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Muhammad N, Liu Z, Wang L, Yang M, Liu M. The underlying molecular mechanisms of hormonal regulation of fruit color in fruit-bearing plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:104. [PMID: 39316226 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Fruit color is a key feature of fruit quality, primarily influenced by anthocyanin or carotenoid accumulation or chlorophyll degradation. Adapting the pigment content is crucial to improve the fruit's nutritional and commercial value. Genetic factors along with other environmental components (i.e., light, temperature, nutrition, etc.) regulate fruit coloration. The fruit coloration process is influenced by plant hormones, which also play a vital role in various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes. Additionally, phytohormones play a role in the regulation of a highly conserved transcription factor complex, called MBW (MYB-bHLH-WD40). The MBW complex, which consists of myeloblastosis (MYB), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), and WD40 repeat (WDR) proteins, coordinates the expression of downstream structural genes associated with anthocyanin formation. In fruit production, the application of plant hormones may be important for promoting coloration. However, concerns such as improper concentration or application time must be addressed. This article explores the molecular processes underlying pigment formation and how they are influenced by various plant hormones. The ABA, jasmonate, and brassinosteroid increase anthocyanin and carotenoid formation, but ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin have positive as well as negative effects on anthocyanin formation. This article establishes the necessary groundwork for future studies into the molecular mechanisms of plant hormones regulating fruit color, ultimately aiding in their effective and scientific application towards fruit coloration.
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Grants
- (HBCT2024190201) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- (CARS-30-2-07) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- (2020YFD1000705 Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- 2019YFD1001605 Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- 2018YFD1000607) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Muhammad
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Mengjun Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
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Sharif R, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Sohail H, Li S, Chen X, Qi X. microRNA regulates cytokinin induced parthenocarpy in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108681. [PMID: 38776825 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Parthenocarpy is one of the most important agronomic traits for fruit yield in cucumbers. However, the precise gene regulation and the posttranscriptional mechanism are elusive. In the presented study, one parthenocarpic line DDX and non-parthenocarpic line ZK were applied to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in parthenocarpic fruit formation. The differential expressed miRNAs among parthenocarpic fruit of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) treated ZK (ZK-CPPU), pollinated ZK (ZK-P), non-pollinated DDX (DDX-NP) were compared with the non-parthenocarpic fruits of non-pollinated ZK (ZK-NP). It indicated 98 miRNAs exhibited differential expression were identified. Notably, a significant proportion of these miRNAs were enriched in the signal transduction pathway of plant hormones, as identified by the KEGG pathway analysis. qRT-PCR validation indicated that CsmiR156 family was upregulated in the ZK-NP while downregulated in ZK-CPPU, ZK-P, and DDX-NP at 1 day after anthesis. Meanwhile, the opposite trend was observed for CsmiR164a. In ZK-CPPU, ZK-P, and DDX-NP, CsmiRNA156 genes (CsSPL16 and CsARR9-like) were upregulated while CsmiRNA164a genes (CsNAC6, CsCUC1, and CsNAC100) were downregulated. The GUS and dual luciferase assay validated that CsmiR156a inhibited while CsmiR164a induced their target genes' transcription. This study presents novel insights into the involvement of CsmiR156a and CsmiR164a in the CK-mediated posttranscriptional regulation of cucumber parthenocarpy, which will aid future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Yamei Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Yaoyue Huang
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Hamza Sohail
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Xuehao Chen
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Xiaohua Qi
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
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Shi L, de Biolley L, Shaikh MA, de Vries ME, Mittmann SU, Visser RGF, Prat S, Bachem CWB. Aging later but faster: how StCDF1 regulates senescence in Solanum tuberosum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2541-2554. [PMID: 38197194 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In potato, maturity is assessed by leaf senescence, which, in turn, affects yield and tuber quality traits. Previously, we showed that the CYCLING DOF FACTOR1 (StCDF1) locus controls leaf maturity in addition to the timing of tuberization. Here, we provide evidence that StCDF1 controls senescence onset separately from senescence progression and the total life cycle duration. We used molecular-biological approaches (DNA-Affinity Purification Sequencing) to identify a direct downstream target of StCDF1, named ORESARA1 (StORE1S02), which is a NAC transcription factor acting as a positive senescence regulator. By overexpressing StORE1S02 in the long life cycle genotype, early onset of senescence was shown, but the total life cycle remained long. At the same time, StORE1S02 knockdown lines have a delayed senescence onset. Furthermore, we show that StORE1 proteins play an indirect role in sugar transport from source to sink by regulating expression of SWEET sugar efflux transporters during leaf senescence. This study clarifies the important link between tuber formation and senescence and provides insight into the molecular regulatory network of potato leaf senescence onset. We propose a complex role of StCDF1 in the regulation of potato plant senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 386, Wageningen, 6700 AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Laura de Biolley
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 386, Wageningen, 6700 AJ, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Richard G F Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 386, Wageningen, 6700 AJ, the Netherlands
| | - Salome Prat
- Center for Research in Agriculture Genomics (CRAG), Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Christian W B Bachem
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 386, Wageningen, 6700 AJ, the Netherlands
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Bulle M, Devadasu E, Rampuria S, Subramanyam R, Kirti PB. Plastid-expressed AdDjSKI enhances photosystem II stability, delays leaf senescence, and increases fruit yield in tomato plants under heat stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14374. [PMID: 38837422 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress substantially reduces tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth and yield globally, thereby jeopardizing food security. DnaJ proteins, constituents of the heat shock protein system, protect cells from diverse environmental stresses as HSP-70 molecular co-chaperones. In this study, we demonstrated that AdDjSKI, a serine-rich DnaJ III protein induced by pathogens, plays an important role in stabilizing photosystem II (PSII) in response to heat stress. Our results revealed that transplastomic tomato plants expressing the AdDjSKI gene exhibited increased levels of total soluble proteins, improved growth and chlorophyll content, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and diminished PSII photoinhibition under elevated temperatures when compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Intriguingly, these transplastomic plants maintained higher levels of D1 protein under elevated temperatures compared with the WT plants, suggesting that overexpression of AdDjSKI in plastids is crucial for PSII protection, likely due to its chaperone activity. Furthermore, the transplastomic plants displayed lower accumulation of superoxide radical (O2 •─) and H2O2, in comparison with the WT plants, plausibly attributed to higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities. This also coincides with an enhanced expression of corresponding genes, including SlCuZnSOD, SlFeSOD, SlAPX2, and SltAPX, under heat stress. Taken together, our findings reveal that chloroplastic expression of AdDjSKI in tomatoes plays a critical role in fruit yield, primarily through a combination of delayed senescence and stabilizing PSII under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallesham Bulle
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Elsinraju Devadasu
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sakshi Rampuria
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Xu C, Huang X, Ma N, Liu Y, Xu A, Zhang X, Li D, Li Y, Zhang W, Wang K. MicroRNA164 Affects Plant Responses to UV Radiation in Perennial Ryegrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1242. [PMID: 38732457 PMCID: PMC11085334 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the ultraviolet radiation (UV) level, particularly UV-B due to damage to the stratospheric ozone layer by human activities, has huge negative effects on plant and animal metabolism. As a widely grown cool-season forage grass and turfgrass in the world, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is UV-B-sensitive. To study the effects of miR164, a highly conserved microRNA in plants, on perennial ryegrass under UV stress, both OsmiR164a overexpression (OE164) and target mimicry (MIM164) transgenic perennial ryegrass plants were generated using agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and UV-B treatment (~600 μw cm-2) of 7 days was imposed. Morphological and physiological analysis showed that the miR164 gene affected perennial ryegrass UV tolerance negatively, demonstrated by the more scorching leaves, higher leaf electrolyte leakage, and lower relative water content in OE164 than the WT and MIM164 plants after UV stress. The increased UV sensitivity could be partially due to the reduction in antioxidative capacity and the accumulation of anthocyanins. This study indicated the potential of targeting miR164 and/or its targeted genes for the genetic manipulation of UV responses in forage grasses/turfgrasses; further research to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying how miR164 affects plant UV responses is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanrong Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Aijiao Xu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xunzhong Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Dayong Li
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Yue Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kehua Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
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6
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Foresti C, Orduña L, Matus JT, Vandelle E, Danzi D, Bellon O, Tornielli GB, Amato A, Zenoni S. NAC61 regulates late- and post-ripening osmotic, oxidative, and biotic stress responses in grapevine. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2330-2350. [PMID: 38159048 PMCID: PMC11016852 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
During late- and post-ripening stages, grape berry undergoes profound biochemical and physiological changes whose molecular control is poorly understood. Here, we report the role of NAC61, a grapevine NAC transcription factor, in regulating different processes involved in berry ripening progression. NAC61 is highly expressed during post-harvest berry dehydration and its expression pattern is closely related to sugar concentration. The ectopic expression of NAC61 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in low stomatal conductance, high leaf temperature, tissue collapse and a higher relative water content. Transcriptome analysis of grapevine leaves transiently overexpressing NAC61 and DNA affinity purification and sequencing analyses allowed us to narrow down a list of NAC61-regulated genes. Direct regulation of the stilbene synthase regulator MYB14, the osmotic stress-related gene DHN1b, the Botrytis cinerea susceptibility gene WRKY52, and NAC61 itself was validated. We also demonstrate that NAC61 interacts with NAC60, a proposed master regulator of grapevine organ maturation, in the activation of MYB14 and NAC61 expression. Overall, our findings establish NAC61 as a key player in a regulatory network that governs stilbenoid metabolism and osmotic, oxidative, and biotic stress responses that are the hallmark of late- and post-ripening grape stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Foresti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luis Orduña
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elodie Vandelle
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Danzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Oscar Bellon
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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7
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McLeod L, Barchi L, Tumino G, Tripodi P, Salinier J, Gros C, Boyaci HF, Ozalp R, Borovsky Y, Schafleitner R, Barchenger D, Finkers R, Brouwer M, Stein N, Rabanus-Wallace MT, Giuliano G, Voorrips R, Paran I, Lefebvre V. Multi-environment association study highlights candidate genes for robust agronomic quantitative trait loci in a novel worldwide Capsicum core collection. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1508-1528. [PMID: 37602679 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Investigating crop diversity through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on core collections helps in deciphering the genetic determinants of complex quantitative traits. Using the G2P-SOL project world collection of 10 038 wild and cultivated Capsicum accessions from 10 major genebanks, we assembled a core collection of 423 accessions representing the known genetic diversity. Since complex traits are often highly dependent upon environmental variables and genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions, multi-environment GWAS with a 10 195-marker genotypic matrix were conducted on a highly diverse subset of 350 Capsicum annuum accessions, extensively phenotyped in up to six independent trials from five climatically differing countries. Environment-specific and multi-environment quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for 23 diverse agronomic traits. We identified 97 candidate genes potentially implicated in 53 of the most robust and high-confidence QTLs for fruit flavor, color, size, and shape traits, and for plant productivity, vigor, and earliness traits. Investigating the genetic architecture of agronomic traits in this way will assist the development of genetic markers and pave the way for marker-assisted selection. The G2P-SOL pepper core collection will be available upon request as a unique and universal resource for further exploitation in future gene discovery and marker-assisted breeding efforts by the pepper community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis McLeod
- INRAE, GAFL, Montfavet, France
- INRAE, A2M, Montfavet, France
| | - Lorenzo Barchi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), Plant Genetics, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tumino
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pasquale Tripodi
- Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ramazan Ozalp
- Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Yelena Borovsky
- The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Roland Schafleitner
- Vegetable Diversity and Improvement, World Vegetable Center, Shanhua, Taiwan
| | - Derek Barchenger
- Vegetable Diversity and Improvement, World Vegetable Center, Shanhua, Taiwan
| | - Richard Finkers
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Brouwer
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Corre, Gatersleben, Germany
- Department of Crop Sciences, Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Giovanni Giuliano
- Casaccia Research Centre, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Roeland Voorrips
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilan Paran
- The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Zhang Y, Huang D, Miao Y. Epigenetic control of plant senescence and cell death and its application in crop improvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1258487. [PMID: 37965008 PMCID: PMC10642554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant senescence is the last stage of plant development and a type of programmed cell death, occurring at a predictable time and cell. It involves the functional conversion from nutrient assimilation to nutrient remobilization, which substantially impacts plant architecture and plant biomass, crop quality, and horticultural ornamental traits. In past two decades, DNA damage was believed to be a main reason for cell senescence. Increasing evidence suggests that the alteration of epigenetic information is a contributing factor to cell senescence in organisms. In this review, we summarize the current research progresses of epigenetic and epitranscriptional mechanism involved in cell senescence of plant, at the regulatory level of DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs and RNA methylation. Furthermore, we discuss their molecular genetic manipulation and potential application in agriculture for crop improvement. Finally we point out the prospects of future research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Lu H, Niu X, Fan Y, Yuan Y, Huang L, Zhao B, Liu Y, Xiao F. The extensin protein SAE1 plays a role in leaf senescence and is targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SINA4 in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5635-5652. [PMID: 37368909 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Extensins are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins and generally play a structural role in cell wall integrity. In this study, we determined a novel role of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED EXTENSIN1 (SAE1) in leaf senescence. Both gain- and loss-of-function analyses suggest that SAE1 plays a positive role in leaf senescence in tomato. Transgenic plants overexpressing SAE1 (SAE1-OX) exhibited premature leaf senescence and enhanced dark-induced senescence, whereas SAE1 knockout (SAE1-KO) plants displayed delayed development-dependent and dark-induced leaf senescence. Heterologous overexpression of SlSAE1 in Arabidopsis also led to premature leaf senescence and enhanced dark-induced senescence. In addition, the SAE1 protein was found to interact with the tomato ubiquitin ligase SlSINA4, and SlSINA4 promoted SAE1 degradation in a ligase-dependent manner when co-expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, suggesting that SlSINA4 controls SAE1 protein levels via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Introduction of an SlSINA4-overexpression construct into the SAE1-OX tomato plants consistently completely eliminated accumulation of the SAE1 protein and suppressed the phenotypes conferred by overexpression of SAE1. Taken together, our results suggest that the tomato extensin SAE1 plays a positive role in leaf senescence and is regulated by the ubiquitin ligase SINA4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844, USA
| | - Xiangli Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844, USA
| | - Youhong Fan
- Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844, USA
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844, USA
| | - Bingyu Zhao
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
- School of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Fangming Xiao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844, USA
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10
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Tan S, Sha Y, Sun L, Li Z. Abiotic Stress-Induced Leaf Senescence: Regulatory Mechanisms and Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11996. [PMID: 37569371 PMCID: PMC10418887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a natural phenomenon that occurs during the aging process of plants and is influenced by various internal and external factors. These factors encompass plant hormones, as well as environmental pressures such as inadequate nutrients, drought, darkness, high salinity, and extreme temperatures. Abiotic stresses accelerate leaf senescence, resulting in reduced photosynthetic efficiency, yield, and quality. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf senescence in response to abiotic stresses is imperative to enhance the resilience and productivity of crops in unfavorable environments. In recent years, substantial advancements have been made in the study of leaf senescence, particularly regarding the identification of pivotal genes and transcription factors involved in this process. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including the necessity for further exploration of the intricate regulatory network governing leaf senescence and the development of effective strategies for manipulating genes in crops. This manuscript provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms that trigger leaf senescence under abiotic stresses, along with strategies to enhance stress tolerance and improve crop yield and quality by delaying leaf senescence. Furthermore, this review also highlighted the challenges associated with leaf senescence research and proposes potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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11
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Pirona R, Frugis G, Locatelli F, Mattana M, Genga A, Baldoni E. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the gene regulatory networks involved in leaf and root response to osmotic stress in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1155797. [PMID: 37332696 PMCID: PMC10272567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major horticultural crop that is cultivated worldwide and is characteristic of the Mediterranean agricultural system. It represents a key component of the diet of billion people and an important source of vitamins and carotenoids. Tomato cultivation in open field often experiences drought episodes, leading to severe yield losses, since most modern cultivars are sensitive to water deficit. Water stress leads to changes in the expression of stress-responsive genes in different plant tissues, and transcriptomics can support the identification of genes and pathways regulating this response. Methods Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of two tomato genotypes, M82 and Tondo, in response to a PEG-mediated osmotic treatment. The analysis was conducted separately on leaves and roots to characterize the specific response of these two organs. Results A total of 6,267 differentially expressed transcripts related to stress response was detected. The construction of gene co-expression networks defined the molecular pathways of the common and specific responses of leaf and root. The common response was characterized by ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways, and by the interconnection between ABA and JA signaling. The root-specific response concerned genes involved in cell wall metabolism and remodeling, whereas the leaf-specific response was principally related to leaf senescence and ethylene signaling. The transcription factors representing the hubs of these regulatory networks were identified. Some of them have not yet been characterized and can represent novel candidates for tolerance. Discussion This work shed new light on the regulatory networks occurring in tomato leaf and root under osmotic stress and set the base for an in-depth characterization of novel stress-related genes that may represent potential candidates for improving tolerance to abiotic stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pirona
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Roma, Italy
| | - Franca Locatelli
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Mattana
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Genga
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
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12
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Chen Q, Yan J, Tong T, Zhao P, Wang S, Zhou N, Cui X, Dai M, Jiang YQ, Yang B. ANAC087 transcription factor positively regulates age-dependent leaf senescence through modulating the expression of multiple target genes in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:967-984. [PMID: 36519581 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is the final stage of leaf development and appropriate onset and progression of leaf senescence are critical for reproductive success and fitness. Although great progress has been made in identifying key genes regulating leaf senescence and elucidating the underlining mechanisms in the model plant Arabidopsis, there is still a gap to understanding the complex regulatory network. In this study, we discovered that Arabidopsis ANAC087 transcription factor (TF) positively modulated leaf senescence. Expression of ANAC087 was induced in senescing leaves and the encoded protein acted as a transcriptional activator. Both constitutive and inducible overexpression lines of ANAC087 showed earlier senescence than control plants, whereas T-DNA insertion mutation and dominant repression of the ANAC087 delayed senescence rate. A quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) profiling showed that the expression of an array of senescence-associated genes was upregulated in inducible ANAC087 overexpression plants including BFN1, NYE1, CEP1, RbohD, SAG13, SAG15, and VPEs, which are involved in programmed cell death (PCD), chlorophyll degradation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In addition, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assays demonstrated that ANAC087 directly bound to the canonical NAC recognition sequence (NACRS) motif in promoters of its target genes. Moreover, mutation of two representative target genes, BFN1 or NYE1 alleviated the senescence rate of ANAC087-overexpression plants, suggesting their genetic regulatory relationship. Taken together, this study indicates that ANAC087 serves as an important regulator linking PCD, ROS, and chlorophyll degradation to leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jingli Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tiantian Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Moyu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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13
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Lira BS, Gramegna G, Amaral P, Dos Reis Moreira J, Wu RTA, Vicente MH, Nogueira FTS, Freschi L, Rossi M. Phytol recycling: essential, yet not limiting for tomato fruit tocopherol accumulation under normal growing conditions. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 111:365-378. [PMID: 36587296 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tocopherols are potent membrane-bound antioxidant molecules that are paramount for plant physiology and also important for human health. In the past years, chlorophyll catabolism was identified as the primary source of phytyl diphosphate for tocopherol synthesis by the action of two enzymes, PHYTOL KINASE (VTE5) and PHYTHYL PHOSPHATE KINASE (VTE6) that are able to recycle the chlorophyll-derived phytol. While VTE5 and VTE6 were proven essential for tocopherol metabolism in tomato fruits, it remains unknown whether they are rate-limiting steps in this pathway. To address this question, transgenic tomato plants expressing AtVTE5 and AtVTE6 in a fruit-specific manner were generated. Although ripe transgenic fruits exhibited higher amounts of tocopherol, phytol recycling revealed a more intimate association with chlorophyll than with tocopherol content. Interestingly, protein-protein interactions assays showed that VTE5 and VTE6 are complexed, channeling free phytol and phytyl-P, thus mitigating their cytotoxic nature. Moreover, the analysis of tocopherol accumulation dynamics in roots, a chlorophyll-devoid organ, revealed VTE5-dependent tocopherol accumulation, hinting at the occurrence of shoot-to-root phytol trafficking. Collectively, these results demonstrate that phytol recycling is essential for tocopherol biosynthesis, even in chlorophyll-devoid organs, yet it is not the rate-limiting step for this pathway under normal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Gramegna
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paula Amaral
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Juliene Dos Reis Moreira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Raquel Tsu Ay Wu
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mateus Henrique Vicente
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio Tebaldi Silveira Nogueira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
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14
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Ahouvi Y, Haber Z, Zach YY, Rosental L, Toubiana D, Sharma D, Alseekh S, Tajima H, Fernie AR, Brotman Y, Blumwald E, Sade N. The Alteration of Tomato Chloroplast Vesiculation Positively Affects Whole-Plant Source-Sink Relations and Fruit Metabolism under Stress Conditions. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:2008-2026. [PMID: 36161338 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Changes in climate conditions can negatively affect the productivity of crop plants. They can induce chloroplast degradation (senescence), which leads to decreased source capacity, as well as decreased whole-plant carbon/nitrogen assimilation and allocation. The importance, contribution and mechanisms of action regulating source-tissue capacity under stress conditions in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are not well understood. We hypothesized that delaying chloroplast degradation by altering the activity of the tomato chloroplast vesiculation (CV) under stress would lead to more efficient use of carbon and nitrogen and to higher yields. Tomato CV is upregulated under stress conditions. Specific induction of CV in leaves at the fruit development stage resulted in stress-induced senescence and negatively affected fruit yield, without any positive effects on fruit quality. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/CAS9) knockout CV plants, generated using a near-isogenic tomato line with enhanced sink capacity, exhibited stress tolerance at both the vegetative and the reproductive stages, leading to enhanced fruit quantity, quality and harvest index. Detailed metabolic and transcriptomic network analysis of sink tissue revealed that the l-glutamine and l-arginine biosynthesis pathways are associated with stress-response conditions and also identified putative novel genes involved in tomato fruit quality under stress. Our results are the first to demonstrate the feasibility of delayed stress-induced senescence as a stress-tolerance trait in a fleshy fruit crop, to highlight the involvement of the CV pathway in the regulation of source strength under stress and to identify genes and metabolic pathways involved in increased tomato sink capacity under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Ahouvi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Zechariah Haber
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Yair Yehoshua Zach
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Leah Rosental
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 1 David Ben Gurion Blvd., Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - David Toubiana
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Davinder Sharma
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Department of Root Biology and Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 1 Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Potsdam 14476, Germany
- Department of Plant Metabolomics, Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Hiromi Tajima
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Root Biology and Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 1 Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Potsdam 14476, Germany
- Department of Plant Metabolomics, Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski Blvd., Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 1 David Ben Gurion Blvd., Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel
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15
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Justine AK, Kaur N, Savita, Pati PK. Biotechnological interventions in banana: current knowledge and future prospects. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Zhao W, Zhao H, Wang H, He Y. Research progress on the relationship between leaf senescence and quality, yield and stress resistance in horticultural plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1044500. [PMID: 36352873 PMCID: PMC9638160 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence, the final stage of leaf development, is one of the adaptive mechanisms formed by plants over a long period of evolution. Leaf senescence is accompanied by various changes in cell structure, physiological metabolism, and gene expressions. This process is controlled by a variety of internal and external factors. Meanwhile, the genes and plant hormones involved in leaf aging affect the quality, yield and stress resistance in horticultural plants. Leaf senescence mediated by plant hormones affected plant quality at both pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. Exogenous plant growth regulators or plant hormone inhibitors has been applied to delay leaf senescence. Modification of related gene expression by over-expression or antisense inhibition could delay or accelerate leaf senescence, and thus influence quality. Environmental factors such as light, temperature and water status also trigger or delay leaf senescence. Delaying leaf senescence could increase chloroplast lifespan and photosynthesis and thus improve source strength, leading to enhanced yield. Accelerating leaf senescence promotes nutrient redistribution from old leaves into young leaves, and may raise yield under certain circumstances. Many genes and transcriptional factors involved in leaf senescence are associated with responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. WRKY transcriptional factors play a vital role in this process and they could interact with JA signalling. This review summarized how genes, plant hormones and environmental factors affect the quality, yield. Besides, the regulation of leaf senescence holds great promise to improving the resistance to plant biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticultural Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huayuan Zhao
- Bashan Management Area of the Management Committee for Taishan Historic and Scenic Area in Tai’an City, Tai’an, China
| | - Huasen Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticultural Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticultural Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Li M, Si X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Cheng X, Dai Z, Yu X, Ali M, Lu G. Transcriptomic analysis of ncRNA and mRNA interactions during leaf senescence in tomato. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2556-2570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Lira BS, Oliveira MJ, Shiose L, Vicente MH, Souza GPC, Floh EIS, Purgatto E, Nogueira FTS, Freschi L, Rossi M. SlBBX28 positively regulates plant growth and flower number in an auxin-mediated manner in tomato. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:253-268. [PMID: 35798935 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SlBBX28 is a positive regulator of auxin metabolism and signaling, affecting plant growth and flower number in tomato B-box domain-containing proteins (BBXs) comprise a family of transcription factors that regulate several processes, such as photomorphogenesis, flowering, and stress responses. For this reason, attention is being directed toward the functional characterization of these proteins, although knowledge in species other than Arabidopsis thaliana remains scarce. Particularly in the tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, only three out of 31 SlBBX proteins have been functionally characterized to date. To deepen the understanding of the role of these proteins in tomato plant development and yield, SlBBX28, a light-responsive gene, was constitutively silenced, resulting in plants with smaller leaves and fewer flowers per inflorescence. Moreover, SlBBX28 knockdown reduced hypocotyl elongation in darkness-grown tomato. Analyses of auxin content and responsiveness revealed that SlBBX28 promotes auxin-mediated responses. Altogether, the data revealed that SlBBX28 promotes auxin production and signaling, ultimately leading to proper hypocotyl elongation, leaf expansion, and inflorescence development, which are crucial traits determining tomato yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lumi Shiose
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Henrique Vicente
- Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz', Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eny Iochevet Segal Floh
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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19
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Alseekh S, Zhu F, Vallarino JG, Sokolowska EM, Yoshida T, Bergmann S, Wendenburg R, Bolze A, Skirycz A, Avin-Wittenberg T, Fernie AR. Autophagy modulates the metabolism and growth of tomato fruit during development. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac129. [PMID: 35928403 PMCID: PMC9343920 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although autophagy is a conserved mechanism operating across eukaryotes, its effects on crops and especially their metabolism has received relatively little attention. Indeed, whilst a few recent studies have used systems biology tools to look at the consequences of lack of autophagy in maize these focused on leaf tissues rather than the kernels. Here we utilized RNA interference (RNAi) to generate tomato plants that were deficient in the autophagy-regulating protease ATG4. Plants displayed an early senescence phenotype yet relatively mild changes in the foliar metabolome and were characterized by a reduced fruit yield phenotype. Metabolite profiling indicated that metabolites of ATG4-RNAi tomato leaves just exhibited minor alterations while that of fruit displayed bigger difference compared to the WT. In detail, many primary metabolites exhibited decreases in the ATG4-RNAi lines, such as proline, tryptophan and phenylalanine, while the representative secondary metabolites (quinic acid and 3-trans-caffeoylquinic acid) were present at substantially higher levels in ATG4-RNAi green fruits than in WT. Moreover, transcriptome analysis indicated that the most prominent differences were in the significant upregulation of organelle degradation genes involved in the proteasome or chloroplast vesiculation pathways, which was further confirmed by the reduced levels of chloroplastic proteins in the proteomics data. Furthermore, integration analysis of the metabolome, transcriptome and proteome data indicated that ATG4 significantly affected the lipid metabolism, chlorophyll binding proteins and chloroplast biosynthesis. These data collectively lead us to propose a more sophisticated model to explain the cellular co-ordination of the process of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José G Vallarino
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | | | - Takuya Yoshida
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Susan Bergmann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Wendenburg
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Antje Bolze
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Skirycz
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 14850, Ithaca, US
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20
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Bianchetti R, Bellora N, de Haro LA, Zuccarelli R, Rosado D, Freschi L, Rossi M, Bermudez L. Phytochrome-Mediated Light Perception Affects Fruit Development and Ripening Through Epigenetic Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870974. [PMID: 35574124 PMCID: PMC9096621 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome (PHY)-mediated light and temperature perception has been increasingly implicated as important regulator of fruit development, ripening, and nutritional quality. Fruit ripening is also critically regulated by chromatin remodeling via DNA demethylation, though the molecular basis connecting epigenetic modifications in fruits and environmental cues remains largely unknown. Here, to unravel whether the PHY-dependent regulation of fruit development involves epigenetic mechanisms, an integrative analysis of the methylome, transcriptome and sRNAome of tomato fruits from phyA single and phyB1B2 double mutants was performed in immature green (IG) and breaker (BK) stages. The transcriptome analysis showed that PHY-mediated light perception regulates more genes in BK than in the early stages of fruit development (IG) and that PHYB1B2 has a more substantial impact than PHYA in the fruit transcriptome, in both analyzed stages. The global profile of methylated cytosines revealed that both PHYA and PHYB1B2 affect the global methylome, but PHYB1B2 has a greater impact on ripening-associated methylation reprogramming across gene-rich genomic regions in tomato fruits. Remarkably, promoters of master ripening-associated transcription factors (TF) (RIN, NOR, CNR, and AP2a) and key carotenoid biosynthetic genes (PSY1, PDS, ZISO, and ZDS) remained highly methylated in phyB1B2 from the IG to BK stage. The positional distribution and enrichment of TF binding sites were analyzed over the promoter region of the phyB1B2 DEGs, exposing an overrepresentation of binding sites for RIN as well as the PHY-downstream effectors PIFs and HY5/HYH. Moreover, phyA and phyB1B2 mutants showed a positive correlation between the methylation level of sRNA cluster-targeted genome regions in gene bodies and mRNA levels. The experimental evidence indicates that PHYB1B2 signal transduction is mediated by a gene expression network involving chromatin organization factors (DNA methylases/demethylases, histone-modifying enzymes, and remodeling factors) and transcriptional regulators leading to altered mRNA profile of ripening-associated genes. This new level of understanding provides insights into the orchestration of epigenetic mechanisms in response to environmental cues affecting agronomical traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bianchetti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Bellora
- Institute of Nuclear Technologies for Health (Intecnus), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Luis A. de Haro
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rafael Zuccarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Rosado
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luisa Bermudez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA, INTA-CONICET, Castelar, Argentina
- Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Sala-Carvalho WR, Montessi-Amaral FP, Esposito MP, Campestrini R, Rossi M, Peralta DF, Furlan CM. Metabolome of Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid., a cosmopolitan moss: the influence of seasonality. PLANTA 2022; 255:77. [PMID: 35239061 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ceratodon purpureus showed changes in disaccharides, flavonoids, and carotenoids throughout annual seasons. These changes indicate harsher environmental conditions during the dry period, directing metabolic precursors to enhance the antioxidant system. Bryophytes are a group of land plants comprising mosses (Bryophyta), liverworts (Marchantyophyta), and hornworts (Antocerotophyta). This study uses the molecular networking approach to investigate the influence of seasonality (dry and rainy seasons) on the metabolome and redox status of the moss Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid., from Campos do Jordão, Brazil. Samples of C. purpureus were submitted to three extraction methods: 80% methanol producing the soluble fraction (intracellular compounds), followed by debris hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide producing the insoluble fraction (cell wall conjugated compounds), both analyzed by HPLC-MS; and extraction using pre-cooled methanol, separated into polar and non-polar fractions, being both analyzed by GC-MS. All fractions were processed using the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Network (GNPS). The redox status was assessed by the analysis of four enzyme activities combined with the analysis of the contents of ascorbate, glutathione, carotenoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde acid (MDA). During the dry period, there was an increase of most biflavonoids, as well as phospholipids, disaccharides, long-chain fatty acids, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes, ROS, and MDA. Results indicate that C. purpureus is under harsher environmental conditions during the dry period, mainly due to low temperature and less water availability (low rainfall).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilton R Sala-Carvalho
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Francisco P Montessi-Amaral
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Marisia P Esposito
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Richard Campestrini
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Denilson F Peralta
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Avenida Miguel Estéfano, 3687, SP, 04301-012, Brazil
| | - Claudia M Furlan
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
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22
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Wen YX, Wang JY, Zhu HH, Han GH, Huang RN, Huang L, Hong YG, Zheng SJ, Yang JL, Chen WW. Potential Role of Domains Rearranged Methyltransferase7 in Starch and Chlorophyll Metabolism to Regulate Leaf Senescence in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836015. [PMID: 35211145 PMCID: PMC8860812 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is an important epigenetic mark involved in diverse biological processes. Here, we report the critical function of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Domains Rearranged Methyltransferase7 (SlDRM7) in plant growth and development, especially in leaf interveinal chlorosis and senescence. Using a hairpin RNA-mediated RNA interference (RNAi), we generated SlDRM7-RNAi lines and observed pleiotropic developmental defects including small and interveinal chlorosis leaves. Combined analyses of whole genome bisulfite sequence (WGBS) and RNA-seq revealed that silencing of SlDRM7 caused alterations in both methylation levels and transcript levels of 289 genes, which are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, and starch degradation. Furthermore, the photosynthetic capacity decreased in SlDRM7-RNAi lines, consistent with the reduced chlorophyll content and repression of genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosystem, and photosynthesis. In contrast, starch granules were highly accumulated in chloroplasts of SlDRM7-RNAi lines and associated with lowered expression of genes in the starch degradation pathway. In addition, SlDRM7 was activated by aging- and dark-induced senescence. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SlDRM7 acts as an epi-regulator to modulate the expression of genes related to starch and chlorophyll metabolism, thereby affecting leaf chlorosis and senescence in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang Hao Han
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ru Nan Huang
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guo Hong
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Liu GS, Li HL, Grierson D, Fu DQ. NAC Transcription Factor Family Regulation of Fruit Ripening and Quality: A Review. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030525. [PMID: 35159333 PMCID: PMC8834055 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor (TF) family is one of the largest plant-specific TF families and its members are involved in the regulation of many vital biological processes during plant growth and development. Recent studies have found that NAC TFs play important roles during the ripening of fleshy fruits and the development of quality attributes. This review focuses on the advances in our understanding of the function of NAC TFs in different fruits and their involvement in the biosynthesis and signal transduction of plant hormones, fruit textural changes, color transformation, accumulation of flavor compounds, seed development and fruit senescence. We discuss the theoretical basis and potential regulatory models for NAC TFs action and provide a comprehensive view of their multiple roles in modulating different aspects of fruit ripening and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Shuai Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Biology, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.-S.L.); (H.-L.L.)
| | - Hong-Li Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Biology, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.-S.L.); (H.-L.L.)
| | - Donald Grierson
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Plant Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Da-Qi Fu
- Laboratory of Fruit Biology, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (G.-S.L.); (H.-L.L.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Tang J, Li Y, Liu Z, Wei M, Shi Q, Yang F. Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Red-light on Carotenoids Biosynthesis in Tomato Fruit. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Carotenoids are the main pigments responsible of the coloration and account for the major antioxidant activity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit. Significant increments in total carotenoids and lycopene levels were observed in tomato fruit illuminated by red-light relative to white light in previous studies, but the mechanism of carotenoids biosynthesis regulated by red-light is still unclear. In the present study, the influence of red-light on carotenoids biosynthesis in postharvest tomato fruit was conducted using targeted metabolomics and transcriptomic methods. A total of 25 differentially accumulated carotenoids and 1939 differentially expressed genes were isolated and identified. The results illustrated that the content of phytoene and lycopene were considerably higher in fruit treated with red-light than those with white light at 12 h. These differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthesis, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and plant circadian. Moreover, from the results of co-expression network analysis, 15 transcription factors from red-light treated fruit were screened, of these, transcription factors of SlERF4, SlbHLH93 and SlIAA29, which involves in signal transduction of light and hormones, respectively, that may also play important roles in carotenoids biosynthesis regulated by red-light in tomato fruit. It is concluded that red-light enhanced carotenoids biosynthesis in postharvest tomato fruit and the mechanisms of enhanced carotenoids biosynthesis were not only associated with the direct regulation by red-light signaling, but also with the indirect regulation by hormonal signaling.
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25
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Zhang B, Yang J, Gu G, Jin L, Chen C, Lin Z, Song J, Xie X. Integrative Analyses of Biochemical Properties and Transcriptome Reveal the Dynamic Changes in Leaf Senescence of Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). Front Genet 2022; 12:790167. [PMID: 35003224 PMCID: PMC8727547 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.790167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an important process of growth and development in plant, and it is a programmed decline controlled by a series of genes. In this study, the biochemical properties and transcriptome at five maturity stages (M1∼M5) of tobacco leaves were analyzed to reveal the dynamic changes in leaf senescence of tobacco. A total of 722, 1,534, 3,723, and 6,933 genes were differentially expressed (DEG) between M1 and M2, M1 and M3, M1 and M4, and M1 and M5, respectively. Significant changes of nitrogen, sugars, and the DEGs related to metabolite accumulation were identified, suggesting the importance of energy metabolism during leaf senescence. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis found that DEGs were enriched in biosynthetic, metabolic, photosynthesis, and redox processes, and especially, the nitrogen metabolic pathways were closely related to the whole leaf senescence process (M1∼M5). All the DEGs were grouped into 12 expression profiles according to their distinct expression patterns based on Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) software analysis. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis found that these DEGs were enriched in pathways of carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and photosynthesis among these expression profiles. A total of 30 core genes were examined by Weight Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and they appeared to play a crucial role in the regulatory of tobacco senescence. Our results provided valuable information for further functional investigation of leaf senescence in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiahan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liao Jin
- Yanping Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Nanping, China
| | | | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Yanping Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Nanping, China
| | | | - Xiaofang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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26
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Kapoor L, Simkin AJ, George Priya Doss C, Siva R. Fruit ripening: dynamics and integrated analysis of carotenoids and anthocyanins. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 35016620 PMCID: PMC8750800 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits are vital food resources as they are loaded with bioactive compounds varying with different stages of ripening. As the fruit ripens, a dynamic color change is observed from green to yellow to red due to the biosynthesis of pigments like chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. Apart from making the fruit attractive and being a visual indicator of the ripening status, pigments add value to a ripened fruit by making them a source of nutraceuticals and industrial products. As the fruit matures, it undergoes biochemical changes which alter the pigment composition of fruits. RESULTS The synthesis, degradation and retention pathways of fruit pigments are mediated by hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors. Manipulation of the underlying regulatory mechanisms during fruit ripening suggests ways to enhance the desired pigments in fruits by biotechnological interventions. Here we report, in-depth insight into the dynamics of a pigment change in ripening and the regulatory mechanisms in action. CONCLUSIONS This review emphasizes the role of pigments as an asset to a ripened fruit as they augment the nutritive value, antioxidant levels and the net carbon gain of fruits; pigments are a source for fruit biofortification have tremendous industrial value along with being a tool to predict the harvest. This report will be of great utility to the harvesters, traders, consumers, and natural product divisions to extract the leading nutraceutical and industrial potential of preferred pigments biosynthesized at different fruit ripening stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leepica Kapoor
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Andrew J Simkin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, United Kingdom, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Siva
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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27
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Bhakta S, Negi S, Tak H, Singh S, Ganapathi TR. MusaATAF2 like protein, a stress-related transcription factor, induces leaf senescence by regulating chlorophyll catabolism and H 2 O 2 accumulation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13593. [PMID: 34761415 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
NAC transcription factors are known for their diverse role in plants. In this study, we have demonstrated the role of MusaATAF2, a banana NAC transcription factor, in leaf senescence. Its expression gets strongly up-regulated during the early stress responses of drought and high salinity exposure and down-regulated under ABA application, which suggests MusaATAF2 is a stress-related NAC transcription factor. To study the role of MusaATAF2 in banana, we have transformed the banana embryogenic cells with MusaATAF2 coding region and generated transgenic banana plants. Overexpression of MusaATAF2 in banana plants caused yellow leaf phenotype under control condition, suggesting its role as a senescence-associated transcription factor. Transgenic banana leaves exhibited low chlorophyll content and high H2 O2 accumulation. Hormone analysis of the leaves demonstrated a higher accumulation of ABA in the transgenic plants than the controls. Transgenic plants overexpressing MusaATAF2 have a higher transcript abundance of two chlorophyll catabolic pathway genes (PAO and HCAR) and lower transcript abundance of ROS scavenging enzymes (TDP, THIO, CAT, APX, and PRXDN) than control. Together, all these analyses indicate that MusaATAF2 induces senescence by inducing chlorophyll degradation and H2 O2 accumulation in banana plants and controls its own expression using an ABA-dependent feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Bhakta
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjana Negi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Himanshu Tak
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
- Plant Biotechnology & Secondary Metabolites Section, Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Thumbali R Ganapathi
- Plant Cell Culture Technology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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28
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Jin JF, Zhu HH, He QY, Li PF, Fan W, Xu JM, Yang JL, Chen WW. The Tomato Transcription Factor SlNAC063 Is Required for Aluminum Tolerance by Regulating SlAAE3-1 Expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:826954. [PMID: 35371150 PMCID: PMC8965521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.826954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity constitutes one of the major limiting factors of plant growth and development on acid soils, which comprises approximately 50% of potentially arable lands worldwide. When suffering Al toxicity, plants reprogram the transcription of genes, which activates physiological and metabolic pathways to deal with the toxicity. Here, we report the role of a NAM, ATAF1, 2 and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factor (TF) in tomato Al tolerance. Among 53 NAC TFs in tomatoes, SlNAC063 was most abundantly expressed in root apex and significantly induced by Al stress. Furthermore, the expression of SlNAC063 was not induced by other metals. Meanwhile, the SlNAC063 protein was localized at the nucleus and has transcriptional activation potentials in yeast. By constructing CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants, we found that slnac063 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to Al compared to wild-type plants. However, the mutants accumulated even less Al than wild-type (WT) plants, suggesting that internal tolerance mechanisms but not external exclusion mechanisms are implicated in SlNAC063-mediated Al tolerance in tomatoes. Further comparative RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that only 45 Al-responsive genes were positively regulated by SlNAC063, although the expression of thousands of genes (1,557 upregulated and 636 downregulated) was found to be affected in slnac063 mutants in the absence of Al stress. The kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that SlNAC063-mediated Al-responsive genes were enriched in "phenylpropanoid metabolism," "fatty acid metabolism," and "dicarboxylate metabolism," indicating that SlNAC063 regulates metabolisms in response to Al stress. Quantitative real-time (RT)-PCR analysis showed that the expression of SlAAE3-1 was repressed by SlNAC063 in the absence of Al. However, the expression of SlAAE3-1 was dependent on SlNAC063 in the presence of Al stress. Taken together, our results demonstrate that a NAC TF SlNAC063 is involved in tomato Al tolerance by regulating the expression of genes involved in metabolism, and SlNAC063 is required for Al-induced expression of SlAAE3-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Li Yang,
| | - Wei Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Wei Wei Chen,
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29
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Guo X, He C, Cheng F, Zhong Y, Cheng X, Tao X. Dissection of Allelic Variation Underlying Floral and Fruit Traits in Flare Tree Peony ( Paeonia rockii) Using Association Mapping. Front Genet 2021; 12:664814. [PMID: 34456963 PMCID: PMC8385368 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.664814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic variation in floral quantitative traits, including the elements of flowers and fruits, is caused by extremely complex regulatory processes. In the genetic improvement of flare tree peony (Paeonia rockii), a unique ornamental and edible oil woody species in the genus Paeonia, a better understanding of the genetic composition of these complex traits related to flowers and fruits is needed. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 160 P. rockii accessions and conducted single-marker association analysis for 19 quantitative flower and fruit traits using 81 EST-SSR markers. The results showed that the population had a high phenotypic diversity (coefficients of variation, 11.87-110.64%) and a high level of genetic diversity (mean number of alleles, N A = 6.09). These accessions were divided into three subgroups by STRUCTURE analysis and a neighbor-joining tree. Furthermore, we also found a low level of linkage disequilibrium between these EST-SSRs and, by single-marker association analysis, identified 134 significant associations, including four flower traits with 11 EST-SSRs and 10 fruit traits with 32 EST-SSRs. Finally, based on the sequence alignment of the associated markers, P280, PS2, PS12, PS27, PS118, PS131, and PS145 may be considered potential loci to increase the yield of flare tree peony. These results laid the foundation for further analysis of the genetic structure of some key traits in P. rockii and had an obvious potential application value in marker-assisted selection breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyun Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyun Cheng
- Beijing Guose Peony Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiwen Tao
- Beijing Guose Peony Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
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30
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Tapia G, González M, Burgos J, Vega MV, Méndez J, Inostroza L. Early transcriptional responses in Solanum peruvianum and Solanum lycopersicum account for different acclimation processes during water scarcity events. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15961. [PMID: 34354211 PMCID: PMC8342453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum (Slyc) is sensitive to water shortages, while its wild relative Solanum peruvianum L. (Sper), an herbaceous perennial small shrub, can grow under water scarcity and soil salinity environments. Plastic Sper modifies the plant architecture when suffering from drought, which is mediated by the replacement of leaf organs, among other changes. The early events that trigger acclimation and improve these morphological traits are unknown. In this study, a physiological and transcriptomic approach was used to understand the processes that differentiate the response in Slyc and Sper in the context of acclimation to stress and future consequences for plant architecture. In this regard, moderate (MD) and severe drought (SD) were imposed, mediating PEG treatments. The results showed a reduction in water and osmotic potential during stress, which correlated with the upregulation of sugar and proline metabolism-related genes. Additionally, the senescence-related genes FTSH6 protease and asparagine synthase were highly induced in both species. However, GO categories such as "protein ubiquitination" or "endopeptidase inhibitor activity" were differentially enriched in Sper and Slyc, respectively. Genes related to polyamine biosynthesis were induced, while several cyclins and kinetin were downregulated in Sper under drought treatments. Repression of photosynthesis-related genes was correlated with a higher reduction in the electron transport rate in Slyc than in Sper. Additionally, transcription factors from the ERF, WRKY and NAC families were commonly induced in Sper. Although some similar responses were induced in both species under drought stress, many important changes were detected to be differentially induced. This suggests that different pathways dictate the strategies to address the early response to drought and the consequent episodes in the acclimation process in both tomato species.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tapia
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez 515, Chillán, Chile.
| | - M González
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
| | - J Burgos
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez 515, Chillán, Chile
| | - M V Vega
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez 515, Chillán, Chile
| | - J Méndez
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez 515, Chillán, Chile
| | - L Inostroza
- Unidad de Recursos Genéticos Vegetales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez 515, Chillán, Chile
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Kelly OJM, Allan AC. Time to retire? A life-changing decision made by NAC transcription factors. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:505-507. [PMID: 34132413 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J M Kelly
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland, 1025, New Zealand
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, 120 Mt Albert Road, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrew C Allan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 3 Symonds Street, Auckland, 1025, New Zealand
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, 120 Mt Albert Road, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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32
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D’Incà E, Cazzaniga S, Foresti C, Vitulo N, Bertini E, Galli M, Gallavotti A, Pezzotti M, Battista Tornielli G, Zenoni S. VviNAC33 promotes organ de-greening and represses vegetative growth during the vegetative-to-mature phase transition in grapevine. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:726-746. [PMID: 33567124 PMCID: PMC8251598 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants undergo several developmental transitions during their life cycle. In grapevine, a perennial woody fruit crop, the transition from vegetative/green-to-mature/woody growth involves transcriptomic reprogramming orchestrated by a small group of genes encoding regulators, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated the function of the transcriptional regulator VviNAC33 by generating and characterizing transgenic overexpressing grapevine lines and a chimeric repressor, and by exploring its putative targets through a DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) approach combined with transcriptomic data. We demonstrated that VviNAC33 induces leaf de-greening, inhibits organ growth and directly activates the expression of STAY-GREEN PROTEIN 1 (SGR1), which is involved in Chl and photosystem degradation, and AUTOPHAGY 8f (ATG8f), which is involved in the maturation of autophagosomes. Furthermore, we show that VviNAC33 directly inhibits AUXIN EFFLUX FACILITATOR PIN1, RopGEF1 and ATP SYNTHASE GAMMA CHAIN 1T (ATPC1), which are involved in photosystem II integrity and activity. Our results show that VviNAC33 plays a major role in terminating photosynthetic activity and organ growth as part of a regulatory network governing the vegetative-to-mature phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica D’Incà
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
| | | | - Chiara Foresti
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertini
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
| | - Mary Galli
- Waksman Institute of MicrobiologyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ08854‐8020USA
| | - Andrea Gallavotti
- Waksman Institute of MicrobiologyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ08854‐8020USA
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
| | | | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVerona37134Italy
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Guo Y, Ren G, Zhang K, Li Z, Miao Y, Guo H. Leaf senescence: progression, regulation, and application. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2021; 1:5. [PMID: 37789484 PMCID: PMC10509828 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-021-00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development, is a type of postmitotic senescence and is characterized by the functional transition from nutrient assimilation to nutrient remobilization which is essential for plants' fitness. The initiation and progression of leaf senescence are regulated by a variety of internal and external factors such as age, phytohormones, and environmental stresses. Significant breakthroughs in dissecting the molecular mechanisms underpinning leaf senescence have benefited from the identification of senescence-altered mutants through forward genetic screening and functional assessment of hundreds of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) via reverse genetic research in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana as well as in crop plants. Leaf senescence involves highly complex genetic programs that are tightly tuned by multiple layers of regulation, including chromatin and transcription regulation, post-transcriptional, translational and post-translational regulation. Due to the significant impact of leaf senescence on photosynthesis, nutrient remobilization, stress responses, and productivity, much effort has been made in devising strategies based on known senescence regulatory mechanisms to manipulate the initiation and progression of leaf senescence, aiming for higher yield, better quality, or improved horticultural performance in crop plants. This review aims to provide an overview of leaf senescence and discuss recent advances in multi-dimensional regulation of leaf senescence from genetic and molecular network perspectives. We also put forward the key issues that need to be addressed, including the nature of leaf age, functional stay-green trait, coordination between different regulatory pathways, source-sink relationship and nutrient remobilization, as well as translational researches on leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Guo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong China
| | - Guodong Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Ying Miao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
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34
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Qin M, Zhang B, Gu G, Yuan J, Yang X, Yang J, Xie X. Genome-Wide Analysis of the G2-Like Transcription Factor Genes and Their Expression in Different Senescence Stages of Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). Front Genet 2021; 12:626352. [PMID: 34135936 PMCID: PMC8202009 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.626352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golden2-like (GLK) transcription factors play important roles in regulating chloroplast growth, development, and senescence in plants. In this study, a total of 89 NtGLK genes (NtGLK1-NtGLK89) were identified in the tobacco genome and were classified into 10 subfamilies with variable numbers of exons and similar structural organizations based on the gene structure and protein motif analyses. Twelve segmental duplication pairs of NtGLK genes were identified in the genome. These NtGLK genes contain two conserved helix regions related to the HLH structure, and the sequences of the first helix region are less conserved than that of the second helix motif. Cis-regulatory elements of the NtGLK promoters were widely involved in light responsiveness, hormone treatment, and physiological stress. Moreover, a total of 206 GLK genes from tomato, tobacco, maize, rice, and Arabidopsis were retrieved and clustered into eight subgroups. Our gene expression analysis indicated that NtGLK genes showed differential expression patterns in tobacco leaves at five senescence stages. The expression levels of six NtGLK genes in group C were reduced, coinciding precisely with the increment of the degree of senescence, which might be associated with the function of leaf senescence of tobacco. Our results have revealed valuable information for further functional characterization of the GLK gene family in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binghui Zhang
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiazheng Yuan
- Department of Biological and Forensic Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC, United States
| | - Xuanshong Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiahan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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35
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Forlani S, Mizzotti C, Masiero S. The NAC side of the fruit: tuning of fruit development and maturation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:238. [PMID: 34044765 PMCID: PMC8157701 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and seeds resulting from fertilization of flowers, represent an incredible evolutionary advantage in angiosperms and have seen them become a critical element in our food supply.Many studies have been conducted to reveal how fruit matures while protecting growing seeds and ensuring their dispersal. As result, several transcription factors involved in fruit maturation and senescence have been isolated both in model and crop plants. These regulators modulate several cellular processes that occur during fruit ripening such as chlorophyll breakdown, tissue softening, carbohydrates and pigments accumulation.The NAC superfamily of transcription factors is known to be involved in almost all these aspects of fruit development and maturation. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge regarding NACs that modulate fruit ripening in model species (Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum) and in crops of commercial interest (Oryza sativa, Malus domestica, Fragaria genus, Citrus sinensis and Musa acuminata).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Forlani
- Department of Biosciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mizzotti
- Department of Biosciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Masiero
- Department of Biosciences, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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36
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Wang Z, Li ZF, Wang SS, Xiao YS, Xie XD, Wu MZ, Yu JL, Cheng LR, Yang AG, Yang J. NtMYB12a acts downstream of sucrose to inhibit fatty acid accumulation by targeting lipoxygenase and SFAR genes in tobacco. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 43:2287-2300. [PMID: 33225450 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
MYB12 promotes flavonol biosynthesis in plants by targeting several early biosynthesis genes (EBGs) of this pathway. The transcriptions of these EBGs are also induced by sucrose signal. However, whether MYB12 is activated by sucrose signal and what the other roles MYB12 has in regulating plant metabolism are poorly understood. In this study, two NtMYB12 genes were cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Both NtMYB12a and NtMYB12b are involved in regulating flavonoids biosynthesis in tobacco. NtMYB12a is further shown to inhibit the accumulation of fatty acid (FA) in tobacco leaves and seeds. Post-translational activation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that NtMYB12a directly promotes the transcriptions of NtLOX6, NtLOX5, NtSFAR4 and NtGDSL2, which encode lipoxygenase (LOX) or SFAR enzymes catalyzing the degradation of FA. NtLOX6 and NtLOX5 are shown to prevent the accumulation of FA in the mature seeds and significantly reduced the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in tobacco. Sucrose stimulates the transcription of NtMYB12a, and loss function of NtMYB12a partially suppresses the decrease of FA content in tobacco seedlings caused by sucrose treatment. The regulation of sucrose on the expression of NtLOX6 and NtGDSL2 genes is mediated by NtMYB12a, whereas those of NtLOX5 and NtSFAR4 genes are independent of sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ze Feng Li
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan Shan Wang
- Xiangyang Cigarette Factory, China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiangyang, China
| | - Yan Song Xiao
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Dong Xie
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin Long Yu
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, China
| | - Li Rui Cheng
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ai Guo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Yang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
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37
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Zuccarelli R, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Lopes-Oliveira PJ, Pascoal GB, Andrade SCS, Furlan CM, Purgatto E, Palma JM, Corpas FJ, Rossi M, Freschi L. Multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in tomato fruit ripening: NO-induced metabolic rewiring and consequences for fruit quality traits. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:941-958. [PMID: 33165620 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as part of the ripening regulatory network in fleshy fruits. However, very little is known about the simultaneous action of NO on the network of regulatory events and metabolic reactions behind ripening-related changes in fruit color, taste, aroma and nutritional value. Here, we performed an in-depth characterization of the concomitant changes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit transcriptome and metabolome associated with the delayed-ripening phenotype caused by NO supplementation at the pre-climacteric stage. Approximately one-third of the fruit transcriptome was altered in response to NO, including a multilevel down-regulation of ripening regulatory genes, which in turn restricted the production and tissue sensitivity to ethylene. NO also repressed hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes, intensifying nitro-oxidative stress and S-nitrosation and nitration events throughout ripening. Carotenoid, tocopherol, flavonoid and ascorbate biosynthesis were differentially affected by NO, resulting in overaccumulation of ascorbate (25%) and flavonoids (60%), and impaired lycopene production. In contrast, the biosynthesis of compounds related to tomato taste (sugars, organic acids, amino acids) and aroma (volatiles) was slightly affected by NO. Our findings indicate that NO triggers extensive transcriptional and metabolic rewiring at the early ripening stage, modifying tomato antioxidant composition with minimal impact on fruit taste and aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Zuccarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Grazieli B Pascoal
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Curso de Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sónia C S Andrade
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M Furlan
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals, and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals, and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil
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38
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Wedow JM, Burroughs CH, Rios Acosta L, Leakey ADB, Ainsworth EA. Age-dependent increase in α-tocopherol and phytosterols in maize leaves exposed to elevated ozone pollution. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e00307. [PMID: 33615114 PMCID: PMC7876508 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant that significantly damages crop production. Crop metabolic responses to rising chronic ozone stress have not been well studied in the field, especially in C4 crops. In this study, we investigated the metabolomic profile of leaves from two diverse maize (Zea mays) inbred lines and the hybrid cross during exposure to season-long elevated ozone (~100 nl L-1) in the field using free air concentration enrichment (FACE) to identify key biochemical responses of maize to elevated ozone. Senescence, measured by loss of chlorophyll content, was accelerated in the hybrid line, B73 × Mo17, but not in either inbred line (B73 or Mo17). Untargeted metabolomic profiling further revealed that inbred and hybrid lines of maize differed in metabolic responses to ozone. A significant difference in the metabolite profile of hybrid leaves exposed to elevated ozone occurred as leaves aged, but no age-dependent difference in leaf metabolite profiles between ozone conditions was measured in the inbred lines. Phytosterols and α-tocopherol levels increased in B73 × Mo17 leaves as they aged, and to a significantly greater degree in elevated ozone stress. These metabolites are involved in membrane stabilization and chloroplast reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenching. The hybrid line also showed significant yield loss at elevated ozone, which the inbred lines did not. This suggests that the hybrid maize line was more sensitive to ozone exposure than the inbred lines, and up-regulated metabolic pathways to stabilize membranes and quench ROS in response to chronic ozone stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Wedow
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Charles H. Burroughs
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Lorena Rios Acosta
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Andrew D. B. Leakey
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. Ainsworth
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
- USDA ARS Global Change and Photosynthesis Research UnitUrbanaILUSA
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39
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Zhang YM, Guo P, Xia X, Guo H, Li Z. Multiple Layers of Regulation on Leaf Senescence: New Advances and Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:788996. [PMID: 34938309 PMCID: PMC8685244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.788996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is the last stage of leaf development and is an orderly biological process accompanied by degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling, which contributes to plant fitness. Forward genetic mutant screening and reverse genetic studies of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) have revealed that leaf senescence is a genetically regulated process, and the initiation and progression of leaf senescence are influenced by an array of internal and external factors. Recently, multi-omics techniques have revealed that leaf senescence is subjected to multiple layers of regulation, including chromatin, transcriptional and post-transcriptional, as well as translational and post-translational levels. Although impressive progress has been made in plant senescence research, especially the identification and functional analysis of a large number of SAGs in crop plants, we still have not unraveled the mystery of plant senescence, and there are some urgent scientific questions in this field, such as when plant senescence is initiated and how senescence signals are transmitted. This paper reviews recent advances in the multiple layers of regulation on leaf senescence, especially in post-transcriptional regulation such as alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengru Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonghai Li,
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40
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Fan Y, Niu X, Huang L, Gross R, Lu H, Hawkins M, Yuan Y, Miao M, Liu Y, Xiao F. A novel BSD domain-containing transcription factor controls vegetative growth, leaf senescence, and fruit quality in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6945-6957. [PMID: 32845982 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BSD (mammalian BTF2-like transcription factors, synapse-associated proteins, and DOS2-like proteins) is a conserved domain that exists in a variety of organisms, but its function has not been well studied. Here, we identified a novel BSD domain-containing protein (SlBSD1) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Biochemical and microscopy assays indicated that SlBSD1 is a functional transcription factor that is predominantly localized in the nucleus. Loss-of-function and overexpression analyses suggested that SlBSD1 is a novel regulator of vegetative growth and leaf senescence in tomato. SlBSD1-knockdown (-KD) plants exhibited retarded vegetative growth and precocious leaf senescence, whereas SlBSD1-overexpression (-OX) plants displayed the opposite phenotypes. The negative role of SlBSD1 in leaf senescence was also supported by RNA-seq analysis comparing leaf tissues from SlBSD1-KD and wild-type plants. In addition, contents of soluble solids were altered in fruits in the SlBSD1-KD and SlBSD1-OX plants. Taken together, our data suggest that the novel transcription factor SlBSD1 plays important roles in controlling fruit quality and other physiological processes in tomato, including vegetative growth and leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhong Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Xiangli Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Rachel Gross
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Han Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Madigan Hawkins
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Min Miao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangming Xiao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
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41
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Lira BS, Oliveira MJ, Shiose L, Wu RTA, Rosado D, Lupi ACD, Freschi L, Rossi M. Light and ripening-regulated BBX protein-encoding genes in Solanum lycopersicum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19235. [PMID: 33159121 PMCID: PMC7648751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Light controls several aspects of plant development through a complex signalling cascade. Several B-box domain containing proteins (BBX) were identified as regulators of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling photomorphogenesis. However, the knowledge about the role of this protein family in other physiological processes and species remains scarce. To fill this gap, here BBX protein encoding genes in tomato genome were characterised. The robust phylogeny obtained revealed how the domain diversity in this protein family evolved in Viridiplantae and allowed the precise identification of 31 tomato SlBBX proteins. The mRNA profiling in different organs revealed that SlBBX genes are regulated by light and their transcripts accumulation is directly affected by the chloroplast maturation status in both vegetative and fruit tissues. As tomato fruits develops, three SlBBXs were found to be upregulated in the early stages, controlled by the proper chloroplast differentiation and by the PHYTOCHROME (PHY)-dependent light perception. Upon ripening, other three SlBBXs were transcriptionally induced by RIPENING INHIBITOR master transcriptional factor, as well as by PHY-mediated signalling and proper plastid biogenesis. Altogether, the results obtained revealed a conserved role of SlBBX gene family in the light signalling cascade and identified putative members affecting tomato fruit development and ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Lumi Shiose
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Raquel Tsu Ay Wu
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Daniele Rosado
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil.
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Alves FRR, Lira BS, Pikart FC, Monteiro SS, Furlan CM, Purgatto E, Pascoal GB, Andrade SCDS, Demarco D, Rossi M, Freschi L. Beyond the limits of photoperception: constitutively active PHYTOCHROME B2 overexpression as a means of improving fruit nutritional quality in tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2027-2041. [PMID: 32068963 PMCID: PMC7540714 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Photoreceptor engineering has recently emerged as a means for improving agronomically beneficial traits in crop species. Despite the central role played by the red/far-red photoreceptor phytochromes (PHYs) in controlling fruit physiology, the applicability of PHY engineering for increasing fleshy fruit nutritional content remains poorly exploited. In this study, we demonstrated that the fruit-specific overexpression of a constitutively active GAF domain Tyr252 -to-His PHYB2 mutant version (PHYB2Y252H ) significantly enhances the accumulation of multiple health-promoting antioxidants in tomato fruits, without negative collateral consequences on vegetative development. Compared with the native PHYB2 overexpression, PHYB2Y252H -overexpressing lines exhibited more extensive increments in transcript abundance of genes associated with fruit plastid development, chlorophyll biosynthesis and metabolic pathways responsible for the accumulation of antioxidant compounds. Accordingly, PHYB2Y252H -overexpressing fruits developed more chloroplasts containing voluminous grana at the green stage and overaccumulated carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids and ascorbate in ripe fruits compared with both wild-type and PHYB2-overexpressing lines. The impacts of PHYB2 or PHYB2Y252H overexpression on fruit primary metabolism were limited to a slight promotion in lipid biosynthesis and reduction in sugar accumulation. Altogether, these findings indicate that mutation-based adjustments in PHY properties represent a valuable photobiotechnological tool for tomato biofortification, highlighting the potential of photoreceptor engineering for improving quality traits in fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Rocha Rodrigues Alves
- Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
- Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiásGOBrazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição ExperimentalUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
| | - Grazieli Benedetti Pascoal
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição ExperimentalUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
- Curso de Graduação em NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaMinas GeraisMGBrazil
| | | | - Diego Demarco
- Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de BotânicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
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43
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Forlani S, Cozzi C, Rosa S, Tadini L, Masiero S, Mizzotti C. HEBE, a novel positive regulator of senescence in Solanum lycopersicum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11021. [PMID: 32620827 PMCID: PMC7335192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence and plant aging are traits of great interest for breeders. Senescing cells undergo important physiological and biochemical changes, while cellular structures such as chloroplasts are degraded with dramatic metabolic consequences for the whole plant. The possibility of prolonging the photosynthetic ability of leaves could positively impact the plant's life span with benefits for biomass production and metabolite accumulation; plants with these characteristics display a stay-green phenotype. A group of plant transcription factors known as NAC play a pivotal role in controlling senescence: here we describe the involvement of the tomato NAC transcription factor Solyc12g036480, which transcript is present in leaves and floral buds. Since its silencing delays leaf senescence and prevents plants from ageing, we renamed Solyc12g0364 HḖBĒ, for the Greek goddess of youth. In this manuscript we describe how HEB downregulation negatively affects the progression of senescence, resulting in changes in transcription of senescence-promoting genes, as well as the activity of enzymes involved in chlorophyll degradation, thereby explaining the stay-green phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Forlani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Cozzi
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Rosa
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Tadini
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Masiero
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mizzotti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Bianchetti R, De Luca B, de Haro LA, Rosado D, Demarco D, Conte M, Bermudez L, Freschi L, Fernie AR, Michaelson LV, Haslam RP, Rossi M, Carrari F. Phytochrome-Dependent Temperature Perception Modulates Isoprenoid Metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:869-882. [PMID: 32409479 PMCID: PMC7333726 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Changes in environmental temperature influence many aspects of plant metabolism; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In addition to their role in light perception, phytochromes (PHYs) have been recently recognized as temperature sensors affecting plant growth. In particular, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), high temperature reversibly inactivates PHYB, reducing photomorphogenesis-dependent responses. Here, we show the role of phytochrome-dependent temperature perception in modulating the accumulation of isoprenoid-derived compounds in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves and fruits. The growth of tomato plants under contrasting temperature regimes revealed that high temperatures resulted in coordinated up-regulation of chlorophyll catabolic genes, impairment of chloroplast biogenesis, and reduction of carotenoid synthesis in leaves in a PHYB1B2-dependent manner. Furthermore, by assessing a triple phyAB1B2 mutant and fruit-specific PHYA- or PHYB2-silenced plants, we demonstrated that biosynthesis of the major tomato fruit carotenoid, lycopene, is sensitive to fruit-localized PHY-dependent temperature perception. The collected data provide compelling evidence concerning the impact of PHY-mediated temperature perception on plastid metabolism in both leaves and fruit, specifically on the accumulation of isoprenoid-derived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bianchetti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Belen De Luca
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis A de Haro
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniele Rosado
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Diego Demarco
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mariana Conte
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO) INTA-CONICET (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria). Hurlingham, 1686 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luisa Bermudez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO) INTA-CONICET (Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria). Hurlingham, 1686 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Louise V Michaelson
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Haslam
- Department of Plant Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
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45
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Liu J, Chafi R, Legarrea S, Alba JM, Meijer T, Menken SBJ, Kant MR. Spider Mites Cause More Damage to Tomato in the Dark When Induced Defenses Are Lower. J Chem Ecol 2020; 46:631-641. [PMID: 32588284 PMCID: PMC7371662 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-020-01195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plants have evolved robust mechanisms to cope with incidental variation (e.g. herbivory) and periodical variation (e.g. light/darkness during the day-night cycle) in their environment. It has been shown that a plant's susceptibility to pathogens can vary during its day-night cycle. We demonstrated earlier that the spider mite Tetranychus urticae induces jasmonate- and salicylate-mediated defenses in tomato plants while the spider mite T. evansi suppresses these defenses probably by secreting salivary effector proteins. Here we compared induction/suppression of plant defenses; the expression of mite-effector genes and the amount of damage due to mite feeding during the day and during the night. T. urticae feeding upregulated the expression of jasmonate and salicylate marker-genes albeit significantly higher under light than under darkness. Some of these marker-genes were also upregulated by T. evansi-feeding albeit to much lower levels than by T. urticae-feeding. The expression of effector 28 was not affected by light or darkness in either mite species. However, the expression of effector 84 was considerably higher under light, especially for T. evansi. Finally, while T. evansi produced overall more feeding damage than T. urticae both mites produced consistently more damage during the dark phase than under light. Our results suggest that induced defenses are subject to diurnal variation possibly causing tomatoes to incur more damage due to mite-feeding during the dark phase. We speculate that mites, but especially T. evansi, may relax effector production during the dark phase because under these conditions the plant's ability to upregulate defenses is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rachid Chafi
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Saioa Legarrea
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan M Alba
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tomas Meijer
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steph B J Menken
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Merijn R Kant
- Section Molecular and Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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46
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Xie L, Cai M, Li X, Zheng H, Xie Y, Cheng Z, Bai Y, Li J, Mu S, Gao J. Overexpression of PheNAC3 from moso bamboo promotes leaf senescence and enhances abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8716. [PMID: 32266114 PMCID: PMC7120055 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The NAC family is one of the largest transcription factor families unique to plants, which regulates the growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses, and maturation and senescence in plants. In this study, PheNAC3, a NAC gene, was isolated and characterized from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). PheNAC3 belong to the NAC1 subgroup and has a conserved NAC domain on the N-terminus, which with 88.74% similarity to ONAC011 protein. PheNAC3 localized in the nucleus and exhibited transactivation activity. PheNAC3 was upregulated during the process of senescence of leaves and detected shoots. PheNAC3 was also induced by ABA, MeJA, NaCl and darkness, but it had no remarkable response to PEG and SA treatments. Overexpression of PheNAC3 could cause precocious senescence in Arabidopsis. Transgenic Arabidopsis displayed faster seed germination, better seedling growth, and a higher survival rate than the wild-type under salt or drought stress conditions. Moreover, AtSAG12 associated with senescence and AtRD29A and AtRD29b related to ABA were upregulated by PheNAC3 overexpression, but AtCAB was inhibited. These findings show that PheNAC3 may participate in leaf senescence and play critical roles in the salt and drought stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China.,Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanchao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yucong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Mu
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
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47
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Zhang J, Fengler KA, Van Hemert JL, Gupta R, Mongar N, Sun J, Allen WB, Wang Y, Weers B, Mo H, Lafitte R, Hou Z, Bryant A, Ibraheem F, Arp J, Swaminathan K, Moose SP, Li B, Shen B. Identification and characterization of a novel stay-green QTL that increases yield in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2272-2285. [PMID: 31033139 PMCID: PMC6835130 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional stay-green is a valuable trait that extends the photosynthetic period, increases source capacity and biomass and ultimately translates to higher grain yield. Selection for higher yields has increased stay-green in modern maize hybrids. Here, we report a novel QTL controlling functional stay-green that was discovered in a mapping population derived from the Illinois High Protein 1 (IHP1) and Illinois Low Protein 1 (ILP1) lines, which show very different rates of leaf senescence. This QTL was mapped to a single gene containing a NAC-domain transcription factor that we named nac7. Transgenic maize lines where nac7 was down-regulated by RNAi showed delayed senescence and increased both biomass and nitrogen accumulation in vegetative tissues, demonstrating NAC7 functions as a negative regulator of the stay-green trait. More importantly, crosses between nac7 RNAi parents and two different elite inbred testers produced hybrids with prolonged stay-green and increased grain yield by an average 0.29 megagram/hectare (4.6 bushel/acre), in 2 years of multi-environment field trials. Subsequent RNAseq experiments, one employing nac7 RNAi leaves and the other using leaf protoplasts overexpressing Nac7, revealed an important role for NAC7 in regulating genes in photosynthesis, chlorophyll degradation and protein turnover pathways that each contribute to the functional stay-green phenotype. We further determined the putative target of NAC7 and provided a logical extension for the role of NAC7 in regulating resource allocation from vegetative source to reproductive sink tissues. Collectively, our findings make a compelling case for NAC7 as a target for improving functional stay-green and yields in maize and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Kevin A. Fengler
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
- Present address:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid TropicsPatancheruIndia
| | - Nick Mongar
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Jindong Sun
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - William B. Allen
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Yang Wang
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Benjamin Weers
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Hua Mo
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Renee Lafitte
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Zhenglin Hou
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Angela Bryant
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Farag Ibraheem
- Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA
- Botany DepartmentFaculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityEgypt
- Present address:
Mansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | - Jennifer Arp
- Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA
- Present address:
Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterCreve CoeurMOUSA
| | - Kankshita Swaminathan
- Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA
- Present address:
Hudson Alpha Institute for BiotechnologyHuntsvilleALUSA
| | | | - Bailin Li
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
| | - Bo Shen
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontJohnstonIAUSA
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48
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Rosado D, Trench B, Bianchetti R, Zuccarelli R, Rodrigues Alves FR, Purgatto E, Segal Floh EI, Silveira Nogueira FT, Freschi L, Rossi M. Downregulation of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 Influences Plant Development and Fruit Production. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:1360-1370. [PMID: 31519788 PMCID: PMC6836831 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant development is highly dependent on the ability to perceive and cope with environmental changes. In this context, PIF proteins are key players in the cellular hub controlling responses to fluctuating light and temperature conditions. Reports in various plant species show that manipulation of the PIF4 level affects important agronomical traits. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlPIF1a and SlPIF3 regulate fruit nutraceutical composition. However, the wider role of this protein family, and the potential of their manipulation for the improvement of other traits, has not been explored. Here we report the effects of constitutive silencing of tomato SlPIF4 on whole-plant physiology and development. Ripening anticipation and higher carotenoid levels observed in SlPIF4-silenced fruits revealed a redundant role of SlPIF4 in the accumulation of nutraceutical compounds. Furthermore, silencing triggered a significant reduction in plant size, flowering, fruit yield, and fruit size. This phenotype was most likely caused by reduced auxin levels and altered carbon partitioning. Impaired thermomorphogenesis and delayed leaf senescence were also observed in silenced plants, highlighting the functional conservation of PIF4 homologs in angiosperms. Overall, this work improves our understanding of the role of PIF proteins-and light signaling-in metabolic and developmental processes that affect yield and composition of fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Rosado
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Trench
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bianchetti
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Zuccarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eny Iochevet Segal Floh
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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49
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Slugina MA, Shchennikova AV, Kochieva EZ. The expression pattern of the Pho1a genes encoding plastidic starch phosphorylase correlates with the degradation of starch during fruit ripening in green-fruited and red-fruited tomato species. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:1146-1157. [PMID: 31615619 DOI: 10.1071/fp18317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Genes encoding plastidic starch phosphorylase Pho1a were identified in 10 tomato species (Solanum section Lycopersicon). Pho1a genes showed higher variability in green-fruited than in red-fruited tomato species, but had an extremely low polymorphism level compared with other carbohydrate metabolism genes and an unusually low ratio of intron to exon single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In red-fruited species, Pho1a was expressed in all analysed tissues, including fruit at different developmental stages, with the highest level in mature green fruit, which is strong sink organ importing sucrose and accumulating starch. In green-fruited species Solanum peruvianum and Solanum arcanum, the Pho1a expression level was similar in mature green and ripe fruit, whereas in Solanum chmielewskii, it was higher in ripe fruit, and in Solanum habrochaites, the dynamics of fruit-specific Pho1a expression was similar to that in red-fruited tomatoes. During fruit development, in red-fruited Solanum lycopersicum, sucrose level was low, the monosaccharide content increased; in green-fruited S. peruvianum, the sucrose concentration increased and those of monosaccharides decreased. In both species, the starch content and Pho1a expression were downregulated. The evolutionary topology based on Pho1a sequences was consistent with the current division of tomatoes into red-fruited and green-fruited species, except for S. habrochaites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Slugina
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect. 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia; and Corresponding author.
| | - Anna V Shchennikova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect. 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Elena Z Kochieva
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect. 33, bld. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia; and Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
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50
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Kumar R, Pandey MK, Roychoudhry S, Nayyar H, Kepinski S, Varshney RK. Peg Biology: Deciphering the Molecular Regulations Involved During Peanut Peg Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1289. [PMID: 31681383 PMCID: PMC6813228 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Peanut or groundnut is one of the most important legume crops with high protein and oil content. The high nutritional qualities of peanut and its multiple usage have made it an indispensable component of our daily life, in both confectionary and therapeutic food industries. Given the socio-economic significance of peanut, understanding its developmental biology is important in providing a molecular framework to support breeding activities. In peanut, the formation and directional growth of a specialized reproductive organ called a peg, or gynophore, is especially relevant in genetic improvement. Several studies have indicated that peanut yield can be improved by improving reproductive traits including peg development. Therefore, we aim to identify unifying principles for the genetic control, underpinning molecular and physiological basis of peg development for devising appropriate strategy for peg improvement. This review discusses the current understanding of the molecular aspects of peanut peg development citing several studies explaining the key mechanisms. Deciphering and integrating recent transcriptomic, proteomic, and miRNA-regulomic studies provide a new perspective for understanding the regulatory events of peg development that participate in pod formation and thus control yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research, Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research, Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Stefan Kepinski
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research, Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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