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Diao W, Zhou C, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Li Y, Tang J, Liu G. EGaIn-Modified ePADs for Simultaneous Detection of Homocysteine and C-Reactive Protein in Saliva toward Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 39031767 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are critical biomarkers for numerous chronic diseases, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the most prevalent. The ability to simultaneously detect both biomarkers in point-of-care settings is in high demand for CVD early diagnosis and prevention. Herein, we prepared the eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) nanoparticles decorated with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) on the surface to facilitate the subsequent attachment of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to achieve EGaIn-PPD@Au, which was modified on the screen-printed electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). Aptamers that are specific to Hcy and CRP were then immobilized on the EGaIn-PPD@Au surface to achieve the sensing interface on ePADs. The presence of EGaIn-PPD@Au significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity, leading to amplified electrochemical signals. This aptasensor demonstrated high specificity, capable of detecting Hcy in a range of 1-50 μM with a detection limit of 0.22 μM, and the detection range for CRP was 1-100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.039 ng/mL. The aptasensor also effectively detected Hcy and CRP in clinical saliva samples, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of about 0.80 when the individual biomarker was considered and 0.93 when both biomarkers were taken into account. The positive correlation observed between salivary and blood concentrations of Hcy and CRP, coupled with their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD), suggested the potential of this methodology as a noninvasive point-of-care strategy for the early diagnosis of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weize Diao
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Chuangxin Zhou
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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Helm MM, Basu A, Richardson LA, Chien LC, Izuora K, Alman AC, Snell-Bergeon JK. Longitudinal Three-Year Associations of Dietary Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Serum hs-C-Reactive Protein in Adults with and without Type 1 Diabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:2058. [PMID: 38999806 PMCID: PMC11243559 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a widely used clinical biomarker of systemic inflammation, implicated in many chronic conditions, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Despite the increasing emphasis on dietary intake as a modifiable risk factor for systemic inflammation, the association of hs-CRP with fruit and vegetable consumption is relatively underexplored in T1D. To address this gap, we investigated the longitudinal associations of dietary pattern-derived fruit and vegetable scores with hs-CRP in adults with and without T1D. Additionally, we examined the impact of berry consumption as a distinct food group. Data were collected in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study over two visits that were three years apart. At each visit, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, and hs-CRP was measured using a particle-enhanced immunonephelometric assay. Mixed effect models were used to examine the three-year association of fruit and vegetable scores with hs-CRP. Adjusted models found a significant inverse association between blueberry intake and hs-CRP in the nondiabetic (non-DM) group. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension- and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-derived vegetable scores were also inversely associated with hs-CRP in the non-DM group (all p-values ≤ 0.05). Conversely, no significant associations were observed in the T1D group. In conclusion, dietary pattern-derived vegetable scores are inversely associated with hs-CRP in non-DM adults. Nonetheless, in T1D, chronic hyperglycemia and related metabolic abnormalities may override the cardioprotective features of these food groups at habitually consumed servings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macy M. Helm
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.M.H.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.M.H.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (M.M.H.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Kenneth Izuora
- Section of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Amy C. Alman
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
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Ross SM. Microbiota and the Immune System, Part 2: Mediterranean Dietary Influences on Microbiota. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:58-61. [PMID: 37966991 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Maxine Ross
- Integrative Health Practitioner; served as the founding Director of Dept. of Complementary and Integrative Health, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Alarcon-Braga EA, Al-kassab-Córdova A, Cabrera-Guzmán JC, Herrera-Añazco P, Benites-Zapata VA. Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1221259. [PMID: 37772082 PMCID: PMC10527372 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1221259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with life-threatening conditions. Several studies have reported an association of vitamin B12, folic acid, or homocysteine (Hcy) levels with MetS. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association of vitamin B12, folic acid, and Hcy levels with MetS. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science were searched up to February 13, 2023. Cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies were included. A random-effects model was performed using the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the between-study variance. Effect measures were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Between-study heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's Q test and the I2 statistic. Results Sixty-six articles (n = 87,988 patients) were included. Higher vitamin B12 levels were inversely associated with MetS (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81-0.93; p < 0.01; I2 = 90%). Higher Hcy levels were associated with MetS (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.14-1.24; p < 0.01; I2 = 90%). Folate levels were not associated with MetS (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66-1.03; p = 0.09; I2 = 90%). Conclusion Higher vitamin B12 levels were inversely associated with MetS, whereas higher Hcy levels were associated with MetS. Studies assessing the pathways underlying this association are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Científica De Estudiantes De Medicina De La Universidad Nacional De Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru
- Grupo Peruano De Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad Para La Generación y Síntesis De Evidencias En Salud, Universidad San Ignacio De Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Ali Al-kassab-Córdova
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Percy Herrera-Añazco
- Universidad Privada Del Norte, Trujillo, Peru
- Red Peruana De Salud Colectiva, Lima, Peru
| | - Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
- Unidad De Investigación Para La Generación y Síntesis De Evidencias En Salud, Vicerrectorado De Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio De Loyola, Lima, Peru
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Gande N, Hochmayr C, Staudt A, Bernar B, Stock K, Kiechl SJ, Geiger R, Griesmacher A, Scholl-Bürgi S, Knoflach M, Pechlaner R, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U. Plasma homocysteine levels and associated factors in community-dwelling adolescents: the EVA-TYROL study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1140990. [PMID: 37424916 PMCID: PMC10327549 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1140990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Homocysteine (Hcy) has been associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in adolescents. Assessment of the association between plasma Hcy levels and clinical/laboratory factors might improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Methods Hcy was measured in 1,900 14- to 19-year-old participants of prospective population-based EVA-TYROL Study (44.3% males, mean age 16.4 years) between 2015 and 2018. Factors associated with Hcy were assessed by physical examination, standardized interviews, and fasting blood analysis. Results Mean plasma Hcy was 11.3 ± 4.5 µmol/L. Distribution of Hcy was characterized by extreme right skew. Males exhibited higher Hcy and sex differences increased with increasing age. Univariate associations with Hcy emerged for age, sex, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and for factors pertaining to blood pressure, glucose metabolism, renal function, and diet quality, whereas the most important multivariate predictors of Hcy were sex and creatinine. Discussion Clinical and laboratory factors associated with Hcy in adolescents were manifold, with sex and high creatinine identified as strongest independent determinants. These results may aid when interpreting future studies investigating the vascular risk of homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Gande
- Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Hochmayr
- Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Staudt
- Department of Pediatrics II (Neonatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benoît Bernar
- Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Stock
- Department of Pediatrics III (Cardiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sophia J. Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ralf Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics III (Cardiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Bruneck Hospital, Bruneck, Italy
| | - Andrea Griesmacher
- Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raimund Pechlaner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Zhang B, Xu K, Mi B, Liu H, Wang Y, Huo Y, Ma L, Liu D, Jing H, Liu J, Cao S, Dang S, Yan H. Maternal Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Offspring Birth Outcomes in a Chinese Population. J Nutr 2023; 153:1512-1523. [PMID: 37029046 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation perturbations during pregnancy may impact fetal growth; however, research on the association between dietary inflammation and birth outcomes is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVES This study seeks to assess whether the dietary inflammatory potential is related to birth outcomes among pregnant women in China. METHODS A total of 7194 mothers aged 17-46 y and their infants in China were included in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed by a FFQ, which yielded scores on the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII). Birth outcomes included birth weight, gestational age, birth weight z score, low birth weight (LBW), macrosomia, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA), large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and birth defects. Generalized estimating equation and restricted cubic spline fit each outcome on continuous or quartiles of E-DII after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS The maternal E-DII ranged from -5.35 to 6.77. Overall, birth weight and gestation age (mean ± SD) were 3267.9 ± 446.7 g and 39.6 ± 1.3 wk, respectively, and the birth weight z score was 0.02 ± 1.14. A total of 3.2% of infants were born with LBW, 6.1% with macrosomia, 3.0% were preterm birth, 10.7% were born SGA, 10.0% were born LGA, and 2.0% were born with birth defects. E-DII was associated with a 9.8 g decrease in birth weight (95% CI: -16.9, -2.6) and a 1.09-fold (95% CI: 1.01, 1.18), 1.11-fold (95% CI: 1.02, 1.21), and 1.12-fold (95% CI: 1.02, 1.24) greater risk of LBW, preterm birth, and birth defects, respectively. The maternal E-DII score was nonlinearly associated with gestational age (P for linearity = 0.009, P for curvature = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Among pregnant Chinese women, proinflammatory diets during pregnancy were related to reduced offspring birth weight and an increased risk of LBW, preterm birth, and birth defects. These findings might inform potential prevention strategies for pregnant women in China.
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Assessment of Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children following Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030682. [PMID: 36978931 PMCID: PMC10044729 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidant-antioxidant balance is crucial for maintaining one’s health, and the diet is possibly one of the most important factors affecting this balance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the oxidant-antioxidant balance in children on a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet. The study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2021. The concentrations of total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced (GSH), and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) and calprotectin were measured in serum samples of 72 healthy prepubertal children (32 vegetarians and 40 omnivores). The oxidative stress index (OSI) and the GSH/GSSG ratio (R-index) were calculated. Children on a vegetarian diet had significantly lower median values of TOC, GSH, and GSSG, and higher TAC compared with the omnivores. OSI was significantly lower in vegetarians, while R-index, as well as median values of CRP and calprotectin did not differ between both groups of children. Significant negative correlations were observed between TOC and TAC levels in the whole group of children and in vegetarians. GSH and GSSG levels correlated positively in the groups of vegetarians, omnivores, and in all the children. There were significant positive correlations between TOC and GSH, as well as GSSG levels in all the studied groups of children. Our study results suggest that the vegetarian model of nutrition allows to maintain the oxidant-antioxidant balance in the serum of prepubertal children.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alharbi AS, Alsulami S. Interplay Between Sociodemographic Variables, Physical Activity, Sleep, Dietary Habits, and Immune Health Status: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia's Western Province. Cureus 2023; 15:e33211. [PMID: 36733572 PMCID: PMC9887924 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to developing effective therapeutic approaches, the maintenance of health also constitutes lifestyle and behavioral aspects related to being more resilient in the event of future illness. Reduced immune health has been linked to reports of more frequent and severe infections as well as a variety of non-communicable diseases, both of which may eventually place a significant burden on the healthcare system. Several lifestyles and behaviors can influence immune health, both positively and negatively. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the immune health status and investigate its relationship with widely practiced lifestyle behaviors that are thought to affect immunological functioning. DESIGN AND METHOD Saudi Arabian citizens and international residents of the Western Province were invited to participate in this cross-sectional web-based survey through an online advertisement. The integrated questionnaire on lifestyle (Arab Teens Lifestyle Study) and immune health status (Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ)) was completed in November 2022 by 1230 participants. Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square, or Fisher's exact test was utilized to investigate the relationships between study variables and immune health status groups. Spearman's or Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine correlations between the overall ISQ scores and study variables. RESULTS Of the 925 study participants, 34.7% scored below 6 on the ISQ. Of the respondents, 50% had a body mass index of 25 or higher, and 46.3% reported sleeping less than four hours each night. Of the participants, 62-82% did not engage in any form of physical activity. The associations between the ISQ score and weight (p = 0.006), total sleep time per night (p = 0.001), duration of household activities (p < 0.001), and smoking status (p = 0.001) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS According to the data presented here, reduced immune health as measured by ISQ < 6 was prevalent among residents of Saudi Arabia's Western Province and correlated significantly with obesity, sleep duration, and smoking status. Various measures to mitigate the negative impact of an unhealthy lifestyle on public health and to reverse the observed poor immune health and their economic consequences are highly required.
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Bermúdez-Millán A, Feinn R, Hahn C, Jui SA, Berthold SM, Buckley T, Buxton O, Kong S, Kuoch T, Scully M, Wagner J. SNAP participation moderates the association between household food insecurity and HbA1c among Cambodian Americans with depression. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1718-1731. [PMID: 34121523 PMCID: PMC8666460 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1939272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We tested whether participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) moderated the relation between household food insecurity and HbA1c among Cambodian Americans with depression enrolled in a diabetes prevention trial. METHODS Community health workers assessed household food insecurity and SNAP participation. HbA1c was ascertained using direct enzymatic assay. RESULTS Among the n = 189 respondents, 19% were food insecure, 41% received SNAP benefits, and mean HbA1c = 5.5%. There was a significant interaction between SNAP and food insecurity. HbA1c was highest among participants without SNAP who were food insecure. Simple effects analysis revealed a significant difference within the no SNAP group [Mean (SD): Secure = 5.38 (0.38), Insecure = 5.78 (0.36)] and no difference within the SNAP group [Secure = 5.61(0.44), Insecure = 5.61(0.55)]. Differences remained significant after controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical indicators. CONCLUSIONS SNAP may protect against the deleterious association between household food insecurity and HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bermúdez-Millán
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Program in Applied Public Health Sciences, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Richard Feinn
- School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT, USA
| | - Chelsey Hahn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Program in Applied Public Health Sciences, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shanjida A Jui
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Program in Applied Public Health Sciences, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - S Megan Berthold
- University of Connecticut, School of Social Work, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Buckley
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Orfeu Buxton
- Elizabeth Fenton Susman Professor of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sengly Kong
- Khmer Health Advocates, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | | | - Mary Scully
- Khmer Health Advocates, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Julie Wagner
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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van Oostrom EC, Mulder KEW, Verheul MCE, Hendriksen PA, Thijssen S, Kraneveld AD, Vlieg-Boerstra B, Garssen J, Verster JC. A healthier daily diet is associated with greater immune fitness. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Papaioannou KG, Kadi F, Nilsson A. Consumption of Vegetables Is Associated with Systemic Inflammation in Older Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091765. [PMID: 35565733 PMCID: PMC9105870 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that healthy diets rich in fruits and vegetables (FV) can modulate the inflammatory status in older adults. However, to determine the actual impact of FV on inflammatory status, adiposity level and objectively assessed physical activity (PA) behaviors need to be considered. The aim of the present study was to explore associations between FV intake and biomarkers of systemic inflammation in older adults. Based on a sample of 233 older adults (65−70 years old), the following inflammatory biomarkers were assessed: C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-18, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). FV intake was assessed by self-report, and PA behaviors encompassing time spent sedentary and in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were determined using accelerometers. Associations between FV intake and inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using stepwise linear regression models while adjusting for several covariates, including health-related food groups, adherence to the MVPA guidelines, total sedentary time, and waist circumference. While no significant associations were observed for the total FV intake, the vegetable intake was inversely associated with levels of IL6 (β = −0.15; p < 0.05). In contrast, fruit intake was not associated with any inflammatory biomarker. In conclusion, our findings indicate beneficial associations between vegetable intake and levels of a pro-inflammatory biomarker in older adults, which strengthens public health efforts to promote vegetable-rich diets in older adults to mitigate age-related systemic inflammation.
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Noren Hooten N, Pacheco NL, Smith JT, Evans MK. The accelerated aging phenotype: The role of race and social determinants of health on aging. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101536. [PMID: 34883202 PMCID: PMC10862389 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit to discover the fundamental biology and mechanisms of aging within the context of the physical and social environment is critical to designing interventions to prevent and treat its complex phenotypes. Aging research is critically linked to understanding health disparities because these inequities shape minority aging, which may proceed on a different trajectory than the overall population. Health disparities are characteristically seen in commonly occurring age-associated diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease as well as diabetes mellitus and cancer. The early appearance and increased severity of age-associated disease among African American and low socioeconomic status (SES) individuals suggests that the factors contributing to the emergence of health disparities may also induce a phenotype of 'premature aging' or 'accelerated aging' or 'weathering'. In marginalized and low SES populations with high rates of early onset age-associated disease the interaction of biologic, psychosocial, socioeconomic and environmental factors may result in a phenotype of accelerated aging biologically similar to premature aging syndromes with increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, premature accumulation of oxidative DNA damage, defects in DNA repair and higher levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Health disparities, therefore, may be the end product of this complex interaction in populations at high risk. This review will examine the factors that drive both health disparities and the accelerated aging phenotype that ultimately contributes to premature mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Natasha L Pacheco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jessica T Smith
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Mediterranean Diet a Potential Strategy against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 57:medicina57121389. [PMID: 34946334 PMCID: PMC8704657 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean Diet represents the traditional eating habits of populations living around the Mediterranean Sea, and it is associated with a lower risk of overall mortality and cancer incidence and cardiovascular diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new pandemic, and represents a significant and critical threat to global human health. In this study, we aimed to review the possible effects of Mediterranean Diet against the risk of the coronavirus disease 2019. Several vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and phytochemicals with their potential anti-COVID-19 activity are presented. Different risk factors may increase or reduce the probability of contracting the disease. Mediterranean Diet has also a positive action on inflammation and immune system and could have a protective effect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Further studies are needed to corroborate the benefits of the Mediterranean Diet protective role on infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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Tu W, Yan F, Chao B, Ji X, Wang L. Status of hyperhomocysteinemia in China: results from the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening Program, 2018. Front Med 2021; 15:903-912. [PMID: 34893949 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A nationwide survey was conducted from October 2018 to September 2019 to assess the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) and its influencing factors in China. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information. Hhcy was defined as the level of serum homocysteine (HCY) ⩾ 15.0µmol/L. The H-type hypertension (HHYP) was defined as hypertension with an elevated serum HCY 15.0µmol/L). Finally, 110 551 residents ⩾ 40 years of age from 31 provinces in the mainland of China were included. Overall, the median serum HCY level was 10.9µmol/L (interquartile range 7.9-15.1). A total of 28 633 participants (25.9%) were defined as Hhcy. The Hhcy prevalence ranged from 7.9% in Shanghai to 56.8% in Tianjin. The data showed that serum HCY levels were associated with age, male gender, cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, ethnicity, endurance in exercise (inverse), and fruit and vegetable intake (inverse). In addition, 15 486 participants were defined as HHYP, and the rate was 14.0%. HHYP was an independent predictor of stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.752 (95% CI 1.338-2.105). The geographical distribution pattern of the Hhcy epidemic reflects dynamic differences, and national strategies should be carried out to further improve the care of patients with Hhcy across China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Tu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.,The General Office of Stroke Prevention Project Committee, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100053, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Baohua Chao
- The General Office of Stroke Prevention Project Committee, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Longde Wang
- The General Office of Stroke Prevention Project Committee, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100053, China.
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15
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Matsui S, Someya Y, Yoshida H. Relations Between Urinary Albumin Excretion and a Dietary Intake of Fruits in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Med Res 2021; 13:151-157. [PMID: 33854654 PMCID: PMC8016520 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It was reported that microalbuminuria and a decline in renal function were associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and renal events and prognostic serious complications. Dietary factors and nutrients affecting microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes remain unclear, and accordingly we conducted a cross-sectional study on the possible relevance of dietary factors to urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods Forty-two patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this study, and these subjects were categorized into patients without microalbuminuria group with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of less than 30 mg/g Cr (n = 29) and a microalbuminuria group with ACR of 30 - 299 mg/g Cr (n = 13). ACR levels were measured using spot urine samples. At the time of examination, body mass index (BMI) and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured and recorded. We performed sampling fasting-blood and spot urine and conducted a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups to examine dietary habits for the past 1 - 2 months. Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, duration, BMI, blood pressures, biochemical data, and the median of daily intakes of energy and macronutrients between patients without microalbuminuria and microalbuminuria groups. In the intake of 17 food groups per day, fruits were significantly lower in the microalbuminuria group than in patients without microalbuminuria group (the median was 38 g vs. 120 g/day, P < 0.05), but intakes of other food groups were not significantly different between the two groups. Moreover, we examined a model of partial correlation between ACR to the intake of fruits, adjusted by age, sex, glycated hemoglobin and BMI. This partial correlation was insignificantly seen but close to a significant level (partial correlation coefficient: -0.270, P = 0.102). Conclusions These results suggest that the intake of fruits may be inversely associated with microalbuminuria in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. It would be necessary to investigate the exact types and amounts of fruits to be consumed to address microalbuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadako Matsui
- Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Someya
- Someya Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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16
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Saghafi-Asl M, Mirmajidi S, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Vahid F, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Ebrahimzadeh Attari V. The association of dietary patterns with dietary inflammatory index, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance, in apparently healthy individuals with obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7515. [PMID: 33824355 PMCID: PMC8024341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is considered a key mechanism leading to obesity. Dietary patterns and certain food items influence inflammation. Few studies have investigated the contribution of major dietary patterns to biological measures of inflammation. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the associations of different dietary patterns with dietary inflammatory index (DII), systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR) in the apparently healthy obese. In this cross-sectional study, 151 abdominally obese subjects were recruited from the Northwest of Iran. Dietary intake, demographic data, anthropometric indices, and physical activity (PA) was assessed. DII scores were calculated based on a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three dietary patterns were identified, using principal component analysis. Basal blood samples were collected to determine biochemical parameters. Linear regression test with adjusted beta estimates was applied for data analysis. Three dietary patterns were extracted as Healthy, Western, and Traditional. Body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.01) and fat mass (p < 0.001) were directly associated with the Western dietary pattern. Conversely, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) (b = - 0.1, p < 0.04) was negatively associated with Healthy dietary pattern, after controlling for confounders. The Traditional pattern was found to be inversely related to DII (b = - 0.3, p < 0.001). The association was also reveresed between Traditional pattern and IR (Odds Ratio: 0.3 (95% Confidence Interval 0.1-0.9)). The results suggested that the Western dietary pattern was related to higher BMI and fat mass. In addition, the Healthy pattern was associated with decreased levels of LBP. Adherence to the Traditional dietary pattern was inversely related to DII as well as IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saghafi-Asl
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Susan Mirmajidi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ,grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- grid.451012.30000 0004 0621 531XLuxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- grid.254567.70000 0000 9075 106XDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA ,grid.254567.70000 0000 9075 106XCancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA ,grid.486905.6Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC 29201 USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- grid.254567.70000 0000 9075 106XDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA ,grid.254567.70000 0000 9075 106XCancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA ,grid.486905.6Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC 29201 USA
| | - Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh Attari
- grid.449862.5Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Margheh, Iran
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17
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Association between dietary flavonoid intakes and C-reactive protein levels: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e15. [PMID: 33889398 PMCID: PMC8057367 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the intake of specific flavonoid-rich foods may reduce C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, the association between dietary flavonoid intakes and CRP is inconsistent. We aim to describe dietary flavonoid intakes in a Taiwanese nationally representative sample and to investigate the association between flavonoid intakes and CRP. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on 2592 adults from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005–8. Flavonoid intakes were estimated by linking the 24-h dietary recall with the U.S. Department of Agriculture flavonoid database and divided into quartiles. Adjusted estimates of the flavonoid intakes for the continuous and binary (elevated CRP: >0⋅3 mg/dl) variables were performed by using general linear and logistic regression. We found that tea, orange, tofu and sweet potato leaves/water spinach constituted the major food items of the total flavonoid intake. The total flavonoid intake was lower among women and elderly. Compared with the lowest total flavonoid intake quartile, participants in higher quartiles were associated with a lower CRP status (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0⋅61, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0⋅44–0⋅86 for the highest quartiles). The trends were similar for flavonol and flavan-3-ol intakes. Compared with non-consumers, tea consumers were likely to have a lower CRP status (adjusted OR: 0⋅74, 95 % CI: 0⋅57–0⋅97). In brief, a higher total flavonoid intake and tea consumption were inversely associated with CRP levels, indicating that a high-flavonoid diet may contribute to anti-inflammatory effects. A Taiwanese flavonoid content table is necessary for conducting further studies related to flavonoids in Taiwan.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- C-reactive protein
- CI, confidence interval
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- Cross-sectional study
- DBP, diastolic blood pressure
- FDB-EXP, USDA's Expanded Flavonoid Database for the Assessment of Dietary Intakes
- Flavonoid-rich foods
- Flavonoids
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- NAHSIT 2005-8, Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2005–2008
- OR, odds ratio
- SBP, systolic blood pressure
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18
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Ojetola AA, Adedeji TG, Fasanmade AA. Changes in antioxidants status, atherogenic index and cardiovascular variables after prolonged doses of D-ribose-L-cysteine in male Wistar rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06287. [PMID: 33665444 PMCID: PMC7902549 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
D-ribose-L-cysteine (DRLC) acts as a rate limiting substrate for the synthesis of glutathione (GSH). GSH deficiency has been linked to oxidative stress, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. There are limited findings on the effects of DRLC in the physiologic state. This study was therefore designed to investigate cardiovascular effects of different doses of DRLC in normal Wistar rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats were assigned into 3 groups (n = 5). Group 1 was administered orally with 10 mg/kg distilled water (Control). Groups 2 and 3 were administered orally with DRLC 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg respectively daily for 8 weeks, respectively. Animals were weighed; blood pressure and heart rate measured using rat tail cuff method. They were euthanized, blood collected and organs harvested. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined through ELISA. Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), heart GSH, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total thiol and lipid profile and were assessed through spectrophotometry. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM and compared by ANOVA at P < 0.05. DRLC 250 significantly increased total thiol, GSH and GPx in heart tissues but decreased GGT, atherogenic index and CRP in normal male Wistar rats compared to DRLC 125 and control. DRLC supplementation in normal male Wistar rats may sustain cardio functions and decrease atherogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Temitope Gabriel Adedeji
- Department of Physiology, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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19
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Perzia B, Ying GS, Dunaief JL, Dunaief DM. Once-Daily Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (LIFE) Smoothie or the Full LIFE Diet Lowers C-Reactive Protein and Raises Plasma Beta-Carotene in 7 Days. Am J Lifestyle Med 2020; 16:753-764. [DOI: 10.1177/1559827620962458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, is associated with increased risk for numerous inflammation-driven chronic diseases. A prior longitudinal study showed that the Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (LIFE) diet, which is rich in dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), lowered CRP over a mean follow-up period of 6 months. In this retrospective study, we investigate whether patients who consume the LIFE diet or their regular diet plus one component of the LIFE diet (LIFE smoothie), experience reductions in high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) in 7 days. Sixteen patients in a community practice met inclusion criteria. Patient compliance was assessed by patient interviews and measurements of beta-carotene, which is abundant in DGLV. Following the interventions, CRP decreased in both the LIFE diet (−0.47 mg/L, P = .02) and smoothie groups (−1.2 mg/L, P = .04). No statistically significant difference in reduction was observed between groups ( P = .18). Plasma beta-carotene increased in both groups (+23.2, P = .02; +20.6, P = .006, respectively). These findings suggest that the LIFE diet or a regular American diet supplemented with the LIFE smoothie may quickly reduce systemic inflammation and the risk of many chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Perzia
- Renaissance Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York (BP)
- Department of Ophthalmology (GSY), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology (JLD), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Medical Compass MD, Brooklyn, New York (DMD)
| | - Gui-Shuang Ying
- Renaissance Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York (BP)
- Department of Ophthalmology (GSY), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology (JLD), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Medical Compass MD, Brooklyn, New York (DMD)
| | - Joshua L. Dunaief
- Renaissance Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York (BP)
- Department of Ophthalmology (GSY), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology (JLD), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Medical Compass MD, Brooklyn, New York (DMD)
| | - David M. Dunaief
- Renaissance Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York (BP)
- Department of Ophthalmology (GSY), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology (JLD), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Medical Compass MD, Brooklyn, New York (DMD)
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20
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Iddir M, Brito A, Dingeo G, Fernandez Del Campo SS, Samouda H, La Frano MR, Bohn T. Strengthening the Immune System and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Diet and Nutrition: Considerations during the COVID-19 Crisis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1562. [PMID: 32471251 PMCID: PMC7352291 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Challenges arise concerning how to optimally support the immune system in the general population, especially under self-confinement. An optimal immune response depends on an adequate diet and nutrition in order to keep infection at bay. For example, sufficient protein intake is crucial for optimal antibody production. Low micronutrient status, such as of vitamin A or zinc, has been associated with increased infection risk. Frequently, poor nutrient status is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which in turn can impact the immune system. Dietary constituents with especially high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity include vitamin C, vitamin E, and phytochemicals such as carotenoids and polyphenols. Several of these can interact with transcription factors such as NF-kB and Nrf-2, related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, respectively. Vitamin D in particular may perturb viral cellular infection via interacting with cell entry receptors (angiotensin converting enzyme 2), ACE2. Dietary fiber, fermented by the gut microbiota into short-chain fatty acids, has also been shown to produce anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, we highlight the importance of an optimal status of relevant nutrients to effectively reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby strengthening the immune system during the COVID-19 crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Iddir
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Alex Brito
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology. I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University, Trubetskay Str. 8, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Giulia Dingeo
- Independent Researcher, Val de Marne, 94999 Paris, France;
| | - Sofia Sosa Fernandez Del Campo
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Michael R. La Frano
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; (M.I.); or (A.B.); (S.S.F.D.C.); (H.S.)
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21
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Xu C, Marchand NE, Driban JB, McAlindon T, Eaton CB, Lu B. Dietary Patterns and Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:667-676. [PMID: 31912140 PMCID: PMC7049524 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While some individual foods and nutrients have been associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) progression, the association between dietary patterns and KOA progression has received little research attention. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary patterns, derived by principal components analysis (PCA), are associated with KOA progression. METHODS In the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a prospective cohort with clinical centers in Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island, 2757 participants with existing KOA (mean age 62 y) and diet assessed at baseline were followed for ≤72 mo. Using PCA, Western and prudent dietary patterns were derived. Radiographic KOA progression was assessed using 2 separate measures, 1 full Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade increase and loss in joint space width (JSW). Symptomatic KOA progression was defined as an increase in or remaining in 1 of the 2 highest classification categories of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). RESULTS Adherence to Western and prudent dietary patterns was significantly associated with radiographic and symptomatic progression of KOA. With increasing Western pattern score, there was increased KL-worsening risk (compared with quartile 1, HR for quartile 4: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.61; P-trend < 0.01) and increased odds of progression to higher WOMAC score (compared with quartile 1, OR for quartile 4: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.63; P-trend < 0.01) but no significant change in JSW loss. With increasing prudent pattern score there was decreased KL-worsening risk (compared with quartile 1, HR for quartile 4: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.98; P-trend = 0.02), decreased JSW loss (quartile 1: 0.46 mm; quartile 4: 0.38 mm; P-trend < 0.01), and decreased odds of higher WOMAC progression (compared with quartile 1, OR for quartile 4 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.86; P-trend < 0.01) in multivariable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to a Western dietary pattern was associated with increased radiographic and symptomatic KOA progression, while following a prudent pattern was associated with reduced progression. In general, for people already diagnosed with KOA, eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, whole grains, and legumes may be related to decreased radiographic and symptomatic disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nathalie E Marchand
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey B Driban
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Timothy McAlindon
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Brown University Center for Primary Care and Prevention, Pawtucket, RI,Departments of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Bing Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Address correspondence to BL (e-mail: )
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22
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Schultz H, Ying GS, Dunaief JL, Dunaief DM. Rising Plasma Beta-Carotene Is Associated With Diminishing C-Reactive Protein in Patients Consuming a Dark Green Leafy Vegetable-Rich, Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (LIFE) Diet. Am J Lifestyle Med 2019; 15:634-643. [PMID: 34916884 DOI: 10.1177/1559827619894954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to a number of chronic diseases and can be assessed with C-reactive protein (CRP). In this longitudinal retrospective chart review, we investigate whether patients intensively counseled to eat a specific diet high in dark green leafy vegetables, and thus high beta-carotene, have reductions in plasma high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP). We term this the Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (LIFE) diet. Forty-three patients in a community practice instructed to eat the LIFE diet met inclusion criteria. The CRP levels were measured at least twice over the course of up to a year. Adherence to the diet was objectively assessed by measurement of plasma beta-carotene, which is abundant in dark green leafy vegetables, and subjectively by serial interviews. The change in beta-carotene was inversely correlated with change in CRP (r = -0.68, P < .0001). Additionally, patients subjectively classified as adherent had higher beta-carotene (P < .0001) and lower CRP (P = .002) as compared with patients who were classified as nonadherent. These longitudinal findings suggest that adherence to the LIFE diet leads to increased beta-carotene and decreased CRP. Thus, this type of diet may reduce risk or severity of chronic diseases involving inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schultz
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gui-Shuang Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua L Dunaief
- F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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23
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Associations of C-reactive protein and homocysteine concentrations with the impairment of intrinsic capacity domains over a 5-year follow-up among community-dwelling older adults at risk of cognitive decline (MAPT Study). Exp Gerontol 2019; 127:110716. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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24
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Bermúdez-Millán A, Wagner JA, Feinn RS, Segura-Pérez S, Damio G, Chhabra J, Pérez-Escamilla R. Inflammation and Stress Biomarkers Mediate the Association between Household Food Insecurity and Insulin Resistance among Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes. J Nutr 2019. [PMID: 31006809 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz021+[doi]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household food insecurity (HFI) is a stressor that is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about HFI and the insulin resistance (IR) underlying T2D, and the mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE We examined the cross-sectional association between HFI and IR among low-income Latinos with T2D and tested whether inflammation and stress hormones mediated this association. METHODS HFI was measured with the 6-item US Household Food Security Survey module. IR was calculated from fasting plasma blood glucose and serum insulin. Inflammation was indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and stress hormones included urinary cortisol, metanephrine, and normetanephrine. To test for an indirect effect of HFI on homeostasis model assessment of IR, a parallel multiple mediation model was run with biological markers that significantly differed between food security status-entered as mediators in the model. We used 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CIs, with 10,000 bootstrap samples, to assess the significance of the indirect effects. RESULTS The 121 participants with T2D were primarily Puerto Rican (85.8%), aged mean = 60.7 y, and 74% were female. Eighty-two (68%) were classified as food insecure. Compared with food-secure individuals, food-insecure individuals had a significantly higher IR [mean difference (Δ) = 7.21, P = 0.001], insulin (Δ = 9.7, P = 0.019), glucose (Δ = 41, P < 0.001), hsCRP (Δ = 0.8, P = 0.008), cortisol (Δ = 21, P = 0.045), and total cholesterol (Δ = 29, P = 0.004). Groups did not differ on other lipids, metanephrine, normetanephrine, or A1c. The mediation model showed a significant direct effect of HFI on hsCRP (P = 0.020) and on cortisol (P = 0.011). There was a direct effect of cortisol (P = 0.013), hsCRP (P = 0.044), and HFI on IR (P = 0.015). The total combined indirect effect of HFI through cortisol and hsCRP indicated partial mediation. CONCLUSIONS Among Latinos with T2D, HFI is associated with IR partially through inflammation and stress hormones. Interventions to ameliorate HFI and mitigate its effects on inflammation, stress, and IR are warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01578096.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie A Wagner
- Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine.,Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Richard S Feinn
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT
| | | | | | - Jyoti Chhabra
- Research Administration, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT
| | - Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
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Bermúdez-Millán A, Wagner JA, Feinn RS, Segura-Pérez S, Damio G, Chhabra J, Pérez-Escamilla R. Inflammation and Stress Biomarkers Mediate the Association between Household Food Insecurity and Insulin Resistance among Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes. J Nutr 2019; 149:982-988. [PMID: 31006809 PMCID: PMC6543200 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household food insecurity (HFI) is a stressor that is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about HFI and the insulin resistance (IR) underlying T2D, and the mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE We examined the cross-sectional association between HFI and IR among low-income Latinos with T2D and tested whether inflammation and stress hormones mediated this association. METHODS HFI was measured with the 6-item US Household Food Security Survey module. IR was calculated from fasting plasma blood glucose and serum insulin. Inflammation was indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and stress hormones included urinary cortisol, metanephrine, and normetanephrine. To test for an indirect effect of HFI on homeostasis model assessment of IR, a parallel multiple mediation model was run with biological markers that significantly differed between food security status-entered as mediators in the model. We used 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CIs, with 10,000 bootstrap samples, to assess the significance of the indirect effects. RESULTS The 121 participants with T2D were primarily Puerto Rican (85.8%), aged mean = 60.7 y, and 74% were female. Eighty-two (68%) were classified as food insecure. Compared with food-secure individuals, food-insecure individuals had a significantly higher IR [mean difference (Δ) = 7.21, P = 0.001], insulin (Δ = 9.7, P = 0.019), glucose (Δ = 41, P < 0.001), hsCRP (Δ = 0.8, P = 0.008), cortisol (Δ = 21, P = 0.045), and total cholesterol (Δ = 29, P = 0.004). Groups did not differ on other lipids, metanephrine, normetanephrine, or A1c. The mediation model showed a significant direct effect of HFI on hsCRP (P = 0.020) and on cortisol (P = 0.011). There was a direct effect of cortisol (P = 0.013), hsCRP (P = 0.044), and HFI on IR (P = 0.015). The total combined indirect effect of HFI through cortisol and hsCRP indicated partial mediation. CONCLUSIONS Among Latinos with T2D, HFI is associated with IR partially through inflammation and stress hormones. Interventions to ameliorate HFI and mitigate its effects on inflammation, stress, and IR are warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01578096.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie A Wagner
- Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine
- Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Richard S Feinn
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT
| | | | | | - Jyoti Chhabra
- Research Administration, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT
| | - Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
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Bermúdez-Millán A, Wagner JA, Feinn RS, Segura-Pérez S, Damio G, Chhabra J, Pérez-Escamilla R. Inflammation and Stress Biomarkers Mediate the Association between Household Food Insecurity and Insulin Resistance among Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes. J Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz021 [doi]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Household food insecurity (HFI) is a stressor that is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about HFI and the insulin resistance (IR) underlying T2D, and the mechanisms involved.
Objective
We examined the cross-sectional association between HFI and IR among low-income Latinos with T2D and tested whether inflammation and stress hormones mediated this association.
Methods
HFI was measured with the 6-item US Household Food Security Survey module. IR was calculated from fasting plasma blood glucose and serum insulin. Inflammation was indicated by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and stress hormones included urinary cortisol, metanephrine, and normetanephrine. To test for an indirect effect of HFI on homeostasis model assessment of IR, a parallel multiple mediation model was run with biological markers that significantly differed between food security status—entered as mediators in the model. We used 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CIs, with 10,000 bootstrap samples, to assess the significance of the indirect effects.
Results
The 121 participants with T2D were primarily Puerto Rican (85.8%), aged mean = 60.7 y, and 74% were female. Eighty-two (68%) were classified as food insecure. Compared with food-secure individuals, food-insecure individuals had a significantly higher IR [mean difference (Δ) = 7.21, P = 0.001], insulin (Δ = 9.7, P = 0.019), glucose (Δ = 41, P < 0.001), hsCRP (Δ = 0.8, P = 0.008), cortisol (Δ = 21, P = 0.045), and total cholesterol (Δ = 29, P = 0.004). Groups did not differ on other lipids, metanephrine, normetanephrine, or A1c. The mediation model showed a significant direct effect of HFI on hsCRP (P = 0.020) and on cortisol (P = 0.011). There was a direct effect of cortisol (P = 0.013), hsCRP (P = 0.044), and HFI on IR (P = 0.015). The total combined indirect effect of HFI through cortisol and hsCRP indicated partial mediation.
Conclusions
Among Latinos with T2D, HFI is associated with IR partially through inflammation and stress hormones. Interventions to ameliorate HFI and mitigate its effects on inflammation, stress, and IR are warranted. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01578096.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie A Wagner
- Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine
- Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Richard S Feinn
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT
| | | | | | - Jyoti Chhabra
- Research Administration, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT
| | - Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
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Moravejolahkami AR, Paknahad Z, Chitsaz A. Association of dietary patterns with systemic inflammation, quality of life, disease severity, relapse rate, severity of fatigue and anthropometric measurements in MS patients. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 23:920-930. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1580831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Chitsaz
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan, Iran
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A diet high in sugar-sweetened beverage and low in fruits and vegetables is associated with adiposity and a pro-inflammatory adipokine profile. Br J Nutr 2018; 120:1230-1239. [PMID: 30375290 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518002726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diet, obesity and adipokines play important roles in diabetes and CVD; yet, limited studies have assessed the relationship between diet and multiple adipokines. This cross-sectional study assessed associations between diet, adiposity and adipokines in Mexican Americans. The cohort included 1128 participants (age 34·7±8·2 years, BMI 29·5±5·9 kg/m2, 73·2 % female). Dietary intake was assessed by 12-month food frequency questionnaire. Adiposity was measured by BMI, total percentage body fat and percentage trunk fat using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Adiponectin, apelin, C-reactive protein (CRP), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV), IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-18, leptin, lipocalin, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), resistin, secreted frizzled protein 4 (SFRP-4), SFRP-5, TNF-α and visfatin were assayed with multiplex kits or ELISA. Joint multivariate associations between diet, adiposity and adipokines were analysed using canonical correlations adjusted for age, sex, energy intake and kinship. The median (interquartile range) energy intake was 9514 (7314, 11912) kJ/d. Overall, 55 % of total intake was accounted for by carbohydrates (24 % from sugar). A total of 66 % of the shared variation between diet and adiposity, and 34 % of diet and adipokines were explained by the top canonical correlation. The diet component was most represented by sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), fruit and vegetables. Participants consuming a diet high in SSB and low in fruits and vegetables had higher adiposity, CRP, leptin, and MCP-1, but lower SFRP-5 than participants with high fruit and vegetable and low SSB intake. In Mexican Americans, diets high in SSB but low in fruits and vegetables contribute to adiposity and a pro-inflammatory adipokine profile.
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Olson ML, Rentería-Mexía A, Connelly MA, Vega-López S, Soltero EG, Konopken YP, Williams AN, Castro FG, Keller CS, Yang HP, Todd MW, Shaibi GQ. Decreased GlycA after lifestyle intervention among obese, prediabetic adolescent Latinos. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 13:186-193. [PMID: 30342918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese youth with prediabetes are at increased risk for premature morbidity and mortality through multiple mechanisms, including increased systemic inflammation. GlycA is a novel measure of systemic inflammation that predicts type II diabetes, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality in adults. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to examine changes in GlycA after lifestyle intervention among obese, prediabetic Latino youth. METHODS Obese, prediabetic Latino youth (n = 27; 15.5 ± 1.1 years, 13 males/14 females) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and 3 d/wk of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Prediabetes was characterized by an expanded definition of impaired glucose tolerance, using 2-hour glucose ≥120 mg/dL after an oral glucose tolerance test. GlycA was assessed at baseline and 12 weeks using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS After the lifestyle intervention, GlycA was significantly reduced (445.3 ± 51.3 μmol/L to 419.0 ± 50.0 μmol/L, P = .01) (mean ± standard deviation). Additional improvements were observed in multiple cardiovascular risk factors, including body mass index (BMI; 34.8 ± 5.0 kg/m2 to 34.0 ± 5.1 kg/m2, P < .001), total cholesterol (154.1 ± 30.3 mg/dL to 143.3 ± 29.1 mg/dL, P = .003), and 2-hour glucose (141.0 ± 13.2 mg/dL to 115.9 ± 31.4 mg/dL, P < .001). Decreases in GlycA were associated with decreases in 2-hour glucose (r = 0.49, P = .008) and BMI (r = 0.41, P = .03). CONCLUSION These data are consistent with the hypothesis that lifestyle intervention might improve GlycA levels in obese, prediabetic adolescent Latinos, but randomized trial evidence is needed. Healthy lifestyle modifications among high-risk youth may decrease future risk of cardiometabolic disease through reducing systemic inflammation, in addition to improving traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah L Olson
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Ana Rentería-Mexía
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Margery A Connelly
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (LabCorp), Burlington, NC, USA
| | - Sonia Vega-López
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Erica G Soltero
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yolanda P Konopken
- Family Wellness Program, Virginia G. Piper, St. Vincent de Paul Medical and Dental Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Allison N Williams
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Felipe G Castro
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Colleen S Keller
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Hongwei P Yang
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Michael W Todd
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriel Q Shaibi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Jaceldo-Siegl K, Haddad E, Knutsen S, Fan J, Lloren J, Bellinger D, Fraser GE. Lower C-reactive protein and IL-6 associated with vegetarian diets are mediated by BMI. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:787-794. [PMID: 29704951 PMCID: PMC6818966 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The mechanism by which vegetarian diets are associated with less inflammation is not clear. We investigated the role of BMI as a mediator in the relationship between vegetarian diet and concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), and the cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from participants of the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2) Calibration (n = 893) and Biological Manifestations of Religion (n = 478) sub-studies. Vegetarian diet variations were determined based on reported intake of animal products assessed by FFQ. Combining all participants, the proportion of non-vegetarians (NVs), partial vegetarians (PVs), lacto-ovo vegetarians (LOVs), and strict vegetarians (SVs) was 44%, 16%, 31%, and 9%, respectively. NV and PV participants were older than other dietary groups, and non-vegetarians had the highest BMI. Mediation analyses supported the mediating effect of BMI in associations of vegetarian diet with CRP (p < 0.001 each for PV, LOV and SV), and with IL-6 (p < 0.05 each for PV, LOV and SV). Mediation by BMI was not evident between vegetarian diet and the biomarkers IL-10 and TNF-α. A direct pathway was significant only in the association between strict vegetarians and CRP (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION The lower CRP and IL-6 concentrations among vegetarians may be mediated by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jaceldo-Siegl
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States.
| | - E Haddad
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - S Knutsen
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - J Fan
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - J Lloren
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - D Bellinger
- Dept. of Pathology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - G E Fraser
- Adventist Health Study, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States; Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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Association of vegetarian diet with inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:2713-2721. [PMID: 28836492 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components. We aimed to investigate the effects of vegetarianism on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with omnivores. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Literature search was conducted in Science Direct, Proquest, MEDLINE and Google Scholar up to June 2016. Summary estimates and corresponding 95 % CI were derived via the DerSimonian and Laird method using random effects, subgroup analyses were run to find the source of heterogeneity and a fixed-effect model examined between-subgroup heterogeneity. SUBJECTS Studies were included if they evaluated effects of any type of vegetarianism compared with omnivores on circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. No restriction was made in terms of language or the date of study publications. RESULTS Eighteen articles were included. Pooled effect size showed no difference in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in vegetarians v. omnivores (Hedges' g=-0·15; 95 % CI -0·35, 0·05), with high heterogeneity (I 2=75·6 %, P<0·01). A subgroup analysis by minimum duration of vegetarianism showed that a minimum duration of 2 years vegetarianism was associated with lower hs-CRP levels v. omnivores (Hedges' g=-0·29; 95 % CI -0·59, 0·01), with moderate heterogeneity (I 2=68·9 %, P<0·01). No significant effect was found in studies using a minimum duration of 6 months of vegetarianism, with low heterogeneity. Vegetarianism was associated with increased IL-6 concentrations (0·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·25), with no heterogeneity (I 2=0·0 %, P=0·60). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years. Further research is necessary to draw appropriate conclusions regarding potential associations between vegetarianism and IL-6 levels. A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term.
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Vahid F, Shivappa N, Karamati M, Naeini AJ, Hebert JR, Davoodi SH. Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and risk of prediabetes: a case-control study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 42:399-404. [PMID: 28177734 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The possible relationship between diet-related inflammation and the risk of prediabetes requires further investigation, especially in non-Western populations. We examined the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the risk of prediabetes in a case-control study conducted at specialized centers in Esfahan, Iran. A total of 214 incident cases of prediabetes were selected with the nonrandom sampling procedure, and the 200 controls randomly selected from the same clinics were frequency-matched on age (±5 years) and sex. DII scores were computed based on dietary intake assessed using a validated and reproducible 168-item food-frequency questionnaire. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable beta estimates and odds ratios (ORs). Subjects in tertile 3 versus tertile 1 (T3VS1) of DII had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (DIIT3VS1: b = 4.49; 95% CI 1.89, 7.09), oral glucose tolerance (DIIT3VS1: b = 8.76; 95% CI 1.78, 15.73), HbA1c (DIIT3VS1: b = 0.30; 95% CI 0.17, 0.42), low-density lipoprotein (DIIT3VS1: b = 16.37; 95% CI 11.04, 21.69), triglyceride (DIIT3VS1: b = 21.01; 95% CI 8.61, 33.42) and body fat (DIIT3VS1: b = 2.41; 95% CI 0.56, 4.26) and lower high-density lipoprotein (DIIT3VS1: b = -3.39; 95% CI -5.94, -0.84) and lean body mass (DIIT3VS1: b = -3.11; 95% CI -4.83, -1.39). After multivariate adjustment, subjects in the most pro-inflammatory DII group had 19 times higher odds of developing prediabetes compared with subjects in tertile 1 (DIIT3VS1: OR = 18.88; 95% CI 7.02, 50.82). Similar results were observed when DII was used as a continuous variable, (DIIcontinuous: OR = 3.62; 95% CI 2.50, 5.22). Subjects who consumed a more pro-inflammatory diet were at increased risk of prediabetes compared with those who consumed a more anti-inflammatory diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- b Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,d Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Mohsen Karamati
- e Department of Nutrition Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - James R Hebert
- b Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,d Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,g Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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åsgård R, Rytter E, Basu S, Abramsson-Zetterberg L, Möller L, Vessby B. High intake of fruit and vegetables is related to low oxidative stress and inflammation in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD & NUTRITION 2016. [PMCID: PMC2606994 DOI: 10.1080/17482970701737285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rikard åsgård
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Elisabet Rytter
- Clinical Nutrition and MetabolismUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Samar Basu
- Clinical Nutrition and MetabolismUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Lennart Möller
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Bengt Vessby
- Clinical Nutrition and MetabolismUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Ko LK, Rodriguez E, Yoon J, Ravindran R, Copeland WK. A Brief Community-Based Nutrition Education Intervention Combined With Food Baskets Can Increase Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Low-Income Latinos. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 48:609-617.e1. [PMID: 27485464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of an 8-week community-based nutrition education program combined with food baskets on fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) among Latinos. DESIGN Pre-post intervention study assessing perceived barriers, knowledge, food efficacy, food outcomes, and FVC, using mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative). SETTING Participants' recruitment and data collection took place in the Seattle Metropolitan area from September 2012 to July 2013. PARTICIPANTS Participants' (n = 40) mean age was 37.8 (±10.5) years. Participants were mostly women, from Mexico, uninsured, low income, and overweight or obese. INTERVENTION Nuestras Comidas was developed through the use of the Social Cognitive Theory and focused on increasing behavioral capability, food efficacy, food outcomes, and FVC. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Dependent variables were knowledge, perceived barriers, food efficacy, food outcomes, and FVC. Independent variable was the intervention (pre-post). STATISTICAL ANALYSES A McNemar exact test was computed for categorical variables and Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t test for continuous variables. Focus group data were analyzed by identifying common themes. RESULTS Participation in the intervention was significantly associated with increased knowledge, food efficacy, and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A brief nutrition education intervention combined with food baskets can improve healthy eating among Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K Ko
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
| | - Edgar Rodriguez
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jihye Yoon
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Wade K Copeland
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Dietary Phytochemicals: Natural Swords Combating Inflammation and Oxidation-Mediated Degenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5137431. [PMID: 27721914 PMCID: PMC5046019 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5137431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cumulatively, degenerative disease is one of the most fatal groups of diseases, and it contributes to the mortality and poor quality of life in the world while increasing the economic burden of the sufferers. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the major pathogenic causes of degenerative diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although a number of synthetic medications are used to treat these diseases, none of the current regimens are completely safe. Phytochemicals (polyphenols, carotenoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, and terpenes) from natural products such as dietary fruits, vegetables, and spices are potential sources of alternative medications to attenuate the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with degenerative diseases. Based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials, some of these active compounds have shown good promise for development into novel agents for treating RA, DM, and CVD by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation. In this review, phytochemicals from natural products with the potential of ameliorating degenerative disease involving the bone, metabolism, and the heart are described.
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Esenwa CC, Elkind MS. Inflammatory risk factors, biomarkers and associated therapy in ischaemic stroke. Nat Rev Neurol 2016; 12:594-604. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abete I, Zulet MA, Goyenechea E, Blazquez V, de Arce Borda AM, Lopez de Munain A, Martinez JA. Association of lifestyle, inflammatory factors, and dietary patterns with the risk of suffering a stroke: A case-control study. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 21:70-78. [PMID: 27603597 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1226473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle, including dietary patterns, could involve specific factors participating in inflammation that confer a higher risk of suffering a stroke. However, little attention has been apparently given to habitual food consumption in patients suffering a cerebrovascular event. OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of dietary habits as well as other lifestyle-related variables on the risk of suffering a stroke. DESIGN A case-control study was designed. Fifty-one cases (age: 59.1 ± 9.1y.o; BMI; 30.8 ± 3.4 kg/m2) and 51 controls (age: 61.1 ± 9.1y.o; BMI; 30.4 ± 3.6 kg/m2) were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric and body composition variables were measured. Dietary information was obtained from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity and lifestyle-related factors were assessed. Blood samples were drawn. RESULTS Patients suffering a stroke showed higher prevalence of diabetes (30 vs. 7.7%; P = 0.020) and hypertension (74.5 vs. 40.3%; P < 0.001) and were less physically active (36.7 vs. 66.6%; P = 0.024) than controls. Patients registered worse glucose and lipid profiles, higher levels of hepatic biomarkers, and higher blood cell counts than controls. Stroked patients showed lower adherence to a statistically derived healthy dietary pattern than controls (23.5 vs. 42.3%; P = 0.017). A logistic regression model was built up considering hypertension, diabetes, smoking, physical activity, adherence to a 'healthy dietary pattern' and C-reactive protein concentration. The final model strongly associated with the risk of suffering a stroke (R2: 44.6%; Pmodel < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Lifestyle variables such as physical activity, smoking habit, and a dietary pattern including foods with low inflammatory potential play an important role in the reduction of the risk of suffering a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Abete
- a Department of Food Science and Physiology , University of Navarra , Irunlarrea s/n 31008 , Pamplona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CiberObn) , Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Zulet
- a Department of Food Science and Physiology , University of Navarra , Irunlarrea s/n 31008 , Pamplona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CiberObn) , Spain.,c Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA) , Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Goyenechea
- d Department of Neurosciences , Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia) , Paseo Doctor Beguiristain 20014, San Sebastian , Spain
| | - Vanessa Blazquez
- d Department of Neurosciences , Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia) , Paseo Doctor Beguiristain 20014, San Sebastian , Spain
| | - Ana Maria de Arce Borda
- d Department of Neurosciences , Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia) , Paseo Doctor Beguiristain 20014, San Sebastian , Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- d Department of Neurosciences , Biodonostia Health Research Institute (IIS Biodonostia) , Paseo Doctor Beguiristain 20014, San Sebastian , Spain.,e Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- a Department of Food Science and Physiology , University of Navarra , Irunlarrea s/n 31008 , Pamplona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CiberObn) , Spain.,c Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA) , Spain
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Sotos-Prieto M, Bhupathiraju SN, Falcon LM, Gao X, Tucker KL, Mattei J. Association between a Healthy Lifestyle Score and inflammatory markers among Puerto Rican adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:178-184. [PMID: 26838054 PMCID: PMC4788524 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relationship between multiple lifestyle components analyzed in combination and inflammation remains understudied. We aimed to assess the association between a Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS) that includes adherence to five behavioral components (diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, smoking, social support and network, and sleep) and inflammatory markers, as well as the role of the HLS in inflammation among individuals with cardiometabolic conditions, in Puerto Rican adults. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cross-sectional study of 842 Puerto Ricans adults (aged 45-75 y) living in Boston, MA, the HLS (range = 0-190; maximum indicative of healthiest adherence) was analyzed for association with three inflammatory markers: interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In multivariable-adjusted models, the HLS was inversely associated with IL-6 (β ± SE = -0.55 ± 0.13; P < 0.001) and TNF-α (-0.39 ± 0.13; P = 0.004). The dietary and smoking components were associated with both inflammatory markers independently of the other HLS components. Significant inverse associations were observed for each 20-unit increase in HLS and IL-6 and TNF-α for participants with hypertension (n = 600; β ± SE = -0.58 ± 0.16; -0.46 ± 0.16, respectively) and with overweight/obesity (n = 743; β ± SE = -0.59 ± 0.13; -0.50 ± 0.14, respectively), but not for those with diabetes (n = 187) or heart disease (n = 192). The HLS was not associated with CRP, after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSION Higher adherence to multiple lifestyle behaviors was associated with lower concentrations of inflammatory markers. Because low-grade inflammation may precede chronic diseases, following an overall healthy lifestyle may help lower risk of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S N Bhupathiraju
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L M Falcon
- College of Fine Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - X Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - K L Tucker
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - J Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Miller SJ, Batra AK, Shearrer GE, House BT, Cook LT, Pont SJ, Goran MI, Davis JN. Dietary fibre linked to decreased inflammation in overweight minority youth. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:33-9. [PMID: 25728000 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between diet and inflammation, and adiposity in minority youth. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 142 overweight (≥85th body mass index percentile) Hispanic and African-American adolescents (14-18 years) with the following measures: anthropometrics, adiposity via magnetic resonance imaging, dietary intake via 24-h dietary recalls, and inflammation markers from fasting blood draws utilizing a multiplex panel. Partial correlations were estimated and analysis of covariance (ancova) models fit to examine the relationship among dietary variables, inflammation markers and adiposity measures with the following a priori covariates: Tanner stage, ethnicity, sex, total energy intake, total body fat and total lean mass. RESULTS Inference based on ancova models showed that the highest tertile of fibre intake (mean intake of 21.3 ± 6.1 g d(-1) ) vs. the lowest tertile of fibre intake (mean intake of 7.4 ± 1.8 g d(-1) ) was associated with 36% lower plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P = 0.02) and 43% lower resistin (P = 0.02), independent of covariates. Similar results were seen for insoluble fibre. No other dietary variables included in this study were associated with inflammation markers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that increases in dietary fibre could play an important role in lowering inflammation and therefore metabolic disease risk in high-risk minority youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - A K Batra
- Drug Dynamics Institute, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - G E Shearrer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - B T House
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - L T Cook
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - S J Pont
- Texas Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity, Austin, USA
| | - M I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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Bethancourt HJ, Kratz M, Beresford SAA, Hayes MG, Kuzawa CW, Duazo PL, Borja JB, Eisenberg DTA. No association between blood telomere length and longitudinally assessed diet or adiposity in a young adult Filipino population. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:295-308. [PMID: 26497538 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Telomeres, DNA-protein structures that cap and protect chromosomes, are thought to shorten more rapidly when exposed to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Diet and nutritional status may be a source of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, relationships between telomere length (TL) and diet or adiposity have primarily been studied cross-sectionally among older, overweight/obese populations and yielded inconsistent results. Little is known about the relationship between diet or body composition and TL among younger, low- to normal-weight populations. It also remains unclear how cumulative exposure to a specific diet or body composition during the years of growth and development, when telomere attrition is most rapid, may be related to TL in adulthood. METHODS In a sample of 1459 young adult Filipinos, we assessed the relationship between blood TL at ages 20.8-22.5 and measures of BMI z-score, waist circumference, and diet collected between the ages of 8.5 and 22.5. TL was measured using monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR, and diet was measured using multiple 24-h recalls. RESULTS We found no associations between blood TL and any of the measures of adiposity or between blood TL and the seven dietary factors examined: processed meats, fried/grilled meats and fish, non-fried fish, coconut oil, fruits and vegetables, bread and bread products, and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS Considering the inconsistencies in the literature and our null results, small differences in body composition and consumption of any single pro- or anti-inflammatory dietary component may not by themselves have a meaningful impact on telomere integrity, or the impact may differ across distinct ecological circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Bethancourt
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Mario Kratz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher W Kuzawa
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Paulita L Duazo
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Judith B Borja
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Daniel T A Eisenberg
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported inverse associations between various single healthy diet indices and lower levels of systemic inflammation, but rarely are they examined in the same sample. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential relationships between biomarkers of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen) and overall foods (dietary patterns), single foods (fruits and vegetables), and specific nutritive (antioxidants) and non-nutritive (flavonoids) food components in the same narrow-age cohort of older adults. The dietary intake of 792 participants aged 70 years from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 was assessed using a 168-item FFQ. Models were adjusted for age, sex, childhood cognitive ability, lifestyle factors and history of disease. Using logistic regression analyses, CRP (normal v. elevated) was favourably associated (at P< 0·05) with the ‘health-aware’ (low-fat) dietary pattern (unstandardised β = (0·200, OR 0·82, 95 % CI 0·68, 0·99) and fruit intake (unstandardised β = (0·100, OR 0·91, 95 % CI 0·82, 0·99), including flavonoid-rich apples (unstandardised β = (0·456, OR 0·63, 95 % CI 0·439, 0·946). Using linear regression analyses, fibrinogen (continuous) was inversely associated (at P< 0·05) with the Mediterranean dietary pattern (standardised β = (0·100), fruit intake (standardised β = (0·083), and combined fruit and vegetable intake (standardised β = (0·084). We observed no association between food components (antioxidant nutrients or specific flavonoid subclasses) and inflammatory markers. In the present cross-sectional study, nutrient-dense dietary patterns were associated with lower levels of systemic inflammation in older people. The results are consistent with dietary guidelines that promote a balanced diet based on a variety of plant-based foods.
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McEvoy CT, Wallace IR, Hamill LL, Hunter SJ, Neville CE, Patterson CC, Woodside JV, Young IS, McKinley MC. Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake Has No Dose-Response Effect on Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Adults at High Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Disease. J Nutr 2015; 145:1464-71. [PMID: 25972532 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.213090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving diet and lifestyle is important for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Observational evidence suggests that increasing fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption may lower CVD risk, largely through modulation of established risk factors, but intervention data are required to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which FVs exert benefits on vascular health. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the dose-response effect of FV intake on cardiovascular risk factors in adults at high CVD risk. METHODS This was a randomized controlled parallel group study involving overweight adults (BMI: >27 and ≤35 kg/m(2)) with a habitually low FV intake (≤160 g/d) and a high total risk of developing CVD (estimated ≥20% over 10 y). After a 4-wk run-in period where FV intake was limited to <2 portions/d (<160 g/d), 92 eligible participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: to consume either 2, 4, or 7 portions (equivalent to 160 g, 320 g, or 560 g, respectively) of FVs daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Fasting venous blood samples were collected at baseline (week 4) and post-intervention (week 16) for analysis of lipid fractions and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations. Compliance with the FV intervention was determined with use of self-reported FV intake and biomarkers of micronutrient status. Ambulatory blood pressure and body composition were also measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS A total of 89 participants completed the study and body composition remained stable throughout the intervention period. Despite good compliance with the intervention, no significant difference was found between the FV groups for change in measures of ambulatory blood pressure, plasma lipids, or hsCRP concentrations. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of a dose-response effect of FV intake on conventional CVD risk factors measured in overweight adults at high CVD risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00874341.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire T McEvoy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Ian R Wallace
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Lesley L Hamill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Steven J Hunter
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Charlotte E Neville
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
| | | | - Jayne V Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Ian S Young
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
| | - Michelle C McKinley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland; and
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Kim S, Rimando J, Sandler DP. Fruit and vegetable intake and urinary levels of prostaglandin E₂ metabolite in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:580-6. [PMID: 25811232 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1011787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an inflammatory mediator that plays key roles in promoting tumor development and progression. Urinary concentration of a major PGE2 metabolite (PGE-M) has been recently proposed as a promising cancer biomarker. Using dietary intake data from 600 postmenopausal women aged 50-74 years, we examined cross-sectional relationships between fruit and vegetable intake and urinary levels of PGE-M, determined using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. After multivariable adjustment, increasing consumption of fruits, but not vegetables, was associated with reduced levels of urinary PGE-M (P for linear trend = 0.02), with geometric means of 5.8 [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.2-6.6] in the lowest quintile versus 4.8 (95% CI: 4.3-5.4) in the highest quintile (Q5) of fruit consumption. A better quality diet, indicated by higher scores on the Healthy Eating Index, was also associated with decreased PGE-M (P for linear trend <0.01). The lack of association with vegetable intake may be related to variation in antioxidant capacities of the major dietary sources of fruits and vegetables for the study participants. Our findings suggest that urinary PGE-M may be modifiable by a healthy diet that follows current national dietary guideline. Further studies are warranted to assess potential utility of urinary PGE-M in assessing cancer prevention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Kim
- a Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center , Augusta , Georgia , USA
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van Bussel BCT, Henry RMA, Ferreira I, van Greevenbroek MMJ, van der Kallen CJH, Twisk JWR, Feskens EJM, Schalkwijk CG, Stehouwer CDA. A healthy diet is associated with less endothelial dysfunction and less low-grade inflammation over a 7-year period in adults at risk of cardiovascular disease. J Nutr 2015; 145:532-40. [PMID: 25733469 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.201236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy diet rich in fish, fruit, and vegetables, but moderate in alcohol and low in dairy products and meat, has been associated with a lower rate of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. Endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation play important roles in CVD. A healthy diet might modify these phenomena. OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations between the above food groups and overall biomarker scores of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation in a 7-y longitudinal study. METHODS Using longitudinal data from 557 participants at increased CVD risk from the CODAM (Cohort on Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Maastricht) Study, we assessed diet intake by food-frequency questionnaire and measured plasma biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction [von Willebrand factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble endothelial selectin, soluble thrombomodulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1)] and low-grade inflammation [C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α, and sICAM-1]. At baseline, participants were aged 59.6 ± 6.9 y. Measurements were performed then and after 7 y. Biomarkers were combined into overall scores (sum of z scores; higher scores indicating worse function). Longitudinal data were analyzed with generalized estimating equations and adjusted for sex, age, glucose metabolism, energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. RESULTS Higher consumption of fish (per 100 g/wk), but not total consumption of vegetables, fruit, alcohol-containing beverages, dairy products, or meat, was associated with a lower overall endothelial dysfunction score over 7 y (β: -0.027; 95% CI: -0.051, -0.004). No associations were observed with the overall low-grade inflammation score. Further food component analyses indicated that consumption of more lean fish (per 100 g/wk) and raw vegetables (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less endothelial dysfunction [(β: -0.038; 95% CI: -0.072, -0.005), (β: -0.095; 95% CI: -0.191, 0.000), and (β: -0.070; 95% CI: -0.131, -0.009), respectively]. Consumption of more fresh fruit (per 100 g/d), wine (per 100 mL/wk), and poultry (per 100 g/d), and fewer high-fat dairy products (per 100 g/d) was associated with less low-grade inflammation [(β: -0.074; 95% CI: -0.133, -0.015), (β:-0.006; 95% CI: -0.013, 0.001), (β:-0.247; 95% CI: -0.479, -0.014), and (β:-0.100; 95% CI: -0.182, -0.019), respectively]. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the dietary modification of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation, processes that are important in atherothrombosis, is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas C T van Bussel
- Department of Medicine School for Nutrition, Toxicology, and Metabolism Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald M A Henry
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Public Health and Primary Care, and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jos W R Twisk
- The Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Saraf-Bank S, Esmaillzadeh A, Faghihimani E, Azadbakht L. Effect of non-soy legume consumption on inflammation and serum adiponectin levels among first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes: A randomized, crossover study. Nutrition 2015; 31:459-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Soare A, Del Toro R, Roncella E, Khazrai YM, Angeletti S, Dugo L, Fallucca S, Fontana L, Altomare M, Formisano V, Capata F, Gesuita R, Manfrini S, Fallucca F, Pianesi M, Pozzilli P. The effect of macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet on systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of the MADIAB trial. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2015; 3:e000079. [PMID: 25852946 PMCID: PMC4379741 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2014-000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current guidelines for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) emphasize diet as essential therapy. However, the effect of diet on systemic inflammation remains unclear. We investigated the effects of consuming a macrobiotic Ma-Pi 2 diet versus a standard recommended diet (control diet) on markers of inflammation in patients with T2D. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of the MADIAB trial, a 21-day randomized controlled trial conducted in 51 patients (25 males and 26 females) with T2D. Patients were randomized 1:1 to the Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet or a control diet based on dietary guidelines for T2D. Biological antioxidant potential of plasma and circulating levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and insulin-like growth factor-1 were assessed. RESULTS After 21 days on the Ma-Pi 2 or control diet, markers of inflammation were reduced in both groups. The antioxidant potential of plasma improved significantly in the Ma-Pi group. A significant reduction in insulin growth factor-1 was observed in the Ma-Pi group versus control group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this post hoc analysis demonstrated that the Ma-Pi 2 diet is a safe dietary strategy to reduce levels of the markers of insulin resistance and inflammation, compared with baseline values, in the short term. Furthermore, the Ma-Pi 2 diet was superior to the control diet in reducing insulin growth factor-1 and may be beneficial for patients with T2D. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN10467793.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Soare
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Del Toro
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Roncella
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Yeganeh Manon Khazrai
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Laboratory Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Dugo
- Center of Integrated Research, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Fallucca
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fontana
- Unit of Dietology and Diabetology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Altomare
- Unit of Dietology and Diabetology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Formisano
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Capata
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Manfrini
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Pianesi
- International Study Center for Environment, Agriculture, Food, Health and Economics, Tolentino, Italy
| | - Paolo Pozzilli
- Area of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Centre of Diabetes, St. Bartholomew's and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Fuentes E, Palomo I. Mechanisms of endothelial cell protection by hydroxycinnamic acids. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 63:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Serum amyloid A-related inflammation is lowered by increased fruit and vegetable intake, while high-sensitive C-reactive protein, IL-6 and E-selectin remain unresponsive. Br J Nutr 2014; 112:1129-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514001639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed whether increased fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake reduced the concentrations of the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A (SAA) in serum, HDL2 and HDL3 and whether the latter reduction influenced any of the functional properties of these HDL subfractions. The present study utilised samples from two previous studies: (1) the FAVRIT (Fruit and Vegetable Randomised Intervention Trial) study – hypertensive subjects (systolic blood pressure (BP) range 140–190 mmHg; diastolic BP range 90–110 mmHg) were randomised to receive a 1-, 3- or 6-portion F&V/d intervention for 8 weeks, and (2) the ADIT (Ageing and Dietary Intervention Trial) study – older subjects (65–85 years) were randomised to receive a 2- or 5-portion F&V/d intervention for 16 weeks. HDL2 and HDL3 were isolated by rapid ultracentrifugation. Measurements included the following: serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) by an immunoturbidimetric assay; serum IL-6 and E-selectin and serum-, HDL2- and HDL3-SAA by ELISA procedures; serum-, HDL2- and HDL3-cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) activity by a fluorometric assay. Although the concentrations of hsCRP, IL-6 and E-selectin were unaffected by increasing F&V intake in both studies (P>0·05 for all comparisons), those of SAA in HDL3 decreased in the FAVRIT cohort (P= 0·049) and those in HDL2 and HDL3 decreased in the ADIT cohort (P= 0·035 and 0·032), which was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of CETP in HDL3 in the FAVRIT cohort (P= 0·010) and in HDL2 in the ADIT cohort (P= 0·030). These results indicate that SAA responds to increased F&V intake, while other inflammatory markers remain unresponsive, and this leads to changes in HDL2 and HDL3, which may influence their antiatherogenic potential. Overall, the present study provides tangible evidence of the effectiveness of increased F&V intake, which may be of use to health policy makers and the general public.
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