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Saranya G, Viswanathan P. Identification of renal protective gut microbiome derived-metabolites in diabetic chronic kidney disease: An integrated approach using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:104028. [PMID: 38854894 PMCID: PMC11154206 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolites from the gut microbiota define molecules in the gut-kidney cross talks. However, the mechanistic pathway by which the kidneys actively sense gut metabolites and their impact on diabetic chronic kidney disease (DCKD) remains unclear. This study is an attempt to investigate the gut microbiome metabolites, their host targeting genes, and their mechanistic action against DCKD. Gut microbiome, metabolites, and host targets were extracted from the gutMgene database and metabolites from the PubChem database. DCKD targets were identified from DisGeNET, GeneCard, NCBI, and OMIM databases. Computational examination such as protein-protein interaction networks, enrichment pathway, identification of metabolites for potential targets using molecular docking, hubgene-microbes-metabolite-samplesource-substrate (HMMSS) network architecture were executed using Network analyst, ShinyGo, GeneMania, Cytoscape, Autodock tools. There were 574 microbial metabolites, 2861 DCKD targets, and 222 microbes targeting host genes. After screening, we obtained 27 final targets, which are used for computational examination. From enrichment analysis, we found NF-ΚB1, AKT1, EGFR, JUN, and RELA as the main regulators in the DCKD development through mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway signalling. The (HMMSS) network analysis found F.prausnitzi, B.adolescentis, and B.distasonis probiotic bacteria that are found in the intestinal epithelium, colonic region, metabolize the substrates like tryptophan, other unknown substrates might have direct interaction with the NF-kB1 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targets. On docking of these target proteins with 3- Indole propionic acid (IPA) showed high binding energy affinity of -5.9 kcal/mol and -7.4kcal/mol. From this study we identified, the 3 IPA produced by F. prausnitzi A2-165 was found to have renal sensing properties inhibiting MAPK/NF-KB1 inflammatory pathway and would be useful in treating CKD in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.R. Saranya
- Renal Research Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ballanti M, Antonetti L, Mavilio M, Casagrande V, Moscatelli A, Pietrucci D, Teofani A, Internò C, Cardellini M, Paoluzi O, Monteleone G, Lefebvre P, Staels B, Mingrone G, Menghini R, Federici M. Decreased circulating IPA levels identify subjects with metabolic comorbidities: A multi-omics study. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107207. [PMID: 38734193 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent years several experimental observations demonstrated that the gut microbiome plays a role in regulating positively or negatively metabolic homeostasis. Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a Tryptophan catabolic product mainly produced by C. Sporogenes, has been recently shown to exert either favorable or unfavorable effects in the context of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. We performed a study to delineate clinical and multiomics characteristics of human subjects characterized by low and high IPA levels. Subjects with low IPA blood levels showed insulin resistance, overweight, low-grade inflammation, and features of metabolic syndrome compared to those with high IPA. Metabolomics analysis revealed that IPA was negatively correlated with leucine, isoleucine, and valine metabolism. Transcriptomics analysis in colon tissue revealed the enrichment of several signaling, regulatory, and metabolic processes. Metagenomics revealed several OTU of ruminococcus, alistipes, blautia, butyrivibrio and akkermansia were significantly enriched in highIPA group while in lowIPA group Escherichia-Shigella, megasphera, and Desulfovibrio genus were more abundant. Next, we tested the hypothesis that treatment with IPA in a mouse model may recapitulate the observations of human subjects, at least in part. We found that a short treatment with IPA (4 days at 20/mg/kg) improved glucose tolerance and Akt phosphorylation in the skeletal muscle level, while regulating blood BCAA levels and gene expression in colon tissue, all consistent with results observed in human subjects stratified for IPA levels. Our results suggest that treatment with IPA may be considered a potential strategy to improve insulin resistance in subjects with dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ballanti
- Center for Atherosclerosis and Internal Medicine Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Via Oxford 81, Rome 00133, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonetti
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Maria Mavilio
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Viviana Casagrande
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moscatelli
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy; Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, 00179, Italy
| | - Daniele Pietrucci
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Adelaide Teofani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Internò
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Marina Cardellini
- Center for Atherosclerosis and Internal Medicine Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Via Oxford 81, Rome 00133, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Omero Paoluzi
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Via Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy; Unit of Gastroenterology, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Via Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Lefebvre
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 EGID, Lille France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 EGID, Lille France
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Rossella Menghini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Center for Atherosclerosis and Internal Medicine Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Via Oxford 81, Rome 00133, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.
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3
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Yang M, Cai W, Li X, Deng Y, Li J, Wang X, Zhu L, Wang C, Li X. The Effect of Type 2 Resistant Starch and Indole-3-Propionic Acid on Ameliorating High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis. Foods 2024; 13:1625. [PMID: 38890854 PMCID: PMC11172015 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, obesity has emerged as a significant global public health concern. To gain enhanced control over obesity, we examined the effects of type 2 resistant starch (RS2) and its promoted microbial-derived metabolite, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), on hepatic steatosis, antioxidant activity, and gut microbiota in obese mice. Neither RS2 nor low-dose IPA (20 mg kg-1) exhibited a reduction in body weight or improved glucose and lipid metabolism in post-obesity state mice continuously fed the high-fat diet (HFD). However, both interventions improved hepatic steatosis, with RS2 being more effective in all measured parameters, potentially due to changes in gut microbiota and metabolites not solely attributed to IPA. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed increased serum IPA levels in both RS2 and IPA groups, which positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Clostridium. Moreover, RS2 exhibited a more significant restoration of gut dysbiosis by promoting the abundance of health-promoting bacteria including Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium. These findings suggest that the regulatory role of RS2 on tryptophan metabolism only partially explains its prebiotic activity. Future studies should consider increasing the dose of IPA and combining RS2 and IPA to explore their potential interventions in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wanhao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yixuan Deng
- The 2nd School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou 325035, China;
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
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Scuto M, Rampulla F, Reali GM, Spanò SM, Trovato Salinaro A, Calabrese V. Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut-Brain Axis Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:484. [PMID: 38671931 PMCID: PMC11047582 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress resilience and overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut-brain axis has attracted prominent interest for preventing and therapeutically impacting neuropathologies and gastrointestinal diseases. Polyphenols and polyphenol-combined nanoparticles in synergy with probiotics have shown to improve gut bioavailability and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, thus inhibiting the oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and inflammation linked to gut dysbiosis and ultimately the onset and progression of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In accordance with hormesis, polyphenols display biphasic dose-response effects by activating at a low dose the Nrf2 pathway resulting in the upregulation of antioxidant vitagenes, as in the case of heme oxygenase-1 upregulated by hidrox® or curcumin and sirtuin-1 activated by resveratrol to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, microbiota dysfunction and neurotoxic damage. Importantly, modulation of the composition and function of the gut microbiota through polyphenols and/or probiotics enhances the abundance of beneficial bacteria and can prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. Interestingly, dysregulation of the Nrf2 pathway in the gut and the brain can exacerbate selective susceptibility under neuroinflammatory conditions to CNS disorders due to the high vulnerability of vagal sensory neurons to oxidative stress. Herein, we aimed to discuss hormetic nutrients, including polyphenols and/or probiotics, targeting the Nrf2 pathway and vitagenes for the development of promising neuroprotective and therapeutic strategies to suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and microbiota deregulation, and consequently improve cognitive performance and brain health. In this review, we also explore interactions of the gut-brain axis based on sophisticated and cutting-edge technologies for novel anti-neuroinflammatory approaches and personalized nutritional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.R.); (S.M.S.); (V.C.)
| | | | | | | | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.R.); (G.M.R.); (S.M.S.); (V.C.)
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Zhang J, Wang H, Liu Y, Shi M, Zhang M, Zhang H, Chen J. Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1370999. [PMID: 38660489 PMCID: PMC11039806 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Williams LM, Cao S. Harnessing and delivering microbial metabolites as therapeutics via advanced pharmaceutical approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 256:108605. [PMID: 38367866 PMCID: PMC10985132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have emerged as key players in the interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and host health. Two major classes, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, are recognized to regulate inflammatory, immune, and metabolic responses within the host. Given that many human diseases are associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and consequent reductions in microbial metabolite production, the administration of these metabolites represents a direct, multi-targeted treatment. While a multitude of preclinical studies showcase the therapeutic potential of both SCFAs and Trp metabolites, they often rely on high doses and frequent dosing regimens to achieve systemic effects, thereby constraining their clinical applicability. To address these limitations, a variety of pharmaceutical formulations approaches that enable targeted, delayed, and/or sustained microbial metabolite delivery have been developed. These approaches, including enteric encapsulations, esterification to dietary fiber, prodrugs, and nanoformulations, pave the way for the next generation of microbial metabolite-based therapeutics. In this review, we first provide an overview of the roles of microbial metabolites in maintaining host homeostasis and outline how compromised metabolite production contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory, metabolic, autoimmune, allergic, infectious, and cancerous diseases. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic potential of metabolites in these disease contexts. Then, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the pharmaceutical strategies that have been employed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of microbial metabolites, with a focus on SCFAs and Trp metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Shijie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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Wang Z, Peters BA, Yu B, Grove ML, Wang T, Xue X, Thyagarajan B, Daviglus ML, Boerwinkle E, Hu G, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Isasi CR, Knight R, Burk RD, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes. Circ Res 2024; 134:842-854. [PMID: 38547246 PMCID: PMC10987058 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent evidence suggests diabetes-protective effects of dietary fiber intake. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of gut microbiota and host circulating metabolites, are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate gut microbiota and circulating metabolites associated with dietary fiber intake and their relationships with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS This study included up to 11 394 participants from the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos). Diet was assessed with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline. We examined associations of dietary fiber intake with gut microbiome measured by shotgun metagenomics (350 species/85 genera and 1958 enzymes; n=2992 at visit 2), serum metabolome measured by untargeted metabolomics (624 metabolites; n=6198 at baseline), and associations between fiber-related gut bacteria and metabolites (n=804 at visit 2). We examined prospective associations of serum microbial-associated metabolites (n=3579 at baseline) with incident T2D over 6 years. RESULTS We identified multiple bacterial genera, species, and related enzymes associated with fiber intake. Several bacteria (eg, Butyrivibrio, Faecalibacterium) and enzymes involved in fiber degradation (eg, xylanase EC3.2.1.156) were positively associated with fiber intake, inversely associated with prevalent T2D, and favorably associated with T2D-related metabolic traits. We identified 159 metabolites associated with fiber intake, 47 of which were associated with incident T2D. We identified 18 of these 47 metabolites associated with the identified fiber-related bacteria, including several microbial metabolites (eg, indolepropionate and 3-phenylpropionate) inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Both Butyrivibrio and Faecalibacterium were associated with these favorable metabolites. The associations of fiber-related bacteria, especially Faecalibacterium and Butyrivibrio, with T2D were attenuated after further adjustment for these microbial metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Among United States Hispanics/Latinos, dietary fiber intake was associated with favorable profiles of gut microbiota and circulating metabolites for T2D. These findings advance our understanding of the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the relationship between diet and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (B.Y., M.L.G., E.B.)
| | - Megan L Grove
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (B.Y., M.L.G., E.B.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Genomics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (B.T.)
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.L.D.)
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (B.Y., M.L.G., E.B.)
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (E.B.)
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA (G.H.)
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation (R.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Pediatrics (R.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Pediatrics (R.D.B.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health (R.D.B.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology (R.D.B.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (R.C.K.)
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (Z.W., B.A.P., T.W., X.X., Y.M.-R., C.R.I., R.D.B., R.C.K., Q.Q.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (Q.Q.)
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Xiao Y, Feng Y, Zhao J, Chen W, Lu W. Achieving healthy aging through gut microbiota-directed dietary intervention: Focusing on microbial biomarkers and host mechanisms. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00092-4. [PMID: 38462039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging has become a primary global public health issue, and the prevention of age-associated diseases and prolonging healthy life expectancies are of particular importance. Gut microbiota has emerged as a novel target in various host physiological disorders including aging. Comprehensive understanding on changes of gut microbiota during aging, in particular gut microbiota characteristics of centenarians, can provide us possibility to achieving healthy aging or intervene pathological aging through gut microbiota-directed strategies. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize the characteristics of the gut microbiota associated with aging, explore potential biomarkers of aging and address microbiota-associated mechanisms of host aging focusing on intestinal barrier and immune status. By summarizing the existing effective dietary strategies in aging interventions, the probability of developing a diet targeting the gut microbiota in future is provided. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review is focused on three key notions: Firstly, gut microbiota has become a new target for regulating health status and lifespan, and its changes are closely related to age. Thus, we summarized aging-associated gut microbiota features at the levels of key genus/species and important metabolites through comparing the microbiota differences among centenarians, elderly people and younger people. Secondly, exploring microbiota biomarkers related to aging and discussing future possibility using dietary regime/components targeted to aging-related microbiota biomarkers promote human healthy lifespan. Thirdly, dietary intervention can effectively improve the imbalance of gut microbiota related to aging, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, but their effects vary among.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Yingxuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Jeppe K, Ftouni S, Nijagal B, Grant LK, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Phillips AJK, McConville MJ, Tull D, Anderson C. Accurate detection of acute sleep deprivation using a metabolomic biomarker-A machine learning approach. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj6834. [PMID: 38457492 PMCID: PMC11094653 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation enhances risk for serious injury and fatality on the roads and in workplaces. To facilitate future management of these risks through advanced detection, we developed and validated a metabolomic biomarker of sleep deprivation in healthy, young participants, across three experiments. Bi-hourly plasma samples from 2 × 40-hour extended wake protocols (for train/test models) and 1 × 40-hour protocol with an 8-hour overnight sleep interval were analyzed by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using a knowledge-based machine learning approach, five consistently important variables were used to build predictive models. Sleep deprivation (24 to 38 hours awake) was predicted accurately in classification models [versus well-rested (0 to 16 hours)] (accuracy = 94.7%/AUC 99.2%, 79.3%/AUC 89.1%) and to a lesser extent in regression (R2 = 86.1 and 47.8%) models for within- and between-participant models, respectively. Metabolites were identified for replicability/future deployment. This approach for detecting acute sleep deprivation offers potential to reduce accidents through "fitness for duty" or "post-accident analysis" assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Jeppe
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Suzanne Ftouni
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brunda Nijagal
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Leilah K. Grant
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven W. Lockley
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J. K. Phillips
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malcolm J. McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dedreia Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Clare Anderson
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
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10
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Zhang Y, Tang N, Zhou H, Zhu Y. The role of microbial metabolites in endocrine tumorigenesis: From the mechanistic insights to potential therapeutic biomarkers. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116218. [PMID: 38308969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have been indicated to communicate with the host's endocrine system, regulating hormone production, immune-endocrine communications, and interactions along the gut-brain axis, eventually affecting the occurrence of endocrine cancer. Furthermore, microbiota metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been found to affect the tumor microenvironment and boost immunity against tumors. SCFAs, including butyrate and acetate, have been demonstrated to exert anti-proliferative and anti-protective activity on pancreatic cancer cells. The employing of microbial metabolic products in conjunction with radiation and chemotherapy has shown promising outcomes in terms of reducing treatment side effects and boosting effectiveness. Certain metabolites, such as valerate and butyrate, have been made known to improve the efficiency of CAR T-cell treatment, whilst others, such as indole-derived tryptophan metabolites, have been shown to inhibit tumor immunity. This review explores the intricate interplay between microbial metabolites and endocrine tumorigenesis, spanning mechanistic insights to the discovery of potential therapeutic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Nie Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
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11
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Wang YC, Chin Koay Y, Pan C, Zhou Z, Wilson Tang WH, Wilcox J, Li XS, Zagouras A, Marques F, Allayee H, Rey FE, Kaye DM, O’Sullivan JF, Hazen SL, Cao Y, Lusis AJ. Indole-3-Propionic Acid Protects Against Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Res 2024; 134:371-389. [PMID: 38264909 PMCID: PMC10923103 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common but poorly understood form of heart failure, characterized by impaired diastolic function. It is highly heterogeneous with multiple comorbidities, including obesity and diabetes, making human studies difficult. METHODS Metabolomic analyses in a mouse model of HFpEF showed that levels of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a metabolite produced by gut bacteria from tryptophan, were reduced in the plasma and heart tissue of HFpEF mice as compared with controls. We then examined the role of IPA in mouse models of HFpEF as well as 2 human HFpEF cohorts. RESULTS The protective role and therapeutic effects of IPA were confirmed in mouse models of HFpEF using IPA dietary supplementation. IPA attenuated diastolic dysfunction, metabolic remodeling, oxidative stress, inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and intestinal epithelial barrier damage. In the heart, IPA suppressed the expression of NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyl transferase), restored nicotinamide, NAD+/NADH, and SIRT3 (sirtuin 3) levels. IPA mediates the protective effects on diastolic dysfunction, at least in part, by promoting the expression of SIRT3. SIRT3 regulation was mediated by IPA binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, as Sirt3 knockdown diminished the effects of IPA on diastolic dysfunction in vivo. The role of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide circuit in HFpEF was further confirmed by nicotinamide supplementation, Nnmt knockdown, and Nnmt overexpression in vivo. IPA levels were significantly reduced in patients with HFpEF in 2 independent human cohorts, consistent with a protective function in humans, as well as mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that IPA protects against diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF by enhancing the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage pathway, suggesting the possibility of therapeutic management by either altering the gut microbiome composition or supplementing the diet with IPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W. H. Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH
| | - Jennifer Wilcox
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH
| | - Xinmin S. Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH
| | | | - Francine Marques
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9075, USA
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David M. Kaye
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John F. O’Sullivan
- Cardiometabolic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Nordin E, Landberg R, Hellström PM, Brunius C. Exploration of differential responses to FODMAPs and gluten in people with irritable bowel syndrome- a double-blind randomized cross-over challenge study. Metabolomics 2024; 20:21. [PMID: 38347192 PMCID: PMC10861383 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is large variation in response to diet in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and determinants for differential response are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate differential clinical and molecular responses to provocation with fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) and gluten in individuals with IBS. METHODS Data were used from a crossover study with week-long interventions with either FODMAPs, gluten or placebo. The study also included a rapid provocation test. Molecular data consisted of fecal microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and untargeted plasma metabolomics. IBS symptoms were evaluated with the IBS severity scoring system. IBS symptoms were modelled against molecular and baseline questionnaire data, using Random Forest (RF; regression and clustering), Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), and univariate methods. RESULTS Regression and classification RF models were in general of low predictive power (Q2 ≤ 0.22, classification rate < 0.73). Out of 864 clustering models, only 2 had significant associations to clusters (0.69 < CR < 0.73, p < 0.05), but with no associations to baseline clinical measures. Similarly, PARAFAC revealed no clear association between metabolome data and IBS symptoms. CONCLUSION Differential IBS responses to FODMAPs or gluten exposures could not be explained from clinical and molecular data despite extensive exploration with different data analytical approaches. The trial is registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov as NCT03653689 31/08/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Nordin
- Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Unión-Caballero A, Meroño T, Zamora-Ros R, Rostgaard-Hansen AL, Miñarro A, Sánchez-Pla A, Estanyol-Torres N, Martínez-Huelamo M, Cubedo M, González-Domínguez R, Tjønneland A, Riccardi G, Landberg R, Halkjær J, Andrés-Lacueva C. Metabolome biomarkers linking dietary fibre intake with cardiometabolic effects: results from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations MAX study. Food Funct 2024; 15:1643-1654. [PMID: 38247399 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04763f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers associated with dietary fibre intake, as complements to traditional dietary assessment tools, may improve the understanding of its role in human health. Our aim was to discover metabolite biomarkers related to dietary fibre intake and investigate their association with cardiometabolic risk factors. We used data and samples from the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Next Generation (DCH-NG) MAX-study, a one-year observational study with evaluations at baseline, six and 12 months (n = 624, 55% female, mean age: 43 years, 1353 observations). Direct associations between fibre intake and plasma concentrations of 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,6-DHBA) and indolepropionic acid were observed at the three time-points. Both metabolites showed an intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.50 and were associated with the self-reported intake of wholegrain cereals, and of fruits and vegetables, respectively. Other metabolites associated with dietary fibre intake were linolenoyl carnitine, 2-aminophenol, 3,4-DHBA, and proline betaine. Based on the metabolites associated with dietary fibre intake we calculated predicted values of fibre intake using a multivariate, machine-learning algorithm. Metabolomics-based predicted fibre, but not self-reported fibre values, showed negative associations with cardiometabolic risk factors (i.e. high sensitivity C-reactive protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, all FDR-adjusted p-values <0.05). Furthermore, different correlations with gut microbiota composition were observed. In conclusion, 2,6-DHBA and indolepropionic acid in plasma may better link dietary fibre intake with its metabolic effects than self-reported values. These metabolites may represent a novel class of biomarkers reflecting both dietary exposure and host and/or gut microbiota characteristics providing a read-out that is differentially related to cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Unión-Caballero
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Miñarro
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Sánchez-Pla
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Estanyol-Torres
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miriam Martínez-Huelamo
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cubedo
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gabrielle Riccardi
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Luo K, Wang Z, Peters BA, Hanna DB, Wang T, Sollecito CC, Grassi E, Wiek F, St Peter L, Usyk M, Post WS, Landay AL, Hodis HN, Weber KM, French A, Golub ET, Lazar J, Gustafson D, Sharma A, Anastos K, Clish CB, Knight R, Kaplan RC, Burk RD, Qi Q. Tryptophan metabolism, gut microbiota, and carotid artery plaque in women with and without HIV infection. AIDS 2024; 38:223-233. [PMID: 37199567 PMCID: PMC10640661 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The perturbation of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism has been linked with HIV infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the interrelationship among TRP metabolites, gut microbiota, and atherosclerosis remain unclear in the context of HIV infection. METHODS We included 361 women (241 HIV+, 120 HIV-) with carotid artery plaque assessments from the Women's Interagency HIV Study, measured 10 plasma TRP metabolites and profiled fecal gut microbiome. TRP metabolite-related gut bacteria were selected through the Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction method. Associations of TRP metabolites and related microbial features with plaque were examined using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Although plasma kynurenic acid (KYNA) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-3.32 per one SD increase; P = 0.02) and KYNA/TRP [OR = 1.83 (95% CI 1.08-3.09), P = 0.02] were positively associated with plaque, indole-3-propionate (IPA) [OR = 0.62 (95% CI 0.40-0.98), P = 0.03] and IPA/KYNA [OR = 0.51 (95% CI 0.33-0.80), P < 0.01] were inversely associated with plaque. Five gut bacterial genera and many affiliated species were positively associated with IPA (FDR-q < 0.25), including Roseburia spp ., Eubacterium spp., Lachnospira spp., and Coprobacter spp.; but no bacterial genera were found to be associated with KYNA. Furthermore, an IPA-associated-bacteria score was inversely associated with plaque [OR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.28-0.79), P < 0.01]. But no significant effect modification by HIV serostatus was observed in these associations. CONCLUSION In a cohort of women living with and without HIV infection, plasma IPA levels and related gut bacteria were inversely associated with carotid artery plaque, suggesting a potential beneficial role of IPA and its gut bacterial producers in atherosclerosis and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Christopher C Sollecito
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Evan Grassi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Fanua Wiek
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Lauren St Peter
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Howard N Hodis
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Audrey French
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Golub
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Lazar
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Sastre M, Cimbalo A, Mañes J, Manyes L. Gut Microbiota and Nutrition: Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. J Med Food 2024; 27:97-109. [PMID: 38381517 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has increased in last decades worldwide and is expected to continue to do so in the coming years, reaching alarming figures. Evidence have shown that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Moreover, several mechanisms link the microbiota with the appearance of insulin resistance and diabetes. Diet is a crucial factor related to changes in the composition, diversity, and activity of gut microbiota (GM). In this review, the current and future possibilities of nutrient-GM interactions as a strategy to alleviate T2D are discussed, as well as the mechanisms related to decreased low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. A bibliographic search of clinical trials in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus was carried out, using the terms "gut microbiota, diet and diabetes." The data analyzed in this review support the idea that dietary interventions targeting changes in the microbiota, including the use of prebiotics and probiotics, can improve glycemic parameters. However, these strategies should be individualized taking into account other internal and external factors. Advances in the understanding of the role of the microbiota in the development of metabolic diseases such as T2D, and its translation into a therapeutic approach for the management of diabetes, are necessary to allow a comprehensive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sastre
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alessandra Cimbalo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Mañes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lara Manyes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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16
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Koistinen VM, Haldar S, Tuomainen M, Lehtonen M, Klåvus A, Draper J, Lloyd A, Beckmann M, Bal W, Ross AB, Brandt K, Fawcett L, Seal C, Hanhineva K. Metabolic changes in response to varying whole-grain wheat and rye intake. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:8. [PMID: 38291073 PMCID: PMC10828387 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between whole-grain intake and lowered disease risk. A sufficient level of whole-grain intake to reach the health benefits has not been established, and there is limited knowledge about the impact of whole-grain intake on metabolite levels. In this clinical intervention study, we aimed to identify plasma and urine metabolites associated with two different intake levels of whole-grain wheat and rye and to correlate them with clinical plasma biomarkers. Healthy volunteers (N = 68) were divided into two groups receiving either whole-grain wheat or whole-grain rye in two four-week interventions with 48 and 96 g/d of whole grains consumed. The metabolomics of the plasma samples was performed with UPLC-QTOF-MS. Plasma alkylresorcinols were quantified with GC-MS and plasma and urinary mammalian lignans with HPLC-ECD. The high-dose intervention impacted the metabolite profile, including microbial metabolites, more in the rye-enriched diet compared with wheat. Among the increased metabolites were alkylresorcinol glucuronides, sinapyl alcohol, and pipecolic acid betaine, while the decreased metabolites included acylcarnitines and ether lipids. Plasma alkylresorcinols, urinary enterolactone, and total mammalian lignans reflected the study diets in a dose-dependent manner. Several key metabolites linked with whole-grain consumption and gut microbial metabolism increased in a linear manner between the two interventions. The results reveal that an increase in whole-grain intake, particularly rye, is strongly reflected in the metabolite profile, is correlated with clinical variables, and suggests that a diet rich in whole grains promotes the growth and/or metabolism of microbes producing potentially beneficial microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville M Koistinen
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Sumanto Haldar
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovations (SIFBI), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Marjo Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anton Klåvus
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - John Draper
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Amanda Lloyd
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK
| | - Wendy Bal
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Kirsten Brandt
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee Fawcett
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chris Seal
- Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Food and Nutrition Science Division, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Demicheva E, Dordiuk V, Polanco Espino F, Ushenin K, Aboushanab S, Shevyrin V, Buhler A, Mukhlynina E, Solovyova O, Danilova I, Kovaleva E. Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Blood Metabolomics Profiling for Non-Cancer Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:54. [PMID: 38248857 PMCID: PMC10820779 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood metabolomics profiling using mass spectrometry has emerged as a powerful approach for investigating non-cancer diseases and understanding their underlying metabolic alterations. Blood, as a readily accessible physiological fluid, contains a diverse repertoire of metabolites derived from various physiological systems. Mass spectrometry offers a universal and precise analytical platform for the comprehensive analysis of blood metabolites, encompassing proteins, lipids, peptides, glycans, and immunoglobulins. In this comprehensive review, we present an overview of the research landscape in mass spectrometry-based blood metabolomics profiling. While the field of metabolomics research is primarily focused on cancer, this review specifically highlights studies related to non-cancer diseases, aiming to bring attention to valuable research that often remains overshadowed. Employing natural language processing methods, we processed 507 articles to provide insights into the application of metabolomic studies for specific diseases and physiological systems. The review encompasses a wide range of non-cancer diseases, with emphasis on cardiovascular disease, reproductive disease, diabetes, inflammation, and immunodeficiency states. By analyzing blood samples, researchers gain valuable insights into the metabolic perturbations associated with these diseases, potentially leading to the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of personalized therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of various mass spectrometry approaches utilized in blood metabolomics research, including GC-MS, LC-MS, and others discussing their advantages and limitations. To enhance the scope, we propose including recent review articles supporting the applicability of GC×GC-MS for metabolomics-based studies. This addition will contribute to a more exhaustive understanding of the available analytical techniques. The Integration of mass spectrometry-based blood profiling into clinical practice holds promise for improving disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and patient outcomes. By unraveling the complex metabolic alterations associated with non-cancer diseases, researchers and healthcare professionals can pave the way for precision medicine and personalized therapeutic interventions. Continuous advancements in mass spectrometry technology and data analysis methods will further enhance the potential of blood metabolomics profiling in non-cancer diseases, facilitating its translation from the laboratory to routine clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Demicheva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Vladislav Dordiuk
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Fernando Polanco Espino
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Konstantin Ushenin
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Autonomous Non-Profit Organization Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (AIRI), Moscow 105064, Russia
| | - Saied Aboushanab
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Vadim Shevyrin
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Aleksey Buhler
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
| | - Elena Mukhlynina
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Olga Solovyova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Irina Danilova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620075, Russia; (V.D.); (F.P.E.); (K.U.); (A.B.); (E.M.); (O.S.); (I.D.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Elena Kovaleva
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia; (S.A.); (V.S.); (E.K.)
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18
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Yang H, Huang YX, Xiong PY, Li JQ, Chen JL, Liu X, Gong YJ, Ding WJ. Possible connection between intestinal tuft cells, ILC2s and obesity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1266667. [PMID: 38283340 PMCID: PMC10811205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal tuft cells (TCs) are defined as chemosensory cells that can "taste" danger and induce immune responses. They play a critical role in gastrointestinal parasite invasion, inflammatory bowel diseases and high-fat diet-induced obesity. Intestinal IL-25, the unique product of TCs, is a key activator of type 2 immunity, especially to promote group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to secret IL-13. Then the IL-13 mainly promotes intestinal stem cell (ISCs) proliferation into TCs and goblet cells. This pathway formulates the circuit in the intestine. This paper focuses on the potential role of the intestinal TC, ILC2 and their circuit in obesity-induced intestinal damage, and discussion on further study and the potential therapeutic target in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Xing Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei-Yu Xiong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Lan Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Ju Gong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Jun Ding
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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19
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Niu B, Pan T, Xiao Y, Wang H, Zhu J, Tian F, Lu W, Chen W. The therapeutic potential of dietary intervention: based on the mechanism of a tryptophan derivative-indole propionic acid on metabolic disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38189263 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2299744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Tryptophan (TRP) contributes to individual immune homeostasis and good condition via three complex metabolism pathways (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), kynurenine (KP), and gut microbiota pathway). Indole propionic acid (IPA), one of the TRP derivatives of the microbiota pathway, has raised more attention because of its impact on metabolic disorders. Here, we retrospect increasing evidence that TRP metabolites/IPA derived from its proteolysis impact host health and disease. IPA can activate the immune system through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and/or Pregnane X receptor (PXR) as a vital mediator among diet-caused host and microbe cross-talk. Different levels of IPA in systemic circulation can predict the risk of NAFLD, T2DM, and CVD. IPA is suggested to alleviate cognitive impairment from oxidative damage, reduce gut inflammation, inhibit lipid accumulation and attenuate the symptoms of NAFLD, putatively enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier, and maintain intestinal homeostasis. Now, we provide a general description of the relationships between IPA and various physiological and pathological processes, which support an opportunity for diet intervention for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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20
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Yang M, Massad K, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Li G. Gut microbiota and metabolite interface-mediated hepatic inflammation. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2024; 6:e00037. [PMID: 38283696 PMCID: PMC10810350 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Immunologic and metabolic signals regulated by gut microbiota and relevant metabolites mediate bidirectional interaction between the gut and liver. Gut microbiota dysbiosis, due to diet, lifestyle, bile acids, and genetic and environmental factors, can advance the progression of chronic liver disease. Commensal gut bacteria have both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects depending on their species and relative abundance in the intestine. Components and metabolites derived from gut microbiota-diet interaction can regulate hepatic innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as liver parenchymal cells, significantly impacting liver inflammation. In this mini review, recent findings of specific bacterial species and metabolites with functions in regulating liver inflammation are first reviewed. In addition, socioeconomic and environmental factors, hormones, and genetics that shape the profile of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites and components with the function of priming or dampening liver inflammation are discussed. Finally, current clinical trials evaluating the factors that manipulate gut microbiota to treat liver inflammation and chronic liver disease are reviewed. Overall, the discussion of microbial and metabolic mediators contributing to liver inflammation will help direct our future studies on liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Katina Massad
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Eric T. Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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21
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Teunis CJ, Stroes ESG, Boekholdt SM, Wareham NJ, Murphy AJ, Nieuwdorp M, Hazen SL, Hanssen NMJ. Tryptophan metabolites and incident cardiovascular disease: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Atherosclerosis 2023; 387:117344. [PMID: 37945449 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the largest cause of death globally due to various risk factors. One novel potential contributor to CVD might be the metabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp), which through many pathways can produce immunomodulatory metabolites such as kynurenine, indole-3-propionate and serotonin. We aim to identify the metabolites with the strongest association with cardiovascular disease, utilizing a substantial and diverse cohort of individuals. In our pursuit of this aim, our primary focus is to validate and reinforce the findings from previous cross-sectional studies. METHODS We used the community-based EPIC-Norfolk cohort (46.3 % men, age 59.8 ± 9.0) with a median follow-up of 22.1 (17.6-23.3) years to study associations between the relative levels of Trp metabolites measured with untargeted metabolomics and incident development of CVD. Serum from n = 11,972 apparently healthy subjects was analysed, of which 6982 individuals had developed CVD at the end of follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were used to study associations, adjusted for sex, age, conventional cardiovascular risk factors and CRP. All metabolites were Ln-normalised prior to analysis. RESULTS Higher levels of Trp were inversely associated with mortality (HR 0.73; CI 0.64-0.83) and fatal CVD (HR 0.76; CI 0.59-0.99). Higher levels of kynurenine (HR 1.33; CI 1.19-1.49) and the [Kynurenine]/[Tryptophan]-ratio (HR 1.24; CI 1.14-1.35) were associated with a higher incident development of CVD. Serotonin was not associated with overall CVD, but we did find associations for myocardial infarction and stroke. Adjustment for CRP did not yield any discernible differences in effect size. CONCLUSIONS Tryptophan levels were inversely correlated with CVD, while several of its major metabolites (especially kynurenine and serotonin) were positively correlated. These findings indicate that mechanistic studies are required to understand the role of Trp metabolism in CVD with the goal to identify new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte J Teunis
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Nordin M J Hanssen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Hu Y, Li J, Wang B, Zhu L, Li Y, Ivey KL, Lee KH, Eliassen AH, Chan A, Huttenhower C, Hu FB, Qi Q, Rimm EB, Sun Q. Interplay between diet, circulating indolepropionate concentrations and cardiometabolic health in US populations. Gut 2023; 72:2260-2271. [PMID: 37739776 PMCID: PMC10841831 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify indolepropionate (IPA)-predicting gut microbiota species, investigate potential diet-microbiota interactions, and examine the prospective associations of circulating IPA concentrations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in free-living individuals. DESIGN We included 287 men from the Men's Lifestyle Validation Study, a substudy of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), who provided up to two pairs of faecal samples and two blood samples. Diet was assessed using 7-day diet records. Associations between plasma concentrations of tryptophan metabolites and T2D CHD risk were examined in 13 032 participants from Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHSII and HPFS. RESULTS We identified 17 microbial species whose abundance was significantly associated with plasma IPA concentrations. A significant association between higher tryptophan intake and higher IPA concentrations was only observed among men who had higher fibre intake and a higher microbial species score consisting of the 17 species (p-interaction<0.01). Dietary and plasma concentrations of tryptophan and most kynurenine pathway metabolites were positively associated with T2D risk (HRQ5 vs Q1 ranged from 1.17 to 1.46) while a significant inverse association was found for IPA (HRQ5 vs Q1 (95% CI) 0.70 (0.56 to 0.88)). No associations were found in CHD for any plasma tryptophan metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Specific microbial species and dietary fibre jointly predicted significantly higher circulating IPA concentrations at higher tryptophan intake. Dietary and plasma tryptophan, as well as its kynurenine pathway metabolites, demonstrated divergent associations from those for IPA, which was significantly predictive of lower risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Biqi Wang
- Department of Medicine, UMASS Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kerry L Ivey
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kyu Ha Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard University T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard University T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Flinders University College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Turpin T, Thouvenot K, Gonthier MP. Adipokines and Bacterial Metabolites: A Pivotal Molecular Bridge Linking Obesity and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis to Target. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1692. [PMID: 38136564 PMCID: PMC10742113 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are essential mediators produced by adipose tissue and exert multiple biological functions. In particular, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-6, MCP-1 and PAI-1 play specific roles in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs involved in metabolic, immune and vascular health. During obesity, adipokine imbalance occurs and leads to a low-grade pro-inflammatory status, promoting insulin resistance-related diabetes and its vascular complications. A causal link between obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been demonstrated. The deregulation of gut bacteria communities characterizing this dysbiosis influences the synthesis of bacterial substances including lipopolysaccharides and specific metabolites, generated via the degradation of dietary components, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine metabolized into trimethylamine-oxide in the liver and indole derivatives. Emerging evidence suggests that these bacterial metabolites modulate signaling pathways involved in adipokine production and action. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular links between gut bacteria-derived metabolites and adipokine imbalance in obesity, and emphasizes their roles in key pathological mechanisms related to oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance and vascular disorder. Given this interaction between adipokines and bacterial metabolites, the review highlights their relevance (i) as complementary clinical biomarkers to better explore the metabolic, inflammatory and vascular complications during obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and (ii) as targets for new antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic triple action strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie-Paule Gonthier
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (T.T.); (K.T.)
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24
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Sayegh M, Ni QQ, Ranawana V, Raikos V, Hayward NJ, Hayes HE, Duncan G, Cantlay L, Farquharson F, Solvang M, Horgan GW, Louis P, Russell WR, Clegg M, Thies F, Neacsu M. Habitual consumption of high-fibre bread fortified with bean hulls increased plasma indole-3-propionic concentration and decreased putrescine and deoxycholic acid faecal concentrations in healthy volunteers. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1521-1536. [PMID: 36847278 PMCID: PMC10551484 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Only 6 to 8 % of the UK adults meet the daily recommendation for dietary fibre. Fava bean processing lead to vast amounts of high-fibre by-products such as hulls. Bean hull fortified bread was formulated to increase and diversify dietary fibre while reducing waste. This study assessed the bean hull: suitability as a source of dietary fibre; the systemic and microbial metabolism of its components and postprandial events following bean hull bread rolls. Nine healthy participants (53·9 ± 16·7 years) were recruited for a randomised controlled crossover study attending two 3 days intervention sessions, involving the consumption of two bread rolls per day (control or bean hull rolls). Blood and faecal samples were collected before and after each session and analysed for systemic and microbial metabolites of bread roll components using targeted LC-MS/MS and GC analysis. Satiety, gut hormones, glucose, insulin and gastric emptying biomarkers were also measured. Two bean hull rolls provided over 85 % of the daily recommendation for dietary fibre; but despite being a rich source of plant metabolites (P = 0·04 v. control bread), these had poor systemic bioavailability. Consumption of bean hull rolls for 3 days significantly increased plasma concentration of indole-3-propionic acid (P = 0·009) and decreased faecal concentration of putrescine (P = 0·035) and deoxycholic acid (P = 0·046). However, it had no effect on postprandial plasma gut hormones, bacterial composition and faecal short chain fatty acids amount. Therefore, bean hulls require further processing to improve their bioactives systemic availability and fibre fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietta Sayegh
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Qian Qian Ni
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Viren Ranawana
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Vassilios Raikos
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Helen E. Hayes
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Gary Duncan
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Louise Cantlay
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | | | - Michael Solvang
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Graham W. Horgan
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
- BIOSS Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Petra Louis
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Wendy R. Russell
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Miriam Clegg
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health and Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, UK
| | - Frank Thies
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Madalina Neacsu
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, AberdeenAB25 2ZD, UK
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25
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Gupta SK, Vyavahare S, Duchesne Blanes IL, Berger F, Isales C, Fulzele S. Microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolism: Impacts on health, aging, and disease. Exp Gerontol 2023; 183:112319. [PMID: 37898179 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The intricate interplay between gut microbiota and the host is pivotal in maintaining homeostasis and health. Dietary tryptophan (TRP) metabolism initiates a cascade of essential endogenous metabolites, including kynurenine, kynurenic acid, serotonin, and melatonin, as well as microbiota-derived Trp metabolites like tryptamine, indole propionic acid (IPA), and other indole derivatives. Notably, tryptamine and IPA, among the indole metabolites, exert crucial roles in modulating immune, metabolic, and neuronal responses at both local and distant sites. Additionally, these metabolites demonstrate potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The levels of microbiota-derived TRP metabolites are intricately linked to the gut microbiota's health, which, in turn, can be influenced by age-related changes. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the cellular and molecular impacts of tryptamine and IPA on health and aging-related complications. Furthermore, we explore the levels of tryptamine and IPA and their corresponding bacteria in select diseased conditions, shedding light on their potential significance as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sagar Vyavahare
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ian L Duchesne Blanes
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ford Berger
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos Isales
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Centre for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Centre for Healthy Aging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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26
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Slouha E, Rezazadah A, Farahbod K, Gerts A, Clunes LA, Kollias TF. Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Gut Microbiota: Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49740. [PMID: 38161953 PMCID: PMC10757596 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a community situated in the gastrointestinal tract that consists of bacteria thriving and contributing to the functions of our body. It is heavily influenced by what individuals eat, as the quality, amount, and frequency of food consumed can favor and inhibit specific bacteria. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common but detrimental condition that arises from excessive hyperglycemia, leading to either insulin resistance or damage to the B-cells that produce insulin in the pancreas. A poor diet high in sugar and fats leads to hyperglycemia, and as this persists, it can lead to the development of T2DM. Both insulin resistance and damage to B-cells are greatly affected by the diet an individual consumes, but is there a more involved relationship between the gut microbiota and T2DM? This paper aimed to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota in patients with T2DM and the impacts of the changes in gut microbiota. Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria prevailed in patients with T2DM and healthy control, but their abundance varied greatly. There was also a significant decrease in bacteria like Lactobacilli spp.and F. prausnitizii associated with insulin resistance. High levels of BMI in patients with T2DM have also been associated with increased levels of A. muciniphilia, which has been associated with decreased fat metabolism and increased BMI. Metabolites such as butyrates and melatonin have also been identified as influencing the development and progression of T2DM. Testosterone levels have also been greatly influenced by the gut microbiota changes in T2DM, such that males with lower testosterone have a greater abundance of bacteria like Gemella, Lachnospiraceae, and Massiia. Identifying these changes and how they impact the body may lead to a treatment addressing insulin dysfunction and the changes that the altered gut microbiota leads to. Future research should address how treatment methods such as healthy diets, exercise, and anti-diabetics affect the gut microbiota and see if they influence sustained changes and reduced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Slouha
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Atbeen Rezazadah
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Kiana Farahbod
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Andrew Gerts
- Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George, GRD
| | - Lucy A Clunes
- Pharmacology, St. George's University, St. George's, GRD
| | - Theofanis F Kollias
- Microbiology, Immunology and Pharmacology, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
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27
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Chu Z, Hu Z, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Yang F, Luo F. Targeting gut-liver axis by dietary lignans ameliorate obesity: evidences and mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37870876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2272269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance between energy consumption and energy expenditure causes obesity. It is characterized by increased adipose accumulation and accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation. Many studies have suggested that the gut microbiota of the host mediates the relationship between high-fat diet consumption and the development of obesity. Diet and nutrition of the body are heavily influenced by gut microbiota. The alterations in the microbiota in the gut may have effects on the homeostasis of the host's energy levels, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The liver is an important organ for fat metabolism and gut-liver axis play important role in the fat metabolism. Gut-liver axis is a bidirectional relationship between the gut and its microbiota and the liver. As essential plant components, lignans have been shown to have different biological functions. Accumulating evidences have suggested that lignans may have lipid-lowering properties. Lignans can regulate the level of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in the host, thereby affecting signaling pathways related to fat synthesis and metabolism. These signaling pathways can make a difference in inhibiting fat accumulation, accelerating energy metabolism, affecting appetite, and inhibiting chronic inflammation. It will provide the groundwork for future studies on the lipid-lowering impact of lignans and the creation of functional meals based on those findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Chu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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28
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Ranhotra HS. Discrete interplay of gut microbiota L-tryptophan metabolites in host biology and disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04867-0. [PMID: 37861881 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota and the host maintain a conjoint relationship and together achieve optimal physiology via a multitude of interactive signalling cues. Dietary-derived L-tryptophan (L-trp) is enzymatically metabolized by the resident symbiotic gut microbiota to indole and various indole derivatives. Indole and indole metabolites secreted by the gut bacteria act locally in the intestinal cells as well as distally and modulate tissue-specific functions which are beneficial to the host. Functions attributed to these microbial indole metabolites in the host include regulation of intestinal permeability, immunity and mucosal roles, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, dysregulation of gut microbiota L-trp metabolism compromises the optimal availability of indole and indole metabolites and can induce the onset of metabolic disorders, inflammation, liver steatosis, and decrease gut barrier integrity. Gut dysbiosis is regarded as one of the prime reasons for this deregulated microbial-derived indole metabolites. A number of indole metabolites from the gut bacteria have been identified recently displaying variable affinity towards xenobiotic nuclear receptors. Microbial metabolite mimicry concept can be used to design and develop novel indole-moiety-containing compounds with higher affinity towards the receptors and efficacy in preclinical studies. Such compounds may serve as therapeutic drugs in clinical trials in the future. In this article, I review L-trp metabolism in the host and gut microbiota and the various physiological functions, patho-physiologies associated with the microbial-released indole metabolites in the host, including the metabolite mimicry-based concept to develop tailored indole-containing novel experimental drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmit S Ranhotra
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Edmund's College, Shillong, 793 003, India.
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29
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Yu Y, Hao H, Kong L, Zhang J, Bai F, Guo F, Wei P, Chen R, Hu W. A metabolomics-based analysis of the metabolic pathways associated with the regulation of branched-chain amino acids in rats fed a high-fructose diet. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230079. [PMID: 37522853 PMCID: PMC10503218 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the elevated levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with the development of insulin resistance and its complications, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some cancers. However, animal models that can mimic the metabolic state of chronically elevated BCAAs in humans are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the above animal model and analyse the metabolic changes associated with high BCAA levels. Sixteen 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups and given either a high fructose diet or a normal diet. BCAA levels as well as blood glucose and lipid levels were measured at different time points of feeding. The mRNA expression levels of two key enzymes of BCAA catabolism, ACAD (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase) and BCKDH (branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase), were measured by qPCR, and the protein expression levels of these two enzymes were analysed by immunohistochemistry. Finally, the metabolite expression differences between the two groups were analysed by Q300 metabolomics technology. Our study confirms that defects in the catabolic pathways of BCAAs lead to increased levels of circulating BCAAs, resulting in disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism characterized by insulin resistance by affecting metabolic pathways associated with amino acids and bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hairong Hao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linghui Kong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Gao J, Yang T, Song B, Ma X, Ma Y, Lin X, Wang H. Abnormal tryptophan catabolism in diabetes mellitus and its complications: Opportunities and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115395. [PMID: 37657259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM), including type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), has increased year by year and has become a major global health problem. DM can lead to serious complications of macrovascular and microvascular. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid for the human body. Trp is metabolized in the body through the indole pathway, kynurenine (Kyn) pathway and serotonin (5-HT) pathway, and is regulated by intestinal microorganisms to varying degrees. These three metabolic pathways have extensive regulatory effects on the immune, endocrine, neural, and energy metabolism systems of the body, and are related to the physiological and pathological processes of various diseases. The key enzymes and metabolites in the Trp metabolic pathway are also deeply involved in the pathogenesis of DM, playing an important role in pancreatic function, insulin resistance (IR), intestinal barrier, and angiogenesis. In DM and its complications, there is a disruption of Trp metabolic balance. Several therapy approaches for DM and complications have been proven to modify tryptophan metabolism. The metabolism of Trp is becoming a new area of focus for DM prevention and care. This paper reviews the impact of the three metabolic pathways of Trp on the pathogenesis of DM and the alterations in Trp metabolism in these diseases, expecting to provide entry points for the treatment of DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Gao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bohan Song
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yichen Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Hongwu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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31
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Yuan X, Yang J, Huang Y, Li J, Li Y. Gut Microbiota Metabolite 3-Indolepropionic Acid Directly Activates Hepatic Stellate Cells by ROS/JNK/p38 Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1464. [PMID: 37892146 PMCID: PMC10604901 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in studying the communication of gut microbial metabolites between the gut and the liver as liver fibrosis progresses. Although 3-Indolepropionic acid (IPA) is regarded as a clinically valuable gut metabolite for the treatment of certain chronic diseases, the effects of oral administration of IPA on hepatic fibrosis in different animal models have been conflicting. While some mechanisms have been proposed to explain these contradictory effects, the direct impact of IPA on hepatic fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we found that IPA could directly activate LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells in vitro. IPA upregulated the expression of fibrogenic marker genes and promoted the features associated with HSCs activation, including proliferation and contractility. IPA also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria and the expression of inflammation-related genes in LX-2 cells. However, when a ROS-blocking agent was used, these effects were reduced. p38 and JNK, the downstream signaling cascades of ROS, were found to be required for the activation of LX-2 induced by IPA. These findings suggest that IPA can directly activate hepatic stellate cells through ROS-induced JNK and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (J.Y.); (Y.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junting Yang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (J.Y.); (Y.H.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (J.Y.); (Y.H.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (J.Y.); (Y.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; (J.Y.); (Y.H.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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32
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Nordin E, Hellström PM, Vuong E, Ribbenstedt A, Brunius C, Landberg R. IBS randomized study: FODMAPs alter bile acids, phenolic- and tryptophan metabolites, while gluten modifies lipids. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R248-R259. [PMID: 37399002 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00016.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Diet is considered a culprit for symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), although the mechanistic understanding of underlying causes is lacking. Metabolomics, i.e., the analysis of metabolites in biological samples may offer a diet-responsive fingerprint for IBS. Our aim was to explore alterations in the plasma metabolome after interventions with fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) or gluten versus control in IBS, and to relate such alterations to symptoms. People with IBS (n = 110) were included in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study with 1-wk provocations of FODMAPs, gluten, or placebo. Symptoms were evaluated with the IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS). Untargeted metabolomics was performed on plasma samples using LC-qTOF-MS. Discovery of metabolite alterations by treatment was performed using random forest followed by linear mixed modeling. Associations were studied using Spearman correlation. The metabolome was affected by FODMAP [classification rate (CR) 0.88, P < 0.0001], but less by gluten intake CR 0.72, P = 0.01). FODMAP lowered bile acids, whereas phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) were higher compared with placebo. IPA and some unidentified metabolites correlated weakly to abdominal pain and quality of life. Gluten affected lipid metabolism weakly, but with no interpretable relationship to IBS. FODMAP affected gut microbial-derived metabolites relating to positive health outcomes. IPA and unknown metabolites correlated weakly to IBS severity. Minor symptom worsening by FODMAP intake must be weighed against general positive health aspects of FODMAP. The gluten intervention affected lipid metabolism weakly with no interpretable association to IBS severity. Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03653689.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) affected microbial-derived metabolites relating to positive health outcomes such as reduced risk of colon cancer, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes, as shown in previous studies. The minor IBS symptom induction by FODMAP intake must be weighed against the positive health aspects of FODMAP consumption. Gluten affected lipids weakly with no association to IBS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Nordin
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eddie Vuong
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anton Ribbenstedt
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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33
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Tang H, Zha Z, Tan Y, Li Y, Jiao Y, Yang B, Xiong Q, Yin H, Wang H. Extraction and characterization of polysaccharide from fermented mycelia of Coriolus versicolor and its efficacy for treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125951. [PMID: 37499724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Coriolus versicolor, a popular traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is widely used in China to treat spleen and liver diseases; however, the beneficial effects of C. versicolor polysaccharides (CVPs) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain elusive. Herein we isolated and purified a novel CVP (molecular weight, 17,478 Da) from fermented mycelium powder. This CVP was composed of mannose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, and fucose at a molar ratio of 22:1:8:15:10:3. Methylation, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated that the CVP backbone consisted of →1)-β-D-Man-(6,4→1)-α-D-Gal-(3→1)-α-D-Man-(4→1)-α-D-Gal-(6→, with branches of →1)-α-D-Glc-(6→1)-α-D-Man-(4,3→1)-β-D-Xyl-(2→1)-β-D-Glc on the O-6 position of →1)-β-D-Man-(6,4→ of the main chain. The secondary branches linked to the O-4 position of →1)-α-D-Man-(4,3→ with the chain of →1)-α-D-Fuc-(4→1)-α-D-Man. Further, CVP treatment alleviated the symptoms of NAFLD in an HFD-induced mice model. CVP altered gut microbiota, predominantly suppressing microbes associated with bile acids both in the serum and cecal contents. In vitro data showed that CVP reduced HFD-induced hyperlipidemia via farnesoid X receptor. Our results improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the cholesterol- and lipid-lowering effects of CVP and indicate that CVP is a promising candidate for NAFLD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Tang
- Department of Scientific Research Office, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengqi Zha
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Scientific Research Office, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhi Jiao
- Department of Scientific Research Office, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Baowei Yang
- Department of Scientific Research Office, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongping Yin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Herbert C, Luies L, Loots DT, Williams AA. The metabolic consequences of HIV/TB co-infection. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:536. [PMID: 37592227 PMCID: PMC10436461 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synergy between the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis during co-infection of a host is well known. While this synergy is known to be driven by immunological deterioration, the metabolic mechanisms that contribute to the associated disease burden experienced during HIV/tuberculosis (TB) co-infection remain poorly understood. Furthermore, while anti-HIV treatments suppress viral replication, these therapeutics give rise to host metabolic disruption and adaptations beyond that induced by only infection or disease. METHODS In this study, the serum metabolic profiles of healthy controls, untreated HIV-negative TB-positive patients, untreated HIV/TB co-infected patients, and HIV/TB co-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), were measured using two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Since no global metabolic profile for HIV/TB co-infection and the effect of ART has been published to date, this pilot study aimed to elucidate the general areas of metabolism affected during such conditions. RESULTS HIV/TB co-infection induced significant changes to the host's lipid and protein metabolism, with additional microbial product translocation from the gut to the blood. The results suggest that HIV augments TB synergistically, at least in part, contributing to increased inflammation, oxidative stress, ART-induced mitochondrial damage, and its detrimental effects on gut health, which in turn, affects energy availability. ART reverses these trends to some extent in HIV/TB co-infected patients but not to that of healthy controls. CONCLUSION This study generated several new hypotheses that could direct future metabolic studies, which could be combined with other research techniques or methodologies to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandré Herbert
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Laneke Luies
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Du Toit Loots
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Ismael S, Rodrigues C, Santos GM, Castela I, Barreiros-Mota I, Almeida MJ, Calhau C, Faria A, Araújo JR. IPA and its precursors differently modulate the proliferation, differentiation, and integrity of intestinal epithelial cells. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:616-630. [PMID: 37529264 PMCID: PMC10375328 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.4.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is a tryptophan-derived microbial metabolite that has been associated with protective effects against inflammatory and metabolic diseases. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the effects of IPA under physiological conditions and at the intestinal level. MATERIALS/METHODS Human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells were treated for 2, 24, and/or 72 h with IPA or its precursors - indole, tryptophan, and propionate - at 1, 10, 100, 250, or 500 μM to assess cell viability, integrity, differentiation, and proliferation. RESULTS IPA induced cell proliferation and this effect was associated with a higher expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) and a lower expression of c-Jun. Although indole and propionate also induced cell proliferation, this involved ERK2 and c-Jun independent mechanisms. On the other hand, both tryptophan and propionate increased cell integrity and reduced the expression of claudin-1, whereas propionate decreased cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings suggested that IPA and its precursors distinctly contribute to the proliferation, differentiation, and barrier function properties of human intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, the pro-proliferative effect of IPA in intestinal epithelial cells was not explained by its precursors and is rather related to its whole chemical structure. Maintaining IPA at physiological levels, e.g., through IPA-producing commensal bacteria, may be important to preserve the integrity of the intestinal barrier and play an integral role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shámila Ismael
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Maia Santos
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Castela
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Barreiros-Mota
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Almeida
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade Universitária Lifestyle Medicine José de Mello Saúde by NOVA Medical School, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Faria
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Ricardo Araújo
- Nutrição e Metabolismo, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- CINTESIS, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS - FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
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Kim S, Li H, Jin Y, Armad J, Gu H, Mani S, Cui JY. Maternal PBDE exposure disrupts gut microbiome and promotes hepatic proinflammatory signaling in humanized PXR-transgenic mouse offspring over time. Toxicol Sci 2023; 194:209-225. [PMID: 37267213 PMCID: PMC10375318 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental exposure to the persistent environmental pollutant, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), is associated with increased diabetes prevalence. The microbial tryptophan metabolite, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and lower-grade inflammation and is a pregnane X receptor (PXR) activator. To explore the role of IPA in modifying the PBDE developmental toxicity, we orally exposed humanized PXR-transgenic (hPXR-TG) mouse dams to vehicle, 0.1 mg/kg/day DE-71 (an industrial PBDE mixture), DE-71+IPA (20 mg/kg/day), or IPA, from 4 weeks preconception to the end of lactation. Pups were weaned at 21 days of age and IPA supplementation continued in the corresponding treatment groups. Tissues were collected at various ages until 6 months of age (n = 5 per group). In general, the effect of maternal DE-71 exposure on the gut microbiome of pups was amplified over time. The regulation of hepatic cytokines and prototypical xenobiotic-sensing transcription factor target genes by DE-71 and IPA was age- and sex-dependent, where DE-71-mediated mRNA increased selected cytokines (Il10, Il12p40, Il1β [both sexes], and [males]). The hepatic mRNA of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target gene Cyp1a2 was increased by maternal DE-71 and DE-71+IPA exposure at postnatal day 21 but intestinal Cyp1a1 was not altered by any of the exposures and ages. Maternal DE-71 exposure persistently increased serum indole, a known AhR ligand, in age- and sex-dependent manner. In conclusion, maternal DE-71 exposure produced a proinflammatory signature along the gut-liver axis, including gut dysbiosis, dysregulated tryptophan microbial metabolism, attenuated PXR signaling, and elevated AhR signaling in postweaned hPXR-TG pups over time, which was partially corrected by IPA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology, and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, Florida 34987-2352, USA
| | - Jasmine Armad
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, Florida 34987-2352, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology, and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Julia Y Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
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37
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Masse KE, Lu VB. Short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids and indoles: gut microbial metabolites with effects on enteroendocrine cell function and their potential as therapies for metabolic disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1169624. [PMID: 37560311 PMCID: PMC10407565 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1169624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract hosts the largest ecosystem of microorganisms in the body. The metabolism of ingested nutrients by gut bacteria produces novel chemical mediators that can influence chemosensory cells lining the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, hormone-releasing enteroendocrine cells which express a host of receptors activated by these bacterial metabolites. This review will focus on the activation mechanisms of glucagon-like peptide-1 releasing enteroendocrine cells by the three main bacterial metabolites produced in the gut: short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids and indoles. Given the importance of enteroendocrine cells in regulating glucose homeostasis and food intake, we will also discuss therapies based on these bacterial metabolites used in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Elucidating the mechanisms gut bacteria can influence cellular function in the host will advance our understanding of this fundamental symbiotic relationship and unlock the potential of harnessing these pathways to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Van B. Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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38
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Nordin E, Hellström PM, Dicksved J, Pelve E, Landberg R, Brunius C. Effects of FODMAPs and Gluten on Gut Microbiota and Their Association with the Metabolome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Cross-Over Intervention Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3045. [PMID: 37447371 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A mechanistic understanding of the effects of dietary treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is lacking. Our aim was therefore to investigate how fermentable oligo- di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) and gluten affected gut microbiota and circulating metabolite profiles, as well as to investigate potential links between gut microbiota, metabolites, and IBS symptoms. METHODS We used data from a double-blind, randomized, crossover study with week-long provocations of FODMAPs, gluten, and placebo in participants with IBS. To study the effects of the provocations on fecal microbiota, fecal and plasma short-chain fatty acids, the untargeted plasma metabolome, and IBS symptoms, we used Random Forest, linear mixed model and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS FODMAPs increased fecal saccharolytic bacteria, plasma phenolic-derived metabolites, 3-indolepropionate, and decreased isobutyrate and bile acids. Gluten decreased fecal isovalerate and altered carnitine derivatives, CoA, and fatty acids in plasma. For FODMAPs, modest correlations were observed between microbiota and phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionate, previously associated with improved metabolic health, and reduced inflammation. Correlations between molecular data and IBS symptoms were weak. CONCLUSIONS FODMAPs, but not gluten, altered microbiota composition and correlated with phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionate, with only weak associations with IBS symptoms. Thus, the minor effect of FODMAPs on IBS symptoms must be weighed against the effect on microbiota and metabolites related to positive health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Nordin
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Pelve
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Liu J, Liu J, Zhang J, Liu C, Qu C, Na L. Vitamin D deficiency in early life regulates gut microbiome composition and leads to impaired glucose tolerance in adult and offspring rats. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37285306 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D has been found to be involved in glucose metabolism in recent years. Its deficiency is very common, especially in children. Whether vitamin D deficiency in early life affects adult diabetes risk is unknown. In this study, a rat model of early life vitamin D deficiency (F1 Early-VDD) was established by depriving it of vitamin D from the 0 to the 8th week. Further, some rats were switched to normal feeding conditions and sacrificed at the 18th week. Other rats were mated randomly to generate offspring rats (F2 Early-VDD), and F2 rats were fed under normal conditions and sacrificed at the 8th week. Serum 25(OH)D3 level decreased in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week and returned to normal at the 18th week. Serum 25(OH)D3 level in F2 Early-VDD at the 8th week was also lower than that in control rats. Impaired glucose tolerance was observed in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week and 18th week and also in F2 Early-VDD at the 8th week. The gut microbiota composition in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week significantly changed. Among the top ten genera with a rich difference, Desulfovibrio, Roseburia, Ruminiclostridium, Lachnoclostridium, A2, GCA-900066575, Peptococcus, Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_ group, and Bilophila increased owing to vitamin D deficiency, whereas Blautia decreased. There were 108 significantly changed metabolites in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week, of which 63 were enriched in known metabolic pathways. Correlations between gut microbiota and metabolites were analyzed. Blautia was positively related to 2-picolinic acid, whereas Bilophila was negatively related to indoleacetic acid. Moreover, some of the changes in microbiota, metabolites, and enriched metabolic pathways still existed in F1 Early-VDD rats at the 18th week and F2 Early-VDD rats at the 8th week. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency in early life leads to impaired glucose tolerance in adult and offspring rats. This effect may be partly achieved by regulating gut microbiota and their co-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunbo Qu
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lixin Na
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Frankowski R, Kobierecki M, Wittczak A, Różycka-Kosmalska M, Pietras T, Sipowicz K, Kosmalski M. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and Metabolic Repercussions: The Vicious Cycle and Its Interplay with Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119677. [PMID: 37298632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic-related disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), has been increasing. Therefore, developing improved methods for the prevention, treatment, and detection of these two conditions is also necessary. In this study, our primary focus was on examining the role of chronic inflammation as a potential link in the pathogenesis of these diseases and their interconnections. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database using keywords such as "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "type 2 diabetes mellitus", "chronic inflammation", "pathogenesis", and "progression" yielded 177 relevant papers for our analysis. The findings of our study revealed intricate relationships between the pathogenesis of NAFLD and DM2, emphasizing the crucial role of inflammatory processes. These connections involve various molecular functions, including altered signaling pathways, patterns of gene methylation, the expression of related peptides, and up- and downregulation of several genes. Our study is a foundational platform for future research into the intricate relationship between NAFLD and DM2, allowing for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the potential for introducing new treatment standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Frankowski
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kobierecki
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wittczak
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kasper Sipowicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Disability Studies, The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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Ismael S, Vaz C, Durão C, Silvestre MP, Calhau C, Teixeira D, Marques C. The impact of Hafnia alvei HA4597™ on weight loss and glycaemic control after bariatric surgery - study protocol for a triple-blinded, blocked randomized, 12-month, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Trials 2023; 24:362. [PMID: 37248499 PMCID: PMC10226263 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjects with obesity exhibit changes in gut microbiota composition and function (i.e. dysbiosis) that contribute to metabolic dysfunction, including appetite impairment. Although bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity with a great impact on weight loss, some subjects show weight regain due to increased energy intake after the surgery. This surgery involves gut microbiota changes that promote appetite control, but it seems insufficient to completely restore the obesity-associated dysbiosis - a possible contributor for weight regain. Thus, modulating gut microbiota with probiotics that could improve appetite regulation as a complementary approach to post-operative diet (i.e. Hafnia alvei HA4597™), may accentuate post-surgery weight loss and insulin sensitivity. METHODS This is a protocol of a triple-blinded, blocked-randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to determine the effect of Hafnia alvei HA4597™ supplementation on weight loss and glycaemic control 1 year after bariatric surgery. Patients of Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon, that undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are invited to participate in this study. Men and women between 18 and 65 years old, with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 and at least one severe obesity-related comorbidity, or with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2, and who are willing to take 2 capsules of Hafnia alvei HA4597™ probiotic supplements (equivalent to 5 × 107 CFU) vs. placebo per day for 90 days are included in this study. Assessments are carried out at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the surgery. Loss of weight in excess and glycated haemoglobin are considered primary outcomes. In addition, changes in other metabolic and inflammatory outcomes, gut microbiota composition and metabolites, as well as gastrointestinal quality of life are also being assessed during the trial. DISCUSSION The evidence obtained in this study will provide relevant information regarding the profile of the intestinal microbiota of individuals with severe obesity and the identification of the risk/benefit ratio of the use of Hafnia alvei HA4597™ as an adjunctive treatment in the maintenance of metabolic and weight control one year after the surgical intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05170867. Registered on 28 December 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shámila Ismael
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Nutition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vaz
- Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Durão
- Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Hospital CUF Tejo, Lisbon, Portugal
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta P Silvestre
- Nutition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Unidade Universitária Lifestyle Medicine José de Mello Saúde By NOVA Medical School, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diana Teixeira
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Nutition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Marques
- Nutition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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42
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Kim CS, Jung S, Hwang GS, Shin DM. Gut microbiota indole-3-propionic acid mediates neuroprotective effect of probiotic consumption in healthy elderly: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial and in vitro study. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1025-1033. [PMID: 37150125 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The beneficial effects of probiotic consumption on age-related decline in cerebral function have been previously reported in the literature; however, the mechanistic link between gut and brain interactions has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in gut-brain interactions via blood metabolomic profiling analysis in clinical trials and in vitro mechanistic studies. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted in 63 healthy elderly individuals (≥65 years of age). Participants were administered either placebo (placebo group, N = 31) or probiotic capsules (Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI; probiotics group, N = 32) for 12 weeks. Global and targeted metabolomic profiling analyses of their blood samples were then performed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods, both at baseline and at the end of the trial. Gut microbial analysis was conducted using the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing method. Subsequently, microglial BV2 cells were treated in vitro with indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) following lipopolysaccharide stimulation, and neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were treated with conditioned media from the BV2 cells. Finally, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV2 cells and neurotrophins in SH-SY5Y cells were quantified using a real-time polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The metabolomic profiling analyses showed that probiotic consumption significantly altered the levels of metabolites involved in tryptophan metabolism (P < 0.01). Among these metabolites, gut microbiota-produced IPA had a 1.91-fold increase in the probiotics group (P < 0.05) and showed a significant relation to gut bacterial profiles (P < 0.01). Elevated IPA levels were also positively associated with the level of serum brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in the probiotics group (r = 0.28, P < 0.05), showing an inverse trend compared to the placebo group. In addition, in vitro treatment with IPA (5 μM) significantly reduced the concentration of proinflammatory TNF-α in activated microglia (P < 0.05), and neuronal cells cultured with conditioned media from IPA-treated microglia showed a significant increase in BDNF and nerve growth factor production (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results show that gut microbiota-produced IPA plays a role in protecting the microglia from inflammation, thus promoting neuronal function. Therefore, this suggests that IPA is a significant mediator linking the interaction between the gut and the brain in the elderly with probiotic supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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43
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Dong R, Denier-Fields DN, Van Hulle CA, Kollmorgen G, Suridjan I, Wild N, Lu Q, Anderson RM, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Carlsson CM, Johnson SC, Engelman CD. Identification of plasma metabolites associated with modifiable risk factors and endophenotypes reflecting Alzheimer's disease pathology. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:559-571. [PMID: 36964431 PMCID: PMC11070200 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-00988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Modifiable factors can influence the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and serve as targets for intervention; however, the biological mechanisms linking these factors to AD are unknown. This study aims to identify plasma metabolites associated with modifiable factors for AD, including MIND diet, physical activity, smoking, and caffeine intake, and test their association with AD endophenotypes to identify their potential roles in pathophysiological mechanisms. The association between each of the 757 plasma metabolites and four modifiable factors was tested in the wisconsin registry for Alzheimer's prevention cohort of initially cognitively unimpaired, asymptomatic middle-aged adults. After Bonferroni correction, the significant plasma metabolites were tested for association with each of the AD endophenotypes, including twelve cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, reflecting key pathophysiologies for AD, and four cognitive composite scores. Finally, causal mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate possible mediation effects. Analyses were performed using linear mixed-effects regression. A total of 27, 3, 23, and 24 metabolites were associated with MIND diet, physical activity, smoking, and caffeine intake, respectively. Potential mediation effects include beta-cryptoxanthin in the association between MIND diet and preclinical Alzheimer cognitive composite score, hippurate between MIND diet and immediate learning, glutamate between physical activity and CSF neurofilament light, and beta-cryptoxanthin between smoking and immediate learning. Our study identified several plasma metabolites that are associated with modifiable factors. These metabolites can be employed as biomarkers for tracking these factors, and they provide a potential biological pathway of how modifiable factors influence the human body and AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruocheng Dong
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Diandra N Denier-Fields
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Carol A Van Hulle
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | | | | | - Norbert Wild
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, 82377, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, S-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1H 0AL, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, S-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53719, USA
| | - Corinne D Engelman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53719, USA.
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Anderson GM. Determination of Indolepropionic Acid and Related Indoles in Plasma, Plasma Ultrafiltrate, and Saliva. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050602. [PMID: 37233643 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbial metabolite indolepropionic acid (IPA) and related indolic metabolites, including indolecarboxylic acid (ICA), indolelactic acid (ILA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA), indoxylsulfate (ISO4), and indole, were determined in human plasma, plasma ultrafiltrate (UF), and saliva. The compounds were separated on a 150 × 3 mm column of 3 μm Hypersil C18 eluted with a mobile phase of 80% pH 5 0.01 M sodium acetate containing 1.0 g/L of tert-butylammonium chloride/20% acetonitrile and then detected fluorometrically. Levels of IPA in human plasma UF and of ILA in saliva are reported for the first time. The determination of IPA in plasma UF enables the first report of free plasma IPA, the presumed physiologically active pool of this important microbial metabolite of tryptophan. Plasma and salivary ICA and IBA were not detected, consistent with the absence of any prior reported values. Observed levels or limits of detection for other indolic metabolites usefully supplement limited prior reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Anderson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Rd., New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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45
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Chen X, de Vos P. Structure-function relationship and impact on the gut-immune barrier function of non-digestible carbohydrates and human milk oligosaccharides applicable for infant formula. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37035930 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2199072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs) in mothers' milk play a crucial role in guiding the colonization of microbiota and gut-immune barrier development in infants. Non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) such as synthetic single hMOs, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), inulin-type fructans and pectin oligomers have been added to infant formula to substitute some hMOs' functions. HMOs and NDCs can modulate the gut-immune barrier, which is a multiple-layered functional unit consisting of microbiota, a mucus layer, gut epithelium, and the immune system. There is increasing evidence that the structures of the complex polysaccharides may influence their efficacy in modulating the gut-immune barrier. This review focuses on the role of different structures of individual hMOs and commonly applied NDCs in infant formulas in (i) direct regulation of the gut-immune barrier in a microbiota-independent manner and in (ii) modulation of microbiota composition and microbial metabolites of these polysaccharides in a microbiota-dependent manner. Both have been shown to be essential for guiding the development of an adequate immune barrier, but the effects are very dependent on the structural features of hMO or NDC. This knowledge might lead to tailored infant formulas for specific target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Chen
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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46
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Noerman S, Landberg R. Blood metabolite profiles linking dietary patterns with health-Toward precision nutrition. J Intern Med 2023; 293:408-432. [PMID: 36484466 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diet is one of the most important exposures that may affect health throughout life span. Investigations on dietary patterns rather than single food components are gaining in popularity because they take the complexity of the whole dietary context into account. Adherence to such dietary patterns can be measured by using metabolomics, which allows measurements of thousands of molecules simultaneously. Derived metabolite signatures of dietary patterns may reflect the consumption of specific groups of foods or their constituents originating from the dietary pattern per se, or the physiological response toward the food-derived metabolites, their interaction with endogenous metabolism, and exogenous factors such as gut microbiota. Here, we review and discuss blood metabolite fingerprints of healthy dietary patterns. The plasma concentration of several food-derived metabolites-such as betaines from whole grains and n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and furan fatty acids from fish-seems to consistently reflect the intake of common foods of several healthy dietary patterns. The metabolites reflecting shared features of different healthy food indices form biomarker panels for which specific, targeted assays could be developed. The specificity of such biomarker panels would need to be validated, and proof-of-concept feeding trials are needed to evaluate to what extent the panels may mediate the effects of dietary patterns on disease risk indicators or if they are merely food intake biomarkers. Metabolites mediating health effects may represent novel targets for precision prevention strategies of clinical relevance to be verified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Noerman
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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47
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Yan T, Liu T, Shi L, Yan L, Li Z, Zhang X, Dai X, Sun X, Yang X. Integration of microbial metabolomics and microbiomics uncovers a novel mechanism underlying the antidiabetic property of stachyose. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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48
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Safari-Alighiarloo N, Emami Z, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Alaei-Shahmiri F, Razavi S. Gut Microbiota and Their Associated Metabolites in Diabetes: A Cross Talk Between Host and Microbes-A Review. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:3-15. [PMID: 36301254 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota's composition and function is important in developing insulin resistance and diabetes. Diabetes has also been linked to changes in the circulating and fecal metabolites. Evidence suggests the associations between the gut microbiota and the aberrant diabetes-related metabolome. Metabolites play a crucial role in the host-microbiota interactions. Researchers have used a combination of metagenomic and metabolomic approaches to investigate the relationships between gut microbial dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities in diabetes. We summarized current discoveries on the associations between the gut microbiota and metabolites in type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus in the scoping review. According to research, the gut microbiota changes might involve in the development of diabetes through modulating the host's metabolic pathways such as immunity, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. These results add to our understanding of the interplay between the host and gut microbiota metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Safari-Alighiarloo
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Emami
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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49
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Yang J, Lee R, Schulz Z, Hsu A, Pai J, Yang S, Henning SM, Huang J, Jacobs JP, Heber D, Li Z. Mixed Nuts as Healthy Snacks: Effect on Tryptophan Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:569. [PMID: 36771274 PMCID: PMC9921623 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that the consumption of mixed tree nuts (MTNs) during caloric restriction decreased cardiovascular risk factors and increased satiety. Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism has been indicated as a factor in cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the effect of MTNs on Trp metabolism and the link to cardiovascular risk markers. Plasma and stool were collected from 95 overweight individuals who consumed either MTNs (or pretzels) daily as part of a hypocaloric weight loss diet for 12 weeks followed by an isocaloric weight maintenance program for an additional 12 weeks. Plasma and fecal samples were evaluated for Trp metabolites by LC-MS and for gut microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing. Trp-kynurenine metabolism was reduced only in the MTNs group during weight loss (baseline vs. week 12). Changes in Trp-serotonin (week 24) and Trp-indole (week 12) metabolism from baseline were increased in the MTNs group compared to the pretzel group. Intergroup analysis between MTN and pretzel groups does not identify significant microbial changes as indicated by alpha diversity and beta diversity. Changes in the relative abundance of genus Paludicola during intervention are statistically different between the MTNs and pretzel group with p < 0.001 (q = 0.07). Our findings suggest that consumption of MTNs affects Trp host and microbial metabolism in overweight and obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rupo Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zachary Schulz
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Albert Hsu
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Pai
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Scarlet Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Susanne M. Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Jacobs
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - David Heber
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
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50
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Distinct subsets of neutrophils crosstalk with cytokines and metabolites in patients with sepsis. iScience 2023; 26:105948. [PMID: 36756375 PMCID: PMC9900520 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite continued efforts to understand the pathophysiology of sepsis, no effective therapies are currently available. While singular components of the aberrant immune response have been investigated, comprehensive studies linking different data layers are lacking. Using an integrated systems immunology approach, we evaluated neutrophil phenotypes and concomitant changes in cytokines and metabolites in patients with sepsis. Our findings identify differentially expressed mature and immature neutrophil subsets in patients with sepsis. These subsets correlate with various proteins, metabolites, and lipids, including pentraxin-3, angiopoietin-2, and lysophosphatidylcholines, in patients with sepsis. These results enabled the construction of a statistical model based on weighted multi-omics linear regression analysis for sepsis biomarker identification. These findings could help inform early patient stratification and treatment options, and facilitate further mechanistic studies targeting the trifecta of surface marker expression, cytokines, and metabolites.
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