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Kaye AD, Kweon J, Hashim A, Elwaraky MM, Shehata IM, Luther PM, Shekoohi S. Evolving Concepts of Pain Management in Elderly Patients. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024:10.1007/s11916-024-01291-x. [PMID: 38967713 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The elderly population typically suffer from a variety of diseases that mostly reflect the degenerative changes linked with the aging process. These diseases may be exacerbated by acute pain or by an abrupt aggravation of previously stable chronic pain. RECENT FINDINGS Physical and psychological changes associated with aging may influence one's experience of pain and, as a result, the severity of pain. Pain treatment in the elderly can be complex and is often a budgetary burden on the nation's health care system. These difficulties arise, in part, because of unanticipated pharmacodynamics, changed pharmacokinetics, and polypharmacy interactions. Therefore, it is critical to integrate a multidisciplinary team to develop a management strategy that incorporates medical, psychological, and surgical methods to control persistent pain conditions. It is in this critical process that pain prediction models can be of great use. The purpose of pain prediction models for the elderly is the use of mathematical models to predict the occurrence and intensity of pain and pain-related conditions. These mathematical models employ a vast quantity of data to ascertain the many risk factors for the development of pain problems in the elderly, whether said risks are adjustable or not. These models will pave the way for more informed medical decision making that are based on the findings of thousands of patients who have previously experienced the same illness and related pain conditions. However, future additional research needs to be undertaken to build prediction models that are not constrained by substantial legal or methodological limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Jaeyeon Kweon
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ahmed Hashim
- School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Patrick M Luther
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
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García-Agustin D, Rodríguez-Rodríguez V, Morgade-Fonte RM, Bobes MA, Galán-García L. Association between gait speed deterioration and EEG abnormalities. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305074. [PMID: 38833443 PMCID: PMC11149873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical and cognitive decline at an older age is preceded by changes that accumulate over time until they become clinically evident difficulties. These changes, frequently overlooked by patients and health professionals, may respond better than fully established conditions to strategies designed to prevent disabilities and dependence in later life. The objective of this study was twofold; to provide further support for the need to screen for early functional changes in older adults and to look for an early association between decline in mobility and cognition. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted on 95 active functionally independent community-dwelling older adults in Havana, Cuba. We measured their gait speed at the usual pace and the cognitive status using the MMSE. A value of 0.8 m/s was used as the cut-off point to decide whether they presented a decline in gait speed. A quantitative analysis of their EEG at rest was also performed to look for an associated subclinical decline in brain function. Results show that 70% of the sample had a gait speed deterioration (i.e., lower than 0.8 m/s), of which 80% also had an abnormal EEG frequency composition for their age. While there was no statistically significant difference in the MMSE score between participants with a gait speed above and below the selected cut-off, individuals with MMSE scores below 25 also had a gait speed<0.8 m/s and an abnormal EEG frequency composition. Our results provide further evidence of early decline in older adults-even if still independent and active-and point to the need for clinical pathways that incorporate screening and early intervention targeted at early deterioration to prolong the years of functional life in older age.
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Nguyen TN, Nguyen TN, Thillainadesan J, Nguyen AT, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen TTH, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen TX, Naganathan V, Vu HTT. Factors associated with frailty in geriatric patients with and without sarcopenia in Vietnam. Australas J Ageing 2024; 43:281-287. [PMID: 37842735 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and frailty and examine factors associated with frailty among older patients with and without sarcopenia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on older inpatients and outpatients in Vietnam. Participants aged 60 years or older were consecutively enrolled in the study. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Fried's frailty phenotype was applied to define frailty. Logistic regression models with frailty as the dependent variable were applied. RESULTS A total of 835 patients (mean age: 71.3 years, SD 8.4) were recruited. The overall prevalence of frailty was 17%. Among participants with and without frailty, 92% and 47% had sarcopenia, respectively. In unadjusted analysis, sarcopenia was significantly associated with increased frailty (OR 12.3, 95% CI 6.7-22.6) and remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic factors (OR 6.3, 95% CI: 3.0-12.6) and for both sociodemographic and clinical factors (OR 5.4, 95% CI: 2.4-12.2). Among participants with sarcopenia, older age, inpatient status, having a high risk for falls, malnutrition and a history of hospitalisation in the last year were significantly associated with frailty. Among participants without sarcopenia, the factors associated with frailty were older age, inpatient status, low educational level, high risk of falls and malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS Our study results highlighted that sarcopenia and frailty are two related but distinct geriatric syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Ngoc Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Westmead Applied Research Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janani Thillainadesan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Physiology Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Xuan Nguyen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Centre for Education and Research on Ageing (CERA), Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Huyen Thi Thanh Vu
- Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Xu B, Chen ZX, Zhou WJ, Su J, Zhou Q. Associations between blood manganese levels and sarcopenia in adults: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1351479. [PMID: 38803810 PMCID: PMC11128573 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1351479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While increasing concerns arise about the health effects of environmental pollutants, the relationship between blood manganese (Mn) and sarcopenia has yet to be fully explored in the general population. Objective This study aims to investigate the association between blood manganese (Mn) levels and sarcopenia in adults. Methods In our study, we evaluated 8,135 individuals aged 18-59 years, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2011 to 2018. We employed generalized additive model (GAM) to discern potential non-linear relationships and utilized the two-piecewise linear regression model to probe the association between blood Mn levels and sarcopenia. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, we identified non-linear association between blood Mn levels and sarcopenia, with an inflection point at 13.45 μg/L. The effect sizes and the confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 1.006 (0.996 to 1.048) and 1.082 (1.043 to 1.122), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the effect sizes of blood Mn on sarcopenia have significant differences in gender and different BMI groups. Conclusion Our results showed that a reverse U-shaped curve between blood Mn levels and sarcopenia, with an identified the inflection point at blood Mn level of 13.45 μg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Choi S, Chon J, Yoo MC, Shim GY, Kim M, Soh Y, Won CW. The Association of Free Testosterone with Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Men: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:754. [PMID: 38792937 PMCID: PMC11123342 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical condition coexisting with obesity and sarcopenia, is associated with a high risk of functional impairment, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. A decline in age-related free testosterone (FT) levels has been reported to be associated with decreased muscle mass and muscle strength and increased fat mass. However, the association between low FT levels and risk of sarcopenic obesity has not been well studied. This study aimed to investigate the direct association between low FT levels and sarcopenic obesity. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used data of 982 community-dwelling men aged 70-84 years from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the criteria of the Asian Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Obesity was defined as a body fat mass ≥28.3%. Participants who met both sarcopenia and obesity criteria were defined as having sarcopenic obesity. Low FT levels were defined as FT levels <17.35 pmol/L according to the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity was significantly higher in the low-FT group than in the normal-FT group. Low FT levels were significantly associated with a higher risk of obesity (odds ratio [OR], 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-3.92), sarcopenia (2.57, 95% CI 1.08-6.10), and sarcopenic obesity (3.66, 95% CI 1.58-8.47) compared with the healthy control group. The risk of low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (1.78, 95% CI 1.04-3.02) and high fat mass (1.92, 95% CI 1.12-3.31) was significantly higher in the low-FT group than in the normal-FT group. Conclusions: This study showed that low FT levels were associated with a higher risk of sarcopenic obesity. Low FT levels were mainly related to body composition parameters such as low ASMI and high fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; (S.C.); (J.C.); (M.C.Y.); (G.Y.S.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmann Chon
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; (S.C.); (J.C.); (M.C.Y.); (G.Y.S.)
| | - Myung Chul Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; (S.C.); (J.C.); (M.C.Y.); (G.Y.S.)
| | - Ga Yang Shim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; (S.C.); (J.C.); (M.C.Y.); (G.Y.S.)
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; (S.C.); (J.C.); (M.C.Y.); (G.Y.S.)
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Rathor R, Suryakumar G. Myokines: A central point in managing redox homeostasis and quality of life. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38572958 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a crucial phenomenon that is obligatory for maintaining the healthy status of cells. However, the loss of redox homeostasis may lead to numerous diseases that ultimately result in a compromised quality of life. Skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ that secretes hundreds of myokines. Myokines are peptides and cytokines produced and released by muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle secreted myokines act as a robust modulator for regulating cellular metabolism and redox homeostasis which play a prime role in managing and improving metabolic function in multiple organs. Further, the secretory myokines maintain redox homeostasis not only in muscles but also in other organs of the body via stabilizing oxidants and antioxidant levels. Myokines are also engaged in maintaining mitochondrial dynamics as mitochondria is a central point for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ergo, myokines also act as a central player in communicating signals to other organs, including the pancreas, gut, liver, bone, adipose tissue, brain, and skin via their autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of skeletal muscle-secreted myokines in managing redox homeostasis and quality of life. Additionally, probable strategies will be discussed that provide a solution for a better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
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Mazurkiewicz Ł, Czernikiewicz K, Grygiel-Górniak B. Immunogenetic Aspects of Sarcopenic Obesity. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:206. [PMID: 38397196 PMCID: PMC10888391 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of obesity and sarcopenia, with diagnostic criteria defined as impaired skeletal muscle function and altered body composition (e.g., increased fat mass and reduced muscle mass). The mechanism of SO is not yet perfectly understood; however, the pathogenesis includes aging and its complications, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance (IR), and hormonal changes. Genetic background is apparent in the pathogenesis of isolated obesity, which is most often polygenic and is characterized by the additive effect of various genetic factors. The genetic etiology has not been strictly established in SO. Still, many data confirm the existence of pathogenic gene variants, e.g., Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO), beta-2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene, melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and others with obesity. The literature on the role of these genes is scarce, and their role has not yet been thoroughly established. On the other hand, the involvement of systemic inflammation due to increased adipose tissue in SO plays a significant role in its pathophysiology through the synthesis of various cytokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-1Ra, IL-15, adiponectin or CRP. The lack of anti-inflammatory cytokine (e.g., IL-15) can increase SO risk, but further studies are needed to evaluate the exact mechanisms of implications of various cytokines in SO individuals. This manuscript analyses various immunogenetic and non-genetic factors and summarizes the recent findings on immunogenetics potentially impacting SO development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bogna Grygiel-Górniak
- Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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Leong LT, Wong MC, Liu YE, Glaser Y, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Cataldi D, Sadowski P, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd JA. Generative deep learning furthers the understanding of local distributions of fat and muscle on body shape and health using 3D surface scans. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:13. [PMID: 38287144 PMCID: PMC10824755 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body shape, an intuitive health indicator, is deterministically driven by body composition. We developed and validated a deep learning model that generates accurate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from three-dimensional optical body scans (3DO), enabling compositional analysis of the whole body and specified subregions. Previous works on generative medical imaging models lack quantitative validation and only report quality metrics. METHODS Our model was self-supervised pretrained on two large clinical DXA datasets and fine-tuned using the Shape Up! Adults study dataset. Model-predicted scans from a holdout test set were evaluated using clinical commercial DXA software for compositional accuracy. RESULTS Predicted DXA scans achieve R2 of 0.73, 0.89, and 0.99 and RMSEs of 5.32, 6.56, and 4.15 kg for total fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and total mass, respectively. Custom subregion analysis results in R2s of 0.70-0.89 for left and right thigh composition. We demonstrate the ability of models to produce quantitatively accurate visualizations of soft tissue and bone, confirming a strong relationship between body shape and composition. CONCLUSIONS This work highlights the potential of generative models in medical imaging and reinforces the importance of quantitative validation for assessing their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambert T Leong
- Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering at University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Michael C Wong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yong E Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yannik Glaser
- Information and Computer Science at University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Brandon K Quon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Nisa N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Devon Cataldi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Peter Sadowski
- Information and Computer Science at University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LO, USA
| | - John A Shepherd
- Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering at University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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Kim J, Choi HJ, Seo D, Lee SA, Heo JB, Baek DH, Lee W, Song GY. Steamed Ginseng Berry Powder Ameliorates Skeletal Muscle Atrophy via Myogenic Effects. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:157-166. [PMID: 38282410 PMCID: PMC10840479 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass and function for which there is no approved pharmacological treatment. We tested direct efficacy by evaluating grip strength improvement in a sarcopenia mouse model rather than drug screening, which inhibits specific molecular mechanisms. Various physiological functions of ginseng berries are beneficial to the human body. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of steamed ginseng berry powder (SGBP). SGBP administration increased myotube diameter and suppressed the mRNA expression of sarcopenia-inducing molecules. SGBP also reduced the levels of inflammatory transcription factors and cytokines that are known to induce sarcopenia. Oral administration of SGBP improved muscle mass and physical performance in a mouse model of sarcopenia. In summary, our data suggest that SGBP is a novel therapeutic candidate for the amelioration of muscle weakness, including sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungbum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Ji Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyuk Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Lee
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju national University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Jong Beom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- AREZ Co., Ltd., Daejeon 34036, Republic of Korea
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Mojas E, Santisteban A, Muñoz-Pérez I, Larrinaga-Undabarrena A, Arietaleanizbeaskoa MS, Mendizabal-Gallastegui N, Grandes G, Cacicedo J, Río X. Differences in Functional Capacity between Oncologic and Non-Oncologic Populations: Reference Values. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:318. [PMID: 38338203 PMCID: PMC10855221 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on the fact that in the context of increasing global aging and cancer diagnoses, additional challenges arise in clinical care. Adequate functionality and body composition are key to coping with antineoplastic treatment, which can lead to better treatment tolerance, survival, and quality of life. This is a cross-sectional comparative study focused on the assessment and comparison of body composition and functionality between cancer patients and a reference population, with the aim of establishing meaningful baseline values. Techniques such as manual dynamometry, the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand test, and bioimpedance were used to collect data from 374 oncologic patients and 1244 reference individuals. The results reveal significant disparities in functionality and body composition among participants, and provide age group-specific adjusted baseline values for those diagnosed with cancer. These findings may have crucial clinical implications for applying particular cut-off points designed for this population group, which makes the assessment process faster and more accurate, enhances the capacity of medical personnel to act quickly, and improves the management of frailty in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egoitz Mojas
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; (A.S.); (I.M.-P.); (A.L.-U.); (X.R.)
| | - Aitor Santisteban
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; (A.S.); (I.M.-P.); (A.L.-U.); (X.R.)
| | - Iker Muñoz-Pérez
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; (A.S.); (I.M.-P.); (A.L.-U.); (X.R.)
| | - Arkaitz Larrinaga-Undabarrena
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; (A.S.); (I.M.-P.); (A.L.-U.); (X.R.)
| | - Maria Soledad Arietaleanizbeaskoa
- Comprehensive Care Group for Patients with Chronic Diseases, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (M.S.A.); (N.M.-G.); (G.G.)
| | - Nere Mendizabal-Gallastegui
- Comprehensive Care Group for Patients with Chronic Diseases, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (M.S.A.); (N.M.-G.); (G.G.)
| | - Gonzalo Grandes
- Comprehensive Care Group for Patients with Chronic Diseases, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (M.S.A.); (N.M.-G.); (G.G.)
| | - Jon Cacicedo
- Radiation Oncology Department, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Xabier Río
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain; (A.S.); (I.M.-P.); (A.L.-U.); (X.R.)
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Pham LAT, Nguyen BT, Huynh DT, Nguyen BMLT, Tran PAN, Van Vo T, Bui HHT, Thai TT. Community-based prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in the Vietnamese elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17. [PMID: 38168916 PMCID: PMC10761948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by muscle mass decline, is one of the leading health problems in the elderly. This study determined the rate of sarcopenia according to criteria by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and related factors in elderly people. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 632 people aged 60 years or over in Ho Chi Minh City. Data were collected through a predefined questionnaire and direct measurement. Sarcopenia was identified based on the Inbody 770 machine and AWGS criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.0%. Participants with advanced age, low education, unemployment, low level of family economics and frailty were more likely to have sarcopenia. Among these, frailty had the highest impact on sarcopenia, with significantly higher odds of having sarcopenia found in participants with pre-frailty (OR = 4.80, 95% CI 2.75-8.38, p < 0.001) and frailty (OR = 21.16, 95% CI 8.96-49.97, p < 0.001). In contrast, BMI was inversely associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is prevalent in the Vietnamese elderly. Apart from social demographic characteristics including age, education, employment and family economic status, frailty appeared to be an important risk factor. Early screening, referral, and treatment of sarcopenia among the elderly having a high risk of sarcopenia are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Anh Thi Pham
- Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, 126 Nguyen Thien Thanh Street, Ward 5, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam.
| | - Dao Tieu Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh-Minh Le Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong-Anh Nhat Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Laboratory Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tam Van Vo
- Department of Nutrition and Food, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hy-Han Thi Bui
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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12
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Ahmad SS, Chun HJ, Ahmad K, Choi I. Therapeutic applications of ginseng for skeletal muscle-related disorder management. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:12-19. [PMID: 38223826 PMCID: PMC10785254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) is the largest organ of the body and is largely responsible for the metabolism required to maintain body functions. Furthermore, the maintenance of SM is dependent on the activation of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) and the subsequent proliferation and fusion of differentiating myoblasts into mature myofibers (myogenesis). Natural compounds are being used as therapeutic options to promote SM regeneration during aging, muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, cachexia, or obesity. In particular, ginseng-derived compounds have been utilized in these contexts, though ginsenoside Rg1 is mostly used for SM mass management. These compounds primarily function by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, upregulating myogenin and MyoD to induce muscle hypertrophy, downregulating atrophic factors (atrogin1, muscle ring-finger protein-1, myostatin, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production), and suppressing the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in cachexia. Ginsenoside compounds are also used for obesity management, and their anti-obesity effects are attributed to peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) inhibition, AMPK activation, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation, and increased phosphorylations of insulin resistance (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and Akt. This review was undertaken to provide an overview of the use of ginseng-related compounds for the management of SM-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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13
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Altajar S, Wang N, Rosenthaler MP, Murabito JM, Long MT. NAFLD Associates with Sarcopenia Defined by Muscle Mass and Slow Walking Speed: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Framingham Heart Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7523. [PMID: 38137592 PMCID: PMC10743412 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with NAFLD. It is unknown if the association is explained by shared risk factors. Our study sought to investigate the association between liver fat and sarcopenia in our cohort. Liver fat was measured on CT between 2008 and 2011. We excluded heavy alcohol use and missing covariates. Muscle mass in a subset (n = 485) was measured by 24 h urinary creatinine. Physical function was defined by h strength and walking speed. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass and/or low physical function. We created multivariable-adjusted regression models to evaluate cross-sectional associations between liver fat and low muscle mass, grip strength, and walking speed. The prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 30% (n = 1073; 58.1% women; mean age 65.8 ± 8.6 years). There was a significant positive association between liver fat and muscle mass in linear regression models. The association was not significant after adjusting for BMI. The odds of sarcopenia increased by 28% for each SD in liver fat (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.02, 1.60) and persisted after accounting for confounders in multivariable-adjusted models (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02, 1.67). Further studies are needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between liver fat and sarcopenia and whether treatment of sarcopenia improves liver fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Altajar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Na Wang
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Max P. Rosenthaler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Joanne M. Murabito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Michelle T. Long
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
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14
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Aliwa B, Horvath A, Traub J, Feldbacher N, Habisch H, Fauler G, Madl T, Stadlbauer V. Altered gut microbiome, bile acid composition and metabolome in sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2676-2691. [PMID: 37767786 PMCID: PMC10751428 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis is associated with low quality of life and high mortality risk. The pathogenesis has yet to be fully understood. We hypothesized that gut microbiome, bile acid (BA) composition and metabolites differ between cirrhotic patients with and without sarcopenia and contribute to pathogenesis. METHODS Cirrhotic patients with (n = 78) and without (n = 38) sarcopenia and non-cirrhotic controls with (n = 39) and without (n = 20) sarcopenia were included in this study. Faecal microbiome composition was studied by 16S rDNA sequencing, serum and faecal BA composition by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and metabolite composition in serum, faeces and urine by nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Bacteroides fragilis, Blautia marseille, Sutterella spp. and Veillonella parvula were associated with cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia, whereas Bacteroides ovatus was more abundant in cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia. We observed significantly elevated secondary BAs, deoxycholic acid (DCA; P = 0.01) and lithocholic acid (LCA; P = 0.02), and the ratios of deoxycholic acid to cholic acid (DCA:CA; P = 0.04), lithocholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid (LCA:CDCA; P = 0.03) and 12 alpha-hydroxylated to non-12 alpha-hydroxylated BAs (12-α-OH:non-12-α-OH BAs; P = 0.04) in serum of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia, indicating an enhanced transformation of primary to secondary BAs by the gut microbiome. CA (P = 0.02) and the ratios of CA:CDCA (P = 0.03) and total ursodeoxycholic acid to total secondary BAs (T-UDCA:total-sec-BAs, P = 0.03) were significantly reduced in the stool of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia. Also, valine and acetate were significantly reduced in the serum of cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia compared with cirrhotic patients without sarcopenia (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression further confirmed the association of B. ovatus (P = 0.01, odds ratio [OR]: 12.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 168.1; 2.2), the ratios of 12-α-OH:non-12-α-OH BAs (P = 0.03, OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 0.99; 6.55) and T-UDCA:total-sec-BAs (P = 0.04, OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.98) in serum and stool CA:CDCA (P = 0.04, OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62; 0.99), and serum valine (P = 0.04, OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.02; 1.00) with sarcopenia in cirrhosis after correcting for the severity of liver disease and sex. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a potential functional gut microbiome-host interaction linking sarcopenia with the altered gut microbiomes, BA profiles and amino acids pointing towards a potential mechanistic interplay in understanding sarcopenia pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard Aliwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and TechnologyUniversity of NairobiNairobiKenya
| | - Angela Horvath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Julia Traub
- Department of Clinical Medical NutritionUniversity Hospital GrazGrazAustria
| | - Nicole Feldbacher
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Günter Fauler
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory DiagnosticsGrazAustria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and BiochemistryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Centre for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
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15
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Wannamethee SG, Atkins JL. Sarcopenic Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health and Mortality in Older Adults: a Growing Health Concern in an Ageing Population. Curr Diab Rep 2023; 23:307-314. [PMID: 37566368 PMCID: PMC10640508 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-023-01522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a growing public health problem in older adults. Whether SO confers higher risk of cardiometabolic disease and mortality than obesity or sarcopenia alone is still a matter of debate. We focus on recent findings on SO and cardiometabolic health and mortality in older adults. RECENT FINDINGS SO is associated with increased mortality compared to non-sarcopenic obesity, but similar mortality risk compared to sarcopenia without obesity. SO is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and physical disability than obesity or sarcopenia alone. SO, in the presence of diabetes, is associated with the highest risk of CVD and chronic kidney disease. A definition and diagnostic criteria for SO has recently been proposed (ESPEN and EASO). SO is associated with more adverse outcomes overall than sarcopenia or obesity alone. Future research is required to assess the impact of the new SO definition on health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasiwarang Goya Wannamethee
- Department Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, NW32PF, UK.
| | - Janice L Atkins
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, Devon, UK
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16
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Carvalho BMD, Silva RSC, Lima VVMD, Almondes KGDS, Rodrigues FNS, D'Almeida JAC, Melo MLPD. Excess weight increases the risk of sarcopenia in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105049. [PMID: 37864991 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. Nutritional status influences the course of the disease, however, its relationship with sarcopenia needs further investigation. The aim of the study was to identify patients with sarcopenia and assess its association with nutritional status and the clinical course of the disease. METHODS The study assessed 110 patients submitted to evaluation of sociodemographic characteristics, level of physical activity, nutritional status, and presence of sarcopenia. The clinical course of the disease, age at onset, disease duration, disease-modifying therapy, and expanded scale of disability status (EDSS) were investigated. RESULTS Mean age was 37.17 (SD = 10.60) years, disease duration was 6.29 years (SD = 4.65), with a predominance of female gender (80.90 %), relapsing-remitting clinical form (RRMS) (89.10 %) and mild level of disability (EDSS median = 1.92). The group had excess weight (53.6 %) according to body mass index (BMI) and abdominal fat accumulation measured by waist circumference (WC) (53.6 %). High percentage of fat mass ( % FM) was observed in 54.5 % and 38.2 % of the patients according to bioimpedance (BIA) and ultrasound (US), respectively. It was observed that 15.5 % were at risk for sarcopenia, which was associated with excess weight, and high % FM (p<0.05). CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of including nutritional status indicators, and sarcopenia assessment in the care of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Melo de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Programme in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - José Artur Costa D'Almeida
- Interdisciplinary Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurology, Fortaleza General Hospital (HGF), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Pereira de Melo
- Postgraduate Programme in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurology, Fortaleza General Hospital (HGF), Fortaleza, Brazil.
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17
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Sasaki T, Yamada E, Uehara R, Okada S, Chikuda H, Yamada M. Role of Fyn and the interleukin-6-STAT-3-autophagy axis in sarcopenia. iScience 2023; 26:107717. [PMID: 37744036 PMCID: PMC10515305 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of muscle mass wherein Fyn regulates STAT3 to decrease autophagy. To elucidate the role of inflammation in Fyn-STAT3-dependent autophagy and sarcopenia, here we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms using two mouse models of primary and secondary sarcopenia: (1) tail suspension and (2) sciatic denervation. In wild-type mice, the expression of Fyn and IL-6 increased significantly. The expression and phosphorylation levels of STAT3 were also significantly augmented, while autophagic activity was abolished. To investigate Fyn-dependency, we used tail suspension with Fyn-null mice. In tail-suspended wild-type mice, IL-6 expression was increased; however, it was abolished in Fyn-null mice, which maintained autophagy and the expression and ablation of STAT3 phosphorylation. In conclusion, Fyn was found to be associated with the IL-6-STAT3-autophagy axis in sarcopenia. This finding permits a better understanding of sarcopenia-associated metabolic diseases and the possible development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Eijiro Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ryota Uehara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shuichi Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Chikuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masanobu Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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18
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Bousquet A, Sanderson K, O’Shea TM, Fry RC. Accelerated Aging and the Life Course of Individuals Born Preterm. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1683. [PMID: 37892346 PMCID: PMC10605448 DOI: 10.3390/children10101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Individuals born preterm have shorter lifespans and elevated rates of chronic illness that contribute to mortality risk when compared to individuals born at term. Emerging evidence suggests that individuals born preterm or of low birthweight also exhibit physiologic and cellular biomarkers of accelerated aging. It is unclear whether, and to what extent, accelerated aging contributes to a higher risk of chronic illness and mortality among individuals born preterm. Here, we review accelerated aging phenotypes in adults born preterm and biological pathways that appear to contribute to accelerated aging. We highlight biomarkers of accelerated aging and various resiliency factors, including both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic factors, that might buffer the propensity for accelerated aging among individuals born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bousquet
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (A.B.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Keia Sanderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (A.B.); (R.C.F.)
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19
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Fonfría-Vivas R, Pérez-Ros P, Barrachina-Igual J, Pablos-Monzó A, Martínez-Arnau FM. Assessing quality of life with SarQol is useful in screening for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older women. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:2069-2079. [PMID: 37442906 PMCID: PMC10520098 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may be impaired in the presence of sarcopenia. Since a specific quality of life questionnaire became available for sarcopenia (SarQol), cutoffs to screen for this condition have been proposed, prompting the need to assess them in different populations. Due to the lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria, the tool has not yet been analyzed in screening for sarcopenic obesity. AIM Our aim is to measure the SarQoL's metric properties and establish a cutoff in QoL assessments that could be used along the diagnostic pathway for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older women. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed women aged ≥ 70 years using the SarQol, sarcopenia criteria (EWGSOP2) and sarcopenic obesity criteria (ESPEN/EASO). Cutoffs for the SarQol were defined with a receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve, and sensitivity and specificity were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 95 included women (mean age 76.0 years, standard deviation [SD] 5.7), 7.3% (n = 7) were classified as having sarcopenic obesity, 22.1% (n = 21) as having sarcopenia, and 70.5% (n = 67) as not having sarcopenia. The total SarQol score was higher in women without sarcopenia (66.5 SD 16.2) versus those with sarcopenia (56.6 SD 15.6) and sarcopenic obesity (45.1 SD 7.9). A cutoff of ≤ 60 points is proposed for sarcopenia screening (area under the ROC curve [AUC] 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.80; sensitivity 61.9%; specificity 62%), and ≤ 50 points for sarcopenic obesity (AUC 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.95; sensitivity 71.4%; specificity 76.9%). CONCLUSIONS Quality of life is compromised in women with sarcopenia and especially in those with sarcopenic obesity. The SarQol could be useful in screening for these conditions, providing insight into health-related quality of life in older people with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Fonfría-Vivas
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Av. Menendez Pelayo 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Ros
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Av. Menendez Pelayo 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Barrachina-Igual
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Ramiro de Maetzu 14, 46900, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pablos-Monzó
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Ramiro de Maetzu 14, 46900, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco M Martínez-Arnau
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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20
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Lu F, Ruan S, Xu X, Song X, Li Z, Chen C, Feng M, Zhu H, Tung TH, Hong D. Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding sarcopenia: a survey between orthopedic and geriatric professionals in China. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:2019-2028. [PMID: 37454035 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In elderly patients with fractures, sarcopenia impairs recovery and even increases mortality. Both orthopedic and geriatric professionals are at the forefront of treating sarcopenic patients with fractures. However, it is not clear to what extent they have knowledge and skills to diagnose and treat sarcopenia. AIMS This study aimed to analyze and compare knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding sarcopenia between orthopedic and geriatric professionals. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2022 targeting professionals in orthopedic and geriatric departments in two largest tertiary general hospitals in Taizhou, southeastern China. Results on knowledge, attitude, and practice of sarcopenia were analyzed. Variables with significance were then included in a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 220 professionals, 176 from orthopedic departments and 44 from geriatric departments, participated in this study. Orthopedic professionals scored lower than geriatrics in knowledge, attitude and practice (P < 0.001). The attitude score was high in both orthopedic and geriatric professionals. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that participants who had contact with sarcopenia patients had higher knowledge score (β = 1.941, P < 0.001); participants who had attended sarcopenia training in the past 6 months (β = 4.305, P < 0.001) had higher practice score. DISCUSSION Orthopedic professionals have deficiencies in the screening and diagnosis of sarcopenia. Improving the knowledge and training of professionals can strengthen practice. It is necessary to formulate diagnostic criteria and improve practice of sarcopenia through training. CONCLUSION Orthopedic professionals had limited knowledge and practice regarding sarcopenia compared with geriatric professionals. To improve sarcopenia practice, the use of diagnostic tools to formally diagnose sarcopenia and regular training on sarcopenia should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangying Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shengyu Ruan
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xianquan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xiaoting Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhiyan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Cunguo Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mingxuan Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, Taizhou, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, Taizhou, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Department of Clinical Research, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou, China
| | - Dun Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Bone Metabolism and Development Research Center, Enze Medical Center, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China.
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21
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Yi D, Sugimoto T, Matsumura T, Yokoyama S, Fujisato T, Nakamura T, Hashimoto T. Investigating the Combined Effects of Mechanical Stress and Nutrition on Muscle Hypertrophic Signals Using Contractile 3D-Engineered Muscle (3D-EM). Nutrients 2023; 15:4083. [PMID: 37764867 PMCID: PMC10536268 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 3D-EM closely resembles in vivo muscles, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise (electrical pulse stimulation (EPS)) and nutrition (maca), which contains triterpenes, on muscle hypertrophy by using 3D-EM for the first time. The 3D-EM was composed of C2C12 cells and type 1 collagen gel, was differentiated for 14 days, and was divided into four groups: control, maca, EPS, and maca + EPS. The medium was replaced every two days before each EPS intervention, and the concentration of maca in the culture solution was 1 mg/mL. The intervention conditions of the EPS were 30 V, 1 Hz, and 2 ms (24 h on, 24 h off, for one week). The expression levels of proteins were examined by Western blotting. The intervention of maca and EPS upregulated the expression of MHC-fast/slow (both p < 0.05) compared with the control group, and the addition of maca had no effect on the phosphorylation of mTOR (p = 0.287) but increased the AMPK phosphorylation (p = 0.001). These findings suggest that intervention with maca and EPS has a positive effect on muscle hypertrophy, which has a positive impact on sarcopenia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Takeshi Sugimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Teppei Matsumura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
| | - Sho Yokoyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Toshia Fujisato
- Graduate Course in Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Division of Human Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan; (D.Y.); (T.S.); (T.M.)
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22
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Khalafi M, Akbari A, Symonds ME, Pourvaghar MJ, Rosenkranz SK, Tabari E. Influence of different modes of exercise training on inflammatory markers in older adults with and without chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2023; 169:156303. [PMID: 37467710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ageing can be accompanied by increased inflammation, which contributes to the development of sarcopenia. Exercise training could be effective for preventing sarcopenia and mitigate inflammation and thus a viable intervention in ageing. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise training on markers of inflammation including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in older adults (≥65 years). Exercise-based interventions are most successful in preventing the decline in skeletal muscle mass and in preserving or ameliorating functional capacities with increasing age. METHOD PubMed and Web of Science were searched through to December 2021 using "exercise", "inflammatory markers", "elderly", and "randomized controlled trial" to identify randomized trials evaluating the effects of exercise training versus control groups on IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP in older adults with mean ages ≥ 65 yrs. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined using random effects models. RESULTS Forty studies involving 49 trials and 1,898 older adults were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, exercise training reduced IL-6 [-0.17 (95% CI -0.32 to -0.02), p = 0.02], TNF-α [-0.30 (95% CI -0.46 to -0.13), p = 0.001], and CRP [-0.45 (95% CI -0.61 to -0.29), p = 0.001]. Subgroup analyses showed that IL-6 was reduced significantly by combined training, TNF-α by aerobic training, and CRP by aerobic, resistance, and combined training. In addition, exercise training reduced IL-6 and TNF-α in older adults with chronic diseases, and CRP in older adults with and without chronic diseases. CONCLUSION The current results highlight that exercise training, regardless of exercise type, has small to moderate beneficial effects on markers of inflammation in older adults, particularly in those with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Amir Akbari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
| | - Michael E Symonds
- Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, Centre for Perinatal Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Javad Pourvaghar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sara K Rosenkranz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Elma Tabari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
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23
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Jung SY, Lee MJ, Lee SY. Analysis of the Relationship Between Lower leg Muscle Mass and Preservation of Lower Extremity in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023; 22:503-508. [PMID: 34096804 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211024493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how the muscle mass of the lower leg affects the preservation of the lower extremities in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. This study analyzed patients with diabetic foot ulcer between January 2014 and June 2018 with a follow-up of at least 2 years. Of these 181 patients whose ulcer is located distal to the metatarsophalangeal joint, which was categorized as grade ≤2 by the Wagner classification were classified into 4 grades: grade 0 (treated without amputation), grade 1 (amputation distal to the metatarsophalangeal joint), grade 2 (Ray, transmetatarsal, Lisfranc, and Chopart amputation), and grade 3 (Syme, below-knee, and above-knee amputation) according to the final amputation degree. The muscles of the lower leg were classified into 4 compartments: anterior, lateral, deep posterior, and superficial posterior. The cross-sectional area and attenuation to estimate the muscle volume and density were measured at the axial image of computed tomography (CT) angiography. No significant differences were observed in the sex ratio and mean age among the grades (P = .966 and .962). The cross-sectional area of the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments demonstrated no significant differences, but that of the superficial posterior compartment exhibited significant differences among the grades (P < .001). Moreover, the attenuation of the anterior, lateral, and deep posterior compartments showed no significant differences, but that of the posterior compartment showed significant differences among the grades (P = .003). The muscle mass of the superficial posterior compartment of the lower leg could be a good indicator of the preservation of the lower extremity in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Therefore, a strengthening exercise for the triceps surae and plantaris muscles in the early stage could help preserve as much of the lower extremities as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Y Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Myoung J Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Y Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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24
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Zoico E, Saatchi T, Nori N, Mazzali G, Rizzatti V, Pizzi E, Fantin F, Giani A, Urbani S, Zamboni M. Senescent adipocytes as potential effectors of muscle cells dysfunction: An in vitro model. Exp Gerontol 2023; 179:112233. [PMID: 37321332 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growing body of evidence showing a negative effect of the white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction on the skeletal muscle function and quality. However, little is known about the effects of senescent adipocytes on muscle cells. Therefore, to explore potential mechanisms involved in age-related loss of muscle mass and function, we performed an in vitro experiment using conditioned medium obtained from cultures of mature and aged 3 T3-L1 adipocytes, as well as from cultures of dysfunctional adipocytes exposed to oxidative stress or high insulin doses, to treat C2C12 myocytes. The results from morphological measures indicated a significant decrease in diameter and fusion index of myotubes after treatment with medium of aged or stressed adipocytes. Aged and stressed adipocytes presented different morphological characteristics as well as a different gene expression profile of proinflammatory cytokines and ROS production. In myocytes treated with different adipocytes' conditioned media, we demonstrated a significant reduction of gene expression of myogenic differentiation markers as well as a significant increase of genes involved in atrophy. Finally, a significant reduction in protein synthesis as well as a significant increase of myostatin was found in muscle cells treated with medium of aged or stressed adipocytes compared to controls. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that aged adipocytes could influence negatively trophism, function and regenerative capacity of myocytes by a paracrine network of signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zoico
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tanaz Saatchi
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Nicole Nori
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gloria Mazzali
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vanni Rizzatti
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pizzi
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Fantin
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Giani
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Urbani
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Zamboni
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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25
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Perazza LR, Gower AC, Brown-Borg HM, Pajevic PD, Thompson LV. Protectin DX as a therapeutic strategy against frailty in mice. GeroScience 2023; 45:2601-2627. [PMID: 37059838 PMCID: PMC10651819 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty in aging is driven by the dysregulation of multiple biological pathways. Protectin DX (PDX) is a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived molecule that alleviates many chronic inflammatory disorders, but its potential effects on frailty remain unknown. Our goal is to identify age-related impairments in metabolic systems and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PDX on frailty, physical performance, and health parameters. A set of 22-month-old C57BL/6 male and female mice were assigned to vehicle (Old) or PDX daily gavage treatment for 9 weeks, whereas 6-month-old (Adult) mice received only vehicle. Forelimb and hindlimb strength, endurance, voluntary wheel activity and walking speed determined physical performance and were combined with a frailty index score and body weight loss to determine frailty status. Our data shows that old vehicle-treated mice from both sexes had body weight loss paralleling visceromegaly, and Old females also had impaired insulin clearance as compared to the Adult group. Aging was associated with physical performance decline together with higher odds of frailty development. There was also age-driven mesangial expansion and glomerular hypertrophy as well as bone mineral density loss. All of the in vivo and in vitro impairments observed with aging co-occurred with upregulation of inflammatory pathways and Myc signaling as well as downregulation of genes related to adipogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in liver. PDX attenuated the age-driven physical performance (strength, exhaustion, walking speed) decline, promoted robustness, prevented bone losses and partially reversed changes in hepatic expression of Myc targets and metabolic genes. In conclusion, our data provides evidence of the beneficial therapeutic effect of PDX against features of frailty in mice. Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanisms of action and the potential for human translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís R Perazza
- Department of Physical Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Holly M Brown-Borg
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Paola Divieti Pajevic
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Morawin B, Tylutka A, Bielewicz F, Zembron-Lacny A. Diagnostics of inflammaging in relation to sarcopenia. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1162385. [PMID: 37465171 PMCID: PMC10351926 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1162385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the theories about aging focuses on the immune response and relates to the activation of subclinical and chronic inflammation. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between inflammation and sarcopenia and to evaluate the influence of lifestyle on the inflammatory profile. Finally, therapeutic strategies to counteract the pathophysiological effect of skeletal muscle aging were also indicated. One hundred seventy-three individuals aged 71.5 ± 6.8 years were divided into two groups: sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia (n = 39) and no sarcopenia (n = 134). Sarcopenia was assessed according to the algorithm of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the older adults 2. C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.011) and CRP/albumin ratio (p = 0.030) as well as IL-1β (p = 0.002), cfDNA (p < 0.001) and bilirubin levels (p = 0.002) were significantly higher in the sarcopenia group as opposed to the no sarcopenia group. No significant differences were observed between groups in the concentration of TNFα (p = 0.429) and IL-6 (p = 0.300). An inverse correlation was found between gait speed and cfDNA (rs = -0.234, p < 0.01) and IL-1β (rs = -0.263, p < 0.01). The ROC analysis of cfDNA, CRP, IL-1β and bilirubin ranged from 0.6 to 0.7, which confirms the association between sarcopenia and inflammatory mediators and indicates high clinical usefulness of cfDNA and bilirubin in sarcopenia prediction. We also indicated a link between inflammation and fitness level in the older adult thereby providing evidence that lifestyle exercise should be a key therapeutic strategy in sarcopenia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Morawin
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Anna Tylutka
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Filip Bielewicz
- Student Research Group, University of Zielona Gora, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
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27
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Calles M, Wirth R, Labeit B, Muhle P, Suntrup-Krueger S, Dziewas R, Lueg G, Trampisch US. Sarcopenic Dysphagia Revisited: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:2662. [PMID: 37375566 PMCID: PMC10302961 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is a frequent finding in older patients with potentially lethal complications such as aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, and dehydration. Recent studies describe sarcopenia as a causative factor for OD, which is occasionally referred to as "sarcopenic dysphagia" in the absence of a neurogenic etiology. In most of the previous studies on sarcopenic dysphagia, the diagnosis was based only on clinical assessment. In this study, flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) was used as an objective method to evaluate the presence of OD, its association with sarcopenia, and the presence of pure sarcopenic dysphagia. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 109 acute care geriatric hospital patients with suspected OD received FEES examination and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in clinical routine. 95% of patients had at least one neurological disease, 70% fulfilled the criteria for sarcopenia, and 45% displayed moderate or severe OD. Although the prevalence of sarcopenia and OD was high, there was no significant association between OD and sarcopenia. Considering these results, both the association between sarcopenia and OD and pure sarcopenic dysphagia appear questionable. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate if sarcopenia is merely an epiphenomenon of severe disease or whether it plays a causative role in the development of OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Calles
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Rainer Wirth
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Bendix Labeit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (P.M.); (S.S.-K.)
| | - Paul Muhle
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (P.M.); (S.S.-K.)
| | - Sonja Suntrup-Krueger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany (P.M.); (S.S.-K.)
| | - Rainer Dziewas
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Klinikum Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany;
| | - Gero Lueg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Ulrike Sonja Trampisch
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.L.)
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28
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Zuo X, Li X, Tang K, Zhao R, Wu M, Wang Y, Li T. Sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:1183-1198. [PMID: 37002802 PMCID: PMC10235887 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease and is often accompanied by other diseases. Now, many studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may raise the incidence rate of sarcopenia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs compared with the general population, defined as relatively healthy non-hospitalized subjects. The databases of PubMed, Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published up to 12 November 2022. Two assessment tools were used to evaluate study quality and the risk of bias. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 and R Version 4.1.2. Thirty-eight out of the 89 629 articles retrieved were included in our review. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 10.1% to 68.9% in patients with CVDs, and the pooled prevalence was 35% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 28-42%). The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia was 32% (95% CI: 23-41%) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), 61% (95% CI: 49-72%) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), 43% (95% CI: 2-85%) in patients with coronary artery disease, 30% (95% CI: 25-35%) in patients with cardiac arrhythmia (CA), 35% (95% CI: 10-59%) in patients with congenital heart disease and 12% (95% CI: 7-17%) in patients with unclassed CVDs. However, in the general population, the prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 2.9% to 28.6% and the pooled prevalence was 13% (95% CI: 9-17%), suggesting that the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs was about twice compared with the general population. The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher only in patients with ADHF, CHF and CA compared with the general population. There is a positive correlation between CVDs and sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in patients with CVDs than that in the general population. With global aging, sarcopenia has brought a heavy burden to individuals and society. Therefore, it is important to identify the populations with high-risk or probable sarcopenia in order to do an early intervention, such as exercise, to counteract or slow down the progress of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Zuo
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Xuehong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kuo Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Minming Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tao Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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29
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Sawano S, Fukushima M, Akasaka T, Nakamura M, Tatsumi R, Ikeuchi Y, Mizunoya W. Up- and Downregulated Genes after Long-Term Muscle Atrophy Induced by Denervation in Mice Detected Using RNA-Seq. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051111. [PMID: 37240756 DOI: 10.3390/life13051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs rapidly as a result of inactivity. Although there are many reports on changes in gene expression during the early phase of muscle atrophy, the patterns of up-and downregulated gene expression after long-term and equilibrated muscle atrophy are poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively examined the changes in gene expression in long-term denervated mouse muscles using RNA-Seq. The murine right sciatic nerve was denervated, and the mice were housed for five weeks. The cross-sectional areas of the hind limb muscles were measured using an X-ray CT system 35 days after denervation. After 28 d of denervation, the cross-sectional area of the muscle decreased to approximately 65% of that of the intact left muscle and reached a plateau. Gene expression in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles on the 36th day was analyzed using RNA-Seq and validated using RT-qPCR. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that three genes-Adora1, E230016M11Rik, and Gm10718-were upregulated and one gene-Gm20515-was downregulated in the soleus muscle; additionally, four genes-Adora1, E230016M11Rik, Pigh, and Gm15557-were upregulated and one gene-Fzd7-was downregulated in the EDL muscle (FDR < 0.05). Among these genes, E230016M11Rik, one of the long non-coding RNAs, was significantly upregulated in both the muscles. These findings indicate that E230016M11Rik could be a candidate gene for the maintenance of atrophied skeletal muscle size and an atrophic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Sawano
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
| | - Misaki Fukushima
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taiki Akasaka
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mako Nakamura
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Tatsumi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Ikeuchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Wataru Mizunoya
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara 252-5201, Japan
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30
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Gharpure M, Chen J, Nerella R, Vyavahare S, Kumar S, Isales CM, Hamrick M, Adusumilli S, Fulzele S. Sex-specific alteration in human muscle transcriptome with age. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00795-5. [PMID: 37106281 PMCID: PMC10400750 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a medical condition that progressively develops with age and results in reduced skeletal muscle mass, alteration in muscle composition, and decreased muscle strength. Several clinical studies suggested that sarcopenia disproportionally affects males and females with age. Despite this knowledge, the molecular mechanism governing the pathophysiology is not well understood in a sex-specific manner. In this study, we utilized human gastrocnemius muscles from males and females to identify differentially regulated genes with age. We found 269 genes with at least a twofold expression difference in the aged muscle transcriptome. Among the female muscle samples, there were 239 differentially regulated genes, and the novel protein-coding genes include KIF20A, PIMREG, MTRNR2L6, TRPV6, EFNA2, RNF24, and SFN. In aged male skeletal muscle, there were 166 differentially regulated genes, and the novel-protein coding genes are CENPK, CDKN2A, BHLHA15, and EPHA. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment revealed glucose catabolism, NAD metabolic processes, and muscle fiber transition pathways that are involved in aged female skeletal muscle, whereas replicative senescence, cytochrome C release, and muscle composition pathways are disrupted in aged male skeletal muscle. Targeting these novels, differentially regulated genes, and signaling pathways could serve as sex-specific therapeutic targets to combat the age-related onset of sarcopenia and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Gharpure
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Resheek Nerella
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sagar Vyavahare
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, Augusta, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Gholami F, Bahrampour N, Samadi M, Rasaei N, Yarizadeh H, Naghshi S, Mirzaei K. The association of dietary acid load (DAL) with estimated skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral content: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:31. [PMID: 36788599 PMCID: PMC9926757 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00658-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Dietary patterns that promote mild metabolic acidosis may have a negative effect on bone and muscle, and a high dietary acid load (DAL) may be detrimental to skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral content. However, the association between skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral content with dietary acid load has not been consistently reported in previous studies. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of potential renal net acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) with bone mineral content and skeletal muscle mass in pre-menopause women with overweight or obesity in Iran. METHOD Three hundred and ninety women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 were included in this cross-sectional study. We used a validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for evaluating the dietary intake. Based on the dietary data, potential renal net acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) were calculated. Muscle mass and bone mineral content were estimated by a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA). RESULTS After controlling for potential confounders, we discovered a significant linear relationship between PRAL (β = -0.027, 95%CI = -0.049 to -0.004, P = 0.02) and NEAP (β = -0.05, 95%CI = -0.097 to -0.003, P = 0.03) and skeletal muscle mass index. However, there was no significant difference between SMM and BMC across PRAL and NEAP tertiles. CONCLUSION PRAL and NEAP were found to be inversely related to skeletal muscle mass index among overweight/obese women. Further research is required to establish whether this relationship is important for musculoskeletal health in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gholami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Niki Bahrampour
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Samadi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Sina Naghshi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155 Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O Box 6446, Tehran, 14155, Iran.
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Kim MH, Kim S, Kim S, Park W, Han J. Gryllus bimaculatus
‐containing diets protect against dexamethasone‐induced muscle atrophy, but not high‐fat diet‐induced obesity. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea
| | - Su‐Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Si‐Hyun Kim
- Department of Human Ecology (Food Science and Nutrition) Korea University Seoul South Korea
| | - Woo‐Jae Park
- Department of Biochemistry Chung‐Ang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Jung‐Soon Han
- Department of Human Ecology (Food Science and Nutrition) Korea University Seoul South Korea
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33
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Chen LH, Liu YH, Chen SC, Su HM. Low Obesity-Related Indices Are Associated with a Low Baseline Calcaneus Ultrasound T-Score, and a Rapid Decline in T-Score in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030605. [PMID: 36771312 PMCID: PMC9919494 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis results in reduced bone strength and an elevated risk of fractures. Both overweight and underweight have been associated with osteoporosis; however, few studies have examined associations between osteoporosis and indices related to obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations of obesity-related indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), with baseline and change in calcaneus ultrasound T-score between baseline and follow-up (ΔT-score). T-score was measured using ultrasound. A total of 26,983 subjects were enrolled (mean age 51.2 ± 10.4 years). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.065), WHR (per 1%; β, 0.012), WHtR (per 1%; β, 0.024), BRI (per 1; β, 0.079), BAI (per 1; β, 0.032), AVI (per 1; β, 0.049), and LAP (per 1; β, 0.005) with low baseline T-scores (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.005; p = 0.036), BAI (per 1; β, 0.010; p < 0.001), and VAI (per 1; β, 0.017; p = 0.002) with low ΔT-scores. A low baseline T-score was significantly associated with low values of LAP, AVI, BAI, BMI, BRI, WHR, and WHtR but not VAI. In addition, low BMI, BAI, and VAI were significantly associated with low ΔT-scores, representing a rapidly decreasing T-score. Consequently, avoiding being underweight may help prevent osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsueh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (H.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (H.-M.S.); Fax: +886-7-8063346 (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8063346 (H.-M.S.)
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (H.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (H.-M.S.); Fax: +886-7-8063346 (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8063346 (H.-M.S.)
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Cui M, Zhang Q, Chen X, Wu H. Analysis of CT imaging changes of psoas major muscles in patients with lumbar disc herniation mainly based on low back pain and lower limb pain. Front Surg 2023; 9:1022903. [PMID: 36756659 PMCID: PMC9899798 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1022903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to compare the area changes of CT (computed tomograghy) imaging of psoas major muscle (PM) in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) mainly based on low back pain (LBP) and lower limb pain (LLP), and to analyze the correlation among them. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the lumbar CT imaging data of 120 patients with LDH and 60 healthy control people in our hospital from July 2017 to August 2019. They were divided into LBP group (60 cases), LLP group (60 cases) and healthy controls group (60 cases). According to the pain duration and pain degree, LBP group and LLP group were divided into three subgroups respectively. The maximum cross-sectional area (CSA) of PM and the CSA of L5 vertebral body were calculated by Image J software, and the ratio of them was the maximum CSA index of PM. The maximum CSA indices of PM among three groups and three subgroups were compared, respectively. Results The baseline data among the three groups weren't significantly different (P > 0.05), yet the maximum CSA index of PM did (P < 0.05). In the LBP group, the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (short, medium and long) according to the pain duration were significantly different (P < 0.05), and those among the three subgroups (light, medium and heavy) according to pain degree did (P < 0.05). In the LLP group, the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (short, medium and long) were compared, but there was not statistical difference among the three subgroups (P > 0.05). No statistical difference in terms of the maximum CSA indices of PM among the three subgroups (light, medium and heavy) was observed (P > 0.05). Conclusion The atrophy and thinning of PM may be related to LDH. The correlation between the atrophy of PM and LBP was greater than that of LLP. The atrophy of PM in LDH patients with LBP increased with the prolongation of pain duration and aggravation of pain degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, Tangshan, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- Department of Cardiology,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xipeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Correspondence: Han Wu
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Marques J, Shokry E, Uhl O, Baber L, Hofmeister F, Jarmusch S, Bidlingmaier M, Ferrari U, Koletzko B, Drey M. Sarcopenia: investigation of metabolic changes and its associated mechanisms. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:2. [PMID: 36658632 PMCID: PMC9850598 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is one of the most predominant musculoskeletal diseases of the elderly, defined as age-related progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass with a simultaneous reduction in muscle strength and/or function. Using metabolomics, we aimed to examine the association between sarcopenia and the plasma metabolic profile of sarcopenic patients, measured using a targeted HPLC-MS/MS platform. METHODS Plasma samples from 22 (17 men) hip fracture patients undergoing surgery (8 sarcopenic, age 81.4+6.3, and 14 non-sarcopenic, age 78.4±8.1) were analyzed. T test, fold change, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, and sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis were used for mining significant features. Metabolite set enrichment analysis and mediation analysis by PLSSEM were thereafter performed. RESULTS Using a univariate analysis for sarcopenia z score, the amino acid citrulline was the only metabolite with a significant group difference after FDR correction. Positive trends were observed between the sarcopenia z score and very long-chain fatty acids as well as dicarboxylic acid carnitines. Multivariate analysis showed citrulline, non-esterified fatty acid 26:2, and decanedioyl carnitine as the top three metabolites according to the variable importance in projection using oPLS-DA and loadings weight by sPLS-DA. Metabolite set enrichment analysis showed carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency (II) as the highest condition related to the metabolome. CONCLUSIONS We observed a difference in the plasma metabolic profile in association with different measures of sarcopenia, which identifies very long-chain fatty acids, Carn.DC and citrulline as key variables associated with the disease severity. These findings point to a potential link between sarcopenia and mitochondrial dysfunction and portraits a number of possible biochemical pathways which might be involved in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair Marques
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Paediatrics, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Engy Shokry
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Paediatrics, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olaf Uhl
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Paediatrics, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Baber
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Hofmeister
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Jarmusch
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Bidlingmaier
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Ferrari
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Department of Paediatrics, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstr, 4, D-80337, Munich, Germany.
| | - Michael Drey
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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36
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Netzer S, Chocano-Bedoya P, Feller M, Janett-Pellegri C, Wildisen L, Büchi AE, Moutzouri E, Rodriguez EG, Collet TH, Poortvliet RKE, Mc Carthy VJC, Aeberli D, Aujesky D, Westendorp R, Quinn TJ, Gussekloo J, Kearney PM, Mooijaart S, Bauer DC, Rodondi N. The effect of thyroid hormone therapy on muscle function, strength and mass in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism-an ancillary study within two randomized placebo controlled trials. Age Ageing 2023; 52:7008632. [PMID: 36721961 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND loss of skeletal muscle function, strength and mass is common in older adults, with important socioeconomic impacts. Subclinical hypothyroidism is common with increasing age and has been associated with reduced muscle strength. Yet, no randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT) has investigated whether treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism affects muscle function and mass. METHODS this is an ancillary study within two RCTs conducted among adults aged ≥65 years with persistent subclinical hypothyroidism (thyrotropin (TSH) 4.60-19.99 mIU/l, normal free thyroxine). Participants received daily levothyroxine with TSH-guided dose adjustment or placebo and mock titration. Primary outcome was gait speed at final visit (median 18 months). Secondary outcomes were handgrip strength at 1-year follow-up and yearly change in muscle mass. RESULTS we included 267 participants from Switzerland and the Netherlands. Mean age was 77.5 years (range 65.1-97.1), 129 (48.3%) were women, and their mean baseline TSH was 6.36 mIU/l (standard deviation [SD] 1.9). At final visit, mean TSH was 3.8 mIU/l (SD 2.3) in the levothyroxine group and 5.1 mIU/l (SD 1.8, P < 0.05) in the placebo group. Compared to placebo, participants in the levothyroxine group had similar gait speed at final visit (adjusted between-group mean difference [MD] 0.01 m/s, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.06 to 0.09), similar handgrip strength at one year (MD -1.22 kg, 95% CI -2.60 to 0.15) and similar yearly change in muscle mass (MD -0.15 m2, 95% CI -0.49 to 0.18). CONCLUSIONS in this ancillary analysis of two RCTs, treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism did not affect muscle function, strength and mass in individuals 65 years and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraina Netzer
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Chocano-Bedoya
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Population Health Laboratory, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Martin Feller
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Janett-Pellegri
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lea Wildisen
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annina E Büchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisavet Moutzouri
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bone Diseases, Service of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rosalinde K E Poortvliet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Daniel Aeberli
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Drahomir Aujesky
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rudi Westendorp
- Department of Public Health, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terence J Quinn
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Douglas C Bauer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Sinha K, Uddin Z, Kawsar H, Islam S, Deen M, Howlader M. Analyzing chronic disease biomarkers using electrochemical sensors and artificial neural networks. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Peralta-Amaro AL, Pecero-García EI, Valadez-Calderón JG, Ramírez-Ventura JC, Coria-Moctezuma LA, Hernández-Utrera JE. Low testosterone levels as an independent risk factor for mortality in male patients with COVID-19: Report of a Single-Center Cohort Study in Mexico. Rev Int Androl 2023; 21:100329. [PMID: 36266232 PMCID: PMC9576254 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a greater severity and lethality of the disease has been highlighted in male patients, so we set out to evaluate the prognostic role of serum testosterone levels in the clinical results of this population. METHODS In this single-center and cross-sectional design, we included male patients admitted to our hospital with COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis. The biochemical analysis included lymphocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total testosterone (TT), dehydroepiandrosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Receiver operating characteristic curves, univariate and bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression for multivariate analysis were performed. A p value<0.05 was consider significant. RESULTS From 86 men included, 48.8% died. TT levels were lower in non-survivor patients than in survivor patients (4.01nmol/L [0.29-14.93] vs 5.41 (0.55-25.08) nmol/L, p=0.021). The independent risk factors that increased the relative risk (RR) of dying from COVID-19 were: age>59 years (RR 3.5 [95% IC 1.0-11.6], p=0.045), TT levels<4.89nmol/L (RR 4.0 [95% IC 1.2-13.5], p=0.027) and LDH levels>597IU/L (RR 3.9 [95% IC 1.2-13.1], p=0.024). Patients who required mechanical ventilation (p=0.025), had lymphopenia (p=0.013) and LDH levels>597IU/L (p=0.034), had significantly lower TT levels compared to those who did not present these conditions. There were no differences in TT levels between patients who had or did not have comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS A TT level<4.89nmol/L increase four times the RR of death from COVID-19 in men, regardless of age or presence of comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lilia Peralta-Amaro
- M.D. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico; Division of Postgraduate Studies, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Emily Itzel Pecero-García
- M.D. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico; Division of Postgraduate Studies, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Guadalupe Valadez-Calderón
- M.D. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico; Division of Postgraduate Studies, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio César Ramírez-Ventura
- M.D. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico; Division of Postgraduate Studies, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Alonso Coria-Moctezuma
- M.D. Diagnostic and Treatment Division, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Enrique Hernández-Utrera
- M.D. Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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Katal S, Taubman K, Han J, Gholamrezanezhad A. Aging Muscles, Myositis, Pain, and Peripheral Neuropathies: PET Manifestations in the Elderly. PET Clin 2023; 18:149-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chang SW, Lim GC, Kang JW. Subjective voice change was associated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass in elderly men, but not in women: A cross-sectional study. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:58-64. [PMID: 36320144 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between subjective voice changes and appendicular skeletal muscle in the elderly in Korea. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING Population-based survey data were collected by the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between January 2009 and December 2011. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2611 participants (1081 men and 1530 women) aged 65 to 80 years were enrolled in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2011. A 70-degree laryngeal endoscopy was performed to check for abnormalities in the larynx, while dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was utilised to measure appendicular skeletal muscle mass. The correlation between subjective voice change and appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) was analysed using a linear-by-linear association test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS When comparing ASMI according to the presence or absence of subjective voice change, elderly men showed significantly lower ASMI values when subjective voice change was present (p = .021). However, in women, the ASMI was not significantly lower in the presence of subjective voice changes (p = .365). We confirmed that subjective voice change was significantly lower in the highest quintile of ASMI compared to lowest quintile of ASMI in the men using logistic regression analysis (B 0.281, 95% confident interval 0.082-0.964, p < .044). CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that in Korean men aged >65 years, subjective voice abnormality significantly increased as skeletal muscle mass decreased. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether a correlation exists between objective voice test results and ASMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Chai Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Wan Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Muñoz D, De Marchis C, Gizzi L, Severini G. Predictive simulation of sit-to-stand based on reflexive-controllers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279300. [PMID: 36584117 PMCID: PMC9803124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sit-to-stand can be defined as a set of movements that allow humans to rise from a sitting position to a bipedal standing pose. These movements, often categorized as four distinct kinematic phases, must be coordinated for assuring personal autonomy and can be compromised by ageing or physical impairments. To solve this, rehabilitation techniques and assistive devices demand proper description of the principles that lead to the correct completion of this motor task. While the muscular dynamics of the sit-to-stand task have been analysed, the underlying neural activity remains unknown and largely inaccessible for conventional measurement systems. Predictive simulations can propose motor controllers whose plausibility is evaluated through the comparison between simulated and experimental kinematics. In the present work, we modelled an array of reflexes that originate muscle activations as a function of proprioceptive and vestibular feedback. This feedback encodes torso position, displacement velocity and acceleration of a modelled human body with 7 segments, 9 degrees of freedom, and 50 actuators. We implemented two controllers: a four-phases controller where the reflex gains and composition vary depending on the kinematic phase, and a simpler two-phases controller, where three of the kinematic phases share the same reflex gains. Gains were optimized using Covariance Matrix Adaptation. The results of the simulations reveal, for both controllers, human-like sit-to-stand movement, with joint angles and muscular activity comparable to experimental data. The results obtained with the simplified two-phases controller indicate that a simple set of reflexes could be sufficient to drive this motor task.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Muñoz
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cristiano De Marchis
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gizzi
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Giacomo Severini
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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Puri PL. A post-middle-age crisis for CD47 and THBS1 that turns into a vicious cycle. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1613-1615. [PMID: 36459961 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Porpiglia et al.1 report on alterations in CD47 and THBS1 expression and function in aged muscle stem cells that disrupt their regeneration capacity. Targeting THBS1-CD47 cross-signaling is sufficient to reverse sarcopenia and restore muscle mass and function in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Medici F, Rizzo S, Buwenge M, Arcelli A, Ferioli M, Macchia G, Deodato F, Cilla S, De Iaco P, Perrone AM, Strolin S, Strigari L, Ravegnini G, Bazzocchi A, Morganti AG. Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Sarcopenia but Were Afraid to Ask: A Quick Guide for Radiation Oncologists (Impact of Sarcopenia in Radiotherapy: The AFRAID Project). Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8513-8528. [PMID: 36354731 PMCID: PMC9689889 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia (SP) is a syndrome characterized by age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. SP worsens both acute and late radiation-induced toxicity, prognosis, and quality of life. Myosteatosis is a pathological infiltration of muscle tissue by adipose tissue which often precedes SP and has a proven correlation with prognosis in cancer patients. Sarcopenic obesity is considered a "hidden form" of SP (due to large fat mass) and is independently related to higher mortality and worse complications after surgery and systemic treatments with worse prognostic impact compared to SP alone. The evaluation of SP is commonly based on CT images at the level of the middle of the third lumbar vertebra. On this scan, all muscle structures are contoured and then the outlined surface area is calculated. Several studies reported a negative impact of SP on overall survival in patients undergoing RT for tumors of the head and neck, esophagus, rectum, pancreas, cervix, and lung. Furthermore, several appetite-reducing side effects of RT, along with more complex radiation-induced mechanisms, can lead to SP through, but not limited to, reduced nutrition. In particular, in pediatric patients, total body irradiation was associated with the onset of SP and other changes in body composition leading to an increased risk of cardiometabolic morbidity in surviving adults. Finally, some preliminary studies showed the possibility of effectively treating SP and preventing the worsening of SP during RT. Future studies should be able to provide information on how to prevent and manage SP before, during, or after RT, in both adult and pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Medici
- Department of Experimental, Radiation Oncology, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-214-3564
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Service of Radiology, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Milly Buwenge
- Department of Experimental, Radiation Oncology, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Arcelli
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Ferioli
- Department of Experimental, Radiation Oncology, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriella Macchia
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Francesco Deodato
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Pierandrea De Iaco
- Division of Oncologic Gynecology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche (CSR), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Myriam Perrone
- Division of Oncologic Gynecology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Centro di Studio e Ricerca delle Neoplasie Ginecologiche (CSR), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Strolin
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gloria Ravegnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio G. Morganti
- Department of Experimental, Radiation Oncology, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Kim SW, Park HY, Jung WS, Lim K. Effects of Twenty-Four Weeks of Resistance Exercise Training on Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Functional Fitness and Isokinetic Muscle Strength in Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192114554. [PMID: 36361434 PMCID: PMC9656451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Resistance exercise effectively improves bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle quality (e.g., muscle mass and muscle strength). The present study aimed to examine the effect of a 24-week resistance exercise training (RT) program on body composition, BMD, functional fitness, and isokinetic muscle strength in obese older women. Forty obese older women were initially enrolled. Among them, 30 participants (age: 80.55 ± 4.94 years; body fat percentage: 36.25 ± 3.44%) completed the study. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups: the RT group (n = 15) and the control (CON) group (n = 15). The RT group participated in the exercise for 60 min per session and two sessions per week for 24 weeks. Pre-test and post-test body composition, BMD, functional fitness, and isokinetic muscle strength were evaluated. The RT group increased significantly in functional fitness (hand grip strength: 1.70 kg, p < 0.01, and lower body strength: 3.87 n, p < 0.001), and isokinetic muscle strength (non-dominant leg extensor peak torque %BW at 60°/s: 13.20%, p < 0.05, dominant leg (DL) flexor peak torque at 60°/s: 3.87 Nm, p < 0.05, and DL flexor peak torque %BW at 60°/s: 7.60%, p < 0.05). However, the CON group showed negative changes in body composition (fat mass: 1.15 kg, p < 0.001, body fat percentage: 1.59%, p < 0.001, and fat-free mass: -0.58 kg, p < 0.05), BMD (whole-body: -0.01 g/cm2, p < 0.001 and forearm: -0.01 g/cm2, p < 0.05), functional fitness (lower body flexibility: -3.23 cm, p < 0.01, upper body strength: -2.06 n, p < 0.01, and agility and dynamic balance: 0.54 s, p < 0.01), and isokinetic muscle strength at 60°/s and 180°/s (all peak torque % body weight variables: -7.31--1.50, p < 0.05). Our findings show that the CON group negatively affects body composition, BMD, functional fitness, and isokinetic muscle strength in obese older women for 24 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Won-Sang Jung
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Comparing Even with Skewed Dietary Protein Distribution Shows No Difference in Muscle Protein Synthesis or Amino Acid Utilization in Healthy Older Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214442. [PMID: 36364705 PMCID: PMC9654411 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a multifactorial disease that limits autonomy for the growing elderly population. An optimal amount of dietary protein has shown to be important to maintain muscle mass during aging. Yet, the optimal distribution of that dietary protein has not been fully clarified. The aim of the present study was to examine whether an even, compared to a skewed, distribution of daily dietary protein leads to higher muscle protein synthesis and amino acid utilization. Twelve healthy males and twelve healthy females aged between 65 and 80 years were block randomized to either an even (EVEN, n = 12) or skewed (SKEWED, n = 12) dietary protein distribution for three daily main meals. Seven days of habituation were followed by three trial days, which were initiated by oral intake of deuterium oxide (D2O). The dietary protein throughout all trial meals was intrinsically labelled with 2H5-phenylalanine. Blood samples were drawn daily, and muscle biopsies were taken before and at the end of the trial to measure muscle protein synthesis (FSR) and muscle protein incorporation of the dietary-protein-derived tracer. Muscle protein FSR was no different between the two groups (EVEN 2.16 ± 0.13%/day and SKEWED 2.23 ± 0.09%/day, p = 0.647), and the muscle protein incorporation of the intrinsically labeled 2H5-phenylalanine tracer was not different between the two groups (EVEN 0.0049 ± 0.0004 MPE% and SKEWED 0.0054 ± 0.0003 MPE%, p = 0.306). In conclusion, the daily distribution pattern of the dietary protein did not affect muscle protein synthesis or the utilization of dietary protein.
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Mapping of lumbar multifidus stiffness Quantification in ankylosing spondylitis with shear-wave elastography. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:917. [PMID: 36242023 PMCID: PMC9569047 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lower back pain and stiffness are the typical symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this study, muscle mass was assessed by muscle density, mechanical elasticity, and area. We investigated the characteristics of lumbar paraspinal-muscle (PSM) mass using muscle ultrasound shear-wave elastography (SWE), as well as the validity of this method for identifying patients with AS. Methods We recruited a representative cohort of 30 AS patients, and 27 healthy volunteers who were age- and sex-matched to the patient study group, investigated the Young’s modulus (YM), cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness of lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle using SWE. This study did not need to be randomized. Data were collected at the department of ultrasonography of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 18.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). Normal distribution was evaluated by the Shapiro–Wilk test and Q–Q plots. Demographic and baseline data will be analyzed with standard descriptive statistics. Data will be presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Non-normally distributed data are presented as medians with interquartile ranges (IQR). Results Young’s modulus (YM) of SWE in AS patients was significantly higher than that in volunteers. Percentage change in lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness were significantly lower in AS patients than in healthy volunteers on the left side of the body. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between percentage change in CSA and thickness in both volunteers and AS patients. In AS patients, YM was negatively correlated with percentage change of CSA and thickness on the right side, while increased disease duration in AS was associated with increased YM on the left. Conclusion AS patients showed reductions in LM muscle mass and function as the disease progressed, SWE could reflect these changes well. Trial registration. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000031476. Registered 02/04/2020. http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
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Maïmoun L, Serrand C, Mura T, Renard E, Nocca D, Lefebvre P, Boudousq V, Avignon A, Mariano-Goulart D, Sultan A. Definition of an adapted cut-off for determining low lean tissue mass in older women with obesity: a comparison to current cut-offs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16905. [PMID: 36207398 PMCID: PMC9547056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with obesity varies according to the definition used. The purpose of our study was to: (i) determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in terms of lean tissue mass in older women with obesity using the current cut-offs, (ii) redefine a specific cut-off for low lean tissue mass (LLTM), and (iii) re-determine the prevalence of LLTM using this new cut-off. Appendicular lean mass (ALM) and the ALM index [ALM/height2: ALMI(h2)] and ALMI/body mass index [ALMI(BMI)] were determined in 791 women with or without obesity. LLMM prevalence was calculated using the current cut-offs: EWGSOP2: ALM < 15 kg and ALMI(h2) < 5.5 kg/m2; FNIH: ALM < 15.02 kg and ALMI(BMI) < 0.51; and IWGS: ALMI(h2) < 5.67 kg/m2 and cut-offs newly determined from data provided from young women with obesity. ALM, ALMI(h2) and ALMI(BMI) were lower in older compared to young obese women. Using the current cut-offs, a wide distribution of LLTM prevalence (0 to 29.2%) was observed. When the newly determined cut-offs were applied – i.e., ALM < 18.51 kg; ALMI(h2) < 7.15 kg/m2, ALMI(BMI) < 0.483, and T-score: [(ALMI(h2) measured)-(2.08 + 0.183*BMI)]/0.72] − the LLTM mass prevalence was 17.37%; 8.47, 14.8 and 12.71%. respectively. This study showed that the current cut-offs for LLTM as criteria for sarcopenia diagnosis are not adapted to the obese population. Although the new “static” cut-offs appeared to be more adapted, a “dynamic” cut-off for ALMI(h2) that took into account the BMI and thus the obesity severity appeared even more relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Maïmoun
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et Des Muscles (PHYMEDEX), University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Département de Biophysique, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Université de Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France.
| | - Chris Serrand
- Département d'Information Médicale, CHRU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Thibault Mura
- Département d'Information Médicale, CHRU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Eric Renard
- Departement d'Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Nocca
- Département de Chirurgie Digestive, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Lefebvre
- Departement d'Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Antoine Avignon
- Département Endocrinologie, Nutrition, Diabète, Equipe Nutrition, Diabète, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, IDESP, UMR UA11 INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Mariano-Goulart
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et Des Muscles (PHYMEDEX), University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ariane Sultan
- U1046 INSERM, UMR9214 CNRS, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et Des Muscles (PHYMEDEX), University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département de Médecine Nucléaire, CHRU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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Kang SH, Lee KH, Chang Y, Choe YS, Kim JP, Jang H, Shin HY, Kim HJ, Koh SB, Na DL, Seo SW, Kang M. Gender-specific relationship between thigh muscle and fat mass and brain amyloid-β positivity. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:145. [PMID: 36195949 PMCID: PMC9531420 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship of specific body composition in the thighs and brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition remained unclear, although there were growing evidence that higher muscle and fat mass in thighs had a protective effect against cardiometabolic syndromes. To determine whether muscle mass and fat mass in the thighs affected amyloid-beta (Aβ) positivity differently in relation to gender, we investigated the association of muscle mass and fat mass with Aβ positivity using positron emission tomography (PET) in individuals without dementia. METHODS We recruited 240 participants (134 [55.8%] males, 106 [44.2%] females) without dementia ≥45 years of age who underwent Aβ PET, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans of the hip in the health promotion center at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea. Lower extremity skeletal muscle mass index (LASMI) was measured using BIA, and gluteofemoral fat percentage (GFFP) was estimated using DEXA scans of the hip. We investigated the associations of LASMI and GFFP with Aβ positivity using logistic regression analyses after controlling for age, APOE4 genotype, and cognitive stage. RESULTS Higher muscle mass in the thighs, measured as LASMI (odds ratio [OR]=0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08 to 0.84, p=0.031) was associated with a lesser risk of Aβ positivity in only females. Higher fat mass in the thighs, measured as GFFP (OR=0.84, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.95, p=0.008) was associated with a lesser risk of Aβ positivity in only males. However, the association between LAMSI (p for interaction= 0.810), GFFP (p for interaction= 0.075) and Aβ positivity did not significantly differ by gender. Furthermore, LAMSI only negatively correlated with centiloid (CL) values in females (r=-0.205, p=0.037), and GFFP only negatively correlated with CL values only in males (r=-0.253, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of recognizing that gender differences exist with respect to the specific body composition to potentially protect against Aβ deposition. Therefore, our results may help in designing gender-specific strategies for controlling body composition to prevent Aβ deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kang
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Lee
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XCenter for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong Sim Choe
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Shin
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XCenter for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.414964.a0000 0001 0640 5613Alzheimer’s Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mira Kang
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDepartment of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XCenter for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea ,grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDigital Innovation Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sex Difference in Cutoff and Prevalence of Sarcopenia among 300,090 Urban Korean Population: Association with Metabolic Syndrome. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58101361. [PMID: 36295523 PMCID: PMC9611231 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The study aimed to establish the threshold values and prevalence of sarcopenia and to investigate the association of sarcopenia with metabolic syndrome in an urban Korean population. Materials and Methods: The study included 300,090 adults who underwent anthropometric analyses by bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Sarcopenia was defined as: (1) class I, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) within −1 to −2 standard deviations (SDs); (2) or class II, <−2 SD of SMI in a young population. Results: Low SMI threshold levels for class I and class II sarcopenia were 39.8 and 36.7% in men, and 35.5 and 32.3% in women. Among all age groups, the prevalence rates of sarcopenia were highest in the age group 80−89 years. Following adjustment for possible confounders including age, sex, height, metabolic and health behavioral factors, adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the risk of metabolic syndrome were 2.43 (2.33−2.54) for class I and 2.69 (2.49−2.91) for class II sarcopenia, compared with the normal reference. Sarcopenia was more strongly associated with metabolic syndrome in women than men (p for interaction < 0.01). The threshold values and prevalence of sarcopenia were demonstrated in a large Korean urban population. Conclusions: This study identified that sarcopenia was associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome, showing itself to be significantly higher in women than men.
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Bolte FJ, McTavish S, Wakefield N, Shantzer L, Hubbard C, Krishnaraj A, Novicoff W, Gentzler RD, Hall RD. Association of sarcopenia with survival in advanced NSCLC patients receiving concurrent immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:986236. [PMID: 36212442 PMCID: PMC9539742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.986236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frailty, sarcopenia and malnutrition are powerful predictors of clinical outcomes that are not routinely measured in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association of sarcopenia, determined by the psoas muscle index (PMI) with overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and chemotherapy (CTX). Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from a cohort of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who were treated between 2015 and 2021 at the University of Virginia Medical Center. The cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle was assessed on CT or PET/CT imaging prior to treatment initiation. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results A total of 92 patients (median age: 64 years, range 36-89 years), 48 (52.2%) men and 44 (47.8%) women, were included in the study. The median follow-up was 29.6 months. The median OS was 17.8 months. Sarcopenia, defined by a PMI below the 25th percentile, was associated with significantly lower OS (9.1 months in sarcopenic patients vs. 22.3 months in non-sarcopenic patients, P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that sarcopenia (HR 2.12, P = 0.0209), ECOG ≥ 2 (HR 2.88, P = 0.0027), prognostic nutritional index (HR 3.02, P = 0.0034) and the absence of immune related adverse events (HR 2.04, P = 0.0185) were independently associated with inferior OS. Conclusions Sarcopenia is independently associated with poor OS in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing concurrent ICI and CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian J. Bolte
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sloane McTavish
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Nathan Wakefield
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Lindsey Shantzer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Caroline Hubbard
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Arun Krishnaraj
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Wendy Novicoff
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Orthopedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Ryan D. Gentzler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Richard D. Hall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Richard D. Hall,
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