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de Brito JN, Pereira MA, Kelly AS, Erickson DJ, Sherwood NE, Mason SM, Loth KA, French SA, Evanoff NG, Dengel DR, Kunin-Batson AS. Body Mass Index Trajectories and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Children from Low-Income and Racially and Ethnically Diverse Households. Child Obes 2024; 20:243-253. [PMID: 37327058 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study examined the associations between BMI trajectories and emerging cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children living in low-income and racially and ethnically diverse households in the United States. Methods: Data were drawn from NET-Works randomized intervention trial and NET-Works 2 prospective follow-up study (N = 338). BMI was measured across 6 follow-up visits and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) at the sixth visit. Group-based trajectory modeling identified child BMI trajectories. Adjusted multivariable linear regressions evaluated the associations between BMI trajectories and CMR. Results: We identified two BMI trajectories: 25% followed a trajectory of steep BMI increase, and 75% followed a moderate decreasing BMI trajectory over time. Relative to children in the moderate decreasing trajectory, children in the increasing trajectory had higher adjusted mean levels of C-reactive protein [CRP; 3.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6 to 5.0], leptin (63.1; 95% CI: 44.3 to 81.8), triglycerides (35.4; 95% CI: 22.1 to 48.6), triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (1.2; 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.6), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C; 0.1; 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.2), fasting glucose (1.8; 0.1 to 3.5) and insulin (8.8; 95% CI: 6.5 to 11.0), overall CMR score (0.7; 95% CI: 0.5 to 0.9), and lower adiponectin (-1.3; 95% CI: -2.5 to -0.1) and HDL (-10.8; 95% CI: -14.3 to -7.4). Conclusions: Children with high BMIs early in childhood were more likely to maintain an accelerated BMI trajectory throughout childhood, which was associated with adverse CMR in pre-adolescence. To advance health equity and support children's healthy weight and cardiovascular health trajectories, public health efforts are needed to address persistent disparities in childhood obesity and CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junia N de Brito
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aaron S Kelly
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Darin J Erickson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nancy E Sherwood
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Susan M Mason
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katie A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Simone A French
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas G Evanoff
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Donald R Dengel
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alicia S Kunin-Batson
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Lynch JD, Xu Y, Yolton K, Khoury JC, Chen A, Lanphear BP, Cecil KM, Braun JM, Epstein JN. [Formula: see text] Environmental predictors of children's executive functioning development. Child Neuropsychol 2024; 30:615-635. [PMID: 37621102 PMCID: PMC10891297 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2247603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Executive functioning (EF) abilities develop through childhood, but this development can be impacted by various psychosocial environmental influences. Using longitudinal data from the Health Outcome and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study, we examined if psychosocial environmental factors were significant predictors of EF development. Study participants comprised 271 children and their primary caregivers (98.5% mothers) followed from birth to age 12. We identified four distinct EF developmental trajectory groups comprising a consistently impaired group (13.3%), a descending impairment group (27.7%), an ascending impairment group (9.95%), and a consistently not impaired group (49.1%). Higher levels of maternal ADHD and relational frustration appear to be risk factors for increased EF difficulty over time, while higher family income may serve as a protective factor delaying predisposed EF impairment. Important intervention targets might include teaching positive and effective parenting strategies to mothers whose children are at risk for EF dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Lynch
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 45 W. Corry Blvd, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for ADHD, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 10006, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Yingying Xu
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jane C. Khoury
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 234 Goodman St, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, 121 South Main St, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jeffery N. Epstein
- Center for ADHD, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 10006, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Yang J, Kuang Y, Yang X, Li C, Qi M, Fu P, Zeng X. The impact of age-specific childhood body-mass index on adult cardiometabolic traits: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1159547. [PMID: 38288476 PMCID: PMC10822942 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1159547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the causal relationship between childhood body-mass index (BMI) at different ages and adult cardiometabolic traits. Methods We retrieved genetic instrument variables (IVs) for exposures (standardized BMI at newborn, infant, toddler and late childhood), cardiometabolic traits and potential confounders or mediators (adult BMI, SHBG, testosterone and age at menarche) from the corresponding genome-wide association analysis. We performed univariate and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to dissect associations between age-specific childhood BMI and adult cardiometabolic outcomes. Odds ratio was used to present the direction of the causal association. Results In univariate MR, higher newborn BMI was causally associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes in women. Late childhood BMI was associated with increased risk for female diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in general population. Among these associations, only association between late childhood BMI with MI remained significant after adjusting for adult male BMI and sex hormones, (OR = 1.120, 95% CI 1.023-1.226, p = 0.014). Besides, in multivariable MR, we found evidence for causal association between newborn BMI with reduced risk for CAD (OR = 0.862, 95% CI 0.751-0.989, p = 0.034) and MI (OR = 0.864, 95% CI 0.752-0.991, p = 0.037) in men. No obvious impact of infant or toddler BMI was identified on the above-mentioned diseases. For continuous cardiometabolic traits, in all age epochs except infant, higher BMI was associated with increased level of fasting glucose in women. Conclusion BMI at birth and late childhood exerts different impact on adult cardiometabolic diseases, while BMI at infant and toddler ages is not causally associated with these outcomes. The effect of childhood BMI may be influenced by sex disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yalan Kuang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Qi
- Division of Nephrology, The Second People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Wu Y, Hao X, Zhu K, Zheng C, Guan F, Zeng P, Wang T. Long-term adverse influence of smoking during pregnancy on height and body size of offspring at ten years old in the UK Biobank cohort. SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101506. [PMID: 37692834 PMCID: PMC10492214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the long-term relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and early childhood growth in the UK Biobank cohort. Methods To estimate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring height and body size at ten years old, we performed binary logistic analyses and reported odds ratios (OR) as well as 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). We also implemented the cross-contextual comparison study to examine whether such influence could be repeatedly observed among three different ethnicities in the UK Biobank cohort (n = 22,140 for White, n = 7094 for South Asian, and n = 5000 for Black). In particular, we conducted the sibling cohort study in White sibling cohort (n = 9953 for height and n = 7239 for body size) to control for unmeasured familial confounders. Results We discovered that children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy had greater risk of being shorter or plumper at age ten in the full UK Biobank White cohort, with 15.3% (95% CIs: 13.0%∼17.7%) higher risk for height and 32.4% (95%CIs: 29.5%∼35.4%) larger risk for body size. Similar associations were identified in the South Asian and Black ethnicities. These associations were robust and remained significant in the White sibling cohort (12.6% [95%CIs: 5.0%∼20.3%] for height and 36.1% [95%CIs: 26.3%∼45.9%] for body size) after controlling for family factors. Conclusion This study robustly confirms that maternal smoking during pregnancy can promote height deficit and obesity for offspring at ten years old. Our findings strongly encourage mothers to quit smoking during pregnancy for improving growth and development of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kexuan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Chu Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Fengjun Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Engineering Research Innovation Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
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Seyedhoseinpour A, Barzin M, Mahdavi M, Valizadeh M, Azizi F, Hosseinpanah F. Association between BMI trajectories from childhood to early adulthood and the carotid intima-media thickness in early adulthood: Tehran lipid and glucose study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2233. [PMID: 37957617 PMCID: PMC10641964 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Childhood and adolescence overweight/obesity is an important predictor of obesity and increased long-term cardiometabolic abnormalities in adulthood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) trajectories among children and adolescents with adulthood carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 1265 participants aged 3 to 18 were followed up for 18 years. By using Latent Class Growth Analysis, three groups of BMI and WC trajectory were defined; low stable, moderate-increasing, and high-increasing. Linear and logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the association of each lifetime BMI and WC trajectory group with cIMT. RESULTS Although the high-increasing BMI trajectory group was significantly associated with higher cIMT (ß=0.0464, P < 0.001), moderate-increase was not (ß=0.0096, P = 0.102); in reference to the low-stable BMI trajectory group. Among WC trajectory groups, both moderate- (ß=0.0177, P = 0.006) and high-increasing (ß=0.0533, P < 0.001), in reference to the low-stable group, were significantly associated with higher cIMT. The results did not change after adjustment for baseline BMI. The ORs of high-increasing BMI, moderate-increasing WC, and high-increasing WC trajectories were 3.24, 1.92, and 3.29, respectively for high cIMT. CONCLUSION Our study resulted that a high-increasing trajectory of childhood BMI and moderate- and high-increasing trajectories of childhood WC are associated with higher cIMT and higher risk of high-cIMT. Regular monitoring and screening of BMI and WC trajectory from childhood may improve identifying individuals with high risks of cardiovascular disease, more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Seyedhoseinpour
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Barzin
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahdavi
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Valizadeh
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Hosseinpanah
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li N, Li J, Wang H, Qiao Y, Li W, Gao M, Liu E, Yu Z, Hu G, Fang Z, Leng J, Yang X. Serum Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Risk of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Adverse Growth Patterns in Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 15:4089. [PMID: 37764871 PMCID: PMC10537007 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To estimate associations of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) in the early trimester of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and estimate associations of maternal SAAs with adverse growth patterns in offspring. METHODS We established a 1:1 matched case-control study (n = 486) from our cohort of pregnant women, and 401 children were followed up at ages 1 to 8 years. We conducted binary conditional logistic regression to estimate the risk associations of serum SAAs with GDM. Multinomial logistic regression was implemented to explore associations of maternal SAAs with adverse growth patterns in the offspring. RESULTS High serum methionine and cystine were independently associated with increased GDM risk (OR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.18-3.13 and 2.69, 1.59-4.53). Conversely, a low level of serum taurine was independently associated with increased GDM risk (2.61, 1.64-4.16). Maternal high cystine and low taurine were also associated with an increased risk of persistent obesity growth pattern (POGP) in offspring (OR: 2.79, 95%CI: 1.09-7.17 and 3.92, 1.11-13.89) and the effect was largely independent of GDM. CONCLUSIONS High serum methionine, cystine and low serum taurine in the early trimester of pregnancy were associated with a greatly increased risk of GDM. Maternal high cystine and low taurine were associated with elevated risk of offspring POGP, largely independent of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (N.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (M.G.)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (N.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (M.G.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (N.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (M.G.)
| | - Yijuan Qiao
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China; (Y.Q.); (W.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Weiqin Li
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China; (Y.Q.); (W.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (N.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (M.G.)
| | - Enqing Liu
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China; (Y.Q.); (W.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Population Cancer Research Program and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS 15000, Canada;
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Zhongze Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Project Office, Tianjin Women and Children’s Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China; (Y.Q.); (W.L.); (E.L.)
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; (N.L.); (J.L.); (H.W.); (M.G.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
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Foster BA, Latour E, Lim JY, Weinstein K. Weight trajectories and obesity remission among school-aged children. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290565. [PMID: 37729125 PMCID: PMC10511102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies examining weight trajectories have used adiposity measures shown to be problematic for trajectory analysis in children with obesity, and remission of obesity remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To describe weight trajectories for school-aged children, the rate of obesity remission and factors associated. METHODS Children between 6 and 11 years of age with ≥3 valid height and weight measurements from an Oregon hospital-system over a minimum six-month period were included. Percent distance from the median body mass index (BMI) was used for modeling. Latent class analysis and linear mixed models were used to classify children based on their weight trajectory. RESULTS We included 11,247 subjects with a median of 2.1 years of follow-up, with 1,614 (14.4%) classified as overweight and 1,794 (16.0%) classified as obese. Of subjects with obesity, 1% experienced remission during follow-up, whereas 23% of those with overweight moved to within a healthy weight range. Latent class analysis identified three classes within each weight-based stratum over time. The majority of children with overweight or obesity had a flat trajectory over time. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with a worsening trajectory. Latent class models using alternate measures (BMI, BMI z-scores, tri-ponderal mass index (TMI)) differed substantially from each other. CONCLUSIONS Obesity remission was uncommon using the adiposity metric of distance from the median though transition from overweight to healthy weight was more common. Children with low socioeconomic status have worse trajectories overall. The choice of adiposity metric may have a substantial effect on the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron A. Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University and Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Emile Latour
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jeong Youn Lim
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Weinstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
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Chang CL, Ali GB, Pham J, Dharmage SC, Lodge CJ, Tang MLK, Lowe AJ. Childhood body mass index trajectories and asthma and allergies: A systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:911-929. [PMID: 37401045 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous systematic reviews have focused on associations between single time point measures of Body Mass Index (BMI) and asthma and allergic diseases. As BMI changes dynamically during childhood, examination of associations between longitudinal trajectories in BMI and allergic diseases is needed to fully understand the nature of these relationships. OBJECTIVE To systematically synthesise the association between BMI trajectories in childhood (0-18 years) and allergic diseases (asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis, or food allergies outcomes). DESIGN We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines, and two independent reviewers assessed the study quality using the ROBINS-E and GRADE tools. A narrative synthesis was performed as the statistical heterogeneity did not allow a meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES A search was performed on PubMed and EMBASE databases on 4th January 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Longitudinal cohort studies assessing the associations between childhood BMI trajectories and allergic diseases were included. RESULTS Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 37,690 participants between 0 and 53 years of age. Ten studies examined asthma outcomes, three assessed association with allergic rhinitis, two assessed eczema, and one assessed food allergy. High heterogeneity and high risk of bias were observed. Overall, the quality of evidence was very low. Nevertheless, two consistent findings were identified: (1) a persistently high BMI between 6 and 10 years of age may be associated with an increased risk of asthma at 18 years and (2) a rapid increase in BMI in the first 2 years of life may be associated with subsequent asthma. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining a normal BMI trajectory during childhood may reduce the risk of asthma. Future research that adequately addresses confounding and includes longer-term follow-up is needed. Moreover, additional studies examining potential associations with eczema, food allergies, and allergic rhinitis outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Chang
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gulshan Bano Ali
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan Pham
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Service, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gupta M, Phan TLT, Lê-Scherban F, Eckrich D, Bunnell HT, Beheshti R. Associations of longitudinal BMI percentile classification patterns in early childhood with neighborhood-level social determinants of health. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.08.23291145. [PMID: 37398451 PMCID: PMC10312866 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.23291145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Understanding social determinants of health (SDOH) that may be risk factors for childhood obesity is important to developing targeted interventions to prevent obesity. Prior studies have examined these risk factors, mostly examining obesity as a static outcome variable. Objectives This study aimed to identify distinct subpopulations based on BMI percentile classification or changes in BMI percentile classifications over time and explore these longitudinal associations with neighborhood-level SDOH factors in children from 0 to 7 years of age. Methods Using Latent Class Growth (Mixture) Modelling (LCGMM) we identify distinct BMI% classification groups in children from 0 to 7 years of age. We used multinomial logistic regression to study associations between SDOH factors with each BMI% classification group. Results From the study cohort of 36,910 children, five distinct BMI% classification groups emerged: always having obesity (n=429; 1.16%), overweight most of the time (n=15,006; 40.65%), increasing BMI% (n=9,060; 24.54%), decreasing BMI% (n=5,058; 13.70%), and always normal weight (n=7,357; 19.89%). Compared to children in the decreasing BMI% and always normal weight groups, children in the other three groups were more likely to live in neighborhoods with higher rates of poverty, unemployment, crowded households, and single-parent households, and lower rates of preschool enrollment. Conclusions Neighborhood-level SDOH factors have significant associations with children's BMI% classification and changes in classification over time. This highlights the need to develop tailored obesity interventions for different groups to address the barriers faced by communities that can impact the weight and health of the children living within them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Gupta
- Computer & Info. Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Félice Lê-Scherban
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Rahmatollah Beheshti
- Computer & Info. Sciences, and Epidemiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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10
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Yoshinaga M, Takahashi H, Ito Y, Aoki M, Miyazaki A, Kubo T, Shinomiya M, Horigome H, Tokuda M, Lin L, Ogata H, Nagashima M. Developmental trajectories at a high risk for childhood overweight/obesity. Pediatr Int 2023; 65:e15425. [PMID: 36416571 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between developmental patterns (trajectories) in children and maternal factors have been widely investigated, but paternal effects on these trajectories are unclear. This study aimed to determine child and parental factors involved in developmental trajectories at high risk for causing adverse cardiovascular (CV) profiles in children. METHODS We analyzed longitudinal anthropometric data from birth to the present and CV profiles of 1,832 healthy volunteers (51% girls) aged 3-15 years who participated in a nationwide study between July 2012 and January 2014. Six trajectory latent class growth models were developed using body mass index z- scores. Predictors for being in developmental trajectories at high risk for causing adverse CV profiles were determined by multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS The mean±standard deviation number of anthropometric data points was 12±3 for both boys and girls. Among the six trajectories, the infantile onset and continual increase groups had significantly worse levels of many CV profiles than those in the remaining groups. Paternal overweight/obesity was an independent predictor for boys being in the infantile onset group and for girls being in the continual increase group. Additionally, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity in boys and maternal excessive gestational weight gain in girls were independent predictors for being in the infantile onset group. Having no sibling in boys and an older maternal age were independent predictors for being in the continual increase group. CONCLUSIONS Interventions to prevent childhood obesity should include strategies that focus on fathers and mothers as well as those that focus on children with certain types of familial background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Yoshinaga
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan.,Orange Medical and Welfare Center for Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities, Kirishima, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiya Ito
- Clinical Medicine Area, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitami, Japan
| | - Machiko Aoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Aoki Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular and Pediatrics Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayumi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Japan Community Health Care Organization Takaoka Fushiki Hospital, Takaoka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kubo
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Shinomiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nishifuna Naika, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Horigome
- Department of Child Health, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Lisheng Lin
- Department of Child Health, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Ogata
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Japan
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11
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Lim S, Harrison C, Callander E, Walker R, Teede H, Moran L. Addressing Obesity in Preconception, Pregnancy, and Postpartum: A Review of the Literature. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:405-414. [PMID: 36318371 PMCID: PMC9729313 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Reproductive-aged women (aged 19 to 50 years) are a key population warranting focused research for the prevention of overweight and obesity. This review highlights the importance of addressing weight before, during and after pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity decreases fertility during the preconception period; increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and caesarean section and postpartum weight retention; and increases the long-term health risks for both the mother and offspring. Despite overwhelming efficacy evidence on solutions, there are significant implementation gaps in translating this evidence into pragmatic models of care and real-world solutions. Interventions during preconception, pregnancy and postpartum are likely to be cost-effective or cost-saving, with future investigation needed in the preconception and postpartum period. International clinical guidelines and public health policies are needed for a concerted effort to prevent unhealthy weight gain in these life stages and to reverse the significant adverse health outcomes for women and the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Health Systems and Equity, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Boxhill, VIC, Australia
| | - Cheryce Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily Callander
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruth Walker
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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12
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Romano ME, Heggeseth BC, Gallagher LG, Botelho JC, Calafat AM, Gilbert-Diamond D, Karagas MR. Gestational per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and infant body mass index trajectory in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114418. [PMID: 36162478 PMCID: PMC9841894 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmentally persistent, potential metabolic disruptors of concern for infants. Mothers participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) provided a plasma sample during pregnancy to measure concentrations of seven PFAS, and infant weight and length were abstracted from well-child visits between birth and 12 months. Sex-specific growth patterns of child body mass index (BMI) were fit using a growth mixture model (GMM) and the relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) for the association of maternal plasma PFAS with BMI growth patterns during infancy were estimated by using multinomial logistic model for the group probabilities in the GMM. Four growth patterns were identified: Group 1) a steep increase in BMI during the first 6 months, then a leveling off; Group 2) a gradual increase in BMI across the year; Group 3) a steep increase in BMI during months 1-3, then stable BMI; and Group 4) a gradual increase in BMI with plateau around 3 months (reference group). For boys, higher maternal pregnancy perfluorooctanoate concentrations were associated with a 60% decreased chance of being in group 3 as compared to group 4, after adjusting for potential confounding variables (RRR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.9). For girls, higher maternal perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentrations during pregnancy were associated with a higher likelihood of following the growth pattern of groups 2 (RRR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.0, 6.1) and 3 (RRR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.6) as compared to group 4, adjusting for potential confounding variables. In this cohort, sex-specific associations of maternal plasma PFAS concentrations during pregnancy with growth patterns during the first year of life were observed, with greater BMI growth observed among infant girls born to mothers with higher pregnancy concentrations of PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Brianna C Heggeseth
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Lisa G Gallagher
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
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13
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Bander A, Murphy-Alford AJ, Owino VO, Loechl CU, Wells JC, Gluning I, Kerac M. Childhood BMI and other measures of body composition as a predictor of cardiometabolic non-communicable diseases in adulthood: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:1-28. [PMID: 36274635 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002200235x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is growing evidence that childhood malnutrition is associated with non-communicable diseases (NCD) in adulthood and that body composition mediates some of this association. This review aims to determine if childhood body composition can be used to predict later-life cardiometabolic NCD and which measures of body composition predicts future NCD. DESIGN Electronic databases were searched for articles where: children aged under 5 years had body composition measured; cardiometabolic health outcomes were measured a minimum of 10 years later. SETTING The databases Embase, Medline and Global Health were searched through July 2020. PARTICIPANTS Children aged under 5 years with a follow-up of minimum 10 years. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Though a poor proxy measure of body composition, body mass index (BMI) was commonly reported (n 28, 97 %). 25 % of these studies included an additional measure (ponderal index or skinfold thickness). Few studies adjusted for current body size (n 11, 39 %). CONCLUSIONS Many studies reported that low infant BMI and high childhood BMI were associated with an increased risk of NCD-related outcomes in later life but no conclusions can be made about the exact timing of child malnutrition and consequent impact on NCD. Because studies focussed on BMI rather than direct measures of body composition, nothing can be said about which measures of body composition in childhood are most useful. Future research on child nutrition and long-term outcomes is urgently needed and should include validated body composition assessments as well as standard anthropometric and BMI measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Bander
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, LondonWC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Alexia J Murphy-Alford
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victor O Owino
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia U Loechl
- Nutritional and Health Related Environmental Studies Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Ck Wells
- Population, Policy and Practice Research Teaching Department, University College London, London, UK
| | - Imara Gluning
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Marko Kerac
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, LondonWC1E 7HT, UK
- Centre for Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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14
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Ren Z, Sun W, Shan S, Hou L, Zhu S, Yi Q, Wu Y, Guo C, Liu J, Song P. Risk of functional disability associated with solid fuel use and population impact of reducing indoor air pollution in China: A national cohort study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:976614. [PMID: 36262231 PMCID: PMC9575675 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.976614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In China, numerous people still rely on solid fuel for household use. To date, the association between household solid fuel use and functional disability, and what benefit reducing household solid fuel usage could bring at the population level to China remain unclear. Method Data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Household fuel was classified as clean or solid for cooking or heating. Functional disability was defined as difficulties in any item of activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The associations of household fuel use in 2011 and its transitions between 2011 and 2013 with subsequent ADL or IADL disability were assessed with Cox proportional-hazards models. The number of events prevented in a population (NEPP) was generated to estimate how many functionally disabled patients could be prevented by reducing solid fuel usage. Results A total of 6,216 and 9,716 participants without prior ADL or IADL disability in 2011 were included. Solid (vs. clean) fuel users were more likely to develop ADL and IADL disability, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1.37 (1.28~1.45) and 1.38 (1.31~1.46) for using both solid cooking and heating fuel. Furthermore, participants that switched heating fuel from solid to clean (vs. keep solid) were about 20% less likely to develop functional disability. Cooking fuel use switching from solid to clean (vs. keep solid) was also negatively associated with IADL disability (HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.74~0.96). Over the next 7 years, raising clean fuel usage to 80% could prevent about 4.9 million ADL disability and 2.6 million IADL disability among Chinese aged 45 and older. Conclusion Household solid fuel use was a risk factor for functional disability. Reducing solid fuel usage could help reduce the burden of functional disability in the current aging society of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Ren
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidi Sun
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Shan
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leying Hou
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Zhu
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yi
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - You Wu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, China,APEC Health Science Academy (HeSAY), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China,Jufen Liu
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Peige Song
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15
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Gray LA, Breeze PR, Williams EA. BMI trajectories, morbidity, and mortality in England: a two-step approach to estimating consequences of changes in BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1898-1907. [PMID: 35920148 PMCID: PMC9546036 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE BMI is known to have an association with morbidities and mortality. Many studies have argued that identifying health risks using single BMI measures has limitations, particularly in older adults, and that changes in BMI can help to identify risks. This study identifies distinct BMI trajectories and their association with the risks of a range of morbidities and mortality. METHODS The English Longitudinal Study of Aging provides data on BMI, mortality, and morbidities between 1998 and 2015, sampled from adults over 50 years of age. This study uses a growth-mixture model and discrete-time survival analysis, combined using a two-step approach, which is novel in this setting, to the authors' knowledge. RESULTS This study identified four trajectories: "stable overweight," "elevated BMI," "increasing BMI," and "decreasing BMI." No differences in mortality, cancer, or stroke risk were found between these trajectories. BMI trajectories were significantly associated with the risks of diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and heart problems. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the importance of looking at change in BMI alongside most recent BMI; BMI trajectories should be considered where possible when assessing health risks. The results suggest that established BMI thresholds should not be used in isolation to identify health risks, particularly in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Gray
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Healthy Lifespan InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Penny R. Breeze
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Healthy Lifespan InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Elizabeth A. Williams
- Healthy Lifespan InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
- Department of Oncology and MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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16
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Association of childhood BMI trajectory with post-adolescent and adult lung function is mediated by pre-adolescent DNA methylation. Respir Res 2022; 23:194. [PMID: 35906571 PMCID: PMC9335987 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI) has been shown to be associated with lung function. Recent findings showed that DNA methylation (DNAm) variation is likely to be a consequence of changes in BMI. However, whether DNAm mediates the association of BMI with lung function is unknown. We examined the mediating role of DNAm on the association of pre-adolescent BMI trajectories with post-adolescent and adulthood lung function (forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC). Methods Analyses were undertaken in the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOWBC). Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to infer latent BMI trajectories from age 1 to 10 years. An R package, ttscreening, was applied to identify CpGs at 10 years potentially associated with BMI trajectories for each sex. Linear regressions were implemented to further screen CpGs for their association with lung function at 18 years. Path analysis, stratified by sex, was applied to each screened CpG to assess its role of mediation. Internal validation was applied to further examine the mediation consistency of the detected CpGs based on lung function at 26 years. Mendelian randomization (MR-base) was used to test possible causal effects of the identified CpGs. Results Two BMI trajectories (high vs. low) were identified. Of the 442,475 CpG sites, 18 CpGs in males and 33 in females passed screening. Eight CpGs in males and 16 CpGs in females (none overlapping) were identified as mediators. For subjects with high BMI trajectory, high DNAm at all CpGs in males were associated with decreased lung function, while 8 CpGs in females were associated with increased lung function at 18 years. At 26 years, 6 CpGs in males and 14 CpGs in females showed the same direction of indirect effects as those at 18 years. DNAm at CpGs cg19088553 (GRIK2) and cg00612625 (HPSE2) showed a potential causal effect on FEV1. Conclusions The effects of BMI trajectory in early childhood on post-adolescence lung function were likely to be mediated by pre-adolescence DNAm in both males and females, but such mediation effects were likely to diminish over time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02089-4.
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17
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Namirembe G, Ghosh S, Ausman LM, Shrestha R, Zaharia S, Bashaasha B, Kabunga N, Agaba E, Mezzano J, Webb P. Child stunting starts in utero: Growth trajectories and determinants in Ugandan infants. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022; 18:e13359. [PMID: 35488408 PMCID: PMC9218325 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Childhood stunting remains a public health burden worldwide. Although many studies have examined early life and in‐utero risk factors; most have been observational and have used analytic techniques that make inferences limited to population means, thereby obscuring important within‐group variations. This study addressed that important gap. Using data from a birth cohort of Ugandan infants (n = 4528), we applied group‐based trajectory modelling to assess diverse patterns of growth among children from birth to 1‐year old. A multinomial regression model was conducted to understand the relationship between risk factors and observed patterns across groups. We found that the onset of stunting occurred before birth and followed four distinct growth patterns: chronically stunted (Group 1), recovery (Group 2), borderline stunted (Group 3) and normal (Group 4). The average length‐for‐age z‐score (LAZ) at birth was −2.6, −3.9, −0.6 and 0.5 for Groups 1–4, respectively. Although both Groups 1 and 2 were stunted at birth, stunting persisted in Group 1 while children in Group 2 recovered by the fourth month. Group 3 exhibited mild stunting while Group 4 was normal. Wasting and underweight were observed in all groups, with the highest prevalence of underweight in Group 1. Wasting gradually increased among children born already stunted (Groups 1 and 2). This showed the importance of distinguishing children by their growth patterns rather than aggregating them and only comparing population averages against global growth standards. The design of nutrition interventions should consider the differential factors and potential for growth gains relative to different risks within each group. In a sample of Ugandan infants, the onset of stunting occurred in utero and set in motion a range of possible growth trajectories for the child after birth. Child growth can be characterised by diverse patterns that suggest temporal variations in children's growth. This provides an opportunity for policymakers to provide specialised and targeted nutrition interventions. Addressing low birth weight, preterm births and small‐for‐gestational‐age is critical to effectively reduce rates of stunting in rural Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Namirembe
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Shibani Ghosh
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Lynne M. Ausman
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Robin Shrestha
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Sonia Zaharia
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Bernard Bashaasha
- Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Nassul Kabunga
- Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Edgar Agaba
- Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Julieta Mezzano
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition Boston Massachusetts USA
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18
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Bichteler A, Barton JM, Lumeng JC, Gershoff ET. Patterns of Childhood Body Mass Index Percentile Gains as Predictors of Adolescent Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Blood Pressure. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:769-776. [PMID: 34861461 PMCID: PMC9156720 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether patterns of body mass index (BMI) percentile gains across childhood predict BMI percentile, overweight and obesity, waist circumference, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure at age 15. METHODS Trained technicians in the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development assessed children's weight and height from birth to 15 years and waist circumference and blood pressure at age 15 (n = 1132). Children's BMI percentile trajectories from age 2 to age 13 along with 28 demographic and social covariates were used to predict BMI percentile, waist circumference, overweight, obesity, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure. Linear and logistic regressions were used to predict BMI percentile, overweight, obesity, waist circumference, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure. RESULTS Children were classified into one"?>1 of 4four"?> BMI percentile trajectories: "low stable" (28.4%), "low-to-high" (11.8%), "median stable" (29.0%), and "high rising" (30.7%). Children in trajectory classes characterized by persistent above average BMI percentile or by periods of rapid BMI percentile gains were more likely than their peers to experience poor weight and elevated or prehypertensive outcomes in adolescence. Trajectory class membership explained substantially more variance in adolescent health outcomes than demographic covariates alone. Estimated maternal BMI was a key independent predictor of adolescent outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Different patterns of BMI percentile gains, namely those with rapid gains or persistently above average BMI percentile, from ages 2 to 13 predicted weight, waist circumference, and elevated or prehypertensive blood pressure at age 15, above and beyond demographic and social characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bichteler
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin (A Bichteler and ET Gershoff), Austin, Tex
| | - Jennifer M Barton
- Family Resiliency Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (JM Barton), Urbana, Ill.
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Elizabeth T Gershoff
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin (A Bichteler and ET Gershoff), Austin, Tex
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19
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Longitudinal body mass index trajectories at preschool age: children with rapid growth have differential composition of the gut microbiota in the first year of life. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1351-1358. [PMID: 35428865 PMCID: PMC9239911 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objective The steep rise in childhood obesity has emerged as a worldwide public health problem. The first 4 years of life are a critical window where long-term developmental patterns of body mass index (BMI) are established and a critical period for microbiota maturation. Understanding how the early-life microbiota relate to preschool growth may be useful for identifying preventive interventions for childhood obesity. We aim to investigate whether longitudinal shifts within the bacterial community between 3 months and 1 year of life are associated with preschool BMI z-score trajectories. Methods BMI trajectories from birth to 5 years of age were identified using group-based trajectory modeling in 3059 children. Their association with familial and environmental factors were analyzed. Infant gut microbiota at 3 months and 1 year was defined by 16S RNA sequencing and changes in diversity and composition within each BMIz trajectory were analyzed. Results Four BMIz trajectories were identified: low stable, normative, high stable, and rapid growth. Infants in the rapid growth trajectory were less likely to have been breastfed, and gained less microbiota diversity in the first year of life. Relative abundance of Akkermansia increased with age in children with stable growth, but decreased in those with rapid growth, abundance of Ruminococcus and Clostridium at 1 year were elevated in children with rapid growth. Children who were breastfed at 6 months had increased levels of Sutterella, and decreased levels of Ruminococcus and Clostridium. Conclusion This study provides new insights into the relationship between the gut microbiota in infancy and patterns of growth in a cohort of preschool Canadian children. We highlight that rapid growth since birth is associated with bacteria shown in animal models to have a causative role in weight gain. Our findings support a novel avenue of research targeted on tangible interventions to reduce childhood obesity.
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20
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Breastfeeding on childhood obesity in children were large-for-gestational age: retrospective study from birth to 4 years. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4226. [PMID: 35273323 PMCID: PMC8913603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to assess effects of breast-feeding (BF) in the association between large-for-gestational age (LGA) and body mass index (BMI) trajectories on childhood overweight from 1 to 4 years old. A total of 1649 healthcare records of mother–child pairs had detailed records of feeding practices and were included in this retrospective cohort study. Data were available in Medical Birth Registry of Xiamen between January 2011 and March 2018. Linear and logistic regression models were used to access the difference between BF and no-BF group. For offspring were LGA and BF was significantly associated with a lower BMI Z-score from 1 to 4 years old after adjustment confounders in Model 1 to 3 [difference in BMI Z-score in Model 1: estimated β: −0.07 [95%CI: −0.13 to −0.01]; Model 2: estimated β: −0.07 (−0.13 to −0.004); Model 3: estimated β: −0.06 (−0.12 to −0.001); P = 0.0221, 0.0371, 0.0471]. A significantly lower risk of childhood overweight was observed in Model 1 [odd ratio (OR): 0.85 (95%CI, 0.73 to 1.00)], P = 0.0475) with adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Furthermore, Model 2 and Model 3 showed LGA-BF infants had a lower risk for childhood overweight then LGA-no-BF infants [OR: 0.87 and 0.87 (95%CI, 0.73 to 1.03; 0.74 to 1.03)], however, there was no statistical significance (P = 0.1099, and 0.1125)]. BF is inversely related to BMI Z-score and risk for overweight in children were LGA from 1 to 4 years old. Adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, the protective association between BF and childhood overweight was more significant.
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Nanishi M, Fujiogi M, Stevenson M, Liang L, Qi YS, Raita Y, Hasegawa K, Camargo CA. Association of Growth Trajectory Profiles with Asthma Development in Infants Hospitalized with Bronchiolitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:723-731.e5. [PMID: 34788659 PMCID: PMC9239901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship of longitudinal growth trajectory in early life with asthma development, particularly in infants with bronchiolitis (a high-risk population). OBJECTIVE Among infants with bronchiolitis, we aimed to identify growth trajectory profiles and determine their longitudinal relationship with the risk for developing childhood asthma. METHODS A multicenter prospective study enrolled infants (aged <1 year) hospitalized for bronchiolitis. We identified growth trajectory profiles-derived from body mass index-for-age at ages 0, 6, 12, 15, 18, 24, and 36 months by using a longitudinal clustering method. We examined associations between growth trajectory profiles and asthma development by age 5 years. RESULTS The analytic cohort consists of 880 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis (median age, 3 months). Overall, 26% developed asthma by age 5 years. The longitudinal clustering identified 5 distinct profiles: persistent low growth (27%), normative growth (33%), transient overweight (21%), late-onset overweight (16%), and persistent obesity (3%) profiles. In multivariable model, compared with children with a normative profile, those with a persistent obesity profile had significantly higher risks of developing asthma (24% vs 38%, odds ratio [OR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-6.09, P = .03). Among children with a persistent obesity profile, those without allergic predisposition had significantly higher risks of asthma (OR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.05-8.64, P = .04 in the nonparental allergic history group; OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.02-9.92, P = .047 in the non-IgE sensitization group), whereas those with allergic predisposition were not at increased risk. CONCLUSIONS This multicenter cohort study of infants with bronchiolitis demonstrated distinct growth trajectory profiles that have differential risks for developing asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Nanishi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Michimasa Fujiogi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ying Shelly Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yoshihiko Raita
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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22
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Chang CL, Ali GB, Lodge CJ, Abramson MJ, Erbas B, Tang MLK, Svanes C, Bui DS, Dharmage SC, Lowe AJ. Associations between Body Mass Index Trajectories in the first two years of life and Allergic Rhinitis, Eczema and Food Allergy outcomes up to early adulthood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13765. [PMID: 35338730 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life body mass index (BMI) trajectories influence the risk of asthma at 18 years of age. However, it is unclear if these are also associated with other allergic diseases. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations between BMI trajectories and subsequent allergic rhinitis, eczema and food sensitisation/allergies. METHODS Parent-reported anthropometric data were collected 18 times in the first two years of life from a cohort of 620 participants in a high-risk cohort. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to develop BMI trajectories. Associations between trajectories and allergic rhinitis, eczema and food sensitisation at 6, 12 and 18 years of age were assessed using logistic regression models. Potential effect modifications by parental allergic disease, sex and allocated infant formula were assessed. RESULTS We identified five BMI trajectories: average, below average, persistently low, early low and catch up, and persistently high. None showed an association with allergic rhinitis. In participants with maternal allergic rhinitis, 'early-low and catch-up' (OR = 2.83;95%CI 1.34-5.96, Pint = 0.05) and 'below average' trajectories (OR = 2.39; 1.18-7.23, Pint = 0.02) were associated with allergic rhinitis at 18 years of age compared with the average trajectory. No associations were observed with eczema or food sensitisation. CONCLUSION Infants with early-low and catch-up, or below average BMI growth, were at increased risk of allergic rhinitis at 18 years if they had a mother with allergic rhinitis. These results require replication, but suggest that interactions between poor intrauterine growth, failure to thrive and maternal allergies may influence the risk of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Chang
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gulshan Bano Ali
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Allergy Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dinh Son Bui
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gao H, Wang YF, Wang ZW, Wang Y, Tao FB. Prenatal phthalate exposure associated with age-specific alterations in markers of adiposity in offspring: A systematic review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113247. [PMID: 35093812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity and metabolic disorders are of concern and are public health problems globally. Environmental endocrine disruptors, including phthalates, are well known as "obesogens" and "metabolic disruptors". Several studies have investigated the relationships between prenatal phthalate exposure and childhood obesity with inconsistent conclusions. Given the child growth trajectory/pattern as a possible early marker of metabolic disorders, we aimed to assess the effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on offspring growth trajectory. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed), Web of Science, and CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) until July 2021. We evaluated the risk of bias for adherence to the prespecified criteria. Fourteen eligible articles were finally included in this systematic review according to the defined PECOS statement. The risk of bias of the included studies was "low" or "probably low", and few were "probably high" and "high". These studies were mostly carried out in the United States (N = 6); others were conducted in China (N = 2), Mexico (N = 2), France (N = 1), Spain (N = 1), Greece (N = 1), and Australia (N = 1) and published from 2015 to 2021. The combined subjects of the 14 studies were 10,396 mother-child pairs. Except for 3 studies not reporting the sex ratio, at least 4001 boys and 3366 girls were included. For the association of prenatal phthalate exposure with an absolute adiposity marker (at a specific visit timepoint), only a few studies were using the same obesity marker as the outcome endpoint and using the same statistical method to explore their associations. However, MEP appeared to be positively associated with several obesity markers, such as the absolute BMI z score, weight-for-age z score, waist circumference, and overweight status. For the association of prenatal phthalate exposure with a repeated measurement of the adiposity marker over the age range, neither associations of adiposity markers with a specific phthalate metabolite nor relationships of a specific adiposity marker with prenatal phthalate exposure were of a consistent result. All four articles reported that phthalate metabolite exposure during pregnancy was associated with children's growth trajectory. Three suggested a sex-specific association between prenatal phthalate exposure and obesity trajectory. In conclusion, the current articles did not show any relationship between prenatal phthalate exposure and children's age-specific outcomes, except for positive associations of prenatal MEP exposure with absolute adiposity markers. However, epidemiological data supported a weak relationship between prenatal phthalate exposure and children's obesity trajectory in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Ya-Fei Wang
- Nursing Department, Anhui Medical College, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Ali GB, Lowe AJ, Perret JL, Walters EH, Lodge CJ, Johns D, James A, Erbas B, Hamilton GS, Bowatte G, Wood-Baker R, Abramson MJ, Bui DS, Dharmage SC. Impact of lifetime body mass index trajectories on the incidence and persistence of adult asthma. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02286-2021. [PMID: 35210325 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02286-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High body mass index trajectories from childhood to adulthood are associated with development of some chronic diseases, but whether such trajectories influence adult asthma has not been investigated to date. Therefore, we investigated associations between body mass index trajectories from childhood to middle age (5-43 years) and incidence, persistence, and relapse of asthma from ages 43 to 53 years. METHODS In the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (n= 4194), weight and height were recorded at 8-time points between 5 and 43 years. body mass index trajectories were developed using group-based trajectory modelling. Associations between body mass index trajectories and asthma incidence, persistence, and relapse from 43 to 53 years; bronchial hyper-responsiveness at 50 years; and bronchodilator responsiveness at 53 years were modelled using multiple logistic and linear regression. RESULTS Five distinct body mass index trajectories were identified: average, low, high, child high-decreasing, and child average-increasing. Compared to the average trajectory, child average-increasing and high trajectories were associated with increased risk of incident asthma (OR=2.6; 95%CI 1.1, 6.6 and OR=4.4; 1.7, 11.4, respectively) and bronchial hyper-responsiveness in middle age (OR= 2.9; 1.1, 7.5 and OR= 3.5;1.1, 11.4, respectively). No associations were observed for asthma persistence or relapse. CONCLUSION Participants with child average-increasing and high body mass index trajectories from childhood to middle age were at higher risk of incident adult asthma. Thus, encouraging individuals to maintain normal body mass index over the life course may help reduce the burden of adult asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Bano Ali
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep (IBAS), Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Haydn Walters
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Johns
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Alan James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Garun S Hamilton
- Sleep Medicine Research at Monash Medical Centre, Department of Lung and Sleep, Clayton, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dinh S Bui
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Equal Senior Authors
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia .,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Equal Senior Authors
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Late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity predicts low self-esteem in early adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:31. [PMID: 34991549 PMCID: PMC8740381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background How weight status changes with time may affect self-esteem was seldom studied. We identified the distinct trajectories of overweight/obesity over age and assessed their associations with different domains of self-esteem in Hong Kong Chinese children. Methods Territory-wide longitudinal data of 48,558 children (girls: 50.0%; 6.3 ± 0.51 years) studying Primary 1 in the academic cohorts of 1995/96 and 1996/97 followed till Primary 6 were obtained from the Student Health Service of Hong Kong. Weight was annually measured and categorized as underweight/normal and overweight/obese and self-esteem was measured in Primary 6. Distinct trajectories of weight status were first identified using growth mixture modeling and their associations with low self-esteem were assessed by logistic regression. Results Four distinct overweight/obesity trajectories were identified: never (76.8%), late-onset (8.1%), early-onset (4.2%) and chronic (10.9%) overweight/obesity. Compared with children who were never overweight/obese, more of those in the late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity group showed low self-esteem and specific domains including general, social and academic/school-related (adjusted odds ratios: 1.20 - 1.43, all P < 0.001) except parent/home-related self-esteem (P = 0.36), whereas children being in the early-onset overweight/obesity group showed no significant difference (P ≥ 0.53) except a lower risk of low social self-esteem (adjusted odds ratio = 0.82, P = 0.03). Conclusions Late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity predicted low general, social and academic/school-related self-esteem. Children who successfully reduced weight may have equal levels of self-esteem or even better social self-esteem than those being always underweight/normal weight. Overweight/obese children had a vulnerability to self-esteem in non-domestic environments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12381-5.
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Zhu BB, Gao H, Geng ML, Wu X, Tong J, Deng F, Zhang SY, Wu LH, Huang K, Wu XY, Gan H, Zhu P, Tao FB. Sex Discrepancy Observed for Gestational Metabolic Syndrome Parameters and Polygenic Risk Associated With Preschoolers' BMI Growth Trajectory: The Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:857711. [PMID: 35846310 PMCID: PMC9283700 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.857711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the associations of childhood growth trajectories with the prenatal metabolic risks of mothers and their interaction with children's genetic susceptibility. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of gestational metabolic syndrome (GMS) risks and children's polygenic risk scores (PRSs), and their interaction effect on the BMI trajectory and obesity risk of offspring from birth to 6 years of age. METHODS A total of 2,603 mother-child pairs were recruited from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (Anhui Province of China) study. Data on maternal prepregnancy obesity, gestational weight gain (GWG), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) were used to evaluate maternal GMS risk. In addition, 1,482 cord blood samples were used to genotype 11 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to calculate children's PRSs. The latent class growth model using the longitudinal BMI-for-age z scores (BMIz) was applied to validly capture the BMIz growth trajectory. RESULTS Maternal GMS status was associated with higher BMIz scores and with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. Positive relationships were revealed between PRS and the risk of overweight/obesity among girls. Additionally, maternal GMS significantly interacted with the child's PRS on BMIz scores and the risk of overweight/obesity among girls. Hierarchical BMI trajectory graphs by different exposure groups showed consistent findings, and both boys' and girls' BMIz trajectories were divided into three groups. Among girls, the higher the GMS risk or PRS they had, the higher the probability of being in the high BMIz trajectory group. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GMS status increased BMIz scores and the risk of obesity in both boys and girls and elevated the child's BMI trajectory from birth to 6 years of age among girls. PRSs were significantly associated with children's BMI trajectory and the risk of obesity and modified the associations between maternal GMS status and obesity biomarkers only among girls. Thus, regarding childhood obesity, steps should be taken to decrease maternal metabolic risks before and during pregnancy, and sex discrepancies should be noted to identify high-risk populations after birth to hierarchically manage them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-bei Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, (Anhui Medical University), National Health Commission of the People’s Republic China, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-long Geng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiulong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fen Deng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Si-ying Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-hong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-yan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Gan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Fang-biao Tao,
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Ji Y, Zhao X, Feng Y, Qu Y, Liu Y, Wu S, Wu Y, Xue F, Liu Y. Body mass index trajectory from childhood to puberty and high blood pressure: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055099. [PMID: 34824123 PMCID: PMC8627396 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of childhood hypertension is rising in parallel with the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in children. How growth trajectories from childhood to puberty relate to high blood pressure (HBP) is not well defined. We aimed to characterise potential body mass index (BMI) dynamic changing trajectories from childhood to puberty and investigate their association with HBP. DESIGN A dynamic prospective cohort. SETTING China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991-2015. PARTICIPANTS There were 1907 participants (1027 men and 880 women) in this study. OUTCOMES The primary outcome was HBP defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) exceeding the standards or diagnosis by medical records or taking antihypertensive medication. RESULTS A model of cubic parameters with three groups was chosen, labelled as normal increasing group (85.16%, n=1624), high increasing group (9.81%, n=187) and resolving group (5.03%, n=96). Compared with the normal increasing group, the unadjusted HRs (95% CIs) for the resolving and high increasing groups were 0.91 (0.45 to 1.86) and 1.88 (1.26 to 2.81), respectively. After adjusting for baseline age, region, sex, baseline BMI z-score, baseline SBP and baseline DBP in model 3, the HRs (95% CIs) for the resolving and high increasing groups were 0.66 (0.30 to 1.45) and 1.56 (1.02 to 2.38). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the BMI trajectories from childhood to puberty have significant impact on HBP risk. Puberty is a crucial period for the development of HBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjuan Zhao
- Department of gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Care of Shandong Province, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlin Qu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Lovinsky-Desir S, Lussier SJ, Calatroni A, Gergen PJ, Rivera-Spoljaric K, Bacharier LB, De A, O'Connor GT, Sandel MT, Wood RA, Arteaga-Solis E, Gern JE, Kattan M. Trajectories of adiposity indicators and association with asthma and lung function in urban minority children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1219-1226.e7. [PMID: 34166677 PMCID: PMC8578316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relationship between adiposity and asthma has been described in some cohort studies, but little is known about trajectories of adiposity throughout early childhood among children at high risk for developing asthma in urban United States cities. Moreover, early life trajectories of adipokines that have metabolic and immunologic properties have not been comprehensively investigated. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to characterize trajectories of adiposity in a longitudinal birth cohort of predominately Black and Latinx children (n = 418) using several different repeated measures including body mass index (BMI) z score, bioimpedance analysis, leptin, and adiponectin in the first 10 years of life. METHODS In a longitudinal birth cohort of predominately Black and Latinx children, we used repeated annual measures of BMI, bioimpedance analysis (ie, percentage of body fat), leptin, and adiponectin to create trajectories across the first 10 years of life. Across those trajectories, we compared asthma diagnosis and multiple lung function outcomes, including spirometry, impulse oscillometry, and methacholine response. RESULTS Three trajectories were observed for BMI z score, bioimpedance analysis, and leptin and 2 for adiponectin. There was no association between trajectories of BMI, percentage of body fat, leptin, or adipokine and asthma diagnosis or lung function (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Trajectories of adiposity were not associated with asthma or lung function in children at high risk for developing asthma. Risk factors related to geography as well as social and demographic factors unique to specific populations could explain the lack of association and should be considered in obesity and asthma studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
| | | | | | - Peter J Gergen
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Md
| | - Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Aliva De
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - George T O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Megan T Sandel
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert A Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, Md
| | - Emilio Arteaga-Solis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - James E Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis
| | - Meyer Kattan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
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29
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Childhood waist growth curves and adult diabetes. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:656-662. [PMID: 34551850 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Our primary objectives are to empirically identify distinct childhood groups based on trajectories of waist circumference (WC) and waist circumference index measurements, and then to estimate associations between these groups and adult diabetes incidence, as well as other outcomes, including blood pressure, body size, body composition, and hemoglobin levels. Childhood WC and height measurements as well as various adult measurements are taken from participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study. Childhood groups are identified using group-based trajectory modeling. Associations between the resulting group probabilities and adult outcomes are examined using mixed models. Our results show that distinct childhood groups are identifiable for both waist size measurements, with growth curves exhibited by these groups becoming distinguishably separate at around 4 years of age. Higher probabilities for groups exhibiting the larger waist size for either measurement were estimated to have higher risks of developing diabetes in adulthood. Associations were also observed between group probabilities and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and various anthropomorphic measurements, with most associations consistently occurring in early adulthood. These findings expand upon the existing literature, showing that childhood trends in waist size, distinguishable at ages as early as 4 years, are associated with adult Type-2 diabetes.
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Yang YD, Xie M, Zeng Y, Yuan S, Tang H, Dong Y, Zou Z, Dong B, Wang Z, Ye X, Hong X, Xiao Q, Ma J. Impact of short-term change of adiposity on risk of high blood pressure in children: Results from a follow-up study in China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257144. [PMID: 34506546 PMCID: PMC8432865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impact of short-term adiposity change on risk of high blood pressure (HBP), and to assess the low limit range of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) reduction proposed to decrease the HBP risk in children. Children were longitudinally surveyed at baseline and after a short-term follow-up. General obesity (GOB) is categorized by age and gender-specific BMI cut-off points, abdominal obesity (AOB) by WHtR. Logistic regression model was used to estimate relations between adiposity change and HBP risk with adjustment of covariates. A total of 28,288 children (median of baseline age:10 years) were involved with follow-up of 6.88±1.20 months. After the follow-up, 9.4% of the children had persistent general obesity (GOB), 2.8% converted from GOB to non-GOB, 0.9% had newly developed GOB. When compared with children remained non-GOB, children with continuous GOB status, newly developed GOB, converting from GOB to non-GOB had 5.03-fold (95%CI: 4.32~5.86), 3.35-fold (95%CI: 1.99~5.65), 2.72-fold (2.03~3.63) HBP risk, respectively. Similar findings were observed for abdominal obesity (AOB). Reduction of 0.21–0.88 kg/m2 of baseline BMI (0.86–3.59%) or 0.009–0.024 of baseline WHtR (1.66–4.42%) in GOB or AOB children, respectively, was associated with significant decrease in HBP risk. Children with persistent obesity, newly developed obesity, or converting from obese to non-obese had significantly higher HBP risk. For children with GOB or AOB, reduction of <3.6% in BMI or <4.5% in WHtR could decrease the HBP risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-de Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (BD)
| | - Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuqian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Haokai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (BD)
| | - Zhenghe Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiuqin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu Xiao
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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31
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Aris IM, Sordillo JE, Rifas-Shiman SL, Young JG, Gold DR, Camargo CA, Hivert MF, Oken E. Childhood patterns of overweight and wheeze and subsequent risk of current asthma and obesity in adolescence. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2021; 35:569-577. [PMID: 33749887 PMCID: PMC8380670 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and asthma in childhood often co-occur. Few studies have examined this relationship using repeated measures of body mass index (BMI) or asthma symptoms (such as wheeze). OBJECTIVE We compared two analytic approaches for repeated measures data to investigate this relationship. METHODS Our baseline sample consisted of 1277 children enrolled in a Boston-area cohort with BMI or wheeze at age 1 year and no missing covariates. We used latent class growth models (LCGM) and inverse probability weighting (IPW) of marginal structural models to examine the extent to which presence of overweight across childhood was associated with early adolescent current asthma, and conversely of repeated measures of wheeze across childhood with early adolescent obesity. RESULTS Using LCGM, a "persistent" childhood overweight class (vs "never") was associated with higher risk of asthma in early adolescence (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1, 3.0), while "persistent" childhood wheeze (vs "never") was associated with higher risk of obesity in early adolescence (RR 2.7; 95% CI 1.0, 6.4) after adjusting for baseline covariates. An IPW analysis treating childhood overweight and wheeze as time-varying exposures and adjusting for baseline and time-varying covariates resulted in weaker and less precise associations of "persistent" (vs "never") overweight with adolescent asthma (RR 1.3; 95% CI 0.3, 3.0), and of "persistent" (vs "never") wheeze with adolescent obesity (RR 2.3; 95% CI 0.4, 5.3). CONCLUSION Our point estimates from both approaches suggest an association between "persistent" childhood overweight and adolescent asthma, and between "persistent" childhood wheeze and adolescent obesity. LCGM results were stronger and more precise, whereas IPW results were less conclusive with wider 95% confidence intervals containing the null. The precision gained from LCGM may be at the expense of bias, and the use of both approaches helps to shed some light on this tradeoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne E Sordillo
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica G Young
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diane R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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32
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The Effects of a Science-Based Community Intervention on Health Outcomes in Minority Children: The Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology Program. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:1074-1081. [PMID: 34172591 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the effects of a novel nutrition and movement science after-school program integrating laboratory experiences for minority children. Laboratory experiences demonstrated how the body moves, functions, and performs in response to exercise and healthy nutrition. METHODS A total of 76 children from 4 after-school programs that were primarily Latino and black were randomly assigned to either an experimental translational health in nutrition and kinesiology (THINK; n = 46) or standard curriculum that served as the control group (CON; n = 30). An analysis of covariance controlling for baseline values was used to compare differences between THINK and CON after the 4-month intervention. RESULTS Following the program, THINK participants evidenced lower triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness (P < .01 and <.05, respectively). THINK students showed greater improvements in aerobic fitness, grip strength, and agility than CON (P < .01, <.01, and <.05, respectively). Participants in THINK also demonstrated higher scores on their nutrition habits/behaviors questionnaire (P < .01), nutrition science (P < .05), and exercise fitness tests (P < .001) than CON. CONCLUSION An innovative curriculum featuring nutrition and kinesiology education interfaced with hands-on laboratory experiences and physical activities can improve physical outcomes and health-related behaviors in after-school programs serving minority children.
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33
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Early-childhood BMI trajectories in relation to preclinical cardiovascular measurements in adolescence. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:322-329. [PMID: 34308826 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Overweight, obesity, and accelerated growth during early childhood have been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in later life. Few studies have assessed whether trajectories of accelerated growth in early childhood are associated with preclinical cardiovascular measurements. We aimed to evaluate the associations between childhood body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories and measures of macro- and microvascular function in early adolescence. Measurements of macrovascular function (systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and microvascular function (central retinal arteriolar/veinular equivalent) were assessed at 11 years old in a Spanish birth cohort study (n = 489). BMI trajectories from birth to 9 years were identified using latent class growth analysis. Multiple linear regression assessed the associations between the BMI trajectories and macro- and microvascular function. Compared to children with average birth size and slower BMI gain (reference), children with a lower birth size and accelerated BMI gain had increased SBP [β = 6.57; (95% CI 4.00, 9.15)], DBP [β = 3.65; (95% CI 1.45, 5.86)], and PWV [β = 0.14; (95% CI 0.01, 0.27)]. Children with higher birth size and accelerated BMI gain had increased SBP [β = 4.75; (95% CI 1.79, 7.71) compared to the reference. No significant associations between BMI trajectories and the microvascular measurements were observed. In conclusion, we found that childhood BMI trajectories characterized by accelerated growth are associated with preclinical macrovascular measurements in young adolescents.
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34
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Rathod R, Zhang H, Karmaus W, Ewart S, Kadalayil L, Relton C, Ring S, Arshad SH, Holloway JW. BMI trajectory in childhood is associated with asthma incidence at young adulthood mediated by DNA methylation. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 17:77. [PMID: 34301314 PMCID: PMC8299682 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-021-00575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Body mass index (BMI) is associated with asthma but associations of BMI temporal patterns with asthma incidence are unclear. Previous studies suggest that DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with asthma status and variation in DNAm is a consequence of BMI changes. This study assessed the direct and indirect (via DNAm) effects of BMI trajectories in childhood on asthma incidence at young adulthood. METHODS Data from the Isle of Wight (IoW) birth cohort were included in the analyses. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to infer latent BMI trajectories from ages 1 to 10 years. An R package, ttscreening, was applied to identify differentially methylated CpGs at age 10 years associated with BMI trajectories, stratified for sex. Logistic regressions were used to further exclude CpGs with DNAm at age 10 years not associated with asthma incidence at 18 years. CpGs discovered via path analyses that mediated the association of BMI trajectories with asthma incidence in the IoW cohort were further tested in an independent cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents (ALSPAC). RESULTS Two BMI trajectories (high vs. normal) were identified. Of the 442,474 CpG sites, DNAm at 159 CpGs in males and 212 in females were potentially associated with BMI trajectories. Assessment of their association with asthma incidence identified 9 CpGs in males and 6 CpGs in females. DNAm at 4 of these 15 CpGs showed statistically significant mediation effects (p-value < 0.05). At two of the 4 CpGs (cg23632109 and cg10817500), DNAm completely mediated the association (i.e., only statistically significant indirect effects were identified). In the ALSPAC cohort, at all four CpGs, the same direction of mediating effects were observed as those found in the IoW cohort, although statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION The association of BMI trajectory in childhood with asthma incidence at young adulthood is possibly mediated by DNAm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutu Rathod
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Susan Ewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Latha Kadalayil
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Susan Ring
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - S Hasan Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Liang J, Zheng S, Li X, Xiao D, Wang P. Associations of community, famliy and early individual factors with body mass index z-scores trajectories among Chinese children and adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14535. [PMID: 34267304 PMCID: PMC8282779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing. This study aimed to examine trajectories of BMI z-scores among Chinese children and the potential determinants including early individual, family and community factors. Group-based trajectory modeling was employed to identify BMI z-scores trajectories of children aged 2-18 years using the five waves data (2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018) of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between early individual, family, community factors and BMI z-scores trajectories of children. We identified three trajectories for boys and girls, named Class 1 as "not-overweight", Class 2 as "persistent rapid descending but overweight during pre-school age", and Class 3 as "rapid rising up to school age and then become-overweight" class. Macrosomia (OR 1.772; 95% CI 1.188-2.644) and being a single child (OR 2.038; 95% CI 1.453-2.859) were more likely to belong in Class 3 among boys. Girls living in the advantaged communities (OR 1.539; 95% CI 1.052-2.252), rural-living (OR 1.558; 95% CI 1.133-2.142) and with none social integration (OR 1.496; 95% CI 1.07-2.091) were more likely to belong in Class 2. There are heterogeneous BMI z-scores trajectories of children aged 2-18, and pre-school age is a critical window that could predict the long-term growth patterns. BMI z-scores trends need to be monitored during pre-school age, focusing on those at higher risk of later overweight obesity status, and targeted interventions at the early individual, family, community levels are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Si Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xuyang Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dianmin Xiao
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Peigang Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Wuhan University Center for Population and Health Research, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Liu C, Tian J, Jose MD, Dwyer T, Venn AJ. BMI Trajectories from Childhood to Midlife are Associated with Subclinical Kidney Damage in Midlife. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1058-1066. [PMID: 33864358 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship of BMI trajectories from childhood with subclinical kidney damage (SKD) in midlife, a surrogate measure for chronic kidney disease. METHODS The study followed up 1,442 participants from the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey who were between 7 and 15 years old at the time the survey was conducted and who had BMI measurements in childhood and at least two follow-ups in adulthood. Measures of kidney function for participants 36 to 50 years old were also included. Latent class growth mixture modeling was used to identify the BMI trajectories. Log-binomial regression determined the associations of BMI trajectories with SKD defined as either 1) an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or 2) an eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with a urine albumin-creatinine ratio ≥ 2.5 mg/mmol (males) or 3.5 mg/mmol (females), adjusting for childhood age, sex, and duration of follow-up. RESULTS Relative to the persistently low trajectory (n = 534, 37.0%), being in higher BMI trajectories was associated with greater risk of SKD in midlife (relative risk [RR] = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.10-3.25 for progressing to moderate [n = 633, 43.9%]; RR = 1.91, 95% CI = 0.95-3.81 for progressing to moderate/high [n = 194, 13.5%]; RR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.03-7.99 for progressing to high/very high [n = 39, 2.7%]; and RR = 2.47, 95% CI = 0.77-7.94 for adult-onset high [n = 35, 2.4%]). CONCLUSIONS Participants with increasing BMI trajectories from childhood had an increased risk of SKD in midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Liu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jing Tian
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Matthew D Jose
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alison J Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Chen YC, Kuo HP, Hsia SM, Wu HT, Pan WH, Lee YL. Life course body mass index through childhood and young adulthood and risks of asthma and pulmonary function impairment. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:849-857. [PMID: 33270354 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity is a key risk factor for asthma and impaired pulmonary function. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify the critical period of life course adiposity for asthma in childhood and young adulthood, and to determine whether associations of adiposity and asthma vary across ages. METHODS Birth weight and body mass index (BMI) from birth to 17 years of age were assessed in 6130 children from the Taiwan Children Health Study. Logistic regression for asthma outcome and linear regression for pulmonary function outcome were used to investigate associations of adiposity with asthma. Seventeen BMI-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms were used to obtain genetic instrumental variables for adiposity to perform Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. RESULTS Using both regression model and MR analyses, we confirmed that the critical period of adiposity in predicting childhood asthma would be before age 6 years. Further, we discovered that the sensitive period of adiposity gain related to young adulthood asthma was the prepubertal stage. Risks of asthma at age 17 per unit increase in z-score of the BMI increased from 0.94 (95% CI: 0.79-1.11) at birth, and became greater than 1.00 between age 11 and 12, then increased to 1.08 (95% CI: 0.95-1.22) at age 17. The associations of life course BMI with asthma and pulmonary function impairment at age 12 and with asthma at age 17 increased with age. The aforementioned association was most prominent among central obesity indicators. CONCLUSIONS To prevent asthma in childhood and young adulthood, we should aim at promoting healthy growth at the toddler period and prepubertal stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ching Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Tsung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yungling L Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Fetal cranial growth trajectories are associated with growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age: INTERBIO-21st Fetal Study. Nat Med 2021; 27:647-652. [PMID: 33737749 PMCID: PMC7613323 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many observational studies and some randomized trials demonstrate how fetal growth can be influenced by environmental insults (for example, maternal infections)1 and preventive interventions (for example, multiple-micronutrient supplementation)2 that can have a long-lasting effect on health, growth, neurodevelopment and even educational attainment and income in adulthood3. In a cohort of pregnant women (n = 3,598), followed-up between 2012 and 2019 at six sites worldwide4, we studied the associations between ultrasound-derived fetal cranial growth trajectories, measured longitudinally from <14 weeks' gestation, against international standards5,6, and growth and neurodevelopment up to 2 years of age7,8. We identified five trajectories associated with specific neurodevelopmental, behavioral, visual and growth outcomes, independent of fetal abdominal growth, postnatal morbidity and anthropometric measures at birth and age 2. The trajectories, which changed within a 20-25-week gestational age window, were associated with brain development at 2 years of age according to a mirror (positive/negative) pattern, mostly focused on maturation of cognitive, language and visual skills. Further research should explore the potential for preventive interventions in pregnancy to improve infant neurodevelopmental outcomes before the critical window of opportunity that precedes the divergence of growth at 20-25 weeks' gestation.
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Xu J, Zhang R, Guo R, Wang Y, Dai Y, Xie Y, Zheng J, Sun Z, Xing L, Sun Y, Zheng L. Trajectories of body mass index and risk of incident hypertension among a normal body mass index population: A prospective cohort study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:1212-1220. [PMID: 33743180 PMCID: PMC8678668 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether there are different body mass index (BMI) trajectories among a population with normal BMI levels, and the association between BMI patterns and incident hypertension is not well characterized. This prospective cohort study includes surveys conducted at baseline and three follow‐ups. 3939 participants who are free of hypertension at baseline or first two follow‐ups were enrolled. At baseline, the age of participants ranged from 35 to 82 years and the mean age was 45.9 years. The BMI trajectories were identified using latent mixture modeling with data from the baseline and first two follow‐ups. The effects of different BMI trajectories on the development of hypertension were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. Four distinct BMI trajectories were identified over the study period (2004‐2010): normal‐stable (n = 1456), normal‐increasing (n = 2159), normal‐fluctuated (n = 166), and normal‐sharp‐increasing (n = 158). Relative to the normal‐stable BMI group, the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after adjustment for confounding factors of the normal‐increasing, normal‐fluctuated, and normal‐sharp‐increasing groups were 1.244 (1.103‐1.402), 1.331 (1.008‐1.756), and 1.641 (1.257‐2.142), respectively. Additionally, subgroup analysis showed that the normal‐fluctuated BMI trajectory was associated with a significantly higher risk of hypertension only in women (HR = 1.362; 95% CI = 1.151‐1.611). The BMI trajectories were significant predictors of hypertension incidence, and increasing BMI trajectories within the currently designated normal range were associated with an increased hypertension risk, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxia Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaoqing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liying Xing
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Venter C, Palumbo MP, Sauder KA, Glueck DH, Starling AP, Ringham BM, O'Mahony L, Moore BF, Yang IV, Dabelea D. Examining Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Index in Pregnancy, Pro-inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Levels at Birth, and Offspring Asthma and/or Wheeze by Age 4 Years. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2003-2012.e3. [PMID: 33744233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have demonstrated associations between maternal dietary inflammatory index (DII) during pregnancy and offspring asthma and/or wheeze. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess associations between maternal DII during pregnancy and 1) offspring cord sera pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) at birth and 2) offspring asthma and/or wheeze at age 4 years. DESIGN The Healthy Start study is a prospective prebirth longitudinal study that recruited pregnant women in Denver, Colorado and tracked their offspring. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This study used data from 1228 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Healthy Start study. Pregnant women were recruited in Denver, Colorado, between 2009 and 2014, and offspring tracked until age 4 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cord sera cytokines and chemokines were analyzed with multiplex panel immunoassays. Offspring diagnosis of asthma and/or wheeze by age 4 years was extracted from electronic medical records. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to assess associations. Covariates included factors such as nulliparity, race/ethnicity, gestational smoking, and maternal history of asthma. RESULTS Unadjusted analysis showed that increasing maternal DII scores were associated with increased odds of child asthma and/or wheeze by 4 years (odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.27), but the association was attenuated and no longer statistically significant in the adjusted model (odds ratio = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.99-1.33). There were no significant associations between DII scores and cord sera cytokine or chemokine levels. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that the inflammatory profile of the maternal diet was not associated with cytokines and chemokine levels at birth. The results suggested that a more inflammatory maternal diet was associated with increased odds of offspring asthma and/or wheeze by age 4 years, which could be considered of clinical relevance but the finding was not statistically significant at the .05 level.
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Venter C, Palumbo MP, Sauder KA, Glueck DH, Liu AH, Yang IV, Ben-Abdallah M, Fleischer DM, Dabelea D. Incidence and timing of offspring asthma, wheeze, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy and association with maternal history of asthma and allergic rhinitis. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100526. [PMID: 33767802 PMCID: PMC7957150 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studying the developmental precursors of allergy may help explain the mechanisms (or etiology) of allergic disease. We studied childhood respiratory and allergic diseases in a pre-birth cohort from the United States. Objective We assessed the associations between maternal history of asthma and the development of respiratory and allergic diseases in offspring. We also assessed associations with maternal history of allergic rhinitis. Methods Maternal history of asthma and allergic rhinitis was self-reported during early pregnancy. Offspring respiratory and allergy information was obtained from electronic medical records. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard models assessed the associations between maternal history of asthma and development of respiratory and allergic diseases in the offspring up to 8 years. A similar approach was used for maternal history of allergic rhinitis. Results Children born to women with a history of asthma had a 77% greater risk of developing asthma, a 45% greater risk of atopic dermatitis/eczema, and a 65% greater risk of wheeze (all p < 0.01), but no significantly increased risk of allergic rhinitis or food allergies, compared to children born to women with no history of asthma. Maternal history of allergic rhinitis was not associated with any child allergy outcome, and maternal history of both asthma and allergic rhinitis was associated with child atopic dermatitis/eczema only. Conclusions Maternal history of asthma was significantly associated with offspring respiratory and allergic diagnoses. The association between maternal history of asthma and offspring asthma and atopic dermatitis is a novel finding. Our findings may guide physicians who counsel families with a history of maternal asthma and allergic rhinitis about their child's risk of developing respiratory and allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Venter
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B518, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Michaela P Palumbo
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12474 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop F426, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Katherine A Sauder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12474 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop F426, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Medicine-Bioinformatics, University of Colorado, 12605 E. 16th Ave, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12474 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop F426, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew H Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Medicine-Bioinformatics, University of Colorado, 12605 E. 16th Ave, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado, 12605 E. 16th Ave, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Miriam Ben-Abdallah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - David M Fleischer
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13123 East 16th Avenue, B518, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado
- 13123 East 16th Avenue, Box B518
- Anschutz Medical Campus
- Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12474 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop F426, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Medicine-Bioinformatics, University of Colorado, 12605 E. 16th Ave, Aurora, 80045, Colorado, USA
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Infant body mass index trajectories and asthma and lung function. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:763-770. [PMID: 33662371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of early rapid increase in body mass index (BMI) on asthma risk and subsequent lung function remains contentious, with limited prospective studies during a critical window for lung growth. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the associations between BMI trajectories in the first 2 years of life and adolescent asthma and lung function. METHODS Anthropometric data on 620 infants from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study were collected up to 18 times in the first 24 months of the study. BMI trajectories were developed by using group-based trajectory modeling. Associations between these trajectories and spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide level, and current asthma status at 12 and/or 18 years of age were modeled by using multiple linear and logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 5 BMI trajectories were identified. Compared with those children with the "average" trajectory, the children belonging to the "early-low and catch-up" and "persistently high" BMI trajectories were at higher risk of asthma at the age of 18 years (odds ratios = 2.2 [95% CI = 1.0-4.8 and 2.4 [95% CI = 1.1-5.3], respectively). These trajectories were also associated with a lower ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity and a higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels at age 18 years. In addition, children belonging to the persistently low trajectory had lower FEV1 (β = -183.9 mL [95% CI = -340.9 to -26.9]) and forced vital capacity (β = -207.8 mL [95% CI = -393.6 to -22.0]) values at the age of 18 years. CONCLUSION In this cohort, the early-low and catch-up and persistently high trajectories were associated with asthma and obstructive lung function pattern in adolescence. Having a persistently low BMI at an early age was associated with a restrictive pattern. Thus, maintenance of normal growth patterns may lead to improved adolescent respiratory health.
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Mattsson M, Murray DM, Hawkes CP, Kiely M, Ní Chaoimh C, McCarthy FP, Biesma R, Boland F. Body Mass Index Trajectories in the First 5 Years and Associated Antenatal Factors. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:622381. [PMID: 33681100 PMCID: PMC7933027 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.622381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is an important public health issue and the development of obesity in early life and associated risk factors need to be better understood. The aim of this study was to identify distinct body mass index trajectories in the first 5 years of life and to examine their associations with factors identified in pregnancy, including metabolic parameters. Methods: BMI measurements from 2,172 children in Ireland enrolled in the BASELINE cohort study with BMI assessments at birth, 2, 6, and 12 months, and 2 and 5 years were analyzed. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify distinct BMI trajectories, and multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between these trajectories and antenatal factors. Results: Three distinct BMI trajectories were identified: normal (89.6%); rapid gain in the first 6 months (7.8%); and rapid BMI after 12 months (2.6%). Male sex and higher maternal age increased the likelihood of belonging to the rapid gain in the first 6 months trajectory. Raised maternal BMI at 15 weeks of pregnancy and lower cord blood IGF-2 were associated with rapid gain after 1 year. Conclusion: Sex, maternal age and BMI, and IGF-2 levels were found to be associated with BMI trajectories in early childhood departing from normal growth. Further research and extended follow-up to examine the effects of childhood growth patterns are required to understand their relationship with health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Mattsson
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre M. Murray
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin P. Hawkes
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mairead Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carol Ní Chaoimh
- Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Regien Biesma
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fiona Boland
- Data Science Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Alali WQ, Longenecker JC, Alwotyan R, AlKandari H, Al-Mulla F, Al Duwairi Q. Prevalence of smoking in the Kuwaiti adult population in 2014: a cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10053-10067. [PMID: 33161520 PMCID: PMC7648895 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The study objective was to assess tobacco smoking prevalence in Kuwaiti adults in relation to sociodemographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study survey was conducted in 2014 on 3917 Kuwaiti citizens (18-69 years) following the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) methodology. The study assessed prevalence of self-reported ever-smoking or currently smoking tobacco products and exposure to secondhand smoke in relation to demographic and smoking-related characteristics. The prevalence of "ever smoker" in men and women was 49.9% and 4.4%, respectively, whereas the prevalence of "current smoker" was 39.2% and 3.3%, respectively. Sex (adjusted OR [AOR], 19.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 13.0-28.3], male versus female) was significantly associated with current smoking. Among daily smokers, 87.1% used manufactured cigarettes. The average daily number of manufactured cigarettes for men and women was 21.8 and 13.0, respectively. Mean age at smoking initiation was 17.5 years (95% CI 17.2-17.9). The prevalence of secondhand smoke at home and work was 38.6% and 29.9%, respectively. Half of Kuwaiti men have smoked at some point in their life with most of these being current smokers. Secondhand smoke is a common exposure at home and work, posing serious health risks to the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Q Alali
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Joseph C Longenecker
- Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Rehab Alwotyan
- Primary Health Care Department, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hessa AlKandari
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Qais Al Duwairi
- Department of Population Health, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Noroña-Zhou AN, Tung I. Developmental patterns of emotion regulation in toddlerhood: Examining predictors of change and long-term resilience. Infant Ment Health J 2021; 42:5-20. [PMID: 32583449 PMCID: PMC9844509 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Emotion regulation is critical for optimal functioning across a wide range of domains and may be even more important for individuals in high-risk environments. While evidence suggests that childhood is generally a period of emotion regulation growth and development, research is needed to examine factors that may contribute to deviations from a typical trajectory. In a prospective study of 1,905 children, latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to identify trajectory groups of emotion regulation across toddlerhood (age 14-36 months), examine predictors of those trajectory groups from child temperament, parenting behaviors, and environmental risk, and explore predictions of resilience in 5th grade from the identified groups. LGCA supported a three-class model, with a Stable Incline group, a Decline group, and a Catch-Up group. Child negative emotionality, positive and negative parenting, and environmental risk predicted group membership. These trajectory groups in toddlerhood were predictive of child resilient functioning in the 5th grade. Our findings highlight the importance of utilizing developmental models of emotion regulation and provide implications for prevention and early intervention services to enhance emotion regulation development in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N. Noroña-Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz, 13001 East 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 2811 O’Hara Street, Suite 408, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Zhang T, Song Y, Teng H, Zhang Y, Lu J, Tao L, Jin Y, Yin J, Zhou D. BMI Trajectories During the First 2 Years, and Their Associations With Infant Overweight/Obesity: A Registered Based Cohort Study in Taizhou, China. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:665655. [PMID: 34055698 PMCID: PMC8149948 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.665655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify trajectories of body mass index (BMI) in toddlers from birth to 2 years old and examine their association with infantile overweight/obesity. Methods: Data were collected from 19,054 children born in any hospital or community healthcare center in Taizhou, China from 2018 to 2019 with at least three BMI measurements after birth. The Latent Class Growth Mixture Model was used to identify distinct BMI trajectories during the first 2 years of infants. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to explore the associated factors of different BMI trajectories, and log-binomial regression was performed to assess the association between the trajectories and overweight/obesity. Results: Three heterogeneous BMI trajectories were identified and labeled as "lower" (36.21%, n = 6,899), "middle" (53.15%, n = 10,128) and "upper" (10.64%, n = 2,027), respectively. Several characteristics of infants and their corresponding mothers were found to be correlated with infant BMI trajectories, including infant sex, mode of delivery and weight at birth, as well as maternal parity, early pregnancy BMI and status of gestational diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, compared with those in the lower trajectory, infants in the middle [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.63, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.17-2.63] or upper (PR = 2.98, 95%CI = 1.51-2.98) trajectory groups were prone to be overweight/obesity at their final observation. Conclusion: Heterogeneous BMI trajectories were observed in our study. Characteristics of both infants and their corresponding mothers could be potential determinants of infant growth. Moreover, infants in the middle and upper trajectory groups were more likely to suffer overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haoyue Teng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linghua Tao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Taizhou Woman and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Yanjie Jin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Taizhou Woman and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, China.,Beijing Longtengxinyang Information Technology Company, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyun Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Danhong Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Taizhou Woman and Children's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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Li X, Keown-Stoneman CDG, Lebovic G, Maguire JL, Omand JA, Sievenpiper JL, Birken CS. Body Mass Index Mediates the Association between Growth Trajectories and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children. Child Obes 2021; 17:36-42. [PMID: 33252262 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2020.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Few studies have published mediation analyses to quantify the role concurrent BMI plays in the relationship between growth and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) outcomes. Methods: We used data from a longitudinal cohort study conducted in children aged 0-60 months through The Applied Research Group for Kids (TARGet Kids!) in Canada. Four age and sex standardized BMI (zBMI) trajectories were identified using latent class mixed models. CMR were assessed using a CMR score. Concurrent zBMI was the zBMI measured on the same visit as CMR. Mediation analyses were performed comparing each trajectory with the reference trajectory. Results: One thousand one hundred sixty-five children were included. On average, compared with being in the stable low trajectory, being in the catch-up trajectory was associated with an increased CMR score of 0.42, 0.28 of which was mediated through concurrent zBMI [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17 to 0.41, p = 0.001]; being in the stable high trajectory was associated with an increased CMR score of 0.23, 0.24 through concurrent zBMI (95% CI 0.18 to 0.31, p < 0.001). Similarly, being in the rapid accelerating trajectory was associated with an increased CMR score of 1.43, 1.18 of which was through concurrent zBMI (95% CI 0.89 to 1.50, p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a strong evidence that the effect of BMI trajectories on CMR was indirect via concurrent BMI. It is important for researchers to choose the most appropriate analytic method based on the study hypothesis to understand the total or direct effect of growth patterns on cardiometabolic disease risk in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Li
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles D G Keown-Stoneman
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerald Lebovic
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathon L Maguire
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica A Omand
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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48
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Mallisetty Y, Mukherjee N, Jiang Y, Chen S, Ewart S, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Zhang H, Karmaus W. Epigenome-Wide Association of Infant Feeding and Changes in DNA Methylation from Birth to 10 Years. Nutrients 2020; 13:E99. [PMID: 33396735 PMCID: PMC7824231 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors have been suggested as mediators of early-life nutrition to future health. Prior studies focused on breastfeeding effects on DNA methylation (DNAm), ignoring other feeding modes. In this analysis of the Isle of Wight birth cohort, feeding modes were categorized as exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), exclusive formula feeding (EFF), and mixed feeding based on whether the respective feeding mode lasted for at least 3 months. In addition, in the past, infant feeding modes were assessed using DNAm at one time point in childhood, not changes of DNAm. In this paper, methylation differences (delta DNAm) were calculated by subtracting residual methylation values at birth from age 10 years (adjusting for cell types and season of blood collection at both ages). These deltas were estimated for all methylation sites where cytosine was followed by guanine (cytosine guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites). Then, we performed an epigenome-wide association study contrasting EBF, EFF, and mixed feeding with delta DNAm that represents changes in methylation from birth to 10 years. A total of 87 CpGs (EBF: 27 CpGs, EFF: 48 CpGs, mixed: 12 CpGs) were identified using separate linear regression models adjusting for confounders and multiple testing. The sum of all changes in methylation from birth to age 10 years was significantly lower in the EFF group. Correspondingly, the number of CpGs with a methylation decline was 4.7% higher reflecting 13,683 CpGs. Lower methylation related to exclusive formula feeding and its adverse potential for the child's development needs future research to reduce adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Mallisetty
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Nandini Mukherjee
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Mathematical Science, University of Memphis, Dunn Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Susan Ewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - S. Hasan Arshad
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (S.H.A.); (J.W.H.)
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
| | - John W. Holloway
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (S.H.A.); (J.W.H.)
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Robison Hall, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (Y.M.); (N.M.); (Y.J.); (H.Z.)
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49
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Maternal and infant prediction of the child BMI trajectories; studies across two generations of Northern Finland birth cohorts. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 45:404-414. [PMID: 33041325 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Children BMI is a longitudinal phenotype, developing through interplays between genetic and environmental factors. Whilst childhood obesity is escalating, we require a better understanding of its early origins and variation across generations to prevent it. SUBJECTS/METHODS We designed a cross-cohort study including 12,040 Finnish children from the Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986 (NFBC1966 and NFBC1986) born before or at the start of the obesity epidemic. We used group-based trajectory modelling to identify BMI trajectories from 2 to 20 years. We subsequently tested their associations with early determinants (mother and child) and the possible difference between generations, adjusted for relevant biological and socioeconomic confounders. RESULTS We identified four BMI trajectories, 'stable-low' (34.8%), 'normal' (44.0%), 'stable-high' (17.5%) and 'early-increase' (3.7%). The 'early-increase' trajectory represented the highest risk for obesity. We analysed a dose-response association of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and smoking with BMI trajectories. The directions of effect were consistent across generations and the effect sizes tended to increase from earlier generation to later. Respectively for NFBC1966 and NFBC1986, the adjusted risk ratios of being in the early-increase group were 1.08 (1.06-1.10) and 1.12 (1.09-1.15) per unit of pre-pregnancy BMI and 1.44 (1.05-1.96) and 1.48 (1.17-1.87) in offspring of smoking mothers compared to non-smokers. We observed similar relations with infant factors including birthweight for gestational age and peak weight velocity. In contrast, the age at adiposity peak in infancy was associated with the BMI trajectories in NFBC1966 but did not replicate in NFBC1986. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to adverse maternal predictors were associated with a higher risk obesity trajectory and were consistent across generations. However, we found a discordant association for the timing of adiposity peak over a 20-year period. This suggests the role of residual environmental factors, such as nutrition, and warrants additional research to understand the underlying gene-environment interplay.
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50
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Blond K, Aarestrup J, Vistisen D, Bjerregaard LG, Jensen GB, Petersen J, Nordestgaard BG, Jørgensen ME, Jensen BW, Baker JL. Associations between body mass index trajectories in childhood and cardiovascular risk factors in adulthood. Atherosclerosis 2020; 314:10-17. [PMID: 33129081 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Children with a growth trajectory of overweight have higher levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors than children with a normal-weight trajectory. However, less is known about how trajectories of body mass index (BMI) across the rest of the BMI spectrum relate to CVD risk factors and whether adult BMI affects these associations. Our aim was to examine associations between childhood BMI trajectories and adult CVD risk factors. METHODS We included 2466 individuals with childhood weights and heights (ages 6-14) from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register and adult CVD risk factors (ages 20-81) from the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Associations between childhood BMI trajectories identified by latent class modelling and CVD risk factors were examined using generalized linear regression analyses with and without adjustment for adult BMI. Normal-weight and overweight were defined by growth references from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS We identified four childhood trajectories within the normal-weight spectrum and one trajectory of overweight. Compared to the trajectory with the lowest BMI level, several higher BMI trajectories were associated with worse circumference, HDL and glucose homeostasis in adulthood. The highest trajectory was additionally associated with higher total cholesterol and triglycerides. When adjusting for adult BMI, the higher BMI trajectories had lower waist circumference, blood pressure and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS Trajectories of BMI within the normal-weight range and in the overweight range are associated with a worse CVD risk profile than in the lowest BMI trajectory, and these associations are modifiable by growth after childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Blond
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Aarestrup
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lise G Bjerregaard
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gorm Boje Jensen
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne Petersen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Britt Wang Jensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Baker
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Human Genomics and Metagenomics in Metabolism, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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