1
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Goodus MT, Alfredo AN, Carson KE, Dey P, Pukos N, Schwab JM, Popovich PG, Gao J, Mo X, Bruno RS, McTigue DM. Spinal cord injury-induced metabolic impairment and steatohepatitis develops in non-obese rats and is exacerbated by premorbid obesity. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114847. [PMID: 38852834 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Impaired sensorimotor functions are prominent complications of spinal cord injury (SCI). A clinically important but less obvious consequence is development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including increased adiposity, hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. MetS predisposes SCI individuals to earlier and more severe diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared to the general population, which trigger life-threatening complications (e.g., stroke, myocardial infarcts). Although each comorbidity is known to be a risk factor for diabetes and other health problems in obese individuals, their relative contribution or perceived importance in propagating systemic pathology after SCI has received less attention. This could be explained by an incomplete understanding of MetS promoted by SCI compared with that from the canonical trigger diet-induced obesity (DIO). Thus, here we compared metabolic-related outcomes after SCI in lean rats to those of uninjured rats with DIO. Surprisingly, SCI-induced MetS features were equal to or greater than those in obese uninjured rats, including insulin resistance, endotoxemia, hyperlipidemia, liver inflammation and steatosis. Considering the endemic nature of obesity, we also evaluated the effect of premorbid obesity in rats receiving SCI; the combination of DIO + SCI exacerbated MetS and liver pathology compared to either alone, suggesting that obese individuals that sustain a SCI are especially vulnerable to metabolic dysfunction. Notably, premorbid obesity also exacerbated intraspinal lesion pathology and worsened locomotor recovery after SCI. Overall, these results highlight that normal metabolic function requires intact spinal circuitry and that SCI is not just a sensory-motor disorder, but also has significant metabolic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Goodus
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anthony N Alfredo
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kaitlin E Carson
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Nicole Pukos
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jan M Schwab
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dana M McTigue
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Trautman ME, Green CL, MacArthur MR, Chaiyakul K, Alam YH, Yeh CY, Babygirija R, James I, Gilpin M, Zelenovskiy E, Green M, Marshall RN, Sonsalla MM, Flores V, Simcox JA, Ong IM, Malecki KC, Jang C, Lamming DW. Dietary isoleucine content defines the metabolic and molecular response to a Western diet. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596340. [PMID: 38895446 PMCID: PMC11185563 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The amino acid composition of the diet has recently emerged as a critical regulator of metabolic health. Consumption of the branched-chain amino acid isoleucine is positively correlated with body mass index in humans, and reducing dietary levels of isoleucine rapidly improves the metabolic health of diet-induced obese male C57BL/6J mice. However, it is unknown how sex, strain, and dietary isoleucine intake may interact to impact the response to a Western Diet (WD). Here, we find that although the magnitude of the effect varies by sex and strain, reducing dietary levels of isoleucine protects C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice of both sexes from the deleterious metabolic effects of a WD, while increasing dietary levels of isoleucine impairs aspects of metabolic health. Despite broadly positive responses across all sexes and strains to reduced isoleucine, the molecular response of each sex and strain is highly distinctive. Using a multi-omics approach, we identify a core sex- and strain- independent molecular response to dietary isoleucine, and identify mega-clusters of differentially expressed hepatic genes, metabolites, and lipids associated with each phenotype. Intriguingly, the metabolic effects of reduced isoleucine in mice are not associated with FGF21 - and we find that in humans plasma FGF21 levels are likewise not associated with dietary levels of isoleucine. Finally, we find that foods contain a range of isoleucine levels, and that consumption of dietary isoleucine is lower in humans with healthy eating habits. Our results demonstrate that the dietary level of isoleucine is critical in the metabolic and molecular response to a WD, and suggest that lowering dietary levels of isoleucine may be an innovative and translatable strategy to protect from the negative metabolic consequences of a WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E. Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yasmine H. Alam
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael Gilpin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Esther Zelenovskiy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Madelyn Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Ryan N. Marshall
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Michelle M. Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Victoria Flores
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Judith A Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Irene M. Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kristen C. Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705 USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Lewis-Sigler Institute of Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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3
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Shi L, Yang J, Tao Z, Zheng L, Bui T, Alonso R, Yue F, Cheng Z. Loss of FoxO1 activates an alternate mechanism of mitochondrial quality control for healthy adipose browning. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:371-385. [PMID: 38469619 PMCID: PMC10932742 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue is hallmarked by increased mitochondrial density and metabolic improvements. However, it remains largely unknown how mitochondrial turnover and quality control are regulated during adipose browning. In the present study, we found that mice lacking adipocyte FoxO1, a transcription factor that regulates autophagy, adopted an alternate mechanism of mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial turnover and quality control during adipose browning. Post-developmental deletion of adipocyte FoxO1 (adO1KO) suppressed Bnip3 but activated Fundc1/Drp1/OPA1 cascade, concurrent with up-regulation of Atg7 and CTSL. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis was stimulated via the Pgc1α/Tfam pathway in adO1KO mice. These changes were associated with enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic health (e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity). By contrast, silencing Fundc1 or Pgc1α reversed the changes induced by silencing FoxO1, which impaired mitochondrial quality control and function. Ablation of Atg7 suppressed mitochondrial turnover and function, causing metabolic disorder (e.g., impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity), regardless of elevated markers of adipose browning. Consistently, suppression of autophagy via CTSL by high-fat diet was associated with a reversal of adO1KO-induced benefits. Our data reveal a unique role of FoxO1 in coordinating mitophagy receptors (Bnip3 and Fundc1) for a fine-tuned mitochondrial turnover and quality control, underscoring autophagic clearance of mitochondria as a prerequisite for healthy browning of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
| | - Jinying Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, U.S.A
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
| | - Tyler F. Bui
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Ramon L. Alonso
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, U.S.A
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, U.S.A
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4
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Feng Y, Wu H, Feng L, Zhang R, Feng X, Wang W, Xu H, Fu F. Maternal F-53B exposure during pregnancy and lactation induced glucolipid metabolism disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes by disturbing gut microbiota in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170130. [PMID: 38242462 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In the metal plating industry, F-53B has been widely used for almost half a century as a replacement for perfluorooctane sulfonate. However, F-53B can reach the food chain and affect human health. Pregnant women have distinct physiological characteristics and may thus be more sensitive to the toxicity of F-53B. In the present study, F-53B was added to the drinking water of pregnant mice during gestation and lactation at doses of 0 mg/L (Ctrl), 0.57 mg/L (L-F), and 5.7 mg/L (H-F). The aim was to explore the potential effects of F-53B on glucolipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in dams. Results showed that F-53B induced disordered glucolipid metabolism, adverse pregnancy outcomes, hepatic inflammation, oxidative stress and substantially altered related biochemical parameters in maternal mice. Moreover, F-53B induced remarkable gut barrier damage and gut microbiota perturbation. Correlation analysis revealed that gut microbiota is associated with glucolipid metabolism disorders and hepatic inflammation. The fecal microbiota transplant experiment demonstrated that altered gut microbiota induced by F-53B caused metabolic disorders, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and gut barrier damage. These results suggested that maternal mice exposed to F-53B during gestation and lactation had an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes and highlighted the crucial role of the gut microbiota in this process, offering novel insights into the risk of F-53B to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hua Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lihua Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ruiying Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wanzhen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.
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5
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Carr KD, Weiner SP, Vasquez C, Schmidt AM. Involvement of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) in high fat-high sugar diet-induced anhedonia in rats. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114337. [PMID: 37625475 PMCID: PMC10592025 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and basic science investigation indicates a link between insulin resistance and anhedonia. Previous results of this laboratory point to impaired nucleus accumbens (NAc) insulin signaling as an underpinning of diet-induced anhedonia, based on use of a glucose lick microstructure assay. The present study evaluated whether advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE), known to mediate obesogenic diet-induced inflammation and pathological metabolic conditions, are involved in this behavioral change. Six weeks maintenance of male and female rats on a high fat-high sugar liquid diet (chocolate Ensure) increased body weight gain, and markedly increased circulating insulin and leptin, but induced anhedonia (decreased first minute lick rate and lick burst size) in males only. In these subjects, anhedonia correlated with plasma concentrations of insulin. Although the diet did not alter plasma or NAc AGEs, or the expression of RAGE in the NAc, marginally significant correlations were seen between anhedonia and plasma content of several AGEs and NAc RAGE. Importantly, a small molecule RAGE antagonist, RAGE229, administered twice daily by oral gavage, prevented diet-induced anhedonia. This beneficial effect was associated with improved adipose function, reflected in the adiponectin/leptin ratio, and increased pCREB/total CREB in the NAc, and a shift in the pCREB correlation with pThr34-DARPP-32 from near-zero to strongly positive, such that both phospho-proteins correlated with the rescued hedonic response. This set of findings suggests that the receptor/signaling pathway and cell type underlying the RAGE229-mediated increase in pCREB may mediate anhedonia and its prevention. The possible role of adipose tissue as a locus of diet-induced RAGE signaling, and source of circulating factors that target NAc to modify hedonic reactivity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Carr
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Sydney P Weiner
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Carolina Vasquez
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States; Departments of Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Departments of Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY 10016, United States
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Du L, Lü H, Chen Y, Yu X, Jian T, Zhao H, Wu W, Ding X, Chen J, Li W. Blueberry and Blackberry Anthocyanins Ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6J Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14649-14665. [PMID: 37755883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, blueberry (Vaccinium ssp.) anthocyanins (VA) and blackberry (Rubus L.) anthocyanins (RA) were used to investigate the effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the potential mechanisms. Importantly, all of the data presented in this study were obtained from experiments conducted on mice. As a result, VA and RA reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation while improving liver damage, inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolism induced by a high-fat diet. Moreover, VA and RA regulated the gut microbiota composition, decreasing the pro-obesity and proinflammation bacteria taxa, such as the phylum Actinobacterium and the genera Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, and increasing those negatively associated with obesity and inflammation, such as the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera Prevotella and Oscillospira. Additionally, the supplementation with VA and RA reversed the elevated levels of valeric, caproic, and isovaleric acids observed in the high-fat diet (HFD) group, bringing them closer to the levels observed in the Chow group. This reversal indicated that alterations in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota may contribute to the restoration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels. Additionally, PICRUSt2 exhibited that cyanamino acid metabolism and betalain biosynthesis might be the major metabolic pathways in the HVA group compared with the HFD group, while in the HRA group, it was the phosphotransferase system. These findings suggest that VA and RA can ameliorate MetS by modulating the gut microbiota and production of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Du
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Han Lü
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Jiangsu Zhongzhi Ecological Plant Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211200, China
| | - Tunyu Jian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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7
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Shi L, Tao Z, Zheng L, Yang J, Hu X, Scott K, de Kloet A, Krause E, Collins JF, Cheng Z. FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation and iron influx by mediating Tgfβ1 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102727. [PMID: 37156218 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose plasticity is critical for metabolic homeostasis. Adipocyte transdifferentiation plays an important role in adipose plasticity, but the molecular mechanism of transdifferentiation remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the transcription factor FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation by mediating Tgfβ1 signaling pathway. Tgfβ1 treatment induced whitening phenotype in beige adipocytes, reducing UCP1 and mitochondrial capacity and enlarging lipid droplets. Deletion of adipose FoxO1 (adO1KO) dampened Tgfβ1 signaling by downregulating Tgfbr2 and Smad3 and induced browning of adipose tissue in mice, increasing UCP1 and mitochondrial content and activating metabolic pathways. Silencing FoxO1 also abolished the whitening effect of Tgfβ1 on beige adipocytes. The adO1KO mice exhibited a significantly higher energy expenditure, lower fat mass, and smaller adipocytes than the control mice. The browning phenotype in adO1KO mice was associated with an increased iron content in adipose tissue, concurrent with upregulation of proteins that facilitate iron uptake (DMT1 and TfR1) and iron import into mitochondria (Mfrn1). Analysis of hepatic and serum iron along with hepatic iron-regulatory proteins (ferritin and ferroportin) in the adO1KO mice revealed an adipose tissue-liver crosstalk that meets the increased iron requirement for adipose browning. The FoxO1-Tgfβ1 signaling cascade also underlay adipose browning induced by β3-AR agonist CL316243. Our study provides the first evidence of a FoxO1-Tgfβ1 axis in the regulation of adipose browning-whitening transdifferentiation and iron influx, which sheds light on the compromised adipose plasticity in conditions of dysregulated FoxO1 and Tgfβ1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jinying Yang
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Xinran Hu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Karen Scott
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - Annette de Kloet
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eric Krause
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
| | - James F Collins
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zhiyong Cheng
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Interdisciplinary Nutritional Sciences Doctoral Program, Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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8
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James JV, Varghese J, John NM, Deschemin JC, Vaulont S, McKie AT, Jacob M. Insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation induced by a high-fat diet are attenuated in the absence of hepcidin. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109175. [PMID: 36223834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increased body iron stores and inflammation in adipose tissue have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the underlying basis of these associations is unclear. To attempt to investigate this, we studied the development of IR and associated inflammation in adipose tissue in the presence of increased body iron stores. Male hepcidin knock-out (Hamp1-/-) mice, which have increased body iron stores, and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 and 24 weeks. Development of IR and metabolic parameters linked to this, insulin signaling in various tissues, and inflammation and iron-related parameters in visceral adipose tissue were studied in these animals. HFD-feeding resulted in impaired glucose tolerance in both genotypes of mice. In response to the HFD for 24 weeks, Hamp1-/- mice gained less body weight and developed less systemic IR than corresponding WT mice. This was associated with less lipid accumulation in the liver and decreased inflammation and lipolysis in the adipose tissue in the knock-out mice, than in the WT animals. Fewer macrophages infiltrated the adipose tissue in the knockout mice than in wild-type mice, with these macrophages exhibiting a predominantly anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotype and indirect evidence of a possible lowered intracellular iron content. The absence of hepcidin was thus associated with attenuated inflammation in the adipose tissue and increased whole-body insulin sensitivity, suggesting a role for it in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jithu Varghese James
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; Department of Diabetes & Obesity, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joe Varghese
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Deschemin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vaulont
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Tristan McKie
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Molly Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
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9
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Tavassoli H, Heidarianpour A, Hedayati M. The effects of resistance exercise training followed by de-training on irisin and some metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetic rat model. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:240-247. [PMID: 31588806 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1673432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of high-fat diet (HFD) consumption combined with diabetes induction, resistance exercise training (RET) and a de-training period on circulating irisin levels and selective metabolic parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were assigned to four groups (n = 8): healthy non-diabetic rats (NDC), non-diabetic rats that performed RET (NDR), sedentary HFD-fed/STZ-treated rats (HFD/STZ) and HFD-fed/STZ-treated rats that performed RET (HFD/STZ + RE). RESULTS HFD consumption reduced irisin level and Quicki (p < .01). After the 12-week period, levels of TC, TG, HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR and irisin were also lower in the HFD/STZ + RE group compared to the HFD/STZ group. Body weight and HOMA1-IR showed a positive (r = 0.558 and r = 0.538) whereas TC and LDL-C had a negative correlation (r = -0.461 and r = -0.630) with irisin level (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Irisin level increased along with the progress of obesity and T2DM. It seems that RET can attenuate the increase of irisin in those conditions by improvement of glucose/lipid metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Tavassoli
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ali Heidarianpour
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Green CL, Pak HH, Richardson NE, Flores V, Yu D, Tomasiewicz JL, Dumas SN, Kredell K, Fan JW, Kirsh C, Chaiyakul K, Murphy ME, Babygirija R, Barrett-Wilt GA, Rabinowitz J, Ong IM, Jang C, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Sex and genetic background define the metabolic, physiologic, and molecular response to protein restriction. Cell Metab 2022; 34:209-226.e5. [PMID: 35108511 PMCID: PMC8865085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Low-protein diets promote metabolic health in humans and rodents. Despite evidence that sex and genetic background are key factors in the response to diet, most protein intake studies examine only a single strain and sex of mice. Using multiple strains and both sexes of mice, we find that improvements in metabolic health in response to reduced dietary protein strongly depend on sex and strain. While some phenotypes were conserved across strains and sexes, including increased glucose tolerance and energy expenditure, we observed high variability in adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and circulating hormones. Using a multi-omics approach, we identified mega-clusters of differentially expressed hepatic genes, metabolites, and lipids associated with each phenotype, providing molecular insight into the differential response to protein restriction. Our results highlight the importance of sex and genetic background in the response to dietary protein level, and the potential importance of a personalized medicine approach to dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nicole E Richardson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Victoria Flores
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deyang Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jay L Tomasiewicz
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sabrina N Dumas
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Katherine Kredell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jesse W Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Charlie Kirsh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Krittisak Chaiyakul
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Michaela E Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Joshua Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Irene M Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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11
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Lieder B, Čonka J, Reiner AT, Zabel V, Ameur D, Somoza MM, Šebeková K, Celec P, Somoza V. Long-Term Consumption of a Sugar-Sweetened Soft Drink in Combination with a Western-Type Diet Is Associated with Morphological and Molecular Changes of Taste Markers Independent of Body Weight Development in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030594. [PMID: 35276952 PMCID: PMC8837962 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the long-term intake of a typical sugar-sweetened soft drink (sugar-sweetened beverage, SSB) alters markers for taste function when combined with a standard diet (chow) or a model chow mimicking a Western diet (WD). Adult male CD1 mice had ad libitum access to tap water or SSB in combination with either the chow or the WD for 24 weeks. Energy intake from fluid and food was monitored three times a week. Cardiometabolic markers (body weight and composition, waist circumference, glucose and lipid profile, and blood pressure) were analyzed at the end of the intervention, as was the number and size of the fungiform papillae as well as mRNA levels of genes associated with the different cell types of taste buds and taste receptors in the circumvallate papillae using a cDNA microarray and qPCR. Although the overall energy intake was higher in the WD groups, there was no difference in body weight or other cardiometabolic markers between the SSB and water groups. The chemosensory surface from the fungiform papillae was reduced by 36 ± 19% (p < 0.05) in the WD group after SSB compared to water intake. In conclusion, the consumption of the SSB reduced the chemosensory surface of the fungiform papillae of CD1 mice when applied in combination with a WD independent of body weight. The data suggest synergistic effects of a high sugar-high fat diet on taste dysfunction, which could further influence food intake and promote a vicious cycle of overeating and taste dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lieder
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jozef Čonka
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Agnes T. Reiner
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
| | - Victoria Zabel
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
| | - Dominik Ameur
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.A.); (M.M.S.)
| | - Mark M. Somoza
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (D.A.); (M.M.S.)
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
- Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
| | - Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81101 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.Č.); (K.Š.); (P.C.)
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.R.); (V.Z.); (V.S.)
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
- Nutritional Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85345 Freising, Germany
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12
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Chen J, Ding X, Wu R, Tong B, Zhao L, Lv H, Meng X, Liu Y, Ren B, Li J, Jian T, Li W. Novel Sesquiterpene Glycoside from Loquat Leaf Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Combined with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Composition. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14176-14191. [PMID: 34783554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sesquiterpene glycosides from loquat leaf achieved beneficial effects on metabolic syndromes such as NAFLD and diabetes; however, their specific activity and underlying mechanism on T2DM-associated NAFLD have not yet been fully understood. In the present study, we found that sesquiterpene glycoside 3 (SG3), a novel sesquiterpene glycoside isolated from loquat leaf, was able to prevent insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress, and inflammation. In db/db mice, SG3 administration (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) inhibited obesity, hyperglycemia, and the release of inflammatory cytokines. SG3 (5 and 10 μM) also significantly alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response induced by high glucose combined with oleic acid in HepG2 cells. Western blotting analysis showed that these effects were related to repair the abnormal insulin signaling and inhibit the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, SG3 treatment could decrease the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increase the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, and Lactobacillaceae after a high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA to observe the changes of related gut microbial composition in db/db mice. These findings proved that SG3 could protect against NAFLD in T2DM by improving IR, oxidative stress, inflammation through regulating insulin signaling and inhibiting CYP2E1/NLRP3 pathways, and remodeling the mouse gut microbiome. It is suggested that SG3 could be considered as a new functional additive for a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ruoyun Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bei Tong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Han Lv
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiuhua Meng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingru Ren
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tunyu Jian
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Forestry College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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13
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Dai W, Choubey M, Patel S, Singer HA, Ozcan L. Adipocyte CAMK2 deficiency improves obesity-associated glucose intolerance. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101300. [PMID: 34303021 PMCID: PMC8365526 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity-related adipose tissue dysfunction has been linked to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Impaired calcium homeostasis is associated with altered adipose tissue metabolism; however, the molecular mechanisms that link disrupted calcium signaling to metabolic regulation are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the contribution of a calcium-sensing enzyme, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2), to adipocyte function, obesity-associated insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance. METHODS To determine the impact of adipocyte CAMK2 deficiency on metabolic regulation, we generated a conditional knockout mouse model and acutely deleted CAMK2 in mature adipocytes. We further used in vitro differentiated adipocytes to dissect the mechanisms by which CAMK2 regulates adipocyte function. RESULTS CAMK2 activity was increased in obese adipose tissue, and depletion of adipocyte CAMK2 in adult mice improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance without an effect on body weight. Mechanistically, we found that activation of CAMK2 disrupted adipocyte insulin signaling and lowered the amount of insulin receptor. Further, our results revealed that CAMK2 contributed to adipocyte lipolysis, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced inflammation, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These results identify a new link between adipocyte CAMK2 activity, metabolic regulation, and whole-body glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dai
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mayank Choubey
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonal Patel
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Lale Ozcan
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Tudurí E, Soriano S, Almagro L, García-Heredia A, Rafacho A, Alonso-Magdalena P, Nadal Á, Quesada I. The effects of aging on male mouse pancreatic β-cell function involve multiple events in the regulation of secretion: influence of insulin sensitivity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:405-415. [PMID: 34562079 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity and an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. During conditions of reduced insulin sensitivity, pancreatic β-cells undergo adaptive responses to increase insulin secretion and maintain euglycemia. However, the existence and nature of β-cell adaptations and/or alterations during aging are still a matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the effects of aging on β-cell function from control (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) mice. Aged animals were further categorized in two groups: high insulin sensitive (aged-HIS) and low insulin sensitive (aged-LIS). Aged-LIS mice were hyperinsulinemic, glucose intolerant and displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion, whereas aged-HIS animals showed characteristics in glucose homeostasis similar to controls. In isolated β-cells, we observed that glucose-induced inhibition of KATP channel activity was reduced with aging, particularly in the aged-LIS group. Glucose-induced islet NAD(P)H production was decreased in aged mice, suggesting impaired mitochondrial function. In contrast, voltage-gated Ca 2+ currents were higher in aged-LIS β-cells, and pancreatic islets of both aged groups displayed increased glucose-induced Ca 2+ signaling and augmented insulin secretion compared with controls. Morphological analysis of pancreas sections also revealed augmented β-cell mass with aging, especially in the aged-LIS group, as well as ultrastructural β-cell changes. Altogether, these findings indicate that aged mouse β-cells compensate for the aging-induced alterations in the stimulus-secretion coupling, particularly by adjusting their Ca 2+ influx to ensure insulin secretion. These results also suggest that decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity exacerbates the effects of aging on β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tudurí
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Sergi Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Lucía Almagro
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Anabel García-Heredia
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Ángel Nadal
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
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15
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Tozzi M, Brown EL, Petersen PSS, Lundh M, Isidor MS, Plucińska K, Nielsen TS, Agueda-Oyarzabal M, Small L, Treebak JT, Emanuelli B. Dynamic interplay between Afadin S1795 phosphorylation and diet regulates glucose homeostasis in obese mice. J Physiol 2021; 600:885-902. [PMID: 34387373 DOI: 10.1113/jp281657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Afadin is a ubiquitously expressed scaffold protein with a recently discovered role in insulin signalling and glucose metabolism. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Afadin at S1795 occurs in insulin-responsive tissues such as adipose tissue, muscle, liver, pancreas and heart. Afadin abundance and AfadinS1795 phosphorylation are dynamically regulated in metabolic tissues during diet-induced obesity progression. Genetic silencing of AfadinS1795 phosphorylation improves glucose homeostasis in the early stages of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation. AfadinS1795 phosphorylation contributes to the early development of obesity-related complications in mice. ABSTRACT Obesity is associated with systemic insulin resistance and numerous metabolic disorders. Yet, the mechanisms underlying impaired insulin action during obesity remain to be fully elucidated. Afadin is a multifunctional scaffold protein with the ability to modulate insulin action through its phosphorylation at S1795 in adipocytes. In the present study, we report that insulin-stimulated AfadinS1795 phosphorylation is not restricted to adipose tissues, but is a common signalling event in insulin-responsive tissues including muscle, liver, pancreas and heart. Furthermore, a dynamic regulation of Afadin abundance occurred during diet-induced obesity progression, while its phosphorylation was progressively attenuated. To investigate the role of AfadinS1795 phosphorylation in the regulation of whole-body metabolic homeostasis, we generated a phospho-defective mouse model (Afadin SA) in which the Afadin phosphorylation site was silenced (S1795A) at the whole-body level using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing. Metabolic characterization of these mice under basal physiological conditions or during a high-fat diet (HFD) challenge revealed that preventing AfadinS1795 phosphorylation improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance and increased liver glycogen storage in the early stage of diet-induced metabolic dysregulation, without affecting body weight. Together, our findings reveal that AfadinS1795 phosphorylation in metabolic tissues is critical during obesity progression and contributes to promote systemic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in the early phase of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tozzi
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erin L Brown
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia S S Petersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lundh
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie S Isidor
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaja Plucińska
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas S Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marina Agueda-Oyarzabal
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lewin Small
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brice Emanuelli
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yang X, Chen Q, Ouyang Q, Rong P, Feng W, Quan C, Li M, Jiang Q, Liang H, Zhao TJ, Wang HY, Chen S. Tissue-Specific Splicing and Dietary Interaction of a Mutant As160 Allele Determine Muscle Metabolic Fitness in Rodents. Diabetes 2021; 70:1826-1842. [PMID: 33980689 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ethnic groups are physiologically and genetically adapted to their diets. Inuit bear a frequent AS160R684X mutation that causes type 2 diabetes. Whether this mutation evolutionarily confers adaptation in Inuit and how it causes metabolic disorders upon dietary changes are unknown due to limitations in human studies. Here, we develop a genetically modified rat model bearing an orthologous AS160R693X mutation, which mimics human patients exhibiting postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Importantly, a sugar-rich diet aggravates metabolic abnormalities in AS160R693X rats. The AS160R693X mutation diminishes a dominant long-variant AS160 without affecting a minor short-variant AS160 in skeletal muscle, which suppresses muscle glucose utilization but induces fatty acid oxidation. This fuel switch suggests a possible adaptation in Inuit who traditionally had lipid-rich hypoglycemic diets. Finally, induction of the short-variant AS160 restores glucose utilization in rat myocytes and a mouse model. Our findings have implications for development of precision treatments for patients bearing the AS160R684X mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Qiaoli Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Qian Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Ping Rong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Weikuan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Chao Quan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Min Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Shuai Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, and Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing
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Yi SJ, Xiong YW, Zhu HL, Dai LM, Cao XL, Liu WB, Shi XT, Zhou GX, Liu AY, Zhao LL, Zhang C, Gao L, Xu DX, Wang H. Environmental cadmium exposure during pregnancy causes diabetes-like phenotypes in mouse offspring: Association with oxidative stress in the fetal liver. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146006. [PMID: 33677283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a noxious heavy metal, is widespread in the living environment. Gestational exposure to Cd at environmental dose has been shown to cause fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, the long-term effects and the mechanisms underlying environmental Cd exposure on glucose metabolism in offspring remain unclear. Here, we established a murine model to study the impacts of gestational exposure to environmental Cd on glucose metabolism at different life stages of offspring. Results demonstrated that the offspring mice developed hyperglycemia in puberty and impaired glucose tolerance in adulthood following maternal Cd exposure during gestation. Further mechanistic investigation showed that Cd exposure upregulated the expression of key proteins in hepatic gluconeogenesis, including p-CREB, PGC-1α and G6PC, in pubertal and adult offspring. In addition, we demonstrated that Cd exposure during pregnancy markedly elevated the level of oxidative stress-related proteins, including NOX2, NOX4 and HO-1, in the fetal liver. The effects of gestational exposure to N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free-radical scavenging antioxidant, presented that NAC supplementation alleviated hepatic oxidative stress in fetuses, and thereby reversed hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in mouse offspring. Collectively, our data suggested that gestational exposure to environmental Cd caused diabetes-like phenotypes via enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis, which is associated with oxidative stress in fetal livers. This work provides new insights into the protective effects of antioxidants on fetal-originated diabetes triggered by environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Jia Yi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Min Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Lin Cao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Ting Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - A-Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China.
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18
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4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA) treatment reduces hyperglycemia and islet amyloid in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11878. [PMID: 34088954 PMCID: PMC8178353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid deposits in pancreatic islets, mainly formed by human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregation, have been associated with loss of β-cell mass and function, and are a pathological hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Treatment with chaperones has been associated with a decrease in endoplasmic reticulum stress leading to improved glucose metabolism. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA) prevents glucose metabolism abnormalities and amyloid deposition in obese agouti viable yellow (Avy) mice that overexpress hIAPP in β cells (Avy hIAPP mice), which exhibit overt diabetes. Oral PBA treatment started at 8 weeks of age, when Avy hIAPP mice already presented fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and impaired insulin secretion. PBA treatment strongly reduced the severe hyperglycemia observed in obese Avy hIAPP mice in fasting and fed conditions throughout the study. This effect was paralleled by a decrease in hyperinsulinemia. Importantly, PBA treatment reduced the prevalence and the severity of islet amyloid deposition in Avy hIAPP mice. Collectively, these results show that PBA treatment elicits a marked reduction of hyperglycemia and reduces amyloid deposits in obese and diabetic mice, highlighting the potential of chaperones for T2D treatment.
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Kothmann KH, Jacobsen V, Laffitte E, Bromfield C, Grizzaffi M, Jarboe M, Braundmeier-Fleming AG, Bahr JM, Nowak RA, Newell-Fugate AE. Virilizing doses of testosterone decrease circulating insulin levels and differentially regulate insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue of females. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E1107-E1118. [PMID: 33900852 PMCID: PMC8285596 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00281.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Transgender men undergoing hormone therapy are at risk for insulin resistance. However, how virilizing testosterone therapy affects serum insulin and peripheral insulin sensitivity in transgender men is unknown. This study assessed the effect of acute, virilizing testosterone on serum insulin concentrations and insulin signaling in liver, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT) of female pigs as a translational model for transgender men. Females received three doses of intramuscular testosterone cypionate (TEST females; 50 mg/day/pig) or corn oil (control) spaced 6 days apart starting on the day of estrus (D0). Fasting blood was collected on D0, D3, D5, D11, and D13, and females were euthanized on D13. On D13, TEST females had virilizing concentrations of serum testosterone with normal concentrations of serum estradiol. Virilizing serum testosterone concentrations (D13) were associated with decreased serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations. Blood glucose and serum glycerol concentrations were not altered by testosterone. Virilizing concentrations of testosterone downregulated AR and ESR1 in subcutaneous (sc) WAT and upregulated transcript levels of insulin-signaling pathway components in WAT and liver. At the protein level, virilizing testosterone concentrations were associated with increased PI3K 110α in liver and increased insulin receptor (INSR) and phospho(Ser256)-FOXO1 in visceral (v) WAT but decreased phospho(Ser473)-AKT in vWAT and scWAT. These results suggest that acute exposure to virilizing concentrations of testosterone suppresses circulating insulin levels and results in increased abundance of proteins in the insulin-signaling pathway in liver and altered phosphorylation of key proteins in control of insulin sensitivity in WAT.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute virilizing doses of testosterone administered to females suppress circulating insulin levels, upregulate components of the insulin-signaling pathway in liver, and suppress insulin signaling in white adipose tissue. These results suggest that insulin resistance in transgender men may be due to suppression of the insulin-signaling pathway and decreased insulin sensitivity in white adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadden H Kothmann
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Victoria Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Emily Laffitte
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Corinne Bromfield
- Agricultural Animal Care and Use Program, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Matthew Grizzaffi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Monica Jarboe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Andrea G Braundmeier-Fleming
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Janice M Bahr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Romana A Nowak
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Annie E Newell-Fugate
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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20
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Tavassoli H, Heidarianpour A. Associations Between Betatrophin with Irisin and Metabolic Factors: Effects of Exercise Training in Diabetic Rats. Am J Med Sci 2021; 362:496-505. [PMID: 34077706 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irisin and betatrophin are involved in insulin resistance. We investigated the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise (AE/RE) and de-training (cessation of the training after the AE/RE) on betatrophin, irisin and some metabolic factors in rats. METHODS Wistar rats were assigned into six groups: non-diabetic rats (C), non-diabetic rats that performed AE/RE, diabetic rats (Dia), and diabetic rats that performed AE/RE (Dia+AE and Dia+RE). Diabetes was induced by high-fat diet/streptozotocin model. The rats de-trained for four weeks after the 12-week exercise training. Blood samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures and 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS The 12-week ET improved homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in the trained diabetic groups (p<0.05). ET reduced betatrophin level in the Dia+RE but not in the Dia+AE group. Positive correlations between betatrophin and body weight (r=0.547; p<0.01), and HOMA-IR (r=0.461; p<0.05) but a negative correlation with LDL-C and TC (r=-0.684, r=-0.669; both p<0.01) were observed, whereas no significant correlation was found between betatrophin and HDL-C and TG (r=-0.225, r=-0.360; both p>0.05). Betatrophin was correlated with irisin in the healthy rats but not the diabetic rats (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS It seems that RE has greater efficiency than AE in reducing betatrophin level and irisin resistance. However, de-training caused most of the improvements resulting from RE to be lost, but not the improvements resulting from AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Tavassoli
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Ali Heidarianpour
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
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21
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Yu S, Kim SR, Jiang K, Ogrodnik M, Zhu XY, Ferguson CM, Tchkonia T, Lerman A, Kirkland JL, Lerman LO. Quercetin Reverses Cardiac Systolic Dysfunction in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet: Role of Angiogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8875729. [PMID: 33688395 PMCID: PMC7914089 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8875729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiometabolic syndrome and cardiac injury, warranting identification of cardioprotective strategies. Cardioprotective effects of quercetin (Q) have mostly been evaluated in ischemic heart disease models and attributed to senolysis. We hypothesized that Q could alleviate murine cardiac damage caused by HFD by restoring the myocardial microcirculation. C57BL/6J mice were fed standard chow or HFD for 6 months and then treated with Q (50 mg/kg) or vehicle 5-day biweekly for 10 additional weeks. Left ventricular (LV) cardiac function was studied in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, and intramyocardial fat deposition, microvascular density, oxidative stress, and senescence were analyzed ex vivo. Additionally, direct angiogenic effects of Q were studied in vitro in HUVECs. HFD increased body weight, heart weight, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, whereas Q normalized heart weight and triglycerides. LV ejection fraction was lower in HFD vs. control mice (56.20 ± 15.8% vs. 73.38 ± 5.04%, respectively, P < 0.05), but improved in HFD + Q mice (67.42 ± 7.50%, P < 0.05, vs. HFD). Q also prevented cardiac fat accumulation and reduced HFD-induced cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and vascular rarefaction. Cardiac senescence was not observed in any group. In vitro, ox-LDL reduced HUVEC tube formation activity, which Q effectively improved. Quercetin may directly induce angiogenesis and decrease myocardial oxidative stress, which might account for its cardioprotective effects in the murine HFD-fed murine heart independently from senolytic activity. Furthermore, its beneficial effects might be partly attributed to a decrease in plasma triglycerides and intramyocardial fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Nephrology and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical and Experimental Traumatology Donaueschingenstraße 13, A-1200 Vienna, Austria
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiang Y. Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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22
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A comparison of the metabolic side-effects of the second-generation antipsychotic drugs risperidone and paliperidone in animal models. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246211. [PMID: 33508013 PMCID: PMC7842964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second generation antipsychotic drugs represent the most common form of pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia disorders. It is now well established that most of the second generation drugs cause metabolic side-effects. Risperidone and its active metabolite paliperidone (9-hydroxyrisperidone) are two commonly used antipsychotic drugs with moderate metabolic liability. However, there is a dearth of preclinical data that directly compares the metabolic effects of these two drugs, using sophisticated experimental procedures. The goal of the present study was to compare metabolic effects for each drug versus control animals. METHODS Adult female rats were acutely treated with either risperidone (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 6 mg/kg), paliperidone (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 6 mg/kg) or vehicle and subjected to the glucose tolerance test; plasma was collected to measure insulin levels to measure insulin resistance with HOMA-IR. Separate groups of rats were treated with either risperidone (1, 6 mg/kg), paliperidone (1, 6 mg/kg) or vehicle, and subjected to the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. RESULTS Fasting glucose levels were increased by all but the lowest dose of risperidone, but only with the highest dose of paliperidone. HOMA-IR increased for both drugs with all but the lowest dose, while the three highest doses decreased glucose tolerance for both drugs. Risperidone and paliperidone both exhibited dose-dependent decreases in the glucose infusion rate in the clamp, reflecting pronounced insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS In preclinical models, both risperidone and paliperidone exhibited notable metabolic side-effects that were dose-dependent. Differences between the two were modest, and most notable as effects on fasting glucose.
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Sukarno DA, Mustika A, Rejeki PS. Effect of Celery Extract on Fructose Induced Insulin Resistance Rattus norvegicus. FOLIA MEDICA INDONESIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v56i4.24602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health problems and in the top 4th ranks as the main cause of death in developing countries (IDF, 2015). The pathogenesis of type II DM involves abnormalities in insulin secretion and activity that leads to insulin resistance. This research aims to study the efficacy of celery (Apiumgraveolens) as a prevention of insulin resistance. In this study, the samples were 45 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male sex, aged 4-6 weeks, weight 150-175 grams,and had normal fasting blood glucose levels by tested before treatment. The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups, K1 was negative control group (insulin resistance by given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDay);K2 was positive control group (those given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDayand standard insulin resistance therapy metformin 500 mg/kg BW PO qDay); the K3 treatment group was given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 200 mg/kg BW PO qDay; the K4 treatment group was given fructose 20% 1,86 mg/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 400 mg/kg BW PO qDay; and the K5 treatment group was given fructose 20% 1,86 mg/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 600 mg/kg BW PO qDay. The treatment had been given every day for 60 days.Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using a Glucometer. Fasting blood insulin levels were measured using ELISA, HOMA-IR was calculated using a standardized formula, and GLUT4 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemistry. It the end of the intervention, there was a significant decreased in fasting blood glucose (FBG) in K4 group compared with K1 (p <0.05), insulin resistance in K1 was characterized by a higher HOMA-IR value compared to the therapy group, especially K4 and K5 (p <0.05). There was an increase in GLUT-4 expression on K4 and K5 compared with K1 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that celery extract has antihyperglycemia effect and furthermore it can prevent insulin resistance condition.
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Her TK, Lagakos WS, Brown MR, LeBrasseur NK, Rakshit K, Matveyenko AV. Dietary carbohydrates modulate metabolic and β-cell adaptation to high-fat diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E856-E865. [PMID: 32315211 PMCID: PMC7311673 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00539.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with several chronic comorbidities, one of which is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The pathogenesis of obesity and T2DM is influenced by alterations in diet macronutrient composition, which regulate energy expenditure, metabolic function, glucose homeostasis, and pancreatic islet cell biology. Recent studies suggest that increased intake of dietary carbohydrates plays a previously underappreciated role in the promotion of obesity and consequent metabolic dysfunction. Thus, in this study, we utilized mouse models to test the hypothesis that dietary carbohydrates modulate energetic, metabolic, and islet adaptions to high-fat diets. To address this, we exposed C57BL/6J mice to 12 wk of 3 eucaloric high-fat diets (>60% calories from fat) with varying total carbohydrate (1-20%) and sucrose (0-20%) content. Our results show that severe restriction of dietary carbohydrates characteristic of ketogenic diets reduces body fat accumulation, enhances energy expenditure, and reduces prevailing glycemia and insulin resistance compared with carbohydrate-rich, high-fat diets. Moreover, severe restriction of dietary carbohydrates also results in functional, morphological, and molecular changes in pancreatic islets highlighted by restricted capacity for β-cell mass expansion and alterations in insulin secretory response. These studies support the hypothesis that low-carbohydrate/high-fat diets provide antiobesogenic benefits and suggest further evaluation of the effects of these diets on β-cell biology in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy K Her
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William S Lagakos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew R Brown
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kuntol Rakshit
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksey V Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
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25
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Olaniyi KS, Amusa OA. Sodium acetate-mediated inhibition of histone deacetylase alleviates hepatic lipid dysregulation and its accompanied injury in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110226. [PMID: 32460191 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic lipid dysregulation with consequent lipotoxicity remains critical in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a rising prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus particularly type 2 diabetes. Diabetes-associated hepatic complications are among the leading causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been demonstrated to regulate glycemic metabolism but its effect on diabetes-driven hepatic perturbation is unknown. This study is therefore designed to investigate the effect of SCFAs, acetate on diabetes-characterised hepatic lipotoxicity, and plausible involvement of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats (230-260 g) were allotted into groups (n = 6/group) namely: control (vehicle; p.o.), sodium acetate (SAT)-treated (200 mg/kg), diabetic with/without SAT groups. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 65 mg/kg after a dose of nicotinamide 110 mg/kg. RESULTS Data from diabetic animals showed increased fasting glycemia and insulinemia, decreased insulin sensitivity and body weight with increased relative hepatic mass. It also revealed increased hepatic lipid, serum/hepatic malondialdehyde, tissue necrosis factor-α, uric acid, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase and decreased glutathione content with elevated hepatic HDAC. Histologically, the hepatic tissue was characterised with disrupted architecture, inflammation of central vein and foci of periportal and sinusoidal cellular infiltration. However, these alterations were attenuated by sodium acetate. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that diabetes mellitus drives hepatic lipotoxicity, characterised with lipid accumulation, excessive lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammation, depleted glutathione content and accompanied by increased HDAC activity. Besides, the study suggests that acetate ameliorates diabetes-associated hepatic lipotoxicity through HDAC suppression and enhancement of insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Cardiometabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwatobi A Amusa
- Cardiometabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria
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Hussein MM, El-Belbasi HI, Morsy MA, Saadeldin IM, Alshammari GM. The synergistic effect of fenretinide and metformin to achieve a decrease in insulin resistance and inflammatory mediators: an in vivo study. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1732483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M.A. Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hussein I. El-Belbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Avtanski D, Pavlov VA, Tracey KJ, Poretsky L. Characterization of inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced male C57BL/6J mouse model of obesity. Animal Model Exp Med 2019; 2:252-258. [PMID: 31942557 PMCID: PMC6930989 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) are commonly used in medical research for mimicking human diseases. There is no universal animal model, and careful evaluation of variety of factors needs to be considered when designing new experiments. Here, we investigated the effect of 9 weeks high-fat diet (HFD) intervention, providing 60% energy from fat, on parameters of inflammation and insulin resistance in male C57BL/6J mice. METHODS Six weeks old mice were initiated on regular diet (RD) or HFD providing 60 kcal energy from fat for 9 weeks. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured by glucometer, and fasting plasma levels of insulin and proinflammatory cytokines by Luminex assay. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by using QUICKI and HOMA2 indexes. RESULTS HFD mice showed ~ 40% higher body weight and ~ 20% larger abdominal circumference, due to an increase in the white adipose tissue mass. Liver examination revealed increased size and higher hepatic lipid accumulation in livers from HFD mice compared to their RD counterparts. Animals from the HFD group were characterized with significantly higher presence of crown-like structures (CLS) in WAT and higher plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, leptin, MCP-1, PAI-1, and resistin). HFD-fed mice also demonstrated impaired insulin sensitivity (lower QUICKI, higher HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lower HOMA-percent sensitivity (HOMA-%S)) index values. CONCLUSION Male C57BL/6J mice on 9 weeks HFD providing 60 kcal energy from fat display impaired insulin sensitivity and chronic inflammation, thus making this DIO mouse model appropriate for studies of early stages of obesity-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimiter Avtanski
- Lenox Hill HospitalFriedman Diabetes InstituteNorthwell HealthNew YorkNYUSA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchNorthwell HealthManhassetNYUSA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA
| | - Valentin A. Pavlov
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchNorthwell HealthManhassetNYUSA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchNorthwell HealthManhassetNYUSA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA
| | - Leonid Poretsky
- Lenox Hill HospitalFriedman Diabetes InstituteNorthwell HealthNew YorkNYUSA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchNorthwell HealthManhassetNYUSA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA
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28
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The effects of myo-inositol and probiotic supplementation in a high-fat-fed preclinical model of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:516-528. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519003039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGlucose intolerance during pregnancy – a major driver of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) – has significant short- and long-term health consequences for both the mother and child. As GDM prevalence continues to escalate, there is growing need for preventative strategies. There is limited but suggestive evidence that myo-inositol (MI) and probiotics (PB) could improve glucose tolerance during pregnancy. The present study tested the hypothesis that MI and/or PB supplementation would reduce the risk of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Female C57BL/6 mice were randomised to receive either no treatment, MI, PB (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis) or both (MIPB) for 5 weeks. They were then provided with a high-fat diet for 1 week before mating commenced and throughout mating/gestation, while remaining on their respective treatments. An oral glucose tolerance test occurred at gestational day (GD) 16·5 and tissue collection at GD 18·5. Neither MI nor PB, separately or combined, improved glucose tolerance. However, MI and PB both independently increased adipose tissue expression of Ir, Irs1, Akt2 and Pck1, and PB also increased Pparγ. MI was associated with reduced gestational weight gain, whilst PB was associated with increased maternal fasting glucose, total cholesterol and pancreas weight. These results suggest that MI and PB may improve insulin intracellular signalling in adipose tissue but this did not translate to meaningful differences in glucose tolerance. The absence of fasting hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance suggests this is a very mild model of GDM, which may have affected our ability to assess the impact of these nutrients.
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Indole-3-Acetic Acid Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice via Attenuation of Hepatic Lipogenesis, and Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092062. [PMID: 31484323 PMCID: PMC6769627 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences have linked indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite from dietary tryptophan, with the resistance to liver diseases. However, data supporting IAA-mediated protection against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from an in vivo study is lacking. In this study, we assessed the role of IAA in attenuating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in male C57BL/6 mice. Administration of IAA (50 mg/kg body weight) by intraperitoneal injection was found to alleviate HFD-induced elevation in fasting blood glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index as well as plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity. Histological examination further presented the protective effect of IAA on liver damage induced by HFD feeding. HFD-induced an increase in liver total triglycerides and cholesterol, together with the upregulation of genes related to lipogenesis including sterol regulatory element binding-protein 1 (Srebf1), steraroyl coenzyme decarboxylase 1 (Scd1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (Acaca), and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial (Gpam), which were mitigated by IAA treatment. The results of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA) level along with superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissue evidenced the protection of IAA against HFD-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, IAA attenuated the inflammatory response of liver in mice exposed to HFD as shown by the reduction in the F4/80-positive macrophage infiltration and the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, our findings uncover that IAA alleviates HFD-induced hepatotoxicity in mice, which proves to be associated with the amelioration in insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and oxidative and inflammatory stress.
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West J, Chen X, Yan L, Gladson S, Loyd J, Rizwan H, Talati M. Adverse effects of BMPR2 suppression in macrophages in animal models of pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2019; 10:2045894019856483. [PMID: 31124398 PMCID: PMC7074495 DOI: 10.1177/2045894019856483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cells contribute to irreversible damage in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We hypothesized that in PAH, dysfunctional BMPR2 signaling in macrophages contributes to pulmonary vascular injury and phenotypic changes via proinflammatory cytokine production. Studies were conducted in: (1) Rosa26-rtTA2 3 X TetO7-Bmpr2delx4 FVB/N mice (mutant Bmpr2 is universally expressed, BMPR2delx4 mice) given a weekly intra-tracheal liposomal clodronate injections for four weeks; and (2) LysM-Cre X floxed BMPR2 X floxed eGFP monocyte lineage-specific BMPR2 knockout (KO) mouse model (Bmpr2 gene expression knockdown in monocytic lineage cells) (BMPR2KO) following three weeks of sugen/hypoxia treatment. In the BMPR2delx4 mice, increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP; P < 0.05) was normalized by clodronate, and in monocyte lineage-specific BMPR2KO mice sugen hypoxia treatment increased (P < 0.05) RVSP compared to control littermates, suggesting that suppressed BMPR2 in macrophages modulate RVSP in animal models of PH. In addition, in these mouse models, muscularized pulmonary vessels were increased (P < 0.05) and surrounded by an increased number of macrophages. Elimination of macrophages in BMPR2delx4 mice reduced the number of muscularized pulmonary vessels and macrophages surrounding these vessels. Further, in monocyte lineage-specific BMPR2KO mice, there was significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, including C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12), complement component 5 a (C5a), Interleukin-16 (IL-16), and secretory ICAM. C5a positive inflammatory cells present in and around the pulmonary vessels in the PAH lung could potentially be involved in pulmonary vessel remodeling. In summary, our data indicate that, in BMPR2-related PAH, macrophages with dysfunctional BMPR2 influence pulmonary vascular remodeling and phenotypic outcomes via proinflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- James West
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xinping Chen
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ling Yan
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Santhi Gladson
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James Loyd
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hamid Rizwan
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megha Talati
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Nasias D, Evangelakos I, Nidris V, Vassou D, Tarasco E, Lutz TA, Kardassis D. Significant changes in hepatic transcriptome and circulating miRNAs are associated with diet-induced metabolic syndrome in apoE3L.CETP mice. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20485-20500. [PMID: 31016757 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to excess dietary fat leads to obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The purpose of the present study was to identify global changes in liver gene expression and circulating miRNAs in a humanized mouse model of diet-induced MetS. Male apoE3L.CETP mice received a high-fat diet (HFD) or a low-fat diet (LFD) for different time periods and the progression of MetS pathology was monitored. A separate group of mice was divided into responders (R) or nonresponders (NR) and received HFD for 16 weeks. We found that mice receiving the HFD developed manifestations of MetS and displayed an increasing number of differentially expressed transcripts at 4, 8, and 12 weeks compared with mice receiving the LFD. Significantly changed genes were functionally annotated to metabolic diseases and pathway analysis revealed the downregulation of genes in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis and upregulation of genes related to lipid droplet formation, which was in line with the development of hepatic steatosis. In the serum of the apoE3L.CETP mice we identified three miRNAs that were upregulated specifically in the HFD group. We found that responder mice have a distinct gene signature that differentiates them from nonresponders. Comparison of the two diet intervention studies revealed a limited number of common differentially expressed genes but the expression of these common genes was affected in a similar way in both studies. In conclusion, the characteristic hepatic gene signatures and serum miRNAs identified in the present study provide novel insights to MetS pathology and could be exploited for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Nasias
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Gene Regulation and Epigenetics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Evangelakos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Gene Regulation and Epigenetics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasilis Nidris
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Gene Regulation and Epigenetics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Despoina Vassou
- Genomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Erika Tarasco
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Lutz
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitris Kardassis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Gene Regulation and Epigenetics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
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Morais T, Patrício B, Pereira SS, Andrade S, Carreira M, Casanueva FF, Monteiro MP. GLP‐1 induces alpha cell proliferation and overrides leptin suppression induced by negative energy balance in vagotomized rats. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14573-14584. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Morais
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Barbara Patrício
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Sofia Silva Pereira
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Sara Andrade
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto Porto Portugal
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Marcos Carreira
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Felipe F. Casanueva
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Department of Medicine USC University Hospital Complex, University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Mariana P. Monteiro
- Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) University of Porto Porto Portugal
- Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto Porto Portugal
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Pan Y, Rong Y, Huang J, Zhu K, Chen J, Yu C, Chen M. Lower cardiovagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity associated with hepatic insulin resistance and promote cardiovascular disorders in Tibetan minipigs induced by a high fat and high cholesterol diet. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:278-288. [PMID: 30686655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A long-term high-fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet leads to hepatic insulin resistance (IR), which is associated with autonomic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases risk increasing. However, whether this occurs in Tibetan minipigs remains unknown. We tested that a long-term HFC diet caused hepatic IR and promote cardiovascular disorders in Tibetan minipigs, and are associated with the reduction of cardiovagal tone and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). METHODS Male Tibetan minipigs were fed either a standard diet or a HFC diet, and were euthanized at 12 weeks. Thereafter, the minipigs were tested for biochemical blood indices, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV), BRS, and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-associated gene and protein expression levels, as well as cardiac function. RESULTS HFC-fed minipigs developed IR by increasing body weight, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, glucose intolerance. Increased adipose cell size, hepatic fat deposition, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and NEFA level, down-regulation of IRS1, IRS2, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, Glut2 and PGC1ɑ expression concomitant with up-regulation of mTOR, GSK3β, TNF-ɑ, FOXO1, p-mTOR and p-p70S6K expression in the liver tissue, as well as hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were observed in HFC-fed minipigs. HRV parameters and BRS values were further significantly reduced. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the development of hepatic IR toward cardiovascular disease was associated with low HFnu, RMSSD, BRS and LV -dp/dtmax, high NEFA, high hepatic TG content. CONCLUSION These data suggest that HFC-fed Tibetan minipigs develop hepatic IR and promote cardiovascular disorders, and are associated with lower cardiovagal tone and BRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Pan
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Yili Rong
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Junjie Huang
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Keyan Zhu
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Minli Chen
- Comparative Medical Research Institute, Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Bitar MS. Diabetes Impairs Angiogenesis and Induces Endothelial Cell Senescence by Up-Regulating Thrombospondin-CD47-Dependent Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030673. [PMID: 30720765 PMCID: PMC6386981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, impaired angiogenesis and cellular senescence in type 2 diabetes constitute dominant risk factors for chronic non-healing wounds and other cardiovascular disorders. Studying these phenomena in the context of diabetes and the TSP1-CD-47 signaling dictated the use of the in vitro wound endothelial cultured system and an in vivo PVA sponge model of angiogenesis. Herein we report that diabetes impaired the in vivo sponge angiogenic capacity by decreasing cell proliferation, fibrovascular invasion and capillary density. In contrast, a heightened state of oxidative stress and elevated expression of TSP1 and CD47 both at the mRNA and protein levels were evident in this diabetic sponge model of wound healing. An in vitro culturing system involving wound endothelial cells confirmed the increase in ROS generation and the up-regulation of TSP1-CD47 signaling as a function of diabetes. We also provided evidence that diabetic wound endothelial cells (W-ECs) exhibited a characteristic feature that is consistent with cellular senescence. Indeed, enhanced SA-β-gal activity, cell cycle arrest, increased cell cycle inhibitors (CKIs) p53, p21 and p16 and decreased cell cycle promoters including Cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 were all demonstrated in these cells. The functional consequence of this cascade of events was illustrated by a marked reduction in diabetic endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. A genetic-based strategy in diabetic W-ECs using CD47 siRNA significantly ameliorated in these cells the excessiveness in oxidative stress, attenuation in angiogenic potential and more importantly the inhibition in cell cycle progression and its companion cellular senescence. To this end, the current data provide evidence linking the overexpression of TSP1-CD47 signaling in diabetes to a number of parameters associated with endothelial dysfunction including impaired angiogenesis, cellular senescence and a heightened state of oxidative stress. Moreover, it may also point to TSP1-CD47 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of the aforementioned pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad S Bitar
- Department of Pharmacology& Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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35
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Khaleel EF, Abdel-Aleem GA. Obestatin protects and reverses nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its associated insulin resistance in rats via inhibition of food intake, enhancing hepatic adiponectin signaling, and blocking ghrelin acylation. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:64-78. [PMID: 29429367 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1437638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorative and protective effects of long-term obestatin administration (80 nmol/kg/ intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)) on the pathogenesis of high-fat diet (HFD) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats. Rats (n = 8/group) were divided as control, NAFLD, NAFLD + Simvastatin, NAFLD + obestatin, NAFLD then obestatin, and obestatin then NAFLD. Obestatin co -or post-therapy significantly reduced hepatomegaly and reversed hyperlipidemia, hepatic lipid accumulation, and insulin resistance (IR). Mechanistically obestatin treatments in these rats significantly prevented the increases in final body weights and food intake. Concomitantly, it enhanced circulatory adiponectin levels and hepatic signaling as evident by elevated hepatic protein levels of adiponectin receptors (adipoRII), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- α (PPAR-α), and phosphor-AMPK (p-AMPK). In addition, obestatin enhanced total circulatory ghrelin levels and significantly increased deacylated ghrelin to acylated ghrelin (DAG/AG) ratio. These data suggest that obestatin reverses and protects against development or progression of NAFLD directly by modulating ghrelin and adiponectin signaling or indirectly by lowering food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Khaleel
- a Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdel-Aleem
- c Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine , King Khalid University , Abha , Saudi Arabia
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tanta University , Tanta , Egypt
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36
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Fazakerley DJ, Fritzen AM, Nelson ME, Thorius IH, Cooke KC, Humphrey SJ, Cooney GJ, James DE. Insulin Tolerance Test under Anaesthesia to Measure Tissue-specific Insulin-stimulated Glucose Disposal. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3146. [PMID: 33654891 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a pathophysiological state defined by impaired responses to insulin and is a risk factor for several metabolic diseases, most notably type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance occurs in insulin target tissues including liver, adipose and skeletal muscle. Methods such as insulin tolerance tests and hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps permit assessment of insulin responses in specific tissues and allow the study of the progression and causes of insulin resistance. Here we detail a protocol for assessing insulin action in adipose and muscle tissues in anesthetized mice administered with insulin intravenously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fazakerley
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Andreas M Fritzen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Marin E Nelson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Ida H Thorius
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Kristen C Cooke
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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37
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Brittain EL, Talati M, Fortune N, Agrawal V, Meoli DF, West J, Hemnes AR. Adverse physiologic effects of Western diet on right ventricular structure and function: role of lipid accumulation and metabolic therapy. Pulm Circ 2018; 9:2045894018817741. [PMID: 30451070 PMCID: PMC6295706 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018817741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on right ventricular (RV) structure and function. We hypothesized that mice fed a Western diet (WD) would develop RV lipid accumulation and impaired RV function, which would be ameliorated with metformin. Male C57/Bl6 mice were fed a WD or standard rodent diet (SD) for eight weeks. A subset of mice underwent pulmonary artery banding (PAB). Treated mice were given 2.5 g/kg metformin mixed in food. Invasive hemodynamics, histology, Western, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed using standard techniques. Lipid content was detected by Oil Red O staining. Mice fed a WD developed insulin resistance, RV hypertrophy, and higher RV systolic pressure compared with SD controls. Myocardial lipid accumulation was greater in the WD group and disproportionately affected the RV. These structural changes were associated with impaired RV diastolic function in WD mice. PAB-WD mice had greater RV hypertrophy, increased lipid deposition, and lower RV ejection fraction compared with PAB SD controls. Compared to untreated mice, metformin lowered HOMA-IR and prevented weight gain in mice fed a WD. Metformin reduced RV systolic pressure, prevented RV hypertrophy, and reduced RV lipid accumulation in both unstressed stressed conditions. RV diastolic function improved in WD mice treated with metformin. WD in mice leads to an elevation in pulmonary pressure, RV diastolic dysfunction, and disproportionate RV steatosis, which are exacerbated by PAB. Metformin prevents the deleterious effects of WD on RV function and myocardial steatosis in this model of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan L Brittain
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,2 Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megha Talati
- 3 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Niki Fortune
- 3 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vineet Agrawal
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David F Meoli
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James West
- 3 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna R Hemnes
- 3 Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Ickin Gulen M, Guven Bagla A, Yavuz O, Hismiogullari AA. Orexin and adiponectin in high fat diet–induced insulin resistance. J Histotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2018.1520952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Ickin Gulen
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Aysel Guven Bagla
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Yavuz
- Gulhane School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Saglik Bilimleri University, Ankara, Turkey
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Li Z, Rasmussen ML, Li J, Olguín CH, Knudsen JR, Søgaard O, Madsen AB, Jensen TE. Low- and high-protein diets do not alter ex vivo insulin action in skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13798. [PMID: 29998629 PMCID: PMC6041700 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A low-protein high carbohydrate (LPHC) diet and a high-protein low carbohydrate (HPLC) diet have been reported to positively and negatively regulate whole-body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, respectively. Skeletal muscle is quantitatively the most important tissue clearing glucose in the postprandial state, but it is unclear if LPHC and HPLC diets directly influence insulin action in skeletal muscle. To test this, mice were placed on control chow diet, LPHC and HPLC diets for 13.5 weeks at which time the submaximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport and insulin signaling were evaluated in ex vivo incubated oxidative soleus and glycolytic EDL muscle. At the whole-body level, the diets had the anticipated effects, with LPHC diet improving glucose tolerance and insulin-sensitivity whereas HPLC diet had the opposite effect. However, neither insulin-stimulated Akt/TBC1D4 signaling and glucose transport ex vivo, nor cell signaling in vivo were altered by the diets. These data imply that skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity does not contribute to the whole-body effects of LPHC and HPLC diets on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencheng Li
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Mette Line Rasmussen
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jingwen Li
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Carlos Henríquez Olguín
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jonas Roland Knudsen
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ole Søgaard
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Agnete B. Madsen
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Thomas E. Jensen
- Section of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and SportsUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Sakr HF, Hussein AM, Eid EA, AlKhateeb M. Possible mechanisms underlying fatty liver in a rat model of male hypogonadism: A protective role for testosterone. Steroids 2018; 135:21-30. [PMID: 29674209 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of testosterone (Test) deficiency and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated peripheral insulin resistance (IR) in male rats and to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups as follows: 1) sham-operated group (n = 11), 2) ORCD-induced group (n = 9) exposed to orchidectomy (ORCD), achieved by complete surgical removal of testicles, and 3) ORCD + Test treated group (n = 10) (11 ng/mL Test propionate, 3x/week, S.C.). RESULTS Data revealed significant increases in final body, liver, visceral and subcutaneous fats weights with significant increases in fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels and HOMA-IR. Additionally, ORCD rats had higher UAC for measured glucose levels and insulin levels during OGTT and higher AUC for measured glucose levels during ITT. Interesting, higher serum and hepatic levels of TGs and CHOL and higher serum levels of LDL were seen in ORCD-induced rats. Mechanistically, significant increases in mRNA levels of SREBP-1, SREBP-2, ACC-1, FAS, HMGCOAR and HMGCOAS with significant increases in protein levels of both precursor and mature SREBP-1 and SREBP-2, PPAR-α, p-PPAR-α, CPT-1 and UCP-2 and significant lower protein levels p-AMPK and p-ACC-1 were detected in livers of ORCD rats. Test administration to ORCD-induced rats significantly ameliorated all of the above mentioned biochemical endpoints and reversed the effect of ORCD on mRNA and protein levels of these targets. In conclusion, Test deficiency could be an independent risk factor for the development of NAFLD by upregulation of lipid synthesis and disturb fatty acids oxidation whereas Test therapy is a protective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F Sakr
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Abdelaziz M Hussein
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Internal Medicine Department, Delta University for Sciences and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed A Eid
- Internal Medicine Department, Delta University for Sciences and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud AlKhateeb
- Basic Medical Sciences Dept., College of Medicine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Qasem MA, Noordin MI, Arya A, Alsalahi A, Jayash SN. Evaluation of the glycemic effect of Ceratonia siliqua pods (Carob) on a streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat model. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4788. [PMID: 29844959 PMCID: PMC5970558 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ceratonia siliqua pods (carob) have been nominated to control the high blood glucose of diabetics. In Yemen, however, its antihyperglycemic activity has not been yet assessed. Thus, this study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract of carob pods against α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the in vivo glycemic effect of such extract in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Methods 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) were applied to evaluate the antioxidant activity of carob. In vitro cytotoxicity of carob was conducted on human hepatocytes (WRL68) and rat pancreatic β-cells (RIN-5F). Acute oral toxicity of carob was conducted on a total of 18 male and 18 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, which were subdivided into three groups (n = 6), namely: high and low dose carob-treated (CS5000 and CS2000, respectively) as well as the normal control (NC) receiving a single oral dose of 5,000 mg kg-1 carob, 2,000 mg kg-1 carob and 5 mL kg-1 distilled water for 14 days, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatinine and urea were assessed. Livers and kidneys were harvested for histopathology. In vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase was evaluated. In vivo glycemic activity was conducted on 24 male SD rats which were previously intraperitoneally injected with 55 mg kg-1 streptozotocin (STZ) followed by 210 mg kg-1nicotinamide to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. An extra non-injected group (n = 6) was added as a normal control (NC). The injected-rats were divided into four groups (n = 6), namely: diabetic control (D0), 5 mg kg-1glibenclamide-treated diabetic (GD), 500 mg kg-1 carob-treated diabetic (CS500) and 1,000 mg kg-1 carob-treated diabetic (CS1000). All groups received a single oral daily dose of their treatment for 4 weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test, biochemistry, insulin and hemostatic model assessment were assessed. Pancreases was harvested for histopathology. Results Carob demonstrated a FRAP value of 3191.67 ± 54.34 µmoL Fe++ and IC50 of DPPH of 11.23 ± 0.47 µg mL-1. In vitro, carob was non-toxic on hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In acute oral toxicity, liver and kidney functions and their histological sections showed no abnormalities. Carob exerted an in vitro inhibitory effect against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 of 92.99 ± 0.22 and 97.13 ± 4.11 µg mL-1, respectively. In diabetic induced rats, FBG of CS1000 was significantly less than diabetic control. Histological pancreatic sections of CS1000 showed less destruction of β-cells than CS500 and diabetic control. Conclusion Carob pod did not cause acute systemic toxicity and showed in vitro antioxidant effects. On the other hand, inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase was evident. Interestingly, a high dose of carob exhibits an in vivo antihyperglycemic activity and warrants further in-depth study to identify the potential carob extract composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa A Qasem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Aditya Arya
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Abdulsamad Alsalahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soher Nagi Jayash
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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42
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Polce SA, Burke C, França LM, Kramer B, de Andrade Paes AM, Carrillo-Sepulveda MA. Ellagic Acid Alleviates Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Female Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050531. [PMID: 29693586 PMCID: PMC5986411 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects more than 70% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and has become one of the most common metabolic liver diseases worldwide. To date, treatments specifically targeting NAFLD do not exist. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in diabetes. Accordingly, the goal of this present study was to determine whether Ellagic acid (EA), a natural antioxidant polyphenol found in berries and nuts, mitigates hepatic oxidative stress and insulin resistance in T2DM rats, and thus alleviates NAFLD. Using adult female Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats, a non-obese and spontaneous model of T2DM, we found that EA treatment significantly lowered fasting blood glucose and reduced insulin resistance, as shown by a 21.8% reduction in the homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while triglyceride and total cholesterol levels remained unchanged. Increased hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress present in diabetic GK rats was markedly reduced with EA treatment. This effect was associated with a downregulation of the NADPH oxidase subunit, p47-phox, and overexpression of NF-E2-related factor-2 (NRF2). Moreover, EA was able to decrease the hepatic expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-α), a transcription factor linked to hypoxia and hepatic steatosis. We further showed that EA treatment activated an insulin signaling pathway in the liver, as evidenced by increased levels of phosphorylated Akt (Ser 473). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that EA diminishes blood glucose levels and potently suppress NAFLD in diabetic rats via mechanisms that involve reductions in p47-phox and HIF-α, upregulation of NRF2 and enhancement of the Akt signaling pathway in the liver. Together, these results reveal that EA improves hepatic insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism as a result of its antioxidant effects. This implies an anti-diabetic effect of EA with beneficial effects for the treatment of hepatic complications in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Alexandria Polce
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
| | - Cameron Burke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhao, Sao Luis, MA 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Benjamin Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
| | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhao, Sao Luis, MA 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Maria Alicia Carrillo-Sepulveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
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Li R, Ou J, Li L, Yang Y, Zhao J, Wu R. The Wnt Signaling Pathway Effector TCF7L2 Mediates Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Insulin Resistance. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:379. [PMID: 29713286 PMCID: PMC5911481 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Olanzapine is a widely used atypical antipsychotic medication for treatment of schizophrenia and is often associated with serious metabolic abnormalities including weight gain and impaired glucose tolerance. These metabolic side effects are severe clinical problems but the underpinning mechanism remains poorly understood. Recently, growing evidence suggests that Wnt signaling pathway has a critical role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and molecular cascades of antipsychotics action, of which Wnt signaling pathway key effector TCF7L2 is strongly associated with glucose homeostasis. In this study, we aim to explore the characteristics of metabolic disturbance induced by olanzapine and to elucidate the role of TCF7L2 in this process. C57BL/6 mice were subject to olanzapine (4 mg/kg/day), or olanzapine plus metformin (150 mg/kg/day), or saline, respectively, for 8 weeks. Metabolic indices and TCF7L2 expression levels in liver, skeletal muscle, adipose, and pancreatic tissues were closely monitored. Olanzapine challenge induced remarkably increased body weight, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, and TCF7L2 protein expression in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues. Notably, these effects could be effectively ameliorated by metformin. In addition, we found that olanzapine-induced body weight gain and insulin resistance actively influence the expression of TCF7L2 in liver and skeletal muscle, and elevated level of insulin determines the increased expression of TCF7L2 in adipose tissue. Our results demonstrate that TCF7L2 participates in olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance, which presents a novel mechanism for olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance and a potential therapeutic target to prevent the associated metabolic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianjun Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Ippagunta SM, Kharitonenkov A, Adams AC, Hillgartner FB. Cholic Acid Supplementation of a High-Fat Obesogenic Diet Suppresses Hepatic Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Mice via a Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-Dependent Mechanism. J Nutr 2018; 148:510-517. [PMID: 29659970 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Supplementation of a high-fat obesogenic diet (HFD) with cholic acid (CA) suppresses the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in mice. Objective We investigated the role of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in mediating the beneficial actions of CA on metabolic syndrome. Methods Male 7-wk-old wild-type (WT) mice and FGF21 knockout (FGF21KO) mice were fed an HFD for 12 wk followed by a 4-wk period in which the mice were fed the HFD alone or supplemented with 0.5% CA. Body composition, gross energy efficiency, glucose tolerance, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and hepatic triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations were measured. Results CA administration improved glucose tolerance and decreased total body fat accretion, gross energy efficiency, fasting blood glucose concentrations, and HOMA-IR in both WT mice and FGF21KO mice. The extent of the effect of CA on glucose tolerance, fasting blood glucose concentrations, and HOMA-IR was similar in both mouse strains, whereas the extent of the effect of CA on total body fat accretion and gross energy efficiency was 4.2- to 4.4-fold greater in FGF21KO mice than in WT mice. Further analyses showed that CA decreased hepatic TG concentrations in WT mice (49%) but had no effect on hepatic TG concentrations in FGF21KO mice. CA decreased the activation state of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in WT mice but was not effective in decreasing the activation of ACC1 and HSL in FGF21KO mice. Conclusions FGF21 signaling is required for the beneficial effect of CA on hepatic TG accumulation in mice fed an HFD. We propose that FGF21 signaling potentiates the ability of CA to decrease the activation of ACC1 and HSL, key enzymes controlling the supply of long-chain fatty acid precursors for hepatic TG synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri M Ippagunta
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - Andrew C Adams
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN
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Torre-Villalvazo I, Cervantes-Pérez LG, Noriega LG, Jiménez JV, Uribe N, Chávez-Canales M, Tovar-Palacio C, Marfil-Garza BA, Torres N, Bobadilla NA, Tovar AR, Gamba G. Inactivation of SPAK kinase reduces body weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet by improving energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E53-E65. [PMID: 29066461 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00108.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The STE20/SPS1-related proline-alanine-rich protein kinase (SPAK) controls the activity of the electroneutral cation-chloride cotransporters (SLC12 family) and thus physiological processes such as modulation of cell volume, intracellular chloride concentration [Cl-]i, and transepithelial salt transport. Modulation of SPAK kinase activity may have an impact on hypertension and obesity, as STK39, the gene encoding SPAK, has been suggested as a hypertension and obesity susceptibility gene. In fact, the absence of SPAK activity in mice in which the activating threonine in the T loop was substituted by alanine (SPAK-KI mice) is associated with decreased blood pressure; however its consequences in metabolism have not been explored. Here, we fed wild-type and homozygous SPAK-KI mice a high-fat diet for 17 wk to evaluate weight gain, circulating substrates and hormones, energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity. SPAK-KI mice exhibit resistance to HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis associated with increased energy expenditure, higher thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue, increased mitochondrial activity in skeletal muscle, and reduced white adipose tissue hypertrophy mediated by augmented whole body insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Our data reveal a previously unrecognized role for the SPAK kinase in the regulation of energy balance, thermogenesis, and insulin sensitivity, suggesting that this kinase could be a new drug target for the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Torre-Villalvazo
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Lilia G Noriega
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose V Jiménez
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Uribe
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , México City, Mexico
| | - María Chávez-Canales
- Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Tovar-Palacio
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Braulio A Marfil-Garza
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma A Bobadilla
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Gamba
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y de Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
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Cummings NE, Williams EM, Kasza I, Konon EN, Schaid MD, Schmidt BA, Poudel C, Sherman DS, Yu D, Arriola Apelo SI, Cottrell SE, Geiger G, Barnes ME, Wisinski JA, Fenske RJ, Matkowskyj KA, Kimple ME, Alexander CM, Merrins MJ, Lamming DW. Restoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched-chain amino acids. J Physiol 2017; 596:623-645. [PMID: 29266268 DOI: 10.1113/jp275075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We recently found that feeding healthy mice a diet with reduced levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are associated with insulin resistance in both humans and rodents, modestly improves glucose tolerance and slows fat mass gain. In the present study, we show that a reduced BCAA diet promotes rapid fat mass loss without calorie restriction in obese mice. Selective reduction of dietary BCAAs also restores glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity to obese mice, even as they continue to consume a high-fat, high-sugar diet. A low BCAA diet transiently induces FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) and increases energy expenditure. We suggest that dietary protein quality (i.e. the precise macronutrient composition of dietary protein) may impact the effectiveness of weight loss diets. ABSTRACT Obesity and diabetes are increasing problems around the world, and although even moderate weight loss can improve metabolic health, reduced calorie diets are notoriously difficult to sustain. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine, isoleucine and valine) are elevated in the blood of obese, insulin-resistant humans and rodents. We recently demonstrated that specifically reducing dietary levels of BCAAs has beneficial effects on the metabolic health of young, growing mice, improving glucose tolerance and modestly slowing fat mass gain. In the present study, we examine the hypothesis that reducing dietary BCAAs will promote weight loss, reduce adiposity, and improve blood glucose control in diet-induced obese mice with pre-existing metabolic syndrome. We find that specifically reducing dietary BCAAs rapidly reverses diet-induced obesity and improves glucoregulatory control in diet-induced obese mice. Most dramatically, mice eating an otherwise unhealthy high-calorie, high-sugar Western diet with reduced levels of BCAAs lost weight and fat mass rapidly until regaining a normal weight. Importantly, this normalization of weight was mediated not by caloric restriction or increased activity, but by increased energy expenditure, and was accompanied by a transient induction of the energy balance regulating hormone FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21). Consumption of a Western diet reduced in BCAAs was also accompanied by a dramatic improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Our results link dietary BCAAs with the regulation of metabolic health and energy balance in obese animals, and suggest that specifically reducing dietary BCAAs may represent a highly translatable option for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Cummings
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Williams
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ildiko Kasza
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth N Konon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael D Schaid
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian A Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chetan Poudel
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dawn S Sherman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Deyang Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sebastian I Arriola Apelo
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sara E Cottrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Rural and Urban Scholars in Community Health Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gabriella Geiger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Macy E Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jaclyn A Wisinski
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rachel J Fenske
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kristina A Matkowskyj
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle E Kimple
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caroline M Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
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47
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Lamming DW, Baar EL, Arriola Apelo SI, Tosti V, Fontana L. Short-term consumption of a plant protein diet does not improve glucose homeostasis of young C57BL/6J mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4:239-245. [PMID: 29276793 PMCID: PMC5734132 DOI: 10.3233/nha-170025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has become apparent that dietary macronutrient composition has a profound impact on metabolism, health and even lifespan. Work from many laboratories now suggest that dietary protein quality - the precise amino acid composition of the diet, as well as possibly the source of dietary protein - may also be critical in regulating the impact of diet on health. Perhaps in part due to the naturally low methionine content of plants, vegan diets are associated with a decreased risk of diabetes and improved insulin sensitivity, but this association is confounded by the lower overall protein intake of vegans. Here, we test the effect of consuming isocaloric rodent diets with similar amino acid profiles derived from either plant protein or dairy protein. We find that male C57BL/6J mice consuming either diet have similar glycemic control, as assessed by glucose, insulin, and pyruvate tolerance tests, and have similar overall body composition. We conclude that short-term feeding of plant protein has no positive or negative effect on the metabolic health of young male C57BL/6J mice, and suggest that dietary interventions that alter either dietary protein levels or the levels of specific essential amino acids are more likely to improve metabolic health than alterations in dietary protein source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emma L Baar
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sebastian I Arriola Apelo
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Valeria Tosti
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Science, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
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48
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Arguin G, Bourzac JF, Placet M, Molle CM, Paquette M, Beaudoin JF, Rousseau JA, Lecomte R, Plourde M, Gendron FP. The loss of P2X7 receptor expression leads to increase intestinal glucose transit and hepatic steatosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12917. [PMID: 29018292 PMCID: PMC5635021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), it was reported that the activation of the P2X7 receptor leads to the internalization of the glucose transporter GLUT2, which is accompanied by a reduction of IEC capacity to transport glucose. In this study, we used P2rx7 -/- mice to decipher P2X7 functions in intestinal glucose transport and to evaluate the impacts on metabolism. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed the presence of GLUT2 at the apical domain of P2rx7 -/- jejunum enterocytes. Positron emission tomography and biodistribution studies demonstrated that glucose was more efficiently delivered to the circulation of knockout animals. These findings correlated with increase blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides and cholesterol levels. In fact, P2rx7 -/- mice had increased serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels and displayed glucose intolerance and resistance to insulin. Finally, P2rx7 -/- mice developed a hepatic steatosis characterized by a reduction of Acaca, Acacb, Fasn and Acox1 mRNA expression, as well as for ACC and FAS protein expression. Our study suggests that P2X7 could play a central role in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Arguin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bourzac
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Morgane Placet
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline M Molle
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Paquette
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre of CRCHUS and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-François Beaudoin
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre of CRCHUS and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques A Rousseau
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre of CRCHUS and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Roger Lecomte
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre of CRCHUS and Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Fernand-Pierre Gendron
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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49
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Ayoub HM, McDonald MR, Sullivan JA, Tsao R, Platt M, Simpson J, Meckling KA. The Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Purple Vegetable Diets on Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Zucker Rats. J Med Food 2017; 20:1240-1249. [PMID: 28956702 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of highly colored fruits and vegetables rich in anthocyanins has been associated with numerous health benefits. Purple carrots (PC) and purple potatoes (PP) have higher anthocyanin concentrations and higher biological activities compared with less pigmented cultivars. We hypothesized that substitution of the majority of carbohydrate in a high fat diet with PP or PC, for 8 weeks, would improve insulin resistance and hypertension, major components of metabolic syndrome, compared with orange carrots (OC), white potatoes (WP) or a control, high fat, sucrose-rich diet (HFD) in obese Zucker rats. After 8 weeks of feeding, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ipITT), and invasive hemodynamic tests were performed. The PP group had better glucose tolerance compared with the WP and the HFD groups and higher insulin sensitivity as measured by the ipITT and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = .018) compared with the HFD without having any effect on blood pressure. The PC reduced left ventricular pressure compared with both the HFD (P = .01) and the OC (P = .049) groups and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared with the HFD group (P = .01 and <.0001, respectively) without having any effect on glucose homeostasis. The PC animals consumed more and were more obese than other groups, possibly obscuring any benefit of this vegetable on glucose tolerance. The bioactives in the vegetables responsible for blood pressure and glucose homeostasis could be different, and their effects could be independent of each other. The specific bioactives of each vegetable and their molecular targets remain to be identified. Nonetheless, incorporation of purple vegetables in functional food products may provide metabolic/cardiovascular benefits in the background of a high-fat diet that promotes obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Ayoub
- 1 Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada
| | - Mary Ruth McDonald
- 2 Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada
| | | | - Rong Tsao
- 3 Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph, Canada
| | - Mathew Platt
- 1 Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada
| | - Jeremy Simpson
- 1 Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada
| | - Kelly A Meckling
- 1 Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada
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50
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Bhatt M, Rudrapatna S, Banfield L, Bierbrier R, Wang PW, Wang KW, Thabane L, Samaan MC. Evaluating the evidence for macrophage presence in skeletal muscle and its relation to insulin resistance in obese mice and humans: a systematic review protocol. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:374. [PMID: 28789665 PMCID: PMC5549391 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The current global rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes are staggering. In order to implement effective management strategies, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of obesity-induced insulin resistance and diabetes. Macrophage infiltration and inflammation of the adipose tissue in obesity is a well-established paradigm, yet the role of macrophages in muscle inflammation, insulin resistance and diabetes is not adequately studied. In this systematic review, we will examine the evidence for the presence of macrophages in skeletal muscle of obese humans and mice, and will assess the association between muscle macrophages and insulin resistance. We will identify published studies that address muscle macrophage content and phenotype, and its association with insulin resistance. We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for eligible studies. Grey literature will be searched in ProQuest. Quality assessment will be conducted using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation risk of bias Tool for animal studies. Results The findings of this systematic review will shed light on immune-metabolic crosstalk in obesity, and allow the consideration of targeted therapies to modulate muscle macrophages in the treatment and prevention of diabetes. The review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2686-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meha Bhatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Srikesh Rudrapatna
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Banfield
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Bierbrier
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Centre for Evaluation of Medicines, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. .,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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