1
|
Guo X, Zhu S, Xue Y, Lin Y, Mao J, Li S, Liang C, Lu X, Tian J. The Stylo Cysteine-Rich Peptide SgSnakin1 Is Involved in Aluminum Tolerance through Enhancing Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6672. [PMID: 38928379 PMCID: PMC11204226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stylo (Stylosanthes spp.) is an important pasture legume with strong aluminum (Al) resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its Al tolerance remain fragmentary. Due to the incomplete genome sequence information of stylo, we first conducted full-length transcriptome sequencing for stylo root tips treated with and without Al and identified three Snakin/GASA genes, namely, SgSnakin1, SgSnakin2, and SgSnakin3. Through quantitative RT-PCR, we found that only SgSnakin1 was significantly upregulated by Al treatments in stylo root tips. Histochemical localization assays further verified the Al-enhanced expression of SgSnakin1 in stylo root tips. Subcellular localization in both tobacco and onion epidermis cells showed that SgSnakin1 localized to the cell wall. Overexpression of SgSnakin1 conferred Al tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis, as reflected by higher relative root growth and cell vitality, as well as lower Al concentration in the roots of transgenic plants. Additionally, overexpression of SgSnakin1 increased the activities of SOD and POD and decreased the levels of O2·- and H2O2 in transgenic Arabidopsis in response to Al stress. These findings indicate that SgSnakin1 may function in Al resistance by enhancing the scavenging of reactive oxygen species through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiong Guo
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Shengnan Zhu
- Life Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China;
| | - Yingbin Xue
- College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
| | - Yan Lin
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jingying Mao
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Shuyue Li
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Xing Lu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.G.); (Y.L.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh D, Maithreyi S, Taunk J, Singh MP. Physiological and proteomic characterization revealed the response mechanisms underlying aluminium tolerance in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14298. [PMID: 38685770 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity causes major plant distress, affecting root growth, nutrient uptake and, ultimately, agricultural productivity. Lentil, which is a cheap source of vegetarian protein, is recognized to be sensitive to Al toxicity. Therefore, it is important to dissect the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Al tolerance in lentil. To understand the physiological system and proteome composition underlying Al tolerance, two genotypes [L-4602 (Al-tolerant) and BM-4 (Al-sensitive)] were studied at the seedling stage. L-4602 maintained a significantly higher root tolerance index and malate secretion with reduced Al accumulation than BM-4. Also, label-free proteomic analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer exhibited significant regulation of Al-responsive proteins associated with antioxidants, signal transduction, calcium homeostasis, and regulation of glycolysis in L-4602 as compared to BM-4. Functional annotation suggested that transporter proteins (transmembrane protein, adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transport-related protein and multi drug resistance protein), antioxidants associated proteins (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidoreductase, oxidoreductase molybdopterin binding protein & peroxidases), kinases (calmodulin-domain kinase & protein kinase), and carbohydrate metabolism associated proteins (dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase) were found to be abundant in tolerant genotype providing protection against Al toxicity. Overall, the root proteome uncovered in this study at seedling stage, along with the physiological parameters measured, allow a greater understanding of Al tolerance mechanism in lentil, thereby assisting in future crop improvement programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubhra Maithreyi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu Y, Khan S, Yin L, Tang H, Huang J. Investigating aluminum toxicity effects on callose deposition, oxidative stress, and nutrient homeostasis in banana genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33071-w. [PMID: 38632199 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly in acidic soils. The banana crop, predominantly cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates, often grapples with low pH and Al toxicity. This study seeks to explore the differential responses of two banana genotypes with varying Al tolerance (Baodao and Baxi) to Al exposure (100 and 500 µM) for 24 h. Microscopic analysis uncovered distinctive structural modifications in root cells, with Baodao displaying more severe alterations in response to Al stress. There was higher superoxide (O2-.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and lipid peroxidation in Baodao indicating enhanced oxidative stress and membrane damage. Al accumulation in root tips was higher in Baxi than Baodao, while the roots of Baodao had a higher accumulation of callose. Nutrient content analysis revealed alterations in ion levels, highlighting the impact of Al exposure on nutrient uptake and homeostasis. In summary, Al differentially affects callose deposition, which, in turn, leads to Al uptake and nutrient homeostasis alteration in two contrasting banana genotypes. This intricate interplay is a key factor in understanding plant responses to aluminum toxicity and can inform strategies for crop improvement and soil management in aluminum-stressed environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hua Tang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu J, Khan S, Hu Y, Yin L, Huang J. Physiological mechanisms of exogenous organic acids to alleviate aluminum toxicity in seedlings of mungbean, buckwheat, and rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108031. [PMID: 37734270 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the major constraints for crop yield in acidic soils is the phytotoxicity of aluminum ions (Al3+), which primarily affects the roots. To mitigate the harmful effects of Al toxicity, plants use organic acids to chelate Al internally and externally. In this study, the effects of exogenous organic acids on Al toxicity in rice, mung bean, and buckwheat were investigated. Specifically, the study examined the ameliorative effect of three organic acids (oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid, each at a concentration of (100 μmol/L) on root elongation, fresh weight, Al content, organic acid key enzymes, and rhizosphere pH in hydroponic media containing (100 μmol/L) Al. The experimental results revealed species-specific responses to aluminum tolerance and the alleviating effects of different organic acids. Buckwheat was found to be the most aluminum-tolerant, followed by mung bean, while rice was the least tolerant. Exogenous application of oxalic acid promoted root elongation, increased root fresh weight, and enhanced the activity of the PEPC enzyme in mung bean. Malic acid, on the other hand, alleviated Al toxicity in rice by promoting root elongation, increasing root fresh weight, enhancing the activity of the PEPC enzyme, and decreasing the activity of the MDH enzyme. In buckwheat, citric acid application reduced Al toxicity by promoting root elongation, increasing root weight, and decreasing the activities of CS and GO enzymes. These findings indicate that different organic acids can reduce Al toxicity in different plant species by employing different physiological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang D, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chen G. Silicon mediated redox homeostasis in the root-apex transition zone of rice plays a key role in aluminum tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107871. [PMID: 37393859 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The supply of silicon (Si) mitigates the aluminum (Al) toxicity on plant root growth, while the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Transition zone (TZ) emerges as the Al-toxicity target of plant root apex. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Si on redox homeostasis in root-apex TZ of rice seedlings under Al stress. Si alleviated Al toxicity as revealed by promotion of root elongation and less Al accumulation. In Si-deprived plants, treatment with Al altered the normal distribution of superoxide anion (O2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in root tip. Al induced a significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in root-apex TZ, resulting in the peroxidation of membrane lipid and loss of plasma membrane integrity in root-apex TZ. However, Si greatly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and enzymes involved in ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle in root-apex TZ under Al stress, and enhanced AsA and GSH contents, which reduced ROS and callose contents, thereby reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and Evans blue uptake. These results allow to precise the changes of ROS in root-apex TZ after exposure to Al, and the positive role of Si in maintaining redox balance in root-apex TZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, 211222, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Araniti F, Talarico E, Madeo ML, Greco E, Minervino M, Álvarez-Rodríguez S, Muto A, Ferrari M, Chiappetta A, Bruno L. Short-term exposition to acute Cadmium toxicity induces the loss of root gravitropic stimuli perception through PIN2-mediated auxin redistribution in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 332:111726. [PMID: 37149227 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), one of the most widespread and water-soluble polluting heavy metals, has been widely studied on plants, even if the mechanisms underlying its phytotoxicity remain elusive. Indeed, most experiments are performed using extensive exposure time to the toxicants, not observing the primary targets affected. The present work studied Cd effects on Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh's root apical meristem (RAM) exposed for short periods (24h and 48h) to acute phytotoxic concentrations (100 and 150µM). The effects were studied through integrated morpho-histological, molecular, pharmacological and metabolomic analyses, highlighting that Cd inhibited primary root elongation by affecting the meristem zone via altering cell expansion. Moreover, Cd altered Auxin accumulation in RAM and affected PINs polar transporters particularly PIN2. In addition, we observed that high Cd concentration induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in roots, which resulted in an altered organization of cortical microtubules and the starch and sucrose metabolism, altering the statolith formation and, consequently, the gravitropic root response. Our results demonstrated that short Cd exposition (24h) affected cell expansion preferentially, altering auxin distribution and inducing ROS accumulation, which resulted in an alteration of gravitropic response and microtubules orientation pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Emanuela Talarico
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Madeo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Eleonora Greco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Marco Minervino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Sara Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Bioloxía, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonella Muto
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Michele Ferrari
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Adriana Chiappetta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, CS 87036, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin Q, Huai Z, Riaz L, Peng X, Wang S, Liu B, Yu F, Ma J. Aluminum phytotoxicity induced structural and ultrastructural changes in submerged plant Vallisneria natans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 250:114484. [PMID: 36608570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a concentration-dependent toxic metal found in the crust of earth that has no recognized biological use. Nonetheless, the mechanism of Al toxicity to submerged plants remains obscure, especially from a cell/subcellular structure and functional group perspective. Therefore, multiple dosages of Al3+ (0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.5 mg/L) were applied hydroponically to the submerged plant Vallisneria natans in order to determine the accumulation potential of Al at the subcellular level and their ultrastructural toxicity. More severe structural and ultrastructural damage was determined when V. natans exposed to ≥ 0.6 mg/L Al3+. In 1.2 and 1.5 mg/L Al3+ treatment groups, the total chlorophyll content of leaves significantly reduced 3.342, 3.838 mg/g FW, some leaves even exhibited chlorosis and fragility. Under 0.3 mg/L Al3+ exposure, the middle-age and young leaves were potent phytoexcluders, whereas at 1.5 mg/L Al3+, a large amount of Al could be transferred from the roots to other parts, among which the aged leaves were the most receptive tissues (7.306 mg/g). Scanning/Transmission electron microscopy analysis displayed the Al-mediated disruption of vascular bundle structure in leaf cells, intercellular space and several vegetative tissues, and demonstrated that Al in vacuole and chloroplast subcellular segregation into electron dense deposition. Al and P accumulation in the roots, stolons and leaves varied significantly among treatments and different tissues (P < 0.05). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of plant biomass also indicated possible metabolites (amine, unsaturated hydrocarbon, etc.) of V. natans that may bind Al3+. Conclusively, results revealed that Al3+ disrupts the cellular structure of leaves and roots or binds to functional groups of biological tissues, thereby affecting plant nutrient uptake and photosynthesis. Findings might have scientific and practical significance for the restoration of submerged vegetation in Al-contaminated lakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Lin
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiwen Huai
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Narowal, 51750 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shishi Wang
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lyu M, Liu J, Xu X, Liu C, Qin H, Zhang X, Tian G, Jiang H, Jiang Y, Zhu Z, Ge S. Magnesium alleviates aluminum-induced growth inhibition by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and carbon-nitrogen metabolism in apple seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114421. [PMID: 36529044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have determined that magnesium (Mg) in appropriate concentrations prevents plants from suffering from abiotic stress. To better understand the mechanism of Mg alleviation of aluminum (Al) stress in apple, we investigated the effect of Mg on plant growth, photosynthetic fluorescence, antioxidant system, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism of apple seedlings under Al toxicity (1.5 mmol/L) via a hydroponic experiment. Al stress induced the production of reactive oxygen in the leaves and roots and reduced the total dry weight (DW) by 52.37 % after 20 days of treatment relative to plants grown without Al, due to hindered photosynthesis and alterations in C and N metabolism. By contrast, total DW decreased by only 11.07 % in the Mg-treated plants under Al stress. Supplementation with 3.0 mmol/L Mg in the Al treatment decreased Al accumulation in the apple plants and reduced Al-induced oxidative damage by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) and reducing the production of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA). Under Al stress, the Mg-treated plants showed a 46.17 % higher photosynthetic rate than the non-treated plants. Supplementation with Mg significantly increased the sucrose content by increasing sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) activities. Moreover, Mg facilitated the transport of 13C-carbohydrates from the leaves to roots. Regarding N metabolism, the nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activities in the roots and leaves of the Mg-treated plants were significantly higher than those of the non-treated plants under Al stress. Compared with the non-treated plants under Al stress, the Mg-treated plants exhibited a significantly high level of NO3- and soluble protein content in the leaves, roots, and stems, but a low level of free amino acids. Furthermore, Mg significantly improved nitrogen accumulation and enhanced the transport of 15N from the roots to leaves. Overall, our results revealed that Mg alleviates Al-induced growth inhibition by enhancing antioxidant capacity and C-N metabolism in apple seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xinxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Hanhan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Ge Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Han Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanmao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhanling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| | - Shunfeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Yang S, Li C, Hu T, Hou S, Bai Q, Ji X, Xu F, Guo C, Huang M, Cai Y, Liu J. The plasma membrane-localized OsNIP1;2 mediates internal aluminum detoxification in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:970270. [PMID: 36172551 PMCID: PMC9512054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity significantly restricts crop production on acidic soils. Although rice is highly resistant to Al stress, the underlying resistant mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we characterized the function of OsNIP1;2, a plasma membrane-localized nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein (NIP) in rice. Aluminum stress specifically and quickly induced OsNIP1;2 expression in the root. Functional mutations of OsNIP1;2 in two independent rice lines led to significantly enhanced sensitivity to Al but not other metals. Moreover, the Osnip1;2 mutants had considerably more Al accumulated in the root cell wall but less in the cytosol than the wild-type rice. In addition, compared with the wild-type rice plants, the Osnip1;2 mutants contained more Al in the root but less in the shoot. When expressed in yeast, OsNIP1;2 led to enhanced Al accumulation in the cells and enhanced sensitivity to Al stress, suggesting that OsNIP1;2 facilitated Al uptake in yeast. These results suggest that OsNIP1;2 confers internal Al detoxification via taking out the root cell wall's Al, sequestering it to the root cell's vacuole, and re-distributing it to the above-ground tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Robert W. Holley Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Shaohua Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chune Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taijiao Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siyu Hou
- School of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Qing Bai
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiyue Ji
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongdai Guo
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Cai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiping Liu
- Robert W. Holley Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liang Y, Bai T, Liu B, Yu W, Teng W. Different antioxidant regulation mechanisms in response to aluminum-induced oxidative stress in Eucalyptus species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113748. [PMID: 35696965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Forest ecosystems play an important role in environmental protection and maintaining ecological balance. Understanding the physiological mechanisms of tree species response to aluminum (Al) toxic is crucial to reveal the main causes of plantation decline in acid rain area. As an important afforestation tree species in tropical and subtropical areas, Eucalyptus has high economic value and plays crucial ecological roles. However, continuous fertilization and acid precipitation can exacerbate soil acidification and increase soil active Al, which has a significant negative impact on Eucalyptus growth. Hence, species and genotypes with high Al resistance are required to solve the problem of Al toxicity of acidic soils for sustainable forest production. In this study, E. urophylla was better adapted to Al stress than E. grandis or E. tereticornis; its high Al resistance was attributed to greater antioxidant enzyme activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant content, and a lower degree of membrane lipid peroxidation than E. grandis or E. tereticornis. The differences in adaptability among the three pure species were attributed to their distinct habitats. Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis inherited the outstanding adaptability to Al stress from its maternal species (E. urophylla), indicating that Al tolerance is highly heritable and can be selected in Eucalyptus breeding. Our results indicated that the response of Eucalyptus to Al stress may fluctuate according to the time under stress, and might be related to dynamic changes in ROS elimination and accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tiandao Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanwen Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Weichao Teng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Cornejo P, Sipahutar MK, Pugazhendhi A. Amelioration of aluminum phytotoxicity in Solanum lycopersicum by co-inoculation of plant growth promoting Kosakonia radicincitans strain CABV2 and Streptomyces corchorusii strain CASL5. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:154935. [PMID: 35395302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the main constraint for crop cultivation in acidic soils. In this study, Al-tolerant rhizobacteria Kosakonia radicincitans (CABV2) and actinobacteria Streptomyces corchorusii (CASL5) were isolated from Beta vulgaris rhizosphere in acidic soil. Both isolates displayed high tolerance to Al (10 mM), produce siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate and solubilize phosphate. Co-inoculation of CABV2 and CASL5 strains were significantly increased the root length (312.90%), shoot length (183.19%), fresh weight (224.82%), dry weight (309.25%) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a 279.69%, chlorophyll b 188.23% and carotenoids 158.20%) of Solanum lycopersicum plants under 300 mg Al kg-1 soil conditions as compared to uninoculated Al stressed plants. Similarly, the co-inoculation treated plants subjected to Al stress condition enhanced the uptake of essential nutrients (N 229%, P 252%, K 115%, Fe 185%, Mg 345% and Ca 202%) by plants as compared to Al stressed uninoculated plants. Under Al stress (300 mg Al kg-1 soil), co-inoculation significantly decreased malondialdehyde content (66%), and increased catalase (83%), superoxide dismutase (82%), peroxidase (89%) activities and root exudates (organic acids 6.44-12.36 fold) in S. lycopersicum as compared to uninoculated plants, indicating that the CABV2 and CASL5 strains were reduced Al-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, co-inoculation significantly reduced Al accumulation in the root (89%), stem (95%) and leaves (94%) of S. lycopersicum under Al stress at 300 mg Al kg-1 soil, compared to the uninoculated plants. This is the first report of K. radicincitans strain CABV2 and S. corchorusii strain CASL5 potentially reducing Al uptake in S. lycopersicum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Merry Krisdawati Sipahutar
- Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Study Program, Faculty of Vocation, Balikpapan University, East Kalimantan, 76114, Indonesia
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liang X, Ou Y, Zhao H, Qian R, Sun C, Lin X. Short-chain aldehydes increase aluminum retention and sensitivity by enhancing cell wall polysaccharide contents and pectin demethylation in wheat seedlings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128743. [PMID: 35366446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Upon environmental stimuli, aldehydes are generated downstream of reactive oxygen species and thereby contribute to severe cell damage. In this study, using two wheat genotypes differing in aluminum (Al) tolerance, we investigated the effects of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes on cell wall composition and subsequent Al-binding capacities. The spatial accumulation of Al along wheat roots was found to the generation of reactive aldehydes, which are highly localized to the apical regions of roots. Elimination of aldehydes by carnosine significantly reduced Al contents in root tips, with a concomitant alleviation of root growth inhibition. In contrast, root growth and Al accumulation were exacerbated by application of the short-chain aldehyde (E)-2-hexenal. We further confirmed that cell wall binding capacity, rather than malate efflux or pH alteration strategies, is associated with the aldehyde-induced accumulation of Al. Scavenging of lipid-derived aldehydes reduced Al accumulation in the pectin and hemicellulose 1 (HC1) fractions of root cell walls, whereas exposure to (E)-2-hexenal promoted a further accumulation of Al, particularly in the cell wall HC1 fraction of the Al-sensitive genotype. Different strategies were introduced by pectin and HC1 to accumulate Al in response to aldehydes in wheat roots. Accumulation in pectin is based on a reduction of methylation levels in response to elevated pectin methylesterase activity and gene expression, whereas that in HC1 is associated with an increase in polysaccharide contents. These findings indicate that aldehydes exacerbate Al phytotoxicity by enhancing Al retention in cell wall polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yiqun Ou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hongcheng Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ruyi Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu BS, Zhang J, Huang WL, Yang LT, Huang ZR, Guo J, Wu J, Chen LS. Molecular mechanisms for pH-mediated amelioration of aluminum-toxicity revealed by conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome in Citrus sinensis roots. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134335. [PMID: 35339530 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of pH-aluminum (Al) interactions on gene expression and/or metabolite profiles in plants. Eleven-week-old seedlings of Citrus sinensis were fertilized with nutrient solution at an Al level of 0 or 1 mM and a pH of 3.0 or 4.0 for 18 weeks. Increased pH mitigated Al-toxicity-induced accumulation of callose, an Al-sensitive marker. In this study, we identified more differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant metabolites in pH 4.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P4AR) vs pH 4.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P4R) than in pH 3.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P3AR) vs pH 3.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P3R), suggesting that increased pH enhanced root metabolic adaptations to Al-toxicity. Further analysis indicated that increased pH-mediated mitigation of root Al-toxicity might be related to several factors, including: enhanced capacity to maintain the homeostasis of phosphate and energy and the balance between generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species and aldehydes; and elevated accumulation of secondary metabolites such as polyphenol, proanthocyanidins and phenolamides and adaptations of cell wall and plasma membrane to Al-toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Sha Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei-Lin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jincheng Wu
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang D, Wu H, Cai H, Chen G. Silicon confers aluminium tolerance in rice via cell wall modification in the root transition zone. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1765-1778. [PMID: 35289406 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The root-apex transition zone (TZ), the major perception site for aluminium (Al) toxicity, is crucial for the Al-induced root-growth inhibition, while the mechanism underlying silicon-mediated alleviation of Al toxicity in the TZ is largely unknown. In this study, the role of silicon (Si) in alleviating Al-induced damage in the TZ and root-growth inhibition of rice was investigated. We found that Si had direct alleviative effect on Al toxicity as revealed by less root growth-inhibition, Al accumulation, and callose formation. Si reversed Al-induced decreases of the cell wall elongation and extensibility, and reduced Al-induced increments of cell wall polysaccharides in the TZ. The similar distribution patterns of Al and Si in the cell wall indicated that Si might detoxify Al by forming hydroxyaluminumsilicates in the apoplast of the root-apex TZ. Moreover, the wall-bound form of Si reduced Al binding sites, thereby reducing the capability of Al bound to the cell wall. These results suggest that Si-mediated cell wall modification in the TZ alleviates Al-induced root-growth inhibition in rice involving the promotion of cell wall extensibility and the decrease of Al accumulation in the cell wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Silicon- and Boron-Induced Physio-Biochemical Alteration and Organic Acid Regulation Mitigates Aluminum Phytotoxicity in Date Palm Seedlings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061063. [PMID: 35739959 PMCID: PMC9219922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to understand the synergistic impacts of silicon (Si; 1.0 mM) and boron (B; 10 µM) application on modulating physio-molecular responses of date palm to mitigate aluminum (Al3+; 2.0 mM) toxicity. Results revealed that compared to sole Si and B treatments, a combined application significantly improved plant growth, biomass, and photosynthetic pigments during Al toxicity. Interestingly, Si and B resulted in significantly higher exudation of organic acid (malic acids, citric acids, and acetic acid) in the plant’s rhizosphere. This is also correlated with the reduced accumulation and translocation of Al in roots (60%) and shoots (56%) in Si and B treatments during Al toxicity compared to in sole Al3+ treatment. The activation of organic acids by combined Si + B application has significantly regulated the ALMT1, ALMT2 and plasma membrane ATPase; PMMA1 and PMMA3 in roots and shoots. Further, the Si-related transporter Lsi2 gene was upregulated by Si + B application under Al toxicity. This was also validated by the higher uptake and translocation of Si in plants. Al-induced oxidative stress was significantly counteracted by exhibiting lower malondialdehyde and superoxide production in Si + B treatments. Experiencing less oxidative stress was evident from upregulation of CAT and Cyt-Cu/Zn SOD expression; hence, enzymatic activities such as polyphenol oxidase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were significantly activated. In the case of endogenous phytohormones, Si + B application demonstrated the downregulation of the abscisic acid (ABA; NCED1 and NCED6) and salicylic acid (SA; PYL4, PYR1) biosynthesis-related genes. Consequently, we also noticed a lower accumulation of ABA and rising SA levels under Al-stress. The current findings illustrate that the synergistic Si + B application could be an effective strategy for date palm growth and productivity against Al stress and could be further extended in field trails in Al-contaminated fields.
Collapse
|
16
|
Unniram Parambil AR, P K, Silswal A, Koner AL. Water-soluble optical sensors: keys to detect aluminium in biological environment. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13950-13970. [PMID: 35558844 PMCID: PMC9090444 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01222g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ion plays a critical role from enzyme catalysis to cellular health and functions. The concentration of metal ions in a living system is highly regulated. Among the biologically relevant metal ions, the role and toxicity of aluminium in specific biological functions have been getting significant attention in recent years. The interaction of aluminium and the living system is unavoidable due to its high earth crust abundance, and the long-term exposure to aluminium can be fatal for life. The adverse Al3+ toxicity effects in humans result in various diseases ranging from cancers to neurogenetic disorders. Several Al3+ ions sensors have been developed over the past decades using the optical responses of synthesized molecules. However, only limited numbers of water-soluble optical sensors have been reported so far. In this review, we have confined our discussion to water-soluble Al3+ ions detection using optical methods and their utility for live-cell imaging and real-life application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Roshan Unniram Parambil
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel 4058 Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland 4132 Muttenz Switzerland
| | - Kavyashree P
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Akshay Silswal
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Apurba Lal Koner
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nagayama T, Tatsumi A, Nakamura A, Yamaji N, Satoh S, Furukawa J, Iwai H. Effects of polygalacturonase overexpression on pectin distribution in the elongation zones of roots under aluminium stress. AOB PLANTS 2022; 14:plac003. [PMID: 35356145 PMCID: PMC8963292 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The roots of many plant species contain large amounts of pectin and it contributes to the formation of the rhizosphere. In the present study, the relationship between the root-tip pectin content and aluminium (Al) tolerance in wild-type (WT) and demethylesterified pectin degradation enzyme gene overexpressor (OsPG2-FOX) rice lines was compared. OsPG2-FOX rice showed reduced pectin content in roots, even under control conditions; Al treatment reduced root elongation and the pectin content in the root elongation zone. Wild-type rice showed more pectin accumulation in the root elongation zone after Al treatment. Relative to WT rice, OsPG2-FOX rice showed more Al accumulation in the root elongation zone. These results indicate that the amount of pectin influences Al tolerance and that the distribution of pectin in the root elongation zone inhibits Al accumulation in rice roots. Pectin accumulation in cell walls in the root elongation zone may play a role in protecting rice plants from the Al-induced inhibition of root elongation by regulating pectin distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Nagayama
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Akane Tatsumi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakamura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Chuo, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Shinobu Satoh
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Jun Furukawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- Corresponding authors’ e-mail addresses: iwai.hiroaki.gb.@u.tsukuba.ac.jp;
| | - Hiroaki Iwai
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- Corresponding authors’ e-mail addresses: iwai.hiroaki.gb.@u.tsukuba.ac.jp;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mei J, Zhou P, Zeng Y, Sun B, Chen L, Ye D, Zhang X. MAP3Kε1/2 Interact with MOB1A/1B and Play Important Roles in Control of Pollen Germination through Crosstalk with JA Signaling in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052683. [PMID: 35269823 PMCID: PMC8910673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Restriction of pollen germination before the pollen grain is pollinated to stigma is essential for successful fertilization in angiosperms. However, the mechanisms underlying the process remain poorly understood. Here, we report functional characterization of the MAPKKK kinases, MAP3Kε1 and MAP3Kε2, involve in control of pollen germination in Arabidopsis. The two genes were expressed in different tissues with higher expression levels in the tricellular pollen grains. The map3kε1 map3kε2 double mutation caused abnormal callose accumulation, increasing level of JA and precocious pollen germination, resulting in significantly reduced seed set. Furthermore, the map3kε1 map3kε2 double mutations obviously upregulated the expression levels of genes in JA biosynthesis and signaling. The MAP3Kε1/2 interacted with MOB1A/1B which shared homology with the core components of Hippo singling pathway in yeast. The Arabidopsis mob1a mob1b mutant also exhibited a similar phenotype of precocious pollen germination to that in map3kε1 map3kε2 mutants. Taken together, these results suggested that the MAP3Kεs interacted with MOB1s and played important role in restriction of the precocious pollen germination, possibly through crosstalk with JA signaling and influencing callose accumulation in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
| | - Pengmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuejuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
| | - Binyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
| | - Liqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
| | - De Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.M.); (P.Z.); (Y.Z.); (B.S.); (L.C.); (D.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-6273-4837
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Basit F, Liu J, An J, Chen M, He C, Zhu X, Li Z, Hu J, Guan Y. Seed priming with brassinosteroids alleviates aluminum toxicity in rice via improving antioxidant defense system and suppressing aluminum uptake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10183-10197. [PMID: 34515933 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are growth-promoting hormones that exhibit high biological activities across various plant species. BRs shield plants against various abiotic stresses. In the present study, the effect of BRs against aluminum (Al) toxicity was investigated through seed priming with 24-epibrassinolide (0.01 μM) in two different rice cultivars. BRs application was found effective in confronting plants from Al toxicity (400 μM). The rice seeds primed with BRs showed enhancement in seed germination energy, germination percentage, root and shoot length, as well as fresh and dry weight under Al-absence and Al-stressed conditions as compared to water-priming. Especially under Al stress, BRs priming promoted the growth of rice seedlings more obviously. Al toxicity significantly increased the Al contents in seedling root and shoot, as well as the MDA concentration, H2O2 production, and the activities of antioxidative enzymes including ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase. Meanwhile, the photosynthetic pigments of seedling reduced under Al stress. When compared to sensitive cultivar (CY-927), these modifications were more obvious in the tolerant variety (YLY-689). Surprisingly, BRs were able to alleviate the Al injury by lowering MDA and H2O2 level and increasing antioxidant activities and photosynthetic pigments under Al stress. The results on antioxidant activities were further validated by gene expression study of SOD-Cu-Zn, SOD-Fe2, CATa, CATb, APX02, and APX08. It suggested that BRs were responsible for the mitigation of Al stress in rice seedlings by inducing antioxidant activities with an effective response to other seed growth parameters and reduced Al uptake under induced metal stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farwa Basit
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu An
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Can He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Guan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
AbdElgawad H, de Soua A, Alotaibi MO, Mohammed AE, Schoenaers S, Selim S, Saleh AM. The differential tolerance of C3 and C4 cereals to aluminum toxicity is faded under future CO 2 climate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:249-258. [PMID: 34808467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial activities have led to a gradual and global increase in soil aluminum (Al) and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Al bioavailability strongly depends on the soil pH, which in turn is affected by atmospheric CO2 levels. In spite of the concurrent impact which Al and elevated CO2 (eCO2) could have on plants, their interaction and how it might affect the growth of economically important crop species has not been investigated. Here, we have investigated the combined impact of soil Al and eCO2 exposure on key C3 (wheat, oat) and C4 (maize, sorghum) crops, at the physiological and biochemical level. Compared to C3 plants, C4 plants accumulated less Al by stimulating soil Al retention through exudation of root organic acids. Consequently, Al-exposed C4 plants maintained photosynthetic performance and anti-oxidative capacity. Exposure to eCO2 reduced the stress responses of C3 and C4 crops to Al exposure. Elevated CO2 decreased Al accumulation and oxidative damage in all cereals, and ameliorated C3 plant growth. This was reflected on the biochemical level, where eCO2 inhibited ROS production and restored RuBisCo activity in C3 crops only. Overall, our data suggest that, compared to C3 crops, C4 cereals are more tolerant to soil Al exposure under current ambient CO2 (aCO2) levels whereas future eCO2 levels might stimulate Al tolerance in C3 crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Alexandra de Soua
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Modhi O Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sébastjen Schoenaers
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ranjan A, Sinha R, Sharma TR, Pattanayak A, Singh AK. Alleviating aluminum toxicity in plants: Implications of reactive oxygen species signaling and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1765-1784. [PMID: 33665830 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in acidic soil. At pH lower than 5.0 (pH < 5.0), the soluble and toxic form of Al (Al3+ ions) enters root cells and inhibits root growth and uptake of water and nutrients. The organic acids malate, citrate, and oxalate are secreted by the roots and chelate Al3+ to form a non-toxic Al-OA complex, which decreases the entry of Al3+ into the root cells. When Al3+ enters, it leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, which are toxic and cause damage to biomolecules like lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. When ROS levels rise beyond the threshold, plants activate an antioxidant defense system that comprises of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), ascorbic acid (ASA), phenolics and alkaloids etc., which protect plant cells from oxidative damage by scavenging and neutralizing ROS. Besides, ROS also play an important role in signal transduction and influence many molecular and cellular process like hormone signaling, gene expression, cell wall modification, cell cycle, programed cell death (PCD), and development. In the present review, the mechanisms of Al-induced ROS generation, ROS signaling, and crosstalk with other signaling pathways helping to combat Al toxicity have been summarized, which will help researchers to understand the intricacies of Al-induced plant response at cellular level and plan research for developing Al-toxicity tolerant crops for sustainable agriculture in acid soil-affected regions of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ranjan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | - Ragini Sinha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| | | | - Anil Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cultivar Differences in the Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Common Beans to Aluminum Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102097. [PMID: 34685906 PMCID: PMC8539156 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil conditions leading to high levels of available aluminum are detrimental to plant growth, but data are limited on genotypic differences in tolerance to aluminum stress in some crops. The aim of this study was to examine the morphological, biochemical, and physiological changes in roots and shoots of 25 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars (Pinto market class) under aluminum (Al) treatment. Additionally, this study aimed to assess the range of responses amongst the common bean cultivars relative to their Al toxicity tolerance and sensitivity. Plants were grown hydroponically using a simplified nutrient solution with or without 20 µM AlCl3. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, were measured to establish the effects of Al treatment on the plants. In addition, growth parameters such as shoot and root dry weight, root-to-shoot ratio, root elongation, and root volume changes were also investigated. The cultivar effect was significant for all the measured parameters, except for shoot dry weight. Inhibition of the root and shoot dry weight for selected common bean cultivars shows that the response of common bean to Al stress is genotype-specific. Additionally, Al-induced root elongation inhibition and root volume changes varied among the cultivars. Most cultivars had significantly higher SOD activity (20 of 25 cultivars) and POD activity (12 cultivars) under AlCl3 treatment compared to the controls. A positive significant correlation was observed between MDA and ROS, showing that Al stress induced the accumulation of ROS along with an increase in lipid peroxidation. According to the results of this study, Arapaho and AC Island cultivars could potentially be used in the future production of common beans under Al stress. Therefore, these two cultivars could also be included in Al tolerance breeding programs.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chandra J, Keshavkant S. Mechanisms underlying the phytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aluminum and their alleviation strategies: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130384. [PMID: 33819888 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is considered as a potential limiting factor for plant growth in acidic environment. At lower concentration, Al promotes plant growth by facilitating the phosphorous availability, while, at higher concentration, it causes rhizotoxicity by inhibiting the nutrient transportation system. Cellular membrane is identified as the first site of Al toxicity, which is consequent to Al-induced reactive oxygen species prompted lipid catabolism. Among all the soluble forms, the trivalent cationic form (Al3+) of Al is most toxic. Though, the ability to ascribe Al-tolerance is very complex, exclusion is an extensively established process contributing to Al3+ detoxification. Alteration in pH at root apex/rhizosphere, exudation of chelating agents, cell wall immobilization, and Al efflux have been recognized as probable methods for exclusion of Al, which is highly dependent on concentrations of organic acids, and plant species. Additionally, exogenous applications of boron, silicon, calcium, etc., in Al-stressed plant species can form a conjugate with it, thereby reducing its bioavailability/toxicity. Moreover, nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging tools in agricultural sector, which are found to be relatively more effective in mitigation of metal stress compared to their bulk materials. This review exhibits the fundamental approaches of Al phytotoxicity and endows with a comprehensive knowledge of the cellular and metabolic processes underlying toxic impacts along with ameliorative efficiencies of various potential agents including NPs. Additionally, it also elucidates the molecular mechanisms, future research prospects and challenges in effective alleviation mechanisms for enhancing plant Al-tolerance, to improve the growth and yields of susceptible-species on acidic soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jipsi Chandra
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010, India
| | - S Keshavkant
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492 010, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Singh CK, Singh D, Sharma S, Chandra S, Taunk J, Konjengbam NS, Singh D, Kumar A, Upadhyaya KC, Pal M. Morpho-physiological characterization coupled with expressional accord of exclusion mechanism in wild and cultivated lentil under aluminum stress. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:1029-1045. [PMID: 33598755 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum stress deteriorates lentil production under acidic soils. Enhanced insight into Al tolerance traits is needed to improve its productivity. Therefore, Al-resistant (L-4602, PAL-8) and Al-sensitive (BM-4, EC-223229) cultivars along with a resistant wild (ILWL-15) were characterized for morpho-physiological traits viz. seedling root architecture (SRA), Al accumulation, and localization via fluorescent and non-fluorescent staining under control and Al-treated conditions. Also, antioxidant activities and organic acid secretion were quantified, and expressions of 10 associated genes were analyzed. Roots of Al-resistant cultivars and wild genotype showed higher root growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, and organic acid secretion than Al-sensitive ones. Among these traits, higher organic acid secretion was influenced by enhanced expression of genes, especially-aluminum sensitive-3 (ALS 3), aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), citrate synthase (CS), and phospho enol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)-which helped in reducing Al and callose accumulation. These genes were located on lentil chromosomes via sequence alignment with lentil draft genome. A strong link between morpho-physiological variation and organic acid secretion was noted which reinforced the prominence of exclusion mechanism. It was complemented by enhanced antioxidant activities at seedling stage which mitigated Al stress effects on SRA. Wild outperformed over cultivars indicating its impregnable evolution which can be exploited to better understand tolerance mechanisms. Al-resistant cultivars had significantly higher seed yield than Al-sensitive and national checks on Al-toxic fields, confirming-tolerance is sustained till reproductive stage in lentil. This study elucidated role of gene families in eliminating Al toxicity that will assist breeders to formulate strategies for developing Al-resistant cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Shristi Sharma
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shivani Chandra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Taunk
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Noren Singh Konjengbam
- College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, (Central Agricultural University - Imphal), Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Deepti Singh
- Depatment of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- National Phytotron Facility, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - K C Upadhyaya
- INSA Senior Scientist, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen F, Wang C, Yue L, Zhu L, Tang J, Yu X, Cao X, Schröder P, Wang Z. Cell Walls Are Remodeled to Alleviate nY 2O 3 Cytotoxicity by Elaborate Regulation of de Novo Synthesis and Vesicular Transport. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13166-13177. [PMID: 34339172 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Yttrium oxide nanoparticles (nY2O3), one of the broadly used rare earth nanoparticles, can interact with plants and possibly cause plant health and environmental impacts, but the plant defense response particularly at the nanoparticle-cell interface is largely unknown. To elucidate this, Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) suspension-cultured cells were exposed to 50 mg L-1 nY2O3 (30 nm) for 12 h. Although 42.2% of the nY2O3 remained outside of protoplasts, nY2O3 could still traverse the cell wall and was partially deposited inside the vacuole. In addition to growth inhibition, morphological and compositional changes in cell walls occurred. Together with a locally thickened (7-13-fold) cell wall, increased content (up to 58%) of pectin and reduction in (up to 29%) hemicellulose were observed. Transcriptome analysis revealed that genes involved in cell wall metabolism and remodeling were highly regulated in response to nY2O3 stress. Expression of genes for pectin synthesis and degradation was up- and down-regulated by 31-78% and 13-42%, respectively, and genes for xyloglucan and pectin modifications were up- and down-regulated by 82% and 81-92%, respectively. Interestingly, vesicle trafficking seemed to be activated, enabling the repair and defense against nY2O3 disturbance. Our findings indicate that, although nY2O3 generated toxicity on BY-2 cells, it is very likely that during the recovery process cell wall remodeling was initiated to gain resistance to nY2O3 stress, demonstrating the plant's cellular regulatory machinery regarding repair and adaptation to nanoparticles like nY2O3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liqi Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Junfeng Tang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Peter Schröder
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Santos Wagner AL, Araniti F, Bruno L, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Abenavoli MR. The Steroid Saponin Protodioscin Modulates Arabidopsis thaliana Root Morphology Altering Auxin Homeostasis, Transport and Distribution. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10081600. [PMID: 34451648 PMCID: PMC8399103 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, synthetic herbicides are the main tools used for weed control, with consequent damage to both the environment and human health. In this respect, searching for new natural molecules and understanding their mode of action could represent an alternative strategy or support to traditional management methods for sustainable agriculture. Protodioscin is a natural molecule belonging to the class of steroid saponins, mainly produced by monocotyledons. In the present paper, protodioscin's phytotoxic potential was assessed to identify its target and the potential mode of action in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The results highlighted that the root system was the main target of protodioscin, which caused a high inhibitory effect on the primary root length (ED50 50 μM) with morphological alteration, accompanied by a significant increase in the lateral root number and root hair density. Through a pharmacological and microscopic approach, it was underlined that this saponin modified both auxin distribution and transport, causing an auxin accumulation in the region of root maturation and an alteration of proteins responsible for the auxin efflux (PIN2). In conclusion, the saponin protodioscin can modulate the root system of A. thaliana by interfering with the auxin transport (PAT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Santos Wagner
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020900, Brazil;
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA), University of Milan, Via Celoria, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Soil Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020900, Brazil;
| | - Maria Rosa Abenavoli
- Department of Agriculture, University of Reggio di Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ranjan A, Sinha R, Lal SK, Bishi SK, Singh AK. Phytohormone signalling and cross-talk to alleviate aluminium toxicity in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1331-1343. [PMID: 34086069 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is one of the most abundant metals in earth crust, which becomes toxic to the plants growing in acidic soil. Phytohormones like ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and gibberellic acid are known to play important role in regulating Al toxicity tolerance in plants. Exogenous applications of auxin, cytokinin and abscisic acid have shown significant effect on Al-induced root growth inhibition. Moreover, ethylene and cytokinin act synergistically with auxin in responding against Al toxicity. A number of studies showed that phytohormones play vital roles in controlling root responses to Al toxicity by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling, cell wall modifications, organic acid exudation from roots and expression of Al responsive genes and transcription factors. This review provides a summary of recent studies related to involvement of phytohormone signalling and cross-talk with other pathways in regulating response against Al toxicity in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Ranjan
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India.
| | - Ragini Sinha
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India
| | - Shambhu Krishan Lal
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bishi
- School of Genomics and Molecular Breeding, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- School of Genetic Engineering, ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, 834 003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Y, Ye H, Song L, Vuong TD, Song Q, Zhao L, Shannon JG, Li Y, Nguyen HT. Identification and characterization of novel QTL conferring internal detoxification of aluminium in soybean. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4993-5009. [PMID: 33893801 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity inhibits soybean root growth, leading to insufficient water and nutrient uptake. Two soybean lines ('Magellan' and PI 567731) were identified differing in Al tolerance, as determined by primary root length ratio, total root length ratio, and root tip number ratio under Al stress. Serious root necrosis was observed in PI 567731, but not in Magellan under Al stress. An F8 recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between Magellan and PI 567731 was used to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Al tolerance. Three QTL on chromosomes 3, 13, and 20, with tolerant alleles from Magellan, were identified. qAl_Gm13 and qAl_Gm20 explained large phenotypic variations (13-27%) and helped maintain root elongation and initiation under Al stress. In addition, qAl_Gm13 and qAl_Gm20 were confirmed in near-isogenic backgrounds and were identified to epistatically regulate Al tolerance via internal detoxification instead of Al3+ exclusion. Phylogenetic and pedigree analysis identified the tolerant alleles of both loci derived from the US ancestral line, A.K.[FC30761], originally from China. Our results provide novel genetic resources for breeding Al-tolerant soybean and suggest that internal detoxification contributes to soybean tolerance to excessive soil Al.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Heng Ye
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Li Song
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tri D Vuong
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Qijian Song
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Grover Shannon
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri-Fisher Delta Research Center, Portageville, MO, USA
| | - Yan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu Q, Zhang G, Chen Y, Yu J, Zhou Y, Shu Z, Ge L. Seed dressing with triflumezopyrim controls brown planthopper populations by inhibiting feeding behavior, fecundity and enhancing rice plant resistance. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:2870-2886. [PMID: 33554424 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triflumezopyrim (TFM), a novel mesoionic insecticide, has high efficiency at a low dosage, and is mainly used to control hopper species. A previous study demonstrated that seed dressing with TFM effectively controlled rice planthopper populations in mechanically transplanted rice fields; however, mode of action for control was unclear. RESULTS The study shows that seed dressing with TFM resulted in elevated levels of oxalic acid, flavonoids, phenolic substances, callose and other compounds associated with Nilaparvata lugens resistance in rice plants, and low TFM residue content in rice plant stem and grain. Host choice behavioral experiments showed that N. lugens females prefer feeding on untreated rice plants. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) data showed that seed dressing with TFM at medium and high doses significantly prolonged the non-probing period and inhibited phloem ingestion in N. lugens females. These changes led to a significant decrease in female secretion of honeydew, expression of genes encoding vitellogenin and juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase, body weight and longevity, and significantly influenced several physiological parameters resulting in impaired oocyte growth, fecundity and population. Field survey data showed that seed dressing with TFM was efficacious and relatively durable in protecting rice plants from infestation by planthoppers. CONCLUSION This study revealed that seed dressing with TFM enhances rice plant resistance to N. lugens by limiting phloem ingestion and increasing the N. lugens non-probing period; this leads to reduced fecundity of females and lowers N. lugens numbers in the field. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province, Jurong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Julong Yu
- Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province, Jurong, China
| | - Yongkai Zhou
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhaolin Shu
- Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province, Jurong, China
| | - Linquan Ge
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Szurman-Zubrzycka M, Chwiałkowska K, Niemira M, Kwaśniewski M, Nawrot M, Gajecka M, Larsen PB, Szarejko I. Aluminum or Low pH - Which Is the Bigger Enemy of Barley? Transcriptome Analysis of Barley Root Meristem Under Al and Low pH Stress. Front Genet 2021; 12:675260. [PMID: 34220949 PMCID: PMC8244595 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.675260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is considered to be the most harmful abiotic stress in acidic soils that today comprise more than 50% of the world’s arable lands. Barley belongs to a group of crops that are most sensitive to Al in low pH soils. We present the RNA-seq analysis of root meristems of barley seedlings grown in hydroponics at optimal pH (6.0), low pH (4.0), and low pH with Al (10 μM of bioavailable Al3+ ions). Two independent experiments were conducted: with short-term (24 h) and long-term (7 days) Al treatment. In the short-term experiment, more genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) between root meristems grown at pH = 6.0 and pH = 4.0, than between those grown at pH = 4.0 with and without Al treatment. The genes upregulated by low pH were associated mainly with response to oxidative stress, cell wall organization, and iron ion binding. Among genes upregulated by Al, overrepresented were those related to response to stress condition and calcium ion binding. In the long-term experiment, the number of DEGs between hydroponics at pH = 4.0 and 6.0 were lower than in the short-term experiment, which suggests that plants partially adapted to the low pH. Interestingly, 7 days Al treatment caused massive changes in the transcriptome profile. Over 4,000 genes were upregulated and almost 2,000 genes were downregulated by long-term Al stress. These DEGs were related to stress response, cell wall development and metal ion transport. Based on our results we can assume that both, Al3+ ions and low pH are harmful to barley plants. Additionally, we phenotyped the root system of barley seedlings grown in the same hydroponic conditions for 7 days at pH = 6.0, pH = 4.0, and pH = 4.0 with Al. The results correspond to transcriptomic data and show that low pH itself is a stress factor that causes a significant reduction of root growth and the addition of aluminum further increases this reduction. It should be noted that in acidic arable lands, plants are exposed simultaneously to both of these stresses. The presented transcriptome analysis may help to find potential targets for breeding barley plants that are more tolerant to such conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Chwiałkowska
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kwaśniewski
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Nawrot
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Gajecka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paul B Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chauhan DK, Yadav V, Vaculík M, Gassmann W, Pike S, Arif N, Singh VP, Deshmukh R, Sahi S, Tripathi DK. Aluminum toxicity and aluminum stress-induced physiological tolerance responses in higher plants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:715-730. [PMID: 33866893 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) precipitates in acidic soils having a pH < 5.5, in the form of conjugated organic and inorganic ions. Al-containing minerals solubilized in the soil solution cause several negative impacts in plants when taken up along with other nutrients. Moreover, a micromolar concentration of Al present in the soil is enough to induce several irreversible toxicity symptoms such as the rapid and transient over-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH), resulting in oxidative bursts. In addition, significant reductions in water and nutrient uptake occur which imposes severe stress in the plants. However, some plants have developed Al-tolerance by stimulating the secretion of organic acids like citrate, malate, and oxalate, from plant roots. Genes responsible for encoding such organic acids, play a critical role in Al tolerance. Several transporters involved in Al resistance mechanisms are members of the Aluminum-activated Malate Transporter (ALMT), Multidrug and Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE), ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC), Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp), and aquaporin gene families. Therefore, in the present review, the discussion of the global extension and probable cause of Al in the environment and mechanisms of Al toxicity in plants are followed by detailed emphasis on tolerance mechanisms. We have also identified and categorized the important transporters that secrete organic acids and outlined their role in Al stress tolerance mechanisms in crop plants. The information provided here will be helpful for efficient exploration of the available knowledge to develop Al tolerant crop varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Walter Gassmann
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sharon Pike
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Namira Arif
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Shivendra Sahi
- University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (USP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kulkarni V, Sawbridge T, Kaur S, Hayden M, Slater AT, Norton SL. New sources of lentil germplasm for aluminium toxicity tolerance identified by high throughput hydroponic screening. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:563-576. [PMID: 33854284 PMCID: PMC7981344 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity in acid soils inhibits root elongation and development causing reduced water and nutrient uptake by the root system, which ultimately reduces the crop yield. This study established a high throughput hydroponics screening method and identified Al toxicity tolerant accessions from a set of putative acid tolerant lentil accessions. Four-day old lentil seedlings were screened at 5 µM Al (pH 4.5) for three days in hydroponics. Measured pre and post treatment root length was used to calculate the change in root length (ΔRL) and relative root growth (RRG%). A subset of 15 selected accessions were used for acid soil Al screening, and histochemical and biochemical analyses. Al treatment significantly reduced the ΔRL with an average of 32.3% reduction observed compared to the control. Approximately 1/4 of the focused identification of germplasm strategy accessions showed higher RRG% than the known tolerant line ILL6002 which has the RRG% of 37.9. Very tolerant accessions with RRG% of > 52% were observed in 5.4% of the total accessions. A selection index calculated based on all root traits in acid soil screening was highest in AGG70137 (636.7) whereas it was lowest in Precoz (76.3). All histochemical and biochemical analyses supported the hydroponic results as Northfield, AGG70137, AGG70561 and AGG70281 showed consistent good performance. The identified new sources of Al tolerant lentil germplasm can be used to breed new Al toxicity tolerant lentil varieties. The established high throughput hydroponic method can be routinely used for screening lentil breeding populations for Al toxicity tolerance. Future recommendations could include evaluation of the yield potential of the selected subset of accessions under acid soil field conditions, and the screening of a wider range of landrace accessions originating from areas with Al toxic acid soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vani Kulkarni
- Australian Grains Genebank, Agriculture Victoria, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, VIC 3400 Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Tim Sawbridge
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia
- AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Sukhjiwan Kaur
- AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Matthew Hayden
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia
- AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Anthony T. Slater
- AgriBio, Agriculture Victoria, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Sally L. Norton
- Australian Grains Genebank, Agriculture Victoria, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, VIC 3400 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang D, Hou J, Gao W, Tong X, Li M, Chu X, Chen G. Exogenous spermidine alleviates the adverse effects of aluminum toxicity on photosystem II through improved antioxidant system and endogenous polyamine contents. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111265. [PMID: 32920313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major yield-limiting factor for crops in acidic soils. In this work, we have investigated the potential role of spermidine (Spd) on Al toxicity in rice chloroplasts. Exogenous Spd markedly reduced Al concentration and elevated other nutrient elements such as Mn, Mg, Fe, K, Ca, and Mo in chloroplasts of Al-treated plants. Meanwhile, Spd further activated arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity of key enzyme in polyamine (PA) synthesis, and enhanced PA contents in chloroplasts. Spd application dramatically addressed Al-induced chlorophyll (Chl) losses, inhibited thylakoid membrane protein complexes degradation, especially photosystem II (PSII), and significantly depressed the accumulations of superoxide radical (O2·-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in chloroplasts. Spd addition activated antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased soluble sugar content in chloroplasts compared with Al treatment alone. Spd not only reversed the inhibition of photosynthesis-related gene transcript levels induced by Al toxicity, but diminished the increased expression of Chl catabolism-related genes. Furthermore, Chl fluorescence analysis showed that Spd protected PSII reaction centers and photosynthetic electron transport chain under Al stress, thus improving photosynthetic performance. These results suggest that PAs are involved in Al tolerance in rice chloroplasts and can effectively protect the integrity and function of photosynthetic apparatus, especially PSII, by mitigating oxidative damage induced by Al toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junjie Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xi Tong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arriola ÍA, Figueiredo MA, Boanares D, França MGC, Isaias RMDS. Apoplast-symplast compartmentalization and functional traits of iron and aluminum in promeristematic tissues of nematode induced galls on Miconia spp. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:360-368. [PMID: 32912482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nutritive tissues of galls induced by Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Nematoda) have promeristematic capacity, which may turn these galls into sinks of Al on their Melastomataceae Al-accumulating hosts. Such a sink of Al may affect gall growth and mineral nutrient intake. Based on the fact that galls are good models for plant developmental studies, we aimed to understand how Al-accumulating host plants in the Cerrado environment deal with Al toxicity in subcellular levels. Here, we used the ICP-OES method to check the variations on mineral nutrients, and the morin, hematoxylin, and Prussian blue stainings for Al and Fe histolocalization in galls induced on four Miconia species of the Brazilian Cerrado. We confirmed the new Al-accumulating feature for two Miconia species of the Cerrado environment. Furthermore, we found that Al accumulates in lesser concentrations in gall tissues than in non-galled tissues of the Miconia hosts. Staining methods indicated that the polyphenols avoid Al-binding to the apoplast and the nucleolus of the promeristematic cells, and mediated its binding to parenchyma cell walls. As well, we inferred that Fe3+ is transported by xylem and stored in gall parenchyma, where it is reduced to Fe2+, being available in gall nutritive cells. Our results demonstrated an Al compartmentalization between the apoplast and symplast of the inner cell layers in galls, as well as indicated the phenolics action against Al-toxicity and toward Fe availability for the diet of Ditylenchus gallaeformans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ígor Abba Arriola
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maurílio Assis Figueiredo
- Department of Geology, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro Do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniela Boanares
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcel Giovanni Costa França
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rosy Mary Dos Santos Isaias
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Saldanha LL, Allard PM, Afzan A, de Melo FPDSR, Marcourt L, Queiroz EF, Vilegas W, Furlan CM, Dokkedal AL, Wolfender JL. Metabolomics of Myrcia bella Populations in Brazilian Savanna Reveals Strong Influence of Environmental Factors on Its Specialized Metabolism. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122954. [PMID: 32604974 PMCID: PMC7356273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions influence specialized plant metabolism. However, many studies aiming to understand these modulations have been conducted with model plants and/or under controlled conditions, thus not reflecting the complex interaction between plants and environment. To fully grasp these interactions, we investigated the specialized metabolism and genetic diversity of a native plant in its natural environment. We chose Myrcia bella due to its medicinal interest and occurrence in Brazilian savanna regions with diverse climate and soil conditions. An LC-HRMS-based metabolomics approach was applied to analyze 271 samples harvested across seven regions during the dry and rainy season. Genetic diversity was assessed in a subset of 40 samples using amplified fragment length polymorphism. Meteorological factors including rainfall, temperature, radiation, humidity, and soil nutrient and mineral composition were recorded in each region and correlated with chemical variation through multivariate analysis (MVDA). Marker compounds were selected using a statistically informed molecular network and annotated by dereplication against an in silico database of natural products. The integrated results evidenced different chemotypes, with variation in flavonoid and tannin content mainly linked to soil conditions. Different levels of genetic diversity and distance of populations were found to be correlated with the identified chemotypes. These observations and the proposed analytical workflow contribute to the global understanding of the impact of abiotic factors and genotype on the accumulation of given metabolites and, therefore, could be valuable to guide further medicinal exploration of native species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Leonardo Saldanha
- Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; (F.P.d.S.R.d.M.); (A.L.D.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.S.); (J.-L.W.); Tel.: +55-19-3526-4194 (L.L.S.); +41-22-379-3385 (J.-L.W.)
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
| | - Adlin Afzan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
| | | | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), CEP 11330-900, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Cláudia Maria Furlan
- Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; (F.P.d.S.R.d.M.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (IPSWS), CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; (P.-M.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (E.F.Q.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.S.); (J.-L.W.); Tel.: +55-19-3526-4194 (L.L.S.); +41-22-379-3385 (J.-L.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hayes KL, Mui J, Song B, Sani ES, Eisenman SW, Sheffield JB, Kim B. Effects, uptake, and translocation of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in lettuce: A comparison study to phytotoxic aluminum ions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137393. [PMID: 32145490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) unavoidably causes the release of NPs into the environment, potentially having unforeseen consequences for biological processes. Due to the well-known issue of Al phytoxicity, plant interactions with Al2O3 NPs are cause for concern, but these interactions remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of Al2O3 NPs on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to elucidate the similarities and differences in plant growth responses when compared to those of Al ions. Seed germination, root length, biomass production, and uptake of Al and nutrients were measured from hydroponically-grown lettuce with varying concentrations of Al2O3 NPs (0, 0.4, 1, and 2 mg/mL) or AlCl3 (0, 0.04, 0.4, and 1 mg/mL). The Al2O3 NPs treatments had a positive influence on root elongation, whereas AlCl3 significantly reduced emerging root lengths. While 0.4 mg/mL Al2O3 NPs promoted biomass, 1 and 2 mg/mL showed a 10.4% and 17.9% decrease in biomass, respectively, when compared to the control. Similarly, 0.4 and 1 mg/mL AlCl3 reduced biomass to 22.3% and 9.96%, respectively. Both treatments increased Al uptake by roots linearly; however, translocation of Al2O3 NPs into shoots was limited, whereas translocation of AlCl3 increased with increasing treatment concentration. Further, Al2O3 NPs adsorbed on the roots serve as adsorbents for macronutrients, promoting their absorption and uptake in plants, but not micronutrients. Calcium uptake was the most inhibited by AlCl3. A new in vivo imaging technique, with elemental analysis, confirmed that Al2O3 NPs were assimilated as particles, not ions, suggesting that the observed phytotoxicity is not due to Al ions being released from the NPs. Thus, it is concluded that Al2O3 NPs pose less phytoxicity than AlCl3, primarily due to NPs role on stimulated root growth, significant adsorption/aggregation on roots, limited lateral translocation to shoots, and increased uptake of macronutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Hayes
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Julie Mui
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Boyoung Song
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Ehsan Shirzaei Sani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 7514 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sasha W Eisenman
- Department of Architecture and Environmental Design, Temple University, 580 Meetinghouse Road, Ambler, PA 19002, USA
| | - Joel B Sheffield
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Bojeong Kim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen Y, Huang L, Liang X, Dai P, Zhang Y, Li B, Lin X, Sun C. Enhancement of polyphenolic metabolism as an adaptive response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) roots to aluminum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114230. [PMID: 32220755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols, pivotal secondary metabolites, are involved in plant adaption to abiotic stresses. Here, we investigated the role and metabolism profile of polyphenols under aluminum (Al) stress in different lettuce genotypes grown in 0.5 mM CaCl2 solution with AlCl3 (pH = 4.5). The complementary use of high-resolution mass spectrometry and quantitative biochemical approaches allowed the characterization of total and unique phenols, as well as their roles in Al tolerance. By comparing the most tolerant and sensitive genotype, 8 polyphenols, including 4 phenolic acids, 2 flavonoids, 1 xanthone and 1 unknown compound, were identified in the roots of the tolerant genotype. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents significantly increased in the tolerant genotype under Al stress. Seedlings with more phenolic accumulation usually performed greater Al tolerance. Meanwhile, principal enzymes related to phenolic biosynthesis significantly increased in roots of the tolerance genotype after Al treatment, with phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase increased by 16, 18 and 30%, respectively. The elevated total phenolics were significantly suppressed by AIP, a highly specific PAL inhibitor. Consequently, the antioxidant capacity was inhibited, leading to lettuce sensitivity to Al stress. These results clearly suggested the enhancement of unique polyphenolic biosynthesis as an adaptive strategy of lettuce to Al stress by protecting plants from oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peibin Dai
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yuxue Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Baohai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tolerance of Douglas Fir Somatic Plantlets to Aluminum Stress: Biological, Cytological, and Mineral Studies. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040536. [PMID: 32326164 PMCID: PMC7238193 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is well known as a potent inhibitor of plant growth and development. It is notably present in soils in the soluble and bioavailable form Al3+ when the soil pH drops below 5. This situation is frequent, especially in softwood forests when litter decomposition is slow. In the present work, we studied the effects of Al3+ on the growth and development of Douglas fir plantlets. Somatic plantlets, regenerated via somatic embryogenesis, were grown in vitro on media supplemented with different concentrations of aluminum chloride (AlCl3): 0 µM, 200 µM, 500 µM. and 1 mM. We show that a concentration of 500 µM AlCl3 in medium significantly reduced root elongation (−21.8%), as well as stem growth (−14.6%). Also, a 25% reduction in dry mass of the plantlets was observed in presence of a concentration of 200 µM of AlCl3. Histological analysis of root tissues revealed significant damage, especially in conducting vessels. In addition, mineral cation content of plantlets was disturbed under Al exposure. More particularly, the Mg and K contents of needles and the Ca content of stems and needles were significantly reduced in presence of a concentration of 500 µM AlCl3 in the culture medium (−35.6%, −33.5%, −24%, and −34% respectively). However, all these damages appeared at relatively high Al concentrations when compared with other herbaceous species. This study shed light on the ability of Douglas fir in vitro plantlets to cope with the acid-driven toxicity of Al.
Collapse
|
39
|
Leškov� A, Zvar�k M, Araya T, Giehl RFH. Nickel Toxicity Targets Cell Wall-Related Processes and PIN2-Mediated Auxin Transport to Inhibit Root Elongation and Gravitropic Responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:519-535. [PMID: 31750920 PMCID: PMC7065594 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils with heavy metals, such as nickel (Ni), is a major environmental concern due to increasing pollution from industrial activities, burning of fossil fuels, incorrect disposal of sewage sludge, excessive manure application and the use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture. Excess Ni induces leaf chlorosis and inhibits plant growth, but the mechanisms underlying growth inhibition remain largely unknown. A detailed analysis of root development in Arabidopsis thaliana in the presence of Ni revealed that this heavy metal induces gravitropic defects and locally inhibits root growth by suppressing cell elongation without significantly disrupting the integrity of the stem cell niche. The analysis of auxin-responsive reporters revealed that excess Ni inhibits shootward auxin distribution. Furthermore, we found that PIN2 is very sensitive to Ni, as the presence of this heavy metal rapidly reduced PIN2 levels in roots. A transcriptome analysis also showed that Ni affects the expression of many genes associated with plant cell walls and that Ni-induced transcriptional changes are largely independent of iron (Fe). In addition, we raised evidence that excess Ni increases the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and disturbs the integrity and orientation of microtubules. Together, our results highlight which processes are primarily targeted by Ni to alter root growth and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Leškov�
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, Gatersleben 06466, Germany
- Department of Plant Physiology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D�bravsk� Cesta 9, Bratislava 84523, Slovakia
| | - Milan Zvar�k
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of Comenius University, Mlynsk� Dolina F1, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia
| | - Takao Araya
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, Gatersleben 06466, Germany
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, Gatersleben 06466, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ameri M, Baron-Sola A, Khavari-Nejad RA, Soltani N, Najafi F, Bagheri A, Martinez F, Hernández LE. Aluminium triggers oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the microalgae Scenedesmus sp. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 246-247:153114. [PMID: 31958684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) water pollution is an increasing environmental problem and comprehensive analysis of toxic responses of aquatic primary producer organisms is imperative. We characterized the antioxidant response of Scenedesmus sp. microalga to Al-induced oxidative stress. After 72 h of exposure to Al (0, 10, and 100 μM) in a modified Bold Basal Medium (pH 5.0), we observed cell aggregation and alterations in the subcellular structure, strong lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress induction (detected with the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate) in parallel with Al accumulation in cells. At the same time, Al toxicity caused depletion of important macronutrients like Ca, which is important for cell-wall structure. Analysis of antioxidant enzymatic activities in Al-treated Scenedesmus cells revealed that catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, as well as different isoforms of superoxide dismutase were inhibited especially at the highest Al dose (100 μM), cells that accumulated the highest concentration of Al. On the other hand, glutathione reductase activity increased at that Al concentration. Immunodetection after Western-blotting confirmed that only ascorbate peroxidase inhibition was apparently due to a decrease in enzyme levels. However, the inhibition of catalase and activation of glutathione reductase activities seemed related with post-translational modifications in protein function as protein expression decreased or increased, respectively under Al stress. Our results may help to understand toxic mechanisms triggered by Al in freshwater microalgae, which in turn could aid to select suitable biomarkers of Al contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ameri
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Angel Baron-Sola
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramazan Ali Khavari-Nejad
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Soltani
- Department of Petroleum Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Science, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Najafi
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Bagheri
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran
| | - Flor Martinez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis E Hernández
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li W, Du J, Feng H, Wu Q, Xu G, Shabala S, Yu L. Function of NHX-type transporters in improving rice tolerance to aluminum stress and soil acidity. PLANTA 2020; 251:71. [PMID: 32108903 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we show that ectopic expression of either HtNHX1 or HtNHX2, from Helianthus tuberosus plant (located at vacuolar and endosome membranes, respectively), in rice plants could enhance its tolerance to aluminum (Al3+) stress and soil acidity. Plant sodium (potassium)/proton (Na+(K+)/H+ antiporters of the NHX family have been extensively characterized as they are related to the enhancement of salt tolerance. However, no previous study has reported NHX transporter functions in plant tolerance to Al3+ toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate their role as a component of the Al3+ stress tolerance mechanism. We show that the ectopic expression of either HtNHX1 or HtNHX2 , from Helianthus tuberosus plant, in rice (located at vacuole and endosome, respectively) could also enhance rice tolerance to Al3+ stress and soil acidity. Expression of either HtNHX1 or HtNHX2 reduced the inhibitory effect of Al3+ on the rice root elongation rate; both genes were reported to be equally effective in improvement of stress conditions. Expression of HtNHX1 enhanced Al3+-trigged-secretion of citrate acids, rhizosphere acidification, and also reduced K+ efflux from root tissues. In contrast, expression of HtNHX2 prevented Al3+-trigged-decrease of H+ influx into root tissues. Al3+-induced damage of the cell wall extensibility at the root tips was impaired by either HtNHX1 or HtNHX2. Co-expression of HtNHX1 and HtNHX2 further improved rice growth, particularly under the Al3+ stress conditions. The results demonstrate that HtNHX1 and HtNHX2 improved rice tolerance to Al3+ via different mechanisms by altering the K+ and H+ fluxes and the cell wall structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jia Du
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huimin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ogunsuyi OB, Oboh G, Özek G, Göger F. Solanum vegetable-based diets improve impairments in memory, redox imbalance, and altered critical enzyme activities in Drosophila melanogaster model of neurodegeneration. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13150. [PMID: 31950517 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of two Solanum vegetables, S. macrocarpon L. (African eggplant), and S. nigrum L. (black nightshade) on aluminum model of neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. Flies were treated with AlCl3 alone or in combination with the leaves from both samples in their diets for 7 days. Thereafter, locomotor performance and aversive phototaxic suppression test for learning and memory were carried out. This was followed by assay for reactive oxygen species, antioxidant properties, and enzyme (monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase) activities. Also, the in vitro antioxidant properties and chromatographic phenolic and alkaloid characterization of the samples were determined. Results showed that impaired behavioral physiology, antioxidant status, and enzyme activities observed in Al-treated flies were ameliorated in flies treated with both samples. In addition, both samples exhibited in vitro antioxidant effects. The protective effects from these samples against Al-induced toxicity can be associated with their antioxidant, antimonoaminergic, and anticholinergic properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In the quest for a holistic prevention/management approach to neurodegenerative diseases, functional foods are becoming prominent. The use of Drosophila melanogaster to study human diseases is gaining huge recognition due to the high homologue between disease-causing genes between the two organisms. Consequently, this study presents African eggplant and black nightshade leafy vegetables as sources of polyphenols and alkaloids which are able to ameliorate impaired learning and memory, redox status, and enzyme activities in Al-induced D. melanogaster model of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi B Ogunsuyi
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Gulmira Özek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Göger
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research Center (AUBIBAM), Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacy, Yunus Emre Vocational School, Eskişehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang S, Li H, Bhatti S, Zhou S, Yang Y, Fish T, Thannhauser TW. The Al-induced proteomes of epidermal and outer cortical cells in root apex of cherry tomato ‘LA 2710’. J Proteomics 2020; 211:103560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
44
|
Li Z, Wang P, Menzies NW, McKenna BA, Karunakaran C, Dynes JJ, Arthur Z, Liu N, Zuin L, Wang D, Kopittke PM. Examining a synchrotron-based approach for in situ analyses of Al speciation in plant roots. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:100-109. [PMID: 31868742 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519014395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) K- and L-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) has been used to examine Al speciation in minerals but it remains unclear whether it is suitable for in situ analyses of Al speciation within plants. The XANES analyses for nine standard compounds and root tissues from soybean (Glycine max), buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were conducted in situ. It was found that K-edge XANES is suitable for differentiating between tetrahedral coordination (peak of 1566 eV) and octahedral coordination (peak of 1568 to 1571 eV) Al, but not suitable for separating Al binding to some of the common physiologically relevant compounds in plant tissues. The Al L-edge XANES, which is more sensitive to changes in the chemical environment, was then examined. However, the poorer detection limit for analyses prevented differentiation of the Al forms in the plant tissues because of their comparatively low Al concentration. Where forms of Al differ markedly, K-edge analyses are likely to be of value for the examination of Al speciation in plant tissues. However, the apparent inability of Al K-edge XANES to differentiate between some of the physiologically relevant forms of Al may potentially limit its application within plant tissues, as does the poorer sensitivity at the L-edge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigen Li
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Neal W Menzies
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Brigid A McKenna
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chithra Karunakaran
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - James J Dynes
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Zachary Arthur
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Na Liu
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Lucia Zuin
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Dongniu Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhu CQ, Cao XC, Bai ZG, Zhu LF, Hu WJ, Hu AY, Abliz B, Zhong C, Liang QD, Huang J, Zhang JH, Jin QY. Putrescine alleviates aluminum toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa) by reducing cell wall Al contents in an ethylene-dependent manner. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:471-487. [PMID: 30851007 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al3+ ) toxicity in acidic soils limits crop productivity worldwide. In this study, we found that putrescine (PUT) significantly alleviates Al toxicity in rice roots. The addition of 0.1 mM PUT promoted root elongation and reduced the Al content in the root apices of Nipponbare (Nip) and Kasalath (Kas) rice under Al toxicity conditions. Exogenous treatment with PUT reduced the cell wall Al content by reducing polysaccharide (pectin and hemicellulose) levels and pectin methylesterase (PME) activity in roots and decreased the translocation of Al from the external environment to the cytoplasm by downregulating the expression of OsNRAT1, which responsible to encode an Al transporter protein Nrat1 (Nramp aluminum transporter 1). The addition of PUT under Al toxicity conditions significantly inhibited ethylene emissions and suppressed the expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis. Treatment with the ethylene precursor 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) significantly improved ethylene emission, inhibited root elongation, increased the Al accumulation in root tips and the root cell wall, and increased cell wall pectin and hemicellulose contents in both rice cultivars under Al toxicity conditions. The ethylene biosynthesis antagonist aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, inhibitor of the ACC synthase) had the opposite effect and reduced PME activity. Together, our results show that PUT decreases the cell wall Al contents by suppressing ethylene emissions and decreases the symplastic Al levels by downregulating OsNRAT1 in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiao Chuang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhi Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lian Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Wen Jun Hu
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - An Yong Hu
- School of Geographic Science, NanTong University, NanTong, 226019, China
| | - Buhailiqem Abliz
- Nuclear Technology Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Chu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Duo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jun Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qian Yu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang LT, Zhou YF, Wang YY, Wu YM, Qian B, Wang H, Chen LS. Phosphorus-mediated alleviation of aluminum toxicity revealed by the iTRAQ technique in Citrus grandis roots. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223516. [PMID: 31613915 PMCID: PMC6793874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus grandis seedlings were irrigated with nutrient solutions with four Al-P combinations [two Al levels (0 mM and 1.2 mM AlCl3·6H2O) × two P levels (0 μM and 200 μM KH2PO4)] for 18 weeks. Al dramatically inhibited the growth of C. grandis seedlings, as revealed by a decreased dry weight of roots and shoots. Elevating P level could ameliorate the Al-induced growth inhibition and organic acid (malate and citrate) secretion in C. grandis. Using a comparative proteomic approach revealed by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique, 318 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were successfully identified and quantified in this study. The possible mechanisms underlying P-induced alleviation of Al toxicity in C. grandis were proposed. Furthermore, some DAPs, such as GLN phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase 2, ATP-dependent caseinolytic (Clp) protease/crotonase family protein, methionine-S-oxide reductase B2, ABC transporter I family member 17 and pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase, were reported for the first time to respond to Al stress in Citrus plants. Our study provides some proteomic details about the alleviative effects of P on Al toxicity in C. grandis, however, the exact function of the DAPs identified herein in response to Al tolerance in plants must be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tong Yang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang-Fei Zhou
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yu Wang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wu
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bing Qian
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail: ;
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Demecsová L, Tamás L. Reactive oxygen species, auxin and nitric oxide in metal-stressed roots: toxicity or defence. Biometals 2019; 32:717-744. [PMID: 31541378 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The presented review is a summary on the current knowledge about metal induced stress response in plants, focusing on the roles of reactive oxygen species, auxin and nitric oxide in roots. The article focuses mainly on the difference between defence and toxicity symptoms of roots during metal-induced stress. Nowadays, pollution of soils by heavy metals is a rapidly growing issue, which affects agriculture and human health. In order to deal with these problems, we must first understand the basic mechanisms and responses to environmental conditions in plants growing under such conditions. Studies so far show somewhat conflicting data, interpreting the same stress responses as both symptoms of defence and toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to give a report about current knowledge of heavy metal-induced stress research, and also to differentiate between toxicity and defence, and outline the challenges of research, focusing on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, auxin, and the interplay among them. There are still remaining questions on how reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as auxin, can activate either symptoms of toxicity or defence, and adaptation responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loriana Demecsová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Feigl G, Molnár Á, Szőllősi R, Ördög A, Törőcsik K, Oláh D, Bodor A, Perei K, Kolbert Z. Zinc-induced root architectural changes of rhizotron-grown B. napus correlate with a differential nitro-oxidative response. Nitric Oxide 2019; 90:55-65. [PMID: 31271864 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Roots have a noteworthy plasticity: due to different stress conditions their architecture can change to favour seedling vigour and yield stability. The development of the root system is regulated by a complex and diverse signalling network, which besides hormonal factors, includes reactive oxygen (ROS) - and nitrogen species (RNS). The delicate balance of the endogenous signal system can be affected by various environmental stimuli, such as the excess of essential heavy metals, like zinc (Zn). Zn at low concentration, is able to induce the morphological and physiological adaptation of the root system, but in excess it exerts toxic effects on plants. In this study the effect of a low, growth-inducing, and a high, growth inhibiting Zn concentrations on the early development of Brassica napus (L.) root architecture and the underlying nitro-oxidative mechanisms were studied in a soil-filled rhizotron system. The growth-inhibiting Zn treatment resulted in elevated protein tyrosine nitration due to the imbalance in ROS and RNS homeostasis, however its pattern was not changed compared to the control. This nitro-oxidative stress was accompanied by serious changes in the cell wall composition and decrease in the cell proliferation and viability, due to the high Zn uptake and disturbed microelement homeostasis in the root tips. During the positive root growth response, a tyrosine nitration-pattern reorganisation was observed; there were no substantial changes in ROS and RNS balance and the viability and proliferation of the root tips' meristematic zone decreased to a lesser extent, as a result of a lower Zn uptake. The obtained results suggest that Zn in different amounts triggers different root growth responses accompanied by distinct changes in the pattern and strength of tyrosine nitration, proposing that nitrosative processes have an important role in the stress-induced root growth responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Réka Szőllősi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Attila Ördög
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Kitti Törőcsik
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Oláh
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Attila Bodor
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary; Institute of Environmental and Technological Sciences, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Perei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary; Institute of Environmental and Technological Sciences, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, H6726, Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Evaluation of the effects of humic acids on maize root architecture by label-free proteomics analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12019. [PMID: 31427667 PMCID: PMC6700139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Humic substances have been widely used as plant growth promoters to improve the yield of agricultural crops. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Root soluble protein profiles in plants 11 days after planting and cultivated with and without humic acids (HA, 50 mg CL-1), were analyzed using the label-free quantitative proteomic approach. Cultivation of maize with HA resulted in higher fresh weight of roots than in untreated plants (control). Plants treated with HA showed increased number, diameter and length of roots. In the proteomics analysis, differences were detected in the following categories: energy metabolism, cytoskeleton, cellular transport, conformation and degradation of proteins, and DNA replication. Thirty-four proteins were significantly more abundant in the seedlings treated with HA, whereas only nine proteins were abundant in the control. The effects on root architecture, such as the induction of lateral roots and biomass increase were accompanied by changes in the energy metabolism-associated proteins. The results show that the main effect of HA is protective, mainly associated with increased expression of the 2-cys peroxidase, putative VHS/GAT, and glutathione proteins. Indeed, these proteins had the highest fold-difference. Overall, these results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HA-promoted plant growth.
Collapse
|
50
|
Jaskowiak J, Kwasniewska J, Milewska-Hendel A, Kurczynska EU, Szurman-Zubrzycka M, Szarejko I. Aluminum Alters the Histology and Pectin Cell Wall Composition of Barley Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123039. [PMID: 31234423 PMCID: PMC6628276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is one of the most important crust elements causing reduced plant production in acidic soils. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is considered to be one of the crops that is most sensitive to Al, and the root cell wall is the primary target of Al toxicity. In this study, we evaluate the possible involvement of specific pectic epitopes in the cells of barley roots in response to aluminum exposure. We targeted four different pectic epitopes recognized by LM5, LM6, LM19, and LM20 antibodies using an immunocytochemical approach. Since Al becomes available and toxic to plants in acidic soils, we performed our analyses on barley roots that had been grown in acidic conditions (pH 4.0) with and without Al and in control conditions (pH 6.0). Differences connected with the presence and distribution of the pectic epitopes between the control and Al-treated roots were observed. In the Al-treated roots, pectins with galactan sidechains were detected with a visually lower fluorescence intensity than in the control roots while pectins with arabinan sidechains were abundantly present. Furthermore, esterified homogalacturonans (HGs) were present with a visually higher fluorescence intensity compared to the control, while methyl-esterified HGs were present in a similar amount. Based on the presented results, it was concluded that methyl-esterified HG can be a marker for newly arising cell walls. Additionally, histological changes were detected in the roots grown under Al exposure. Among them, an increase in root diameter, shortening of root cap, and increase in the size of rhizodermal cells and divisions of exodermal and cortex cells were observed. The presented data extend upon the knowledge on the chemical composition of the cell wall of barley root cells under stress conditions. The response of cells to Al can be expressed by the specific distribution of pectins in the cell wall and, thus, enables the knowledge on Al toxicity to be extended by explaining the mechanism by which Al inhibits root elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jaskowiak
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Kwasniewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Anna Milewska-Hendel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Ewa Urszula Kurczynska
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|