1
|
Pan JY, Chen Y, Lin ZH, Lv B, Chen L, Feng SY. Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Hearing Threshold Shifts of Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2016. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1791-1801. [PMID: 38686130 PMCID: PMC11056606 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s454678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is a representative human sensory impairment, few studies have paid attention to the correlation between the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and SNHL to date. We conducted this analysis to elucidate the correlation between the TyG index and pure tone hearing thresholds among US adults. Methods Our analysis included 1226 adults (age range: 20 to 69 years old) from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. TyG index was scored into three quartiles. Weighted univariate analysis, weighted multivariate linear regression analyses as well as smooth curve fittings evaluated the associations between TyG index and pure tone hearing thresholds. Results In the multiple regression analysis, the second tertile of TyG index was negatively associated with high-frequency hearing thresholds shifts. Furthermore, the non-linear relationships between TyG index and speech-frequency and high-frequency hearing thresholds were identified by smooth curve fittings. After adjusting for potential confounders, the fitted smooth curves were approximately U-shaped, and the two-segment linear regression models were constructed to calculate their inflection points. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the TyG index was nearly U-shaped association with speech-frequency and high-frequency hearing thresholds. These results may imply the importance of maintaining a balanced TyG index in health management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-He Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Lv
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yan Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guscelli E, Noisette F, Chabot D, Blier PU, Hansen T, Cassista-Da Ros M, Pepin P, Skanes KR, Calosi P. Northern shrimp from multiple origins show similar sensitivity to global change drivers, but different cellular energetic capacity. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245400. [PMID: 37497774 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Species with a wide distribution can experience significant regional variation in environmental conditions, to which they can acclimatize or adapt. Consequently, the geographic origin of an organism can influence its responses to environmental changes, and therefore its sensitivity to combined global change drivers. This study aimed at determining the physiological responses of the northern shrimp, Pandalus borealis, at different levels of biological organization and from four different geographic origins, exposed to elevated temperature and low pH to define its sensitivity to future ocean warming and acidification. Shrimp sampled within the northwest Atlantic were exposed for 30 days to combinations of three temperature (2, 6 or 10°C) and two pH levels (7.75 or 7.40). Survival, metabolic rates, whole-organism aerobic performance and cellular energetic capacity were assessed at the end of the exposure. Our results show that shrimp survival was negatively affected by temperature above 6°C and low pH, regardless of their origin. Additionally, shrimp from different origins show overall similar whole-organism performances: aerobic scope increasing with increasing temperature and decreasing with decreasing pH. Finally, the stability of aerobic metabolism appears to be related to cellular adjustments specific to shrimp origin. Our results show that the level of intraspecific variation differs among levels of biological organization: different cellular capacities lead to similar individual performances. Thus, the sensitivity of the northern shrimp to ocean warming and acidification is overall comparable among origins. Nonetheless, shrimp vulnerability to predicted global change scenarios for 2100 could differ among origins owing to different regional environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Guscelli
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Fanny Noisette
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Denis Chabot
- Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 850 Rte de la Mer, Mont-Joli, QC G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | - Pierre U Blier
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Tanya Hansen
- Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 850 Rte de la Mer, Mont-Joli, QC G5H 3Z4, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Pepin
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 80 E White Hills Rd, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - Katherine R Skanes
- Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 80 E White Hills Rd, St. John's, NL A1C 5X1, Canada
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu L, Qin M, Ji J, Wang W. Correlation between hearing impairment and the Triglyceride Glucose Index: based on a national cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1216718. [PMID: 37424854 PMCID: PMC10325635 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1216718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to assess the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hearing impairment (HI). Methods We used eight survey cycles from NHANES 2001-2012 and 2015-2018 to conduct this cross-sectional study. HI was designed as an dependent variable, and the TyG index was selected as an exposure factor (independent variable). The correlation between the two variables was assessed using multiple logistic regression. In order to assess whether there was a non-linear relationship between the TyG index and HI, the TyG index was distributed and a test for trend was conducted (P for trend), followed by smooth curve fitting (penalized spline) and generalized additive model (GAM) regression. We also performed a subgroup analysis to identify sensitive groups whose responses were clearly associated with independent variables. Results 10,906 participants were finally included in the study, and those with a higher TyG index had a higher frequency of hearing impairment. There was a linear positive correlation between the TyG index and HI. For the low-frequency HI, however, this positive correlation was not statistically significant (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.14); however, it was more stable for the high-frequency HI (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.22). Additionally, as the TyG index increased, this positive association increased as well (P for trend = 0.05). The HPTA test showed a positive association with more severe HI (simultaneous) as the independent variable increased (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05-1.24), and this association was even more significant with increasing severity (P for trend 0.05). According to the subgroup analysis, the positive association between TyG index and high-frequency HI was more significant in females, 40-69 years old, without hypertension or diabetes, and when strict high-frequency HI was significant in males, females, 40-69 years old, with hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion Participants with a higher TyG index may have a higher risk of HI. TyG index and HI risk showed a linear relationship, which became even more significant when HPTA was included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Department Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Maolin Qin
- Department Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhu Hospital, East China Normal University (The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiabiao Ji
- Department Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun X, Liu S, Cai J, Yang M, Li C, Tan M, He B. Mitochondrial Methionyl-tRNA Formyltransferase Deficiency Alleviates Metaflammation by Modulating Mitochondrial Activity in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065999. [PMID: 36983072 PMCID: PMC10051599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have revealed the association of metabolic diseases with inflammation. Mitochondria are key organelles involved in metabolic regulation and important drivers of inflammation. However, it is uncertain whether the inhibition of mitochondrial protein translation results in the development of metabolic diseases, such that the metabolic benefits related to the inhibition of mitochondrial activity remain unclear. Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (Mtfmt) functions in the early stages of mitochondrial translation. In this study, we reveal that feeding with a high-fat diet led to the upregulation of Mtfmt in the livers of mice and that a negative correlation existed between hepatic Mtfmt gene expression and fasting blood glucose levels. A knockout mouse model of Mtfmt was generated to explore its possible role in metabolic diseases and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Homozygous knockout mice experienced embryonic lethality, but heterozygous knockout mice showed a global reduction in Mtfmt expression and activity. Moreover, heterozygous mice showed increased glucose tolerance and reduced inflammation, which effects were induced by the high-fat diet. The cellular assays showed that Mtfmt deficiency reduced mitochondrial activity and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and blunted nuclear factor-κB activation, which, in turn, downregulated inflammation in macrophages. The results of this study indicate that targeting Mtfmt-mediated mitochondrial protein translation to regulate inflammation might provide a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Suyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiangxue Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Miaoxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Penniman CM, Bhardwaj G, Nowers CJ, Brown CU, Junck TL, Boyer CK, Jena J, Fuqua JD, Lira VA, O'Neill BT. Loss of FoxOs in muscle increases strength and mitochondrial function during aging. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:243-259. [PMID: 36442857 PMCID: PMC9891940 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle mitochondrial decline is associated with aging-related muscle weakness and insulin resistance. FoxO transcription factors are targets of insulin action and deletion of FoxOs improves mitochondrial function in diabetes. However, disruptions in proteostasis and autophagy are hallmarks of aging and the effect of chronic inhibition of FoxOs in aged muscle is unknown. This study investigated the role of FoxOs in regulating muscle strength and mitochondrial function with age. METHODS We measured muscle strength, cross-sectional area, muscle fibre-type, markers of protein synthesis/degradation, central nuclei, glucose/insulin tolerance, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in 4.5-month (Young) and 22-24-month-old (Aged) muscle-specific FoxO1/3/4 triple KO (TKO) and littermate control (Ctrl) mice. RESULTS Lean mass was increased in Aged TKO compared with both Aged Ctrl and younger groups by 26-33% (P < 0.01). Muscle strength, measured by max force of tibialis anterior (TA) contraction, was 20% lower in Aged Ctrl compared with Young Ctrls (P < 0.01) but was not decreased in Aged TKOs. Increased muscle strength in Young and Aged TKO was associated with 18-48% increased muscle weights compared with Ctrls (P < 0.01). Muscle cross-sectional analysis of TA, soleus, and plantaris revealed increases in fibre size distribution and a 2.5-10-fold increase in central nuclei in Young and Aged TKO mice, without histologic signs of muscle damage. Age-dependent increases in Gadd45a and Ube4a expression as well accumulation of K48 polyubiquitinated proteins were observed in quad and TA but were prevented by FoxO deletion. Young and Aged TKO muscle showed minimal changes in autophagy flux and no accumulation of autophagosomes compared with Ctrl groups. Increased strength in Young and Aged TKO was associated with a 10-20% increase in muscle mitochondrial respiration using glutamate/malate/succinate compared with controls (P < 0.05). OXPHOS subunit expression and complex I activity were decreased 16-34% in Aged Ctrl compared with Young Ctrl but were prevented in Aged TKO. Both Aged Ctrl and Aged TKO showed impaired glucose tolerance by 33% compared to young groups (P < 0.05) indicating improved strength and mitochondrial respiration are not due to improved glycemia. CONCLUSIONS FoxO deletion increases muscle strength even during aging. Deletion of FoxOs maintains muscle strength in part by mild suppression of atrophic pathways, including inhibition of Gadd45a and Ube4a expression, without accumulation of autophagosomes in muscle. Deletion of FoxOs also improved mitochondrial function by maintenance of OXPHOS in both young and aged TKO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christie M Penniman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gourav Bhardwaj
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Colette J Nowers
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Chandler U Brown
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Taylor L Junck
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Cierra K Boyer
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jayashree Jena
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jordan D Fuqua
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brian T O'Neill
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sexually Dimorphic Effects of a Western Diet on Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Neurocognitive Function. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124222. [PMID: 34959774 PMCID: PMC8705773 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A Western diet (WD), high in sugars and saturated fats, impairs learning and memory function and contributes to weight gain. Mitochondria in the brain provide energy for neurocognitive function and may play a role in body weight regulation. We sought to determine whether a WD alters behavior and metabolic outcomes in male and female rodents through impacting hippocampal and hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics. Results revealed a sexually dimorphic macronutrient preference, where males on the WD consumed a greater percentage of calories from fat/protein and females consumed a greater percentage of calories from a sugar-sweetened beverage. Both males and females on a WD gained body fat and showed impaired glucose tolerance when compared to same-sex controls. Males on a WD demonstrated impaired hippocampal functioning and an elevated tendency toward a high membrane potential in hippocampal mitochondria. Comprehensive bioenergetics analysis of WD effects in the hypothalamus revealed a tissue-specific adaption, where males on the WD oxidized more fat, and females oxidized more fat and carbohydrates at peak energy demand compared to same-sex controls. These results suggest that adult male rats show a susceptibility toward hippocampal dysfunction on a WD, and that hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics are altered by WD in a sex-specific manner.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nunes S, Viana SD, Preguiça I, Alves A, Fernandes R, Teodoro JS, Matos P, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L, André A, Silva S, Jarak I, Carvalho RA, Cavadas C, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM, Pintado MM, Reis F. Blueberry Counteracts Prediabetes in a Hypercaloric Diet-Induced Rat Model and Rescues Hepatic Mitochondrial Bioenergetics. Nutrients 2021; 13:4192. [PMID: 34959746 PMCID: PMC8706913 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The paramount importance of a healthy diet in the prevention of type 2 diabetes is now well recognized. Blueberries (BBs) have been described as attractive functional fruits for this purpose. This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms pertaining to the protective impact of blueberry juice (BJ) on prediabetes. Using a hypercaloric diet-induced prediabetic rat model, we evaluated the effects of BJ on glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles; gut microbiota composition; intestinal barrier integrity; and metabolic endotoxemia, as well as on hepatic metabolic surrogates, including several related to mitochondria bioenergetics. BJ supplementation for 14 weeks counteracted diet-evoked metabolic deregulation, improving glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hypertriglyceridemia, along with systemic and hepatic antioxidant properties, without a significant impact on the gut microbiota composition and related mechanisms. In addition, BJ treatment effectively alleviated hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial dysfunction observed in the prediabetic animals, as suggested by the amelioration of bioenergetics parameters and key targets of inflammation, insulin signaling, ketogenesis, and fatty acids oxidation. In conclusion, the beneficial metabolic impact of BJ in prediabetes may be mainly explained by the rescue of hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics. These findings pave the way to support the use of BJ in prediabetes to prevent diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nunes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy/Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Inês Preguiça
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Alves
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João S. Teodoro
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Matos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre Research Center, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre Research Center, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandra André
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy/Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Sara Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui A. Carvalho
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Clean Technologies and Processes, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Anabela P. Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria M. Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Samocha-Bonet D, Wu B, Ryugo DK. Diabetes mellitus and hearing loss: A review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101423. [PMID: 34384902 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes (type 2) and sensorineural hearing loss are common health problems manifested with ageing. While both type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been associated with hearing loss, a causal link has been difficult to establish. Individuals with diabetes have twice the incidence of hearing loss compared to those without diabetes and those with prediabetes have a 30% higher rate of hearing loss. Whether hearing loss is associated with diabetes independent of glycemic control remains to be determined. Hearing loss has its own set of risk factors and shares others with diabetes. This review will summarize the complex relationship between diabetes and sensorineural hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Samocha-Bonet
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Buffy Wu
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - David K Ryugo
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck and Skull Base Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sahu P, Mohan KV, Aggarwal S, Arindkar S, Mahesh Kumar J, Kumar Upadhyay P, Ramakrishna G, Nagarajan P. Apoptosis-inducing factor deficient mice fail to develop hepatic steatosis under high fat high fructose diet or bile duct ligation. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:296-307. [PMID: 32767404 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is a mitochondrial flavoprotein involved in redox signalling and programmed cell death. The role of AIF has been well recognized in diabetes and obesity. However, the aspect of AIF deficiency in the development of hepatic steatosis and liver injury is unknown. Therefore, in the current study, Harlequin (Hq mutant) mouse with markedly reduced content of AIF was investigated to explore the role of AIF on the initiation of liver injury. The wild type (WT) developed physiological and pathological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that were not seen in the Hq mice with AIF deficiency, when fed on high fat high fructose (HFHF) diet. Following bile duct ligation (BDL), the liver associated pathological changes were less conspicuous in Hq mice as compared to WT mice. The expression of AIF protein and apoptosis was markedly lesser as compared to their respective control in Hq mice on HFHF diet. Furthermore, the genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were also altered in the group of treated Hq mice. In conclusion, Hq mice failed to develop diet induced hepatic steatosis, suggestive of a role of AIF mediated pathway in the initiation and progression of liver inflammation. Thus, partial loss of AIF appears to be hepatoprotective. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: AIF deficiency has multiple roles in altered pathology processes and cellular metabolism, thereby compromising the cellular homeostasis. Considering the molecular functions of AIF in other organ pathology little is known about its role in diet induced liver injury. Hence, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of AIF deficiency in liver injury and diseases with focus on NAFLD. The study will help to deliniate the mechanisms of NAFLD using Harliquin Mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parul Sahu
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on glucose tolerance in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2020; 9:3-8. [PMID: 32104785 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), physical activity is strongly advised as nonpharmacological therapy. In general, a moderate aerobic exercise intensity is recommended. It was also proposed, however, that greater intensities tend to yield even greater benefits in HbA1c. Hence, the most appropriate exercise intensity seems not to be established yet. We compared the effect of moderate (aerobic) and vigorous (anaerobic) activity on postprandial plasma glucose. Methods In 10 consecutive patients (63 ± 12 years, BMI 28.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2, fasting plasma glucose 6.1 ± 1.2 mmol/l), 2-hour plasma glucose was ≥11.1 mmol/l in the oral glucose tolerance test at rest (OGTT-0). Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) was performed until a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) ≥1.20, beeing anaerobic (CPX-1), followed by OGTT-1. A steady-state CPX of 30-minute duration was performed targeting an RER between 0.90 and 0.95, being aerobic (CPX-2), followed by OGTT-2. Results In CPX-1, maximum exercise intensity (maxIntensity) averaged at 99 ± 30 Watt and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) reached 15.9 ± 2.8 ml/min/kg. In CPX-2, aerobic intensity averaged at 29 ± 9 Watt, representing 31% of maxIntensity and 61% of VO2peak. After aerobic exercise, 2-hour plasma glucose was significantly reduced to an average of 9.4 ± 2.3 mmol/l (P < 0.05). Anaerobic exercise did not reduce 2-hour plasma glucose as compared to OGTT-0 (12.6 ± 2.2 vs 12.6 ± 3.9 mmol/l). Conclusion Aerobic exercise intensity was very low in our patients with CHD and T2DM. Postprandial plasma glucose was reduced only by aerobic exercise. Larger studies on the optimal exercise intensity are needed in this patient cohort.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gildea N, Rocha J, McDermott A, O'Shea D, Green S, Egaña M. Influence of type 2 diabetes on muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental cycle exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 269:103258. [PMID: 31349019 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes (T2D) alters the profile of muscle fractional oxygen (O2) extraction (near-infrared spectroscopy) during incremental cycle exercise. Seventeen middle-aged individuals with uncomplicated T2D and 17 controls performed an upright ramp test to exhaustion. The rate of muscle deoxygenation (i.e. deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin concentration, Δ[HHb+Mb]) profiles of the vastus lateralis muscle were normalised to 100% of the response, plotted against % power output (PO) and fitted with a double linear regression model. Peak oxygen uptake was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in individuals with T2D. The %Δ[HHb+Mb]/%PO slope of the first linear segment of the double linear regression function was significantly (P < 0.05) steeper in T2D than controls (1.59 (1.14) vs 1.23 (0.51)). Both groups displayed a near-plateau in Δ[HHb+Mb] at an exercise intensity (%PO) not different amongst them. Such findings suggest that a reduced O2 delivery to active muscles is an important underlying cause of exercise intolerance during a maximum graded test in middle-aged individuals with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norita Gildea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joel Rocha
- Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, UK
| | - Adam McDermott
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal O'Shea
- Endocrinology, St Columcille's and St Vincent's Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon Green
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mikel Egaña
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Breton CV, Song AY, Xiao J, Kim SJ, Mehta HH, Wan J, Yen K, Sioutas C, Lurmann F, Xue S, Morgan TE, Zhang J, Cohen P. Effects of air pollution on mitochondrial function, mitochondrial DNA methylation, and mitochondrial peptide expression. Mitochondrion 2019; 46:22-29. [PMID: 30980914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA is sensitive to damage by exogenous reactive oxygen sources, including traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). Given the important role for mitochondria in human disease, we hypothesized that prenatal air pollution exposure may be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and that mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) might protect against these effects. In in vitro studies, 24-hour exposure to nanoparticulate matter (nPM) increased oxidation of mtDNA, decreased mitochondrial consumption rate (OCR), and decreased mtDNAcn in SH-SY5Y cells. Addition of MDPs rescued these effects to varying degrees. Liver tissue taken from C57Bl/6 males exposed for 10 weeks to nPM had lower OCR, lower mtDNAcn and higher MDP levels, similar to in vitro studies. In newborn cord blood, MDP levels were positively associated with prenatal TRAP exposures. Moreover, DNA methylation of two distinct regions of the D-Loop in the mitochondria genome was associated with levels of several MDPs. Our in vitro and in vivo data indicate that TRAP can directly affect mitochondrial respiratory function and mtDNAcn. Treatment of cells with MDPs can counteract TRAP induced-effects. Lastly, we present evidence that suggests MDPs may be regulated in part by mitochondrial DNA methylation in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, 2001 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States of America.
| | - Ashley Y Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, 2001 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States of America
| | - Jialin Xiao
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Hemal H Mehta
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Junxiang Wan
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Kelvin Yen
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- USC Viterbi School of Engineering, 3620 South Vermont Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Fred Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology, 1450 N. McDowell Blvd., Suite 200, Petaluma, CA 94954, United States of America
| | - Shanyan Xue
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, 2001 N Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States of America
| | - Todd E Morgan
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Enviroment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive LSRC, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- USC Leonard School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gaster M. The diabetic phenotype is preserved in myotubes established from type 2 diabetic subjects: a critical appraisal. APMIS 2018; 127:3-26. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gaster
- Laboratory for Molecular Physiology Department of Pathology and Department of Endocrinology Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Y, Wen L, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Wang XH, He YY, Davie A, Broadbent S. Effects of four weeks intermittent hypoxia intervention on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, GLUT4 translocation, insulin receptor phosphorylation, and Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203551. [PMID: 30199540 PMCID: PMC6130870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to determine the effects of four weeks of intermittent exposure to a moderate hypoxia environment (15% oxygen), and compare with the effects of exercise in normoxia or hypoxia, on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, GLUT4 translocation, insulin receptor phosphorylation, Akt-dependent GSK3 phosphorylation and Akt activity in skeletal muscle of obese mice with type 2 diabetes. METHODS C57BL/6J mice that developed type 2 diabetes with a high-fat-diet (55% fat) (fasting blood glucose, FBG = 13.9 ± 0.69 (SD) mmol/L) were randomly allocated into diabetic control (DC), rest in hypoxia (DH), exercise in normoxia (DE), and exercise in hypoxia (DHE) groups (n = 7, each), together with a normal-diet (4% fat) control group (NC, FBG = 9.1 ± 1.11 (SD) mmol/L). The exercise groups ran on a treadmill at intensities of 75-90% VO2max. The interventions were applied one hour per day, six days per week for four weeks. Venous blood samples were analysed for FBG, insulin (FBI) and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) pre and post the intervention period. The quadriceps muscle samples were collected 72 hours post the last intervention session for analysis of GLUT4 translocation, insulin receptor phosphorylation, Akt expression and phosphorylated GSK3 fusion protein by western blot. Akt activity was determined by the ratio of the phosphorylated GSK3 fusion protein to the total Akt protein. RESULTS The FBG of the DH, DE and DHE groups returned to normal level (FBG = 9.4 ± 1.50, 8.86 ± 0.94 and 9.0 ± 1.13 (SD) mmol/L for DH, DE and DHE respectively, P < 0.05), with improved insulin sensitivity compared to DC (P < 0.05), after the four weeks treatment, while the NC and DC showed no significant changes, as analysed by general linear model with repeated measures. All three interventions resulted in a significant increase of GLUT4 translocation to cell membrane compared to the DC group (P < 0.05). The DE and DH showed a similar level of insulin receptor phosphorylation compared with NC that was significantly lower than the DC (P < 0.05) post intervention. The DH and DHE groups showed a significantly higher Akt activity compared to the DE, DC and NC (P < 0.05) post intervention, as analysed by one-way ANOVA. CONCLUSIONS This study produced new evidence that intermittent exposure to mild hypoxia (0.15 FiO2) for four weeks resulted in normalisation of FBG, improvement in whole body insulin sensitivity, and a significant increase of GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle, that were similar to the effects of exercise intervention during the same time period, in mice with diet-induced type 2 diabetes. However, exercise in hypoxia for four weeks did not have additive effects on these responses. The outcomes of the research may contribute to the development of effective, alternative and complementary interventions for management of hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes, particularly for individuals with limitations in participation of physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Li Wen
- Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Hao Wang
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - You-Yu He
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Allan Davie
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Suzanne Broadbent
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim YA, Jin SW, Oh SH, Lee GH, Pham HT, Choi JH, Chung YC, Lee WL, Kim SK, Jeong HG. Platycodon grandiflorum-derived saponin enhances exercise function, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and mitochondrial function. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:94-104. [PMID: 29723585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Lower physical performance is an important risk factor in hypokinetic-related chronic disease, metabolic syndrome, and muscle atrophy. Our previous research demonstrated that Platycodon grandiflorum-derived saponin (PS) protects against eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage and mitochondrial function-related peroxisomal acyl-coenzme A oxidase (ACOX-1) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-1) in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and it inhibits osteoclast differentiation. However, the effects of PS on physical performance remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether PS enhances physical activity and skeletal muscle function. Supplementation with PS (2 mg/kg for 4 weeks) increased grip strength, wheel running repetition, and time to exhaustion in treadmill and swimming exercises. Marked increases in the synthesis of skeletal muscle proteins and muscle stem cell-related paired-box 7 (PAX7) were observed, and a decrease in the negative regulator myostatin was associated with enhanced muscle regeneration. Furthermore, PS induced expression of mitochondrial function proteins, including OXPHOS-III and -IV, in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that PS enhances exercise function by ameliorating skeletal muscle protein synthesis and mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong An Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Hoon Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoa Thi Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Chung
- Department of Food Science, International University of Korea, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang Lok Lee
- Department of Sport Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poitras VJ, Hudson RW, Tschakovsky ME. Exercise intolerance in Type 2 diabetes: is there a cardiovascular contribution? J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:1117-1139. [PMID: 29420147 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00070.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is critically important for Type 2 diabetes management, yet adherence levels are poor. This might be partly due to disproportionate exercise intolerance. Submaximal exercise tolerance is highly sensitive to muscle oxygenation; impairments in exercising muscle oxygen delivery may contribute to exercise intolerance in Type 2 diabetes since there is considerable evidence for the existence of both cardiac and peripheral vascular dysfunction. While uncompromised cardiac output during submaximal exercise is consistently observed in Type 2 diabetes, it remains to be determined whether an elevated cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex could sympathetically restrain exercising muscle blood flow. Furthermore, while deficits in endothelial function are common in Type 2 diabetes and are often cited as impairing exercising muscle oxygen delivery, no direct evidence in exercise exists, and there are several other vasoregulatory mechanisms whose dysfunction could contribute. Finally, while there are findings of impaired oxygen delivery, conflicting evidence also exists. A definitive conclusion that Type 2 diabetes compromises exercising muscle oxygen delivery remains premature. We review these potentially dysfunctional mechanisms in terms of how they could impair oxygen delivery in exercise, evaluate the current literature on whether an oxygen delivery deficit is actually manifest, and correspondingly identify key directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica J Poitras
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario , Canada.,Department of Physiology, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario , Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Research Institute , Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
| | - Robert W Hudson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario , Canada
| | - Michael E Tschakovsky
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Parasoglou P, Rao S, Slade JM. Declining Skeletal Muscle Function in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Clin Ther 2017; 39:1085-1103. [PMID: 28571613 PMCID: PMC5503477 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present review highlights current concepts regarding the effects of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in skeletal muscle. It discusses the lack of effective pharmacologic treatments and the role of physical exercise intervention in limb protection and symptom reversal. It also highlights the importance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in providing a mechanistic understanding of the disease and helping develop targeted treatments. METHODS This review provides a comprehensive reporting on the effects of DPN in the skeletal muscle of patients with diabetes. It also provides an update on the most recent trials of exercise intervention targeting DPN pathology. Lastly, we report on emerging MRI techniques that have shown promise in providing a mechanistic understanding of DPN and can help improve the design and implementation of clinical trials in the future. FINDINGS Impairments in lower limb muscles reduce functional capacity and contribute to altered gait, increased fall risk, and impaired balance in patients with DPN. This finding is an important concern for patients with DPN because their falls are likely to be injurious and lead to bone fractures, poorly healing wounds, and chronic infections that may require amputation. Preliminary studies have shown that moderate-intensity exercise programs are well tolerated by patients with DPN. They can improve their cardiorespiratory function and partially reverse some of the symptoms of DPN. MRI has the potential to bring new mechanistic insights into the effects of DPN as well as to objectively measure small changes in DPN pathology as a result of intervention. IMPLICATIONS Noninvasive exercise intervention is particularly valuable in DPN because of its safety, low cost, and potential to augment pharmacologic interventions. As we gain a better mechanistic understanding of the disease, more targeted and effective interventions can be designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prodromos Parasoglou
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Smita Rao
- Department of Physical Therapy, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Jill M Slade
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ittichaicharoen J, Apaijai N, Tanajak P, Sa-Nguanmoo P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Impaired mitochondria and intracellular calcium transients in the salivary glands of obese rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 42:420-429. [PMID: 28177730 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) causes not only obese-insulin resistance, but is also associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in several organs. However, the effect of obese-insulin resistance on salivary glands has not been investigated. We hypothesized that obese-insulin resistance induced by HFD impaired salivary gland function by reducing salivation, increasing inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as impairing mitochondrial function and calcium transient signaling. Male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were fed either a ND or an HFD (n = 8/group) for 16 weeks. At the end of week 16, salivary flow rates, metabolic parameters, and plasma oxidative stress were determined. Rats were then sacrificed and submandibular glands were removed to determine inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, mitochondrial function and dynamics, and intracellular calcium transient signaling. Long-term consumption of an HFD caused obese-insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress, fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis in the salivary glands. In addition, impaired mitochondrial function, as indicated by increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and mitochondrial swelling in salivary glands and impaired intracellular calcium regulation, as indicated by a reduced intracellular calcium transient rising rate, decay rates, and amplitude of salivary acinar cells, were observed in HFD-fed rats. However, salivary flow rate and level of aquaporin 5 protein were not different between both groups. Although HFD consumption did not affect salivation, it caused obese-insulin resistance, leading to pathophysiological alteration of salivary glands, including impaired intracellular calcium transients, increased oxidative stress and inflammation, and salivary mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitjiroj Ittichaicharoen
- a Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- b Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pongpan Tanajak
- c Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Piangkwan Sa-Nguanmoo
- c Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- c Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- a Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gibbin EM, Chakravarti LJ, Jarrold MD, Christen F, Turpin V, Massamba N'Siala G, Blier PU, Calosi P. Can multi-generational exposure to ocean warming and acidification lead to the adaptation of life history and physiology in a marine metazoan? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 220:551-563. [PMID: 27903701 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.149989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ocean warming and acidification are concomitant global drivers that are currently threatening the survival of marine organisms. How species will respond to these changes depends on their capacity for plastic and adaptive responses. Little is known about the mechanisms that govern plasticity and adaptability or how global changes will influence these relationships across multiple generations. Here, we exposed the emerging model marine polychaete Ophryotrocha labronica to conditions simulating ocean warming and acidification, in isolation and in combination over five generations to identify: (i) how multiple versus single global change drivers alter both juvenile and adult life-history traits; (ii) the mechanistic link between adult physiological and fitness-related life-history traits; and (iii) whether the phenotypic changes observed over multiple generations are of plastic and/or adaptive origin. Two juvenile (developmental rate; survival to sexual maturity) and two adult (average reproductive body size; fecundity) life-history traits were measured in each generation, in addition to three physiological (cellular reactive oxygen species content, mitochondrial density, mitochondrial capacity) traits. We found that multi-generational exposure to warming alone caused an increase in juvenile developmental rate, reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial density, decreases in average reproductive body size and fecundity, and fluctuations in mitochondrial capacity, relative to control conditions. Exposure to ocean acidification alone had only minor effects on juvenile developmental rate. Remarkably, when both drivers of global change were present, only mitochondrial capacity was significantly affected, suggesting that ocean warming and acidification act as opposing vectors of stress across multiple generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Gibbin
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland .,Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Leela J Chakravarti
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1.,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD4811, Australia
| | - Michael D Jarrold
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1.,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD4811, Australia
| | - Felix Christen
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Vincent Turpin
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Gloria Massamba N'Siala
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Pierre U Blier
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, Canada G5L 3A1
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang D, Zhao J, Li S, Shen G, Hu S. Quercetin attenuates domoic acid-induced cognitive deficits in mice. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 21:123-131. [PMID: 28277184 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1231438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is one of the best known marine toxins, causative of important neurotoxic alterations. DA effects are documented both in wildlife and experimental assays, showing that this toxin causes severe injuries principally in the hippocampal area. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are involved in DA-induced cognitive functional impairment. Therefore, therapeutics targeted to improve mitochondrial function and increase oxidative stress defence could be beneficial. Quercetin, a bioflavanoid, has been reported to have potent neuroprotective effects and anti-oxidative ability, but its preventive effects on DA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment have not been well characterised. In this study, we evaluated the effects of quercetin on DA-induced cognitive deficits in mice and explored its potential mechanism. Our results showed that the oral administration of quercetin to DA-treated mice significantly improved their behavioural performance in a novel objective recognition task and a Morris water maze task. These improvements were mediated, at least in part, by a stimulation of PPARγ coactivator 1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis signalling and an amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, quercetin activated nuclear factorerythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-mediated phase II enzymes and decreased reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation. Furthermore, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity significantly increased in the quercetin-treated group. Taken together, these findings suggest that a reduction in mitochondrial dysfunction through the increase of AMPK activity, coupled with an increase in Nrf2 pathway mediated oxidative defence, may be one of the mechanisms by which quercetin improves cognitive impairment induced by DA in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- b Department of Pathology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Guomin Shen
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Shu Hu
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mitochondrial Epigenetic Changes Link to Increased Diabetes Risk and Early-Stage Prediabetes Indicator. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5290638. [PMID: 27298712 PMCID: PMC4889851 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5290638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by mitochondrial derangement and oxidative stress. With no known cure for T2D, it is critical to identify mitochondrial biomarkers for early diagnosis of prediabetes and disease prevention. Here we examined 87 participants on the diagnosis power of fasting glucose (FG) and hemoglobin A1c levels and investigated their interactions with mitochondrial DNA methylation. FG and A1c led to discordant diagnostic results irrespective of increased body mass index (BMI), underscoring the need of new biomarkers for prediabetes diagnosis. Mitochondrial DNA methylation levels were not correlated with late-stage (impaired FG or A1c) but significantly with early-stage (impaired insulin sensitivity) events. Quartiles of BMI suggested that mitochondrial DNA methylation increased drastically from Q1 (20 < BMI < 24.9, lean) to Q2 (30 < BMI < 34.9, obese), but marginally from Q2 to Q3 (35 < BMI < 39.9, severely obese) and from Q3 to Q4 (BMI > 40, morbidly obese). A significant change was also observed from Q1 to Q2 in HOMA insulin sensitivity but not in A1c or FG. Thus, mitochondrial epigenetic changes link to increased diabetes risk and the indicator of early-stage prediabetes. Further larger-scale studies to examine the potential of mitochondrial epigenetic marker in prediabetes diagnosis will be of critical importance for T2D prevention.
Collapse
|
22
|
Valkovič L, Chmelík M, Ukropcová B, Heckmann T, Bogner W, Frollo I, Tschan H, Krebs M, Bachl N, Ukropec J, Trattnig S, Krššák M. Skeletal muscle alkaline Pi pool is decreased in overweight-to-obese sedentary subjects and relates to mitochondrial capacity and phosphodiester content. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20087. [PMID: 26838588 PMCID: PMC4738275 DOI: 10.1038/srep20087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in skeletal muscle energy metabolism are indicative of systemic disorders such as obesity or type 2 diabetes. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-MRS), in particularly dynamic (31)P-MRS, provides a powerful tool for the non-invasive investigation of muscular oxidative metabolism. The increase in spectral and temporal resolution of (31)P-MRS at ultra high fields (i.e., 7T) uncovers new potential for previously implemented techniques, e.g., saturation transfer (ST) or highly resolved static spectra. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in muscle metabolism between overweight-to-obese sedentary (Ob/Sed) and lean active (L/Ac) individuals through dynamic, static, and ST (31)P-MRS at 7T. In addition, as the dynamic (31)P-MRS requires a complex setup and patient exercise, our aim was to identify an alternative technique that might provide a biomarker of oxidative metabolism. The Ob/Sed group exhibited lower mitochondrial capacity, and, in addition, static (31)P-MRS also revealed differences in the Pi-to-ATP exchange flux, the alkaline Pi-pool, and glycero-phosphocholine concentrations between the groups. In addition to these differences, we have identified correlations between dynamically measured oxidative flux and static concentrations of the alkaline Pi-pool and glycero-phosphocholine, suggesting the possibility of using high spectral resolution (31)P-MRS data, acquired at rest, as a marker of oxidative metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Valkovič
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Oxford Centre for Clinical MR Research (OCMR), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Chmelík
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Obesity section, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Thomas Heckmann
- Department of Sports and Physiological Performance, Centre of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Frollo
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Harald Tschan
- Department of Sports and Physiological Performance, Centre of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Krebs
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Bachl
- Department of Sports and Physiological Performance, Centre of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Obesity section, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Krššák
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Akagawa M, Nakano M, Ikemoto K. Recent progress in studies on the health benefits of pyrroloquinoline quinone. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:13-22. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1062715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, was identified initially as a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. Although PQQ is not biosynthesized in mammals, trace amounts of PQQ have been found in human and rat tissues because of its wide distribution in dietary sources. Importantly, nutritional studies in rodents have revealed that PQQ deficiency exhibits diverse systemic responses, including growth impairment, immune dysfunction, and abnormal reproductive performance. Although PQQ is not currently classified as a vitamin, PQQ has been implicated as an important nutrient in mammals. In recent years, PQQ has been receiving much attention owing to its physiological importance and pharmacological effects. In this article, we review the potential health benefits of PQQ with a focus on its growth-promoting activity, anti-diabetic effect, anti-oxidative action, and neuroprotective function. Additionally, we provide an update of its basic pharmacokinetics and safety information in oral ingestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsugu Akagawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakano
- Niigata Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc., Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ikemoto
- Niigata Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc., Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Macia M, Pecchi E, Vilmen C, Desrois M, Lan C, Portha B, Bernard M, Bendahan D, Giannesini B. Insulin Resistance Is Not Associated with an Impaired Mitochondrial Function in Contracting Gastrocnemius Muscle of Goto-Kakizaki Diabetic Rats In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129579. [PMID: 26057538 PMCID: PMC4461248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, altered lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle would play a major role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development, but the causal relationships between these events remain conflicting. To clarify this issue, gastrocnemius muscle function and energetics were investigated throughout a multidisciplinary approach combining in vivo and in vitro measurements in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a non-obese T2DM model developing peripheral insulin resistant without abnormal level of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Wistar rats were used as controls. Mechanical performance and energy metabolism were assessed strictly non-invasively using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and 31-phosphorus MR spectroscopy (31P-MRS). Compared with control group, plasma insulin and glucose were respectively lower and higher in GK rats, but plasma NEFA level was normal. In resting GK muscle, phosphocreatine content was reduced whereas glucose content and intracellular pH were both higher. However, there were not differences between both groups for basal oxidative ATP synthesis rate, citrate synthase activity, and intramyocellular contents for lipids, glycogen, ATP and ADP (an important in vivo mitochondrial regulator). During a standardized fatiguing protocol (6 min of maximal repeated isometric contractions electrically induced at a frequency of 1.7 Hz), mechanical performance and glycolytic ATP production rate were reduced in diabetic animals whereas oxidative ATP production rate, maximal mitochondrial capacity and ATP cost of contraction were not changed. These findings provide in vivo evidence that insulin resistance is not caused by an impairment of mitochondrial function in this diabetic model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Macia
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Emilie Pecchi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Vilmen
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Martine Desrois
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Lan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Portha
- Universitx Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire B2PE, Unité BFA, CNRS EAC 4413, Paris, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - David Bendahan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Benoît Giannesini
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, 13385, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Poitras VJ, Bentley RF, Hopkins-Rosseel DH, LaHaye SA, Tschakovsky ME. Independent effect of type 2 diabetes beyond characteristic comorbidities and medications on immediate but not continued knee extensor exercise hyperemia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:202-12. [PMID: 26048976 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00758.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes (T2D), when present in the characteristic constellation of comorbidities (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia) and medications, slows the dynamic adjustment of exercising muscle perfusion and blunts the steady state relative to that of controls matched for age, body mass index, fitness, comorbidities, and non-T2D medications. Thirteen persons with T2D and 11 who served as controls performed rhythmic single-leg isometric quadriceps exercise (rest-to-6 kg and 6-to-12 kg transitions, 5 min at each intensity). Measurements included leg blood flow (LBF, femoral artery ultrasound), mean arterial pressure (MAP, finger photoplethysmography), and leg vascular conductance (LVK, calculated). Dynamics were quantified using mean response time (MRT). Measures of amplitude were also used to compare response adjustment: the change from baseline to 1) the peak initial response (greatest 1-s average in the first 10 s; ΔLBFPIR, ΔLVKPIR) and 2) the on-transient (average from curve fit at 15, 45, and 75 s; ΔLBFON, ΔLVKON). ΔLBFPIR was significantly blunted in T2D vs. control individuals (P = 0.037); this was due to a tendency for reduced ΔLVKPIR (P = 0.063). In contrast, the overall response speed was not different between groups (MRT P = 0.856, ΔLBFON P = 0.150) nor was the change from baseline to steady state (P = 0.204). ΔLBFPIR, ΔLBFON, and LBF MRT did not differ between rest-to-6 kg and 6-to-12 kg workload transitions (all P > 0.05). Despite a transient amplitude impairment at the onset of exercise, there is no robust or consistent effect of T2D on top of the comorbidities and medications typical of this population on the overall dynamic adjustment of LBF, or the steady-state levels achieved during low- or moderate-intensity exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica J Poitras
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert F Bentley
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana H Hopkins-Rosseel
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen A LaHaye
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Michael E Tschakovsky
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang D, Yan J, Chen J, Wu W, Zhu X, Wang Y. Naringin Improves Neuronal Insulin Signaling, Brain Mitochondrial Function, and Cognitive Function in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:1061-71. [PMID: 25939427 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic and experimental studies have confirmed that the obesity induced by high-fat diet not only caused neuronal insulin resistance, but also induced brain mitochondrial dysfunction as well as learning impairment in mice. Naringin has been reported to posses biological functions which are beneficial to human cognitions, but its protective effects on HFD-induced cognitive deficits and underlying mechanisms have not been well characterized. In the present study Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed either a control or high-fat diet for 20 weeks and then randomized into four groups treated with their respective diets including control diet, control diet + naringin, high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet + naringin (HFDN). The behavioral performance was assessed by using novel object recognition test and Morris water maze test. Hippocampal mitochondrial parameters were analyzed. Then the protein levels of insulin signaling pathway and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot method. Our results showed that oral administration of naringin significantly improved the learning and memory abilities as evidenced by increasing recognition index by 52.5% in the novel object recognition test and inducing a 1.05-fold increase in the crossing-target number in the probe test, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in mice caused by HFD consumption. Moreover, naringin significantly enhanced insulin signaling pathway as indicated by a 34.5% increase in the expression levels of IRS-1, a 47.8% decrease in the p-IRS-1, a 1.43-fold increase in the p-Akt, and a 1.89-fold increase in the p-GSK-3β in the hippocampus of the HFDN mice versus HFD mice. Furthermore, the AMPK activity significantly increased in the naringin-treated (100 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) group. These findings suggest that an enhancement in insulin signaling and a decrease in mitochondrial dysfunction through the activation of AMPK may be one of the mechanisms that naringin improves cognitive functions in HFD-induced obese mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.6, Anhui Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, 471003, China.
| | - Junqiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Jinghua Road 24, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jingba Road 2, Zhengzhou, 450014, China
| | - Wenlan Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.6, Anhui Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.6, Anhui Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.6, Anhui Road, Jianxi District, Luoyang, 471003, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Iommarini L, Peralta S, Torraco A, Diaz F. Mitochondrial Diseases Part II: Mouse models of OXPHOS deficiencies caused by defects in regulatory factors and other components required for mitochondrial function. Mitochondrion 2015; 22:96-118. [PMID: 25640959 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are defined as defects that affect the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). They are characterized by a heterogeneous array of clinical presentations due in part to a wide variety of factors required for proper function of the components of the OXPHOS system. There is no cure for these disorders owing to our poor knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms of disease. To understand the mechanisms of human disease numerous mouse models have been developed in recent years. Here we summarize the features of several mouse models of mitochondrial diseases directly related to those factors affecting mtDNA maintenance, replication, transcription, translation as well as other proteins that are involved in mitochondrial dynamics and quality control which affect mitochondrial OXPHOS function without being intrinsic components of the system. We discuss how these models have contributed to our understanding of mitochondrial diseases and their pathogenic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40128 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Susana Peralta
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Alessandra Torraco
- Unit for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo, 15 - 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francisca Diaz
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hong J, Kim BW, Choo HJ, Park JJ, Yi JS, Yu DM, Lee H, Yoon GS, Lee JS, Ko YG. Mitochondrial complex I deficiency enhances skeletal myogenesis but impairs insulin signaling through SIRT1 inactivation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20012-25. [PMID: 24895128 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.560078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To address whether mitochondrial biogenesis is essential for skeletal myogenesis, C2C12 myogenesis was investigated after knockdown of NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquintone) flavoprotein 1 (NDUFV1), which is an oxidative phosphorylation complex I subunit that is the first subunit to accept electrons from NADH. The NDUFVI knockdown enhanced C2C12 myogenesis by decreasing the NAD(+)/NADH ratio and subsequently inactivating SIRT1 and SIRT1 activators (pyruvate, SRT1720, and resveratrol) abolished the NDUFV1 knockdown-induced myogenesis enhancement. However, the insulin-elicited activation of insulin receptor β (IRβ) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) was reduced with elevated levels of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B after NDUFV1 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes. The NDUFV1 knockdown-induced blockage of insulin signaling was released by protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B knockdown in C2C12 myotubes, and we found that NDUFV1 or SIRT1 knockdown did not affect mitochondria biogenesis during C2C12 myogenesis. Based on these data, we can conclude that complex I dysfunction-induced SIRT1 inactivation leads to myogenesis enhancement but blocks insulin signaling without affecting mitochondria biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hong
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Bong-Woo Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Seowon University, Cheongju, 361-742, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Choo
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Park
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Yi
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Dong-Min Yu
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - Gye-Soon Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-721, Korea, and
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 400-712, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- From the Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Croston TL, Thapa D, Holden AA, Tveter KJ, Lewis SE, Shepherd DL, Nichols CE, Long DM, Olfert IM, Jagannathan R, Hollander JM. Functional deficiencies of subsarcolemmal mitochondria in the type 2 diabetic human heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H54-65. [PMID: 24778174 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00845.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrion has been implicated in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Examination of cardiac mitochondria is complicated by the existence of spatially distinct subpopulations including subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM). Dysfunction to cardiac SSM has been reported in murine models of type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, subpopulation-based mitochondrial analyses have not been explored in type 2 diabetic human heart. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on cardiac mitochondrial function in the human patient. Mitochondrial subpopulations from atrial appendages of patients with and without type 2 diabetes were examined. Complex I- and fatty acid-mediated mitochondrial respiration rates were decreased in diabetic SSM compared with nondiabetic (P ≤ 0.05 for both), with no change in IFM. Electron transport chain (ETC) complexes I and IV activities were decreased in diabetic SSM compared with nondiabetic (P ≤ 0.05 for both), with a concomitant decline in their levels (P ≤ 0.05 for both). Regression analyses comparing comorbidities determined that diabetes mellitus was the primary factor accounting for mitochondrial dysfunction. Linear spline models examining correlative risk for mitochondrial dysfunction indicated that patients with diabetes display the same degree of state 3 and electron transport chain complex I dysfunction in SSM regardless of the extent of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and hyperglycemia. Overall, the results suggest that independent of other pathologies, mitochondrial dysfunction is present in cardiac SSM of patients with type 2 diabetes and the degree of dysfunction is consistent regardless of the extent of elevated HbA1c or blood glucose levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Croston
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Dharendra Thapa
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Anthony A Holden
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Kevin J Tveter
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Sara E Lewis
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Danielle L Shepherd
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Cody E Nichols
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Dustin M Long
- West Virginia University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - I Mark Olfert
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Rajaganapathi Jagannathan
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ren J, Yang B, Sherry AD, Malloy CR. Exchange kinetics by inversion transfer: integrated analysis of the phosphorus metabolite kinetic exchanges in resting human skeletal muscle at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:1359-69. [PMID: 24733433 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an inversion pulse-based, chemical exchange saturation transfer-like method for detection of (31) P magnetization exchanges among all nuclear magnetic resonance visible metabolites suitable for providing an integrated kinetic analysis of phosphorus exchange reactions in vivo. METHODS The exchange kinetics by inversion transfer (EKIT) sequence includes application of a frequency-selective inversion pulse arrayed over the range of relevant (31) P frequencies, followed by a constant delay and a hard readout pulse. A series of EKIT spectra, each given by a plot of Z-magnetization for each metabolite of interest versus frequency of the inversion pulse, can be generated from this single data set. RESULTS EKIT spectra reflect chemical exchange due to known biochemical reactions, cross-relaxation effects, and relayed magnetization transfers due to both processes. The rate constants derived from EKIT data collected on resting human skeletal muscle were: ATP synthesis via ATP synthase (0.050 ± 0.016 s(-1) ), ATP synthesis via creatine kinase (0.264 ± 0.023 s(-1) ), and cross-relaxation between neighboring spin pairs within ATP (0.164 ± 0.022 s(-1) ). CONCLUSION EKIT provides a simple, alternative method to detect chemical exchange, cross relaxation, and relayed magnetization transfer effects in human skeletal muscle at 7 T.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Ren
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheng Z, Schmelz EM, Liu D, Hulver MW. Targeting mitochondrial alterations to prevent type 2 diabetes-Evidence from studies of dietary redox-active compounds. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:1739-49. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Human Nutrition; Foods and Exercise; Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center; Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery; College of Agriculture and Life Science; Virginia Tech VA USA
| | - Eva M. Schmelz
- Department of Human Nutrition; Foods and Exercise; Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center; Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery; College of Agriculture and Life Science; Virginia Tech VA USA
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition; Foods and Exercise; Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center; Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery; College of Agriculture and Life Science; Virginia Tech VA USA
| | - Matthew W. Hulver
- Department of Human Nutrition; Foods and Exercise; Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center; Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery; College of Agriculture and Life Science; Virginia Tech VA USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hatef B, Bahrpeyma F, Mohajeri Tehrani MR. The comparison of muscle strength and short-term endurance in the different periods of type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:22. [PMID: 24476108 PMCID: PMC3929159 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are subjected to reduction in the quality and oxidative capacity of muscles. The effect of duration of diabetes on the muscle endurance response is not clear and strength as well. Objective The aim of this study was the assessment of strength and endurance of knee extensor and flexor in the patients with T2DM < 10 and T2DM > 10 years in comparison with age, sex, BMI, ABI and PAI-matched health control subjects. Methods Isometric maximal peak torque (MPT) of knee extensor and flexor before and after 40 isokinetic repetitions with velocity of 150 degree/s were recorded in 18 patients with T2DM < 10 Y , 12 patients with T2DM > 10 Y and 20 matched health control (HC) groups. Results Both diabetic patient groups had significant lower isometric and isotonic knee extensor and flexor strength than HC. The endurance indices indicated that whereas the isometric MPT of flexor movement was reduced after isokinetic protocol in the both patient groups in comparison with HC, the less decline was seen in the isotonic torque and work during isokinetic protocol in the T2DM > 10 Y group in comparison with two other groups. The HbA1c and FPG were significantly correlated with strength not with endurance indices. Conclusions It seems the progression of diabetes accompanied with vascular, neural and muscular deficits activate, some adaptive and compensatory processes which can maintain muscle performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farid Bahrpeyma
- Department of physical therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
This paper describes the interactions between ventilation and acid-base balance under a variety of conditions including rest, exercise, altitude, pregnancy, and various muscle, respiratory, cardiac, and renal pathologies. We introduce the physicochemical approach to assessing acid-base status and demonstrate how this approach can be used to quantify the origins of acid-base disorders using examples from the literature. The relationships between chemoreceptor and metaboreceptor control of ventilation and acid-base balance summarized here for adults, youth, and in various pathological conditions. There is a dynamic interplay between disturbances in acid-base balance, that is, exercise, that affect ventilation as well as imposed or pathological disturbances of ventilation that affect acid-base balance. Interactions between ventilation and acid-base balance are highlighted for moderate- to high-intensity exercise, altitude, induced acidosis and alkalosis, pregnancy, obesity, and some pathological conditions. In many situations, complete acid-base data are lacking, indicating a need for further research aimed at elucidating mechanistic bases for relationships between alterations in acid-base state and the ventilatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael I Lindinger
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Valkovič L, Ukropcová B, Chmelík M, Baláž M, Bogner W, Schmid AI, Frollo I, Zemková E, Klimeš I, Ukropec J, Trattnig S, Krššák M. Interrelation of 31P-MRS metabolism measurements in resting and exercised quadriceps muscle of overweight-to-obese sedentary individuals. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:1714-1722. [PMID: 23949699 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-MRS) enables the non-invasive evaluation of muscle metabolism. Resting Pi-to-ATP flux can be assessed through magnetization transfer (MT) techniques, and maximal oxidative flux (Q(max)) can be calculated by monitoring of phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery after exercise. In this study, the muscle metabolism parameters of 13 overweight-to-obese sedentary individuals were measured with both MT and dynamic PCr recovery measurements, and the interrelation between these measurements was investigated. In the dynamic experiments, knee extensions were performed at a workload of 30% of maximal voluntary capacity, and the consecutive PCr recovery was measured in a quadriceps muscle with a time resolution of 2 s with non-localized (31)P-MRS at 3 T. Resting skeletal muscle metabolism was assessed through MT measurements of the same muscle group at 7 T. Significant linear correlations between the Q(max) and the MT parameters k(ATP) (r = 0.77, P = 0.002) and F(ATP) (r = 0.62, P = 0.023) were found in the study population. This would imply that the MT technique can possibly be used as an alternative method to assess muscle metabolism when necessary (e.g. in individuals after stroke or in uncooperative patients).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Valkovič
- MR Centre of Excellence, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
van de Weijer T, Sparks LM, Phielix E, Meex RC, van Herpen NA, Hesselink MKC, Schrauwen P, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB. Relationships between mitochondrial function and metabolic flexibility in type 2 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e51648. [PMID: 23418416 PMCID: PMC3572106 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility have been implicated in the etiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet their interrelationship remains speculative. We investigated these interrelationships in a group of T2D and obese normoglycemic control subjects. Methods 49 non-insulin dependent male T2D patients and 54 male control subjects were enrolled, and a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and indirect calorimetry were performed. A muscle biopsy was taken and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) was measured. In vivo mitochondrial function was measured by PCr recovery in 30 T2D patients and 31 control subjects. Results Fasting NEFA levels were significantly elevated in T2D patients compared with controls, but IMCL was not different. Mitochondrial function in T2D patients was compromised by 12.5% (p<0.01). Whole body glucose disposal (WGD) was higher at baseline and lower after insulin stimulation. Metabolic flexibility (ΔRER) was lower in the type 2 diabetic patients (0.050±0.033 vs. 0.093±0.050, p<0.01). Mitochondrial function was the sole predictor of basal respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (R2 = 0.18, p<0.05); whereas WGD predicted both insulin-stimulated RER (R2 = 0.29, p<0.001) and metabolic flexibility (R2 = 0.40, p<0.001). Conclusions These results indicate that defects in skeletal muscle in vivo mitochondrial function in type 2 diabetic patients are only reflected in basal substrate oxidation and highlight the importance of glucose disposal rate as a determinant of substrate utilization in response to insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tineke van de Weijer
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Marie Sparks
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Phielix
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth Carla Meex
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Noud Antonius van Herpen
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Karel C. Hesselink
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Vera Bettina Schrauwen-Hinderling
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kristensen JM, Larsen S, Helge JW, Dela F, Wojtaszewski JFP. Two weeks of metformin treatment enhances mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle of AMPK kinase dead but not wild type mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53533. [PMID: 23341947 PMCID: PMC3544921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is used as an anti-diabetic drug. Metformin ameliorates insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity in liver and skeletal muscle. Reduced mitochondrial content has been reported in type 2 diabetic muscles and it may contribute to decreased insulin sensitivity characteristic for diabetic muscles. The molecular mechanism behind the effect of metformin is not fully clarified but inhibition of complex I in the mitochondria and also activation of the 5'AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been reported in muscle. Furthermore, both AMPK activation and metformin treatment have been associated with stimulation of mitochondrial function and biogenesis. However, a causal relationship in skeletal muscle has not been investigated. We hypothesized that potential effects of in vivo metformin treatment on mitochondrial function and protein expressions in skeletal muscle are dependent upon AMPK signaling. We investigated this by two weeks of oral metformin treatment of muscle specific kinase dead α(2) (KD) AMPK mice and wild type (WT) littermates. We measured mitochondrial respiration and protein activity and expressions of key enzymes involved in mitochondrial carbohydrate and fat metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial respiration, HAD and CS activity, PDH and complex I-V and cytochrome c protein expression were all reduced in AMPK KD compared to WT tibialis anterior muscles. Surprisingly, metformin treatment only enhanced respiration in AMPK KD mice and thereby rescued the respiration defect compared to the WT mice. Metformin did not influence protein activities or expressions in either WT or AMPK KD mice.We conclude that two weeks of in vivo metformin treatment enhances mitochondrial respiration in the mitochondrial deficient AMPK KD but not WT mice. The improvement seems to be unrelated to AMPK, and does not involve changes in key mitochondrial proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas M Kristensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology Group, August Krogh Centre, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Constantinescu S, Turcotte LP. Genetic downregulation of receptor-interacting protein 140 uncovers the central role of Akt signalling in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle cells. Exp Physiol 2012; 98:514-25. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.068833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
38
|
Galgani JE, Johannsen NM, Bajpeyi S, Costford SR, Zhang Z, Gupta AK, Ravussin E. Role of skeletal muscle mitochondrial density on exercise-stimulated lipid oxidation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:1387-93. [PMID: 21681225 PMCID: PMC4104481 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2011.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial density is proposed to lead to impaired muscle lipid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation in sedentary individuals. We assessed exercise-stimulated lipid oxidation by imposing a prolonged moderate-intensity exercise in men with variable skeletal muscle mitochondrial density as measured by citrate synthase (CS) activity. After a 2-day isoenergetic high-fat diet, lipid oxidation was measured before and during exercise (650 kcal at 50% VO(2)max) in 20 healthy men with either high (HI-CS = 24 ± 1; mean ± s.e.) or low (LO-CS = 17 ± 1 nmol/min/mg protein) muscle CS activity. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained before and immediately after exercise. Respiratory exchange data and blood samples were collected at rest and throughout the exercise. HI-CS subjects had higher VO(2)max (50 ± 1 vs. 44 ± 2 ml/kg fat free mass/min; P = 0.01), lower fasting respiratory quotient (RQ) (0.81 ± 0.01 vs. 0.85 ± 0.01; P = 0.04) and higher ex vivo muscle palmitate oxidation (866 ± 168 vs. 482 ± 78 nmol/h/mg muscle; P = 0.05) compared to LO-CS individuals. However, whole-body exercise-stimulated lipid oxidation (20 ± 2 g vs. 19 ± 1 g; P = 0.65) and plasma glucose, lactate, insulin, and catecholamine responses were similar between the two groups. In conclusion, in response to the same energy demand during a moderate prolonged exercise bout, reliance on lipid oxidation was similar in individuals with high and low skeletal muscle mitochondrial density. This data suggests that decreased muscle mitochondrial density may not necessarily impair reliance on lipid oxidation over the course of the day since it was normal under a high-lipid oxidative demand condition. Twenty-four-hour lipid oxidation and its relationship with mitochondrial density need to be assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose E Galgani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Das M, Sarma BP, Ahmed G, Nirmala CB, Choudhury MK. In vitro anti oxidant activity total phenolic content of Dillenia indica Garcinia penducalata, commonly used fruits in Assamese cuisine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2012.2.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
40
|
Hansen E, Landstad BJ, Gundersen KT, Torjesen PA, Svebak S. Insulin Sensitivity After Maximal and Endurance Resistance Training. J Strength Cond Res 2012; 26:327-34. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e318220e70f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
41
|
Pipatpiboon N, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. PPARγ agonist improves neuronal insulin receptor function in hippocampus and brain mitochondria function in rats with insulin resistance induced by long term high-fat diets. Endocrinology 2012; 153:329-38. [PMID: 22109891 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that a high-fat diet (HFD) consumption can cause not only peripheral insulin resistance, but also neuronal insulin resistance. Moreover, the consumption of an HFD has been shown to cause mitochondrial dysfunction in both the skeletal muscle and liver. Rosiglitazone, a peroxizome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligand, is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies suggested that rosiglitazone can improve learning and memory in both human and animal models. However, the effects of rosiglitazone on neuronal insulin resistance and brain mitochondria after the HFD consumption have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone improves neuronal insulin resistance caused by a HFD via attenuating the dysfunction of neuronal insulin receptors and brain mitochondria. Rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg · d) was given for 14 d to rats that were fed with either a HFD or normal diet for 12 wk. After the 14(th) week, all animals were euthanized, and their brains were removed and examined for insulin-induced long-term depression, neuronal insulin signaling, and brain mitochondrial function. We found that rosiglitazone significantly improved peripheral insulin resistance and insulin-induced long-term depression and increased neuronal Akt/PKB-ser phosphorylation in response to insulin. Furthermore, rosiglitazone prevented brain mitochondrial conformational changes and attenuated brain mitochondrial swelling, brain mitochondrial membrane potential changes, and brain mitochondrial ROS production. Our data suggest that neuronal insulin resistance and the impairment of brain mitochondria caused by a 12-wk HFD consumption can be reversed by rosiglitazone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noppamas Pipatpiboon
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rabøl R, Svendsen PF, Skovbro M, Boushel R, Schjerling P, Nilas L, Madsbad S, Dela F. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 2011; 165:631-7. [PMID: 21798960 DOI: 10.1530/eje-11-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with skeletal muscle insulin resistance (IR), which has been linked to decreased mitochondrial function. We measured mitochondrial respiration in lean and obese women with and without PCOS using high-resolution respirometry. METHODS Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (40 mU/min per m(2)) and muscle biopsies were performed on 23 women with PCOS (nine lean (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m(2)) and 14 obese (BMI >25 kg/m(2))) and 17 age- and weight-matched controls (six lean and 11 obese). Western blotting and high-resolution respirometry was used to determine mitochondrial function. RESULTS Insulin sensitivity decreased with PCOS and increasing body weight. Mitochondrial respiration with substrates for complex I and complex I+II were similar in all groups, and PCOS was not associated with a decrease in mitochondrial content as measured by mitochondrial DNA/genomic DNA. We found no correlation between mitochondrial function and indices of insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to previous reports, we found no evidence that skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration is reduced in skeletal muscle of women with PCOS compared with control subjects. Furthermore, mitochondrial content did not differ between our control and PCOS groups. These results question the causal relationship between reduced mitochondrial function and skeletal muscle IR in PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Rabøl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3b, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Poussin C, Ibberson M, Hall D, Ding J, Soto J, Abel ED, Thorens B. Oxidative phosphorylation flexibility in the liver of mice resistant to high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis. Diabetes 2011; 60:2216-24. [PMID: 21752958 PMCID: PMC3161312 DOI: 10.2337/db11-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify metabolic pathways that may underlie susceptibility or resistance to high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed comparative transcriptomic analysis of the livers of A/J and C57Bl/6 mice, which are, respectively, resistant and susceptible to high-fat diet-induced hepatosteatosis and obesity. Mice from both strains were fed a normal chow or a high-fat diet for 2, 10, and 30 days, and transcriptomic data were analyzed by time-dependent gene set enrichment analysis. Biochemical analysis of mitochondrial respiration was performed to confirm the transcriptomic analysis. RESULTS Time-dependent gene set enrichment analysis revealed a rapid, transient, and coordinate upregulation of 13 oxidative phosphorylation genes after initiation of high-fat diet feeding in the A/J, but not in the C57Bl/6, mouse livers. Biochemical analysis using liver mitochondria from both strains of mice confirmed a rapid increase by high-fat diet feeding of the respiration rate in A/J but not C57Bl/6 mice. Importantly, ATP production was the same in both types of mitochondria, indicating increased uncoupling of the A/J mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS Together with previous data showing increased expression of mitochondrial β-oxidation genes in C57Bl/6 but not A/J mouse livers, our present study suggests that an important aspect of the adaptation of livers to high-fat diet feeding is to increase the activity of the oxidative phosphorylation chain and its uncoupling to dissipate the excess of incoming metabolic energy and to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species. The flexibility in oxidative phosphorylation activity may thus participate in the protection of A/J mouse livers against the initial damages induced by high-fat diet feeding that may lead to hepatosteatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carinne Poussin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Hall
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun Ding
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jamie Soto
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Bernard Thorens,
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ratkevicius A, Carroll AM, Kilikevicius A, Venckunas T, McDermott KT, Gray SR, Wackerhage H, Lionikas A. H55N polymorphism as a likely cause of variation in citrate synthase activity of mouse skeletal muscle. Physiol Genomics 2010; 42A:96-102. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00066.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrate synthase (CS) is an enzyme of the Krebs cycle that plays a key role in mitochondrial metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying low activity of citrate synthase (CS) in A/J mice compared with other inbred strains of mice. Enzyme activity, protein content, and mRNA levels of CS were studied in the quadriceps muscles of A/J, BALB/cByJ, C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, DBA/2J, and PWD/PhJ strains of mice. Cytochrome c protein content was also measured. The results of the study indicate that A/J mice have a 50–65% reduction in CS activity compared with other strains despite similar levels of Cs mRNA and lack of differences in CS and cytochrome c protein content. CS from A/J mice also showed lower Michaelis constant ( Km) for both acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate compared with the other strains of mice. In silico analysis of the genomic sequence identified a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs29358506, H55N) in Cs gene occurring near the site of the protein interacting with acetyl CoA. Allelic variants of the polymorphism segregated with the catalytic properties of CS enzyme among the strains. In summary, H55N polymorphism in Cs could be the underlying cause of low CS activity and its high affinity for substrates in A/J mice compared with other strains. This SNP might also play a role in resistance to obesity of A/J mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aivaras Ratkevicius
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew M. Carroll
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| | - Audrius Kilikevicius
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiotherapy, Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiotherapy, Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kevin T. McDermott
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| | - Stuart R. Gray
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| | - Arimantas Lionikas
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; and
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rabøl R, Boushel R, Almdal T, Hansen CN, Ploug T, Haugaard SB, Prats C, Madsbad S, Dela F. Opposite effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone on mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12:806-14. [PMID: 20649633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01237.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Skeletal muscle insulin resistance has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. We examined how improvements in muscular insulin sensitivity following rosiglitazone (ROSI) or pioglitazone (PIO) treatment would affect muscle mitochondrial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Muscle biopsies were obtained from 21 patients with T2DM before and after 12 weeks on either ROSI (4 mg once daily) [n = 12; age, 59.2 +/- 2.2 years; body mass index (BMI), 29.6 +/- 0.7 kg/m(2)] or PIO (30 mg once daily) (n = 9; age, 56.3 +/- 2.4 years; BMI, 29.5 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2)). An age- and BMI-matched control group was also included (n = 8; age, 61.8 +/- 2.3 years; BMI, 28.4 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2)). Insulin sensitivity, citrate synthase- and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD) activity, intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) and protein content of complexes I-IV were measured, while mitochondrial respiration per milligram muscle was measured in saponin-treated skinned muscle fibres using high-resolution respirometry. RESULTS Mitochondrial respiration per milligram muscle was lower in T2DM compared to controls at baseline and decreased during ROSI treatment but increased during PIO treatment. Citrate synthase activity and average protein content of complexes I-IV were unchanged in the ROSI group, but protein content of complexes II and III increased during PIO treatment. Insulin sensitivity improved in all patients, but IMTG levels were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS We show opposite effects of ROSI and PIO on mitochondrial respiration, and also show that insulin sensitivity can be improved independently of changes in mitochondrial respiration. We confirm that mitochondrial respiration is reduced in T2DM compared to age- and BMI-matched control subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rabøl
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ekberg NR, Brismar K, Malmstedt J, Hedblad MA, Adamson U, Ungerstedt U, Wisniewski N. Analyte flux at a biomaterial-tissue interface over time: implications for sensors for type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2010; 4:1063-72. [PMID: 20920426 PMCID: PMC2956810 DOI: 10.1177/193229681000400505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The very presence of an implanted sensor (a foreign body) causes changes in the adjacent tissue that may alter the analytes being sensed. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in glucose availability and local tissue metabolism at the sensor-tissue interface in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD Microdialysis was used to model implanted sensors. Capillary glucose and subcutaneous (sc) microdialysate analytes were monitored in five T1DM and five T2DM patients. Analytes included glucose, glycolysis metabolites (lactate, pyruvate), a lipolysis metabolite (glycerol), and a protein degradation byproduct (urea). On eight consecutive days, four measurements were taken during a period of steady state blood glucose. RESULTS Microdialysate glucose and microdialysate-to-blood-glucose ratio increased over the first several days in all patients. Although glucose recovery eventually stabilized, the lactate levels continued to rise. These trends were explained by local inflammatory and microvascular changes observed in histological analysis of biopsy samples. Urea concentrations mirrored glucose trends. Urea is neither produced nor consumed in sc tissue, and so the initially increasing urea trend is explained by increased local capillary presence during the inflammatory process. Pyruvate in T2DM microdialysate was significantly higher than in T1DM, an observation that is possibly explained by mitochondrial dysfunction in T2DM. Glycerol in T2DM microdialysate (but not in T1DM) was higher than in healthy volunteers, which is likely explained by sc insulin resistance (insulin is a potent antilipolytic hormone). Urea was also higher in microdialysate of patients with diabetes mellitus compared to healthy volunteers. Urea is a byproduct of protein degradation, which is known to be inhibited by insulin. Therefore, insulin deficiency or resistance may explain the higher urea levels. To our knowledge, this is the first histological evaluation of a human tissue biopsy containing an implanted glucose monitoring device. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring metabolic changes at a material-tissue interface combined with biopsy histology helped to formulate an understanding of physiological changes adjacent to implanted glucose sensors. Microdialysate glucose trends were similar over 1-week in T1DM and T2DM; however, differences in other analytes indicated wound healing and metabolic activities in the two patient groups differ. We propose explanations for the specific observed differences based on differential insulin insufficiency/resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in T1DM versus T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rajamand Ekberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dabkowski ER, Baseler WA, Williamson CL, Powell M, Razunguzwa TT, Frisbee JC, Hollander JM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the type 2 diabetic heart is associated with alterations in spatially distinct mitochondrial proteomes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H529-40. [PMID: 20543078 PMCID: PMC2930393 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00267.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac complications and heart failure are the leading cause of death in type 2 diabetic patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction is central in the pathogenesis of the type 2 diabetic heart. However, it is unclear whether this dysfunction is specific for a particular subcellular region. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mitochondrial dysfunction in the type 2 diabetic heart is specific to a spatially distinct subset of mitochondria. We investigated mitochondrial morphology, function, and proteomic composition of subsarcolemmal mitochondria (SSM) and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) in 18-wk-old db/db mice. Oxidative damage was assessed in subpopulations through the measurement of lipid peroxidation byproducts and nitrotyrosine residues. Proteomic profiles and posttranslational modifications were assessed in mitochondrial subpopulations using iTRAQ and multi-dimensional protein identification technologies, respectively. SSM from db/db hearts had altered morphology, including a decrease in size and internal complexity, whereas db/db IFM were increased in internal complexity. Db/db SSM displayed decreased state 3 respiration rates, electron transport chain activities, ATP synthase activities, and mitochondrial membrane potential and increased oxidative damage, with no change in IFM. Proteomic assessment revealed a greater impact on db/db SSM compared with db/db IFM. Inner mitochondrial membrane proteins, including electron transport chain, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial protein import machinery, were predominantly decreased. We provide evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction in the type 2 diabetic heart is associated with a specific subcellular locale. Furthermore, mitochondrial morphological and functional indexes are impacted differently during type 2 diabetic insult and may result from the modulation of spatially distinct mitochondrial proteomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erinne R Dabkowski
- West Virginia Univ. School of Medicine, Div. of Exercise Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, 1 Medical Center Dr., Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
van den Broek NMA, Ciapaite J, Nicolay K, Prompers JJ. Comparison of in vivo postexercise phosphocreatine recovery and resting ATP synthesis flux for the assessment of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 299:C1136-43. [PMID: 20668212 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
(31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been used to assess skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in vivo by measuring 1) phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery after exercise or 2) resting ATP synthesis flux with saturation transfer (ST). In this study, we compared both parameters in a rat model of mitochondrial dysfunction with the aim of establishing the most appropriate method for the assessment of in vivo muscle mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced in adult Wistar rats by daily subcutaneous injections with the complex I inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) for 2 wk. In vivo (31)P MRS measurements were supplemented by in vitro measurements of oxygen consumption in isolated mitochondria. Two weeks of DPI treatment induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as evidenced by a 20% lower maximal ADP-stimulated oxygen consumption rate in isolated mitochondria from DPI-treated rats oxidizing pyruvate plus malate. This was paralleled by a 46% decrease in in vivo oxidative capacity, determined from postexercise PCr recovery. Interestingly, no significant difference in resting, ST-based ATP synthesis flux was observed between DPI-treated rats and controls. These results show that PCr recovery after exercise has a more direct relationship with skeletal muscle mitochondrial function than the ATP synthesis flux measured with (31)P ST MRS in the resting state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N M A van den Broek
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wei JN, Li HY, Wang YC, Chuang LM, Lin MS, Lin CH, Sung FC. Detailed family history of diabetes identified children at risk of type 2 diabetes: a population-based case-control study. Pediatr Diabetes 2010; 11:258-64. [PMID: 19708906 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children has increased dramatically. Mass screening is suffering and costly. It remains unknown if a detailed family diabetes mellitus history (FDMH) can identify children with different risks of T2D. This study investigated how FDMH was associated with childhood T2D. METHODS From 1992 to 1997, a nationwide survey conducted in Taiwan for all 3 000 000 school children aged between 6 and 18 yr identified 1966 children with diabetes. For comparison, 1780 children were randomly selected as the control group from all students with normal fasting glycemia (NFG). Telephonic Interviews were conducted using questionnaire for detailed FDMH. In the present analysis, 505 children with T2D and 619 children with NFG were enrolled. RESULTS Children with more family members having diabetes were more likely to have T2D. Children with the parental FDMH had a higher risk for T2D than children with the grandparental FDMH; the odds ratios (ORs) were 2.61 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-5.48, p < 0.05) for boys and 6.47 (95% CI 2.69-15.6, p < 0.05) for girls, adjusting for age, birth weight, gestational age and body mass index (BMI) z-score. Children with maternal FDMH had a higher risk for T2D than children with paternal FDMH, and much greater in boys (OR = 29.5, 95% CI 3.67-237, p < 0.05) than in girls (OR = 7.63, 95% CI 2.05-28.4, p < 0.05), adjusted for age, birth weight, gestational age, BMI z-score, and FDMH in grandparents. CONCLUSIONS Children with parental FDMH, especially the maternal FDMH, have an elevated risk for T2D. Detailed FDMH is a convenient alternative to identify children with different risks of T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Koonen DP, Sung MM, Kao CK, Dolinsky VW, Koves TR, Ilkayeva O, Jacobs RL, Vance DE, Light PE, Muoio DM, Febbraio M, Dyck JR. Alterations in skeletal muscle fatty acid handling predisposes middle-aged mice to diet-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes 2010; 59:1366-75. [PMID: 20299464 PMCID: PMC2874697 DOI: 10.2337/db09-1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although advanced age is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, a clear understanding of the changes that occur during middle age that contribute to the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance is currently lacking. Therefore, we sought to investigate how middle age impacts skeletal muscle fatty acid handling and to determine how this contributes to the development of diet-induced insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Whole-body and skeletal muscle insulin resistance were studied in young and middle-aged wild-type and CD36 knockout (KO) mice fed either a standard or a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Molecular signaling pathways, intramuscular triglycerides accumulation, and targeted metabolomics of in vivo mitochondrial substrate flux were also analyzed in the skeletal muscle of mice of all ages. RESULTS Middle-aged mice fed a standard diet demonstrated an increase in intramuscular triglycerides without a concomitant increase in insulin resistance. However, middle-aged mice fed a high-fat diet were more susceptible to the development of insulin resistance-a condition that could be prevented by limiting skeletal muscle fatty acid transport and excessive lipid accumulation in middle-aged CD36 KO mice. CONCLUSION Our data provide insight into the mechanisms by which aging becomes a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance. Our data also demonstrate that limiting skeletal muscle fatty acid transport is an effective approach for delaying the development of age-associated insulin resistance and metabolic disease during exposure to a high-fat diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debby P.Y. Koonen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Division Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda M.Y. Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cindy K.C. Kao
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vernon W. Dolinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Timothy R. Koves
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - René L. Jacobs
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dennis E. Vance
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter E. Light
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deborah M. Muoio
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio; and
| | - Jason R.B. Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Corresponding author: Jason R.B. Dyck,
| |
Collapse
|