1
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Kang XJ, Sui XD. Association between adherence to a lifestyle behavior and the risk of asthma in overweight and obese adolescents. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:489. [PMID: 39085812 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, to actively prevent the occurrence of asthma in this population is important for reducing the burden of the disease. Lifestyle factors, including diet and exercise, are importance for overweight and obese adolescents, as well as an important modifiable factor affecting airway inflammation and asthma, whether healthy lifestyle was correlated with the risk of asthma in adolescents ≥ 12 years has not been reported. We suspected that there might be correlation between healthy lifestyle behaviors and the risk of asthma in overweight and obese adolescents. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between the adherence to a healthy lifestyle behaviors and the risk of asthma in overweight and obese adolescents based on the data of 945 participants aged between 12-18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Univariable and multivariable weighted Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between healthy lifestyle behaviors with asthma risk in overweight and obese adolescents. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied as estimates. We found that the risk of asthma was reduced in overweight and obese adolescents with intermediate (OR = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17-0.94) or good lifestyle behaviors (OR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.13-0.86) in comparison to those with poor lifestyle behaviors. In summary, intermediate or good lifestyle behaviors was correlated with decreased risk of asthma in overweight and obese adolescents, which might provide a reference for making further prevention strategies for asthma in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Kang
- Xiamen Children's Hospital/Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, 361006, China
- Xingbin Street Community Health Service Center in Jimei District, Xiamen City, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sui
- Xiamen Children's Hospital/Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, 361006, China.
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2
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Rodrigues M, Padrão P, de Castro Mendes F, Moreira A, Moreira P. The Planetary Health Diet and Its Association with Asthma and Airway Inflammation in School-Aged Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:2241. [PMID: 39064684 PMCID: PMC11279413 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor dietary choices have been rising concurrently with an increase in asthma prevalence, especially in children. Dietary indexes that simultaneously measure the healthiness and sustainability of dietary patterns have emerged to address the dual concerns of human and planetary health. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate adherence to a sustainable dietary pattern and its impact on airway inflammation and asthma. In this study, 660 school-aged children (49.1% females, 7-12 years) were considered. A cross-sectional analysis was performed to assess the association between diet and asthma and airway inflammation according to overweight/obesity. Diet was evaluated through the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI). Higher scores represent a healthier and more sustainable diet. Three definitions of asthma were considered based on a self-reported medical diagnosis, symptoms, asthma medication, measured lung function, and airway reversibility. Airway inflammation was assessed by exhaled fractional nitric oxide (eNO). We considered two categories of body mass index: non-overweight/non-obese and overweight/obese. The associations between diet with asthma and airway inflammation were estimated using adjusted binary logistic regressions. The odds of having airway inflammation decreased with the increase in PHDI score. Moreover, children in the non-overweight/non-obesity group in the fourth quartile of the PHDI had lower odds of having airway inflammation compared to children in the first quartile. Our study indicates that a healthier and sustainable diet is associated with lower levels of eNO, but only among children without overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Rodrigues
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.); (P.P.); (F.d.C.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.); (P.P.); (F.d.C.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca de Castro Mendes
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.); (P.P.); (F.d.C.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.); (P.P.); (F.d.C.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Immuno-Allergology Department, São João Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.); (P.P.); (F.d.C.M.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Musiol S, Harris CP, Gschwendtner S, Burrell A, Amar Y, Schnautz B, Renisch D, Braun SC, Haak S, Schloter M, Schmidt-Weber CB, Zielinski CE, Alessandrini F. The impact of high-salt diet on asthma in humans and mice: Effect on specific T-cell signatures and microbiome. Allergy 2024; 79:1844-1857. [PMID: 38798015 DOI: 10.1111/all.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rise in asthma has been linked to different environmental and lifestyle factors including dietary habits. Whether dietary salt contributes to asthma incidence, remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the impact of higher salt intake on asthma incidence in humans and to evaluate underlying mechanisms using mouse models. METHODS Epidemiological research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Data were obtained from 42,976 participants with a history of allergies. 24-h sodium excretion was estimated from spot urine, and its association with asthma incidence was assessed by Cox regression, adjusting for relevant covariates. For mechanistic studies, a mouse model of mite-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI) fed with high-salt diet (HSD) or normal-salt chow was used to characterize disease development. The microbiome of lung and feces (as proxy for gut) was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene based metabarcoding approach. RESULTS In humans, urinary sodium excretion was directly associated with asthma incidence among females but not among males. HSD-fed female mice displayed an aggravated AAI characterized by increased levels of total IgE, a TH2-TH17-biased inflammatory cell infiltration accompanied by upregulation of osmosensitive stress genes. HSD induced distinct changes in serum short chain fatty acids and in both gut and lung microbiome, with a lower Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio and decreased Lactobacillus relative abundance in the gut, and enriched members of Gammaproteobacteria in the lung. CONCLUSIONS High dietary salt consumption correlates with asthma incidence in female adults with a history of allergies. Female mice revealed HSD-induced T-cell lung profiles accompanied by alterations of gut and lung microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Musiol
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Carla P Harris
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Gschwendtner
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Amy Burrell
- Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research & Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yacine Amar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schnautz
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis Renisch
- Department of Chemistry - TRIGA site, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonja C Braun
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Haak
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carsten B Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christina E Zielinski
- Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research & Infection Biology, Hans-Knöll-Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research & Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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4
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Lundberg M, Voutilainen H, Lyly A, Karjalainen J, Huhtala H, Laidlaw TM, Lee SE, Nuutinen M, Toppila-Salmi S. Adult-onset asthma, allergy, and aspirin hypersensitivity associate with self-reported food avoidance. Eur Clin Respir J 2024; 11:2347073. [PMID: 38706510 PMCID: PMC11067555 DOI: 10.1080/20018525.2024.2347073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The adoption of avoidance diets by adult-onset asthmatics has not previously been studied. We hypothesized that avoidance diets would associate with adult-onset asthma, allergy, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). Methods A total of 1247 subjects with adult-onset asthma (age range: 31-91) from the Finnish national registry, and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 1970) participated in a questionnaire study in 1997. We estimated the association between asthma/allergy/AERD and avoidance diets, adjusting for potential confounding factors and validated the results in two retrospective cohorts of 5080 rhinitis/rhinosinusitis patients and 167 AERD patients from 2019 to 2020. Results The presence of asthma positively associated with adoption of any avoidance diet (adjusted OR [CI95%] 1.24 [1.02-1.51], p = 0.029) as did allergic disease and self-reported AERD within the asthmatic group (1.79 [1.29-2.48], p = 0.001 and 1.69 [1.15-2.49], p = 0.007, respectively). Asthmatics and allergic asthmatics were more likely to report avoidance of fish, fruits and vegetables, and spices (p ≤ 0.03) compared to controls and non-allergic asthmatics. The adjusted OR for multiple diets among AERD patients was 2.57 [1.34-4.95] p = 0.005. In the validation, 26.2% of the allergic asthmatics and 10.8% of AERD patients had documented avoidance diets. Conclusions Our study shows a positive association between avoidance diets and adult-onset asthma, and with allergic disease or AERD within asthmatic patients. Although we lack information on the reason patients chose to observe a specific diet, our results reinforce the importance of asking patients about their diet and if needed, giving dietary advice for adult asthma patients to help them avoid the adoption of unnecessarily restrictive diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lundberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helena Voutilainen
- Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annina Lyly
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tanya M. Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stella E. Lee
- Division of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikko Nuutinen
- Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Haartman Institute, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Haartman Institute, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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5
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Al Meslamani AZ. Insights into the immunological links between dietary habits and asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:245-248. [PMID: 37897370 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2277864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Z Al Meslamani
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Roth-Walter F, Berni Canani R, O'Mahony L, Peroni D, Sokolowska M, Vassilopoulou E, Venter C. Nutrition in chronic inflammatory conditions: Bypassing the mucosal block for micronutrients. Allergy 2024; 79:353-383. [PMID: 38084827 DOI: 10.1111/all.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Nutritional Immunity is one of the most ancient innate immune responses, during which the body can restrict nutrients availability to pathogens and restricts their uptake by the gut mucosa (mucosal block). Though this can be a beneficial strategy during infection, it also is associated with non-communicable diseases-where the pathogen is missing; leading to increased morbidity and mortality as micronutritional uptake and distribution in the body is hindered. Here, we discuss the acute immune response in respect to nutrients, the opposing nutritional demands of regulatory and inflammatory cells and particularly focus on some nutrients linked with inflammation such as iron, vitamins A, Bs, C, and other antioxidants. We propose that while the absorption of certain micronutrients is hindered during inflammation, the dietary lymph path remains available. As such, several clinical trials investigated the role of the lymphatic system during protein absorption, following a ketogenic diet and an increased intake of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, in reducing inflammation and ameliorating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science and ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Diego Peroni
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Pediatric Area, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Carina Venter
- Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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7
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Zhang L, Xu Y, Li X, Yang F, Wang C, Yu C. Multivitamin consumption and childhood asthma: a cross-sectional study of the NHANES database. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:84. [PMID: 38297283 PMCID: PMC10829257 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intakes of vitamins are associated with asthma. However, previous studies mainly explored the association between a single vitamin intake and asthma, which did not take the multivitamins into consideration. Herein, this study aims to explore the overall effect of dietary multivitamins consumption on childhood asthma. METHODS Data of children and adolescents (aged 2-17 years old) were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2015-2018 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen covariates. The association between multivitamins (including vitamin A, C, D, E, B1, B2, B6, B12, K, niacin, folic acid, and choline) and childhood asthma was explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The evaluation indexes were odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We further introduced the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to assess the joint effect of the twelve vitamins on childhood asthma, the impact of an individual vitamin as part of a vitamin mixture, and the potential interactions among different vitamins. RESULTS Among 4,715 eligible children and adolescents, 487 (10.3%) had asthma. After adjusting for covariates including race, family history of asthma, pregnant smoking, BMI Z-score, energy intake, breast feeding, and low birth weight, we found that for each 1-unit increase in vitamin K consumption, the odds of childhood asthma decreased 0.99 (P=0.028). The overall effect analysis reported a trend of negative relationship between the multivitamins and childhood asthma, especially at the 75th percentile and over. According to the BKMR models, when other vitamins are fixed at the median level, the odds of childhood asthma increased along with the elevated vitamin D (VD) and vitamin B2 (VB2), whereas along with the depressed vitamin C (VC). In addition, no potential interaction has been found between every two vitamins of multivitamins on childhood asthma. CONCLUSION Among children and adolescents who have high-risk of asthma, it may be beneficial to increase dietary consumption of multivitamins. Our findings recommended that children and adolescents should increase the intake of VC-rich foods, whereas control the dietary consumption of VD and VB2 in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, P.R. China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Pediatric Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.24 Renji Road, Nanan District, Chongqing, 400062, P.R. China
| | - Chengxiu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.24 Renji Road, Nanan District, Chongqing, 400062, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, No.24 Renji Road, Nanan District, Chongqing, 400062, P.R. China.
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8
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Ge D, Chen Q, Xie X, Li Q, Yang Y. Unveiling the potent effect of vitamin D: harnessing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways as molecular targets to alleviate urban particulate matter-induced asthma inflammation. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:55. [PMID: 38273268 PMCID: PMC10809564 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common allergic disease characterized by an inflammatory response in the airways. Mechanismly, urban particulate matter (PM) is the most widely air pollutant associated with increased asthma morbidity and airway inflammation. Current research found that vitamin D is an essential vitamin with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other medical efficacy. Inadequate or deficient vitamin D often leads to the pathogenesis and stability of asthma. NGF exacerbates airway inflammation in asthma by promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation and inducing the Th2 immune response. Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway can exert a protective effect on the inflammatory response in bronchial asthma. However, the specific mechanism of this pathway in PM-involved asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells remains unclear. METHODS Mice were sensitized and challenged with Ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthma model. They were then exposed to either PM, vitamin D or a combination of both, and inflammatory responses were observed. Including, acetylcholine stimulation at different concentrations measured airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were collected for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Nerve growth factor (NGF) analysis. Additionally, lung tissues underwent histopathological examination to observe alveolar structure and inflammatory cell infiltration. Specific ELISA kits were utilized to determine the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Nerve growth factor (NGF). Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways were examined by western blot analysis. Meanwhile, we constructed a cell system with low HO-1 expression by lentiviral transfection of airway smooth muscle cells. The changes of Nrf2, HO-1, and NGF were observed after the treatment of OVA, PM, and Vit D were given. RESULTS The in vivo results showed that vitamin D significantly alleviated pathological changes in lung tissue of PM-exposed mice models. Mechanismly, vitamin D decreased substantial inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, as well as the number of inflammatory cells in BALF. Furthermore, vitamin D reduced the heightened inflammatory factors including of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NGF caused by PM exposure, and triggered the activity of nucleus Nrf2 and HO-1 in PM-exposed asthmatic mice. Notably, knockdown HO-1 weakens the Vitamin D- mediated inhibition to pollution toxicity in asthma. Importantly, in vitro experiments on OVA-stimulated mice airway smooth muscle cells, the results showed that OVA and PM, respectively, reduced Nrf2/HO-1 and increased NGF's expression, while vitamin D reversed the process. And in the HO-1 knockdown cell line of Lenti-si-HO-1 ASMCs, OVA and PM reduced Nrf2's expression, while HO-1 and NGF's expression were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The above results demastrate that vitamin D downregulated the inflammatory response and the expression of NGF by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in airway smooth muscle cells, thereby showing potent anti-inflammatory activity in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Qihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yungang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Zhenhai Road No.55, Xiamen, 361003, China.
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9
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Haahtela T, Bousquet J, Antó JM. From biodiversity to nature deficiency in human health and disease. Porto Biomed J 2024; 9:245. [PMID: 38344457 PMCID: PMC10857682 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nature (biodiversity) loss is the loss or decline of the state of nature taking place in the wider environment. We present a novel concept, nature deficiency, referring to nature loss in the human body influencing health. Humans are connected with the natural environment and its microbes and biogenic chemicals through eating (drinking), breathing, and touching. The mental and sociocultural links to the environment are also strong. With medical and ecological research and guidelines, the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of nature deficiency may become part of the clinical practice. Nature prescription is likely to find plausible forms in patient care and inspire preventive actions at the society level. Health professionals are in a key position to integrate public health promotion and environmental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), Montpellier, France
| | - Josep M. Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Wang S, Teng H, Zhang L, Wu L. Association between dietary antioxidant intakes and chronic respiratory diseases in adults. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100851. [PMID: 38259299 PMCID: PMC10801335 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) pose a significant global health burden. Antioxidant-rich diets have been associated with improved lung health, but the specific relationship with CRDs remains unclear. Methods This study examined the relationship between dietary antioxidant intakes and CRDs using data from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Information on dietary antioxidant intakes, including vitamins A, C, and E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoid, were collected from the 2 24-h recall interviews to calculate composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI). CRDs were determined based on self-reported physician diagnoses. To examine the relationship between CDAI and CRDs, multivariate logistic regression was used. To study potential non-linear correlations within these associations, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was performed. Results The study involved 40 557 individuals. The median CDAI was -0.09 (-2.05, 2.25). We discovered those who were in the fourth quartile of CDAI scores had a 19% lower prevalence than those in the first quartile (OR = 0.81 [0.72-0.91], Ptrend < 0.01) after adjusting for all relevant covariates. The fourth quartile of CDAI was linked with a lower prevalence of emphysema (OR = 0.57 [0.40-0.81], Ptrend < 0.01) and chronic bronchitis (OR = 0.74 [0.62-0.88], Ptrend < 0.01). RCS regression showed that CDAI was non-linearly related to the prevalence of CRDs, with inflection points of 3.20 (P for non-linearity <0.01). The stratified analysis did not identify variables that significantly affected the results. Conclusion Higher dietary antioxidant intakes were related with a lower prevalence of CRDs (particularly emphysema and chronic bronchitis) in general adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China
| | - Hong Teng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang, 325800, PR China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang, 325800, PR China
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11
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Suna G, Keskin O, Küçükçetin İÖ, Ayaz A. Dietary antioxidants and flavonoids intake, and their association with inflammation and oxidative stress parameters in asthmatic women: a case-control study. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 74:22-29. [PMID: 38292125 PMCID: PMC10822751 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is more prevalent and severe in women, especially after puberty. Studies suggest a potential link between dietary antioxidants, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study aimed to compare the dietary intake of antioxidants in asthmatic and healthy women, evaluating their potential associations with inflammation and oxidative stress. This study analyzed 30 asthmatic and 30 healthy women's lung function, anthropometry, biochemical parameters, and dietary antioxidant intake using a 161-itemized semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, the study explored connections between serum inflammatory markers and oxidative stress indicators in relation to dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and flavonoids. Asthmatic women exhibited higher serum IL-6 levels and lower total antioxidant status compared to healthy controls. Nevertheless, no significant differences were observed in dietary antioxidant micronutrient intake. Healthy controls demonstrated a notably higher intake of anthocyanidins compared to asthmatic women. Furthermore, the study identified a negative correlation between flavonol intake and serum total oxidant status, as well as between flavan-3-ols intake and serum oxidative stress index. Dietary differences in flavonoid and flavonoid-rich foods intake among asthmatic women may affect their serum IL-6 levels and oxidative stress. Promoting a diverse diet rich in flavonoids could benefit women with asthma by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülen Suna
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, 07070, Konyaaltı, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Olgun Keskin
- Department of Chest Disease, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Kazım Karabekir Street, Varlık District, 07100, Muratpaşa, Antalya, Turkey
| | - İkbal Özen Küçükçetin
- Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, Akdeniz University Hospital, Pınarbaşı District, Dumlupınar Boulevard, 07070, Konyaaltı, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aylin Ayaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Lai W, Li G, Peng D, Li N, Wang W. Mendelian randomization study reveals the relationship between dietary factors and respiratory diseases. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22601. [PMID: 38114639 PMCID: PMC10730871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of causal relationship between dietary factors and respiratory diseases is uncertain. We comprehensively investigated the association between dietary factors and respiratory diseases by using Mendelian randomization (MR). Genetic variants linked to dietary factors were selected as instrumental variables with genome-wide significance. These instrumental variables were obtained from large GWAS databases. These databases include Biobank, the FinnGen study, and other large consortia. We used multivariate MR analyses to control the effects of smoking and education. Median analysis was conducted to evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) played a role in dietary factors in respiratory diseases. Dried fruit intake was found to be associated with a decreased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR: 0.211; 95% CI 0.117-0.378; P < 0.001) and asthma (OR: 0.539; 95% CI 0.357-0.815; P = 0.003). Conversely, pork intake was associated with an increased risk of international pharmaceutical federation (IPF) (OR: 1.051*102, 95% CI 4.354-2.56*103, P = 0.004). However, no significant associations were observed between the 20 dietary factors and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In addition, multivariate MR analyses showed that the above results were unchanged in smoking and nonsmoking populations, while the effect of dried fruit intake on asthma was significantly attenuated after corrective education. The results of the mediator variable analysis indicated that BMI could serve as a mediator of the above results. This study found that dried fruits slowed the progression of COPD and asthma, while pork promoted IPF. However, no effect of dietary factors on OSA was found. Meanwhile, we showed that the above results were unchanged in smoking and non-smoking populations. In contrast, education could influence the role of diet on asthma, and BMI could be used as a mediating variable to influence the above results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guorui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Dunyu Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Liu W, Jiang H, Liu X, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Pan F, Yu F, Li Z, Gu M, Du Q, Li X, Zhang H, Han D. Altered intestinal microbiota enhances adenoid hypertrophy by disrupting the immune balance. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277351. [PMID: 38090578 PMCID: PMC10715246 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common upper respiratory disorder in children. Disturbances of gut microbiota have been implicated in AH. However, the interplay of alteration of gut microbiome and enlarged adenoids remains elusive. Methods 119 AH children and 100 healthy controls were recruited, and microbiome profiling of fecal samples in participants was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) was conducted to verify the effects of gut microbiota on immune response in mice. Results In AH individuals, only a slight decrease of diversity in bacterial community was found, while significant changes of microbial composition were observed between these two groups. Compared with HCs, decreased abundances of Akkermansia, Oscillospiraceae and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes genera and increased abundances of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus gnavus genera were revealed in AH patients. The abundance of Bacteroides remained stable with age in AH children. Notably, a microbial marker panel of 8 OTUs were identified, which discriminated AH from HC individuals with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9851 in the discovery set, and verified in the geographically different validation set, achieving an AUC of 0.9782. Furthermore, transfer of mice with fecal microbiota from AH patients dramatically reduced the proportion of Treg subsets within peripheral blood and nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and promoted the expansion of Th2 cells in NALT. Conclusion These findings highlight the effect of the altered gut microbiota in the AH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huier Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyuan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meizhen Gu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingding Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Medical School, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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14
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Dębińska A, Sozańska B. Dietary Polyphenols-Natural Bioactive Compounds with Potential for Preventing and Treating Some Allergic Conditions. Nutrients 2023; 15:4823. [PMID: 38004216 PMCID: PMC10674996 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of the constantly increasing prevalence of allergic diseases, changes in dietary patterns have been suggested as a plausible environmental explanation for the development and progression of these diseases. Nowadays, much attention has been paid to the development of dietary interventions using natural substances with anti-allergy activities. In this respect, dietary polyphenols have been studied extensively as one of the most prominent natural bioactive compounds with well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms underlying the potential anti-allergic actions of polyphenols related to their ability to reduce protein allergenicity, regulate immune response, and gut microbiome modification; however, these issues need to be elucidated in detail. This paper reviews the current evidence from experimental and clinical studies confirming that various polyphenols such as quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, catechins, and many others could attenuate allergic inflammation, alleviate the symptoms of food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, and prevent the development of allergic immune response. Conclusively, dietary polyphenols are endowed with great anti-allergic potential and therefore could be used either for preventive approaches or therapeutic interventions in relation to allergic diseases. Limitations in studying and widespread use of polyphenols as well as future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dębińska
- Department and Clinic of Paediatrics, Allergology and Cardiology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Chałubińskiego 2a, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
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15
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Chen M, Zhang K, Zhang X, Gao J, Zhang R, Wei X, Cao W. Association between living habits, indoor humidity, ventilation and asthma among residents in the tropical regions of China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1294115. [PMID: 38035300 PMCID: PMC10684788 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1294115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Asthma is a major public health problem that affects both children and adults, and its prevalence varies among people with different climatic characteristics and living habits. However, few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors for asthma among tropical residents in China. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlation between individuals' living environment and daily habits in Hainan Province, and the occurrence of asthma. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data from 1021 participants in three regions of the Hainan Province. A questionnaire derived from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey was used to collect data on demographics, living habits, self-reported asthma, and respiratory system-related symptoms. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analyses to screen for relative risk factors associated with asthma. Results Among the 1,021 subjects investigated, the prevalence rate of self-reported asthma was 18.6%. Significant risk factors for asthma include hair dyeing, longer living time in Hainan, higher BMI, and living in a damp and musty room. Protective factors included fruit intake, years of higher education, and indoor timing of natural ventilation. Conclusion Higher frequency of hair dyeing, higher body mass index (BMI), longer living in Hainan, lower frequency of fruit intake, fewer years of education, a damp and musty room, and no indoor timing natural ventilation were associated with an increased risk of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Center, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenting Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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16
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Hu M, Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhou H, You Y, Xue Z. Complex interplay of gut microbiota between obesity and asthma in children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264356. [PMID: 38029078 PMCID: PMC10655108 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important risk factor and common comorbidity of childhood asthma. Simultaneously, obesity-related asthma, a distinct asthma phenotype, has attracted significant attention owing to its association with more severe clinical manifestations, poorer disease control, and reduced quality of life. The establishment of the gut microbiota during early life is essential for maintaining metabolic balance and fostering the development of the immune system in children. Microbial dysbiosis influences host lipid metabolism, triggers chronic low-grade inflammation, and affects immune responses. It is intimately linked to the susceptibility to childhood obesity and asthma and plays a potentially crucial transitional role in the progression of obesity-related asthma. This review article summarizes the latest research on the interplay between asthma and obesity, with a particular focus on the mediating role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity-related asthma. This study aims to provide valuable insight to enhance our understanding of this condition and offer preliminary evidence to support the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yannan You
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kontopoulou L, Kotsiou OS, Tourlakopoulos K, Karpetas G, Paraskevadaki EV, Malli F, Pantazopoulos I, Daniil Z, Gourgoulianis KI. Physical Health-Related Quality of Life in Relation to Mediterranean Diet Adherence in a Sample of Greek Asthma Patients: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1512. [PMID: 37888123 PMCID: PMC10608726 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of nutrition in the management of asthma in obese patients is of increasing interest due to their limited response to inhaled corticosteroids. Some studies note that through diet and lifestyle, there can be an improvement in asthma control. The aim of the present study was to investigate the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and its association with asthma severity and quality of life in patients with bronchial asthma. This is a cross-sectional study of 85 patients (70.6% female), with a mean age of 57 years, from the General University Hospital of Larissa and, more specifically, patients of the outpatient asthma clinic. Data were collected with the use of specific questionnaires. In relation to BMI, 12.9% of participants were of a normal weight, 45.9% were overweight, 25.9% were obese level I, 5.9% were obese level II, and 9.4% were in the morbidly obese range. Based on the Med Diet Score (ranging from 21 to 35), most participants (85.9%) reported moderate adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Further analysis examined the correlations of the PCS-12 score with the frequency of consumption of each of the 11 food categories, as well as all demographic and health behavior variables. The ranked correlations indicated a significant relationship between PCS-12 score and Med Diet adherence and the consumption of alcoholic beverages (r = 0.437, p < 0.05), in accordance with the Mediterranean Diet suggestions, as well as a negative relationship with BMI score (r = -0.454, p < 0.010). Moreover, significant correlations were also present between the physical quality of life and AQLQ score and work type, as well as gender, age, and marital status. The results of our study showed a high rate of obesity in patients with asthma at the General University Hospital of Larissa and moderate adherence to the Mediterranean Diet. Increased BMI and alcoholic beverage consumption in asthma patients were significant predictors of lower physical health-related quality of life. In conclusion, personal and society-level interventions are required to effectively address obesity and poor diet in patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamprini Kontopoulou
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Ourania S. Kotsiou
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Department of Human Pathophysiology, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Gaiopolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tourlakopoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Georgios Karpetas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
| | | | - Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Ioannis Pantazopoulos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Zoe Daniil
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Biopolis, Greece; (K.T.); (G.K.); (I.P.); (Z.D.); (K.I.G.)
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Brigham E, Hashimoto A, Alexis NE. Air Pollution and Diet: Potential Interacting Exposures in Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:541-553. [PMID: 37440094 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a review of emerging literature describing the impact of diet on the respiratory response to air pollution in asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Asthma phenotyping (observable characteristics) and endotyping (mechanistic pathways) have increased the specificity of diagnostic and treatment pathways and opened the doors to the identification of subphenotypes with enhanced susceptibility to exposures and interventions. Mechanisms underlying the airway immune response to air pollution are still being defined but include oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of adaptive and innate immune responses, with genetic susceptibility highlighted. Of these, neutrophil recruitment and activation appear prominent; however, understanding neutrophil function in response to pollutant exposures is a research gap. Diet may play a role in asthma pathogenesis and morbidity; therefore, diet modification is a potential target opportunity to protect against pollutant-induced lung injury. In particular, in vivo and in vitro data suggest the potential for diet to modify the inflammatory response in the airways, including impacts on neutrophil recruitment and function. Murine models provide compelling results in regard to the potential for dietary components (including fiber, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids) to buffer against the inflammatory response to air pollution in the lung. Precision lifestyle approaches to asthma management and respiratory protection in the context of air pollution exposures may evolve to include diet, pending the results of further epidemiologic and causal investigation and with neutrophil recruitment and activation as a candidate mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Brigham
- Division of Respirology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Alisa Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Neil E Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Zhang X, Han Y, Tian Q, Du L, Chen L, Zhang Y, Guo X, Li X. The association between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and asthma in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14024. [PMID: 37747750 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is an inflammatory disease. The potential of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to alleviate asthma symptoms through their anti-inflammatory effects and immune modulation has been explored. However, the precise role of dietary n-3 PUFAs in childhood and adolescent asthma remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary n-3 PUFAs intake and asthma in children and adolescents in the United States. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 8543 children and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2013 and 2020 by adjusting for covariates and using multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, threshold effects, and subgroup analyses. RESULTS Among 8354 participants, 1456 (16.5%) self-reported diagnosis of asthma by a healthcare provider. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared with individuals in the lowest n-3 PUFA consumption group (T1, <26.07 mg/kg/day), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for asthma was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.6-0.84, p < .001) in the second group (T2, 26.07-48.93 mg/kg/day) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47-0.73, p < .001) in the third group (T3, >48.93 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, a nonlinear (L-shaped) relationship was observed between n-3 PUFA intake and asthma (p = .009), with subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirming the stability of the results. In the threshold analysis, a critical turning point was observed at approximately 59.0 mg/kg/day (OR = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.977-0.991, p < .001). CONCLUSION Dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs exhibited an L-shaped relationship with asthma in children and adolescents in the United States, with a critical turning point observed at approximately 59.0 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yujie Han
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaohuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Linjun Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuening Guo
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Liu G, Ye H, Cheng Q, Zhao J, Ma C, Jie H. The association of polyunsaturated fatty acids and asthma: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:91. [PMID: 37658467 PMCID: PMC10474735 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00435-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) dietary intake and asthma in children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 14,727 participants from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 1999-2018 were included, and the baseline characteristics of all participants were gathered. The description analysis was used to explore the possible covariates. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to assessed the association between PUFAs dietary intake and asthma in children. In addition, we also performed subgroup analysis based on gender, age, and maternal smoking during pregnancy to investigate this relationship. RESULTS The prevalence of asthma approximately was 15.38% in the present study. The result of weighted multivariate logistic regression indicated that, docosahexaenoic [weighted odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19-0.74], total n - 3 PUFAs (weighted OR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.43-0.91), and eicosapentaenoic (weighted OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.13-0.95) dietary intake were negatively associated with asthma in children. The subgroup analysis described that when children were male (weighted OR = 0.28, 95%CI 0.10-0.84), or were 5-7 years (weighted OR = 0.04, 95%CI 0.01-0.37), were 7-12 years (weighted OR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.24-0.90), or their maternal smoking during pregnancy (weighted OR = 0.16, 95%CI 0.03-0.90), docosahexaenoic dietary intake was negatively related to childhood asthma. CONCLUSION Docosahexaenoic dietary intake was negatively associated with the asthma in children, especially if children were male, or were 5-12 years, or their maternal smoking during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangtie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hengbo Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao Jie
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, No.386 Longtan Road, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, He Z, Lin Z, Bai J, Adcock IM, Yao X. Healthy eating index (HEI) as the predictor of asthma: Findings from NHANES. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:158-165. [PMID: 37344067 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND&AIMS Previous studies have shown that the formation and development of asthma are closely related to diet. A proper diet can control asthma onset although the precise dietary components involved in preventing or delaying the onset of asthma remain unclear. The healthy eating index (HEI-2015) is a dietary score that measures the overall diet quality as well as the quality of several dietary components. We aimed to explore the relationship between HEI and asthma. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the 2005 to 2018 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) in adults (n = 26,567). Our inclusion criteria were adults ≥18 years, completion of asthma-related questionnaires and availability of HEI data. Weighted logistic regression was performed to assess the association between asthma and HEI after adjusting for several covariates. RESULTS Patients with asthma were more likely to be female, come from a poorer background, have a raised body mass index (BMI) and a lower HEI total score. Higher HEI total scores were associated with a lower risk of asthma in adults. In addition, eating more whole fruits, more greens and beans, more total protein foods, more seafood and plant proteins, and having a reduced dietary intake of added sugars reduces the risk of asthma. In asthmatic populations, higher HEI scores are associated with older age at onset of asthma. CONCLUSION There is an inverse association between the HEI and asthma. This underlines the importance of improving adherence to healthy dietary patterns in the prevention of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebei Li
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Zhiqiang He
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
| | - Zichen Lin
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianling Bai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Serra HCOA, Rudakoff LCS, Muniz AKOA, Magalhães EIDS, Bragança MLBM, Silva AAMD, Vianna EDSO, Bettiol H, Barbieri MA. Association between the Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Asthma in Adults from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Nutrients 2023; 15:3165. [PMID: 37513583 PMCID: PMC10386360 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-processed Food (UPF) consumption can play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of UPF and asthma. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1857 adults aged 23-25 years from the Ribeirão Preto-SP birth cohort (1978/1979). The exposure variable was the consumption of UPF (expressed as their percentage contribution to energy intake-% total caloric value [%TCV] and their percentage contribution to the amount of food ingested-%grams), which was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Asthma was the outcome and was defined based on a positive methacholine challenge test and the presence of wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath over the last 12 months. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the association between these variables. Unadjusted analyses and analyses adjusted for sex, age, household income, smoking, and physical activity level were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of asthma in the sample was 13.2%. The mean total consumption of UPF was 37.9 ± 11.2% TCV (corresponding to 35.1 ± 15.1% grams). There was no association between the consumption of UPF and asthma in adults. CONCLUSION This study provides no evidence for an association between the consumption of UPF and asthma in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heloisa Bettiol
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Barbieri
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Zhu Y, Pan Z, Jing D, Liang H, Cheng J, Li D, Zhou X, Lin F, Liu H, Pan P, Zhang Y. Association of air pollution, genetic risk, and lifestyle with incident adult-onset asthma: A prospective cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114922. [PMID: 37080133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have explored the association of air pollution with asthma but have yielded conflicting results. The exact role of air pollution in the incidence of adult-onset asthma and whether this effect is modified by genetic risk, lifestyle, or their interaction remain uncertain. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study on 298,738 participants (aged 37-73 years) registered in the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association of air pollution, including particulate matter (PM2.5, PMcoarse, and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), with asthma incidence. We constructed genetic risk and lifestyle scores, assessed whether the impact of air pollution on adult-onset asthma risk was modified by genetic susceptibility or lifestyle factors, and evaluated the identified interactions. RESULTS We found that each interquartile range increase in annual concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and NOx was related to 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.08), 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08), and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.06) times the risk of adult-onset asthma, respectively. The size of the effect of air pollution was greater among subpopulations with low genetic risk or unfavorable lifestyles. We also identified an additive interaction effect of air pollution with lifestyle factors, but not with genetic risk, on the risk of adult-onset asthma. CONCLUSION Our analyses show that air pollution increases the risk of adult-onset asthma, but that the size of the effect is modified by lifestyle and genetic risk. These findings emphasize the need for integrated interventions for environmental pollution by the government as well as adherence to healthy lifestyles to prevent adult-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyi Pan
- Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Danrong Jing
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huaying Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dianwu Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fengyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Metsälä J, Vuorinen AL, Takkinen HM, Peltonen EJ, Ahonen S, Åkerlund M, Tapanainen H, Mattila M, Toppari J, Ilonen J, Veijola R, Haahtela T, Knip M, Kaila M, Virtanen SM. Longitudinal consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of asthma by 5 years of age. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13932. [PMID: 36974649 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit and vegetable consumption has been linked to a decreased risk of asthma, but prospective evidence on longitudinal consumption in childhood is scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption in childhood and the risk of asthma by the age of 5 years, and to explore the role of processing of fruits and vegetables in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Allergy Study. METHODS Child's food consumption was assessed by 3-day food records completed at the age of 3 and 6 months, and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, and asthma and allergies by a validated modified version of the ISAAC questionnaire at the age of 5 years. Consumption of processed and unprocessed fruits and vegetables was calculated. Joint models with a current value association structure for longitudinal and time-to-event data were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of the 3053 children, 184 (6%) developed asthma by the age of 5 years. The risk of asthma was not associated with the consumption of all fruits and vegetables together (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.99-1.01 per consumption of 1 g/MJ, adjusted for energy and other covariates), or with most subgroups. Weak inverse associations were seen between all leafy vegetables and asthma (HR = 0.87, 0.77-0.99), and unprocessed vegetables and nonatopic asthma (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-0.98). CONCLUSION Total consumption of fruits and vegetables in childhood was not associated with the development of asthma by the age of 5 years. Weak inverse associations found for vegetables need to be confirmed or rejected in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Metsälä
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna-Leena Vuorinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna-Mari Takkinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Essi J Peltonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi Ahonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Åkerlund
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Tapanainen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Mattila
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, and Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kaila
- Public Health Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Suvi M Virtanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Supplementation of syringic acid-rich Phrynium pubinerve leaves imparts protection against allergic inflammatory responses by downregulating iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB expressions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13343. [PMID: 36816283 PMCID: PMC9932742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to characterize the role of ethanolic leaf extract of Phrynium pubinerve Blume (EPP) supplement in attenuating allergic inflammation, encouraged by the presence of syringic acid in it, as this phenolic acid is reportedly promising in suppressing serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and inflammatory cytokine levels. Materials and methods HPLC-DAD dereplication analysis was performed to determine the presence of the vital polyphenolic metabolites. The efficacy of EPP against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells was evaluated by measuring its inhibitory effects on NO and ROS/RNS production. The expressions of major inflammation-associated molecules (iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α) in RAW 264.7 cells were assessed through Western blot. Physiological and behavioral changes, BMI, and different biochemical parameters in mice blood serum were investigated in the toxicological assays. Formaldehyde-induced paw edema test in mice was conducted using established animal model. TDI-induced allergic model in mice was carried out to determine different allergy-like symptoms, and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The intermolecular interaction analysis of the identified major metabolite of EPP with H1R and iNOS was studied by molecular docking. Results HPLC-DAD analysis showed the presence of syringic acid (89.19 mg/100 g EPP) and a few other compounds. LPS-induced NO generation was reduced by EPP in a concentration-dependent manner, showing IC50 of 28.20 ± 0.27 μg/mL. EPP exhibited a similar inhibitory effect on ROS/RNS production with IC50 of 29.47 ± 2.19 μg/mL. Western blotting revealed that EPP significantly downregulated the expressions of iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells when challenged with LPS. The toxicological assays confirmed the dosage and organ-specific safety of EPP. In the formaldehyde-induced paw edema test, EPP caused a 66.41% reduction in mice paw volume at 500 mg/kg dose. It ameliorated TDI-induced allergy-like symptoms and decreased different inflammatory WBCs in mice's blood and BAL fluid in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, syringic acid demonstrated mentionable intermolecular binding affinity towards H1R (-6.6 Kcal/moL) and iNOS (-6.7 Kcal/moL). Conclusions Collectively, considerable scientific reasoning was obtained in favor of the suppressive potential of EPP against allergic inflammatory responses that are proposed to be exerted via the downregulation of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB expressions, H1R antagonism and suppression of cytokines, such as IL-6, and TNF-α.
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Zheng H, Dai H, Yan X, Xiang Q. Study on Intestinal Flora and Asthma: Knowledge Graph Analysis Based on CiteSpace (2001-2021). J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:355-364. [PMID: 37041761 PMCID: PMC10083019 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s402883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Intestinal flora, a significant risk factor for asthma, has become a widespread concern in the pathogenesis of asthma. To review the literature related to intestinal flora in asthma, summarize research direction, and report trends, this study used CiteSpace to perform bibliometric statistics and analysis on the research papers of intestinal flora and asthma collected in the Web of science core collection from 2001 to 2021. Eventually, a total of 613 articles were included. The results demonstrated that research on gut flora and asthma continued to heat up, with article numbers increasing, especially in the last decade. Moreover, analysis of the keywords showed that the research topics of intestinal flora and asthma range from confirming the link between intestinal flora and asthma to investigating mechanisms and then to asthma treatment. According to the summary of research hotspots, we expand on three emerging issues that require attention in the intestinal flora and asthma research, including (regulatory T)Treg cells, probiotics, and chain fatty acid. Evidence illustrated that Treg cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma caused by dysbiosis of the gut flora. Furthermore, in contrast to probiotic supplements, which do not reduce the risk of developing asthma, short-chain fatty acids supplements do. Overall, the research direction in the field of intestinal flora and asthma has recently evolved from macro to micro with depth broadened. As a robust scientific evaluation, our study provided a comprehensive overview of the area, particularly for research focus, which could more precisely direct scholars on future research and clinical diagnosis, therapy, and individualized prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Dai
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Yan
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiangwei Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiangwei Xiang, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Deledda A, Palmas V, Heidrich V, Fosci M, Lombardo M, Cambarau G, Lai A, Melis M, Loi E, Loviselli A, Manzin A, Velluzzi F. Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Clinical Variables after Ketogenic and Mediterranean Diets in Drug-Naïve Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. Metabolites 2022; 12:1092. [PMID: 36355175 PMCID: PMC9693465 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the most common form of diabetes, is a progressive chronic metabolic disease that has increasingly spread worldwide, enhancing the mortality rate, particularly from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Lifestyle improvement through diet and physical activity is, together with drug treatment, the cornerstone of T2DM management. The Mediterranean diet (MD), which favors a prevalence of unprocessed vegetable foods and a reduction in red meats and industrial foods, without excluding any food category, is usually recommended. Recently, scientific societies have promoted a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), a multiphasic protocol that limits carbohydrates and then gradually re-introduces them, with a favorable outcome on body weight and metabolic parameters. Indeed, gut microbiota (GM) modifications have been linked to overweight/obesity and metabolic alterations typical of T2DM. Diet is known to affect GM largely, but only a few studies have investigated the effects of VLCKD on GM, especially in T2DM. In this study, we have compared anthropometric, biochemical, lifestyle parameters, the quality of life, and the GM of eleven patients with recently diagnosed T2DM and overweight or obesity, randomly assigned to two groups of six and five patients who followed the VLCKD (KETO) or hypocaloric MD (MEDI) respectively; parameters were recorded at baseline (T0) and after two (T2) and three months (T3). The results showed that VLCKD had more significant beneficial effects than MD on anthropometric parameters, while biochemical improvements did not statistically differ. As for the GM, despite the lack of significant results regarding the alpha and beta diversity, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio between the two groups, in the KETO group, a significant increase in beneficial microbial taxa such as Verrucomicrobiota phylum with its members Verrucomicrobiae, Verrucomicrobiales, Akkermansiaceae, and Akkermansia, Christensenellaceae family, Eubacterium spp., and a reduction in microbial taxa previously associated with obesity (Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota) or other diseases (Alistipes) was observed both at T2 and T3. With regards to the MEDI group, variations were limited to a significant increase in Actinobacteroidota phylum at T2 and T3 and Firmicutes phylum at T3. Moreover, a metagenomic alteration linked to some metabolic pathways was found exclusively in the KETO group. In conclusion, both dietary approaches allowed patients to improve their state of health, but VLCKD has shown better results on body composition as well as on GM profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Vitor Heidrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Michele Fosci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Cambarau
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Lai
- Diabetologia, P.O. Binaghi, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marietta Melis
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Aldo Manzin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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The Baseline Gut Microbiota Enterotype Directs Lifestyle-Induced Amelioration of Pollen Allergy Severity: A Self Controlled Case-Series Study. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the key factors underlying individual responses to a habitual diet is important in implementing personalized nutrition strategies to treat allergic diseases. This prospective randomized cohort study aimed to identify key factors determining individual pollen allergy (PA) trajectories in a natural setting. Baseline data on fecal microbiota composition, lifestyle activities, and diet habits of 190 participants with PA and 92 healthy controls were collected, followed by a SOMPO-guided intestinal activity program. Three enterotypes enriched in Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus and four subenterotypes for enterotypes Bacteroides and Prevotella enriched with Faecalibacterium, Megamonas, and Fusobacterium were identified at baseline. PA severity was significantly negatively correlated with the daily intake of fermented plants and no weekly intake of meat, but positively correlated with poor sleep quality. Interactions between enterotype and lifestyle factors affected PA severity, and intestinal activity intervention based on the baseline enterotype reduced the PA severity score. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrated that the baseline gut enterotype plays a crucial role in PA. This study suggests combining enterotype data with habitual diet can improve PA severity.
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Scheffers FR, Boer JM, Gehring U, Koppelman GH, Vonk J, Smit HA, Monique Verschuren W, Wijga AH. The association of pure fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit consumption with asthma prevalence in adolescents growing up from 11 to 20 years: The PIAMA birth cohort study. Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101877. [PMID: 35794880 PMCID: PMC9251571 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure fruit juice was consumed most frequently at the age of 14. Consumption of fruit was not associated with asthma from 11 to 20 years. Consumption of SSBs was not associated with asthma from 11 to 20 years. Consumption of pure fruit juice was not associated with asthma from 11 to 20 years. We found no evidence for limiting pure fruit juice consumption to prevent asthma.
Pure fruit juice is comparable to sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with respect to its sugar and fructose content. However, it also contains favorable components like polyphenols. From this perspective, pure fruit juice is more comparable with whole fruit. SSBs have been associated with higher asthma risk, while whole fruit consumption has been associated with lower prevalence of asthma (symptoms). Associations with pure fruit juice have been rarely studied. Therefore, we studied the associations of consumption of pure fruit juice, SSBs and whole fruit with asthma prevalence in 3046 children of the Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort growing up from 11 to 20 years. Consumption of pure fruit juice, SSBs and fruit was self-reported at the ages of 11, 14, 17 and 20 years. Presence of asthma was defined based on parental reports of asthma diagnosis ever, and wheezing and asthma medication in the last 12 months. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalized linear mixed models accounting for correlation between repeated measurements within subjects. No associations were found between pure fruit juice, SSBs and fruit consumption and the overall prevalence of asthma from 11 to 20 years. An earlier reported association of low pure fruit juice consumption with higher asthma prevalence at the age of 11 years in the PIAMA population was confirmed, but no associations were found at the ages of 14, 17 and 20 years.
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Hosseini B, Berthon BS, Jensen ME, McLoughlin RF, Wark PAB, Nichol K, Williams EJ, Baines KJ, Collison A, Starkey MR, Mattes J, Wood LG. The Effects of Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Children with Asthma on the Modulation of Innate Immune Responses. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153087. [PMID: 35956264 PMCID: PMC9370535 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with asthma are at risk of acute exacerbations triggered mainly by viral infections. A diet high in fruit and vegetables (F&V), a rich source of carotenoids, may improve innate immune responses in children with asthma. Children with asthma (3−11 years) with a history of exacerbations and low F&V intake (≤3 serves/d) were randomly assigned to a high F&V diet or control (usual diet) for 6 months. Outcomes included respiratory-related adverse events and in-vitro cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), treated with rhinovirus-1B (RV1B), house dust mite (HDM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). During the trial, there were fewer subjects with ≥2 asthma exacerbations in the high F&V diet group (n = 22) compared to the control group (n = 25) (63.6% vs. 88.0%, p = 0.049). Duration and severity of exacerbations were similar between groups. LPS-induced interferon (IFN)-γ and IFN-λ production showed a small but significant increase in the high F&V group after 3 months compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Additionally, RV1B-induced IFN-λ production in PBMCs was positively associated with the change in plasma lycopene at 6 months (rs = 0.35, p = 0.015). A high F&V diet reduced asthma-related illness and modulated in vitro PBMC cytokine production in young children with asthma. Improving diet quality by increasing F&V intake could be an effective non-pharmacological strategy for preventing asthma-related illness by enhancing children’s innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Hosseini
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Bronwyn S. Berthon
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Megan E. Jensen
- Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (M.E.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Rebecca F. McLoughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Peter A. B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Kristy Nichol
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Evan J. Williams
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Katherine J. Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Adam Collison
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
- Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (M.E.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Malcolm R. Starkey
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
- Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (M.E.J.); (J.M.)
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Sub-Faculty of Translational Medicine and Public Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (M.E.J.); (J.M.)
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Lisa G. Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (B.H.); (B.S.B.); (R.F.M.); (P.A.B.W.); (K.N.); (E.J.W.); (K.J.B.); (A.C.); (M.R.S.)
- Priority Research Centre Grow Up Well, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (M.E.J.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Vassilopoulou E, Guibas GV, Papadopoulos NG. Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy. Nutrients 2022; 14:1825. [PMID: 35565792 PMCID: PMC9105881 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We are currently riding the second wave of the allergy epidemic, which is ongoing in affluent societies, but now also affecting developing countries. This increase in the prevalence of atopy/asthma in the Western world has coincided with a rapid improvement in living conditions and radical changes in lifestyle, suggesting that this upward trend in allergic manifestations may be associated with cultural and environmental factors. Diet is a prominent environmental exposure that has undergone major changes, with a substantial increase in the consumption of processed foods, all across the globe. On this basis, the potential effects of dietary habits on atopy and asthma have been researched rigorously, but even with a considerable body of evidence, clear associations are far from established. Many factors converge to obscure the potential relationship, including methodological, pathophysiological and cultural differences. To date, the most commonly researched, and highly promising, candidate for exerting a protective effect is the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDi). This dietary pattern has been the subject of investigation since the mid twentieth century, and the evidence regarding its beneficial health effects is overwhelming, although data on a correlation between MedDi and the incidence and severity of asthma and atopy are inconclusive. As the prevalence of asthma appears to be lower in some Mediterranean populations, it can be speculated that the MedDi dietary pattern could indeed have a place in a preventive strategy for asthma/atopy. This is a review of the current evidence of the associations between the constituents of the MedDi and asthma/atopy, with emphasis on the pathophysiological links between MedDi and disease outcomes and the research pitfalls and methodological caveats which may hinder identification of causality. MedDi, as a dietary pattern, rather than short-term supplementation or excessive focus on single nutrient effects, may be a rational option for preventive intervention against atopy and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George V. Guibas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, UK;
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon and Levadias 1, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Reyes-Angel J, Han YY, Rosser F, Forno E, Acosta-Pérez E, Canino G, Celedón JC. Diet, Asthma, and Severe Asthma Exacerbations in a Prospective Study of Puerto Rican Youth. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:1013-1019.e1. [PMID: 35123101 PMCID: PMC9007834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor diet quality may contribute to the disproportionate asthma burden in Puerto Rican youth. OBJECTIVE To examine whether an unhealthy diet at one or two study visits conducted over about 5 years was associated with asthma, severe asthma exacerbations, and worse lung function in Puerto Rican youth. METHODS This was a prospective study of 406 Puerto Rican youth aged 6 to 14 years at a baseline visit and 9 to 20 years at a follow-up visit. As in prior work, diet was assessed using a dietary score ranging from -2 to +2. The exposure of interest was an unhealthy diet, defined as a nonpositive dietary score (0 to -2) at one or both visits. Outcomes of interest were asthma (defined as physician-diagnosed asthma and one of more episode of wheeze in the year before the second visit), one or more severe asthma exacerbation in the year before the second visit, and change in percent predicted lung function measures (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) between the first and second visits. RESULTS In a multivariable analysis, an unhealthy diet at both visits was associated with increased odds of asthma (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.74-6.57) and severe asthma exacerbations (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-6.03), but not with change in lung function. CONCLUSIONS An unhealthy diet at both visits was associated with increased odds of asthma and severe asthma exacerbations, compared with a healthy diet at both visits. Our findings support health policies promoting a healthy diet in Puerto Rican youth, a population at high risk for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Reyes-Angel
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Yueh-Ying Han
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Franziska Rosser
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Edna Acosta-Pérez
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Glorisa Canino
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Dietary Acid Load Modulation of Asthma-Related miRNAs in the Exhaled Breath Condensate of Children. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061147. [PMID: 35334803 PMCID: PMC8949211 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual nutrients and bioactive compounds have been implicated in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are related to inflammation and asthma. However, evidence about the impact of diet is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between dietary acid load and asthma-related miRNA in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of school-aged children. This cross-sectional analysis included 150 participants aged 7 to 12 years (52% girls) from a nested case–control study, which randomly selected 186 children attending 71 classrooms from 20 public schools located in city of Porto, Portugal. Dietary data were collected by one 24 h-recall questionnaire. Dietary acid load was assessed using the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores. Based on previous studies, eleven asthma-related miRNAs were chosen and analyzed in EBC by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR. PRAL, NEAP and miRNAs were categorized as high or low according to the median. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the association between dietary acid load scores and miRNAs. Children in high dietary acid load groups (PRAL ≥ 14.43 and NEAP ≥ 55.79 mEq/day) have significantly increased odds of having high miR-133a-3p levels. In conclusion, higher dietary acid loads possibly modulate asthma-related miRNAs of school-aged children.
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Sahoyama Y, Hamazato F, Shiozawa M, Nakagawa T, Suda W, Ogata Y, Hachiya T, Kawakami E, Hattori M. Multiple nutritional and gut microbial factors associated with allergic rhinitis: the Hitachi Health Study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3359. [PMID: 35233003 PMCID: PMC8888718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07398-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest the involvement of dietary habits and gut microbiome in allergic diseases. However, little is known about the nutritional and gut microbial factors associated with the risk of allergic rhinitis (AR). We recruited 186 participants with symptoms of AR and 106 control subjects without symptoms of AR at the Hitachi Health Care Center, Japan. The habitual consumption of 42 selected nutrients were examined using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Faecal samples were collected and subjected to amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene hypervariable regions. Association analysis revealed that four nutrients (retinol, vitamin A, cryptoxanthin, and copper) were negatively associated with AR. Among 40 genera examined, relative abundance of Prevotella and Escherichia were associated with AR. Furthermore, significant statistical interactions were observed between retinol and Prevotella. The age- and sex-adjusted odds of AR were 25-fold lower in subjects with high retinol intake and high Prevotella abundance compared to subjects with low retinol intake and low Prevotella abundance. Our data provide insights into complex interplay between dietary nutrients, gut microbiome, and the development of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Sahoyama
- Technology Innovation Div., Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, Business Tower, Toranomon Hills, 1-17-1 Minato-ku, Toranomon, Tokyo, 105-6409, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Hamazato
- Technology Innovation Div., Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, Business Tower, Toranomon Hills, 1-17-1 Minato-ku, Toranomon, Tokyo, 105-6409, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Technology Innovation Div., Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, Business Tower, Toranomon Hills, 1-17-1 Minato-ku, Toranomon, Tokyo, 105-6409, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Hitachi Health Care Center, Hitachi Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogata
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Alharbi KS, Afzal O, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Javed Shaikh MA, Thangavelu L, Gulati M, Singh SK, Jha NK, Gupta PK, Chellappan DK, Oliver BG, Dua K, Gupta G. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibition as a therapeutic target for plant nutraceuticals in mitigating inflammatory lung diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109842. [PMID: 35104489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are dietary supplements that are used to improve health, postpone aging, prevent illnesses, and maintain the human body's correct functioning. Nutraceuticals are now garnering a lot of interest because of their nutritional and therapeutic benefits. The research indicating the relevance of nutraceuticals as a possible therapeutic candidate against inflammatory lung disease was covered in this review. Nowadays, inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, pneumonia, lung cancer, becoming highly dreadful because of their associated fatality. Inflammation is one of the cores and common factors of these diseases which is mainly associated with nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation, NF-κB p65 and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) phosphorylation, and initiation of the signaling pathway of the NF-κB. The secondary metabolites from natural sources are the active component that attenuates NF-κB and the associated pathway that inhibits inflammation in lung diseases. Nutraceuticals belonging to the chemical category polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins have the potential to combat the NF-κB pathway. Accordingly, this review discusses the medical value of nutraceuticals briefly and their ability to mitigate various inflammatory lung diseases through targeting inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Arshad Javed Shaikh
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacy, TPCT's College of Engineering, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, 413501, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Brian George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 2007, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Glebe NSW, 2037, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW, 2007, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Mortimer K, Reddel HK, Pitrez PM, Bateman ED. Asthma management in low- and middle-income countries: case for change. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.03179-2021. [PMID: 35210321 PMCID: PMC9474897 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03179-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common non-communicable disease in children, and among the most common in adults. The great majority of people with asthma live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where they suffer disproportionately high asthma-related morbidity and mortality. Essential inhaled medications, particularly those containing inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), are often unavailable or unaffordable, and this explains much of the global burden of preventable asthma morbidity and mortality.Guidelines developed for LMICs are generally based on the outdated assumption that patients with asthma symptoms <1-3 times/week do not need (or benefit from) ICS. Even when ICS is prescribed, many patients manage their asthma with oral or inhaled short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA) alone, due to issues of availability and affordability. A single ICS-formoterol inhaler-based approach to asthma management for all severities of asthma, from mild to severe, starting at diagnosis, might overcome SABA overuse/over-reliance and reduce the burden of symptoms and severe exacerbations. However, ICS-formoterol inhalers are currently very poorly available or unaffordable in LMICs. There is a pressing need for pragmatic clinical trial evidence of the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of this and other strategies to improve asthma care in these countries.The global health inequality in asthma care that deprives so many children, adolescents and adults of healthy lives and puts them at increased risk of death - despite the availability of highly effective therapeutic approaches - is unacceptable. A World Health Assembly Resolution on universal access to affordable effective asthma care is needed to focus attention and investment on addressing this need.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mortimer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (2) Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H K Reddel
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - P M Pitrez
- Pediatric Respiratory Division, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - E D Bateman
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Haahtela T, Jantunen J, Saarinen K, Tommila E, Valovirta E, Vasankari T, Mäkelä MJ. Managing the allergy and asthma epidemic in 2020s-Lessons from the Finnish experience. Allergy 2022; 77:2367-2380. [PMID: 35202479 PMCID: PMC9546028 DOI: 10.1111/all.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In Finland, a systematic public health programme was implemented from 2008 to 2018 to mitigate the burden of allergic disorders by revisiting the prevention strategy. Allergy health and contacts with natural environment were emphasized to promote immunological and psychological resilience instead of poorly justified avoidance. Allergy management practices were improved and low‐valued recommendations for care, for example for food allergy, were revised. Patients and families were empowered to use guided self‐management to proactively stop symptom exacerbations. A professional non‐governmental organization implemented the nationwide education for healthcare and patient NGOs for patients, families and lay public. In healthcare, the work supporting allergic patients and families was organized towards common goals and integrated into everyday work without extra costs. Reaching the predefined goals was followed by employing the national healthcare registers and questionnaire surveys. Governmental bodies contributed with kick‐off funding, which was supplemented by private funding. International collaboration, for example with the European patient organization (EFA), increased awareness of the Finnish action and predisposed it for peer review. The 10‐year results are favourable, patients are less disabled, practices and attitudes in healthcare have changed, and major cost savings have been obtained. Views of the lay public and patients are slow to move, however. Local multidisciplinary allergy teams were set up to continue the activities also after the Programme. Changes in environment and lifestyle in the last 50 years are the main reasons for the allergy rise. The Finnish experience may help to manage allergic diseases, improve nature relatedness in the fast‐urbanizing world, combat nature loss and reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Juha Jantunen
- Allergy, Skin and Asthma Federation Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Erja Tommila
- Finnish Lung Health Association (FILHA) Helsinki Finland
| | - Erkka Valovirta
- Department of Lung Diseases and Clinical Allergology University of Turku, and Allergy ClinicTerveystalo Turku Finland
| | | | - Mika J. Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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Silva BBD, Silva JD, Traebert JL, Schlindwein AD. Maternal and early childhood factors associated with asthma and obesity in children aged 6 to 7 years: a case control study. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2022; 20:eAO5609. [PMID: 35239830 PMCID: PMC8827358 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2022ao5609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the maternal and early childhood factors associated with asthma and obesity in children aged 6 to 7 years. Methods A case-control study conducted with children aged 6 to 7 years. Applications with questions about asthma symptoms in the last 12 months, maternal and childhood data in the first 2 years of life, and anthropometric data were collected. Children who presented asthma symptoms were considered as cases and those without asthma symptoms were considered as controls, later divided into two subgroups that were eutrophic or overweight/obesity. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between asthma symptoms (adequate weight and overweight/obesity) and gestational and personal factors, calculating odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Results Two hundred and one children were evaluated, 25.4% had asthma symptoms, 37.2% of them were overweight/obesity. Waist circumference, triceps skinfold, and body mass index were higher in the group with overweight/obesity asthma symptoms compared to no asthma symptoms (p<0.05). Factors significantly associated with asthma and overweight/obesity symptoms included: the maternal history of asthma (odds ratio of 3.73; 95%CI: 1.10-12.6) and hypertension during pregnancy (odds ratio of 3.29; 95%CI: 1.08-9.94). Conclusion Maternal history of asthma and hypertension during pregnancy increased the chances of children, at 6 and 7 years of age, having symptoms of asthma and obesity.
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Mineral Micronutrients in Asthma. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114001. [PMID: 34836256 PMCID: PMC8625329 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma represents one of the most common medical issues in the modern world. It is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways and disturbances in redox status, leading to hyperresponsiveness of bronchi and airway obstruction. Apart from classical risk factors such as air pollution, family history, allergies, or obesity, disturbances of the levels of micronutrients lead to impairments in the defense mechanisms of the affected organism against oxidative stress and proinflammatory stimuli. In the present review, the impact of micronutrients on the prevalence, severity, and possible risk factors of asthma is discussed. Although the influence of classical micronutrients such as selenium, copper, or zinc are well known, the effects of those such as iodine or manganese are only rarely mentioned. As a consequence, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how disturbances in the levels of micronutrients and their supplementation might affect the course of asthma.
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40
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Pediatric Obesity-Related Asthma: The Role of Nutrition and Nutrients in Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113708. [PMID: 34835964 PMCID: PMC8620690 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity rates have dramatically risen in numerous countries worldwide. Obesity is likely a factor in increased asthma risk, which is already one of the most widespread chronic respiratory pathologies. The pathogenic mechanism of asthma risk has still not yet been fully elucidated. Moreover, the role of obesity-related inflammation and pulmonary overreaction to environmental triggers, which ultimately result in asthma-like symptoms, and the importance of dietary characteristics is well recognized. Diet is an important adjustable element in the asthma development. Food-specific composition of the diet, in particular fat, sugar, and low-quality nutrients, is likely to promote the chronic inflammatory state seen in asthmatic patients with obesity. An unbalanced diet or supplementation as a way to control asthma more efficiently has been described. A personalized dietary intervention may improve respiratory symptoms and signs and therapeutic response. In this narrative review, we presented and discussed more recent literature on asthma associated with obesity among children, focusing on the risk of asthma among children with obesity, asthma as a result of obesity focusing on the role of adipose tissue as a mediator of systemic and local airway inflammation implicated in asthma regulation, and the impact of nutrition and nutrients in the development and treatment of asthma. Appropriate early nutritional intervention could possibly be critical in preventing and managing asthma associated with obesity among children.
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Leung ASY, Tham EH, Li J, Pacharn P, Takizawa T, Lee E, Xing Y, Leung TF, Hong SJ, Wong GWK. The role of the environment in shaping the trends of childhood asthma - An Asian perspective. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:1152-1164. [PMID: 33760296 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Asthma has now become one of the most common atopic disorders not only in developed countries but also in many developing countries. The etiology is likely due to a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. In many Asian countries, the prevalence of asthma has also been documented by validated instruments to be increasing rapidly over the past two decades. However, studies in rural areas in Asia with a traditional farming environment revealed markedly lower asthma prevalence when compared with residents in nearby cities despite having similar genetic background. Among the environmental factors implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma, air pollution, dietary patterns, viral infections, and early microbial exposure have been studied extensively around the world. Asia provides many opportunities to study these potential factors as there are many ethnic groups living in distinctly different environments. The understanding of the roles of these factors in affecting the early immune system and subsequent development of asthma will enable us to develop potential primary preventive strategies against a disease which affects millions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes S Y Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Punchama Pacharn
- Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takumi Takizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yuhan Xing
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting-Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Childhood Asthma and Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gary W K Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Berthon BS, McLoughlin RF, Jensen ME, Hosseini B, Williams EJ, Baines KJ, Taylor SL, Rogers GB, Ivey KL, Morten M, Da Silva Sena CR, Collison AM, Starkey MR, Mattes J, Wark PAB, Wood LG. The effects of increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children with asthma: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1144-1156. [PMID: 34197676 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high fruit and vegetable (F&V) diet reduces asthma exacerbations in adults; this has not been examined in children to date. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a 6-month, high F&V diet on the time to first asthma exacerbation in children with asthma, in a parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS Children (aged 3-11 years) with asthma, history of exacerbations and usual low F&V intake (≤3 serves/day) were randomized to the intervention (high F&V diet) or control group (usual diet) for 6 months. The primary outcome was time to first exacerbation requiring medical intervention. Secondary outcomes included exacerbation rate, lung function, plasma TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6, faecal microbiota and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 41/43 and HDAC (1-11) expression. RESULTS 67 children were randomized between September 2015 and July 2018. F&V intake (difference in change (∆): 3.5 serves/day, 95% CI: [2.6, 4.4] p < 0.001) and plasma total carotenoids (∆: 0.44 µg/ml [0.19, 0.70] p = 0.001) increased after 6 months (intervention vs control). Time to first exacerbation (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.38, 1.69], p = 0.569) and exacerbation rate (IRR: 0.84, [0.47, 1.49], p = 0.553) were similar between groups. In per-protocol analysis, airway reactance z-scores increased (X5 ∆: 0.76 [0.04, 1.48] p = 0.038, X20 ∆: 0.93 [0.23, 1.64] p = 0.009) and changes in faecal microbiota were observed, both in the intervention versus control group, though there was no difference between groups in systemic inflammation or molecular mechanisms. In the control group, CRP and HDAC enzyme activity increased, while GPR41 expression decreased. No adverse events attributable to the interventions were observed. CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE A high F&V diet did not affect asthma exacerbations over the 6-month intervention, though warrants further investigation as a strategy for improving lung function and protecting against systemic inflammation in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn S Berthon
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca F McLoughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan E Jensen
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Banafshe Hosseini
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Evan J Williams
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven L Taylor
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Geraint B Rogers
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kerry L Ivey
- Microbiome & Host Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Morten
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Carla R Da Silva Sena
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam M Collison
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Malcolm R Starkey
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpwell, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Mendes FDC, Paciência I, Cavaleiro Rufo J, Farraia M, Silva D, Padrão P, Delgado L, Garcia-Larsen V, Moreira A, Moreira P. Higher diversity of vegetable consumption is associated with less airway inflammation and prevalence of asthma in school-aged children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:925-936. [PMID: 33394508 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been suggested to counteract the oxidative stress and inflammation that characterize asthma. We aimed to assess the association between vegetable and fruit diversity consumption and asthma and its related outcomes in school-aged children. METHODS Participants included 647 children (49% females, aged 7-12 years) recruited from 20 public schools across the city of Porto, in Portugal. Vegetable intake and fruit intake were ascertained using a single self-reported 24-hour recall questionnaire. A diversity score was built taking into account the different number of individual vegetables and fruits consumed and categorized into two groups based on the total reported median consumption, which was rounded to the nearest whole number (≤3 and >3, for vegetables; and ≤1 and >1, for fruits). A questionnaire was used to enquire about self-reported medical diagnosis of asthma and respiratory symptoms. Airway inflammation was assessed measuring exhaled fractional nitric oxide concentration (eNO) and was categorized into two groups (<35 and ≥35 ppb). The association between fruit and vegetable diversity and respiratory outcomes was examined using logistic regression models, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS A higher vegetable diversity consumption per day was negatively associated with having self-reported asthma (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.47, 0.95), while having a vegetable diversity consumption superior to 3 items per day was negatively associated with levels of eNO ≥ 35 ppb (OR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.16, 0.88) and breathing difficulties (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.16, 0.97). CONCLUSION Eating a greater variety of vegetables was associated with a lower chance of airway inflammation and prevalence of self-reported asthma in school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca de Castro Mendes
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Paciência
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Cavaleiro Rufo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Farraia
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Silva
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Delgado
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Garcia-Larsen
- Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - André Moreira
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Alwarith J, Kahleova H, Crosby L, Brooks A, Brandon L, Levin SM, Barnard ND. The role of nutrition in asthma prevention and treatment. Nutr Rev 2021; 78:928-938. [PMID: 32167552 PMCID: PMC7550896 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. Prevalence has continued to rise in recent decades as Western dietary patterns have become more pervasive. Evidence suggests that diets emphasizing the consumption of plant-based foods might protect against asthma development and improve asthma symptoms through their effects on systemic inflammation, oxidation, and microbial composition. Additionally, increased fruit and vegetable intake, reduced animal product consumption, and weight management might mediate cytokine release, free radical damage, and immune responses involved in the development and course of asthma. The specific aim of this review paper is to examine the current literature on the associations between dietary factors and asthma risk and control in children and adults. Clinical trials examining the mechanism(s) by which dietary factors influence asthma outcomes are necessary to identify the potential use of nutritional therapy in the prevention and management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Alwarith
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hana Kahleova
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lee Crosby
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexa Brooks
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Susan M Levin
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Neal D Barnard
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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Papamichael MM, Katsardis C, Tsoukalas D, Lambert K, Erbas B, Itsiopoulos C. Potential role of folate status on pulmonary function in pediatric asthma. Nutrition 2021; 90:111267. [PMID: 33979761 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between plasma folate status and measures of airway disease (as reflected by spirometry) in children with asthma on a traditional Mediterranean diet. We hypothesized that folate deficiency is associated with lung function impairment in this group of children. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 64 children with mild asthma (52% boys, mean age 8 ± 2 y) residing in Athens, Greece. Clinical assessments included spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Plasma 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) was analyzed using high performance-liquid chromatography assay and examined in participants using quartiles (Q1-Q4). RESULTS Of the 64 children, 45.3% were folate deficient (5-MTHF <10 nmol/L). A positive relationship was observed between 5-MTHF and forced vital capacity (FVC; β = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14-1.44; adjusted P = 0.019), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) (β = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.01-1.55; adjusted P = 0.046), and peak expiratory flow (PEF; β = 1.64; 95% CI, 0.14-3.15; adjusted P = 0.033) in girls only, adjusting for body mass index and regular exercise. Girls with low plasma folate concentrations (Q1), compared with girls with high concentrations (Q4) had 8.64% lower FVC (β = -8.64; 95% CI, -16.18 to -1.09; adjusted P = 0.027), 10.35% FEV1 (β = -10.35; 95% CI, -18.82 to -1.89; adjusted P = 0.019), and 18.72% PEF (β = -18.72; 95% CI, -36.30 to -1.14; adjusted P = 0.038). CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlighted the potential negative effects of folate deficiency on pulmonary function in girls with asthma, the importance of monitoring folate status in children with asthma, and early prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Michelle Papamichael
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Katrina Lambert
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology & Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology & Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Australia; Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Public Health, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia; RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
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Nutritional Factors in Occupational Lung Disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2021; 21:24. [PMID: 33768348 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-021-01003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lung diseases such as asthma and COPD are major public health issues and related to occupational exposures. While therapies to limit the development and progression of these diseases are limited, nutrition interventions could offer potential alternatives to mediate the inflammation associated with these diseases. This is a narrative review of the current state of relevant nutrients on inflammation and respiratory outcomes associated with occupational exposures. RECENT FINDINGS Relevant nutrients that have been investigated in recent years include omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, zinc, vitamin D, dairy products, and antioxidants. These nutrients have demonstrated the potential to prevent or modify the adverse outcomes associated with occupational exposures, primarily in preclinical studies. Current therapies for respiratory consequences associated with occupational exposures are limited; therefore, addressing strategies for reducing inflammation is important in improving quality of life and limiting health care costs. More human studies are warranted to determine the effectiveness of nutrition as an intervention.
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Urrutia-Pereira M, Chong-Neto H, Mocellin LP, Ellwood P, Garcia-Marcos L, Simon L, Rinelli P, Solé D. Prevalence of asthma symptoms and associated factors in adolescents and adults in southern Brazil: A Global Asthma Network Phase I study. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100529. [PMID: 33850603 PMCID: PMC8010518 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Global Asthma Network (GAN) aims to find out the current status of the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema using global surveillance to achieve worldwide recognition and improve the management of asthma, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to verify the associated factors for asthma in adolescents and their respective parents/caregivers. Methods Adolescents (13–14 years old; n = 1058) and their respective parents/caregivers (mean age = 42.1 years, n = 896) living in the town of Uruguaiana, Southern Brazil fulfilled the standardized questionnaire. Results Although the prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months was higher among adults than adolescents (18.4% vs. 15.8%, respectively), adolescents showed more severe wheezing and worse control over the disease revealed by higher consumption of short-acting beta-2 agonists; going to the emergency room; hospitalization in the last year and dry night cough. Smoking and paracetamol use were associated with risk for developing asthma symptoms and consuming seafood/fish was protective. For the adults smoking (10 or more cigarettes/day) and exposure to mould in the house were associated with risk for asthma symptoms. Conclusions Adolescents have a high prevalence of asthma symptoms and few have an action plan. Adults do not have their disease under control and they use more relief than preventive medication. Differences in associated factors could determine the outcomes in asthma control among adolescents and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas Pitrez Mocellin
- Department of Collective Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, Brazil
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Luis Garcia-Marcos
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, IMIB Bio-health Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), ARADyAL Network, Spain
| | - Laura Simon
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Pampa (Unipampa), Brazil
| | - Pietro Rinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Pampa (Unipampa), Brazil
| | - Dirceu Solé
- Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Venter C, Palumbo MP, Sauder KA, Glueck DH, Starling AP, Ringham BM, O'Mahony L, Moore BF, Yang IV, Dabelea D. Examining Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Index in Pregnancy, Pro-inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Levels at Birth, and Offspring Asthma and/or Wheeze by Age 4 Years. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2003-2012.e3. [PMID: 33744233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have demonstrated associations between maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII) during pregnancy and offspring asthma and/or wheeze. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess associations between maternal DII during pregnancy and 1) offspring cord sera pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) at birth and 2) offspring asthma and/or wheeze at age 4 years. DESIGN The Healthy Start study is a prospective prebirth longitudinal study that recruited pregnant women in Denver, Colorado and tracked their offspring. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This study used data from 1228 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Healthy Start study. Pregnant women were recruited in Denver, Colorado, between 2009 and 2014, and offspring tracked until age 4 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cord sera cytokines and chemokines were analyzed with multiplex panel immunoassays. Offspring diagnosis of asthma and/or wheeze by age 4 years was extracted from electronic medical records. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to assess associations. Covariates included factors such as nulliparity, race/ethnicity, gestational smoking, and maternal history of asthma. RESULTS Unadjusted analysis showed that increasing maternal DII scores were associated with increased odds of child asthma and/or wheeze by 4 years (odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.27), but the association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant in the adjusted model (odds ratio = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.99-1.33). There were no significant associations between DII scores and cord sera cytokine or chemokine levels. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that the inflammatory profile of the maternal diet was not associated with cytokines and chemokine levels at birth. The results suggested that a more inflammatory maternal diet was associated with increased odds of offspring asthma and/or wheeze by age 4 years, which could be considered of clinical relevance but the finding was not statistically significant at the .05 level.
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The Influence of Eating at Home on Dietary Diversity and Airway Inflammation in Portuguese School-Aged Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052646. [PMID: 33808006 PMCID: PMC7967357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Considering the negative impact of a lack of dietary diversity on children’s nutritional status, we aimed to describe dietary variety according to eating at home frequency and assessed its association with respiratory outcomes in school-aged children. This cross-sectional study included 590 children (49% girls) aged 7 to 12 years from 20 public schools located in city of Porto, Portugal. Daily frequency of eating at home groups were calculated and dietary diversity was calculated using a 10-food group score from a 24 h recall questionnaire. Spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide levels (eNO; <35 and ≥35 ppb) were assessed. The comparison of diet diversity according to the groups was performed by ANOVA and ANCOVA. The association between dietary diversity and respiratory outcomes was examined using regression models. In multivariate analysis, children in the highest group of eating at home episodes (≥4 occasions) obtained the lowest dietary diversity mean score, while the lowest group (<2) had the highest mean score (p-value 0.026). After adjustment for confounders, higher diet diversity (≥5 food groups) significantly decreased the odds of having an eNO ≥35. Diet diversity might decrease the chance of airway inflammation among children. However, having more eating episodes at home could be a barrier to a more diverse diet.
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[Diet and asthma: Better eating for better breathing?]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:278-288. [PMID: 33676796 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled therapies are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. However, according to national and international guidelines, non-pharmacological interventions should not be neglected in asthma. It has been demonstrated that a healthy diet is beneficial to general health. Recently, the effect of diet on asthma has been highlighted in many studies. Two diets have been particularly studied: the Mediterranean diet (high in fruits and vegetables and low in fat) and the Western diet (high in saturated fat and low in fruits and vegetables). A beneficial effect of the Mediterranean diet and deleterious effect of the Western diet on the development or control of asthma has been shown in some studies even after adjustment for overweight. Study findings have not been unanimous, probably related to the complexity of conducting studies on a diet that may change from day to day for any individual subject. In addition, the effect of physical exercise, which is known to be beneficial in asthma, is rarely taken into account in these studies. However, studies on diet are becoming more complex with the use of specific dietary indices, which should bring interesting data in the future.
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