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Guo R, Ma X, Zhu C, Liu C, Shou L, Zhang J, Li H, Li Z, Dai X, Priyadarshani WNC, Jayathilake RMRM, Lwin SM, Thu CA, Li G, Wang P, Zhou F. Diversity patterns and ecological assembly mechanisms of bacterial communities in the northeastern Indian Ocean epipelagic waters during the northeast monsoon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175755. [PMID: 39182780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Disentangling microbial community diversity patterns and assembly mechanisms is critical for understanding ecological processes and evaluating biogeochemical cycling in ecosystems. However, the diversity patterns and assembly mechanism of the microbial communities in the epipelagic waters in the northeastern Indian Ocean (NEIO) on the spatial scale are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the spatial dynamics, geographic distribution pattern, and assembly process of the bacterial community using 532 samples collected from the epipelagic waters in the NEIO during the northeast monsoon. The results indicate that the bacterial richness and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity exhibited the strongest correlations with depth compared to the latitudinal and longitudinal scales. The dissolved oxygen was identified as the most important environmental factor affecting the bacterial richness and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity compared to temperature and salinity. The distance-decay relationship (DDR) of the bacterial community strengthened with increasing water depth. Turnover was the predominant β-diversity component influencing the spatial changes in the whole bacterial community. The dispersal limitation of the stochastic process and homogeneous selection of the deterministic process governed the bacterial ecological assembly process of the whole bacterial community. Abundant and rare subcommunities differed in terms of the niche breath, composition changes. The abundant subcommunities exhibited a much wider niche breath than the rare subcommunities. Regarding the abundant subcommunity species changes, the contributions of the turnover and nestedness varied with the water depth and oceanic region. In contrast, turnover was the major β-diversity component regarding the changes in the rare species. These data improve our understanding of the ecological processes of bacterial community assemblages in the NEIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Observation and Research Station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems, Ministry of Natural Resources, 99 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316053, PR China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Observation and Research Station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems, Ministry of Natural Resources, 99 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316053, PR China
| | - Chenjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Chenggang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Lu Shou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Zhongqiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Xinfeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - W N C Priyadarshani
- National institute of Oceanography and Marine Sciences, National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Sri Lanka
| | - R M R M Jayathilake
- National institute of Oceanography and Marine Sciences, National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Chit Aung Thu
- Research and Development Section, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Myanmar
| | - Guanlin Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Pengbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Observation and Research Station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems, Ministry of Natural Resources, 99 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316053, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; Observation and Research Station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems, Ministry of Natural Resources, 99 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316053, PR China.
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Bialic-Murphy L, McElderry RM, Esquivel-Muelbert A, van den Hoogen J, Zuidema PA, Phillips OL, de Oliveira EA, Loayza PA, Alvarez-Davila E, Alves LF, Maia VA, Vieira SA, Arantes da Silva LC, Araujo-Murakami A, Arets E, Astigarraga J, Baccaro F, Baker T, Banki O, Barroso J, Blanc L, Bonal D, Bongers F, Bordin KM, Brienen R, de Medeiros MB, Camargo JL, Araújo FC, Castilho CV, Castro W, Moscoso VC, Comiskey J, Costa F, Müller SC, de Almeida EC, Lôla da Costa AC, de Andrade Kamimura V, de Oliveira F, Del Aguila Pasquel J, Derroire G, Dexter K, Di Fiore A, Duchesne L, Emílio T, Farrapo CL, Fauset S, Draper FC, Feldpausch TR, Ramos RF, Martins VF, Simon MF, Reis MG, Manzatto AG, Herault B, Herrera R, Coronado EH, Howe R, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I, Huasco WH, Zanini KJ, Joly C, Killeen T, Klipel J, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, Fontes MAL, Oviedo WL, Magnusson WE, Dos Santos RM, Peña JLM, de Abreu KMP, Marimon B, Junior BHM, Melgaço K, Melo Cruz OA, Mendoza C, Monteagudo-Mendoza A, Morandi PS, Gianasi FM, Nascimento H, Nascimento M, Neill D, Palacios W, Camacho NCP, Pardo G, Pennington RT, Peñuela-Mora MC, Pitman NCA, Poorter L, Cruz AP, Ramírez-Angulo H, Reis SM, Correa ZR, Rodriguez CR, Lleras AR, Santos FAM, Bergamin RS, Schietti J, Schwartz G, Serrano J, Silva-Sene AM, Silveira M, Stropp J, Ter Steege H, Terborgh J, Tobler MW, Gamarra LV, van de Meer PJ, van der Heijden G, Vasquez R, Vilanova E, Vos VA, Wolf A, Woodall CW, Wortel V, Zwerts JA, Pugh TAM, Crowther TW. The pace of life for forest trees. Science 2024; 386:92-98. [PMID: 39361744 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk9616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Tree growth and longevity trade-offs fundamentally shape the terrestrial carbon balance. Yet, we lack a unified understanding of how such trade-offs vary across the world's forests. By mapping life history traits for a wide range of species across the Americas, we reveal considerable variation in life expectancies from 10 centimeters in diameter (ranging from 1.3 to 3195 years) and show that the pace of life for trees can be accurately classified into four demographic functional types. We found emergent patterns in the strength of trade-offs between growth and longevity across a temperature gradient. Furthermore, we show that the diversity of life history traits varies predictably across forest biomes, giving rise to a positive relationship between trait diversity and productivity. Our pan-latitudinal assessment provides new insights into the demographic mechanisms that govern the carbon turnover rate across forest biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalasia Bialic-Murphy
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert M McElderry
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Forest Health and Biotic Interactions, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Johan van den Hoogen
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pieter A Zuidema
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Edmar Almeida de Oliveira
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat) - Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil
| | | | - Esteban Alvarez-Davila
- Escuela de Ciencias Agrícola, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia de Colombia, Colombia
| | - Luciana F Alves
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California' Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Eric Arets
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Julen Astigarraga
- Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Life Sciences, Forest Ecology and Restoration Group (FORECO), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | | | - Olaf Banki
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jorcely Barroso
- Laboratório de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Lilian Blanc
- Forêts et Sociétés, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Damien Bonal
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Frans Bongers
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kauane Maiara Bordin
- Plant Ecology Lab, Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roel Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - José Luís Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Project - National Institute for Amazonian Research (BDFFP-INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wendeson Castro
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | | | - James Comiskey
- Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | - Flávia Costa
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Sandra Cristina Müller
- Plant Ecology Lab, Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Everton Cristo de Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Florestas (IBEF), Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | | | - Kyle Dexter
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Anthony Di Fiore
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Primate Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory and Department of Anthropology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Louis Duchesne
- Tiputini Biodiversity Station, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Cumbay, Ecuador
| | - Thaise Emílio
- Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado (PNPD), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Sophie Fauset
- Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado (PNPD), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Federick C Draper
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Ted R Feldpausch
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rafael Flora Ramos
- Geography, Faculty of Science, Environment and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Valeria Forni Martins
- Plant Ecology Lab, Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Education, Centre for Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Araras, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Herault
- Forêts et Sociétés, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Rafael Herrera
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Miranda, Venezuela
| | | | - Robert Howe
- Cofrin Center for Biodiversity, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA
| | - Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco
- Herbario "Alwyn Gentry" (HAG), Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD), Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Perú
| | - Walter Huaraca Huasco
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katia Janaina Zanini
- Plant Ecology Lab, Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos Joly
- Plant Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Joice Klipel
- Plant Ecology Lab, Ecology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Susan G Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - William F Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose Luis Marcelo Peña
- Universidad Nacional de Jaén, Laboratory of Vascular Plants and ISV Herbarium, San Ignacio, Peru
| | | | - Beatriz Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat) - Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon Junior
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat) - Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza
- Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Jardin Botanico de Missouri, Cusco, Peru
| | - Paulo S Morandi
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat) - Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Nascimento
- Biodiversity Department, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nascimento
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - David Neill
- Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Guido Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia
| | - R Toby Pennington
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, UK
- Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Nigel C A Pitman
- Collections, Conservation & Research, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Hirma Ramírez-Angulo
- Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, INDEFOR, Merida, Venezuela
| | - Simone Matias Reis
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat) - Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil
- Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Agustín Rudas Lleras
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Flavio A M Santos
- Plant Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Silveira
- Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Acre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stropp
- Biogeography Department, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Quantitative Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John Terborgh
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida-Gainesville, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincent Antoine Vos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales de la Amazonía, Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia
| | - Amy Wolf
- University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA
| | - Christopher W Woodall
- US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research and Development, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Verginia Wortel
- Department of Forest Management, Centre for Agricultural Research in Suriname, CELOS, Suriname
| | | | - Thomas A M Pugh
- Birmingham Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Amarasekare P. Pattern and Process in a Rapidly Changing World: Ideas and Approaches. Am Nat 2024; 204:361-369. [PMID: 39326058 DOI: 10.1086/731993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
AbstractScience is as dynamic as the world around us. Our ideas continually change, as do the approaches we use to study science. Few things remain invariant in this changing landscape, but a fascination with pattern and process is one that has endured throughout the history of science. Paying homage to this long-held tradition, the 2023 Vice Presidential Symposium of the American Society of Naturalists focused on the role of pattern and process in ecology and evolution. It brought together a group of early-career researchers working on topics ranging from genetic diversity in microbes to changing patterns of species interactions in the geological record. Their work spanned the taxonomic spectrum from microbes to mammals, the temporal dimension from the Cenozoic to the present, and approaches ranging from manipulative experiments to comparative approaches. In this introductory article, I discuss how these diverse topics are linked by the common thread of elucidating processes underlying patterns and how they collectively generate novel insights into diversity maintenance at different levels of organization.
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Souza FHS, Perez MF, Ferreira PHN, Bertollo LAC, Ezaz T, Charlesworth D, Cioffi MB. Multiple karyotype differences between populations of the Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei; Characiformes), a species complex in the gray area of the speciation process. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 133:216-226. [PMID: 39039117 PMCID: PMC11437160 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neotropical fishes exhibit remarkable karyotype diversity, whose evolution is poorly understood. Here, we studied genetic differences in 60 individuals, from 11 localities of one species, the wolf fish Hoplias malabaricus, from populations that include six different "karyomorphs". These differ in Y-X chromosome differentiation, and, in several cases, by fusions with autosomes that have resulted in multiple sex chromosomes. Other differences are also observed in diploid chromosome numbers and morphologies. In an attempt to start understanding how this diversity was generated, we analyzed within- and between-population differences in a genome-wide sequence data set. We detect clear genotype differences between karyomorphs. Even in sympatry, samples with different karyomorphs differ more in sequence than samples from allopatric populations of the same karyomorph, suggesting that they represent populations that are to some degree reproductively isolated. However, sequence divergence between populations with different karyomorphs is remarkably low, suggesting that chromosome rearrangements may have evolved during a brief evolutionary time. We suggest that the karyotypic differences probably evolved in allopatry, in small populations that would have allowed rapid fixation of rearrangements, and that they became sympatric after their differentiation. Further studies are needed to test whether the karyotype differences contribute to reproductive isolation detected between some H. malabaricus karyomorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando H S Souza
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Manolo F Perez
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro H N Ferreira
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz A C Bertollo
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tariq Ezaz
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah Charlesworth
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marcelo B Cioffi
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Bracewell SA, Johnston EL, Clark GF. Variation in Successional Dynamics Shape Biodiversity Patterns over a Tropical-Temperate Latitudinal Gradient. Am Nat 2024; 204:327-344. [PMID: 39326054 DOI: 10.1086/731905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
AbstractSuccessional dynamics can vary because of a range of ecological and environmental factors, but our understanding of biogeographic variation in succession, and the processes contributing to community development across ecosystems, is limited. The pattern and rate of recruitment of dispersive propagules likely differs over large spatial scales and can be an important predictor of successional trajectory. Over a 20° tropical-temperate latitudinal gradient, we measured sessile invertebrates over 12 months of community development and successive 3-month recruitment windows to understand succession and how it is influenced by recruitment. Succession and recruitment patterns varied over latitude. In the tropics, fast temporal turnover, fluctuating abundances, and lack of successional progression suggest that the contribution of stochastic processes was high. As latitude increased, successional progression became more apparent, characterized by increasing species richness and community cover and a shift to more competitive taxa over time. At temperate locations, species identities were similar between older communities and recruiting assemblages; however, community composition became more variable across space over time. Such divergence suggests an important role of early colonizers and species interactions on community structure. These findings demonstrate differences in the processes contributing to community development and biodiversity patterns over latitude. Understanding such biogeographic variation in community dynamics and identifying the prevalence of different processes can provide insights into how communities assemble and persist in response to environmental variability.
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Grady JM, Amme JL, Bhaskaran-Nair K, Sinha V, Brunwasser SJ, Record S, Dell AI, Hengen KB. Temperature-dependent predation predicts a more reptilian future. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.19.613816. [PMID: 39345462 PMCID: PMC11430022 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.19.613816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Diversity increases toward the tropics, but the strength of this pattern diverges with thermo-regulatory strategy. Synthesizing over 30,000 species distributions, we quantified patterns of richness in terrestrial vertebrates, and present evidence for a latitudinal gradient of community composition. We observe a two orders of magnitude shift in comparative diversity with temperature, from endothermic mammal and avian dominance near the poles, toward ectothermic reptile and amphibian majority in the tropics. Next, we provide mechanistic support for a corresponding latitudinal gradient of predatory interactions. Using automated video tracking in > 4500 trials, we show that differences in thermal sensitivity of locomotion in endothermic predators and ectothermic prey favors endotherms in colder environments and yields theoretically predicted foraging outcomes across thermal conditions, including the number of strikes, the distance traveled, and the time to capture prey. We also present evidence that endotherms use thermal cues to anticipate prey behavior, modulating the impact of temperature. Finally, we integrate theory and data to forecast future patterns of diversity, revealing that as the world get warmer, it will become increasingly reptilian. Overall, our results point toward a broad reorganization of vertebrate diversity with latitude, elevation, and temperature: from endotherm dominance in cold systems toward ectotherm dominance in warm.
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Ballarin CS, Fontúrbel FE, Rech AR, Oliveira PE, Goés GA, Polizello DS, Oliveira PH, Hachuy-Filho L, Amorim FW. How many animal-pollinated angiosperms are nectar-producing? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:2008-2020. [PMID: 38952269 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The diversity of plant-pollinator interactions is grounded in floral resources, with nectar considered one of the main floral rewards plants produce for pollinators. However, a global evaluation of the number of animal-pollinated nectar-producing angiosperms and their distribution world-wide remains elusive. We compiled a thorough database encompassing 7621 plant species from 322 families to estimate the number and proportion of nectar-producing angiosperms reliant on animal pollination. Through extensive sampling of plant communities, we also explored the interplay between nectar production, floral resource diversity, latitudinal and elevational gradients, contemporary climate, and environmental characteristics. Roughly 223 308 animal-pollinated angiosperms are nectar-producing, accounting for 74.4% of biotic-pollinated species. Global distribution patterns of nectar-producing plants reveal a distinct trend along latitudinal and altitudinal gradients, with increased proportions of plants producing nectar in high latitudes and altitudes. Conversely, tropical communities in warm and moist climates exhibit greater floral resource diversity and a lower proportion of nectar-producing plants. These findings suggest that ecological trends driven by climate have fostered the diversification of floral resources in warmer and less seasonal climates, reducing the proportion of solely nectar-producing plants. Our study provides a baseline for understanding plant-pollinator relationships, plant diversification, and the distribution of plant traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio S Ballarin
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Francisco E Fontúrbel
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad 330, Valparaíso, CEP 2373223, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Patagonian Limit of Life (LiLi), Valdivia, CEP 5090000, Chile
| | - André R Rech
- Programas de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Estudos Rurais e Ciências Florestais, Faculdade Interdisciplinar em Humanidades, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, CEP 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405302, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Alcarás Goés
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Laboratório de Restauração Florestal - LERF, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, CEP 18610-034, Brazil
| | - Diego S Polizello
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Pablo H Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Leandro Hachuy-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Felipe W Amorim
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações - LEPI, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (IBB - UNESP), Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, IBB - UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-689, Brazil
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8
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Daru BH. Predicting undetected native vascular plant diversity at a global scale. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319989121. [PMID: 39133854 PMCID: PMC11348117 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319989121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular plants are diverse and a major component of terrestrial ecosystems, yet their geographic distributions remain incomplete. Here, I present a global database of vascular plant distributions by integrating species distribution models calibrated to species' dispersal ability and natural habitats to predict native range maps for 201,681 vascular plant species into unsurveyed areas. Using these maps, I uncover unique patterns of native vascular plant diversity, endemism, and phylogenetic diversity revealing hotspots in underdocumented biodiversity-rich regions. These hotspots, based on detailed species-level maps, show a pronounced latitudinal gradient, strongly supporting the theory of increasing diversity toward the equator. I trained random forest models to extrapolate diversity patterns under unbiased global sampling and identify overlaps with modeled estimations but unveiled cryptic hotspots that were not captured by modeled estimations. Only 29% to 36% of extrapolated plant hotspots are inside protected areas, leaving more than 60% outside and vulnerable. However, the unprotected hotspots harbor species with unique attributes that make them good candidates for conservation prioritization.
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9
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Bowyer FT, Wood RA, Yilales M. Sea level controls on Ediacaran-Cambrian animal radiations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado6462. [PMID: 39083611 PMCID: PMC11290527 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado6462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The drivers of Ediacaran-Cambrian metazoan radiations remain unclear, as does the fidelity of the record. We use a global age framework [580-510 million years (Ma) ago] to estimate changes in marine sedimentary rock volume and area, reconstructed biodiversity (mean genus richness), and sampling intensity, integrated with carbonate carbon isotopes (δ13Ccarb) and global redox data [carbonate Uranium isotopes (δ238Ucarb)]. Sampling intensity correlates with overall mean reconstructed biodiversity >535 Ma ago, while second-order (~10-80 Ma) global transgressive-regressive cycles controlled the distribution of different marine sedimentary rocks. The temporal distribution of the Avalon assemblage is partly controlled by the temporally and spatially limited record of deep-marine siliciclastic rocks. Each successive rise of metazoan morphogroups that define the Avalon, White Sea, and Cambrian assemblages appears to coincide with global shallow marine oxygenation events at δ13Ccarb maxima, which precede major sea level transgressions. While the record of biodiversity is biased, early metazoan radiations and oxygenation events are linked to major sea level cycles.
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10
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Morard R, Darling KF, Weiner AKM, Hassenrück C, Vanni C, Cordier T, Henry N, Greco M, Vollmar NM, Milivojevic T, Rahman SN, Siccha M, Meilland J, Jonkers L, Quillévéré F, Escarguel G, Douady CJ, de Garidel-Thoron T, de Vargas C, Kucera M. The global genetic diversity of planktonic foraminifera reveals the structure of cryptic speciation in plankton. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1218-1241. [PMID: 38351434 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The nature and extent of diversity in the plankton has fascinated scientists for over a century. Initially, the discovery of many new species in the remarkably uniform and unstructured pelagic environment appeared to challenge the concept of ecological niches. Later, it became obvious that only a fraction of plankton diversity had been formally described, because plankton assemblages are dominated by understudied eukaryotic lineages with small size that lack clearly distinguishable morphological features. The high diversity of the plankton has been confirmed by comprehensive metabarcoding surveys, but interpretation of the underlying molecular taxonomies is hindered by insufficient integration of genetic diversity with morphological taxonomy and ecological observations. Here we use planktonic foraminifera as a study model and reveal the full extent of their genetic diversity and investigate geographical and ecological patterns in their distribution. To this end, we assembled a global data set of ~7600 ribosomal DNA sequences obtained from morphologically characterised individual foraminifera, established a robust molecular taxonomic framework for the observed diversity, and used it to query a global metabarcoding data set covering ~1700 samples with ~2.48 billion reads. This allowed us to extract and assign 1 million reads, enabling characterisation of the structure of the genetic diversity of the group across ~1100 oceanic stations worldwide. Our sampling revealed the existence of, at most, 94 distinct molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) at a level of divergence indicative of biological species. The genetic diversity only doubles the number of formally described species identified by morphological features. Furthermore, we observed that the allocation of genetic diversity to morphospecies is uneven. Only 16 morphospecies disguise evolutionarily significant genetic diversity, and the proportion of morphospecies that show genetic diversity increases poleward. Finally, we observe that MOTUs have a narrower geographic distribution than morphospecies and that in some cases the MOTUs belonging to the same morphospecies (cryptic species) have different environmental preferences. Overall, our analysis reveals that even in the light of global genetic sampling, planktonic foraminifera diversity is modest and finite. However, the extent and structure of the cryptic diversity reveals that genetic diversification is decoupled from morphological diversification, hinting at different mechanisms acting at different levels of divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Morard
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Kate F Darling
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JW, UK
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Agnes K M Weiner
- NORCE Climate and Environment, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Jahnebakken 5, Bergen, 5007, Norway
| | - Christiane Hassenrück
- Biological Oceanography, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Seestrasse 15, Warnemünde, 18119, Germany
| | - Chiara Vanni
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Tristan Cordier
- NORCE Climate and Environment, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Jahnebakken 5, Bergen, 5007, Norway
| | - Nicolas Henry
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, 29680, France
- Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, 75016, France
| | - Mattia Greco
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, 37-49, Spain
| | - Nele M Vollmar
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
- NORCE Climate and Environment, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Jahnebakken 5, Bergen, 5007, Norway
| | - Tamara Milivojevic
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Shirin Nurshan Rahman
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Michael Siccha
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Julie Meilland
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Lukas Jonkers
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Frédéric Quillévéré
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR CNRS 5276 LGL-TPE, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Gilles Escarguel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Christophe J Douady
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Colomban de Vargas
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, 29680, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, AD2M, UMR7144, Place Georges Teissier, Roscoff, 29680, France
| | - Michal Kucera
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, 28359, Germany
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11
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Sun L, He Y, Cao M, Wang X, Zhou X, Yang J, Swenson NG. Tree phytochemical diversity and herbivory are higher in the tropics. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:1426-1436. [PMID: 38937611 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
A long-standing but poorly tested hypothesis in plant ecology and evolution is that biotic interactions play a more important role in producing and maintaining species diversity in the tropics than in the temperate zone. A core prediction of this hypothesis is that tropical plants deploy a higher diversity of phytochemicals within and across communities because they experience more herbivore pressure than temperate plants. However, simultaneous comparisons of phytochemical diversity and herbivore pressure in plant communities from the tropical to the temperate zone are lacking. Here we provide clear support for this prediction by examining phytochemical diversity and herbivory in 60 tree communities ranging from species-rich tropical rainforests to species-poor subalpine forests. Using a community metabolomics approach, we show that phytochemical diversity is higher within and among tropical tree communities than within and among subtropical and subalpine communities, and that herbivore pressure and specialization are highest in the tropics. Furthermore, we show that the phytochemical similarity of trees has little phylogenetic signal, indicating rapid divergence between closely related species. In sum, we provide several lines of evidence from entire tree communities showing that biotic interactions probably play an increasingly important role in generating and maintaining tree diversity in the lower latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
| | - Yunyun He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
| | - Xuezhao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Key Lab of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education of China, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China.
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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12
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Willink B, Ware JL, Svensson EI. Tropical Origin, Global Diversification, and Dispersal in the Pond Damselflies (Coenagrionoidea) Revealed by a New Molecular Phylogeny. Syst Biol 2024; 73:290-307. [PMID: 38262741 PMCID: PMC11282367 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The processes responsible for the formation of Earth's most conspicuous diversity pattern, the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), remain unexplored for many clades in the Tree of Life. Here, we present a densely sampled and dated molecular phylogeny for the most speciose clade of damselflies worldwide (Odonata: Coenagrionoidea) and investigate the role of time, macroevolutionary processes, and biome-shift dynamics in shaping the LDG in this ancient insect superfamily. We used process-based biogeographic models to jointly infer ancestral ranges and speciation times and to characterize within-biome dispersal and biome-shift dynamics across the cosmopolitan distribution of Coenagrionoidea. We also investigated temporal and biome-dependent variation in diversification rates. Our results uncover a tropical origin of pond damselflies and featherlegs ~105 Ma, while highlighting the uncertainty of ancestral ranges within the tropics in deep time. Even though diversification rates have declined since the origin of this clade, global climate change and biome-shifts have slowly increased diversity in warm- and cold-temperate areas, where lineage turnover rates have been relatively higher. This study underscores the importance of biogeographic origin and time to diversify as important drivers of the LDG in pond damselflies and their relatives, while diversification dynamics have instead resulted in the formation of ephemeral species in temperate regions. Biome-shifts, although limited by tropical niche conservatism, have been the main factor reducing the steepness of the LDG in the last 30 Myr. With ongoing climate change and increasing northward range expansions of many damselfly taxa, the LDG may become less pronounced. Our results support recent calls to unify biogeographic and macroevolutionary approaches to improve our understanding of how latitudinal diversity gradients are formed and why they vary across time and among taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Willink
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18b, Stockholm 106-91, Sweden
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Jessica L Ware
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, 200 Central Park West, New York, NY, 10024, USA
| | - Erik I Svensson
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Unit, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, Lund 223-62, Sweden
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13
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Xu J, Wang Y, Liu L, Wang X, Xiao S, Chen J, Jiao N, Zheng Q. Biogeography and dynamics of prokaryotic and microeukaryotic community assembly across 2600 km in the coastal and shelf ecosystems of the China Seas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174883. [PMID: 39034013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Marine prokaryotes and microeukaryotes are essential components of microbial food webs, and drive the biogeochemical cycling. However, the underlying ecological mechanisms driving prokaryotic and microeukaryotic community assembly in large-scale coastal ecosystems remain unclear. In this study, we studied biogeographic patterns of prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities in the coastal and shelf ecosystem of the China Seas. Results showed that prokaryotic richness was the highest in the Yangtze River Plume, whereas microeukaryotic richness decreased from south to north. Prokaryotic-microeukaryotic co-occurrence networks display greater complexity in the Yangtze River Plume compared to other regions, potentially indicating higher environmental heterogeneity. Furthermore, the cross-domain networks revealed that prokaryotes were more interconnected with each other than with microeukaryotes or between microeukaryotes, and all hub nodes were bacterial taxa, suggesting that prokaryotes may be more important for sustaining the stability and multifunctionality of coastal ecosystem than microeukaryotes. Variation Partitioning Analysis revealed that approximately equal proportions of environmental, biotic and spatial factors contribute to variations in microbial community composition. Temperature was the primary environmental driver of both prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities across the China Seas. Additionally, stochastic processes (dispersal limitation) and deterministic processes (homogeneous selection) were two major ecological factors in shaping microeukaryotic and prokaryotic assemblages, respectively, suggesting their different environmental plasticity and evolutionary mechanisms. Overall, these results demonstrate both prokaryotic and microeukaryotic communities displayed a latitude-driven distribution pattern and different assembly mechanisms, improving our understanding of microbial biogeography patterns under global change and anthropogenic activity driven habitat diversification in the coastal and shelf ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Shicong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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14
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Sandal L, Sæther BE, Freckleton RP, Noble DG, Schwarz J, Leivits A, Grøtan V. Species richness and evenness of European bird communities show differentiated responses to measures of productivity. J Anim Ecol 2024. [PMID: 38979934 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Understanding patterns of species diversity is crucial for ecological research and conservation, and this understanding may be improved by studying patterns in the two components of species diversity, species richness and evenness of abundance of species. Variation in species richness and evenness has previously been linked to variation in total abundance of communities as well as productivity gradients. Exploring both components of species diversity is essential because these components could be unrelated or driven by different mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between species richness and evenness in European bird communities along an extensive latitudinal gradient. We examined their relationships with latitude and Net Primary Productivity, which determines energy and matter availability for heterotrophs, as well as their responses to territory densities (i.e. the number of territories per area) and community biomass (i.e. the bird biomass per area). We applied a multivariate Poisson log-normal distribution to unique long-term, high-quality time-series data, allowing us to estimate species richness of the community as well as the variance of this distribution, which acts as an inverse measure of evenness. Evenness in the distribution of abundance of species in the community was independent of species richness. Species richness increased with increasing community biomass, as well as with increasing density. Since both measures of abundance were explained by NPP, species richness was partially explained by energy-diversity theory (i.e. the more energy, the more species sustained by the ecosystem). However, species richness did not increase linearly with NPP but rather showed a unimodal relationship. Evenness was not explained either by productivity nor by any of the aspects of community abundance. This study highlights the importance of considering both richness and evenness to gain a better understanding of variation in species diversity. We encourage the study of both components of species diversity in future studies, as well as use of simulation studies to verify observed patterns between richness and evenness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sandal
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bernt-Erik Sæther
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Robert P Freckleton
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David G Noble
- British Trust for Ornithology, Thetford, Norfolk, UK
| | | | - Agu Leivits
- Department of Nature Conservation, Environmental Board, Pärnu, Estonia
| | - Vidar Grøtan
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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15
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Abrego N, Furneaux B, Hardwick B, Somervuo P, Palorinne I, Aguilar-Trigueros CA, Andrew NR, Babiy UV, Bao T, Bazzano G, Bondarchuk SN, Bonebrake TC, Brennan GL, Bret-Harte S, Bässler C, Cagnolo L, Cameron EK, Chapurlat E, Creer S, D'Acqui LP, de Vere N, Desprez-Loustau ML, Dongmo MAK, Jacobsen IBD, Fisher BL, Flores de Jesus M, Gilbert GS, Griffith GW, Gritsuk AA, Gross A, Grudd H, Halme P, Hanna R, Hansen J, Hansen LH, Hegbe ADMT, Hill S, Hogg ID, Hultman J, Hyde KD, Hynson NA, Ivanova N, Karisto P, Kerdraon D, Knorre A, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Kurhinen J, Kuzmina M, Lecomte N, Lecomte E, Loaiza V, Lundin E, Meire A, Mešić A, Miettinen O, Monkhouse N, Mortimer P, Müller J, Nilsson RH, Nonti PYC, Nordén J, Nordén B, Norros V, Paz C, Pellikka P, Pereira D, Petch G, Pitkänen JM, Popa F, Potter C, Purhonen J, Pätsi S, Rafiq A, Raharinjanahary D, Rakos N, Rathnayaka AR, Raundrup K, Rebriev YA, Rikkinen J, Rogers HMK, Rogovsky A, Rozhkov Y, Runnel K, Saarto A, Savchenko A, Schlegel M, Schmidt NM, Seibold S, Skjøth C, Stengel E, Sutyrina SV, Syvänperä I, Tedersoo L, Timm J, Tipton L, Toju H, Uscka-Perzanowska M, van der Bank M, van der Bank FH, Vandenbrink B, Ventura S, Vignisson SR, Wang X, Weisser WW, Wijesinghe SN, Wright SJ, Yang C, Yorou NS, Young A, Yu DW, Zakharov EV, Hebert PDN, Roslin T, Ovaskainen O. Airborne DNA reveals predictable spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi. Nature 2024; 631:835-842. [PMID: 38987593 PMCID: PMC11269176 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Fungi are among the most diverse and ecologically important kingdoms in life. However, the distributional ranges of fungi remain largely unknown as do the ecological mechanisms that shape their distributions1,2. To provide an integrated view of the spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi, we implemented a globally distributed standardized aerial sampling of fungal spores3. The vast majority of operational taxonomic units were detected within only one climatic zone, and the spatiotemporal patterns of species richness and community composition were mostly explained by annual mean air temperature. Tropical regions hosted the highest fungal diversity except for lichenized, ericoid mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi, which reached their peak diversity in temperate regions. The sensitivity in climatic responses was associated with phylogenetic relatedness, suggesting that large-scale distributions of some fungal groups are partially constrained by their ancestral niche. There was a strong phylogenetic signal in seasonal sensitivity, suggesting that some groups of fungi have retained their ancestral trait of sporulating for only a short period. Overall, our results show that the hyperdiverse kingdom of fungi follows globally highly predictable spatial and temporal dynamics, with seasonality in both species richness and community composition increasing with latitude. Our study reports patterns resembling those described for other major groups of organisms, thus making a major contribution to the long-standing debate on whether organisms with a microbial lifestyle follow the global biodiversity paradigms known for macroorganisms4,5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Abrego
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Brendan Furneaux
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Bess Hardwick
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu Somervuo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Isabella Palorinne
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Nigel R Andrew
- Natural History Museum, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Northern Rivers, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Tan Bao
- Department of Biological Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gisela Bazzano
- Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Svetlana N Bondarchuk
- Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov, Terney, Russia
| | - Timothy C Bonebrake
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Georgina L Brennan
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Claus Bässler
- Department of Conservation Biology, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Luciano Cagnolo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Elodie Chapurlat
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simon Creer
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution at Bangor (MEEB), School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales
| | - Luigi P D'Acqui
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems - IRET, National Research Council - CNR and National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natasha de Vere
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michel A K Dongmo
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Brian L Fisher
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Gregory S Gilbert
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Gareth W Griffith
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Anna A Gritsuk
- Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov, Terney, Russia
| | - Andrin Gross
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Research Unit, SwissFungi Data Center, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Håkan Grudd
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Panu Halme
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rachid Hanna
- Center for Tropical Research, Congo Basin Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jannik Hansen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Apollon D M T Hegbe
- Research Unit in Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - Sarah Hill
- Natural History Museum, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian D Hogg
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Jenni Hultman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kevin D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Nicole A Hynson
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Natalia Ivanova
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Nature Metrics North America Ltd., Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petteri Karisto
- Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant Health, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Deirdre Kerdraon
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anastasia Knorre
- Science Department, National Park Krasnoyarsk Stolby, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Juri Kurhinen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Masha Kuzmina
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Lecomte
- Centre d'Études Nordiques and Canada Research Chair in Polar and Boreal Ecology, Department of Biology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Erin Lecomte
- Centre d'Études Nordiques and Canada Research Chair in Polar and Boreal Ecology, Department of Biology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Viviana Loaiza
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erik Lundin
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Alexander Meire
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Armin Mešić
- Laboratory for Biological Diversity, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Otto Miettinen
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Norman Monkhouse
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Mortimer
- Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jörg Müller
- Bavarian Forest National Park, Grafenau, Germany
- Department of Conservation Biology and Forest Ecology, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany
| | - R Henrik Nilsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Puani Yannick C Nonti
- Research Unit in Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - Jenni Nordén
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Nordén
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Veera Norros
- Nature Solutions, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudia Paz
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Laboratory of Pathology and Microbial Control, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Petri Pellikka
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- State Key Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Wangari Maathai Institute for Environmental and Peace Studies, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Kenya
| | - Danilo Pereira
- Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geoff Petch
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | | | - Flavius Popa
- Department of Ecosystem Monitoring, Research & Conservation, Black Forest National Park, Bad Peterstal-Griesbach, Germany
| | - Caitlin Potter
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Jenna Purhonen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Resource Wisdom, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sanna Pätsi
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Abdullah Rafiq
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution at Bangor (MEEB), School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales
| | - Dimby Raharinjanahary
- Madagascar Biodiversity Center, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Niklas Rakos
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko Scientific Research Station, Abisko, Sweden
| | - Achala R Rathnayaka
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | | | - Yury A Rebriev
- Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Jouko Rikkinen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna M K Rogers
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrey Rogovsky
- Science Department, National Park Krasnoyarsk Stolby, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yuri Rozhkov
- State Nature Reserve Olekminsky, Olekminsk, Russia
| | - Kadri Runnel
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Annika Saarto
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anton Savchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markus Schlegel
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Research Unit, SwissFungi Data Center, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Niels Martin Schmidt
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
- Arctic Research Center, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Seibold
- Forest Zoology, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Berchtesgaden, Germany
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Carsten Skjøth
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elisa Stengel
- Field Station Fabrikschleichach, Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology (Zoology III), Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Rauhenebrach, Germany
| | - Svetlana V Sutyrina
- Sikhote-Alin State Nature Biosphere Reserve named after K. G. Abramov, Terney, Russia
| | - Ilkka Syvänperä
- Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Utsjoki, Finland
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jebidiah Timm
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Laura Tipton
- School of Natural Science and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hirokazu Toju
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Coevolution, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Michelle van der Bank
- African Centre for DNA Barcoding (ACDB), University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - F Herman van der Bank
- African Centre for DNA Barcoding (ACDB), University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Bryan Vandenbrink
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada
| | - Stefano Ventura
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems - IRET, National Research Council - CNR and National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wolfgang W Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Subodini N Wijesinghe
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | | | - Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Nourou S Yorou
- Research Unit in Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - Amanda Young
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Douglas W Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Center of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Evgeny V Zakharov
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul D N Hebert
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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16
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Hou Y, Pan B, Yang H, Zhu P, Huang Z, Zhao G, Du D. Responses of multi-faceted benthic macroinvertebrates alpha and beta diversity to flooding in a highland floodplain. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118475. [PMID: 38373546 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Flooding is an important process in natural fluvial floodplains. How the flood shapes aquatic community diversity in highland floodplains is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to unravel the multi-faceted responses of benthic macroinvertebrate diversity to flooding and habitat environments in the Baihe River Basin from a taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional perspective. We examined the alpha and beta diversity patterns of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the mainstream, tributaries, and oxbow lakes during the normal water and flood periods. The results showed that the traditional alpha taxonomic diversity (TD) varied across habitats, despite minor changes after flood pulse. Alpha phylogenetic diversity (PD) decreased and alpha functional diversity (FD) markedly increased after flooding, with functional traits transiting toward risk avoidance. While all the three facets of beta diversity significantly responded to habitat differences, beta TD and PD shifted in response to flooding. Species turnover prominently increased in beta TD and PD after flood pulse, which contrasted with a weaker response of this process in FD. The explanatory power of significant environmental factors on both alpha and beta diversity was reduced by flooding. Compared with traditional TD, cooperating multi-faceted diversity could better depict the responses of benthic macroinvertebrate communities to flooding. The assessment and conservation of aquatic biodiversity in highland floodplains should take into account the three facets of alpha and beta diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China.
| | - Haiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Penghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Gengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Dou Du
- Shaanxi Environmental Investigation and Assessment Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
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17
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Wang B, Hu K, Li C, Zhang Y, Hu C, Liu Z, Ding J, Chen L, Zhang W, Fang J, Zhang H. Geographic distribution of bacterial communities of inland waters in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118337. [PMID: 38325783 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms are integral to freshwater ecological functions and, reciprocally, their activity and diversity are shaped by the ecosystem state. Yet, the diversity of bacterial community and its driving factors at a large scale remain elusive. To bridge this knowledge gap, we delved into an analysis of 16S RNA gene sequences extracted from 929 water samples across China. Our analyses revealed that inland water bacterial communities showed a weak latitudinal diversity gradient. We found 530 bacterial genera with high relative abundance of hgcI clade. Among them, 29 core bacterial genera were identified, that is strongly linked to mean annual temperature and nutrient loadings. We also detected a non-linear response of bacterial network complexity to the increasing of human pressure. Mantel analysis suggested that MAT, HPI and P loading were the major factors driving bacterial communities in inland waters. The map of taxa abundance showed that the abundant CL500-29 marine group in eastern and southern China indicated high eutrophication risk. Our findings enhance our understanding of the diversity and large-scale biogeographic pattern of bacterial communities of inland waters and have important implications for microbial ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Wang
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Kaiming Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Chuqiao Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park Ecology & Culture Research Center, Hangzhou, 310030, China; Zhejiang Xixi Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park Ecology & Culture Research Center, Hangzhou, 310030, China; Zhejiang Xixi Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Hangzhou Xixi National Wetland Park Ecology & Culture Research Center, Hangzhou, 310030, China; Zhejiang Xixi Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Hangzhou International Urbanology Research Center and Center for Zhejiang Urban Governance Studies, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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18
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Yu Y, Fan MY, Zhou HX, Song YQ. The global pattern of epiphytic liverwort disparity: insights from Frullania. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:63. [PMID: 38741051 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The geographical and ecological patterns of morphological disparity are crucial to understand how species are assembled within communities in the context of the evolutionary history, morphological evolution and ecological interactions. However, with limited exceptions, rather few studies have been conducted on the global pattern of disparity, particularly in early land plants. Here we explored the spatial accumulation of disparity in a morphologically variable and species rich liverwort genus Frullania in order to test the hypothesis of latitude disparity gradient. We compiled a morphological data set consisting of eight continuous traits for 244 currently accepted species, and scored the species distribution into 19 floristic regions worldwide. By reconstructing the morphospace of all defined regions and comparisons, we identified a general Gondwana-Laurasia pattern of disparity in Frullania. This likely results from an increase of ecological opportunities and / or relaxed constraints towards low latitudes. The lowest disparity occurred in arid tropical regions, largely due to a high extinction rate as a consequence of paleoaridification. There was weak correlation between species diversity and disparity at different spatial scales. Furthermore, long-distance dispersal may have partially shaped the present-day distribution of Frullania disparity, given its frequency and the great contribution of widely distributed species to local morphospace. This study not only highlighted the crucial roles of paleoenvironmental changes, ecological opportunities, and efficient dispersal on the global pattern of plant disparity, but also implied its dependence on the ecological and physiological function of traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041, China.
| | - Mei-Ying Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041, China
| | - Yue-Qin Song
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041, China
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19
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Seymour M, Roslin T, deWaard JR, Perez KHJ, D'Souza ML, Ratnasingham S, Ashfaq M, Levesque-Beaudin V, Blagoev GA, Bukowski B, Cale P, Crosbie D, Decaëns T, deWaard SL, Ekrem T, El-Ansary HO, Evouna Ondo F, Fraser D, Geiger MF, Hajibabaei M, Hallwachs W, Hanisch PE, Hausmann A, Heath M, Hogg ID, Janzen DH, Kinnaird M, Kohn JR, Larrivée M, Lees DC, León-Règagnon V, Liddell M, Lijtmaer DA, Lipinskaya T, Locke SA, Manjunath R, Martins DJ, Martins MB, Mazumdar S, McKeown JTA, Anderson-Teixeria K, Miller SE, Milton MA, Miskie R, Morinière J, Mutanen M, Naik S, Nichols B, Noguera FA, Novotny V, Penev L, Pentinsaari M, Quinn J, Ramsay L, Rochefort R, Schmidt S, Smith MA, Sobel CN, Somervuo P, Sones JE, Staude HS, St Jaques B, Stur E, Telfer AC, Tubaro PL, Wardlaw TJ, Worcester R, Yang Z, Young MR, Zemlak T, Zakharov EV, Zlotnick B, Ovaskainen O, Hebert PDN. Global arthropod beta-diversity is spatially and temporally structured by latitude. Commun Biol 2024; 7:552. [PMID: 38720028 PMCID: PMC11078949 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Global biodiversity gradients are generally expected to reflect greater species replacement closer to the equator. However, empirical validation of global biodiversity gradients largely relies on vertebrates, plants, and other less diverse taxa. Here we assess the temporal and spatial dynamics of global arthropod biodiversity dynamics using a beta-diversity framework. Sampling includes 129 sampling sites whereby malaise traps are deployed to monitor temporal changes in arthropod communities. Overall, we encountered more than 150,000 unique barcode index numbers (BINs) (i.e. species proxies). We assess between site differences in community diversity using beta-diversity and the partitioned components of species replacement and richness difference. Global total beta-diversity (dissimilarity) increases with decreasing latitude, greater spatial distance and greater temporal distance. Species replacement and richness difference patterns vary across biogeographic regions. Our findings support long-standing, general expectations of global biodiversity patterns. However, we also show that the underlying processes driving patterns may be regionally linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Seymour
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ulls väg 18B, Uppsala, 75651, Sweden
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jeremy R deWaard
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Kate H J Perez
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle L D'Souza
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gergin A Blagoev
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Belén Bukowski
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Cale
- Australian Landscape Trust, Renmark, SA, SA5341, Australia
| | | | - Thibaud Decaëns
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Torbjørn Ekrem
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway
| | - Hosam O El-Ansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fidèle Evouna Ondo
- Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, Departement de la Recherche Scientifique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - David Fraser
- BC Conservation Data Centre, Ministry of Environment, Box 9338, Station Prov Govt, Victoria, BC, V8W 9M1, Canada
| | - Matthias F Geiger
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Hajibabaei
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Priscila E Hanisch
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter - University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Hausmann
- SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ian D Hogg
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, NU, Canada
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Daniel H Janzen
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Joshua R Kohn
- Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Maxim Larrivée
- Insectarium, Montréal Space for Life, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David C Lees
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia León-Règagnon
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 21, C.P, 48980, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Michael Liddell
- Centre for Tropical, Environmental, and Sustainability Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Darío A Lijtmaer
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tatsiana Lipinskaya
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Sean A Locke
- Departamento de Biología, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00680, Puerto Rico
| | - Ramya Manjunath
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Dino J Martins
- Mpala Research Centre and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Marlúcia B Martins
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Invertebrados, Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Avenida Perimetral 1901, Terra Firma, CEP, 66077 530, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Santosh Mazumdar
- Department of Zoology, University of Chittagong, 4331, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Jaclyn T A McKeown
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Scott E Miller
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, WA, USA
| | - Megan A Milton
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Renee Miskie
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Marko Mutanen
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Suresh Naik
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Becky Nichols
- US National Park Service, 1316 Cherokee Orchard Road, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatlinburg, TN, USA
| | - Felipe A Noguera
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 21, C.P, 48980, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lyubomir Penev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mikko Pentinsaari
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jenna Quinn
- Rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, ON, Canada
| | - Leah Ramsay
- BC Conservation Data Centre, Ministry of Environment, Box 9338, Station Prov Govt, Victoria, BC, V8W 9M1, Canada
| | - Regina Rochefort
- North Cascades National Park Service Complex, 810 State Route 20, Sedro-Woolley, WA, 98284, USA
| | - Stefan Schmidt
- SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Munich, Germany
| | - M Alex Smith
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Crystal N Sobel
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Panu Somervuo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jayme E Sones
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Brianne St Jaques
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Stur
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NO-7491, Norway
| | - Angela C Telfer
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Pablo L Tubaro
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tim J Wardlaw
- ARC Centre for Forest Values, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Robyn Worcester
- Stanley Park Ecology Society, P.O. Box 5167, Vancouver, BC, V6B 4B2, Canada
| | - Zhaofu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Monica R Young
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler Zemlak
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Evgeny V Zakharov
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (Survontie 9C), FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Paul D N Hebert
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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20
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Huang J, Feng H, Drake VA, Reynolds DR, Gao B, Chen F, Zhang G, Zhu J, Gao Y, Zhai B, Li G, Tian C, Huang B, Hu G, Chapman JW. Massive seasonal high-altitude migrations of nocturnal insects above the agricultural plains of East China. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317646121. [PMID: 38648486 PMCID: PMC11067063 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317646121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-distance migrations of insects contribute to ecosystem functioning but also have important economic impacts when the migrants are pests or provide ecosystem services. We combined radar monitoring, aerial sampling, and searchlight trapping, to quantify the annual pattern of nocturnal insect migration above the densely populated agricultural lands of East China. A total of ~9.3 trillion nocturnal insect migrants (15,000 t of biomass), predominantly Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, including many crop pests and disease vectors, fly at heights up to 1 km above this 600 km-wide region every year. Larger migrants (>10 mg) exhibited seasonal reversal of movement directions, comprising northward expansion during spring and summer, followed by southward movements during fall. This north-south transfer was not balanced, however, with southward movement in fall 0.66× that of northward movement in spring and summer. Spring and summer migrations were strongest when the wind had a northward component, while in fall, stronger movements occurred on winds that allowed movement with a southward component; heading directions of larger insects were generally close to the track direction. These findings indicate adaptations leading to movement in seasonally favorable directions. We compare our results from China with similar studies in Europe and North America and conclude that ecological patterns and behavioral adaptations are similar across the Northern Hemisphere. The predominance of pests among these nocturnal migrants has severe implications for food security and grower prosperity throughout this heavily populated region, and knowledge of their migrations is potentially valuable for forecasting pest impacts and planning timely management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, and Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, CornwallTR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Hongqiang Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
| | - V. Alistair Drake
- School of Science, UNSW Canberra, The University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT2610, Australia
- Institute for Applied Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT2617, Australia
| | - Don R. Reynolds
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, KentME4 4 TB, United Kingdom
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, HertsAL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Boya Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Fajun Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
| | - Junsheng Zhu
- Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
| | - Yuebo Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin136100, China
| | - Baoping Zhai
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
| | - Caihong Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450002, China
| | - Gao Hu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Jason W. Chapman
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, and Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, CornwallTR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
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21
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Hu N, Bourdeau PE, Hollander J. Responses of marine trophic levels to the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3400. [PMID: 38649374 PMCID: PMC11035698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms are simultaneously exposed to anthropogenic stressors associated with ocean acidification and ocean warming, with expected interactive effects. Species from different trophic levels with dissimilar characteristics and evolutionary histories are likely to respond differently. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of controlled experiments including both ocean acidification and ocean warming factors to investigate single and interactive effects of these stressors on marine species. Contrary to expectations, we find that synergistic interactions are less common (16%) than additive (40%) and antagonistic (44%) interactions overall and their proportion decreases with increasing trophic level. Predators are the most tolerant trophic level to both individual and combined effects. For interactive effects, calcifying and non-calcifying species show similar patterns. We also identify climate region-specific patterns, with interactive effects ranging from synergistic in temperate regions to compensatory in subtropical regions, to positive in tropical regions. Our findings improve understanding of how ocean warming, and acidification affect marine trophic levels and highlight the need for deeper consideration of multiple stressors in conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Biology- Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul E Bourdeau
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, Arcata, CA, USA
| | - Johan Hollander
- World Maritime University, Ocean Sustainability, Governance & Management Unit, 211 18, Malmö, Sweden.
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22
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Bonfim M, López DP, Repetto MF, Freestone AL. Speed and degree of functional and compositional recovery varies with latitude and community age. Ecology 2024; 105:e4259. [PMID: 38404022 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Rates at which a community recovers after disturbance, or its resilience, can be accelerated by increased net primary productivity and recolonization dynamics such as recruitment. These mechanisms can vary across biogeographic gradients, such as latitude, suggesting that biogeography is likely important to predicting resilience. To test whether community resilience, informed by functional and compositional recovery, hinges on geographic location, we employed a standardized replicated experiment on marine invertebrate communities across four regions from the tropics to the subarctic zone. Communities assembled naturally on standardized substrate while experiencing distinct levels of biomass removal (no removal, low disturbance, and high disturbance), which opened space for new colonizers, thereby providing a pulse of limited resource to these communities. We then quantified functional (space occupancy and biomass) and compositional recovery from these repeated pulse disturbances across two community assembly timescales (early and late at 3 and 12 months, respectively). We documented latitudinal variation in resilience across 47° latitude, where speed of functional recovery was higher toward lower latitudes yet incomplete at late assembly in the tropics and subtropics. The degree of functional recovery did not coincide with compositional recovery, and regional differences in recruitment and growth likely contributed to functional recovery in these communities. While biogeographic variation in community resilience has been predicted, our results are among the first to examine functional and compositional recovery from disturbance in a single large-scale standardized experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bonfim
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diana P López
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancon, Panama
| | - Michele F Repetto
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy L Freestone
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancon, Panama
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
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23
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de Angeli Dutra D. Assessing global drivers of parasite diversity: host diversity and body mass boost avian haemosporidian diversity. Parasitology 2024; 151:478-484. [PMID: 38634315 PMCID: PMC11106501 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182024000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Biodiversity varies worldwide and is influenced by multiple factors, such as environmental stability and past historical events (e.g. Panama Isthmus). At the same time, organisms with unique life histories (e.g. parasites) are subject to unique selective pressures that structure their diversity patterns. Parasites represent one of the most successful life strategies, impacting, directly and indirectly, ecosystems by cascading effects on host fitness and survival. Here, I focused on a highly diverse, prevalent and cosmopolitan group of parasites (avian haemosporidians) to investigate the main drivers (e.g. host and environmental features) of regional parasite diversity on a global scale. To do so, I compiled data from 4 global datasets on (i) avian haemosporidian (malaria and malaria-like) parasites, (ii) bird species diversity, (iii) avian functional traits and (iv) climate data. Then, using generalized least square models, I evaluated the effect of host and environmental features on haemosporidian diversity. I found that haemosporidian diversity mirrors host regional diversity and that higher host body mass increases haemosporidian diversity. On the other hand, climatic conditions had no effect on haemosporidian diversity in any model. When evaluating Leucocytozoon parasites separately, I found parasite diversity was boosted by a higher proportion of migratory hosts. In conclusion, I demonstrated that haemosporidian parasite diversity is intrinsically associated with their hosts’ diversity and body mass.
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24
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Zhang W, Ye J, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Shen L, Jin Y, Zhang J, Li H. Spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterioplankton communities in the estuaries of two differently contaminated coastal areas: Composition, driving factors and ecological process. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116263. [PMID: 38531208 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Seasonal variations of environmental parameters usually lead to considerable changes in microbial communities. Nevertheless, the specific response patterns of these communities in coastal areas subjected to different levels of contamination remain unclear. Our results revealed notable fluctuations in the bacterioplankton community both seasonally and spatially, with seasonal variations being particularly significant. The diversity and composition of bacterioplankton communities in the estuaries varied significantly across seasons and between seas. Some bacterial phyla that were highly abundant in the dry season (e.g., Patescibacteria and Epsilonbacteraeota) were almost absent in the wet season. Furthermore, the network analysis revealed that the bacterioplankton networks were more complex during the wet season than in the dry season. In the wet season, the estuarine bacterioplankton network in the Yellow Sea region was more complex and stable, while the opposite was true in the dry season. According to the neutral community model, stochastic processes played a more significant role in the formation of bacterioplankton communities during the wet season than during the dry season. Estuarine bacterioplankton communities in the Yellow Sea region were more affected by stochastic processes compared to those in the Bohai Sea. In summary, in the estuaries of two differently contaminated coastal areas, the seasonal increase in nutrient levels enhanced the deterministic processes and network complexity of the bacterioplankton communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jinqing Ye
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lingyu Shen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
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25
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Risoli MC, Yusseppone MS, Defeo O, Lomovasky BJ. Assessing sandy beach macrofaunal assemblages across geographically diverse morphodynamic environments. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 196:106407. [PMID: 38373377 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
While the physical characteristics of sandy beaches play a significant role in shaping the macrofaunal community features through morphodynamics, regional environmental factors may also account for deviations from the expected patterns. Here, we assess the concurrent effects of local morphodynamic factors and regional variables, such as sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and chlorophyll-a (chl-a), on species richness and abundance of intertidal macrofaunal assemblages in four sandy beaches located along the estuarine gradient generated by the Río de la Plata (RdlP) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Species richness was higher in dissipative beaches compared to intermediate ones, consistent with the predictions of the Swash Exclusion Hypothesis. However, this trend was not observed for total abundance, which significantly increased with chl-a. Both local and regional-scale environmental factors, such as salinity and chl-a, proved to be significant predictors in the arrangement of these communities. These results further support previous findings that highlight the critical role of the estuarine gradient of the RdlP in shaping life-history traits, population structure, and abundance of the resident intertidal macrofauna at both local and regional scales. The study underscores the importance of integrating environmental factors operating at different spatial scales to decipher community patterns in these physically-controlled environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Risoli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260 (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - M S Yusseppone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260 (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - O Defeo
- Laboratorio de Ciencias del Mar (UNDECIMAR), Facultad de Ciencias, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - B J Lomovasky
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260 (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Gole S, Prabakaran N, Prajapati S, Dudhat S, Das H, Kuppusamy S, Johnson JA. Latitudinal variation in seagrass communities with special emphasis on post-tsunami status in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, India. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300654. [PMID: 38507459 PMCID: PMC10954190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We studied spatial variation in seagrass communities in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago (ANI), India using latitude as a surrogate variable. We classified the ANI into five latitudinally distinct island groups: North & Middle Andaman, Ritchie's archipelago, South Andaman, Little Andaman, and the Nicobar archipelago. We evaluated the Importance Value Index (IVI) for species to determine the ecologically dominant seagrasses within each Island group. Later, we related our findings to investigate the three decadal pre- and post-tsunami status of seagrass habitats in the ANI which were severely impacted by the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004. Six of the 11 observed species, such as Halophila ovalis, Halophila beccarii, Halophila minor, Halodule pinifolia, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea rotundata, dominated the seagrass population among all island groups. Seagrass composition significantly varied across the five investigated latitudinal gradients. Seagrass communities in 'Ritchie's Archipelago and Nicobar' and 'South Andaman and Little Andaman' revealed the highest and lowest variation. Further, Ritchie's Archipelago and Nicobar had the highest species richness (n = 10), followed by North & Middle Andaman (n = 8), and the lowest in South and Little Andaman (n = 6). Despite similar species richness and composition, Nicobar contributed to the highest seagrass coverage compared to the lowest recorded in the Ritchie's Archipelago. Our observations on the re-colonization of disturbed areas by early successional and historical species suggest recovery of the seagrass population in the ANI post-disturbance. Lastly, co-variates associated with latitude as a surrogate warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnali Gole
- Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Sohini Dudhat
- Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Himansu Das
- Marine Threatened Species and Habitats, Terrestrial & Marine Biodiversity, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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U'Ren JM, Oita S, Lutzoni F, Miadlikowska J, Ball B, Carbone I, May G, Zimmerman NB, Valle D, Trouet V, Arnold AE. Environmental drivers and cryptic biodiversity hotspots define endophytes in Earth's largest terrestrial biome. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1148-1156.e7. [PMID: 38367618 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how symbiotic associations differ across environmental gradients is key to predicting the fate of symbioses as environments change, and it is vital for detecting global reservoirs of symbiont biodiversity in a changing world.1,2,3 However, sampling of symbiotic partners at the full-biome scale is difficult and rare. As Earth's largest terrestrial biome, boreal forests influence carbon dynamics and climate regulation at a planetary scale. Plants and lichens in this biome host the highest known phylogenetic diversity of fungal endophytes, which occur within healthy photosynthetic tissues and can influence hosts' resilience to stress.4,5 We examined how communities of endophytes are structured across the climate gradient of the boreal biome, focusing on the dominant plant and lichen species occurring across the entire south-to-north span of the boreal zone in eastern North America. Although often invoked for understanding the distribution of biodiversity, neither a latitudinal gradient nor mid-domain effect5,6,7 can explain variation in endophyte diversity at this trans-biome scale. Instead, analyses considering shifts in forest characteristics, Picea biomass and age, and nutrients in host tissues from 46° to 58° N reveal strong and distinctive signatures of climate in defining endophyte assemblages in each host lineage. Host breadth of endophytes varies with climate factors, and biodiversity hotspots can be identified at plant-community transitions across the boreal zone at a global scale. Placed against a backdrop of global circumboreal sampling,4 our study reveals the sensitivity of endophytic fungi, their reservoirs of biodiversity, and their important symbiotic associations, to climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana M U'Ren
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Shuzo Oita
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | | | | | - Bernard Ball
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Science Centre Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Ignazio Carbone
- Center for Integrated Fungal Research, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Georgiana May
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Naupaka B Zimmerman
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA
| | - Denis Valle
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Valerie Trouet
- Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - A Elizabeth Arnold
- School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, BIO5 Institute, Ecosystem Genomics Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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David KT, Harrison MC, Opulente DA, LaBella AL, Wolters JF, Zhou X, Shen XX, Groenewald M, Pennell M, Hittinger CT, Rokas A. Saccharomycotina yeasts defy long-standing macroecological patterns. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316031121. [PMID: 38412132 PMCID: PMC10927492 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316031121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Saccharomycotina yeasts ("yeasts" hereafter) are a fungal clade of scientific, economic, and medical significance. Yeasts are highly ecologically diverse, found across a broad range of environments in every biome and continent on earth; however, little is known about what rules govern the macroecology of yeast species and their range limits in the wild. Here, we trained machine learning models on 12,816 terrestrial occurrence records and 96 environmental variables to infer global distribution maps at ~1 km2 resolution for 186 yeast species (~15% of described species from 75% of orders) and to test environmental drivers of yeast biogeography and macroecology. We found that predicted yeast diversity hotspots occur in mixed montane forests in temperate climates. Diversity in vegetation type and topography were some of the greatest predictors of yeast species richness, suggesting that microhabitats and environmental clines are key to yeast diversity. We further found that range limits in yeasts are significantly influenced by carbon niche breadth and range overlap with other yeast species, with carbon specialists and species in high-diversity environments exhibiting reduced geographic ranges. Finally, yeasts contravene many long-standing macroecological principles, including the latitudinal diversity gradient, temperature-dependent species richness, and a positive relationship between latitude and range size (Rapoport's rule). These results unveil how the environment governs the global diversity and distribution of species in the yeast subphylum. These high-resolution models of yeast species distributions will facilitate the prediction of economically relevant and emerging pathogenic species under current and future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T. David
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
| | - Marie-Claire Harrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
| | - Dana A. Opulente
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53726
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA19085
| | - Abigail L. LaBella
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC28223
| | - John F. Wolters
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53726
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou510642, China
| | - Xing-Xing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | | | - Matt Pennell
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
| | - Chris Todd Hittinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53726
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37235
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Delavaux CS, Crowther TW, Bever JD, Weigelt P, Gora EM. Mutualisms weaken the latitudinal diversity gradient among oceanic islands. Nature 2024; 627:335-339. [PMID: 38418873 PMCID: PMC10937366 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) dominates global patterns of diversity1,2, but the factors that underlie the LDG remain elusive. Here we use a unique global dataset3 to show that vascular plants on oceanic islands exhibit a weakened LDG and explore potential mechanisms for this effect. Our results show that traditional physical drivers of island biogeography4-namely area and isolation-contribute to the difference between island and mainland diversity at a given latitude (that is, the island species deficit), as smaller and more distant islands experience reduced colonization. However, plant species with mutualists are underrepresented on islands, and we find that this plant mutualism filter explains more variation in the island species deficit than abiotic factors. In particular, plant species that require animal pollinators or microbial mutualists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute disproportionately to the island species deficit near the Equator, with contributions decreasing with distance from the Equator. Plant mutualist filters on species richness are particularly strong at low absolute latitudes where mainland richness is highest, weakening the LDG of oceanic islands. These results provide empirical evidence that mutualisms, habitat heterogeneity and dispersal are key to the maintenance of high tropical plant diversity and mediate the biogeographic patterns of plant diversity on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille S Delavaux
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - James D Bever
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Kansas Biological Survey, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Evan M Gora
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panamá City, Panamá
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA
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Harmáčková L, Remeš V. The Evolution of Local Co-occurrence in Birds in Relation to Latitude, Degree of Sympatry, and Range Symmetry. Am Nat 2024; 203:432-443. [PMID: 38358810 DOI: 10.1086/728687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
AbstractRecent speciation rates and the degree of range-wide sympatry are usually higher farther from the equator. Is there also a higher degree of secondary syntopy (coexistence in local assemblages in sympatry) at higher latitudes and, subsequently, an increase in local species richness? We studied the evolution of syntopy in passerine birds using worldwide species distribution data. We chose recently diverged species pairs from subclades not older than 5 or 7 million years, range-wide degree of sympatry not lower than 5% or 25%, and three definitions of the breeding season. We related their syntopy to latitude, the degree of sympatry (breeding range overlap), range symmetry, and the age of split. Syntopy was positively related to latitude, but it did not differ between tropical and temperate regions, instead increasing from the Southern to the Northern Hemisphere. Syntopy was also higher in species pairs with a higher degree of sympatry and more symmetric ranges, but it did not predict local species richness. Following speciation, species in the Northern Hemisphere presumably achieve positive local co-occurrence faster than elsewhere, which could facilitate their higher speciation rates. However, this does not seem to be linked to local species richness, which is probably governed by other processes.
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31
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van Baaren J, Boivin G, Visser B, Le Lann C. Bet-hedging in parasitoids: when optimization is not the best strategy to cope with climatic extremes. CURRENT RESEARCH IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 5:100076. [PMID: 39027356 PMCID: PMC11256270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cris.2024.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Bet-hedging occurs when unreliable environments select for genotypes exhibiting a lower variance in fitness at the cost of a lower mean fitness for each batch of progeny. This means that at the level of the genotype, the production of mostly non-optimal phenotypes may be favored when at least some phenotypes are successful. As extreme unreliable climatic events are increasing because of climate change, it is pertinent to investigate the potential of bet-hedging strategies that allow insects to cope with climate change. Evidence for bet-hedging is scarce in most insects, including parasitoids, but the unique lifestyle and biology of parasitoids leads to the expectation that bet-hedging may occur frequently. Here, we evaluate a range of parasitoid traits for which a bet-hedging strategy could be envisioned even if bet-hedging has not been identified as such yet. Under-identification of bet-hedging in nature could have resulted from a major focus of studies on parasitoid life history evolution and foraging behavior on optimality models, predicting how mean fitness can be maximized. Most environmental factors, however, vary unpredictably. Life history and behavioral adaptations are thus expected to be affected by environmental stochasticity. In this paper, we review different aspects of parasitoid behavior, physiology, and life histories and ask the question whether parasitoid traits could have evolved under selection by environmental stochasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan van Baaren
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (écosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Guy Boivin
- Horticultural Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, 430 Boul. Gouin, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada, J3B 3E6
| | - Bertanne Visser
- Evolution and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Cécile Le Lann
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (écosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
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32
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Tian Q, Stull GW, Kellermann J, Medan D, Nge FJ, Liu SY, Kates HR, Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Guralnick RP, Folk RA, Onstein RE, Yi TS. Rapid in situ diversification rates in Rhamnaceae explain the parallel evolution of high diversity in temperate biomes from global to local scales. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1851-1865. [PMID: 38229185 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The macroevolutionary processes that have shaped biodiversity across the temperate realm remain poorly understood and may have resulted from evolutionary dynamics related to diversification rates, dispersal rates, and colonization times, closely coupled with Cenozoic climate change. We integrated phylogenomic, environmental ordination, and macroevolutionary analyses for the cosmopolitan angiosperm family Rhamnaceae to disentangle the evolutionary processes that have contributed to high species diversity within and across temperate biomes. Our results show independent colonization of environmentally similar but geographically separated temperate regions mainly during the Oligocene, consistent with the global expansion of temperate biomes. High global, regional, and local temperate diversity was the result of high in situ diversification rates, rather than high immigration rates or accumulation time, except for Southern China, which was colonized much earlier than the other regions. The relatively common lineage dispersals out of temperate hotspots highlight strong source-sink dynamics across the cosmopolitan distribution of Rhamnaceae. The proliferation of temperate environments since the Oligocene may have provided the ecological opportunity for rapid in situ diversification of Rhamnaceae across the temperate realm. Our study illustrates the importance of high in situ diversification rates for the establishment of modern temperate biomes and biodiversity hotspots across spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tian
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333CR, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gregory W Stull
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jürgen Kellermann
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Hackney Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Diego Medan
- Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ave San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francis J Nge
- State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Hackney Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
- IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Ave Agropolis BP 64501, Montpellier, 34394, France
| | - Shui-Yin Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Heather R Kates
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Douglas E Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Pamela S Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Robert P Guralnick
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ryan A Folk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Renske E Onstein
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333CR, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Evolution and Adaptation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04013, Germany
| | - Ting-Shuang Yi
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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Fattorini S, Vitozzi A, Di Biase L, Bergamaschi D. Macroecology of Dung Beetles in Italy. INSECTS 2024; 15:39. [PMID: 38249045 PMCID: PMC10816216 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The Italian fauna includes about 170 species/subspecies of dung beetles, being one of the richest in Europe. We used data on dung beetle distribution in the Italian regions to investigate some macroecological patterns. Specifically, we tested if species richness decreased southward (peninsula effect) or northward (latitudinal gradient). We also considered the effects of area (i.e., the species-area relationship), topographic complexity, and climate in explaining dung beetle richness. Finally, we used multivariate techniques to identify biotic relationships between regions. We found no support for the peninsula effect, whereas scarabaeines followed a latitudinal gradient, thus supporting a possible role of southern areas as Pleistocene refuges for this group of mainly thermophilic beetles. By contrast, aphodiines were more associated with cold and humid climates and do not show a distinct latitudinal pattern. In general, species richness was influenced by area, with the Sardinian fauna being however strongly impoverished because of its isolation. Faunal patterns for mainland regions reflect the influence of current ecological settings and historical factors (Pleistocene glaciations) in determining species distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Fattorini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Alessia Vitozzi
- Department of Statistical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Letizia Di Biase
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Davide Bergamaschi
- Department of Entomology, Forbes 410, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Thyrring J, Harley CDG. Marine latitudinal diversity gradients are generally absent in intertidal ecosystems. Ecology 2024; 105:e4205. [PMID: 37947006 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Current latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) meta-analyses have failed to distinguish one of the most widespread marine habitats, the intertidal zone, as a separate system despite it having unique abiotic challenges and spatially compressed stress gradients that affect the distribution and abundance of resident species. We address this issue by revisiting published literature and datasets on LDGs since 1911 to explore LDG patterns and their strengths in intertidal benthic, subtidal benthic, and pelagic realms and discuss the importance of recognizing intertidal ecosystems as distinct. Rocky shorelines were the most studied intertidal ecosystem encompassing 64.2% of intertidal LDG studies, and 62.9% of studies focused on assemblage composition, while the remaining 37.1% of studies were taxa specific. While our analyses confirmed LDGs in subtidal benthic and pelagic realms, with a decrease in richness toward the poles, we found no consistent intertidal LDGs in any ocean or coastline across hemispheres or biodiversity unit. Analyzing intertidal and subtidal zones as separate systems increased the strength of subtidal benthic LDGs relative to analyses combining these systems. We demonstrate that in intertidal ecosystems across oceans in both hemispheres, a latitudinal decrease in species richness is not readily apparent, which stands in contrast with significant LDG patterns found in the subtidal realm. Intertidal habitat heterogeneity, regional environmental variability and biological interactions can create species-rich hot spots independent of latitude, which may functionally outweigh a typical latitudinal decline in species richness. Although previous work has shown weaker LDGs in benthic than pelagic systems, we demonstrate that this is caused by combining subtidal and intertidal benthic ecosystems into a single benthic category. Thus, we propose that subtidal and intertidal ecosystems cannot be combined into one entity as the physical and biological parameters controlling ecosystem processes are vastly different, even among intertidal ecosystems. Thus, the intertidal zone offers a unique model system in which hypotheses can be further tested to better understand the complex processes underlying LDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Thyrring
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Ecoscience-Marine Ecology and Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christopher D G Harley
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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35
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Peng Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Bu L, Qi J, Gao H, Chen S, Pan H, Chen B, Liang C, Li X, An Y, Wang S, Wei G, Jiao S. The neglected roles of adjacent natural ecosystems in maintaining bacterial diversity in agroecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e16996. [PMID: 37916454 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A central aim of community ecology is to understand how local species diversity is shaped. Agricultural activities are reshaping and filtering soil biodiversity and communities; however, ecological processes that structure agricultural communities have often overlooked the role of the regional species pool, mainly owing to the lack of large datasets across several regions. Here, we conducted a soil survey of 941 plots of agricultural and adjacent natural ecosystems (e.g., forest, wetland, grassland, and desert) in 38 regions across diverse climatic and soil gradients to evaluate whether the regional species pool of soil microbes from adjacent natural ecosystems is important in shaping agricultural soil microbial diversity and completeness. Using a framework of multiscales community assembly, we revealed that the regional species pool was an important predictor of agricultural bacterial diversity and explained a unique variation that cannot be predicted by historical legacy, large-scale environmental factors, and local community assembly processes. Moreover, the species pool effects were associated with microbial dormancy potential, where taxa with higher dormancy potential exhibited stronger species pool effects. Bacterial diversity in regions with higher agricultural intensity was more influenced by species pool effects than that in regions with low intensity, indicating that the maintenance of agricultural biodiversity in high-intensity regions strongly depends on species present in the surrounding landscape. Models for community completeness indicated the positive effect of regional species pool, further implying the community unsaturation and increased potential in bacterial diversity of agricultural ecosystems. Overall, our study reveals the indubitable role of regional species pool from adjacent natural ecosystems in predicting bacterial diversity, which has useful implication for biodiversity management and conservation in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianyan Bu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiejun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haibo Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yining An
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Zhou J, Qin W, Lu X, Yang Y, Stahl D, Jiao N, Zhou J, Liu J, Tu Q. The diversity and ecological significance of microbial traits potentially involved in B 12 biosynthesis in the global ocean. MLIFE 2023; 2:416-427. [PMID: 38818271 PMCID: PMC10989127 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cobalamin (B12), an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth, can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in nature. Therefore, microbial communities related to B12 biosynthesis could serve as an example subsystem to disentangle the underlying ecological mechanisms balancing the function and taxonomic make-up of complex functional assemblages. By anchoring microbial traits potentially involved in B12 biosynthesis, we depict the biogeographic patterns of B12 biosynthesis genes and the taxa harboring them in the global ocean, despite the limitations of detecting de novo B12 synthesizers via metagenomes alone. Both the taxonomic and functional composition of B12 biosynthesis genes were strongly shaped by depth, differentiating the epipelagic zones from the mesopelagic layers. Functional genes related to B12 biosynthesis were relatively stably distributed across different oceans, but the taxa harboring them varied considerably, showing clear functional redundancy among microbial systems. Microbial taxa carrying B12 biosynthesis genes in the surface water were influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, oxygen, and nitrate. However, the composition of functional genes was only weakly associated with these environmental factors. Null model analyses demonstrated that determinism governed the variations in B12 biosynthesis genes, whereas a higher degree of stochasticity was associated with taxonomic variations. Significant associations were observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and B12 biosynthesis, confirming its importance in primary production in the global ocean. The results of this study reveal an essential ecological mechanism governing the assembly of microbes in nature: the environment selects for function rather than taxonomy; functional redundancy underlies stochastic community assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Zhou
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie UniversityShandong University and Xiamen UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
| | - Xinda Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Present address:
DermBiont Inc.BostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - David Stahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Institute of Marine Microbes and EcospheresXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
- School of Computer Sciences, University of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
| | - Jihua Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie UniversityShandong University and Xiamen UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Qichao Tu
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie UniversityShandong University and Xiamen UniversityQingdaoChina
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Jiraska L, Jones B, Knight SJ, Lennox J, Goddard MR. Soil and bark biodiversity forms discrete islands between vineyards that are not affected by distance or management regime. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:3655-3670. [PMID: 37905675 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Within geographic regions, the existing data suggest that physical habitat (bark, soil, etc.) is the strongest factor determining agroecosystem microbial community assemblage, followed by geographic location (site), and then management regime (organic, conventional, etc.). The data also suggest community similarities decay with increasing geographic distance. However, integrated hypotheses for these observations have not been developed. We formalized and tested such hypotheses by sequencing 3.8 million bacterial 16S, fungal ITS2 and non-fungal eukaryotic COI barcodes deriving from 108 samples across two habitats (soil and bark) from six vineyards sites under conventional or conservation management. We found both habitat and site significantly affected community assemblage, with habitat the stronger for bacteria only, but there was no effect of management. There was no evidence for community similarity distance-decay within sites within each habitat. While communities significantly differed between vineyard sites, there was no evidence for between site community similarity distance-decay apart from bark bacterial communities, and no correlations with soil and bark pH apart from soil bacterial communities. Thus, within habitats, vineyard sites represent discrete biodiversity islands, and while bacterial, fungal and non-fungal eukaryotic biodiversity mostly differs between sites, the distance by which they are separated does not define how different they are.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Jiraska
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Beatrix Jones
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah J Knight
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jed Lennox
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew R Goddard
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
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38
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Macheriotou L, Derycke S, Vanreusel A. Environmental filtering along a bathymetric gradient: A metabarcoding meta-analysis of free-living nematodes. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6177-6189. [PMID: 37971160 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Identifying and understanding patterns of biological diversity is crucial at a time when even the most remote and pristine marine ecosystems are threatened by resource exploitation such as deep-seabed mining. Metabarcoding provides the means through which one can perform comprehensive investigations of diversity by examining entire assemblages simultaneously. Nematodes commonly represent the most abundant infaunal metazoan group in marine soft sediments. In this meta-analysis, we compiled all publicly available metabarcoding datasets targeting the 18S rRNA v1-v2 region from sediment samples to conduct a global-scale examination of nematode amplicon sequence variant (ASV) alpha diversity patterns and phylogenetic community structure at different depths and habitats. We found that nematode ASV richness followed a parabolic trend, increasing from the intertidal to the shelf, reaching a maximum in the bathyal and decreasing in the abyssal zone. No depth- or habitat-specific assemblages were identified as a large fraction of genera were shared. Contrastingly, the vast majority of ASVs were unique to each habitat and/or depth zone; genetic diversity was thus highly localized. Overwhelmingly, nematode ASVs in all habitats exhibited phylogenetic clustering, pointing to environmental filtering as the primary force defining community assembly rather than competitive interactions. This finding stresses the importance of habitat preservation for the maintenance of marine nematode diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Macheriotou
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Derycke
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Aquatic Environment and Quality, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Oostende, Belgium
| | - Ann Vanreusel
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Flinte V, Pádua DG, Durand EM, Hodgin C, Khattar G, da Silveira LFL, Fernandes DRR, Sääksjärvi IE, Monteiro RF, Macedo MV, Mayhew PJ. Variation in a Darwin Wasp (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Community along an Elevation Gradient in a Tropical Biodiversity Hotspot: Implications for Ecology and Conservation. INSECTS 2023; 14:861. [PMID: 37999060 PMCID: PMC10671876 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how biodiversity varies from place to place is a fundamental goal of ecology and an important tool for halting biodiversity loss. Parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera) are a diverse and functionally important animal group, but spatial variation in their diversity is poorly understood. We survey a community of parasitic wasps (Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) using Malaise traps up a mountain in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, and relate the catch to biotic and abiotic habitat characteristics. We find high species richness compared with previous similar studies, with abundance, richness, and diversity peaking at low to intermediate elevation. There is a marked change in community composition with elevation. Habitat factors strongly correlated with elevation also strongly predict changes in the pimpline community, including temperature as well as the density of bamboo, lianas, epiphytes, small trees, and herbs. These results identify several possible surrogates of pimpline communities in tropical forests, which could be used as a tool in conservation. They also contribute to the growing evidence for a typical latitudinal gradient in ichneumonid species richness, and suggest that low to medium elevations in tropical regions will sometimes conserve the greatest number of species locally, but to conserve maximal biodiversity, a wider range of elevations should also be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Flinte
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (V.F.); (G.K.); (L.F.L.d.S.); (R.F.M.); (M.V.M.)
| | - Diego G. Pádua
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil; (D.G.P.); (D.R.R.F.)
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avenida San Miguel, Talca 3605, Chile
| | - Emily M. Durand
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (E.M.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Caitlin Hodgin
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (E.M.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Gabriel Khattar
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (V.F.); (G.K.); (L.F.L.d.S.); (R.F.M.); (M.V.M.)
- Laboratory of Community and Quantitative Ecology, Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Luiz Felipe L. da Silveira
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (V.F.); (G.K.); (L.F.L.d.S.); (R.F.M.); (M.V.M.)
- Biology Department, Western Carolina University, 1 University Drive, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
| | - Daniell R. R. Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil; (D.G.P.); (D.R.R.F.)
| | | | - Ricardo F. Monteiro
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (V.F.); (G.K.); (L.F.L.d.S.); (R.F.M.); (M.V.M.)
| | - Margarete V. Macedo
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, C.P. 68020, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (V.F.); (G.K.); (L.F.L.d.S.); (R.F.M.); (M.V.M.)
| | - Peter J. Mayhew
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (E.M.D.); (C.H.)
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Fecchio A, Bell JA, Williams EJ, Dispoto JH, Weckstein JD, de Angeli Dutra D. Co-infection with Leucocytozoon and Other Haemosporidian Parasites Increases with Latitude and Altitude in New World Bird Communities. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2838-2846. [PMID: 37608162 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Establishing how environmental gradients and host ecology drive spatial variation in infection rates and diversity of pathogenic organisms is one of the central goals in disease ecology. Here, we identified the predictors of concomitant infection and lineage richness of blood parasites in New Word bird communities. Our multi-level Bayesian models revealed that higher latitudes and elevations played a determinant role in increasing the probability of a bird being co-infected with Leucocytozoon and other haemosporidian parasites. The heterogeneity in both single and co-infection rates was similarly driven by host attributes and temperature, with higher probabilities of infection in heavier migratory host species and at cooler localities. Latitude, elevation, host body mass, migratory behavior, and climate were also predictors of Leucocytozoon lineage richness across the New World avian communities, with decreasing parasite richness at higher elevations, rainy and warmer localities, and in heavier and resident host species. Increased parasite richness was found farther from the equator, confirming a reverse Latitudinal Diversity Gradient pattern for this parasite group. The increased rates of Leucocytozoon co-infection and lineage richness with increased latitude are in opposition with the pervasive assumption that pathogen infection rates and diversity are higher in tropical host communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Fecchio
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP), CONICET - Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina.
- Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jeffrey A Bell
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Emily J Williams
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | - Janice H Dispoto
- Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Weckstein
- Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biodiversity, Earth, and Environmental Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Liu H, Sun M, Zhang J. Genomic estimates of mutation and substitution rates contradict the evolutionary speed hypothesis of the latitudinal diversity gradient. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231787. [PMID: 37876195 PMCID: PMC10598419 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) refers to a decrease in biodiversity from the equator to the poles. The evolutionary speed hypothesis, backed by the metabolic theory of ecology, asserts that nucleotide mutation and substitution rates per site per year are higher and thereby speciation rates are higher at higher temperatures, generating the LDG. However, prior empirical investigations of the relationship between the temperature and mutation or substitution rate were based on a few genes and the results were mixed. We here revisit this relationship using genomic data. No significant correlation between the temperature and mutation rate is found in 13 prokaryotes or in 107 eukaryotes. An analysis of 234 diverse trios of bacterial taxa indicates that the synonymous substitution rate is not significantly associated with the growth temperature. The same data, however, reveal a significant negative association between the nonsynonymous substitution rate and temperature, which is explainable by a larger fraction of detrimental nonsynonymous mutations at higher temperatures due to a stronger demand for protein stability. We conclude that the evolutionary speed hypothesis of the LDG is unsupported by genomic data and advise that future mechanistic studies of the LDG should focus on other hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Liu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyi Sun
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianzhi Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Fan X, Ji M, Mu D, Zeng X, Tian Z, Sun K, Gao R, Liu Y, He X, Wu L, Li Q. Global diversity and biogeography of DNA viral communities in activated sludge systems. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:234. [PMID: 37865788 PMCID: PMC10589946 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated sludge (AS) systems in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) harbor enormous viruses that regulate microbial metabolism and nutrient cycling, significantly influencing the stability of AS systems. However, our knowledge about the diversity of viral taxonomic groups and functional traits in global AS systems is still limited. To address this gap, we investigated the global diversity and biogeography of DNA viral communities in AS systems using 85,114 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) recovered from 144 AS samples collected across 54 WWTPs from 13 different countries. RESULTS AS viral communities and their functional traits exhibited distance-decay relationship (DDR) at the global scale and latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) from equator to mid-latitude. Furthermore, it was observed that AS viral community and functional gene structures were largely driven by the geographic factors and wastewater types, of which the geographic factors were more important. Carrying and disseminating auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) associated with the degradation of polysaccharides, sulfate reduction, denitrification, and organic phosphoester hydrolysis, as well as the lysis of crucial functional microbes that govern biogeochemical cycles were two major ways by which viruses could regulate AS functions. It was worth noting that our study revealed a high abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in viral genomes, suggesting that viruses were key reservoirs of ARGs in AS systems. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the highly diverse taxonomic groups and functional traits of viruses in AS systems. Viral lysis of host microbes and virus-mediated HGT can regulate the biogeochemical and nutrient cycles, thus affecting the performance of AS systems. These findings provide important insights into the viral diversity, function, and ecology in AS systems on a global scale. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fan
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Mengzhi Ji
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dashuai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xianghe Zeng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaili Sun
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rongfeng Gao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinyuan He
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Linwei Wu
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Delavaux CS, LaManna JA, Myers JA, Phillips RP, Aguilar S, Allen D, Alonso A, Anderson-Teixeira KJ, Baker ME, Baltzer JL, Bissiengou P, Bonfim M, Bourg NA, Brockelman WY, Burslem DFRP, Chang LW, Chen Y, Chiang JM, Chu C, Clay K, Cordell S, Cortese M, den Ouden J, Dick C, Ediriweera S, Ellis EC, Feistner A, Freestone AL, Giambelluca T, Giardina CP, Gilbert GS, He F, Holík J, Howe RW, Huaraca Huasca W, Hubbell SP, Inman F, Jansen PA, Johnson DJ, Kral K, Larson AJ, Litton CM, Lutz JA, Malhi Y, McGuire K, McMahon SM, McShea WJ, Memiaghe H, Nathalang A, Norden N, Novotny V, O'Brien MJ, Orwig DA, Ostertag R, Parker GG'J, Pérez R, Reynolds G, Russo SE, Sack L, Šamonil P, Sun IF, Swanson ME, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Vandermeer J, Wang X, Ware I, Weiblen GD, Wolf A, Wu SH, Zimmerman JK, Lauber T, Maynard DS, Crowther TW, Averill C. Mycorrhizal feedbacks influence global forest structure and diversity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1066. [PMID: 37857800 PMCID: PMC10587352 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
One mechanism proposed to explain high species diversity in tropical systems is strong negative conspecific density dependence (CDD), which reduces recruitment of juveniles in proximity to conspecific adult plants. Although evidence shows that plant-specific soil pathogens can drive negative CDD, trees also form key mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi, which may counteract these effects. Across 43 large-scale forest plots worldwide, we tested whether ectomycorrhizal tree species exhibit weaker negative CDD than arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species. We further tested for conmycorrhizal density dependence (CMDD) to test for benefit from shared mutualists. We found that the strength of CDD varies systematically with mycorrhizal type, with ectomycorrhizal tree species exhibiting higher sapling densities with increasing adult densities than arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species. Moreover, we found evidence of positive CMDD for tree species of both mycorrhizal types. Collectively, these findings indicate that mycorrhizal interactions likely play a foundational role in global forest diversity patterns and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille S Delavaux
- ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Joseph A LaManna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan A Myers
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Salomón Aguilar
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - David Allen
- Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA
| | - Alfonso Alonso
- Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kristina J Anderson-Teixeira
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew E Baker
- Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Pulchérie Bissiengou
- Herbier National du Gabon, Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionelle, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Mariana Bonfim
- Department of Biology, Temple Ambler Field Station, Temple University, Ambler, PA, USA
| | - Norman A Bourg
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Warren Y Brockelman
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Nueng, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Li-Wan Chang
- Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology/School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jyh-Min Chiang
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chengjin Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keith Clay
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Susan Cordell
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Mary Cortese
- Department of Biology, Temple Ambler Field Station, Temple University, Ambler, PA, USA
| | - Jan den Ouden
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Dick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sisira Ediriweera
- Department of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka
| | - Erle C Ellis
- Geography & Environmental Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Feistner
- Gabon Biodiversity Program, Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Gamba, Gabon
| | - Amy L Freestone
- Department of Biology, Temple Ambler Field Station, Temple University, Ambler, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Giambelluca
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1910 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI, USA
- Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA
| | | | - Gregory S Gilbert
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Fangliang He
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jan Holík
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert W Howe
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Walter Huaraca Huasca
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen P Hubbell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Faith Inman
- Department of Biology, University of Hawaii, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Patrick A Jansen
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J Johnson
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Kamil Kral
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew J Larson
- Department of Forest Management, W. A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- The Wilderness Institute, W. A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Creighton M Litton
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1910 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - James A Lutz
- The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
- Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Krista McGuire
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Sean M McMahon
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, NJ, USA
| | - William J McShea
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hervé Memiaghe
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Anuttara Nathalang
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Nueng, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Natalia Norden
- Programa Ciencias de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J O'Brien
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Almería, Spain
| | - David A Orwig
- Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Rolando Pérez
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
| | - Glen Reynolds
- The Royal Society SEARRP (UK/Malaysia), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Sabrina E Russo
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pavel Šamonil
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - I-Fang Sun
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mark E Swanson
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Maria Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Vandermeer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xihua Wang
- Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ian Ware
- U.S. Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - George D Weiblen
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Amy Wolf
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Shu-Hui Wu
- Botanical Garden Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - Thomas Lauber
- ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel S Maynard
- ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Colin Averill
- ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich, Switzerland
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Meng L, Delmont TO, Gaïa M, Pelletier E, Fernàndez-Guerra A, Chaffron S, Neches RY, Wu J, Kaneko H, Endo H, Ogata H. Genomic adaptation of giant viruses in polar oceans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6233. [PMID: 37828003 PMCID: PMC10570341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being perennially frigid, polar oceans form an ecosystem hosting high and unique biodiversity. Various organisms show different adaptive strategies in this habitat, but how viruses adapt to this environment is largely unknown. Viruses of phyla Nucleocytoviricota and Mirusviricota are groups of eukaryote-infecting large and giant DNA viruses with genomes encoding a variety of functions. Here, by leveraging the Global Ocean Eukaryotic Viral database, we investigate the biogeography and functional repertoire of these viruses at a global scale. We first confirm the existence of an ecological barrier that clearly separates polar and nonpolar viral communities, and then demonstrate that temperature drives dramatic changes in the virus-host network at the polar-nonpolar boundary. Ancestral niche reconstruction suggests that adaptation of these viruses to polar conditions has occurred repeatedly over the course of evolution, with polar-adapted viruses in the modern ocean being scattered across their phylogeny. Numerous viral genes are specifically associated with polar adaptation, although most of their homologues are not identified as polar-adaptive genes in eukaryotes. These results suggest that giant viruses adapt to cold environments by changing their functional repertoire, and this viral evolutionary strategy is distinct from the polar adaptation strategy of their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Meng
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tom O Delmont
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91057, Evry, France
- Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean systems ecology and evolution, FR2022/Tara GOsee, F-75016, Paris, France
| | - Morgan Gaïa
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91057, Evry, France
- Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean systems ecology and evolution, FR2022/Tara GOsee, F-75016, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pelletier
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91057, Evry, France
- Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean systems ecology and evolution, FR2022/Tara GOsee, F-75016, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Fernàndez-Guerra
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samuel Chaffron
- Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean systems ecology and evolution, FR2022/Tara GOsee, F-75016, Paris, France
- Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes, CNRS, LS2N, UMR 6004, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Russell Y Neches
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Junyi Wu
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kaneko
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisashi Endo
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogata
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011, Japan.
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45
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Hawkins LA, Saunders BJ, Landero Figueroa MM, McCauley RD, Parnum IM, Parsons MJ, Erbe C. Habitat type drives the spatial distribution of Australian fish chorus diversitya). THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 154:2305-2320. [PMID: 37843381 DOI: 10.1121/10.0021330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Fish vocalize in association with life functions with many species calling en masse to produce choruses. Monitoring the distribution and behavior of fish choruses provides high-resolution data on fish distribution, habitat use, spawning behavior, and in some circumstances, local abundance. The purpose of this study was to use long-term passive acoustic recordings to obtain a greater understanding of the patterns and drivers of Australian fish chorus diversity at a national scale. This study detected 133 fish choruses from year-long recordings taken at 29 Australian locations with the highest fish chorus diversity identified at a site in the country's northern, tropical waters. A linear model fitted with a generalized least squares regression identified geomorphic feature type, benthic substrate type, and northness (of slope) as explanatory variables of fish chorus diversity. Geomorphic feature type was identified as the significant driver of fish chorus diversity. These results align with broad-scale patterns reported previously in fish biodiversity, fish assemblages, and fish acoustic diversity. This study has highlighted that passive acoustic monitoring of fish chorus diversity has the potential to be used as an indicator of fish biodiversity and to highlight habitats of ecological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Amy Hawkins
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Saunders
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | | | - Robert D McCauley
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Iain M Parnum
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Miles James Parsons
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christine Erbe
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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46
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Bezerra WCA, Figueiredo GM, Kozlowsky-Suzuki B. Can we meaningfully estimate the impacts of climate on zooplankton biodiversity? A review on uses and limitations of marine time series. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115515. [PMID: 37716130 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate events compromise ecosystems functioning and services. Marine zooplankton play a key role linking primary producers and higher consumers, in the carbon export to deeper regions, and respond quickly to environmental change. We conducted a systematic review to assess the effects of climate on marine zooplankton diversity. We describe the major findings, uses and limitations raised in the literature from worldwide time series ≥5 years. Thirty-five studies were included and only 6 presented extractable data (i.e., those that could be extracted from images) for the most studied group (i.e., copepods). Responses to climate were conflicting, and studies were mostly restricted to the global north, applied richness, alpha- and beta-diversity equally, and had a large number of unresolved taxonomic identification. Standardized open long-term data would meaningfully help unveiling assemblage reorganization and allow meta-analyses to improve our understanding of the effects of climate change and variability on zooplankton biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellen Cristina Alves Bezerra
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458, CEP: 22290-240, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisela Mandali Figueiredo
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Professor Rodolfo Rocco 211, CCS, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 21941-902, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Betina Kozlowsky-Suzuki
- Departmento de Ecologia e Recursos Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458, CEP: 22290-240, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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47
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David KT, Harrison MC, Opulente DA, LaBella AL, Wolters JF, Zhou X, Shen XX, Groenewald M, Pennell M, Hittinger CT, Rokas A. Saccharomycotina yeasts defy longstanding macroecological patterns. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.29.555417. [PMID: 37693602 PMCID: PMC10491267 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.29.555417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The Saccharomycotina yeasts ("yeasts" hereafter) are a fungal clade of scientific, economic, and medical significance. Yeasts are highly ecologically diverse, found across a broad range of environments in every biome and continent on earth1; however, little is known about what rules govern the macroecology of yeast species and their range limits in the wild2. Here, we trained machine learning models on 12,221 occurrence records and 96 environmental variables to infer global distribution maps for 186 yeast species (~15% of described species from 75% of orders) and to test environmental drivers of yeast biogeography and macroecology. We found that predicted yeast diversity hotspots occur in mixed montane forests in temperate climates. Diversity in vegetation type and topography were some of the greatest predictors of yeast species richness, suggesting that microhabitats and environmental clines are key to yeast diversification. We further found that range limits in yeasts are significantly influenced by carbon niche breadth and range overlap with other yeast species, with carbon specialists and species in high diversity environments exhibiting reduced geographic ranges. Finally, yeasts contravene many longstanding macroecological principles, including the latitudinal diversity gradient, temperature-dependent species richness, and latitude-dependent range size (Rapoport's rule). These results unveil how the environment governs the global diversity and distribution of species in the yeast subphylum. These high-resolution models of yeast species distributions will facilitate the prediction of economically relevant and emerging pathogenic species under current and future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T. David
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Harrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Dana A. Opulente
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova PA 19085, USA
| | - Abigail L. LaBella
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte NC 28223, USA
| | - John F. Wolters
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xing-Xing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Matt Pennell
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology and Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USA
| | - Chris Todd Hittinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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48
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French CM, Bertola LD, Carnaval AC, Economo EP, Kass JM, Lohman DJ, Marske KA, Meier R, Overcast I, Rominger AJ, Staniczenko PPA, Hickerson MJ. Global determinants of insect mitochondrial genetic diversity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5276. [PMID: 37644003 PMCID: PMC10465557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding global patterns of genetic diversity is essential for describing, monitoring, and preserving life on Earth. To date, efforts to map macrogenetic patterns have been restricted to vertebrates, which comprise only a small fraction of Earth's biodiversity. Here, we construct a global map of predicted insect mitochondrial genetic diversity from cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequences, derived from open data. We calculate the mitochondrial genetic diversity mean and genetic diversity evenness of insect assemblages across the globe, identify their environmental correlates, and make predictions of mitochondrial genetic diversity levels in unsampled areas based on environmental data. Using a large single-locus genetic dataset of over 2 million globally distributed and georeferenced mtDNA sequences, we find that mitochondrial genetic diversity evenness follows a quadratic latitudinal gradient peaking in the subtropics. Both mitochondrial genetic diversity mean and evenness positively correlate with seasonally hot temperatures, as well as climate stability since the last glacial maximum. Our models explain 27.9% and 24.0% of the observed variation in mitochondrial genetic diversity mean and evenness in insects, respectively, making an important step towards understanding global biodiversity patterns in the most diverse animal taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M French
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Biology Ph.D. Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Laura D Bertola
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Section for Computational and RNA Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, N 2200, Denmark
| | - Ana C Carnaval
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Biology Ph.D. Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan P Economo
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Jamie M Kass
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
- Macroecology Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - David J Lohman
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Biology Ph.D. Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Entomology Section, National Museum of Natural History, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Rudolf Meier
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isaac Overcast
- Biology Ph.D. Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew J Rominger
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
- Maine Center for Genetics in the Environment, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | | | - Michael J Hickerson
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Biology Ph.D. Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA
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49
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De Camargo RX. Avian Diversity Responds Unimodally to Natural Landcover: Implications for Conservation Management. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2647. [PMID: 37627438 PMCID: PMC10451700 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting species' ecological responses to landcovers within landscapes could guide conservation practices. Current modelling efforts derived from classic species-area relationships almost always predict richness monotonically increasing as the proportion of landcovers increases. Yet evidence to explain hump-shaped richness-landcover patterns is lacking. We tested predictions related to hypothesised drivers of peaked relationships between richness and proportion of natural landcover. We estimated richness from breeding bird atlases at different spatial scales (25 to 900 km2) in New York State and Southern Ontario. We modelled richness to gradients of natural landcover, temperature, and landcover heterogeneity. We controlled models for sampling effort and regional size of the species pool. Species richness peaks as a function of the proportion of natural landcover consistently across spatial scales and geographic regions sharing similar biogeographic characteristics. Temperature plays a role, but peaked relationships are not entirely due to climate-landcover collinearities. Heterogeneity weakly explains richness variance in the models. Increased amounts of natural landcover promote species richness to a limit in landscapes with relatively little (<30%) natural cover. Higher amounts of natural cover and a certain amount of human-modified landcovers can provide habitats for species that prefer open habitats. Much of the variation in richness among landscapes must be related to variables other than natural versus human-dominated landcovers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael X. De Camargo
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR-CNRS 6249, Université Franche-Comté—UFC, 25030 Besançon, France;
- TRANSBIO Graduate School, Université Bourgogne Franche Comté—COMUE UBFC, 25000 Besançon, France
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50
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Wiens JJ. Trait-based species richness: ecology and macroevolution. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1365-1387. [PMID: 37015839 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the origins of species richness patterns is a fundamental goal in ecology and evolutionary biology. Much research has focused on explaining two kinds of species richness patterns: (i) spatial species richness patterns (e.g. the latitudinal diversity gradient), and (ii) clade-based species richness patterns (e.g. the predominance of angiosperm species among plants). Here, I highlight a third kind of richness pattern: trait-based species richness (e.g. the number of species with each state of a character, such as diet or body size). Trait-based richness patterns are relevant to many topics in ecology and evolution, from ecosystem function to adaptive radiation to the paradox of sex. Although many studies have described particular trait-based richness patterns, the origins of these patterns remain far less understood, and trait-based richness has not been emphasised as a general category of richness patterns. Here, I describe a conceptual framework for how trait-based richness patterns arise compared to other richness patterns. A systematic review suggests that trait-based richness patterns are most often explained by when each state originates within a group (i.e. older states generally have higher richness), and not by differences in transition rates among states or faster diversification of species with certain states. This latter result contrasts with the widespread emphasis on diversification rates in species-richness research. I show that many recent studies of spatial richness patterns are actually studies of trait-based richness patterns, potentially confounding the causes of these patterns. Finally, I describe a plethora of unanswered questions related to trait-based richness patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wiens
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, USA
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