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Niu S, Yu L, Li J, Qu L, Wang Z, Li G, Guo J, Lu D. Effect of high temperature on maize yield and grain components: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 952:175898. [PMID: 39222820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Global warming poses a significant challenge to global food security, with maize playing a vital role as a staple crop in ensuring food availability worldwide. Therefore, investigating the impact of high temperature (HT) on maize cultivation is imperative for addressing food security concerns. Despite numerous studies exploring the effects of HT on maize growth and yield, a comprehensive understanding of these effects remains elusive due to variations in experimental environments, varieties, and growth stages. To solve these limitations, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of HT on maize yield and grain components, synthesizing data from 575 observations across 34 studies. The findings indicate that 1) HT significantly reduced grain yield by 32.7-40.9 % and grain starch content by 2.8-10.5 %; 2) the vicinity of kernel development stage (include silking, blister, milk) is the period when maize kernels are most sensitive to HT; 3) a significant negative correlation was observed between HT degree and their impact on grain yield (R2 = 0.38, P = 0.043); and 4) the effects of HT days and degrees on maize yield were equally important. In conclusion, this meta-analysis establishes a theoretical framework for enhancing the resilience of maize production and cultivation practices by comprehensively evaluating the impact of HT on yield and grain components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiduo Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Linyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lingling Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Zitao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Guanghao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Dalei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern, Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Wang F, Li Y, Yuan J, Li C, Lin Y, Gu J, Wang ZY. The U1 small nuclear RNA enhances drought tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:1126-1146. [PMID: 39067058 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is an important posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism that improves plant tolerance to drought stress by modulating gene expression and generating proteome diversity. The interaction between the 5' end of U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA) and the conserved 5' splice site of precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is pivotal for U1 snRNP involvement in AS. However, the roles of U1 snRNA in drought stress responses remain unclear. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of AtU1 snRNA in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), revealing its high conservation at the 5' end and a distinctive four-leaf clover structure. AtU1 snRNA is localized in the nucleus and expressed in various tissues, with prominent expression in young floral buds, flowers, and siliques. The overexpression of AtU1 snRNA confers enhanced abiotic stress tolerance, as evidenced in seedlings by longer seedling primary root length, increased fresh weight, and a higher greening rate compared with the wild-type. Mature AtU1 snRNA overexpressor plants exhibit higher survival rates and lower water loss rates under drought stress, accompanied by a significant decrease in H2O2 and an increase in proline. This study also provides evidence of altered expression levels of drought-related genes in AtU1 snRNA overexpressor or genome-edited lines, reinforcing the crucial role of AtU1 snRNA in drought stress responses. Furthermore, the overexpression of AtU1 snRNA influences the splicing of downstream target genes, with a notable impact on SPEECHLESS (SPCH), a gene associated with stomatal development, potentially explaining the observed decrease in stomatal aperture and density. These findings elucidate the critical role of U1 snRNA as an AS regulator in enhancing drought stress tolerance in plants, contributing to a deeper understanding of the AS pathway in drought tolerance and increasing awareness of the molecular network governing drought tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
- Zhanjiang Research Center, Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang 524300, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianbo Yuan
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Li
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
- Zhanjiang Research Center, Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang 524300, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
- Zhanjiang Research Center, Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang 524300, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Institute of Nanfan and Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, Guangdong, China
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Zhang H, Jiang X, Zhu L, Liu L, Liao Z, Du B. A Preliminary Study on the Whole-Plant Regulations of the Shrub Campylotropis polyantha in Response to Hostile Dryland Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 39330502 PMCID: PMC11433755 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drylands cover more than 40% of global land surface and will continue to expand by 10% at the end of this century. Understanding the resistance mechanisms of native species is of particular importance for vegetation restoration and management in drylands. In the present study, metabolome of a dominant shrub Campylotropis polyantha in a dry-hot valley were investigated. Compared to plants grown at the wetter site, C. polyantha tended to slow down carbon (C) assimilation to prevent water loss concurrent with low foliar reactive oxygen species and sugar concentrations at the drier and hotter site. Nitrogen (N) assimilation and turn over were stimulated under stressful conditions and higher leaf N content was kept at the expense of root N pools. At the drier site, roots contained more water but less N compounds derived from the citric acid cycle. The site had little effect on metabolites partitioning between leaves and roots. Generally, roots contained more C but less N. Aromatic compounds were differently impacted by site conditions. The present study, for the first time, uncovers the apparent metabolic adaptations of C. polyantha to hostile dryland conditions. However, due to the limited number of samples, we are cautious about drawing general conclusions regarding the resistance mechanisms. Further studies with a broader spatial range and larger time scale are therefore recommended to provide more robust information for vegetation restoration and management in dryland areas under a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- College of Urban and Rural Development and Planning, Mianyang Normal University, Xianren Road 30, Mianyang 621000, China;
| | - Xue Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China;
| | - Lijun Zhu
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China; (L.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China; (L.Z.); (L.L.)
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Zhengqiao Liao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China; (L.Z.); (L.L.)
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China; (L.Z.); (L.L.)
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang 621000, China
- Chair of Ecosystem Physiology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Andrade A, Escalante M, Ramírez F, Vigliocco A, Alemano S. Phytohormones and related genes function as physiological and molecular switches regulating water stress response in the sunflower. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:1277-1295. [PMID: 39184555 PMCID: PMC11341520 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Water deficit stress reduces crop yield in field crops, including sunflowers, at any growth stage. In response, most plants activate hormonal and gene expression patterns to mitigate damage. In this study, we evaluated changes in the physiological and gene transcription levels of two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines -one sensitive (B59 line) and one water stress-tolerant (B71)-in response to water stress, by using mannitol to simulate water deficit conditions, which provides moderate stress in both sunflower lines. The analyses of the accumulation of various phytohormones under this stress revealed that Jasmonic acid (JA) significantly increased in the shoots of both lines. Similarly, Salicylic acid (SA) increased in the shoots of both lines, although it also accumulated in B71 roots. In addition, Abscisic acid (ABA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) showed a considerable increase in the B59 shoots. Regarding the JA and SA pathways, the WRKY70 transcription levels were higher in the shoots of both lines and the roots of B71. The B59 line showed overtranscription of a gene related to the ABA pathway (XERICO) and genes associated with IAA (ARF9 and ARF16 genes). The B71 line, on the other hand, simultaneously triggered the JA, SA and ABA hormonal pathways in response to this stress condition. The ABA and JA hormonal pathways activated different TFs, such as RD20, RD22, RD26, ANAC19 and ANAC29, through MYC2. Both the JA and SA hormonal pathways activated the WRKY70 transcription factor. Altogether, each line triggered the hormonal and transcriptional pathways in response to water stress, although at varying intensities. The results suggest that the hormonal pathways of JA, SA, IAA and ABA, along with their primary associated genes, are activated in response to water deficit at the early growth stage in sunflower seedlings, which mitigates damage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01497-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Andrade
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Escalante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas, y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (UNRC), 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Federico Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas, y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (UNRC), 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Ana Vigliocco
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Sergio Alemano
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
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Lv X, Yao Q, Mao F, Liu M, Wang Y, Wang X, Gao Y, Wang Y, Liao S, Wang P, Huang S. Heat stress and sexual reproduction in maize: unveiling the most pivotal factors and the greatest opportunities. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4219-4243. [PMID: 38183327 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The escalation in the intensity, frequency, and duration of high-temperature (HT) stress is currently unparalleled, which aggravates the challenges for crop production. Yet, the stage-dependent responses of reproductive organs to HT stress at the morphological, physiological, and molecular levels remain inadequately explored in pivotal staple crops. This review synthesized current knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which HT stress induces abnormalities and aberrations in reproductive growth and development, as well as by which it alters the morphology and function of florets, flowering patterns, and the processes of pollination and fertilization in maize (Zea mays L.). We identified the stage-specific sensitivities to HT stress and accurately defined the sensitive period from a time scale of days to hours. The microspore tetrad phase of pollen development and anthesis (especially shortly after pollination) are most sensitive to HT stress, and even brief temperature spikes during these stages can lead to significant kernel loss. The impetuses behind the heat-induced impairments in seed set are closely related to carbon, reactive oxygen species, phytohormone signals, ion (e.g. Ca2+) homeostasis, plasma membrane structure and function, and others. Recent advances in understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying HT stress responses during maize sexual reproduction have been systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanlong Lv
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Mao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mayang Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbo Gao
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhua Liao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoubing Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Shelake RM, Wagh SG, Patil AM, Červený J, Waghunde RR, Kim JY. Heat Stress and Plant-Biotic Interactions: Advances and Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2022. [PMID: 39124140 PMCID: PMC11313874 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change presents numerous challenges for agriculture, including frequent events of plant abiotic stresses such as elevated temperatures that lead to heat stress (HS). As the primary driving factor of climate change, HS threatens global food security and biodiversity. In recent years, HS events have negatively impacted plant physiology, reducing plant's ability to maintain disease resistance and resulting in lower crop yields. Plants must adapt their priorities toward defense mechanisms to tolerate stress in challenging environments. Furthermore, selective breeding and long-term domestication for higher yields have made crop varieties vulnerable to multiple stressors, making them more susceptible to frequent HS events. Studies on climate change predict that concurrent HS and biotic stresses will become more frequent and severe in the future, potentially occurring simultaneously or sequentially. While most studies have focused on singular stress effects on plant systems to examine how plants respond to specific stresses, the simultaneous occurrence of HS and biotic stresses pose a growing threat to agricultural productivity. Few studies have explored the interactions between HS and plant-biotic interactions. Here, we aim to shed light on the physiological and molecular effects of HS and biotic factor interactions (bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, insect pests, pollinators, weedy species, and parasitic plants), as well as their combined impact on crop growth and yields. We also examine recent advances in designing and developing various strategies to address multi-stress scenarios related to HS and biotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sopan Ganpatrao Wagh
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 60300, Czech Republic;
| | - Akshay Milind Patil
- Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India;
| | - Jan Červený
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 60300, Czech Republic;
| | - Rajesh Ramdas Waghunde
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch 392012, India;
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Nulla Bio Inc., Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Pathak H, Kaur K, Suneja Y, Singh G, Vikal Y, Kaur G. Effect of irrigation on wild and inbred maize with relation to the antioxidant status of pollens, flag leaves, and developing grains. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:689-707. [PMID: 38236419 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The investigation was carried out to evaluate the net effect of limited irrigation on the antioxidant status of pollens, flag leaves, and developing grains of wild and inbred maize lines. Teosinte pollens showed the highest activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and peroxidase (POX) under stressful conditions while LM 11 showed a significant decrease in APX, CAT, GR, and GST activities. Limited irrigations increased the contents of superoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) to maximum levels in LM 11 leaves. The pollens, leaves, and developing grains of teosinte had the highest content of total phenols. Proline was maximum in the developing grains of teosinte and CML 32 while lowest in those of LM 11. Principal component analysis showed that LM 11 genotype and the respective antioxidant enzymes were in completely opposite quadrants. Chord analysis showed that CAT activity and total phenol content in pollens, leaves, and developing grains contributed towards most of the variations observed in teosinte and might be responsible for managing the yield attributes of genotype during stress conditions. The pollens and leaves of teosinte, with significant SOD activity, further helped in optimizing plant yield, under stressful conditions. CML 32 occupied intermediate position owing to the unaffected activities of most of the antioxidant enzymes and high content of antioxidants in its tissues. It may be concluded that the overall antioxidant status of tissues decides the tolerance behavior of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Yadhu Suneja
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Yogesh Vikal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Ahmad S, Khan Sehrish A, Hussain A, Zhang L, Owdah Alomrani S, Ahmad A, Al-Ghanim KA, Ali Alshehri M, Ali S, Sarker PK. Salt stress amelioration and nutrient strengthening in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) via biochar amendment and zinc fortification: seed priming versus foliar application. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15062. [PMID: 38956110 PMCID: PMC11220015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major nutritional challenge with poor agriculture production characterized by high sodium (Na+) ions in the soil. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and biochar have received attention as a sustainable strategy to reduce biotic and abiotic stress. However, there is a lack of information regarding the incorporation of ZnO NPs with biochar to ameliorate the salinity stress (0, 50,100 mM). Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the potentials of ZnO NPs application (priming and foliar) alone and with a combination of biochar on the growth and nutrient availability of spinach plants under salinity stress. Results demonstrated that salinity stress at a higher rate (100 mM) showed maximum growth retardation by inducing oxidative stress, resulted in reduced photosynthetic rate and nutrient availability. ZnO NPs (priming and foliar) alone enhanced growth, chlorophyll contents and gas exchange parameters by improving the antioxidant enzymes activity of spinach under salinity stress. While, a significant and more pronounced effect was observed at combined treatments of ZnO NPs with biochar amendment. More importantly, ZnO NPs foliar application with biochar significantly reduced the Na+ contents in root 57.69%, and leaves 61.27% of spinach as compared to the respective control. Furthermore, higher nutrient contents were also found at the combined treatment of ZnO NPs foliar application with biochar. Overall, ZnO NPs combined application with biochar proved to be an efficient and sustainable strategy to alleviate salinity stress and improve crop nutritional quality under salinity stress. We inferred that ZnO NPs foliar application with a combination of biochar is more effectual in improving crop nutritional status and salinity mitigation than priming treatments with a combination of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Adiba Khan Sehrish
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Lidan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sarah Owdah Alomrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, 66252, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azeem Ahmad
- Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Soil and Environment Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Pallab K Sarker
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.
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Nafees M, Ullah S, Ahmed I. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and biochar as bioeffectors and bioalleviators of drought stress in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:653-666. [PMID: 37940775 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stressors, including drought stress, that are fatal to their growth and ability to produce under natural conditions. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the drought tolerance potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants under the co-application of biochar and rhizobacteria, Cellulomonas pakistanensis (National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP)11) and Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246). The experiment was initiated by sowing the inoculated seeds with the aforementioned rhizobacterial strains in earthen pots filled with 3 kg of sand-mixed soil and 5% biochar. The morphology of biochar was observed with highly porous nature, along with the detection of various essential elements. The biochemical and physiological data showed that phenolic compounds and osmolytes were adversely affected by the induction of drought stress. However, the application of biochar and rhizobacteria boosted the level of flavonoids on average by 52.03%, total phenols by 50.67%, soluble sugar by 82.85%, proline by 76.81%, glycine betaine by 107.25%, and total protein contents by 89.18% in all co-treatments of biochar and rhizobacteria. In addition, stress indicator compounds, including malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and H2O2, were remarkably alleviated by 54.21% and 47.03%, respectively. Similarly, the amplitude of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase was also enhanced by 63.80%, 80.95%, 37.87%, and 58.20%, respectively, in all co-treatments of rhizobacteria and biochar. Conclusively, biochar and rhizobacteria have a magnificent role in enhancing the drought tolerance potential of crop plants by boosting the physio-biochemical traits and enhancing the level of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nafees
- Plant Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK-25120, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Ullah
- Plant Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK-25120, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP), Land Resources Research Institute (LRRI), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
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10
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Mondal K, Kar RK, Chakraborty A, Dey N. Concurrent effect of drought and heat stress in rice ( Oryza sativa L.): physio-biochemical and molecular approach. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:132. [PMID: 38645792 PMCID: PMC11031549 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the physio-biochemical and molecular responses of two rice genotypes (Noichi and N22) under drought, heat and combined drought/heat stress conditions. The antagonistic stomatal activity was found under the combined stress conditions; stomata were open under control and heat stress, conversely, stomata remained closed under drought and combined stress levels. Photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content are decreased by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and increased lipid peroxidation in both rice genotypes. To prevent oxidative damage, many antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are produced in both genotypes under these conditions. Under the single stress conditions, CAT activity were increased in N22, whereas combined stress levels, SOD and APX activity were higher for both genotypes. Proline accumulation was also increased under single as well as combined stress conditions for both genotypes to combat stress injuries. Pollen viability was lost under all stress levels but severe loss was found under combined stress levels, which causes spikelet sterility leading to yield losses for both genotypes. As evident from transcript levels, HSP71.18 and HSP71.10 expressions were higher under single and combined conditions, butHSP72.57 gene expression increased only by individual stress levels. WRKY11, WRKY 55, DREB 2A, LEA3 and DHN1 were positively expressed under all stress levels. Conversely, expression of DREB2B genes was higher only under single stress levels. In summary, these results suggest that the effect of combined stress is different from the single stress and it is more severe than the individual stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03980-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongkong Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Rice Biotechnology Laboratory, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731 235 India
| | - Rup Kumar Kar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731 235 India
| | - Abhra Chakraborty
- Department of Fisheries, Meen Bhaban, Karnojora, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj, West Bengal 733103 India
| | - Narottam Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Rice Biotechnology Laboratory, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731 235 India
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Shirvani H, Mehrabi AA, Farshadfar M, Safari H, Arminian A, Fatehi F, Pouraboughadareh A, Poczai P. Investigation of the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and catabolic characteristics and gene expression under drought stress in tolerant and sensitive genotypes of wild barley [Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum (K. Koch) Asch. & Graebn.]. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:214. [PMID: 38532311 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04894-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barley (H. vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop cultivated across various climates globally. Barley and its ancestor (H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum) are an economically valuable model for genetic research and improvement. Drought, among various abiotic stresses, is a substantial threat to agriculture due to its unpredictable nature and significant impact on crop yield. RESULTS This study was conducted in both greenhouse and laboratory settings. Prior to the study, wild barley accessions were pre-selected based on their sensitivity or tolerance to drought as determined from fieldwork in the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 cropping seasons. The effects of three levels of drought stress were evaluated (control, 90-95% field capacity [FC]; mild stress, 50-55% FC; and severe stress, 25-30% FC). Several parameters were assessed, including seedling and root growth, enzymatic activity (CAT, SOD, POD), soluble protein levels, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, abaxial and adaxial stomatal density and dimensions, and relative gene expression of Dhn1, SOD, POD, and CAT. Drought stress significantly increased enzyme activities, especially at 25-30% FC, and more in the tolerant genotype. On the other hand, sensitive genotypes showed a notable increase in stomatal density. Under drought stress, there was a general decline in seedling and root growth, protein content, chlorophyll and carotenoids, and stomatal dimensions. Importantly, gene expression analysis revealed that Dhn1, SOD, POD, and CAT were upregulated under drought, with the highest expression levels observed in the drought-tolerant genotype under severe stress conditions (25-30% FC). CONCLUSIONS Our investigation highlights the distinct morphological, physiological, biochemical, and gene-expression profiles of drought-resistant and drought-sensitive wild barley genotypes under varying degrees of drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Shirvani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ali Ashraf Mehrabi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
- Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Farshadfar
- Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Agricultural Research and Training Center and Kermanshah Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hooshmand Safari
- Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Agricultural Research and Training Center and Kermanshah Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Arminian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Foad Fatehi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Pouraboughadareh
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Peter Poczai
- Botany and Mycology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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12
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Amissah S, Ankomah G, Lee RD, Perry CD, Washington BJ, Porter WM, Virk S, Bryant CJ, Vellidis G, Harris GH, Cabrera M, Franklin DH, Diaz-Perez JC, Sintim HY. Assessing corn recovery from early season nutrient stress under different soil moisture regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1344022. [PMID: 38510438 PMCID: PMC10950915 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1344022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Corn (Zea mays) biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake by the six-leaf collar (V6) growth stage are low, and therefore, synchronizing nutrient supply with crop demand could potentially minimize nutrient loss and improve nutrient use efficiency. Knowledge of corn's response to nutrient stress in the early growth stages could inform such nutrient management. Field studies were conducted to assess corn recovery from when no fertilizer application is made until the V6 growth stage, and thereafter, applying fertilizer rates as those in non-stressed conditions. The early season nutrient stress and non-stress conditions received the same amount of nutrients. As the availability of nutrients for plant uptake is largely dependent on soil moisture, corn recovery from the early season nutrient stress was assessed under different soil moisture regimes induced via irrigation scheduling at 50% and 80% field capacity under overhead and subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI) systems. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) was the previous crop under all conditions, and the fields were under cereal rye (Secale cereale) cover crop prior to planting corn. At the V6 growth stage, the nutrient concentrations of the early season-stressed crops, except for copper, were above the minimum threshold of sufficiency ranges reported for corn. However, the crops showed poor growth, with biomass accumulation being reduced by over 50% compared to non-stressed crops. Also, the uptake of all nutrients was significantly lower under the early season nutrient stress conditions. The recovery of corn from the early season nutrient stress was low. Compared to non-stress conditions, the early season nutrient stress caused 1.58 Mg ha-1 to 3.4 Mg ha-1 yield reduction. The percent yield reduction under the SSDI system was 37.6-38.2% and that under the overhead irrigation system was 11.7-13%. The high yield reduction from the early season nutrient stress under the SSDI system was because of water stress conditions in the topsoil soil layer. The findings of the study suggest ample nutrient supply in the early season growth stage is critical for corn production, and thus, further studies are recommended to determine the optimum nutrient supply for corn at the initial growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Amissah
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Godfred Ankomah
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Robert D. Lee
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Calvin D. Perry
- C. M. Stripling Irrigation Research Park, University of Georgia, Camilla, GA, United States
| | - Bobby J. Washington
- C. M. Stripling Irrigation Research Park, University of Georgia, Camilla, GA, United States
| | - Wesley M. Porter
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Simerjeet Virk
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Corey J. Bryant
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
- Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, United States
| | - George Vellidis
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Glendon H. Harris
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Miguel Cabrera
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Dorcas H. Franklin
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Juan C. Diaz-Perez
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Henry Y. Sintim
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
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13
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Ru C, Hu X, Wang W. Nitrogen mitigates the negative effects of combined heat and drought stress on winter wheat by improving physiological characteristics. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14236. [PMID: 38454803 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Extreme drought stress is often accompanied by heat stress after anthesis in winter wheat. Whether nitrogen (N) can mitigate the damage caused by combined stress on wheat plants by regulating root physiological characteristics is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed to study the effects of combined heat and drought stress on photosynthesis, leaf water relations, root antioxidant system, osmoregulatory, and yield in wheat to reveal the physiological mechanism of N regulating the adverse impacts of combined stress on wheat. Heat and drought stress markedly reduced photosynthesis, leaf water content, root vitality, and bleeding sap. The combination of heat and drought strengthens these changes. Within a certain stress range, the increase in soluble sugar and proline contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase under combined stress effectively alleviated the oxidative damage. Compared with those under high N application (N3), wheat plants under low N application (N1) maintained higher yield and yield components under combined stress; the number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and yield increased by 13.65%, 9.07%, and 15.33%, respectively, under N1 compared with those under N3 treatment, which may be attributed to the greater maintenance of photosynthesis, leaf water status, root vitality, and antioxidant and osmoregulation capacities. In summary, reduced N application mitigated the damage caused by combined heat and drought stress in wheat by improving root physiological characteristics and enhanced adaptability to combined stress, which is an appropriate strategy to compensate for yield losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ru
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaotao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wene Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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14
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Chauhan P, Singh M, Sharma A, Singh M, Chadha P, Kaur A. Halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus CR7 alleviates salt stress and exhibits genoprotective effect in Vigna radiata. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1336533. [PMID: 38404598 PMCID: PMC10884769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses that results in reduction of cultivable land and decreased productivity. In the present study, halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungi were isolated from Catharanthus roseus, and their effect in mitigating salt stress in Vigna radiata was evaluated. An isolate CR7, identified to be Aspergillus terreus, showing plant growth promotion activities, viz. IAA production (23.43 ± 0.79 μg/ml), phosphate solubilization (133.63 ± 6.40 μg/ml), ACC deaminase activity (86.36 ± 2.70 μmol α-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein) etc. and ability to grow at 15% NaCl was selected for further in vivo studies. Colonization of CR7 was carried out in V. radiata which was subjected to different concentrations of salt (150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl). Under salt stress, A. terreus CR7 inoculated plants showed substantially improved root and shoot length, biomass, chlorophyll content, relative water content, phenolics, protein content, and DPPH scavenging activity. Endogenous IAA level was enhanced by 5.28-fold in treated plants at maximum salt stress. Inoculation of A. terreus CR7 affected oxidative stress parameters, exhibiting an increase in catalase and superoxide dismutase and reduction in proline, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde content. Fluorescent microscopic analysis of roots revealed improved cell viability and decreased levels of glutathione and hydrogen peroxide under salt stress in treated plants. The isolate A. terreus CR7 also protected against DNA damage induced by salt stress which was evaluated using comet assay. A decrease in DNA tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment to the extent of 19.87%, 19.76%, and 24.81%, respectively, was observed in A. terreus CR7-colonized plants under salt stress. It can be concluded that A. terreus CR7 can be exploited for alleviating the impact of salt stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Avinash Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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15
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Singh D, Thapa S, Singh JP, Mahawar H, Saxena AK, Singh SK, Mahla HR, Choudhary M, Parihar M, Choudhary KB, Chakdar H. Prospecting the Potential of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms for Mitigating Drought Stress in Crop Plants. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:84. [PMID: 38294725 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a global phenomenon affecting plant growth and productivity, the severity of which has impacts around the whole world. A number of approaches, such as agronomic, conventional breeding, and genetic engineering, are followed to increase drought resilience; however, they are often time consuming and non-sustainable. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms are used worldwide to mitigate drought stress in crop plants. These microorganisms exhibit multifarious traits, which not only help in improving plant and soil health, but also demonstrate capabilities in ameliorating drought stress. The present review highlights various adaptive strategies shown by these microbes in improving drought resilience, such as modulation of various growth hormones and osmoprotectant levels, modification of root morphology, exopolysaccharide production, and prevention of oxidative damage. Gene expression patterns providing an adaptive edge for further amelioration of drought stress have also been studied in detail. Furthermore, the practical applications of these microorganisms in soil are highlighted, emphasizing their potential to increase crop productivity without compromising long-term soil health. This review provides a comprehensive coverage of plant growth-promoting microorganisms-mediated drought mitigation strategies, insights into gene expression patterns, and practical applications, while also guiding future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
| | - Shobit Thapa
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Himanshu Mahawar
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research (DWR) Maharajpur, Jabalpur, 482004, India
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | | | - Hans Raj Mahla
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
| | | | - Manoj Parihar
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
| | | | - Hillol Chakdar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India.
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16
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Opoku VA, Adu MO, Asare PA, Asante J, Hygienus G, Andersen MN. Rapid and low-cost screening for single and combined effects of drought and heat stress on the morpho-physiological traits of African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) germplasm. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295512. [PMID: 38289974 PMCID: PMC10826938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought and heat are two stresses that often occur together and may pose significant risks to crops in future climates. However, the combined effects of these two stressors have received less attention than single-stressor investigations. This study used a rapid and straightforward phenotyping method to quantify the variation in 128 African eggplant genotype responses to drought, heat, and the combined effects of heat and drought at the seedling stage. The study found that the morphophysiological traits varied significantly among the 128 eggplants, highlighting variation in response to abiotic stresses. Broad-sense heritability was high (> 0.60) for chlorophyll content, plant biomass and performance index, electrolyte leakage, and total leaf area. Positive and significant relationships existed between biomass and photosynthetic parameters, but a negative association existed between electrolyte leakage and morpho-physiological traits. The plants underwent more significant stress when drought and heat stress were imposed concurrently than under single stresses, with the impact of drought on the plants being more detrimental than heat. There were antagonistic effects on the morphophysiology of the eggplants when heat and drought stress were applied together. Resilient genotypes such as RV100503, RV100501, JAMBA, LOC3, RV100164, RV100169, LOC 3, RV100483, GH5155, RV100430, GH1087, GH1087*, RV100388, RV100387, RV100391 maintained high relative water content, low electrolyte leakage, high Fv/Fm ratio and performance index, and increased biomass production under abiotic stress conditions. The antagonistic interactions between heat and drought observed here may be retained or enhanced during several stress combinations typical of plants' environments and must be factored into efforts to develop climate change-resilient crops. This paper demonstrates improvised climate chambers for high throughput, reliable, rapid, and cost-effective screening for heat and drought and combined stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A. Opoku
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Michael O. Adu
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Paul A. Asare
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Justice Asante
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Godswill Hygienus
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Mathias N. Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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17
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Mleziva AD, Ngumbi EN. Comparative analysis of defensive secondary metabolites in wild teosinte and cultivated maize under flooding and herbivory stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14216. [PMID: 38366721 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of abiotic and biotic stress factors, negatively impacting plant development and agricultural productivity. To survive, plants respond by inducing changes in below and aboveground metabolism with concomitant alterations in defensive secondary metabolites. While plant responses to the isolated stresses of flooding and insect herbivory have been extensively studied, much less is known about their response in combination. Wild relatives of cultivated plants with robust stress tolerance traits provide an excellent system for comparing how diverse plant species respond to combinatorial stress, and provide insight into potential germplasms for stress-tolerant hybrids. In this study, we compared the below and aboveground changes in the secondary metabolites of maize (Zea mays) and a flood-tolerant wild relative Nicaraguan teosinte (Zea nicaraguensis) in response to flooding, insect herbivory, and their combination. Root tissue was analyzed for changes in belowground metabolism. Leaf total phenolic content and headspace volatile organic compound emission were analyzed for changes in aboveground secondary metabolism. Results revealed significant differences in the root metabolome profiles of teosinte and maize. Notably, the accumulation of the flavonoids apigenin, naringenin, and luteolin during flooding and herbivory differentiated teosinte from maize. Aboveground, terpenes, including trans-α-bergamotene and (E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, shaped compositional differences in their volatile profiles between flooding, herbivory, and their combination. Taken together, these results suggest teosinte may be more tolerant than maize due to dynamic metabolic changes during flooding and herbivory that help relieve stress and influence plant-insect interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Mleziva
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Esther N Ngumbi
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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18
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Wang Z, Qu L, Li J, Niu S, Guo J, Lu D. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid on starch physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion under heat stress during the grain-filling stage in waxy maize. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127765. [PMID: 38287575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Waxy maize starch serves as a pivotal component in global food processing and industrial applications, while high temperature (HT) during the grain-filling stage seriously affects its quality. Salicylic acid (SA) has been recognized for its role in enhancing plant heat resistance. Nonetheless, its regulatory effect on the quality of waxy maize starch under HT conditions remains unclear. In this study, two waxy maize varieties, JKN2000 (heat-tolerant) and SYN5 (heat-sensitive) were treated with SA after pollination and then subjected to HT during the grain-filling stage to explore the effect of SA on grain yield and starch quality. The results indicate that exogenous SA under HT treatment led to an increase in kernel weight and starch content in both varieties. Moreover, SA reduced the HT-induced holes on the surfaces of starch granules, enlarged the starch granule size, elevated the amylopectin branching degree, and reduced amylopectin average chain length. Consequently, improvements of pasting viscosity and the decrease of retrogradation percentage of starch were observed with SA under HT. Exogenous SA reduced HT-induced rapidly digestible starch content in SYN5, but had no significant effect on that in JKN2000. In summary, SA pretreatment effectively alleviated the detrimental effects of HT on starch pasting and thermal properties of waxy maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lingling Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shiduo Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Dalei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Keya SS, Ghosh PK, Abdelrahman M, Anik TR, Gupta A, Tran LSP. Jasmonic acid priming augments antioxidant defense and photosynthesis in soybean to alleviate combined heat and drought stress effects. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108193. [PMID: 38029615 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermaths of global warming, plants are more frequently exposed to the combination of heat stress and drought in natural conditions. Jasmonic acid (JA) has been known to modulate numerous plant adaptive responses to diverse environmental stresses. However, the function of JA in regulating plant responses to the combined effects of heat and drought remains underexplored. In this study, we elucidated the functions of JA in enhancing the combined heat and drought tolerance of soybean (Glycine max). Our results showed that priming with JA improved plant biomass, photosynthetic efficiency and leaf relative water content, which all together contributed to the improved performance of soybean plants under single and combined heat and drought conditions. Exposure to single and combined heat and drought conditions caused oxidative damage in soybean leaves. Priming soybean plants, which were exposed to single and combined heat and drought conditions, with JA, on the other hand, substantially quenched the reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative burden possibly by bolstering their antioxidant defense system. Together, our findings provide direct evidence of the JA-mediated protective mechanisms in maintaining the optimal photosynthetic rate and plant performance under combined heat and drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Protik Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Touhidur Rahman Anik
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Aarti Gupta
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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20
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Chaouachi L, Marín-Sanz M, Barro F, Karmous C. Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plad085. [PMID: 38204894 PMCID: PMC10781440 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The devastating effects and extent of abiotic stress on cereal production continue to increase globally, affecting food security in several countries, including Tunisia. Heat waves and the scarcity of rainfall strongly affect durum wheat yields. The present study aims to screen for tolerance to combined water and heat stresses in durum wheat at the juvenile stage. Three combined treatments were tested, namely: T0 (100% field capacity (FC) at 24 °C), T1 (50% FC at 30 °C), and T2 (25% FC at 35 °C). The screening was carried out based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical criteria. The results showed that the combined stress significantly affected all the measured parameters. The relative water content (RWC) decreased by 37.6% under T1 compared to T0. Quantum yield (Fv/m) and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/0) decreased under severe combined stress (T2) by 37.15% and 37.22%, respectively. Under T2 stress, LT increased by 63.7%. A significant increase in osmoprotective solutes was also observed, including proline, which increased by 154.6% under T2. Correlation analyses of the combination of water and heat stress confirm that the traits RWC, chlorophyll b content, Fv/m, proline content, Fv/0 and leaf temperature can be used as reliable screening criteria for the two stresses combined. The principal component analysis highlighted that Aouija tolerates the two levels of stresses studied, while the genotypes Karim and Hmira are the most sensitive. The results show that the tolerance of durum wheat to combined water and heat stress involves several adaptation mechanisms proportional to the stress intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Chaouachi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Miriam Marín-Sanz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Barro
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Chahine Karmous
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
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21
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Sepehri S, Abdoli S, Asgari Lajayer B, Astatkie T, Price GW. Changes in phytochemical properties and water use efficiency of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) using superabsorbent polymer under drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21989. [PMID: 38081886 PMCID: PMC10713560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Water consumption management and the application of advanced techniques in the agricultural sector can significantly contribute to the efficient utilization of limited water resources. This can be achieved by improving soil texture, increasing water retention, reducing erosion, and enhancing seedling germination through the use of superabsorbent polymers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Aquasource superabsorbent (AS) on the morphological characteristics, phytochemical properties, antioxidant content, and water use efficiency of peppermint. It was conducted under different irrigation management and using different superabsorbent levels. Therefore, a 3 × 4 factorial design was used to determine the effects of irrigation intervals (2-, 4-, and 6-day) and different levels of AS amount (zero [control], 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%). The effects of these factors on various parameters (morphological characteristics, essential oil percentage, nutrient, protein, proline, carotenoid, antioxidant, and chlorophyll content, leaf area index, relative water content, and water use efficiency [WUE]) were evaluated. The results showed that morphological characteristics and essential oil percentage decreased significantly under drought stress (increasing the irrigation intervals). However, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) AS improved plant growth conditions. Increasing the amount of superabsorbent used to 1 and 2 (wt%) decreased the measured traits, which indicates the creation of unsuitable conditions for plant growth. AS application improved the growth of the root more than the leaf yield of peppermint. A 0.5 (wt%) addition of AS resulted in root length increases of 3, 13, and 15%, respectively, at irrigation intervals of 2, 4, and 6 days, respectively. Additionally, at 0.5 (wt%) AS, root weight increased by 8, 15, and 16% in 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals, respectively. Also, the height of the plant increased by 3, 5, and 17% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals when 0.5 (wt%) of AS was used compared to the control. As well, essential oil percentage increased by 2.14, 2.06, and 1.63% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals. The nutrient and protein contents decreased as irrigation intervals and AS usage increased, indicating a similar trend. However, compared with the control, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) of AS resulted in some improvements in nutrients and protein. The highest WUE (3.075 kg m-3) was attained in the 4-day irrigation interval and 1 wt% AS addition. This was followed closely by the 2-day irrigation interval with 1 wt% AS addition at 3.025 kg m-3, and the 4-day irrigation interval with 0.5 wt% AS addition, which reached 2.941 kg m-3. Overall, the use of AS in appropriate amounts (0.5 wt%) can reduce water consumption and enhance essential oil yield and WUE in peppermint cultivation in water-scarce arid and semi-arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloome Sepehri
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 31585-845, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Sima Abdoli
- Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6135743136, Iran.
| | | | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - G W Price
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
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22
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Hu H, Jia Y, Hao Z, Ma G, Xie Y, Wang C, Ma D. Lipidomics-based insights into the physiological mechanism of wheat in response to heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 205:108190. [PMID: 37988880 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are the main components of plant cell biofilms and play a crucial role in plant growth, Understanding the modulation in lipid profiles under heat stress can contribute to understanding the heat tolerance mechanisms in wheat leaves. In the current study, two wheat cultivars with different heat tolerance levels were treated with optimum temperature (OT) and high temperature (HT) at the flowering stage, and the antioxidant enzyme activity in the leaves and the grain yield were determined. Further, lipidomics was studied to determine the changes in lipid composition in the leaves. The heat-tolerant cultivar ZM7698 exhibited higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents. High-temperature stress led to the remodeling of lipid profile in the two cultivars. The relative proportion of digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) components increased in the heat-tolerant cultivar under high-temperature stress, while it was decreased in the heat-sensitive cultivar. The lipid unsaturation levels of sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), monogalactosyl monoacylglycerol (MGMG), and phosphatidic acid (PA) decreased significantly in the heat-tolerant cultivar under high-temperature stress. The increase in unsaturation of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the heat-tolerant cultivar under high-temperature stress was lower than in the heat-sensitive cultivar. In addition, a high sitosterol/stigmasterol (SiE/StE) ratio was observed in heat-tolerant cultivar under high-temperature stress. Taken together, these results revealed that a heat-tolerant cultivar could enhance its ability to resist heat stress by modulating the composition and ratio of the lipid components and decreasing lipid unsaturation levels in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Hu
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yuku Jia
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zirui Hao
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Geng Ma
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Dongyun Ma
- National Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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23
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El Haddad N, En-nahli Y, Choukri H, Aloui K, Mentag R, El-Baouchi A, Hejjaoui K, Rajendran K, Smouni A, Maalouf F, Kumar S. Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Heat and Drought Tolerance in Lentil Accessions: Implications for Stress Tolerance Breeding. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3962. [PMID: 38068599 PMCID: PMC10708188 DOI: 10.3390/plants12233962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has significantly exacerbated the effects of abiotic stresses, particularly high temperatures and drought stresses. This study aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat and drought tolerance in lentil accessions. To achieve this objective, twelve accessions were subjected to high-temperature stress (32/20 °C), while seven accessions underwent assessment under drought stress conditions (50% of field capacity) during the reproductive stage. Our findings revealed a significant increase in catalase activity across all accessions under both stress conditions, with ILL7814 and ILL7835 recording the highest accumulations of 10.18 and 9.33 under drought stress, respectively, and 14 µmol H2O2 mg protein-1 min-1 under high temperature. Similarly, ascorbate peroxidase significantly increased in all tolerant accessions due to high temperatures, with ILL6359, ILL7835, and ILL8029 accumulating the highest values with up 50 µmol ascorbate mg protein-1 min-1. In contrast, no significant increase was obtained for all accessions subjected to water stress, although the drought-tolerant accessions accumulated more APX activity (16.59 t to 25.08 µmol ascorbate mg protein-1 min-1) than the sensitive accessions. The accessions ILL6075, ILL7814, and ILL8029 significantly had the highest superoxide dismutase activity under high temperature, while ILL6363, ILL7814, and ILL7835 accumulated the highest values under drought stress, each with 22 to 25 units mg protein-1. Under both stress conditions, ILL7814 and ILL7835 recorded the highest contents in proline (38 to 45 µmol proline/g FW), total flavonoids (0.22 to 0.77 mg QE g-1 FW), total phenolics (7.50 to 8.79 mg GAE g-1 FW), total tannins (5.07 to 20 µg CE g-1 FW), and total antioxidant activity (60 to 70%). Further, ILL7814 and ILL6338 significantly recorded the highest total soluble sugar content under high temperature (71.57 and 74.24 mg g-1, respectively), while ILL7835 achieved the maximum concentration (125 mg g-1) under drought stress. The accessions ILL8029, ILL6104, and ILL7814 had the highest values of reducing sugar under high temperature with 0.62 to 0.79 mg g-1, whereas ILL6075, ILL6363, and ILL6362 accumulated the highest levels of this component under drought stress with 0.54 to 0.66 mg g-1. Overall, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the metabolomic responses of lentil to drought and heat stresses, serving as a valuable reference for lentil stress tolerance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine El Haddad
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Youness En-nahli
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Materials Science Center, Ecole Normale Supérieure, LPCMIO, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Hasnae Choukri
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Khawla Aloui
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat 10112, Morocco; (Y.E.-n.); (H.C.); (K.A.)
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Ben M’Sick Faculty of Sciences, University Hassan II, Casablanca 20800, Morocco
| | - Rachid Mentag
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Rabat, National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Adil El-Baouchi
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Kamal Hejjaoui
- AgroBioSciences Program (AgBS), College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science (CSAES), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (A.E.-B.); (K.H.)
| | - Karthika Rajendran
- Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et de Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Recherche BioBio, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat, Rabat 10112, Morocco;
| | - Fouad Maalouf
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut 1108 2010, Lebanon;
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi 110012, India;
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24
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Jampoh EA, Sáfrán E, Babinyec-Czifra D, Kristóf Z, Krárné Péntek B, Fábián A, Barnabás B, Jäger K. Morpho-Anatomical, Physiological and Biochemical Adjustments in Response to Heat and Drought Co-Stress in Winter Barley. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3907. [PMID: 38005804 PMCID: PMC10674999 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of high temperatures 10 °C above the optimum and water withholding during microgametogenesis on vegetative processes and determine the response of winter barley genotypes with contrasting tolerance. For this purpose, two barley varieties were analyzed to compare the effect of heat and drought co-stress on their phenology, morpho-anatomy, physiological and biochemical responses and yield constituents. Genotypic variation was observed in response to heat and drought co-stress, which was attributed to differences in anatomy, ultrastructure and physiological and metabolic processes. The co-stress-induced reduction in relative water content, total soluble protein and carbohydrate contents, photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic efficiency of the sensitive Spinner variety was significantly greater than the tolerant Lambada genotype. Based on these observations, it has been concluded that the heat-and-drought stress-tolerance of the Lambada variety is related to the lower initial chlorophyll content of the leaves, the relative resistance of photosynthetic pigments towards stress-triggered degradation, retained photosynthetic parameters and better-preserved leaf ultrastructure. Understanding the key factors underlying heat and drought co-stress tolerance in barley may enable breeders to create barley varieties with improved yield stability under a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Asante Jampoh
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
- Doctoral School of Horticultural Sciences, MATE Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Eszter Sáfrán
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Dorina Babinyec-Czifra
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kristóf
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Barbara Krárné Péntek
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Attila Fábián
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Beáta Barnabás
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Katalin Jäger
- Biological Resources Department, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (E.A.J.); (E.S.); (D.B.-C.); (B.K.P.); (A.F.); (B.B.)
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Liu F, Zhao Y, Wang X, Wang B, Xiao F, He K. Physiological response and drought resistance evaluation of Gleditsia sinensis seedlings under drought-rehydration state. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19963. [PMID: 37968307 PMCID: PMC10651932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
G. sinensis is a crucial tree species in China, possessing important economic and ecological value, and having a wide geographical distribution. G. sinensis seedlings is highly vulnerable to the drought-rehydration-drought cycle during their growth, and there is a lack of quantitative and systematic research on the physiological mechanisms of drought resistance and rehydration in G. sinensis. There is also a lack of good drought-resistant families and reliable methods for evaluating drought resistance, which severely hinders the selection and promotion of drought-resistant G. sinensis families and the industry's development. Therefore, this study selection 58 families seedlings of G. sinensis to drought stress and rehydration using an artificial simulated water control method in potted seedlings. The aim was to compare the effects of different levels of drought and rehydration on the growth and physiological indices of seedlings from different families. Identification of drought-resistant families and dependable drought related indices and techniques, the explanation of divergence in drought stress effects on various drought-resistant seedlings and the mechanisms underpinning growth and physiological responses, and the provision of theoretical reference for G. sinensis drought-resistant variety selection and cultivation. The Drought Resistance Index (DRI) served as the primary indicator, supplemented by growth, leaf morphology, and photosynthetic physiological indicators, to thoroughly assess and identify five distinct drought tolerant taxa while also selecting five representative families. Soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, as well as the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in seedlings from the five families, increased as the degree of drought intensified. The highest values were appeared during periods of severe drought, and gradually decreased after subsequent rehydration. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed MDA and soluble sugars (SS) as the primary predictors of drought and rehydration response in G. sinensis seedlings respectively. Changes in osmoregulatory substance content and increased antioxidant enzyme activity may be crucial for responding to drought tolerance mechanisms. Leaf morphological indicators, seedling height, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value, photosynthetic indicators, and MDA are dependable parameters for assessing the drought tolerance of G. sinensis seedlings. When assessing the drought-resistance of seedlings using physiological indicators such as photosynthesis, a comprehensive analysis should incorporate multiple indicators and methods. This evaluation approach could serve as a reference for screening exceptional drought-resistant families of G. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Liu
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiurong Wang
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Kequan He
- The State-Owned Forest Farm of Dushan County, Dushan, 558200, Guizhou, China
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26
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Wang D, Zhang W, Zhang R, Tao N, Si L, Guo C. Phytotoxicity of nitrobenzene bioaccumulation in rice seedlings: Nitrobenzene inhibits growth, induces oxidative stress, and reduces photosynthetic pigment synthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108096. [PMID: 37864929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitrobenzene (NB) has been used in numerous industrial and agricultural fields as an organic compound intermediate. NB has mutagenicity and acute toxicity, and is typically a toxic pollutant in industrial wastewater worldwide. To evaluate its phytotoxicity, we treated rice (Oryza sativa) with different concentrations of NB (0, 5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1). NB inhibited growth indices of rice (shoot and root length, fresh shoot and root weight, and dry shoot and root weight) as NB treatment concentrations increased. High concentrations (>25 mg L-1) of NB significantly inhibited rice root and shoot growth; root growth was more susceptible to NB. NB treatment could damage the structure and reduce the activity of rice seedling roots. The result of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicated that the bioaccumulation of NB in rice seedlings had a dose-dependent effect on the growth inhibition. NB reduced the photosynthetic pigment content and the expression levels of chlorophyll synthesis genes. NB treatment increased active oxygen radicals, electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, and soluble sugar contents. The expressions of antioxidant enzyme genes were induced by NB stress, and exhibited a phenomenon of initial increase followed by decrease. When the NB concentration was higher than 50 mg L-1, the gene expression levels decreased rapidly. This study provides insight into the association between exposure to NB and its phytotoxic effects on rice seedlings, and assesses the potential risk of NB bioaccumulation for crops that require a large amount of irrigation water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Runqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Nan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Liang Si
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China.
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China.
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Mishra S, Spaccarotella K, Gido J, Samanta I, Chowdhary G. Effects of Heat Stress on Plant-Nutrient Relations: An Update on Nutrient Uptake, Transport, and Assimilation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15670. [PMID: 37958654 PMCID: PMC10649217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of global climate change, the frequency, severity, and duration of heat stress are increasing, impacting plant growth, development, and reproduction. While several studies have focused on the physiological and molecular aspects of heat stress, there is growing concern that crop quality, particularly nutritional content and phytochemicals important for human health, is also negatively impacted. This comprehensive review aims to provide profound insights into the multifaceted effects of heat stress on plant-nutrient relationships, with a particular emphasis on tissue nutrient concentration, the pivotal nutrient-uptake proteins unique to both macro- and micronutrients, and the effects on dietary phytochemicals. Finally, we propose a new approach to investigate the response of plants to heat stress by exploring the possible role of plant peroxisomes in the context of heat stress and nutrient mobilization. Understanding these complex mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to improve plant nutrition and resilience during heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasmita Mishra
- Department of Biology, Kean University, 1000 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Kim Spaccarotella
- Department of Biology, Kean University, 1000 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Jaclyn Gido
- Department of Biology, Kean University, 1000 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Ishita Samanta
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT—Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India (G.C.)
| | - Gopal Chowdhary
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KIIT—Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India (G.C.)
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Mehdi F, Liu X, Riaz Z, Javed U, Aman A, Galani S. Expression of sucrose metabolizing enzymes in different sugarcane varieties under progressive heat stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1269521. [PMID: 37908828 PMCID: PMC10614296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1269521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Studying the thermal stress effect on sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in sugarcane is of great importance for understanding acclimation to thermal stress. In this study, two varieties, S2003-US-633 and SPF-238, were grown at three different temperatures ( ± 2°C): 30°C as a control, 45°C for various episodes of high temperature treatments and recovery conditions at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Data showed that reducing sugar content increased until the grand growth stage but sharply declined at the maturity stage in both cultivars. On the other hand, sucrose is enhanced only at the maturity stage. The expression of all invertase isozymes declined prominently; however, the expression of SPS was high at the maturity stage. Hence, the sucrose accumulation in mature cane was due to increased SPS activity while decreased invertase isozymes (vacuolar, cytoplasmic and cell wall) activities at maturity stage in both cultivars. Heat shock decreased the sucrose metabolizing enzymes, sucrose content and sugar recovery rate in both cultivars. In contrast, heat-shock treatments induced maximum proline, MDA, H2O2 and EC in both cultivars. Notably, this is the first report of diverse invertase isozyme molecular weight proteins, such as those with 67, 134 and 160 kDa, produced under heat stress, suggesting that these enzymes have varied activities at different developmental stages. Overall, S2003-US-633 performs better than the cultivar SPF-238 under heat stress conditions at all development stages, with increased sucrose content, enzyme expression, proline and sugar recovery rate. This work will provide a new avenue regarding sugarcane molecular breeding programs with respect to thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mehdi
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, China
- Agriculture and Agribusiness Management, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xinlong Liu
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zunaira Riaz
- Agriculture and Agribusiness Management, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Urooj Javed
- Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Aman
- Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saddia Galani
- Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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29
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Li Y, Zhang P, Sheng W, Zhang Z, Rose RJ, Song Y. Securing maize reproductive success under drought stress by harnessing CO 2 fertilization for greater productivity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1221095. [PMID: 37860252 PMCID: PMC10582713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1221095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Securing maize grain yield is crucial to meet food and energy needs for the future growing population, especially under frequent drought events and elevated CO2 (eCO2) due to climate change. To maximize the kernel setting rate under drought stress is a key strategy in battling against the negative impacts. Firstly, we summarize the major limitations to leaf source and kernel sink in maize under drought stress, and identified that loss in grain yield is mainly attributed to reduced kernel set. Reproductive drought tolerance can be realized by collective contribution with a greater assimilate import into ear, more available sugars for ovary and silk use, and higher capacity to remobilize assimilate reserve. As such, utilization of CO2 fertilization by improved photosynthesis and greater reserve remobilization is a key strategy for coping with drought stress under climate change condition. We propose that optimizing planting methods and mining natural genetic variation still need to be done continuously, meanwhile, by virtue of advanced genetic engineering and plant phenomics tools, the breeding program of higher photosynthetic efficiency maize varieties adapted to eCO2 can be accelerated. Consequently, stabilizing maize production under drought stress can be achieved by securing reproductive success by harnessing CO2 fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjing Sheng
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zixiang Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ray J. Rose
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Youhong Song
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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30
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Kitavi M, Gemenet DC, Wood JC, Hamilton JP, Wu S, Fei Z, Khan A, Buell CR. Identification of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e532. [PMID: 37794882 PMCID: PMC10546384 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.), a key food security crop, is negatively impacted by heat, drought, and salinity stress. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivar "Beauregard" was exposed to heat, salt, and drought treatments for 24 and 48 h to identify genes responding to each stress condition in leaves. Analysis revealed both common (35 up regulated, 259 down regulated genes in the three stress conditions) and unique sets of up regulated (1337 genes by drought, 516 genes by heat, and 97 genes by salt stress) and down regulated (2445 genes by drought, 678 genes by heat, and 204 genes by salt stress) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) suggesting common, yet stress-specific transcriptional responses to these three abiotic stressors. Gene Ontology analysis of down regulated DEGs common to both heat and salt stress revealed enrichment of terms associated with "cell population proliferation" suggestive of an impact on the cell cycle by the two stress conditions. To identify shared and unique gene co-expression networks under multiple abiotic stress conditions, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed using gene expression profiles from heat, salt, and drought stress treated 'Beauregard' leaves yielding 18 co-expression modules. One module was enriched for "response to water deprivation," "response to abscisic acid," and "nitrate transport" indicating synergetic crosstalk between nitrogen, water, and phytohormones with genes encoding osmotin, cell expansion, and cell wall modification proteins present as key hub genes in this drought-associated module. This research lays the groundwork for exploring to a further degree, mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Kitavi
- Research Technology Support Facility (RTSF)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Dorcus C. Gemenet
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF HouseNairobiKenya
| | - Joshua C. Wood
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - John P. Hamilton
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Shan Wu
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Awais Khan
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- Present address:
Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNew YorkUSA
| | - C. Robin Buell
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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31
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Mubayiwa M, Machekano H, Chidawanyika F, Mvumi BM, Segaiso B, Nyamukondiwa C. Sub-optimal host plants have developmental and thermal fitness costs to the invasive fall armyworm. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 3:1204278. [PMID: 38469519 PMCID: PMC10926449 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1204278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a global invasive pest of cereals. Although this pest uses maize and sorghum as its main hosts, it is associated with a wide range of host plants due to its polyphagous nature. Despite the FAW's polyphagy being widely reported in literature, few studies have investigated the effects of the non-preferred conditions or forms (e.g., drought-stressed forms) of this pest's hosts on its physiological and ecological fitness. Thus, the interactive effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on FAW fitness costs or benefits have not been specifically investigated. We therefore assessed the effects of host plant quality on the developmental rates and thermal tolerance of the FAW. Specifically, we reared FAW neonates on three hosts (maize, cowpeas, and pearl millet) under two treatments per host plant [unstressed (well watered) and stressed (water deprived)] until the adult stage. Larval growth rates and pupal weights were determined. Thermal tolerance traits viz critical thermal maxima (CTmax), critical thermal minima (CTmin), heat knockdown time (HKDT), chill-coma recovery time (CCRT), and supercooling points (SCPs) were measured for the emerging adults from each treatment. The results showed that suboptimal diets significantly prolonged the developmental time of FAW larvae and reduced their growth rates and ultimate body weights, but did not impair their full development. Suboptimal diets (comprising non-cereal plants and drought-stressed cereal plants) increased the number of larval instars to eight compared to six for optimal natural diets (unstressed maize and pearl millet). Apart from direct effects, in all cases, suboptimal diets significantly reduced the heat tolerance of FAWs, but their effect on cold tolerance was recorded only in select cases (e.g., SCP). These results suggest host plant effects on the physical and thermal fitness of FAW, indicating a considerable degree of resilience against multiple stressors. This pest's resilience can present major drawbacks to its cultural management using suboptimal hosts (in crop rotations or intercrops) through its ability to survive on most host plants despite their water stress condition and gains in thermal fitness. The fate of FAW population persistence under multivariate environmental stresses is therefore not entirely subject to prior environmental host plant history or quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macdonald Mubayiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Honest Machekano
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Frank Chidawanyika
- Plant Health Department, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Brighton M. Mvumi
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Environment and Food Systems, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Bame Segaiso
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Casper Nyamukondiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
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32
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Liu S, Zenda T, Tian Z, Huang Z. Metabolic pathways engineering for drought or/and heat tolerance in cereals. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1111875. [PMID: 37810398 PMCID: PMC10557149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought (D) and heat (H) are the two major abiotic stresses hindering cereal crop growth and productivity, either singly or in combination (D/+H), by imposing various negative impacts on plant physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, this decreases overall cereal crop production and impacts global food availability and human nutrition. To achieve global food and nutrition security vis-a-vis global climate change, deployment of new strategies for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and higher nutritive value in cereals is imperative. This depends on first gaining a mechanistic understanding of the mechanisms underlying D/+H stress response. Meanwhile, functional genomics has revealed several stress-related genes that have been successfully used in target-gene approach to generate stress-tolerant cultivars and sustain crop productivity over the past decades. However, the fast-changing climate, coupled with the complexity and multigenic nature of D/+H tolerance suggest that single-gene/trait targeting may not suffice in improving such traits. Hence, in this review-cum-perspective, we advance that targeted multiple-gene or metabolic pathway manipulation could represent the most effective approach for improving D/+H stress tolerance. First, we highlight the impact of D/+H stress on cereal crops, and the elaborate plant physiological and molecular responses. We then discuss how key primary metabolism- and secondary metabolism-related metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, starch metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) biosynthesis, and phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling can be modified using modern molecular biotechnology approaches such as CRISPR-Cas9 system and synthetic biology (Synbio) to enhance D/+H tolerance in cereal crops. Understandably, several bottlenecks hinder metabolic pathway modification, including those related to feedback regulation, gene functional annotation, complex crosstalk between pathways, and metabolomics data and spatiotemporal gene expressions analyses. Nonetheless, recent advances in molecular biotechnology, genome-editing, single-cell metabolomics, and data annotation and analysis approaches, when integrated, offer unprecedented opportunities for pathway engineering for enhancing crop D/+H stress tolerance and improved yield. Especially, Synbio-based strategies will accelerate the development of climate resilient and nutrient-dense cereals, critical for achieving global food security and combating malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zaimin Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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Haq IU, Ullah S, Amin F, Nafees M, Shah W, Ali B, Iqbal R, Kaplan A, Ali MA, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Physiological and Germination Responses of Muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) Seeds to Varying Osmotic Potentials and Cardinal Temperatures via a Hydrothermal Time Model. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33266-33279. [PMID: 37744846 PMCID: PMC10515359 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Climatic changes have a direct negative impact on the growth, development, and productivity of crops. The water potential (ψ) and temperature (T) are important limiting factors that influence the rate of seed germination and growth indices. To examine how the germination of seed responds to changes in water potential and temperature, the hydrotime model and hydrothermal model (HTT) have been employed. The HTT calculates the concept of germination time across temperatures, between Tb-To, with alteration, and between Tb-Tc, in supra-optimal ranges. The seeds of Cucumis melo L. were germinated in the laboratory for a hydro-thermal time experiment. Seeds were sown in Petri dishes containing a double-layered filter paper at different osmotic potentials (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, and -0.8 MPa) by providing PEG 6000 (drought stress enhancer) at different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). The controlled replicate was treated with 10 mL of distilled water and the rest with 10 mL of PEG solution. Results indicated that the seed vigor index (SVI-II) was highest at 15 °C with 0 MPa and lowest at 30 °C with -0.2 MPa. However, the highest activity was shown at 15 °C by catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) at (-0.6 MPa), while the lowest values of CAT and GPX were recorded for control at 35 °C with -0.8 MPa at 35 °C, respectively. Germination energy was positively correlated with germination index (GI), germination percentage (G%), germination rate index, seed vigor index-I (SVI-I), mean moisture content (MMC), and root shoot ratio (RSR) and had a negative correlation with mean germination rate, percent moisture content of shoot and root, CAT, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase, and GPX. In conclusion, thermal and hydrotime models correctly predicted muskmelon germination time in response to varying water potential and temperature. The agronomic attributes were found to be maximum at 30 °C and minimum at 15 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz ul Haq
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Amin
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department
of Agroecology-Climate and Water, Aarhus
University, Blichers
Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Alevcan Kaplan
- Department
of Crop and Animal Production, Sason Vocational School, Batman Universitesi, Batman 72060, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum25240, Turkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum25240 ,Turkiye
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Hu S, Yan C, Fei Q, Zhang B, Wu W. MOF-based stimuli-responsive controlled release nanopesticide: mini review. Front Chem 2023; 11:1272725. [PMID: 37767340 PMCID: PMC10520976 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1272725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
By releasing an adequate amount of active ingredients when triggered by environmental and biological factors, the nanopesticides that respond to stimuli can enhance the efficacy of pesticides and contribute to the betterment of both the environment and food safety. The versatile nature and highly porous structure of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently garnered significant interest as drug carriers for various applications. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of metal-organic frameworks as nanocarriers for pesticide applications. This review focuses on the advancements, challenges, and potential future enhancements in the design of metal-organic frameworks as nanocarriers in the field of pesticides. We explore the various stimuli-responsive metal-organic frameworks carriers, particularly focusing on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), which have been successfully activated by external stimuli such as pH-responsive or multiple stimuli-responsive mechanisms. In conclusion, this paper presents the existing issues and future prospects of metal-organic frameworks-based nanopesticides with stimuli-responsive controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Hu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chang Yan
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiang Fei
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenneng Wu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
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35
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Vennam RR, Poudel S, Ramamoorthy P, Samiappan S, Reddy KR, Bheemanahalli R. Impact of soil moisture stress during the silk emergence and grain-filling in maize. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14029. [PMID: 37882307 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal soil moisture during the growing season often limits maize growth and yield. However, the growth stage-specific responses of maize to soil moisture regimes have not been thoroughly investigated. This study investigated the response of maize to five different soil moisture regimes, that are, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, 0.10, and 0.05 m3 m-3 volumetric water content (VWC), during flowering and grain-filling stages. Sub-optimal soil moisture at the flowering and grain-filling stages reduced ear leaf stomatal conductance by 73 and 64%, respectively. An increase in stress severity caused significant reductions in ear leaf chlorophyll content and greenness-associated vegetation indices across growth stages. Fourteen days of soil moisture stress during flowering delayed silk emergence, reduced silk length (19%), and silk fresh weight (34%). Furthermore, sub-optimal soil moisture caused a significant reduction in both kernel number (53%) and weight (54%). Soil moisture stress at the flowering had a direct impact on kernel number and an indirect effect on kernel weight. During grain-filling, disruption of ear leaf physiology resulted in a 34% decrease in kernel weight and a 43% decrease in kernel number. Unlike grain-filling, treatments at the flowering significantly reduced kernel starch (3%) and increased protein by 29%. These findings suggest that developing reproductive stage stress-tolerant hybrids with improved resilience to soil moisture stress could help reduce the yield gap between irrigated and rainfed maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadheer Reddy Vennam
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sadikshya Poudel
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - Sathishkumar Samiappan
- Geosystems Research Institute, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - K Raja Reddy
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Raju Bheemanahalli
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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Jiang D, Xia M, Xing H, Gong M, Jiang Y, Liu H, Li HL. Exploring the Heat Shock Transcription Factor ( HSF) Gene Family in Ginger: A Genome-Wide Investigation on Evolution, Expression Profiling, and Response to Developmental and Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2999. [PMID: 37631210 PMCID: PMC10459109 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Ginger is a valuable crop known for its nutritional, seasoning, and health benefits. However, abiotic stresses, such as high temperature and drought, can adversely affect its growth and development. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) have been recognized as crucial elements for enhancing heat and drought resistance in plants. Nevertheless, no previous study has investigated the HSF gene family in ginger. In this research, a total of 25 ZoHSF members were identified in the ginger genome, which were unevenly distributed across ten chromosomes. The ZoHSF members were divided into three groups (HSFA, HSFB, and HSFC) based on their gene structure, protein motifs, and phylogenetic relationships with Arabidopsis. Interestingly, we found more collinear gene pairs between ZoHSF and HSF genes from monocots, such as rice, wheat, and banana, than dicots like Arabidopsis thaliana. Additionally, we identified 12 ZoHSF genes that likely arose from duplication events. Promoter analysis revealed that the hormone response elements (MEJA-responsiveness and abscisic acid responsiveness) were dominant among the various cis-elements related to the abiotic stress response in ZoHSF promoters. Expression pattern analysis confirmed differential expression of ZoHSF members across different tissues, with most showing responsiveness to heat and drought stress. This study lays the foundation for further investigations into the functional role of ZoHSFs in regulating abiotic stress responses in ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhu Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; (D.J.); (M.X.); (H.X.); (Y.J.)
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 433200, China
| | - Maoqin Xia
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; (D.J.); (M.X.); (H.X.); (Y.J.)
| | - Haitao Xing
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; (D.J.); (M.X.); (H.X.); (Y.J.)
| | - Min Gong
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China;
| | - Yajun Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; (D.J.); (M.X.); (H.X.); (Y.J.)
| | - Huanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Hong-Lei Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China; (D.J.); (M.X.); (H.X.); (Y.J.)
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Tang Y, Li J, Song Q, Cheng Q, Tan Q, Zhou Q, Nong Z, Lv P. Transcriptome and WGCNA reveal hub genes in sugarcane tiller seedlings in response to drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12823. [PMID: 37550374 PMCID: PMC10406934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress can severely affect sugarcane growth and yield. The objective of this research was to identify candidate genes in sugarcane tillering seedlings in response to drought stress. We performed a comparative phenotypic, physiological and transcriptomic analysis of tiller seedlings of drought-stressed and well-watered "Guire 2" sugarcane, in a time-course experiment (5 days, 9 days and 15 days). Physiological examination reviewed that SOD, proline, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins accumulated in large amounts in tiller seedlings under different intensities of drought stress, while MDA levels remained at a stable level, indicating that the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances and the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities helped to limit further damage caused by drought stress. RNA-seq and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify genes and modules associated with sugarcane tillering seedlings in response to drought stress. Drought stress induced huge down-regulated in gene expression profiles, most of down-regulated genes were mainly associated with photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. We obtained four gene co-expression modules significantly associated with the physiological changes under drought stress (three modules positively correlated, one module negatively correlated), and found that LSG1-2, ERF1-2, SHKA, TIL, HSP18.1, HSP24.1, HSP16.1 and HSFA6A may play essential regulatory roles as hub genes in increasing SOD, Pro, soluble sugar or soluble protein contents. In addition, one module was found mostly involved in tiller stem diameter, among which members of the BHLH148 were important nodes. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which sugarcane tillering seedlings respond to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Tang
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Qiqi Song
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Qinliang Tan
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Quanguang Zhou
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zemei Nong
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, 22 Yongwu Road, Xingning District, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi Province, China
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Duc NH, Szentpéteri V, Mayer Z, Posta K. Distinct impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal isolates on tomato plant tolerance to drought combined with chronic and acute heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107892. [PMID: 37490823 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi could mitigate individual drought and heat stress in host plants. However, there are still major gaps in our understanding of AM symbiosis response to the combined stresses. Here, we compared seven AM fungi, Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Funneliformis geosporum, Funneliformis verruculosum, Funneliformis coronatum, Septoglomus deserticola, Septoglomus constrictum, distributed to many world regions in terms of their impacts on tomato endurance to combined drought and chronic heat as well as combined drought and heat shock. A multidisciplinary approach including morphometric, ecophysiological, biochemical, targeted metabolic (by ultrahigh-performance LC-MS), and molecular analyses was applied. The variation among AM fungi isolates in the enhancement in leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic activity, and maximal PSII photochemical efficiency, proline accumulation, antioxidant enzymes (POD, SOD, CAT), and lowered ROS markers (H2O2, MDA) in host plants under combined stresses were observed. S. constrictum inoculation could better enhanced the host plant physiology and biochemical parameters, while F. geosporum colonization less positively influenced the host plants than other treatments under both combined stresses. F. mosseae- and S. constrictum-associated plants showed the common AM-induced modifications and AM species-specific alterations in phytohormones (ABA, SA, JA, IAA), aquaporin (SlSIP1-2; SlTIP2-3; SlNIP2-1; SlPIP2-1) and abiotic stress-responsive genes (SlAREB1, SlLEA, SlHSP70, SlHSP90) in host plants under combined stresses. Altogether, mycorrhizal mitigation of the negative impacts of drought + prolonged heat and drought + acute heat, with the variation among different AM fungi isolates, depending on the specific combined stress and stress duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hong Duc
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Viktor Szentpéteri
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary; Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mayer
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Katalin Posta
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary; Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE), Gödöllő, Hungary.
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Fu H, Yang Y. How Plants Tolerate Salt Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5914-5934. [PMID: 37504290 PMCID: PMC10378706 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization inhibits plant growth and seriously restricts food security and agricultural development. Excessive salt can cause ionic stress, osmotic stress, and ultimately oxidative stress in plants. Plants exclude excess salt from their cells to help maintain ionic homeostasis and stimulate phytohormone signaling pathways, thereby balancing growth and stress tolerance to enhance their survival. Continuous innovations in scientific research techniques have allowed great strides in understanding how plants actively resist salt stress. Here, we briefly summarize recent achievements in elucidating ionic homeostasis, osmotic stress regulation, oxidative stress regulation, and plant hormonal responses under salt stress. Such achievements lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of plant salt-tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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40
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Tripathy KP, Mukherjee S, Mishra AK, Mann ME, Williams AP. Climate change will accelerate the high-end risk of compound drought and heatwave events. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219825120. [PMID: 37399379 PMCID: PMC10334742 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219825120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Compound drought and heatwave (CDHW) events have garnered increased attention due to their significant impacts on agriculture, energy, water resources, and ecosystems. We quantify the projected future shifts in CDHW characteristics (such as frequency, duration, and severity) due to continued anthropogenic warming relative to the baseline recent observed period (1982 to 2019). We combine weekly drought and heatwave information for 26 climate divisions across the globe, employing historical and projected model output from eight Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 GCMs and three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Statistically significant trends are revealed in the CDHW characteristics for both recent observed and model simulated future period (2020 to 2099). East Africa, North Australia, East North America, Central Asia, Central Europe, and Southeastern South America show the greatest increase in frequency through the late 21st century. The Southern Hemisphere displays a greater projected increase in CDHW occurrence, while the Northern Hemisphere displays a greater increase in CDHW severity. Regional warmings play a significant role in CDHW changes in most regions. These findings have implications for minimizing the impacts of extreme events and developing adaptation and mitigation policies to cope with increased risk on water, energy, and food sectors in critical geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar P. Tripathy
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
| | - Ashok K. Mishra
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
| | - Michael E. Mann
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104-6316
| | - A. Park Williams
- Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY10096
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41
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Tian Y, Peng K, Ma X, Ren Z, Lou G, Jiang Y, Xia J, Wang D, Yu J, Cang J. Overexpression of TaMYB4 Confers Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11090. [PMID: 37446268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Freezing stress is one of the main factors limiting the growth and yield of wheat. In this study, we found that TaMYB4 expression was significantly upregulated in the tillering nodes of the strong cold-resistant winter wheat variety Dongnongdongmai1 (Dn1) under freezing stress. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis, qRT-PCR and protein-DNA interaction experiments demonstrated that monodehydroascorbate reductase (TaMDHAR) is a direct target of TaMYB4. The results showed that overexpression of TaMYB4 enhanced the freezing tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. In TaMYB4 overexpression lines (OE-TaMYB4), AtMDHAR2 expression was upregulated and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle operation was enhanced. In addition, the expression of cold stress marker genes such as AtCBF1, AtCBF2, AtCBF3, AtCOR15A, AtCOR47, AtKIN1 and AtRD29A in OE-TaMYB4 lines was significantly upregulated. Therefore, TaMYB4 may increase freezing tolerance as a transcription factor (TF) in Arabidopsis through the AsA-GSH cycle and DREB/CBF signaling pathway. This study provides a potential gene for molecular breeding against freezing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kankan Peng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhipeng Ren
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guicheng Lou
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunshuang Jiang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingqiu Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Duojia Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Li J, Zhao M, Liu L, Guo X, Pei Y, Wang C, Song X. Exogenous Sorbitol Application Confers Drought Tolerance to Maize Seedlings through Up-Regulating Antioxidant System and Endogenous Sorbitol Biosynthesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2456. [PMID: 37447017 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the impacts of exogenous sorbitol on maize seedlings under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought stress. Six treatments were set: normal condition (CK), PEG (P), 10 mM sorbitol (10S), PEG plus 10 mM sorbitol (10SP), 100 mM sorbitol (100S) and PEG plus 100 mM sorbitol (100SP). Maize seedlings' growth under PEG-simulated drought stress was significantly inhibited and exogenous sorbitol largely alleviated this growth inhibition. The seedlings under 10SP treatment grew much better than those under P, 100S and 100SP treatments and no significant difference in growth parameters was observed between the control and 10S treatment. The seedlings treated with 10SP had higher contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline, ascorbic acid (AsA), reduced glutathione (GSH), sorbitol and relative water content, higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and aldose reductase, but lower contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and relative electrical conductivity than those treated with P, 100S and 100SP. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the transcript levels of genes encoding putative aldose reductase (AR) under P treatment were significantly up-regulated in sorbitol-applied treatments. Taken together, the results demonstrated that exogenous sorbitol application conferred drought tolerance to maize seedlings by up-regulating the expression levels of AR-related genes to enhance the accumulation of intracellular osmotic substances such as sorbitol and improve antioxidant systems to tone down the damage caused by drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Meiai Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ligong Liu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xinmei Guo
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yuhe Pei
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiyun Song
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Dhakar R, Nagar S, Sehgal VK, Jha PK, Singh MP, Chakraborty D, Mukherjee J, Prasad PV. Balancing water and radiation productivity suggests a clue for improving yields in wheat under combined water deficit and terminal heat stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1171479. [PMID: 37260936 PMCID: PMC10228752 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1171479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustaining crop yield under abiotic stresses with optimized resource use is a prerequisite for sustainable agriculture, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Water and heat stress are major abiotic stresses impacting crop growth and yield by influencing complex physiological and biochemical processes during the life cycle of crops. In a 2-year (2015-2017) research, spring wheat cv. HD-2967 was grown under deficit irrigation and delayed sowing conditions to impose water and terminal heat stresses, respectively. The data were analyzed for seasonal crop water use, radiation interception, water productivity (WP), and radiation productivity (RP) under combined water deficit and terminal heat stresses. Seasonal crop water use was significantly affected by stresses in the order of water + terminal heat > water > terminal heat. Water stress showed minimal effect on the light extinction coefficient and consequently on seasonal intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR). However, seasonal IPAR was primarily affected by combined water + terminal heat and terminal heat stress alone. The slope of crop water use and IPAR, i.e., canopy conductance, an indicator of canopy stomatal conductance, was more influenced by water stress than by terminal heat stress. Results showed that linear proportionality between WP and RP is no longer valid under stress conditions, as it follows a curvilinear relation. This is further supported by the fact that independent productivity (either water or radiation) lacked the ability to explain variability in the final economic yield or biomass of wheat. However, the ratio of RP to WP explained the variability in wheat yield/biomass under individual or combined stresses. This suggests a clue for improving higher wheat yield under stress by managing WP and RP. The highest biomass or yield is realized when the ratio of RP to WP approaches unity. Screening of genotypes for traits leading to a higher ratio of RP to WP provides an opportunity for improving wheat productivity under stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Dhakar
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivani Nagar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Sehgal
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Jha
- Feed the Future Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Debasish Chakraborty
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - P.V. Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Li Q, Liu N, Wu C. Novel insights into maize (Zea mays) development and organogenesis for agricultural optimization. PLANTA 2023; 257:94. [PMID: 37031436 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In maize, intrinsic hormone activities and sap fluxes facilitate organogenesis patterning and plant holistic development; these hormone movements should be a primary focus of developmental biology and agricultural optimization strategies. Maize (Zea mays) is an important crop plant with distinctive life history characteristics and structural features. Genetic studies have extended our knowledge of maize developmental processes, genetics, and molecular ecophysiology. In this review, the classical life cycle and life history strategies of maize are analyzed to identify spatiotemporal organogenesis properties and develop a definitive understanding of maize development. The actions of genes and hormones involved in maize organogenesis and sex determination, along with potential molecular mechanisms, are investigated, with findings suggesting central roles of auxin and cytokinins in regulating maize holistic development. Furthermore, investigation of morphological and structural characteristics of maize, particularly node ubiquity and the alternate attachment pattern of lateral organs, yields a novel regulatory model suggesting that maize organ initiation and subsequent development are derived from the stimulation and interaction of auxin and cytokinin fluxes. Propositions that hormone activities and sap flow pathways control organogenesis are thoroughly explored, and initiation and development processes of distinctive maize organs are discussed. Analysis of physiological factors driving hormone and sap movement implicates cues of whole-plant activity for hormone and sap fluxes to stimulate maize inflorescence initiation and organ identity determination. The physiological origins and biogenetic mechanisms underlying maize floral sex determination occurring at the tassel and ear spikelet are thoroughly investigated. The comprehensive outline of maize development and morphogenetic physiology developed in this review will enable farmers to optimize field management and will provide a reference for de novo crop domestication and germplasm improvement using genome editing biotechnologies, promoting agricultural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Li
- Crop Genesis and Novel Agronomy Center, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Shandong ZhongnongTiantai Seed Co., Ltd, Pingyi, 273300, Shandong, China
| | - Chenglai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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45
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Sandhu S, Ranjan R, Sharda R. Root plasticity: an effective selection technique for identification of drought tolerant maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5501. [PMID: 37015971 PMCID: PMC10073119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The decline in tropical maize productivity due to climatic vulnerability is a matter of serious concern as being a food and feed/fodder commodity, it is an important crop for the sustenance of human life. Genetic selections and development of water deficit stress (WDS) tolerant commercial varieties have potential to offset the impact of changing temperatures and precipitation. For trait-specific genetic enhancement, there is a need to understand a suite of adaptation strategies for crop. We studied the response of various shoot and root traits in 71 maize inbreds of diverse origin under simulated sub-optimal water supply controlled conditions, delineated an array of traits which must be considered for selection for WDS and validated the inbreds harbouring tolerance to WDS for selection of authentic donor lines to develop WDS tolerant hybrids. A large data set was limited to uncorrelated traits based on principal component analysis and variability among maize lines was deciphered using heatmap dendrogram. We also reported the relevance of root anatomical plasticity to the inherent potential of lines to combat WDS. We recommend incorporating the changes in number and diameter of xylem and metaxylem under simulated controlled conditions as a part of precise phenotyping for WDS in maize. The study led to identification of WDS tolerant line LM22 in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder Sandhu
- Maize Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.
| | - Rumesh Ranjan
- Maize Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Rakesh Sharda
- Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
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46
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Saleem K, Asghar MA, Raza A, Javed HH, Farooq TH, Ahmad MA, Rahman A, Ullah A, Song B, Du J, Xu F, Riaz A, Yong JWH. Biochar-Mediated Control of Metabolites and Other Physiological Responses in Water-Stressed Leptocohloa fusca. Metabolites 2023; 13:511. [PMID: 37110169 PMCID: PMC10146376 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated biochar-induced drought tolerance in Leptocohloa fusca (Kallar grass) by exploring the plant defense system at physiological level. L. fusca plants were exposed to drought stress (100%, 70%, and 30% field capacity), and biochar (BC), as an organic soil amendment was applied in two concentrations (15 and 30 mg kg-1 soil) to induce drought tolerance. Our results demonstrated that drought restricted the growth of L. fusca by inhibiting shoot and root (fresh and dry) weight, total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. Under drought stress, the uptake of essential nutrients was also limited due to lower water supply, which ultimately affected metabolites including amino and organic acids, and soluble sugars. In addition, drought stress induced oxidative stress, which is evidenced by the higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide ion (O2-), hydroxyl ion (OH-), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The current study revealed that stress-induced oxidative injury is not a linear path, since the excessive production of lipid peroxidation led to the accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG), a member of reactive carbonyl species (RCS), which ultimately caused cell injury. As a consequence of oxidative-stress induction, the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway, followed by a series of reactions, was activated by the plants to reduce ROS-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, biochar considerably improved plant growth and development by mediating metabolites and soil physio-chemical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khansa Saleem
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2 Brunzvik St., 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Ali Raza
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hafiz Hassan Javed
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Taimoor Hassan Farooq
- Bangor College China, A Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Altafur Rahman
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2 Brunzvik St., 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Baiquan Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Junbo Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Aamir Riaz
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jean W. H. Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23456 Alnarp, Sweden
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47
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Alluqmani SM, Alabdallah NM. Exogenous application of carbon nanoparticles alleviates drought stress by regulating water status, chlorophyll fluorescence, osmoprotectants, and antioxidant enzyme activity in Capsicum annumn L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57423-57433. [PMID: 36966248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses that has a huge negative effect on crop yield. Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have received greater attention for their impact on the plants under abiotic stress conditions. However, it is urgently required to apply CNPs to the chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Kaskada), which has not yet been studied. The goal of this study was to find out how CNPs affect the growth of chili pepper plants, chlorophyll pigments, proline content, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes when the plants are stressed by drought. Therefore, we synthesized and functionalized CNPs of oil fly ash by one-pot ball milling fabrication. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to identify oxidative moieties on the CNPs surface after exposure to nitric and acetic acids. In the present study, functionalized CNPs were sprayed onto the leaves of 20-day-old plants at various concentrations (6 and 12 mg L-1) to determine their effects. We demonstrate that drought stress considerably reduces the plant height, fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW). Nevertheless, the exogenous application of functionalized CNPs caused an increase in relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) under drought stress. Exogenous functionalized CNPs dramatically increased proline content under drought by reducing abscisic acid (ABA) content in the leaves. When subjected to drought stress, functionalized CNPs boosted antioxidant activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Overall, the positive effects of CNPs on chili pepper seedlings open up new possibilities for developing innovative agricultural techniques, especially when plants are grown in drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh M Alluqmani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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48
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Gao J, Zhang Y, Xu C, Wang X, Wang P, Huang S. Abscisic acid collaborates with lignin and flavonoid to improve pre-silking drought tolerance by tuning stem elongation and ear development in maize (Zea mays L.). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:437-454. [PMID: 36786687 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress reducing maize (Zea mays) yield worldwide especially before and during silking. The mechanism underlying drought tolerance in maize and the roles of different organs have not been elucidated. Hence, we conducted field trials under pre-silking drought conditions using two maize genotypes: FM985 (drought-tolerant) and ZD958 (drought-sensitive). The two genotypes did not differ in plant height, grain number, and yield under control conditions. However, the grain number per ear and the yield of FM985 were 38.1 and 35.1% higher and plants were 17.6% shorter than ZD958 under drought conditions. More 13 C photosynthates were transported to the ear in FM985 than in ZD958, which increased floret fertility and grain number. The number of differentially expressed genes was much higher in stem than in other organs. Stem-ear interactions are key determinants of drought tolerance, in which expression of genes related to abscisic acid, lignin, and flavonoid biosynthesis and carbon metabolism in the stem was induced by drought, which inhibited stem elongation and promoted assimilate allocation to the ear in FM985. In comparison with ZD958, the activities of trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase and sucrose non-fermentation-associated kinase 1 were higher in the stem and lower in the kernel of FM985, which facilitated kernel formation. These results reveal that, beyond the ear response, stem elongation is involved in the whole process of drought tolerance before silking. Abscisic acid together with trehalose 6-phosphate, lignin, and flavonoid suppresses stem elongation and allocates assimilates into the ear, providing a novel and systematic regulatory pathway for drought tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shoubing Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Crop High Efficient Use of Water in Wuqiao, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuqiao, 061802, China
- Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao, 061802, China
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49
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Kaseb MO, Umer MJ, Lu X, He N, Anees M, El-Remaly E, Yousef AF, Salama EAA, Kalaji HM, Liu W. Comparative physiological and biochemical mechanisms in diploid, triploid, and tetraploid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) grafted by branches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4993. [PMID: 36973331 PMCID: PMC10043263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed production for polyploid watermelons is costly, complex, and labor-intensive. Tetraploid and triploid plants produce fewer seeds/fruit, and triploid embryos have a harder seed coat and are generally weaker than diploid seeds. In this study, we propagated tetraploid and triploid watermelons by grafting cuttings onto gourd rootstock (C. maxima × C. mochata). We used three different scions: the apical meristem (AM), one-node (1N), and two-node (2N) branches of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid watermelon plants. We then evaluated the effects of grafting on plant survival, some biochemical traits, oxidants, antioxidants, and hormone levels at different time points. We found significant differences between the polyploid watermelons when the 1N was used as a scion. Tetraploid watermelons had the highest survival rates and the highest levels of hormones, carbohydrates, and antioxidant activity compared to diploid watermelons, which may explain the high compatibility of tetraploid watermelons and the deterioration of the graft zone in diploid watermelons. Our results show that hormone production and enzyme activity with high carbohydrate content, particularly in the 2-3 days after transplantation, contribute to a high survival rate. Sugar application resulted in increased carbohydrate accumulation in the grafted combination. This study also presents an alternative and cost-effective approach to producing more tetraploid and triploid watermelon plants for breeding and seed production by using branches as sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omar Kaseb
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12611, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Eman El-Remaly
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12611, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ehab A A Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore, 641003, India
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
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50
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Niaz M, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Yan X, Yuan M, Cheng Y, Lv G, Fadlalla T, Zhao L, Sun C, Chen F. Genetic and molecular basis of carotenoid metabolism in cereals. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:63. [PMID: 36939900 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are vital pigments for higher plants and play a crucial function in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Carotenoids are precursors of vitamin A synthesis and contribute to human nutrition and health. However, cereal grain endosperm contains a minor carotenoid measure and a scarce supply of provitamin A content. Therefore, improving the carotenoids in cereal grain is of major importance. Carotenoid content is governed by multiple candidate genes with their additive effects. Studies on genes related to carotenoid metabolism in cereals would increase the knowledge of potential metabolic steps of carotenoids and enhance the quality of crop plants. Recognizing the metabolism and carotenoid accumulation in various staple cereal crops over the last few decades has broadened our perspective on the interdisciplinary regulation of carotenogenesis. Meanwhile, the amelioration in metabolic engineering approaches has been exploited to step up the level of carotenoid and valuable industrial metabolites in many crops, but wheat is still considerable in this matter. In this study, we present a comprehensive overview of the consequences of biosynthetic and catabolic genes on carotenoid biosynthesis, current improvements in regulatory disciplines of carotenogenesis, and metabolic engineering of carotenoids. A panoptic and deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of carotenoid metabolism and genetic manipulation (genome selection and gene editing) will be useful in improving the carotenoid content of cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Niaz
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiangning Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Minjie Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - YongZhen Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guoguo Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tarig Fadlalla
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Faculty of Agriculture, Nile valley University, Atbara, 346, Sudan
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Congwei Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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