1
|
Rodríguez Ferrante G, Leone MJ. Solar clock and school start time effects on adolescents' chronotype and sleep: A review of a gap in the literature. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13974. [PMID: 37370220 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are entrained by external factors such as sunlight and social cues, but also depend on internal factors such as age. Adolescents exhibit late chronotypes, but worldwide school starts early in the morning leading to unhealthy sleep habits. Several studies reported that adolescents benefit from later school start times. However, the effect of later school start time on different outcomes varies between studies, and most previous literature only takes into consideration the social clock (i.e. local time of school starting time) but not the solar clock (e.g. the distance between school start time and sunrise). Thus, there is an important gap in the literature: when assessing the effect of a school start time on chronotype and sleep of adolescents at different locations and/or seasons, the solar clock might differ and, consistently, the obtained results. For example, the earliest school start time for adolescents has been suggested to be 08:30 hours, but this school start time might correspond to different solar times at different times of the year, longitudes and latitudes. Here, we describe the available literature comparing different school start times, considering important factors such as geographic position, nationality, and the local school start time and its distance to sunrise. Then, we described and contrasted the relative role of both social and solar clocks on the chronotype and sleep of adolescents. As a whole, we point and discuss a gap in literature, suggesting that both clocks are relevant when addressing the effect of school start time on adolescents' chronotype and sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Rodríguez Ferrante
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Juliana Leone
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Educación, Escuela de Gobierno, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mao B, Xie Z, Liu M, Gong Y, Wang H, Yang S, Liao M, Xiao T, Tang S, Wang Y, Yang YD. Associations of chronotype with anxiety, depression and insomnia among general adult population: A cross-sectional study in Hubei, China. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:250-258. [PMID: 38280566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between chronotype and anxiety, depression, and insomnia was inconsistent. We aimed to assess the association between chronotype and mental health and the potential moderating effect of age and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS A multi-stage sampling cross-sectional study with 12,544 adults was conducted. Chronotype, anxiety, depression, and insomnia were investigated by 5-item Morning and Evening, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 9-item Patient Health, and the 7-item Insomnia Severity Index Questionnaires. Logistic regression was conducted. RESULTS The predominant chronotype was morning chronotype (69.2 %), followed by 27.6 % intermediate and 3.2 % evening chronotype. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia was 0.7 %, 1.9 %, and 9.6 %, respectively. Compared with intermediate chronotype, morning chronotype participants had a lower risk of anxiety (OR = 0.28,95%CI:0.18-0.44), depression (OR = 0.54,95%CI:0.41-0.72) and insomnia (OR = 0.67,95%CI:0.58-0.77), while evening chronotype participants had a higher risk of depression (OR = 1.98,95%CI:1.06-3.71) but not anxiety or insomnia. Interactions between chronotype with age and SES on insomnia (Pinteraction < 0.05) were found. A more profound association between morning chronotype and insomnia was observed in <65 years participants (OR = 0.59,95%CI:0.50-0.71) and those with monthly household income ≥10,000yuan (OR = 0.21,95%CI:0.12-0.35), compared with their counterparts. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design limited causal conclusions. Only adults were included; the findings could not be generalized to children. CONCLUSIONS The morning chronotype might be protective for anxiety, depression, and insomnia, while the evening chronotype might be a risk factor for depression. Future studies are needed to assess the efficacy of chronotype-focused intervention for mental health. Insomnia prevention efforts should pay more attention to the elderly and those with lower incomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zhongliang Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Honghu Mental Health Center, Shimatou Street 126, Honghu, Jingzhou 434021, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yue Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huicai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Honghu Mental Health Center, Shimatou Street 126, Honghu, Jingzhou 434021, China
| | - Shuwang Yang
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Honghu Mental Health Center, Shimatou Street 126, Honghu, Jingzhou 434021, China
| | - Tianli Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shiming Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Yi-De Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China..
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh N, Jha NA, Kumar V. Urbanisation negatively impacts sleep health and mood in adolescents: a comparative study of female students from city and rural schools of North India. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2024; 22:279-289. [PMID: 38524164 PMCID: PMC10959891 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-023-00503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of social settings on sleep, physical and mental health in female adolescents of North India (latitude 29.5 oN; longitude 77.5 oE). Using a battery of questionnaires, we compared the chronotype, sleep-wake pattern, sleep health (e.g. sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and fatigue) and mood (via depression, anxiety and stress symptoms) in female students (age 14-18 years) from rural (N = 719) and urban (N = 1033) schools separated by about 35 km, but families had almost similar socio-demographic details. The morning type was prevalent amongst rural, whilst the evening type was prevalent amongst urban students who also had access to smart phones, suggesting a possible greater use of the internet. There were greater negative sleep effects, daytime sleepiness, overall poor sleep quality, higher fatigue and anxiety levels in urban than the rural cohort. Interestingly, these measures also differed between school days and free days, suggesting an impact of the conflict between internal biological and social timings (= social jet lag). We also found a significant relationship between chronotype, internet addiction, mood-related parameters and measures of sleep health. Overall, these results suggest a possible impact of social settings on sleep health and mood-related behaviours in female adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- IndoUS Center in Chronobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Neelu Anand Jha
- Jindal School of Environment and Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana 131001 India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- IndoUS Center in Chronobiology, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chauhan S, Norbury R, Faßbender KC, Ettinger U, Kumari V. Beyond sleep: A multidimensional model of chronotype. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105114. [PMID: 36868368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronotype can be defined as an expression or proxy for circadian rhythms of varied mechanisms, for example in body temperature, cortisol secretion, cognitive functions, eating and sleeping patterns. It is influenced by a range of internal (e.g., genetics) and external factors (e.g., light exposure), and has implications for health and well-being. Here, we present a critical review and synthesis of existing models of chronotype. Our observations reveal that most existing models and, as a consequence, associated measures of chronotype have focused solely or primarily on the sleep dimension, and typically have not incorporated social and environmental influences on chronotype. We propose a multidimensional model of chronotype, integrating individual (biological and psychological), environmental and social factors that appear to interact to determine an individual's true chronotype with potential feedback loops between these factors. This model could be beneficial not only from a basic science perspective but also in the context of understanding health and clinical implications of certain chronotypes as well as designing preventive and therapeutic approaches for related illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Chauhan
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ray Norbury
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Veena Kumari
- Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sleep deprivation among adolescents in urban and indigenous-rural Mexican communities. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1058. [PMID: 36658329 PMCID: PMC9852252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparing the nature of adolescent sleep across urban and more isolated, rural settings through an ecological, cross-cultural perspective represents one way to inform sleep nuances and broaden our understanding of human development, wellbeing and evolution. Here we tested the Social Jetlag Hypothesis, according to which contemporary, urban lifestyles and technological advances are associated with sleep insufficiency in adolescents. We documented the adolescent sleep duration (11-16 years old; X̅ = 13.7 ± 1.21; n = 145) in two small agricultural, indigenous and one densely urban context in Mexico to investigate whether adolescents in socio-ecologically distinct locations experience sleep deprivation. Sleep data was assembled with actigraphy, sleep diaries and standardized questionnaires. We employed multilevel models to analyze how distinct biological and socio-cultural factors (i.e., pubertal maturation, chronotype, napping, gender, working/schooling, access to screen-based devices, exposure to light, and social sleep practices) shape adolescent sleep duration. Results suggest that the prevalence of adolescent short sleep quotas is similar in rural, more traditional environments compared to highly urbanized societies, and highlight the influence of social activities on the expression of human sleep. This study challenges current assumptions about natural sleep and how adolescents slept before contemporary technological changes occurred.
Collapse
|
6
|
Facanha CFS, Alencar VS, Machado PS, Macêdo RBL, de Bruin PFC, Costa E Forti A, Rocha TM, de Bruin VMS. Morningness/eveningness in gestational diabetes mellitus: clinical characteristics and maternal-neonatal outcomes. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:92-100. [PMID: 36155121 PMCID: PMC9983797 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the impact of morning-evening preference in pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods This is a prospective cohort study of 2nd-3rd trimester GDM outpatient care in Fortaleza, Brazil (2018-2020). Eveningness was defined by the Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (MEQ ≤ 41). Furthermore, we obtained a 7-day actigraphic register. Subjective sleep quality, daytime somnolence, insomnia, fatigue and depressive symptoms were also evaluated. Associations with pregnancy outcomes were investigated. Results Among 305 patients with GDM, evening preference was found in 21 (6.9%). Patients with evening preference had worse sleep quality (p < 0.01), greater severity of insomnia (p < 0.005), fatigue (p < 0.005) and depressive symptoms (<0.009). Evening chronotype was associated with preeclampsia [p = 0.01; OR = 0.27; CI 0.09-0.79] and a greater need for admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) [p = 0.02; OR = 0.23; CI .0.06-0.80]. A lower MEQ score confirmed an association with preeclampsia [p = 0.002; OR = 0.94; CI 0.90-0.97] and this was maintained after controlling for age, arterial hypertension, sleep quality, fatigue and depressive symptoms [p < 005; OR = 0.91; CI 0.87-0.95]. Conclusion In GDM, patients with evening preference had worse sleep quality, more insomnia, fatigue, and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, eveningness was independently associated with preeclampsia. These results indicate the important role of eveningness in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Figueiredo Sampaio Facanha
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, ; .,Departamento de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Centro Integrado de Diabetes e Hipertensão do Ceará (CIDH), Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | | | - Rejane Belchior Lima Macêdo
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Centro Integrado de Diabetes e Hipertensão do Ceará (CIDH), Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | - Adriana Costa E Forti
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Centro Integrado de Diabetes e Hipertensão do Ceará (CIDH), Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Thaine Mirla Rocha
- Departamento de Medicina, Centro Universitário Christus, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rusu A, Ciobanu DM, Inceu G, Craciun AE, Fodor A, Roman G, Bala CG. Variability in Sleep Timing and Dietary Intake: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245248. [PMID: 36558406 PMCID: PMC9782032 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this scoping review was to summarize previous studies which examined the effect of day-to-day variability in sleep timing and social jetlag (SJL) on dietary intake. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science and we identified 22 records. No difference in caloric and macronutrient intake between SJL groups was observed in studies that enrolled healthy young adults. However, studies that enrolled participants with obesity and obesity-related chronic conditions reported a higher caloric intake and a higher intake of carbohydrates, total fat, saturated fats, and cholesterol in participants with SJL than in those without. Most studies reported a lower quality of diet, a delayed mealtime, and eating jetlag in participants with SJL vs. those without SJL. No correlation of day-to-day variability in sleep timing with average caloric intake was observed, but bed-time variability was negatively associated with diet quality. Methodological issues have been identified in sources assessed including study design, power calculation, population enrolled, and tools/metrics used for sleep timing variability assessment. Future well powered longitudinal studies, with clear protocols, standardized metrics, including all age groups from general population are needed to clarify the dietary intake consequences of variability in sleep timing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Rusu
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Mihaela Ciobanu
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Georgeta Inceu
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca-Elena Craciun
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Roman
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Gabriela Bala
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Diabetes Center, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Manková D, Novák J, Sedlak P, Andrlíková Farkova E. The circadian preferences in the context of sociodemographic indicators and lifestyle. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1574-1589. [PMID: 36342233 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2134786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Circadian preferences are frequently used as a synonym for chronotype. Both terms are based on different principles and are measured by a variant questionnaire. We focused on circadian preferences, delimited as an individual preference for the timing of various activities, and their relationship to the selected sociodemographic factors. All participants (n = 2068) filled out online questionnaires including MEQ, MCTQ, and sociodemographic information (age, sex, place of residence, marital status, childcare, education, financial security, physical and mental health). Although the concept of chronotype and circadian preference differ, the mutual correlation was high. Our results of the observed variables are similar to other studies. We revealed evening preference is related to a higher probability of living in a big city, having a single life, a higher risk of smoking, worse health status, and worse financial security. We observed a higher social jet lag among them. Our research complies with previous studies, which found that in some areas, people with evening preferences evince worse results. Due to the evening preference, these people are at a disadvantage, and the society's setting for morning operations can lead to a deepening of these differences. We recommend further research, which would focus on the practical application of results to the everyday life of participants to create preventive programs aimed at reducing the negative impact of evening preferences on life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Manková
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sedlak
- Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Andrlíková Farkova
- Sleep and Chronobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Borisenkov MF, Popov SV, Smirnov VV, Gubin DG, Petrov IM, Vasilkova TN, Solovieva SV, Martinson EA, Pechеrkina AA, Dorogina OI, Symaniuk EE. Associations among sleep-wake rhythm characteristics, time perspective and psycho-emotional state during COVID-19 isolation. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2041289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail F. Borisenkov
- Department of Molekular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Popov
- Department of Molekular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Vasily V. Smirnov
- Department of Molekular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Denis G. Gubin
- DGG Department of Biology, IMP Department of Biology & Medical Physics, TNV Department of Therapy & Endocrinology, SVS Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Centre, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Science, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ivan M. Petrov
- DGG Department of Biology, IMP Department of Biology & Medical Physics, TNV Department of Therapy & Endocrinology, SVS Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Tatyana N. Vasilkova
- DGG Department of Biology, IMP Department of Biology & Medical Physics, TNV Department of Therapy & Endocrinology, SVS Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Solovieva
- DGG Department of Biology, IMP Department of Biology & Medical Physics, TNV Department of Therapy & Endocrinology, SVS Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Subjective sleep quality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Brazilian rural population. Sleep Health 2021; 8:167-174. [PMID: 34924345 PMCID: PMC8675050 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies have examined sleep during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but have few compared sleep measured both during and prior to COVID. We examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subjective sleep quality in general and separately by gender and age (<50 vs. ≥50 years). Further, we compared sleep quality between those who did and did not follow quarantine orders. METHODS This sample is from the Baependi Heart Study, a family-based cohort of adults in South-eastern Brazil. Longitudinal data were from 417 individuals who completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) twice: between January 2010 and September 2014 (pre-COVID) and during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order March-June, 2020. Cross-sectional analysis included 800 participants. RESULTS Mean (±SD) PSQI scores were significantly higher during than before COVID-19 (5.7 ± 3.8 vs. 5.0 ± 3.3, p < .01). This increase was significant among women and among adults ≥50 years but not in men or younger adults. The significant increase in PSQI was only observed in those who quarantined during COVID-19 (5.9 ±3.7 vs. 5.2 ±3.4, p < .01) and not those who did not quarantine (5.0 ± 3.7 vs. 4.5 ± 3, p = .12). In cross-sectional analyses, individuals who quarantined had higher PSQI scores than nonquarantined individuals (6.1 ± 3.9 vs. 5.0 ± 3.5, p < .01). The quarantine status-dependent differences were significant for women (6.4 ± 4 vs. 5.2 ± 3.7, p < .01) and older adults (6.6 ± 0.1 vs. 5.5 ± 3.3, p = .04). Differences by quarantine status were attenuated after adjusting for age and gender. CONCLUSIONS Subjective sleep quality declined during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among women, older adults, and those compliant to quarantine orders.
Collapse
|
11
|
Player Chronotype Does Not Affect In-Game Performance during the Evening (>18:00 h) in Professional Male Basketball Players. Clocks Sleep 2021; 3:615-623. [PMID: 34940023 PMCID: PMC8700237 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep3040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sport-specific skills display diurnal variation across various team sports such as badminton and tennis serving accuracy and soccer dribbling, volleying, and chipping execution. However, the effects of athlete chronotype on in-game sport-specific skill performance according to time of day across team sports is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of player chronotype on in-game basketball performance during evening games. Professional male basketball players (n = 11) completed a morningness-eveningness questionnaire and were categorized according to chronotype (morning-type: n = 4; neither-type: n = 6; evening-type: n = 1). Box score data from the 2019/20 season were utilized to determine individual in-game performance during evening games played after 18:00 h. Composite metrics (i.e., effective field goal percentage, offensive rating, defensive rating, and player efficiency) were used as indicators of player performance. Non-significant (p ≥ 0.21) differences were evident between M-types and N-types for most performance measures. Small to very large effects were observed in the number of rebounds favoring M-types, and three-point shots attempted and made, assists, and steals favored N-types. In-game performance appeared to not be affected by chronotype (i.e., M-type vs. N-type) in evening games among professional male basketball players. The lack of observed effect between chronotype and in-game performance suggest coaching staff may not need to consider player chronotype when developing a match strategy or assigning player roles if largely dealing with M-types and N-types. However, to ensure the greatest specificity, coaching staff may endeavor to schedule habitual training times in line with that of competition in an effort to align player circadian rhythms to games.
Collapse
|
12
|
Schneider J, Fárková E, Bakštein E. Human chronotype: Comparison of questionnaires and wrist-worn actigraphy. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:205-220. [PMID: 34806526 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1992418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the accuracy of chronotype estimation from actigraphy while evaluating the required recording length and stability over time. Chronotypes have an important role in chronobiological and sleep research. In outpatient studies, chronotypes are typically evaluated by questionnaires. Alternatively, actigraphy provides potential means for measuring chronotype characteristics objectively, which opens many applications in chronobiology research. However, studies providing objective, critical evaluation of agreement between questionnaire-based and actigraphy-based chronotypes are lacking. We recorded 3-months of actigraphy and collected Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) results from 122 women. Regression models were applied to evaluate the questionnaire-based chronotypes scores using selected actigraphy features. Changes in predictive strength were evaluated based on actigraphy recordings of different duration. The actigraphy was significantly associated with the questionnaire-based chronotype, and the best single-feature-based models explained 37% of the variability (R2) for MEQ (p < .001), 47% for mid-sleep time MCTQ-MSFsc (p < .001), and 19% for social jetlag MCTQ-SJLrel (p < .001). Concerning stability in time, the Mid-sleep and Acrophase features showed high levels of stability (test-retest R ~ 0.8), and actigraphy-based MSFscacti and SJLrelacti showed high temporal variability (test-retest R ~ 0.45). Concerning required recording length, features estimated from recordings with 3-week and longer observation periods had sufficient predictive power on unseen data. Additionally, our data showed that the subjectively reported extremes of the MEQ, MCTQ-MSFsc, and MCTQ-SJLrel are commonly overestimated compared to objective activity peak and middle of sleep differences measured by actigraphy. Such difference may be associated with chronotype time-variation. As actigraphy is considered accurate in sleep-wake cycle detection, we conclude that actigraphy-based chronotyping is appropriate for large-scale studies, especially where higher temporal variability in chronotype is expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Schneider
- Applied Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Fárková
- Applied Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Eduard Bakštein
- Applied Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Leocadio-Miguel MA, Ruiz FS, Ahmed SS, Taporoski TP, Horimoto ARVR, Beijamini F, Pedrazzoli M, Knutson KL, Pereira AC, von Schantz M. Compared Heritability of Chronotype Instruments in a Single Population Sample. J Biol Rhythms 2021; 36:483-490. [PMID: 34313481 PMCID: PMC8442136 DOI: 10.1177/07487304211030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that the oldest chronotype questionnaire, the
morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ), has significant
heritability, and several associations have been reported between MEQ
score and polymorphisms in candidate clock genes, a number of them
reproducibly across populations. By contrast, there are no reports of
heritability and genetic associations for the Munich chronotype
questionnaire (MCTQ). Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS)
from large cohorts have reported multiple associations with chronotype
as assessed by a single self-evaluation question. We have taken
advantage of the availability of data from all these instruments from
a single sample of 597 participants from the Brazilian Baependi Heart
Study. The family-based design of the cohort allowed us to calculate
the heritability (h2) for these measures. Heritability
values for the best-fitted models were 0.37 for MEQ, 0.32 for MCTQ,
and 0.28 for single-question chronotype (MEQ Question 19). We also
calculated the heritability for the two major factors recently derived
from MEQ, “Dissipation of sleep pressure” (0.32) and “Build-up of
sleep pressure” (0.28). This first heritability comparison of the
major chronotype instruments in current use provides the first
quantification of the genetic component of MCTQ score, supporting its
future use in genetic analysis. Our findings also suggest that the
single chronotype question that has been used for large GWAS analyses
captures a larger proportion of the dimensions of chronotype than
previously thought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Leocadio-Miguel
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Francieli S Ruiz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,InCor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina S Ahmed
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Tâmara P Taporoski
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andréa R V R Horimoto
- InCor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kristen L Knutson
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reis-Canaan JC, Canaan MM, Costa PD, Rodrigues-Juliatte TP, Pereira MCA, Castelo PM, Pardi V, M. Murata R, Pereira LJ. Association between Chronotype and Nutritional, Clinical and Sociobehavioral Characteristics of Adults Assisted by a Public Health Care System in Brazil. Nutrients 2021; 13:2260. [PMID: 34209002 PMCID: PMC8308412 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronotype (CT) has been associated with predisposition to chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), such as diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, the effects of CT on individuals assisted by public health systems (PHSs) in middle-up economies are still poorly explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CT and clinical, sociobehavioral and nutritional aspects in adults assisted by a PHS in Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 380 individuals, selected through probabilistic sampling by clusters, in all health units in a city of approximately 100 thousand inhabitants. Data collection was performed during home visits, by means of general and nutritional interviews, anthropometric measurements and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Statistical analysis comprised chi-square test and principal component analysis (CPA) followed by Fisher's discriminant analysis to determine aspects associated with each CT (morning, evening or intermediate). With the aim of explaining the variation in the CT scores, the consumption of micronutrients (corrected to the total energy intake) and other individual and sociodemographic variables were used as explanatory factors in the adjustment of a linear regression model. The morning group was characterized by older men, with less than eight years of schooling, with low body mass index (BMI) and with low intake of omega-6, omega-3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. The evening group, on the other hand, was composed of younger individuals, with a high consumption of these same nutrients, with high BMI and a higher frequency of heart diseases (p < 0.05). It was concluded that most morning CT individuals were elderly thin males with lower consumption of omega-6 and -3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin, whereas evening individuals were younger, had higher BMI and had higher consumption of the studied micronutrients. The identification of circadian and behavioral risk groups can help to provide preventive and multidisciplinary health promotion measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C. Reis-Canaan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Marcelo M. Canaan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Patrícia D. Costa
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Tamires P. Rodrigues-Juliatte
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Michel C. A. Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Paula M. Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Ramiro M. Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Luciano J. Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Apolinário N, Rosa-Silva J, Azevêdo L, Ceciliato J, Silva-Batista C, Brito LC. Association of morningness-eveningness preference with physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic social distancing: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1432-1440. [PMID: 34034607 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1931276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Social distancing (SDIST) to contain COVID-19 pandemic spread implies reduced sunlight exposure and social daily life, which delay the circadian system and increase eveningness preference. The regular practice of physical activity (PA) is a time cue that decreased during SDIST. However, it is unknown if decreased PA may be associated with increase of eveningness preference. This study aimed to investigate if PA changes might be associated with changes in the morningness-eveningness preference of individuals practicing SDIST in Brazil. For this, 322 adults (18-89 years-old) regularly living in Brazil between March and October 2020 answered an online survey including questions considering the before and during SDIST period on PA (min/week) and morningness-eveningness questionnaire score. Sociodemographic, SDIST, anthropometric, and health characteristics were also included in the online survey. Participants self-reported an increase of eveningness preference comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST scores (56 ± 12 vs. 52 ± 13, p < .0001). Self-reported PA decreased comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST (230 ± 170 vs. 149 ± 155 min/week, p < .0001). Decrease in the total volume of PA and hours spent outside per day, and higher body mass index were associated with the increase in eveningness preference (R2 = .077), although the decrease in the total volume of PA was the strongest association (R2 = .037). In summary, our results show that SDIST may cause a delay in the circadian system, which is associated with the decrease of PA, a reduction in the hours spent outside per day with sunlight exposure, and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F Oliveira
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais C Marin
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Apolinário
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Rosa-Silva
- Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Ceciliato
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Silva-Batista
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Neuroscience Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hancox TPM, Skene DJ, Dallmann R, Dunn WB. Tick-Tock Consider the Clock: The Influence of Circadian and External Cycles on Time of Day Variation in the Human Metabolome-A Review. Metabolites 2021; 11:328. [PMID: 34069741 PMCID: PMC8161100 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen a large influx of work investigating time of day variation in different human biofluid and tissue metabolomes. The driver of this daily variation can be endogenous circadian rhythms driven by the central and/or peripheral clocks, or exogenous diurnal rhythms driven by behavioural and environmental cycles, which manifest as regular 24 h cycles of metabolite concentrations. This review, of all published studies to date, establishes the extent of daily variation with regard to the number and identity of 'rhythmic' metabolites observed in blood, saliva, urine, breath, and skeletal muscle. The probable sources driving such variation, in addition to what metabolite classes are most susceptible in adhering to or uncoupling from such cycles is described in addition to a compiled list of common rhythmic metabolites. The reviewed studies show that the metabolome undergoes significant time of day variation, primarily observed for amino acids and multiple lipid classes. Such 24 h rhythms, driven by various factors discussed herein, are an additional source of intra/inter-individual variation and are thus highly pertinent to all studies applying untargeted and targeted metabolomics platforms, particularly for the construction of biomarker panels. The potential implications are discussed alongside proposed minimum reporting criteria suggested to acknowledge time of day variation as a potential influence of results and to facilitate improved reproducibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. M. Hancox
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Debra J. Skene
- Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
| | - Robert Dallmann
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;
| | - Warwick B. Dunn
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Evans SL, Leocadio-Miguel MA, Taporoski TP, Gomez LM, Horimoto A, Alkan E, Beijamini F, Pedrazzoli M, Knutson KL, Krieger JE, Vallada HP, Sterr A, Pereira AC, Negrão AB, von Schantz M. Evening preference correlates with regional brain volumes in the anterior occipital lobe. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1135-1142. [PMID: 33906520 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1912077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype or diurnal preference is a questionnaire-based measure influenced both by circadian period and by the sleep homeostat. In order to further characterize the biological determinants of these measures, we used a hypothesis-free approach to investigate the association between the score of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ) and the Munich chronotype questionnaire (MCTQ), as continuous variables, and volumetric measures of brain regions acquired by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Data were collected from the Baependi Heart Study cohort, based in a rural town in South-Eastern Brazil. MEQ and anatomical 1.5-T MRI scan data were available from 410 individuals, and MCTQ scores were available from a subset of 198 of them. The average MEQ (62.2 ± 10.6) and MCTQ (average MSFsc 201 ± 85 min) scores were suggestive of a previously reported strong general tendency toward morningness in this community. Setting the significance threshold at P > .002 to account for multiple comparisons, we observed a significant association between lower MEQ score (eveningness) and greater volume of the left anterior occipital sulcus (β = -0.163, p = .001) of the occipital lobe. No significant associations were observed for MCTQ. This may reflect the smaller dataset for MCTQ, and/or the fact that MEQ, which asks questions about preferred timings, is more trait-like than the MCTQ, which asks questions about actual timings. The association between MEQ and a brain region dedicated to visual information processing is suggestive of the increasingly recognized fluidity in the interaction between visual and nonvisual photoreception and the circadian system, and the possibility that chronotype includes an element of masking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Evans
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - M A Leocadio-Miguel
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK.,Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - T P Taporoski
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - L M Gomez
- Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arvr Horimoto
- Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - E Alkan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - F Beijamini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K L Knutson
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J E Krieger
- Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H P Vallada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Sterr
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - A C Pereira
- Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A B Negrão
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Carvalho MVD, Guimarães JB, Bicalho CCF, Machado FSM, Lopes BB, Coimbra CC. Women amateur street runners have a higher level of chronotype self- perception than men. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742021003621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
19
|
von Schantz M, Leocadio-Miguel MA, McCarthy MJ, Papiol S, Landgraf D. Genomic perspectives on the circadian clock hypothesis of psychiatric disorders. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2020; 107:153-191. [PMID: 33641746 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disturbances are frequently described in psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Growing evidence suggests a biological connection between mental health and circadian rhythmicity, including the circadian influence on brain function and mood and the requirement for circadian entrainment by external factors, which is often impaired in mental illness. Mental (as well as physical) health is also adversely affected by circadian misalignment. The marked interindividual differences in this combined susceptibility, in addition to the phenotypic spectrum in traits related both to circadian rhythms and mental health, suggested the possibility of a shared genetic background and that circadian clock genes may also be candidate genes for psychiatric disorders. This hypothesis was further strengthened by observations in animal models where clock genes had been knocked out or mutated. The introduction of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) enabled hypothesis-free testing. GWAS analysis of chronotype confirmed the prominent role of circadian genes in these phenotypes and their extensive polygenicity. However, in GWAS on psychiatric traits, only one clock gene, ARNTL (BMAL1) was identified as one of the few loci differentiating bipolar disorder from schizophrenia, and macaque monkeys where the ARNTL gene has been knocked out display symptoms similar to schizophrenia. Another lesson from genomic analyses is that chronotype has an important genetic correlation with several psychiatric disorders and that this effect is unidirectional. We conclude that the effect of circadian disturbances on psychiatric disorders probably relates to modulation of rhythm parameters and extend beyond the core clock genes themselves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Mario A Leocadio-Miguel
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom; Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Michael J McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Munich, Germany; Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), Munich, Germany
| | - Dominic Landgraf
- Circadian Biology Group, Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ruiz FS, Beijamini F, Beale AD, Gonçalves BDSB, Vartanian D, Taporoski TP, Middleton B, Krieger JE, Vallada H, Arendt J, Pereira AC, Knutson KL, Pedrazzoli M, von Schantz M. Early chronotype with advanced activity rhythms and dim light melatonin onset in a rural population. J Pineal Res 2020; 69:e12675. [PMID: 32598502 PMCID: PMC7508839 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studying communities at different stages of urbanisation and industrialisation can teach us how timing and intensity of light affect the circadian clock under real-life conditions. We have previously described a strong tendency towards morningness in the Baependi Heart Study, located in a small rural town in Brazil. Here, we tested the hypothesis that this morningness tendency is associated with early circadian phase based on objective measurements (as determined by dim light melatonin onset, DLMO, and activity) and light exposure. We also analysed how well the previously collected chronotype questionnaire data were able to predict these DLMO values. The average DLMO observed in 73 participants (40 female) was 20:03 ± 01:21, SD, with an earlier average onset in men (19:38 ± 01:16) than in women (20:24 ± 01:21; P ≤ .01). However, men presented larger phase angle between DLMO and sleep onset time as measured by actigraphy (4.11 hours vs 3.16 hours; P ≤ .01). Correlational analysis indicated associations between light exposure, activity rhythms and DLMO, such that early DLMO was observed in participants with higher exposure to light, higher activity and earlier light exposure. The strongest significant predictor of DLMO was morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ) (beta=-0.35, P ≤ .05), followed by age (beta = -0.47, P ≤ .01). Sex, light exposure and variables derived from the Munich chronotype questionnaire were not significant predictors. Our observations demonstrate that both early sleep patterns and earlier circadian phase have been retained in this small rural town in spite of availability of electrification, in contrast to metropolitan postindustrial areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francieli S. Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Felipe Beijamini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR, Brazil
| | - Andrew D. Beale
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Daniel Vartanian
- School of Arts, Science, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tâmara P. Taporoski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - José E. Krieger
- Incor, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Josephine Arendt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | | | | | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Science, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Benedito-Silva AA, Evans S, Viana Mendes J, Castro J, Gonçalves BDSB, Ruiz FS, Beijamini F, Evangelista FS, Vallada H, Krieger JE, von Schantz M, Pereira AC, Pedrazzoli M. Association between light exposure and metabolic syndrome in a rural Brazilian town. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238772. [PMID: 32946454 PMCID: PMC7500684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Context Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition comprising a ‘clustering’ of components representing cardiometabolic risk factors for heart disease and diabetes; its prevalence rate is high and consequences serious. Evidence suggests that light exposure patterns and misalignment of circadian rhythms might contribute to MetS etiology by impacting energy metabolism and glucose regulation. Objective We hypothesised that individuals with MetS would show disrupted circadian and sleep parameters alongside differences in light exposure profiles. We investigated this using data from a cohort study in Brazil. Methods Data from 103 individuals from the Baependi Heart Cohort Study aged between 50 and 70 were analysed. Motor activity and light exposure were measured using wrist-worn actigraphy devices. Cardiometabolic data were used to calculate the number of MetS components present in each participant, and participants grouped as MetS/non-MetS according to standard guidelines. Between-group comparisons were made for the actigraphy measures; additionally, correlation analyses were conducted. Results Motor activity and circadian profiles showed no differences between groups. However, the MetS group presented lower light exposure during the day and higher light exposure at night. Correlation analyses, including all participants, showed that greater daytime light exposure and greater light exposure difference between day and night were associated with reduced MetS risk (a lower number of MetS components). Also, the light exposure difference between day and night correlated with body mass index across all participants. Conclusions The observed results suggest a direct association between light exposure and MetS which appears to not be attributable to disruptions in circadian activity rhythm nor to sleep parameters. This link between light exposure patterns and MetS risk could inform possible prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Evans
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Juliana Viana Mendes
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Castro
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francieli S. Ruiz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Beijamini
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Realeza, Brazil
| | | | - Homero Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Santos RC, Silva ACPE, José Dos Santos M, Barbosa MR, Coimbra DG, Gitaí DLG, de Andrade TG. Environmental temperature as a mediator on the association between photoperiod at birth and chronotype. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1662-1668. [PMID: 32573265 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1773843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The association between chronotypes and season of birth (SOB) remains an inconclusive issue due, in some extension, to the lack of investigations of mediation mechanisms. We evaluated the association of photoperiod at birth (PAB) with chronotypes and sleep duration in Brazil (n = 810), and the mediating effect of meteorological factors, sex, age and rs4753426 polymorphism in the melatonin receptor MTNR1B. Longer PAB was associated with a delayed mid-sleep phase with a suppressive effect of maximum environmental temperature. No significant interactions were identified for the other variables. These findings suggest that photoperiod and environmental temperature modulate chronotype development at early stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Costa Santos
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas , Maceió, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Gomes Coimbra
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas , Maceió, Brazil
| | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Feferal University of Alagoas , Maceió, Brazil
| | - Tiago Gomes de Andrade
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas , Maceió, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Makarem N, Paul J, Giardina EGV, Liao M, Aggarwal B. Evening chronotype is associated with poor cardiovascular health and adverse health behaviors in a diverse population of women. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:673-685. [PMID: 32126839 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1732403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype reflects time of day preferences for performing daily activities. Previous research within Asian and European cohorts indicates evening chronotype is associated with elevated cardiometabolic risk. However, evidence is limited from population-based US cohorts, particularly among women in whom evening chronotype prevalence may become higher after middle-age, coinciding with life stages associated with higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This cross-sectional study evaluated associations of chronotype with overall cardiovascular health (CVH), health behaviors, and cardiometabolic risk factors among 506 women (mean age = 37 ± 16y, 62% racial/ethnic minority) in the American Heart Association (AHA)'s Go Red for Women Strategically-Focused Research Network cohort at Columbia University (New York City, NY, USA). Chronotype was assessed using the validated Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and categorized as "evening", "intermediate", and "morning" chronotypes. Health behaviors (diet, physical activity, and sleep) were assessed using validated questionnaires. Anthropometrics, clinical blood pressure, and blood biomarkers were assessed at the clinic visit. CVH was evaluated using the AHA Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics; LS7 scores of 0-8 and 9-14 were considered indicative of poor and moderate-to-high CVH, respectively. Linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, health insurance, and menopausal status were used to examine associations of MEQ scores and chronotype categories with overall CVH, clinical cardiometabolic risk factors, and health behaviors. Overall, 13% of women identified as evening chronotypes, while 55% and 32% reported being intermediate and morning types. In linear models, higher MEQ scores were associated with higher AHA LS7 scores (β(SE) = 0.02(0.01); p = .014), indicative of more favorable CVH, and with health behaviors not included in the LS7. Higher MEQ scores were also associated with lower Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, i.e. better sleep quality, (β(SE) = -0.07(0.02), p < .0001), lower insomnia severity (β(SE) = -0.14(0.01), p < .0001), shorter time to fall asleep (β(SE) = -0.28(0.14), p = .044), and less sedentary time (β(SE) = -0.11(0.03), p = .001). In logistic regression models, evening chronotype, compared to intermediate/morning type, was associated with higher odds of having poor CVH (OR(95%CI):2.41(1.20-4.85)), not meeting AHA diet (OR(95%CI):2.89(1.59-5.23)) and physical activity guidelines (OR(95%CI):1.78(1.03-3.07)), and having short sleep (OR(95%CI):2.15(1.24-3.73)) or insomnia (OR(95%CI):2.69(1.53-4.75)). The evening type compared to morning type was also associated with being a current smoker (OR(95%CI):2.14(1.02-4.52)) and having poor sleep quality (OR(95%CI:2.35(1.27-4.37)) and long sleep onset latency (OR(95%CI:1.89(1.00-3.56)). In our cohort of women, evening chronotype was related to poor CVH, likely driven by its influence on health behaviors. These findings, although warranting confirmation prospectively in other populations, suggest chronotype is an important factor to consider and possibly target when designing lifestyle interventions for CVD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Makarem
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Paul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, New York, USA
| | - Elsa-Grace V Giardina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, New York, USA
| | - Ming Liao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, New York, USA
| | - Brooke Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Genetics of Circadian and Sleep Measures in Adults: Implications for Sleep Medicine. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-020-00165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
25
|
Majumdar P, Sahu S. Morningness orientation is an important determinant to circadian misalignment and tolerance: an Asian perspective. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:2-28. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1682597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piya Majumdar
- Ergonomics and Occupational Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Subhashis Sahu
- Ergonomics and Occupational Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kentiba E, George M, Mondal S, Mathi Vanan D. Effects of altitude on chronotype orientations in relation to cardiorespiratory and hematological quantities of college students in Ethiopia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219836. [PMID: 31314762 PMCID: PMC6636757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism by which Ethiopians adapt to altitude is quite unique compared to other Highlanders with respect to increased oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. Although the effects of altitude on cardiorespiratory and hematological quantities on athletics performances are well known, but there is little information about its underlying effect on chronotype orientations. METHODS In this cross-sectional study 60 male college students with mean age 20±1.3 years from high and low altitude regions living in a tropical setting in Ethiopia were included. The participants' chronotype was determined using the self-administered Horne and Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaires (MEQ). Measurements and estimations of hematological and cardiorespiratory parameters were performed from 7:00-9:00 AM, East African time zone, in order to minimize any variations that might occur in the course of the day. A multivariate binary logistic regression model was fitted to analyze the underlying chronotype predictors. RESULTS 28 (93.9%) of participants from high altitude were mainly intermediate type (I-type) dominant with (MEQ = 42-58). While, 16 (55.2%) of participants from low altitudes were morning type (M-type) dominant chronotype with (MEQ = 59-69). Our main finding confirmed that altitude is an independent predictor of chronotype orientations of the participants (p<0.015). Thus, the results of the multivariate analysis seem to indicate that, participants from low and high altitudes may be uniquely oriented towards either M-type or I-type chronotype respectively (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.772, 95% CI = 3.748-4618458). However, no significant difference on cardiorespiratory and hematological quantities between I-type and M-type chronotype of students from low altitude living in the same setting was reported (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our finding, reported for the first time that, the human chronotype varies according to the altitude, with no underlying effect of cardiorespiratory and hematological quantities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efrem Kentiba
- Department of Sports Science, Arba Minch College of Teachers’ Education, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Department of Sports Science, Mekelle University College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Mala George
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Soumitra Mondal
- Department of Sports Science, Mekelle University College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - D. Mathi Vanan
- Department of Sports Science, Mekelle University College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Roenneberg T, Pilz LK, Zerbini G, Winnebeck EC. Chronotype and Social Jetlag: A (Self-) Critical Review. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:E54. [PMID: 31336976 PMCID: PMC6784249 DOI: 10.3390/biology8030054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) has now been available for more than 15 years and its original publication has been cited 1240 times (Google Scholar, May 2019). Additionally, its online version, which was available until July 2017, produced almost 300,000 entries from all over the world (MCTQ database). The MCTQ has gone through several versions, has been translated into 13 languages, and has been validated against other more objective measures of daily timing in several independent studies. Besides being used as a method to correlate circadian features of human biology with other factors-ranging from health issues to geographical factors-the MCTQ gave rise to the quantification of old wisdoms, like "teenagers are late", and has produced new concepts, like social jetlag. Some like the MCTQ's simplicity and some view it critically. Therefore, it is time to present a self-critical view on the MCTQ, to address some misunderstandings, and give some definitions of the MCTQ-derived chronotype and the concept of social jetlag.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till Roenneberg
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Luísa K Pilz
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
- Laboratório de Cronobiologia e Sono, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Giulia Zerbini
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva C Winnebeck
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Minz S, Pati AK. Morningness–eveningness preference, sleep quality and behavioral sleep patterns in humans – a mini review. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1616889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarojini Minz
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Atanu Kumar Pati
- School of Zoology, Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, India
- School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
- Center for Translational Chronobiology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pereira-Morales AJ, Adan A, Casiraghi LP, Camargo A. Mismatch between perceived family and individual chronotype and their association with sleep-wake patterns. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6756. [PMID: 31043644 PMCID: PMC6494859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
While social zeitgebers are known to shape diurnal preference, little research has been devoted to determining the contribution of the familiar group chronotype as social zeitgeber on individual circadian rhythms and sleep-wake patterns in adult subjects. The current study aimed to examine the matching between perceived family chronotype and individual chronotype and their relationship with sleep-wake patterns on weekdays and weekends, diurnal subjective somnolence, and substance consumption. Nine hundred and forty-two Colombian adults completed the Composite Scale of Morningness, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and responded to a questionnaire about circadian preferences of their family nucleus. We found evidence of a mismatch between perceived family and individual chronotype, mainly for morning-type individuals (Cohen's Kappa = -0.231; p < 0.001). This mismatch was associated with diurnal subjective somnolence (β = 0.073; p < 0.001) and specific sleep-wake patterns (p < 0.01). In addition, subjects with evening-type families showed higher caffeine and alcohol consumption (p < 0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess and report the mismatching between perceived family and individual chronotypes, and it adds to the existing body of knowledge regarding the influence of social zeitgebers on circadian rhythms. This is particularly relevant since mismatching between circadian physiology and environmental cues have been shown to lead to diverse pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela J Pereira-Morales
- Program in Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Camargo
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales. U.D.C.A, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Serra-Negra JM, Dias RB, Rodrigues MJ, Aguiar SO, Auad SM, Pordeus IA, Lombardo L, Manfredini D. Self-reported awake bruxism and chronotype profile: a multicenter study on Brazilian, Portuguese and Italian dental students. Cranio 2019; 39:113-118. [DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2019.1587854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junia Maria Serra-Negra
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sara Oliveira Aguiar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Marcia Auad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela Almeida Pordeus
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luca Lombardo
- Post Graduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Almoosawi S, Vingeliene S, Gachon F, Voortman T, Palla L, Johnston JD, Van Dam RM, Darimont C, Karagounis LG. Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:30-42. [PMID: 30500869 PMCID: PMC6370261 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrono-nutrition is an emerging research field in nutritional epidemiology that encompasses 3 dimensions of eating behavior: timing, frequency, and regularity. To date, few studies have investigated how an individual's circadian typology, i.e., one's chronotype, affects the association between chrono-nutrition and cardiometabolic health. This review sets the directions for future research by providing a narrative overview of recent epidemiologic research on chronotype, its determinants, and its association with dietary intake and cardiometabolic health. Limited research was found on the association between chronotype and dietary intake in infants, children, and older adults. Moreover, most of the evidence in adolescents and adults was restricted to cross-sectional surveys with few longitudinal cohorts simultaneously collecting data on chronotype and dietary intake. There was a gap in the research concerning the association between chronotype and the 3 dimensions of chrono-nutrition. Whether chronotype modifies the association between diet and cardiometabolic health outcomes remains to be elucidated. In conclusion, further research is required to understand the interplay between chronotype, chrono-nutrition, and cardiometabolic health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Almoosawi
- Brain, Performance, and Nutrition Research Center, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom,Nestlé Research Center, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Snieguole Vingeliene
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Frederic Gachon
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland,Department of Diabetes and Circadian Rhythms, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luigi Palla
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D Johnston
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Martinus Van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Christian Darimont
- Nestlé Research Center, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leonidas G Karagounis
- Nestlé Research Center, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland,Nestlé Health Science, Vevey, Switzerland,Experimental Myology and Integrative Physiology Cluster, Plymouth Marjon University, Plymouth, United Kingdom,Address correspondence to LGK (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vetter C, Chang SC, Devore EE, Rohrer F, Okereke OI, Schernhammer ES. Prospective study of chronotype and incident depression among middle- and older-aged women in the Nurses' Health Study II. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 103:156-160. [PMID: 29860110 PMCID: PMC6016366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior cross-sectional studies have suggested that being a late chronotype is associated with depression and depressive symptoms, but prospective data are lacking. METHODS We examined the association between chronotype and incident depression (defined as self-reported physician/clinician-diagnosed depression or antidepressant medication use) in 32,470 female participants of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort who self-reported their chronotype (early, intermediate or late) and were free of depression at baseline in 2009 (average age: 55 yrs). Women updated their depression status on biennial questionnaires in 2011 and 2013. We used multivariable (MV)-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for incident depression across chronotype categories (i.e., early, intermediate, and late chronotypes). RESULTS Across a follow-up period of 4 years, we observed 2,581 cases of incident depression in this cohort. Compared to intermediate chronotypes, early chronotypes had a modestly lower risk of depression after MV adjustment (MVHR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.81-0.96), whereas late chronotypes had a similar risk of 1.06 (95%CI = 0.93-1.20); the overall trend across chronotype categories was statistically significant (ptrend<0.01). Results were similar when we restricted analyses to women who reported average sleep durations (7-8 h/day) and no history of rotating night shift work at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that chronotype may influence the risk of depression in middle-to older-aged women. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings and examine roles of both environmental and genetic factors to further our understanding of the role of chronotype in the etiology of mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Vetter
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, 1725 Pleasant Street Ramaley N368, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Program of Medical and Population Genetics, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Shun-Chiao Chang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Devore
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Florian Rohrer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medial University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/ 1. Stock, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia I Okereke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medial University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/ 1. Stock, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Knutson KL, von Schantz M. Associations between chronotype, morbidity and mortality in the UK Biobank cohort. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1045-1053. [PMID: 29642757 PMCID: PMC6119081 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1454458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Later chronotype (i.e. evening preference) and later timing of sleep have been associated with greater morbidity, including higher rates of metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, no one has examined whether chronotype is associated with mortality risk to date. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that being an evening type is associated with increased mortality in a large cohort study, the UK Biobank. Our analysis included 433 268 adults aged 38-73 at the time of enrolment and an average 6.5-year follow-up. The primary exposure was chronotype, as assessed through a single self-reported question-defining participants as definite morning types, moderate morning types, moderate evening types or definite evening types. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and mortality due to CVD. Prevalent disease was also compared among the chronotype groups. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, body mass index, sleep duration, socioeconomic status and comorbidities. Greater eveningness, particularly being a definite evening type, was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of all comorbidities. Comparing definite evening type to definite morning type, the associations were strongest for psychological disorders (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.86-2.02, p = < 0.001), followed by diabetes (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.24-1.36, p = < 0.001), neurological disorders (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.20-1.30, p = < 0.001), gastrointestinal/abdominal disorders (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.19-1.27, p = < 0.001) and respiratory disorders (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.18-1.26, p = < 0.001). The total number of deaths was 10 534, out of which 2127 were due to CVD. Greater eveningness, based on chronotype as an ordinal variable, was associated with a small increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.004-1.05, p = 0.017) and CVD mortality (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.09, p = 0.06). Compared to definite morning types, definite evening types had significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.18, p = 0.012). This first report of increased mortality in evening types is consistent with previous reports of increased levels of cardiometabolic risk factors in this group. Mortality risk in evening types may be due to behavioural, psychological and physiological risk factors, many of which may be attributable to chronic misalignment between internal physiological timing and externally imposed timing of work and social activities. These findings suggest the need for researching possible interventions aimed at either modifying circadian rhythms in individuals or at allowing evening types greater working hour flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L. Knutson
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago IL USA
| | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Laborde S, Dosseville F, Aloui A, BEN SAAD H, Bertollo M, Bortoli L, Braun B, Chamari K, Chtourou H, De Kort Y, Farooq A, Gordijn MCM, Greco P, Guillén F, Haddad M, Hosang T, Khalladi K, Lericollais R, Lopes M, Robazza C, Smolders K, Wurm A, Allen MS. Convergent and construct validity and test–retest reliability of the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire in six languages. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1294-1304. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1475396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Laborde
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
- EA 4260, UFR STAPS, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Caen, France
| | | | - Asma Aloui
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Universite of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Helmi BEN SAAD
- Heart Failure Research Laboratory (LR12SP09), Farhat HACHED Hospital, Universite de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Bortoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara Braun
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Universite de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yvonne De Kort
- Human Technology Interaction, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Abdulaziz Farooq
- Aspetar, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Pablo Greco
- Center for studies in Cognition and Action, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Félix Guillén
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Monoem Haddad
- Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thomas Hosang
- Deutsche Sporthochschule Koln, Psychologisches Institut, Koln, Germany
| | - Karim Khalladi
- Aspetar, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mariana Lopes
- Physical Education Department of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Research Group in Action and Cognition, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Claudio Robazza
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Chieti, Italy
| | - Karin Smolders
- Human Technology Interaction, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Wurm
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mark S Allen
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aguiar SO, Prado IM, Silveira KSR, Abreu LG, Auad SM, Paiva SM, Serra-Negra JMC. Possible sleep bruxism, circadian preference, and sleep-related characteristics and behaviors among dental students. Cranio 2018; 37:389-394. [DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2018.1471113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Oliveira Aguiar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ivana Meyer Prado
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Karen Simon Rezende Silveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Márcia Auad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Serra-Negra JM, Lobbezoo F, Correa-Faria P, Lombardo L, Siciliani G, Stellini E, Manfredini D. Relationship of self-reported sleep bruxism and awake bruxism with chronotype profiles in Italian dental students. Cranio 2018; 37:147-152. [PMID: 29376478 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2018.1431600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the association between possible sleep bruxism (SB) and awake bruxism (AB) with sleep characteristics and chronotype (i.e. circadian cycle preference). METHODS One-hundred-nineteen young adults filled out a self-reported questionnaire to assess SB and AB, a questionnaire about daily life aspects, as well as the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to profile chronotype. RESULTS The frequency of self-reported SB and AB was 25.2% and 37.0%, respectively. Both SB and AB were significantly more frequent in females than males. Most participants had an intermediate chronotype profile (n = 85; 71.4%). Neither SB (p = 0.556) nor AB (p = 0.334) were associated with chronotype. Nightmares were more prevalent among individuals with possible SB (38.3%). Difficulty concentrating in daily activities was more frequently reported among individuals with AB (51.9%). CONCLUSION There was no association between possible SB and AB or the chronotype profiles among Italian dental students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júnia Maria Serra-Negra
- a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- b Department of Oral Health Sciences, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) , University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Correa-Faria
- c Department of Pediatric Dentistry , Universidade Federal de Goias , Goiania , Brazil
| | - Luca Lombardo
- d Post-Graduate School in Orthodontics , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Siciliani
- d Post-Graduate School in Orthodontics , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- e Department of Neuroscience, School of Dentistry , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Daniele Manfredini
- d Post-Graduate School in Orthodontics , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy.,e Department of Neuroscience, School of Dentistry , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Diurnal preference, or chronotype, determined partly by genetics and modified by age, activity, and the environment, defines the time of day at which one feels at his/her best, when one feels sleepy, and when one would prefer to start his/her day. Chronotype affects the phase relationship of an individual's circadian clock with the environment such that morning types have earlier-phased circadian rhythms than evening types. The phases of circadian rhythms are synchronized to the environment on a daily basis, undergoing minor adjustments of phase each day. Light is the most potent time cue for phase-shifting circadian rhythms, but the timing and amount of solar irradiation vary dynamically with season, especially with increasing distance from the equator. There is evidence that chronotype is modified by seasonal change, most likely due to the changes in the light environment, but interindividual differences in photoperiod responsiveness mean that some people are more affected than others. Differences in circadian light sensitivity due to endogenous biological reasons and/or previous light history are responsible for the natural variation in photoperiod responsiveness. Modern lifestyles that include access to artificial light at night, temperature-controlled environments, and spending much less time outdoors offer a buffer to the environmental changes of the seasons and may contribute to humans becoming less responsive to seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nyambura Shawa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,
| | - Dale E Rae
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Laura C Roden
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Melroy-Greif WE, Gizer IR, Wilhelmsen KC, Ehlers CL. Genetic Influences on Evening Preference Overlap with Those for Bipolar Disorder in a Sample of Mexican Americans and American Indians. Twin Res Hum Genet 2017; 20:499-510. [PMID: 29192581 PMCID: PMC6013261 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2017.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diurnal preference (e.g., being an owl or lark) has been associated with several psychiatric disorders including bipolar disorder (BP), major depressive disorder, and substance use disorders. Previous large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) aimed at identifying genetic influences on diurnal preference have exclusively included subjects of European ancestry. This study examined the genetic architecture of diurnal preference in two minority samples: a young adult sample of Mexican Americans (MAs), and a family-based sample of American Indians (AIs). Typed or imputed variants from exome chip data from the MA sample and low pass whole-genome sequencing from the AI cohort were analyzed using a mixed linear model approach for association with being an owl, as defined by a usual bedtime after 23:00 hrs. Genetic risk score (GRS) profiling detected shared genetic risk between evening preference and related disorders. Four variants in KIAA1549 like (KIAA1549L), a gene previously associated with attempted suicide in bipolar patients, were suggestively associated with being an owl at p < 1.82E-05; post hoc analyses showed the top variant trending in both the MA and AI cohorts at p = 2.50E-05 and p = .030, respectively. Variants associated with BP at p < .03 from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium nominally predicted being an owl in the MA/AI cohort at p = .012. This study provides some additional evidence that genetic risk factors for BP also confer risk for being an owl in MAs/AIs and that evening preference may be a useful endophenotype for future studies of BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian R. Gizer
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kirk C. Wilhelmsen
- Renaissance Computing Institute (RENCI), Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
- Departments of Genetics and Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Cindy L. Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Circadian preference towards morningness is associated with lower slow sleep spindle amplitude and intensity in adolescents. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14619. [PMID: 29097698 PMCID: PMC5668430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual circadian preference types and sleep EEG patterns related to spindle characteristics, have both been associated with similar cognitive and mental health phenotypes. However, no previous study has examined whether sleep spindles would differ by circadian preference. Here, we explore if spindle amplitude, density, duration or intensity differ by circadian preference and whether these associations are moderated by spindle location, frequency, and time distribution across the night. The participants (N = 170, 59% girls; mean age = 16.9, SD = 0.1 years) filled in the shortened 6-item Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. We performed an overnight sleep EEG at the homes of the participants. In linear mixed model analyses, we found statistically significant lower spindle amplitude and intensity in the morning as compared to intermediate (P < 0.001) and evening preference groups (P < 0.01; P > 0.06 for spindle duration and density). Spindle frequency moderated the associations (P < 0.003 for slow (<13 Hz); P > 0.2 for fast (>13 Hz)). Growth curve analyses revealed a distinct time distribution of spindles across the night by the circadian preference: both spindle amplitude and intensity decreased more towards morning in the morning preference group than in other groups. Our results indicate that circadian preference is not only affecting the sleep timing, but also associates with sleep microstructure regarding sleep spindle phenotypes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The rotation of the Earth around its own axis and around the sun determines the characteristics of the light/dark cycle, the most stable and ancient 24 h temporal cue for all organisms. Due to the tilt in the earth’s axis in relation to the plane of the earth’s orbit around the sun, sunlight reaches the Earth differentially depending on the latitude. The timing of circadian rhythms varies among individuals of a given population and biological and environmental factors underlie this variability. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that latitude is associated to the regulation of circadian rhythm in humans. We have studied chronotype profiles across latitudinal cline from around 0° to 32° South in Brazil in a sample of 12,884 volunteers living in the same time zone. The analysis of the results revealed that humans are sensitive to the different sunlight signals tied to differences in latitude, resulting in a morning to evening latitudinal cline of chronotypes towards higher latitudes.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The circadian clock interacts with the sleep homeostatic drive in humans. Chronotype and sleep parameters show substantial heritability, underscoring a genetic component to these measures. This article reviews the genetic underpinnings of chronotype and of sleep, including sleepiness, sleep quality and latency, and sleep timing and duration in healthy adult sleepers, drawing on candidate gene and genome-wide association studies. Notably, both circadian and noncircadian genes associate with individual differences in chronotype and in sleep parameters. The article concludes with a brief discussion of future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namni Goel
- Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1017 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Spanish Adaptation of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale improved (MESSi). SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 20:E23. [DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2017.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to conduct the preliminary adaptation of the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale improved (MESSi) to Spanish population, testing its factor structure and construct validity. Participants were 261 adults (65% women;M= 31.4,SD= 12.01) who filled out measures of Morningness-Eveningness (MESSi and CSM), sleep habits, personality traits, positive and negative affect, and subjective level of alertness during the day. Psychometric results supported a three factorial model with the factors Morning Affect, Eveningness and Distinctness (RMSEA = .072). The factors showed good internal consistence (α = 0.72–0.85). The pattern of correlations between MESSi and the other measures were in the expected direction (low to moderated size effects). Morning Affect was positively predicted by morning chronotype (R2= .64), Eveningness was negatively predicted by age and positively by evening chronotype (R2= .41), and Distinctness was negatively predicted by sex (women reported higher DI than men) and age (R2= .08). This study provides evidence for the factor structure of a new measure of Morningness-Eveningness based on a rigorous psychometric evaluation.
Collapse
|
43
|
Prevalence of sleep bruxism and awake bruxism in different chronotype profiles: Hypothesis of an association. Med Hypotheses 2017; 101:55-58. [PMID: 28351492 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Sleep (SB) and awake bruxism (AB) recognize a multifactorial etiology and have a relationship with several psychological factors. Psychological disorders have recently been associated also with the chronotype, which is the propensity for an individual to be especially active at a particular time during a 24-h period. Based on the chronotype, the two extreme profiles are morningness and eveningness individuals. Due to the relationship that both the chronotype and bruxism have with psychological factors and the fact that performing tasks not compatible with chronotype can trigger stress, this review presents the hypothesis that the prevalence of SB and AB can differ with the various chronotype profiles. New perspectives for the study of bruxism etiology may emerge from investigations on the topic.
Collapse
|
44
|
Kalmbach DA, Schneider LD, Cheung J, Bertrand SJ, Kariharan T, Pack AI, Gehrman PR. Genetic Basis of Chronotype in Humans: Insights From Three Landmark GWAS. Sleep 2017; 40:2662182. [PMID: 28364486 PMCID: PMC6084759 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives Chronotype, or diurnal preference, refers to behavioral manifestations of the endogenous circadian system that governs preferred timing of sleep and wake. As variations in circadian timing and system perturbations are linked to disease development, the fundamental biology of chronotype has received attention for its role in the regulation and dysregulation of sleep and related illnesses. Family studies indicate that chronotype is a heritable trait, thus directing attention toward its genetic basis. Although discoveries from molecular studies of candidate genes have shed light onto its genetic architecture, the contribution of genetic variation to chronotype has remained unclear with few related variants identified. In the advent of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), scientists now have the ability to discover novel common genetic variants associated with complex phenotypes. Three recent large-scale GWASs of chronotype were conducted on subjects of European ancestry from the 23andMe cohort and the UK Biobank. This review discusses the findings of these landmark GWASs in the context of prior research. Methods We systematically reviewed and compared methodological and analytical approaches and results across the three GWASs of chronotype. Results A good deal of consistency was observed across studies with 9 genes identified in 2 of the 3 GWASs. Several genes previously unknown to influence chronotype were identified. Conclusions GWAS is an important tool in identifying common variants associated with the complex chronotype phenotype, the findings of which can supplement and guide molecular science. Future directions in model systems and discovery of rare variants are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Kalmbach
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Logan D Schneider
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94063
| | - Joseph Cheung
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94063
| | - Sarah J Bertrand
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Thiruchelvam Kariharan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Allan I Pack
- Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Philip R Gehrman
- Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Egan KJ, Campos Santos H, Beijamini F, Duarte NE, Horimoto ARVR, Taporoski TP, Vallada H, Negrão AB, Krieger JE, Pedrazzoli M, Knutson KL, Pereira AC, von Schantz M. Amerindian (but not African or European) ancestry is significantly associated with diurnal preference within an admixed Brazilian population. Chronobiol Int 2017; 34:269-272. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1265979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J. Egan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Hadassa Campos Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Beijamini
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Núbia E. Duarte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa R. V. R. Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tâmara P. Taporoski
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André B. Negrão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Beijamini F, Knutson KL, Lorenzi-Filho G, Egan KJ, Taporoski TP, De Paula LKG, Negrão AB, Horimoto ARVR, Duarte NE, Vallada H, Krieger JE, Pedrazzoli M, Pereira AC, von Schantz M. Timing and quality of sleep in a rural Brazilian family-based cohort, the Baependi Heart Study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39283. [PMID: 28008932 PMCID: PMC5180217 DOI: 10.1038/srep39283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is modulated by several factors, including sex, age, and chronotype. It has been hypothesised that contemporary urban populations are under pressure towards shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality. Baependi is a small town in Brazil that provides a window of opportunity to study the influence of sleep patterns in a highly admixed rural population with a conservative lifestyle. We evaluated sleep characteristics, excessive daytime sleepiness, and chronotype using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire questionnaires, respectively. The sample consisted of 1,334 subjects from the Baependi Heart study (41.5% male; age: 46.5 ± 16.2 y, range: 18-89 years). Average self-reported sleep duration was 07:07 ± 01:31 (bedtime 22:32 ± 01:27, wake up time: 06:17 ± 01:25 hh:min), sleep quality score was 4.9 + 3.2, chronotype was 63.6 ± 10.8 and daytime sleepiness was 7.4 ± 4.8. Despite a shift towards morningness in the population, chronotype remained associated with reported actual sleep timing. Age and sex modulated the ontogeny of sleep and chronotype, increasing age was associated with earlier sleep time and shorter sleep duration. Women slept longer and later, and reported poorer sleep quality than men (p < 0.0001). This study provides indirect evidence in support of the hypothesis that sleep timing was earlier prior to full urbanisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Beijamini
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Centre for Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - K. L. Knutson
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA
| | - G. Lorenzi-Filho
- Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - K. J. Egan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - T. P. Taporoski
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L. K. G. De Paula
- Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A. B. Negrão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A. R. V. R. Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N. E. Duarte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - H. Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - J. E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M. Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A. C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M. von Schantz
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Circadian preferences, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in bipolar disorder: A community study. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 301:23-29. [PMID: 27836181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess circadian preference among a community sample of people with bipolar disorder, major depression and without any mood disorders. Secondly, we investigated the association of circadian preference with cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and oxidative stress assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), uric acid and Protein Carbonyl Content (PCC). METHOD A cross-sectional study nested in a population-based sample. Caseness was confirmed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. A sample of 215 participants, in whom we measured circadian preferences, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TBARS, uric acid, PCC. Biological rhythms were evaluated using the Biological Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. RESULTS Bipolar group presented a higher alteration in biological rhythms (40.40±9.78) when compared with the major depression group (36.35±9.18) and control group (27.61±6.89) p<0.001. Subjects with bipolar disorder who were active at night and had a day/night cycle reverse showed decreased levels of IL-6 (t, 44=2.096; p=0.042), (t, 44=2.213; p=0.032), respectively. In the bipolar disorder group subjects who presented day/night cycle reverse had lower TBARS levels (t, 41=2.612; p=0.013). TNF-α were decreased in subjects more active at night with bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Lower serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TBARS were associated with evening preference in bipolar disorder group. These findings suggest that chronotype may alter the levels of interleukins and oxidative stress levels in bipolar and healthy subjects. A better understanding of the role of circadian preferences in levels of interleukins and oxidative stress are needed.
Collapse
|
49
|
Egan KJ, von Schantz M, Negrão AB, Santos HC, Horimoto ARVR, Duarte NE, Gonçalves GC, Soler JMP, de Andrade M, Lorenzi-Filho G, Vallada H, Taporoski TP, Pedrazzoli M, Azambuja AP, de Oliveira CM, Alvim RO, Krieger JE, Pereira AC. Cohort profile: the Baependi Heart Study-a family-based, highly admixed cohort study in a rural Brazilian town. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011598. [PMID: 27797990 PMCID: PMC5093390 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major challenge to global health. The same epidemiological transition scenario is replayed as countries develop, but with variations based on environment, culture and ethnic mixture. The Baependi Heart Study was set up in 2005 to develop a longitudinal family-based cohort study that reflects on some of the genetic and lifestyle-related peculiarities of the Brazilian populations, in order to evaluate genetic and environmental influences on CVD risk factor traits. PARTICIPANTS Probands were recruited in Baependi, a small rural town in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, following by first-degree and then increasingly more distant relatives. The first follow-up wave took place in 2010, and the second in 2016. At baseline, the study evaluated 1691 individuals across 95 families. Cross-sectional data have been collected for 2239 participants. FINDINGS TO DATE Environmental and lifestyle factors and measures relevant to cardiovascular health have been reported. Having expanded beyond cardiovascular health outcomes, the phenotype datasets now include genetics, biochemistry, anthropometry, mental health, sleep and circadian rhythms. Many of these have yielded heritability estimates, and a shared genetic background of anxiety and depression has recently been published. In spite of universal access to electricity, the population has been found to be strongly shifted towards morningness compared with metropolitan areas. FUTURE PLANS A new follow-up, marking 10 years of the study, is ongoing in 2016, in which data are collected as in 2010 (with the exception of the neuropsychiatric protocol). In addition to this, a novel questionnaire package collecting information about intelligence, personality and spirituality is being planned. The data set on circadian rhythms and sleep will be amended through additional questionnaires, actimetry, home sleep EEG recording and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) analysis. Finally, the anthropometric measures will be expanded by adding three-dimensional facial photography, voice recording and anatomical brain MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J Egan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Malcolm von Schantz
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André B Negrão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hadassa C Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa R V R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nubia E Duarte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme C Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia M P Soler
- Department of Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
- Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tâmara P Taporoski
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pedrazzoli
- School of Arts, Science, and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P Azambuja
- Natura Innovation and Product Technology Ltd., Cajamar, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila M de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Rafael O Alvim
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - José E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Epigenome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Diurnal Preference. Twin Res Hum Genet 2016; 18:662-9. [PMID: 26678051 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2015.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal preference is an individual's preference for daily activities and sleep timing and is strongly correlated with the underlying circadian clock and the sleep-wake cycle validating its use as an indirect circadian measure in humans. Recent research has implicated DNA methylation as a mechanism involved in the regulation of the circadian clock system in humans and other mammals. In order to evaluate the extent of epigenetic differences associated with diurnal preference, we examined genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in DNA from monozygotic (MZ) twin-pairs discordant for diurnal preference. MZ twins were selected from a longitudinal twin study designed to investigate the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in the development of emotional and behavioral difficulties. Fifteen pairs of MZ twins were identified in which one member scored considerably higher on the Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) than the other. Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns were assessed in twins' buccal cell DNA using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. Quality control and data pre-processing was undertaken using the wateRmelon package. Differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were identified using an analysis strategy taking into account both the significance and the magnitude of DNA methylation differences. Our data indicate that DNA methylation differences are detectable in MZ twins discordant for diurnal preference. Moreover, downstream gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis on the top-ranked diurnal preference associated DMPs revealed significant enrichment of pathways that have been previously associated with circadian rhythm regulation, including cell adhesion processes and calcium ion binding.
Collapse
|