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Pelaz SG, Flores-Hernández R, Vujic T, Schvartz D, Álvarez-Vázquez A, Ding Y, García-Vicente L, Belloso A, Talaverón R, Sánchez JC, Tabernero A. A proteomic approach supports the clinical relevance of TAT-Cx43 266-283 in glioblastoma. Transl Res 2024; 272:95-110. [PMID: 38876188 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain cancer. The Src inhibitor, TAT-Cx43266-283, exerts antitumor effects in in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. Because addressing the mechanism of action is essential to translate these results to a clinical setting, in this study we carried out an unbiased proteomic approach. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry proteomics allowed the identification of 190 proteins whose abundance was modified by TAT-Cx43266-283. Our results were consistent with the inhibition of Src as the mechanism of action of TAT-Cx43266-283 and unveiled antitumor effectors, such as p120 catenin. Changes in the abundance of several proteins suggested that TAT-Cx43266-283 may also impact the brain microenvironment. Importantly, the proteins whose abundance was reduced by TAT-Cx43266-283 correlated with an improved GBM patient survival in clinical datasets and none of the proteins whose abundance was increased by TAT-Cx43266-283 correlated with shorter survival, supporting its use in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Pelaz
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
| | - Raquel Flores-Hernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Tatjana Vujic
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Lausanne Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domitille Schvartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Proteomics Core Facility, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Álvarez-Vázquez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Yuxin Ding
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Laura García-Vicente
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Aitana Belloso
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Rocío Talaverón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | | | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
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2
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Li C, Niu Y, Chen J, Geng S, Wu P, Dai L, Dong C, Liu R, Shi Y, Wang X, Gao Z, Liu X, Yang X, Gao S. Plexin D1 negatively regulates macrophage-derived foam cell migration via the focal adhesion kinase/Paxillin pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150236. [PMID: 38897039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-derived foam cell formation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and is retained during plaque formation. Strategies to inhibit the accumulation of these cells hold promise as viable options for treating atherosclerosis. Plexin D1 (PLXND1), a member of the Plexin family, has elevated expression in atherosclerotic plaques and correlates with cell migration; however, its role in macrophages remains unclear. We hypothesize that the guidance receptor PLXND1 negatively regulating macrophage mobility to promote the progression of atherosclerosis. METHODS We utilized a mouse model of atherosclerosis based on a high-fat diet and an ox-LDL- induced foam cell model to assess PLXND1 levels and their impact on cell migration. Through western blotting, Transwell assays, and immunofluorescence staining, we explored the potential mechanism by which PLXND1 mediates foam cell motility in atherosclerosis. RESULTS Our study identifies a critical role for PLXND1 in atherosclerosis plaques and in a low-migration capacity foam cell model induced by ox-LDL. In the aortic sinus plaques of ApoE-/- mice, immunofluorescence staining revealed significant upregulation of PLXND1 and Sema3E, with colocalization in macrophages. In macrophages treated with ox-LDL, increased expression of PLXND1 led to reduced pseudopodia formation and decreased migratory capacity. PLXND1 is involved in regulating macrophage migration by modulating the phosphorylation levels of FAK/Paxillin and downstream CDC42/PAK. Additionally, FAK inhibitors counteract the ox-LDL-induced migration suppression by modulating the phosphorylation states of FAK, Paxillin and their downstream effectors CDC42 and PAK. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that PLXND1 plays a role in regulating macrophage migration by modulating the phosphorylation levels of FAK/Paxillin and downstream CDC42/PAK to promoting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Li
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Yan Niu
- Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Shijia Geng
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Lina Dai
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Chongyang Dong
- Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Rujin Liu
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Yuanjia Shi
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Graduate School of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Zhanfeng Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China.
| | - Shang Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China; Medical Experiments Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, PR China.
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Eshaq AM, Flanagan TW, Hassan SY, Al Asheikh SA, Al-Amoudi WA, Santourlidis S, Hassan SL, Alamodi MO, Bendhack ML, Alamodi MO, Haikel Y, Megahed M, Hassan M. Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Their Structure and Mechanistic Role in Tumor Progression and Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2754. [PMID: 39123481 PMCID: PMC11311543 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) function as key molecules in the signaling pathways in addition to their impact as a therapeutic target for the treatment of many human diseases, including cancer. PTKs are characterized by their ability to phosphorylate serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues and can thereby rapidly and reversibly alter the function of their protein substrates in the form of significant changes in protein confirmation and affinity for their interaction with protein partners to drive cellular functions under normal and pathological conditions. PTKs are classified into two groups: one of which represents tyrosine kinases, while the other one includes the members of the serine/threonine kinases. The group of tyrosine kinases is subdivided into subgroups: one of them includes the member of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), while the other subgroup includes the member of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs). Both these kinase groups function as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions. NRTKs are enzymes which are overexpressed and activated in many cancer types and regulate variable cellular functions in response to extracellular signaling-dependent mechanisms. NRTK-mediated different cellular functions are regulated by kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms either in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus. Thus, targeting NRTKs is of great interest to improve the treatment strategy of different tumor types. This review deals with the structure and mechanistic role of NRTKs in tumor progression and resistance and their importance as therapeutic targets in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz M. Eshaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Thomas W. Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sara A. Al Asheikh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Waleed A. Al-Amoudi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Institute of Cell Therapeutics and Diagnostics, University Medical Center of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Maryam O. Alamodi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Marcelo L. Bendhack
- Department of Urology, Red Cross University Hospital, Positivo University, Rua Mauá 1111, Curitiba 80030-200, Brazil;
| | - Mohammed O. Alamodi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mossad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Diaz-Jimenez A, Ramos M, Helm B, Chocarro S, Frey DL, Agrawal S, Somogyi K, Klingmüller U, Lu J, Sotillo R. Concurrent inhibition of ALK and SRC kinases disrupts the ALK lung tumor cell proteome. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 74:101081. [PMID: 38521003 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Precision oncology has revolutionized the treatment of ALK-positive lung cancer with targeted therapies. However, an unmet clinical need still to address is the treatment of refractory tumors that contain drug-induced resistant mutations in the driver oncogene or exhibit resistance through the activation of diverse mechanisms. In this study, we established mouse tumor-derived cell models representing the two most prevalent EML4-ALK variants in human lung adenocarcinomas and characterized their proteomic profiles to gain insights into the underlying resistance mechanisms. We showed that Eml4-Alk variant 3 confers a worse response to ALK inhibitors, suggesting its role in promoting resistance to targeted therapy. In addition, proteomic analysis of brigatinib-treated cells revealed the upregulation of SRC kinase, a protein frequently activated in cancer. Co-targeting of ALK and SRC showed remarkable inhibitory effects in both ALK-driven murine and ALK-patient-derived lung tumor cells. This combination induced cell death through a multifaceted mechanism characterized by profound perturbation of the (phospho)proteomic landscape and a synergistic suppressive effect on the mTOR pathway. Our study demonstrates that the simultaneous inhibition of ALK and SRC can potentially overcome resistance mechanisms and enhance clinical outcomes in ALK-positive lung cancer patients. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY: Co-targeting ALK and SRC enhances ALK inhibitor response in lung cancer by affecting the proteomic profile, offering hope for overcoming resistance and improving clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Diaz-Jimenez
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Maria Ramos
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Barbara Helm
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Germany
| | - Sara Chocarro
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Dario Lucas Frey
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Shubham Agrawal
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Kalman Somogyi
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ursula Klingmüller
- Division of Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Germany
| | - Junyan Lu
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Rocio Sotillo
- Division of Molecular Thoracic Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Germany.
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5
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Miskin RP, DiPersio CM. Roles for epithelial integrin α3β1 in regulation of the microenvironment during normal and pathological tissue remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1308-C1319. [PMID: 38497112 PMCID: PMC11371326 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00128.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Integrin receptors for the extracellular matrix activate intracellular signaling pathways that are critical for tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration/repair, and their loss or dysregulation contributes to many developmental defects and tissue pathologies. This review will focus on tissue remodeling roles for integrin α3β1, a receptor for laminins found in the basement membranes (BMs) that underlie epithelial cell layers. As a paradigm, we will discuss literature that supports a role for α3β1 in promoting ability of epidermal keratinocytes to modify their tissue microenvironment during skin development, wound healing, or tumorigenesis. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that this role depends largely on ability of α3β1 to govern the keratinocyte's repertoire of secreted proteins, or the "secretome," including 1) matrix proteins and proteases involved in matrix remodeling and 2) paracrine-acting growth factors/cytokines that stimulate other cells with important tissue remodeling functions (e.g., endothelial cells, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells). Moreover, α3β1 signaling controls gene expression that helps epithelial cells carry out these functions, including genes that encode secreted matrix proteins, proteases, growth factors, or cytokines. We will review what is known about α3β1-dependent gene regulation through both transcription and posttranscriptional mRNA stability. Regarding the latter, we will discuss examples of α3β1-dependent alternative splicing (AS) or alternative polyadenylation (APA) that prevents inclusion of cis-acting mRNA sequences that would otherwise target the transcript for degradation via nonsense-mediated decay or destabilizing AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Finally, we will discuss prospects and anticipated challenges of exploiting α3β1 as a clinical target for the treatment of cancer or wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Michael DiPersio
- Department of Surgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States
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Al Ashmar S, Anlar GG, Krzyslak H, Djouhri L, Kamareddine L, Pedersen S, Zeidan A. Proteomic Analysis of Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Patients: Exploring the Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4896. [PMID: 38732116 PMCID: PMC11084483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a pervasive and widespread health condition that poses a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which includes conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. Despite its widespread occurrence, the exact cause of hypertension remains unknown, and the mechanisms underlying the progression from prehypertension to hypertension require further investigation. Recent proteomic studies have shown promising results in uncovering potential biomarkers related to disease development. In this study, serum proteomic data collected from Qatar Biobank were analyzed to identify altered protein expression between individuals with normal blood pressure, prehypertension, and hypertension and to elucidate the biological pathways contributing to this disease. The results revealed a cluster of proteins, including the SRC family, CAMK2B, CAMK2D, TEC, GSK3, VAV, and RAC, which were markedly upregulated in patients with hypertension compared to those with prehypertension (fold change ≥ 1.6 or ≤-1.6, area under the curve ≥ 0.8, and q-value < 0.05). Pathway analysis showed that the majority of these proteins play a role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Actin cytoskeleton reorganization affects various biological processes that contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure, including vascular tone, endothelial function, cellular signaling, inflammation, fibrosis, and mechanosensing. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest a potential novel role of actin cytoskeleton-related proteins in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension. The present study sheds light on the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in hypertension and could pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al Ashmar
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Gulsen Guliz Anlar
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Hubert Krzyslak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark;
| | - Laiche Djouhri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Layla Kamareddine
- Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.A.A.); (G.G.A.); (L.D.)
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Liu H, Li X, Shi Y, Ye Z, Cheng X. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PRL-3: A Key Player in Cancer Signaling. Biomolecules 2024; 14:342. [PMID: 38540761 PMCID: PMC10967961 DOI: 10.3390/biom14030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatases are primarily responsible for dephosphorylation modification within signal transduction pathways. Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is a dual-specific phosphatase implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Understanding PRL-3's intricate functions and developing targeted therapies is crucial for advancing cancer treatment. This review highlights its regulatory mechanisms, expression patterns, and multifaceted roles in cancer progression. PRL-3's involvement in proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance is discussed. Regulatory mechanisms encompass transcriptional control, alternative splicing, and post-translational modifications. PRL-3 exhibits selective expressions in specific cancer types, making it a potential target for therapy. Despite advances in small molecule inhibitors, further research is needed for clinical application. PRL-3-zumab, a humanized antibody, shows promise in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Our review summarizes the current understanding of the cancer-related cellular function of PRL-3, its prognostic value, and the research progress of therapeutic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiao Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China;
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Zu Ye
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
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8
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Sventitskaya MA, Ogneva IV. Reorganization of the mouse oocyte' cytoskeleton after cultivation under simulated weightlessness. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2024; 40:8-18. [PMID: 38245351 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Female germ cells provide the structural basis for the development of a new organism, while the main molecular mechanisms of the impact of weightlessness on the cell remain unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the relative content and distribution of the main proteins of microtubules and microfilaments, to assess the relative RNA content of genes in mouse oocytes after short-term exposure to simulated microgravity, and to determine the potential for embryo development up to the 3-cell stage. Before starting the study, BALB/c mice were divided into two groups. One group received water and standard food without any modifications. Before exposure to simulated microgravity, the oocytes of these animals were randomly divided into two groups - c and µg. The second group of animals additionally received essential phospholipids containing at least 80% phosphatidylcholines, per os for 6 weeks before the start of the experiment at a dosage of 350 mg/kg of the animal's body to modify the lipid composition of the oocyte membrane. The obtained oocytes of these animals were also randomly divided into two groups - ce and µge. To determine the protein distribution and its relative content, immunofluorescence analysis was performed, and the RNA content of genes was assessed using real-time PCR with reverse transcription. After cultivation under simulated microgravity, beta-actin and acetylated alpha-tubulin are redistributed from the cortical layer to the central part of the oocyte, and the relative content of acetylated alpha-tubulin and tubulin isoforms decreases. At the same time, the mRNA content of most genes encoding cytoskeletal proteins was significantly higher in comparison with the control level. The use of essential phospholipids led to a decrease in the content of cellular cholesterol in the oocyte and leveled changes in the content and redistribution of acetylated alpha-tubulin and beta-actin after cultivation under simulated microgravity. In addition, after in vitro fertilization and further cultivation under simulated weightlessness, we observed a decrease in the number of embryos that passed the stage of the 2-cell embryo, but while taking essential phospholipids, the number of embryos that reached the 3-cell stage did not differ from the control group. The results obtained show changes in the content and redistribution of cytoskeletal proteins in the oocyte, which may be involved in the process of pronucleus migration, the formation of the fission spindle and the contractile ring under simulated weightlessness, which may be important for normal fertilization and cleavage of the future embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Sventitskaya
- Cell Biophysics Laboratory, State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 76a, Khoroshevskoyoeshosse, Moscow, 123007, Russia; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Irina V Ogneva
- Cell Biophysics Laboratory, State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 76a, Khoroshevskoyoeshosse, Moscow, 123007, Russia; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
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9
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Zhao Z, Chen J, Jiang Y, Lu Y. The E156K mutation in the CRYAA gene affects the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration of human lens epithelial cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23690. [PMID: 38187316 PMCID: PMC10770500 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigated the biological effects of E156K-mutated αA-crystallin (CRYAA) in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). Methods FLAG-tagged, human, full-length, wild-type (WT), or E156K-mutated CRYAA was expressed in HLECs under CRYAA knockdown. CRYAA expression was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting (WB). Rhodamine cytoskeleton staining was used to observe the changes in cell morphology following transfection with WT or E156K-mutated CRYAA plasmids. WB was performed to assess the expression of markers related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration. Results Rhodamine cytoskeleton staining revealed changes in the morphology of cells transfected with E156K-mutated CRYAA and opposite responses occurred after treatment with a β-catenin inhibitor. Cells transfected with E156K-mutated CRYAA expressed remarkably higher levels of the mesenchymal biomarkers N-cadherin and vimentin but decreased levels of the epithelial biomarker E-cadherin, whereas opposite trends were observed in cells treated with the β-catenin inhibitor, ICG001. The migratory capability of E156K-mutated CRYAA cells was significantly greater than that of WT cells (P < 0.001). This effect was accompanied by significantly increased expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and p-Src. These changes were decreased significantly by treatment with FAK and Src inhibitors. Conclusion E156K-mutated CRYAA induced EMT, in which the HLECs lost cell polarity, and acquired a mesenchymal phenotype with greater migratory capability. These biological effects may be associated with activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin and FAK/Src signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxiang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zhao Z, Wang X, Ma Y, Duan X. Atp6v1h Deficiency Blocks Bone Loss in Simulated Microgravity Mice through the Fos-Jun-Src-Integrin Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:637. [PMID: 38203808 PMCID: PMC10779874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The microgravity conditions in outer space are widely acknowledged to induce significant bone loss. Recent studies have implicated the close relationship between Atp6v1h gene and bone loss. Despite this, the role of Atp6v1h in bone remodeling and its molecular mechanisms in microgravity have not been fully elucidated. To address this, we used a mouse tail suspension model to simulate microgravity. We categorized both wild-type and Atp6v1h knockout (Atp6v1h+/-) mice into two groups: regular feeding and tail-suspension feeding, ensuring uniform feeding conditions across all cohorts. Analysis via micro-CT scanning, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase assays indicated that wild-type mice underwent bone loss under simulated microgravity. Atp6v1h+/- mice exhibited bone loss due to Atp6v1h deficiency but did not present aggravated bone loss under the same simulated microgravity. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed the upregulation of genes, such as Fos, Src, Jun, and various integrin subunits in the context of simulated microgravity and Atp6v1h knockout. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) further validated the modulation of downstream osteoclast-related genes in response to interactions with ATP6V1H overexpression cell lines. Co-immunoprecipitation indicated potential interactions between ATP6V1H and integrin beta 1, beta 3, beta 5, alpha 2b, and alpha 5. Our results indicate that Atp6v1h level influences bone loss in simulated microgravity by modulating the Fos-Jun-Src-Integrin pathway, which, in turn, affects osteoclast activity and bone resorption, with implications for osteoporosis. Therefore, modulating Atp6v1h expression could mitigate bone loss in microgravity conditions. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of Atp6v1h's role in osteoporosis and positions it as a potential therapeutic target against environmental bone loss. These findings open new possibilities for the treatment of multifactorial osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Z.); (X.W.); (Y.M.)
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11
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Erdogan MA, Yılmaz OA. Rottlerin and genistein inhibit neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion through EF2K suppression and related protein pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2481-2500. [PMID: 37083712 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumors in children younger than 1 year of age, with poor prognosis and survival rates. Therefore, novel molecular targets and therapeutic strategies are needed to prolong patient survival. For this purpose, we investigated the effects of rottlerin and genistein separately and in combination on neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y, Kelly). First, the effects of rottlerin and genistein were investigated on cell proliferation. Different rottlerin (1-50 µM) and genistein (5-150 µM) doses were used as experimental groups compared to the control (DMSO/vehicle). The IC50 dose was found to be 5 µM for rottlerin and 30 µM for genistein (P < 0.0001). Other analyses, such as colony formation assays, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, matrigel invasion assays, and Western blot analysis, were performed with these doses and their combinations. To assess statistical significance, statistical analysis was conducted using the one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey test. Our results showed that IC50 doses of rottlerin and genistein induced a significant reduction in cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion in neuroblastoma cells (P < 0.0001). The combination of these doses increased the levels of inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion while decreasing the level of apoptosis (P 0.0001). Furthermore, these agents caused G1-cell cycle arrest in these cells. Our western blot data showed that rottlerin and genistein treatments markedly inhibit elongation factor 2 kinase (EF2K) and other pro-tumorigenic, metastatic proteins in neuroblastoma cells. These agents probably showed their anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, and pro-apoptotic effects through EF2K downregulation. Our results suggested that rottlerin and genistein have inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle and induce apoptosis in both cell lines. Combined treatment with rottlerin and genistein may be a viable approach and beneficial to neuroblastoma patients as the combined effect significantly suppresses the above-mentioned pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Alkan Yılmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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12
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Androutsopoulos G, Styliara I, Zarogianni E, Lazurko N, Valasoulis G, Michail G, Adonakis G. The ErbB Signaling Network and Its Potential Role in Endometrial Cancer. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:24. [PMID: 37873809 PMCID: PMC10594534 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common malignancy of the female reproductive system worldwide. The updated EC classification emphasizes the significant role of various signaling pathways such as PIK3CA-PIK3R1-PTEN and RTK/RAS/β-catenin in EC pathogenesis. Some of these pathways are part of the EGF system signaling network, which becomes hyperactivated by various mechanisms and participates in cancer pathogenesis. In EC, the expression of ErbB receptors is significantly different, compared with the premenopausal and postmenopausal endometrium, mainly because of the increased transcriptional activity of ErbB encoding genes in EC cells. Moreover, there are some differences in ErbB-2 receptor profile among EC subgroups that could be explained by the alterations in pathophysiology and clinical behavior of various EC histologic subtypes. The fact that ErbB-2 receptor expression is more common in aggressive EC histologic subtypes (papillary serous and clear cell) could indicate a future role of ErbB-targeted therapies in well-defined EC subgroups with overexpression of ErbB receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Androutsopoulos
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Ioanna Styliara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Evgenia Zarogianni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Nadia Lazurko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - George Valasoulis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece;
- Hellenic National Public Health Organization—ECDC, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Michail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Georgios Adonakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
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13
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Luz Y, Rebouças A, Bernardes CPOS, Rossi EA, Machado TS, Souza BSF, Brodskyn CI, Veras PST, dos Santos WLC, de Menezes JPB. Leishmania infection alters macrophage and dendritic cell migration in a three-dimensional environment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1206049. [PMID: 37576604 PMCID: PMC10416637 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1206049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis results in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from skin lesions at the site of infection to disseminated lesions in internal organs, such as the spleen and liver. While the ability of Leishmania-infected host cells to migrate may be important to lesion distribution and parasite dissemination, the underlying mechanisms and the accompanying role of host cells remain poorly understood. Previously published work has shown that Leishmania infection inhibits macrophage migration in a 2-dimensional (2D) environment by altering actin dynamics and impairing the expression of proteins involved in plasma membrane-extracellular matrix interactions. Although it was shown that L. infantum induces the 2D migration of dendritic cells, in vivo cell migration primarily occurs in 3-dimensional (3D) environments. The present study aimed to investigate the migration of macrophages and dendritic cells infected by Leishmania using a 3-dimensional environment, as well as shed light on the mechanisms involved in this process. Methods: Following the infection of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), human macrophages and human dendritic cells by L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, or L. infantum, cellular migration, the formation of adhesion complexes and actin polymerization were evaluated. Results: Our results indicate that Leishmania infection inhibited 3D migration in both BMDM and human macrophages. Reduced expression of proteins involved in adhesion complex formation and alterations in actin dynamics were also observed in Leishmania-infected macrophages. By contrast, increased human dendritic cell migration in a 3D environment was found to be associated with enhanced adhesion complex formation and increased actin dynamics. Conclusion: Taken together, our results show that Leishmania infection inhibits macrophage 3D migration, while enhancing dendritic 3D migration by altering actin dynamics and the expression of proteins involved in plasma membrane extracellular matrix interactions, suggesting a potential association between dendritic cells and disease visceralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Luz
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Amanda Rebouças
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Erik A. Rossi
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Taíse S. Machado
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno S. F. Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Claudia Ida Brodskyn
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Patricia S. T. Veras
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana P. B. de Menezes
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador, Brazil
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14
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Cai T, Peng J, Omrane M, Benzoubir N, Samuel D, Gassama-Diagne A. Septin 9 Orients the Apico-Basal Polarity Axis and Controls Plasticity Signals. Cells 2023; 12:1815. [PMID: 37508480 PMCID: PMC10377970 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a master organizer of the cellular cortex and membrane trafficking and therefore plays a crucial role in apico-basal polarity. Septins form a family of GTPases that assemble into non-polar filaments, which bind to membranes and recruit cytoskeletal elements such as microtubules and actin using their polybasic (PB) domains, to perform their broad biological functions. Nevertheless, the role of septins and the significance of their membrane-binding ability in apico-basal polarity remains under-investigated. Here, using 3D cultures, we demonstrated that septin 9 localizes to the basolateral membrane (BM). Its depletion induces an inverted polarity phenotype, decreasing β-catenin at BM and increasing transforming growth factor (TGFβ) and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) markers. Similar effects were observed after deleting its two PB domains. The mutant became cytoplasmic and apical. The cysts with an inverted polarity phenotype displayed an invasive phenotype, with src and cortactin accumulating at the peripheral membrane. The inhibition of TGFβ-receptor and RhoA rescued the polarized phenotype, although the cysts from overexpressed septin 9 overgrew and presented a filled lumen. Both phenotypes corresponded to tumor features. This suggests that septin 9 expression, along with its assembly through the two PB domains, is essential for establishing and maintaining apico-basal polarity against tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cai
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Juan Peng
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Mohyeddine Omrane
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hepato-Biliaire, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Ama Gassama-Diagne
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
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15
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Maldonado H, Leyton L. CSK-mediated signalling by integrins in cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1214787. [PMID: 37519303 PMCID: PMC10382208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1214787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression and metastasis are processes heavily controlled by the integrin receptor family. Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that constitute the central components of mechanosensing complexes called focal adhesions, which connect the extracellular environment with the cell interior. Focal adhesions act as key players in cancer progression by regulating biological processes, such as cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and survival. Src family kinases (SFKs) can interplay with integrins and their downstream effectors. SFKs also integrate extracellular cues sensed by integrins and growth factor receptors (GFR), transducing them to coordinate metastasis and cell survival in cancer. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase CSK is a well-known SFK member that suppresses SFK activity by phosphorylating its specific negative regulatory loop (C-terminal Y527 residue). Consequently, CSK may play a pivotal role in tumour progression and suppression by inhibiting SFK oncogenic effects in several cancer types. Remarkably, CSK can localise near focal adhesions when SFKs are activated and even interact with focal adhesion components, such as phosphorylated FAK and Paxillin, among others, suggesting that CSK may regulate focal adhesion dynamics and structure. Even though SFK oncogenic signalling has been extensively described before, the specific role of CSK and its crosstalk with integrins in cancer progression, for example, in mechanosensing, remain veiled. Here, we review how CSK, by regulating SFKs, can regulate integrin signalling, and focus on recent discoveries of mechanotransduction. We additionally examine the cross talk of integrins and GFR as well as the membrane availability of these receptors in cancer. We also explore new pharmaceutical approaches to these signalling pathways and analyse them as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Maldonado
- Receptor Dynamics in Cancer Laboratory, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Sprenger A, Carr HS, Ulu A, Frost JA. Src stimulates Abl-dependent phosphorylation of the guanine exchange factor Net1A to promote its cytosolic localization and cell motility. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104887. [PMID: 37271338 PMCID: PMC10404680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoA that promotes cancer cell motility and metastasis. Two isoforms of Net1 exist, Net1 and Net1A, both of which are sequestered in the nucleus in quiescent cells to prevent aberrant RhoA activation. Many cell motility stimuli drive cytosolic relocalization of Net1A, but mechanisms controlling this event are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that epithelial growth factor stimulates protein kinase Src- and Abl1-dependent phosphorylation of Net1A to promote its cytosolic localization. We show that Abl1 efficiently phosphorylates Net1A on Y373, and that phenylalanine substitution of Y373 prevents Net1A cytosolic localization. Furthermore, we found that Abl1-driven cytosolic localization of Net1A does not require S52, which is a phosphorylation site of a different kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, that inhibits nuclear import of Net1A. However, we did find that MKK7-stimulated cytosolic localization of Net1A does require Y373. We also demonstrate that aspartate substitution at Y373 is sufficient to promote Net1A cytosolic accumulation, and expression of Net1A Y373D potentiates epithelial growth factor-stimulated RhoA activation, downstream myosin light chain 2 phosphorylation, and F-actin accumulation. Moreover, we show that expression of Net1A Y373D in breast cancer cells also significantly increases cell motility and Matrigel invasion. Finally, we show that Net1A is required for Abl1-stimulated cell motility, which is rescued by expression of Net1A Y373D, but not Net1A Y373F. Taken together, this work demonstrates a novel mechanism controlling Net1A subcellular localization to regulate RhoA-dependent cell motility and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashabari Sprenger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heather S Carr
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Frost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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17
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Estep JA, Sun LO, Riccomagno MM. A luciferase fragment complementation assay to detect focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling events. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15282. [PMID: 37089315 PMCID: PMC10119766 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin Adhesion Complexes (IACs) serve as links between the cytoskeleton and extracellular environment, acting as mechanosensing and signaling hubs. As such, IACs participate in many aspects of cellular motility, tissue morphogenesis, anchorage-dependent growth and cell survival. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) has emerged as a critical organizer of IAC signaling events due to its early recruitment and diverse substrates, and thus has become a genetic and therapeutic target. Here we present the design and characterization of simple, reversible, and scalable Bimolecular Complementation sensors to monitor FAK phosphorylation in living cells. These probes provide novel means to quantify IAC signaling, expanding on the currently available toolkit for interrogating FAK phosphorylation during diverse cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. Estep
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lu O. Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Martin M. Riccomagno
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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18
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Paik SJ, Kim DJ, Jung SK. Preventive Effect of Pharmaceutical Phytochemicals Targeting the Src Family of Protein Tyrosine Kinases and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor on Environmental Stress-Induced Skin Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065953. [PMID: 36983027 PMCID: PMC10056297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin protects our body; however, it is directly exposed to the environment and is stimulated by various external factors. Among the various environmental factors that can threaten skin health, the effects of ultraviolet (UV) and particulate matter (PM) are considered the most notable. Repetitive exposure to ultraviolet and particulate matter can cause chronic skin diseases such as skin inflammation, photoaging, and skin cancer. The abnormal activation of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases (SFKs) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in response to UV and/or PM exposure are involved in the development and aggravation of skin diseases. Phytochemicals, chemical compounds of natural plants, exert preventive effects on skin diseases through the regulation of various signaling pathways. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the efficacy of phytochemicals as potential nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical materials for the treatment of skin diseases, primarily by targeting SFK and AhR, and to explore the underlying mechanisms of action. Future studies are essential to validate the clinical potential for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jeong Paik
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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19
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Erdogan MA, Yuca E, Ashour A, Gurbuz N, Sencan S, Ozpolat B. SCN5A promotes the growth and lung metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer through EF2-kinase signaling. Life Sci 2023; 313:121282. [PMID: 36526045 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yuca
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nilgun Gurbuz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sevide Sencan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 1950, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Nanomedicine, Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Dr. Marr and Roy Neil Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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20
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Aleman J, Young CD, Karam SD, Wang XJ. Revisiting laminin and extracellular matrix remodeling in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma: What have we learned after more than four decades of research? Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:5-23. [PMID: 35596706 PMCID: PMC9676410 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have significantly lower survival upon the development of distant metastases. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a consistent yet dynamic influence on the metastatic capacity of SCCs. The ECM encompasses a milieu of structural proteins, signaling molecules, and enzymes. Just over 40 years ago, the fibrous ECM glycoprotein laminin was identified. Roughly four decades of research have revealed a pivotal role of laminins in metastasis. However, trends in ECM alterations in some cancers have been applied broadly to all metastatic diseases, despite evidence that these characteristics vary by tumor type. We will summarize how laminins influence the SCC metastatic process exclusively. Enhanced laminin protein deposition occurs at the invasive edge of SCC tumors, which correlates with elevated levels of laminin-binding β1 integrins on SCC cells, increased MMP-3 presence, worse prognosis, and lymphatic dissemination. Although these findings are significant, gaps in knowledge of the formation of a premetastatic niche, the processes of intra- and extravasation, and the contributions of the ECM to SCC metastatic cell dormancy persist. Bridging these gaps requires novel in vitro systems and animal models that reproduce tumor-stromal interactions and spontaneous metastasis seen in the clinic. These advances will allow accurate assessment of laminins to predict responders to transforming growth factor-β inhibitors and immunotherapy, as well as potential combinatorial therapies with the standard of care. Such clinical interventions may drastically improve quality of life and patient survival by explicitly targeting SCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Aleman
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christian D. Young
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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21
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Kovaleva OV, Podlesnaya PA, Vasileva MV, Kopnin PB, Balkin AS, Plotnikov AO, Kushlinskii NE, Gratchev AN. Transcriptome of Lung Cancer Cells Resistant to the Cytotoxic Activity of Macrophages. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 507:312-317. [PMID: 36786993 DOI: 10.1134/s160767292205009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of the immune system in tumor progression has been the subject of research for more than 100 years since Paul Ehrlich hypothesized that the presence of the immune system limits the occurrence of cancer. One of the mechanisms hindering the initiation and progression of the tumor is the cytotoxic activity of macrophages; however, in some cases, it is not sufficient to control tumorigenesis. This may be due to both the development of resistance of tumor cells to the antitumor activity of macrophages and the development of a tolerant phenotype of macrophages that do not have sufficient antitumor activity. In this work, the lung cancer cells resistant to the cytotoxic action of macrophages were obtained and characterized for the first time, and the genes associated with the observed changes were identified. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance of tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of macrophages and the peculiarities of its manifestation in a tumor environment is critically important for improving the effectiveness of the existing methods of cancer treatment and developing novel methods for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Kovaleva
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P A Podlesnaya
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Vasileva
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P B Kopnin
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Balkin
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - A O Plotnikov
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - N E Kushlinskii
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Gratchev
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Princiotto S, Musso L, Manetti F, Marcellini V, Maga G, Crespan E, Perini C, Zaffaroni N, Beretta GL, Dallavalle S. Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 3-(hetero) arylideneindolin-2-ones as potential c-Src inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2382-2394. [PMID: 36050846 PMCID: PMC9448371 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2117317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of c-Src is considered one of the most studied approaches to cancer treatment, with several heterocyclic compounds approved during the last 15 years as chemotherapeutic agents. Starting from the biological evaluation of an in-house collection of small molecules, indolinone was selected as the most promising scaffold. In this work, several functionalised indolinones were synthesised and their inhibitory potency and cytotoxic activity were assayed. The pharmacological profile of the most active compounds, supported by molecular modelling studies, revealed that the presence of an amino group increased the affinity towards the ATP-binding site of c-Src. At the same time, bulkier derivatizations seemed to improve the interactions within the enzymatic pocket. Overall, these data represent an early stage towards the optimisation of new, easy-to-be functionalised indolinones as potential c-Src inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Princiotto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Marcellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maga
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Crespan
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Perini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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23
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Schlesinger T, Stockfleth E, Grada A, Berman B. Tirbanibulin for Actinic Keratosis: Insights into the Mechanism of Action. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:2495-2506. [PMID: 36415541 PMCID: PMC9675993 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s374122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common pre-neoplastic skin lesion constituted by uncontrolled proliferation of atypical keratinocytes that may evolve to squamous cell carcinoma. With global prevalence increasing, AK is expected to be the most common carcinoma of the skin. Tirbanibulin is a reversible tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potent anti-proliferative and anti-tumoral effects. In-vivo and in-vitro studies have shown that tirbanibulin significantly inhibits cell proliferation, tumor growth and downregulates Src signaling with no overt toxicity. Early phase and Phase III trials have shown high lesion clearance, compliance, and few side effects of once daily tirbanibulin treatment. This review discusses tirbanibulin anti-cancer activity, focusing on tubulin polymerization and Src signaling inhibitory effects, highlighting relevant literature and novel preclinical results from the ATNXUS-KX01-001 study. Furthermore, we address the relevant findings obtained in recent clinical trials to evaluate the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, clearance efficacy, and side effects of the 1% tirbanibulin ointment applied once daily. In summary, we highlight preclinical and clinical evidence on the use of tirbanibulin as an effective and safe treatment option for AK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eggert Stockfleth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ayman Grada
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian Berman
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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24
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Zhu K, Kazim N, Yue J, Yen A. Vacuolin-1 enhances RA-induced differentiation of human myeloblastic leukemia cells: evidence for involvement of a CD11b/FAK/LYN/SLP-76 axis subject to endosomal regulation that drives late differentiation steps. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:179. [PMID: 36329484 PMCID: PMC9635152 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acid(RA), an embryonic morphogen, regulates cell differentiation. Endocytosis regulates receptor signaling that governs such RA-directed cellular processes. Vacuolin-1 is a small molecule that disrupts endocytosis, motivating interest in its effect on RA-induced differentiation/arrest. In HL-60 myeloblastic-leukemia cells, RA causes differentiation evidenced by a progression of cell-surface and functional markers, CD38, CD11b, and finally reactive oxygen species(ROS) production and G1/0 cell cycle arrest in mature cells. RESULTS We found that Vacuolin-1 enhanced RA-induced CD11b, ROS and G1/0 arrest, albeit not CD38. Enhanced CD11b expression was associated with enhanced activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase(FAK). Adding vacuolin-1 enhanced RA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, Src Family Kinases(SFKs), and the adaptor protein, SLP-76, expression of which is known to drive RA-induced differentiation. Depleting CD11b cripples late stages of progressive myeloid differentiation, namely G1/0 arrest and inducible ROS production, but not expression of CD38. Loss of NUMB, a protein that supports early endosome maturation, affected RA-induced ROS and G1/0 arrest, but not CD38 expression. CONCLUSION Hence there appears to be a novel CD11b/FAK/LYN/SLP-76 axis subject to endosome regulation which contributes to later stages of RA-induced differentiation. The effects of vacuolin-1 thus suggest a model where RA-induced differentiation consists of progressive stages driven by expression of sequentially-induced receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Zhu
- grid.448631.c0000 0004 5903 2808Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Synear Molecular Biology Lab, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China ,grid.464255.4City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
| | - Noor Kazim
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Jianbo Yue
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA ,grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China ,grid.464255.4City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, ShenZhen, China
| | - Andrew Yen
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
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25
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Pelaz SG, Tabernero A. Src: coordinating metabolism in cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:4917-4928. [PMID: 36217026 PMCID: PMC9630107 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism must be tightly regulated to fulfil the dynamic requirements of cancer cells during proliferation, migration, stemness and differentiation. Src is a node of several signals involved in many of these biological processes, and it is also an important regulator of cell metabolism. Glucose uptake, glycolysis, the pentose-phosphate pathway and oxidative phosphorylation are among the metabolic pathways that can be regulated by Src. Therefore, this oncoprotein is in an excellent position to coordinate and finely tune cell metabolism to fuel the different cancer cell activities. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of recent progress made in determining the role of Src in glucose metabolism as well as the link of this role with cancer cell metabolic plasticity and tumour progression. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges facing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Pelaz
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Calle Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
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26
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Chernova T, Grosso S, Sun XM, Tenor AR, Cabeza JZ, Craxton A, Self EL, Nakas A, Cain K, MacFarlane M, Willis AE. Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Malignant Mesothelioma Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induce Pro-Oncogenic Changes in Healthy Mesothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12469. [PMID: 36293328 PMCID: PMC9604431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumour of the pleura (MPM) or peritoneum with a clinical presentation at an advanced stage of the disease. Current therapies only marginally improve survival and there is an urgent need to identify new treatments. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent the main component of a vast stroma within MPM and play an important role in the tumour microenvironment. The influence of CAFs on cancer progression, aggressiveness and metastasis is well understood; however, the role of CAF-derived extracellular vesicles (CAF-EVs) in the promotion of tumour development and invasiveness is underexplored. We purified CAF-EVs from MPM-associated cells and healthy dermal human fibroblasts and examined their effect on cell proliferation and motility. The data show that exposure of healthy mesothelial cells to EVs derived from CAFs, but not from normal dermal human fibroblasts (NDHF) resulted in activating pro-oncogenic signalling pathways and increased proliferation and motility. Consistent with its role in suppressing Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) activation (which in MPM is a result of Hippo pathway inactivation), treatment with Simvastatin ameliorated the pro-oncogenic effects instigated by CAF-EVs by mechanisms involving both a reduction in EV number and changes in EV cargo. Collectively, these data determine the significance of CAF-derived EVs in mesothelioma development and progression and suggest new targets in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Chernova
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Stefano Grosso
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Xiao-Ming Sun
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Angela Rubio Tenor
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | | | - Andrew Craxton
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Emily L. Self
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | | | - Kelvin Cain
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Anne E. Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Rd., Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
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27
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Lepeta K, Roubinet C, Bauer M, Vigano MA, Aguilar G, Kanca O, Ochoa-Espinosa A, Bieli D, Cabernard C, Caussinus E, Affolter M. Engineered kinases as a tool for phosphorylation of selected targets in vivo. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213463. [PMID: 36102907 PMCID: PMC9477969 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation by kinases controls a plethora of processes essential for the proper development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms. One main obstacle in studying the role of a defined kinase–substrate interaction is that kinases form complex signaling networks and most often phosphorylate multiple substrates involved in various cellular processes. In recent years, several new approaches have been developed to control the activity of a given kinase. However, most of them fail to regulate a single protein target, likely hiding the effect of a unique kinase–substrate interaction by pleiotropic effects. To overcome this limitation, we have created protein binder-based engineered kinases that permit a direct, robust, and tissue-specific phosphorylation of fluorescent fusion proteins in vivo. We show the detailed characterization of two engineered kinases based on Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and Src. Expression of synthetic kinases in the developing fly embryo resulted in phosphorylation of their respective GFP-fusion targets, providing for the first time a means to direct the phosphorylation to a chosen and tagged target in vivo. We presume that after careful optimization, the novel approach we describe here can be adapted to other kinases and targets in various eukaryotic genetic systems to regulate specific downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chantal Roubinet
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK 2
| | - Milena Bauer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland 1
| | | | | | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 3
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28
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Onuma K, Inoue M. Abnormality of Apico-Basal Polarity in Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3657-3663. [PMID: 36047965 PMCID: PMC9633284 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apico–basal polarity is a fundamental property of the epithelium that functions as a barrier, holds cells together, and determines the directions of absorption and secretion. Apico–basal polarity is regulated by extracellular matrix‐integrin binding and downstream signaling pathways, including focal adhesion kinase, rouse‐sarcoma oncogene (SRC), and RHO/RHO‐associated kinase (ROCK). Loss of epithelial cell polarity plays a critical role in the progression of cancer cells. However, in differentiated carcinomas, polarity is not completely lost but dysregulated. Recent progress with a three‐dimensional culture of primary cancer cells allowed for studies of the mechanism underlying the abnormality of polarity in differentiated cancers, including flexible switching of polarity status in response to the microenvironment. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is one of the histopathological phenotypes of adenocarcinoma, which is characterized by inverted polarity. Aberrant activation of RHO–ROCK signaling plays a critical role in the MPC phenotype. Establishing in vitro models will contribute to future drug targeting of the abnormal polarity status in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunishige Onuma
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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29
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Agarwal P, Shemesh T, Zaidel-Bar R. Directed cell invasion and asymmetric adhesion drive tissue elongation and turning in C. elegans gonad morphogenesis. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2111-2126.e6. [PMID: 36049484 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of the C. elegans gonad has long been studied as a model of organogenesis driven by collective cell migration. A somatic cell named the distal tip cell (DTC) is thought to serve as the leader of following germ cells; yet, the mechanism for DTC propulsion and maneuvering remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the DTC is not self-propelled but rather is pushed by the proliferating germ cells. Proliferative pressure pushes the DTC forward, against the resistance of the basement membrane in front. The DTC locally secretes metalloproteases that degrade the impeding membrane, resulting in gonad elongation. Turning of the gonad is achieved by polarized DTC-matrix adhesions. The asymmetrical traction results in a bending moment on the DTC. Src and Cdc42 regulate integrin adhesion polarity, whereas an external netrin signal determines DTC orientation. Our findings challenge the current view of DTC migration and offer a distinct framework to understand organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Agarwal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tom Shemesh
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Ronen Zaidel-Bar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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30
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Kedashiro S, Kameyama T, Mizutani K, Takai Y. Stimulatory role of nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 in multilayered T47D cell proliferation. Genes Cells 2022; 27:451-464. [PMID: 35430770 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multilayered proliferation in an adherent culture as well as proliferation in a suspension culture is a characteristic feature of cancer cells. We previously showed using T47D human mammary cancer cells that nectin-4, upregulated in many cancer cells, cis-interacts with ErbB2 and its trastuzumab-resistant splice variants, p95-ErbB2 and ErbB2ΔEx16, and enhances DNA synthesis mainly through the PI3K-AKT pathway in an adherent culture. We showed here that only the combination of nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2, but not that of nectin-4 and ErbB2 or that of nectin-4 and ErbB2ΔEx16, cooperatively enhanced multilayered T47D cell proliferation through the Hippo pathway-mediated SOX2 gene expression in an adherent culture. T47D cells expressed the components of the apical junctional complex (AJC) consisting of adherens junctions (AJs) and tight junctions and cell polarity molecules, but not the AJ component afadin. The AJC and apicobasal polarity were disorganized in T47D cells in a monolayer and T47D cells stably expressing both nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 in multilayers. These results indicate that nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 play a stimulatory role in multilayered proliferation in an adherent culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kedashiro
- From the Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kameyama
- From the Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Mizutani
- From the Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- From the Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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31
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Sato F, Sagara A, Tajima K, Miura S, Inaba K, Ando Y, Oku T, Murakami T, Kato Y, Yumoto T. COL8A1 facilitates the growth of triple-negative breast cancer via FAK/Src activation. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 194:243-256. [PMID: 35624176 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive breast cancer subtypes, and treatment options are limited because of the lack of signature molecules and heterogeneous properties of cancer. COL8A1 expression is higher in breast cancer than in normal tissues and is strongly correlated with worse overall survival in patients with breast cancer. However, the biological function of COL8A1 on cancer progression is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the biological function of COL8A1 on TNBC progression. METHODS COL8A1-deficient cells were generated using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The tumor growth and metastasis of TNBC cells were evaluated using three-dimensional culture (3D) methods and xenograft mouse models. The activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src by COL8A1 in TNBC cells was evaluated by immunoblotting. RESULTS COL8A1 expression was primarily distributed into TNBC cell lines. Further, relapse-free survival in TNBC patients with the MSL subtype was strongly associated with the COL8A1 expression. MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells, classified as the MSL subtype, strongly express COL8A1, and COL8A1 protein expression was induced by hypoxia in both cell lines. Loss of COL8A1 expression inhibited spheroid /tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Further, exogenous COL8A1 promoted TNBC growth via the FAK/Src activation. Finally, the spheroid growth of MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells was inhibited by defactinib, a FAK inhibitor, without cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION These results indicate that COL8A1-mediated FAK/Src activation produces a more aggressive phenotype in TNBC, and its target inhibition may be an efficacious treatment for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Sato
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsunobu Sagara
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kaede Tajima
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shotaro Miura
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Inaba
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ando
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Josai University, 1-1, Keyaki-dai, Sakado City, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moro-Hongo, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kato
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics and Analytical Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yumoto
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
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C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040656. [PMID: 35203305 PMCID: PMC8870371 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) was one of the first two chemokine receptors that were found to be upregulated in breast cancers. Chemokine receptors promote chemotaxis of cells and tissue organization. Since under homeostatic conditions, CCR7 promotes migration of immune cells to lymph nodes, questions immediately arose regarding the ability of CCR7 to direct migration of cancer cells to lymph nodes. The literature since 2000 was examined to determine to what extent the expression of CCR7 in malignant tumors promoted migration to the lymph nodes. The data indicated that in different cancers, CCR7 plays distinct roles in directing cells to lymph nodes, the skin or to the central nervous system. In certain tumors, it may even serve a protective role. Future studies should focus on defining mechanisms that differentially regulate the unfavorable or beneficial role that CCR7 plays in cancer pathophysiology, to be able to improve outcomes in patients who harbor CCR7-positive cancers.
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Fu L, Deng R, Huang Y, Yang X, Jiang N, Zhou J, Lin C, Chen S, Wu L, Cui Q, Yun J. DGKA interacts with SRC/FAK to promote the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 532:215585. [PMID: 35131384 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the high mortality rate of lung cancer, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of diacylglycerol kinase alpha (DGKA) was elevated in the metastatic lesions of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and correlated with poor survival. Mechanistic studies revealed a direct physical interaction as well as a mutual regulation among DGKA, proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC), and focal adhesion kinase 1 (FAK) proteins. The C-terminal domain of DGKA was responsible for the SRC SH3 domain binding, while the catalytic domain of DGKA interacted with the FREM domain of FAK. DGKA phosphorylated the SRC protein at Tyr416 and the FAK protein at Tyr397 to form and activate the DGKA/SRC/FAK complex, thus initiating the downstream WNT/β-catenin and VEGF signaling pathways, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis, and resulting in the metastasis of NSCLC. DGKA knockdown inhibited the invasive phenotype of NSCLC cells in vitro. Pharmacologic ablation of DGKA inhibited the metastasis of NSCLC cells in vivo, and this was reversed by the overexpression of DGKA. These results suggested that DGKA was a potential prognostic biomarker as well as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC, especially when there was lymphatic or distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ru Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Neng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Censhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shilu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qian Cui
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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34
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Li W, Li F, Zhang X, Lin HK, Xu C. Insights into the post-translational modification and its emerging role in shaping the tumor microenvironment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:422. [PMID: 34924561 PMCID: PMC8685280 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrence and development of tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity. The most important manifestation of tumor heterogeneity is the dynamic change of tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity. This depends not only on the tumor cells themselves in the microenvironment where the infiltrating immune cells and matrix together forming an antitumor and/or pro-tumor network. TME has resulted in novel therapeutic interventions as a place beyond tumor beds. The malignant cancer cells, tumor infiltrate immune cells, angiogenic vascular cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblastic cells, and the released factors including intracellular metabolites, hormonal signals and inflammatory mediators all contribute actively to cancer progression. Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is often regarded as a degradative mechanism in protein destruction or turnover to maintain physiological homeostasis. Advances in quantitative transcriptomics, proteomics, and nuclease-based gene editing are now paving the global ways for exploring PTMs. In this review, we focus on recent developments in the PTM area and speculate on their importance as a critical functional readout for the regulation of TME. A wealth of information has been emerging to prove useful in the search for conventional therapies and the development of global therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Li
- Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine (Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment), Guangxi Medical University, 530021, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Chuan Xu
- Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042, Chengdu, P. R. China.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
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35
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Zhang H, He J, Hu G, Zhu F, Jiang H, Gao J, Zhou H, Lin H, Wang Y, Chen K, Meng F, Hao M, Zhao K, Luo C, Liang Z. Dynamics of Post-Translational Modification Inspires Drug Design in the Kinase Family. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15111-15125. [PMID: 34668699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) on protein plays important roles in the regulation of cellular function and disease pathogenesis. The systematic analysis of PTM dynamics presents great opportunities to enlarge the target space by PTM allosteric regulation. Here, we presented a framework by integrating the sequence, structural topology, and particular dynamics features to characterize the functional context and druggabilities of PTMs in the well-known kinase family. The machine learning models with these biophysical features could successfully predict PTMs. On the other hand, PTMs were identified to be significantly enriched in the reported allosteric pockets and the allosteric potential of PTM pockets were thus proposed through these biophysical features. In the end, the covalent inhibitor DC-Srci-6668 targeting the PTM pocket in c-Src kinase was identified, which inhibited the phosphorylation and locked c-Src in the inactive state. Our findings represent a crucial step toward PTM-inspired drug design in the kinase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jixiao He
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guang Hu
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Lin
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, 1 Keji Road, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fanwang Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Minghong Hao
- Ensem Therapeutics, Inc., 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Kehao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zhongjie Liang
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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36
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Liu B, Stone OJ, Pablo M, Herron JC, Nogueira AT, Dagliyan O, Grimm JB, Lavis LD, Elston TC, Hahn KM. Biosensors based on peptide exposure show single molecule conformations in live cells. Cell 2021; 184:5670-5685.e23. [PMID: 34637702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe an approach to study the conformation of individual proteins during single particle tracking (SPT) in living cells. "Binder/tag" is based on incorporation of a 7-mer peptide (the tag) into a protein where its solvent exposure is controlled by protein conformation. Only upon exposure can the peptide specifically interact with a reporter protein (the binder). Thus, simple fluorescence localization reflects protein conformation. Through direct excitation of bright dyes, the trajectory and conformation of individual proteins can be followed. Simple protein engineering provides highly specific biosensors suitable for SPT and FRET. We describe tagSrc, tagFyn, tagSyk, tagFAK, and an orthogonal binder/tag pair. SPT showed slowly diffusing islands of activated Src within Src clusters and dynamics of activation in adhesions. Quantitative analysis and stochastic modeling revealed in vivo Src kinetics. The simplicity of binder/tag can provide access to diverse proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Orrin J Stone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael Pablo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - J Cody Herron
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ana T Nogueira
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Onur Dagliyan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan B Grimm
- Janelia Research Campus, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Luke D Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Timothy C Elston
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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37
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Li M, Wang Y, Li M, Wu X, Setrerrahmane S, Xu H. Integrins as attractive targets for cancer therapeutics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2726-2737. [PMID: 34589393 PMCID: PMC8463276 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that have been implicated in the biology of various human physiological and pathological processes. These molecules facilitate cell–extracellular matrix and cell–cell interactions, and they have been implicated in fibrosis, inflammation, thrombosis, and tumor metastasis. The role of integrins in tumor progression makes them promising targets for cancer treatment, and certain integrin antagonists, such as antibodies and synthetic peptides, have been effectively utilized in the clinic for cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the evidence and knowledge on the contribution of integrins to cancer biology. Furthermore, we summarize the clinical attempts targeting this family in anti-cancer therapy development.
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Key Words
- ADAMs, adisintegrin and metalloproteases
- AJ, adherens junctions
- Antagonists
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- CSC, cancer stem cell
- Clinical trial
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- ERK, extracellular regulated kinase
- Extracellular matrix
- FAK, focal adhesion kinase
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICAMs, intercellular adhesion molecules
- IGFR, insulin-like growth factor receptor
- IMD, integrin-mediated death
- Integrins
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 16
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MMP2, matrix metalloprotease 2
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp
- RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinases
- SAPKs, stress-activated MAP kinases
- SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor-1
- SH2, Src homology 2
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TICs, tumor initiating cells
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Targeted drug
- Tumor progression
- VCAMs, vascular cell adhesion molecules
- VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- mAb, monoclonal antibodies
- sdCAR-T, switchable dual-receptor CAR-engineered T
- siRNA, small interference RNA
- uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator
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38
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Liu Q, Sheng Z, Cheng C, Zheng H, Lanuti M, Liu R, Wang P, Shen Y, Xie Z. Anesthetic Propofol Promotes Tumor Metastasis in Lungs via GABA A R-Dependent TRIM21 Modulation of Src Expression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102079. [PMID: 34263559 PMCID: PMC8456212 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Generation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a key step in tumor metastasis, occurs during surgical tumor resection, often performed under general anesthesia. Propofol is the commonly used anesthetic, but its effects on CTCs and tumor metastasis remain largely unknown. Propofol effects are investigated in an experimental metastasis model by injecting tumor cells and, subsequently, low- or standard-dose propofol to nude mice through tail vein. Propofol- or vehicle-treated tumor cells are also injected to the mice. An in vitro tumor cell-vascular endothelial cell adhesion assay, immunofluorescence, and other methods are employed to assess how propofol affects tumor cell adhesion and extension. Propofol induces more lung tumor metastasis in mice than control. Mechanistically, propofol enhances tumor cell adhesion and extension through GABAA R to downregulate TRIM21 expression, leading to upregulation of Src, a protein associated with cell adhesion. These results demonstrate that propofol may promote tumor metastasis through GABAA R-TRIM21-Src mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Liu
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Sheng
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Chun Cheng
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of AnesthesiologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021P. R. China
| | - Michael Lanuti
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Rong Liu
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Yuan Shen
- Anesthesia and Brain Research InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA02129USA
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Ortiz MA, Mikhailova T, Li X, Porter BA, Bah A, Kotula L. Src family kinases, adaptor proteins and the actin cytoskeleton in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:67. [PMID: 34193161 PMCID: PMC8247114 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a century of scientific inquiry since the discovery of v-SRC but still no final judgement on SRC function. However, a significant body of work has defined Src family kinases as key players in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis in human cancer. With the ever-growing evidence supporting the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in invasion and metastasis, so does our understanding of the role SFKs play in mediating these processes. Here we describe some key mechanisms through which Src family kinases play critical role in epithelial homeostasis and how their function is essential for the propagation of invasive signals. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Tatiana Mikhailova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Baylee A Porter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Alaji Bah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Leszek Kotula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA. .,Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.
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40
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Rebouças A, Silva TS, Medina LS, Paredes BD, Aragão LS, Souza BSF, Borges VM, Schriefer A, Veras PST, Brodskyn CI, de Menezes JPB. Leishmania-Induced Dendritic Cell Migration and Its Potential Contribution to Parasite Dissemination. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1268. [PMID: 34207943 PMCID: PMC8230586 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania, an intracellular parasite species, causes lesions on the skin and in the mucosa and internal organs. The dissemination of infected host cells containing Leishmania is crucial to parasite survival and the establishment of infection. Migratory phenomena and the mechanisms underlying the dissemination of Leishmania-infected human dendritic cells (hDCs) remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate differences among factors involved in hDC migration by comparing infection with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) induced by Leishmaniainfantum with diverse clinical forms of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) induced by Leishmaniabraziliensis or Leishmania amazonensis. Following the infection of hDCs by isolates obtained from patients with different clinical forms of Leishmania, the formation of adhesion complexes, actin polymerization, and CCR7 expression were evaluated. We observed increased hDC migration following infection with isolates of L. infantum (VL), as well as disseminated (DL) and diffuse (DCL) forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis, respectively. Increased expression of proteins involved in adhesion complex formation and actin polymerization, as well as higher CCR7 expression, were seen in hDCs infected with L. infantum, DL and DCL isolates. Together, our results suggest that hDCs play an important role in the dissemination of Leishmania parasites in the vertebrate host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rebouças
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (A.R.); (T.S.S.); (P.S.T.V.); (C.I.B.)
| | - Thaílla S. Silva
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (A.R.); (T.S.S.); (P.S.T.V.); (C.I.B.)
| | - Lilian S. Medina
- Immunology Service, Professor Edgard Santos Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Bruno D. Paredes
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (L.S.A.); (B.S.F.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil
| | - Luciana S. Aragão
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (L.S.A.); (B.S.F.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil
| | - Bruno S. F. Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil; (B.D.P.); (L.S.A.); (B.S.F.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Salvador 41253-900, BA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
| | - Valéria M. Borges
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Biomarkers, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil;
| | - Albert Schriefer
- Immunology Service, Professor Edgard Santos Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil; (L.S.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Bio-Interaction, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Patricia S. T. Veras
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (A.R.); (T.S.S.); (P.S.T.V.); (C.I.B.)
| | - Claudia I. Brodskyn
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (A.R.); (T.S.S.); (P.S.T.V.); (C.I.B.)
| | - Juliana P. B. de Menezes
- Laboratory of Host—Parasite Interaction and Epidemiology, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (A.R.); (T.S.S.); (P.S.T.V.); (C.I.B.)
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41
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Li Y, Bao Y, Zheng H, Qin Y, Hua B. Can Src protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors be combined with opioid analgesics? Src and opioid-induced tolerance, hyperalgesia and addiction. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111653. [PMID: 34243625 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of opioids may be accompanied by a series of adverse consequences, such as opioid tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, opioid dependence or addiction. In view of this issue, clinicians are faced with the dilemma of treating various types of pain with or without opioids. In this review, we discuss that Src protein tyrosine kinase plays an important role in these adverse consequences, and Src inhibitors can solve these problems well. Therefore, Src inhibitors have the potential to be used in combination with opioids to achieve synergy. How to combine them together to maximize the analgesic effect while avoiding unnecessary trouble provides a topic for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanju Bao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinggang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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42
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Kedashiro S, Kameyama T, Mizutani K, Takai Y. Nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 cooperatively regulate Hippo signaling-dependent SOX2 gene expression, enhancing anchorage-independent T47D cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7344. [PMID: 33795719 PMCID: PMC8016986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nectin-4, upregulated in various cancer cells, cis-interacts with ErbB2 and its trastuzumab-resistant splice variants, p95-ErbB2 and ErbB2∆Ex16, enhancing DNA synthesis through the PI3K-AKT signaling in human breast cancer T47D cells in an adherent culture. We found here that nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2, but not nectin-4 and either ErbB2 or ErbB2∆Ex16, cooperatively enhanced SOX2 gene expression and cell proliferation in a suspension culture. This enhancement of T47D cell proliferation in a suspension culture by nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 was dependent on the SOX2 gene expression. In T47D cells, nectin-4 and any one of p95-ErbB2, ErbB2, or ErbB2∆Ex16 cooperatively activated the PI3K-AKT signaling, known to induce the SOX2 gene expression, to similar extents. However, only a combination of nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2, but not that of nectin-4 and either ErbB2 or ErbB2∆Ex16, cooperatively enhanced the SOX2 gene expression. Detailed studies revealed that only nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2 cooperatively activated the Hippo signaling. YAP inhibited the SOX2 gene expression in this cell line and thus the MST1/2-LATS1/2 signaling-mediated YAP inactivation increased the SOX2 gene expression. These results indicate that only the combination of nectin-4 and p95-ErbB2, but not that of nectin-4 and either ErbB2 or ErbB2∆Ex16, cooperatively regulates the Hippo signaling-dependent SOX2 gene expression, enhancing anchorage-independent T47D cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Kedashiro
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-6 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kameyama
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-6 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Mizutani
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-6 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-5-6 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
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43
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Awan T, Babendreyer A, Mahmood Alvi A, Düsterhöft S, Lambertz D, Bartsch JW, Liedtke C, Ludwig A. Expression levels of the metalloproteinase ADAM8 critically regulate proliferation, migration and malignant signalling events in hepatoma cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1982-1999. [PMID: 33314720 PMCID: PMC7882935 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common metastatic tumours. Tumour growth and metastasis depend on the induction of cell proliferation and migration by various mediators. Here, we report that the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 8 is highly expressed in murine HCC tissues as well as in murine and human hepatoma cell lines Hepa1-6 and HepG2, respectively. To establish a dose-dependent role of different ADAM8 expression levels for HCC progression, ADAM8 expression was either reduced via shRNA- or siRNA-mediated knockdown or increased by using a retroviral overexpression vector. These two complementary approaches revealed that ADAM8 expression levels correlated positively with proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and matrix invasion and negatively with apoptosis of hepatoma cells. Furthermore, the analysis of pro-migratory and proliferative signalling pathways revealed that ADAM8 expression level was positively associated with expression of β1 integrin as well as with the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Src kinase and Rho A GTPase. Finally, up-regulation of promigatory signalling and cell migration was also seen with a proteolytically inactive ADAM8 mutant. These findings reveal that ADAM8 is critically up-regulated in hepatoma cells contributes to cell proliferation and survival and furthermore induces pro-migratory signalling pathways independently of its proteolytic activity. By this, ADAM8 can promote cell functions most relevant for HCC growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeela Awan
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Aaron Babendreyer
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Abid Mahmood Alvi
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Daniela Lambertz
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Jörg W. Bartsch
- Department of NeurosurgeryPhilipps University MarburgUniversity Hospital MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular PharmacologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
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44
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Kerjouan A, Boyault C, Oddou C, Hiriart-Bryant E, Grichine A, Kraut A, Pezet M, Balland M, Faurobert E, Bonnet I, Coute Y, Fourcade B, Albiges-Rizo C, Destaing O. Control of SRC molecular dynamics encodes distinct cytoskeletal responses by specifying signaling pathway usage. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:237349. [PMID: 33495358 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon activation by different transmembrane receptors, the same signaling protein can induce distinct cellular responses. A way to decipher the mechanisms of such pleiotropic signaling activity is to directly manipulate the decision-making activity that supports the selection between distinct cellular responses. We developed an optogenetic probe (optoSRC) to control SRC signaling, an example of a pleiotropic signaling node, and we demonstrated its ability to generate different acto-adhesive structures (lamellipodia or invadosomes) upon distinct spatio-temporal control of SRC kinase activity. The occurrence of each acto-adhesive structure was simply dictated by the dynamics of optoSRC nanoclusters in adhesive sites, which were dependent on the SH3 and Unique domains of the protein. The different decision-making events regulated by optoSRC dynamics induced distinct downstream signaling pathways, which we characterized using time-resolved proteomic and network analyses. Collectively, by manipulating the molecular mobility of SRC kinase activity, these experiments reveal the pleiotropy-encoding mechanism of SRC signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Kerjouan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Cyril Boyault
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Christiane Oddou
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Edwige Hiriart-Bryant
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Alexei Grichine
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | | | - Mylène Pezet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Martial Balland
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (Liphy), Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38000, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Héres, France
| | - Eva Faurobert
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Isabelle Bonnet
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, UMR 168, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Yohann Coute
- Laboratoire EDYP, BIG-BGE, CEA, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Bertrand Fourcade
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (Liphy), Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38000, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Héres, France
| | - Corinne Albiges-Rizo
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Olivier Destaing
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38706 La Tronche, France
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45
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Dilshat R, Fock V, Kenny C, Gerritsen I, Lasseur RMJ, Travnickova J, Eichhoff OM, Cerny P, Möller K, Sigurbjörnsdóttir S, Kirty K, Einarsdottir BÓ, Cheng PF, Levesque M, Cornell RA, Patton EE, Larue L, de Tayrac M, Magnúsdóttir E, Ögmundsdóttir MH, Steingrimsson E. MITF reprograms the extracellular matrix and focal adhesion in melanoma. eLife 2021; 10:e63093. [PMID: 33438577 PMCID: PMC7857731 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a critical regulator of melanocyte development and differentiation. It also plays an important role in melanoma where it has been described as a molecular rheostat that, depending on activity levels, allows reversible switching between different cellular states. Here, we show that MITF directly represses the expression of genes associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and focal adhesion pathways in human melanoma cells as well as of regulators of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) such as CDH2, thus affecting cell morphology and cell-matrix interactions. Importantly, we show that these effects of MITF are reversible, as expected from the rheostat model. The number of focal adhesion points increased upon MITF knockdown, a feature observed in drug-resistant melanomas. Cells lacking MITF are similar to the cells of minimal residual disease observed in both human and zebrafish melanomas. Our results suggest that MITF plays a critical role as a repressor of gene expression and is actively involved in shaping the microenvironment of melanoma cells in a cell-autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramile Dilshat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Valerie Fock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Colin Kenny
- Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Ilse Gerritsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Romain Maurice Jacques Lasseur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Jana Travnickova
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Ossia M Eichhoff
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Philipp Cerny
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Katrin Möller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Sara Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Kritika Kirty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Berglind Ósk Einarsdottir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mitchell Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Robert A Cornell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - E Elizabeth Patton
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, Centre UniversitaireOrsayFrance
| | - Marie de Tayrac
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHURennesFrance
- Univ Rennes1, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)RennesFrance
| | - Erna Magnúsdóttir
- Department of Anatomy, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Margrét Helga Ögmundsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Eirikur Steingrimsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
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46
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SRC Signaling in Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1270:57-71. [PMID: 33123993 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47189-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pioneering experiments performed by Harold Varmus and Mike Bishop in 1976 led to one of the most influential discoveries in cancer research and identified the first cancer-causing oncogene called Src. Later experimental and clinical evidence suggested that Src kinase plays a significant role in promoting tumor growth and progression and its activity is associated with poor patient survival. Thus, several Src inhibitors were developed and approved by FDA for treatment of cancer patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and dynamic milieu where significant cross-talk occurs between cancer cells and TME components, which consist of tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, and other immune and vascular cells. Growth factors and chemokines activate multiple signaling cascades in TME and induce multiple kinases and pathways, including Src, leading to tumor growth, invasion/metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and progression. Here, we will systemically evaluate recent findings regarding regulation of Src and significance of targeting Src in cancer therapy.
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47
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Jiang K, Dong C, Yin Z, Li R, Mao J, Wang C, Zhang J, Gao Z, Liang R, Wang Q, Wang L. Exosome-derived ENO1 regulates integrin α6β4 expression and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:972. [PMID: 33184263 PMCID: PMC7661725 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-enolase (ENO1) has been found to be dysregulated in several human malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the role of ENO1 as a glycolytic enzyme in HCC cells has been well characterized, little is known about the other roles of ENO1, especially exosome-derived ENO1, in regulating HCC progression. Here, we demonstrated that ENO1 is frequently upregulated in HCC cells or tissues, with even higher expression in highly metastatic HCC cells or metastatic tissues as well as in exosomes derived from highly metastatic sources. Moreover, ENO1 expression is associated with the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, differentiation grade and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Surprisingly, ENO1 can be transferred between HCC cells via exosome-mediated crosstalk, exhibiting an effect similar to that of ENO1 overexpression in HCC cells, which promoted the growth and metastasis of HCC cells with low ENO1 expression by upregulating integrin α6β4 expression and activating the FAK/Src-p38MAPK pathway. In summary, our data suggest that exosome-derived ENO1 is essential to promoting HCC growth, metastasis, and further patient deterioration. The findings from this study implicate a novel biomarker for the clinical evaluation of HCC progression, especially the prediction of HCC metastatic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiu Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Zeli Yin
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Jiakai Mao
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Chengye Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Junlin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Zhenming Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.
| | - Liming Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China. .,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China. .,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.
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48
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The hidden role of paxillin: localization to nucleus promotes tumor angiogenesis. Oncogene 2020; 40:384-395. [PMID: 33149280 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Paxillin (PXN), a key component of the focal adhesion complex, has been associated with cancer progression, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to elucidate mechanisms by which PXN affects cancer growth and progression, which we addressed using cancer patient data, cell lines, and orthotopic mouse models. We demonstrated a previously unrecognized mechanism whereby nuclear PXN enhances angiogenesis by transcriptionally regulating SRC expression. SRC, in turn, increases PLAT expression through NF-ĸB activation; PLAT promotes angiogenesis via LRP1 in endothelial cells. PXN silencing in ovarian cancer mouse models reduced angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. These findings provide a new understanding of the role of PXN in regulating tumor angiogenesis and growth.
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Neutrophil elastase promotes macrophage cell adhesion and cytokine production through the integrin-Src kinases pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15874. [PMID: 32981934 PMCID: PMC7522083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There are a number of respiratory diseases characterized by the presence of excess neutrophil elastase (NE) activity in tissues, including cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). NE is considered a primary contributor to disease development, but the precise mechanism has yet to be fully determined. We hypothesized that NE alters the function of macrophages (Mɸ) which play a critical role in many physiological processes in healthy lungs. We demonstrate that monocyte-derived Mɸ exposed to NE releases active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), increase expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-8, and reduce capacity to phagocytose bacteria. Changes in Mɸ function following NE treatment were accompanied by increased adhesion and cytoskeleton re-arrangement, indicating the possibility of integrin involvement. To support this observation, we demonstrate that NE induces phosphorylation of kinases from the Src kinase family, a hallmark of integrin signaling activation. Moreover, pretreatment of Mɸ with a specific Src kinase inhibitor, PP2 completely prevents NE-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Taken together these findings indicate that NE participates in lung destruction not only through direct proteolytic degradation of matrix proteins, but also through activation of Mɸ inflammatory and proteolytic functions.
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The Role of CTHRC1 in Regulation of Multiple Signaling and Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:9578701. [PMID: 32848510 PMCID: PMC7441421 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9578701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) has been identified as cancer-related protein. CTHRC1 expresses mainly in adventitial fibroblasts and neointimal smooth muscle cells of balloon-injured vessels and promotes cell migration and tissue repair in response to injury. CTHRC1 plays a pivotal role in some pathophysiological processes, including increasing bone mass, preventing myelination, and reversing collagen synthesis in many tumor cells. The ascended expression of CTHRC1 is related to tumorigenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in various human malignancies, including gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, keloid, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and melanoma. And molecules that regulate the expression of CTHRC1 include miRNAs, lncRNAs, WAIF1, and DPAGT1. Many reports have pointed that CTHRC1 could exert different effects through several signaling pathways such as TGF-β, Wnt, integrin β/FAK, Src/FAK, MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/ERK, HIF-1α, and PKC-δ/ERK signaling pathways. As a participant in tissue remodeling or immune response, CTHRC1 may promote early-stage cancer. Several recent studies have identified CTHRC1 as an effectual prognostic biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence or metastasis. It is worth noting that CTHRC1 has different cellular localization and mechanisms of action in different cells and different microenvironments. In this article, we focus on the advances in the signaling pathways mediated by CTHRC1 in tumors.
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