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Al-Omari H, Aljawarneh Y, Alshoufi M. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Resilience of University Students in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:878-885. [PMID: 38031420 DOI: 10.1177/10783903231212904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of the novel Coronavirus pandemic resulted in a sudden change to the daily activities of individuals, including the academic institutions. University-level students are vulnerable to psychological health issues when faced with a large-scale crisis such as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic; they need resilience to help them successfully manage and cope with changes. AIM The aim of this study was to examine the resilience and associated predictors among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design to examine the levels of resilience and associated predictors of university students. No sampling criterion was set up and all active students from all programs were eligible to participate. A convenience sampling technique was employed for its practical feasibility and efficiency. The data were collected between February 2021 and May 2021. RESULTS A total of 2,085 students completed the study questionnaires. The mean score of total resilience among the students was 65.01 (±14.697), while the mean score for personal resilience and caregiver resilience was 38.08 (±8.675) and 26.92 (±6.694), respectively. Comparing total resilience, personal resilience, and caregiver resilience with students' Cumulative Grade Point Average level revealed a significant difference. The predictors of resilience include academic level and number of courses the students enrolled in. CONCLUSION Academic institutions need to support the establishment of resilience training programs to prepare students for any challenging time, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Al-Omari
- Hasan Al-Omari, RN, MSN, ARNP, PhD, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Yousef Aljawarneh
- Yousef Aljawarneh, RN, MSN, PhD, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Alshoufi
- Maha Alshoufi, RN, MSN, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Wang L, Yu J, Diao X, Zhang Y, Miao Y, He W. The chain mediating effects of resilience and perceived social support in the relationship between perceived stress and depression in patients with COVID-19. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1400267. [PMID: 39268377 PMCID: PMC11390499 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1400267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Perceived stress and depression were indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in square-cabin hospitals. It was paramount to understand their mediating effects, which might detonate factors that led to mental illness. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate perceived stress and depressive symptoms among patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai square-cabin hospitals from April 18 to May 19, 2022. The questionnaire included the Perceived Stress Scale 10, Patient Health Questionnaire 9, Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10. Results This study investigated the chain-mediating roles of perceived social support and resilience in the relationship between perceived stress and depression. Perceived stress positively predicted depression (r = 0.613, p < 0.01), negatively correlated with perceived social support (r = -0.318, p < 0.01) and resilience (r = -0.398, p < 0.01). In the chain mediating model, perceived stress had significant direct predictive effects on depression, and significant indirect predictive effects on depression through perceived social support and/or resilience. Conclusion It showed that higher perceived social support and resilience were associated with lower perceived stress among COVID-19 patients, which might lead to symptoms of mild depression, and highlights the importance of resilience and perceived social support in reducing depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Radiology, 986 Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuqian Diao
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanbei Zhang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Miao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
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Notebaert L, Harris R, MacLeod C, Crane M, Bucks RS. The role of acute stress recovery in emotional resilience. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17911. [PMID: 39221278 PMCID: PMC11366226 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Resilience refers to the process of demonstrating better outcomes than would be expected based on the adversity one experienced. Resilience is increasingly measured using a residual approach, which typically assesses adversity and mental health outcomes over a longitudinal timeframe. It remains unknown to what extent such a residual-based measurement of resilience is sensitive to variation in acute stress resilience, a candidate resilience factor. Methods Fifty-seven emerging adults enrolled in tertiary education completed measures of adversity and emotional experiences. To assess stress recovery, participants were exposed to a lab-based adverse event from which a Laboratory Stress Resilience Index was derived. Results We derived a residual-based measure of emotional resilience from regressing emotional experience scores onto adversity scores. This residual-based measure of emotional resilience predicted variance in the Laboratory Stress Resilience Index over and above that predicted by both a traditional resilience measure and the emotional experiences measure. These findings suggest that acute stress resilience may be a factor underpinning variation in emotional resilience, and that the residual-based approach to measuring resilience is sensitive to such variation in stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies Notebaert
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roger Harris
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Colin MacLeod
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Monique Crane
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Romola S. Bucks
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Hettwer MD, Dorfschmidt L, Puhlmann LMC, Jacob LM, Paquola C, Bethlehem RAI, Bullmore ET, Eickhoff SB, Valk SL. Longitudinal variation in resilient psychosocial functioning is associated with ongoing cortical myelination and functional reorganization during adolescence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6283. [PMID: 39075054 PMCID: PMC11286871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of dynamic brain remodeling and susceptibility to psychiatric risk factors, mediated by the protracted consolidation of association cortices. Here, we investigated whether longitudinal variation in adolescents' resilience to psychosocial stressors during this vulnerable period is associated with ongoing myeloarchitectural maturation and consolidation of functional networks. We used repeated myelin-sensitive Magnetic Transfer (MT) and resting-state functional neuroimaging (n = 141), and captured adversity exposure by adverse life events, dysfunctional family settings, and socio-economic status at two timepoints, one to two years apart. Development toward more resilient psychosocial functioning was associated with increasing myelination in the anterolateral prefrontal cortex, which showed stabilized functional connectivity. Studying depth-specific intracortical MT profiles and the cortex-wide synchronization of myeloarchitectural maturation, we further observed wide-spread myeloarchitectural reconfiguration of association cortices paralleled by attenuated functional reorganization with increasingly resilient outcomes. Together, resilient/susceptible psychosocial functioning showed considerable intra-individual change associated with multi-modal cortical refinement processes at the local and system-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike D Hettwer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lena Dorfschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lara M C Puhlmann
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Linda M Jacob
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Casey Paquola
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | | | | | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sofie L Valk
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
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Dauvermann MR, Moreno-Lopéz L, Vai B, González-García N, Orellana S, Jones PB, Bullmore E, Goodyer IM, van Harmelen AL. Early adolescent perceived friendship quality aids affective and neural responses to social inclusion and exclusion in young adults with and without adverse childhood experiences. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae044. [PMID: 38902943 PMCID: PMC11219303 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Friendships increase mental wellbeing and resilient functioning in young people with childhood adversity (CA). However, the mechanisms of this relationship are unknown. We examined the relationship between perceived friendship quality at age 14 after the experience of CA and reduced affective and neural responses to social exclusion at age 24. Resilient functioning was quantified as psychosocial functioning relative to the degree of CA severity in 310 participants at age 24. From this cohort, 62 young people with and without CA underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to assess brain responses to social inclusion and exclusion. We observed that good friendship quality was significantly associated with better resilient functioning. Both friendship quality and resilient functioning were related to increased affective responses to social inclusion. We also found that friendship quality, but not resilient functioning, was associated with increased dorsomedial prefrontal cortex responses to peer exclusion. Our findings suggest that friendship quality in early adolescence may contribute to the evaluation of social inclusion by increasing affective sensitivity to positive social experiences and increased brain activity in regions involved in emotion regulation to negative social experiences. Future research is needed to clarify this relationship with resilient functioning in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Dauvermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Moreno-Lopéz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta Vai
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, 20127, Italy
| | - Nadia González-García
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Sofia Orellana
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Ed Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Department of Research and Development, Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB21 5EF, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Goodyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laura van Harmelen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, AK 2333, The Netherlands
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Cobert J, Jeon SY, Boscardin J, Chapman AC, Espejo E, Maley JH, Lee S, Smith AK. Resilience, Survival, and Functional Independence in Older Adults Facing Critical Illness. Chest 2024:S0012-3692(24)00700-1. [PMID: 38871280 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults surviving critical illness often experience new or worsening functional impairments. Modifiable positive psychological constructs such as resilience may mitigate post-intensive care morbidity. RESEARCH QUESTION Is pre-ICU resilience associated with: (1) post-ICU survival; (2) the drop in functional independence during the ICU stay; or (3) the trend in predicted independence before vs after the ICU stay? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study was performed by using Medicare-linked Health and Retirement Study surveys from 2006 to 2018. Older adults aged ≥ 65 years admitted to an ICU were included. Resilience was calculated prior to ICU admission. The resilience measure was defined from the Simplified Resilience Score, which was previously adapted and validated for the Health and Retirement Study. Resilience was scored by using the Leave-Behind survey normalized to a scale from 0 (lowest resilience) to 12 (highest resilience). Outcomes were survival and probability of functional independence. Survival was modeled by using Gompertz models and independence using joint survival models adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Average marginal effects were estimated to determine independence probabilities. RESULTS Across 3,409 patients aged ≥ 65 years old admitted to ICUs, preexisting frailty (30.5%) and cognitive impairment (24.3%) were common. Most patients were previously independent (82.7%). Mechanical ventilation occurred in 14.8% and sepsis in 43.2%. Those in the highest resilience group (vs lowest resilience) had a lower risk of post-ICU mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.94). Higher resilience was associated with greater likelihood of post-ICU functional independence (estimated probability of functional independence 5 years after ICU discharge in highest-to-lowest resilience groups (adjusted hazard ratio [95% CI]): 0.53 (0.33-0.74), 0.47 (0.26-0.68), 0.49 (0.28-0.70), and 0.36 (0.17-0.55); P < .01. Resilience was not associated with a difference in the drop in independence during the ICU stay or a difference in the pre-ICU vs post-ICU trend in predicted independence . INTERPRETATION ICU survivors with higher resilience had increased rates of survival and functional independence, although the slope of functional decline before vs after the ICU stay did not differ according to resilience group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cobert
- Anesthesia Service, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Sun Young Jeon
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - John Boscardin
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Allyson C Chapman
- Critical Care and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Edie Espejo
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jason H Maley
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sei Lee
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Alexander K Smith
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
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Lassri D, Gewirtz-Meydan A, Nolte T. Transdiagnostic factors in the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining the role of childhood abuse and neglect in establishing latent profiles of risk and resilience. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024:106808. [PMID: 38693009 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ample studies have focused on the negative consequences of COVID-19 on mental well-being, but fewer have explored the specific role of childhood abuse and neglect in the context of risk and resilience during this unprecedented crisis. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify distinct profiles of individuals based on their experiences of childhood abuse and neglect, coping strategies, and psycho-social transdiagnostic risk and protective factors, using a person-centered approach. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A convenience sample of 914 Israelis completed self-report questionnaires during the second wave of COVID-19. METHODS Latent Profile Analysis was employed based on levels of childhood abuse and neglect, coping strategies, and established factors underpinning risk and resilience in mental health: dissociation, self-criticism, self-efficacy, self-compassion, attachment insecurity, psychological resilience, mentalizing, distress disclosure, psychopathology, and relationship satisfaction. Profiles were compared in COVID-19-related distress and well-being using ANOVAs. RESULTS A four-profile solution was found to be optimal for describing individuals with different profiles of risk and resilience: "risk" (5.1 %)-individuals with meaningfully high levels of childhood abuse and neglect and dissociation; "vulnerable" (14.2 %)-individuals high in risk factors and low in protective factors; "moderately resilient" (47.6 %)-those with moderate levels of protective and risk factors; "highly resilient" (33.1 %)-individuals high in protective factors and low in risk factors; groups differed in mental well-being and COVID-19-related distress. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the importance of childhood abuse and neglect in differentiating between the two distinct profiles of at-risk individuals. Implications for risk assessment and treatment in the context of potential traumatic stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Lassri
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom.
| | - Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel. agewirtz-@univ.haifa.ac.il
| | - Tobias Nolte
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom; Anna Freud, United Kingdom.
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Bamps E, Achterhof R, Lafit G, Teixeira A, Akcaoglu Z, Hagemann N, Hermans KSFM, Hiekkaranta AP, Janssens JJ, Lecei A, Myin-Germeys I, Kirtley OJ. Changes in adolescents' daily-life solitary experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: an experience sampling study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1172. [PMID: 38671393 PMCID: PMC11046767 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent solitude was drastically impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As solitude is crucial for adolescent development through its association with both positive and negative developmental outcomes, it is critical to understand how adolescents' daily-life solitary experiences changed as a result of the pandemic. METHODS Using three waves of Experience Sampling Method data from a longitudinal study, we compared adolescents' daily-life solitary experiences in the early (nT1=100; MAge=16.1; SDAge=1.9; 93% girls) and mid-pandemic (nT2=204; MAge=16.5; SDAge=2.0; 79% girls) to their pre-pandemic experiences. RESULTS We found that adolescents with lower levels of pre-pandemic social support and social skills reported wanting to be alone less and feeling like an outsider more at both time points during the pandemic. In the mid-pandemic wave, adolescents with higher levels of pre-pandemic social support and social skills reported decreases in positive affect compared to the pre-pandemic wave. CONCLUSION This study shows that adolescents' daily-life solitary experiences worsened throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. There should be continued concern for the wellbeing of all adolescents, not only those already at risk, as effects of the pandemic on mental health might only manifest later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bamps
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Achterhof
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Mandeville Building Room T15-10, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, The Netherlands.
| | - Ginette Lafit
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Group on Quantitative Psychology and Inaffiliationidual Differences, Faculty of Psychology, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102- bus 3713, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Teixeira
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zeynep Akcaoglu
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Noëmi Hagemann
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Group Adapted Physical Activity and Psychomotor Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101- bus 1500, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karlijn S F M Hermans
- Strategy and Academic Affairs, Administration and Central Services, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, PO Box 9500, The Netherlands
| | - Anu P Hiekkaranta
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie J Janssens
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Lecei
- Center for Clinical Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivia J Kirtley
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49- bus 1029, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Child & Youth Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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van der Heide A, Dommershuijsen LJ, Puhlmann LMC, Kalisch R, Bloem BR, Speckens AEM, Helmich RC. Predictors of stress resilience in Parkinson's disease and associations with symptom progression. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:81. [PMID: 38605033 PMCID: PMC11009258 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
People with Parkinson's disease (PD) are sensitive to effects of long-term stress, but might differ in stress resilience, i.e. the ability to maintain mental health despite adversity. It is unclear whether stress resilience in PD is predominantly determined by dopamine deficiency, psychosocial factors, or both. In PD animal models, chronic stressors accelerate disease progression, but evidence in humans is lacking. Our objectives were to (1) distinguish stressor-reactive from resilient PD patients, (2) identify resilience factors, and (3) compare symptom progression between stressor-reactive and resilient patients. We conducted a longitudinal survey in Personalized Parkinson Project participants (N = 350 PD). We used the COVID-19 pandemic as a model of a stressor, aligned in time for the entire cohort. COVID-19-related stressors, perceived stress, and PD symptoms were assessed at 11 timepoints (April-October 2020). Both pre-COVID and in-COVID clinical assessments were available. We quantified stressor-reactivity as the residual between actual and predicted perceived stress relative to COVID-19-related stressors, and modeled trajectories of stressor-reactivity across timepoints. We explored pre-COVID predictors of 6-month average stressor-reactivity, and tested whether stressor-reactivity was prospectively associated with one-year clinical progression rates. Latent class trajectory models distinguished patients with high (N = 123) or low (N = 227) stressor-reactivity. Pre-existing anxiety, rumination and non-motor symptom severity predicted high stressor-reactivity (risk factors), whereas quality of life, social support, positive appraisal style and cognitive abilities predicted low stressor-reactivity (resilience factors). PD-specific factors, e.g. disease duration, motor severity, and levodopa use, did not predict stressor-reactivity. The COVID-19 pandemic did not accelerate disease progression, but worsened depressive symptoms in stressor-reactive PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk van der Heide
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Lisanne J Dommershuijsen
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lara M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne E M Speckens
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick C Helmich
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Deng J, Lee M, Qin C, Lee Y, You M, Liu J. Protective behaviors against COVID-19 and their association with psychological factors in China and South Korea during the Omicron wave: a comparative study. Public Health 2024; 229:116-125. [PMID: 38428248 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the level of protective behaviors against COVID-19 and its association with psychological factors in China and South Korea during the Omicron wave. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey from March 15 to 30, 2023 in China and South Korea. Demographic characteristics, health status, protective behaviors, and psychological factors (including perceived risks, efficacy belief, attribution of disease, fear of COVID-19, trust and evaluation, fatalism, resilience, and pandemic fatigue) were investigated. After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors, multivariable regression models were constructed to explore the psychological influencing factors of protective behavior. RESULTS A total of 3000 participants from China and 1000 participants from Korea were included in the final analysis. The mean performance score for protective behaviors among all respondents was 2.885 in China and 3.139 in Korea, with scores ranging from 1 to 4. In China, performance scores were higher in those who were female, aged 30-39, employed, married, living in urban areas, having the highest income level, having the best subjective health status, and having a history of chronic disease (P-value <0.05). In Korea, performance scores were higher for individuals who were female, over 50 years old, educated to high school or below, unemployed, married, had a history of chronic disease, and had never been infected with SARS-CoV-2 (P-value <0.05). In the multivariable regression model, perceived severity (β = 0.067), attribution of disease (β = 0.121), fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.128), trust and evaluation (β = 0.097), psychological resilience (β = 0.068), and efficacy belief (β = 0.216) were positively associated with the performance scores, pandemic fatigue (β = -0.089) was negatively associated with performance scores in China (P-value <0.05). However, in Korea, perceived susceptibility (β = 0.075), fear of COVID-19 (β = 0.107), and efficacy belief (β = 0.357) were positively associated with protective behaviors (P-value <0.05), trust and evaluation (β = -0.078) and pandemic fatigue (β = -0.063) were negatively associated with performance scores (P-value <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Populations in both China and Korea demonstrated great compliance with protective behaviors during the Omicron wave. Because of the sociocultural, economic, and political differences, there were differences in the association between psychological factors and protective behaviors in the two countries. This study, from the perspective of psychological factors in different cultural contexts, would provide references for increasing adherence to protective guidelines in future outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Deng
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - M Lee
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Qin
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M You
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Deenen JCW, Kools J, Greco A, Thewissen R, van de Put W, Lanser A, Joosten LAB, Verbeek ALM, van Engelen BGM, Voermans NC. Living with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy during the first two COVID-19 outbreaks: a repeated patient survey in the Netherlands. Acta Neurol Belg 2024; 124:559-566. [PMID: 38218752 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) suffer from slowly progressive muscle weakness. Approximately 20% of FSHD patients end up wheelchair-dependent. FSHD patients benefit from physical activity to maintain their muscle strength as much as possible. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of FSHD patients was unknown. OBJECTIVE This study assessed changes in daily care received, perceived psychosocial stress, and worsening of FSHD complaints in 2020. Furthermore, we compared COVID-19 infection incidence and severity of symptoms between FSHD patients and non-FSHD housemates. METHODS Three online survey rounds were sent out to all adult participants of the Dutch FSHD registry regarding daily care received, perceived psychosocial stress, COVID-19 infection rate, and COVID-19 symptoms severity. They also included COVID-19-related questions regarding the participants' housemates, which served as control group. RESULTS Participation rate was 210 (61%), 186 (54%), and 205 (59%) for survey 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Care reduction was reported by 42.7%, 40%, and 28.8% of the participants in the respective surveys. Perceived psychosocial stress increased in 44%, 30%, and 40% of the participants. Compared to the 197 non-FSHD housemates, the 213 FSHD patients reported more possibly COVID-19-related symptoms (27% vs. 39%, p = 0.017) of mostly minimal severity (63%). No difference in (possible) COVID-19 infection incidence rates was found (2.0% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.527). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted care received and increased perceived psychosocial stress in FSHD patients. However, COVID-19 infection incidence in FSHD patients was similar to their non-FSHD housemates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C W Deenen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Kools
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Greco
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Renée Thewissen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiecke van de Put
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Lanser
- Patient Representative and Chairman FSHD Advocacy Group, Patient Organization for Muscular Disease Spierziekten Nederland, Lt. Gen. van Heutszlaan 6, 3743 JN, Baarn, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babeș 8, 400347, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andre L M Verbeek
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicol C Voermans
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Bekesiene S, Smaliukienė R, Vaičaitienė R, Bagdžiūnienė D, Kanapeckaitė R, Kapustian O, Nakonechnyi O. Prioritizing competencies for soldier's mental resilience: an application of integrative fuzzy-trapezoidal decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory in updating training program. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1239481. [PMID: 38374929 PMCID: PMC10875136 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The development of resilience is of the utmost importance in military training due to the demanding and high-stress nature of combat situations. Although there have been numerous studies on resilience competencies in the military, there is a research gap when it comes to identifying the most essential competencies that should be prioritized in training programs, particularly within compressed timeframes. With the current geopolitical landscape and ongoing military conflicts in Europe, it is necessary to expedite training of soldiers, including resilience training, without compromising the effectiveness of the program. This study aims to address this research gap by using a reductionist approach to resilience training and identifying the critical competencies that senior soldiers need to be trained to coach younger soldiers to maintain psychological strength during deployment. By filling this research gap, the study will contribute to the development of more efficient and targeted resilience training programs that optimize the ability of soldiers to adapt and excel in challenging military environments. Methods To address the issue, this study assessed the competencies comprising the master resilience training (MRT) program, widely recognized as one of the most effective military resilience training programs. Two groups of military experts, totaling 16 individuals, were involved in the evaluation process, representing two military contexts. The first group consisted of Ukrainian military experts whose experiences primarily focused on defending their own country's territory. The second group comprised Lithuanian military experts who had greater expertise in conducting military missions abroad. The assessment of resilience competencies was carried out using a deep analysis approach through the application of effective multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). Specifically, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used, which is a significant multicriteria technique used to determine relationships among criteria and assign weight coefficients. In this study, the DEMATEL model was extended using trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (TrFN-DEMATEL) to accommodate decision-making under uncertainty conditions. Results The research findings highlight the critical importance of three core resilience competencies: self-regulation, mental agility and strength of character. The importance of each competency varies depending on the specific military context. When defending one's own country's territory, strength of character emerges as the key factor in enhancing soldiers' mental resilience. Conversely, during military operations abroad, self-regulation is the primary factor that promotes psychological resilience. Furthermore, the results show that these three primary competencies form a 'cause group' that influences other competencies through a cause-and-effect dependency. Conclusion Based on the findings, the theoretical conclusion is drawn that the importance of resilience competencies is contextually differentiated. Furthermore, each resilience competency is associated with a set of causes or effects. These are valuable insights for improving resilience competency training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svajone Bekesiene
- General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Smaliukienė
- General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramutė Vaičaitienė
- General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Bagdžiūnienė
- General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Kampe L, Hörz-Sagstetter S, Bohn J, Remmers C. How personality functioning relates to psychological distress and behavioral attitudes during the Covid-19 pandemic. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-023-01722-7. [PMID: 38183464 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Functional aspects of personality are crucial for experiencing and handling emotional distress. With the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus and the subsequent installation of mitigation rules of social distancing, severe psycho-social challenges were posed upon people. Research has shown that individuals react differently to these challenges. This study aimed to investigate the role of dimensional aspects of personality during the Covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, we examined how personality functioning, defense mechanisms, and narcissism were related to psychological distress and cognitive and behavioral attitudes towards the rules of social distancing. In a non-clinical sample (N = 254), Level of Personality Functioning Scale, Inventory of Personality Organization, Defense Style Questionnaire, Pathological Narcissism Inventory, and three single questions regarding emotional distress and behavioral attitudes towards the pandemic were used. Structural equation models with reference and residual factors were calculated. Impairments in personality functioning and vulnerable narcissism showed significant positive relationships, adaptive defense mechanisms significant negative relationships with psychological distress during the pandemic. Residual factors for aggression and low moral values showed distinct negative relationships with psychological distress related to social distancing. Among individuals who chose to ignore the rules of social distancing, greater impairment in personality organization was found. Personality functioning may elucidate individual differences in psychological distress and compliance with the mitigation rules during the pandemic. Limitations of measures are carefully considered in all interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Kampe
- Department of Psychological Diagnostics, International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Stromstrasse 1, 10555, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Susanne Hörz-Sagstetter
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Bohn
- Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Remmers
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, HMU Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
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14
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Brinkhof LP, de Wit S, Murre JMJ, Ridderinkhof KR. Mitigating the Harmful Impact of Ageism among Older Individuals: The Buffering Role of Resilience Factors. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 9:1. [PMID: 38392100 PMCID: PMC10888260 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Frequent exposure to ageism has significant repercussions on the quality of life and mental well-being/health of older adults. Resilience may play a crucial role in mitigating these effects. The current study aimed to investigate the potential buffering roles of two types of coping variables-behavioral coping and a positive appraisal style-in older adults (N = 2000, aged 55-93). Confirming previous findings, higher levels of perceived negative ageism (PNA) were associated with diminished quality of life and mental well-being, increased depression and loneliness. However, individuals that tend to employ behavioral coping strategies when confronted with challenging/stressful situations showed a weaker relationship between PNA and quality of life, mental well-being, and depression. Embracing a positive appraisal style attenuated the negative impact of PNA on feelings of depression and loneliness. Interestingly, younger older adults appeared to benefit the most from these resilience factors. Despite considerable inter-individual variability, encouraging the utilization of behavioral coping strategies and nurturing a positive appraisal style could serve as effective approaches to mitigate the detrimental effects of PNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte P Brinkhof
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne de Wit
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M J Murre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Richard Ridderinkhof
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Zerban M, Puhlmann LMC, Lassri D, Fonagy P, Montague PR, Kiselnikova N, Lorenzini N, Desatnik A, Kalisch R, Nolte T. What helps the helpers? Resilience and risk factors for general and profession-specific mental health problems in psychotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1272199. [PMID: 38164261 PMCID: PMC10757941 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1272199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected wellbeing of at-risk groups, most research on resilience employed convenience samples. We investigated psychosocial resilience and risk factors (RFs) for the wellbeing of psychotherapists and other mental health practitioners, an under-researched population that provides essential support for other at-risk groups and was uniquely burdened by the pandemic. Method We examined 18 psychosocial factors for their association with resilience, of which four were chosen due to their likely relevance specifically for therapists, in a cross-sectional multi-national sample (N = 569) surveyed between June and September 2020. Resilience was operationalized dimensionally and outcome-based as lower stressor reactivity (SR), meaning fewer mental health problems than predicted given a participant's levels of stressor exposure. General SR (SRG) scores expressed reactivity in terms of general internalizing problems, while profession-specific SR (SRS) scores expressed reactivity in terms of burnout and secondary trauma, typical problems of mental health practitioners. Results Factors previously identified as RFs in other populations, including perceived social support, optimism and self-compassion, were almost all significant in the study population (SRG: 18/18 RFs, absolute βs = 0.16-0.40; SRS: 15/18 RFs, absolute βs = 0.19-0.39 all Ps < 0.001). Compassion satisfaction emerged as uniquely relevant for mental health practitioners in regularized regression. Discussion Our work identifies psychosocial RFs for mental health practitioners' wellbeing during crisis. Most identified factors are general, in that they are associated with resilience to a wider range of mental health problems, and global, in that they have also been observed in other populations and stressor constellations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lara Marie Christine Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dana Lassri
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - P. Read Montague
- Virginia Tech Carilion Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Natalia Kiselnikova
- Department of Psychosocial Studies, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Lorenzini
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Desatnik
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Open Door Young People’s Service, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Nolte
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
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Bögemann SA, Puhlmann LMC, Wackerhagen C, Zerban M, Riepenhausen A, Köber G, Yuen KSL, Pooseh S, Marciniak MA, Reppmann Z, Uściƚko A, Weermeijer J, Lenferink DB, Mituniewicz J, Robak N, Donner NC, Mestdagh M, Verdonck S, van Dick R, Kleim B, Lieb K, van Leeuwen JMC, Kobylińska D, Myin-Germeys I, Walter H, Tüscher O, Hermans EJ, Veer IM, Kalisch R. Psychological Resilience Factors and Their Association With Weekly Stressor Reactivity During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Europe: Prospective Longitudinal Study. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e46518. [PMID: 37847551 PMCID: PMC10618882 DOI: 10.2196/46518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional relationships between psychosocial resilience factors (RFs) and resilience, operationalized as the outcome of low mental health reactivity to stressor exposure (low "stressor reactivity" [SR]), were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. OBJECTIVE Extending these findings, we here examined prospective relationships and weekly dynamics between the same RFs and SR in a longitudinal sample during the aftermath of the first wave in several European countries. METHODS Over 5 weeks of app-based assessments, participants reported weekly stressor exposure, mental health problems, RFs, and demographic data in 1 of 6 different languages. As (partly) preregistered, hypotheses were tested cross-sectionally at baseline (N=558), and longitudinally (n=200), using mixed effects models and mediation analyses. RESULTS RFs at baseline, including positive appraisal style (PAS), optimism (OPT), general self-efficacy (GSE), perceived good stress recovery (REC), and perceived social support (PSS), were negatively associated with SR scores, not only cross-sectionally (baseline SR scores; all P<.001) but also prospectively (average SR scores across subsequent weeks; positive appraisal (PA), P=.008; OPT, P<.001; GSE, P=.01; REC, P<.001; and PSS, P=.002). In both associations, PAS mediated the effects of PSS on SR (cross-sectionally: 95% CI -0.064 to -0.013; prospectively: 95% CI -0.074 to -0.0008). In the analyses of weekly RF-SR dynamics, the RFs PA of stressors generally and specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and GSE were negatively associated with SR in a contemporaneous fashion (PA, P<.001; PAC,P=.03; and GSE, P<.001), but not in a lagged fashion (PA, P=.36; PAC, P=.52; and GSE, P=.06). CONCLUSIONS We identified psychological RFs that prospectively predict resilience and cofluctuate with weekly SR within individuals. These prospective results endorse that the previously reported RF-SR associations do not exclusively reflect mood congruency or other temporal bias effects. We further confirm the important role of PA in resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lara M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antje Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth S L Yuen
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shakoor Pooseh
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta A Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zala Reppmann
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jeroen Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dionne B Lenferink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Natalia Robak
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nina C Donner
- Concentris Research Management GmbH, Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany
| | - Merijn Mestdagh
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Verdonck
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Judith M C van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Erno J Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilya M Veer
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Realpe AX, Mills N, Beasant L, Douglas S, Kenny L, Rai D. Lockdown Experiences and Views on Future Research Participation of Autistic Adults in the UK During the First 6 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic. AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD 2023; 5:301-310. [PMID: 37663442 PMCID: PMC10468553 DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in large-scale public health restrictions and lockdowns across many countries. There is an increasing literature on the varied impact of such lockdowns in autistic adults. However, there is very little research on how the pandemic and related public health measures may impact the willingness of autistic people in engaging and taking part in research. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore autistic adults' experiences of the COVID-19 lockdown and how the pandemic may affect future research participation. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews with 31 autistic adults between March and July 2020. Transcripts were analyzed thematically within a critical realism framework. Results Participants identified positive aspects of lockdown such as enjoying the lack of social pressures and using their well-developed skills for dealing with uncertainty. Autistic people also shared challenges of adjusting to lockdown, for example, rapid change in daily routines. While hopeful about the freedom gained from easing restrictions, participants were concerned about the inconsistent communication and application of rules during the transition out of lockdown. This may have exacerbated already rising mental health issues among autistic people. The participants viewed research participation and engagement with increased relevance during the pandemic and welcomed efforts to conduct research using online methods of communication. Conclusion The COVID-19 lockdown had a varied effect in the lives and routines of autistic people. However, health care providers and researchers need to be mindful of rising mental health issues in the aftermath of the pandemic, especially for people who were already vulnerable. The response to the pandemic may have offered opportunities for innovation in research processes enabling more autistic people to engage with research and making studies more inclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba X. Realpe
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Mills
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Beasant
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lorcan Kenny
- Autistica UK Charity, London, United Kingdom
- Learning Disability and Autism Programme, NHS England & NHS Improvement, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dheeraj Rai
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health Trust, Bath, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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18
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Behrendt D, Boß L, Hannibal S, Kunzler AM, Wessa M, Lehr D. Feasibility and efficacy of a digital resilience training: A pilot study of the strengths-based training RESIST. Internet Interv 2023; 33:100649. [PMID: 37545556 PMCID: PMC10400467 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Work-related stress is a risk factor for a number of adverse health and work outcomes. Resilience trainings are a promising approach for adequately dealing with work stress and keeping employees mentally healthy. However, results of previous resilience trainings have been heterogeneous, ranging from null findings to large effects. Existing digital resilience interventions show a lack of consistency in terms of an underlying theoretical framework and methods used to foster resilience. Positive Appraisal Style Theory of Resilience offers an innovative conceptualization of resilience. Strengths-based cognitive behavioral therapy is a corresponding therapeutically method reflecting resilience as a resource-oriented process of dealing with stress. Based on this background, a new hybrid web-and app-based digital resilience intervention for employees named RESIST was developed. Objective The first aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of the newly developed training RESIST regarding its usability, user behavior, user experience and motivation to use. Second, the study sought to explore preliminary effects of the intervention on reducing stress and enhancing resilience by conducting a pilot randomized controlled trial. Methods The feasibility study was conducted in three phases. First, the usability of the app was investigated in a pre-test with five participants using a thinking-aloud method. Second, the preliminary efficacy of the training was examined in a pilot randomized controlled trial. A sample of 30 employees were randomized either to receive the resilience training (n = 15) or to be member of a control group (n = 15). The primary outcome was measuring perceived stress. Secondary outcomes included measures of resilience and depressive symptoms. Third, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six participants of the resilience training group on training content, motivation for use, and user experience. Results Overall, results indicate that RESIST can be a feasible training for resilience promotion and stress reduction with high user satisfaction. Analysis of covariance showed that, relative to controls, participants who received RESIST reported significantly lower stress scores at post-intervention (F1,27 = 16.91, p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 1.57; 95 % CI 0.71-2.43) than controls. Significant differences, with moderate-to-large effect sizes, were also detected for general resilience and various resilience factors. Conclusions Results are promising and provide hope that a hybrid web- and app-based resilience intervention based on strengths-based cognitive behavioral therapy can have a positive impact on dealing adequately with stress and improve resilience of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Behrendt
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Leif Boß
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Sandy Hannibal
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Angela M. Kunzler
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Lehr
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
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19
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Bögemann SA, Riepenhausen A, Puhlmann LMC, Bar S, Hermsen EJC, Mituniewicz J, Reppmann ZC, Uściƚko A, van Leeuwen JMC, Wackerhagen C, Yuen KSL, Zerban M, Weermeijer J, Marciniak MA, Mor N, van Kraaij A, Köber G, Pooseh S, Koval P, Arias-Vásquez A, Binder H, De Raedt W, Kleim B, Myin-Germeys I, Roelofs K, Timmer J, Tüscher O, Hendler T, Kobylińska D, Veer IM, Kalisch R, Hermans EJ, Walter H. Investigating two mobile just-in-time adaptive interventions to foster psychological resilience: research protocol of the DynaM-INT study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:245. [PMID: 37626397 PMCID: PMC10464364 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and cause a tremendous burden for affected individuals and society. In order to improve prevention strategies, knowledge regarding resilience mechanisms and ways to boost them is highly needed. In the Dynamic Modelling of Resilience - interventional multicenter study (DynaM-INT), we will conduct a large-scale feasibility and preliminary efficacy test for two mobile- and wearable-based just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), designed to target putative resilience mechanisms. Deep participant phenotyping at baseline serves to identify individual predictors for intervention success in terms of target engagement and stress resilience. METHODS DynaM-INT aims to recruit N = 250 healthy but vulnerable young adults in the transition phase between adolescence and adulthood (18-27 years) across five research sites (Berlin, Mainz, Nijmegen, Tel Aviv, and Warsaw). Participants are included if they report at least three negative burdensome past life events and show increased levels of internalizing symptoms while not being affected by any major mental disorder. Participants are characterized in a multimodal baseline phase, which includes neuropsychological tests, neuroimaging, bio-samples, sociodemographic and psychological questionnaires, a video-recorded interview, as well as ecological momentary assessments (EMA) and ecological physiological assessments (EPA). Subsequently, participants are randomly assigned to one of two ecological momentary interventions (EMIs), targeting either positive cognitive reappraisal or reward sensitivity. During the following intervention phase, participants' stress responses are tracked using EMA and EPA, and JITAIs are triggered if an individually calibrated stress threshold is crossed. In a three-month-long follow-up phase, parts of the baseline characterization phase are repeated. Throughout the entire study, stressor exposure and mental health are regularly monitored to calculate stressor reactivity as a proxy for outcome resilience. The online monitoring questionnaires and the repetition of the baseline questionnaires also serve to assess target engagement. DISCUSSION The DynaM-INT study intends to advance the field of resilience research by feasibility-testing two new mechanistically targeted JITAIs that aim at increasing individual stress resilience and identifying predictors for successful intervention response. Determining these predictors is an important step toward future randomized controlled trials to establish the efficacy of these interventions.
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Grants
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- DFG Grant CRC 1193, subprojects B01, C01, C04, Z03 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- DFG Grant CRC 1193, subprojects B01, C01, C04, Z03 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- 01KX2021 German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Network for University Medicine
- MARP program, DRZ program, Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
- MARP program, DRZ program, Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands.
| | - A Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Bar
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E J C Hermsen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - J Mituniewicz
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z C Reppmann
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Uściƚko
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J M C van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - C Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - K S L Yuen
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - M A Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Mor
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A van Kraaij
- OnePlanet Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Pooseh
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Koval
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Vic, 3010, Australia
| | - A Arias-Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - H Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - W De Raedt
- Life Sciences Department, Imec, Louvain, Belgium
| | - B Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - K Roelofs
- Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Timmer
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - O Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Hendler
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Psychological Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Kobylińska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I M Veer
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - E J Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - H Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Busili A, Makrami A, Keni A, Khardily A, Alzahrani D, Busaily I, Busayli F. COVID-19 exposure and depression-anxiety levels among Saudi adults in the Jazan region: a study with a predominantly female and undergraduate sample. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1200052. [PMID: 37645641 PMCID: PMC10462401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1200052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant mental health challenges worldwide, as evidenced by numerous studies indicating high levels of depression and anxiety among individuals. However, the extent of mental health disorders following the pandemic and the association between anxiety and depression and COVID-19 exposure levels in the Jazan region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have received little research attention. Methods A convenience sample of 377 participants, predominantly female (85.4%) with undergraduate education (74.5%) and Saudi nationality (92.8%), was included in the study. The study utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from participants between 1st August and 8th September 2022. The questionnaire consisted of four parts, including demographic characteristics, COVID-19 exposure, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety evaluation. Statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), and regression analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. Results The mean age of the study participants was 30.97 years (SD = 9.072). The mean score for COVID-19 exposure was 2.98 (SD = 1.48). The mean level of depression was 7.83 (SD = 6.43), with 20% of participants experiencing moderate to severe depression. Additionally, the study found that the mean score of anxiety level among participants was 6.75 (SD = 6.57), with 26% of the participants experiencing moderate to severe anxiety. Independent t-test revealed significant differences in mean depression and anxiety scores between participants with varying COVID-19 exposure levels (p = 0.001). The regression analysis demonstrated that anxiety levels were significant predictors of depression (p < 0.001). There is a significant difference in the depression mean between participants with high levels of anxiety (≥10) compared to others with levels <10. Furthermore, significant predictors of anxiety levels included either student or unemployment status (p < 0.001), increased age (≥35) (p = 0.049), female gender (p = 0.009), marital status of not being married, divorced, or widowed (p = 0.004), low monthly income (p = 0.019), and increased depression level (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study provides evidence of significant depression and anxiety levels among participants, with higher COVID-19 infection exposure correlating with increased scores for both. Anxiety was identified as a significant predictor of depression. Demographic factors, such as employment status, age, gender, and marital status, played a role in influencing anxiety levels. The findings highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions to address the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection exposure and support affected individuals effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Busili
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Nursing College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amnah Keni
- Damad General Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Khardily
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Idris Busaily
- Dental College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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21
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McGarrigle CA, Ward M, Kenny RA. An investigation of what protective individual- and community-level factors are associated with life satisfaction in middle-aged and older family carers in Ireland. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1207523. [PMID: 37637804 PMCID: PMC10457003 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1207523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Family care plays an essential role in providing care in society. However, caring can cause stress, and mental and physical responses to caring vary widely. Different outcomes for carers may reflect different approaches or adaptability to caring and their ability to maintain or recover their mental health and wellbeing following an adverse event (psychosocial resilience). We aim to identify factors that may promote psychosocial resilience, conceptualized as maintaining or recovering subjective wellbeing and operationalized as satisfaction with life, among carers. Methods Data were from 6 Waves (2009-2021) of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), a prospective biennial nationally representative longitudinal study of older adults aged ≥50 in Ireland. Family caregiving was assessed in Waves 3-6. Participants were asked if they cared for someone, their relationship to the recipient, and the number of hours per week that they provided care. We used growth mixture modeling to identify latent trajectories of satisfaction with life (SWL) before and after caring was initiated. Regression modeling was then used to identify protective factors (at the individual, family, and community levels) associated with resilient trajectories. Results Overall, 731 (12.2%) participants became carers during follow-up. We identified three trajectories in SWL in carers following initiation of caring, namely, Resilient-Stable (81%), Resilient-Recovery (12%), and Non-recovery (6%). Membership in Resilient-Stable and Resilient-Recovery trajectories was associated with fewer depressive symptoms (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.78, 0.94) and chronic conditions (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.06, 0.74), larger social networks (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.06, 3.86), more close friends and relatives (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01, 1.32), and caring for someone other than a child (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.07, 0.51) compared to the Non-recovery group. Conclusion Becoming a family carer was associated with a decline in SWL over time in some carers. However, most carers either did not experience a decline in SWL or recovered their SWL over time. We found that both individual and community-level supports may be protective for carers' wellbeing. These results will inform the priorities for social and community-level services and support for older carers and contribute to the design of new projects and programs to meet these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. McGarrigle
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Ward
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- St James's Hospital, Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Brinkhof LP, Ridderinkhof KR, Murre JMJ, Krugers HJ, de Wit S. Improving goal striving and resilience in older adults through a personalized metacognitive self-help intervention: a protocol paper. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:223. [PMID: 37542308 PMCID: PMC10403928 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful aging is often linked to individual's ability to demonstrate resilience: the maintenance or quick recovery of functional ability, well-being, and quality of life despite losses or adversity. A crucial element of resilience is behavioral adaptability, which refers to the adaptive changes in behavior in accordance with internal or external demands. Age-related degradation of executive functions can, however, lead to volition problems that compromise flexible adjustment of behavior. In contrast, the reliance on habitual control has been shown to remain relatively intact in later life and may therefore provide an expedient route to goal attainment among older adults. In the current study, we examine whether a metacognitive self-help intervention (MCSI), aimed at facilitating goal striving through the gradual automatization of efficient routines, could effectively support behavioral adaptability in favor of resilience among older adults with and without (sub-clinical) mental health problems. METHODS This metacognitive strategy draws on principles from health and social psychology, as well as clinical psychology, and incorporates elements of established behavioral change and activation techniques from both fields. Additionally, the intervention will be tailored to personal needs and challenges, recognizing the significant diversity that exist among aging individuals. DISCUSSION Despite some challenges that may limit the generalizability of the results, our MCSI program offers a promising means to empower older adults with tools and strategies to take control of their goals and challenges. This can promote autonomy and independent functioning, and thereby contribute to adaptability and resilience in later life. TRIAL REGISTRATION Pre-registered, partly retrospectively. This study was pre-registered before the major part of the data was collected, created, and realized. Only a small part of the data of some participants (comprising the baseline and other pre-intervention measures), and the full dataset of the first few participants, was collected prior to registration, but it was not accessed yet. See: https://osf.io/5b9xz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte P Brinkhof
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - K Richard Ridderinkhof
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap M J Murre
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harm J Krugers
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne de Wit
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Tai APL, Leung MK, Geng X, Lau WKW. Conceptualizing psychological resilience through resting-state functional MRI in a mentally healthy population: a systematic review. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1175064. [PMID: 37538200 PMCID: PMC10394620 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1175064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Conceptualizations and operational definitions of psychological resilience vary across resilience neuroimaging studies. Data on the neural features of resilience among healthy individuals has been scarce. Furthermore, findings from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies were inconsistent across studies. This systematic review summarized resting-state fMRI findings in different modalities from various operationally defined resilience in a mentally healthy population. The PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched. Articles that focused on resting-state fMRI in relation to resilience, and published before 2022, were targeted. Orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula and amygdala, were reported the most from the 19 included studies. Regions in emotional network was reported the most from the included studies. The involvement of regions like amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex indicated the relationships between emotional processing and resilience. No common brain regions or neural pathways were identified across studies. The emotional network appears to be studied the most in association with resilience. Matching fMRI modalities and operational definitions of resilience across studies are essential for meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P. L. Tai
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Integrated Centre for Wellbeing, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bioanalytical Laboratory for Educational Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mei-Kei Leung
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiujuan Geng
- Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Way K. W. Lau
- Department of Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Riepenhausen A, Veer IM, Wackerhagen C, Reppmann ZC, Köber G, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Bögemann SA, Corrao G, Felez-Nobrega M, Abad JMH, Hermans E, van Leeuwen J, Lieb K, Lorant V, Mary-Krause M, Mediavilla R, Melchior M, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Compagnoni MM, Pan KY, Puhlmann L, Roelofs K, Sijbrandij M, Smith P, Tüscher O, Witteveen A, Zerban M, Kalisch R, Kröger H, Walter H. Coping with COVID: risk and resilience factors for mental health in a German representative panel study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3897-3907. [PMID: 35301966 PMCID: PMC8943230 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic might affect mental health. Data from population-representative panel surveys with multiple waves including pre-COVID data investigating risk and protective factors are still rare. METHODS In a stratified random sample of the German household population (n = 6684), we conducted survey-weighted multiple linear regressions to determine the association of various psychological risk and protective factors assessed between 2015 and 2020 with changes in psychological distress [(PD; measured via Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4)] from pre-pandemic (average of 2016 and 2019) to peri-pandemic (both 2020 and 2021) time points. Control analyses on PD change between two pre-pandemic time points (2016 and 2019) were conducted. Regularized regressions were computed to inform on which factors were statistically most influential in the multicollinear setting. RESULTS PHQ-4 scores in 2020 (M = 2.45) and 2021 (M = 2.21) were elevated compared to 2019 (M = 1.79). Several risk factors (catastrophizing, neuroticism, and asking for instrumental support) and protective factors (perceived stress recovery, positive reappraisal, and optimism) were identified for the peri-pandemic outcomes. Control analyses revealed that in pre-pandemic times, neuroticism and optimism were predominantly related to PD changes. Regularized regression mostly confirmed the results and highlighted perceived stress recovery as most consistent influential protective factor across peri-pandemic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We identified several psychological risk and protective factors related to PD outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparison of pre-pandemic data stresses the relevance of longitudinal assessments to potentially reconcile contradictory findings. Implications and suggestions for targeted prevention and intervention programs during highly stressful times such as pandemics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Riepenhausen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences - CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilya M. Veer
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences - CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences - CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zala C. Reppmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences - CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie A. Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Corrao
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mireia Felez-Nobrega
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro Abad
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erno Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vincent Lorant
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Murielle Mary-Krause
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Roberto Mediavilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Melchior
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Berzelius väg 3, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matteo Monzio Compagnoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karin Roelofs
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre Smith
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Witteveen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannes Kröger
- Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin, Germany
- Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA), Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences - CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Yosep I, Suryani S, Mediani HS, Mardhiyah A, Maulana I. Digital Therapy: Alleviating Anxiety and Depression in Adolescent Students During COVID-19 Online Learning - A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1705-1719. [PMID: 37366385 PMCID: PMC10290852 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s416424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The learning method has changed from offline to online since Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic cause mental health problems in students such as stress, anxiety, and even depression. Interventions to reduce mental health problems in adolescents need to be carried out digitally to reduce the transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019. The purpose of this study is to explore methods of digital therapy to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression among students during the Coronavirus Disease 2019. A scoping review study design was used in this study. Database the study from CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases. This study used PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and for quality appraisal used JBI Quality Appraisal. The inclusion criteria for articles in this study are full text, randomized control trial or quasi-experiment research design, English language, students sample, and the publication period during COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2022). There were found 13 articles discussing digital therapy and it was found that the digital therapy model to reduce anxiety and depression includes directions through digital modules, directions via video, and asynchronous discussions via online meeting. The sample range in this study is 37-1986 students. Most of the articles come from developed countries. Delivery services of digital therapy consist of three phases, namely psycho-education, problem-solving, and implementation of problem-solving strategies. The authors found that there are four digital therapy methods, namely Improving psychological abilities, Bias-modification intervention, Self-help intervention, and Mindfulness intervention. The implementation of digital therapy must still pay attention to various aspects that affect students, so that therapists need to pay attention to physical, psychological, spiritual, and cultural aspects. Here we highlight, digital therapy interventions are proven for improving mental health by reducing depression and anxiety levels among students during the COVID-19 pandemic by paying attention to all aspects that affect students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Suryani Suryani
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Henny Suzana Mediani
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Indra Maulana
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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26
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Letcher P, Greenwood CJ, Macdonald JA, McIntosh J, Spry EA, Hutchinson D, O'Connor M, Biden EJ, Painter F, Olsson CM, Cleary J, Thomson KC, Olsson CA. Life course psychosocial precursors of parent mental health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A three-decade prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2023:S0165-0327(23)00675-4. [PMID: 37207948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been widespread interest in the implications of COVID-19 containment measures on the mental health of parents. Most of this research has focused on risk. Much less is known about resilience; yet such studies are key to protecting populations during major crises. Here we map precursors of resilience using life course data spanning three decades. METHODS The Australian Temperament Project commenced in 1983 and now follows three generations. Parents (N = 574, 59 % mothers) raising young children completed a COVID-19 specific module in the early (May-September 2020) and/or later (October-December, 2021) phases of the pandemic. Decades prior, parents had been assessed across a broad range of individual, relational and contextual risk and promotive factors during childhood (7-8 years to 11-12 years), adolescence (13-14 years to 17-18 years) and young adulthood (19-20 years to 27-28 years). Regressions examined the extent to which these factors predicted mental health resilience, operationalised as lower than expected anxiety and depressive symptoms during the pandemic relative to pre-pandemic symptoms. RESULTS Parent mental health resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic was consistently predicted by several factors assessed decades before the pandemic. These included lower ratings of internalising difficulties, less difficult temperament/personality traits and stressful life events, and higher ratings of relational health. LIMITATIONS The study included 37-39-year-old Australian parents with children age between 1 and 10 years. DISCUSSION Results identified psychosocial indicators across the early life course that, if replicated, could constitute targets for long-term investment to maximise mental health resilience during future pandemics and crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primrose Letcher
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Greenwood
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqui A Macdonald
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer McIntosh
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; La Trobe University, Department of Psychology, The Bouverie Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Spry
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Delyse Hutchinson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of New South Wales, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Connor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ebony J Biden
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Felicity Painter
- La Trobe University, Department of Psychology, The Bouverie Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine M Olsson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joyce Cleary
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kimberly C Thomson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; University of British Columbia, Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Craig A Olsson
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The Royal Children's Hospital Campus, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Godara M, Rademacher J, Hecht M, Silveira S, Voelkle MC, Singer T. Heterogeneous Mental Health Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: An Examination of Long-Term Trajectories, Risk Factors, and Vulnerable Groups. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1305. [PMID: 37174848 PMCID: PMC10177770 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11091305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abundant studies have examined mental health in the early periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, empirical work examining the mental health impact of the pandemic's subsequent phases remains limited. In the present study, we investigated how mental vulnerability and resilience evolved over the various phases of the pandemic in 2020 and 2021 in Germany. Data were collected (n = 3522) across seven measurement occasions using validated and self-generated measures of vulnerability and resilience. We found evidence for an immediate increase in vulnerability during the first lockdown in Germany, a trend towards recovery when lockdown measures were eased, and an increase in vulnerability with each passing month of the second lockdown. Four different latent trajectories of resilience-vulnerability emerged, with the majority of participants displaying a rather resilient trajectory, but nearly 30% of the sample fell into the more vulnerable groups. Females, younger individuals, those with a history of psychiatric disorders, lower income groups, and those with high trait vulnerability and low trait social belonging were more likely to exhibit trajectories associated with poorer mental well-being. Our findings indicate that resilience-vulnerability responses in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic may have been more complex than previously thought, identifying risk groups that could benefit from greater support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvika Godara
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, 10557 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Jessie Rademacher
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, 10557 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Martin Hecht
- Department of Psychology, Helmut Schmidt University, 22043 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sarita Silveira
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, 10557 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Manuel C. Voelkle
- Institute of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Tania Singer
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, 10557 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.); (S.S.); (T.S.)
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28
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Mecha P, Martin-Romero N, Sanchez-Lopez A. Associations between Social Support Dimensions and Resilience Factors and Pathways of Influence in Depression and Anxiety Rates in Young Adults. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 26:e11. [PMID: 37129012 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2023.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood is an important developmental period, associated to mental health risk. Resilience research points to both social and personal protective factors against development of psychopathology, but there is paucity with their comprehensive study in young adults. This study provides and initial integrative approach to model multiple dimensions of perceived social support (i.e., from family, friends, significant others) and personal factor of trait resilience (i.e., coping and persistence during stress, tolerance to negative affect, positive appraisals, trust) and their hypothesized contributions to reducing depression and anxiety rates. The study was conducted with a sample of 500 Spanish emerging adults (18 to 29 years old). Regression analyses and multiple mediation models were performed to test our hypotheses. Results showed that social support from family was the dimension with the highest strength relating individual differences in resilience. Furthermore, analyses supported a differential mediating role of specific resilience factors (coping and persistence during stress, tolerance to negative affect, positive appraisals, trust) in partially accounting for the association between higher social support from family and lower depression and anxiety levels in young adults. These results may inform new programs of mental health during emerging adulthood via the promotion of different sources of social support and their related resilience pathways contributing to low emotional symptomatology at this stage of development.
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Marciniak MA, Shanahan L, Binder H, Kalisch R, Kleim B. Positive Prospective Mental Imagery Characteristics in Young Adults and Their Associations with Depressive Symptoms. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:1-12. [PMID: 37363749 PMCID: PMC10140715 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Positive prospective mental imagery plays an important role in mental well-being, and depressive symptoms have been associated with difficulties in generating positive prospective mental images (PPMIs). We used a mobile app to gather PPMIs generated by young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzed content, characteristics, and associations with depressive symptoms. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial with 95 healthy young adults allocated into two groups (intervention and control). Participants used the mobile app decreasing mental health symptoms for seven consecutive days. Fifty participants in the intervention group reported PPMIs at least three times per day using a mobile app inducing PPMI generation. We categorized entries into themes and applied moderation models to investigate associations between PPMI characteristics and depressive symptoms. Results We distinguished 25 PPMI themes. The most frequent were related to consuming food and drinks, watching TV/streaming platforms, and doing sports. Vividness and ease of generation of PPMIs, but not their anticipation, pleasure intensity or number of engagements with the app were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Conclusions We identified PPMI themes in young adults and found significant negative associations between depressive symptoms and vividness and generation ease of PPMIs. These results may inform prevention and intervention science, including the design of personalized interventions. We discuss implications for future studies and treatment development for individuals experiencing diminished PPMI. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10378-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Anna Marciniak
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, Zurich, 8032 Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lilly Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, Zurich, 8032 Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, Zurich, 8032 Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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Kartsoni E, Bakalis N, Markakis G, Zografakis-Sfakianakis M, Patelarou E, Patelarou A. Distance Learning in Nursing Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Psychosocial Impact for the Greek Nursing Students-A Qualitative Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1178. [PMID: 37108012 PMCID: PMC10138316 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed a major threat to global health and on the educational field. The purpose of this study is to identify and illustrate the psychosocial adaptation of nursing students to the sudden and exclusive application of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Methods: A qualitative interview research has been designed. Two focus groups of seven members each and six individual interviews were conducted in a sample of undergraduate nursing students in Greece from 3 March 2021, to 9 April 2021.; (3) Results: A qualitative thematic analysis of the data identified six themes: 1. Challenges; 2. Concerns; 3. Social changes; 4. Negative Emotions; 5. Evaluation; and 6. Teaching strategies.; (4) Conclusions: During its implementation, it identified gaps and weaknesses in the entire academic community. The study of the psychosocial adaptation of the academic community is considered crucial, as it can highlight the individual difficulties in distance learning and contribute to the improvement of the methods of its the improvement of its methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Kartsoni
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bakalis
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece
| | - George Markakis
- Department of Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Evridiki Patelarou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athina Patelarou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
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31
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Janssen TWP, van Atteveldt N. Coping styles mediate the relation between mindset and academic resilience in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6060. [PMID: 37055499 PMCID: PMC10099024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted adolescent mental health on a global scale. However, many students were resilient during this crisis, despite exposure to COVID-related stressors. We aimed to study the protective effects of growth mindset on school-related resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the mediating effects of coping styles. The two-year follow-up of an ongoing Randomized Controlled Trial, involving a growth mindset and control intervention, took place during the pandemic. We measured growth mindset, school burnout symptoms, COVID-19-specific stressor exposure, coping styles, and calculated a resilience score (corrected for pre-pandemic school burnout symptoms). Mediation analyses were performed in the total sample (N = 261), and exploratory in the intervention subsamples, to test whether the associations between mindset and resilience were mediated by coping styles. Growth-mindset students were more resilient during the pandemic and used less maladaptive and more adaptive (acceptance) coping styles. Coping mediated the relation between mindset and resilience in the total sample (both coping styles), and growth mindset intervention subsample (maladaptive coping). We found unique evidence for the beneficial effects of growth mindset on school-related resilience during the pandemic, and the mediating effect of coping styles as explanatory mechanism. This work contributes to a growing literature that shows positive effects of growth mindset on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W P Janssen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology & Research Institute Learn!, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - N van Atteveldt
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology & Research Institute Learn!, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pillay J. Resilience to COVID-19 challenges: Lessons for school psychologists serving school-attending black South African youth aged 10 to 19 years old. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2023; 44:172-189. [PMID: 38603211 PMCID: PMC9669504 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221135872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the mental health challenges of children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period, especially, in relation to an escalation of depression, anxiety, and stress. Whilst this may be the reality, it is unfortunate that most of the studies adopt a psychopathological point of departure often portraying doom and gloom. Adopting a social ecological resilience perspective the author focuses on the resilience of school-attending black South African youth during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The Child and Youth Resilience Measurement (CYRM-28) was completed by 4165 respondents in grades 4 to 12 (females = 2431, 58.4%; males = 1734, 41.6%) from the Gauteng, Mpumalanga and North-West provinces in South Africa. The findings indicate that school psychologists must consider gender, age and school levels when they design school-based resilience programmes for black South African children. Particular emphasis should be placed on contextual resilience highlighting spiritual, religious, cultural and educational factors. A major lesson for school psychologists is to ensure that school-based resiliency programmes adopt a whole school approach that includes children, their families and local communities for the successful promotion of resilience during adverse situations as postulated by the social ecological resilience model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jace Pillay
- Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Köhne S, Engert V, Rosendahl J. Stability of resilience in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Personal Ment Health 2023; 17:55-66. [PMID: 35905979 PMCID: PMC9353390 DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is disagreement among researchers regarding the conceptualization of resilience as a dynamic state or stable trait. Aiming to shed light on the state-versus-trait debate, we explored the stability and construct validity of four of the most frequently utilized state or trait resilience scales in a longitudinal assessment. Additionally, we examined the predictive validity of these scales. Our study was conducted before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, which served as collectively experienced adversity. Correlations among the resilience scales and among resilience scales and Big Five personality traits were strong. All except one scale showed high test-retest correlations. Experience of an additional critical life event during the pandemic led to an increase in resilience. Other than in cross-sectional studies, associations between resilience and psychological distress were weak, because personality and baseline psychological distress were controlled for. Nevertheless, next to personality, resilience explained additional variance in distress change. Our results show relatively high stability of resilience overall. Yet, they also confirm dynamic resilience features, suggesting that resilience change occurs with significant adversity, leading to improved adaptation. To gauge the true association between resilience and mental health, baseline levels of these variables as well as personality traits should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Köhne
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and PsychooncologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Veronika Engert
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and PsychooncologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- “Social Stress and Family Health” Research GroupMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
| | - Jenny Rosendahl
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and PsychooncologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
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Purgato M, Turrini G, Tedeschi F, Serra R, Tarsitani L, Compri B, Muriago G, Cadorin C, Ostuzzi G, Nicaise P, Lorant V, Sijbrandij M, Witteveen AB, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Mediavilla R, Haro JM, Felez-Nobrega M, Figueiredo N, Pollice G, McDaid D, Park AL, Kalisch R, Petri-Romão P, Underhill J, Bryant RA, Nosè M, Barbui C. Effectiveness of a stepped-care programme of WHO psychological interventions in migrant populations resettled in Italy: Study protocol for the RESPOND randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1100546. [PMID: 36761135 PMCID: PMC9905848 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1100546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Migrant populations, including workers, undocumented migrants, asylum seekers, refugees, internationally displaced persons, and other populations on the move, are exposed to a variety of stressors and potentially traumatic events before, during, and after the migration process. In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has represented an additional stressor, especially for migrants on the move. As a consequence, migration may increase vulnerability of individuals toward a worsening of subjective wellbeing, quality of life, and mental health, which, in turn, may increase the risk of developing mental health conditions. Against this background, we designed a stepped-care programme consisting of two scalable psychological interventions developed by the World Health Organization and locally adapted for migrant populations. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of this stepped-care programme will be assessed in terms of mental health outcomes, resilience, wellbeing, and costs to healthcare systems. Methods and analysis We present the study protocol for a pragmatic randomized study with a parallel-group design that will enroll participants with a migrant background and elevated level of psychological distress. Participants will be randomized to care as usual only or to care a usual plus a guided self-help stress management guide (Doing What Matters in Times of Stress, DWM) and a five-session cognitive behavioral intervention (Problem Management Plus, PM+). Participants will self-report all measures at baseline before random allocation, 2 weeks after DWM delivery, 1 week after PM+ delivery and 2 months after PM+ delivery. All participants will receive a single-session of a support intervention, namely Psychological First Aid. We will include 212 participants. An intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed models will be conducted to explore the programme's effect on anxiety and depression symptoms, as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety and Depression Scale summary score 2 months after PM+ delivery. Secondary outcomes include post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, resilience, quality of life, resource utilization, cost, and cost-effectiveness. Discussion This study is the first randomized controlled trial that combines two World Health Organization psychological interventions tailored for migrant populations with an elevated level of psychological distress. The present study will make available DWM/PM+ packages adapted for remote delivery following a task-shifting approach, and will generate evidence to inform policy responses based on a more efficient use of resources for improving resilience, wellbeing and mental health. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04993534.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Purgato
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Turrini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Serra
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tarsitani
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Compri
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Muriago
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Cadorin
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ostuzzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pablo Nicaise
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS) - UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Lorant
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS) - UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anke B. Witteveen
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, La Princesa University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Mediavilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Felez-Nobrega
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natasha Figueiredo
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, ERES, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Pollice
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, ERES, Paris, France
| | - David McDaid
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - A-La Park
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Richard A. Bryant
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michela Nosè
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Corrado Barbui
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Tang YM, Wu TL, Liu HT. Causal Model Analysis of the Effect of Formalism, Fear of Infection, COVID-19 Stress on Firefighters' Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome and Insomnia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1097. [PMID: 36673852 PMCID: PMC9859103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the front line of epidemic prevention, firefighters are responsible for the transportation of infected cases. Firefighters are under a lot of stress from the new COVID-19, especially the fear that they may contract the virus at work and spread the virus to their families. In particular, the framework of this study incorporates Riggs' formalism variables. When firefighters think that the epidemic prevention regulations are inconsistent with the actual epidemic prevention, it will increase their work pressure on COVID-19. In this study, firefighters from all over Taiwan were used as the respondents, and a total of 453 respondents were obtained. This study uses confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test the established hypotheses. The findings confirm that formalism, fear of self and family infection are positively influencing COVID-19 stress. COVID-19 stress positively affects PTSD and insomnia. COVID-19 stress negatively affects problem-focused strategies. Problem-focused strategies negatively affect post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ming Tang
- Asia Pacific Society of Fire Engineering, Kaohsiung City 825, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Wu
- Department of Leisure Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Te Liu
- Department of Public Affairs and Administration, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
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Yeh CB, Lin CC. Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_269_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Bischops AC, Reinauer C, Pischke C, Mayatepek E, Meißner T. Strengthening the Resilience of Children and Adolescents during a Pandemic: A Scoping Review on Eligible Interventions. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2023; 235:13-22. [PMID: 35948048 DOI: 10.1055/a-1849-1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affects children's and adolescents' mental health. The accumulation of stress factors and a lack of social support complicate a healthy development. Since the beginning of the pandemic, there has been almost a doubling of mental health problems in children and adolescents. Promoting resilience is a possible approach to reduce the incidence of mental health problems despite these adverse circumstances. OBJECTIVES This literature search aims at identifying and evaluating interventions to promote resilience mechanisms, with a special focus on feasibility in a crisis situation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This scoping review is based on a systematic literature search including the databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, Psyc-Info, Psyndex and Google Scholar (2006-2020). Of 1733 identified articles 75 were included. RESULTS Out of 72 identified intervention studies 28% were feasible under pandemic conditions. The most effective resilience trainings seem to be individualized interventions using cognitive behavioral therapy elements. However, many approaches primarily show short-term success. DISCUSSION Few evidence-based programs are feasible online or under pandemic restrictions. Most of them show short-term effects and focus on parents and individuals. Multiple programs are ready for use, but still lack proof of efficacy. The development and improvement of (digital) resilience interventions should be an essential part of preventive health care, especially for risk groups. HINTERGRUND Die COVID-19-Pandemie beeinflusst die mentale Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen auf dramatische Weise. Durch eine Akkumulation von Belastungsfaktoren und das Wegfallen sozialer Unterstützung ist eine regelrechte Entwicklung erschwert. Seit Beginn der Pandemie kam es nahezu zu einer Verdopplung der psychischen Auffälligkeiten. Die Förderung der Resilienz kann ein Ansatz sein, das Auftreten von psychischen Auffälligkeiten trotz dieser widrigen Umstände zu vermindern. ZIEL DER ARBEIT Ziel dieser Literaturrecherche ist die Identifikation und Bewertung von Interventionen zur Förderung von Resilienzmechanismen, mit Fokus auf die Durchführbarkeit unter Krisenbedingungen. MATERIAL UND METHODEN Dieses Scoping Review basiert auf einer systematischen Literaturrecherche der Datenbanken Cochrane Library, PubMed, Psyc-Info, Psyndex sowie Google Scholar (2006-2021). Von der insgesamt 1733 Artikel umfassenden Suche wurden 75 Artikel eingeschlossen. ERGEBNISSE Von 72 identifizierten Interventionsstudien sind 28% unter Pandemiebedingungen durchführbar. Die wirksamsten Resilienztrainings scheinen individualisierte Interventionen mit Elementen der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie zu sein. Viele Ansätze zeigen jedoch in erster Linie kurzfristige Erfolge. DISKUSSION Nur wenige evidenzbasierte Programme sind online oder unter Pandemiebedingungen verfügbar. Die meisten von ihnen zeigen kurzfristige Effekte und konzentrieren sich auf Eltern und Einzelpersonen. Zahlreiche Programme sind nutzbar, allerdings fehlt häufig ein Evidenznachweis. Die Entwicklung und Verbesserung von (digitalen) Resilienzmaßnahmen sollte ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der präventiven Gesundheitsversorgung sein, insbesondere für Risikogruppen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Christine Bischops
- Department of General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Reinauer
- Department of General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf Centre for Health and Society, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meißner
- Department of General Paediatrics, Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Koziel Ly NK, Mohamud L, Villeneuve PJ, Matheson K, Anisman H, Chee MJ. Protective effects of physical activity on mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279468. [PMID: 36584182 PMCID: PMC9803281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked with increased reports of depression, anxiety, and stress. Stay-at-home directives during the pandemic-imposed lifestyle changes, including eating and sedentary behaviors that can further undermine mental health outcomes. Physical activity is a vital component for metabolic health, as well as for mental health by serving as an active coping strategy to manage stress and promote resilience. Global reports of increased sedentary leisure behaviors have been associated with feelings of depression and anxiety, but it unclear whether the relationship between physical activity and depression or anxiety persists over time. In this longitudinal study, we investigated (i) whether physical activity at the onset of the pandemic was related to feelings of depression or anxiety over time and (ii) whether this relationship was mediated by stress appraisals during the pandemic. We surveyed 319 adults living in Canada or the United States to assess physical activity, stress appraisals, and mental health outcomes at two time points over a 6-month period. We found a reduction in leisure-time physical activity that was linked to subsequent feelings of depression. Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of physical activity were more likely to appraise their COVID-19 situation to be uncontrollable at pandemic onset and as the pandemic continued. Stress appraisals of threat and uncontrollability were also positively related to feelings of depression. Modelling these three factors together showed that appraising a situation as uncontrollable mediated the relationship between initial physical activity and subsequent depressive feelings. Although correlational, these data highlight the protective role of leisure-time physical activity against worsened mental health outcomes during periods of prolonged stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ladan Mohamud
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J. Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberly Matheson
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa J. Chee
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Schäfer SK, Kunzler AM, Kalisch R, Tüscher O, Lieb K. Trajectories of resilience and mental distress to global major disruptions. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:1171-1189. [PMID: 36302711 PMCID: PMC9595401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a major societal disruption, raising the question of how people can maintain or quickly regain their mental health (i.e., be resilient) during such times. Researchers have used the pandemic as a use case for studying resilience in response to a global, synchronously starting, and chronic set of stressors on the individual and societal level. Our review of this recent literature reveals that mental distress trajectories during the pandemic largely resemble mental distress responses to individual-level macro-stressors, except for a lower prevalence of recovery trajectories. Results suggest more resilient responses in older adults, but trajectories are less consistent for younger and older ages compared with middle-aged adults. We call for more research integrating state-of-the-art operationalizations of resilience and using these to study resilience over the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Schäfer
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), D-55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Angela M Kunzler
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), D-55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), D-55122 Mainz, Germany; Neuroimaging Center, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), D-55122 Mainz, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), D-55122 Mainz, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Hubenschmid L, Helmreich I, Köber G, Gilan D, Frenzel SB, van Dick R, Lieb K. Effects of general and corona-specific stressors on mental burden during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Germany. Front Public Health 2022; 10:991292. [PMID: 36483250 PMCID: PMC9724653 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.991292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic turned out to be a serious threat to mental and physical health. However, the relative contribution of corona-specific (DHs) and general stressors (DHg) on mental burden, and specific protective and risk factors for mental health are still not well understood. In a representative sample (N = 3,055) of the German adult population, mental health, potential risk, and protective factors as well as DHs and DHg exposure were assessed online during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (June and July 2020). The impact of these factors on mental health was analyzed using descriptive statistics, data visualizations, multiple regressions, and moderation analyses. The most burdensome DHg were financial and sleeping problems, respectively, and DHs corona-media reports and exclusion from recreational activities/important social events. 31 and 24% of total mental health was explained by DHg and DHs, respectively. Both predictors combined explained 36%, resulting in an increase in variance due to DHs of only 5% (R2 adjusted). Being female, older and a lower educational level were identified as general risk factors, somatic diseases as a corona-specific risk factor, and self-efficacy and locus of control (LOC) proved to be corona-specific protective factors. Further analyses showed that older age and being diagnosed with a somatic illness attenuated the positive influence of LOC, self-efficacy, and social support on resilience. Although the data showed that after the first easing restrictions, the stressor load was comparable to pre-pandemic data (with DHs not making a significant contribution), different risk and protective factors could be identified for general and corona-specific stressors. In line with observations from network analysis from other groups, the positive impact of resilience factors was especially diminished in the most vulnerable groups (elderly and somatically ill). This highlights the need to especially target these vulnerable groups to foster their resilience in upcoming waves of the corona pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hubenschmid
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,*Correspondence: Lara Hubenschmid
| | | | - Göran Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany,Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Donya Gilan
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Svenja B. Frenzel
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf van Dick
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Roche AI, Adamowicz JL, Stegall MS, Toovey CR, Sirotiak Z, Thomas EBK. College Student Resilience During COVID-19: Examining the Roles of Mindfulness, Compassion, and Prosocial Behavior. ADVERSITY AND RESILIENCE SCIENCE 2022; 3:309-320. [PMID: 36415323 PMCID: PMC9669537 DOI: 10.1007/s42844-022-00083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined factors associated with resilience in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were undergraduates at a large Midwestern university in the USA (N = 848). Hierarchical linear regression analyses examined self-reported pandemic-related adversity, community COVID-19 case rates, mindfulness, compassion, and prosocialness to determine the strongest associates of resilience. Findings demonstrated that mindfulness was the only psychological process of interest significantly associated with resilience, so specific facets were further explored in a regression analysis. Specifically, higher levels of the following mindfulness skills were associated with greater resilience: ability to describe internal experiences, to remain aware while engaging in action, and to take a nonreactive stance toward internal experiences. Mindfulness-based interventions may be appropriate for promoting resilience in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne I. Roche
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Jenna L. Adamowicz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Manny S. Stegall
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Cole R. Toovey
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Zoe Sirotiak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Emily B. K. Thomas
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
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Khachatryan K, Beutel ME, Stöbel-Richter Y, Zenger M, Berth H, Brähler E, Schmidt P. Are Attitudes towards COVID-19 Pandemic Related to Subjective Physical and Mental Health? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14538. [PMID: 36361419 PMCID: PMC9656892 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between a person's psychological distress, subjective physical health and their attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation was performed on the basis of data from two waves of the Saxon Longitudinal Study, carried out in 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2021. The number of study participants in both waves was 291. We tested in autoregressive cross-lagged models the stability of the respondents' health status before and during the pandemic and reviewed their influence on attitudes towards COVID-19. Our results show that COVID-19-related concerns are controlled by subjective physical health, while pandemic denial is linked to psychological distress. In an unknown and critical situation, with limited control over the situation, the strategy of avoidance or suppression may be used by individuals for protection by psychologically downplaying the stressor and danger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Khachatryan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manfred E. Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yve Stöbel-Richter
- Faculty of Managerial and Cultural Studies, University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz, Furstr. 3, 02826 Görlitz, Germany
| | - Markus Zenger
- Department of Applied Human Studies, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal, Osterburger Str. 25, 39576 Stendal, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases—Behavioral Medicine, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 27, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hendrik Berth
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Research Group Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Semmelweisstr. 10, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Political Science and the Centre of International Development and Environment (ZEU), University of Giessen, Karl-Glöckner-Straße 21E, 35394 Giessen, Germany
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43
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Ruengorn C, Awiphan R, Phosuya C, Ruanta Y, Wongpakaran N, Wongpakaran T, Thavorn K, Nochaiwong S. Psychological Resilience and Adverse Mental Health Issues in the Thai Population during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13023. [PMID: 36293610 PMCID: PMC9602542 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In light of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the enormous amount of uncertainty caused by it, mental health issues have become a great concern. Evidence regarding the effects of psychological resilience on the Thai population is scarce. We evaluated psychological resilience during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with the risk of mental health outcomes, such as depression, anxiety, stress, and health-related well-being. This cross-sectional study was a part of the HOME-COVID-19 project, which conducted an online survey of 4004 members of the general population in Thailand using the Brief Resilience Coping Scale. Logistic regression was performed to identify the association between psychological resilience and mental health issues and well-being. Groups with prevalence rates of 43.9%, 39.2%, and 16.9% were classified as low, moderate, and high resilient copers, respectively. Using high resilient copers as a reference group, the low resilient copers had a higher chance of having mental health adversities. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-2.56; p < 0.001) for depression, 2.13 (95% CI, 1.45-3.14; p < 0.001) for anxiety, 4.61 (95% CI, 3.30-6.45; p < 0.001) for perceived stress, and 3.18 (95% CI, 2.31-4.38; p < 0.001) for low well-being. For the medium resilient copers, only low well-being was found to be statistically significant (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.16-2.20; p = 0.004). It is important that resilience be considered in the development of strategies for managing the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent or reduce adverse mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidchanok Ruengorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratanaporn Awiphan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chabaphai Phosuya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Yongyuth Ruanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nahathai Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tinakon Wongpakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kednapa Thavorn
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- ICES uOttawa, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Surapon Nochaiwong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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44
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Cusack SE, Bountress KE, Denckla CA, Vassileva J, Dick DM, Amstadter AB. A Longitudinal Investigation of Resilience as a Protective Factor During the COVID-19 Pandemic. TRAUMATOLOGY 2022; 28:403-410. [PMID: 36504730 PMCID: PMC9731141 DOI: 10.1037/trm0000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a global stressor that has been shown to impact mental health outcomes. Given that COVID-19 is a unique stressor that has been shown to have mental health consequences, identifying protective factors is imperative. The protective influences of resilience are demonstrated through the extant literature, though less is known about resilience and COVID-19 impact. The current study seeks to expand the existing literature on resilience, and on mental health outcomes influenced by COVID-19, by longitudinally investigating relative resilience as a buffer against posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and alcohol consumption, in the wake of a global pandemic. Participants included 549 undergraduates with a history of lifetime trauma exposure. Using a longitudinal path model, we tested the interaction between relative resilience (i.e., an individual's deviation from distress levels predicted by prior trauma exposure relative to other individuals in the same cohort) and COVID-19 impact domains (i.e., social media use, worry, exposure, change in substance use, and housing/food insecurity) on PTSD symptoms and alcohol consumption. Findings demonstrate a significant interaction between the COVID-19 worry impact domain and baseline resilience on later PTSD symptoms, whereby COVID-19 worry impacts PTSD symptoms at low levels of resilience (β = .26, p < .001), marginally impacts PTSD symptoms at mean levels of resilience (β = .09, p = .05), and does not impact PTSD symptoms at high levels of resilience (β = -.08, p = .16). There were no significant main effects nor interaction effects of resilience on alcohol consumption. This article adds to the literature on resilience and COVID-19 through examining both internalizing (i.e., PTSD) and substance use outcomes, using longitudinal data, and using a quantitative measure of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christy A. Denckla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | | | - Jasmin Vassileva
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Danielle M. Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Ananda B. Amstadter
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University
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45
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Fountoulakis KN, Karakatsoulis GN, Abraham S, Adorjan K, Ahmed HU, Alarcón RD, Arai K, Auwal SS, Berk M, Bjedov S, Bobes J, Bobes-Bascaran T, Bourgin-Duchesnay J, Bredicean CA, Bukelskis L, Burkadze A, Abud IIC, Castilla-Puentes R, Cetkovich M, Colon-Rivera H, Corral R, Cortez-Vergara C, Crepin P, De Berardis D, Delgado SZ, De Lucena D, De Sousa A, Stefano RD, Dodd S, Elek LP, Elissa A, Erdelyi-Hamza B, Erzin G, Etchevers MJ, Falkai P, Farcas A, Fedotov I, Filatova V, Fountoulakis NK, Frankova I, Franza F, Frias P, Galako T, Garay CJ, Garcia-Álvarez L, García-Portilla MP, Gonda X, Gondek TM, González DM, Gould H, Grandinetti P, Grau A, Groudeva V, Hagin M, Harada T, Hasan TM, Hashim NA, Hilbig J, Hossain S, Iakimova R, Ibrahim M, Iftene F, Ignatenko Y, Irarrazaval M, Ismail Z, Ismayilova J, Jacobs A, Jakovljević M, Jakšić N, Javed A, Kafali HY, Karia S, Kazakova O, Khalifa D, Khaustova O, Koh S, Kopishinskaia S, Kosenko K, Koupidis SA, Kovacs I, Kulig B, Lalljee A, Liewig J, Majid A, Malashonkova E, Malik K, Malik NI, Mammadzada G, Mandalia B, Marazziti D, Marčinko D, Martinez S, Matiekus E, Mejia G, Memon RS, Martínez XEM, Mickevičiūtė D, Milev R, Mohammed M, Molina-López A, Morozov P, Muhammad NS, Mustač F, Naor MS, Nassieb A, Navickas A, Okasha T, Pandova M, Panfil AL, Panteleeva L, Papava I, Patsali ME, Pavlichenko A, Pejuskovic B, Da Costa MP, Popkov M, Popovic D, Raduan NJN, Ramírez FV, Rancans E, Razali S, Rebok F, Rewekant A, Flores ENR, Rivera-Encinas MT, Saiz P, de Carmona MS, Martínez DS, Saw JA, Saygili G, Schneidereit P, Shah B, Shirasaka T, Silagadze K, Sitanggang S, Skugarevsky O, Spikina A, Mahalingappa SS, Stoyanova M, Szczegielniak A, Tamasan SC, Tavormina G, Tavormina MGM, Theodorakis PN, Tohen M, Tsapakis EM, Tukhvatullina D, Ullah I, Vaidya R, Vega-Dienstmaier JM, Vrublevska J, Vukovic O, Vysotska O, Widiasih N, Yashikhina A, Prezerakos PE, Smirnova D. The effect of different degrees of lockdown and self-identified gender on anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the international COMET-G study. Psychiatry Res 2022; 315:114702. [PMID: 35839639 PMCID: PMC9247180 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic various degrees of lockdown were applied by countries around the world. It is considered that such measures have an adverse effect on mental health but the relationship of measure intensity with the mental health effect has not been thoroughly studied. Here we report data from the larger COMET-G study pertaining to this question. MATERIAL AND METHODS During the COVID-19 pandemic, data were gathered with an online questionnaire from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Anxiety was measured with the STAI, depression with the CES-D and suicidality with the RASS. Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS It included the calculation of Relative Risk (RR), Factorial ANOVA and Multiple backwards stepwise linear regression analysis RESULTS: Approximately two-thirds were currently living under significant restrictions due to lockdown. For both males and females the risk to develop clinical depression correlated significantly with each and every level of increasing lockdown degree (RR 1.72 and 1.90 respectively). The combined lockdown and psychiatric history increased RR to 6.88 The overall relationship of lockdown with severity of depression, though significant was small. CONCLUSIONS The current study is the first which reports an almost linear relationship between lockdown degree and effect in mental health. Our findings, support previous suggestions concerning the need for a proactive targeted intervention to protect mental health more specifically in vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis
- 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigorios N. Karakatsoulis
- 3rd Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece,Corresponding author
| | - Seri Abraham
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom,Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom,Core Psychiatry training, Health Education England North West, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludiwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- Child Adolescent and Family Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Renato D. Alarcón
- Section of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Lima, Peru,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Kiyomi Arai
- School of Medicine and Health Science, Institute of Health Science Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Sani Salihu Auwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria,Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Bjedov
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Julio Bobes
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Ovied, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Teresa Bobes-Bascaran
- Mental Health Center of La Corredoria, Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Spain,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Julie Bourgin-Duchesnay
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Cristina Ana Bredicean
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurynas Bukelskis
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Akaki Burkadze
- Mental Hub, Tbilisi, Georgia,NGO Healthcare Research and Quality Agency, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Ruby Castilla-Puentes
- Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, American Society of Hispanic Psychiatry and WARMI Women Mental Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Marcelo Cetkovich
- Institute of Translational and Cognitive Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hector Colon-Rivera
- APM Board Certified in General Psychiatry and Neurology, Addiction Psychiatry & Addiction Medicine, UPMC, DDAP, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Ricardo Corral
- Department of Teaching and Research, Hospital Borda, Buenos Aires, Argentina,University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Piirika Crepin
- Sanitaire and Social Union for Accompaniment and Prevention, Center of Ambulatory Psychiatry of Narbonne and Lezigan, Narbonne, France
| | - Domenico De Berardis
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy,School of Nursing, University of L'Aquila, Italy,Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, School of Psychiatry, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Zamora Delgado
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
| | - David De Lucena
- Departamento de Fisiología e Farmacología, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Avinash De Sousa
- Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India,Desousa Foundation, Mumbai, India
| | - Ramona Di Stefano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Seetal Dodd
- IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Orygen The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Livia Priyanka Elek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Elissa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Berta Erdelyi-Hamza
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gamze Erzin
- Psychiatry department, Ankara dışkapı training and research hospital, Ankara, Turkey,Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Etchevers
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludiwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Adriana Farcas
- Centre of Neuroscience, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilya Fedotov
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ryazan State Medical University n.a. academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russia
| | - Viktoriia Filatova
- State Budgetary Institution of the Rostov Region "Psychoneurological Dispensary", Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - Iryna Frankova
- Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Francesco Franza
- “Villa dei Pini” Psychiatric Rehabilitation Center, Avellino, Italy,Psychiatric Studies Centre, Provaglio d'Iseo, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Galako
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Psychology and Drug Abuse, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Cristian J. Garay
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Maria Paz García-Portilla
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Ovied, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain,Mental Health Center of La Ería, Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tomasz M. Gondek
- Specialty Training Section, Polish Psychiatric Association, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Hilary Gould
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Paolo Grandinetti
- Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital “G. Mazzini”, ASL Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Arturo Grau
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile,Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Violeta Groudeva
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital Saint Ekaterina, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michal Hagin
- Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Israel
| | - Takayuki Harada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Education Bureau of the Laboratory Schools, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tasdik M. Hasan
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Public Health Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nurul Azreen Hashim
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jan Hilbig
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rossitza Iakimova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry "Saint Naum", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mona Ibrahim
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Felicia Iftene
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yulia Ignatenko
- Education center, Mental Health Clinic No 1n.a. N.A. Alexeev of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matias Irarrazaval
- Ministry of Health, Millenium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, Santiago, Chile
| | - Zaliha Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamila Ismayilova
- National Mental Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Asaf Jacobs
- Department of Psychiatry, Westchester Medical Center Health System, Valhalla, NY, United States,New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Nenad Jakšić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Afzal Javed
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom,Pakistan Psychiatric Research Centre, Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sagar Karia
- Department of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Doaa Khalifa
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olena Khaustova
- Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Steve Koh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Svetlana Kopishinskaia
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia,Kirov State Medical University, Kirov, Russia
| | - Korneliia Kosenko
- Psychiatry, Drug abuse and Psychology Department, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine
| | | | - Illes Kovacs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Kulig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Justine Liewig
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Abdul Majid
- Department of Psychiatry, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Evgeniia Malashonkova
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Groupe Hospitalier Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
| | - Khamelia Malik
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Najma Iqbal Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Gulay Mammadzada
- Department of Psychiatry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,Unicamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy,Brain Research Foundation onus, Lucca, Italy
| | - Darko Marčinko
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stephanie Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Eimantas Matiekus
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gabriela Mejia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Roha Saeed Memon
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Roumen Milev
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muftau Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alejandro Molina-López
- General Office for the Psychiatric Services of the Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Petr Morozov
- Department of Postgraduate Education, Russian National Research Medical University n.a. N.I. Pirogov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuru Suleiman Muhammad
- Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Filip Mustač
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mika S. Naor
- Sackler School of Medicine New York State American Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Amira Nassieb
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alvydas Navickas
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tarek Okasha
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Milena Pandova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry "Saint Naum", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anca-Livia Panfil
- Compartment of Liaison Psychiatry, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liliya Panteleeva
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Ion Papava
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mikaella E. Patsali
- School of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece,Department of Internal Medicine, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Alexey Pavlichenko
- Education center, Mental Health Clinic No 1n.a. N.A. Alexeev of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bojana Pejuskovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,Clinical Department for Crisis and Affective Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mariana Pinto Da Costa
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mikhail Popkov
- Department of the Introduction to Internal Medicine and Family Medicine, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | | | - Nor Jannah Nasution Raduan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Francisca Vargas Ramírez
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile,Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elmars Rancans
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia,Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Salmi Razali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Federico Rebok
- Servicio de Emergencia, Acute inpatient Unit, Hospital Moyano, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Argentine Institute of Clinical Psychiatry (IAPC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anna Rewekant
- General Psychiatry Unit I, Greater Poland Neuropsychiatric Center, Kościan, Poland
| | | | - María Teresa Rivera-Encinas
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental “Honorio Delgado – Hideyo Noguchi”, Lima, Perú
| | - Pilar Saiz
- Psychiatry Area, Department of Medicine, University of Ovied, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Oviedo, Spain,Mental Health Center of La Corredoria, Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA. CIBERSAM, Spain
| | | | - David Saucedo Martínez
- Department of Psychiatry. Escuela Nacional de Medicina, TEC de Monterrey. Servicio de geriatría. Hospital Universitario "José Eleuterio González" UANL. Monterrey, Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Jo Anne Saw
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Görkem Saygili
- Assistant Professor at Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence Department Tilburg University, United States
| | - Patricia Schneidereit
- Klinik für Allgemeine Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Ost, Psychiatrische Institutsambulanz, Klinikum am Weissenhof, Weissenhof, Germany
| | | | - Tomohiro Shirasaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Teine Keijinkai Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Satti Sitanggang
- Psychiatric Unit, Pambalah Batung General Hospital, South Kalimantan, Amuntai, Indonesia
| | - Oleg Skugarevsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anna Spikina
- Saint Petersburg Psychoneurological Dispensary No2, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sridevi Sira Mahalingappa
- Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, The Liasion Team, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Stoyanova
- Second Psychiatric Clinic, University Hospital for Active Treatment in Neurology and Psychiatry "Saint Naum", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Szczegielniak
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Simona Claudia Tamasan
- Compartment of Liaison Psychiatry, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giuseppe Tavormina
- Psychiatric Studies Centre, Provaglio d'Iseo, Italy,European Depression Association and Italian Association on Depression, Brussels, Belgium,Bedforshire Center for Mental Health Research in association with the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mauricio Tohen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Eva Maria Tsapakis
- ″Agios Charalambos" Mental Health Clinic, Heraklion, Crete, Greece,1st Department of Academic Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dina Tukhvatullina
- Centre for Global Public Health, Institute of Population Health Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ratnaraj Vaidya
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jelena Vrublevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia,Riga Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga, Latvia,Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Olivera Vukovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,Department for Research and Education, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olga Vysotska
- Educational and Research Center - Ukrainian Family Medicine Training Center, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Widiasih
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anna Yashikhina
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia,Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | - Panagiotis E. Prezerakos
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Laboratory of Integrated Health Care, Tripoli, Greece
| | - Daria Smirnova
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia,Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
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Bowling J, Vercruysse C, Krinner LM, Greene T, Bello-Ogunu F, Webster C. A simultaneous concept analysis of resilience, coping, posttraumatic growth, and thriving. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:905-919. [PMID: 35643843 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shifted in recent decades from a focus on negative effects of adversity, trauma, and stress to protective factors and positive outcomes. Resilience and related concepts (coping, posttraumatic growth, thriving, and preparedness) reflect this shift. However, the current state of literature reflects conceptualization challenges in relation to these terms, which blur their differentiation. AIM We aim to examine how resilience and related terms are conceptualized in health-related literature. DESIGN We used a simultaneous concept analysis to independently explore and further inform the conceptual development of resilience, coping, PTG, and thriving. DATA SOURCE We searched PsycINFO and PubMed for literature between 1999 and 2019 for each of our concepts. REVIEW METHODS For each of these concepts, we propose a definition, antecedents, attributes, an example, consequences, and related concepts. Next, we concurrently examined the concepts, compared and contrasted findings across them, and clarified similarities as well as differences between them. RESULTS Many concepts' definitions lack specificity, clear boundaries, and consistency across the literature. Resilience literature fails to differentiate between attributes and antecedents of resilience. There was overlap regarding conceptualization between resilience and coping, and resilience and thriving. CONCLUSIONS Several concepts' definitional literature diverged between a return to baseline functioning and surpassing baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessamyn Bowling
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chloe Vercruysse
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lisa M Krinner
- Department of Social Medicine, Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Taryn Greene
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Faustina Bello-Ogunu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caitlan Webster
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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Gender and Psychosocial Differences in Psychological Resilience among a Community of Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091414. [PMID: 36143198 PMCID: PMC9504613 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed at exploring gender and additional sociodemographic differences in psychological resilience, as well as the association between resilience and psychological distress in older adults, during the first lockdown in Italy, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants attended an online survey during the first lockdown in May 2020. Psychological distress was assessed through the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, the Resilience Scale (RS) was administered to evaluate psychological resilience, and sociodemographic variables were also collected. The study involved 108 community older adults (mean age 70.02 ± 3.5 years). Comparisons revealed that women reported significantly lower total scores of RS (p = 0.027), as well as lower levels of resilience-related domains, namely Meaningfulness (p = 0.049), Self-Reliance (p = 0.011), Perseverance (p = 0.035), and Existential Aloneness (p = 0.014), compared to men. Significantly higher RS scores were found in older adults being involved in a relationship, compared to those not involved in relationships (p = 0.026), and in older adults with children (p = 0.015), compared to those without offspring, suggesting the importance for older adults of not dealing alone with such a dramatic and stressful event, such as the pandemic. Negative correlations were found between psychological resilience and stress, depression, and anxiety. Linear regressions revealed that lower RS total scores, as well as lower scores in the majority of the RS scales, were associated with greater levels of stress, greater levels of anxiety, and greater levels of depressive symptoms. This study suggested that older women might appear more vulnerable in facing the pandemic, compared to men; having not lived alone through the lockdown period might also be considered as a factor of resilience for older adults.
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Khubchandani J, Sharma S, Webb FJ, Wiblishauser MJ, Sharma M. COVID-19 Infection among Family and Friends: The Psychological Impact on Non-Infected Persons. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1123. [PMID: 36138859 PMCID: PMC9497068 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the mental health impact of having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive national assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death among family members and friends. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online to recruit adults in the U.S. A total of 2797 adult Americans without a history of COVID-19 infection participated in the study and reported that they had a family member or friend infected with (54%), hospitalized due to (48%), or die (36%) of COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both (i.e., psychological distress) were statistically significantly higher among those who had family members/friends infected, hospitalized, or die due to COVID-19. Also, this study found that the greater the number of family members/friends affected by COVID-19, or the more severe the COVID-19 infection outcome (i.e., hospitalization vs. death), the higher the odds of symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both. There is an urgent need to develop educational interventions and implement policy measures that address the growing mental health needs of this subgroup of the population that was not infected but indirectly affected by COVID-19 infections among social networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Khubchandani
- College of Health, Education & Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Sushil Sharma
- Provost Office, Texas A&M University Texarkana, Texarkana, TX 75503, USA
| | - Fern J. Webb
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Michael J. Wiblishauser
- School of Education, Health Professions & Human Development, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA
| | - Manoj Sharma
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
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Shpakou A, Krajewska-Kułak E, Cybulski M, Seredocha I, Tałaj A, Andryszczyk M, Kleszczewska E, Szafranek A, Modzelewska B, Naumau IA, Tarasov A, Perminova L, Modzelewski R. Stress Perception and Coping Strategies of Students on Both Sides of the EU's Eastern Border during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10275. [PMID: 36011911 PMCID: PMC9408076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the perception of stress and the characteristic coping-strategies among students in the context of the different anti-pandemic measures taken in Belarus, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad. A cross-sectional online survey using standardized questionnaires (Perceived Stress Scale-PSS-10 and Brief-COPE-Mini-COPE inventory) was conducted among 3113 students of seven universities in three neighboring regions on both sides of the eastern border of the EU. The groups that are the most prone to stress are the Polish and Russians students. Among the students from Belarus, 122 (13.7%) have high levels of stress symptoms. Among the respondents from Poland-238 (19.4%), and 191 (19.2%) from Kaliningrad have high levels of stress, respectively. The different approaches of the authorities to the COVID-19 pandemic diversified the choice of students' stress coping strategies. The behavior of the students from Kaliningrad and Poland was similar. The Belarusian students used active coping strategies less often, while an avoidance-focused style, and denial were more frequent. The neglect of restrictive anti-pandemic measures by the Belarusian students was manifested by a higher incidence of disease and minimal use of vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Shpakou
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Seredocha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Academy of Medical and Applied Social Sciences in Elblag, 82-300 Elblag, Poland
| | - Anna Tałaj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Academy of Medical and Applied Social Sciences in Elblag, 82-300 Elblag, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Andryszczyk
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College in Suwałki, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Ewa Kleszczewska
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College in Suwałki, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Anna Szafranek
- Faculty of Social and Human Science, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Lomza, Poland
| | - Beata Modzelewska
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ihar A. Naumau
- Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, Grodno State Medical University, 230009 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Andrei Tarasov
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Ludmila Perminova
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Rafał Modzelewski
- Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Maerz J, Buchheim A, Rabl L, Riedl D, Viviani R, Labek K. The interplay of Criterion A of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders, mentalization and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:928540. [PMID: 35959052 PMCID: PMC9358045 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.928540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by a worsening of mental health levels in some, while others manage to adapt or recover relatively quickly. Transdiagnostic factors such as personality functioning are thought to be involved in determining mental health outcomes. The present study focused on two constructs of personality functioning, Criterion A of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD, DSM-5) and mentalization, as predictors of depressive symptoms and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. A second focus of the study was to examine whether this relationship was mediated by resilience. Methods Linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between personality functioning measured by Criterion A (AMPD, DSM-5) and mentalizing abilities as predictors, and depression and life satisfaction as mental health outcomes. To assess the hypothesis that this relationship is mediated by resilience a structural equation modeling approach was conducted. Data from N = 316 individuals from the general population were collected. Results Linear regression models revealed highly significant associations between Criterion A/mentalization and both outcome measures. Structural equation models showed a significant partial mediation by resilience of these relationships. Conclusion Our results support the hypothesis that mentalizing serves as a protective function by promoting resilience to the impact of stress and threats. Criterion A and mentalization performed similarly as predictors of mental health outcomes, providing empirically overlapping operationalizations of personality functioning. This finding emphasizes the importance of personality functioning in positive and negative mental health outcomes. Furthermore, our results are consistent with a mediating role of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Maerz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Buchheim
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Luna Rabl
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Riedl
- University Hospital of Psychiatry II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roberto Viviani
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karin Labek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Karin Labek,
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