While these methods have advantages (e.g., visual access, ease of experimentation), they risk damaging cells and circuits present in the intact organoid. To access single cells within intact organoid circuits, we have demonstrated a method for fixturing and performing whole cell patch clamp recording from intact brain organoids using both manual and automated tools. We demonstrate applied electrophysiology methods development followed by an integration of electrophysiology with reconstructing the morphology of the neurons within the brain organoid using dye filling and tissue clearing. We found that whole cell patch clamp recordings could be achieved both on the surface and within the interior of intact human brain organoids using both manual and automated methods. Manual experiments were higher yield (53 % whole cell success rate manual, 9 % whole cell success rate automated), but automated experiments were more efficient (30 patch attempts per day automated, 10 patch attempts per day manual). Using these methods, we performed an unbiased survey of cells within human brain organoids between 90 and 120 days in vitro (DIV) and present preliminary data on morphological and electrical diversity in human brain organoids. The further development of intact brain organoid patch clamp methods could be broadly applicable to studies of cellular, synaptic, and circuit-level function in the developing human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey R Landry
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States.
| | - Mighten C Yip
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Weibo Niu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Yunmiao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Biology, Emory University, United States
| | - Bo Yang
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Craig R Forest
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, United States
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16
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Lu Z, Li J, Lu Y, Li L, Wang W, Zhang C, Xu L, Nie Y, Gao C, Bian X, Liu Z, Wang GZ, Sun Q. Cynomolgus-rhesus hybrid macaques serve as a platform for imprinting studies. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100436. [PMID: 37215523 PMCID: PMC10196704 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting can lead to allele-specific expression (ASE), where one allele is preferentially expressed more than the other. Perturbations in genomic imprinting or ASE genes have been widely observed across various neurological disorders, notably autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we crossed rhesus cynomolgus monkeys to produce hybrid monkeys and established a framework to evaluate their allele-specific gene expression patterns using the parental genomes as a reference. Our proof-of-concept analysis of the hybrid monkeys identified 353 genes with allele-biased expression in the brain, enabling us to determine the chromosomal locations of ASE clusters. Importantly, we confirmed a significant enrichment of ASE genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, including ASD, highlighting the potential of hybrid monkey models in advancing our understanding of genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyang Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Libing Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanhong Nie
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Changshan Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinyan Bian
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
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17
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Bo T, Li J, Hu G, Zhang G, Wang W, Lv Q, Zhao S, Ma J, Qin M, Yao X, Wang M, Wang GZ, Wang Z. Brain-wide and cell-specific transcriptomic insights into MRI-derived cortical morphology in macaque monkeys. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1499. [PMID: 36932104 PMCID: PMC10023667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrative analyses of transcriptomic and neuroimaging data have generated a wealth of information about biological pathways underlying regional variability in imaging-derived brain phenotypes in humans, but rarely in nonhuman primates due to the lack of a comprehensive anatomically-defined atlas of brain transcriptomics. Here we generate complementary bulk RNA-sequencing dataset of 819 samples from 110 brain regions and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing dataset, and neuroimaging data from 162 cynomolgus macaques, to examine the link between brain-wide gene expression and regional variation in morphometry. We not only observe global/regional expression profiles of macaque brain comparable to human but unravel a dorsolateral-ventromedial gradient of gene assemblies within the primate frontal lobe. Furthermore, we identify a set of 971 protein-coding and 34 non-coding genes consistently associated with cortical thickness, specially enriched for neurons and oligodendrocytes. These data provide a unique resource to investigate nonhuman primate models of human diseases and probe cross-species evolutionary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Bo
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ganlu Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Lv
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoling Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Guang-Zhong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
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18
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Li X, Nie Y, Qiu Z, Wang S. Human MECP2 transgenic rats show increased anxiety, severe social deficits, and abnormal prefrontal neural oscillation stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 648:28-35. [PMID: 36724557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Methylated CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) plays an important role in the development and normal function of the neural system. Abnormally high expression of MECP2 leads to a subtype of autism called MECP2 duplication syndrome and MECP2 is considered one of the key pathogenic genes for autism spectrum disorders. However, the effect of MECP2 overexpression on neural activity is still not fully understood. Thus, transgenic (TG) animals that abnormally overexpress MeCP2 are important disease models in research on neurological function and autism. To create an animal model with a stronger and more stable autism phenotype, this study established a human MECP2 TG rat model and evaluated its movement ability, anxiety, and social behavior through behavioral tests. The results showed that MECP2 TG rats had an abnormally increased anxiety phenotype and social deficits in terms of abnormal social approach and social novelty preference, but no movement disorder. These autism-like behavioral phenotypes suggest that human MECP2 TG rats are suitable models for studying autism as they show more severe social deficit phenotypes and without interference from movement disorders affecting other phenotypes, which is an issue for mouse models with MECP2 duplication. In addition, this study performed preliminary exploration of the influence of the human MECP2 transgene on neural oscillation stability of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is an important brain region for social interactions. Oscillation stability in MECP2 TG rats showed abnormal responses to social conditions. Overall, the results of this study provide a new research tool for understanding the mechanism of social impairment and treatment of autism. The results also provide evidence for the influence of MECP2 duplication on mPFC neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Institute of Intelligent Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingnan Nie
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shouyan Wang
- Institute of Intelligent Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Qiu S, Qiu Y, Li Y, Zhu X, Liu Y, Qiao Y, Cheng Y, Liu Y. Nexus between genome-wide copy number variations and autism spectrum disorder in Northeast Han Chinese population. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:96. [PMID: 36750796 PMCID: PMC9906952 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Copy number variation (CNV), as one of genetic factors, is involved in ASD etiology. However, there exist substantial differences in terms of location and frequency of some CNVs in the general Asian population. Whole-genome studies of CNVs in Northeast Han Chinese samples are still lacking, necessitating our ongoing work to investigate the characteristics of CNVs in a Northeast Han Chinese population with clinically diagnosed ASD. METHODS We performed a genome-wide CNVs screening in Northeast Han Chinese individuals with ASD using array-based comparative genomic hybridization. RESULTS We found that 22 kinds of CNVs (6 deletions and 16 duplications) were potentially pathogenic. These CNVs were distributed in chromosome 1p36.33, 1p36.31, 1q42.13, 2p23.1-p22.3, 5p15.33, 5p15.33-p15.2, 7p22.3, 7p22.3-p22.2, 7q22.1-q22.2, 10q23.2-q23.31, 10q26.2-q26.3, 11p15.5, 11q25, 12p12.1-p11.23, 14q11.2, 15q13.3, 16p13.3, 16q21, 22q13.31-q13.33, and Xq12-q13.1. Additionally, we found 20 potential pathogenic genes of ASD in our population, including eight protein coding genes (six duplications [DRD4, HRAS, OPHN1, SHANK3, SLC6A3, and TSC2] and two deletions [CHRNA7 and PTEN]) and 12 microRNAs-coding genes (ten duplications [MIR202, MIR210, MIR3178, MIR339, MIR4516, MIR4717, MIR483, MIR675, MIR6821, and MIR940] and two deletions [MIR107 and MIR558]). CONCLUSION We identified CNVs and genes implicated in ASD risks, conferring perception to further reveal ASD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qiu
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China ,grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin University Hospital, Changchun, 130000 Jilin China
| | - Yingjia Qiu
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 Jilin China
| | - Yong Li
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- grid.27446.330000 0004 1789 9163The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Yunkai Liu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China ,Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China ,grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Yichun Qiao
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China. .,Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Yawen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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20
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Wang S, Duan Y, Chen B, Qiu S, Huang T, Si W. Generation of Transgenic Sperm Expressing GFP by Lentivirus Transduction of Spermatogonial Stem Cells In Vivo in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Vet Sci 2023; 10:104. [PMID: 36851408 PMCID: PMC9966439 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) have been considered as the best models for biomedical research due to their high similarities in genomic, metabolomic, physiological and pathological features to humans. However, generation of genetically modified NHPs through traditional methods, such as microinjection into the pronuclei of one-cell embryos, is prohibitive due to the targeting efficiency and the number of NHPs needed as oocyte/zygote donors. Using spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) as the target of gene editing, producing gene-edited sperm for fertilization, is proven to be an effective way to establish gene editing animal disease models. In this experiment, we used ultrasound to guide the echo dense injection needle into the rete testis space, allowing the EGFP lentivirus to be slowly injected at positive pressure from the rete testis into seminiferous tubules. We found Thy1 can be used as a surface marker of cynomolgus monkey SSCs, confirming that SSCs carry the GFP gene. Finally, we successfully obtained transgenic sperm, with a similar freezing and recovery rate to that of WT animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yanchao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Tianzhuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
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21
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Gallardo VJ, Vila-Pueyo M, Pozo-Rosich P. The impact of epigenetic mechanisms in migraine: Current knowledge and future directions. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024221145916. [PMID: 36759209 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221145916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, microRNAs and histone modifications, may modulate the genetic expression in migraine and its interaction with internal and external factors, such as lifestyle and environmental changes. OBJECTIVE To summarize, contextualize and critically analyze the published literature on the current state of epigenetic mechanisms in migraine in a narrative review. FINDINGS The studies published to date have used different approaches and methodologies to determine the role of epigenetic mechanisms in migraine. Epigenetic changes seem to be involved in migraine and are increasing our knowledge of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Changes in DNA methylation, microRNA expression and histone modifications could be utilized as biomarkers that would be highly valuable for patient stratification, molecular diagnosis, and precision medicine in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor José Gallardo
- Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vila-Pueyo
- Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Pozo-Rosich
- Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Liu C, Liu J, Gong H, Liu T, Li X, Fan X. Implication of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2266-2282. [PMID: 36545727 PMCID: PMC10556385 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221220155455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a cluster of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with atypical social communication and repetitive sensory-motor behaviors. The formation of new neurons from neural precursors in the hippocampus has been unequivocally demonstrated in the dentate gyrus of rodents and non-human primates. Accumulating evidence sheds light on how the deficits in the hippocampal neurogenesis may underlie some of the abnormal behavioral phenotypes in ASD. In this review, we describe the current evidence concerning pre-clinical and clinical studies supporting the significant role of hippocampal neurogenesis in ASD pathogenesis, discuss the possibility of improving hippocampal neurogenesis as a new strategy for treating ASD, and highlight the prospect of emerging pro-neurogenic therapies for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Battalion 5 of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Battalion 5 of Cadet Brigade, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Gong
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Army 953 Hospital, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shigatse, China
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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23
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Xiong Y, Hong H, Liu C, Zhang YQ. Social isolation and the brain: effects and mechanisms. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:191-201. [PMID: 36434053 PMCID: PMC9702717 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An obvious consequence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is the worldwide reduction in social interaction, which is associated with many adverse effects on health in humans from babies to adults. Although social development under normal or isolated environments has been studied since the 1940s, the mechanism underlying social isolation (SI)-induced brain dysfunction remains poorly understood, possibly due to the complexity of SI in humans and translational gaps in findings from animal models. Herein, we present a systematic review that focused on brain changes at the molecular, cellular, structural and functional levels induced by SI at different ages and in different animal models. SI studies in humans and animal models revealed common socioemotional and cognitive deficits caused by SI in early life and an increased occurrence of depression and anxiety induced by SI during later stages of life. Altered neurotransmission and neural circuitry as well as abnormal development and function of glial cells in specific brain regions may contribute to the abnormal emotions and behaviors induced by SI. We highlight distinct alterations in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and oligodendrocyte maturation caused by SI in early life and later stages of life, respectively, which may affect neural circuit formation and function and result in diverse brain dysfunctions. To further bridge animal and human SI studies, we propose alternative animal models with brain structures and complex social behaviors similar to those of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Huilin Hong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Cirong Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China ,grid.511008.dShanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Yong Q. Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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24
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Ji Q, Li SJ, Zhao JB, Xiong Y, Du XH, Wang CX, Lu LM, Tan JY, Zhu ZR. Genetic and neural mechanisms of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder: a review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1079683. [PMID: 37200906 PMCID: PMC10185750 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1079683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of sleep disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is very high. Sleep disorders can exacerbate the development of ASD and impose a heavy burden on families and society. The pathological mechanism of sleep disorders in autism is complex, but gene mutations and neural abnormalities may be involved. Methods In this review, we examined literature addressing the genetic and neural mechanisms of sleep disorders in children with ASD. The databases PubMed and Scopus were searched for eligible studies published between 2013 and 2023. Results Prolonged awakenings of children with ASD may be caused by the following processes. Mutations in the MECP2, VGAT and SLC6A1 genes can decrease GABA inhibition on neurons in the locus coeruleus, leading to hyperactivity of noradrenergic neurons and prolonged awakenings in children with ASD. Mutations in the HRH1, HRH2, and HRH3 genes heighten the expression of histamine receptors in the posterior hypothalamus, potentially intensifying histamine's ability to promote arousal. Mutations in the KCNQ3 and PCDH10 genes cause atypical modulation of amygdala impact on orexinergic neurons, potentially causing hyperexcitability of the hypothalamic orexin system. Mutations in the AHI1, ARHGEF10, UBE3A, and SLC6A3 genes affect dopamine synthesis, catabolism, and reuptake processes, which can elevate dopamine concentrations in the midbrain. Secondly, non-rapid eye movement sleep disorder is closely related to the lack of butyric acid, iron deficiency and dysfunction of the thalamic reticular nucleus induced by PTCHD1 gene alterations. Thirdly, mutations in the HTR2A, SLC6A4, MAOA, MAOB, TPH2, VMATs, SHANK3, and CADPS2 genes induce structural and functional abnormalities of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and amygdala, which may disturb REM sleep. In addition, the decrease in melatonin levels caused by ASMT, MTNR1A, and MTNR1B gene mutations, along with functional abnormalities of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, may lead to abnormal sleep-wake rhythm transitions. Conclusion Our review revealed that the functional and structural abnormalities of sleep-wake related neural circuits induced by gene mutations are strongly correlated with sleep disorders in children with ASD. Exploring the neural mechanisms of sleep disorders and the underlying genetic pathology in children with ASD is significant for further studies of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ji
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si-Jia Li
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Bo Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Xiong
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Wang
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Ming Lu
- College of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Yao Tan
- College of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Ru Zhu,
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25
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Günther A, Hanganu-Opatz IL. Neuronal oscillations: early biomarkers of psychiatric disease? Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1038981. [PMID: 36600993 PMCID: PMC9806131 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1038981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the environmental and genetic factors contributing to the wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders has significantly increased in recent years. Impairment of neuronal network activity during early development has been suggested as a contributor to the emergence of neuropsychiatric pathologies later in life. Still, the neurobiological substrates underlying these disorders remain yet to be fully understood and the lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis has impeded research into curative treatment options. Here, we briefly review current knowledge on potential biomarkers for emerging neuropsychiatric disease. Moreover, we summarize recent findings on aberrant activity patterns in the context of psychiatric disease, with a particular focus on their potential as early biomarkers of neuropathologies, an essential step towards pre-symptomatic diagnosis and, thus, early intervention.
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26
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Wang N, Lv L, Huang X, Shi M, Dai Y, Wei Y, Xu B, Fu C, Huang H, Shi H, Liu Y, Hu X, Qin D. Gene editing in monogenic autism spectrum disorder: animal models and gene therapies. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1043018. [PMID: 36590912 PMCID: PMC9794862 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1043018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disease, and its diagnosis is dependent on behavioral manifestation, such as impaired reciprocal social interactions, stereotyped repetitive behaviors, as well as restricted interests. However, ASD etiology has eluded researchers to date. In the past decades, based on strong genetic evidence including mutations in a single gene, gene editing technology has become an essential tool for exploring the pathogenetic mechanisms of ASD via constructing genetically modified animal models which validates the casual relationship between genetic risk factors and the development of ASD, thus contributing to developing ideal candidates for gene therapies. The present review discusses the progress in gene editing techniques and genetic research, animal models established by gene editing, as well as gene therapies in ASD. Future research should focus on improving the validity of animal models, and reliable DNA diagnostics and accurate prediction of the functional effects of the mutation will likely be equally crucial for the safe application of gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Longbao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Youwu Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bonan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chenyang Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Children’s Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Dongdong Qin Yun Liu Xintian Hu
| | - Xintian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Dongdong Qin Yun Liu Xintian Hu
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Dongdong Qin Yun Liu Xintian Hu
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Li X, Nie Y, Niu Q, Guo X, Qiu Z, Wang S. Abnormal Prefrontal Neural Oscillations are Associated with Social Deficits in MECP2 Duplication Syndrome. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1598-1602. [PMID: 36319892 PMCID: PMC9722990 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Institute of Intelligent Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingnan Nie
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiyu Niu
- Institute of Intelligent Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuanjun Guo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Shouyan Wang
- Institute of Intelligent Robotics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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28
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Egawa J, Kawasaki K, Hayashi T, Akikawa R, Someya T, Hasegawa I. Theory of mind tested by implicit false belief: a simple and full-fledged mental state attribution. FEBS J 2022; 289:7343-7358. [PMID: 34914205 PMCID: PMC10078721 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
About 40 years have passed since 'theory of mind (ToM)' research started. The false-belief test is used as a litmus test for ToM ability. The implicit false-belief test has renewed views of ToM in several disciplines, including psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience. Many important questions have been considered via the paradigm of implicit false belief. We recently addressed the phylogenetic and physiological aspects of ToM using a version of this paradigm combined with the chemogenetic technique on Old World monkeys. We sought to create animal models for autism that exhibit behavioral phenotypes similar to human symptoms. The simultaneous manipulation of neural circuits and assessments of changes in phenotypes can help identify the causal neural substrate of ToM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Egawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawasaki
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Taketsugu Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Ryota Akikawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Isao Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
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Rana AN, Gonzales-Rojas R, Lee HY. Imitative and contagious behaviors in animals and their potential roles in the study of neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 143:104876. [PMID: 36243193 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Social learning in the forms of imitative and contagious behaviors are essential for learning abilities and social interaction. However, children with neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disabilities show impairments in these behaviors, which profoundly affect their communication skills and cognitive functions. Although these deficits are well studied in humans, pre-clinical animal model assessments of imitative and contagious behavioral deficits are limited. Here, we first define various forms of social learning as well as their developmental and evolutionary significance in humans. We also explore the impact of imitative and contagious behavioral deficits in several neurodevelopmental disorders associated with autistic-like symptoms. Second, we highlight imitative and contagious behaviors observed in nonhuman primates and other social animals commonly used as models for neurodevelopmental disorders. Lastly, we conceptualize these behaviors in the contexts of mirror neuron activity, learning, and empathy, which are highly debated topics. Taken together, this review furthers the understanding of imitative and contagious behaviors. We hope to prompt and guide future behavioral studies in animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amtul-Noor Rana
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Gonzales-Rojas
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hye Young Lee
- The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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30
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Genetic ablation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in rats results in an autism-like behavioral phenotype. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275937. [PMCID: PMC9668160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication, and social skills, as well as repetitive and/or restrictive interests and behaviors. The severity of ASD varies from mild to severe, drastically interfering with the quality of life of affected individuals. The current occurrence of ASD in the United States is about 1 in 44 children. The precise pathophysiology of ASD is still unknown, but it is believed that ASD is heterogeneous and can arise due to genetic etiology. Although various genes have been implicated in predisposition to ASD, metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is one of the most common downstream targets, which may be involved in autism. mGluR5 signaling has been shown to play a crucial role in neurodevelopment and neural transmission making it a very attractive target for understanding the pathogenesis of ASD. In the present study, we determined the effect of genetic ablation of mGluR5 (Grm5) on an ASD-like phenotype using a rat model to better understand the role of mGluR5 signaling in behavior patterns and clinical manifestations of ASD. We observed that mGluR5 Ko rats exhibited exaggerated self-grooming and increased marble burying, as well as deficits in social novelty. Our results suggest that mGluR5 Ko rats demonstrate an ASD-like phenotype, specifically impaired social interaction as well as repetitive and anxiety-like behavior, which are correlates of behavior symptoms observed in individuals with ASD. The mGluR5 Ko rat model characterized in this study may be explored to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying ASD and for developing effective therapeutic modalities.
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Johnston J, Hyun I, Neuhaus CP, Maschke KJ, Marshall P, Craig KP, Matthews MM, Drolet K, Greely HT, Hill LR, Hinterberger A, Hurley EA, Kesterson R, Kimmelman J, King NMP, Lopes MJ, O’Rourke PP, Parent B, Peckman S, Piotrowska M, Schwarz M, Sebo J, Stodgell C, Streiffer R, Wilkerson A. Clarifying the Ethics and Oversight of Chimeric Research. Hastings Cent Rep 2022; 52 Suppl 2:S2-S23. [PMID: 36484509 PMCID: PMC9911087 DOI: 10.1002/hast.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article is the lead piece in a special report that presents the results of a bioethical investigation into chimeric research, which involves the insertion of human cells into nonhuman animals and nonhuman animal embryos, including into their brains. Rapid scientific developments in this field may advance knowledge and could lead to new therapies for humans. They also reveal the conceptual, ethical, and procedural limitations of existing ethics guidance for human-nonhuman chimeric research. Led by bioethics researchers working closely with an interdisciplinary work group, the investigation focused on generating conceptual clarity and identifying improvements to governance approaches, with the goal of helping scholars, funders, scientists, institutional leaders, and oversight bodies (embryonic stem cell research oversight [ESCRO] committees and institutional animal care and use committees [IACUCs]) deliver principled and trustworthy oversight of this area of science. The article, which focuses on human-nonhuman animal chimeric research that is stem cell based, identifies key ethical issues in and offers ten recommendations regarding the ethics and oversight of this research. Turning from bioethics' previous focus on human-centered questions about the ethics of "humanization" and this research's potential impact on concepts like human dignity, this article emphasizes the importance of nonhuman animal welfare concerns in chimeric research and argues for less-siloed governance and oversight and more-comprehensive public communication.
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Nanobody-based RFP-dependent Cre recombinase for selective anterograde tracing in RFP-expressing transgenic animals. Commun Biol 2022; 5:979. [PMID: 36114373 PMCID: PMC9481622 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTransgenic animals expressing fluorescent proteins are widely used to label specific cells and proteins. By using a split Cre recombinase fused with mCherry-binding nanobodies or designed ankyrin repeat proteins, we created Cre recombinase dependent on red fluorescent protein (RFP) (Cre-DOR). Functional binding units for monomeric RFPs are different from those for polymeric RFPs. We confirmed selective target RFP-dependent gene expression in the mouse cerebral cortex using stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus vectors. In estrogen receptor-beta (Esr2)-mRFP1 mice and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (Grpr)-mRFP1 rats, we confirmed that Cre-DOR can be used for selective tracing of the neural projection from RFP-expressing specific neurons. Cellular localization of RFPs affects recombination efficiency of Cre-DOR, and light and chemical-induced nuclear translocation of an RFP-fused protein can modulate Cre-DOR efficiency. Our results provide a method for manipulating gene expression in specific cells expressing RFPs and expand the repertory of nanobody-based genetic tools.
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Liang W, He J, Mao C, Yu C, Meng Q, Xue J, Wu X, Li S, Wang Y, Yi H. Gene editing monkeys: Retrospect and outlook. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:913996. [PMID: 36158194 PMCID: PMC9493099 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.913996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models play a key role in life science research, especially in the study of human disease pathogenesis and drug screening. Because of the closer proximity to humans in terms of genetic evolution, physiology, immunology, biochemistry, and pathology, nonhuman primates (NHPs) have outstanding advantages in model construction for disease mechanism study and drug development. In terms of animal model construction, gene editing technology has been widely applied to this area in recent years. This review summarizes the current progress in the establishment of NHPs using gene editing technology, which mainly focuses on rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. In addition, we discuss the limiting factors in the applications of genetically modified NHP models as well as the possible solutions and improvements. Furthermore, we highlight the prospects and challenges of the gene-edited NHP models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Liang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
- *Correspondence: Weizheng Liang, ; Shanliang Li, ; Yukai Wang, ; Hongyang Yi,
| | - Junli He
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenyu Mao
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chengwei Yu
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxue Meng
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Xueliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Shanliang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Weizheng Liang, ; Shanliang Li, ; Yukai Wang, ; Hongyang Yi,
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weizheng Liang, ; Shanliang Li, ; Yukai Wang, ; Hongyang Yi,
| | - Hongyang Yi
- National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Weizheng Liang, ; Shanliang Li, ; Yukai Wang, ; Hongyang Yi,
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Jiang C, Pan X, Luo J, Liu X, Zhang L, Liu Y, Lei G, Hu G, Li J. Alterations in Microbiota and Metabolites Related to Spontaneous Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes in Rhesus Macaques. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091513. [PMID: 36140683 PMCID: PMC9498908 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) macaques are valuable resources for our understanding the pathological mechanism of T2DM. Based on one month’s fasting blood glucose survey, we identified seven spontaneous T2DM macaques and five impaired glucose regulation (IGR) macaques from 1408 captive individuals. FPG, HbA1c, FPI and IR values were significant higher in T2DM and IGR than in controls. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal microbes showed the significantly greater abundance of Oribacterium, bacteria inhibiting the production of secondary bile acids, and Phascolarctobacterium, bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids was significantly lower in T2DM macaques. In addition, several opportunistic pathogens, such as Mogibacterium and Kocuria were significantly more abundant in both T2DM and IGR macaques. Fecal metabolites analysis based on UHPLC-MS identified 50 differential metabolites (DMs) between T2DM and controls, and 26 DMs between IGR and controls. The DMs were significantly enriched in the bile acids metabolism, fatty acids metabolism and amino acids metabolism pathways. Combining results from physiochemical parameters, microbiota and metabolomics, we demonstrate that the imbalance of gut microbial community leading to the dysfunction of glucose, bile acids, fatty acids and amino acids metabolism may contribute to the hyperglycaemia in macaques, and suggest several microbes and metabolites are potential biomarkers for T2DM and IGR macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinxia Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Guanglun Lei
- SCU-SGHB Joint Laboratory on Non-Human Primates Research, Sichuan Green-House Biotech Co., Ltd., Meishan 620000, China
| | - Gang Hu
- SCU-SGHB Joint Laboratory on Non-Human Primates Research, Sichuan Green-House Biotech Co., Ltd., Meishan 620000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
- Correspondence:
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35
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Xu M, Qi S, Calhoun V, Dai J, Yu B, Zhang K, Pei M, Li C, Wei Y, Jiang R, Zhi D, Huang Z, Qiu Z, Liang Z, Sui J. Aberrant brain functional and structural developments in MECP2 duplication rats. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105838. [PMID: 35985556 PMCID: PMC9631682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic animal models with homologous etiology provide a promising way to pursue the neurobiological substrates of the behavioral deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 cause MECP2 duplication syndrome, a severe neurological disorder with core symptoms of ASD. However, abnormal brain developments underlying the autistic-like behavioral deficits of MECP2 duplication syndrome are rarely investigated. To this end, a human MECP2 duplication (MECP2-DP) rat model was created by the bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic method. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high-field were performed on 16 male MECP2-DP rats and 15 male wildtype rats at postnatal 28 days, 42 days, and 56 days old. Multimodal fusion analyses guided by locomotor-relevant metrics and social novelty time separately were applied to identify abnormal brain networks associated with diverse behavioral deficits induced by MECP2 duplication. Aberrant functional developments of a core network primarily composed of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSP) were detected to associate with diverse behavioral phenotypes in MECP2-DP rats. Altered developments of gray matter volume were detected in the hippocampus and thalamus. We conclude that gain-of-function mutations of MECP2 induce aberrant functional activities in the default-mode-like network and aberrant volumetric changes in the brain, resulting in autistic-like behavioral deficits. Our results gain critical insights into the biomarker of MECP2 duplication syndrome and the neurobiological underpinnings of the behavioral deficits in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shile Qi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia State University, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jiankun Dai
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kaiwei Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mengchao Pei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chenjian Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yusheng Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rongtao Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongmei Zhi
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jing Sui
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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36
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Fortier AV, Meisner OC, Nair AR, Chang SWC. Prefrontal Circuits guiding Social Preference: Implications in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104803. [PMID: 35908593 PMCID: PMC10122914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasing in diagnostic prevalence, treatment options are inadequate largely due to limited understanding of ASD's underlying neural mechanisms. Contributing to difficulties in treatment development is the vast heterogeneity of ASD, from physiological causes to clinical presentations. Recent studies suggest that distinct genetic and neurological alterations may converge onto similar underlying neural circuits. Therefore, an improved understanding of neural circuit-level dysfunction in ASD may be a more productive path to developing broader treatments that are effective across a greater spectrum of ASD. Given the social preference behavioral deficits commonly seen in ASD, dysfunction in circuits mediating social preference may contribute to the atypical development of social cognition. We discuss some of the animal models used to study ASD and examine the function and effects of dysregulation of the social preference circuits, notably the medial prefrontal cortex-amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex-nucleus accumbens circuits, in these animal models. Using the common circuits underlying similar behavioral disruptions of social preference behaviors as an example, we highlight the importance of identifying disruption in convergent circuits to improve the translational success of animal model research for ASD treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail V Fortier
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Olivia C Meisner
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Amrita R Nair
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Steve W C Chang
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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37
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Samandra R, Haque ZZ, Rosa MGP, Mansouri FA. The marmoset as a model for investigating the neural basis of social cognition in health and disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104692. [PMID: 35569579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Social-cognitive processes facilitate the use of environmental cues to understand others, and to be understood by others. Animal models provide vital insights into the neural underpinning of social behaviours. To understand social cognition at even deeper behavioural, cognitive, neural, and molecular levels, we need to develop more representative study models, which allow testing of novel hypotheses using human-relevant cognitive tasks. Due to their cooperative breeding system and relatively small size, common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) offer a promising translational model for such endeavours. In addition to having social behavioural patterns and group dynamics analogous to those of humans, marmosets have cortical brain areas relevant for the mechanistic analysis of human social cognition, albeit in simplified form. Thus, they are likely suitable animal models for deciphering the physiological processes, connectivity and molecular mechanisms supporting advanced cognitive functions. Here, we review findings emerging from marmoset social and behavioural studies, which have already provided significant insights into executive, motivational, social, and emotional dysfunction associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranshikha Samandra
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Zakia Z Haque
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcello G P Rosa
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Farshad Alizadeh Mansouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Australia.
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Ouyang F, Chen X, Liang J, Li J, Jiang Z, Chen Y, Yan Z, Zeng J, Xing S. Population-Average Brain Templates and Application to Automated Voxel-Wise Analysis Pipelines for Cynomolgus Macaque. Neuroinformatics 2022; 20:613-626. [PMID: 34523062 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-021-09545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The growing number of neuroimaging studies of cynomolgus macaques require extending existing templates to facilitate species-specific application of voxel-wise neuroimaging methodologies. This study aimed to create population-averaged structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) templates for the cynomolgus macaques and apply the templates in fully automated voxel-wise analyses. We presented the development of symmetric and asymmetric MRI and DTI templates from a sample of 63 young male cynomolgus monkeys with the use of optimized template creation approaches. We also generated the associated average tissue probability maps and Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration using Exponentiated Lie Algebra templates for use with the Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), as well as the average fractional anisotropy/skeleton targets for incorporation into tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) framework. Both asymmetric and symmetric templates in a standardized coordinate space demonstrated low bias and high contrast. Fully automated processing using SPM was accomplished for all native MRI datasets and demonstrated outstanding performance regarding skull-stripping, segmentation, and normalization when using the MRI templates. Automated normalization to the DTI template was excellently achieved for all native DTI images using the TBSS pipeline. The cynomolgus MRI and DTI templates are anticipated to provide a common platform for precise single-subject data analysis and facilitate comparison of neuroimaging findings in cynomolgus monkeys across studies and sites. It is also hoped that the procedures of template creation and fully-automated voxel-wise frameworks will provide a straightforward avenue for investigating brain function, development, and neuro-psychopathological disorders in non-human primate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubing Ouyang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinran Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianle Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zimu Jiang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yicong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhicong Yan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinsheng Zeng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Shihui Xing
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Chaudry S, Vasudevan N. mTOR-Dependent Spine Dynamics in Autism. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:877609. [PMID: 35782388 PMCID: PMC9241970 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.877609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction as well as repetitive behaviors and restricted range of interests. ASC are complex genetic disorders with moderate to high heritability, and associated with atypical patterns of neural connectivity. Many of the genes implicated in ASC are involved in dendritic spine pruning and spine development, both of which can be mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Consistent with this idea, human postmortem studies have shown increased spine density in ASC compared to controls suggesting that the balance between autophagy and spinogenesis is altered in ASC. However, murine models of ASC have shown inconsistent results for spine morphology, which may underlie functional connectivity. This review seeks to establish the relevance of changes in dendritic spines in ASC using data gathered from rodent models. Using a literature survey, we identify 20 genes that are linked to dendritic spine pruning or development in rodents that are also strongly implicated in ASC in humans. Furthermore, we show that all 20 genes are linked to the mTOR pathway and propose that the mTOR pathway regulating spine dynamics is a potential mechanism underlying the ASC signaling pathway in ASC. We show here that the direction of change in spine density was mostly correlated to the upstream positive or negative regulation of the mTOR pathway and most rodent models of mutant mTOR regulators show increases in immature spines, based on morphological analyses. We further explore the idea that these mutations in these genes result in aberrant social behavior in rodent models that is due to these altered spine dynamics. This review should therefore pave the way for further research on the specific genes outlined, their effect on spine morphology or density with an emphasis on understanding the functional role of these changes in ASC.
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Zhao T, Xie Z, Xi Y, Liu L, Li Z, Qin D. How to Model Rheumatoid Arthritis in Animals: From Rodents to Non-Human Primates. Front Immunol 2022; 13:887460. [PMID: 35693791 PMCID: PMC9174425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.887460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. At present, rodent models are primarily used to study the pathogenesis and treatment of RA. However, the genetic divergences between rodents and humans determine differences in the development of RA, which makes it necessary to explore the establishment of new models. Compared to rodents, non-human primates (NHPs) are much more closely related to humans in terms of the immune system, metabolic conditions, and genetic make-up. NHPs model provides a powerful tool to study the development of RA and potential complications, as well as preclinical studies in drug development. This review provides a brief overview of the RA animal models, emphasizes the replication methods, pros and cons, as well as evaluates the validity of the rodent and NHPs models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yujiang Xi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Li Liu
- Ge Jiu People’s Hospital, Yunnan Honghe Prefecture Central Hospital, Gejiu, China
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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41
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Lin Y, Li J, Li C, Tu Z, Li S, Li XJ, Yan S. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 System in Establishing Large Animal Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:919155. [PMID: 35656550 PMCID: PMC9152178 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.919155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The foundation for investigating the mechanisms of human diseases is the establishment of animal models, which are also widely used in agricultural industry, pharmaceutical applications, and clinical research. However, small animals such as rodents, which have been extensively used to create disease models, do not often fully mimic the key pathological changes and/or important symptoms of human disease. As a result, there is an emerging need to establish suitable large animal models that can recapitulate important phenotypes of human diseases for investigating pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutics. However, traditional genetic modification technologies used in establishing small animal models are difficultly applied for generating large animal models of human diseases. This difficulty has been overcome to a great extent by the recent development of gene editing technology, especially the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). In this review, we focus on the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 system to establishment of large animal models, including nonhuman primates, pigs, sheep, goats and dogs, for investigating disease pathogenesis and treatment. We also discuss the limitations of large animal models and possible solutions according to our current knowledge. Finally, we sum up the applications of the novel genome editing tool Base Editors (BEs) and its great potential for gene editing in large animals.
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Curnow E, Wang Y. New Animal Models for Understanding FMRP Functions and FXS Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:1628. [PMID: 35626665 PMCID: PMC9140010 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X encompasses a range of genetic conditions, all of which result as a function of changes within the FMR1 gene and abnormal production and/or expression of the FMR1 gene products. Individuals with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common heritable form of intellectual disability, have a full-mutation sequence (>200 CGG repeats) which brings about transcriptional silencing of FMR1 and loss of FMR protein (FMRP). Despite considerable progress in our understanding of FXS, safe, effective, and reliable treatments that either prevent or reduce the severity of the FXS phenotype have not been approved. While current FXS animal models contribute their own unique understanding to the molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral deficits associated with FXS, no single animal model is able to fully recreate the FXS phenotype. This review will describe the status and rationale in the development, validation, and utility of three emerging animal model systems for FXS, namely the nonhuman primate (NHP), Mongolian gerbil, and chicken. These developing animal models will provide a sophisticated resource in which the deficits in complex functions of perception, action, and cognition in the human disorder are accurately reflected and aid in the successful translation of novel therapeutics and interventions to the clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Curnow
- REI Division, Department of ObGyn, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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43
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New Insights into TETs in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094909. [PMID: 35563298 PMCID: PMC9103987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are complex and heterogeneous disorders arising from the interaction of multiple factors based on neurobiology, genetics, culture, and life experience. Increasing evidence indicates that sustained abnormalities are maintained by epigenetic modifications in specific brain regions. Over the past decade, the critical, non-redundant roles of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenase enzymes have been identified in the brain during developmental and postnatal stages. Specifically, TET-mediated active demethylation, involving the iterative oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and subsequent oxidative derivatives, is dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli such as neuronal activity, learning and memory processes, and stressor exposure. Here, we review the progress of studies designed to provide a better understanding of how profiles of TET proteins and 5hmC are powerful mechanisms by which to explain neuronal plasticity and long-term behaviors, and impact transcriptional programs operative in the brain that contribute to psychiatric disorders.
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Fu Y, Zhou Y, Zhang YL, Zhao B, Zhang XL, Zhang WT, Lu YJ, Lu A, Zhang J, Zhang J. Loss of neurodevelopmental-associated miR-592 impairs neurogenesis and causes social interaction deficits. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:292. [PMID: 35365601 PMCID: PMC8976077 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
microRNA-592 (miR-592) has been linked to neurogenesis, but the influence of miR-592 knockout in vivo remains unknown. Here, we report that miR-592 knockout represses IPC-to-mature neuron transition, impairs motor coordination and reduces social interaction. Combining the RNA-seq and tandem mass tagging-based quantitative proteomics analysis (TMT protein quantification) and luciferase reporter assays, we identified MeCP2 as the direct targetgene of miR-592 in the mouse cortex. In Tg(MECP2) mice, lipofection of miR-592 efficiently reduced MECP2 expression in the brains of Tg(MECP2) mice at E14.5. Furthermore, treatment with miR-592 partially ameliorated the autism-like phenotypes observed in adult Tg(MECP2) mice. The findings demonstrate that miR-592 might play a novel role in treating the neurodevelopmental-associated disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Liao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Ting Zhang
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, 200092, Shanghai, China.
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New pathogenic insights from large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Protein Cell 2022; 13:707-720. [PMID: 35334073 PMCID: PMC9233730 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-022-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are essential for investigating the pathogenesis and developing the treatment of human diseases. Identification of genetic mutations responsible for neurodegenerative diseases has enabled the creation of a large number of small animal models that mimic genetic defects found in the affected individuals. Of the current animal models, rodents with genetic modifications are the most commonly used animal models and provided important insights into pathogenesis. However, most of genetically modified rodent models lack overt neurodegeneration, imposing challenges and obstacles in utilizing them to rigorously test the therapeutic effects on neurodegeneration. Recent studies that used CRISPR/Cas9-targeted large animal (pigs and monkeys) have uncovered important pathological events that resemble neurodegeneration in the patient’s brain but could not be produced in small animal models. Here we highlight the unique nature of large animals to model neurodegenerative diseases as well as the limitations and challenges in establishing large animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, with focus on Huntington disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson diseases. We also discuss how to use the important pathogenic insights from large animal models to make rodent models more capable of recapitulating important pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases.
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46
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Schmidt JK, Jones KM, Van Vleck T, Emborg ME. Modeling genetic diseases in nonhuman primates through embryonic and germline modification: Considerations and challenges. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabf4879. [PMID: 35235338 PMCID: PMC9373237 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf4879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Genetic modification of the embryo or germ line of nonhuman primates is envisioned as a method to develop improved models of human disease, yet the promise of such animal models remains unfulfilled. Here, we discuss current methods and their limitations for producing nonhuman primate genetic models that faithfully genocopy and phenocopy human disease. We reflect on how to ethically maximize the translational relevance of such models in the search for new therapeutic strategies to treat human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K. Schmidt
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Jones
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Trevor Van Vleck
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marina E. Emborg
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Gunter C, Harris RA, Kovacs-Balint Z, Raveendran M, Michopoulos V, Bachevalier J, Raper J, Sanchez MM, Rogers J. Heritability of social behavioral phenotypes and preliminary associations with autism spectrum disorder risk genes in rhesus macaques: A whole exome sequencing study. Autism Res 2022; 15:447-463. [PMID: 35092647 PMCID: PMC8930433 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates and especially rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) have been indispensable animal models for studies of various aspects of neurobiology, developmental psychology, and other aspects of neuroscience. While remarkable progress has been made in our understanding of influences on atypical human social behavior, such as that observed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), many significant questions remain. Improved understanding of the relationships among variation in specific genes and variation in expressed social behavior in a nonhuman primate would benefit efforts to investigate risk factors, developmental mechanisms, and potential therapies for behavioral disorders including ASD. To study genetic influences on key aspects of social behavior and interactions-individual competence and/or motivation for specific aspects of social behavior-we quantified individual variation in social interactions among juvenile rhesus macaques using both a standard macaque ethogram and a macaque-relevant modification of the human Social Responsiveness Scale. Our analyses demonstrate that various aspects of juvenile social behavior exhibit significant genetic heritability, with estimated quantitative genetic effects similar to that described for ASD in human children. We also performed exome sequencing and analyzed variants in 143 genes previously suggested to influence risk for human ASD. We find preliminary evidence for genetic association between specific variants and both individual behaviors and multi-behavioral factor scores. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that spontaneous social behaviors performed by free-ranging juvenile rhesus macaques display significant genetic heritability and then to use exome sequencing data to examine potential macaque genetic associations in genes associated with human ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Gunter
- Marcus Autism Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA,Departments of Pediatrics Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R. Alan Harris
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Muthuswamy Raveendran
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jocelyne Bachevalier
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Raper
- Departments of Pediatrics Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mar M. Sanchez
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Lu Z, He S, Jiang J, Zhuang L, Wang Y, Yang G, Jiang X, Nie Y, Fu J, Zhang X, Lu Y, Bian X, Chang HC, Xiong Z, Huang X, Liu Z, Sun Q. Base-edited Cynomolgus Monkeys mimic core symptoms of STXBP1 encephalopathy. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2163-2175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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49
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Eke DO, Bernard A, Bjaalie JG, Chavarriaga R, Hanakawa T, Hannan AJ, Hill SL, Martone ME, McMahon A, Ruebel O, Crook S, Thiels E, Pestilli F. International data governance for neuroscience. Neuron 2022; 110:600-612. [PMID: 34914921 PMCID: PMC8857067 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As neuroscience projects increase in scale and cross international borders, different ethical principles, national and international laws, regulations, and policies for data sharing must be considered. These concerns are part of what is collectively called data governance. Whereas neuroscience data transcend borders, data governance is typically constrained within geopolitical boundaries. An international data governance framework and accompanying infrastructure can assist investigators, institutions, data repositories, and funders with navigating disparate policies. Here, we propose principles and operational considerations for how data governance in neuroscience can be navigated at an international scale and highlight gaps, challenges, and opportunities in a global brain data ecosystem. We consider how to approach data governance in a way that balances data protection requirements and the need for open science, so as to promote international collaboration through federated constructs such as the International Brain Initiative (IBI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian O Eke
- Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK; Human Brain Project
| | | | | | - Ricardo Chavarriaga
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, School of Engineering, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sean L Hill
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Oliver Ruebel
- Scientific Data Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Crook
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Edda Thiels
- National Science Foundation, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Franco Pestilli
- Department of Psychology, Center for Perceptual Systems, Center for Theoretical and Computational Neuroscience, and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
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50
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Lin X, Zhou R, Liang D, Xia L, Zeng L, Chen X. The role of microbiota in autism spectrum disorder: A bibliometric analysis based on original articles. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:976827. [PMID: 36172516 PMCID: PMC9512137 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.976827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can be observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. It is suggested that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are associated, not only with GI symptoms, but also with behaviors of ASD. The aim of this study was to explore the development context, research hotspots and frontiers of gut microbiota and ASD from January 1, 1980 to April 1, 2022 by bibliometric analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Publications of ASD and gut microbiota research from 1 January 1980 to 1 April 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Publications and citations trends were analyzed by Excel 2010. CiteSpace was used to analyze countries/regions, authors, institutes, references, and keywords and to visualize the knowledge map. RESULTS A total of 1027 studies were retrieved, and 266 original articles were included after screening. The most published countries and institutes were the United States and King Saud University. Afaf El-Aansary published the most articles, while Finegold SM had the highest co-citations. Hotspots and emerging trends in this area may be indicated by co-cited references and keywords and their clusters, including "gut-brain axis," "behavior," "chain fatty acid," "brain," "feces," "propionic acid," "clostridium perfringens," and "species clostridium innocuum." CONCLUSION The United States dominants the research in this field, which focuses on the alterations of gut microbiota composition and its metabolites, among which the roles of the genus Clostridium and metabolites of short-chain fatty acids, especially propionic acid, are priorities. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a promising complementary therapy. In general, research in this area is sparse, but it still has great research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runjin Zhou
- Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Xia
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zeng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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