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Abedi A, Foroutan T, Mohaghegh Shalmani L, Dargahi L. Sex-dependent susceptibility to brain metabolic dysfunction and memory impairment in response to pre and postnatal high-fat diet. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 132:109675. [PMID: 38945454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The developing brain is sensitive to the impacts of early-life nutritional intake. This study investigates whether maternal high fat diet (HFD) causes glucose metabolism impairment, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment in immature and adult offspring, and whether it may be affected by postweaning diets in a sex-dependent manner in adult offspring. After weaning, female rats were fed HFD (55.9% fat) or normal chow diet (NCD; 10% fat) for 8 weeks before mating, during pregnancy, and lactation. On postnatal day 21 (PND21), the male and female offspring of both groups were split into two new groups, and NCD or HFD feeding was maintained until PND180. On PND21 and PND180, brain glucose metabolism, inflammation, and Alzheimer's pathology-related markers were by qPCR. In adult offspring, peripheral insulin resistance parameters, spatial memory performance, and brain glucose metabolism (18F-FDG-PET scan and protein levels of IDE and GLUT3) were assessed. Histological analysis was also performed on PND21 and adult offspring. On PND21, we found that maternal HFD affected transcript levels of glucose metabolism markers in both sexes. In adult offspring, more profoundly in males, postweaning HFD in combination with maternal HFD induced peripheral and brain metabolic disturbances, impaired memory performance and elevated inflammation, dementia risk markers, and neuronal loss. Our results suggest that maternal HFD affects brain glucose metabolism in the early ages of both sexes. Postweaning HFD sex-dependently causes brain metabolic dysfunction and memory impairment in later-life offspring; effects that can be worsened in combination with maternal HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Abedi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Foroutan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Mohaghegh Shalmani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kim Y, Lim J, Oh J. Taming neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The protective role of phytochemicals through the gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117277. [PMID: 39126772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, primarily affecting memory and logical thinking, attributed to amyloid-β plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal loss and brain atrophy. Neuroinflammation, a hallmark of AD, involves the activation of microglia and astrocytes in response to pathological changes, potentially exacerbating neuronal damage. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, crucial for maintaining brain health. Phytochemicals, natural compounds found in plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as flavonoids, curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin, have emerged as potential modulators of this axis, suggesting implications for AD prevention. Intake of phytochemicals influences the gut microbial composition and its metabolites, thereby impacting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. Consumption of phytochemical-rich foods may promote a healthy gut microbiota, fostering the production of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective substances. Early dietary incorporation of phytochemicals offers a non-invasive strategy for modulating the gut-brain axis and potentially reducing AD risk or delaying its onset. The exploration of interventions targeting the gut-brain axis through phytochemical intake represents a promising avenue for the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies against AD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisun Oh
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea.
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Flieger J, Forma A, Flieger W, Flieger M, Gawlik PJ, Dzierżyński E, Maciejewski R, Teresiński G, Baj J. Carotenoid Supplementation for Alleviating the Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8982. [PMID: 39201668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by, among other things, dementia and a decline in cognitive performance. In AD, dementia has neurodegenerative features and starts with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Research indicates that apoptosis and neuronal loss occur in AD, in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Therefore, reducing oxidative stress with antioxidants is a natural strategy to prevent and slow down the progression of AD. Carotenoids are natural pigments commonly found in fruits and vegetables. They include lipophilic carotenes, such as lycopene, α- and β-carotenes, and more polar xanthophylls, for example, lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and scavenge free radicals, especially singlet oxygen, which helps prevent the peroxidation of lipids abundant in the brain. As a result, carotenoids have neuroprotective potential. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, as well as randomized controlled trials, have mostly confirmed that carotenoids can help prevent neurodegeneration and alleviate cognitive impairment in AD. While carotenoids have not been officially approved as an AD therapy, they are indicated in the diet recommended for AD, including the consumption of products rich in carotenoids. This review summarizes the latest research findings supporting the potential use of carotenoids in preventing and alleviating AD symptoms. A literature review suggests that a diet rich in carotenoids should be promoted to avoid cognitive decline in AD. One of the goals of the food industry should be to encourage the enrichment of food products with functional substances, such as carotenoids, which may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John's Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Flieger
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr J Gawlik
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John's Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Eliasz Dzierżyński
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John's Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Institute of Health Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Huang Z, Yao W, He W, Pan J, Chai W, Wang B, Jia Z, Fan X, Wang W, Zhang W. Moniezia benedeni drives the SNAP-25 expression of the enteric nerves in sheep's small intestine. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:283. [PMID: 38956647 PMCID: PMC11218246 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuroimmune network plays a crucial role in regulating mucosal immune homeostasis within the digestive tract. Synaptosome-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) is a presynaptic membrane-binding protein that activates ILC2s, initiating the host's anti-parasitic immune response. METHODS To investigate the effect of Moniezia benedeni (M. benedeni) infection on the distribution of SNAP-25 in the sheep's small intestine, the recombinant plasmid pET-28a-SNAP-25 was constructed and expressed in BL21, yielding the recombinant protein. Then, the rabbit anti-sheep SNAP-25 polyclonal antibody was prepared and immunofluorescence staining was performed with it. The expression levels of SNAP-25 in the intestines of normal and M. benedeni-infected sheep were detected by ELISA. RESULTS The results showed that the SNAP-25 recombinant protein was 29.3 KDa, the titer of the prepared immune serum reached 1:128,000. It was demonstrated that the rabbit anti-sheep SNAP-25 polyclonal antibody could bind to the natural protein of sheep SNAP-25 specifically. The expression levels of SNAP-25 in the sheep's small intestine revealed its primary presence in the muscular layer and lamina propria, particularly around nerve fibers surrounding the intestinal glands. Average expression levels in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were 130.32 pg/mg, 185.71 pg/mg, and 172.68 pg/mg, respectively. Under conditions of M. benedeni infection, the spatial distribution of SNAP-25-expressing nerve fibers remained consistent, but its expression level in each intestine segment was increased significantly (P < 0.05), up to 262.02 pg/mg, 276.84 pg/mg, and 326.65 pg/mg in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and it was increased by 101.06%, 49.07%, and 89.16% respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that M. benedeni could induce the SNAP-25 expression levels in sheep's intestinal nerves significantly. The results lay a foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanism by which the gastrointestinal nerve-mucosal immune network perceives parasites in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wanling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wanhong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jing Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wenzhu Chai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhitao Jia
- People's Government of Heisongyi Township, Wuwei, 733000, China
| | - Xiping Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Figueiredo ID, Lima TFO, Carlstrom PF, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Lycopene in Combination with Insulin Triggers Antioxidant Defenses and Increases the Expression of Components That Detoxify Advanced Glycation Products in Kidneys of Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1580. [PMID: 38892513 PMCID: PMC11173891 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biochemical events provoked by oxidative stress and advanced glycation may be inhibited by combining natural bioactives with classic therapeutic agents, which arise as strategies to mitigate diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lycopene combined with a reduced insulin dose is able to control glycemia and to oppose glycoxidative stress in kidneys of diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with 45 mg/kg lycopene + 1 U/day insulin for 30 days. The study assessed glycemia, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) activity in plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the protein levels of advanced glycation end-product receptor 1 (AGE-R1) and glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1) in the kidneys were also investigated. RESULTS An effective glycemic control was achieved with lycopene plus insulin, which may be attributed to improvements in insulin sensitivity. The combined therapy decreased the dyslipidemia and increased the PON-1 activity. In the kidneys, lycopene plus insulin increased the activities of SOD and CAT and the levels of AGE-R1 and GLO-1, which may be contributing to the antialbuminuric effect. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that lycopene may aggregate favorable effects to insulin against diabetic complications resulting from glycoxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Delbone Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Paulo Fernando Carlstrom
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University (Unip), Araraquara 14804-300, SP, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (I.D.F.); (T.F.O.L.); (P.F.C.); (R.P.A.); (I.L.B.)
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Liu S, Lu Y, Tian D, Zhang T, Zhang C, Hu CY, Chen P, Meng Y. Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates Obesity-Induced Cognitive Decline by Modulating the Expression Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factors and Inflammatory Factors in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6250-6264. [PMID: 38491001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT; 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl ethanol) is an important functional polyphenol in olive oil. Our study sought to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of HT on obesity-induced cognitive impairment. A high-fat and high-fructose-diet-induced obese mice model was treated with HT for 14 weeks. The results show that HT improved the learning and memory abilities and enhanced the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) and postsynaptic density proteins, protecting neuronal and synaptic functions in obese mice. Transcriptomic results further confirmed that HT improved cognitive impairment by regulating gene expression in neural system development and synaptic function-related pathways. Moreover, HT treatment alleviated neuroinflammation in the brain of obese mice. To sum up, our results indicated that HT can alleviate obesity-induced cognitive dysfunction by enhancing BDNF expression and alleviating neuroinflammation in the brain, which also means that HT may become a potentially useful nutritional supplement to alleviate obesity-induced cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenlin Liu
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yalong Lu
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Dan Tian
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, AgSci. 415J, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Ping Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xian, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Meng
- The Engineering Research Center of High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Xian, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
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Tian X, Dong W, Zhou W, Yan Y, Lu L, Mi J, Cao Y, Sun Y, Zeng X. The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum ameliorate high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced cognitive impairment via regulating blood glucose and mediating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129036. [PMID: 38151081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
High-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) consumption can induce cognitive dysfunction and gut microbiota disorder. In the present study, the effects of the polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) on HFFD-induced cognitive deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis were investigated. The results showed that intervention of LBPs (200 mg/kg/day) for 14 weeks could significantly prevent learning and memory deficits in HFFD-fed mice, evidenced by a reduction of latency and increment of crossing parameters of platform quadrant in Morris water maze test. Moreover, oral administration of LBPs enhanced the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and reduced the activation of glial cells in hippocampus. Besides, LBPs treatment enriched the relative abundances of Allobaculum and Lactococcus and reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in gut bacterial community of HFFD-fed mice, accompanied by increased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as expression of associated G protein-coupled receptors. Furthermore, LBPs intervention prevented insulin resistance, obesity and colonic inflammation. Finally, a significant correlation was observed among neuroinflammation associated parameters, gut microbiota and SCFAs through Pearson correlation analysis. Collectively, these findings suggested that the regulation of gut microbiota might be the potential mechanism of LBPs on preventing cognitive dysfunction induced by HFFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zou H, Gao H, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Wang W, Ren B, Tan X. Dietary inulin alleviated constipation induced depression and anxiety-like behaviors: Involvement of gut microbiota and microbial metabolite short-chain fatty acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129420. [PMID: 38219945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Chronic constipation has been associated with depression-like behavior. Previous study identified the crucial role of gut microbiota in the development of constipation and depression. Dietary inulin (INU) could regulate gut microbiota. Whether INU treatment could ameliorate constipation induced depression was not clear. For this purpose, male CD-1 mice were administered diphenoxylate (20 mg/kg body weight/day) to induce constipation. We found that INU (10 % in standard diet) alleviated the diphenoxylate-induced constipation, manifested as the increase weight and moisture content of feces. Furthermore, the associated depression and anxiety-like behavior disorders were improved by inhibiting neuro-inflammation and preventing synaptic ultrastructure damage under INU treatment. Moreover, INU pretreatment improved the diphenoxylate-induced gut barrier damage by upregulating tight junction protein expression. INU also reshaped gut microbiota in constipation mice by increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Proteobacteria and downregulating the abundance of Muribacalum and Melaminabacteria. The effects of INU on diphenoxylate-induced depression were abolished by gut microbiota depletion via antibiotic treatment. In addition, INU increased the concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces contents. Meanwhile, supplementation of SCFAs could also partly improve diphenoxylate-induced depression. In conclusion, INU intake was a potential nutritional intervention strategy to prevent constipation induced depression via microbiota-gut-SCFAs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Huajing Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zhiwo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology, Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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9
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Wang Y, Rong X, Guan H, Ouyang F, Zhou X, Li F, Tan X, Li D. The Potential Effects of Isoleucine Restricted Diet on Cognitive Impairment in High-Fat-Induced Obese Mice via Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200767. [PMID: 37658490 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) can cause lipid metabolism disorders and cognitive impairment. Isoleucine restriction can effectively alleviate lipid metabolism disorders caused by HFD but the underlying mechanisms on cognition are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice are divided equally into the following groups: the control group, HFD group, and HFD Low Ile group (67% reduction in isoleucine in high fat feeds). Feeding for 11 weeks with behavioral testing, which shows that isoleucine restriction attenuates HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction. As observed by staining, isoleucine restriction inhibits HFD-induced neuronal damage and microglia activation. Furthermore, isoleucine restriction significantly increases the relative abundance of gut microbiota, decreases the proportion of Proteobacteria, and reduces the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum and brain. Isoleucine restriction reduces protein expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibits upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes and protein expression in mice brain. In addition, isoleucine restriction significantly improves insulin resistance in the brain as well as synaptic plasticity impairment. CONCLUSION Isoleucine restriction may be a potential intervention to reduce HFD-induced cognitive impairment by altering gut microbiota, reducing neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and improving synaptic plasticity in mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xue Rong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Hui Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Fangxin Ouyang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian, 271018, China
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Dong W, Huang Y, Shu Y, Fan X, Tian X, Yan Y, Mi J, Lu L, Zeng X, Cao Y. Water extract of goji berries improves neuroinflammation induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet based on the bile acid-mediated gut-brain axis pathway. Food Funct 2023; 14:8631-8645. [PMID: 37670564 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02651e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) is a common diet in westernized societies, which worsens disturbances in gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Herein, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of the water extract of Lycium barbarum fruits (LBE) on gut microbiota and BA metabolism in mice with HFFD-induced neuroinflammation. The results showed that supplementation of LBE for 14 weeks remarkably ameliorated weight gain and insulin resistance and suppressed microglial activation and neural neuroinflammation induced by HFFD. The results of Morris water maze and Y-maze tests demonstrated that LBE attenuated HFFD-induced cognitive impairment. Moreover, LBE elevated hepatic BA biosynthesis and excretion of BAs and increased elimination of BAs via the feces. Notably, LBE supplementation resulted in the enrichment of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in the cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, the 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that LBE could modulate the structure of gut microbiota, and in the meantime decrease the relative abundance of Clostridium_XlVa, which is associated with BA homeostasis. Additionally, LBE exerted neuroprotective effects involving the increment of Lactococcus, known as a potentially beneficial bacterium. These results demonstrated that LBE could ameliorate neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in HFFD-induced mice through the gut-liver-brain axis, which might be due to the regulation of BA homeostasis and gut microbiota in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yujie Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yifan Shu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xinyi Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China.
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China.
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China.
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia, China.
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
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11
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Wang J, Shen Y, Li M, Li T, Shi D, Lu S, Qiu F, Wu Z. Lycopene attenuates D-galactose-induced cognitive decline by enhancing mitochondrial function and improving insulin signalling in the brains of female CD-1 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 118:109361. [PMID: 37087073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is severely increasing with ageing. Lycopene (LYC), a carotenoid pigment, has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of LYC on D-galactose (D-gal) induced cognitive defects and the underlying mechanisms. Forty-five female CD-1 mice (two months old) were separated into three groups to be fed with either a normal diet or a LYC diet (0.03%, w/w, mixed into normal diet). Meanwhile, the mice were treated by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline or D-gal 150 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. The behavioural test results indicated that LYC alleviated D-gal induced cognitive impairments. LYC ameliorated brain ageing by decreasing the number of SA-β-gal- stained neurons, downregulating the protein expression of the cellular senescence associated genes P19/P21/P53, increasing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes GSH and SOD, downregulating the level of ROS, inhibiting the activation of MAPKs signalling and downregulating the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFɑ in mouse brains. LYC ameliorated synaptic dysfunction by increasing the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF and synaptic proteins. Moreover, LYC attenuated D-gal-induced mitochondrial morphological damage, and promoted the expression of mitochondrial functional proteins. LYC also promoted insulin signal transduction in mouse brains through the regulation of IRS-1/AKT/GSK3β signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yuqi Shen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Mengling Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Shangyun Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Fubin Qiu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Zhifang Wu
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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12
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Yang L, Wang Y, Zheng G, Li Z, Mei J. Resveratrol-loaded selenium/chitosan nano-flowers alleviate glucolipid metabolism disorder-associated cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124316. [PMID: 37004937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a common natural polyphenol that inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the absorption efficiency and in vivo bioactivity of Res are poor. High fat diet-induced metabolic disorders, including obesity and insulin resistance, can promote AD-related β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, Tau protein phosphorylation and neurotoxicity. Gut microbiota play a role in modulating metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment. Herein, flower-like Res-loaded selenium nanoparticles/chitosan nanoparticles (Res@SeNPs@Res-CS-NPs) with higher loading capacity (64 %) were prepared to regulate gut microbiota in cases of AD with metabolic disorder. The nano-flowers could restore gut microbiota homeostasis to reduce lipopolysaccharide (LPS) formation and LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Additionally, Res@SeNPs@Res-CS-NPs can prevent lipid deposition and insulin resistance by decreasing Firmicutes levels and increasing Bacteroidetes levels in the gut, further inhibiting Aβ aggregation and Tau protein phosphorylation through the JNK/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Moreover, Res@SeNPs@Res-CS-NPs treatment was able to regulate the relative levels of gut microbiota associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid deposition, including Entercoccus, Colidextribacter, Rikenella, Ruminococcus, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006. Overall, Res@SeNPs@Res-CS-NPs significantly enhances cognitive ability in AD mice with metabolic disorder, highlighting their potential for preventing cognitive impairments in AD.
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13
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Eroglu A, Al'Abri IS, Kopec RE, Crook N, Bohn T. Carotenoids and Their Health Benefits as Derived via Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:238-255. [PMID: 36775788 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids have been related to a number of health benefits. Their dietary intake and circulating levels have been associated with a reduced incidence of obesity, diabetes, certain types of cancer, and even lower total mortality. Their potential interaction with the gut microbiota (GM) has been generally overlooked but may be of relevance, as carotenoids largely bypass absorption in the small intestine and are passed on to the colon, where they appear to be in part degraded into unknown metabolites. These may include apo-carotenoids that may have biological effects because of higher aqueous solubility and higher electrophilicity that could better target transcription factors, i.e., NF-κB, PPARγ, and RAR/RXRs. If absorbed in the colon, they could have both local and systemic effects. Certain microbes that may be supplemented were also reported to produce carotenoids in the colon. Although some bactericidal aspects of carotenoids have been shown in vitro, a few studies have also demonstrated a prebiotic-like effect, resulting in bacterial shifts with health-associated properties. Also, stimulation of IgA could play a role in this respect. Carotenoids may further contribute to mucosal and gut barrier health, such as stabilizing tight junctions. This review highlights potential gut-related health-beneficial effects of carotenoids and emphasizes the current research gaps regarding carotenoid-GM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkerim Eroglu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Ibrahim S Al'Abri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Rachel E Kopec
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Foods for Health Discovery Theme, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nathan Crook
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, rue 1 A-B, Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
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14
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Wang J, Li T, Li M, Fu Z, Chen L, Shi D, Qiu F, Tan X. Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress-induced hepatic dysfunction of insulin signal transduction: involvement of FGF21 and mitochondria. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 110:109144. [PMID: 36057413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene (LYC) has been regarded as a nutraceutical that has powerful antioxidant and hepatoprotective bioactivities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of LYC on hepatic insulin signal transduction under oxidative stress conditions and the possible involvement of FGF21 and mitochondria pathways. Two-month-old CD-1 mice were treated by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (D-gal) 150 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks and received 0.03% LYC (w/w, mixed into diet). The results showed that LYC increased the expression of FGF21, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and improved hepatic insulin signal transduction in D-gal-treated mice. Furthermore, knockdown of FGF21 by small interfering RNA notably suppressed mitochondrial function and blunted LYC-stimulated insulin signal transduction in H2O2-treated HepG2 cells. Moreover, suppressed mitochondrial function via oligomycin also inhibited insulin signal transduction, indicating that LYC supplementation ameliorated oxidative stress-induced hepatic dysfunction of insulin signal transduction by up-regulating FGF21 and enhancing mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Mengling Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhendong Fu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Likai Chen
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Fubin Qiu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
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15
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Li Y, Zhu J, Zhao X, Sun Y, Xu F, Xu S, Shang X. Oral Lycopene Administration Attenuates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Regulating Plasma Lipids in Rats with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Epididymitis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6517-6531. [PMCID: PMC9719710 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s380785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epididymitis histological alterations and related long-term reproductive issues cannot be cured by antibiotics alone. Few studies have been done on the effect of lycopene on epididymitis, despite the fact that it is an efficient antioxidant. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of lycopene on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epididymis and lipid metabolism. Methods Thirty-one 260–290g rats were separated into the blank control group (n=10), the oil-control group (n=10), the single intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS (n=5), and the continuous intragastric of 5 mg/kg lycopene (n=6). The animals were euthanized after four weeks, and blood and the epididymis were removed for analysis. Results Lycopene significantly decreased IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and lipid peroxidation product Malondialdehyde in serum and epididymis. It significantly increased the epididymis’s antioxidant enzyme and total antioxidant capacity. According to LC-MS plasma lipidomics, lycopene increased phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, decreased phosphatidylethanolamine, triacylglycerol, and diacylglycerol levels, changed the composition of lipids, altered metabolic pathways, and these changes were related to the mechanism of anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress. 20 lipids, including PC (20:5e) and LPC (14:0), were identified through additional Spearman correlation analysis as being related to cytokines and oxidation indices. They served as possible lipid markers that may be utilized to gauge the severity of inflammation. Conclusion Lycopene has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that improve histopathological and functional damage in LPS-induced epididymitis and is an alternate supplement for treating epididymitis. Lipidomics provide new perspectives on the possible mechanism of lycopene in protecting against LPS-induced epididymitis by integrating lipid metabolism and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinde Zhu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Urology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Urology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Urology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Urology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Urology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xuejun Shang, Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613813905418, Email
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16
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Fadó R, Molins A, Rojas R, Casals N. Feeding the Brain: Effect of Nutrients on Cognition, Synaptic Function, and AMPA Receptors. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194137. [PMID: 36235789 PMCID: PMC9572450 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, traditional eating habits have been replaced by a more globalized diet, rich in saturated fatty acids and simple sugars. Extensive evidence shows that these dietary factors contribute to cognitive health impairment as well as increase the incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, how these nutrients modulate synaptic function and neuroplasticity is poorly understood. We review the Western, ketogenic, and paleolithic diets for their effects on cognition and correlations with synaptic changes, focusing mainly (but not exclusively) on animal model studies aimed at tracing molecular alterations that may contribute to impaired human cognition. We observe that memory and learning deficits mediated by high-fat/high-sugar diets, even over short exposure times, are associated with reduced arborization, widened synaptic cleft, narrowed post-synaptic zone, and decreased activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, and also observe that these alterations correlate with deregulation of the AMPA-type glutamate ionotropic receptors (AMPARs) that are crucial to neuroplasticity. Furthermore, we explored which diet-mediated mechanisms modulate synaptic AMPARs and whether certain supplements or nutritional interventions could reverse deleterious effects, contributing to improved learning and memory in older people and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rut Fadó
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-504-20-00
| | - Anna Molins
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Rocío Rojas
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Núria Casals
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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The Role of the NRF2 Pathway in Maintaining and Improving Cognitive Function. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082043. [PMID: 36009590 PMCID: PMC9405981 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that binds to the antioxidant response element consensus sequence, decreasing reactive oxygen species and regulating the transcription of a wide array of genes, including antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, regulating genes involved in mitochondrial function and biogenesis. Moreover, NRF2 has been shown to directly regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In recent years, attention has turned to the role NRF2 plays in the brain in different diseases such Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and others. This review focused on the evidence, derived in vitro, in vivo and from clinical trials, supporting a role for NRF2 activation in maintaining and improving cognitive function and how its activation can be used to elicit neuroprotection and lead to cognitive enhancement. The review also brings a critical discussion concerning the possible prophylactic and/or therapeutic use of NRF2 activators in treating cognitive impairment-related conditions.
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18
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Ji Y, Xie Q, Meng X, Wang W, Li S, Lang X, Zhao C, Yuan Y, Ye H. Lactobacillus paracasei improves dietary fatty liver by reducing insulin resistance and inflammation in obese mice model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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19
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Wang J, Li T, Li M, Shi D, Tan X, Qiu F. Lycopene attenuates D-galactose-induced insulin signaling impairment by enhancing mitochondrial function and suppressing the oxidative stress/inflammatory response in mouse kidneys and livers. Food Funct 2022; 13:7720-7729. [PMID: 35762205 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene (LYC) possesses bioactivity to improve the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases via antioxidant-associated mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether LYC could attenuate D-galactose (D-gal)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin signaling impairment in mouse kidneys and livers. Two-month-old CD-1 mice were treated by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg kg-1 day-1D-gal for 8 weeks and received 0.03% LYC (w/w, mixed into diet). The results showed that LYC ameliorated oxidative stress triggered by D-gal by enhancing the Nrf2 antioxidant defense pathway and increasing the expression of the antioxidant response genes HO-1 and NQO1 in mouse kidneys and livers. LYC inhibited the MAPK and NFκB pathways and attenuated renal and hepatic inflammatory responses. Moreover, LYC upregulated the expression of genes related to mitochondrial biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation and improved insulin signal transduction through the IRS-1/AKT/GSK3β pathway in mouse kidneys and livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
| | - Mengling Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
| | - Fubin Qiu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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20
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Zhang SQ, Tian D, Hu CY, Meng YH. Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Mediating the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2600-2615. [PMID: 35188379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) displays cognition-improving properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, CGA supplementation (150 mg/kg body weight) for 14 weeks significantly prevented obesity and insulin resistance, cognitive-behavioral disturbances, and synaptic dysfunction induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, CGA supplementation enhanced the expression of genes enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and reduced inflammatory factor expressions. Furthermore, CGA treatment increased gut microbiota diversity and the level of bacterial genera producing SCFAs. CGA also decreased the concentration of energy metabolism substrates, while it increased phosphorylcholine. Finally, we observed a significant correlation among synaptic transmission genes, gut microbiota, and neurotransmission in the CGA supplementation group by targeted multiomics analysis. Together, our results supported that the alteration of gut microbiota and metabolite composition is the underlying mechanism of CGA improving cognitive function. CGA is also a promising intervention strategy to prevent HFFD-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Qing Zhang
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
| | - Dan Tian
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, AgSci. 415J, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Yong Hong Meng
- The Engineering Research Center for High-Valued Utilization of Fruit Resources in Western China, Ministry of Education; National Research & Development Center of Apple Processing Technology; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Changan Avenue, Changan, Xian 710119, P. R. China
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21
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Hu S, Luo L, Zeng L. Tea combats circadian rhythm disorder syndrome via the gut-liver-brain axis: potential mechanisms speculated. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7126-7147. [PMID: 35187990 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is an intrinsic mechanism developed by organisms to adapt to external environmental signals. Nowadays, owing to the job and after-work entertainment, staying up late - Circadian rhythm disorders (CRD) are common. CRD is linked to the development of fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, and chronic gastroenteritis, which affecting the body's metabolic and inflammatory responses via multi-organ crosstalk (gut-liver-brain axis, etc.). However, studies on the mechanisms of multi-organ interactions by CRD are still weak. Current studies on therapeutic agents for CRD remain inadequate, and phytochemicals have been shown to alleviate CRD-induced syndromes that may be used for CRD-therapy in the future. Tea, a popular phytochemical-rich beverage, reduces glucolipid metabolism and inflammation. But it is immature and unclear in the mechanisms of alleviation of CRD-mediated syndrome. Here, we have analyzed the threat of CRD to hosts and their offspring' health from the perspective of the "gut-liver-brain" axis. The potential mechanisms of tea in alleviating CRD were further explored. It might be by interfering with bile acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and G protein-coupled receptors, with FXR, AHR, and GPCR as potential targets. We hope to provide new perspectives on the role of tea in the prevention and mitigation of CRD.HighlightsThe review highlights the health challenges of CRD via the gut-liver-brain axis.CRD research should focus on the health effects on healthy models and its offspring.Tea may prevent CRD by regulating bile acid, tryptophan, and GPCR.Potential targets for tea prevention and mitigation of CRD include FXR, AHR and GPCR.A comprehensive assessment mechanism for tea in improving CRD should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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22
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Liu Q, Xie T, Xi Y, Li L, Mo F, Liu X, Liu Z, Gao JM, Yuan T. Sesamol Attenuates Amyloid Peptide Accumulation and Cognitive Deficits in APP/PS1 Mice: The Mediating Role of the Gut-Brain Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12717-12729. [PMID: 34669408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of dementia. Sesamol is a lignan extracted from sesame oil and has been found to exert neuroprotective effects. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of sesamol on APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic AD mice. The AD mice were fed with a diet supplemented with sesamol (0.075 w/w %). Sesamol treatment improved spatial memory and learning ability in AD mice, improved neuronal damage, and decreased Aβ accumulation. Sesamol protected the synaptic ultrastructure and inhibited neuroinflammatory responses in the brain of AD mice. Sesamol also significantly inhibited the overactivated microglia and reduced the overexpression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain of AD mice. Notably, sesamol reshaped gut microbiota by significantly decreasing the relative abundance of Helicobacter hepaticus, Clostridium, and Bacillaceae, enhancing the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae and Bifidobacterium in AD mice. It has been found that sesamol protected the gut barrier integrity and prevented the LPS leakage into the serum. Importantly, sesamol remarkably enhanced the content of SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, and valerate, in AD mice. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a strong correlation between the levels of SCFAs and cognitive functions. These results demonstrated that sesamol attenuated AD-related cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammatory responses, which could be partly explained by its role in mediating the gut microbe-SCFA-brain axis. Thus, sesamol is a promising nutritional intervention strategy to prevent AD via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tianzhi Xie
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yujia Xi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengfeng Mo
- Department of Naval Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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23
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Mulati A, Zhang X, Zhao T, Ren B, Wang L, Liu X, Lan Y, Liu X. Isorhamnetin attenuates high-fat and high-fructose diet induced cognitive impairments and neuroinflammation by mediating MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:9261-9272. [PMID: 34606526 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03165h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Isorhamnetin (ISO), a flavonoid compound isolated from sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit, has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of ISO on neuroinflammation and cognitive function are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of ISO on cognitive impairment in obese mice induced by a high-fat and high fructose diet (HFFD). It has been found that oral administration of ISO (0.03% w/w and 0.06% w/w) for 14 weeks significantly reduced the body weight, food intake, liver weight, liver lipid level, and serum lipid level of HFFD-fed mice. ISO can also significantly prevent HFFD-induced neuronal working, spatial, and long-term memory impairment. Notably, the ISO treatment activated the CREB/BDNF pathway and increased neurotrophic factors in the brains of mice. Furthermore, ISO inhibited HFFD-induced microglial overactivation and down-regulated inflammatory cytokines in both serum and the brain. It can also inhibit the expression of p-JNK, p-p38, and p-NFκB protein in the mouse brain. In conclusion, these results indicated that ISO mitigated HFFD-induced cognitive impairments by inhibiting the MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways, suggesting that ISO might be a plausible nutritional intervention for metabolic syndrome-related cognitive complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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24
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Khalil A, Tazeddinova D, Aljoumaa K, Kazhmukhanbetkyzy ZA, Orazov A, Toshev AD. Carotenoids: Therapeutic Strategy in the Battle against Viral Emerging Diseases, COVID-19: An Overview. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:241-261. [PMID: 34737985 PMCID: PMC8531419 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids, a group of phytochemicals, are naturally found in the Plant kingdom, particularly in fruits, vegetables, and algae. There are more than 600 types of carotenoids, some of which are thought to prevent disease, mainly through their antioxidant properties. Carotenoids exhibit several biological and pharmaceutical benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunity booster properties, particularly as some carotenoids can be converted into vitamin A in the body. However, humans cannot synthesize carotenoids and need to obtain them from their diets or via supplementation. The emerging zoonotic virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), originated in bats, and was transmitted to humans. COVID-19 continues to cause devastating international health problems worldwide. Therefore, natural preventive therapeutic strategies from bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, should be appraised for strengthening physiological functions against emerging viruses. This review summarizes the most important carotenoids for human health and enhancing immunity, and their potential role in COVID-19 and its related symptoms. In conclusion, promising roles of carotenoids as treatments against emerging disease and related symptoms are highlighted, most of which have been heavily premeditated in studies conducted on several viral infections, including COVID-19. Further in vitro and in vivo research is required before carotenoids can be considered as potent drugs against such emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Khalil
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Diana Tazeddinova
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Khaled Aljoumaa
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ayan Orazov
- Higher School of Technologies of Food and Processing Productions, Zhangir Khan University, Uralsk 090009, The Republic of Kazakhstan
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25
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Erten F. Lycopene ameliorates propionic acid-induced autism spectrum disorders by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13922. [PMID: 34476820 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to study lycopene efficacy in brain-behavior, pro-inflammatory and apoptotic markers, and antioxidant levels in a rodent model. Rats were administered with propionic acid (PPA) (500 mg/kg BW) to induce autism-like disorders, then treated with different lycopene (L) concentrations (5, 10, 20 mg kg-1 day-1 ) for 35 days. The groups were: (i);control, (ii);PPA, (iii);PPA + L5, (iv);PPA + L10, and (v);PPA + L20. In this study, serum and brain malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased with lycopene supplements compared to the PPA group, similarly to the brain levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1α, IL-8, NF-κB, TNF-α; p < .05). Besides, brain levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 decreased, whereas pro-apoptotic Bax, antioxidant Nrf2, and HO-1 levels in brain increased compared with PPA (p < .05). This study showed that lycopene might have therapeutic value to improve the dysfunctions in learning and memory in a dose-dependent way, along with the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic molecular responses in a rat model of ASD-like disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study suggested that lycopene can reduce propionic acid (PPA)-induced learning and memory impairment and oxidative damage by participating in multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Lycopene protects serum and brain tissues against PPA induced oxidative damage in rats. These effects may be realized through up-regulation of the brain Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and down-regulation of the IL-1α, IL-8, TNF-α, and NF-κB levels. Lycopene may also contribute to memory and learning function, apoptotic/antiapoptotic modulation, and antioxidant and possible therapeutic efficacy in PPA-induced- Autism spectrum disorder cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Erten
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pertek Sakine Genc Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
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26
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Ji Y, Lang X, Wang W, Li S, Zhao C, Shen X, Zhang T, Ye H. Lactobacillus paracasei ameliorates cognitive impairment in high-fat induced obese mice via insulin signaling and neuroinflammation pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:8728-8737. [PMID: 34365497 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01320c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) can cause glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, damage the brain and nervous system and result in cognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to investigate the preventative effects of Lactobacillus paracasei (Jlus66, a probiotic extracted from cheese in Northeast China) on cognitive impairment associated with HFD. The water maze was used to compare memory changes in mice fed HFD with or without Jlus66. Hippocampal tissue morphology was examined using H&E staining. The expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF, PSD95 and SNAP25, insulin resistance related proteins IRS-1, AKT and GSK3β, and inflammatory related proteins JNK and p38 were detected using western blotting. The results showed that Jlus66 significantly increased the expression of BDNF, PSD95 and SNAP25 (p < 0.01, respectively), increased expression of p-AKT (p < 0.05), p-IRS-1Y612 and p-GSK3β (p < 0.01, respectively), and reduced the expression of p-IRS-1S307, p-JNK and p-p38 (p < 0.05) compared with the HFD group. We conclude that Jlus66 can ameliorate cognitive impairment via insulin signaling and neuroinflammation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xinsong Lang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China. and Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Changhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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27
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İkiz Ö, Kahramansoy N, Erkol H, Koçoğlu E, Fırat T. Effects of lycopene in intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury via intestinal immunoglobulin A. J Surg Res 2021; 267:63-70. [PMID: 34130240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia causes an inflammatory response that may become intense by reperfusion and result in bacterial translocation. Intestinal immunoglobulin A is known to be a barrier against bacterial translocation. Lycopene is a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that lycopene has positive effects in ischemia-reperfusion of the intestine through the intestinal IgA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were separated into four groups: sham, control, lycopene-administered-before-ischemia (L-pre), and lycopene-administered-after-reperfusion groups. Histopathologic changes, intestinal immunoglobulin A levels, and bacterial translocation were evaluated after the ischemia-reperfusion period of 0.5-12 h. RESULTS Histopathologic changes, intestinal immunoglobulin A, and bacterial translocation levels in the L-pre group were similar to those in the sham group. Administration of the lycopene after reperfusion showed just a slight protective effect. However, the L-pre group had significantly fewer histopathologic changes when compared with changes in the control (P = 0.011). Intestinal immunoglobulin A level in the L-pre group was found to be higher than that in the control group (P = 0.014). Bacterial translocation levels in the blood and mesenteric lymph nodes, in the L-pre group, were lower than those in the control group (P = 0.0027 and P = 0.0097, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Lycopene limited intestinal damage, reduced loss of intestinal immunoglobulin A and decreased bacterial translocation when administered before the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür İkiz
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Kahramansoy
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Hayri Erkol
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Esra Koçoğlu
- Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Tülin Fırat
- Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bolu, Turkey
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28
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Duggan MR, Parikh V. Microglia and modifiable life factors: Potential contributions to cognitive resilience in aging. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113207. [PMID: 33640394 PMCID: PMC8005490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing prevalence of age-related cognitive decline, it is relevant to consider the factors and mechanisms that might facilitate an individual's resiliency to such deficits. Growing evidence suggests a preeminent role of microglia, the prime mediator of innate immunity within the central nervous system. Human and animal investigations suggest aberrant microglial functioning and neuroinflammation are not only characteristic of the aged brain, but also might contribute to age-related dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Conversely, accumulating data suggest that modifiable lifestyle factors (MLFs), such as healthy diet, exercise and cognitive engagement, can reliably afford cognitive benefits by potentially suppressing inflammation in the aging brain. The present review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the role for microglia in maintaining brain homeostasis and cognitive functioning in aging. Moreover, we propose an integrated, mechanistic model that postulates an individual's resiliency to cognitive decline afforded by MLFs might be mediated by the mitigation of aberrant microglia activation in aging, and subsequent suppression of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
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29
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Wang J, Zhang W, Li M, Li X. The new coumarin compound Bis 3 ameliorates cognitive disorder and suppresses brain-intestine-liver systematic oxidative stress in high-fat diet mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111293. [PMID: 33485120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced systemic oxidative damage is critical to the pathological process of obesity and is associated with energy metabolism and cognitive disorders. In our previous research, the coumarin derivative Bis 3 was shown to improve neurological disorders as a potent free radical scavenger. In this study, a 12-week high-fat diet model was established, and mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: standard diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with Bis 3 treatment. Our results demonstrated that Bis 3 attenuated body weight gain and inhibited the development of insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Bis 3 protected against high fat-induced intestinal barrier integrity damage and lipid content disorder. HFD-induced hepatocyte lipid metabolism disorder and hepatocyte damage were also alleviated by Bis 3. Moreover, the results of cognitive tests indicated that Bis 3 attenuated high fat-induced cerebral dysfunction, such as cognitive disorders. Importantly, Bis 3 simultaneously ameliorated oxidative stress in the digestive and central nervous systems. These findings suggest that Bis 3 protects against systematic oxidative stress in HFD-induced obese mice, balancing insulin resistance, lipid metabolic disorders, and cognitive disorders through its antioxidative effects, indicating that Bis 3, a novel free radical scavenger, might represent a new therapeutic strategy for high fat-induced chronic systemic redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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30
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Stevens Y, Pinheiro I, Salden B, Duysburgh C, Bolca S, Degroote J, Majdeddin M, Van Noten N, Gleize B, Caris-Veyrat C, Michiels J, Jonkers D, Troost F, Possemiers S, Masclee A. Effect of a carotenoid-producing Bacillus strain on intestinal barrier integrity and systemic delivery of carotenoids: A randomised trial in animals and humans. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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31
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Wang Z, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, He Z. Dietary Polyphenols to Combat Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via the Gut-Brain-Liver Axis: A Review of Possible Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3585-3600. [PMID: 33729777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a group of micronutrients widely existing in plant foods including fruits, vegetables, and teas that can improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review, the existing knowledge of dietary polyphenols for the development of NAFLD regulated by intestinal microecology is discussed. Polyphenols can influence the vagal afferent pathway in the central and enteric nervous system to control NAFLD via gut-brain-liver cross-talk. The possible mechanisms involve in the alteration of microbial community structure, effects of gut metabolites (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), endogenous ethanol (EnEth)), and stimulation of gut-derived hormones (ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and leptin) based on the targets excavated from the gut-brain-liver axis. Consequently, the communication among the intestine, brain, and liver paves the way for new approaches to understand the underlying roles and mechanisms of dietary polyphenols in NAFLD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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32
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Crowe-White KM, Nagabooshanam VA, Dudenbostel T, Locher JL, Chavers TP, Ellis AC. 100% Watermelon Juice as a Food-First Intervention to Improve Cognitive Function: Ancillary Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 40:304-312. [PMID: 34644233 PMCID: PMC9930684 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2021.1988028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene exhibits neuroprotective properties due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functionality. As watermelon is a rich source of lycopene, pasteurized watermelon juice provides lycopene in its most bioavailable form. This study examined relationships between circulating lycopene, cognitive performance, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in response to pasteurized 100% watermelon juice supplementation. A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial was conducted with postmenopausal women (n = 16, 60 + 4.1 years). Participants consumed two 360 mL servings of pasteurized 100% watermelon juice or a placebo beverage for 4 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected, and cognitive tests were administered to assess various neurocognitive domains. Statistical analyses included mixed models and Spearman correlations. Serum lycopene exhibited a significant treatment effect (p = 0.002) with a mean increase of 81%. However, this increase was not associated with changes in oxidative stress, inflammation, or cognitive function. Additional research is warranted to determine dose-durational effects for promoting cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi M. Crowe-White
- University of Alabama, Department of Human Nutrition, Russell Hall, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
| | - Vinoth Aryan Nagabooshanam
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Nutrition Obesity Research Center, 1675 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Tanja Dudenbostel
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Cardiovascular Disease, Vascular Biology & Hypertension, 933 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Julie L. Locher
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, 933 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Tinsley P. Chavers
- University of Alabama, Department of Human Nutrition, Russell Hall, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
| | - Amy C. Ellis
- University of Alabama, Department of Human Nutrition, Russell Hall, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
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33
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Ji Y, Lang X, Wang W, Li S, Zhao C, Shen X, Zhang T, Ye H. Lactobacillus paracasei ameliorates cognitive impairment in high-fat induced obese mice via insulin signaling and neuroinflammation pathways. Food Funct 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01320c 10.1039/d1fo01320c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) can cause glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, damage the brain and nervous system and result in cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinsong Lang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Lycopene - A pleiotropic neuroprotective nutraceutical: Deciphering its therapeutic potentials in broad spectrum neurological disorders. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Effects of lycopene on skeletal muscle-fiber type and high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 87:108523. [PMID: 33039582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies report that many natural products can participate in formation of muscle fibers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lycopene on skeletal muscle-fiber type in vivo and in vitro. C2C12 myoblasts were used in vitro study, and the concentration of lycopene was 10 µM. In vivo, 8-week-old male C57/BL6 mice were used and divided into four groups (n=8): (1) ND: normal-fat diet; (2) ND+Lyc: normal-fat diet mixed with 0.33% w/w lycopene; (3) HFD: high-fat diet; and (4) HFD+Lyc: high-fat diet mixed with 0.33% w/w lycopene. The mice tissue samples were collected after 8 weeks feeding. We found that lycopene supplementation enhanced the protein expression of slow-twitch fiber, succinate dehydrogenase, and malic dehydrogenase enzyme activities, whereas lycopene reduced the protein expression of fast-twitch fibers, lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase enzyme activities. Moreover, lycopene can promote skeletal muscle triglyceride deposition, enhanced the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, reduced the mRNA expression of genes related to lipolysis. And high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and oxidative stress were attenuated after lycopene supplementation. Additionally, lycopene supplementation reduced the glycolytic reserve but enhanced mitochondrial ATP production in C2C12 cells. These results demonstrated that lycopene affects the activities of metabolic enzymes in muscle fibers, promotes the expression of slow-twitch fibers, and enhanced mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We speculated that lycopene affects the muscle-fiber type through aerobic oxidation, suggesting that lycopene exerts potential beneficial effects on skeletal muscle metabolism.
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Wang L, Ren B, Hui Y, Chu C, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Shi R, Ren J, Dai X, Liu Z, Liu X. Methionine Restriction Regulates Cognitive Function in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice: Roles of Diurnal Rhythms of SCFAs Producing- and Inflammation-Related Microbes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000190. [PMID: 32729963 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Methionine restriction (MR) is known to potently alleviate inflammation and improve gut microbiome in obese mice. The gut microbiome exhibits diurnal rhythmicity in composition and function, and this, in turn, drives oscillations in host metabolism. High-fat diet (HFD) strongly altered microbiome diurnal rhythmicity, however, the role of microbiome diurnal rhythmicity in mediating the improvement effects of MR on obesity-related metabolic disorders remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice are fed a low-fat diet or HFD for 4 weeks, followed with a full diet (0.86% methionine, w/w) or a methionine-restricted diet (0.17% methionine, w/w) for 8 weeks. Analyzing microbiome diurnal rhythmicity at six time points, the results show that HFD disrupts the cyclical fluctuations of the gut microbiome in mice. MR partially restores these cyclical fluctuations, which lead to time-specifically enhance the abundance of short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria, increases the acetate and butyric, and dampens the oscillation of inflammation-related Desulfovibrionales and Staphylococcaceae over the course of 1 day. Notably, MR, which protects against systemic inflammation, influences brain function and synaptic plasticity. CONCLUSION MR could serve as a potential nutritional intervention for attenuating obesity-induced cognitive impairments by balancing the circadian rhythm in microbiome-gut-brain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Hui
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1958, Denmark
| | - Chuanqi Chu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhenting Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Renjie Shi
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Junli Ren
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153453. [PMID: 32751250 PMCID: PMC7436041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, programmed cell death type I, is a critical part of neurodegeneration in cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s disease. Apoptosis begins with activation of pro-death proteins Bax and Bak, release of cytochrome c and activation of caspases, loss of membrane integrity of intracellular organelles, and ultimately cell death. Approaches that block apoptotic pathways may prevent or delay neurodegenerative processes. Carotenoids are a group of pigments found in fruits, vegetables, and seaweeds that possess antioxidant properties. Over the last several decades, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated a protective role of carotenoids in neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we describe functions of commonly consumed carotenoids including lycopene, β-carotene, lutein, astaxanthin, and fucoxanthin and their roles in neurodegenerative disease models. We also discuss the underlying cellular mechanisms of carotenoid-mediated neuroprotection, including their antioxidant properties, role as signaling molecules, and as gene regulators that alleviate apoptosis-associated brain cell death.
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Fang Y, Ou S, Wu T, Zhou L, Tang H, Jiang M, Xu J, Guo K. Lycopene alleviates oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2pathway in a cell model of Alzheimer's disease. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9308. [PMID: 32551202 PMCID: PMC7289143 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Lycopene is a pigment with potent antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. However, its potential role in central nervous system is not well-defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lycopene on the cell model of AD and determine its underlying mechanisms. Methods M146L cell is a double-transfected (human APP gene and presenlin-1 gene) Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line that overexpresses β -amyloid (Aβ) and is an ideal cell model for AD. We treated cells with lycopene, and observed the effect of lycopene on M146L cells. Results Oxidative stress and apoptosis in M146L cells were significantly higher than those in CHO cells, suggesting that Aβ induced OS and apoptosis. Lycopene alleviated OS and apoptosis, activated the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway, upregulated antioxidant and antiapoptotic proteins and downregulated proapoptotic proteins. Additionally, lycopene inhibited β -secretase (BACE) activity in M146L cells. These results suggest that lycopene inhibits BACE activity and protects M146L cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Conclusion Lycopene possibly prevents Aβ-induced damage by activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway and reducing the expression of BACE in M146L cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchao Fang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,The 5th Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingqi Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Tang
- Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaihua Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Mulati A, Ma S, Zhang H, Ren B, Zhao B, Wang L, Liu X, Zhao T, Kamanova S, Sair AT, Liu Z, Liu X. Sea-Buckthorn Flavonoids Alleviate High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Insulin Resistance and Neuroinflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5835-5846. [PMID: 32363873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sea-buckthorn flavonoids (SFs) have been used as functional food components for their bioactive potential in preventing metabolic complications caused by diet, such as obesity and inflammation. However, the protective effect of SFs on cognitive functions is not fully clear. In this study, a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice model was treated with SFs for 14 weeks. It was found that the oral SF administration (0.06% and 0.31% w/w, mixed in diet) significantly reduced bodyweight gain and insulin resistance in the HFFD-fed mice. SFs significantly prevented HFFD-induced neuronal loss and memory impairment in behavioral tests. Additionally, SFs also suppressed the HFFD-induced synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damages by increasing the protein expressions of PSD-95. Furthermore, SF treatment activated the ERK/CREB/BDNF and IRS-1/AKT pathways and inactivated the NF-κB signaling and its downstream inflammatory mediator expressions. In conclusion, SFs are a potential nutraceutical to prevent high-energy density diet-induced cognitive impairments, which could be possibly explained by their mediating effects on insulin signaling and inflammatory responses in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Svetlana Kamanova
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Ali Tahir Sair
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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40
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Zhao B, Wu J, Li J, Bai Y, Luo Y, Ji B, Xia B, Liu Z, Tan X, Lv J, Liu X. Lycopene Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis and Behavioral Disorders via Mediating Microbes-Gut-Brain Axis Balance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3963-3975. [PMID: 32162923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbes play significant roles in colitis development. The current study was aimed to uncover the preventive effects of lycopene (LYC), a functional carotenoid component, on colitis and the accompanied behavior disorders. The current study demonstrated that LYC treatment (50 mg/kg body weight/day) for 40 days prevented the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced gut barrier damages and inflammatory responses in male mice. LYC improved DSS-induced depression and anxiety-like behavioral disorders by suppressing neuroinflammation and prevented synaptic ultrastructure damages by upregulating the expressions of neurotrophic factor and postsynaptic-density protein. Moreover, LYC reshaped the gut microbiome in colitis mice by decreasing the relative abundance of proteobacteria and increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. LYC also elevated the generation of short-chain fatty acids and inhibited the permeability of lipopolysaccharide in colitis mice. In conclusion, LYC ameliorate DSS-induced colitis and behavioral disorders via mediating microbes-gut-brain axis balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beita Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jianbin Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jinghao Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yue Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bing Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bing Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14850 New York, United States
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jinyin Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Rd 22, Yangling 712100, China
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41
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Lycopene prevents lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by stimulating PPARα and improving mitochondrial function. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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42
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Bonet ML, Ribot J, Galmés S, Serra F, Palou A. Carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products in adipose tissue biology and obesity: Pre-clinical and human studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158676. [PMID: 32120014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiobesity activities of carotenoids and carotenoid conversion products (CCPs) have been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies, and mechanisms behind have begun to be unveiled, thus suggesting these compounds may help obesity prevention and management. The antiobesity action of carotenoids and CCPs can be traced to effects in multiple tissues, notably the adipose tissues. Key aspects of the biology of adipose tissues appear to be affected by carotenoid and CCPs, including adipogenesis, metabolic capacities for energy storage, release and inefficient oxidation, secretory function, and modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Here, we review the connections of carotenoids and CCPs with adipose tissue biology and obesity as revealed by cell and animal intervention studies, studies addressing the role of endogenous retinoid metabolism, and human epidemiological and intervention studies. We also consider human genetic variability influencing carotenoid and vitamin A metabolism, particularly in adipose tissues, as a potentially relevant aspect towards personalization of dietary recommendations to prevent or manage obesity and optimize metabolic health. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Bonet
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain.
| | - Joan Ribot
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | | | - Francisca Serra
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
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Carotenoids and fatty liver disease: Current knowledge and research gaps. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158597. [PMID: 31904420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids form an important part of the human diet, consumption of which has been associated with many health benefits. With the growing global burden of liver disease, increasing attention has been paid on the possible beneficial role that carotenoids may play in the liver. This review focuses on carotenoid actions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Indeed, many human studies have suggested an association between decreased circulating levels of carotenoids and increased incidence of NAFLD and ALD. The literature describing supplementation of individual carotenoids in rodent models of NAFLD and ALD is reviewed, with particular attention paid to β-carotene and lycopene, but also including β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and astaxanthin. The effect of beta-carotene oxygenase 1 and 2 knock-out mice on hepatic lipid metabolism is also discussed. In general, there is evidence to suggest that carotenoids have beneficial effects in animal models of both NAFLD and ALD. Mechanistically, these benefits may occur via three possible modes of action: 1) improved hepatic antioxidative status broadly attributed to carotenoids in general, 2) the generation of vitamin A from β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin, leading to improved hepatic retinoid signaling, and 3) the generation of apocarotenoid metabolites from β-carotene and lycopene, that may regulate hepatic signaling pathways. Gaps in our knowledge regarding carotenoid mechanisms of action in the liver are highlighted throughout, and the review ends by emphasizing the importance of dose effects, mode of delivery, and mechanism of action as important areas for further study. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia with Dietary Factors. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102277. [PMID: 31547555 PMCID: PMC6835897 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to chronic inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, it has attracted attention as a target for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases. As metabolic endotoxemia was first reported in mice that were fed a high-fat diet, research regarding its relationship with diets has been actively conducted in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the relationship between fat intake and induction of metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on gut dysbiosis and the influx, kinetics, and metabolism of LPS. We also summarize the recent findings about dietary factors that attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on the regulation of gut microbiota. We hope that in the future, control of metabolic endotoxemia using dietary factors will help maintain human health.
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Wang J, Zou Q, Suo Y, Tan X, Yuan T, Liu Z, Liu X. Lycopene ameliorates systemic inflammation-induced synaptic dysfunction via improving insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver-brain axis. Food Funct 2019; 10:2125-2137. [PMID: 30924473 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02460j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is an important determinant of synaptic dysfunction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Lycopene (LYC), a major carotenoid present in tomato, is regarded as a nutraceutical that has significant antioxidant and anti-obesity bioactivities. In the current study, we randomly divided 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice into 3 groups: the control, LPS and LPS + LYC groups (LYC, 0.03% w/w, mixed with normal chow) for 5 weeks, and then mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (0.25 mg kg-1) for 9 days. Our results demonstrated that LYC supplementation effectively attenuated LPS-elicited neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunction through increasing the expressions of neurotrophic factors and the synaptic proteins SNAP-25 and PSD-95. LYC ameliorated LPS-induced insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in the mouse brain and liver. LYC alleviated the neuroinflammation and hepatic inflammation. Furthermore, LYC decreased the circulating levels of insulin and proinflammatory mediators LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, these results indicated that the supplementation of LYC might be a nutritional preventive strategy in systemic inflammation-induced synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Lycopene supplementation attenuates western diet-induced body weight gain through increasing the expressions of thermogenic/mitochondrial functional genes and improving insulin resistance in the adipose tissue of obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Decreases in cognitive function related to increases in oxidative stress and inflammation occur with ageing. Acknowledging the free radical-quenching activity and anti-inflammatory action of the carotenoid lycopene, the aim of the present review was to assess if there is evidence for a protective relationship between lycopene and maintained cognitive function or between lycopene and development or progression of dementia. A systematic literature search identified five cross-sectional and five longitudinal studies examining these outcomes in relation to circulating or dietary lycopene. Among four studies evaluating relationships between lycopene and maintained cognition, three reported significant positive relationships. Neither of the two studies reporting on relationship between lycopene and development of dementia reported significant results. Of four studies investigating circulating lycopene and pre-existing dementia, only one reported significant associations between lower circulating lycopene and higher rates of Alzheimer's disease mortality. Acknowledging heterogeneity among studies, there is insufficient evidence and a paucity of data to draw firm conclusions or tease apart direct effects of lycopene. Nevertheless, as low circulating lycopene is a predictor of all-cause mortality, further investigation into its relationship with cognitive longevity and dementia-related mortality is warranted.
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Kim S, Oh J, Jang CH, Kim JS. Improvement of cognitive function by Gochujang supplemented with tomato paste in a mouse model. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1225-1233. [PMID: 31275723 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gochujang, a traditional Korean hot sauce, was prepared with a variety of antioxidant-rich supplements to improve its bioactive functions and preference by pungency-sensitive people. Among the tested ingredients, tomato paste exhibited the strongest antioxidant and neuroprotective activities when added as a supplement to traditional gochujang. Furthermore, oral administration of gochujang prepared with tomato paste to mice significantly improved cognitive function compared to original gochujang. As gochujang supplemented with tomato paste was found to contain an appreciable amount of lycopene with neuroprotective activity, it is most likely that the neuroprotective activity and cognitive improvement by the product was partially attributable to cis-lycopene, a highly bioavailable form converted from trans-lycopene during the manufacturing process of the product. However, a further study is required to verify the precise underlying mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Kim
- 1Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Oh
- 2School of Food Science and Technology (BK21PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Jang
- 2School of Food Science and Technology (BK21PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sang Kim
- 1Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea.,2School of Food Science and Technology (BK21PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
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