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Liang Y, Liu J, Jin J, Han Y, Wei Z. Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids on the transformation and phosphate retention of iron (hydr)oxides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173667. [PMID: 38823699 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The retention and mobilization of phosphate in soils are closely associated with the adsorption of iron (hydr)oxides and root exudation of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs). This study investigated the role of LMWOAs in phosphate mobilization under incubation and field conditions. LMWOAs-mediated iron (hydr)oxide transformation and phosphate adsorption experiments revealed that the presence of LMWOAs decreased the phosphate adsorption capacity of iron (hydr)oxides by up to ~74 % due to the competition effect, while LMWOAs-induced iron mineral transformation resulted in an approximately six-fold increase in phosphate retention by decreasing the crystallinity and increasing the surface reactivity. Root simulation in rhizobox experiments demonstrated that LMWOAs can alter the contents of different extractable phosphate species and iron components, leading to 10 % ~ 30 % decreases in available phosphate in the near root region of two tested soils. Field experiments showed that crop covering between mango tree rows promoted the exudation of LMWOAs from mango roots. In addition, crop covering increased the contents of total phosphate and available phosphate by 9.08 % ~ 61.20 % and 34.33 % ~ 147.33 % in the rhizosphere soils of mango trees, respectively. These findings bridge the microscale and field scale to understand the delicate LMWOAs-mediated balance between the retention and mobilization of phosphate on iron (hydr)oxide surface, thereby providing important implications for mitigating the low utilization efficiency of phosphate in iron-rich soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiezi Jin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuling Han
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wei
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
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Wu J, Jiao L, Che X, Zhu X, Yuan X. Nutrient allocation patterns of Picea crassifolia on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:1155-1167. [PMID: 38499792 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
It can provide a basis for decision making for the conservation and sustainable use of forest ecosystems in mountains to understand the stoichiometric properties and nutrient allocation strategies of major tree species. However, the plant nutrient allocation strategies under different environmental gradients in forest systems of arid and semi-arid mountains are not fully understand. Therefore, three typical regions in the Qilian Mountains on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were selected based on precipitation and temperature gradients, and the stoichiometric characteristics and nutrient allocation strategies of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) of the dominant tree species under different environmental gradients were investigated. The results showed that (1) the stoichiometric characteristics of plant tissues were different in the three regions. (2) The importance of each tissue in the plant nutrient allocation varied in different regions, showing that the plant roots are more important in the warm-wet region, while the plant leaves, branches and trunks are more important in the transition and hot-dry regions. (3) The influencing factors affecting plant nutrient allocation strategies were inconsistent across regions, which showed that plant nutrient allocation strategies in the warm-wet and transition region were mainly influenced by soil factors, while they were more influenced by climatic factors in the hot-dry region. The patterns of plant nutrient allocation strategies and drivers under different environmental gradients could help us better understand the ecological adaptation mechanism and physiological adjustment mechanism of forest ecosystem in mountains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No. 967, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liang Jiao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No. 967, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xichen Che
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No. 967, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xuli Zhu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No. 967, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No. 967, Anning East Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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3
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Wang R, Funayama-Noguchi S, Xiong Z, Staudinger C, Wasaki J. Phosphorus absorption kinetics and exudation strategies of roots developed by three lupin species to tackle P deficiency. PLANTA 2023; 259:29. [PMID: 38133691 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Different lupin species exhibited varied biomass, P allocation, and physiological responses to P-deprivation. White and yellow lupins had higher carboxylate exudation rates, while blue lupin showed the highest phosphatase activity. White lupin (Lupinus albus) can produce specialized root structures, called cluster roots, which are adapted to low-phosphorus (P) soil. Blue lupin (L. angustifolius) and yellow lupin (L. luteus), which are two close relatives of white lupin, do not produce cluster roots. This study characterized plant responses to nutrient limitation by analyzing biomass accumulation and P distribution, absorption kinetics and root exudation in white, blue, and yellow lupins. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture with (64 µM NaH2PO4) or without P for 31 days. Under P limitation, more biomass was allocated to roots to improve P absorption. Furthermore, the relative growth rate of blue lupin showed the strongest inhibition. Under + P conditions, the plant total-P contents of blue lupin and yellow lupin were higher than that of white lupin. To elucidate the responses of lupins via the perspective of absorption kinetics and secretion analysis, blue and yellow lupins were confirmed to have stronger affinity and absorption capacity for orthophosphate after P-deprivation cultivation, whereas white lupin and yellow lupin had greater ability to secrete organic acids. The exudation of blue lupin had higher acid phosphatase activity. This study elucidated that blue lupin was more sensitive to P-scarcity stress and yellow had the greater tolerance of P-deficient condition than either of the other two lupin species. The three lupin species have evolved different adaptation strategies to cope with P deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Wang
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
| | - Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Zilin Xiong
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
| | - Christiana Staudinger
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Jun Wasaki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan.
- Seto Inland Sea Carbon Neutral Research Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
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Liu ST, Gille CE, Bird T, Ranathunge K, Finnegan PM, Lambers H. Leaf phosphorus allocation to chemical fractions and its seasonal variation in south-western Australia is a species-dependent trait. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166395. [PMID: 37597552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
South-western Australia is a global biodiversity hotspot and has some of the oldest and most phosphorus (P)-impoverished soils in the world. Proteaceae is one of the dominant P-efficient plant families there, but it is unknown how leaf P concentrations and foliar P allocation of Proteaceae and coexisting dominant plant families vary between seasons and habitats. To investigate this, we selected 18 species from Proteaceae, Myrtaceae and Fabaceae, six from each family, in two habitats from Alison Baird Reserve (32°1'19''S 15°58'52''E) in Western Australia. Total leaf P and nitrogen (N) concentrations, leaf mass per area, photosynthetic rate, pre-dawn leaf water potential and foliar P fractions were determined for each species both at the end of summer (March 2019 and early April 2020) and at the end of winter (September 2019). Soil P availability was also determined for each site. This is the very first study that focused on seasonal changes of foliar P fractions from different P-impoverished environments in three plant families. However, contrary to our expectation, we found little evidence for convergence of foliar P allocation within family, season or habitat. Each species exhibited a specific species-dependent pattern of foliar P allocation, and many species showed differences between seasons. Native plants in south-western Australia converged on a high photosynthetic P-use efficiency, but each species showed its own unique way associated with that outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Tong Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Clément E Gille
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Toby Bird
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Kosala Ranathunge
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Patrick M Finnegan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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5
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Gao Y, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Ma X. Root morphological and physiological traits are committed to the phosphorus acquisition of the desert plants in phosphorus-deficient soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:188. [PMID: 37032339 PMCID: PMC10084647 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) deficiency in desert ecosystems is widespread. Generally, desert species may allocate an enormous proportion of photosynthetic carbon to their root systems to adjust their P-acquisition strategies. However, root P-acquisition strategies of deep-rooted desert species and the coordination response of root traits at different growth stages to differing soil P availability remains unclear. In this study, a two-year pot experiment was performed with four soil P-supply treatments (0, 0.9, 2.8, and 4.7 mg P kg-1 y-1 for the control, low-, intermediate-, and high-P supply, respectively). Root morphological and physiological traits of one- and two-year-old Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings were measured. RESULTS For two-year-old seedlings, control or low-P supply significantly increased their leaf Mn concentration, coarse and fine roots' specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRSA), and acid phosphatase activity (APase), but SRL and SRSA of one-year-old seedlings were higher under intermediate-P supply treatment. Root morphological traits were closely correlated with root APase activity and leaf Mn concentration. One-year-old seedlings had higher root APase activity, leaf Mn concentration, and root tissue density (RTD), but lower SRL and SRSA. Two-year-old seedlings had higher root APase activity, leaf Mn concentration, SRL and SRSA, but a lower RTD. Root APase activity was significantly positively correlated with the leaf Mn concentration, regardless of coarse or fine roots. Furthermore, root P concentrations of coarse and fine roots were driven by different root traits, with root biomass and carboxylates secretion particularly crucial root traits for the root P-acquisition of one- and two-year-old seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Variation of root traits at different growth stages are coordinated with root P concentrations, indicating a trade-off between root traits and P-acquisition strategies. Alhagi sparsifolia developed two P-activation strategies, increasing P-mobilizing phosphatase activity and carboxylates secretion, to acclimate P-impoverished in soil. The adaptive variation of root traits at different growth stages and diversified P-activation strategies are conducive to maintaining the desert ecosystem productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xingyu Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Wang Q, Duan CJ, Liang HX, Ren JW, Geng ZC, Xu CY. Phosphorus acquisition strategies of wheat are related to biochar types added in cadmium-contaminated soil: Evidence from soil zymography and root morphology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159033. [PMID: 36183665 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application for the remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils may result in a relative deficiency of phosphorus (P) due to the disruption of soil nutrient balance. However, the P acquisition strategies of plants in such situation are still unclear. In this study, analyses on soil zymography and root morphology were combined for the first time to investigate the effects of pristine and P-modified biochars from apple tree branches on the P acquisition strategies of wheat under Cd stress. The results show that the application of pristine biochar exacerbated the soil's relative P deficiency. Wheat was forced to improve foraging for P by forming longer and thinner roots (average diameter 0.284 mm) as well as releasing more phosphatase to promote P mobilization in the soil. Moreover, bioavailable Cd affected the P acquisition strategies of wheat through stimulating the release of phosphatase from roots. The P-modified biochar maintained high levels of Olsen-P (>100 mg kg-1) in the soil over time by slow release, avoiding the creation of relative P deficiency in the soil; and increased the average root diameter (0.338 mm) and growth performance index, which promoted shoot growth (length and biomass). Furthermore, the P-modified biochar reduced DTPA-extracted Cd concentration in soils by 79.8 % (pristine biochar by 26.9 %), and decreased the Cd translocation factor from root to shoot as well as Cd concentration in the shoots. Therefore, P-modified biochar has a great potential to regulate the soil element balance (carbon, nitrogen, and P), promote wheat growth, and remediate the Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Cheng-Jiao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Xu Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jia-Wei Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zeng-Chao Geng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chen-Yang Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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7
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Yu Q, Ni X, Cheng X, Ma S, Tian D, Zhu B, Zhu J, Ji C, Tang Z, Fang J. Foliar phosphorus allocation and photosynthesis reveal plants' adaptative strategies to phosphorus limitation in tropical forests at different successional stages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157456. [PMID: 35863563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and low soil phosphorus (P) availability occur simultaneously in tropical areas, and thus tropical plants need to adapt nutrient-use strategies to maintain growth and survival. Therefore, identifying the adaptative strategies of tropical plants at different successional stages under low soil P availability is indispensable. Here, we separately investigated foliar traits, photosynthetic characteristics, and P fractions of 8 species in the primary and secondary tropical forests after 10 years of N and P fertilization. P addition increased foliar P concentrations and deceased N:P ratio in the primary forest and secondary forest. The foliar photosynthetic rates did not significantly respond to nutrient additions, and the foliar photosynthetic P-use efficiency (PPUE) reduced under the P addition in the primary forest. In contrast, the foliar photosynthetic rates and photosynthetic nitrogen (N)-use efficiency (PNUE) were enhanced with nutrient additions in the secondary forest. The allocations of foliar nucleic acid P and residual P were reduced by P addition in the primary forest, whereas the allocation of metabolic P was enhanced and the allocation of residual P was reduced by P addition in the secondary forest. Additionally, a higher proportion of structural P was found in the primary forest, and a higher proportion of metabolic P was observed in the secondary forest. Interesting, structural equation model analysis revealed that the plants decreased the allocation of foliar nucleic acid P and increased the allocation of structural P in the primary forest, thereby reducing photosynthetic rates. Whereas the plants enhanced photosynthetic rates by promoting PPUE and the allocation of foliar metabolic P in the secondary forest. Our findings highlighted tropical plants at different successional stages can reasonably allocate foliar P to regulate photosynthetic rates and acclimate to low P environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshui Yu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ni
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Suhui Ma
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Di Tian
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiangling Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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8
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Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry in Natural and Plantation Forests in China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ecological stoichiometry is essential for understanding the biogeochemical cycle in forest ecosystems. However, previous studies of ecological stoichiometry have rarely considered the impacts of forest origins, which could help explain why to date so much uncertainty has been reported on this subject. In this study, we tried to reduce this uncertainty by examining carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in roots, litter and soil in both natural and plantation forests throughout China. The sampled forest sites were divided into three groups according to the identified succession stages: early (ES), middle (MS) and late (LS) stages. Our results show that soil C, N and P concentrations were significantly higher in natural (NF) than in plantation (PL) forests. As succession/growth proceeded, P concentrations significantly increased in litter, roots and soil in NF, while the opposite occurred in PL. These results indicate that NF are able to use P more efficiently than PL, especially in the LS. Furthermore, the higher root N:P ratio indicates that the growth of PL was limited by P in both MS and LS. Our results also suggest that geographical and climatic factors are not the dominant factors in the differences in P between NF and PL, and, even more clearly and importantly, that native forests with native species are more capable of conserving P than planted forests, which are frequently less diverse and dominated by fast-growing non-site native species. These results will help improve biogeochemical models and forest management throughout the world.
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9
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Nadeem M, Wu J, Ghaffari H, Kedir AJ, Saleem S, Mollier A, Singh J, Cheema M. Understanding the Adaptive Mechanisms of Plants to Enhance Phosphorus Use Efficiency on Podzolic Soils in Boreal Agroecosystems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804058. [PMID: 35371179 PMCID: PMC8965363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Being a macronutrient, phosphorus (P) is the backbone to complete the growth cycle of plants. However, because of low mobility and high fixation, P becomes the least available nutrient in podzolic soils; hence, enhancing phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) can play an important role in different cropping systems/crop production practices to meet ever-increasing demands in food, fiber, and fuel. Additionally, the rapidly decreasing mineral phosphate rocks/stocks forced to explore alternative resources and methods to enhance PUE either through improved seed P reserves and their remobilization, P acquisition efficiency (PAE), or plant's internal P utilization efficiency (IPUE) or both for sustainable P management strategies. The objective of this review article is to explore and document important domains to enhance PUE in crop plants grown on Podzol in a boreal agroecosystem. We have discussed P availabilities in podzolic soils, root architecture and morphology, root exudates, phosphate transporters and their role in P uptake, different contributors to enhance PAE and IPUE, and strategies to improve plant PUE in crops grown on podzolic soils deficient in P and acidic in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
| | - Jiaxu Wu
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
| | | | - Amana Jemal Kedir
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
- Environmental Science Program, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Shamila Saleem
- Department of Agriculture Extension, Government of Punjab, Khanewal, Pakistan
| | - Alain Mollier
- INRAE, UMR 1391 ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jaswinder Singh
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
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10
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Yu Z, Guoyi Z, Liu L, Manzoni S, Ciais P, Goll D, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Wang W, Zhu J, Li L, Yan J, Liu J, Tang X. Natural forests promote phosphorus retention in soil. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1678-1689. [PMID: 34787937 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil phosphorus (P) availability often limits plant productivity. Classical theories suggest that total P content declines at the temporal scale of pedogenesis, and ecosystems develop toward the efficient use of scarce P during succession. However, the trajectory of ecosystem P within shorter time scales of succession remains unclear. We analyzed changes to P pools at the early (I), middle (II), and late (III) stages of growth of plantation forests (PFs) and the successional stages of natural forests (NFs) at 1969 sites in China. We found significantly lower P contents at later growth stages compared to earlier ones in the PF (p < .05), but higher contents at late successional stages than in earlier stages in the NF (p < .05). Our results indicate that increasing P demand of natural vegetation during succession, may raise, retain, and accumulate P from deeper soil layers. In contrast, ecosystem P in PF was depleted by the more rapidly increasing demand outpacing the development of a P-efficient system. We advocate for more studies to illuminate the mechanisms for determining the divergent changes, which would improve forest management and avoid the vast degradation of PF ecosystems suffering from the ongoing depletion of P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhou Guoyi
- Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Daniel Goll
- LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Wantong Wang
- College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuli Tang
- South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Phillips IR, Courtney R. Long term field trials demonstrate sustainable nutrient supply and uptake in rehabilitated bauxite residue. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150134. [PMID: 34509849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Establishing a sustainable vegetation cover is one of the most important steps in progressive rehabilitation and final closure of ore-processing residues and tailings facilities. Sustainable rehabilitation partly depends on establishing and maintaining a supply of plant-available nutrients, but few long term field studies demonstrating the success or failure of rehabilitation of degraded land such as mineral processing tailings have been reported. Bauxite-processing residues are a highly sodic, highly alkaline, nutrient-poor by-product generated from alumina extraction, and pose many challenges for successful rehabilitation. This study investigated long term performance of rehabilitation established on bauxite-processing residue storage areas (RSAs) by comparing the nutrient content of the vegetation cover with nutrient concentrations in the underlying residue sand. Five plant species having diverse physiology were selected from rehabilitation varying in age from 1 to 10 years old; these being: Hardenbergia comptoniana - a vigorous growing legume ground cover/creeper), Acacia cochlearis and A. rostellifera - legume shrubs tolerant of sandy, alkaline conditions, Grevillea crithmifolia - a drought-tolerant proteaceous shrub tolerant of alkaline soil, and Spyridium globulosum - a robust, fast-growing shrub, commonly found on alkaline coastal soils. Gypsum incorporation reduced the pH and soluble aluminium levels in residue sand, but also acted as a long-term source of nutrients for the vegetation cover. Legume species contained more nitrogen than non-legumes (2.5% N and 1.5% N, respectively), and decomposition of surface litter increased organic carbon and total and mineral nitrogen contents of the residue sand over time. Nutrient cycling maintained a supply of macro- and micro- nutrients for the vegetation cover, and 10-year old rehabilitation exhibited characteristics similar to an analogue site. This study highlighted the importance of organic matter accumulation, developing a functional microbial community, and a diverse plant species mix on transforming the residue sand characteristics and encouraging nutrient cycling as key mechanisms for establishing a sustainable vegetation cover and functional ecosystem on residue sand embankments.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Phillips
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia; Alcoa of Australia Limited, Pinjarra, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R Courtney
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland.
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12
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Hufnagel B, Soriano A, Taylor J, Divol F, Kroc M, Sanders H, Yeheyis L, Nelson M, Péret B. Pangenome of white lupin provides insights into the diversity of the species. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2532-2543. [PMID: 34346542 PMCID: PMC8633493 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
White lupin is an old crop with renewed interest due to its seed high protein content and high nutritional value. Despite a long domestication history in the Mediterranean basin, modern breeding efforts have been fairly scarce. Recent sequencing of its genome has provided tools for further description of genetic resources but detailed characterization of genomic diversity is still missing. Here, we report the genome sequencing of 39 accessions that were used to establish a white lupin pangenome. We defined 32 068 core genes that are present in all individuals and 14 822 that are absent in some and may represent a gene pool for breeding for improved productivity, grain quality, and stress adaptation. We used this new pangenome resource to identify candidate genes for alkaloid synthesis, a key grain quality trait. The white lupin pangenome provides a novel genetic resource to better understand how domestication has shaped the genomic variability within this crop. Thus, this pangenome resource is an important step towards the effective and efficient genetic improvement of white lupin to help meet the rapidly growing demand for plant protein sources for human and animal consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Hufnagel
- BPMPUniv MontpellierCNRSINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
- Present address:
CIRADUMR AGAP InstitutSEAPAG TeamPetit‐BourgGuadeloupeF‐97170French West Indies
| | | | | | - Fanchon Divol
- BPMPUniv MontpellierCNRSINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
| | - Magdalena Kroc
- Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of SciencesPoznanPoland
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Péret
- BPMPUniv MontpellierCNRSINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance
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13
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de Tombeur F, Cornelis JT, Lambers H. Silicon mobilisation by root-released carboxylates. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1116-1125. [PMID: 34315662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved numerous strategies to acquire poorly available nutrients from soil, including the release of carboxylates from their roots. Silicon (Si) release from mineral dissolution increases in the presence of chelating substances, and recent evidence shows that leaf [Si] increases markedly in old phosphorus (P)-depleted soils, where many species exhibit carboxylate-releasing strategies, compared with younger P-richer soils. Here, we propose that root-released carboxylates, and more generally rhizosphere processes, play an overlooked role in plant Si accumulation by increasing soil Si mobilisation from minerals. We suggest that Si mobilisation is costly in terms of carbon but becomes cheaper if those costs are already met to acquire poorly available P. Uptake of the mobilised Si by roots will then depend on whether they express Si transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix de Tombeur
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Thomas Cornelis
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley (Perth), WA 6009, Australia.
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14
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Sun Y, Song K, Liu L, Sun L, Qin Q, Jiang T, Zhou B, Zhu C, Xu G, Sun S, Xue Y. Sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol synthase 1 impairs glycolipid accumulation and photosynthesis in phosphate-deprived rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6510-6523. [PMID: 34165534 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi)-starved crops utilize phospholipids as a source for internal Pi supply by replacing non-phosphorus glycolipids. In rice, sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol synthase 1 (OsSQD1) functions as a key enzyme in the first step to catalyze sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) formation. Here we study differential expression of OsSQD1 in response to Pi, nitrogen, potassium, and iron-deficiencies in rice. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that OsSQD1 is regulated by OsPHR2 (Phosphate Starvation Response2), a MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) domain-containing transcription factor. The concentrations of different lipid species in ossqd1 knockout mutant demonstrated that OsSQD1 silencing increased the phospholipid content and altered fatty acid composition under Pi-deficiency. Moreover, OsSQD1 silencing reduces glycolipid accumulation under Pi-deficiency, and triggered the saturation of fatty acids in phospholipids and glycolipids treated with different Pi regimes. Relative amounts of transcripts related to phospholipid degradation and glycolipid synthesis were assessed to explore the mechanism by which OsSQD1 exerts an effect on lipid homeostasis under P-deficiency. Furthermore, OsSQD1 silencing inhibited photosynthesis, especially under Pi-deficient conditions, by down-regulating glycolipids in rice shoots. Taken together, our study reveals that OsSQD1 plays a key role in lipid homeostasis, especially glycolipid accumulation under Pi-deficiency, which results in the inhibition of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Sun
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095,China
| | - Ke Song
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
| | - Lu Liu
- Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223001,China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
| | - Qin Qin
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095,China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
| | - Caihua Zhu
- Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd., 201100,China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095,China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095,China
| | - Yong Xue
- Institute of Eco-Environment and Plant Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403,China
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15
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Zhong H, Lambers H, Wong WS, Dixon KW, Stevens JC, Cross AT. Initiating pedogenesis of magnetite tailings using Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leaf lupin) as an ecological engineer to promote native plant establishment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147622. [PMID: 34034171 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mine tailings pose physical and chemical challenges for plant establishment. Our aim was to learn from natural processes in long-term soil and ecosystem development to use tailings as novel parent materials and pioneer ecological-engineering plant species to ameliorate extreme conditions of tailings, and facilitate the establishment of subsequent native plants. A glasshouse trial was conducted using magnetite tailings containing various amendments, investigating the potential of the nitrogen (N)-fixing, non-native pioneer species Lupinus angustifolius (Fabaceae), narrow-leaf lupin, as a potential eco-engineer to promote soil formation processes, and whether amendment type or the presence of pioneer vegetation improved the subsequent establishment and growth of 40 species of native plants. We found that L. angustifolius eco-engineered the mine tailings, by enhancing the N status of tailings and mobilising primary mineral P into organic P via a carboxylate-exudation strategy, thereby enabling subsequent growth of native species. The substantial increases of the soil organic P (from ca. 10 to 150 mg kg-1) pool and organo-bound Al minerals (from 0 to 2 mg kg-1) were particularly evident, indicating the initiation of pedogenesis in mine tailings. Our findings suggest that the annual legume L. angustifolius has eco-engineering potential on mine tailings through N-fixation and P-mobilisation, promoting the subsequent growth of native plants. We proposed Daviesia (Fabaceae) species as native species alternatives for the non-native L. angustifolius in the Western Australian context. Our findings are important for restoration practitioners tasked with mine site restoration in terms of screening pioneer eco-engineering plant species, where native plants are required to restore after mine operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Wei San Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Kingsley W Dixon
- Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Jason C Stevens
- Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, 2 Kattidj Close, Kings Park, WA 6005, Australia
| | - Adam T Cross
- EcoHealth Network, 1330 Beacon St, Suite 355a, Brookline, MA 02446, United States; School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
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16
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Ding W, Cong WF, Lambers H. Plant phosphorus-acquisition and -use strategies affect soil carbon cycling. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:899-906. [PMID: 34246498 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is driving N-limited ecosystems towards phosphorus (P) limitation. Plants have evolved strategies to respond to P limitation which affect N cycling in plant-soil systems. A comprehensive understanding of how plants with efficient P-acquisition or -use strategies influence carbon (C) and N cycling remains elusive. We highlight how P-acquisition/-use strategies, particularly the release of carboxylates into the rhizosphere, accelerate soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition and soil N mineralisation by destabilising aggregates and organic-mineral associations. We advocate studying the effects of P-acquisition/-use strategies on SOM formation, directly or through microbial turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Ding
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China.
| | - Hans Lambers
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), WA 6009, Australia.
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17
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Delgado M, Henríquez-Castillo C, Zuñiga-Feest A, Sepúlveda F, Hasbún R, Hanna P, Reyes-Díaz M, Bertin-Benavides A. Cluster roots of Embothrium coccineum modify their metabolism and show differential gene expression in response to phosphorus supply. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 161:191-199. [PMID: 33621863 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Embothrium coccineum produces cluster roots (CR) to acquire sparingly soluble phosphorus (P) from the soil through the exudation of organic compounds. However, the physiological mechanisms involved in carbon drainage through its roots, as well as the gene expression involved in the biosynthesis of carboxylates and P uptake, have not been explored. In this work, we evaluated the relationship between carboxylate exudation rate and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity in roots of E. coccineum seedlings grown in a nutrient-poor volcanic substrate. Second, we evaluated CR formation and the expression of genes involved in the production of carboxylates (PEPC) and P uptake (PHT1) in E. coccineum seedlings grown under three different P supplies in hydroponic conditions. Our results showed that the carboxylate exudation rate was higher in CR than in non-CR, which was consistent with the higher PEPC activity in CR. We found higher CR formation in seedlings grown at 5 μM of P supply, concomitant with a higher expression of EcPEPC and EcPHT1 in CR than in non-CR. Overall, mature CR of E. coccineum seedlings growing on volcanic substrates poor in nutrients modify their metabolism compared to non-CR, enhancing carboxylate biosynthesis and subsequent carboxylate exudation. Additionally, transcriptional responses of EcPEPC and EcPHT1 were induced simultaneously when E. coccineum seedlings were grown in P-limited conditions that favored CR formation. Our results showed, for the first time, changes at the molecular level in CR of a species of the Proteaceae family, demonstrating that these root structures are highly specialized in P mobilization and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Delgado
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos Henríquez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Alejandra Zuñiga-Feest
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Sepúlveda
- Laboratorio de Epigenética Vegetal, Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Hasbún
- Laboratorio de Epigenética Vegetal, Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ariana Bertin-Benavides
- Laboratorio de Epigenética Vegetal, Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; ONG Conciencia Sur, Chile.
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18
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Pueyo JJ, Quiñones MA, Coba de la Peña T, Fedorova EE, Lucas MM. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interplay in Lupin Root Nodules and Cluster Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644218. [PMID: 33747024 PMCID: PMC7966414 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two major plant nutrients, and their deficiencies often limit plant growth and crop yield. The uptakes of N or P affect each other, and consequently, understanding N-P interactions is fundamental. Their signaling mechanisms have been studied mostly separately, and integrating N-P interactive regulation is becoming the aim of some recent works. Lupins are singular plants, as, under N and P deficiencies, they are capable to develop new organs, the N2-fixing symbiotic nodules, and some species can also transform their root architecture to form cluster roots, hundreds of short rootlets that alter their metabolism to induce a high-affinity P transport system and enhance synthesis and secretion of organic acids, flavonoids, proteases, acid phosphatases, and proton efflux. These modifications lead to mobilization in the soil of, otherwise unavailable, P. White lupin (Lupinus albus) represents a model plant to study cluster roots and for understanding plant acclimation to nutrient deficiency. It tolerates simultaneous P and N deficiencies and also enhances uptake of additional nutrients. Here, we present the structural and functional modifications that occur in conditions of P and N deficiencies and lead to the organogenesis and altered metabolism of nodules and cluster roots. Some known N and P signaling mechanisms include different factors, including phytohormones and miRNAs. The combination of the individual N and P mechanisms uncovers interactive regulation pathways that concur in nodules and cluster roots. L. albus interlinks N and P recycling processes both in the plant itself and in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Pueyo
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ICA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena E. Fedorova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Marleau JN, Peller T, Guichard F, Gonzalez A. Converting Ecological Currencies: Energy, Material, and Information Flows. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:1068-1077. [PMID: 32919798 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how the three currencies of life - energy, material, and information - interact is a key step towards synthesis in ecology and evolution. However, current theory focuses on the role of matter as a resource and energy, and typically ignores how the same matter can have other important effects as a carrier of information or modifier of the environment. Here we present the hypothesis that the dynamic conversion of matter by organisms among its three currencies mediates the structure and function of ecosystems, and that these effects can even supersede the effects of matter as a resource. Humans are changing the information in the environment and this is altering species interactions and flows of matter within and among ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin N Marleau
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Tianna Peller
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Lullfitz A, Pettersen C, Reynolds R(D, Eades A, Dean A, Knapp L, Woods E, Woods T, Eades E, Yorkshire-Selby G, Woods S, Dortch J, Guilfoyle D, Hopper SD. The Noongar of south-western Australia: a case study of long-term biodiversity conservation in a matrix of old and young landscapes. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Occurring across all southern hemisphere continents except Antarctica, old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) are centres of biological richness, often in biodiversity hotspots. Among a matrix of young, often disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs), OCBILs are centres of endemism and diversity in the exceptionally rich flora of the south-west Australian global biodiversity hotspot, home to Noongar peoples for ≥ 48 000 years. We analysed contemporary traditional Noongar knowledge of adjacent OCBILs (e.g. granite outcrops) and YODFELs (e.g. creekline fringes) both at a single site and in two larger areas to test whether patterns of disturbance dictated by Noongar custom align with OCBIL theory. We found that Noongar traditional knowledge reflects a regime of concentrated YODFEL rather than OCBIL disturbance—a pattern which aligns with maximal biodiversity preservation. SIMPER testing found traditional Noongar OCBIL and YODFEL activities are 64–75% dissimilar, whereas Pearson’s chi-square tests revealed camping, burning, travelling through country and hunting as primarily YODFEL rather than OCBIL activities. We found that Noongar activities usually avoid OCBIL disturbance. This combined with high floristic diversity following enduring First Peoples’ presence, suggests that traditional Noongar knowledge is valuable and necessary for south-west Australian biodiversity conservation. Similar cultural investigations in other OCBIL-dominated global biodiversity hotspots may prove profitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Lullfitz
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Carol Pettersen
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Ron (Doc) Reynolds
- Esperance Tjaltjraak Native Title Aboriginal Corporation, Esperance, WA, Australia
| | - Aden Eades
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Averil Dean
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Lynette Knapp
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Eliza Woods
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Treasy Woods
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Eades
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Gail Yorkshire-Selby
- Esperance Tjaltjraak Native Title Aboriginal Corporation, Esperance, WA, Australia
| | - Steven Woods
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Joe Dortch
- Centre for Rock Art Research and Management, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Stephen D Hopper
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
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21
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Ferreiro N, Satti P, Castán E, Álvarez Soria L, Mazzarino MJ. LupinuspolyphyllusLindl. and Rumex acetosellaL. effects on nutrient accumulation and microbial activity on tephra from the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption (2011). AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ferreiro
- Grupo de Suelos; INIBIOMA (UNCOMA-CONICET); Quintral 1250 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro 8400 Argentina
| | - Patricia Satti
- Grupo de Suelos; INIBIOMA (UNCOMA-CONICET); Quintral 1250 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro 8400 Argentina
| | - Elisa Castán
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (UNRN); Viedma Argentina
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22
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Meier IC, Tückmantel T, Heitkötter J, Müller K, Preusser S, Wrobel TJ, Kandeler E, Marschner B, Leuschner C. Root exudation of mature beech forests across a nutrient availability gradient: the role of root morphology and fungal activity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:583-594. [PMID: 31868933 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Root exudation is a key plant function with a large influence on soil organic matter dynamics and plant-soil feedbacks in forest ecosystems. Yet despite its importance, the main ecological drivers of root exudation in mature forest trees remain to be identified. During two growing seasons, we analyzed the dependence of in situ collected root exudates on root morphology, soil chemistry and nutrient availability in six mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests on a broad range of bedrock types. Root morphology was a major driver of root exudation across the nutrient availability gradient. A doubling of specific root length exponentially increased exudation rates of mature trees by c. 5-fold. Root exudation was also closely negatively related to soil pH and nitrogen (N) availability. At acidic and N-poor sites, where fungal biomass was reduced, exudation rates were c. 3-fold higher than at N- and base-richer sites and correlated negatively with the activity of enzymes degrading less bioavailable carbon (C) and N in the bulk soil. We conclude that root exudation increases on highly acidic, N-poor soils, in which fungal activity is reduced and a greater portion of the assimilated plant C is shifted to the external ecosystem C cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina C Meier
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Timo Tückmantel
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julian Heitkötter
- Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Institute of Geography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Karolin Müller
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Department, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sebastian Preusser
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Department, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas J Wrobel
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Department, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernd Marschner
- Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Institute of Geography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Leuschner
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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23
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Preece C, Peñuelas J. A Return to the Wild: Root Exudates and Food Security. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:14-21. [PMID: 31648938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Challenges to food security under conditions of global change are forcing us to increase global crop production. Focussing on belowground plant traits, especially root exudation, has great promise to meet this challenge. Root exudation is the release of a vast array of compounds into the soil. These exudates are involved in many biotic and abiotic interactions. Wild relatives of crops provide a large potential source of information and genetic material and have desirable traits that could be incorporated into modern breeding programs. However, root exudates are currently underexploited. Here, we highlight how the traits of root exudates of crop wild relatives could be used to improve agricultural output and reduce environmental impacts, particularly by decreasing our dependence on pesticides and fertilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Preece
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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24
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Robles-Aguilar AA, Grunert O, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Mysara M, Meers E, Boon N, Jablonowski ND. Effect of Applying Struvite and Organic N as Recovered Fertilizers on the Rhizosphere Dynamics and Cultivation of Lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:572741. [PMID: 33329631 PMCID: PMC7717983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.572741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Intensive agriculture and horticulture heavily rely on the input of fertilizers to sustain food (and feed) production. However, high carbon footprint and pollution are associated with the mining processes of P and K, and the artificial nitrogen fixation for the production of synthetic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers or recovered nutrients from different waste sources can be used to reduce the environmental impact of fertilizers. We tested two recovered nutrients with slow-release patterns as promising alternatives for synthetic fertilizers: struvite and a commercially available organic fertilizer. Using these fertilizers as a nitrogen source, we conducted a rhizotron experiment to test their effect on plant performance and nutrient recovery in lupine plants. Plant performance was not affected by the fertilizer applied; however, N recovery was higher from the organic fertilizer than from struvite. As root architecture is fundamental for plant productivity, variations in root structure and length as a result of soil nutrient availability driven by plant-bacteria interactions were compared showing also no differences between fertilizers. However, fertilized plants were considerably different in the root length and morphology compared with the no fertilized plants. Since the microbial community influences plant nitrogen availability, we characterized the root-associated microbial community structure and functionality. Analyses revealed that the fertilizer applied had a significant impact on the associations and functionality of the bacteria inhabiting the growing medium used. The type of fertilizer significantly influenced the interindividual dissimilarities in the most abundant genera between treatments. This means that different plant species have a distinct effect on modulating the associated microbial community, but in the case of lupine, the fertilizer had a bigger effect than the plant itself. These novel insights on interactions between recovered fertilizers, plant, and associated microbes can contribute to developing sustainable crop production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana A. Robles-Aguilar
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Oliver Grunert
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Greenyard Horticulture, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emma Hernandez-Sanabria
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, VIB – KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Unit of Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, StudieCentrum voor Kernenergie⋅Centre d’étude de l’Energie Nucléaire (SCK⋅CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erik Meers
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Nico Boon,
| | - Nicolai D. Jablonowski
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
- Nicolai D. Jablonowski,
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25
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Tsakalos JL, Renton M, Riviera F, Veneklaas EJ, Dobrowolski MP, Mucina L. Trait-based formal definition of plant functional types and functional communities in the multi-species and multi-traits context. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Fajardo A, Piper FI. Cluster root-bearing Proteaceae species show a competitive advantage over non-cluster root-bearing species. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:1121-1131. [PMID: 31332426 PMCID: PMC7145645 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cluster roots (CRs) constitute a special root adaptation that enables plants to take up nutrients, especially phosphorus (P), from soils with low nutrient availability, including recent volcanic deposits. It is unclear, however, how CR species interact with non-cluster root-bearing (NCR) species, and how substrates' fertility modulates potential interactions. METHODS We experimentally assessed the net interaction between CR and NCR species using two substrates of contrasting fertility: nutrient-rich nursery mix and tephra (low P availability). We planted seedlings of two southern South American (SSA) Proteaceae, CR species and two NCR Nothofagus species in pairs (conspecifics and heterospecifics) and as singles. We analysed the effect of seedling neighbours on survival, growth performance (e.g. total biomass and leaf area) and leaf and substrate nutrient concentrations (including manganese, a proxy for P-acquisition efficiency through CR activity) using the relative interaction index. KEY RESULTS After three growing seasons, we found that (1) Proteaceae species had fewer CRs and lower CR biomass and grew less in the tephra than in the nursery substrate; (2) Nothofagus species did not improve their survival and growth in the presence of Proteaceae species in any substrate; (3) contrary to Nothofagus, Proteaceae species improved their growth more when planted with any neighbour (including conspecifics) than when planted alone, which was accompanied by a significant accretion of leaf P; and (4) the presence of a neighbour increased the final nitrogen and P concentrations in the nursery substrate, regardless of species identity. CONCLUSIONS CRs provide Proteaceae a competitive advantage over NCR species at the seedling stage, which may have important consequences for species coexistence and community structuring. The investigated SSA Proteaceae, which have not evolved in nutrient-impoverished soils, as have their relatives in south-western Australia and South Africa, improve their growth when cultivated in pairs, especially in nutrient-rich substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fajardo
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | - Frida I Piper
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
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27
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White PJ. Root traits benefitting crop production in environments with limited water and nutrient availability. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:mcz162. [PMID: 31599920 PMCID: PMC6881216 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breeding for advantageous root traits will play a fundamental role in improving the efficiency of water and nutrient acquisition, closing yield gaps, and underpinning the "Evergreen Revolution" that must match crop production with human demand. SCOPE This preface provides an overview of a Special Issue of Annals of Botany on "Root traits benefitting crop production in environments with limited water and nutrient availability". The first papers in the Special Issue examine how breeding for reduced shoot stature and greater harvest index during the Green Revolution affected root system architecture. It is observed that reduced plant height and root architecture are inherited independently and can be improved simultaneously to increase the acquisition and utilisation of carbon, water and mineral nutrients. These insights are followed by papers examining beneficial root traits for resource acquisition in environments with limited water or nutrient availability, such as deep rooting, control of hydraulic conductivity, formation of aerenchyma, proliferation of lateral roots and root hairs, foraging of nutrient-rich patches, manipulation of rhizosphere pH and the exudation of low molecular weight organic solutes. The Special Issue concludes with papers exploring the interactions of plant roots and microorganisms, highlighting the need for plants to control the symbiotic relationships between mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia to achieve maximal growth, and the roles of plants and microbes in the modification and development of soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J White
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Billault-Penneteau B, Sandré A, Folgmann J, Parniske M, Pawlowski K. Dryas as a Model for Studying the Root Symbioses of the Rosaceae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:661. [PMID: 31214211 PMCID: PMC6558151 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis is restricted to four plant orders: Fabales (legumes), Fagales, Cucurbitales and Rosales (Elaeagnaceae, Rhamnaceae, and Rosaceae). Interestingly all of the Rosaceae genera confirmed to contain nodulating species (i.e., Cercocarpus, Chamaebatia, Dryas, and Purshia) belong to a single subfamily, the Dryadoideae. The Dryas genus is particularly interesting from an evolutionary perspective because it contains closely related nodulating (Dryas drummondii) and non-nodulating species (Dryas octopetala). The close phylogenetic relationship between these two species makes Dryas an ideal model genus to study the genetic basis of nodulation by whole genome comparison and classical genetics. Therefore, we established methods for plant cultivation, transformation and DNA extraction for these species. We optimized seed surface sterilization and germination methods and tested growth protocols ranging from pots and Petri dishes to a hydroponic system. Transgenic hairy roots were obtained by adapting Agrobacterium rhizogenes-based transformation protocols for Dryas species. We compared several DNA extraction protocols for their suitability for subsequent molecular biological analysis. Using CTAB extraction, reproducible PCRs could be performed, but CsCl gradient purification was essential to obtain DNA in sufficient purity for high quality de novo genome sequencing of both Dryas species. Altogether, we established a basic toolkit for the culture, transient transformation and genetic analysis of Dryas sp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Sandré
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jessica Folgmann
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martin Parniske
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Katharina Pawlowski
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Prodhan MA, Finnegan PM, Lambers H. How Does Evolution in Phosphorus-Impoverished Landscapes Impact Plant Nitrogen and Sulfur Assimilation? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:69-82. [PMID: 30522809 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) fertilisers, made from rock phosphate, are used to attain high crop yields. However, rock phosphate is a finite resource and excessive P fertilisers pollute our environment, stressing the need for more P-efficient crops. Some Proteaceae have evolved in extremely P-impoverished environments. One of their adaptations is to curtail the abundance of ribosomal RNA, and thus protein, and tightly control the acquisition and assimilation of nitrogen (N) and sulfur. This differs fundamentally from plants that evolved in environments where N limits plant productivity, but is likely common in many species that evolved in P-impoverished landscapes. Here, we scrutinise the relevance of these responses towards developing P-efficient crops, focusing on plant species where 'P is in the driver's seat'.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asaduzzaman Prodhan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Patrick M Finnegan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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30
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da Silva Coutinho Detmann K, de Souza Leite T, de Oliveira Neto RR, Delgado MN, Rebello VPA, Azevedo AA, Kasuya MCM, Selosse MA, de Almeida AM. Arbuscular mycorrhizae and absence of cluster roots in the Brazilian Proteaceae Roupala montana Aubl. Symbiosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-018-0581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Bilal HM, Aziz T, Maqsood MA, Farooq M, Yan G. Categorization of wheat genotypes for phosphorus efficiency. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205471. [PMID: 30332479 PMCID: PMC6192622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of phosphorus efficient crop cultivars can increase food productivity and decrease environmental pollution. Categorization of existing germplasm is a prerequisite to develop P efficient crop cultivars. For first experiment, 30 wheat genotypes were grown in hydroponics with two P levels (i.e., deficit, 20 μm KH2PO4 and adequate, 200 μm KH2PO4). Genotypes differed significantly for various P efficiency parameters. Two genotypes (Dirk and Bhakkar-02) showed < 25% decrease in growth at P deficiency. Genotype Seher-06 proved to be inefficient. Twelve selected genotypes based on the first experiment were sown in soil with two P levels (0 and 30 mg P kg-1) till maturity. As expected, genotypes differed for grain yield at both P levels. The efficient cultivars selected on the basis of both absolute and relative dry matter production at both P levels such as Dirk. Genotypes were grouped into three, four and nine classes on the basis of various parameters for P efficiency as proposed by different researchers. Most genotypes behaved in a similar fashion by different categorization methods and also at different P supply. The method to categorize the genotypes into three classes and plotting them into 9 classes proposed by Gill and his coworkers, is the best to differentiate the minor differences in genotypes. At least three different parameters at both P regimes should be used. The parameters may vary as per objectives of the study and/or growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Muhammad Aamer Maqsood
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Oman
| | - Guijun Yan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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32
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Rundel PW, Arroyo MTK, Cowling RM, Keeley JE, Lamont BB, Pausas JG, Vargas P. Fire and Plant Diversification in Mediterranean-Climate Regions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:851. [PMID: 30018621 PMCID: PMC6038726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of broad interest in global patterns of biodiversity, little attention has been given to understanding the remarkable levels of plant diversity present in the world's five Mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions, all of which are considered to be biodiversity hotspots. Comprising the Mediterranean Basin, California, central Chile, the Cape Region of South Africa, and southwestern Australia, these regions share the unusual climatic regime of mild wet winters and warm dry summers. Despite their small extent, covering only about 2.2% of world land area, these regions are home to approximately one-sixth of the world vascular plant flora. The onset of MTCs in the middle Miocene brought summer drought, a novel climatic condition, but also a regime of recurrent fire. Fire has been a significant agent of selection in assembling the modern floras of four of the five MTC regions, with central Chile an exception following the uplift of the Andes in the middle Miocene. Selection for persistence in a fire-prone environment as a key causal factor for species diversification in MTC regions has been under-appreciated or ignored. Mechanisms for fire-driven speciation are diverse and may include both directional (novel traits) and stabilizing selection (retained traits) for appropriate morphological and life-history traits. Both museum and nursery hypotheses have important relevance in explaining the extant species richness of the MTC floras, with fire as a strong stimulant for diversification in a manner distinct from other temperate floras. Spatial and temporal niche separation across topographic, climatic and edaphic gradients has occurred in all five regions. The Mediterranean Basin, California, and central Chile are seen as nurseries for strong but not spectacular rates of Neogene diversification, while the older landscapes of southwestern Australia and the Cape Region show significant components of both Paleogene and younger Neogene speciation in their diversity. Low rates of extinction suggesting a long association with fire more than high rates of speciation have been key to the extant levels of species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip W. Rundel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mary T. K. Arroyo
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Richard M. Cowling
- African Centre for Coastal Palaeoscience, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Jon E. Keeley
- Sequoia Field Station, Western Ecological Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States
| | - Byron B. Lamont
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Juli G. Pausas
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, University of Valencia, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Vargas
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Dissanayaka DMSB, Plaxton WC, Lambers H, Siebers M, Marambe B, Wasaki J. Molecular mechanisms underpinning phosphorus-use efficiency in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1483-1496. [PMID: 29520969 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Orthophosphate (H2 PO4- , Pi) is an essential macronutrient integral to energy metabolism as well as a component of membrane lipids, nucleic acids, including ribosomal RNA, and therefore essential for protein synthesis. The Pi concentration in the solution of most soils worldwide is usually far too low for maximum growth of crops, including rice. This has prompted the massive use of inefficient, polluting, and nonrenewable phosphorus (P) fertilizers in agriculture. We urgently need alternative and more sustainable approaches to decrease agriculture's dependence on Pi fertilizers. These include manipulating crops by (a) enhancing the ability of their roots to acquire limiting Pi from the soil (i.e. increased P-acquisition efficiency) and/or (b) increasing the total biomass/yield produced per molecule of Pi acquired from the soil (i.e. increased P-use efficiency). Improved P-use efficiency may be achieved by producing high-yielding plants with lower P concentrations or by improving the remobilization of acquired P within the plant so as to maximize growth and biomass allocation to developing organs. Membrane lipid remodelling coupled with hydrolysis of RNA and smaller P-esters in senescing organs fuels P remobilization in rice, the world's most important cereal crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M S B Dissanayaka
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Meike Siebers
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Buddhi Marambe
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Jun Wasaki
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
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34
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Delgado M, Valle S, Reyes-Díaz M, Barra PJ, Zúñiga-Feest A. Nutrient Use Efficiency of Southern South America Proteaceae Species. Are there General Patterns in the Proteaceae Family? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:883. [PMID: 29997642 PMCID: PMC6030812 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants from the Proteaceae family can thrive in old, impoverished soil with extremely low phosphorus (P) content, such as those typically found in South Western Australia (SWA) and South Africa. The South Western (SW) Australian Proteaceae species have developed strategies to deal with P scarcity, such as the high capacity to re-mobilize P from senescent to young leaves and the efficient use of P for carbon fixation. In Southern South America, six Proteaceae species grow in younger soils than those of SWA, with a wide variety of climatic and edaphic conditions. However, strategies in the nutrient use efficiency of Southern South (SS) American Proteaceae species growing in their natural ecosystems remain widely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate nutrient resorption efficiency and the photosynthetic nutrients use efficiency by SS American Proteaceae species, naturally growing in different sites along a very extensive latitudinal gradient. Mature and senescent leaves of the six SS American Proteaceae species (Embothrium coccineum, Gevuina avellana, Orites myrtoidea Lomatia hirsuta, L. ferruginea, and L. dentata), as well as, soil samples were collected in nine sites from southern Chile and were subjected to chemical analyses. Nutrient resorption (P and nitrogen) efficiency in leaves was estimated in all species inhabiting the nine sites evaluated, whereas, the photosynthetic P use efficiency (PPUE) and photosynthetic nitrogen (N) use efficiency (PNUE) per leaf unit were determined in two sites with contrasting nutrient availability. Our study exhibit for the first time a data set related to nutrient use efficiency in the leaves of the six SS American Proteaceae, revealing that for all species and sites, P and N resorption efficiencies were on average 47.7 and 50.6%, respectively. No correlation was found between leaf nutrient (P and N) resorption efficiency and soil attributes. Further, different responses in PPUE and PNUE were found among species and, contrary to our expectations, a higher nutrient use efficiency in the nutrient poorest soil was not found. We conclude that SS American Proteaceae species did not show a general pattern in the nutrient use efficiency among them neither with others Proteaceae species reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Delgado
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Suelos Volcánicos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Susana Valle
- Centro de Investigación en Suelos Volcánicos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Ingeniería Agraria y Suelos, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricio J. Barra
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Alejandra Zúñiga-Feest
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Suelos Volcánicos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Hayes PE, Clode PL, Oliveira RS, Lambers H. Proteaceae from phosphorus-impoverished habitats preferentially allocate phosphorus to photosynthetic cells: An adaptation improving phosphorus-use efficiency. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:605-619. [PMID: 29314084 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants allocate nutrients to specific leaf cell types; eudicots are thought to predominantly allocate phosphorus (P) to epidermal/bundle sheath cells. However, three Proteaceae species have been shown to preferentially allocate P to mesophyll cells instead. These Proteaceae species are highly adapted to P-impoverished habitats, with exceptionally high photosynthetic P-use efficiencies (PPUE). We hypothesized that preferential allocation of P to photosynthetic mesophyll cells is an important trait in species adapted to extremely P-impoverished habitats, contributing to their high PPUE. We used elemental X-ray mapping to determine leaf cell-specific nutrient concentrations for 12 Proteaceae species, from habitats of strongly contrasting soil P concentrations, in Australia, Brazil, and Chile. We found that only species from extremely P-impoverished habitats preferentially allocated P to photosynthetic mesophyll cells, suggesting it has evolved as an adaptation to their extremely P-impoverished habitat and that it is not a family-wide trait. Our results highlight the possible role of soil P in driving the evolution of ecologically relevant nutrient allocation patterns and that these patterns cannot be generalized across families. Furthermore, preferential allocation of P to photosynthetic cells may provide new and exciting strategies to improve PPUE in crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Hayes
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Peta L Clode
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Rafael S Oliveira
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Phosphorus allocation and phosphatase activity in grasses with different growth rates. Oecologia 2018; 186:633-643. [PMID: 29332147 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different growth rates of grasses from South American natural grasslands are adaptations to soils of low fertility. Grasses with fast growth rate are species with an accumulation of nutrients in soluble forms, with a high metabolic rate. This work aimed to study whether grasses with different growth rates have different phosphorus (P) uptake and efficiency of P use with high and low P availability in soil, as well as whether phosphatase activity is related to the species growth rate and variations in P biochemical forms in the tissues. Three native grasses (Axonopus affinis, Paspalum notatum, and Andropogon lateralis) were grown in pots with soil. Along plant growth, biomass production and its structural components were measured, as well as leaf acid phosphatase activity and leaf P chemical fractions. At 40 days of growth, leaf acid phosphatase activity declined by about 20-30% with an increase of P availability in soil for A. affinis and P. notatum, respectively. Under both soil P levels, P. notatum showed the highest plant total biomass, leaf dry weight and highest P use efficiency. A. affinis presented the higher P uptake efficiency and soluble organic P concentration in the leaf tissues. A. lateralis showed P-Lipid concentration 1.6 and 1.3 times higher than A. affinis and P. notatum, respectively. In conclusion, acid phosphatase activity in grass of higher growth rate is related to higher remobilization of P due to higher demand, as in A. affinis, and higher growth rates are associated with higher P uptake efficiency.
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Jaillard B, Richon C, Deleporte P, Loreau M, Violle C. An a posteriori species clustering for quantifying the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning. Methods Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Jaillard
- UMR1222 Ecologie fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des Sols et Agrosystèmes (Eco&Sols)INRA Montpellier France
| | - Camille Richon
- UMR1222 Ecologie fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des Sols et Agrosystèmes (Eco&Sols)INRA Montpellier France
| | - Philippe Deleporte
- UMR1222 Ecologie fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des Sols et Agrosystèmes (Eco&Sols)CIRAD Montpellier France
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology StationCNRS and Paul Sabatier University Moulis France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- UMR 5175Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE)CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul Valéry – EPHE Montpellier France
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Prodhan MA, Jost R, Watanabe M, Hoefgen R, Lambers H, Finnegan PM. Tight control of sulfur assimilation: an adaptive mechanism for a plant from a severely phosphorus-impoverished habitat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:1068-1079. [PMID: 28656667 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae) has evolved in extremely phosphorus (P)-impoverished habitats. Unlike species that evolved in P-richer environments, it tightly controls its nitrogen (N) acquisition, matching its low protein concentration, and thus limiting its P requirement for ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Protein is a major sink for sulfur (S), but the link between low protein concentrations and S metabolism in H. prostrata is unknown, although this is pivotal for understanding this species' supreme adaptation to P-impoverished soils. Plants were grown at different sulfate supplies for 5 wk and used for nutrient and metabolite analyses. Total S content in H. prostrata was unchanged with increasing S supply, in sharp contrast with species that typically evolved in environments where P is not a major limiting nutrient. Unlike H. prostrata, other plants typically store excess available sulfate in vacuoles. Like other species, S-starved H. prostrata accumulated arginine, lysine and O-acetylserine, indicating S deficiency. Hakea prostrata tightly controls its S acquisition to match its low protein concentration and low demand for rRNA, and thus P, the largest organic P pool in leaves. We conclude that the tight control of S acquisition, like that of N, helps H. prostrata to survive in P-impoverished environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asaduzzaman Prodhan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ricarda Jost
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Patrick M Finnegan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Yuan ZY, Jiao F, Shi XR, Sardans J, Maestre FT, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Reich PB, Peñuelas J. Experimental and observational studies find contrasting responses of soil nutrients to climate change. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28570219 PMCID: PMC5453695 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulative experiments and observations along environmental gradients, the two most common approaches to evaluate the impacts of climate change on nutrient cycling, are generally assumed to produce similar results, but this assumption has rarely been tested. We did so by conducting a meta-analysis and found that soil nutrients responded differentially to drivers of climate change depending on the approach considered. Soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations generally decreased with water addition in manipulative experiments but increased with annual precipitation along environmental gradients. Different patterns were also observed between warming experiments and temperature gradients. Our findings provide evidence of inconsistent results and suggest that manipulative experiments may be better predictors of the causal impacts of short-term (months to years) climate change on soil nutrients but environmental gradients may provide better information for long-term correlations (centuries to millennia) between these nutrients and climatic features. Ecosystem models should consequently incorporate both experimental and observational data to properly assess the impacts of climate change on nutrient cycling. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23255.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling, China
| | - F Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling, China
| | - X R Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Peter B Reich
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, Australia.,Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, United States
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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40
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Prodhan MA, Jost R, Watanabe M, Hoefgen R, Lambers H, Finnegan PM. Tight control of nitrate acquisition in a plant species that evolved in an extremely phosphorus-impoverished environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2754-2761. [PMID: 27766648 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae) has evolved in an extremely phosphorus (P)-limited environment. This species exhibits an exceptionally low ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and low protein and nitrogen (N) concentration in its leaves. Little is known about the N requirement of this species and its link to P metabolism, despite this being the key to understanding how it functions with a minimal P budget. H. prostrata plants were grown with various N supplies. Metabolite and elemental analyses were performed to determine its N requirement. H. prostrata maintained its organ N content and concentration at a set point, independent of a 25-fold difference nitrate supplies. This is in sharp contrast to plants that are typically studied, which take up and store excess nitrate. Plants grown without nitrate had lower leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, indicating N deficiency. However, H. prostrata plants at low or high nitrate availability had the same photosynthetic pigment levels and hence were not physiologically compromised by the treatments. The tight control of nitrate acquisition in H. prostrata retains protein at a very low level, which results in a low demand for rRNA and P. We surmise that the constrained nitrate acquisition is an adaptation to severely P-impoverished soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asaduzzaman Prodhan
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Ricarda Jost
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, D-14476, Germany
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, D-14476, Germany
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Patrick M Finnegan
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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41
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Positive responses of coastal dune plants to soil conditioning by the invasive Lupinus nootkatensis. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Medlyn BE, De Kauwe MG, Zaehle S, Walker AP, Duursma RA, Luus K, Mishurov M, Pak B, Smith B, Wang YP, Yang X, Crous KY, Drake JE, Gimeno TE, Macdonald CA, Norby RJ, Power SA, Tjoelker MG, Ellsworth DS. Using models to guide field experiments: a priori predictions for the CO2 response of a nutrient- and water-limited native Eucalypt woodland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2834-51. [PMID: 26946185 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The response of terrestrial ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca ), particularly under nutrient-limited conditions, is a major uncertainty in Earth System models. The Eucalyptus Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (EucFACE) experiment, recently established in a nutrient- and water-limited woodland presents a unique opportunity to address this uncertainty, but can best do so if key model uncertainties have been identified in advance. We applied seven vegetation models, which have previously been comprehensively assessed against earlier forest FACE experiments, to simulate a priori possible outcomes from EucFACE. Our goals were to provide quantitative projections against which to evaluate data as they are collected, and to identify key measurements that should be made in the experiment to allow discrimination among alternative model assumptions in a postexperiment model intercomparison. Simulated responses of annual net primary productivity (NPP) to elevated Ca ranged from 0.5 to 25% across models. The simulated reduction of NPP during a low-rainfall year also varied widely, from 24 to 70%. Key processes where assumptions caused disagreement among models included nutrient limitations to growth; feedbacks to nutrient uptake; autotrophic respiration; and the impact of low soil moisture availability on plant processes. Knowledge of the causes of variation among models is now guiding data collection in the experiment, with the expectation that the experimental data can optimally inform future model improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda E Medlyn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Martin G De Kauwe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sönke Zaehle
- Biogeochemical Integration Department, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anthony P Walker
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Remko A Duursma
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Kristina Luus
- Biogeochemical Integration Department, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Mikhail Mishurov
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 22362, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bernard Pak
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1, Aspendale, Vic., 3195, Australia
| | - Benjamin Smith
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 22362, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Private Bag 1, Aspendale, Vic., 3195, Australia
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Kristine Y Crous
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - John E Drake
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Teresa E Gimeno
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- ISPA, Bordeaux Science Agro, INRA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Catriona A Macdonald
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Richard J Norby
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Sally A Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Mark G Tjoelker
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Hasegawa S, Macdonald CA, Power SA. Elevated carbon dioxide increases soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability in a phosphorus-limited Eucalyptus woodland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:1628-43. [PMID: 26546164 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments have demonstrated increased plant productivity in response to elevated (e)CO2, with the magnitude of responses related to soil nutrient status. Whilst understanding nutrient constraints on productivity responses to eCO2 is crucial for predicting carbon uptake and storage, very little is known about how eCO2 affects nutrient cycling in phosphorus (P)-limited ecosystems. Our study investigates eCO2 effects on soil N and P dynamics at the EucFACE experiment in Western Sydney over an 18-month period. Three ambient and three eCO2 (+150 ppm) FACE rings were installed in a P-limited, mature Cumberland Plain Eucalyptus woodland. Levels of plant accessible nutrients, evaluated using ion exchange resins, were increased under eCO2, compared to ambient, for nitrate (+93%), ammonium (+12%) and phosphate (+54%). There was a strong seasonality to responses, particularly for phosphate, resulting in a relatively greater stimulation in available P, compared to N, under eCO2 in spring and summer. eCO2 was also associated with faster nutrient turnover rates in the first six months of the experiment, with higher N (+175%) and P (+211%) mineralization rates compared to ambient rings, although this difference did not persist. Seasonally dependant effects of eCO2 were seen for concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in soil solution (+31%), and there was also a reduction in bulk soil pH (-0.18 units) observed under eCO2. These results demonstrate that CO2 fertilization increases nutrient availability - particularly for phosphate - in P-limited soils, likely via increased plant belowground investment in labile carbon and associated enhancement of microbial turnover of organic matter and mobilization of chemically bound P. Early evidence suggests that there is the potential for the observed increases in P availability to support increased ecosystem C-accumulation under future predicted CO2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Hasegawa
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Catriona A Macdonald
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Sally A Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Albornoz FE, Lambers H, Turner BL, Teste FP, Laliberté E. Shifts in symbiotic associations in plants capable of forming multiple root symbioses across a long-term soil chronosequence. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2368-77. [PMID: 27066229 PMCID: PMC4782245 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in soil nutrient availability during long-term ecosystem development influence the relative abundances of plant species with different nutrient-acquisition strategies. These changes in strategies are observed at the community level, but whether they also occur within individual species remains unknown. Plant species forming multiple root symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, and nitrogen-(N) fixing microorganisms provide valuable model systems to examine edaphic controls on symbioses related to nutrient acquisition, while simultaneously controlling for plant host identity. We grew two co-occurring species, Acacia rostellifera (N2-fixing and dual AM and ECM symbioses) and Melaleuca systena (AM and ECM dual symbioses), in three soils of contrasting ages (c. 0.1, 1, and 120 ka) collected along a long-term dune chronosequence in southwestern Australia. The soils differ in the type and strength of nutrient limitation, with primary productivity being limited by N (0.1 ka), co-limited by N and phosphorus (P) (1 ka), and by P (120 ka). We hypothesized that (i) within-species root colonization shifts from AM to ECM with increasing soil age, and that (ii) nodulation declines with increasing soil age, reflecting the shift from N to P limitation along the chronosequence. In both species, we observed a shift from AM to ECM root colonization with increasing soil age. In addition, nodulation in A. rostellifera declined with increasing soil age, consistent with a shift from N to P limitation. Shifts from AM to ECM root colonization reflect strengthening P limitation and an increasing proportion of total soil P in organic forms in older soils. This might occur because ECM fungi can access organic P via extracellular phosphatases, while AM fungi do not use organic P. Our results show that plants can shift their resource allocation to different root symbionts depending on nutrient availability during ecosystem development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe E. Albornoz
- School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley (Perth)WA6009Australia
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley (Perth)WA6009Australia
| | - Benjamin L. Turner
- School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley (Perth)WA6009Australia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteApartado 0843‐03092, BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama
| | - François P. Teste
- School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley (Perth)WA6009Australia
- Grupo de Estudios AmbientalesIMASL‐CONICET & Universidad Nacional de San LuisAv. Ejercito de los Andes 950 (5700)San LuisArgentina
| | - Etienne Laliberté
- School of Plant BiologyThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley (Perth)WA6009Australia
- Département de Sciences biologiquesInstitut de Recherche en Biologie VégétaleUniversité de Montréal4101 Sherbrooke EstMontréalQCH1X 2B2Canada
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Krüger M, Teste FP, Laliberté E, Lambers H, Coghlan M, Zemunik G, Bunce M. The rise and fall of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity during ecosystem retrogression. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:4912-30. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Krüger
- Institute of Botany; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Zámek 1 CZ-252 43 Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - François P. Teste
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Grupo de Estudios Ambientales; IMASL-CONICET & Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Av. Ejercito de los Andes 950 (5700) San Luis Argentina
| | - Etienne Laliberté
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale; Département de sciences biologiques; Université de Montréal; 4101 Sherbrooke Est Montréal QC H1X 2B2 Canada
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Megan Coghlan
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory; Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Kent Street Perth WA 6845 Australia
| | - Graham Zemunik
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Apartado 0843-03092 Balboa Ancon Republic of Panama
| | - Michael Bunce
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory; Department of Environment and Agriculture; Curtin University; Kent Street Perth WA 6845 Australia
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46
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Lambers H, Finnegan PM, Jost R, Plaxton WC, Shane MW, Stitt M. Phosphorus nutrition in Proteaceae and beyond. NATURE PLANTS 2015; 1:15109. [PMID: 27250542 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteaceae in southwestern Australia have evolved on some of the most phosphorus-impoverished soils in the world. They exhibit a range of traits that allow them to both acquire and utilize phosphorus highly efficiently. This is in stark contrast with many model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and crop species, which evolved on soils where nitrogen is the major limiting nutrient. When exposed to low phosphorus availability, these plants typically exhibit phosphorus-starvation responses, whereas Proteaceae do not. This Review explores the traits that account for the very high efficiency of acquisition and use of phosphorus in Proteaceae, and explores which of these traits are promising for improving the phosphorus efficiency of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lambers
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - P M Finnegan
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - R Jost
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - W C Plaxton
- Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M W Shane
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - M Stitt
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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47
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Wang Z, Shen J, Ludewig U, Neumann G. A re-assessment of sucrose signaling involved in cluster-root formation and function in phosphate-deficient white lupin (Lupinus albus). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2015; 154:407-19. [PMID: 25412792 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Apart from substrate functions, a signaling role of sucrose in root growth regulation is well established. This raised the question whether sucrose signals might also be involved in formation of cluster-roots (CRs) under phosphate (Pi) limitation, mediating exudation of phosphorus (P)-mobilizing root exudates, e.g. in Lupinus albus and members of the Proteaceae. Earlier studies demonstrated that CR formation in L. albus was mimicked to some extent by external application of high sucrose concentrations (25 mM) in the presence of extremely high P supply (1-10 mM), usually suppressing CR formation. In this study, we re-addressed this question using an axenic hydroponic culture system with normal P supply (0.1 mM) and a range of sucrose applications (0.25-25 mM). The 2.5 mM sucrose concentration was comparable with internal sucrose levels in the zone of CR initiation in first-order laterals of P-deficient plants (3.4 mM) and induced the same CR morphology. Similar to earlier studies, high sucrose concentrations (25 mM) resulted in root thickening and inhibition of root elongation, associated with a 10-fold increase of the internal sucrose level. The sucrose analog palatinose and a combination of glucose/fructose failed to stimulate CR formation under P-sufficient conditions, demonstrating a signal function of sucrose and excluding osmotic or carbon source effects. In contrast to earlier findings, sucrose was able to induce CR formation but had no effect on CR functioning with respect to citrate exudation, in vitro activity and expression of genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, secretory acid phosphatase and MATE transporters, mediating P-mobilizing functions of CRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrui Wang
- Nutritional Crop Physiology (340h), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Jianbo Shen
- Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Nutritional Crop Physiology (340h), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
| | - Günter Neumann
- Nutritional Crop Physiology (340h), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany
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Reyes E, Morlon H, Sauquet H. Presence in Mediterranean hotspots and floral symmetry affect speciation and extinction rates in Proteaceae. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:401-410. [PMID: 25537140 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The Proteaceae is a large angiosperm family displaying the common pattern of uneven distribution of species among genera. Previous studies have shown that this disparity is a result of variation in diversification rates across lineages, but the reasons for this variation are still unclear. Here, we tested the impact of floral symmetry and occurrence in Mediterranean climate regions on speciation and extinction rates in the Proteaceae. A rate shift analysis was conducted on dated genus-level phylogenetic trees of the Proteaceae. Character-dependent analyses were used to test for differences in diversification rates between actinomorphic and zygomorphic lineages and between lineages located within or outside Mediterranean climate regions. The rate shift analysis identified 5-10 major diversification rate shifts in the Proteaceae tree. The character-dependent analyses showed that speciation rates, extinction rates and net diversification rates of the Proteaceae were significantly higher for lineages occurring in Mediterranean hotspots. Higher speciation and extinction rates were also detected for zygomorphic species, but net diversification rates appeared to be similar in actinomorphic and zygomorphic Proteaceae. Presence in Mediterranean hotspots favors Proteaceae diversification. In contrast with observations at the scale of angiosperms, floral symmetry is not a trait that strongly influences their evolutionary success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Reyes
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
- CMAP, École Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7641, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Hélène Morlon
- CMAP, École Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7641, Route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, France
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR 8197, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Sauquet
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
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Lambers H, Martinoia E, Renton M. Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 25:23-31. [PMID: 25912783 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lambers
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia.
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Renton
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Pant BD, Burgos A, Pant P, Cuadros-Inostroza A, Willmitzer L, Scheible WR. The transcription factor PHR1 regulates lipid remodeling and triacylglycerol accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana during phosphorus starvation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:1907-18. [PMID: 25680792 PMCID: PMC4378627 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid remodeling is one of the most dramatic metabolic responses to phosphorus (P) starvation. It consists of the degradation of phospholipids to release the phosphate needed by the cell and the accumulation of glycolipids to replace phospholipids in the membranes. It is shown that PHR1, a well-described transcriptional regulator of P starvation of the MYB family, largely controls this response. Glycerolipid composition and the expression of most lipid-remodeling gene transcripts analysed were altered in the phr1 mutant under phosphate starvation in comparison to wild-type plants. In addition to these results, the lipidomic characterization of wild-type plants showed two novel features of the lipid response to P starvation for Arabidopsis. Triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulates dramatically under P starvation (by as much as ~20-fold in shoots and ~13-fold in roots), a response known to occur in green algae but hardly known in plants. Surprisingly, there was an increase in phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in P-starved roots, a response that may be adaptive as it was suppressed in the phr1 mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikram Datt Pant
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Asdrubal Burgos
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Pooja Pant
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | | | - Lothar Willmitzer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Wolf-Rüdiger Scheible
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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