1
|
Ober P, Poulain T, Meigen C, Spielau U, Sobek C, Kiess W, Igel U, Lipek T, Vogel M. Modifiable factors influencing attention performance in healthy children: insights from a comprehensive school nutrition study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1629. [PMID: 38898432 PMCID: PMC11186167 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is inconclusive evidence for the effects of various leisure activities on attention performance in children. The literature reports inconsistent associations between activities such as physical activities or media use. To date, no study has thoroughly examined the various factors influencing attentional performance in a larger cohort of healthy children. This study aims to close this research gap. METHODS From 2018 to 2019, the Leipzig School Nutrition Study collected data from 1215 children and their families. The children report their dietary behavior (using CoCu- Questionnaire), especially their participation in school lunch and their breakfast habits, through a paper questionnaire. Furthermore, attention performance was assessed using a validated test (FAIR-2) at school. Data on physical activity, media consumption, family eating habits and socio-economic status (SES) were collected from parents using questionnaires. Associations between attention and influencing factors were estimated using hierarchical linear regression. Analyses were adjusted for age, SES, and school type. RESULTS Attending upper secondary schools (ßadj= 23.6, p < 0.001) and having a higher SES (ß= 1.28, p < 0.001) was associated with higher attention performance. Children doing leisure-time sports (ßadj= 4.18, p = 0.046) or reading books for at least one hour/weekday showed better attention performance (ßadj= 3.8, p = 0.040). Attention performance was also better in children having no electronic devices in the bedroom (ßadj= 13.0, p = 0.005) and in children whose parents limited their children's Internet access (ßadj= 5.2, p = 0.012). We did not find any association between nutritional habits and attention performance. CONCLUSIONS We found that fostering modifiable habits such as reading and physical activity could enhance attention performance. These findings have substantial implications for the development of prevention and intervention programs that aim to improve attention in schoolchildren. It is important to note, however, that social status as a hardly modifiable factor also impacts attention performance. Therefore, interventions should address personal habits in a systemic approach considering the child's social status. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00017317, registration: 05-29-2019).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Ober
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB)Adiposity Diseases, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christof Meigen
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Spielau
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB)Adiposity Diseases, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Sobek
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Igel
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Applied Social Science, University of Applied Sciences Erfurt, 99085, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Lipek
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB)Adiposity Diseases, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Vogel
- LIFE Child - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Langfield T, Clarke K, Sadab AA, Jones A, Robinson E. Impact of dishware size on energy intake in adult females: A randomized control trial examining effects on within-meal and post-meal energy intake. Appetite 2024; 197:107296. [PMID: 38485059 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The influence dishware size has on meal energy intake is unclear and no study to date has examined the impact on total daily energy intake. In a pre-registered RCT we investigate the impact of breakfast dishware size on breakfast and post-breakfast energy intake, as well as daily energy intake and hunger/fullness. In a repeated-measures design, 50 females (aged 18-77 years) were randomised to receive smaller or larger breakfast dishware on two separate days. Energy intake was also measured during the rest of the day. The primary outcomes were breakfast and post-breakfast energy intake (kcal). Secondary outcomes were total daily energy intake (kcal), and hunger/fullness (rated from 0 to 100). We examined if results differed by socioeconomic position (SEP). Dishware did not affect energy intake at breakfast (smaller: M = 394.8 kcal; SD = 172.2 larger: M = 394.4 kcal; SD = 164.4; d = 0.003, p = 0.98), and there was no statistically significant evidence that dishware size affected energy intake after breakfast, though post-breakfast energy intake was somewhat higher after using larger breakfast dishware (smaller: M = 1974.6 kcal; SD = 475.2; larger: M = 2077.5 kcal; SD = 525.9; d = -0.27, p = 0.06). Total daily energy intake, hunger and fullness ratings did not significantly differ between dishware conditions. There was no evidence that SEP moderated the effect of dishware size on energy intake. Smaller vs. larger breakfast dishware size had no significant effect on breakfast or post-breakfast energy intake, hunger, fullness, or daily energy intake. Previous studies may have overestimated the promise of dishware size as an intervention for reducing energy intake. Alternative interventions targeting the food environment should now be prioritised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tess Langfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; School of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Katie Clarke
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ahmed A Sadab
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Jones
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eric Robinson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dakin M, Manneville F, Langlois J, Briançon S, Lecomte E, Spitz E, Legrand K, Böhme P, Guillemin F, Omorou A. Role of dietary intake and physical activity in reducing weight social inequalities among adolescents: an application of G-formula to PRALIMAP-INÈS trial. Br J Nutr 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38800976 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Interventions aiming to reduce social inequalities of weight status in adolescents usually focus on lifestyle behaviours, but their effectiveness is limited. This study analysed the effect of achieving levels of dietary intake (DI) and/or physical activity (PA) guidelines on reducing social inequalities in weight status among adolescents. We included adolescents from the PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique - INÉgalité de Santé (PRALIMAP-INÈS) trial with weight status data available at baseline and 1-year follow-up (n 1130). PA and DI were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a validated FFQ, respectively. We estimated the likelihood of a 1-year reduction in BMI z-score (BMIz) and population risk difference (PRD) under hypothetical DI and PA levels and socio-economic status using the parametric G-formula. When advantaged and less advantaged adolescents maintained their baseline DI and PA, we found social inequalities in weight status, with a PRD of a 1-year reduction in BMIz of -1·6 % (-3·0 %, -0·5 %). These inequalities were not observed when less advantaged adolescents increased their proportion of achieving DI guidelines by 30 % (PRD = 2·2 % (-0·5 %, 5·0 %)) unlike the same increase in PA (PRD = -3·9 % (-6·8 %, -1·3 %)). Finally, social inequalities of weight status were not observed when levels of achievement of both PA and DI guidelines increased by 30 % (PRD = 2·2 % (-0·5 %, 4·0 %)). Enhancing DI rather than PA could be effective in reducing social inequalities in weight status among adolescents. Future interventions aiming to reduce these inequalities should mostly target DI to be effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Dakin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Florian Manneville
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Johanne Langlois
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Institut scientifique et technique de la nutrition et de l'alimentation (Cnam-ISTNA), Nancy, France
| | - Serge Briançon
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Edith Lecomte
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Institut scientifique et technique de la nutrition et de l'alimentation (Cnam-ISTNA), Nancy, France
| | - Elisabeth Spitz
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
| | - Karine Legrand
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Philip Böhme
- Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Francis Guillemin
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Abdou Omorou
- Inserm, UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, Metz, France
- Inserm, CHRU Nancy, Université de Lorraine, CIC-Clinical Epidemiology, Nancy F-54000, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hollands GJ, South E, Shemilt I, Oliver S, Thomas J, Sowden AJ. Methods used to conceptualize dimensions of health equity impacts of public health interventions in systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 169:111312. [PMID: 38432524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aims were to, first, identify and summarize the use of methods, frameworks, and tools as a conceptual basis for investigating dimensions of equity impacts of public health interventions in systematic reviews including an equity focus. These include PROGRESS-Plus, which identifies key sociodemographic characteristics that determine health outcomes. Second, we aimed to document challenges and opportunities encountered in the application of such methods, as reported in systematic reviews. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a methodological study, comprising an overview of systematic reviews with a focus on, or that aimed to assess, the equity impacts of public health interventions. We used electronic searches of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Database of Promoting Health Effectiveness Reviews (DoPHER), and the Finding Accessible Inequalities Research in Public Health Database, supplemented with automated searches of the OpenAlex dataset. An active learning algorithm was used to prioritize title-abstract records for manual screening against eligibility criteria. We extracted and analyzed a core dataset from a purposively selected sample of reviews, to summarize key characteristics and approaches to conceptualizing investigations of equity. RESULTS We assessed 322 full-text reports for eligibility, from which we included 120 reports of systematic reviews. PROGRESS-Plus was the only formalized framework used to conceptualize dimensions of equity impacts. Most reviews were able to apply their intended methods to at least some degree. Where intended methods were unable to be applied fully, this was usually because primary research studies did not report the necessary information. A general rationale for focusing on equity impacts was often included, but few reviews explicitly justified their focus on (or exclusion of) specific dimensions. In addition to practical challenges such as data not being available, authors highlighted significant measurement and conceptual issues with applying these methods which may impair the ability to investigate and interpret differential impacts within and between studies. These issues included investigating constructs that lack standardized operationalization and measurement, and the complex nature of differential impacts, with dimensions that may interact with one another, as well as with particular temporal, personal, social or geographic contexts. CONCLUSION PROGRESS-Plus is the predominant framework used in systematic reviews to conceptualize differential impacts of public health interventions by dimensions of equity. It appears sufficiently broad to encompass dimensions of equity examined in most investigations of this kind. However, PROGRESS-Plus does not necessarily ensure or guide critical thinking about more complex pathways, including interactions between dimensions of equity, and with wider contextual factors, and important practical, measurement and conceptual challenges remain. The findings from investigations of equity impacts in systematic reviews could be made more useful through more explicitly rationalized and considered approaches to the design, conduct and reporting of both primary research and the reviews themselves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Hollands
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Emily South
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ian Shemilt
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sandy Oliver
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - James Thomas
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda J Sowden
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tetzlaff F, Sauerberg M, Grigoriev P, Tetzlaff J, Mühlichen M, Baumert J, Michalski N, Wengler A, Nowossadeck E, Hoebel J. Age-specific and cause-specific mortality contributions to the socioeconomic gap in life expectancy in Germany, 2003-21: an ecological study. Lancet Public Health 2024; 9:e295-e305. [PMID: 38702094 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00049-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier death among people in socioeconomically deprived circumstances has been found internationally and for various causes of death, resulting in a considerable life-expectancy gap between socioeconomic groups. We examined how age-specific and cause-specific mortality contributions to the socioeconomic gap in life expectancy have changed at the area level in Germany over time. METHODS In this ecological study, official German population and cause-of-death statistics provided by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany for the period Jan 1, 2003, to Dec 31, 2021, were linked to district-level data of the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation. Life-table and decomposition methods were applied to calculate life expectancy by area-level deprivation quintile and decompose the life-expectancy gap between the most and least deprived quintiles into age-specific and cause-specific mortality contributions. FINDINGS Over the study period, population numbers varied between 80 million and 83 million people per year, with the number of deaths ranging from 818 000 to 1 024 000, covering the entire German population. Between Jan 1, 2003, and Dec 31, 2019, the gap in life expectancy between the most and least deprived quintiles of districts increased by 0·7 years among females (from 1·1 to 1·8 years) and by 0·1 years among males (from 3·0 to 3·1 years). Thereafter, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the gap increased more rapidly to 2·2 years in females and 3·5 years in males in 2021. Between 2003 and 2021, the causes of death that contributed the most to the life-expectancy gap were cardiovascular diseases and cancer, with declining contributions of cardiovascular disease deaths among those aged 70 years and older and increasing contributions of cancer deaths among those aged 40-74 years over this period. COVID-19 mortality among individuals aged 45 years and older was the strongest contributor to the increase in life-expectancy gap after 2019. INTERPRETATION To reduce the socioeconomic gap in life expectancy, effective efforts are needed to prevent early deaths from cardiovascular disease and cancer in socioeconomically deprived populations, with cancer prevention and control becoming an increasingly important field of action in this respect. FUNDING German Cancer Aid and European Research Council.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Tetzlaff
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Markus Sauerberg
- Research Area of Ageing, Mortality and Population Dynamics, Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Pavel Grigoriev
- Research Area of Ageing, Mortality and Population Dynamics, Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Juliane Tetzlaff
- Medical Sociology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jens Baumert
- Division of Physical Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Michalski
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annelene Wengler
- Division of Health Reporting, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Nowossadeck
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hoebel
- Division of Social Determinants of Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vorage L, Vincze L, Tudehope L, Harris N. Effectiveness of Interventions Promoting Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Healthy Weight Status of Children in Family Child Care: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 56:242-255. [PMID: 38340129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review examines the effectiveness of interventions in family child care (FCC) on (1) children's dietary intake, physical activity levels and weight, and (2) FCC health-promoting environments, policies, and practices. Quasi-experimental studies measuring these outcomes were included. METHODS All available articles up to July 2023 were searched using MEDLINE, ERIC, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and A+ Education, and 15 interventions were included. Methodological quality was assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project Assessment tool. RESULTS Thirteen studies were weak, and 2 strong in quality. Four interventions included children's dietary intake as an outcome measure, 2 included physical activity, and 3 weight status. Twelve interventions assessed nutrition and 7 physical activity environmental outcomes. DISCUSSION Interventions in FCC improved children's dietary intake, but their impact on physical activity and weight status was inconclusive. Furthermore, positive impacts were observed in environmental outcomes related to nutrition, whereas research on physical activity environmental outcomes was limited. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Future research could replicate interventions to validate effectiveness and understand positive outcome mechanisms. Future interventions might use FCC stakeholders' input, incorporate innovative physical activity components, enhance FCC providers' position as role models, involve parents, and target those groups that are at a high risk of being obese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Vorage
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Lisa Vincze
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucy Tudehope
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Harvey-Sullivan A, Lynch H, Tolley A, Gitlin-Leigh G, Kuhn I, Ford JA. What impact do self-referral and direct access pathways for patients have on health inequalities? Health Policy 2024; 139:104951. [PMID: 38096622 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in self-referral and direct access as alternatives pathways to care to improve patient access to specialist services. The impact of these pathways on health inequalities is unknown. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the impact of self-referral and direct access pathways on inequalities in health care use. DESIGN Three databases (Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science) and grey literature were systematically searched for articles from January 2000 to February 2023, reporting on self-referral and direct access pathways to care. Title and abstracts were screened against eligibility criteria to identify studies that evaluated the impact on health inequalities. Data were extracted from eligible studies after full text review and a quality assessment was performed using the ROBINS-I tool. RESULTS The search strategy identified 2948 articles. Nineteen records were included, covering seven countries and six healthcare services. The impact of self-referral and direct access on inequalities was mixed, suggesting that the relationship is dependent on patient and system factors. Typically self-referral pathways and direct access pathways tend to widen health inequalities. White, younger, educated women from less deprived backgrounds are more likely to self-refer, exacerbating existing health inequalities. CONCLUSIONS Self-referral pathways risk widening health inequalities. Further research is required to understand the context-dependent mechanisms by which this can occur, explore ways to mitigate this and even narrow health inequalities, as well as understand the impact on the wider healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Harvey-Sullivan
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.
| | - Heidi Lynch
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Abraham Tolley
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Isla Kuhn
- University of Cambridge Medical Library, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John Alexander Ford
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Le Gal C, Lecorguillé M, Poncet L, Cissé AH, Gassama M, Simeon T, Lanoë JL, Melchior M, Bernard JY, Charles MA, Heude B, Lioret S. Social patterning of childhood overweight in the French national ELFE cohort. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21975. [PMID: 38081843 PMCID: PMC10713558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An inverse social gradient in early childhood overweight has been consistently described in high-income countries; however, less is known about the role of migration status. We studied the social patterning of overweight in preschool children according to the mother's socio-economic and migration background. For 9250 children of the French ELFE birth cohort with body mass index collected at age 3.5 years, we used nested logistic regression to investigate the association of overweight status in children with maternal educational level, occupation, household income and migration status. Overall, 8.3% (95%CI [7.7-9.0]) of children were classified as overweight. The odds of overweight was increased for children from immigrant mothers (OR 2.22 [95% CI 1.75-2.78]) and descendants of immigrant mothers (OR 1.35 [1.04-2.78]) versus non-immigrant mothers. The highest odds of overweight was also observed in children whose mothers had low education, were unemployed or students, or were from households in the lowest income quintile. Our findings confirm that socio-economic disadvantage and migration status are risk factors for childhood overweight. However, the social patterning of overweight did not apply uniformly to all variables. These new and comprehensive insights should inform future public health interventions aimed at tackling social inequalities in childhood overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Le Gal
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France.
| | - Marion Lecorguillé
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Lorraine Poncet
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Aminata Hallimat Cissé
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
- UMS INED-INSERM-EFS, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France.
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Descarpentrie A, Calas L, Cornet M, Heude B, Charles MA, Avraam D, Brescianini S, Cadman T, Elhakeem A, Fernández-Barrés S, Harris JR, Inskip H, Julvez J, Llop S, Margetaki K, Maritano S, Nader JLT, Roumeliotaki T, Salika T, Subiza-Pérez M, Vafeiadi M, Vrijheid M, Wright J, Yang T, Dargent-Molina P, Lioret S. Lifestyle patterns in European preschoolers: Associations with socio-demographic factors and body mass index. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13079. [PMID: 37795656 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy balance-related behaviours (EBRBs), that is, dietary intake, screen, outdoor play and sleep, tend to combine into 'lifestyle patterns', with potential synergistic influences on health. To date, studies addressing this theme mainly focused on school children and rarely accounted for sleep, with a cross-country perspective. OBJECTIVES We aimed at comparing lifestyle patterns among preschool-aged children across Europe, their associations with socio-demographic factors and their links with body mass index (BMI). METHODS Harmonized data on 2-5-year-olds participating in nine European birth cohorts from the EU Child Cohort Network were used (EBRBs, socio-demographics and anthropometrics). Principal component analysis and multivariable linear and logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS The most consistent pattern identified across cohorts was defined by at least three of the following EBRBs: discretionary consumption, high screen time, low outdoor play time and low sleep duration. Consistently, children from low-income households and born to mothers with low education level had higher scores on this pattern compared to their socioeconomically advantaged counterparts. Furthermore, it was associated with higher BMI z-scores in the Spanish and Italian cohorts (β = 0.06, 95% CI = [0.02; 0.10], both studies). CONCLUSION These findings may be valuable in informing early multi-behavioural interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities in health at a European scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Descarpentrie
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Lucinda Calas
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Maxime Cornet
- Télécom-Paris, Département SES, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Demetris Avraam
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sonia Brescianini
- Centre of Behavioral Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Tim Cadman
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ahmed Elhakeem
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Centre for Fertility and Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hazel Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- CIBER Epidemiologa y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Katerina Margetaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Silvia Maritano
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, Pavia PV, Italy
| | - Johanna Lucia Thorbjornsrud Nader
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Theodosia Salika
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Mikel Subiza-Pérez
- CIBER Epidemiologa y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologa y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Tiffany Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Patricia Dargent-Molina
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Michel Z, Krayl N, Götz K, Wienke A, Mikolajczyk R, Führer A. Increasing social disparities in obesity among 15 000 pre-schoolers in a German district from 2009 to 2019. Eur J Public Health 2023; 33:757-763. [PMID: 37322569 PMCID: PMC10567254 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although childhood obesity prevalence has stagnated in many high-income regions after decades of increase, it continues to be a major public health problem with adverse effects. The objective was to examine obesity trends as a function of parental social status to identify obesity disparities among children. METHODS Data from school entry examinations from 2009 to 2019 of 14 952 pre-schoolers in one German district were used. Logistic regression models (obesity/overweight as dependent variable) and a linear regression [BMI z-score (BMIz) as dependent variable] were performed adjusted for social status and sex to investigate time trends in overweight and obesity. RESULTS Overall, we found an increase of obesity over time [odds ratio (ORs): 1.03 per year, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06]. Children with low social status had an OR of 1.08 per year (95% CI: 1.03-1.13), while the trend was less expressed in children with high social status (OR: 1.03 per year, 95% CI: 0.98-1.08). The mean BMIz decreased per year (regression coefficient -0.005 per year, 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.0) when considering all children. This decrease was more pronounced in children with high social status (regression coefficient: -0.011 per year, 95% CI: -0.019 to -0.004), compared with a slight increase of 0.014 (95% CI: -0.003 to 0.03) per year among children with low social status. Also, children with low parental social status were heavier and smaller than their peers with high social status. CONCLUSIONS Although the mean BMIz decreased among pre-schoolers, obesity prevalence and status-related inequity in obesity prevalence increased from 2009 to 2019 in the region studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zora Michel
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nele Krayl
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Katja Götz
- Department of Public Health, Child and Youth Medical Service, Saalekreis, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Amand Führer
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical School of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 8, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wen LM, Xu H, Phongsavan P, Rissel C, Hayes A, Taki S, Buchanan L, Simone L, Moreton R, Baur LA. Twelve-month effectiveness of telephone and SMS support to mothers with children aged 2 years in reducing children's BMI: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:791-798. [PMID: 37087468 PMCID: PMC10121422 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few quality intervention studies have assessed whether a combined telephone and short message service (SMS) intervention to mothers is effective in reducing BMI and obesity risk behaviors of children at 3 years of age. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of telephone and SMS support in reducing children's body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk behaviors. SUBJECTS/METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 662 women of 2-year-old children (with the proportion of overweight and obesity being similar to the general population) was conducted in Sydney, Australia, March 2019-October 2020. The mothers in the intervention group received three telephone support sessions plus SMS messages and mailed-intervention-booklets over a 12 months period i.e., 24-26, 28-30, and 32-34 months of the child's age. Mothers in the control group received usual care and two mailed booklets on information not related to the intervention. The primary outcome was child's BMI at 3 years of age. Secondary outcomes were children's dietary and activity behaviors. All outcome measures were based on mothers' self-report using standardized tools due to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. RESULTS 537 (81%) mothers completed the post-intervention assessment at 3 years with only 470 (71%) children having weight and height measures. Multiple imputation analysis showed no statistically significant difference in mean BMI between the groups. Children in the intervention group were more likely not to eat in front of the TV [AOR 1.79 (95% CI 1.17-2.73), P = 0.008], more likely to meet the dietary recommendations [AOR 1.73 (95% CI 0.99-3.02), P = 0.054] and meet the activity recommendations [AOR 1.72 (95% CI 1.11-2.67), P = 0.015] than those in the control group respectively. Among those with an annual household income ( CONCLUSIONS A staged telephone and SMS support intervention to mothers with children aged 2 years was associated with improved dietary and activity behaviors. The intervention was also associated with reduced children's BMI at age 3 years only for those from lower income households. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered with the Australian Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12618001571268).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ming Wen
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research & Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH), Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Huilan Xu
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research & Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris Rissel
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Rural and Remote Health, South Australia and Northern Territory, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Alison Hayes
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Taki
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research & Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Limin Buchanan
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research & Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and Their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Simone
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research & Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renee Moreton
- Population Health, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vogel C, Dijkstra C, Huitink M, Dhuria P, Poelman MP, Mackenbach JD, Crozier S, Seidell J, Baird J, Ball K. Real-life experiments in supermarkets to encourage healthy dietary-related behaviours: opportunities, challenges and lessons learned. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:73. [PMID: 37340326 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supermarkets are the primary source of food for many people yet their full potential as a setting to encourage healthy dietary-related behaviours remains underutilised. Sharing the experiences from research groups who have worked with supermarket chains to evaluate strategies that promote healthy eating could improve the efficiency of building such relationships and enhance the design quality of future research studies. METHODS A collective case study approach was used to synthesise experiences of engaging and sustaining research collaborations with national supermarket chains to test the effectiveness of health-focused in-store interventions. The collective narrative covers studies conducted in three high-income countries: Australia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. RESULTS We have distilled our experiences and lessons learned into six recommendations for conducting high quality public health research with commercial supermarket chains. These include: (i) using personal contacts, knowledge of supermarket activities and engaging executive management to establish a partnership and allowing time to build trust; (ii) using scientifically robust study designs with appropriate sample size calculations; (iii) formalising data exchange arrangements and allocating adequate resource for data extraction and re-categorisation; (iv) assessing effects at individual/households level where possible; (v) designing a mixed-methods process evaluation to measure intervention fidelity, dose and unintended consequences; and (vi) ensuring scientific independence through formal contract agreements. CONCLUSIONS Our collective experiences of working in non-financial partnerships with national supermarket chains could be useful for other research groups looking to develop and implement supermarket studies in an efficient manner. Further evidence from real-life supermarket interventions is necessary to identify sustainable strategies that can improve population diet and maintain necessary commercial outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Vogel
- Centre for Food Policy, City, University of London, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Coosje Dijkstra
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
| | - Marlijn Huitink
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Preeti Dhuria
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Maartje P Poelman
- Chair group Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 8130, Wageningen, 6700 EW, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Crozier
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jacob Seidell
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Janis Baird
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Langfield T, Clarke K, Marty L, Jones A, Robinson E. Socioeconomic position and the influence of food portion size on daily energy intake in adult females: two randomized controlled trials. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:53. [PMID: 37101143 PMCID: PMC10134633 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing portion sizes of commercially available foods could be an effective public health strategy to reduce population energy intake, but recent research suggests that the effect portion size has on energy intake may differ based on socioeconomic position (SEP). OBJECTIVE We tested whether the effect of reducing food portion sizes on daily energy intake differed based on SEP. METHODS Participants were served either smaller or larger portions of food at lunch and evening meals (N = 50; Study 1) and breakfast, lunch and evening meals (N = 46; Study 2) in the laboratory on two separate days, in repeated-measures designs. The primary outcome was total daily energy intake (kcal). Participant recruitment was stratified by primary indicators of SEP; highest educational qualification (Study 1) and subjective social status (Study 2), and randomisation to the order portion sizes were served was stratified by SEP. Secondary indicators of SEP in both studies included household income, self-reported childhood financial hardship and a measure accounting for total years in education. RESULTS In both studies, smaller (vs larger) meal portions led to a reduction in daily energy intake (ps < .02). Smaller portions resulted in a reduction of 235 kcal per day (95% CI: 134, 336) in Study 1 and 143 kcal per day (95% CI: 24, 263) in Study 2. There was no evidence in either study that effects of portion size on energy intake differed by SEP. Results were consistent when examining effects on portion-manipulated meal (as opposed to daily) energy intake. CONCLUSIONS Reducing meal portion sizes could be an effective way to reduce overall daily energy intake and contrary to other suggestions it may be a socioeconomically equitable approach to improving diet. TRIAL REGISTRATION These trials were registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov as NCT05173376 and NCT05399836.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tess Langfield
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katie Clarke
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lucile Marty
- Centre Des Sciences Du Goût Et de L'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Andrew Jones
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eric Robinson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Homs C, Berruezo P, Arcarons A, Wärnberg J, Osés M, González-Gross M, Gusi N, Aznar S, Marín-Cascales E, González-Valeiro MÁ, Serra-Majem L, Terrados N, Tur JA, Segú M, Fitó M, Benavente-Marín JC, Labayen I, Zapico AG, Sánchez-Gómez J, Jiménez-Zazo F, Alcaraz PE, Sevilla-Sanchez M, Herrera-Ramos E, Pulgar-Muñoz S, Bouzas C, Milà R, Schröder H, Gómez SF. Independent and Joined Association between Socioeconomic Indicators and Pediatric Obesity in Spain: The PASOS Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081987. [PMID: 37111206 PMCID: PMC10143028 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a public health problem worldwide. An important determinant of child and adolescent obesity is socioeconomic status (SES). However, the magnitude of the impact of different SES indicators on pediatric obesity on the Spanish population scale is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the association between three SES indicators and obesity in a nationwide, representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents. A total of 2791 boys and girls aged 8 to 16 years old were included. Their weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. SES was assessed using two parent/legal guardian self-reported indicators (educational level -University/non-University- and labor market status -Employed/Unemployed-). As a third SES indicator, the annual mean income per person was obtained from the census section where the participating schools were located (≥12.731€/<12.731€). The prevalence of obesity, severe obesity, and abdominal obesity was 11.5%, 1.4%, and 22.3%, respectively. Logistic regression models showed an inverse association of both education and labor market status with obesity, severe obesity, and abdominal obesity (all p < 0.001). Income was also inversely associated with obesity (p < 0.01) and abdominal obesity (p < 0.001). Finally, the highest composite SES category (University/Employed/≥12.731€ n = 517) showed a robust and inverse association with obesity (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.16-0.48), severe obesity (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.05-0.81), and abdominal obesity (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.23-0.54) in comparison with the lowest composite SES category (Less than University/Unemployed/<12.731€; n = 164). No significant interaction between composite SES categories and age and gender was found. SES is strongly associated with pediatric obesity in Spain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Homs
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GroW), Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Berruezo
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Albert Arcarons
- Office of the High Commissioner against Child Poverty, 28079 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Sociology, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28012 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Maddi Osés
- IS-FOOD-Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Narcis Gusi
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Susana Aznar
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Marín-Cascales
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Strength & Conditioning Society, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Preventive Medicine Service, Canarian Health Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Nicolás Terrados
- Regional Unit of Sports Medicine-Municipal Sports Foundation of Avilés, 33402 Avilés, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marta Segú
- Barça Foundation, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Benavente-Marín
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IS-FOOD-Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Augusto G Zapico
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Language, Arts and Physical Education, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Gómez
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fabio Jiménez-Zazo
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Strength & Conditioning Society, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Sevilla-Sanchez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universida de da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Estefanía Herrera-Ramos
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Susana Pulgar-Muñoz
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Raimon Milà
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GroW), Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago F Gómez
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Myers-Ingram R, Sampford J, Milton-Cole R, Jones GD. Effectiveness of eHealth weight management interventions in overweight and obese adults from low socioeconomic groups: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:59. [PMID: 36998094 PMCID: PMC10061957 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased rates of overweight and obesity. Proponents of electronic health (eHealth) hypothesise that its inclusion in weight management interventions can improve efficacy by mitigating typical barriers associated with low SES. Objectives To establish the scope of eHealth weight management interventions for people with overweight and obesity from a low SES. Secondary objectives were to determine the efficacy of eHealth interventions in facilitating weight loss, physical activity and fitness improvements. Methods Four databases and grey literature were systematically searched to identify eligible studies published in English from inception to May 2021. Studies examining an eHealth intervention with low SES participants were included. Outcomes included temporal change in weight and BMI, anthropometry, physiological measures and physical activity levels. The number and heterogeneity of studies precluded any meta-analyses; thus, a narrative review was undertaken. Results Four experimental studies with low risk of bias were reviewed. There was variance in how SES was defined. Study aims and eHealth media also varied and included reducing/maintaining weight or increasing physical activity using interactive websites or voice responses, periodic communication and discourse via telephone, social media, text messaging or eNewsletters. Irrespectively, all studies reported short-term weight loss. eHealth interventions also increased short-term physical activity levels where it was assessed, but did not change anthropometry or physiological measures. None reported any effect on physical fitness. Conclusions This review revealed short-term effects of eHealth interventions on weight loss and increased physical activity levels for low SES participants. Evidence was limited to a small number of studies, with small to moderate sample sizes. Inter-study comparison is challenging because of considerable variability. Future work should prioritise how to utilise eHealth in the longer term either as a supportive public health measure or by determining its long-term efficacy in engendering volitional health behaviour changes. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42021243973 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13643-023-02207-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Myers-Ingram
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Physiotherapy, Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jade Sampford
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Physiotherapy, Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rhian Milton-Cole
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Physiotherapy, Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Population and Health Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gareth David Jones
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Physiotherapy, Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), King’s College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rod MH, Rod NH, Russo F, Klinker CD, Reis R, Stronks K. Promoting the health of vulnerable populations: Three steps towards a systems-based re-orientation of public health intervention research. Health Place 2023; 80:102984. [PMID: 36773380 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel framework for the development of interventions in vulnerable populations. The framework combines a complex systems lens with syndemic theory. Whereas funding bodies, research organizations and reporting guidelines tend to encourage intervention research that (i) focuses on singular and predefined health outcomes, (ii) searches for generalizable cause-effect relationships, and (iii) aims to identify universally effective interventions, the paper suggests that a different direction is needed for addressing health inequities: We need to (i) start with exploratory analysis of population-level data, and (ii) invest in contextualized in-depth knowledge of the complex dynamics that produce health inequities in specific populations and settings, while we (iii) work with stakeholders at multiple levels to create change within systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hulvej Rod
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Federica Russo
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Philosophy & ILLC, Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Demant Klinker
- Health Promotion Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ria Reis
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Toft U, Buch-Andersen T, Bloch P, Reinbach HC, Jensen BB, Mikkelsen BE, Aagaard-Hansen J, Glümer C. A Community-Based, Participatory, Multi-Component Intervention Increased Sales of Healthy Foods in Local Supermarkets-The Health and Local Community Project (SoL). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2478. [PMID: 36767845 PMCID: PMC9915330 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Project SoL was a 19-month (September 2012 to April 2014) community-based multi-component intervention based on the supersetting approach that was designed to promote healthier eating and physical activity among children and their families. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a multi-component intervention (level 1) and a mass media intervention alone (level 2) compared to a control area (level 3) on food sales. The design was quasi-experimental. Weekly sales data for all Coop supermarkets in the intervention and control areas were analysed via longitudinal linear mixed-effects analyses. Significant increases in the sales of fish (total) (29%; p = 0.003), canned fish (31%; p = 0.025) and oatmeal (31%; p = 0.003) were found for the level 1 intervention area compared to the control area. In the level 2 intervention area, significant increases in the sales of vegetables (total) (17%; p = 0.038), fresh vegetables (20%; p = 0.01), dried fruit (51%; p = 0.022), oatmeal (19%; p = 0.008) and wholegrain pasta (58%; p = 0.0007) were found compared to the control area. The sales of canned fish increased by 30% in the level 1 area compared to the level 2 area (p = 0.025). This study demonstrated significant increases in the sales of healthy foods, both in the areas with multi-component and mass media interventions alone compared to the control area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Toft
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine Buch-Andersen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Paul Bloch
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Helene Christine Reinbach
- Department of Food Science, Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Building 2-74, 5th Floor, Room C505, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Bruun Jensen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Bent Egberg Mikkelsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jens Aagaard-Hansen
- Health Promotion Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- SA MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Charlotte Glümer
- Center for Diabetes, Copenhagen Municipality, Vesterbrogade 121, 1620 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Killedar A, Lung T, Taylor RW, Taylor BJ, Hayes A. Is the cost-effectiveness of an early-childhood sleep intervention to prevent obesity affected by socioeconomic position? Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:192-202. [PMID: 36471911 PMCID: PMC10947595 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether the cost-effectiveness of an infant sleep intervention from the Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) trial was influenced by socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS An SEP-specific economic evaluation of the sleep intervention was conducted. SEP-specific intervention costs and effects at age 5 years, derived from the trial data, were applied to a representative cohort of 4,898 4- to 5-year-old Australian children. Quality-adjusted life years and health care costs were simulated until age 17 years using a purpose-built SEP-specific model. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and acceptability curves were derived for each SEP group. RESULTS The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, in Australian dollars per quality-adjusted life year gained, were smaller in the low- ($23,010) and mid-SEP ($18,206) groups compared with the high-SEP group ($31,981). The probability that the intervention was cost-effective was very high in the low- and mid-SEP groups (92%-100%) and moderately high in the high-SEP group (79%). CONCLUSIONS An infant sleep intervention is more cost-effective in low- and mid-SEP groups compared with high-SEP groups. Targeting this intervention to low-SEP groups would not require trade-offs between efficiency and equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anagha Killedar
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Thomas Lung
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- The George Institute for Global HealthUniversity of New South WalesKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Barry J. Taylor
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Alison Hayes
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lioret S, Harrar F, Boccia D, Hesketh KD, Kuswara K, Van Baaren C, Maritano S, Charles MA, Heude B, Laws R. The effectiveness of interventions during the first 1,000 days to improve energy balance-related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from socio-economically disadvantaged families of high-income countries: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13524. [PMID: 36394375 PMCID: PMC10078443 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This narrative systematic review examined effectiveness of interventions during pregnancy and up to 2 years of age in improving energy balance-related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from families experiencing socio-economic disadvantage. We identified 24 interventions, from 33 articles, since 1990. Overall, despite their heterogeneity and variability in internal and external validity, there was some evidence of beneficial impact of interventions on obesity risk (4/15), and associated behaviors, e.g.: breastfeeding (9/18), responsive feeding (11/16), diet (7/8), sedentary (1/3) and movement (4/7) behaviors, and sleep (1/2). The most effective interventions aimed at promoting breastfeeding commenced antenatally; this was similar for the prevention of obesity, provided the intervention continued for at least 2 years postnatally and was multi-behavioral. Effective interventions were more likely to target first-time mothers and involve professional delivery agents, multidisciplinary teams and peer groups. Among ethnic/racial minorities, interventions delivered by lay agents had some impact on dietary behavior but not weight outcomes. Co-creation with stakeholders, including parents, and adherence to theoretical frameworks were additional ingredients for more pragmatic, inclusive, non-judgmental, and effective programs. The growing body of evidence on obesity prevention interventions targeting families experiencing socio-economic disadvantage is promising for reducing early inequalities in obesity risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Faryal Harrar
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CRESS, Paris, France
| | - Delia Boccia
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kylie D Hesketh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Konsita Kuswara
- Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Maritano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CRESS, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hennessy E, Shonkoff E, Harelick L, Bakun P, Chui K, Roberts S, Folta S, Goldberg J, Economos CD. The impact of a community social marketing campaign on children's meal orders and consumption: main outcomes from a group randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:256-261. [PMID: 35938500 PMCID: PMC11077458 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002200163x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Restaurants may be important settings for interventions to reduce children's energy intake. The objective of this study was to test the impact of a parent-focused social marketing campaign to promote healthy children's meals on calories ordered and consumed by children at quick-service restaurants (QSR). DESIGN Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, two urban communities were randomised to intervention (IN) v. control (C) condition. A community-wide social marketing campaign was implemented in the IN community to empower Black and Latinx mothers who frequent QSR (priority population) to select healthier options for their child. SETTING Data were collected in 2016 at QSR located within the communities pre- and post-IN and analysed in 2017. PARTICIPANTS Parents (n 1686; n 819 and n 867 for I and C conditions, respectively) were recruited after placing their QSR order; a survey, receipt and their child's leftovers were collected. RESULTS Calories ordered did not differ significantly between the IN and C conditions (changeadj = -146·4 kJ (-35·0 kcal); 95 % CI -428·0 kJ (-102·3 kcal), 134·6 kJ (32·2 kcal)). In a sub-analysis of only the priority audience, children in the IN community ordered significantly fewer calories compared to C children in unadjusted models (changeunadj = -510·4 kJ (-122·0 kcal); 95 % CI -1013·4 kJ (-242·2 kcal), -7·5 kJ (-1·8 kcal)), but the trend did not persist after adjusting for covariates (changeadj = -437·2 kJ (-104·5 kcal); 95 % CI -925·5 kJ (-221·2 kcal), 50·6 kJ (12·1 kcal)). Calories consumed followed similar trends. CONCLUSION The campaign did not significantly reduce children's QSR calories ordered or consumed. However, a quantitatively important mean reduction in calories was suggested among the priority audience, indicating potential for community-wide promotion of healthful children's meals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hennessy
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Bakun
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
| | - Kenneth Chui
- Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Roberts
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Sara Folta
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
| | - Jeanne Goldberg
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
| | - Christina D Economos
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vos M, Deforche B, Van Kerckhove A, Michels N, Geuens M, Van Lippevelde W. Intervention strategies to promote healthy and sustainable food choices among parents with lower and higher socioeconomic status. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2378. [PMID: 36536355 PMCID: PMC9761028 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A global shift towards more healthy and sustainable diets is necessary for the prevention of obesity and chronic diseases, as well as for the growing pressure on our ecosystems. Given that parents are important actors in affecting dietary behaviors of their children, developing intervention strategies targeting families and their practices is promising to reach positive behavior change among children. Also, it is important to tailor these interventions to the needs of parents with different socioeconomic statuses (SES), given that health inequalities continue to grow. This study aims to investigate perspectives of lower and higher SES parents on the usability and acceptability of various innovative intervention strategies. METHODS Fourteen focus groups and four individual interviews (n = 78, nlowerSES = 17; nhigherSES = 61) were conducted in Belgium. A semi-structured interview guide was used to facilitate the discussions. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via thematic content analysis using NVivo. RESULTS To encourage healthy and sustainable food choices, interventions via online food shopping platforms and nudging strategies in grocery stores were mostly cited by higher SES parents, but these were less applicable for lower SES parents as they buy less online and mainly consider the price of products. Mobile applications that provide inspiration for healthy and sustainable recipes and easily accessible shopping lists received moderate support among lower and higher SES parents. Furthermore, both lower and higher SES parents showed interest in meal boxes delivered at home, but lower SES parents have not yet tried such meal boxes because of their higher prices. Still, both groups of SES parents mentioned many advantages of these meal boxes, such as the convenience and time-saving component, as well as the cooking inspiration aspect. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the preferences of lower and higher SES parents for practical intervention strategies, providing insight in what features these strategies should have to be acceptable and useful. Hence, the findings can inform the development of a tailored family-based intervention strategy to improve parental food choices in favor of increased health and sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolijn Vos
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Movement and Nutrition for Health and Performance Research Group, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Van Kerckhove
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Michels
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maggie Geuens
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hoebel J, Waldhauer J, Blume M, Schienkiewitz A. Socioeconomic Status, Overweight, and Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 119:839-845. [PMID: 36345700 PMCID: PMC9981977 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity in early life increase the risk of chronic disease and ill health later on. We studied secular trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among young people in Germany, with consideration of socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS We used repeated cross-sectional data from 3- to 17-year-olds from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). Overweight and obesity were defined according to the body mass index, based on measured height and weight from the KiGGS baseline survey (2003-2006) and the KiGGS second wave (2014-2017). SES was assessed with a composite index of parental education, occupation, and income. RESULTS In both study periods, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest among girls and boys from families of low SES. In the group with lowest SES, the prevalence of overweight rose from 20.0% in 2003-2006 (95% CI [18.0; 22.1]) to 25.5% [20.5; 31.2] in 2014-2017 (p = 0.043). Thus, social differences in the prevalence of overweight increased over time. No such trend was found for the prevalence of obesity. CONCLUSION Social differences in the prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents increased from the early 2000s to the mid-2010s. Structural measures are needed to help prevent overweight among young people in socially disadvantaged circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hoebel
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring of the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin,*Fachgebiet Soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring Robert Koch-Institut General-Pape-Str. 62–66, 12101 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Waldhauer
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring of the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Miriam Blume
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring of the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| | - Anja Schienkiewitz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring of the Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Peña-Y-Lillo M, Guzmán P. Can High Exposure Help to Close Gaps? The Influence of COVID-19 Preventive Messages on Behavioral Intentions by Educational Attainment in Chile. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:1544-1551. [PMID: 35791928 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2091910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The literature in the field of health communication has shown the existence of gaps between groups of different socioeconomic levels both in exposure to health campaign messages and in the influence these messages exert on individuals' health decisions. In this article, we examine the association between educational attainment and exposure to messages promoting COVID-19 preventive behaviors, namely, physical distancing, handwashing, and masks wearing in Chile. In addition, we model the association between exposure to these messages and the intentions to carry out the behaviors, as well as the differences attributable to educational attainment in the influence of exposure. A cross-sectional population survey combining online and telephone techniques was conducted among 3,592 adults in Chile. Regression analysis revealed that lower educational level and frequency of television use were positively associated with greater exposure to preventive messages. Exposure to preventive messages, in turn, was positively associated with intentions to maintain the three behaviors examined. Individuals in the lower educational attainment group had lower intentions to engage in two of the three behaviors, but those in these segments who were more exposed to preventive messages were as likely as their more educated counterparts to intend wearing masks and adhering to physical distance. The findings of this study underscore the importance of reaching the least educated segments with campaign messages in the context of public health crisis, since these messages can close gaps between the more and less educated group in their intentions to engage in preventive behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Guzmán
- School of Advertising, Universidad Diego Portales
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Grigsby-Duffy L, Brooks R, Boelsen-Robinson T, Blake MR, Backholer K, Palermo C, Peeters A. The impact of primary school nutrition policy on the school food environment: a systematic review. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6722685. [PMID: 36166267 PMCID: PMC9514228 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
School nutrition policies that aim to address unhealthy diets have been introduced in many countries. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the international literature to determine the impact (overall and by socioeconomic position [SEP]) of primary school nutrition policies on the availability of foods and beverages in schools. Seven databases were searched using keywords and medical subject headings related to nutrition policies and schools. Studies that reported on the impact of implemented school nutrition policies on food and beverage availability within primary schools were included. Eighteen studies (reported across 20 papers) were included. Fifteen of the included studies reported some positive impacts of policies, including increased availability of healthier foods and decreased availability of less healthy foods. Five studies focused specifically on schools in low-income communities and a further three specifically compared schools by SEP, with mixed findings. Two studies reported on factors influencing policy implementation, reporting a lack of financial resources as a barrier to schools offering a wider selection of healthy foods and additional school resources as increasing the likelihood of offering healthy foods. School nutrition policies appear to be effective at improving the healthiness of foods and beverages available at schools. Furthermore, the results suggest that well-implemented school nutrition policies that improve the healthiness of foods available are unlikely to exacerbate the socioeconomic gradient of poor nutrition. However, the number of studies that reported results by SEP limits drawing strong conclusions regarding equity impacts and we strongly recommend further studies analyze their findings according to SEP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Grigsby-Duffy
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Ruby Brooks
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Tara Boelsen-Robinson
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Miranda R Blake
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Claire Palermo
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Level 1, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Anna Peeters
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Melbourne, VIC 3220, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Davey F, McGowan V, Birch J, Kuhn I, Lahiri A, Gkiouleka A, Arora A, Sowden S, Bambra C, Ford J. Levelling up health: A practical, evidence-based framework for reducing health inequalities. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2022; 4:100322. [PMID: 36164497 PMCID: PMC9494865 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are substantial inequalities in health across society which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The UK government have committed to a programme of levelling-up to address geographical inequalities. Here we undertake rapid review of the evidence base on interventions to reduce such health inequalities and developed a practical, evidence-based framework to 'level up' health across the country. This paper overviews a rapid review undertaken to develop a framework of guiding principles to guide policy. To that end and based on an initial theory, we searched one electrotonic database (MEDLINE) from 2007 to July 2021 to identify published umbrella reviews and undertook an internet search to identify relevant systematic reviews, primary studies, and grey literature. Titles and abstracts were screened according to the eligibility criteria. Key themes were extracted from the included studies and synthesised into an overarching framework of guiding principles in consultation with an expert panel. Included studies were cross checked with the initial theoretical domains and further searching undertaken to fill any gaps. We identified 16 published umbrella reviews (covering 667 individual studies), 19 grey literature publications, and 15 key systematic reviews or primary studies. Based on these studies, we develop a framework applicable at national, regional and local level which consisted of five principles - 1) healthy-by-default and easy to use initiatives; 2) long-term, multi-sector action; 3) locally designed focus; 4) targeting disadvantaged communities; and 5) matching of resources to need. Decision-makers working on policies to level up health should be guided by these five principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Davey
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vic McGowan
- NIHR School for Public Health Research, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North East and North Cumbria, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Birch
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Isla Kuhn
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anwesha Lahiri
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Gkiouleka
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ananya Arora
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Sowden
- NIHR School for Public Health Research, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North East and North Cumbria, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Bambra
- NIHR School for Public Health Research, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North East and North Cumbria, United Kingdom
| | - John Ford
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR School for Public Health Research, United Kingdom
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East of England, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Aubert AM, Chen LW, Shivappa N, Cooper C, Crozier SR, Duijts L, Forhan A, Hanke W, Harvey NC, Jankowska A, Kelleher CC, de Lauzon-Guillain B, McAuliffe FM, Mensink-Bout SM, Polanska K, Relton CL, Suderman M, Hebert JR, Phillips CM, Bernard JY, Heude B. Predictors of maternal dietary quality and dietary inflammation during pregnancy: An individual participant data meta-analysis of seven European cohorts from the ALPHABET consortium. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1991-2002. [PMID: 35964423 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Maternal diet during pregnancy is a modifiable behaviour which plays an important role in maternal, neonatal and child health outcomes. Thus, knowledge of predictors of dietary quality and dietary inflammatory potential in European countries may contribute to developing maternal diet-related public health policies that target specific at-risk populations in Europe. METHODS We used harmonised data from >26,000 pregnant women enrolled in the ALSPAC, EDEN, Generation R, Lifeways, REPRO_PL, ROLO and SWS cohorts, as part of the ALPHABET consortium. Maternal dietary quality and inflammatory potential were assessed using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII). We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis to investigate the maternal sociodemographic, health and behavioural predictors of maternal diet before and during pregnancy. RESULTS DASH and E-DII scores were moderately correlated: from -0.63 (95% CI: -0.66, -0.59) to -0.48 (95% CI: -0.49, -0.47) across cohorts. Higher maternal age, education, household income, and physical activity during pregnancy were associated with a better dietary quality and a more anti-inflammatory diet. Conversely, multiparity and smoking during pregnancy were associated with a poorer dietary quality and a more proinflammatory diet. Women with obesity had a poorer pregnancy dietary quality than women with a normal body mass index range. CONCLUSIONS The results will help identify population subgroups who may benefit from targeted public health strategies and interventions aimed at improving women's dietary quality during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien M Aubert
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
| | - Ling-Wei Chen
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 117609, Singapore.
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK.
| | - Sarah R Crozier
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, Southampton SO16 7NP, UK.
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CB Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CB Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anne Forhan
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Agnieszka Jankowska
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
| | - Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sara M Mensink-Bout
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CB Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
| | - James R Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Cancer Prevention and Control Program Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Catherine M Phillips
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 117609, Singapore.
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
We present a comprehensive Framework for Digital Health Equity, detailing key digital determinants of health (DDoH), to support the work of digital health tool creators in industry, health systems operations, and academia. The rapid digitization of healthcare may widen health disparities if solutions are not developed with these determinants in mind. Our framework builds on the leading health disparities framework, incorporating a digital environment domain. We examine DDoHs at the individual, interpersonal, community, and societal levels, discuss the importance of a root cause, multi-level approach, and offer a pragmatic case study that applies our framework.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wilderink L, Bakker I, Schuit AJ, Seidell JC, Pop IA, Renders CM. A Theoretical Perspective on Why Socioeconomic Health Inequalities Are Persistent: Building the Case for an Effective Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8384. [PMID: 35886234 PMCID: PMC9317352 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite policy intentions and many interventions aimed at reducing socioeconomic health inequalities in recent decades in the Netherlands and other affluent countries, these inequalities have not been reduced. Based on a narrative literature review, this paper aims to increase insight into why socioeconomic health inequalities are so persistent and build a way forward for improved approaches from a theoretical perspective. Firstly, we present relevant theories focusing on individual determinants of health-related behaviors. Thereafter, we present theories that take into account determinants of the individual level and the environmental level. Lastly, we show the complexity of the system of individual determinants, environmental determinants and behavior change for low socioeconomic position (SEP) groups and describe the next steps in developing and evaluating future effective approaches. These steps include systems thinking, a complex whole-system approach and participation of all stakeholders in system change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wilderink
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.S.); (C.M.R.)
- Department of Healthy Society, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, 8017 CA Zwolle, The Netherlands;
| | - Ingrid Bakker
- Department of Healthy Society, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, 8017 CA Zwolle, The Netherlands;
| | - Albertine J. Schuit
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands; (A.J.S.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Jacob C. Seidell
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.S.); (C.M.R.)
| | - Ioana A. Pop
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands; (A.J.S.); (I.A.P.)
| | - Carry M. Renders
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.S.); (C.M.R.)
- Department of Healthy Society, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, 8017 CA Zwolle, The Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Suggested explanations for the (in)effectiveness of nutrition information interventions among adults with a low socioeconomic status: a scoping review. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e50. [PMID: 35836699 PMCID: PMC9241061 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy diets are a major threat to population health and are especially prevalent among those with a low socioeconomic status (SES). Health promotion initiatives often rely on nutrition information interventions (NIIs), but are usually less effective among adults with a low SES than in their high-SES counterparts. Explanations for this lower effectiveness are set out in extant studies. These have been conducted across a wide range of disciplines and subject fields and using a variety of methodological approaches. We have therefore conducted a scoping review to identify and synthesise the following: (1) explanations suggested in studies carried out in high-income countries for why NIIs are (in)effective among adults with a low SES and (2) whether these suggested explanations were studied empirically. Eight databases were searched for relevant studies published since 2009 across various disciplines. This identified 4951 papers, 27 of which were included in our review after screening. Only fifteen of these proposed an explanation for the (in)effectiveness of NIIs among adults with a low SES. The following four main themes were uncovered: health literacy, economic resources, social resources and convenience. Ten studies tested their explanations empirically, but the results were inconsistent. The reasons why NIIs are (in)effective among low-SES adults are therefore still largely unclear. Also, current literature predominantly relies on individualistic explanations, most notably focusing on psychological and economic attributes. Consequently, if the effectiveness of NIIs among low-SES populations is to be improved, future studies should examine a wider range of explanations and test them systematically and empirically.
Collapse
|
30
|
Kankowski L, Ardissino M, McCracken C, Lewandowski AJ, Leeson P, Neubauer S, Harvey NC, Petersen SE, Raisi-Estabragh Z. The Impact of Maternal Obesity on Offspring Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Literature Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:868441. [PMID: 35669689 PMCID: PMC9164814 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.868441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity and cardiovascular disease are major global public health problems. Maternal obesity has been linked to multiple adverse health consequences for both mother and baby. Obesity during pregnancy may adversely alter the intrauterine environment, which has been hypothesised to predispose the offspring to poorer cardiovascular health throughout life. In this paper, we systematically review current literature examining the links between maternal obesity and offspring cardiovascular health. Methods This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021278567) and was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted, including two electronic databases (Ovid Medline, Embase), cross-referencing, author searching, and grey literature searches. We selected studies exploring the relationship between maternal obesity and offspring cardiovascular health, using pre-defined eligibility criteria. Studies were critically appraised using the ROBINS-I tool. Results From 1,214 results, 27 articles met the eligibility criteria. Multiple cardiovascular outcomes were considered, including congenital heart disease, cardiometabolic parameters, and cardiovascular diseases in neonates, children, and adults. In these studies, maternal obesity was consistently associated with congenital heart disease, several adverse cardiometabolic parameters throughout life including higher body mass index and insulin levels, and greater risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Hypothesized underlying mechanisms are complex and multifactorial comprising genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic components, which can be difficult to quantify. Heterogeneity in study designs, highly selected study samples, and high risk of bias in some studies limit conclusions regarding causality. Conclusions We identified consistent evidence of links between maternal obesity and poorer offspring cardiovascular health throughout the lifecourse, extending from the neonatal period into adulthood. Although underlying mechanisms are unclear, our findings support consideration of targeted maternal obesity prevention for promotion of offspring cardiovascular health. This all-encompassing systematic review provides critical appraisal of the latest evidence, defines gaps and biases of existing literature, and may inform potential new public health strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention. Systematic Review Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier PROSPERO (CRD42021278567).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois Kankowski
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Ardissino
- Imperial College School of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Celeste McCracken
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J. Lewandowski
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Leeson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C. Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen E. Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, United Kingdom
| | - Zahra Raisi-Estabragh
- William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Peeters A, Backholer K. Big data reveals a dominant link between education and diet quality. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:271-272. [PMID: 35260815 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Peeters
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lessons Learned From 10 Years of Preschool Intervention for Health Promotion. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:283-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
33
|
‘You Owe It to Yourself, Everyone You Love and to Our Beleaguered NHS to Get Yourself Fit and Well’: Weight Stigma in the British Media during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Thematic Analysis. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci10120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The portrayal of obesity in the media can impact public health by guiding peoples’ behaviours and furthering stigma. Individual responsibility for body weight along with negative portrayals of obesity have frequently dominated UK media discourses on obesity. This study aims to explore how the media has represented obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic through a thematic analysis of 95 UK online newspaper articles published in The Sun, The Mail Online, and The Guardian. The first theme, lifestyle recommendations, accounts for media coverage providing ‘expert’ advice on losing weight. The second theme, individual responsibility, emphasises media appeals to self-governance to tackle obesity and protect the NHS during the pandemic. The third theme, actors of change, explores how celebrities and politicians are presented as examples of weight management. These results suggest that individuals are held responsible for their weight and accountable for protecting the NHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stigma can be furthered by the decontextualisation of lifestyle recommendations and exacerbated by the actors of change presented: Celebrity profiles reveal gendered goals for weight management, and politicians exemplify self-governance, which consolidates their power. In conclusion, individualising and stigmatising discourses around obesity have taken new forms during the pandemic that link health responsibility to protecting the NHS and invokes celebrities and politicians to foster action.
Collapse
|
34
|
van der Heijden A, Te Molder H, Huma B, Jager G. To like or not to like: Negotiating food assessments of children from families with a low socioeconomic position. Appetite 2021; 170:105853. [PMID: 34896168 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored how primary school-aged children from families with a low socioeconomic position produce 'likes' and 'dislikes' of foods during everyday family meals, and how these (dis)likes are understood and treated by their parents. It is crucial to understand how food preferences develop in the course of everyday life, as it is known that there are socioeconomic disparities in food preference and consumption, and that children from families with a low socioeconomic position have relatively poorer diets. Deploying an interactional approach to food preference, video recordings of 79 evening meals in families with a low socioeconomic position were analyzed using discursive psychology and conversation analysis. The analysis highlighted that children's food likes and dislikes were treated differently by their parents. While likes were routinely not responded to, agreed with or further elaborated, dislikes were predominantly oriented to as food refusals or treated as inappropriate, or non-genuine claims. Children's food assessments, i.e., likes and dislikes, were often disattended by parents when they appeared to be food preference displays. By contrast, assessments that accomplished social actions like refusals and complaints were more often responded to. The analysis also revealed the importance of distinguishing between assessments about food items in general, that were not currently being eaten, and assessments of food eaten here-and-now. All in all, the study evidences that and how assessment sequences open up interactional spaces where children and parents orient to and negotiate relative rights and responsibilities to know, to assess and to accomplish specific actions. Implications for food preference research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy van der Heijden
- Wageningen University & Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen University & Research, Strategic Communication Group, Hollandseweg 1, 6707, KN, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hedwig Te Molder
- VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Humanities: Language, Literature and Communication, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bogdana Huma
- VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Humanities: Language, Literature and Communication, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerry Jager
- Wageningen University & Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Stippeneng 4, 6708, WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Vieira M, Teixeira A, Carvalho GS. Effectiveness of the "Planning Health in School" Programme on Children's Nutritional Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312846. [PMID: 34886571 PMCID: PMC8657562 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Effective interventions for guiding children to change behaviours are needed to tackle obesity. We evaluated the effectiveness of the 'Planning Health in School' programme (PHS-pro) on children's nutritional status. A non-randomised control group pretest-posttest trial was conducted at elementary schools of a sub-urban municipality in Porto's metropolitan area (Portugal). A total of 504 children of grade-6, aged 10-14, were assigned in two groups: children of one school as the intervention group (IG), and three schools as the control group (CG). Anthropometric measures included height, weight, waist circumference (WC), BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and lifestyle behaviours (self-reported questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and after PHS-pro. IG children grew significantly taller more than CG ones (p < 0.001). WC had reduced significantly in IG (-0.4 cm) whereas in the CG had increased (+0.3 cm; p = 0.015), and WHtR of IG showed a significant reduction (p = 0.002) compared with CG. After PHS-pro, IG children consumed significantly fewer soft drinks (p = 0.043) and ate more fruit and vegetables daily than CG. Physical activity time increased significantly in IG (p = 0.022), while CG maintained the same activity level. The PHS-pro did improve anthropometric outcomes effectively leading to better nutritional status and appears to be promising in reducing overweight and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Vieira
- Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253-601-212
| | - Andreia Teixeira
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- ADiT-LAB, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Graça S. Carvalho
- Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jacobs J, Strugnell C, Allender S, Orellana L, Backholer K, Bolton KA, Fraser P, Le H, Brown AD, Nichols M. The impact of a community-based intervention on weight, weight-related behaviours and health-related quality of life in primary school children in Victoria, Australia, according to socio-economic position. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2179. [PMID: 34837974 PMCID: PMC8627608 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately a quarter of Australian children are classified as overweight or obese. In high-income countries, childhood obesity follows a socio-economic gradient, with greater prevalence amongst the most socio-economically disadvantaged children. Community-based interventions (CBI), particularly those using a systems approach, have been shown to be effective on weight and weight-related behaviours. They are also thought to have an equitable impacts, however there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in achieving this goal. Methods Secondary analysis was conducted on data collected from primary school children (aged 6–13 years) residing in ten communities (five intervention, five control) involved in the Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (WHO STOPS) cluster randomised trial in Victoria, Australia. Outcomes included Body Mass Index z-score (BMI-z) derived from measured height and weight, self-reported physical activity and dietary behaviours and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Repeat cross-sectional data from 2015 (n = 1790) and 2019 (n = 2137) were analysed, stratified by high or low socio-economic position (SEP). Multilevel linear models and generalised estimating equations were fitted to assess whether SEP modified the intervention effect on the outcomes. Results There were no overall changes in BMI-z for either SEP strata. For behavioural outcomes, the intervention resulted in a 22.5% (95% CI 5.1, 39.9) point greater improvement in high-SEP compared to low-SEP intervention schools for meeting physical activity guidelines. There were also positive dietary intervention effects for high SEP students, reducing takeaway and packaged snack consumption, although there was no significant difference in effect between high and low SEP students. There were positive intervention effects for HRQoL, whereby scores declined in control communities with no change in intervention communities, and this did not differ by SEP. Conclusion The WHO STOPS intervention had differential effects on several weight-related behaviours according to SEP, including physical activity. Similar impacts on HRQoL outcomes were found between high and low SEP groups. Importantly, the trial evaluation was not powered to detect subgroup differences. Future evaluations of CBIs should be designed with an equity lens, to understand if and how these types of interventions can benefit all community members, regardless of their social and economic resources. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12150-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Jacobs
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steven Allender
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Liliana Orellana
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Penny Fraser
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ha Le
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Andrew Dwight Brown
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Melanie Nichols
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Family Socioecological Correlates of Lifestyle Patterns in Early Childhood: A Cross-Sectional Study from the EDEN Mother-Child Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113803. [PMID: 34836060 PMCID: PMC8623755 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs), i.e., diet, sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep, combine into lifestyle patterns, which we aim to identify in French preschoolers and analyze their family correlates within the framework of a comprehensive socioecological model. Parental questionnaires provided information about family characteristics and children’s EBRBs for 978 5-year-olds of the EDEN cohort. We used principal component analysis to derive lifestyle patterns from EBRBs and hierarchical multivariable linear regressions to assess their associations with family socio-demographics, parent health/behaviors, and parent-child interactions. Analyses were stratified by sex. Of the three lifestyle patterns identified (unhealthy, healthy, and mixed), the mixed pattern differed the most between sexes. Lower parental education, suboptimal maternal diet, TV during meals, and later bedtime were associated with higher adherence to unhealthy patterns. Children cognitively stimulated at home and boys of mothers not employed adhered more to the healthy pattern. Older siblings (for girls) and higher engagement of parents in leisure-time physical activity (for boys) were related to greater adherence to mixed patterns. The identification of various correlates from multiple socioecological levels suggests that tackling the potentially synergistic effect of lifestyle patterns on health requires addressing processes relevant to the parent-child dimension and structural barriers parents may encounter.
Collapse
|
38
|
Ndejjo R, Hassen HY, Wanyenze RK, Musoke D, Nuwaha F, Abrams S, Bastiaens H, Musinguzi G. Community-Based Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Public Health Rev 2021; 42:1604018. [PMID: 34692177 PMCID: PMC8386815 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2021.1604018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of community-based interventions for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform design of effective strategies for CVD prevention. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane register of controlled studies and PSYCINFO databases for studies published between January 2000 and June 2019. Other studies were identified from gray literature sources and review of reference lists of included studies. The primary outcomes for the review were those aimed at primary prevention of CVD targeting physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption. Results: Database searches yielded 15,885 articles and 94 articles were identified through snowball searching. After screening, the articles from LMICs were 32 emanating from 27 studies: 9 cluster randomized trials, eight randomized controlled trials and 10 controlled before and after studies. Community-based interventions successfully improved population knowledge on CVD and risk factors and influenced physical activity and dietary practices. Evidence of interventions on smoking cessation and reduced alcohol consumption was inconsistent. Conclusion: This evidence should inform policy makers in decision-making and prioritizing evidence-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawlance Ndejjo
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hamid Yimam Hassen
- Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rhoda K Wanyenze
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Musoke
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Nuwaha
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Steven Abrams
- Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Data Science Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), UHasselt, Belgium
| | - Hilde Bastiaens
- Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geofrey Musinguzi
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rantala E, Vanhatalo S, Tilles-Tirkkonen T, Kanerva M, Hansen PG, Kolehmainen M, Männikkö R, Lindström J, Pihlajamäki J, Poutanen K, Karhunen L, Absetz P. Choice Architecture Cueing to Healthier Dietary Choices and Physical Activity at the Workplace: Implementation and Feasibility Evaluation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103592. [PMID: 34684592 PMCID: PMC8538928 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Redesigning choice environments appears a promising approach to encourage healthier eating and physical activity, but little evidence exists of the feasibility of this approach in real-world settings. The aim of this paper is to portray the implementation and feasibility assessment of a 12-month mixed-methods intervention study, StopDia at Work, targeting the environment of 53 diverse worksites. The intervention was conducted within a type 2 diabetes prevention study, StopDia. We assessed feasibility through the fidelity, facilitators and barriers, and maintenance of implementation, building on implementer interviews (n = 61 informants) and observations of the worksites at six (t1) and twelve months (t2). We analysed quantitative data with Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests and qualitative data with content analysis. Intervention sites altogether implemented 23 various choice architectural strategies (median 3, range 0-14 strategies/site), employing 21 behaviour change mechanisms. Quantitative analysis found implementation was successful in 66%, imperfect in 25%, and failed in 9% of evaluated cases. These ratings were independent of the ease of implementation of applied strategies and reminders that implementers received. Researchers' assistance in intervention launch (p = 0.02) and direct contact to intervention sites (p < 0.001) predicted higher fidelity at t1, but not at t2. Qualitative content analysis identified facilitators and barriers related to the organisation, intervention, worksite environment, implementer, and user. Contributors of successful implementation included apt implementers, sufficient implementer training, careful planning, integration into worksite values and activities, and management support. After the study, 49% of the worksites intended to maintain the implementation in some form. Overall, the choice architecture approach seems suitable for workplace health promotion, but a range of practicalities warrant consideration while designing real-world implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Rantala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (S.V.); (M.K.); (K.P.)
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Saara Vanhatalo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (S.V.); (M.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Markus Kanerva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
- D Department, Tikkurila Campus, Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Ratatie 22, 01300 Vantaa, Finland
| | - Pelle Guldborg Hansen
- Department of Communication, Business & Information Technologies, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (S.V.); (M.K.); (K.P.)
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Reija Männikkö
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa Poutanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tietotie 2, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (S.V.); (M.K.); (K.P.)
| | - Leila Karhunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
| | - Pilvikki Absetz
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (T.T.-T.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (J.P.); (L.K.); (P.A.)
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hawkins M, Massuger W, Cheng C, Batterham R, Moore GT, Knowles S, Nadarajah RG, Raven L, Osborne RH. Codesign and implementation of an equity-promoting national health literacy programme for people living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): a protocol for the application of the Optimising Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) process. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045059. [PMID: 34446478 PMCID: PMC8395357 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-government organisations (NGOs) often represent people who are underserved or experiencing vulnerability. Crohn's & Colitis Australia (CCA) is aware that many Australians with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not reached by current communication and engagement activities. The aim of the CCA IBD project is to implement the Optimising Health Literacy and Access (Ophelia) process over 3 years to collaboratively codesign ways to improve delivery of information, services and resources for people with IBD and their carers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Health literacy and other data for phase 1 will be collected using the Health Literacy Questionnaire, eHealth Literacy Questionnaire, IBD-related questions and qualitative interviews with people with IBD and their carers to ascertain their lived experience. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. Identified clusters will be combined with qualitative data to develop vignettes (narratives of people's experiences of living with IBD) for stakeholder workshops to generate ideas for useful, accessible and sustainable solutions for identified health literacy needs. Selection and testing of health literacy actions happens in phase 2 and implementation and evaluation in phase 3 (2021-2023). Outcomes of this project include giving voice to people living with IBD, their carers and frontline healthcare practitioners. Genuine codesign informs the development and implementation of what is needed and wanted to improve access to and availability and quality of information and resources that support people to manage their health. There is potential for other NGOs to use the CCA Ophelia model in other health contexts to improve engagement with and understanding of the needs of the people they serve and to reduce health inequalities and improve health outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval for Ophelia phase 1 has been obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of Swinburne University of Technology (Ref: 20202968-4652) and by the South West Sydney Local Health District Research and Ethics Office for the purposes of questionnaire recruitment at Liverpool Hospital (Ref: 20202968-4652). Dissemination of the study findings will be the national codesign process and ownership development across the CCA community and through the genuine engagement of clinicians and relevant managers across Australia. The model and process will be directly distributed to international IBD associations and to other NGOs. It will also be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations and public reports on the CCA and Swinburne University of Technology website.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Hawkins
- Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wayne Massuger
- Crohn's and Colitis Australia, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina Cheng
- Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roy Batterham
- Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University - Rangsit Campus, Khlong Nueng, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Gregory T Moore
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Knowles
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Statistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ranjit G Nadarajah
- Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leanne Raven
- Crohn's and Colitis Australia, Camberwell, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard H Osborne
- Centre for Global Health and Equity, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cavallo DN, Martinez R, Webb Hooper M, Flocke S. Feasibility of a social media-based weight loss intervention designed for low-SES adults. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:981-992. [PMID: 32716040 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-socioeconomic status (SES) individuals have higher rates of obesity. Social media platforms are used frequently by low-SES individuals and facilitate important weight loss program components including social support. Very few social media-based weight loss interventions, however, have enrolled or been tailored to low-SES participants. The purpose of this article is to examine the feasibility of a social media-based weight loss intervention among low-SES adults. We conducted a one-group pretest post-test pilot intervention study with two groups (group 1, n = 39, group 2, n = 16) of low-SES overweight/obese adults who were enrolled in a 12-week social media-based weight loss intervention including self-monitoring via Fitbits and participation in a private Facebook group. A moderator provided educational content and encouraged social support via Facebook. Descriptive statistics were used to assess intervention acceptability and engagement. Exploratory analyses were conducted to examine changes in study outcomes and engagement patterns. The study had good retention (86%). Among 55 total participants enrolled, there were 9,175 participant interactions within the Facebook group. Among completers (n = 47), 96% indicated they would recommend the intervention to a friend. Mean weight loss was 1.07 kg (SD = 3.96, p = .0498), and participants reported increases in positive dietary social support (mean = 2.47, SD = 5.09, p = .0007). Engagement in this social media-based pilot intervention was high and exceeded results from previous studies using similar formats. Participants evaluated the intervention favorably. Changes in weight loss and several theoretical mediators were in the desired direction. Overall, our results indicate social media groups as a platform for weight loss intervention delivery among low-SES adults are feasible and should be studied in larger randomized trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Cavallo
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rogelio Martinez
- University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Monica Webb Hooper
- Office of Cancer Disparities Research, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Susan Flocke
- Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Are Perceptions of Health Dependant on Social Class? Studying Soft Power and Symbolic Violence in a Health Promotion Program among Young Men at Vocational Schools. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147517. [PMID: 34299968 PMCID: PMC8307088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Health behaviour among young people has a social gradient, and tends to be skewed in terms of gender as well. Young men in vocational educational settings are an example where the inequality in health is apparent. Addressing this problem requires an understanding of health behaviour and its determinants in the target group in order to be able to develop interventions that can address the problem. The aim of the paper is to investigate to what extent a multicomponent intervention based on the Whole School Approach, targeting the risk behaviours, smoking, eating and physical activity that have an impact on health behaviour among male students in a disadvantaged educational setting. The paper uses self-reported longitudinal data on risk behaviours from the “Gearing up the Body” 1-year intervention program that was implemented among students at a Danish vocational school. For the analysis, we created a score model to categorise students and behaviour. Analyses suggest that interventions had only a modest impact and what evidence there is shows that the interventions reduced the health behaviour scores by 0.03 points. More specifically, we find that symbolic violence reduces the health behaviour score of the healthy types by 0.20 points, whereas soft power increases the health behaviour of the unhealthy type by 0.05 points. An explanation for the disappointing results of the “Gearing up the Body” program is tension between different understanding of what is “right” and “wrong” health behaviour. We find that the ideas of soft power and symbolic violence can contribute to a better understanding of why health and health behaviour is understood differently among vocational students. Thus, the finding demonstrates that one needs to apply a participatory approach rather than a normative approach addressing the health behaviour of disadvantaged individuals.
Collapse
|
43
|
Mazariegos M, Auchincloss AH, Braverman-Bronstein A, Kroker-Lobos MF, Ramírez-Zea M, Hessel P, Miranda JJ, Pérez-Ferrer C. Educational inequalities in obesity: a multilevel analysis of survey data from cities in Latin America. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-9. [PMID: 34167613 PMCID: PMC7613035 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using newly harmonised individual-level data on health and socio-economic environments in Latin American cities (from the Salud Urbana en América Latina (SALURBAL) study), we assessed the association between obesity and education levels and explored potential effect modification of this association by city-level socio-economic development. DESIGN This cross-sectional study used survey data collected between 2002 and 2017. Absolute and relative educational inequalities in obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, derived from measured weight and height) were calculated first. Then, a two-level mixed-effects logistic regression was run to test for effect modification of the education-obesity association by city-level socio-economic development. All analyses were stratified by sex. SETTING One hundred seventy-six Latin American cities within eight countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru). PARTICIPANTS 53 186 adults aged >18 years old. RESULTS Among women, 25 % were living with obesity and obesity was negatively associated with educational level (higher education-lower obesity) and this pattern was consistent across city-level socio-economic development. Among men, 18 % were living with obesity and there was a positive association between education and obesity (higher education-higher obesity) for men living in cities with lower levels of development, whereas for those living in cities with higher levels of development, the pattern was inverted and university education was protective of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Among women, education was protective of obesity regardless, whereas among men, it was only protective in cities with higher levels of development. These divergent results suggest the need for sex- and city-specific interventions to reduce obesity prevalence and inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Mazariegos
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Amy H Auchincloss
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariela Braverman-Bronstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - María F Kroker-Lobos
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Manuel Ramírez-Zea
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Philipp Hessel
- Universidad de los Andes, Alberto Lleras Camargo School of Government, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Carolina Pérez-Ferrer
- CONACYT – National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, 62100, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gillies C, Super S, Te Molder H, de Graaf K, Wagemakers A. Healthy eating strategies for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations: a meta-ethnography. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 16:1942416. [PMID: 34151755 PMCID: PMC8216252 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.1942416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In developed countries, diet-related health inequalities between people with different levels of socioeconomic advantage persist. However, there is limited qualitative evidence to inform the design of effective healthy eating (HE) strategies in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations (SDPs). The purpose of this review was to explore the characteristics influencing HE strategies for SDPs and develop a new understanding of how and why they influence their success. Methods: A qualitative evidence synthesis using a systematic meta-ethnographic approach. The twelve studies included were conducted in the USA, Canada, Australia, and UK. Results: The studies described a range of HE strategies, including nutrition education programs, food vouchers, and community gardens. Personal values and sense of pride and autonomy were found to have an influence on participants’ attitudes towards HE strategies. Similarly, social characteristics such as level of social support and opportunities for shared benefits influenced participants’ engagement. Structural characteristics such as the affordability and accessibility of healthy foods determined strategy acceptability and success. Finally, organizational characteristics such as flexibility influenced how well strategies supported the circumstances of participants. Conclusions: These overlapping characteristics may be used to inform the development, implementation, and evaluation of strategies to improve healthy eating in SDPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gillies
- Strategic Communication Chair Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabina Super
- Health and Society Chair Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hedwig Te Molder
- Department of Language, Literature, and Communication, Faculty of Humanities, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees de Graaf
- Human Nutrition & Health Chair Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Wagemakers
- Health and Society Chair Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Browne J, MacDonald C, Egan M, Carville K, Delbridge R, Backholer K. Relevance of the Aboriginal Rethink Sugary Drink media campaign to Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal audiences in regional Victoria. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 45:263-269. [PMID: 33818842 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that a culturally tailored sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) campaign designed specifically for the Victorian Aboriginal community will not only be valuable for Aboriginal Victorians but will also have cross-over benefits for non-Aboriginal Victorians. METHODS An online survey was completed by 155 Victorians (78 Aboriginal, 77 non-Aboriginal) four months after the Aboriginal Rethink Sugary Drink (RSD) advertisement was launched. Differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal respondents were assessed using χ2 and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS Seventy-six per cent of Aboriginal respondents recalled seeing the advertisement compared to 56% of non-Aboriginal respondents (p<0.05). A high proportion of respondents (59% for Aboriginal, 55% for non-Aboriginal) who had seen the advertisement correctly identified the sugar content of a 600mL drink. The perceived relevance of the advertisement was high (78% for Aboriginal vs. 47% for non-Aboriginal; p=0.003), as was the response that it motivated action to improve health (82% vs. 50%; p=0.001). CONCLUSION Notwithstanding the small sample size, the Aboriginal advertisement appeared to engage both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Victorians and promote SSB knowledge and motivation to improve health, particularly among Aboriginal Victorians, who were the target population. Public health campaigns should be designed with Aboriginal Australians to ensure equitable reach and impacts across the whole population. Implications for public health: Aboriginal-led health promotion campaigns may be beneficial for both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal audiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Browne
- The Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Victoria
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Victoria
| | | | - Mikaela Egan
- The Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Victoria
| | - Kylie Carville
- The Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Victoria
| | - Robyn Delbridge
- The Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, Victoria
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Victoria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Differential educational patterning of cardiometabolic risks between women and men among community-dwelling Chinese adults in Hong Kong: the mediating role of obesity. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4245-4256. [PMID: 34036931 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Educational inequalities in cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are globally recognised; nonetheless, the evidence on potential explanatory mechanisms and effective strategies for CMD prevention and inequality reduction is relatively scarce in Asia. Therefore, the current study examined the extent and potential mediators of the association of education level with CMD conditions (i.e., hypertension and diabetes) in an advanced economy in Asia. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING This territory-wide cross-sectional Population Health Survey in 2014-2015 was performed in Hong Kong. Demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle factors were collected via questionnaire, while clinical data on blood pressure and glucose levels, lipid profiles and anthropometric measures were obtained during health examination. Hypertension and diabetes statuses were objectively defined by both clinical data and the use of relevant medications. PARTICIPANTS 2297 community-dwelling adults aged between 15-84 years recruited via systematic replicated sampling of living quarters. RESULTS Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis showed that lower education level was significantly associated with hypertension among women but not men, whereas similar pattern was also observed for diabetes and other related clinical risk factors. Also, general and abdominal obesity were independently associated with hypertension and diabetes among both women and men, and substantially mediated the observed inequalities across education levels among women. Specifically, abdominal obesity was a particularly strong risk factor and mediator for diabetes. CONCLUSION Educational patterning of CMD was more apparent among women in Hong Kong. Obesity control appears to be important for both overall CMD prevention and reduction of educational inequalities in CMD among women.
Collapse
|
47
|
Increasing availability of lower energy meals vs. energy labelling in virtual full-service restaurants: two randomized controlled trials in participants of higher and lower socioeconomic position. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:975. [PMID: 34034699 PMCID: PMC8147368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are a range of interventions designed to promote healthier food choices in full-service restaurants. However, it is unclear how these interventions affect dietary choices in people of lower and higher socioeconomic position (SEP). Methods A total of 2091 US participants recruited online completed Study 1 (n = 1001) and Study 2 (n = 1090). Recruitment was stratified by participant highest education level, resulting in higher SEP and lower SEP groups. In a between-subjects design, participants made hypothetical food choices (main dish, plus optional sides and desserts) from six restaurants menus in the absence vs. presence of menu energy labelling and from menus with baseline (10%) vs. increased availability (50%) of lower energy main dishes. Data were collected and analysed in 2019. Two studies were conducted in order to examine replicability and generalisability of findings across different restaurant menu types. Results Across both studies, increasing the availability of lower energy main menu options decreased the average energy content of the ordered main dish (− 129 kcal, 95% CI [− 139; − 119]) and total energy ordered (− 117 kcal, 95% CI [− 138; − 95]) in both higher and lower SEP participants. Energy labelling significantly reduced the energy content of ordered main dishes in higher SEP participants (− 41 kcal, 95% CI [− 54; − 29]), but not lower SEP participants (− 5 kcal, 95% CI [− 22; 11]). However, energy labelling reduced total energy ordered (− 83 kcal, 95% CI [− 105; − 60]) irrespective of SEP. Conclusions In two virtual experiments, increasing the availability of lower energy restaurant main menu options impacted on main menu dish choice and decreased total energy ordered irrespective of SEP. Energy labelling had a less pronounced effect on total energy ordered and had a larger impact on the energy content of main menu dish choice in higher as opposed to lower SEP participants. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04336540 retrospectively registered (7 April, 2020). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11007-0.
Collapse
|
48
|
Czwikla G, Boen F, Cook DG, de Jong J, Harris T, Hilz LK, Iliffe S, Lechner L, Morris RW, Muellmann S, Peels DA, Pischke CR, Schüz B, Stevens M, Telkmann K, van Lenthe FJ, Vanderlinden J, Bolte G. Equity-specific effects of interventions to promote physical activity among middle-aged and older adults: results from applying a novel equity-specific re-analysis strategy. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:65. [PMID: 34001171 PMCID: PMC8130354 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01131-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing inequalities in physical activity (PA) and PA-associated health outcomes is a priority for public health. Interventions to promote PA may reduce inequalities, but may also unintentionally increase them. Thus, there is a need to analyze equity-specific intervention effects. However, the potential for analyzing equity-specific effects of PA interventions has not yet been sufficiently exploited. The aim of this study was to set out a novel equity-specific re-analysis strategy tried out in an international interdisciplinary collaboration. METHODS The re-analysis strategy comprised harmonizing choice and definition of outcomes, exposures, socio-demographic indicators, and statistical analysis strategies across studies, as well as synthesizing results. It was applied in a collaboration of a convenience sample of eight European PA intervention studies in adults aged ≥45 years. Weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA was harmonized as outcome. Any versus no intervention was harmonized as exposure. Gender, education, income, area deprivation, and marital status were harmonized as socio-demographic indicators. Interactions between the intervention and socio-demographic indicators on moderate-to-vigorous PA were analyzed using multivariable linear regression and random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS The collaborative experience shows that the novel re-analysis strategy can be applied to investigate equity-specific effects of existing PA interventions. Across our convenience sample of studies, no consistent pattern of equity-specific intervention effects was found. Pooled estimates suggested that intervention effects did not differ by gender, education, income, area deprivation, and marital status. CONCLUSIONS To exploit the potential for equity-specific effect analysis, we encourage future studies to apply the strategy to representative samples of existing study data. Ensuring sufficient representation of 'hard to reach' groups such as the most disadvantaged in study samples is of particular importance. This will help to extend the limited evidence required for the design and prioritization of future interventions that are most likely to reduce health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Czwikla
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Filip Boen
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Derek G Cook
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Johan de Jong
- School of Sports Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tess Harris
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Lisa K Hilz
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Steve Iliffe
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lilian Lechner
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard W Morris
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Saskia Muellmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Denise A Peels
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia R Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine UniversityDuesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schüz
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Martin Stevens
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Telkmann
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Vanderlinden
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Bolte
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu R, Cavallo D. Social Network Analysis of the Effects of a Social Media-Based Weight Loss Intervention Targeting Adults of Low Socioeconomic Status: Single-Arm Intervention Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e24690. [PMID: 33835033 PMCID: PMC8065555 DOI: 10.2196/24690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hypertension and type II diabetes. Although numerous weight loss interventions have demonstrated efficacy, there is considerably less evidence about the theoretical mechanisms through which they work. Delivering lifestyle behavior change interventions via social media provides unique opportunities for understanding mechanisms of intervention effects. Server data collected directly from web-based platforms can provide detailed, real-time behavioral information over the course of intervention programs that can be used to understand how interventions work. Objective The objective of this study was to demonstrate how social network analysis can facilitate our understanding of the mechanisms underlying a social media–based weight loss intervention. Methods We performed secondary analysis by using data from a pilot study that delivered a dietary and physical activity intervention to a group of participants via Facebook. We mapped out participants’ interaction networks over the 12-week intervention period and linked participants’ network characteristics (eg, in-degree, out-degree, network constraint) to participants’ changes in theoretical mediators (ie, dietary knowledge, perceived social support, self-efficacy) and weight loss by using regression analysis. We also performed mediation analyses to explore how the effects of social network measures on weight loss could be mediated by the aforementioned theoretical mediators. Results In this analysis, 47 participants from 2 waves completed the study and were included. We found that increases in the number of posts, comments, and reactions significantly predicted weight loss (β=–.94, P=.04); receiving comments positively predicted changes in self-efficacy (β=7.81, P=.009), and the degree to which one’s network neighbors are tightly connected with each other weakly predicted changes in perceived social support (β=7.70, P=.08). In addition, change in self-efficacy mediated the relationship between receiving comments and weight loss (β=–.89, P=.02). Conclusions Our analyses using data from this pilot study linked participants’ network characteristics with changes in several important study outcomes of interest such as self-efficacy, social support, and weight. Our results point to the potential of using social network analysis to understand the social processes and mechanisms through which web-based behavioral interventions affect participants’ psychological and behavioral outcomes. Future studies are warranted to validate our results and to further explore the relationship between network dynamics and study outcomes in similar and larger trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - David Cavallo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kepper MM, Walsh-Bailey C, Brownson RC, Kwan BM, Morrato EH, Garbutt J, de las Fuentes L, Glasgow RE, Lopetegui MA, Foraker R. Development of a Health Information Technology Tool for Behavior Change to Address Obesity and Prevent Chronic Disease Among Adolescents: Designing for Dissemination and Sustainment Using the ORBIT Model. Front Digit Health 2021; 3:648777. [PMID: 34713122 PMCID: PMC8521811 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2021.648777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Health information technology (HIT) has not been broadly adopted for use in outpatient healthcare settings to effectively address obesity in youth, especially among disadvantaged populations that face greater barriers to good health. A well-designed HIT tool can deliver behavior change recommendations and provide community resources to address this gap, and the Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials (ORBIT) model can guide its development and refinement. This article reports the application of the ORBIT model to (1) describe the characteristics and design of a novel HIT tool (the PREVENT tool) using behavioral theory, (2) illustrate the use of stakeholder-centered "designing for dissemination and sustainability" principles, and (3) discuss the practical implications and directions for future research. Two types of stakeholder engagement (customer discovery and user testing) were conducted with end users (outpatient healthcare teams). Customer discovery interviews (n = 20) informed PREVENT tool components and intervention targets by identifying (1) what healthcare teams (e.g., physicians, dietitians) identified as their most important "jobs to be done" in helping adolescents who are overweight/obese adopt healthy behaviors, (2) their most critical "pains" and "gains" related to overweight/obesity treatment, and (3) how they define success compared to competing alternatives. Interviews revealed the need for a tool to help healthcare teams efficiently deliver tailored, evidence-based behavior change recommendations, motivate patients, and follow-up with patients within the constraints of clinic schedules and workflows. The PREVENT tool was developed to meet these needs. It facilitates prevention discussions, delivers tailored, evidence-based recommendations for physical activity and food intake, includes an interactive map of community resources to support behavior change, and automates patient follow-up. Based on Self-Determination Theory, the PREVENT tool engages the patient to encourage competence and autonomy to motivate behavior change. The use of this intentional, user-centered design process should increase the likelihood of the intended outcomes (e.g., behavior change, weight stabilization/loss) and ultimately increase uptake, implementation success, and long-term results. After initial tool development, user-testing interviews (n = 13) were conducted using a think-aloud protocol that provided insight into users' (i.e., healthcare teams) cognitive processes, attitudes, and challenges when using the tool. Overall, the PREVENT tool was perceived to be useful, well-organized, and visually appealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura M. Kepper
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,*Correspondence: Maura M. Kepper
| | - Callie Walsh-Bailey
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ross C. Brownson
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bethany M. Kwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elaine H. Morrato
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States,Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Jane Garbutt
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Division of General Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Russell E. Glasgow
- Department of Family Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Health Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Camps, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marcelo A. Lopetegui
- Centro de Informática Biomédica, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Randi Foraker
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Division of General Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,Center for Population Health Informatics, Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|