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Kizilbash SJ, Connolly H, Bartosh S, Zahr R, Al-Akash S, Chishti A, Mansuri A, Tawadrous H, Jain NG. Probiotic use in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: What are current practices, and are they evidence-based? A pediatric nephrology research consortium study. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14790. [PMID: 38837638 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are living microorganisms that may confer health benefits to their host if administered in sufficient quantities. However, data on the use of probiotics in transplant recipients are scarce. METHOD This multi-center survey of pediatric nephrologists aimed to examine variations in practice regarding the use of probiotics in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The survey was conducted via a 10-item questionnaire (developed in Survey Monkey) administered to pediatric nephrologists participating in the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium meeting in April 2023. RESULTS Sixty-four pediatric nephrologists completed the survey. Twenty-seven (42.2%) respondents reported having prescribed probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The primary reason for probiotic use was the treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (n = 20), with other reasons including recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (n = 15), general gut health promotion (n = 12), recurrent urinary tract infections (n = 8), and parental request (n = 1). Of those who prescribed probiotics, 48.1% held them during periods of neutropenia and 14.8% during central venous line use. Of the 64 respondents, 20 reported the lack of safety data as a concern for using probiotics in kidney transplant recipients. CONCLUSION Pediatric nephrologists are increasingly prescribing probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients; nevertheless, substantial practice variations exist. The paucity of safety data is a significant deterrent to probiotic use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kizilbash
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - H Connolly
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
| | - S Bartosh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - R Zahr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - S Al-Akash
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - A Chishti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - A Mansuri
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Medical college of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - H Tawadrous
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - N G Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
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2
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Kunath BJ, De Rudder C, Laczny CC, Letellier E, Wilmes P. The oral-gut microbiome axis in health and disease. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01075-5. [PMID: 39039286 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The human body hosts trillions of microorganisms throughout many diverse habitats with different physico-chemical characteristics. Among them, the oral cavity and the gut harbour some of the most dense and diverse microbial communities. Although these two sites are physiologically distinct, they are directly connected and can influence each other in several ways. For example, oral microorganisms can reach and colonize the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the context of gut dysbiosis. However, the mechanisms of colonization and the role that the oral microbiome plays in causing or exacerbating diseases in other organs have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we describe recent advances in our understanding of how the oral and intestinal microbiota interplay in relation to their impact on human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit J Kunath
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Charlotte De Rudder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cedric C Laczny
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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3
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Zhang KK, Wan JY, Chen YC, Cheng CH, Zhou HQ, Zheng DK, Lan ZX, You QH, Sun J. Polystyrene nanoplastics exacerbate aflatoxin B1-induced hepatic injuries by modulating the gut-liver axis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173285. [PMID: 38772488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Dietary pollution of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) poses a great threat to global food safety, which can result in serious hepatic injuries. Following the widespread use of plastic tableware, co-exposure to microplastics and AFB1 has dramatically increased. However, whether microplastics could exert synergistic effects with AFB1 and amplify its hepatotoxicity, and the underlying mechanisms are still unelucidated. Here, mice were orally exposed to 100 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (NPs) and AFB1 to investigate the influences of NPs on AFB1-induced hepatic injuries. We found that exposure to only NPs or AFB1 resulted in colonic inflammation and the impairment of the intestinal barrier, which was exacerbated by combined exposure to NPs and AFB1. Meanwhile, co-exposure to NPs exacerbated AFB1-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota and remodeling of the fecal metabolome. Moreover, NPs and AFB1 co-exposure exhibited higher levels of systemic inflammatory factors compared to AFB1 exposure. Additionally, NPs co-exposure further exacerbated AFB1-induced hepatic fibrosis and inflammation, which could be associated with the overactivation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Notably, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the exacerbation of NPs co-exposure was closely associated with microbial dysbiosis. Furthermore, microbiota from NPs-exposed mice (NPsFMT) partly reproduced the exacerbation of NPs on AFB1-induced systemic and hepatic inflammation, but not fibrosis. In summary, our findings indicate that gut microbiota could be involved in the exacerbation of NPs on AFB1-induced hepatic injuries, highlighting the health risks of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Chang-Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - He-Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - De-Kai Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qiu-Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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4
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Trinh P, Teichman S, Roberts MC, Rabinowitz PM, Willis AD. A cross-sectional comparison of gut metagenomes between dairy workers and community controls. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:708. [PMID: 39033279 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a nexus of routine antibiotic use and zoonotic pathogen presence, the livestock farming environment is a potential hotspot for the emergence of zoonotic diseases and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Livestock can further facilitate disease transmission by serving as intermediary hosts for pathogens before a spillover event. In light of this, we aimed to characterize the microbiomes and resistomes of dairy workers, whose exposure to the livestock farming environment places them at risk for facilitating community transmission of antibiotic resistant genes and emerging zoonotic diseases. RESULTS Using shotgun sequencing, we investigated differences in the taxonomy, diversity and gene presence of 10 dairy farm workers and 6 community controls' gut metagenomes, contextualizing these samples with additional publicly available gut metagenomes. We found no significant differences in the prevalence of resistance genes, virulence factors, or taxonomic composition between the two groups. The lack of statistical significance may be attributed, in part, to the limited sample size of our study or the potential similarities in exposures between the dairy workers and community controls. We did, however, observe patterns warranting further investigation including greater abundance of tetracycline resistance genes and prevalence of cephamycin resistance genes as well as lower average gene diversity (even after accounting for differential sequencing depth) in dairy workers' metagenomes. We also found evidence of commensal organism association with tetracycline resistance genes in both groups (including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ligilactobacillus animalis, and Simiaoa sunii). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the utility of shotgun metagenomics in examining the microbiomes and resistomes of livestock workers, focusing on a cohort of dairy workers in the United States. While our study revealed no statistically significant differences between groups in taxonomy, diversity and gene presence, we observed patterns in antibiotic resistance gene abundance and prevalence that align with findings from previous studies of livestock workers in China and Europe. Our results lay the groundwork for future research involving larger cohorts of dairy and non-dairy workers to better understand the impact of occupational exposure to livestock farming on the microbiomes and resistomes of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Trinh
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Sarah Teichman
- Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Marilyn C Roberts
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Peter M Rabinowitz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Amy D Willis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
- Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
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5
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Covello C, Becherucci G, Di Vincenzo F, Del Gaudio A, Pizzoferrato M, Cammarota G, Gasbarrini A, Scaldaferri F, Mentella MC. Parenteral Nutrition, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Gut Barrier: An Intricate Plot. Nutrients 2024; 16:2288. [PMID: 39064731 PMCID: PMC11279609 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition poses a critical challenge in inflammatory bowel disease, with the potential to detrimentally impact medical treatment, surgical outcomes, and general well-being. Parenteral nutrition is crucial in certain clinical scenarios, such as with patients suffering from short bowel syndrome, intestinal insufficiency, high-yielding gastrointestinal fistula, or complete small bowel obstruction, to effectively manage malnutrition. Nevertheless, research over the years has attempted to define the potential effects of parenteral nutrition on the intestinal barrier and the composition of the gut microbiota. In this narrative review, we have gathered and analyzed findings from both preclinical and clinical studies on this topic. Based on existing evidence, there is a clear correlation between short- and long-term parenteral nutrition and negative effects on the intestinal system. These include mucosal atrophic damage and immunological and neuroendocrine dysregulation, as well as alterations in gut barrier permeability and microbiota composition. However, the mechanistic role of these changes in inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. Therefore, further research is necessary to effectively address the numerous gaps and unanswered questions pertaining to these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Covello
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (F.D.V.); (A.D.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Guia Becherucci
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Federica Di Vincenzo
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (F.D.V.); (A.D.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (F.D.V.); (A.D.G.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Pizzoferrato
- UOC Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- UOC Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.C.)
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (F.D.V.); (A.D.G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Scaldaferri
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro di Malattie dell’Apparato Digerente (CEMAD), Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Mentella
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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6
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Imam MW, Luqman S. Unveiling the mechanism of essential oil action against skin pathogens: from ancient wisdom to modern science. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:347. [PMID: 38985339 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Essential oils are among the most well-known phyto-compounds, and since ancient times, they have been utilized in medicine. Over 100 essential oils have been identified and utilized as therapies for various skin infections and related ailments. While numerous commercial medicines are available in different dosage forms to treat skin diseases, the persisting issues include their side effects, toxicity, and low efficacy. As a result, researchers are seeking novel classes of compounds as substitutes for synthetic drugs, aiming for minimal side effects, no toxicity, and high efficacy. Essential oils have shown promising antimicrobial activity against skin-associated pathogens. This review presents essential knowledge and scientific information regarding essential oil's antimicrobial capabilities against microorganisms that cause skin infections. Essential oils mechanisms against different pathogens have also been explored. Many essential oils exhibit promising activity against various microbes, which has been qualitatively assessed using the agar disc diffusion experiment, followed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration for quantitative evaluation. It has been observed that Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans have been extensively researched in the context of skin-related infections and their antimicrobial activity, including established modes of action. In contrast, other skin pathogens such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogens, Propionibacterium acnes, and Malassezia furfur have received less attention or neglected. This review report provides an updated understanding of the mechanisms of action of various essential oils with antimicrobial properties. This review explores the anti-infectious activity and mode of action of essential against distinct skin pathogens. Such knowledge can be valuable in treating skin infections and related ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Waquar Imam
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Long AE, Pitta D, Hennessy M, Indugu N, Vecchiarelli B, Luethy D, Aceto H, Hurcombe S. Assessment of fecal bacterial viability and diversity in fresh and frozen fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) product in horses. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:306. [PMID: 38987780 PMCID: PMC11234551 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, lack of standardization for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in equine practice has resulted in highly variable techniques, and there is no data on the bacterial metabolic activity or viability of the administered product. The objectives of this study were to compare the total and potentially metabolically active bacterial populations in equine FMT, and assess the effect of different frozen storage times, buffers, and temperatures on an equine FMT product. Fresh feces collected from three healthy adult horses was subjected to different storage methods. This included different preservation solutions (saline plus glycerol or saline only), temperature (-20 °C or -80 °C), and time (fresh, 30, 60, or 90 days). Samples underwent DNA extraction to assess total bacterial populations (both live and dead combined) and RNA extraction followed by reverse transcription to cDNA as a proxy to assess viable bacteria, then 16s rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using the V1-V2 region. RESULTS The largest difference in population indices and taxonomic composition at the genus level was seen when evaluating the results of DNA-based (total) and cDNA-based (potentially metabolically active) extraction method. At the community level, alpha diversity (observed species, Shannon diversity) was significantly decreased in frozen samples for DNA-based analysis (P < 0.05), with less difference seen for cDNA-based sequencing. Using DNA-based analysis, length of storage had a significant impact (P < 0.05) on the bacterial community profiles. For potentially metabolically active populations, storage overall had less of an effect on the bacterial community composition, with a significant effect of buffer (P < 0.05). Individual horse had the most significant effect within both DNA and cDNA bacterial communities. CONCLUSIONS Frozen storage of equine FMT material can preserve potentially metabolically active bacteria of the equine fecal microbiome, with saline plus glycerol preservation more effective than saline alone. Larger studies are needed to determine if these findings apply to other individual horses. The ability to freeze FMT material for use in equine patients could allow for easier clinical use of fecal transplant in horses with disturbances in their intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia E Long
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
| | - Dipti Pitta
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Meagan Hennessy
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Nagaraju Indugu
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie Vecchiarelli
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Daniela Luethy
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Helen Aceto
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Hurcombe
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA
- Veterinary Innovative Partners, New York, NY, USA
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Bi X, Wang Y, Qiu A, Wu S, Zhan W, Liu H, Li H, Qiu R, Chen G. Effects of arsenic on gut microbiota and its bioaccumulation and biotransformation in freshwater invertebrate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134623. [PMID: 38754231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of arsenic stress on the gut microbiota of a freshwater invertebrate, specifically the apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata), and elucidate its potential role in arsenic bioaccumulation and biotransformation. Waterborne arsenic exposure experiments were conducted to characterize the snail's gut microbiomes. The results indicate that low concentration of arsenic increased the abundance of gut bacteria, while high concentration decreased it. The dominant bacterial phyla in the snail were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota. In vitro analyses confirmed the critical involvement of the gut microbiota in arsenic bioaccumulation and biotransformation. To further validate the functionality of the gut microbiota in vivo, antibiotic treatment was administered to eliminate the gut microbiota in the snails, followed by exposure to waterborne arsenic. The results demonstrated that antibiotic treatment reduced the total arsenic content and the proportion of arsenobetaine in the snail's body. Moreover, the utilization of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling provided a deeper understanding of the processes of bioaccumulation, metabolism, and distribution. In conclusion, our research highlights the adaptive response of gut microbiota to arsenic stress and provides valuable insights into their potential role in the bioaccumulation and biotransformation of arsenic in host organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Arsenic, a widely distributed and carcinogenic metalloid, with significant implications for its toxicity to both humans and aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of As on gut microbiota and its bioaccumulation and biotransformation in freshwater invertebrates. These results help us to understand the mechanism of gut microbiota in aquatic invertebrates responding to As stress and the role of gut microbiota in As bioaccumulation and biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Bi
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Aiting Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shengze Wu
- Guangdong Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Wenhui Zhan
- Guangdong Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guangdong Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Huashou Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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9
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Sittiya J, Nii T. Effects of oligosaccharides on performance, intestinal morphology, microbiota and immune reactions in laying hens challenged with dextran sodium sulfate. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104062. [PMID: 39067127 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of oligosaccharide extract from bamboo shoot (BOS) on the performance, intestinal morphology, microbiota and immune reaction of laying hens challenged with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Thirty-two White Leghorn hens (480 days old) were divided into 4 groups (8 hens each) with similar mean body weights: C (basal diet), D (basal diet + DSS), B (5 g/kg BOS diet), and BD (5 g/kg BOS diet + DSS). They were administered a single oral dose of 4 mL of distilled water/kg body weight with or without 0.45 g of DSS for 7 consecutive days from the 14th d to the 21st d of the experiment. The important findings were that (1) The egg yolk ratio was decreased by DSS treatment, but it was improved by BOS treatment, which also increased the egg shell ratio. (2) The diversity of intestinal microbiota and relative abundance of 4 bacteria genera were increased by BOS treatment. (3) Intestinal morphology was not affected by DSS and BOS, but the leukocytes accumulation in the liver was increased by DSS treatment and suppressed by BOS treatment. (4) Dietary BOS treatment influenced the mRNA expression of Th-1 and Treg cytokines in the liver and Th-17 cytokines in both intestine and liver of laying hens. These results suggest that BOS may enhance egg quality, Th-1 and Th-17 immune function without causing tissue damage under normal condition, and may suppress the excessive inflammatory responses during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janjira Sittiya
- Faculty of Animal Science and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi 76120, Thailand
| | - Takahiro Nii
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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Osbelt L, Almási ÉDH, Wende M, Kienesberger S, Voltz A, Lesker TR, Muthukumarasamy U, Knischewski N, Nordmann E, Bielecka AA, Giralt-Zúñiga M, Kaganovitch E, Kühne C, Baier C, Pietsch M, Müsken M, Greweling-Pils MC, Breinbauer R, Flieger A, Schlüter D, Müller R, Erhardt M, Zechner EL, Strowig T. Klebsiella oxytoca inhibits Salmonella infection through multiple microbiota-context-dependent mechanisms. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:1792-1811. [PMID: 38862602 PMCID: PMC11222139 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The Klebsiella oxytoca species complex is part of the human microbiome, especially during infancy and childhood. K. oxytoca species complex strains can produce enterotoxins, namely, tilimycin and tilivalline, while also contributing to colonization resistance (CR). The relationship between these seemingly contradictory roles is not well understood. Here, by coupling ex vivo assays with CRISPR-mutagenesis and various mouse models, we show that K. oxytoca provides CR against Salmonella Typhimurium. In vitro, the antimicrobial activity against various Salmonella strains depended on tilimycin production and was induced by various simple carbohydrates. In vivo, CR against Salmonella depended on toxin production in germ-free mice, while it was largely toxin-independent in mice with residual microbiota. This was linked to the relative levels of toxin-inducing carbohydrates in vivo. Finally, dulcitol utilization was essential for toxin-independent CR in gnotobiotic mice. Together, this demonstrates that nutrient availability is key to both toxin-dependent and substrate-driven competition between K. oxytoca and Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Éva D H Almási
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marie Wende
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kienesberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Voltz
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Nele Knischewski
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elke Nordmann
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Agata A Bielecka
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - María Giralt-Zúñiga
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugen Kaganovitch
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caroline Kühne
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claas Baier
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Pietsch
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11)/National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Mathias Müsken
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Breinbauer
- BioTechMed-Graz, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Antje Flieger
- Division of Enteropathogenic Bacteria and Legionella (FG11)/National Reference Centre for Salmonella and other Bacterial Enteric Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Erhardt
- Institute for Biology-Molecular Microbiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ellen L Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Center for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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11
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Jose L, Lee W, Hanya G, Tuuga A, Goossens B, Tangah J, Matsuda I, Kumar VS. Gut microbial community in proboscis monkeys ( Nasalis larvatus): implications for effects of geographical and social factors. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231756. [PMID: 39050721 PMCID: PMC11265907 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent technological advances have enabled comprehensive analyses of the previously uncharacterized microbial community in the gastrointestinal tracts of numerous animal species; however, the gut microbiota of several species, such as the endangered proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) examined in this study, remains poorly understood. Our study sought to establish the first comprehensive data on the gut microbiota of free-ranging foregut-fermenting proboscis monkeys and to determine how their microbiota are affected locally by environmental factors, i.e. geographical distance, and social factors, i.e. the number of adult females within harem groups and the number of adults and subadults within non-harem groups, in a riverine forest in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 264 faecal samples collected from free-ranging proboscis monkeys, we demonstrated the trend that their microbial community composition is not particularly distinctive compared with other foregut- and hindgut-fermenting primates. The microbial alpha diversity was higher in larger groups and individuals inhabiting diverse vegetation (i.e. presumed to have a diverse diet). For microbial beta diversity, some measures were significant, showing higher values with larger geographical distances between samples. These results suggest that social factors such as increased inter-individual interactions, which can occur with larger groups, as well as physical distances between individuals or differences in dietary patterns, may affect the gut microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Jose
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88400, Malaysia
| | - Wanyi Lee
- National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Inuyama484-8506, Japan
| | - Goro Hanya
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Inuyama484-8506, Japan
| | - Augustine Tuuga
- Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88100, Malaysia
| | - Benoit Goossens
- Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88100, Malaysia
- Danau Girang Field Centre, Sabah Wildlife Department, Wisma Muis, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88100, Malaysia
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, CardiffCF10 3AX, UK
| | - Joseph Tangah
- Sabah Forestry Department, Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ikki Matsuda
- Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto606-8203, Japan
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi487-8501, Japan
- Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi487-8501, Japan
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88400, Malaysia
| | - Vijay Subbiah Kumar
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88400, Malaysia
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12
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Yadegar A, Bar-Yoseph H, Monaghan TM, Pakpour S, Severino A, Kuijper EJ, Smits WK, Terveer EM, Neupane S, Nabavi-Rad A, Sadeghi J, Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Nap-Hill E, Leung D, Wong K, Kao D. Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0006022. [PMID: 38717124 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYGiven the importance of gut microbial homeostasis in maintaining health, there has been considerable interest in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for restoring gut microbiota. One such approach, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), is the main "whole gut microbiome replacement" strategy and has been integrated into clinical practice guidelines for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). Furthermore, the potential application of FMT in other indications such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), metabolic syndrome, and solid tumor malignancies is an area of intense interest and active research. However, the complex and variable nature of FMT makes it challenging to address its precise functionality and to assess clinical efficacy and safety in different disease contexts. In this review, we outline clinical applications, efficacy, durability, and safety of FMT and provide a comprehensive assessment of its procedural and administration aspects. The clinical applications of FMT in children and cancer immunotherapy are also described. We focus on data from human studies in IBD in contrast with rCDI to delineate the putative mechanisms of this treatment in IBD as a model, including colonization resistance and functional restoration through bacterial engraftment, modulating effects of virome/phageome, gut metabolome and host interactions, and immunoregulatory actions of FMT. Furthermore, we comprehensively review omics technologies, metagenomic approaches, and bioinformatics pipelines to characterize complex microbial communities and discuss their limitations. FMT regulatory challenges, ethical considerations, and pharmacomicrobiomics are also highlighted to shed light on future development of tailored microbiome-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haggai Bar-Yoseph
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tanya Marie Monaghan
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sepideh Pakpour
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UBC, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrea Severino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ed J Kuijper
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M Terveer
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sukanya Neupane
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Sadeghi
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UBC, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Estello Nap-Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dickson Leung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Hui S, Kan W, Qin S, He P, Zhao J, Li H, Bai J, Wen J, Mou W, Hou M, Wei Z, Lin L, Xiao X, Xu G, Bai Z. Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharides ameliorates cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis by inhibiting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374179. [PMID: 38904004 PMCID: PMC11188434 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: G. uralensis Fisch. (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is an ancient and widely used traditional Chinese medicine with good efficacy in clearing heat and detoxifying action. Studies suggest that Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Polysaccharides (GUP), one of the major components of G. uralensis, has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective effects., but its exact molecular mechanism has not been explored in depth. Aim of the study: Objectives of our research are about exploring the anti-inflammatory role of GUP and the mechanisms of its action. Materials and methods: ELISA kits, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, immunoprecipitation and DMXAA-mediated STING activation mice models were performed to investigate the role of GUP on the cGAS-STING pathway. To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of GUP, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis models were employed. Results: GUP could effectively inhibit the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway accompany by a decrease the expression of type I interferon-related genes and inflammatory factors in BMDMs, THP-1, and human PBMCs. Mechanistically, GUP does not affect the oligomerization of STING, but affects the interaction of STING with TBK1 and TBK1 with IRF3. Significantly, GUP had great therapeutic effects on DMXAA-induced agonist experiments in vivo as well as CLP sepsis in mice. Conclusion: Our studies suggest that GUP is an effective inhibitor of the cGAS-STING pathway, which may be a potential medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Hui
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wen Kan
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuanglin Qin
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Chinese People Liberty Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Mou
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Manting Hou
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Wei
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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14
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Li J, Bai J, Yang Y, Wu Z. Low-protein diet supplemented with 1% L-glutamine improves growth performance, serum biochemistry, redox status, plasma amino acids, and alters fecal microbiota in weaned piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:144-154. [PMID: 38766517 PMCID: PMC11101948 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine, one of the most abundant amino acids in the body, has been shown to exert various beneficial effects in pigs. However, knowledge regarding the role of dietary glutamine in low-protein diet-fed piglets remains scarce. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of L-glutamine on growth performance, serum biochemistry parameters, redox status, amino acids, and fecal microbiota in low-protein diet-fed piglets. A total of 128 healthy crossbred piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 4 replicate pens, with 8 piglets per pen. Piglets in the 4 groups were fed with corn and soybean meal-based low-protein diets (crude protein level, 17%) that contained 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% L-glutamine, respectively, for 28 d. Pigs administered 1% L-glutamine had greater body weight on d 28 and average daily gain (ADG, P < 0.01), whereas a lower feed to gain ratio (F:G) from d 1 to 28 (P < 0.01), compared to the other three groups. Besides, lower body weight on d 14 and 28, ADG, average daily feed intake, and higher F:G from d 15 to 28 and d 1 to 28 were observed in response to 2% and 3% L-glutamine treatments than 0% and 1% L-glutamine treatments (P < 0.01). Moreover, 1% L-glutamine reduced serum glucose, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide concentrations and inhibited aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, myeloperoxidase activities in low-protein diet-fed piglets on d 14, with concomitantly upregulated catalase, total superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione level (P < 0.05). However, dietary 3% L-glutamine enhanced blood urea nitrogen content in pigs on d 14 (P < 0.05). Further investigation revealed that 1% L-glutamine upregulated the serum glutamine, lysine, methionine, tyrosine, and reduced plasma valine content (P < 0.05). Additionally, 1% L-glutamine upregulated the abundance of p_75_a5, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, Prevotellaceae_Prevotella, and Gemmiger in the stool of piglets on d 14, with the Streptococcus level being concomitantly reduced (P < 0.05). Collectively, dietary 1% L-glutamine enhances the growth performance and improves serum physiochemical parameters and antioxidative capacity in low-protein diet-fed piglets at an early age, which are associated with an increased synthesis of glutathione by modulating amino acid levels, and the optimization of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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15
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Tony-Odigie A, Dalpke AH, Boutin S, Yi B. Airway commensal bacteria in cystic fibrosis inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa via a released metabolite. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127680. [PMID: 38520837 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection plays a critical role in disease progression. Although multiple studies suggest that airway commensals might be able to interfere with pathogenic bacteria, the role of the distinct commensals in the polymicrobial lung infections is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify airway commensal bacteria that may inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa. Through a screening study with more than 80 CF commensal strains across 21 species, more than 30 commensal strains from various species have been identified to be able to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa. The underlying mechanisms were investigated via genomic, metabolic and functional analysis, revealing that the inhibitory commensals may affect the growth of P. aeruginosa by releasing a large amount of acetic acid. The data provide information about the distinct roles of airway commensals and provide insights into novel strategies for controlling airway infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tony-Odigie
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H Dalpke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Boutin
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; University of Lübeck, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Buqing Yi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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16
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Eveleens Maarse BC, Eggink HM, Warnke I, Bijlsma S, van den Broek TJ, Oosterman JE, Caspers MPM, Sybesma W, Gal P, van Kraaij SJW, Schuren FHJ, Moerland M, Hoevenaars FPM. Impact of fibre supplementation on microbiome and resilience in healthy participants: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1416-1426. [PMID: 38499450 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gut microbiome exerts important roles in health, e.g., functions in metabolism and immunology. These functions are often exerted via short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production by gut bacteria. Studies demonstrating causal relationships between interventions targeting the microbiome and clinical outcomes are limited. This study aimed to show a causal relationship between microbiome modulation through fibre intervention and health. METHODS AND RESULTS This randomized, double-blind, cross-over study included 65 healthy subjects, aged 45-70 years, with increased metabolic risk (i.e., body mass index [BMI] 25-30 kg/m2, low to moderate daily dietary fibre intake, <30g/day). Subjects took daily a fibre mixture of Acacia gum and carrot powder or placebo for 12 weeks, with an 8-week wash-out period. Faecal samples for measurement of SCFAs and microbiome analysis were collected every 4 weeks. Before and after each intervention period subjects underwent the mixed-meal PhenFlex challenge Test (PFT). Health effects were expressed as resilience to the stressors of the PFT and as fasting metabolic and inflammatory state. The fibre mixture exerted microbiome modulation, with an increase in β-diversity (p < 0.001). α-diversity was lower during fibre mixture intake compared to placebo after 4, 8 and 12 weeks (p = 0.002; p = 0.012; p = 0.031). There was no effect observed on faecal SCFA concentrations, nor on any of the primary clinical outcomes (Inflammatory resilience: p = 0.605, Metabolic resilience: p = 0.485). CONCLUSION Although the intervention exerted effects on gut microbiome composition, no effects on SCFA production, on resilience or fasting metabolic and inflammatory state were observed in this cohort. REGISTRATION NUMBER CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT04829396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boukje C Eveleens Maarse
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hannah M Eggink
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ines Warnke
- dsm-firmenich, CH-4303, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Bijlsma
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J van den Broek
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johanneke E Oosterman
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martien P M Caspers
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pim Gal
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan J W van Kraaij
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frank H J Schuren
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Femke P M Hoevenaars
- TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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17
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Miki T, Haneda T, Okada N, Ito M. Possible link between colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by Citrobacter rodentium in C57BL/6 mice and microbiota composition. Microbiol Immunol 2024; 68:206-211. [PMID: 38644589 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Colonization resistance, conferred by the host's microbiota through both direct and indirect protective actions, serves to protect the host from enteric infections. Here, we identified the specific members of the gut microbiota that impact gastrointestinal colonization by Citrobacter rodentium, a murine pathogen causing colonic crypt hyperplasia. The gut colonization levels of C. rodentium in C57BL/6 mice varied among breeding facilities, probably due to differences in microbiota composition. A comprehensive analysis of the microbiota revealed that specific members of the microbiota may influence gut colonization by C. rodentium, thus providing a potential link between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Miki
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Haneda
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okada
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Speciale A, Molonia MS, Muscarà C, Cristani M, Salamone FL, Saija A, Cimino F. An overview on the cellular mechanisms of anthocyanins in maintaining intestinal integrity and function. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105953. [PMID: 38588905 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Structural and functional changes of the intestinal barrier, as a consequence of a number of (epi)genetic and environmental causes, have a main role in penetrations of pathogens and toxic agents, and lead to the development of inflammation-related pathological conditions, not only at the level of the GI tract but also in other extra-digestive tissues and organs. Anthocyanins (ACNs), a subclass of polyphenols belonging to the flavonoid group, are well known for their health-promoting properties and are widely distributed in the human diet. There is large evidence about the correlation between the human intake of ACN-rich products and a reduction of intestinal inflammation and dysfunction. Our review describes the more recent advances in the knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms through which ACNs can modulate the main mechanisms involved in intestinal dysfunction and inflammation, in particular the inhibition of the NF-κB, JNK, MAPK, STAT3, and TLR4 proinflammatory pathways, the upregulation of the Nrf2 transcription factor and the expression of tight junction proteins and mucins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Speciale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy; "Prof. Antonio Imbesi" Foundation, University of Messina, Messina 98100, Italy.
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Federica Lina Salamone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Antonella Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
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19
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Cherrak Y, Salazar MA, Yilmaz K, Kreuzer M, Hardt WD. Commensal E. coli limits Salmonella gut invasion during inflammation by producing toxin-bound siderophores in a tonB-dependent manner. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002616. [PMID: 38865418 PMCID: PMC11168627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is densely colonized by a polymicrobial community known as the microbiota which serves as primary line of defence against pathogen invasion. The microbiota can limit gut-luminal pathogen growth at different stages of infection. This can be traced to specific commensal strains exhibiting direct or indirect protective functions. Although these mechanisms hold the potential to develop new approaches to combat enteric pathogens, they remain far from being completely described. In this study, we investigated how a mouse commensal Escherichia coli can outcompete Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm). Using a salmonellosis mouse model, we found that the commensal E. coli 8178 strain relies on a trojan horse trap strategy to limit S. Tm expansion in the inflamed gut. Combining mutants and reporter tools, we demonstrated that inflammation triggers the expression of the E. coli 8178 antimicrobial microcin H47 toxin which, when fused to salmochelin siderophores, can specifically alter S. Tm growth. This protective function was compromised upon disruption of the E. coli 8178 tonB-dependent catecholate siderophore uptake system, highlighting a previously unappreciated crosstalk between iron intake and microcin H47 activity. By identifying the genetic determinants mediating S. Tm competition, our work not only provides a better mechanistic understanding of the protective function displayed by members of the gut microbiota but also further expands the general contribution of microcins in bacterial antagonistic relationships. Ultimately, such insights can open new avenues for developing microbiota-based approaches to better control intestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Cherrak
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Angel Salazar
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Koray Yilmaz
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Kreuzer
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Sadeghi M, Mestivier D, Sobhani I. Contribution of pks+ Escherichia coli ( E. coli) to Colon Carcinogenesis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1111. [PMID: 38930493 PMCID: PMC11205849 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as a significant global health concern, ranking second in mortality and third in frequency among cancers worldwide. While only a small fraction of CRC cases can be attributed to inherited genetic mutations, the majority arise sporadically due to somatic mutations. Emerging evidence reveals gut microbiota dysbiosis to be a contributing factor, wherein polyketide synthase-positive Escherichia coli (pks+ E. coli) plays a pivotal role in CRC pathogenesis. pks+ bacteria produce colibactin, a genotoxic protein that causes deleterious effects on DNA within host colonocytes. In this review, we examine the role of the gut microbiota in colon carcinogenesis, elucidating how colibactin-producer bacteria induce DNA damage, promote genomic instability, disrupt the gut epithelial barrier, induce mucosal inflammation, modulate host immune responses, and influence cell cycle dynamics. Collectively, these actions foster a microenvironment conducive to tumor initiation and progression. Understanding the mechanisms underlying pks+ bacteria-mediated CRC development may pave the way for mass screening, early detection of tumors, and therapeutic strategies such as microbiota modulation, bacteria-targeted therapy, checkpoint inhibition of colibactin production and immunomodulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadeghi
- EA7375–EC2M3: Early, Detection of Colonic Cancer by Using Microbial & Molecular Markers, Paris East Créteil University (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Denis Mestivier
- EA7375–EC2M3: Early, Detection of Colonic Cancer by Using Microbial & Molecular Markers, Paris East Créteil University (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Iradj Sobhani
- EA7375–EC2M3: Early, Detection of Colonic Cancer by Using Microbial & Molecular Markers, Paris East Créteil University (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France;
- Department of Gastroenterology, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Henri Mondor Hospital, 94010 Créteil, France
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21
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Zou J, Luan H, Xi P, Xue J, Fan J, Zhong X, Zhou X, Song X, Zhao X, Zou Y, Li L, Jia R, Fu Y, Liu Z, Yin Z. Gallnut tannic acid alleviates gut damage induced by Salmonella pullorum in broilers by enhancing barrier function and modulating microbiota. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1382288. [PMID: 38863452 PMCID: PMC11166010 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1382288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pullorum disease (PD) is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella pullorum (S. pullorum) that affects poultry. It is highly infectious and often fatal. Antibiotics are currently the mainstay of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for PD, but their use can lead to the development of resistance in pathogenic bacteria and disruption of the host's intestinal flora. We added neomycin sulfate and different doses of tannic acid (TA) to the drinking water of chicks at 3 days of age and infected them with PD by intraperitoneal injection of S. pullorum at 9 days of age. We analyzed intestinal histopathological changes and the expression of immune-related genes and proteins by using the plate smear method, histological staining, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, ELISA kits, and 16S rRNA Analysis of intestinal flora. The results demonstrate that S. pullorum induces alterations in the immune status and impairs the functionality of the liver and intestinal barrier. We found that tannic acid significantly ameliorated S. pullorum-induced liver and intestinal damage, protected the intestinal physical and chemical barriers, restored the intestinal immune barrier function, and regulated the intestinal flora. Our results showed that TA has good anti-diarrhoeal, growth-promoting, immune-regulating, intestinal barrier-protecting and intestinal flora-balancing effects, and the best effect was achieved at an additive dose of 0.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongliang Luan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Qilu Animal Health Products Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Pengyuan Xi
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junshu Xue
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Fan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhong
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinghong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongxiu Liu
- Chengdu QianKun Veterinary Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Lin Q, Lin S, Fan Z, Liu J, Ye D, Guo P. A Review of the Mechanisms of Bacterial Colonization of the Mammal Gut. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1026. [PMID: 38792855 PMCID: PMC11124445 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A healthy animal intestine hosts a diverse population of bacteria in a symbiotic relationship. These bacteria utilize nutrients in the host's intestinal environment for growth and reproduction. In return, they assist the host in digesting and metabolizing nutrients, fortifying the intestinal barrier, defending against potential pathogens, and maintaining gut health. Bacterial colonization is a crucial aspect of this interaction between bacteria and the intestine and involves the attachment of bacteria to intestinal mucus or epithelial cells through nonspecific or specific interactions. This process primarily relies on adhesins. The binding of bacterial adhesins to host receptors is a prerequisite for the long-term colonization of bacteria and serves as the foundation for the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Intervening in the adhesion and colonization of bacteria in animal intestines may offer an effective approach to treating gastrointestinal diseases and preventing pathogenic infections. Therefore, this paper reviews the situation and mechanisms of bacterial colonization, the colonization characteristics of various bacteria, and the factors influencing bacterial colonization. The aim of this study was to serve as a reference for further research on bacteria-gut interactions and improving animal gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Lin
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Shiying Lin
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zitao Fan
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
| | - Dingcheng Ye
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
| | - Pingting Guo
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.); (Z.F.)
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23
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Zhou C, Pawline MB, Pironti A, Morales SM, Perault AI, Ulrich RJ, Podkowik M, Lejeune A, DuMont A, Stubbe FX, Korman A, Jones DR, Schluter J, Richardson AR, Fey PD, Drlica K, Cadwell K, Torres VJ, Shopsin B. Microbiota and metabolic adaptation shape Staphylococcus aureus virulence and antimicrobial resistance during intestinal colonization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593044. [PMID: 38766195 PMCID: PMC11100824 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Depletion of microbiota increases susceptibility to gastrointestinal colonization and subsequent infection by opportunistic pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). How the absence of gut microbiota impacts the evolution of MRSA is unknown. The present report used germ-free mice to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of MRSA in the absence of gut microbiota. Through genomic analyses and competition assays, we found that MRSA adapts to the microbiota-free gut through sequential genetic mutations and structural changes that enhance fitness. Initially, these adaptations increase carbohydrate transport; subsequently, evolutionary pathways largely diverge to enhance either arginine metabolism or cell wall biosynthesis. Increased fitness in arginine pathway mutants depended on arginine catabolic genes, especially nos and arcC, which promote microaerobic respiration and ATP generation, respectively. Thus, arginine adaptation likely improves redox balance and energy production in the oxygen-limited gut environment. Findings were supported by human gut metagenomic analyses, which suggest the influence of arginine metabolism on colonization. Surprisingly, these adaptive genetic changes often reduced MRSA's antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Furthermore, resistance mutation, typically associated with decreased virulence, also reduced colonization fitness, indicating evolutionary trade-offs among these traits. The presence of normal microbiota inhibited these adaptations, preserving MRSA's wild-type characteristics that effectively balance virulence, resistance, and colonization fitness. The results highlight the protective role of gut microbiota in preserving a balance of key MRSA traits for long-term ecological success in commensal populations, underscoring the potential consequences on MRSA's survival and fitness during and after host hospitalization and antimicrobial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miranda B. Pawline
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alejandro Pironti
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Microbial Computational Genomic Core Lab, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sabrina M. Morales
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Andrew I. Perault
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert J. Ulrich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Magdalena Podkowik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alannah Lejeune
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashley DuMont
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Aryeh Korman
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Drew R. Jones
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jonas Schluter
- Institute for Systems Genetics, Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anthony R. Richardson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Paul D. Fey
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Karl Drlica
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victor J. Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bo Shopsin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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24
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Pan Y, Wu L, Wang W, Zhang H, Lou H. Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion promotes intestinal colonization by Campylobacter jejuni in mice. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 38724913 PMCID: PMC11080253 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish a method to induce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in the intestines of C57BL/6 mice through antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion. RESULTS Fifty-four female C57BL/6 mice were divided into the normal, control, and experimental groups. The experimental group was administered intragastric cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium (50 mg/mL) for 2 days; then, the experimental and control mice were intragastrically administered 200 µL C. jejuni, which was repeated once more after 2 days. Animal feces were collected, and the HipO gene of C. jejuni was detected using TaqMan qPCR from day 1 to day 14 after modeling completion. Immunofluorescence was used to detect intestinal C. jejuni colonization on day 14, and pathological changes were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Additionally, 16S rDNA analyses of the intestinal contents were conducted on day 14. In the experimental group, C. jejuni was detected in the feces from days 1 to 14 on TaqMan qPCR, and immunofluorescence-labeled C. jejuni were visibly discernable in the intestinal lumen. The intestinal mucosa was generally intact and showed no significant inflammatory-cell infiltration. Diversity analysis of the colonic microbiota showed significant inter-group differences. In the experimental group, the composition of the colonic microbiota differed from that in the other 2 groups at the phylum level, and was characterized by a higher proportion of Bacteroidetes and a lower proportion of Firmicutes. CONCLUSIONS Microbiome depletion induced by cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium could promote long-term colonization of C. jejuni in the intestines of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Chen
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Pan
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wu
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Animal Center, Jinhua Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Research Institute, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Hongqiang Lou
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, No. 1188 Wuzhou Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
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25
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Wu P, Lee PC, Chang TE, Hsieh YC, Chiou JJ, Lin CH, Huang YL, Lin YT, Huo TI, Schnabl B, Lee KC, Hou MC. Fecal Carriage of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Increases the Risk of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhotic Patients: Insights from Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Features. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4328129. [PMID: 38766152 PMCID: PMC11100873 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4328129/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Impact of fecal colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) on changes in gut microbiota and associated metabolites, as well as its role in cirrhosis-associated outcomes, has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods Eighty-eight cirrhotic patients and 22 healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled with analysis conducted on plasma metabolites, fecal MDROs, and microbiota. Patients were followed for a minimum of one year. Predictive factors for cirrhosis-associated outcomes were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression models, and risk factors for fecal MDRO carriage were assessed using logistic regression model. Correlations between microbiota and metabolic profiles were evaluated through Spearman's rank test. Results Twenty-nine (33%) cirrhotic patients exhibited MDRO carriage, with a notably higher rate of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in MDRO carriers (20.7% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.008). Cox regression analysis identified higher serum lipopolysaccharide levels and fecal MDRO carriage as predictors for HE development. Logistic regression analysis showed that MDRO carriage is an independent risk factor for developing HE. Microbiota analysis showed a significant dissimilarity of fecal microbiota between cirrhotic patients with and without MDRO carriage (p = 0.033). Thirty-two metabolites exhibiting significantly different expression levels among healthy controls, cirrhotic patients with and without MDRO carriage were identified. Six of the metabolites showed correlation with specific bacterial taxa expression in MDRO carriers, with isoaustin showing significantly higher levels in MDRO carriers experiencing HE compared to those who did not. Conclusion Fecal MDRO carriage is associated with altered gut microbiota, metabolite modulation, and an elevated risk of HE occurrence within a year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi-Long Huang
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University - Yangming Campus
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26
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Choi J, Thänert R, Reske KA, Nickel KB, Olsen MA, Hink T, Thänert A, Wallace MA, Wang B, Cass C, Barlet MH, Struttmann EL, Iqbal ZH, Sax SR, Fraser VJ, Baker AW, Foy KR, Williams B, Xu B, Capocci-Tolomeo P, Lautenbach E, Burnham CAD, Dubberke ER, Dantas G, Kwon JH. Gut microbiome correlates of recurrent urinary tract infection: a longitudinal, multi-center study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 71:102490. [PMID: 38813445 PMCID: PMC11133793 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect approximately 250 million people annually worldwide. Patients often experience a cycle of antimicrobial treatment and recurrent UTI (rUTI) that is thought to be facilitated by a gut reservoir of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Methods 125 patients with UTI caused by an antibiotic-resistant organism (ARO) were enrolled from July 2016 to May 2019 in a longitudinal, multi-center cohort study. Multivariate statistical models were used to assess the relationship between uropathogen colonization and recurrent UTI (rUTI), controlling for clinical characteristics. 644 stool samples and 895 UPEC isolates were interrogated for taxonomic composition, antimicrobial resistance genes, and phenotypic resistance. Cohort UTI gut microbiome profiles were compared against published healthy and UTI reference microbiomes, as well as assessed within-cohort for timepoint- and recurrence-specific differences. Findings Risk of rUTI was not independently associated with clinical characteristics. The UTI gut microbiome was distinct from healthy reference microbiomes in both taxonomic composition and antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) burden, with 11 differentially abundant taxa at the genus level. rUTI and non-rUTI gut microbiomes in the cohort did not generally differ, but gut microbiomes from urinary tract colonized patients were elevated in E. coli abundance 7-14 days post-antimicrobial treatment. Corresponding UPEC gut isolates from urinary tract colonizing lineages showed elevated phenotypic resistance against 11 of 23 tested drugs compared to non-colonizing lineages. Interpretation The gut microbiome is implicated in UPEC urinary tract colonization during rUTI, serving as an ARG-enriched reservoir for UPEC. UPEC can asymptomatically colonize the gut and urinary tract, and post-antimicrobial blooms of gut E. coli among urinary tract colonized patients suggest that cross-habitat migration of UPEC is an important mechanism of rUTI. Thus, treatment duration and UPEC populations in both the urinary and gastrointestinal tract should be considered in treating rUTI and developing novel therapeutics. Funding This work was supported in part by awards from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenter Prevention Program (grant U54CK000482; principal investigator, V.J.F.); to J.H.K. from the Longer Life Foundation (an RGA/Washington University partnership), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (grants KL2TR002346 and UL1TR002345), and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (grant K23A1137321) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); and to G.D. from NIAID (grant R01AI123394) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant R01HD092414) of NIH. R.T.'s research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; German Research Foundation; grant 402733540). REDCap is Supported by Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Grant UL1 TR002345 and Siteman Comprehensive Cancer Center and NCI Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA091842. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- JooHee Choi
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Thänert
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Reske
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katelin B. Nickel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Margaret A. Olsen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tiffany Hink
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna Thänert
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meghan A. Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Candice Cass
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Margaret H. Barlet
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily L. Struttmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zainab Hassan Iqbal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven R. Sax
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Victoria J. Fraser
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arthur W. Baker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Katherine R. Foy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brett Williams
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ben Xu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pam Capocci-Tolomeo
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ebbing Lautenbach
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carey-Ann D. Burnham
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erik R. Dubberke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gautam Dantas
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennie H. Kwon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - CDC Prevention Epicenters Program
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Serafini N, Di Santo JP. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:126-137. [PMID: 38491842 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to "sense" the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non-antigen-specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the emerging field of trained innate immunity. Here, we summarize recent discoveries regarding ILC3 responses to bacterial challenges and the role these encounters play in triggering trained innate immunity. We further discuss how signaling events throughout ILC3 ontogeny potentially control the development and function of trained ILC3s. Finally, we highlight the open questions surrounding ILC3 "training" the answers to which may reveal new insights into innate immunity. Understanding the fundamental concepts behind trained innate immunity could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for improving immunity-based modulation therapies for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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28
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Fang Q, Yin X, He Y, Feng Y, Zhang L, Luo H, Yin G, McNally A, Zong Z. Safety and efficacy of phage application in bacterial decolonisation: a systematic review. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:e489-e499. [PMID: 38452780 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Colonisation by bacterial pathogens typically precedes invasive infection and seeds transmission. Thus, effective decolonisation strategies are urgently needed. The literature reports attempts to use phages for decolonisation. To assess the in-vivo efficacy and safety of phages for bacterial decolonisation, we performed a systematic review by identifying relevant studies to assess the in-vivo efficacy and safety of phages for bacterial decolonisation. We searched PubMed, Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant articles published between Jan 1, 1990, and May 12, 2023, without language restrictions. We included studies that assessed the efficacy of phage for bacterial decolonisation in humans or vertebrate animal models. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023457637. We identified 6694 articles, of which 56 (51 animal studies and five clinical reports) met the predetermined selection criteria and were included in the final analysis. The gastrointestinal tract (n=49, 88%) was the most studied bacterial colonisation site, and other sites were central venous catheters, lung, nose, skin, and urinary tract. Of the 56 included studies, the bacterial load at the colonisation site was reported to decrease significantly in 45 (80%) studies, but only five described eradication of the target bacteria. 15 studies reported the safety of phages for decolonisation. No obvious adverse events were reported in both the short-term and long-term observation period. Given the increasing life-threatening risks posed by bacteria that are difficult to treat, phages could be an alternative option for bacterial decolonisation, although further optimisation is required before their application to meet clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Fang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of General Practice, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling He
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Linwan Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Luo
- Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geng Yin
- Department of General Practice, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Alan McNally
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zhiyong Zong
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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Gandasegui J, Vergara A, Fleitas P, Rubio E, Fernandez-Pittol M, Aylagas C, Alvarez M, Zancada N, Camprubí-Ferrer D, Vila J, Muñoz J, Petrone P, Casals-Pascual C. Gut microbiota composition in travellers is associated with faecal lipocalin-2, a mediator of gut inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1387126. [PMID: 38736752 PMCID: PMC11082338 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1387126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We examined the gut microbiota of travellers returning from tropical areas with and without traveller's diarrhoea (TD) and its association with faecal lipocalin-2 (LCN2) levels. Methods Participants were recruited at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain, and a single stool sample was collected from each individual to perform the diagnostic of the etiological agent causing gastrointestinal symptoms as well as to measure levels of faecal LCN2 as a biomarker of gut inflammation. We also characterised the composition of the gut microbiota by sequencing the region V3-V4 from the 16S rRNA gene, and assessed its relation with the clinical presentation of TD and LCN2 levels using a combination of conventional statistical tests and unsupervised machine learning approaches. Results Among 61 participants, 45 had TD, with 40% having identifiable etiological agents. Surprisingly, LCN2 levels were similar across groups, suggesting gut inflammation occurs without clinical TD symptoms. Differential abundance (DA) testing highlighted a microbial profile tied to high LCN2 levels, marked by increased Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella, and decreased Firmicutes, notably Oscillospiraceae. UMAP analysis confirmed this profile's association, revealing distinct clusters based on LCN2 levels. The study underscores the discriminatory power of UMAP in capturing meaningful microbial patterns related to clinical variables. No relevant differences in the gut microbiota composition were found between travellers with or without TD. Discussion The findings suggest a correlation between gut microbiome and LCN2 levels during travel, emphasising the need for further research to discern the nature of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Vergara
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Fleitas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Rubio
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Fernandez-Pittol
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Aylagas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Míriam Alvarez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noelia Zancada
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Camprubí-Ferrer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Tropical Medicine and International Health Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Muñoz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Tropical Medicine and International Health Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Petrone
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Climent Casals-Pascual
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Biomedical Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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He Y, Han C, Li C, Yin X, Wang J, Gu L, Yan R, Liu B, Zhou X, He W. Role of N-acetylkynurenine in mediating the effect of gut microbiota on urinary tract infection: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1384095. [PMID: 38711967 PMCID: PMC11070472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1384095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study explored the causal connections between gut microbiota (GM), urinary tract infection (UTI), and potential metabolite mediators using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods We utilized summary statistics from the most comprehensive and extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) available to date, including 196 bacterial traits for GM, 1,091 blood metabolites, 309 metabolite ratios, alongside UTI data from ukb-b-8814 and ebi-a-GCST90013890. Bidirectional MR analyses were conducted to investigate the causal links between GM and UTI. Subsequently, two MR analyses were performed to identify the potential mediating metabolites, followed by a two-step MR analysis to quantify the mediation proportion. Results Our findings revealed that out of the total 15 bacterial traits, significant associations with UTI risk were observed across both datasets. Particularly, taxon g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 displayed a causal link with a diminished UTI risk in both datasets (ukb-b-8814: odds ratio [OR] = 0.9964, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9930-0.9997, P = 0.036; GCST90013890: OR = 0.8252, 95% CI = 0.7217-0.9436, P = 0.005). However, no substantial changes in g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 due to UTI were noted (ukb-b-8814: β = 0.51, P = 0.87; ebi-a-GCST90013890: β = -0.02, P = 0.77). Additionally, variations in 56 specific metabolites were induced by g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010, with N-acetylkynurenine (NAK) exhibiting a causal correlation with UTI. A negative association was found between g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 and NAK (OR: 0.8128, 95% CI: 0.6647-0.9941, P = 0.044), while NAK was positively associated with UTI risk (OR: 1.0009; 95% CI: 1.0002-1.0016; P = 0.0173). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between g_Ruminococcaceae UCG010 and UTI was mediated by NAK with a mediation proportion of 5.07%. Discussion This MR study provides compelling evidence supporting the existence of causal relationships between specific GM taxa and UTI, along with potential mediating metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Han
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Yancheng Dafeng Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Chengjuan Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofan Yin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lina Gu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruxue Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Buhui Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming He
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Tanzarella ES, Cutuli SL, Lombardi G, Cammarota F, Caroli A, Franchini E, Sancho Ferrando E, Grieco DL, Antonelli M, De Pascale G. Antimicrobial De-Escalation in Critically Ill Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:375. [PMID: 38667051 PMCID: PMC11047373 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial de-escalation (ADE) is defined as the discontinuation of one or more antimicrobials in empirical therapy, or the replacement of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with a narrower-spectrum antimicrobial. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the available literature on the effectiveness and safety of ADE in critically ill patients, with a focus on special conditions such as anti-fungal therapy and high-risk categories. Although it is widely considered a safe strategy for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), to date, there has been no assessment of the effect of de-escalation on the development of resistance. Conversely, some authors suggest that prolonged antibiotic treatment may be a side effect of de-escalation, especially in high-risk categories such as neutropenic critically ill patients and intra-abdominal infections (IAIs). Moreover, microbiological documentation is crucial for increasing ADE rates in critically ill patients with infections, and efforts should be focused on exploring new diagnostic tools to accelerate pathogen identification. For these reasons, ADE can be safely used in patients with infections, as confirmed by high-quality and reliable microbiological samplings, although further studies are warranted to clarify its applicability in selected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Salvatore Lucio Cutuli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Gianmarco Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Fabiola Cammarota
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Alessandro Caroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Emanuele Franchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Domenico Luca Grieco
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Gennaro De Pascale
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.S.T.); (S.L.C.); (G.L.); (F.C.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (D.L.G.); (M.A.)
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Sulaiman JE, Thompson J, Qian Y, Vivas EI, Diener C, Gibbons SM, Safdar N, Venturelli OS. Elucidating human gut microbiota interactions that robustly inhibit diverse Clostridioides difficile strains across different nutrient landscapes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.13.589383. [PMID: 38659900 PMCID: PMC11042340 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.13.589383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The human gut pathogen Clostridioides difficile displays extreme genetic variability and confronts a changeable nutrient landscape in the gut. We mapped gut microbiota inter-species interactions impacting the growth and toxin production of diverse C. difficile strains in different nutrient environments. Although negative interactions impacting C. difficile are prevalent in environments promoting resource competition, they are sparse in an environment containing C. difficile-preferred carbohydrates. C. difficile strains display differences in interactions with Clostridium scindens and the ability to compete for proline. C. difficile toxin production displays substantial community-context dependent variation and does not trend with growth-mediated inter-species interactions. C. difficile shows substantial differences in transcriptional profiles in the presence of the closely related species C. hiranonis or C. scindens. In co-culture with C. hiranonis, C. difficile exhibits massive alterations in metabolism and other cellular processes, consistent with their high metabolic overlap. Further, Clostridium hiranonis inhibits the growth and toxin production of diverse C. difficile strains across different nutrient environments and ameliorates the disease severity of a C. difficile challenge in a murine model. In sum, strain-level variability and nutrient environments are major variables shaping gut microbiota interactions with C. difficile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy Evan Sulaiman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jaron Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yili Qian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eugenio I. Vivas
- Gnotobiotic Animal Core Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Sean M. Gibbons
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- eScience Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nasia Safdar
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ophelia S. Venturelli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Pradeu T, Thomma BPHJ, Girardin SE, Lemaitre B. The conceptual foundations of innate immunity: Taking stock 30 years later. Immunity 2024; 57:613-631. [PMID: 38599162 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
While largely neglected over decades during which adaptive immunity captured most of the attention, innate immune mechanisms have now become central to our understanding of immunology. Innate immunity provides the first barrier to infection in vertebrates, and it is the sole mechanism of host defense in invertebrates and plants. Innate immunity also plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis, shaping the microbiota, and in disease contexts such as cancer, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndromes, and aging. The emergence of the field of innate immunity has led to an expanded view of the immune system, which is no longer restricted to vertebrates and instead concerns all metazoans, plants, and even prokaryotes. The study of innate immunity has given rise to new concepts and language. Here, we review the history and definition of the core concepts of innate immunity, discussing their value and fruitfulness in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pradeu
- CNRS UMR 5164 ImmunoConcept, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Presidential Fellow, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
| | - Bart P H J Thomma
- Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephen E Girardin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bruno Lemaitre
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Guan L, Hu A, Ma S, Liu J, Yao X, Ye T, Han M, Yang C, Zhang R, Xiao X, Wu Y. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum postbiotic protects against Salmonella infection in broilers via modulating NLRP3 inflammasome and gut microbiota. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103483. [PMID: 38354474 PMCID: PMC10875300 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella infection is a major concern in poultry production which poses potential risks to food safety. Our previous study confirmed that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) postbiotic exhibited a strong antibacterial capacity on Salmonella in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects and underlying mechanism of LP postbiotic on Salmonella-challenged broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were pretreated with 0.8% deMan Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium or 0.8% LP postbiotic (LP cell-free culture supernatant, LPC) in drinking water for 28 d, and then challenged with 1×109 CFU Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). Birds were sacrificed 3 d postinfection. Results showed that LPC maintained the growth performance by increasing body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in broilers under SE challenge. LPC significantly attenuated SE-induced intestinal mucosal damage. Specifically, it decreased the intestinal injury score, increased villus length and villus/crypt, regulated the expression of intestinal injury-related genes (Villin, matrix metallopeptidase 3 [MMP3], intestinal fatty acid-binding protein [I-FABP]), and enhanced tight junctions (zona occludens-1 [ZO-1] and Claudin-1). SE infection caused a dramatic inflammatory response, as indicated by the up-regulated concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the downregulation of IL-10, while LPC pretreatment markedly reversed this trend. We then found that LPC inhibited the activation of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by decreasing the gene expression of Caspase-1, IL-lβ, and IL-18. Furthermore, LPC suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway (the reduced levels of toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4], myeloid differentiation factor 88 [MyD88], and NF-κB). Finally, our results showed that LPC regulated gut microbiota by enhancing the percentage of Ligilactobacillus and decreasing Alistipes and Barnesiella. In summary, we found that LP postbiotic was effective to protect broilers against Salmonella infection, possibly through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome and optimizing gut microbiota. Our study provides the potential of postbiotics on prevention of Salmonella infection in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Aixin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shiyue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China
| | - Xianci Yao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Meng Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China.
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Sechovcová H, Mahayri TM, Mrázek J, Jarošíková R, Husáková J, Wosková V, Fejfarová V. Gut microbiota in relationship to diabetes mellitus and its late complications with a focus on diabetic foot syndrome: A review. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:259-282. [PMID: 38095802 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting glucose metabolism. The pathophysiological reactions underpinning the disease can lead to the development of late diabetes complications. The gut microbiota plays important roles in weight regulation and the maintenance of a healthy digestive system. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy are all associated with a microbial imbalance in the gut. Modern technical equipment and advanced diagnostic procedures, including xmolecular methods, are commonly used to detect both quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota. This review summarises collective knowledge on the role of the gut microbiota in both types of diabetes mellitus and their late complications, with a particular focus on diabetic foot syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sechovcová
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tiziana Maria Mahayri
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Jakub Mrázek
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Jarošíková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Husáková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Wosková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Fejfarová
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Scott SA, Fu J, Chang PV. Dopamine receptor D2 confers colonization resistance via microbial metabolites. Nature 2024; 628:180-185. [PMID: 38480886 PMCID: PMC11097147 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has major roles in modulating host physiology. One such function is colonization resistance, or the ability of the microbial collective to protect the host against enteric pathogens1-3, including enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7, an attaching and effacing (AE) food-borne pathogen that causes severe gastroenteritis, enterocolitis, bloody diarrhea and acute renal failure4,5 (haemolytic uremic syndrome). Although gut microorganisms can provide colonization resistance by outcompeting some pathogens or modulating host defence provided by the gut barrier and intestinal immune cells6,7, this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Here, we show that activation of the neurotransmitter receptor dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) in the intestinal epithelium by gut microbial metabolites produced upon dietary supplementation with the essential amino acid L-tryptophan protects the host against Citrobacter rodentium, a mouse AE pathogen that is widely used as a model for EHEC infection8,9. We further find that DRD2 activation by these tryptophan-derived metabolites decreases expression of a host actin regulatory protein involved in C. rodentium and EHEC attachment to the gut epithelium via formation of actin pedestals. Our results reveal a noncanonical colonization resistance pathway against AE pathogens that features an unconventional role for DRD2 outside the nervous system in controlling actin cytoskeletal organization in the gut epithelium. Our findings may inspire prophylactic and therapeutic approaches targeting DRD2 with dietary or pharmacological interventions to improve gut health and treat gastrointestinal infections, which afflict millions globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Scott
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jingjing Fu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Pamela V Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Cornell Center for Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Guo L, Liu Q, Yin X. Clostridiales in the Gut Against Listeria monocytogenes Infection Through Growth Inhibition. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:248-256. [PMID: 38150235 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) mainly infect pregnant women, children, the elderly, and other populations with low immunity causing septicemia and meningitis. Healthy people can tolerate higher doses of Lm and only cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea after infection. Compared to the above population, healthy people have a richer and more diverse gut microbiota. In this study, we show that the microbiota in the large intestine and the feces of mice can significantly inhibit the growth of Lm compared to the microbiota in the small intestine. Bacteria larger than 1 μm in the gut microbiota play an important role in inhibiting Lm growth. 16s rRNA sequencing results show that these bacteria are mainly composed of Clostridiales under the phylum Firmicutes, including Ruminiclostridium, Butyricicoccus, Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia, Coprooccus, and Blautia. Thus, we demonstrate that there are some potential functional bacteria in the gut microbiota that can increase resistance against Lm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Zaozhuang University, Shandong, China
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Dörner PJ, Anandakumar H, Röwekamp I, Fiocca Vernengo F, Millet Pascual-Leone B, Krzanowski M, Sellmaier J, Brüning U, Fritsche-Guenther R, Pfannkuch L, Kurth F, Milek M, Igbokwe V, Löber U, Gutbier B, Holstein M, Heinz GA, Mashreghi MF, Schulte LN, Klatt AB, Caesar S, Wienhold SM, Offermanns S, Mack M, Witzenrath M, Jordan S, Beule D, Kirwan JA, Forslund SK, Wilck N, Bartolomaeus H, Heimesaat MM, Opitz B. Clinically used broad-spectrum antibiotics compromise inflammatory monocyte-dependent antibacterial defense in the lung. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2788. [PMID: 38555356 PMCID: PMC10981692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is associated with high mortality and costs, and frequently caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Although prior antimicrobial therapy is a major risk factor for HAP, the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that antibiotic therapy in hospitalized patients is associated with decreased diversity of the gut microbiome and depletion of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers. Infection experiments with mice transplanted with patient fecal material reveal that these antibiotic-induced microbiota perturbations impair pulmonary defense against MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae. This is dependent on inflammatory monocytes (IMs), whose fatty acid receptor (FFAR)2/3-controlled and phagolysosome-dependent antibacterial activity is compromized in mice transplanted with antibiotic-associated patient microbiota. Collectively, we characterize how clinically relevant antibiotics affect antimicrobial defense in the context of human microbiota, and reveal a critical impairment of IM´s antimicrobial activity. Our study provides additional arguments for the rational use of antibiotics and offers mechanistic insights for the development of novel prophylactic strategies to protect high-risk patients from HAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Dörner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harithaa Anandakumar
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivo Röwekamp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Facundo Fiocca Vernengo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Belén Millet Pascual-Leone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Krzanowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josua Sellmaier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Brüning
- Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lennart Pfannkuch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miha Milek
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa Igbokwe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Löber
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgitt Gutbier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Holstein
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gitta Anne Heinz
- German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Leon N Schulte
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Lung Research, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- German center for lung research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Brit Klatt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Caesar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra-Maria Wienhold
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German center for lung research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Jordan
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sofia K Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicola Wilck
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bartolomaeus
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- German center for lung research (DZL), Berlin, Germany.
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Auclert LZ, Chhanda MS, Derome N. Interwoven processes in fish development: microbial community succession and immune maturation. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17051. [PMID: 38560465 PMCID: PMC10981415 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fishes are hosts for many microorganisms that provide them with beneficial effects on growth, immune system development, nutrition and protection against pathogens. In order to avoid spreading of infectious diseases in aquaculture, prevention includes vaccinations and routine disinfection of eggs and equipment, while curative treatments consist in the administration of antibiotics. Vaccination processes can stress the fish and require substantial farmer's investment. Additionally, disinfection and antibiotics are not specific, and while they may be effective in the short term, they have major drawbacks in the long term. Indeed, they eliminate beneficial bacteria which are useful for the host and promote the raising of antibiotic resistance in beneficial, commensal but also in pathogenic bacterial strains. Numerous publications highlight the importance that plays the diversified microbial community colonizing fish (i.e., microbiota) in the development, health and ultimately survival of their host. This review targets the current knowledge on the bidirectional communication between the microbiota and the fish immune system during fish development. It explores the extent of this mutualistic relationship: on one hand, the effect that microbes exert on the immune system ontogeny of fishes, and on the other hand, the impact of critical steps in immune system development on the microbial recruitment and succession throughout their life. We will first describe the immune system and its ontogeny and gene expression steps in the immune system development of fishes. Secondly, the plurality of the microbiotas (depending on host organism, organ, and development stage) will be reviewed. Then, a description of the constant interactions between microbiota and immune system throughout the fish's life stages will be discussed. Healthy microbiotas allow immune system maturation and modulation of inflammation, both of which contribute to immune homeostasis. Thus, immune equilibrium is closely linked to microbiota stability and to the stages of microbial community succession during the host development. We will provide examples from several fish species and describe more extensively the mechanisms occurring in zebrafish model because immune system ontogeny is much more finely described for this species, thanks to the many existing zebrafish mutants which allow more precise investigations. We will conclude on how the conceptual framework associated to the research on the immune system will benefit from considering the relations between microbiota and immune system maturation. More precisely, the development of active tolerance of the microbiota from the earliest stages of life enables the sustainable establishment of a complex healthy microbial community in the adult host. Establishing a balanced host-microbiota interaction avoids triggering deleterious inflammation, and maintains immunological and microbiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zoé Auclert
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mousumi Sarker Chhanda
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Bangladesh
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Almási ÉDH, Knischewski N, Osbelt L, Muthukumarasamy U, El Mouali Y, Vialetto E, Beisel CL, Strowig T. An adapted method for Cas9-mediated editing reveals the species-specific role of β-glucoside utilization driving competition between Klebsiella species. J Bacteriol 2024; 206:e0031723. [PMID: 38353529 PMCID: PMC10955844 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00317-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cas9-based gene editing tools have revolutionized genetics, enabling the fast and precise manipulation of diverse bacterial species. However, widely applicable genetic tools for non-model gut bacteria are unavailable. Here, we present a two-plasmid Cas9-based system designed for gene deletion and knock-in complementation in three members of the Klebsiella oxytoca species complex (KoSC), which we applied to study the genetic factors underlying the role of these bacteria in competition against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Firstly, the system allowed efficient and precise full-length gene deletion via enhanced lambda Red expression. Furthermore, we tested the efficiency of two independent, functionally validated complementation strategies. Ultimately, the insertion of universal "bookmark" targets during gene deletion subsequently allows the most optimal genetic complementation in K. oxytoca, Klebsiella michiganensis, and Klebsiella grimontii. This approach offers a significant advantage by enabling the use of a single high-efficiency "bookmark" for complementing other loci or strains, eliminating the need for site-specific design. We revealed that the carbohydrate permease CasA is critical in ex vivo assays for K. pneumoniae inhibition by K. oxytoca but is neither sufficient nor required for K. michiganensis and K. grimontii. Thus, the adaptation of state-of-the-art genetic tools to KoSC allows the identification of species-specific functions in microbial competition. IMPORTANCE Cas9-based gene editing tools have revolutionized bacterial genetics, yet, their application to non-model gut bacteria is frequently hampered by various limitations. We utilized a two-plasmid Cas9-based system designed for gene deletion in Klebsiella pneumoniae and demonstrate after optimization its utility for gene editing in three members of the Klebsiella oxytoca species complex (KoSC) namely K. oxytoca, Klebsiella michiganensis, and Klebsiella grimontii. We then adapted a recently developed protocol for functional complementation based on universal "bookmark" targets applicable to all tested species. In summary, species-specific adaptation of state-of-the-art genetic tools allows efficient gene deletion and complementation in type strains as well as natural isolates of KoSC members to study microbial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva d. H. Almási
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nele Knischewski
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lisa Osbelt
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Youssef El Mouali
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elena Vialetto
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chase L. Beisel
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Würzburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- Center for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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41
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Salvadori M, Rosso G. Update on the gut microbiome in health and diseases. World J Methodol 2024; 14:89196. [PMID: 38577200 PMCID: PMC10989414 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i1.89196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Human Microbiome Project, Earth Microbiome Project, and next-generation sequencing have advanced novel genome association, host genetic linkages, and pathogen identification. The microbiome is the sum of the microbes, their genetic information, and their ecological niche. This study will describe how millions of bacteria in the gut affect the human body in health and disease. The gut microbiome changes in relation with age, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Host and environmental factors affecting the gut microbiome are diet, drugs, age, smoking, exercise, and host genetics. In addition, changes in the gut microbiome may affect the local gut immune system and systemic immune system. In this study, we discuss how the microbiome may affect the metabolism of healthy subjects or may affect the pathogenesis of metabolism-generating metabolic diseases. Due to the high number of publications on the argument, from a methodologically point of view, we decided to select the best papers published in referred journals in the last 3 years. Then we selected the previously published papers. The major goals of our study were to elucidate which microbiome and by which pathways are related to healthy and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Salvadori
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital, Florence 50139, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rosso
- Division of Nephrology, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence 50143, Toscana, Italy
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42
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Wu L, Wang XW, Tao Z, Wang T, Zuo W, Zeng Y, Liu YY, Dai L. Data-driven prediction of colonization outcomes for complex microbial communities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2406. [PMID: 38493186 PMCID: PMC10944475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial interactions can lead to different colonization outcomes of exogenous species, be they pathogenic or beneficial in nature. Predicting the colonization of exogenous species in complex communities remains a fundamental challenge in microbial ecology, mainly due to our limited knowledge of the diverse mechanisms governing microbial dynamics. Here, we propose a data-driven approach independent of any dynamics model to predict colonization outcomes of exogenous species from the baseline compositions of microbial communities. We systematically validate this approach using synthetic data, finding that machine learning models can predict not only the binary colonization outcome but also the post-invasion steady-state abundance of the invading species. Then we conduct colonization experiments for commensal gut bacteria species Enterococcus faecium and Akkermansia muciniphila in hundreds of human stool-derived in vitro microbial communities, confirming that the data-driven approaches can predict the colonization outcomes in experiments. Furthermore, we find that while most resident species are predicted to have a weak negative impact on the colonization of exogenous species, strongly interacting species could significantly alter the colonization outcomes, e.g., Enterococcus faecalis inhibits the invasion of E. faecium invasion. The presented results suggest that the data-driven approaches are powerful tools to inform the ecology and management of microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Wen Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zining Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenlong Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang-Yu Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling, The Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Lei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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43
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Assoni L, Couto AJM, Vieira B, Milani B, Lima AS, Converso TR, Darrieux M. Animal models of Klebsiella pneumoniae mucosal infections. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1367422. [PMID: 38559342 PMCID: PMC10978692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the most relevant pathogens worldwide, causing high morbidity and mortality, which is worsened by the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. It is a constituent of the host microbiota of different mucosa, that can invade and cause infections in many different sites. The development of new treatments and prophylaxis against this pathogen rely on animal models to identify potential targets and evaluate the efficacy and possible side effects of therapeutic agents or vaccines. However, the validity of data generated is highly dependable on choosing models that can adequately reproduce the hallmarks of human diseases. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on animal models used to investigate K. pneumoniae infections, with a focus on mucosal sites. The advantages and limitations of each model are discussed and compared; the applications, extrapolations to human subjects and future modifications that can improve the current techniques are also presented. While mice are the most widely used species in K. pneumoniae animal studies, they present limitations such as the natural resistance to the pathogen and difficulties in reproducing the main steps of human mucosal infections. Other models, such as Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), Caenorhabditis elegans, Galleria mellonella and Danio rerio (zebrafish), contribute to understanding specific aspects of the infection process, such as bacterial lethality and colonization and innate immune system response, however, they but do not present the immunological complexity of mammals. In conclusion, the choice of the animal model of K. pneumoniae infection will depend mainly on the questions being addressed by the study, while a better understanding of the interplay between bacterial virulence factors and animal host responses will provide a deeper comprehension of the disease process and aid in the development of effective preventive/therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle Darrieux
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular e Clínica, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
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Wu J, Li L, Zhang T, Lu J, Tai Z, Zhu Q, Chen Z. The epidermal lipid-microbiome loop and immunity: Important players in atopic dermatitis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00088-2. [PMID: 38460775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The promotion of epidermal barrier dysfunction is attributed to abnormalities in the lipid-microbiome positive feedback loop which significantly influences the imbalance of the epithelial immune microenvironment (EIME) in atopic dermatitis (AD). This imbalance encompasses impaired lamellar membrane integrity, heightened exposure to epidermal pathogens, and the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. The lipid-microbiome loop is substantially influenced by intense adaptive immunity which is triggered by abnormal loop activity and affects the loop's integrity through the induction of atypical lipid composition and responses to dysregulated epidermal microbes. Immune responses participate in lipid abnormalities within the EIME by downregulating barrier gene expression and are further cascade-amplified by microbial dysregulation which is instigated by barrier impairment. AIM OF REVIEW This review examines the relationship between abnormal lipid composition, microbiome disturbances, and immune responses in AD while progressively substantiating the crosstalk mechanism among these factors. Based on this analysis, the "lipid-microbiome" positive feedback loop, regulated by immune responses, is proposed. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The review delves into the impact of adaptive immune responses that regulate the EIME, driving AD, and investigates potential mechanisms by which lipid supplementation and probiotics may alleviate AD through the up-regulation of the epidermal barrier and modulation of immune signaling. This exploration offers support for targeting the EIME to attenuate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Wu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Lisha Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Jiaye Lu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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45
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Di Vincenzo F, Del Gaudio A, Petito V, Lopetuso LR, Scaldaferri F. Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:275-293. [PMID: 37505311 PMCID: PMC10954893 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is the largest interface between the internal body and the external environment. The intestinal barrier is a dynamic system influenced by the composition of the intestinal microbiome and the activity of intercellular connections, regulated by hormones, dietary components, inflammatory mediators, and the enteric nervous system (ENS). Over the years, it has become increasingly evident that maintaining a stable intestinal barrier is crucial to prevent various potentially harmful substances and pathogens from entering the internal environment. Disruption of the barrier is referred to as 'leaky gut' or leaky gut wall syndrome and seems to be characterized by the release of bacterial metabolites and endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), into the circulation. This condition, mainly caused by bacterial infections, oxidative stress, high-fat diet, exposure to alcohol or chronic allergens, and dysbiosis, appear to be highly connected with the development and/or progression of several metabolic and autoimmune systemic diseases, including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). In this review, starting from a description of the mechanisms that enable barrier homeostasis and analyzing the relationship between this complex ecosystem and various pathological conditions, we explore the role of the gut barrier in driving systemic inflammation, also shedding light on current and future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Vincenzo
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro Malattie Apparato Digerente (CeMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro Malattie Apparato Digerente (CeMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Petito
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro Malattie Apparato Digerente (CeMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Loris Riccardo Lopetuso
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro Malattie Apparato Digerente (CeMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Scaldaferri
- UOS Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche Intestinali, Centro Malattie Apparato Digerente (CeMAD), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
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Yang R, Wang Y, Ying Z, Shi Z, Song Y, Yan J, Hou S, Zhao Z, Hu Y, Chen Q, Peng W, Li X. Inspecting mother-to-infant microbiota transmission: disturbance of strain inheritance by cesarian section. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1292377. [PMID: 38486699 PMCID: PMC10937581 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1292377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The initial acquisition and subsequent development of the microbiota in early life is crucial to future health. Cesarean-section (CS) birth is considered to affect early microbial transmission from mother to infant. Methods In this study, we collected fecal samples from 34 CS infants and their mothers from West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University to assess the microbiota developmental trajectory of mothers and infants. We explored mother-infant gut microbiome transmission via comparison with corresponding Finnish data. Results Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota profiles indicated that the communities of mothers and infants were distinct. The composition of the infant gut microbiome was highly variable but also followed predictable patterns in the early stages of life. Maternal communities were stable and mainly dominated by species from Bacteroidacea spp. We used PStrain to analyze and visualize strain transmission in each mother-infant pair. Excluding missing data, we included 32 mother-infant pairs for analysis of strain transmission. Most CS deliveries (65.6%, 21/32) did not demonstrate transmission of strains from mother to infant. To further explore the mother-infant strain transmission, we analyzed metagenomics data from Finnish mother-infant pairs. A total of 32 mother-infant pairs were included in the analysis, including 28 vaginal delivery (VD) infants and four CS infants. Strain transmission was observed in 30 infants, including 28 VD infants and two CS infants. All VD infants received transmitted stains from their mothers. Finally, a total of 193 strain transmission events were observed, comprising 131 strains and 45 species. Discussion Taken together, our data suggested that delivery mode was an important factor influencing the mother-infant strain transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yang
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiye Ying
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeyao Shi
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Shulin Hou
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Zicheng Zhao
- Shenzhen Byoryn Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling Hu
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Peng
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Neonatology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Momo Kadia B, Khouma M, Sow D, Faye B, Ramsteijn AS, Calvo-Urbano B, Jobarteh ML, Ferguson E, Haggarty P, Webster JP, Walker AW, Heffernan C, Allen SJ. Improving gut health and growth in early life: a protocol for an individually randomised, two-arm, open-label, controlled trial of a synbiotic in infants in Kaffrine District, Senegal. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e001629. [PMID: 38417919 PMCID: PMC10900337 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infants exposed to enteropathogens through poor sanitation and hygiene can develop a subclinical disorder of the gut called environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), characterised by abnormal intestinal histology and permeability. EED can contribute to stunting through reduced digestion and absorption of nutrients, increased susceptibility to infections, increased systemic inflammation and inhibition of growth hormones. EED can be apparent by age 12 weeks, highlighting the need for early intervention. Modulating the early life gut microbiota using synbiotics may improve resistance against colonisation of the gut by enteropathogens, reduce EED and improve linear growth. METHODS AND ANALYSIS An individually randomised, two-arm, open-label, controlled trial will be conducted in Kaffrine District, Senegal. Infants will be recruited at birth and randomised to either receive a synbiotic containing two Bifidobacterium strains and one Lactobacillus strain, or no intervention, during the first 6 months of life. The impact of the intervention will be evaluated primarily by comparing length-for-age z-score at 12 months of age in infants in the intervention and control arms of the trial. Secondary outcome variables include biomarkers of intestinal inflammation, intestinal integrity and permeability, gut microbiota profiles, presence of enteropathogens, systemic inflammation, growth hormones, epigenetic status and episodes of illness during follow-up to age 24 months. DISCUSSION This trial will contribute to the evidence base on the use of a synbiotic to improve linear growth by preventing or ameliorating EED in a low-resource setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PACTR202102689928613.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Momo Kadia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marietou Khouma
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Doudou Sow
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, Saint Louis, Senegal
| | - Babacar Faye
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Beatriz Calvo-Urbano
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Modou L Jobarteh
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elaine Ferguson
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Paul Haggarty
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Joanne P Webster
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Alan W Walker
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Claire Heffernan
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- London International Development Centre, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Allen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Granata G, Barbut F, Petrosillo N. Editorial: Clostridioides difficile infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1372813. [PMID: 38468753 PMCID: PMC10925766 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1372813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Granata
- Systemic and Immune Depression-Associated Infection Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Frédéric Barbut
- National Reference Laboratory for Clostridioides Difficile, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicola Petrosillo
- Infection Prevention and Control Service, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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Liu J, Yan P, Li Y, Yu J, Huang Y, Bai R, Liu M, Wang N, Liu L, Zhu J, Xiao J, Guo L, Liu G, Zhang F, Yang X, He B, Zeng J, Zeng X. Gut microbiota and serum metabolome reveal the mechanism by which TCM polysaccharides alleviate salpingitis in laying hens challenged by bacteria. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103288. [PMID: 38064885 PMCID: PMC10749910 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of 3 kinds of TCM polysaccharides instead of antibiotics in preventing salpingitis in laying hens. After feeding the laying hens with Lotus leaf polysaccharide, Poria polysaccharide, and Epimedium polysaccharide, mixed bacteria (E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus) were used to infect the oviduct to establish an inflammation model. Changes in antioxidant, serum immunity, anti-inflammatory, gut microbiota, and serum metabolites were evaluated. The results showed that the 3 TCM polysaccharides could increase the expression of antioxidant markers SOD, GSH, and CAT, and reduce the accumulation of MDA in the liver; the contents of IgA and IgM in serum were increased. Decreased the mRNA expression of TLR4, NFκB, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL1β, IL6, and IL8, and increased the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL5 in oviduct tissue. 16sRNA high-throughput sequencing revealed that the 3 TCM polysaccharides improved the intestinal flora disturbance caused by bacterial infection, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Actinobacillus, and decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Romboutsia, Turicibacter, and Streptococcus. Metabolomics showed that the 3 TCM polysaccharides could increase the content of metabolites such as 3-hydroxybutyric acid and isobutyl-L-carnitine, and these results could alleviate the further development of salpingitis. In conclusion, the present study has found that using TCM polysaccharides instead of antibiotics was a feasible way to prevent bacterial salpingitis in laying hens, which might make preventing this disease no longer an issue for breeding laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Pupu Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yana Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yongxi Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Ruonan Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Man Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Junhao Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| | - Guoping Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Fuxian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Bin He
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Hahn J, Ding S, Im J, Harimoto T, Leong KW, Danino T. Bacterial therapies at the interface of synthetic biology and nanomedicine. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2024; 2:120-135. [PMID: 38962719 PMCID: PMC11218715 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria are emerging as living drugs to treat a broad range of disease indications. However, the inherent advantages of these replicating and immunostimulatory therapies also carry the potential for toxicity. Advances in synthetic biology and the integration of nanomedicine can address this challenge through the engineering of controllable systems that regulate spatial and temporal activation for improved safety and efficacy. Here, we review recent progress in nanobiotechnology-driven engineering of bacteria-based therapies, highlighting limitations and opportunities that will facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseung Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suwan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jongwon Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tetsuhiro Harimoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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