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Vega-Benedetti AF, Porcedda C, Ercoli T, Fusco G, Burgaletto C, Pillai R, Palmas F, Cantone AF, Angius F, Solla P, De Simone A, Cantarella G, Giallongo C, Sogos V, Defazio G, Carta AR. Immune responses to oligomeric α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Neurol 2024; 271:5916-5929. [PMID: 38985290 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease displays clinical heterogeneity, presenting with motor and non-motor symptoms. Heterogeneous phenotypes, named brain-first and body-first, may reflect distinct α-synuclein pathology starting either in the central nervous system or in the periphery. The immune system plays a prominent role in the central and peripheral pathology, with misfolded α-synuclein being placed at the intersection between neurodegeneration and inflammation. Here, we characterized the inflammatory profile and immune-phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Parkinson's disease patients upon stimulation with α-synuclein monomer or oligomer, and investigated relationships of immune parameters with clinical scores of motor and non-motor symptoms. Freshly isolated PBMCs from 21 Parkinson's disease patients and 18 healthy subjects were exposed in vitro to α-synuclein species. Cytokine/chemokine release was measured in the culture supernatant by Multiplex Elisa. The immune-phenotype was studied by FACS-flow cytometry. Correlation analysis was computed between immune parameters and parkinsonian motor and non-motor scales. We found that Parkinson's disease patients exhibited a dysregulated PBMC-cytokine profile, which remained unaltered after exposure to α-synuclein species and correlated with both motor and non-motor severity, with a strong correlation observed with olfactory impairment. Exposure of PBMCs from healthy controls to α-synuclein monomer/oligomer increased the cytokine/chemokine release up to patient's values. Moreover, the PBMCs immune phenotype differed between patients and controls and revealed a prominent association of the Mos profile with olfactory impairment, and of NK profile with constipation. Results suggest that a deranged PBMC-immune profile may reflect distinct clinical subtypes and would fit with the recent classification of Parkinson's disease into peripheral-first versus brain-first phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Porcedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ercoli
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Fusco
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Burgaletto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Pillai
- Center for Research University Services-CeSAR, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Flavia Cantone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Angius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Solla
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Sogos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Defazio
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna R Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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Hong H, Wang Y, Menard M, Buckley JA, Zhou L, Volpicelli-Daley L, Standaert DG, Qin H, Benveniste EN. Suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway inhibits neuroinflammation in the line 61-PFF mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:216. [PMID: 39218899 PMCID: PMC11368013 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) into insoluble aggregates called Lewy pathology. The Line 61 α-Syn mouse is an established preclinical model of PD; Thy-1 is used to promote human α-Syn expression, and features of sporadic PD develop at 9-18 months of age. To accelerate the PD phenotypes, we injected sonicated human α-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum, which produced phospho-Syn (p-α-Syn) inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and significantly increased MHC Class II-positive immune cells. Additionally, there was enhanced infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the midbrain. We then used this new model, Line 61-PFF, to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which is critical for regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. After administration of the JAK1/2 inhibitor AZD1480, immunofluorescence staining showed a significant decrease in p-α-Syn inclusions and MHC Class II expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and endogenous microglia into the midbrain. Importantly, single-cell RNA-Sequencing analysis of CD45+ cells from the midbrain identified 9 microglia clusters, 5 monocyte/macrophage (MM) clusters, and 5 T-cell (T) clusters, in which potentially pathogenic MM4 and T3 clusters were associated with neuroinflammatory responses in Line 61-PFF mice. AZD1480 treatment reduced cell numbers and cluster-specific expression of the antigen-presentation genes H2-Eb1, H2-Aa, H2-Ab1, and Cd74 in the MM4 cluster and proinflammatory genes such as Tnf, Il1b, C1qa, and C1qc in the T3 cluster. Together, these results indicate that inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway suppresses the activation and infiltration of innate and adaptive cells, reducing neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Hong
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Marissa Menard
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jessica A Buckley
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lianna Zhou
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Laura Volpicelli-Daley
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - David G Standaert
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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3
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Bido S, Nannoni M, Muggeo S, Gambarè D, Ruffini G, Bellini E, Passeri L, Iaia S, Luoni M, Provinciali M, Giannelli SG, Giannese F, Lazarevic D, Gregori S, Broccoli V. Microglia-specific IL-10 gene delivery inhibits neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadm8563. [PMID: 39167665 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adm8563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a key role in exacerbating dopaminergic neuron (DAN) loss in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it remains unresolved how to effectively normalize this immune response given the complex interplay between the innate and adaptive immune responses occurring within a scarcely accessible organ like the brain. In this study, we uncovered a consistent correlation between neuroinflammation, brain parenchymal lymphocytes, and DAN loss among several commonly used mouse models of PD generated by a variety of pathological triggers. We validated a viral therapeutic approach for the microglia-specific expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) to selectively mitigate the excessive inflammatory response. We found that this approach induced a local nigral IL-10 release that alleviated DAN loss in mice overexpressing the human SNCA gene in the substantia nigra. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that IL-10 induced the emergence of a molecularly distinct microglial cell state, enriched in markers of cell activation with enhanced expression of prophagocytic pathways. IL-10 promoted microglial phagocytotic and clearance activities in vitro and reduced αSYN aggregate burden in the nigral area in mice overexpressing SNCA. Furthermore, IL-10 stimulated the differentiation of CD4+ T lymphocytes into active T regulatory cells and promoted inhibitory characteristics in CD8+ T cells. In summary, our results show that local and microglia-specific IL-10 transduction elicited strong immunomodulation in the nigral tissue with enhanced suppression of lymphocyte toxicity that was associated with DAN survival. These results offer insights into the therapeutic benefits of IL-10 and showcase a promising gene delivery approach that could minimize undesired side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bido
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Melania Nannoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sharon Muggeo
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Gambarè
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ruffini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Passeri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Iaia
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Martino Provinciali
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gea Giannelli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Giannese
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy
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Clarke JR, Bacelar TS, Fernandes GG, Silva RCD, Antonio LS, Queiroz M, de Souza RV, Valadão LF, Ribeiro GS, De Lima EV, Colodeti LC, Mangeth LC, Wiecikowski A, da Silva TN, Paula-Neto HA, da Costa R, Cordeiro Y, Passos GF, Figueiredo CP. Abatacept inhibits Th17 differentiation and mitigates α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic dysfunction in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02618-1. [PMID: 39152331 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted disease characterized by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which results in motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Accumulation of α-synuclein (αSYN) in Lewy bodies is a key pathological feature of PD. Although the exact cause of PD remains unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that brain infiltration of T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of disease, contributing to neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Here, we used a mouse model of brain-infused aggregated αSYN, which recapitulates motor and non-motor dysfunctions seen in PD patients. We found that αSYN-induced motor dysfunction in mice is accompanied by an increased number of brain-residing Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells, but not CD8+ T cells. To evaluate whether the modulation of T cell response could rescue αSYN-induced damage, we chronically treated animals with abatacept (8 mg/kg, sc, 3x per week), a selective T-cell co-stimulation modulator. We found that abatacept treatment decreased Th1 (IFNƔ+ CD4+) and Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells in the brain, rescued motor function and prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss in αSYN-infused mice. These results highlight the significance of effector CD4+ T cells, especially Th17, in the progression of PD and introduce novel possibilities for repurposing immunomodulatory drugs used for arthritis as PD-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Clarke
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sa Bacelar
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Costa da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Antonio
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Queiroz
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata V de Souza
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Valadão
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Ribeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle V De Lima
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Lilian C Colodeti
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana C Mangeth
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalgisa Wiecikowski
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Talita N da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor A Paula-Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson da Costa
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giselle F Passos
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Sigutova V, Xiang W, Regensburger M, Winner B, Prots I. Alpha-synuclein fine-tunes neuronal response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 122:216-230. [PMID: 39128571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are emerging as neuroinflammatory mediators in Parkinson's disease (PD) due to their ability to act through neuronal cytokine receptors. Critical questions persist regarding the role of cytokines in neuronal dysfunction and their contribution to PD pathology. Specifically, the potential synergy of the hallmark PD protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) with cytokines is of interest. We therefore investigated the direct impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines on neurons and hypothesized that α-syn pathology exacerbates cytokine-induced neuronal deficits in PD. iPSC-derived cortical neurons (CNs) from healthy controls and patients with α-syn gene locus duplication (SNCA dupl) were stimulated with IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ, or a combination thereof. For rescue experiments, CNs were pre-treated with α-syn anti-oligomerisation compound NPT100-18A prior to IL-17A stimulation. Cytokine receptor expression, microtubule cytoskeleton, axonal transport and neuronal activity were assessed. SNCA dupl CNs displayed an increased IL-17A receptor expression and impaired IL-17A-mediated cytokine receptor regulation. Cytokines exacerbated the altered distribution of tubulin post-translational modifications in SNCA dupl neurites, with SNCA dupl-specific IL-17A effects. Tau pathology in SNCA dupl CNs was also aggravated by IL-17A and cytokine mix. Cytokines slowed down mitochondrial axonal transport, with IL-17A-mediated retrograde slowing in SNCA dupl only. The pre-treatment of SNCA dupl CNs with NPT100-18A prevented the IL-17A-induced functional impairments in axonal transport and neural activity. Our work elucidates the detrimental effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-17A, on human neuronal structure and function in the context of α-syn pathology, suggesting that cytokine-mediated inflammation represents a second hit to neurons in PD which is amenable to disease modifying therapies that are currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sigutova
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Dental Clinic 1, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Regensburger
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iryna Prots
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Dental Clinic 1, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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You J, Wang L, Wang Y, Kang J, Yu J, Cheng W, Feng J. Prediction of Future Parkinson Disease Using Plasma Proteins Combined With Clinical-Demographic Measures. Neurology 2024; 103:e209531. [PMID: 38976826 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Identification of individuals at high risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) several years before diagnosis is crucial for developing treatments to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. This study aimed to develop predictive models for PD risk that combine plasma proteins and easily accessible clinical-demographic variables. METHODS Using data from the UK Biobank (UKB), which recruited participants across the United Kingdom, we conducted a longitudinal study to identify predictors for incident PD. Participants with baseline plasma proteins and no PD were included. Through machine learning, we narrowed down predictors from a pool of 1,463 plasma proteins and 93 clinical-demographic. These predictors were then externally validated using the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort. To further investigate the temporal trends of predictors, a nested case-control study was conducted within the UKB. RESULTS A total of 52,503 participants without PD (median age 58, 54% female) were included. Over a median follow-up duration of 14.0 years, 751 individuals were diagnosed with PD (median age 65, 37% female). Using a forward selection approach, we selected a panel of 22 plasma proteins for optimal prediction. Using an ensemble tree-based Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm, the model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.800 (95% CI 0.785-0.815). The LightGBM prediction model integrating both plasma proteins and clinical-demographic variables demonstrated enhanced predictive accuracy, with an AUC of 0.832 (95% CI 0.815-0.849). Key predictors identified included age, years of education, history of traumatic brain injury, and serum creatinine. The incorporation of 11 plasma proteins (neurofilament light, integrin subunit alpha V, hematopoietic PGD synthase, histamine N-methyltransferase, tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3, ectodysplasin A2 receptor, Latexin, interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-1, BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3, tryptophanyl-TRNA synthetase, and secretogranin-2) augmented the model's predictive accuracy. External validation in the PPMI cohort confirmed the model's reliability, producing an AUC of 0.810 (95% CI 0.740-0.873). Notably, alterations in these predictors were detectable several years before the diagnosis of PD. DISCUSSION Our findings support the potential utility of a machine learning-based model integrating clinical-demographic variables with plasma proteins to identify individuals at high risk for PD within the general population. Although these predictors have been validated by PPMI, additional validation in a more diverse population reflective of the general community is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia You
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jintai Yu
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- From the Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence (J. You, L.W., Y.W., J.K., W.C., J.F.), and Department of Neurology (J. Yu), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University) (W.C., J.F.), Ministry of Education, Shanghai; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence (W.C., J.F.), Zhejiang Normal University; Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center (W.C.); Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center (J.F.); and School of Data Science (J.F.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Zhang F, Pan L, Lian C, Xu Z, Chen H, Lai W, Liang X, Liu Q, Wu H, Wang Y, Zhang P, Zhang G, Liu Z. ICAM-1 may promote the loss of dopaminergic neurons by regulating inflammation in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse models. Brain Res Bull 2024; 214:110989. [PMID: 38825252 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease with unclear pathogenesis that involves neuroinflammation and intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), an inflammatory marker, participates in neuroinflammation during dopaminergic neuronal damage. However, the explicit mechanisms of action of ICAM-1 in PD have not been elucidated. We established a subacute PD mouse model by the intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and observed motor symptoms and gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the survival of dopaminergic neurons, expression of microglial and astrocyte markers, and intestinal tight junction-associated proteins. Then, we use 16 S rRNA sequencing to identify alterations in the microbiota. Our findings revealed that ICAM-1-specific antibody (Ab) treatment relieved behavioural defects, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and dopaminergic neuronal death in MPTP-induced PD mice. Further mechanistic investigations indicated that ICAM-1Ab might suppress neuroinflammation by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the substantia nigra and relieving colon barrier impairment and intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, 16 S rRNA sequencing revealed that the relative abundances of bacterial Firmicutes, Clostridia, and Lachnospiraceae were elevated in the PD mice. However, ICAM-1Ab treatment ameliorated the MPTP-induced disorders in the intestinal microbiota. Collectively, we concluded that the suppressing ICAM-1 might lead to the a significant decrease of inflammation and restore the gut microbial community, thus ameliorating the damage of DA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lixin Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Changlin Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongda Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjie Lai
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojue Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiyuan Liu
- Shantou University, Chaoshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haomin Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Pande Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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8
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Ma Y, Xiao Y, Zhang S, Liu J, Shang H. Association of Autoimmune Diseases with the Risk of Parkinson's Disease. Neuroepidemiology 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38981460 DOI: 10.1159/000539466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PD is a progressive neurodegeneration disease characterized by cardinal motor symptoms such as bradykinesia and tremor. The pathogenesis of PD remains unclear. It is hypothesized that immune system dysfunction may contribute to PD. Thus, autoimmune diseases may influence the risk of incident PD. METHODS We included 398,329 participants without PD at the baseline from UK Biobank. The association between 20 autoimmune diseases with PD was examined using cox hazards regression analyses, adjusting covariates like age, sex, and smoking status in the statistical models. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, adjusting for polygenic risk score and the reported source of PD, to check the robustness. RESULTS After an average follow-up of 13.1 ± 0.816 years, 2,245 participants were diagnosed with incident PD. After multiple comparison correction, only multiple sclerosis (MS) reached statistical significance and showed an increased risk for incident PD. Compared with non-MS patients, the risk of incident PD in MS patients was 2.57-fold with age and sex being adjusted (95% CI, 1.59-4.14; adjust p value = 0.002). After adjusting lifestyle and other factors, the hazard ratio of incident PD in MS patients was 2.49 (95% CI, 1.55-4.02; adjust p value = 0.004). Excluding the self-reported PD cases in the sensitivity analysis, MS was a detrimental factor for incident PD (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.56-4.05; adjust p value = 0.004). The link between MS and PD did not reach the statistical significance in the sensitivity analysis adjusting the PRS (adjust p value = 0.95). CONCLUSION Our study provided evidence from observational analyses that MS was associated with an increased risk of PD. Further investigations should be performed to determine the causal association and potential pathophysiology between MS and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Ma
- Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sirui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Olech-Kochańczyk G, Culmsee C, Adamczyk A. Novel Insights into Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and "Mito-Inflammation" in α-Synuclein Toxicity. The Role of the cGAS-STING Signalling Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4549-4574. [PMID: 39011416 PMCID: PMC11249072 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s468609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders continues to grow worldwide. Increasing evidence links intracellular inclusions of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, so-called Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neuritis, to the progressive pathology of PD and other synucleinopathies. Our previous findings established that α-syn oligomers induce S-nitrosylation and deregulation of the E3-ubiquitin ligase Parkin, leading to mitochondrial disturbances in neuronal cells. The accumulation of damaged mitochondria as a consequence, together with the release of mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) could activate the innate immune response and induce neuroinflammation ("mito-inflammation"), eventually accelerating neurodegeneration. However, the molecular pathways that transmit pro-inflammatory signals from damaged mitochondria are not well understood. One of the proposed pathways could be the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) - stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS-STING) pathway, which plays a pivotal role in modulating the innate immune response. It has recently been suggested that cGAS-STING deregulation may contribute to the development of various pathological conditions. Especially, its excessive engagement may lead to neuroinflammation and appear to be essential for the development of neurodegenerative brain diseases, including PD. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying cGAS-STING pathway activation in PD and other synucleinopathies are not fully understood. This review focuses on linking mitochondrial dysfunction to neuroinflammation in these disorders, particularly emphasizing the role of the cGAS-STING signaling. We propose the cGAS-STING pathway as a critical driver of inflammation in α-syn-dependent neurodegeneration and hypothesize that cGAS-STING-driven "mito-inflammation" may be one of the key mechanisms promoting the neurodegeneration in PD. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of α-syn-induced cGAS-STING-associated "mito-inflammation" in PD and related synucleinopathies may contribute to the identification of new targets for the treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Olech-Kochańczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior - CMBB, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Agata Adamczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Choe YH, Jo MG, Kim BG, Lee S, Lee B, Kim SH, Seong H, Yoo WS, Kim M, Lee DK, Kim SJ, Yun SP, Kim M. The autoimmune response induced by α-synuclein peptides drives neuronal cell death and glial cell activation. J Autoimmun 2024; 147:103256. [PMID: 38788538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation. Recent studies have identified a role of T cells in the pathogenesis of PD. Additionally, these studies suggested that α-synuclein (α-Syn) is related to abnormal T-cell responses and may act as an epitope and trigger autoimmune T-cell responses. However, it is unclear whether the α-Syn-mediated autoimmune response occurs and whether it is related to neuronal cell death and glial cell activation. In this study, we investigated the autoimmune T-cell response induced by α-Syn peptides and evaluated the neurotoxic effect of the α-Syn peptide-mediated autoimmune response. The immunization of mice with α-Syn peptides resulted in enhanced autoimmune responses, such as the peptide recall response, polarization toward Th1/Th17 cells, and regulatory T cell imbalance. Furthermore, the α-Syn autoimmune response led to the death of primary neurons cocultured with splenocytes. Treatment with conditioned media from α-Syn peptide-immunized splenocytes induced microglia and toxic A1-type astrocyte activation. Taken together, our results provide evidence of the potential role of the α-Syn-initiated autoimmune response and its contribution to neuronal cell death and glial cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ho Choe
- Division of Rheumatology. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Lillehei Heart Institute and Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55414, MN, United States; Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gi Jo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Gyu Kim
- Division of Rheumatology. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Division of Rheumatology. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Bina Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Seong
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Sun Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyeong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mingyo Kim
- Division of Rheumatology. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zheng Y, Li Y, Cai H, Kou W, Yang C, Li S, Wang J, Zhang N, Feng T. Alterations of Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder. Mov Disord 2024; 39:1179-1189. [PMID: 38529776 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptive immune dysfunction may play a crucial role in Parkinson's disease (PD) development. Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) represents the prodromal stage of synucleinopathies, including PD. Elucidating the peripheral adaptive immune system is crucial in iRBD, but current knowledge remains limited. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize peripheral lymphocyte profiles in iRBD patients compared with healthy control subjects (HCs). METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited polysomnography-confirmed iRBD patients and age- and sex-matched HCs. Venous blood was collected from each participant. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate surface markers and intracellular cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS Forty-four iRBD patients and 36 HCs were included. Compared with HCs, patients with iRBD exhibited significant decreases in absolute counts of total lymphocytes and CD3+ T cells. In terms of T cell subsets, iRBD patients showed higher frequencies and counts of proinflammatory T helper 1 cells and INF-γ+ CD8+ T cells, along with lower frequencies and counts of anti-inflammatory T helper 2 cells. A significant increase in the frequency of central memory T cells in CD8+ T cells was also observed in iRBD. Regarding B cells, iRBD patients demonstrated reduced frequencies and counts of double-negative memory B cells compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated alterations in the peripheral adaptive immune system in iRBD, specifically in CD4+ and INF-γ+ CD8+ T cell subsets. An overall shift toward a proinflammatory state of adaptive immunity was already evident in iRBD. These observations might provide insights into the optimal timing for initiating immune interventions in PD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchu Zheng
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yatong Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Cai
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyi Kou
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Li
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Center for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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12
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Hu R, Wang R, Yuan J, Lin Z, Hutchins E, Landin B, Liao Z, Liu G, Scherzer CR, Dong X. Transcriptional pathobiology and multi-omics predictors for Parkinson's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.18.599639. [PMID: 38948706 PMCID: PMC11212969 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.18.599639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and biomarker discovery to bolster the therapeutic pipeline for Parkinson's disease (PD) are urgently needed. In this study, we leverage the large-scale whole-blood total RNA-seq dataset from the Accelerating Medicine Partnership in Parkinson's Disease (AMP PD) program to identify PD-associated RNAs, including both known genes and novel circular RNAs (circRNA) and enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). There were 1,111 significant marker RNAs, including 491 genes, 599 eRNAs, and 21 circRNAs, that were first discovered in the PPMI cohort (FDR < 0.05) and confirmed in the PDBP/BioFIND cohorts (nominal p < 0.05). Functional enrichment analysis showed that the PD-associated genes are involved in neutrophil activation and degranulation, as well as the TNF-alpha signaling pathway. We further compare the PD-associated genes in blood with those in post-mortem brain dopamine neurons in our BRAINcode cohort. 44 genes show significant changes with the same direction in both PD brain neurons and PD blood, including neuroinflammation-associated genes IKBIP, CXCR2, and NFKBIB. Finally, we built a novel multi-omics machine learning model to predict PD diagnosis with high performance (AUC = 0.89), which was superior to previous studies and might aid the decision-making for PD diagnosis in clinical practice. In summary, this study delineates a wide spectrum of the known and novel RNAs linked to PD and are detectable in circulating blood cells in a harmonized, large-scale dataset. It provides a generally useful computational framework for further biomarker development and early disease prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Hu
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Hub, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ruoxuan Wang
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Hub, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Jie Yuan
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Hub, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Zechuan Lin
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hutchins
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Zhixiang Liao
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ganqiang Liu
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Clemens R. Scherzer
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Xianjun Dong
- APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Hub, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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13
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Hällqvist J, Bartl M, Dakna M, Schade S, Garagnani P, Bacalini MG, Pirazzini C, Bhatia K, Schreglmann S, Xylaki M, Weber S, Ernst M, Muntean ML, Sixel-Döring F, Franceschi C, Doykov I, Śpiewak J, Vinette H, Trenkwalder C, Heywood WE, Mills K, Mollenhauer B. Plasma proteomics identify biomarkers predicting Parkinson's disease up to 7 years before symptom onset. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4759. [PMID: 38890280 PMCID: PMC11189460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is increasingly prevalent. It progresses from the pre-motor stage (characterised by non-motor symptoms like REM sleep behaviour disorder), to the disabling motor stage. We need objective biomarkers for early/pre-motor disease stages to be able to intervene and slow the underlying neurodegenerative process. Here, we validate a targeted multiplexed mass spectrometry assay for blood samples from recently diagnosed motor Parkinson's patients (n = 99), pre-motor individuals with isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (two cohorts: n = 18 and n = 54 longitudinally), and healthy controls (n = 36). Our machine-learning model accurately identifies all Parkinson patients and classifies 79% of the pre-motor individuals up to 7 years before motor onset by analysing the expression of eight proteins-Granulin precursor, Mannan-binding-lectin-serine-peptidase-2, Endoplasmatic-reticulum-chaperone-BiP, Prostaglaindin-H2-D-isomaerase, Interceullular-adhesion-molecule-1, Complement C3, Dickkopf-WNT-signalling pathway-inhibitor-3, and Plasma-protease-C1-inhibitor. Many of these biomarkers correlate with symptom severity. This specific blood panel indicates molecular events in early stages and could help identify at-risk participants for clinical trials aimed at slowing/preventing motor Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hällqvist
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, London, UK.
| | - Michael Bartl
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Mohammed Dakna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Pirazzini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kailash Bhatia
- National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, Queen Square, WC1N3BG, London, UK
| | | | - Mary Xylaki
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sandrina Weber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marielle Ernst
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Friederike Sixel-Döring
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivan Doykov
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Justyna Śpiewak
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Héloїse Vinette
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
- UCL: Food, Microbiomes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wendy E Heywood
- UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, London, UK
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
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14
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Li H, Qian J, Wang Y, Wang J, Mi X, Qu L, Song N, Xie J. Potential convergence of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and COVID-19: The role of neuroinflammation. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102288. [PMID: 38580172 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects 7-10 million individuals worldwide. A common early symptom of PD is olfactory dysfunction (OD), and more than 90% of PD patients suffer from OD. Recent studies have highlighted a high incidence of OD in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review investigates the potential convergence of OD in PD and COVID-19, particularly focusing on the mechanisms by which neuroinflammation contributes to OD and neurological events. Starting from our fundamental understanding of the olfactory bulb, we summarize the clinical features of OD and pathological features of the olfactory bulb from clinical cases and autopsy reports in PD patients. We then examine SARS-CoV-2-induced olfactory bulb neuropathology and OD and emphasize the SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammatory cascades potentially leading to PD manifestations. By activating microglia and astrocytes, as well as facilitating the aggregation of α-synuclein, SARS-CoV-2 could contribute to the onset or exacerbation of PD. We also discuss the possible contributions of NF-κB, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the JAK/STAT, p38 MAPK, TLR4, IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and cGAS-STING signaling pathways. Although olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 may be reversible, it is challenging to restore OD in patients with PD. With the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and the recurrence of infections, we call for continued attention to the intersection between PD and SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially from the perspective of OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junliang Qian
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youcui Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqing Mi
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Qu
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Song
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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15
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Gonçalves M, Rodrigues-Santos P, Januário C, Cosentino M, Pereira FC. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) - Can dendritic cells and monocytes expressing this moonlight enzyme change the phase of Parkinson's Disease? Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112062. [PMID: 38652967 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease where central and peripheral immune dysfunctions have been pointed out as a critical component of susceptibility and progression of this disease. Dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes are key players in promoting immune response regulation and can induce the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) under pro-inflammatory environments. This enzyme with catalytic and signaling activity supports the axis IDO1-KYN-aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), promoting disease-specific immunomodulatory effects. IDO1 is a rate-limiting enzyme of the kynurenine pathway (KP) that begins tryptophan (Trp) catabolism across this pathway. The immune functions of the pathway, which are extensively described in cancer, have been forgotten so far in neurodegenerative diseases, where a chronic inflammatory environment underlines the progression of the disease. Despite dysfunctions of KP have been described in PD, these are mainly associated with neurotoxic functions. With this review, we aim to focus on the immune properties of IDO1+DCs and IDO1+monocytes as a possible strategy to balance the pro-inflammatory profile described in PD. We also highlight the importance of exploring the role of dopaminergic therapeutics in IDO1 modulation to possibly optimize current PD therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Gonçalves
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Portugal
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Univ Coimbra, Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Januário
- Univ Coimbra, CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Univ Insubria, Center for Research in Medical Pharmacology, Varese, Italy
| | - Frederico C Pereira
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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16
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Bartl M, Nilsson J, Dakna M, Weber S, Schade S, Xylaki M, Fernandes Gomes B, Ernst M, Muntean ML, Sixel-Döring F, Trenkwalder C, Zetterberg H, Brinkmalm A, Mollenhauer B. Lysosomal and synaptic dysfunction markers in longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid of de novo Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:102. [PMID: 38760408 PMCID: PMC11101466 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal and synaptic dysfunctions are hallmarks in neurodegeneration and potentially relevant as biomarkers, but data on early Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking. We performed targeted mass spectrometry with an established protein panel, assessing autophagy and synaptic function in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of drug-naïve de novo PD, and sex-/age-matched healthy controls (HC) cross-sectionally (88 PD, 46 HC) and longitudinally (104 PD, 58 HC) over 10 years. Multiple markers of autophagy, synaptic plasticity, and secretory pathways were reduced in PD. We added samples from prodromal subjects (9 cross-sectional, 12 longitudinal) with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder, revealing secretogranin-2 already decreased compared to controls. Machine learning identified neuronal pentraxin receptor and neurosecretory protein VGF as most relevant for discriminating between groups. CSF levels of LAMP2, neuronal pentraxins, and syntaxins in PD correlated with clinical progression, showing predictive potential for motor- and non-motor symptoms as a valid basis for future drug trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bartl
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
- Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Johanna Nilsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Mohammed Dakna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sandrina Weber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Mary Xylaki
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bárbara Fernandes Gomes
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Marielle Ernst
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Friederike Sixel-Döring
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany
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17
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Chew G, Mai AS, Ouyang JF, Qi Y, Chao Y, Wang Q, Petretto E, Tan EK. Transcriptomic imputation of genetic risk variants uncovers novel whole-blood biomarkers of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:99. [PMID: 38719867 PMCID: PMC11078960 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-based gene expression signatures could potentially be used as biomarkers for PD. However, it is unclear whether genetically-regulated transcriptomic signatures can provide novel gene candidates for use as PD biomarkers. We leveraged on the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database to impute whole-blood transcriptomic expression using summary statistics of three large-scale PD GWAS. A random forest classifier was used with the consensus whole-blood imputed gene signature (IGS) to discriminate between cases and controls. Outcome measures included Area under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve. We demonstrated that the IGS (n = 37 genes) is conserved across PD GWAS studies and brain tissues. IGS discriminated between cases and controls in an independent whole-blood RNA-sequencing study (1176 PD, 254 prodromal, and 860 healthy controls) with mean AUC and accuracy of 64.8% and 69.4% for PD cohort, and 78.8% and 74% for prodromal cohort. PATL2 was the top-performing imputed gene in both PD and prodromal PD cohorts, whose classifier performance varied with biological sex (higher performance for males and females in the PD and prodromal PD, respectively). Single-cell RNA-sequencing studies (scRNA-seq) of healthy humans and PD patients found PATL2 to be enriched in terminal effector CD8+ and cytotoxic CD4+ cells, whose proportions are both increased in PD patients. We demonstrated the utility of GWAS transcriptomic imputation in identifying novel whole-blood transcriptomic signatures which could be leveraged upon for PD biomarker derivation. We identified PATL2 as a potential biomarker in both clinical and prodromic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Chew
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron Shengting Mai
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John F Ouyang
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yueyue Qi
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yinxia Chao
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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18
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Hong H, Wang Y, Menard M, Buckley J, Zhou L, Volpicelli-Daley L, Standaert D, Qin H, Benveniste E. Suppression of the JAK/STAT Pathway Inhibits Neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4307273. [PMID: 38766241 PMCID: PMC11100885 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4307273/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accumulation of a-synuclein (a-Syn) into insoluble aggregates called Lewy pathology. The Line 61 a-Syn mouse is an established preclinical model of PD; Thy-1 is used to promote human a-Syn expression, and features of sporadic PD develop at 9-18 months of age. To accelerate the PD phenotypes, we injected sonicated human a-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum, which produced phospho-Syn (p-a-Syn) inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and significantly increased MHC Class II-positive immune cells. Additionally, there was enhanced infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the midbrain. We then used this new model, Line 61-PFF, to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which is critical for regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. After administration of the JAK1/2 inhibitor AZD1480, immunofluorescence staining showed a significant decrease in p-a-Syn inclusions and MHC Class II expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and endogenous microglia into the midbrain. Importantly, single-cell RNA-Sequencing analysis of CD45+ cells from the midbrain identified 9 microglia clusters, 5 monocyte/macrophage (MM) clusters, and 5 T-cell (T) clusters, in which potentially pathogenic MM4 and T3 clusters were associated with neuroinflammatory responses in Line 61-PFF mice. AZD1480 treatment reduced cell numbers and cluster-specific expression of the antigen-presentation genes H2-Eb1, H2-Aa, H2-Ab1, and Cd74 in the MM4 cluster and proinflammatory genes such as Tnf, Il1b, C1qa, and C1qc in the T3 cluster. Together, these results indicate that inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway suppresses the activation and infiltration of innate and adaptive cells, reducing neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF mouse model.
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19
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Gu R, Pan J, Awan MUN, Sun X, Yan F, Bai L, Bai J. The major histocompatibility complex participates in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107168. [PMID: 38583689 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The central nervous system (CNS) has previously been considered as an immune-privileged area. However, studies have shown that the immune responses are involved in PD. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presents antigens from antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to T lymphocytes, immune responses will be induced. MHCs are expressed in microglia, astrocytes, and dopaminergic neurons. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in MHC are related to the risk of PD. The aggregated α-syn triggers the expression of MHCs by activating glia cells. CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes responses and microglia activation are detected in brains of PD patients. In addiction immune responses further increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and T cell infiltration in PD. Thus, MHCs are involved in PD through participating in immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Gu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jianyu Pan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Maher Un Nisa Awan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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20
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Boskovic P, Gao W, Kipnis J. Will cellular immunotherapies end neurodegenerative diseases? Trends Immunol 2024; 45:329-337. [PMID: 38600001 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders present major challenges to global health, exacerbated by an aging population and the absence of therapies. Despite diverse pathological manifestations, they share a common hallmark, loosely termed 'neuroinflammation'. The prevailing dogma is that the immune system is an active contributor to neurodegeneration; however, recent evidence challenges this. By analogy with road construction, which causes temporary closures and disruptions, the immune system's actions in the central nervous system (CNS) might initially appear destructive, and might even cause harm, while aiming to combat neurodegeneration. We propose that the application of cellular immunotherapies to coordinate the immune response towards remodeling might pave the way for new modes of tackling the roadblocks of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle Boskovic
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Wenqing Gao
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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21
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Stampanoni Bassi M, Gilio L, Galifi G, Buttari F, Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Belli L, Modugno N, Furlan R, Finardi A, Mandolesi G, Musella A, Centonze D, Olivola E. Mood disturbances in newly diagnosed Parkinson's Disease patients reflect intrathecal inflammation. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 122:106071. [PMID: 38432021 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), neuroinflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, contributing to the clinical heterogeneity of the disease. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-12, IL-17, interferon (IFN)γ, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1a), MIP-1b, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), eotaxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), were assessed in 45 newly diagnosed and untreated PD patients and in 44 control patients. Spearman's correlations were used to explore possible associations between CSF cytokines and clinical variables including mood. Benjamini-Hochberg (B-H) correction for multiple comparisons was applied. Linear regression was used to test significant associations correcting for other clinical variables. In PD patients, higher CSF concentrations of the inflammatory molecules IL-6, IL-9, IFNγ, and GCSF were found (all B-H corrected p < 0.02). Significant associations were found between BDI-II and the levels of IL-6 (Beta = 0.438; 95%CI 1.313-5.889; p = 0.003) and IL-8 (Beta = 0.471; 95%CI 0.185-0.743; p = 0.002). Positive associations were also observed between STAI-Y state and both IL-6 (Beta = 0.452; 95%CI 1.649-7.366; p = 0.003), and IL-12 (Beta = 0.417; 95%CI 2.238-13.379; p = 0.007), and between STAI-Y trait and IL-2 (Beta = 0.354; 95%CI 1.923-14.796; p = 0.012), IL-6 (Beta = 0.362; 95%CI 0.990-6.734; p = 0.01), IL-8 (Beta = 0.341; 95%CI 0.076-0.796; p = 0.019), IL-12 (Beta = 0.328; 95%CI 0.975-12.135; p = 0.023), and IL-17 (Beta = 0.334; 95CI 0.315-4.455; p = 0.025). An inflammatory CSF milieu may be associated with depression and anxiety in the early phases of PD, supporting a role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of mood disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Bruno
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Lorena Belli
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Williams GP, Yu ED, Shapiro K, Wang E, Freuchet A, Frazier A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A, da Silva Antunes R. Investigating viral and autoimmune T cell responses associated with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110770. [PMID: 38433036 PMCID: PMC11144566 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), or Long COVID, is a chronic condition following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms include exertion fatigue, respiratory issues, myalgia, and neurological manifestations such as 'brain fog,' posing concern for their debilitating nature and potential role in other neurological disorders. However, the underlying potential pathogenic mechanisms of the neurological complications of PASC is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated differences in antigen-specific T cell responses from the peripheral blood towards SARS-CoV-2, latent viruses, or neuronal antigens in 14 PASC individuals with neurological manifestations (PASC-N) versus 22 individuals fully recovered from COVID-19. We employed Activation Induced Marker (AIM), ICS and FluoroSpot assays to determine the specificity and magnitude of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses towards SARS-CoV-2 (Spike and rest of proteome), latent viruses (CMV, EBV), and several neuronal antigens. Overall, we observed similar antigen-specific T cell frequencies and cytokine effector T cell responses between PASC donors compared to recovered controls for all antigens tested (viral or autoantigen) in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments. Our findings suggest that PASC-N does not appear to be associated with changes in antigen-specific T cell responses towards a subset of disease-relevant targets, but more studies in a larger cohort are needed to confirm these unaltered responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Williams
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Esther Dawen Yu
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kendra Shapiro
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - April Frazier
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Sette
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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23
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Gao Y, Lu Y, Liang X, Zhao M, Yu X, Fu H, Yang W. CD4 + T-Cell Senescence in Neurodegenerative Disease: Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2024; 13:749. [PMID: 38727285 PMCID: PMC11083511 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing proportion of the aging population, neurodegenerative diseases have become one of the major health issues in society. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by progressive neurodegeneration associated with aging, leading to a gradual decline in cognitive, emotional, and motor functions in patients. The process of aging is a normal physiological process in human life and is accompanied by the aging of the immune system, which is known as immunosenescence. T-cells are an important part of the immune system, and their senescence is the main feature of immunosenescence. The appearance of senescent T-cells has been shown to potentially lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage, with some studies indicating a direct link between T-cell senescence, inflammation, and neuronal damage. The role of these subsets with different functions in NDs is still under debate. A growing body of evidence suggests that in people with a ND, there is a prevalence of CD4+ T-cell subsets exhibiting characteristics that are linked to senescence. This underscores the significance of CD4+ T-cells in NDs. In this review, we summarize the classification and function of CD4+ T-cell subpopulations, the characteristics of CD4+ T-cell senescence, the potential roles of these cells in animal models and human studies of NDs, and therapeutic strategies targeting CD4+ T-cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Yang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.G.); (Y.L.); (X.L.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.F.)
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24
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Ribarič S. The Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes to Parkinson's Disease Aetiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4358. [PMID: 38673943 PMCID: PMC11050090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are chronic disorders that have a significant health impact on a global scale. Epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical research underpins the assumption that insulin resistance and chronic inflammation contribute to the overlapping aetiologies of T2D and PD. This narrative review summarises the recent evidence on the contribution of T2D to the initiation and progression of PD brain pathology. It also briefly discusses the rationale and potential of alternative pharmacological interventions for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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25
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Niso-Santano M, Fuentes JM, Galluzzi L. Immunological aspects of central neurodegeneration. Cell Discov 2024; 10:41. [PMID: 38594240 PMCID: PMC11004155 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of various neurodegenerative disorders that mainly affect the central nervous system including (but not limited to) Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease has classically been attributed to neuronal defects that culminate with the loss of specific neuronal populations. However, accumulating evidence suggests that numerous immune effector cells and the products thereof (including cytokines and other soluble mediators) have a major impact on the pathogenesis and/or severity of these and other neurodegenerative syndromes. These observations not only add to our understanding of neurodegenerative conditions but also imply that (at least in some cases) therapeutic strategies targeting immune cells or their products may mediate clinically relevant neuroprotective effects. Here, we critically discuss immunological mechanisms of central neurodegeneration and propose potential strategies to correct neurodegeneration-associated immunological dysfunction with therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Niso-Santano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Cáceres, Spain.
| | - José M Fuentes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Cáceres, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Kulski JK, Suzuki S, Shiina T, Pfaff AL, Kõks S. Regulatory SVA retrotransposons and classical HLA genotyped-transcripts associated with Parkinson's disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349030. [PMID: 38590523 PMCID: PMC10999589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative and polygenic disorder characterised by the progressive loss of neural dopamine and onset of movement disorders. We previously described eight SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon-insertion-polymorphisms (RIPs) located and expressed within the Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) genomic region of chromosome 6 that modulate the differential co-expression of 71 different genes including the HLA classical class I and class II genes in a Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort. Aims and methods In the present study, we (1) reanalysed the PPMI genomic and transcriptomic sequencing data obtained from whole blood of 1521 individuals (867 cases and 654 controls) to infer the genotypes of the transcripts expressed by eight classical HLA class I and class II genes as well as DRA and the DRB3/4/5 haplotypes, and (2) examined the statistical differences between three different PD subgroups (cases) and healthy controls (HC) for the HLA and SVA transcribed genotypes and inferred haplotypes. Results Significant differences for 57 expressed HLA alleles (21 HLA class I and 36 HLA class II alleles) up to the three-field resolution and four of eight expressed SVA were detected at p<0.05 by the Fisher's exact test within one or other of three different PD subgroups (750 individuals with PD, 57 prodromes, 60 individuals who had scans without evidence of dopamine deficits [SWEDD]), when compared against a group of 654 HCs within the PPMI cohort and when not corrected by the Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. Fourteen of 20 significant alleles were unique to the PD-HC comparison, whereas 31 of the 57 alleles overlapped between two or more different subgroup comparisons. Only the expressed HLA-DRA*01:01:01 and -DQA1*03:01:01 protective alleles (PD v HC), the -DQA1*03:03:01 risk (HC v Prodrome) or protective allele (PD v Prodrome), the -DRA*01:01:02 and -DRB4*01:03:02 risk alleles (SWEDD v HC), and the NR_SVA_381 present genotype (PD v HC) at a 5% homozygous insertion frequency near HLA-DPA1, were significant (Pc<0.1) after Bonferroni corrections. The homologous NR_SVA_381 insertion significantly decreased the transcription levels of HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 in the PPMI cohort and its presence as a homozygous genotype is a risk factor (Pc=0.012) for PD. The most frequent NR_SVA_381 insertion haplotype in the PPMI cohort was NR_SVA_381/DPA1*02/DPB1*01 (3.7%). Although HLA C*07/B*07/DRB5*01/DRB1*15/DQB1*06 was the most frequent HLA 5-loci phased-haplotype (n, 76) in the PPMI cohort, the NR_SVA_381 insertion was present in only six of them (8%). Conclusions These data suggest that expressed SVA and HLA gene alleles in circulating white blood cells are coordinated differentially in the regulation of immune responses and the long-term onset and progression of PD, the mechanisms of which have yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy K. Kulski
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Health and Medical Science, Division of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Shingo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiina
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Abigail L. Pfaff
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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27
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Li C, Ke B, Chen J, Xiao Y, Wang S, Jiang R, Zheng X, Lin J, Huang J, Shang H. Systemic inflammation and risk of Parkinson's disease: A prospective cohort study and genetic analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:447-455. [PMID: 38336023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple evidence has suggested the complex interplay between Parkinson's disease (PD) and systemic inflammation marked by C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Nevertheless, the findings across studies have shown inconsistency, and the direction of the effect remains controversial. Here, we aimed to explore the link between CRP and IL-6 and the risk of PD. METHODS Based on data from the UK Biobank, we investigated the association between baseline CRP and IL-6 and the risk of incident PD with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. We further performed extensive genetic analyses including genetic correlation, polygenic risk score (PRS), and pleiotropic enrichment based on summary statistics from previous genome-wide association studies. RESULTS A higher level of CRP at baseline was associated with a lower risk of PD (HR = 0.85, 95 % CI: 0.79-0.90, P = 4.23E-07). The results remained consistent in the subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and body mass index. From the genetic perspective, a significant negative genetic correlation was identified between CRP and PD risk (correlation: -0.14, P = 6.31E-05). Higher PRS of CRP was associated with a lower risk of PD (P = 0.015, beta = -0.04, SE = 0.017). Moreover, we observed significant pleiotropic enrichment for PD conditional on CRP, and identified 13 risk loci for PD, some of which are implicated in immune functionality and have been linked to PD, including CTSB, HNF4A, PPM1G, ACMSD, and NCOR1. In contrast, no significant association was identified between IL-6 and PD. CONCLUSIONS Systemic inflammation at baseline measured by CRP level is associated with decreased future risk of PD. These discoveries contribute to a deeper comprehension of the role of inflammation in the risk of PD, and hold implications for the design of therapeutic interventions in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Ke
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhai Chen
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biological Sciences Division, the University of Chicago, United States
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shichan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoting Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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28
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Kwok AJ, Lu J, Huang J, Ip BY, Mok VCT, Lai HM, Ko H. High-resolution omics of vascular ageing and inflammatory pathways in neurodegeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:30-49. [PMID: 37380595 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution omics, particularly single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling, are rapidly enhancing our comprehension of the normal molecular diversity of gliovascular cells, as well as their age-related changes that contribute to neurodegeneration. With more omic profiling studies being conducted, it is becoming increasingly essential to synthesise valuable information from the rapidly accumulating findings. In this review, we present an overview of the molecular features of neurovascular and glial cells that have been recently discovered through omic profiling, with a focus on those that have potentially significant functional implications and/or show cross-species differences between human and mouse, and that are linked to vascular deficits and inflammatory pathways in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, we highlight the translational applications of omic profiling, and discuss omic-based strategies to accelerate biomarker discovery and facilitate disease course-modifying therapeutics development for neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kwok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jianning Lu
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junzhe Huang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bonaventure Y Ip
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hei Ming Lai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ho Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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29
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He R, Zeng Y, Wang C, Chen L, Cai G, Chen Y, Wang Y, Ye Q, Chen X. Associative role of HLA-DRB1 as a protective factor for susceptibility and progression of Parkinson's disease: a Chinese cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1361492. [PMID: 38586829 PMCID: PMC10995924 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1361492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous genome-wide association studies investigating the relationship between the HLA-DRB1 and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown limited racial diversity and have not explored clinical heterogeneity extensively. Methods The study consisted of three parts: a case-control study, a cross-sectional study, and a longitudinal cohort study. The case-control study included 477 PD patients and 477 healthy controls to explore the relationship between rs660895 and PD susceptibility. The cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from 429 PD patients to examine the correlation between rs660895 and PD features. The longitudinal study included 388 PD patients who completed a 3-year follow-up to investigate the effects of rs660895 on PD progression. Results In the case-control study, HLA-DRB1 rs660895-G allele was associated with a decreased risk of PD in allele model (adjusted OR=0.72, p = 0.003) and dominant model (AG + GG vs. AA: adjusted OR = 0.67, p = 0.003). In the cross-sectional analysis, there was no association between rs660895 and the onset age, motor phenotype, or initial motor symptoms. In the longitudinal analysis, PD patients with the G allele exhibited a slower progression of motor symptoms (MDS-UPDRS-III total score: β = -5.42, p < 0.001, interaction ptime × genotype < 0.001) and non-motor symptoms (NMSS score: β = -4.78, p = 0.030, interaction ptime × genotype < 0.001). Conclusion Our findings support HLA-DRB1 rs660895-G allele is a protective genetic factor for PD risk in Chinese population. Furthermore, we also provide new evidence for the protective effect of rs660895-G allele in PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoli He
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaodong Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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30
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Williams GP, Michaelis T, Lima-Junior JR, Frazier A, Tran NK, Phillips EJ, Mallal SA, Litvan I, Goldman JG, Alcalay RN, Sidney J, Sulzer D, Sette A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS. PINK1 is a target of T cell responses in Parkinson's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.09.579465. [PMID: 38405939 PMCID: PMC10888789 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.09.579465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with autoimmune T cells that recognize the protein alpha-synuclein in a subset of individuals. Multiple neuroantigens are targets of autoinflammatory T cells in classical central nervous system autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we explored whether additional autoantigenic targets of T cells in PD. We generated 15-mer peptide pools spanning several PD-related proteins implicated in PD pathology, including GBA, SOD1, PINK1, parkin, OGDH, and LRRK2. Cytokine production (IFNγ, IL-5, IL-10) against these proteins was measured using a fluorospot assay and PBMCs from patients with PD and age-matched healthy controls. This approach identified unique epitopes and their HLA restriction from the mitochondrial-associated protein PINK1, a regulator of mitochondrial stability, as an autoantigen targeted by T cells. The T cell reactivity was predominantly found in male patients with PD, which may contribute to the heterogeneity of PD. Identifying and characterizing PINK1 and other autoinflammatory targets may lead to antigen-specific diagnostics, progression markers, and/or novel therapeutic strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Williams
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Tanner Michaelis
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - April Frazier
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ngan K Tran
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Simon A Mallal
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Goldman
- JPG Enterprises LLC; prior: Shirley Ryan AbilityLab and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, USA; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - John Sidney
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University; New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA
| | - Cecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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31
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Manchinu MF, Pala M, Palmas MF, Diana MA, Maschio A, Etzi M, Pisanu A, Diana FI, Marongiu J, Mansueto S, Carboni E, Fusco G, De Simone A, Carta AR. Region-specific changes in gene expression are associated with cognitive deficits in the alpha-synuclein-induced model of Parkinson's disease: A transcriptomic profiling study. Exp Neurol 2024; 372:114651. [PMID: 38092188 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common trait of Parkinson's disease (PD), often associated with early motor deficits, eventually evolving to PD with dementia in later disease stages. The neuropathological substrate of MCI is poorly understood, which weakens the development and administration of proper therapies. In an α-synuclein (αSyn)-based model of PD featuring early motor and cognitive impairments, we investigated the transcriptome profile of brain regions involved in PD with cognitive deficits, via a transcriptomic analysis based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. Rats infused in the substantia nigra with human α-synuclein oligomers (H-SynOs) developed mild cognitive deficits after three months, as measured by the two-trial recognition test in a Y-maze and the novel object recognition test. RNA-seq analysis showed that 17,436 genes were expressed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and 17,216 genes in the hippocampus (HC). In the ACC, 51 genes were differentially expressed between vehicle and H-αSynOs treated samples, which showed N= 21 upregulated and N = 30 downregulated genes. In the HC, 104 genes were differentially expressed, the majority of them not overlapping with DEGs in the ACC, with N = 41 upregulated and N = 63 downregulated in H-αSynOs-treated samples. The Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, followed by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network inspection of DEGs, revealed that in the ACC most enriched terms were related with immune functions, specifically with antigen processing/presentation via the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and phagocytosis via CD68, supporting a role for dysregulated immune responses in early PD cognitive dysfunction. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the decreased expression of CD68 within microglial cells. In contrast, the most significantly enriched terms in the HC were mainly involved in mitochondrial homeostasis, potassium voltage-gated channel, cytoskeleton and fiber organisation, suggesting that the gene expression in the neuronal population was mostly affected in this region in early disease stages. Altogether results show that H-αSynOs trigger a region-specific dysregulation of gene expression in ACC and HC, providing a pathological substrate for MCI associated with early PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Pala
- National Research Council, Biomedical and Genetic Research Institute, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Antonietta Diana
- National Research Council, Biomedical and Genetic Research Institute, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Maschio
- National Research Council, Biomedical and Genetic Research Institute, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michela Etzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Augusta Pisanu
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Marongiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Mansueto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ezio Carboni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09040 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Fusco
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna R Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09040 Cagliari, Italy.
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Stoll AC, Kemp CJ, Patterson JR, Howe JW, Steece-Collier K, Luk KC, Sortwell CE, Benskey MJ. Neuroinflammatory gene expression profiles of reactive glia in the substantia nigra suggest a multidimensional immune response to alpha synuclein inclusions. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106411. [PMID: 38228253 PMCID: PMC10869642 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology is characterized by alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and neuroinflammation. The presence of reactive glia correlates with deposition of pathological α-syn in early-stage PD. Thus, understanding the neuroinflammatory response of microglia and astrocytes to synucleinopathy may identify therapeutic targets. Here we characterized the neuroinflammatory gene expression profile of reactive microglia and astrocytes in the SNpc during early synucleinopathy in the rat α-syn pre-formed fibril (PFF) model. Rats received intrastriatal injection of α-syn PFFs and expression of immune genes was quantified with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), after which fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to localize gene expression to microglia or astrocytes in the SNpc. Genes previously associated with reactive microglia (Cd74, C1qa, Stat1, Axl, Casp1, Il18, Lyz2) and reactive astrocytes (C3, Gbp2, Serping1) were significantly upregulated in the SN of PFF injected rats. Localization of gene expression to SNpc microglia near α-syn aggregates identified a unique α-syn aggregate microglial gene expression profile characterized by upregulation of Cd74, Cxcl10, Rt-1a2, Grn, Csf1r, Tyrobp, C3, C1qa, Serping1 and Fcer1g. Importantly, significant microglial upregulation of Cd74 and C3 were only observed following injection of α-syn PFFs, not α-syn monomer, confirming specificity to α-syn aggregation. Serping1 expression also localized to astrocytes in the SNpc. Interestingly, C3 expression in the SNpc localized to microglia at 2- and 4-months post-PFF, but to astrocytes at 6-months post-PFF. We also observed expression of Rt1-a2 and Cxcl10 in SNpc dopamine neurons. Cumulatively our results identify a dynamic, yet reproducible gene expression profile of reactive microglia and astrocytes associated with early synucleinopathy in the rat SNpc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Stoll
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Joseph R Patterson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jacob W Howe
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caryl E Sortwell
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew J Benskey
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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Hobson R, Levy SH, Flaherty D, Xiao H, Ciener B, Reddy H, Singal C, Kim CY, Teich AF, Shneider NA, Bradshaw EM, Elyaman W. Clonal CD8 T Cells Accumulate in the Leptomeninges and Communicate with Microglia in Human Neurodegeneration. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3755733. [PMID: 38343836 PMCID: PMC10854309 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3755733/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Murine studies have highlighted a crucial role for immune cells in the meninges in surveilling the central nervous system (CNS) and influencing neuroinflammation. However, how meningeal immunity is altered in human neurodegeneration and its effects on CNS inflammation is understudied. We performed the first single-cell analysis of the transcriptomes and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of 104,635 immune cells from 55 postmortem human brain and leptomeningeal tissues from donors with neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. RNA and TCR sequencing from paired leptomeninges and brain allowed us to perform lineage tracing to identify the spatial trajectory of clonal T cells in the CNS and its borders. We propose that T cells activated in the brain emigrate to and establish residency in the leptomeninges where they likely contribute to impairments in lymphatic drainage and remotely to CNS inflammation by producing IFNγ and other cytokines. We identified regulatory networks local to the meninges including NK cell-mediated CD8 T cell killing which likely help to control meningeal inflammation. Collectively, these findings provide not only a foundation for future studies into brain border immune surveillance but also highlight important intercellular dynamics that could be leveraged to modulate neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hobson
- Division of Translational Neurobiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Samuel H.S. Levy
- Division of Translational Neurobiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Delaney Flaherty
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Harrison Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Benjamin Ciener
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Hasini Reddy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Chitra Singal
- Division of Translational Neurobiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christine Y. Kim
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andrew F. Teich
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Neil A. Shneider
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The Eleanor and Lou Gehrig ALS Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA
- The Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Bradshaw
- Division of Translational Neurobiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The Carol and Gene Ludwig Center for Research on Neurodegeneration, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wassim Elyaman
- Division of Translational Neurobiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA
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34
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Morris HR, Spillantini MG, Sue CM, Williams-Gray CH. The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Lancet 2024; 403:293-304. [PMID: 38245249 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative condition associated with the deposition of aggregated α-synuclein. Insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease have been derived from genetics and molecular pathology. Biochemical studies, investigation of transplanted neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease, and cell and animal model studies suggest that abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein and spreading of pathology between the gut, brainstem, and higher brain regions probably underlie the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. At a cellular level, abnormal mitochondrial, lysosomal, and endosomal function can be identified in both monogenic and sporadic Parkinson's disease, suggesting multiple potential treatment approaches. Recent work has also highlighted maladaptive immune and inflammatory responses, possibly triggered in the gut, that accelerate the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Although there are currently no disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease, we now have a solid basis for the development of rational neuroprotective therapies that we hope will halt the progression of this disabling neurological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; University College London Movement Disorders Centre, University College London, London, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Maria Grazia Spillantini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neurology, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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35
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Whittle BJ, Izuogu OG, Lowes H, Deen D, Pyle A, Coxhead J, Lawson RA, Yarnall AJ, Jackson MS, Santibanez-Koref M, Hudson G. Early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease is associated with reduced circular RNA expression. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38245550 PMCID: PMC10799891 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) precedes diagnosis by years. Early neurodegeneration may be reflected in RNA levels and measurable as a biomarker. Here, we present the largest quantification of whole blood linear and circular RNAs (circRNA) in early-stage idiopathic PD, using RNA sequencing data from two cohorts (PPMI = 259 PD, 161 Controls; ICICLE-PD = 48 PD, 48 Controls). We identified a replicable increase in TMEM252 and LMNB1 gene expression in PD. We identified novel differences in the expression of circRNAs from ESYT2, BMS1P1 and CCDC9, and replicated trends of previously reported circRNAs. Overall, using circRNA as a diagnostic biomarker in PD did not show any clear improvement over linear RNA, minimising its potential clinical utility. More interestingly, we observed a general reduction in circRNA expression in both PD cohorts, accompanied by an increase in RNASEL expression. This imbalance implicates the activation of an innate antiviral immune response and suggests a previously unknown aspect of circRNA regulation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Whittle
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Osagie G Izuogu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Hannah Lowes
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dasha Deen
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Angela Pyle
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jon Coxhead
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachael A Lawson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alison J Yarnall
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael S Jackson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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36
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Pike SC, Havrda M, Gilli F, Zhang Z, Salas LA. Immunological shifts during early-stage Parkinson's disease identified with DNA methylation data on longitudinally collected blood samples. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:21. [PMID: 38212355 PMCID: PMC10784484 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the United States. Decades before motor symptoms manifest, non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder are highly predictive of PD. Previous immune profiling studies have identified alterations to the proportions of immune cells in the blood of clinically defined PD patients. However, it remains unclear if these phenotypes manifest before the clinical diagnosis of PD. We utilized longitudinal DNA methylation (DNAm) microarray data from the Parkinson's Progression Marker's Initiative (PPMI) to perform immune profiling in clinically defined PD and prodromal PD patients (Prod). We identified previously reported changes in neutrophil, monocyte, and T cell numbers in PD patients. Additionally, we noted previously unrecognized decreases in the naive B cell compartment in the defined PD and Prod patient group. Over time, we observed the proportion of innate immune cells in PD blood increased, but the proportion of adaptive immune cells decreased. We identified decreases in T and B cell subsets associated with REM sleep disturbances and early cognitive decline. Lastly, we identified increases in B memory cells associated with both genetic (LRRK2 genotype) and infectious (cytomegalovirus seropositivity) risk factors of PD. Our analysis shows that the peripheral immune system is dynamic as the disease progresses. The study provides a platform to understand how and when peripheral immune alterations occur in PD and whether intervention at particular stages may be therapeutically advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Pike
- Integrative Neuroscience at Dartmouth, Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Matthew Havrda
- Integrative Neuroscience at Dartmouth, Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Francesca Gilli
- Integrative Neuroscience at Dartmouth, Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Integrative Neuroscience at Dartmouth, Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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37
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Di Lazzaro G, Picca A, Boldrini S, Bove F, Marzetti E, Petracca M, Piano C, Bentivoglio AR, Calabresi P. Differential profiles of serum cytokines in Parkinson's disease according to disease duration. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 190:106371. [PMID: 38061398 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation are two intertwined mechanisms contributing to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Whether circulating biomarkers reflecting those two processes differ according to disease duration remains to be established. The present study was conducted to characterize the biomarkers individuals with PD with short (≤5 years) or long disease duration (>5 years). METHODS We consecutively enrolled 104 patients with Parkinson's disease and evaluated them using validated clinical scales (MDS-UPDRS, Hoehn and Yahr staging, MMSE). Serum samples were assayed for the following biomarkers: neurofilament light chain (NfL), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin (IL-) 1β, 4, 5, 6, 10, 17, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor α. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 66.0 ± 9.6 years and 45 (34%) were women. The average disease duration was 8 ± 5 years (range 1 to 19 years). Patients with short disease duration (≤ 5 years) showed a pro-inflammatory profile, with significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and lower concentrations of IL-5, IL-10 and IL-17 (p < 0.05). NfL serum levels showed a positive correlation with disease duration and age (respectively rho = 0.248, p = 0.014 and rho = 0.559, p < 0.001) while an opposite pattern was detected for BDNF (respectively rho -0,187, p = 0.034 and rho = -0.245, p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory status may be observed in PD patients in the early phases of the disease, independently from age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Lazzaro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Bove
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Petracca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Piano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bentivoglio
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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38
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Fredlund F, Jimenez-Ferrer I, Grabert K, Belfiori LF, Luk K, Swanberg M. Ciita Regulates Local and Systemic Immune Responses in a Combined rAAV-α-synuclein and Preformed Fibril-Induced Rat Model for Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:693-711. [PMID: 38728204 PMCID: PMC11191526 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-240062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants associated with PD and α-Syn specific CD4+ T lymphocytes in PD patients highlight the importance of antigen presentation in PD etiology. The class II transactivator (CIITA) regulates major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) expression. Reduced Ciita levels significantly increase α-Syn pathology, nigrostriatal neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits in α-Syn-induced rat PD models. Objective Characterize immune profiles associated with enhanced PD-like pathology observed in rats expressing lower Ciita levels (DA.VRA4) compared to the background strain (DA). Methods To model PD, we combined rAAV-mediated α-Syn overexpression in the substantia nigra with striatal injection of α-Syn preformed fibrils. Immune profiles in brain and blood were analyzed by flow cytometry and multiplexed ELISA in naïve rats, 4- and 8 weeks post rAAV injection. Results Flow cytometry showed Ciita-dependent regulation of MHCII on microglia, brain macrophages and circulating myeloid cells. The MHCII-dependent microglial response was highest at 4 weeks post rAAV injection, whereas the MHCII levels in circulating myeloid cells was highest at 8 weeks. There was no major infiltration of macrophages or T lymphocytes into the CNS in response to α-Syn and only subtle Ciita- and/or α-Syn-dependent changes in the T lymphocyte compartment. Lower Ciita levels were consistently associated with higher TNF levels in serum. Conclusions Ciita regulates susceptibility to PD-like pathology through minor but detectable changes in resident and peripheral immune cells and TNF levels, indicating that mild immunomodulatory therapies could have therapeutic effects in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Fredlund
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Inflammation and Stem Cell Therapy Group, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Itzia Jimenez-Ferrer
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathleen Grabert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Toxicology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lautaro Francisco Belfiori
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kelvin Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Swanberg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Translational Neurogenetics Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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39
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Gopinath A, Ramirez-Zamora A, Franks S, Riaz T, Smith A, Dizon G, Hornstein L, Follett J, Swartz C, Bravo J, Kugelmann EL, Farrer M, Okun MS, Khoshbouei H. Immunophenotyping Tracks Motor Progression in Parkinson's Disease Associated with a TH Mutation. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:883-888. [PMID: 38788089 PMCID: PMC11191508 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-240030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with genetic factors accounting for about 15% of cases. There is a significant challenge in tracking disease progression and treatment response, crucial for developing new therapies. Traditional methods like imaging, clinical monitoring, and biomarker analysis have not conclusively tracked disease progression or treatment response in PD. Our previous research indicated that PD patients with increased dopamine transporter (DAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) might show disease progression and respond to levodopa treatment. Objective This study evaluates whether DAT- and TH-expressing PBMCs can monitor motor progression in a PD patient with a heterozygous TH mutation. Methods We conducted a longitudinal follow-up of a 46-year-old female PD patient with a TH mutation, assessing her clinical features over 18 months through DaT scans and PBMC immunophenotyping. This was compared with idiopathic PD patients (130 subjects) and healthy controls (80 age/sex-matched individuals). Results We found an increase in DAT+ immune cells concurrent with worsening motor scores (UPDRS-III). Following levodopa therapy, unlike idiopathic PD patients, TH+ immune cell levels in this patient remained high even as her motor scores improved. Conclusions Longitudinal immunophenotyping in this PD patient suggests DAT+ and TH+ PBMCs as potential biomarkers for tracking PD progression and treatment efficacy, supporting further exploration of this approach in PD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Franks
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tabish Riaz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aidan Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Glen Dizon
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lauryn Hornstein
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jordan Follett
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Camille Swartz
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Bravo
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - E. Lee Kugelmann
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Farrer
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael S. Okun
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Zhang N, Yan Z, Xin H, Shao S, Xue S, Cespuglio R, Wang S. Relationship among α‑synuclein, aging and inflammation in Parkinson's disease (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:23. [PMID: 38125364 PMCID: PMC10728906 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative pathology whose major clinical symptoms are movement disorders. The main pathological characteristics of PD are the selective death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies containing α-synuclein (α-Syn) within these neurons. PD is associated with numerous risk factors, including environmental factors, genetic mutations and aging. In many cases, the complex interplay of numerous risk factors leads to the onset of PD. The mutated α-Syn gene, which expresses pathologicalα-Syn protein, can cause PD. Another important feature of PD is neuroinflammation, which is conducive to neuronal death. α-Syn is able to interact with certain cell types in the brain, including through phagocytosis and degradation of α-Syn by glial cells, activation of inflammatory pathways by α-Syn in glial cells, transmission of α-Syn between glial cells and neurons, and interactions between peripheral immune cells and α-Syn. In addition to the aforementioned risk factors, PD may also be associated with aging, as the prevalence of PD increases with advancing age. The aging process impairs the cellular clearance mechanism, which leads to chronic inflammation and the accumulation of intracellular α-Syn, which results in DA neuronal death. In the present review, the age-associated α-Syn pathogenicity and the interactions between α-Syn and certain types of cells within the brain are discussed to facilitate understanding of the mechanisms of PD pathogenesis, which may potentially provide insight for the future clinical treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianping Zhang
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoli Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xin
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jingmen People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Raymond Cespuglio
- Neuroscience Research Center of Lyon (CNRL), Claude-Bernard Lyon-1 University, 69500 Lyon, France
| | - Shijun Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
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Festa LK, Grinspan JB, Jordan-Sciutto KL. White matter injury across neurodegenerative disease. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:47-57. [PMID: 38052682 PMCID: PMC10842057 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelin-generating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are active players in shaping neuronal circuitry and function. It has become increasingly apparent that injury to cells within the OL lineage plays a central role in neurodegeneration. In this review, we focus primarily on three degenerative disorders in which white matter loss is well documented: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We discuss clinical data implicating white matter injury as a key feature of these disorders, as well as shared and divergent phenotypes between them. We examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the alterations to OLs, including chronic neuroinflammation, aggregation of proteins, lipid dysregulation, and organellar stress. Last, we highlight prospects for therapeutic intervention targeting the OL lineage to restore function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Festa
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Judith B Grinspan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelly L Jordan-Sciutto
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Wang M, Sun F, Han X, Wang N, Liu Y, Cai J, Tong S, Wang R, Wang H. Astragaloside IV Inhibits Rotenone-Induced α-syn Presentation and the CD4 T-Cell Immune Response. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:252-265. [PMID: 37603153 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The increased α-synuclein (α-syn)-dependent activation of CD4 T cells leads to the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) protects DA neurons against neuroinflammation. The effects of AS-IV on CD4 T-cell-mediated immune responses in PD remain unknown. Rotenone (ROT) injected unilaterally into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of rats induced PD. AS-IV (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 14 days. The limb hanging test and rotarod test were performed to evaluate the alteration of behavior at 4 and 6 weeks. Total gastrointestinal transit tests were performed at 4 weeks. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of proinflammatory cytokine proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to test the expression and localization of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII), cleaved caspase-1 and α-syn in astrocytes. Flow cytometry analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to measure the expression of CD4 T-cell subsets in the SN. The application of AS-IV protected against the loss of DA neurons and behavioral deficits in ROT-induced PD rat models. AS-IV administration inhibited the aggregation of α-syn in DA neurons and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-18, IL-6 and IL-1β. AS-IV decreased the activation of CD4 T cells and three CD4 T-cell subsets: Tfh, Treg and Th1. AS-IV interrupted the ROT-induced interaction between astrocytes and CD4 T cells and the colocalization of MHCII and α-syn in astrocytes. AS-IV inhibited the expression of α-syn in astrocytes and the colocalization of α-syn and cleaved caspase-1 in astrocytes. AS-IV prevents the loss of DA neurons in PD by inhibiting the activation of α-syn-specific CD4 T cells, which is regulated by MHCII-mediated antigen presentation in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Jinfeng Cai
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Hongcai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, the 2nd Yellow River Road, Shandong Province, 256603, Binzhou City, China.
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Saramowicz K, Siwecka N, Galita G, Kucharska-Lusina A, Rozpędek-Kamińska W, Majsterek I. Alpha-Synuclein Contribution to Neuronal and Glial Damage in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:360. [PMID: 38203531 PMCID: PMC10778752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the widespread accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) protein aggregates. αSyn aggregation disrupts critical cellular processes, including synaptic function, mitochondrial integrity, and proteostasis, which culminate in neuronal cell death. Importantly, αSyn pathology extends beyond neurons-it also encompasses spreading throughout the neuronal environment and internalization by microglia and astrocytes. Once internalized, glia can act as neuroprotective scavengers, which limit the spread of αSyn. However, they can also become reactive, thereby contributing to neuroinflammation and the progression of PD. Recent advances in αSyn research have enabled the molecular diagnosis of PD and accelerated the development of targeted therapies. Nevertheless, despite more than two decades of research, the cellular function, aggregation mechanisms, and induction of cellular damage by αSyn remain incompletely understood. Unraveling the interplay between αSyn, neurons, and glia may provide insights into disease initiation and progression, which may bring us closer to exploring new effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, we provide an overview of recent studies emphasizing the multifaceted nature of αSyn and its impact on both neuron and glial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.S.); (N.S.); (G.G.); (A.K.-L.); (W.R.-K.)
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Chen L, Xin G, He Y, Tian Q, Kong X, Fu Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Wang L. Study of molecular patterns associated with ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and its immune signature. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295699. [PMID: 38127902 PMCID: PMC10734959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. We downloaded data on Parkinson's disease and Ferroptosis-related genes from the GEO and FerrDb databases. We used WCGAN and Random Forest algorithm to screen out five Parkinson's disease ferroptosis-related hub genes. Two genes were identified for the first time as possibly playing a role in Braak staging progression. Unsupervised clustering analysis based on hub genes yielded ferroptosis isoforms, and immune infiltration analysis indicated that these isoforms are associated with immune cells and may represent different immune patterns. FRHGs scores were obtained to quantify the level of ferroptosis modifications in each individual. In addition, differences in interleukin expression were found between the two ferroptosis subtypes. The biological functions involved in the hub gene are analyzed. The ceRNA regulatory network of hub genes was mapped. The disease classification diagnosis model and risk prediction model were also constructed by applying hub genes based on logistic regression. Multiple external datasets validated the hub gene and classification diagnostic model with some accuracy. This study explored hub genes associated with ferroptosis in Parkinson's disease and their molecular patterns and immune signatures to provide new ideas for finding new targets for intervention and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guanghao Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yijie He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The 962 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanchi Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
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Xin G, Niu J, Tian Q, Fu Y, Chen L, Yi T, Tian K, Sun X, Wang N, Wang J, Zhang H, Wang L. Identification of potential immune-related hub genes in Parkinson's disease based on machine learning and development and validation of a diagnostic classification model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294984. [PMID: 38051734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. However, current diagnostic methods are still limited, and available treatments can only mitigate the symptoms of the disease, not reverse it at the root. The immune function has been identified as playing a role in PD, but the exact mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to search for potential immune-related hub genes in Parkinson's disease, find relevant immune infiltration patterns, and develop a categorical diagnostic model. METHODS We downloaded the GSE8397 dataset from the GEO database, which contains gene expression microarray data for 15 healthy human SN samples and 24 PD patient SN samples. Screening for PD-related DEGs using WGCNA and differential expression analysis. These PD-related DEGs were analyzed for GO and KEGG enrichment. Subsequently, hub genes (dld, dlk1, iars and ttd19) were screened by LASSO and mSVM-RFE machine learning algorithms. We used the ssGSEA algorithm to calculate and evaluate the differences in nigrostriatal immune cell types in the GSE8397 dataset. The association between dld, dlk1, iars and ttc19 and 28 immune cells was investigated. Using the GSEA and GSVA algorithms, we analyzed the biological functions associated with immune-related hub genes. Establishment of a ceRNA regulatory network for immune-related hub genes. Finally, a logistic regression model was used to develop a PD classification diagnostic model, and the accuracy of the model was verified in three independent data sets. The three independent datasets are GES49036 (containing 8 healthy human nigrostriatal tissue samples and 15 PD patient nigrostriatal tissue samples), GSE20292 (containing 18 healthy human nigrostriatal tissue samples and 11 PD patient nigrostriatal tissue samples) and GSE7621 (containing 9 healthy human nigrostriatal tissue samples and 16 PD patient nigrostriatal tissue samples). RESULTS Ultimately, we screened for four immune-related Parkinson's disease hub genes. Among them, the AUC values of dlk1, dld and ttc19 in GSE8397 and three other independent external datasets were all greater than 0.7, indicating that these three genes have a certain level of accuracy. The iars gene had an AUC value greater than 0.7 in GES8397 and one independent external data while the AUC values in the other two independent external data sets ranged between 0.5 and 0.7. These results suggest that iars also has some research value. We successfully constructed a categorical diagnostic model based on these four immune-related Parkinson's disease hub genes, and the AUC values of the joint diagnostic model were greater than 0.9 in both GSE8397 and three independent external datasets. These results indicate that the categorical diagnostic model has a good ability to distinguish between healthy individuals and Parkinson's disease patients. In addition, ceRNA networks reveal complex regulatory relationships based on immune-related hub genes. CONCLUSION In this study, four immune-related PD hub genes (dld, dlk1, iars and ttd19) were obtained. A reliable diagnostic model for PD classification was developed. This study provides algorithmic-level support to explore the immune-related mechanisms of PD and the prediction of immune-related drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Xin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingyan Niu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The 962 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanchi Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tingting Yi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kuo Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, City Harbin, Province Heilongjiang, China
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Sampson T. Microbial amyloids in neurodegenerative amyloid diseases. FEBS J 2023:10.1111/febs.17023. [PMID: 38041542 PMCID: PMC11144261 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Human-disease associated amyloidogenic proteins are not unique in their ability to form amyloid fibrillar structures. Numerous microbes produce amyloidogenic proteins that have distinct functions for their physiology in their amyloid form, rather than solely detrimental. Emerging data indicate associations between various microbial organisms, including those which produce functional amyloids, with neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review some of the evidence suggesting that microbial amyloids impact amyloid disease in host organisms. Experimental data are building a foundation for continued lines of enquiry and suggest that that direct or indirect interactions between microbial and host amyloids may be a contributor to amyloid pathologies. Inhibiting microbial amyloids or their interactions with the host may therefore represent a tangible target to limit various amyloid pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Sampson
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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Gericke C, Kirabali T, Flury R, Mallone A, Rickenbach C, Kulic L, Tosevski V, Hock C, Nitsch RM, Treyer V, Ferretti MT, Gietl A. Early β-amyloid accumulation in the brain is associated with peripheral T cell alterations. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5642-5662. [PMID: 37314431 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fast and minimally invasive approaches for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are highly anticipated. Evidence of adaptive immune cells responding to cerebral β-amyloidosis has raised the question of whether immune markers could be used as proxies for β-amyloid accumulation in the brain. METHODS Here, we apply multidimensional mass-cytometry combined with unbiased machine-learning techniques to immunophenotype peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a total of 251 participants in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. RESULTS We show that increases in antigen-experienced adaptive immune cells in the blood, particularly CD45RA-reactivated T effector memory (TEMRA) cells, are associated with early accumulation of brain β-amyloid and with changes in plasma AD biomarkers in still cognitively healthy subjects. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that preclinical AD pathology is linked to systemic alterations of the adaptive immune system. These immunophenotype changes may help identify and develop novel diagnostic tools for early AD assessment and better understand clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gericke
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Tunahan Kirabali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Roman Flury
- Institute of Mathematics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Mallone
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETHZ, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Rickenbach
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Luka Kulic
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vinko Tosevski
- Mass Cytometry Facility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Center for Prevention and Dementia Therapy, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neurimmune AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Roger M Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neurimmune AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Treyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Center for Prevention and Dementia Therapy, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Teresa Ferretti
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Women's Brain Project, Guntershausen, Switzerland
| | - Anton Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine - IREM, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Center for Prevention and Dementia Therapy, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), Zurich, Switzerland
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Srivastava P, Nishiyama S, Zhou F, Lin SH, Srivastava A, Su C, Xu Y, Peng W, Levy M, Schwarzschild M, Chen X. Peripheral MC1R Activation Modulates Immune Responses and is Neuroprotective in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:704-717. [PMID: 38110615 PMCID: PMC10769915 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is a key pigmentation gene, and loss-of-function of MC1R variants that produce red hair may be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously reported compromised dopaminergic neuron survival in Mc1r mutant mice and dopaminergic neuroprotective effects of local injection of a MC1R agonist to the brain or a systemically administered MC1R agonist with appreciable central nervous system (CNS) permeability. Beyond melanocytes and dopaminergic neurons, MC1R is expressed in other peripheral tissues and cell types, including immune cells. The present study investigates the impact of NDP-MSH, a synthetic melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist that does not cross BBB, on the immune system and the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in mouse model of PD. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were treated systemically with MPTP.HCl (20 mg/kg) and LPS (1 mg/kg) from day 1 to day 4 and NDP-MSH (400 µg/kg) or vehicle from day 1 to day 12 following which the mice were sacrificed. Peripheral and CNS immune cells were phenotyped and inflammatory markers were measured. The nigrostriatal dopaminergic system was assessed behaviorally, chemically, immunologically, and pathologically. To understand the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in this model, CD25 monoclonal antibody was used to deplete CD25 + Tregs. RESULTS Systemic NDP-MSH administration significantly attenuated striatal dopamine depletion and nigral dopaminergic neuron loss induced by MPTP + LPS. It improved the behavioral outcomes in the pole test. Mc1r mutant mice injected with NDP-MSH in the MPTP and LPS paradigm showed no changes in striatal dopamine levels suggesting that the NDP-MSH acts through the MC1R pathway. Although no NDP-MSH was detected in the brain, peripheral, NDP-MSH attenuated neuroinflammation as observed by diminished microglial activation in the nigral region, along with reduced TNF-α and IL1β levels in the ventral midbrain. Depletion of Tregs was associated with diminished neuroprotective effects of NDP-MSH. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that peripherally acting NDP-MSH confers protection on dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons and reduces hyperactivated microglia. NDP-MSH modulates peripheral immune responses, and Tregs may be involved in the neuroprotective effect of NDP-MSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Srivastava
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Shuhei Nishiyama
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Fang Zhou
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Sonia H Lin
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Akriti Srivastava
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Chienwen Su
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Yuehang Xu
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Levy
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Michael Schwarzschild
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Xiqun Chen
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Puk O, Jabłońska M, Sokal P. Immunomodulatory and endocrine effects of deep brain stimulation and spinal cord stimulation - A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115732. [PMID: 37862972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) represent burgeoning treatments for diverse neurological disorders. This systematic review aims to consolidate findings on the immunological and endocrine effects of DBS and SCS, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms of neuromodulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review, aligned with PRISMA protocols, synthesizes findings from 33 references-20 on DBS and 13 on SCS-to unravel the immunological and endocrine impacts of neuromodulation. RESULTS DBS interventions exhibited divergent effects on cytokines, with an increase in hepcidin levels and a variable impact on the IL-6/IL-10 ratio. While some studies reported elevated IL-6, animal studies consistently demonstrated a reduction in IL-1β and IL-6, with no significant changes in TNF-α and an increase in IL-10. Noteworthy hormonal changes included decreased corticosterone and ACTH concentrations and increased oxytocin levels following DBS of the hypothalamus. SCS mirrored similar effects on interleukins, indicating a reduction in IL-6 and IL-1β and an increase in IL-10 levels. Additionally, SCS led to reduced VEGF levels and elevated expression of neurotrophic factors such as BDNF and GDNF, particularly under burst stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Both DBS and SCS exert anti-inflammatory effects, manifesting as a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines alongside the stimulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine synthesis. These findings, observed in both animal and human models, imply that neurostimulation may modify the trajectory of neurological diseases by modulating local immune responses in an immunomodulatory and endocrine manner. This comprehensive exploration sets the stage for future research endeavors in this evolving domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Puk
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jabłońska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Sokal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Cossu D, Hatano T, Hattori N. The Role of Immune Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16766. [PMID: 38069088 PMCID: PMC10706591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has unveiled intriguing insights suggesting that the body's immune system may be implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) development. Studies have observed disparities in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers between PD patients and healthy individuals. This finding underscores the potential influence of immune system dysfunction in the genesis of this condition. A dysfunctional immune system can serve as a primary catalyst for systemic inflammation in the body, which may contribute to the emergence of various brain disorders. The identification of several genes associated with PD, as well as their connection to neuroinflammation, raises the likelihood of disease susceptibility. Moreover, advancing age and mitochondrial dysfunction can weaken the immune system, potentially implicating them in the onset of the disease, particularly among older individuals. Compromised integrity of the blood-brain barrier could facilitate the immune system's access to brain tissue. This exposure may lead to encounters with native antigens or infections, potentially triggering an autoimmune response. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence supporting the notion that gut dysbiosis might represent an initial trigger for brain inflammation, ultimately promoting neurodegeneration. In this comprehensive review, we will delve into the numerous hypotheses surrounding the role of both innate and adaptive immunity in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo 1138431, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sassari University, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo 1138431, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo 1138431, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 3510918, Japan
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