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Kim SA, Choi SK. Regional disparities in food security and depression among single-person households in the Republic of Korea. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2047. [PMID: 37858062 PMCID: PMC10588069 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-person households constitute over 40% of all households in the Republic of Korea and are more vulnerable to food insecurity and depression than multi-person households. There is a lack of research on examining whether regional characteristics are associated with the degree of food insecurity and depression among single-person households. This study aimed to examine the regional disparities in food security and depression among single-person households in the Republic of Korea. METHODS A total of 227,873 adults from the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey was included in the analysis. According to population density and poverty rate, the residence of the participants was classified into four regions: metropolitan areas with high population density were classified into areas with low poverty rates (Region 1) and high poverty rates (Region 2), and provinces with low population density were classified into areas with low poverty rates (Region 3) and high poverty rates (Region 4). Using a single item of household food security, those who had experienced a lack of food due to financial difficulties over the past year were classified as food insecure. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of food insecurity and depression according to regional characteristics were calculated after adjusting for potential confounding variables. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding variables, single-person households in regions with high population density, Regions 1 and 2, had 1.16 times (95% CI = 1.04-1.30) and 1.43 times (95% CI = 1.27-1.61) higher odds of food insecurity, respectively, compared to those in Region 4. Single-person households in regions with low poverty rates, Regions 1 and 3, had 1.54 times (95% CI = 1.34-1.77) and 1.21 times (95% CI = 1.01-1.46) higher odds of depression, respectively, than those in Region 4. Among those who lived alone, the middle-aged, having low income, receiving livelihood benefits, or having a low educational attainment had higher odds of experiencing both food insecurity and depression than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS As the risk of food insecurity and depression in single-person households differs according to regional characteristics, local governments need to implement policies for single-person households in consideration of these distinct characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Urban Society, The Seoul Institute, Seoul, 06756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ki Choi
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Park JC, Nam GE, Yu J, McWhorter KL, Liu J, Lee HS, Lee SS, Han K. Association of Sustained Low or High Income and Income Changes With Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Among Individuals Aged 30 to 64 Years. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2330024. [PMID: 37603333 PMCID: PMC10442710 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Evidence of the association between income fluctuation and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is scarce. Objective To investigate whether sustained low or high income and income changes are associated with incidence of T2D. Design, Setting, and Participants In this population-based cohort study, more than 7.8 million adults without T2D aged 30 to 64 years from a nationally representative sample from the Korean Health Insurance Service database were enrolled in 2012 and followed up to 2019 (median follow-up, 6.3 years [IQR, 6.1-6.6 years]). Exposures Twenty quantiles of monthly health insurance premiums determined income levels. Income quartiles were annually analyzed from 2008 to 2012. Beneficiaries of the Medical Aid Program were regarded as those with very low income. A decrease in income was indicated as a reduction of 25% or more in income compared with income in the previous year. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was incident T2D based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes E11 to E14, 1 or more claims of antidiabetic medication, or a fasting glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of low- or high-income status and income changes with incidence of T2D. Results Of 7 821 227 participants (mean [SD] age, 46.4 [9.3] years; 54.9% men), 359 931 (4.6%) developed T2D at least 1 year after enrollment. Individuals who repeatedly experienced low and very low income for 5 years showed 22% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22 [95% CI, 1.21-1.23]) and 57% (1.57 [95% CI, 1.53-1.62]) higher T2D risk compared with those who never experienced low and very low income, respectively. In contrast, individuals who were repeatedly in high-income quartiles showed lower T2D risk compared with those who never experienced high income (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.85-0.86]). The number of income decreases was associated with elevated T2D risk (≥2 vs 0 income decreases: HR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.06-1.11]; P < .001 for trend). When income quartile status was compared between 2008 and 2012, individuals who experienced an income increase had lowered T2D risk, while those who experienced an income decrease had elevated T2D risk in each income quartile group. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found that individuals who experienced sustained low-income status or an income decrease had elevated T2D risk, while those who had sustained high-income status or an income increase had lowered T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinna Yu
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ketrell L. McWhorter
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hong Seok Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Banner University Medical Group, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Seong-Su Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kulandaivelu Y, Hamilton J, Banerjee A, Gruzd A, Patel B, Stinson J. Social Media Interventions for Nutrition Education Among Adolescents: Scoping Review. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e36132. [PMID: 37471119 PMCID: PMC10401194 DOI: 10.2196/36132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for reinforcing healthy dietary behaviors and supporting the development of cooking skills. Social media may be an avenue for supporting these behaviors, as it is popular among adolescents and can improve access to nutrition education interventions. This study sought to understand the optimal implementation of effective social media-based nutrition education interventions to inform the implementation of future social media-based nutrition education interventions. OBJECTIVE A scoping review of the characteristics, feasibility, effectiveness, and factors influencing social media-based nutrition education interventions for adolescents was conducted. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases using a predefined search strategy. Primary research articles were independently screened and included if they involved adolescent populations (10-18 years old) and delivered nutrition education through social media. The information on intervention characteristics, feasibility, effectiveness, and factors influencing social media-based nutrition education interventions was extracted. RESULTS A total of 28 publications out of 20,557 met the eligibility criteria. Twenty-five nutrition interventions were examined by 28 studies. Fourteen interventions used homegrown social media platforms, 8 used Facebook, and 2 used Instagram. Feasibility outcomes were infrequently reported, and the cost of intervention delivery was not reported. Engagement with interventions was variable; high engagement was not required to elicit significant improvements in dietary behaviors. Tailoring interventions, offering practical content, meaningful peer support, and involving families and communities facilitated successful interventions. Strategies to address engagement and technical issues were varied. CONCLUSIONS Emerging evidence demonstrates that social media interventions for adolescent nutrition are acceptable and improve nutrition outcomes. Future interventions should strengthen peer support components and tailor delivery to specific populations. Further research should examine engagement, adherence, and the impact of interventions on behavioral and physical outcomes. This review is the first to examine the use of social media as the primary medium for nutrition education for adolescent populations. The analysis used in this review argues the importance of peer support in social media-based nutrition interventions and the need for user-centered design of the interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalinie Kulandaivelu
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Centre for Healthy Active Kids, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ananya Banerjee
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anatoliy Gruzd
- Information Technology Management, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Barkha Patel
- Centre for Healthy Active Kids, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Wang P, Yim IS, Lindsay KL. Maternal Diet Quality and Prenatal Depressive Symptoms: The Moderating Role of Economic Well-Being. Nutrients 2023; 15:2809. [PMID: 37375713 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal depression is prevalent and adversely impacts maternal and infant health. This study addresses a critical literature gap and investigates the association between maternal diet quality and prenatal depressive symptoms, as well as the moderating effect of economic well-being on this link. A cross-sectional design was used, including 43 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester aggregated from two research projects. Prenatal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Dietary quality was evaluated using two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls, from which the Adapted Dietary Inflammatory Index (ADII) and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 were derived. Economic well-being was indicated by the income-to-poverty ratio. A higher HEI-2015 (adherence to dietary guidelines; β = -0.53, p = 0.01) and negative ADII (anti-inflammatory diet; β = 0.40, p = 0.06) were associated with fewer prenatal depressive symp-toms. Among pregnant women with worse economic well-being, a pro-inflammatory diet was as-sociated with more prenatal depressive symptoms (b = 1.69, p = 0.004), but among those with better economic well-being, the association was not significant (b = 0.51, p = 0.09). Dietary interventions aimed at reducing dietary inflammation might hold some promise for improving mental health among pregnant women who are economically vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Wang
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Ilona S Yim
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Karen L Lindsay
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- UCI Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, College of Health Sciences, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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Wiesmann D, Goldsmith R, Shimony T, Nitsan L, Keinan-Boker L, Shohat T. Food Insecurity in Israeli Elderly is Associated with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Disability, and Depression: Policy Implications. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100006. [PMID: 37180079 PMCID: PMC10111608 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2022.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food insecurity (FI) and poor health can turn into a vicious cycle with detrimental effects, especially in the elderly, however, few studies have examined the relationship between FI and health in this age group. Objectives We investigated associations of FI with physical and mental health and health behaviors among community-dwelling elderly. Methods We used nationally representative, cross-sectional data from the 2014-2015 Israel National Health and Nutrition Survey of the Elderly (Rav Mabat Zahav) on FI, sociodemographic characteristics, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), disability, self-assessed physical, oral, and mental health for 1006 individuals aged ≥65 y. Results FI affected 12.3% of all households with elderly and was significantly higher among late immigrants and Arabs. Bivariate associations of FI with the number of NCDs, depression, disability in all 6 domains (vision, hearing, mobility, self-care, remembering, communication), poor self-assessed physical and oral health, chewing and swallowing problems, feelings of loneliness, insufficient physical activity, and smoking were significant (P < 0.05). In a multivariable logistic regression controlling for population group, household size, age and sex, FI was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with lack of formal education (OR: 6.26; 95% CI: 1.66, 23.65), being in the lowest (OR: 23.56; 95% CI: 3.71, 149.76) or second-lowest (OR: 16.75; 95% CI: 2.68, 104.52) per capita household income quartile, having one (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.05, 4.23) or several disabilities (OR: 4.04; 95% CI: 1.72, 9.45), and having ever been diagnosed with depression (OR: 3.34; 95% CI: 1.35, 8.28). Conclusions FI is associated with physical and mental health problems, multiple disabilities, and loneliness among Israeli elderly. Providing income support could reduce FI, and subsidized congregate and home-delivered meal services could be expanded to meet the needs of elderly with disabilities and counter social isolation. Because low education, disability, and depression are particularly prevalent among the food insecure and vulnerable groups face language barriers, assistance with applications for these services should be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Goldsmith
- School of Public Health, The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Shimony
- Israel Center for Disease Control (ICDC), Ministry of Health, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Lesley Nitsan
- Israel Center for Disease Control (ICDC), Ministry of Health, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- Israel Center for Disease Control (ICDC), Ministry of Health, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamy Shohat
- School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Reid BM, Sokol N, Aubuchon-Endsley NL, Stroud LR. Maternal prenatal cortisol and the interaction of income and pre-pregnancy body mass index are independently associated with newborn cortisol. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22354. [PMID: 36567656 PMCID: PMC9940703 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While extensive research has supported the developmental programming hypothesis regarding contributions of prenatal psychosocial or nutritional adversity to offspring stress physiology, fewer studies consider both exposures together with maternal stress physiology. This study examined newborn cortisol output during a stressor as a function of maternal pre-pregnancy health status and nutritional history (pre-pregnancy body mass index [PPBMI]), economic resources (household income), and maternal cortisol awakening response (mCAR) in late pregnancy. Participants were 102 mother-infant pairs from an economically and racial/ethnically diverse sample. Offspring salivary cortisol response to a neurobehavioral exam was assessed at 1 month. Income and maternal PPBMI were positively associated with mCAR in late pregnancy. mCAR was positively related to 1-month newborn cortisol response. The interaction of income and PPBMI was positively associated with newborn cortisol output during an exam at 1-month. Mothers with the highest PPBMI and lowest income had offspring with higher cortisol responses than offspring of mothers with higher income and lower PPBMI. There was no evidence of indirect mediation effects of predictors (PPBMI, income, and interaction) on infant cortisol via mCAR. The differential effects of the interaction of PPBMI and income suggest that these exposures influence infant cortisol output in the context of one another, independent of maternal pregnancy cortisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brie M. Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Natasha Sokol
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Laura R. Stroud
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Association of Body Mass Index with Risk of Household Catastrophic Health Expenditure in China: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194014. [PMID: 36235667 PMCID: PMC9571178 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is a major obstacle to achieving universal health coverage, and body mass index (BMI) is linked to both health and economy. We aimed to explore the association of BMI with the risk of CHE to provide advice for reducing CHE. We used national cohort data from the China Family Panel Studies, which comprised 33,598 individuals (14,607 households) from 25 provinces between 2010 to 2018. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confident interval (CI) for CHE in participants at underweight, overweight, and obesity, compared with those at normal weight. Restricted cubic splines were employed to model the association of continuous BMI scale with risk of CHE. We found that families with female household heads at underweight had a 42% higher risk of CHE (aHR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.16–1.75), and those at overweight had a 26% increased risk of CHE (aHR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.09–1.47), compared with those at normal weight. A weak U-shaped curve for the association of continuous BMI with risk of CHE in female-headed households (p for non-linear = 0.0008) was observed, which was not significant in male-headed households (p for non-linear = 0.8725). In female-headed households, underweight and overweight BMI are connected with a higher risk of CHE. Concerted efforts should be made to keep a normal BMI to prevent CHE.
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Kian F, Farhadian H, Choobchian S. Do Iranian households benefit from food according to their health characteristics? A case study from Alborz Province, Iran. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Food insecurity among Finnish private service sector workers: validity, prevalence and determinants. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:829-840. [PMID: 35067259 PMCID: PMC9993037 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and determinants of food insecurity among private sector service workers in Finland and assess validity of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) tool. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, food insecurity and background characteristics were collected from Finnish private service workers via electronic questionnaires (2019) and national register data (2018-2019). We conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the variables explaining food insecurity. Validity of HFIAS was assessed with rotated principal component analysis and Cronbach's α. SETTING Members of the trade union for private sector service workers, Service Union United (PAM), from all municipalities in Finland participated in the study in 2019. PARTICIPANTS The subjects were 6435 private sector workers that were members of the Service Union United (PAM) in Finland. Mean age of participants was 44 years (sd 12·7 years). RESULTS Two-thirds of the participants (65 %) were food insecure with over a third (36 %) reporting severe food insecurity. Reporting great difficulties in covering household expenses and young age markedly increased the risk of severe food insecurity (OR 15·05; 95 % CI 10·60, 21·38 and OR 5·07; 95 % CI 3·94, 6·52, respectively). Not being married, low education, working in the hospitality industry, being male and living in rented housing also increased the probability of severe food insecurity. The HFIAS tool demonstrated acceptable construct and criterion validity. CONCLUSIONS Severe food insecurity was widespread and associated with low socio-economic status, young age and being male among Finnish private sector service workers, emphasising the need for regular monitoring of food insecurity in Finland.
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Food Insecurity and Related Factors among Farming Families in Takhar Region, Afghanistan. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131810211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improved food security remains a major challenge for policymakers in Afghanistan. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence and drivers of food insecurity among farming households in the Takhar region of Afghanistan. Household questionnaire survey datasets were obtained from 262 farmers via multi-stage sampling across four districts. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was constructed to assess the prevalence of food insecurity, and an ordered probit econometric model was used to identify the factors influencing the prevalence rates in farming families. The findings indicate that 66.79% of the farming households were food insecure, whilst 30.53% were severely food insecure. After adjustment of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of families, the ordered probit results reveals that household head education, dependency ratio, farm income, access to non-agricultural income, livestock unit, group membership, borrowing, farm diseases, flood, and war significantly influenced farming households’ food insecurity in the study area. Our findings highlight the urgent requirement for policies and initiatives to support farmers to improve their overall food security. Such strategies should focus on introducing improved farming techniques, enhancing farmer education levels, livestock development programs, building and empowering farmers groups, creating credit access to households, and providing humanitarian food support.
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Giacoman C, Herrera MS, Ayala Arancibia P. Household food insecurity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Public Health 2021; 198:332-339. [PMID: 34509858 PMCID: PMC8428180 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To compare food insecurity (FI) in Chile before and during the COVID-19 pandemic according to different household types and vulnerability indicators. Study design Longitudinal study based on two population-based surveys in Chile (CASEN 2017 and COVID 2020). Methods Descriptive analysis and multinomial regression models for FI through the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Results FI levels increased significantly (P < 0.001) between 2017 (30%) and 2020 (49%). There was increased FI in all households, but especially in those with economically dependent persons (i.e. children, adolescents and older adults). Household vulnerability indicators showed a statistically significant relationship with FI both before and during the pandemic. The pandemic has resulted in new population groups experiencing FI. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in FI, which has also been seen in new population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giacoman
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - M S Herrera
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity (FI) is an important public health issue for US veterans. For many veterans, civilian life is fraught with service-incurred health issues and socioeconomic challenges, each risk factors for FI. The FI literature on veterans is limited due to insufficient coverage of the topic's complexity and the methods used to study it in this population. No published analysis has evaluated how FI has been examined in US veterans. OBJECTIVES We assessed how FI has been examined in US military veterans by identifying (1) the major content areas, or domains, studied in association with FI and (2) the existing research gaps. METHODS A scoping literature review was conducted to map the main research domains of the FI literature and identify knowledge gaps. Electronic database and hand searches identified potentially relevant studies (n = 61). Data extraction, utilizing a standardized set of design parameters, was completed. Duplicate removal and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria resulted in the studies (n = 21) selected for critical review. RESULTS Eight research domains were determined: FI prevalence, health status, dietary practices, health care utilization, economic instability, homelessness/housing instability, food program participation, and community/emergency preparedness-the most dominant was health status and the least dominant were social determinants (ie, homelessness/housing instability, food program participation). Research on validity and usability of FI assessment methods in veterans was virtually absent. Military service factors, longitudinal effects, FI among women, intervention effectiveness, and other areas lacked sufficient inquiry. CONCLUSION Research is required on lesser examined content areas and methodology to optimize surveillance and policy for veteran FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin S Cypel
- Epidemiology Program, Post-Deployment Health Services (12POP5), Office of Patient Care Services, 8267US Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jodie G Katon
- 49462US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Puget Sound Health Care System, Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Health Services, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark B Schure
- Department of Health & Human Development, 1705Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Shanna Smith
- Epidemiology Program, Post-Deployment Health Services (12POP5), Office of Patient Care Services, 8267US Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
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Gebrie YF. Bayesian regression model with application to a study of food insecurity in household level: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:619. [PMID: 33785006 PMCID: PMC8008667 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food insecurity is a situation in which access to sufficient food is limited at times during the year by a lack of money and other resources. Even though several efforts were made to recover food security, still it is a critical social problem that needs immediate attention from policy and other decision makers especially in Ethiopia. The objective of the paper was to identify the significant predictors of food insecurity at household level in the given District. Method A cross-sectional survey study was employed among 305 households selected using systematic random sampling technique. The data was collected using structured interviewer administrative questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the prevalence of food insecurity status, and Bayesian estimation on binary logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of household food insecurity. Gibbs sampler algorithm was employed on Win BUGS software. Convergence of algorithm was assessed by using time series plot, density plot and auto correlation plot. Result The prevalence of household food insecurity was 59% in the study District. From Bayesian estimation, the significant predictors of food insecurity were sex of household head, agro-ecological zone, loan status, access to agricultural training, age of household head, marital status of household head, family size, agricultural land size, tropical livestock unit, and soil fertility of agricultural land. Conclusion The result shows that the households headed by male; who had own land, who land fertile soil, and those who took agricultural training were less likely to be food insecure. On the other hand, households with large family size, small farm land size and less tropical livestock unit were more likely to be food insecure. Hence, to increase food production and productivity of the farmers, proper attention should be given to improve soil fertility of agricultural land. Creating access to credit to households and providing them with agricultural training and family planning should be also emphasized. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10674-3.
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Bhawra J, Kirkpatrick SI, Hammond D. Food insecurity among Canadian youth and young adults: insights from the Canada Food Study. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2021; 112:663-675. [PMID: 33620691 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored associations between socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported health, and household food security among young adults. METHODS National cohort study participants from Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton, and Halifax, Canada, aged 16-30 years (n = 2149) completed online surveys. Multinomial logistic regression, weighted to reflect age and sex proportions from the 2016 census, was conducted to examine associations between food security status and covariates. RESULTS Almost 30% of respondents lived in food-insecure households, with 19% in "moderately" food-insecure and 10% in "severely" food-insecure households. Respondents identifying as Black or Indigenous were more likely to live in moderately (AOR = 1.96, CI: 1.10, 3.50; AOR = 3.15, CI: 1.60, 6.20) and severely (AOR = 4.25, CI: 2.07, 8.74; AOR = 6.34, CI: 2.81, 14.30) food-insecure households compared with those identifying as mixed/other ethnicity. Respondents who found it "very difficult" to make ends meet were more likely to be moderately (AOR = 20.37, CI: 11.07, 37.46) and severely (AOR = 101.33, CI: 41.11, 249.77) food insecure. Respondents classified as "normal" weight (AOR = 0.64, CI: 0.43, 0.96) or overweight (AOR = 0.53, CI: 0.34, 0.83) were less likely to be moderately food insecure compared with those affected by obesity. Compared with "very good or excellent," "poor" health, diet quality, and mental health were each positively associated with severe food insecurity (AOR = 7.09, CI: 2.44, 20.61; AOR = 2.63, CI: 1.08, 6.41; AOR = 2.09, CI: 1.03, 4.23, respectively). CONCLUSION The high prevalence of correlates of food insecurity among young adults suggests the need for policies that consider the unique challenges (e.g., precarious income) and vulnerability associated with this life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Bhawra
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Wirth SH, Palakshappa D, Brown CL. Association of household food insecurity and childhood weight status in a low-income population. Clin Obes 2020; 10:e12401. [PMID: 32915524 PMCID: PMC8405045 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One in seven US households with children are food insecure. The health effects of household food insecurity (HFI) are well documented, but its association with childhood weight status remains unclear. We aimed to assess this association and to describe correlates of HFI in children. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3019 low-income children aged 2 to 17 years. Data were extracted via chart review. HFI was assessed using the hunger vital sign screener. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from documented clinical measurements. We used adjusted linear and logistic regression to assess the association of HFI with BMI z-score (BMIz) and weight status. We used logistic regression to examine correlates of HFI including age, race/ethnicity, tobacco exposure, number of parents and siblings living at home, weight status, and census-tract poverty rate and food access. Of participants whose HFI status was documented, 91% were food secure and 9% were food insecure. The mean (SD) BMIz was 0.81 (1.11). Fifty five percentage of children were healthy weight, 18% overweight, and 26% obese. In adjusted analyses, HFI was not associated with BMIz but was associated with decreased odds of obesity (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.36-0.87). Tobacco exposure (1.63; 1.10-2.44), additional siblings (1.16; 1.04-1.30), and residence census tract with high poverty rate (1.02; 1.01-1.03) were all associated with HFI. We concluded that food-insecure children were less likely to have obesity and had differences in household makeup, exposures, and residential location compared to food-secure children. Clinicians should understand these relationships when counselling families about weight status and food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Wirth
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Deepak Palakshappa
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Callie L Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Gholampour T, Noroozi M, Zavoshy R, Mohammadpoorasl A, Ezzeddin N. Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Growth Disorders in Children Aged 3 to 6 in Qazvin City, Iran. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2020; 23:447-456. [PMID: 32953640 PMCID: PMC7481058 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2020.23.5.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Food insecurity, which is the inability to obtain food or inadequate food consumption in terms of quality and quantity, has physical and psychological consequences on children's health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between children's growth disorders and food insecurity in Qazvin city, Iran. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on 177 cases and 355 controls of children aged 3 to 6 years, who were referred to health centers in Qazvin city. The case group consisted of children with growth disorders. Data were obtained with the 18-item US Department of Agriculture questionnaire, a household socioeconomic questionnaire, a and growth monitoring card. The data were analyzed with using IBM SPSS Version 22.0, by independent sample t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression. RESULTS A significant relationship was found between children's growth disorders and household food insecurity with (p<0.05, odds ratio [OR]=17.0, confidence interval [CI]=5.9, 48.8) and without hunger (p<0.05, OR=2.69, CI=1.4, 4.9). There were also significant relationships between children's growth disorders and socioeconomic status (p<0.05, OR=3.4, CI=1.4, 8.5), the duration of breastfeeding (p<0.05, OR=0.94, CI=0.9, 0.98), and children's ages (p<0.05, OR=0.94, CI=0.92, 0.96). Sex and birth order, and the age of the parents was not found to be significantly related with growth disorders. CONCLUSION Lower socioeconomic status and household food insecurity were the important predictors of children's growth disorders. Policymakers should focus more on promoting steady employment and income among family members. Nutritional education for mothers is also recommended, in order to better meet the nutritional needs of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Gholampour
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mostafa Noroozi
- Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Rosa Zavoshy
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Asghar Mohammadpoorasl
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Ezzeddin
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Calloway EE, Parks CA, Bowen DJ, Yaroch AL. Environmental, social, and economic factors related to the intersection of food security, dietary quality, and obesity: an introduction to a special issue of the Translational Behavioral Medicine journal. Transl Behav Med 2020; 9:823-826. [PMID: 31682731 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This special issue of Translational Behavioral Medicine solicited papers focusing on the intersection of food security, dietary quality, and obesity. Specifically, the special issue seeks to highlight research that provides actionable takeaways related to policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approaches for practitioners and policymakers. The purpose of this introduction was to summarize relevant background literature and then briefly introduce topics covered by the articles included in the special issue. There are economic, environmental, and social factors that create systemic barriers that drive persistent poverty in communities and underlay the intersection of food security, dietary quality, and obesity. Although equitable healthful food access is needed, the issue is exceedingly complicated. Understanding and operationalizing effective and efficient PSE approaches is in its infancy. More research is needed to better understand how to appropriately measure determinants of health (and how they relate to the conditions that ultimately promote obesity through food insecurity and compromises to dietary quality), implement deliberate interventions that address the underlying factors, and disseminate that information to policymakers and practitioners in the field. This special issue of Translational Behavioral Medicine includes articles that relay practical findings, measurement methods, and lessons learned related to PSE approaches such as federal food assistance programs (e.g., National School Lunch Program), systems-based interventions (e.g., clinic-community connections), and environmental modifications(e.g., food retail marketing). Although much more practical and action-oriented research is needed in this area, these articles will contribute to the evidence base supporting better future assessment and PSE interventions that address food security, dietary quality, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah J Bowen
- Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amy L Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE, USA
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Ontai LL, Sutter C, Sitnick S, Shilts MK, Townsend MS. Parent Food-Related Behaviors and Family-Based Dietary and Activity Environments: Associations with BMI z-Scores in Low-Income Preschoolers. Child Obes 2020; 16:S55-S63. [PMID: 31682151 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2019.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: In early childhood, the family dietary and activity environment and parent food-related practices have been found to be important predictors of children's weight. However, few studies account for both of these factors, or the interaction between the 2, when assessing BMI in early childhood. This study aims to examine the association between the family-based dietary and activity environment (including intake, physical activity, and structure) and children's BMI z-scores in the context of parent food-related behaviors in low-income families during the preschool years. Methods: Parents (n = 111) completed questionnaires assessing the family-based dietary and activity environment, including diet, physical activity, screentime and sleep, and their use of parent food-related behaviors including parent-centered (i.e., controlling) and child-centered (i.e., autonomy supportive) practices. Children's BMI z-scores were calculated from researcher-measured height and weight. Results: Parent-centered food-related behaviors were directly related to children's BMI z-scores and moderated the association between the family-based dietary and activity environment and children's BMI z-scores. Family-based behaviors were associated with lower BMI only when parents used fewer parent-centered behaviors. Conclusions: Findings indicate that programs working with low-income families to prevent child obesity should stress both the creation of a healthy home environment and the use of positive parent food-related behaviors with preschool aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenna L Ontai
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Sutter
- UChicago STEM Education, Outlier Research and Evaluation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie Sitnick
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Caldwell University, Caldwell, NJ, USA
| | - Mical K Shilts
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn S Townsend
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Farrin N, Tabrizi S, Vaghef-Mehrabany E, Ostadrahimi A. Is the modified household food security survey (HFSS) questionnaire a practical tool for screening food insecurity? Evidence from northwest of Iran. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:883. [PMID: 32513137 PMCID: PMC7282109 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate supplies of food and food security (FS) are the fundamental aspects of human societies, and considered one of the pivotal factors of individual and social health. The aim of the present study was to assess the applicability of the short questionnaire for screening food insecurity (FI) and to evaluate the prevalence of FI in northwest of Iran. METHODS In this study, 550 subjects aged ≥16 years were studied. Three-day dietary records and a short questionnaire were applied to estimate the prevalence of FI in terms of hunger and hidden hunger. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the short questionnaire were assessed. Moreover, the association between the results of the short questionnaire and the criteria that were theoretically related to FI were examined. Data were presented as mean (SD), median (min-max) for the numeric normal and non-normal variables, respectively, and frequency (percent) for categorical variables. The between-group comparisons of variables were done using independent samples t test. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The prevalence of hunger and hidden hunger was 30.8 and 46.0%, respectively. Overall, 23.2% of the subjects were classified as "food secure". The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the short questionnaire in determining hunger were 92.8% (95% CI: 87.3-95.9), 84.2% (95% CI: 79.3-89.3), and 87% (95% CI: 84-90.2), respectively. These values for hidden hunger were 21.6% (95% CI: 15.7-29.9), 92.3% (95% CI: 88.7-99.4), and 53.4% (95% CI: 47.9-59.8), respectively. Our study showed a statistically significant association between FI and socio-economic status. FI significantly enhanced the risk of underweight, while it markedly reduced the risk of overweight and obesity. The average frequency of monthly consumption of meat, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and rice was significantly lower in food insecure group, while the median frequency of bread consumption was markedly higher in food insecure group. The participants of insecure group were less likely to consume fruits, vegetables, dairy products, rice and meat. CONCLUSIONS FI was frequent in North-west of Iran. The findings indicated that the short questionnaire was a simple, low-cost and practical tool for screening FI in terms of hunger. TRIAL REGISTRATION IR.TBZMED.REC.1397.400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711 Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nazila Farrin
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sirous Tabrizi
- Faculty of Education, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada
| | - Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabany
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711 Iran
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Jansen E, Lachman JM, Heinrichs N, Hutchings J, Baban A, Foran HM. Hunger in Vulnerable Families in Southeastern Europe: Associations With Mental Health and Violence. Front Public Health 2020; 8:115. [PMID: 32351924 PMCID: PMC7174726 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hunger can influence healthy development of children and has been shown to be associated with other determinants of child health, such as violence within the family and maternal (mental) health problems. Whilst the majority of research has been conducted in high-income countries with vulnerable populations, less is known about the circumstances in low-and-middle-income countries. This study explored the experience of hunger in vulnerable families in three Southeastern European countries, and simultaneously examined relationships with four sets of risk factors—lack of financial, mental, familial, and social resources. Methods: Families (N = 140) were recruited for a parenting intervention targeting child behavioral problems. Baseline data was collected on hunger, socioeconomic characteristics, mental health and wellbeing, family violence (i.e., child maltreatment and intimate partner violence), and social and emotional support. Univariate and multivariable risk factors of hunger were examined cross-sectionally with regression models. Results: Overall, 31% of families experienced at least one form of hunger in the last month. Worse family functioning, current intimate partner violence, and more instances of child neglect showed univariate associations with family hunger. In hierarchical analysis, five risk factors remained significantly associated with the experience of hunger: lower adult educational, literacy level, emotional support, more children in the household and higher scores on parental depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions: Hunger in Southeastern European families, among families with children showing elevated behavioral problems, was associated with more family violence, but specifically poorer mental health and less emotional support above and beyond socio-structural strains. Adapting parenting interventions to support the primary caregiver in getting more access to emotional support may potentially also change hunger and its association with health and violence. However, this hypothetical pathway of change needs explicit testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Jansen
- Institute of Psychology, Alps-Adria University, Klagenfurt am Woerthersee, Austria
| | - Jamie M Lachman
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Heinrichs
- Department of Psychology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Judy Hutchings
- School of Psychology, Bangor University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana Baban
- Department of Psychology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Heather M Foran
- Institute of Psychology, Alps-Adria University, Klagenfurt am Woerthersee, Austria
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Ayele AW, Kassa M, Fentahun Y, Edmealem H. Prevalence and associated factors for rural households food insecurity in selected districts of east Gojjam zone, northern Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:202. [PMID: 32033552 PMCID: PMC7007667 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food insecurity is a pressing social and public health issue that varies in degree and impact on individuals and social groups, requiring immediate attention for policymakers and decision-makers. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence and associated factors of food insecurity of rural households particularly in the Shebel Berenta and Machakel districts of East Gojjam zone. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted, in the fall of March 2017 among 504 households. Households are selected using a systematic sampling technique through multistage cluster sampling technique (two stage cluster sampling). The data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire covering a range of topics including 18 core food security modules (CFSM) question series, socioeconomic, demographic and related variables. Multivariable Partial proportional odds model (PPOM) was employed to identify the factors associated with food insecurity in rural households. Result Of a total of 504 households considered in the study, 54 (10.71%) were highly food secure, 75 (14.88%) were marginally food secure, 157 (31.15%) were low food secure, and 218 (43.25%) were severely food insecure. District (Machakel) (AOR = 3.28 95% CI: 1.73, 6.24), household head education status, illiterate (AOR = 113.4, 95% CI:7.02,1832.02), read and write (AOR = 169.29, 95%CI:11.64, 2461.39), and elementary completed (AOR = 119.75,95%CI:8.43,1700.74), agro-ecological zone, Woina Dega (AOR = 0.0021,95% CI: 0.00009,0.0514), Dega (AOR = 0.0323, 95%CI: 0.002, 0.5209), family size (AOR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.36), landholding (AOR = 0.767, 95% CI: 0.605, 0.972), TLU (AOR = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.0716, 0.3189), access to toilet (no) (AOR = 7.63, 95% CI: 1.459, 39.78), practicing irrigation (yes) (AOR = 0.121, 95% CI: 0.037, 0.38), loan (no) (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI:1.36, 5.89), access to energy, government electric (AOR = 0.468, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.94), solar panels (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.79), soil fertility, moderate (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.87), fertile (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.032, 0.72) were significant associated food insecurity factors in the study area. Conclusion In this study, a high prevalence of food insecurity and various associated food insecurity factors have been identified in the study area. Thus, the concerned stockholders should intervene in food insecure households via different irrigation practices and by considering household size, community-based household head education, and landholding in hectare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amare Wubishet Ayele
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Mulusew Kassa
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yenesew Fentahun
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Hayimro Edmealem
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Food Insecurity and Major Diet-Related Morbidities in Migrating Children: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020379. [PMID: 32023929 PMCID: PMC7071308 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Children of migrant families are known to be at a higher risk of diet-related morbidities due to complex variables including food insecurity, cultural and religious beliefs, and sociodemographic factors like ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and education. Several studies have assessed the presence of specific diseases related to dietary issues in migrant children. This systematic review aims to highlight the existing body of work on nutritional deficiencies in the specific vulnerable pediatric population of immigrants. Refugees were intentionally excluded because of fundamental differences between the two groups including the reasons for migration and health status at the time of arrival. A total of 29 papers were included and assessed for quality. Most of them described a strong correlation between obesity and migration. A high prevalence of stunting, early childhood caries, iron and vitamin D deficiency was also reported, but the studies were few and heterogeneous. Food insecurity and acculturation were found important social factors (nevertheless with inconclusive results) influencing dietary habits and contributing to the development of morbidities such as obesity and other metabolic disorders, which can cause progressive unsustainability of health systems. Public health screening for diet-related diseases in migrant children may be implemented. Educational programs to improve children’s diet and promote healthy-living behaviors as a form of socioeconomic investment for the health of the new generations may also be considered.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food insecurity (FI) is defined as uncertain access to healthy food in quantity and quality. We hypothesize that FI may be associated with greater health-care use and absenteeism because it may amplify the effect of diseases; also, FI may be associated with reduced health-care access because it reflects economic vulnerability. The present study estimates the association between FI and health-care use and access, and absenteeism. DESIGN Cross-sectional data collected in 2015-2016. Health-care use was measured as the number of consultations, taking any drug and having been hospitalized in the past year. Health-care access was measured by the suspension of medication and having fewer consultations due to financial constraints. Absenteeism was measured by the weeks of sickness leave. Binary variables were modelled as a function of FI using logistic regressions; continuous variables were modelled as a function of FI using negative binomial and zero-inflated negative binomial regressions. Covariates were included sequentially. SETTING Portugal. PARTICIPANTS Non-institutionalized adults from the EpiDoc3 cohort (n 5648). RESULTS FI was significantly associated with health-care use before controlling for socio-economic conditions and quality of life. Moderate/severe FI was positively related to the suspension of medicines (adjusted OR = 4·68; 95 % CI 3·11, 6·82) and to having fewer consultations (adjusted OR = 3·98; 95 % CI 2·42, 6·37). FI and absenteeism were not significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that FI reflects precariousness, which hinders access to health care. The greater use of health care among food-insecure people is explained by their worse quality of life and lower socio-economic condition, so that the specific role of poor nutrition is unclear.
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Food Insecurity and Nutritional Risk among Canadian Newcomer Children in Saskatchewan. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081744. [PMID: 31362415 PMCID: PMC6723799 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity continues to persist among vulnerable groups in Canada, including newcomer families. This mixed-methods study uses an exploratory sequential design to characterize the food security status of newcomer families with children aged 3–13 years. Parents completed food security and 24-hour dietary recall questionnaires, and parents and service providers were interviewed to explore their food insecurity experiences. Fifty percent of participant households experienced food insecurity, while 41% of children were food insecure. More recent newcomer families, and families with parents that had completed high school or some years of postsecondary training, more commonly experienced household food insecurity, compared to families with parents without high school diplomas or those with university degrees. Food-insecure children aged 4–8 years were at higher risk of consuming a lower proportion of energy from protein, lower servings of milk products, and inadequate intakes of vitamin B12 and calcium. Participants identified changes in food buying habits due to low income, using food budgets to purchase prescription drugs and to repay transportation loans, while the school food environment impacted children’s food security. Food security initiatives targeting newcomers may benefit from building on the strengths of newcomers, including traditional dietary practices and willingness to engage in capacity-building programming.
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Caamaño MC, García OP, Parás P, Palacios JR, Rosado JL. Overvaluation of Eating and Satiation Explains the Association of Food Insecurity and Food Intake With Obesity and Cardiometabolic Diseases. Food Nutr Bull 2019; 40:432-443. [PMID: 31327240 DOI: 10.1177/0379572119863558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In developing countries, where energy-dense foods with low nutrient content are highly accessible, the fear of feeling hungry and the desire of prolonging satiation have been documented. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of valuation of eating and satiation in the relationship of food insecurity with diet, obesity, and cardiometabolic risk with structural equation modeling. METHODS A validated questionnaire that measures the value of eating and satiation (VES) as the basis of wealth was administered to 321 adult women from Queretaro, Mexico. Instruments for measurement of socioeconomic status, food insecurity, physical activity, and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire were also applied. Women were measured and weighed, and they provided a fasting blood sample to determine lipid profile, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Structural equation models were used for prediction of the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol index. RESULTS The models confirmed, with acceptable goodness-of-fit parameters, the mediation position of VES between past experiences of food insecurity and a greater intake of carbohydrates and its impact on obesity, and on the HOMA-IR and the triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol index. CONCLUSION Experiences of food insecurity may increase VES in women and influence eating behavior, increasing intake of sugars and starches in their diet, thus increasing the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes. The understanding of essential values that induce unfavorable eating behavior in a population that has experienced past food insecurity may help to develop public health strategies for prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Caamaño
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Olga P García
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Pablo Parás
- Center for Latin American Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jorge L Rosado
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
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Liu R, Shelton RC, Eldred-Skemp N, Goldsmith J, Suglia SF. Early Exposure to Cumulative Social Risk and Trajectories of Body Mass Index in Childhood. Child Obes 2019; 15:48-55. [PMID: 30362818 PMCID: PMC6338568 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2018.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood social risk has been associated with increased risk of childhood obesity. However, little is known about early exposure of cumulative social risk on BMI percentile (BMIp) trajectories in early childhood. METHODS Public data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study were analyzed (N = 3809). Maternal reports of experiences of multiple social risk factors were obtained at age 1 and 3 assessments of children. Two cumulative social risk scores were calculated by summing social factors assessed at age 1 and at age 3. Child BMIp was assessed at ages 3, 5, and 9. Linear mixed models were used to examine the effect of cumulative social risk on sex-specific BMIp trajectories. RESULTS Compared with girls experiencing low social risk at either age 1 or 3, girls experiencing high social risk (≥ 2 factors) at age 1 or 3 only had higher initial BMIp at age 3 [β0 = 5.70 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.15-1.26) and 1.37 (95% CI: -2.25 to 4.99), respectively] and had nonsignificantly greater BMIp growth rate [β1 = 0.39 (95% CI: -0.86 to 1.63) and 0.32 (95% CI: -0.86 to 1.63)]. Girls experiencing high social risk at both ages had nonsignificantly but consistently lower BMIp [β1 = -1.24 (95% CI: -2.93 to 0.46)]. In addition, girls experiencing a sum of ≥4 risk factors at both ages had lower BMIp growth rate [β1 = -1.77 (95% CI: -3.39 to -0.15)] compared to girls experiencing no risk factor. No associations were observed among boys. CONCLUSIONS Early exposure to cumulative social risk may have long-term impact on BMIp trajectories among girls, depending on timing of exposure. Understanding the effect of cumulative social risk in different contexts, including sex, chronicity, and timing of exposure, may have practical implications for informing effective intervention to combat childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhe Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Rachel C. Shelton
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | | | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Shakira F. Suglia
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Address correspondence to: Shakira F. Suglia, ScD, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Room 4005, Atlanta, GA 30318
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Gough M, Lippert AM, Martin MA. The Role of Time Use Behaviors in the Risk of Obesity among Low-Income Mothers. Womens Health Issues 2018; 29:23-30. [PMID: 30446329 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childrearing responsibilities create additional demands on women's time and effort, especially in low-income families. We explore whether childrearing demands and differences in time use increase the risk of overweight and obesity for women in different income brackets. METHODS We use data for women ages 18-55 years from the 2006-2008 and 2014-2015 American Time Use Surveys (N = 17,914). We predict whether women engage in particular activities using logistic regression and, among those who do particular activities, we predict the minutes spent in various activities using ordinary least squares models. We also predict women's risk of overweight or obesity using logistic regression. All models examine conditional relationships between income level and motherhood status. RESULTS Replicating prior research, we find a greater risk of overweight and obesity for mothers with low (odds ratio, 1.66; p < .001) and subpoverty (odds ratio, 1.93; p < .001) incomes compared with mothers with moderate/upper incomes and all child-free women. Motherhood and income status jointly predict women's time use, but including these time use behaviors in models of overweight and obesity does not attenuate the significantly higher risks for mothers with low and subpoverty incomes. CONCLUSIONS Mothers experiencing economic hardship are at greater risk of overweight and obesity relative to other women. Additional research is warranted, however, because differences in time use do not explain this important health disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Gough
- Department of Sociology/Anthropology, University of La Verne, La Verne, California.
| | - Adam M Lippert
- Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Molly A Martin
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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28
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Hunger in Higher Education: Experiences and Correlates of Food Insecurity among Wisconsin Undergraduates from Low-Income Families. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci7100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing awareness that a substantial share of undergraduates are food insecure, potentially undermining investments in higher education and hindering upward social mobility. This mixed-methods paper uses survey and interview data from low-income students at 42 public colleges and universities in Wisconsin to illuminate the day-to-day experiences of food insecurity and examine how food security status varies across background characteristics. Results indicate that students who grew up in food insecure homes, self-identify as a racial/ethnic minority, live off-campus, and attend college in an urban area are significantly more likely to report the lowest level of food security, often associated with hunger. Students explain that challenges stemming from the interrelationship of lack of time and inadequate money are their biggest barriers to food security. Most rely on friends or family for support, but few students draw on the social safety net, in part due to eligibility restrictions. In recognition of the diversity of students’ experiences, we discuss the need for a multi-faceted response to promote food security and student success.
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Moradi S, Mirzababaei A, Dadfarma A, Rezaei S, Mohammadi H, Jannat B, Mirzaei K. Food insecurity and adult weight abnormality risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:45-61. [PMID: 30219965 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research into the relationship between food insecurity and weight abnormality has yielded varied and contradictory results. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to examine the association between food insecurity and weight abnormality in adults. METHODS Pertinent studies were identified by searching PubMed and Scopus databases, up to February 2018. Data were available from 31 studies. These studies were conducted in 14 different countries. The odds ratio of 115,993 individuals in these studies was pooled for the meta-analysis. RESULTS The present meta-analysis showed that adults in food-insecure households are more at risk of obesity (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.23). Subgroup analysis by gender also revealed that women had a higher risk of obesity compared to men in food-insecure households (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05-1.46). Furthermore, subgroup analysis by food insecurity level implied that a severe level of household food insecurity may be associated with a higher risk of underweight (49%) than overweight (37%) or obesity (29%) among adults. In addition, subgroup analysis revealed that with lower levels of national economic development, the risk of weight abnormality shifted from obesity to underweight. CONCLUSION It seems that adults in food-insecure households, especially women, are at higher risk of obesity. The weight abnormality risk may increase with the intensification of the level of food insecurity. Also, the level of economic development is an important factor in the effects of food insecurity on weight status. However, due to the high heterogeneity among studies, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Dadfarma
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Rezaei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Students Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Ganhão-Arranhado S, Paúl C, Ramalho R, Pereira P. Food insecurity, weight and nutritional status among older adults attending senior centres in Lisbon. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 78:81-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Spanish adaptation and validation of the Child Food Security Survey Module (CFSSM-S). Public Health Nutr 2018; 21:2753-2761. [PMID: 29996952 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018001672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the: (i) internal structure of the Spanish Child Food Security Survey Module (CFSSM-S) with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA); (ii) measurement invariance by gender, grade, weight status, socio-economic status (SES) and family affluence; and (iii) relationships with these external variables. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted. The CFSSM-S and other tools were employed to assess food insecurity, weight status, SES and family affluence, respectively. SETTING A secondary school (grades 7-10) in the city of Terrassa in Catalonia, Spain. SUBJECTS Participants included adolescent boys and girls (n 426) aged 12-17 years. RESULTS The cross-validation design with EFA and CFA captured a single factor, 'food insecurity'. The goodness-of-fit for the one-factor model with CFA (root-mean-square error of approximation=0·038, comparative fit index=0·984, Tucker-Lewis index=0·979) and internal consistency (ω=0·95) were excellent. The measurement invariance indicated that CFSSM-S could be used across genders, grades, weight status, SES and family affluence. Only mean differences for SES and family affluence were found which showed a linear trend, indicating higher CFSSM-S scores for participants with lower SES and family affluence. Of participants, 1·9 % experienced very low food security, 16·4 % low food security and 81·7 % were food secure. CONCLUSIONS The CFSSM-S is the first validated instrument to assess food insecurity with psychometric guarantees in Spanish adolescents. Researchers and health practitioners in Spain could use this self-reported questionnaire to gain more information about adolescent health in relation to food insecurity.
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Fisher A, Craigie AM, Macleod M, Steele RJC, Anderson AS. The impact of social deprivation on the response to a randomised controlled trial of a weight management intervention (BeWEL) for people at increased risk of colorectal cancer. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 31:306-313. [PMID: 29171112 PMCID: PMC6001549 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although 45% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases may be avoidable through appropriate lifestyle and weight management, health promotion interventions run the risk of widening health inequalities. The BeWEL randomised controlled trial assessed the impact of a diet and activity programme in overweight adults who were diagnosed with a colorectal adenoma, demonstrating a significantly greater weight loss at 12 months in intervention participants than in controls. The present study aimed to compare BeWEL intervention outcomes by participant deprivation status. METHODS The intervention group of the BeWEL trial (n = 163) was classified by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintiles into 'more deprived' (SIMD 1-2, n = 58) and 'less deprived' (SIMD 3-5, n = 105). Socio-economic and lifestyle variables were compared at baseline to identify potential challenges to intervention adherence in the more deprived. Between group differences at 12 months in primary outcome (change in body weight) and secondary outcomes (cardiovascular risk factors, diet, physical activity, knowledge of CRC risk and psychosocial variables) were assessed by deprivation status. RESULTS At baseline, education (P = 0.001), income (P < 0.001), spending on physical activity (P = 0.003) and success at previous weight loss attempts (P = 0.007) were significantly lower in the most deprived. At 12 months, no between group differences by deprivation status were detected for changes in primary and main secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Despite potential barriers faced by the more deprived participants, primary and most secondary outcomes were comparable between groups, indicating that this intervention is unlikely to worsen health inequalities and is equally effective across socio-economic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fisher
- Division of Cancer Research, Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - A M Craigie
- Division of Cancer Research, Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - M Macleod
- Division of Cancer Research, Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - R J C Steele
- Division of Cancer Research, Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - A S Anderson
- Division of Cancer Research, Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
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Kim J, Shon C, Yi S. The Relationship between Obesity and Urban Environment in Seoul. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080898. [PMID: 28792465 PMCID: PMC5580601 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global pandemic that brings about a myriad of health consequences. In the past, policies for combating obesity mainly focused on improving individual health and behavior, but nowadays some policies have changed and now concentrate on improving the built environment believing this can improve health through positive changes to health-related behaviors. We examined whether both individual and environmental factors were associated with body mass index in Seoul, the capital city of South Korea. Data from the 2011 and 2013 Community Health Surveys were used (n = 20,147 men and 25,300 women). We staged multilevel logistic regression models to estimate the effect of individual and environmental factors on obesity. Among individual covariates, high-risk drinking, the time spent watching TV and surfing the Internet, high salt intake, stress, and the negative recognition of health were significantly associated with obesity. When controlling individual covariates, the number of sports facilities, number of fried chicken stores, and food insecurity level were statistically associated with probability of obesity. Therefore, this study emphasizes that it is important not only to improve the health behavior of the individual, but also to improve the urban environment in order to reduce the obesity rates of city dwellers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungah Kim
- The Seoul Institute, 57 Nambusunhwan-ro, 340-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06756, Korea.
| | - Changwoo Shon
- The Seoul Institute, 57 Nambusunhwan-ro, 340-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06756, Korea.
| | - Seonju Yi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Beharie N, Mercado M, McKay M. A Protective Association between SNAP Participation and Educational Outcomes Among Children of Economically Strained Households. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2017; 12:181-192. [PMID: 28725333 DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2016.1227754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
With the recent cuts to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), more information is needed to assess the impact these policies have on vulnerable children. As such, this study assesses the potential moderating effect of SNAP participation on the association between material deprivation and educational outcomes among children living in poverty (n = 10 971, and n = 14 928). SNAP participation was found to moderate the association between material deprivation and grade retention, indicating that SNAP may be contributing to grade retention among children living in poverty, which can have positive lifelong consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Beharie
- National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Micaela Mercado
- McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy and Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary McKay
- McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy and Research, New York, New York, USA
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Schrock JM, McClure HH, Snodgrass JJ, Liebert MA, Charlton KE, Arokiasamy P, Naidoo N, Kowal P. Food insecurity partially mediates associations between social disadvantage and body composition among older adults in india: Results from the study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). Am J Hum Biol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28681406 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to test whether food insecurity mediates cross-sectional associations between social disadvantage and body composition among older adults (aged 50+) in India (n = 6556). METHODS Adjusting for key sociodemographic and dietary variables, we examined whether markers of social disadvantage (lower educational attainment, lower household wealth, belonging to a disadvantaged caste/tribe, and belonging to a minority religion) were associated with food insecurity. We then examined whether food insecurity, in turn, was associated with anthropometric measures of body composition, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC). We also tested whether food insecurity mediated the relationship between social disadvantage and body composition. RESULTS In adjusted models, lower household wealth [lowest quintile (Q5) vs highest quintile (Q1): odds ratio (OR) = 13.57, P < .001], having less than a high-school education (OR = 2.12. P < .005), being Muslim (OR = 1.82, P < .001), and being in a scheduled caste (historically marginalized) (OR = 1.49, P < .005) were associated with greater food insecurity. Those who were severely food insecure had greater odds of being underweight (OR = 1.36, P < .01) and lower odds of high WC (OR = 0.70, P < .01). Mediation analyses estimated that food insecurity explained 4.7%-29.7% of the relationship between social disadvantage and body composition, depending on the variables considered. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that food insecurity is a mechanism linking social disadvantage and body composition among older adults in India. These analyses contribute to a better understanding of processes leading to variation in body composition, which may help enhance the design of interventions aimed at improving population nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Schrock
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - Heather H McClure
- Center for Equity Promotion, College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - J Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - Melissa A Liebert
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403
| | - Karen E Charlton
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Perianayagam Arokiasamy
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Nirmala Naidoo
- Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE), World Health Organization, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
| | - Paul Kowal
- Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE), World Health Organization, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland.,Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
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Let Them Eat Cake: Socioeconomic Status and Caregiver Indulgence of Children’s Food and Drink Requests. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/s1057-629020170000018006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Jafari F, Ehsani S, Nadjarzadeh A, Esmaillzadeh A, Noori-Shadkam M, Salehi-Abargouei A. Household food insecurity is associated with abdominal but not general obesity among Iranian children. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:350. [PMID: 28431549 PMCID: PMC5399801 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is increasing all over the world. Food insecurity is mentioned as a possible risk factor; however, previous studies have led to inconsistent results in different societies while data are lacking for the Middle East. We aimed to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and general or abdominal obesity in Iranian children in a cross-sectional study. METHODS Anthropometric data including height, weight, and waist circumference were measured by trained nutritionists. General and abdominal obesity were defined based on world health organization (WHO) and Iranian reference curves for age and gender, respectively. Radimer/Cornell food security questionnaire was filled by parents. Data about the physical activity of participants, family socio-economic status, parental obesity and data about perinatal period were also gathered using self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression was incorporated to investigate the association between food insecurity and obesity in crude and multi-variable adjusted models. RESULTS A total of 587 children aged 9.30 ± 1.49 years had complete data for analysis. Food insecurity at household level was significantly associated with abdominal obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; confidence interval (CI):1.01-2.34, p <0.05) and the relationship remained significant after adjusting for all potential confounding variables (OR = 2.02; CI:1.01-4.03, p <0.05). Food insecurity was associated with general obesity neither in crude analysis and multi-variable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The slight levels of food insecurity might increase the likelihood of abdominal obesity in Iranian children and macroeconomic policies to improve the food security are necessary. Large-scale prospective studies, particularly in the Middle East, are highly recommended to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Jafari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Simin Ehsani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Noori-Shadkam
- Department of Pediatrics, Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, PO Code 8915173160, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Cultural Epigenetics: On the Missing Heritability of Complex Diseases. COMPUTATIONAL PSYCHIATRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53910-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jones AD, Mundo-Rosas V, Cantoral A, Levy TS. Household food insecurity in Mexico is associated with the co-occurrence of overweight and anemia among women of reproductive age, but not female adolescents. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2016; 13. [PMID: 27966839 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to determine the association between household food insecurity (HFI) and the co-occurrence of overweight and anemia among women of reproductive age in the Mexican population. We analyzed data on 4,039 nonpregnant female adolescents (15-19 years) and 10,760 nonpregnant adult women of reproductive age (20-49 years) from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey of Mexico. The survey uses a two-stage sampling design, stratified by rural and urban regions. The Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale was used to assess HFI. We assessed overweight and obesity in women based on World Health Organization classifications for body mass index, and BMI-for-age Z-scores for female adolescents, and defined anemia as an altitude-adjusted hemoglobin (Hb) concentration < 120 g/L based on measurement of capillary Hb concentrations. In multiple logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounding covariates, HFI was not associated with the co-occurrence of anemia and overweight among female adolescents. The adjusted odds of women of reproductive age from mildly and moderately food-insecure households, respectively, experiencing concurrent anemia and overweight were 48% (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.91) and 49% (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.06) higher than among women from food-secure households. Severe HFI was not associated with concurrent overweight and anemia among female adolescents or women. HFI may be a shared mechanism for dual forms of malnutrition within the same individual, simultaneously contributing to overconsumption and dietary inadequacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Jones
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Verónica Mundo-Rosas
- Center of Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- CONACYT Research Fellow, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Teresa Shamah Levy
- Center of Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, Mexico
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Saiz AM, Aul AM, Malecki KM, Bersch AJ, Bergmans RS, LeCaire TJ, Nieto FJ. Food insecurity and cardiovascular health: Findings from a statewide population health survey in Wisconsin. Prev Med 2016; 93:1-6. [PMID: 27612573 PMCID: PMC6095702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social and economic environment has become a major area of interest regarding the determinants of cardiovascular health. Among markers of economic distress, food insecurity has been found associated with metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia, and obesity, but no previous studies have examined its association with overall cardiovascular health. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis among 2935 participants in the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW), a statewide population-based representative sample. The presence of food insecurity was determined by an affirmative answer to the question "In the last 12months, have you been concerned about having enough food for you or your family?" Cardiovascular health (CVH) was defined based on the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 criteria and classified as "poor," "intermediate," or "ideal" using previously published criteria. "Good" CVH was defined as having no poor in any of the seven criteria (any amount of intermediate or ideal). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) of good CVH according to presence of food insecurity were calculated using logistic regression models. Overall, food insecurity was associated with a decreased likelihood of good CVH (OR 0.53; 95% Confidence Interval 0.31 to 0.92; p=0.02). This association persisted in models controlling for age, gender, race, and urbanization. CONCLUSIONS Participants who were food insecure were significantly less likely to have good CVH compared to participants who were food secure. Even though this study cannot confirm causality, these results suggest that food insecurity might be one of several socio-economic barriers contributing to poor CVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine M Saiz
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Allison M Aul
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Kristen M Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Andrew J Bersch
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Rachel S Bergmans
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Tamara J LeCaire
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - F Javier Nieto
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States.
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Influence of sociodemographic characteristics on different dimensions of household food insecurity in Montevideo, Uruguay. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:620-629. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo determine the factor structure of the Latin American & Caribbean Household Food Security Scale (ELCSA) and to study the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on each of the identified dimensions in Montevideo, Uruguay.DesignCross-sectional survey with a representative sample of urban households. Household food insecurity was measured using the ELCSA. The percentage of respondents who gave affirmative responses for each of the items of the ELCSA was determined. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out to determine the ELCSA’s factor structure. A probit model was used to determine the impact of some individual and household sociodemographic characteristics on the identified dimensions of food insecurity.SettingMetropolitan area centred on Montevideo, the capital city of Uruguay, April–September 2014.SubjectsAdults aged between 18 and 93 years (n 742).ResultsThe percentage of affirmative responses to the items of the ELCSA ranged from 4·4 to 31·7 %. Two factors were identified in the exploratory factor analysis performed on data from households without children under 18 years old, whereas three factors were identified for households with children. The identified factors were associated with different severity levels of food insecurity. Likelihood of experiencing different levels of food insecurity was affected by individual characteristics of the respondent as well as characteristics of the household.ConclusionsThe influence of sociodemographic variables varied among the ELCSA dimensions. Household income had the largest influence on all dimensions, which indicates a strong relationship between income and food insecurity.
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Food security and food insecurity in Europe: An analysis of the academic discourse (1975–2013). Appetite 2016; 103:137-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rogers BG, Kegler MC, Berg CJ, Haardörfer R, Frederick GT. Understanding the Food Insecurity and Obesity Relationship by Examining Potential Mediators: An Exploratory Analysis. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2015.1128863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chun IA, Ryu SY, Park J, Ro HK, Han MA. Associations between food insecurity and healthy behaviors among Korean adults. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:425-32. [PMID: 26244083 PMCID: PMC4523488 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.4.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Food insecurity has been suggested as being negatively associated with healthy behaviors and health status. This study was performed to identify the associations between food insecurity and healthy behaviors among Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS The data used were the 2011 Community Health Survey, cross-sectional representative samples of 253 communities in Korea. Food insecurity was defined as when participants reported that their family sometimes or often did not get enough food to eat in the past year. Healthy behaviors were considered as non-smoking, non-high risk drinking, participation in physical activities, eating a regular breakfast, and maintaining a normal weight. Multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify the association between food insecurity and healthy behaviors. RESULTS The prevalence of food insecurity was 4.4% (men 3.9%, women 4.9%). Men with food insecurity had lower odds ratios (ORs) for non-smoking, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.68-0.82), participation in physical activities, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.66 (95% CI: 0.59-0.74), whereas they had a higher OR for maintaining a normal weight, 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09-1.30), than men with food security. Women with food insecurity had lower ORs for non-smoking, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66-0.89), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). For men, ORs for obesity were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70-0.87) for overweight and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.39-0.82) for mild obesity. For women, the OR for moderate obesity was 2.04 (95% CI: 1.14-3.63) as compared with normal weight. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity has a different impact on healthy behaviors. Provision of coping strategies for food insecurity might be critical to improve healthy behaviors among the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ae Chun
- Department of Nutritional Service Team, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 501-717, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Ryu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundae-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
| | - Jong Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundae-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Ro
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
| | - Mi-Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundae-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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Papan AS, Clow B. The food insecurity―obesity paradox as a vicious cycle for women: inequalities and health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13552074.2015.1053204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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McKay FH, Dunn M. Food security among asylum seekers in Melbourne. Aust N Z J Public Health 2015; 39:344-9. [PMID: 26094650 PMCID: PMC4744670 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This research explores food insecurity among asylum seekers who are members of the Asylum Seeker Resource Centre (ASRC) in Melbourne, Australia. Methods: Structured person‐assisted questionnaires were conducted with 56 asylum seekers. The questionnaires examined issues around access to food, cultural appropriateness of available food, transport issues, use of the ASRC Foodbank and questions about general health. Results: Findings suggest that: 1) almost all asylum seekers in this study were food insecure; 2) most of the asylum seekers using the ASRC Foodbank have no access to food other than that provided at the centre; and 3) the reason that most asylum seekers are food insecure is related to structural problems associated with limitations imposed by different visas. Conclusions and implications: The ability of asylum seekers to achieve food security is limited by their restricted access to welfare and government or work‐related income. Given that the current policy situation is likely to continue, providers such as the ASRC will find continuing demands on their services and increasing pressures to provide more than a ‘supplemental’ food supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H McKay
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Victoria
| | - Matthew Dunn
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Victoria
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Freedman MR, Hollenbeck CB, Contreras-Pena G. Hispanic Adults Attending English as a Second Language (ESL) Classes at an Adult School Are Food Insecure. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2015.1004219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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The food security continuum: a novel tool for understanding food insecurity as a range of experiences. Food Secur 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-015-0457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Socio-economic characteristics, living conditions and diet quality are associated with food insecurity in France. Public Health Nutr 2015; 18:2952-61. [PMID: 25563304 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014002912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of household food insecurity (FI) in France and to describe its associations with socio-economic factors, health behaviours, diet quality and cost (estimated using mean food prices). DESIGN Cross-sectional nationally representative survey. FI was assessed using an adapted version of the US Department of Agriculture's Food Insufficiency Indicator; dietary intake was assessed using a 7 d open-ended food record; and individual demographic, socio-economic and behavioural variables were assessed using self-administered questionnaires and interviews. Individuals experiencing FI were compared with food-secure individuals, the latter being divided into four categories according to quartiles of their income per consumption unit (FS1 to FS4). Differences among categories were analysed using χ² tests, ANOVA and tests for trend. SETTING Individual and National Dietary Survey (INCA2), 2006-2007. SUBJECTS Adults aged 18-79 years (n 2624). RESULTS Individuals experiencing FI represented 12·2% of the population. They were on average younger, more frequently women and single parents with children compared with those in the other four categories. Their mean income per consumption unit was higher than that in the FS1 category, but they reported poorer material and housing conditions. The prevalence of smoking and the mean daily time spent watching television were also higher in the FI category. No significant difference among categories was found for energy intake, but mean intakes of fruits, vegetables and fish were lower, and diet quality was slightly but significantly poorer in the FI category. Daily diet cost was also lower in the FI category. CONCLUSIONS France is not spared by FI. FI should be routinely monitored at the national level and research should be promoted to identify effective strategies to reduce nutrition inequalities in France.
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Keino S, Plasqui G, van den Borne B. Household food insecurity access: a predictor of overweight and underweight among Kenyan women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/2048-7010-3-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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