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Chae SA, Du M, Zhu MJ, Son JS. Exercise enhances placental labyrinth trophoblast development by activation of PGC-1α and FNDC5/irisin†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:355-364. [PMID: 37934783 PMCID: PMC10873274 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental chorion/labyrinth trophoblasts are energy demanding which is met by the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Exercise enhances placental development and mitochondrial biogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address, female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned into two groups: a control group and an exercise (EX) group. All animals were acclimated to treadmill exercise for 1 week before mating, but only the EX group was subjected to daily exercise during pregnancy from embryonic day (E) 1.5 to E16.5. Placenta were collected at E18.5 for biochemical and histochemical analyses, and primary trophoblast cells were isolated from the E18.5 placenta for further analyses. The data showed that exercise during pregnancy promoted the expression of syncytiotrophoblast cell markers, indicating trophoblast cell differentiation, which was closely associated with elevated mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in the E18.5 placenta. In addition, exercise during pregnancy activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α), which was associated with upregulated placental α-ketoglutarate and the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenases and ten-eleven translocations, facilitating DNA demethylation of the Pgc1a promoter. Furthermore, exercise upregulated fibronectin type III domain containing 5 expression and the secretion of its cleaved form, irisin, which is known to activate PGC-1α. These data suggest that exercise-induced activation of PGC-1α, via epigenetic modifications, is responsible for promoting mitochondrial energy metabolism and chorion/labyrinth trophoblast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ah Chae
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Du
- Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Jun Seok Son
- Nutrigenomics and Exercise Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Nguyen LT, Pollock CA, Saad S. Nutrition and Developmental Origins of Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:4207. [PMID: 37836490 PMCID: PMC10574202 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The developmental programming hypothesis proposes that adverse environmental insults during critical developmental periods increase the risk of diseases later in life. The kidneys are deemed susceptible to such a process, although the exact mechanisms remain elusive. Many factors have been reported to contribute to the developmental origin of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), among which peri-gestational nutrition has a central role, affecting kidney development and metabolism. Physiologically, the link between malnutrition, reduced glomerular numbers, and increased blood pressure is key in the developmental programming of CKD. However, recent studies regarding oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modifications, and metabolic changes have revealed potential novel pathways for therapeutic intervention. This review will discuss the role of imbalanced nutrition in the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long T. Nguyen
- Renal Research Group, Kolling Institute, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (C.A.P.); (S.S.)
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Arutjunyan AV, Milyutina YP, Shcherbitskaia AD, Kerkeshko GO, Zalozniaia IV. Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in the Effects of Maternal Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Functional State of Placenta and Nervous System Plasticity in the Offspring. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:435-456. [PMID: 37080931 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923040016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
According to modern view, susceptibility to diseases, specifically to cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders, can form during embryonic development. Adverse factors affecting mother during the pregnancy increase the risk of developing pathologies. Despite the association between elevated maternal blood homocysteine (Hcy) and fetal brain impairments, as well as cognitive deficits in the offspring, the role of brain plasticity in the development of these pathologies remains poorly studied. Here, we review the data on the negative impact of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the neural plasticity, in particular, its possible influence on the offspring brain plasticity through epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes in intracellular methylation potential, activity of DNA methyltransferases, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression in brain cells. Since placenta plays a key role in the transport of nutrients and transmission of signals from mother to fetus, its dysfunction due to aberrant epigenetic regulation can affect the development of fetal CNS. The review also presents the data on the impact of maternal HHcy on the epigenetic regulation in the placenta. The data presented in the review are not only interesting from purely scientific point of view, but can help in understanding the role of HHcy and epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as pregnancy pathologies resulting in the delayed development of fetal brain, cognitive impairments in the offspring during childhood, and neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders later in life, as well as in the search for approaches for their prevention using neuroprotectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Arutjunyan
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
- St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Yulia P Milyutina
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Anastasia D Shcherbitskaia
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Gleb O Kerkeshko
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russia
| | - Irina V Zalozniaia
- Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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L M, C H, V V, J L, M M, E Q, T C, M DN, F M. A plant-based diet differentially affects the global hepatic methylome in rainbow trout depending on genetic background. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1726-1737. [PMID: 35345978 PMCID: PMC9621033 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2058226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacing fish meal and oil in trout diets with plant-derived ingredients is a contemporary challenge to move towards more sustainable aquaculture practices. However, such dietary replacement causes hepatic metabolic changes that have not yet been elucidated. Here, we aimed to decipher the effect of a 100% plant-based diet on the hepatic global DNA methylation landscape in trout and assess whether changes depend on fish genetic background. We analysed the global methylome and the expression of DNA (de)methylation-related genes of three isogenic lines that exhibit similar growth when fed a marine resource-based diet (M diet), but differ in their responses to a plant-based diet (V diet). Our results revealed that the V diet induced a decrease in 5-cytosine combined with an increase in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in two of the three analysed lines. For one of these 2 affected lines, when fed the M diet but at the same feed intake of the V diet (MR), no methylome differences were highlighted between M and MR or between MR and V-fed trout whereas for the other affected line, M fed trout displayed a divergent methylome profile from MR and V fed fish. DNA (de)methylation-related genes were also affected by the V or MR diets. Our findings showed that the global hepatic methylome of trout is affected by a V diet, depending on genetic background. This latter effect seems to be due to either a decreased feed intake alone or combined with the effect of the dietary composition per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marandel L
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Heraud C
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Véron V
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Laithier J
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Marchand M
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Quillet E
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Callet T
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Dupont-Nivet M
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Médale F
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR 1419, Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
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Lv S, Qin R, Jiang Y, Lv H, Lu Q, Tao S, Huang L, Liu C, Xu X, Wang Q, Li M, Li Z, Ding Y, Song C, Jiang T, Ma H, Jin G, Xia Y, Wang Z, Geng S, Du J, Lin Y, Hu Z. Association of Maternal Dietary Patterns during Gestation and Offspring Neurodevelopment. Nutrients 2022; 14:730. [PMID: 35215380 PMCID: PMC8878236 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The health effects of diet are long term and persistent. Few cohort studies have investigated the influence of maternal dietary patterns during different gestational periods on offspring's health outcomes. This study investigated the associations between maternal dietary patterns in the mid- and late-gestation and infant's neurodevelopment at 1 year of age in the Jiangsu Birth Cohort (JBC) Study. A total of 1178 mother-child pairs were available for analysis. A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to investigate dietary intake at 22-26 and 30-34 gestational weeks (GWs). Neurodevelopment of children aged 1 year old was assessed using Bayley-Ⅲ Screening Test. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Poisson regression were used to extract dietary patterns and to investigate the association between dietary patterns and infant neurodevelopment. After adjusting for potential confounders, the maternal 'Aquatic products, Fresh vegetables and Homonemeae' pattern in the second trimester was associated with a lower risk of being non-competent in cognitive and gross motor development, respectively (cognition: aRR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.74-0.94; gross motor: aRR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.71-0.91), and the similar pattern, 'Aquatic products and Homonemeae', in the third trimester also showed significant association with decreased risk of failing age-appreciate cognitive and receptive communication development (cognition: aRR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.80-0.98; receptive communication: aRR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.84-0.99). Notably, adherence to the dietary pattern with relatively high aquatic and homonemeae products in both trimesters demonstrated remarkable protective effects on child neurodevelopment with the risk of being non-competent in cognitive and gross motor development decreasing by 59% (95% CI 0.21-0.79) and 63% (95% CI 0.18-0.77), respectively. Our findings suggested that adherence to the 'Aquatic products and Homonemeae' dietary pattern during pregnancy may have optimal effects on offspring's neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Yangqian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Hong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Qun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shiyao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Qingru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Hongxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-025-86868453 (S.G.); +86-025-86868317 (J.D.); +86-025-86868471 (Y.L.)
| | - Jiangbo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-025-86868453 (S.G.); +86-025-86868317 (J.D.); +86-025-86868471 (Y.L.)
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (Y.D.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); Tel.: +86-025-86868453 (S.G.); +86-025-86868317 (J.D.); +86-025-86868471 (Y.L.)
| | - Zhibin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (S.L.); (R.Q.); (Y.J.); (H.L.); (Q.L.); (S.T.); (L.H.); (C.L.); (X.X.); (Q.W.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (H.M.); (G.J.); (Y.X.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China;
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
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Doan TNA, Akison LK, Bianco-Miotto T. Epigenetic Mechanisms Responsible for the Transgenerational Inheritance of Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotypes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:838737. [PMID: 35432208 PMCID: PMC9008301 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.838737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A poorly functioning placenta results in impaired exchanges of oxygen, nutrition, wastes and hormones between the mother and her fetus. This can lead to restriction of fetal growth. These growth restricted babies are at increased risk of developing chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, later in life. Animal studies have shown that growth restricted phenotypes are sex-dependent and can be transmitted to subsequent generations through both the paternal and maternal lineages. Altered epigenetic mechanisms, specifically changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs that regulate expression of genes that are important for fetal development have been shown to be associated with the transmission pattern of growth restricted phenotypes. This review will discuss the subsequent health outcomes in the offspring after growth restriction and the transmission patterns of these diseases. Evidence of altered epigenetic mechanisms in association with fetal growth restriction will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Ngoc Anh Doan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa K. Akison
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tina Bianco-Miotto,
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Copur S, Rossing P, Afsar B, Sag AA, Siriopol D, Kuwabara M, Ortiz A, Kanbay M. A primer on metabolic memory: why existing diabesity treatments fail. Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:756-767. [PMID: 34512957 PMCID: PMC8422888 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite massive government and private sector investments into prevention of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity, efforts have largely failed, and the burden of cost remains in the treatment of downstream morbidity and mortality, with overall stagnating outcomes. A new paradigm shift in the approach to these patients may explain why existing treatment strategies fail, and offer new treatment targets. This review aims to provide a clinician-centred primer on metabolic memory, defined as the sum of irreversible genetic, epigenetic, cellular and tissue-level alterations that occur with long-time exposure to metabolic derangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Baris Afsar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Alan A Sag
- Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dimitrie Siriopol
- Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, 'C.I. PARHON' University Hospital, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Alberto Ortiz
- School of Medicine, Dialysis Unit, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bar J, Weiner E, Levy M, Gilboa Y. The thrifty phenotype hypothesis: The association between ultrasound and Doppler studies in fetal growth restriction and the development of adult disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2021; 3:100473. [PMID: 34481995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Barker pioneered the idea that the epidemic of coronary heart disease in Western countries in the 20th century, which paradoxically coincided with improved standards of living and nutrition, has its origin in fetal life. Indeed, there is substantial evidence associating low birthweight because of fetal growth restriction with an increased risk of vascular disease in later adult life. These conclusions led to the second part of the Barker hypothesis, the thrifty phenotype, in which adaptation to undernutrition in fetal life leads to permanent metabolic and endocrine changes. Such changes are beneficial if the undernutrition persists after birth but may predispose the individual to obesity and impaired glucose tolerance if conditions improve. The hypothesis assumes that a poor nutrient supply during a critical period of in utero life may "program" a permanent structural or functional change in the fetus, thereby altering the distribution of cell types, gene expression, or both. The fetus, in response to placental undernutrition and to maintain sufficient vascular supply to the brain, decreases resistance to blood flow in the middle cerebral artery. Simultaneously, because of the limited blood supply to the fetus, the arterial redistribution process is accompanied by increased resistance to flow to other fetal vital organs, such as the heart, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. It may explain why individuals exposed to ischemic changes in utero develop dyslipidemia, lower nephron number, and impaired glucose tolerance, all factors contributing to metabolic syndrome later in life. Nevertheless, support for the hypotheses comes mainly from studies in rodents and retrospective epidemiologic studies. This review focused on ultrasound and Doppler studies of human fetal growth restriction in several fetal organs: the placenta, fetal circulation, brain, heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, and pancreas. Support for the hypothesis was provided by animal studies involving conditions that create fetuses with growth restriction with effects on various fetal organs and by human studies that correlate impaired fetal circulation with the in utero development and function of fetal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr Weiner, and Dr. Levy); Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr. Weiner, Dr. Levy, and Dr. Gilboa)
| | - Eran Weiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr Weiner, and Dr. Levy); Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr. Weiner, Dr. Levy, and Dr. Gilboa).
| | - Michal Levy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr Weiner, and Dr. Levy)
| | - Yinon Gilboa
- Ultrasound Unit, Helen Schneider Comprehensive Women's Health Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel (Dr. Gilboa); Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (Dr. Bar, Dr. Weiner, Dr. Levy, and Dr. Gilboa)
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9
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Schupper A, Almashanu S, Coster D, Keidar R, Betser M, Sagiv N, Bassan H. Metabolic biomarkers of small and large for gestational age newborns. Early Hum Dev 2021; 160:105422. [PMID: 34271419 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) newborns are at increased risk for developmental, metabolic and cardiovascular morbidities. AIMS To compare the metabolic biomarkers of SGA and LGA infants with those of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns in order to shed more light on a possible pathogenesis of those morbidities. STUDY DESIGN An observational retrospective study. SUBJECTS 70,809 term newborns divided into AGA, SGA, LGA, and severe subcategories (<3rd percentile or ≥97th percentile). OUTCOME MEASURES 18 metabolites were measured by dried blood tandem mass spectrometry and compared in between groups in univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS SGA newborns had a significant likelihood for elevated methionine, proline, free carnitine, and reduced valine levels compared to AGA newborns (P < .0001). Severe SGA showed more apparent trends including elevated leucine. LGA newborns had a significant likelihood for low citrulline, glutamine, proline, tyrosine, and elevated leucine levels (P ≤ .0033). Severe LGA newborns showed the same trends, with the exception of citrulline and glutamine. CONCLUSIONS SGA and LGA newborns demonstrate distinct metabolic biomarkers in newborn screening. Most of the altered metabolites in the SGA group were elevated while those in the LGA group were decreased in comparison to AGA newborns. These trends were more apparent in the severe SGA subgroup while they mostly remained the same in the severe LGA subgroup. Whether these metabolic changes are involved with or can predict long-term outcome awaits further trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Schupper
- Department of Pediatrics, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomo Almashanu
- National Newborn Screening Program, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Israel
| | - Dan Coster
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rimona Keidar
- Department of Neonatology, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Betser
- Labor & Delivery Department, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Haim Bassan
- Pediatric Neurology & Development Center, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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10
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Zheng Y, Huang Y, Mencius J, Li Y, Zhao L, Luo W, Chen Y, Quan S. Distinct kinetic mechanisms of H3K4 methylation catalyzed by MLL3 and MLL4 core complexes. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100635. [PMID: 33823156 PMCID: PMC8144669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The methyltransferases MLL3 and MLL4 primarily catalyze the monomethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) on enhancers to regulate cell-type-specific gene expression and cell fate transition. MLL3 and MLL4 share almost identical binding partners and biochemical activities, but perform specific and nonredundant functions. The features and functions that distinguish MLL3 and MLL4 remain elusive. Here, we characterize the kinetic mechanisms of MLL3 and MLL4 ternary complexes containing the catalytic SET domain from MLL3 or MLL4 (MLL3SET or MLL4SET), the SPRY domain of ASH2L (ASH2LSPRY), and a short fragment of RBBP5 (RBBP5AS-ABM) to search for possible explanations. Steady-state kinetic analyses and inhibition studies reveal that the MLL3 complex catalyzes methylation in a random sequential bi-bi mechanism. In contrast, the MLL4 complex adopts an ordered sequential bi-bi mechanism, in which the cofactor S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) binds to the enzyme prior to the H3 peptide, and the methylated H3 peptide dissociates from the enzyme before S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) detaches after methylation. Substrate-binding assays using fluorescence polarization (FP) confirm that AdoMet binding is a prerequisite for H3 binding for the MLL4 complex but not for the MLL3 complex. Molecular dynamic simulations reveal that the binding of AdoMet exclusively induces conformational constraints on the AdoMet-binding groove and the H3 substrate-binding pocket of MLL4, therefore stabilizing a specific active conformation to ease entry of the substrate H3. The distinct kinetic mechanisms and conformational plasticities provide important insights into the differential functions of MLL3 and MLL4 and may also guide the development of selective inhibitors targeting MLL3 or MLL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Mencius
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shu Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Folic acid supplementation alleviates reduced ureteric branching, nephrogenesis, and global DNA methylation induced by maternal nutrient restriction in rat embryonic kidney. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230289. [PMID: 32251454 PMCID: PMC7135271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that maternal nutrient restriction (NR) inhibited ureteric branching, metanephric growth, and nephrogenesis in the rat. Here we examined whether folic acid, a methyl-group donor, rescues the inhibition of kidney development induced by NR and whether DNA methylation is involved in it. The offspring of dams given food ad libitum (CON) and those subjected to 50% food restriction (NR) were examined. NR significantly reduced ureteric tip number at embryonic day 14, which was attenuated by folic acid supplementation to nutrient restricted dams. At embryonic day 18, glomerular number, kidney weight, and global DNA methylation were reduced by NR, and maternal folic acid supplementation again alleviated them. Among DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), DNMT1 was strongly expressed at embryonic day 15 in CON but was reduced in NR. In organ culture, an inhibitor of DNA methylation 5-aza-2 '-deoxycytidine as well as medium lacking methyl donors folic acid, choline, and methionine, significantly decreased ureteric tip number and kidney size mimicking the effect of NR. In conclusion, global DNA methylation is necessary for normal kidney development. Folic acid supplementation to nutrient restricted dams alleviated the impaired kidney development and DNA methylation in the offspring.
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12
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Deodati A, Inzaghi E, Cianfarani S. Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease. Front Genet 2020; 10:1270. [PMID: 32082357 PMCID: PMC7000755 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between prenatal malnutrition and a higher risk of developing metabolic disease in adult life. An inadequate intrauterine milieu affects both growth and development, leading to a permanent programming of endocrine and metabolic functions. Programming may be due to the epigenetic modification of genes implicated in the regulation of key metabolic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNAs). The expression of miRNAs in organs that play a key role in metabolism is influenced by in utero programming, as demonstrated by both experimental and human studies. miRNAs modulate multiple pathways such as insulin signaling, immune responses, adipokine function, lipid metabolism, and food intake. Liver is one of the main target organs of programming, undergoing structural, functional, and epigenetic changes following the exposure to a suboptimal intrauterine environment. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of exposure to an adverse in utero milieu on epigenome with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in liver programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Deodati
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Inzaghi
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Cianfarani
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Vaiserman A, Lushchak O. Developmental origins of type 2 diabetes: Focus on epigenetics. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 55:100957. [PMID: 31473332 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, genetics and lifestyle are considered as main determinants of aging-associated pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence, however, suggests that risk of many age-related diseases is not only determined by genetic and adult lifestyle factors but also by factors acting during early development. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), an age-related disease generally manifested after the age of 40, is among such disorders. Since several age-related conditions, such as pro-inflammatory states, are characteristic of both T2D and aging, this disease is conceptualized by many authors as a kind of premature or accelerated aging. There is substantial evidence that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), induced by poor or unbalanced nutrient intake, exposure to xenobiotics, maternal substance abuse etc., may impair fetal development, thereby causing the fetal adipose tissue and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. Consequently, persisting adaptive changes may occur in the glucose-insulin metabolism, including reduced capacity for insulin secretion and insulin resistance. These changes can lead to an improved ability to store fat, thus predisposing to T2D development in later life. The modulation of epigenetic regulation of gene expression likely plays a central role in linking the adverse environmental conditions early in life to the risk of T2D in adulthood. In animal models of IUGR, long-term persistent changes in both DNA methylation and expression of genes implicated in metabolic processes have been repeatedly reported. Findings from human studies confirming the role of epigenetic mechanisms in linking early-life adverse experiences to the risk for T2D in adult life are scarce compared to data from animal studies, mainly because of limited access to suitable biological samples. It is, however, convincing evidence that these mechanisms may also operate in human beings. In this review, theoretical models and research findings evidencing the role of developmental epigenetic variation in the pathogenesis of T2D are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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14
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Navik U, Sheth VG, Kabeer SW, Tikoo K. Dietary Supplementation of Methyl Donor l-Methionine Alters Epigenetic Modification in Type 2 Diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801401. [PMID: 31532875 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The aim of the current study is to evaluate whether l-methionine supplementation (l-Met-S) improves type 2 diabetes-induced alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism by modulating one-carbon metabolism and methylation status. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes is induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats using high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin. At the end of study, various biochemical parameters, immunoblotting, qRT-PCR and ChIP-qPCR are performed. The first evidence that l-Met-S activates p-AMPK and SIRT1, very similar to "metformin," is provided. l-Met-S improves the altered key one-carbon metabolites in diabetic rats by modulating methionine adenosyl transferase 1A and cystathione β synthase expression. qRT-PCR shows that l-Met-S alleviates diabetes-induced increase in Forkhead transcription factor 1 expression and thereby regulating genes involved in glucose (G6pc, Pdk4, Pklr) and lipid metabolism (Fasn). Interestingly, l-Met-S inhibits the increased expression of DNMT1 and also prevents methylation of histone H3K36me2 under diabetic condition. ChIP assay shows that persistent increase in abundance of histone H3K36me2 on the promoter region of FOXO1 in diabetic rats and it is recovered by l-Met-S. CONCLUSION The first evidence that dietary supplementation of l-Met prevents diabetes-induced epigenetic alterations and regulating methionine levels can be therapeutically exploited for the treatment of metabolic diseases is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umashanker Navik
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Vaibhav G Sheth
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Shaheen Wasil Kabeer
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Kulbhushan Tikoo
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
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15
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Perez M, Robbins ME, Revhaug C, Saugstad OD. Oxygen radical disease in the newborn, revisited: Oxidative stress and disease in the newborn period. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:61-72. [PMID: 30954546 PMCID: PMC6791125 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty years ago, there was an emerging appreciation for the significance of oxidative stress in newborn disease. This prompted a renewed interest in the impact of oxygen therapy for the newborn in the delivery room and beyond, especially in premature infants. Today, the complexity of oxidative stress both in normal regulation and pathology is better understood, especially as it relates to neonatal mitochondrial oxidative stress responses to hyperoxia. Mitochondria are recipients of oxidative damage and have a propensity for oxidative self-injury that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neonatal lung diseases. Similarly, both intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and macrosomia are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Additionally, reoxygenation with 100% O2 in a hypoxic-ischemic newborn lamb model increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Moreover, the interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress in the newborn is better understood because of animal studies. Transcriptomic analyses have found a number of genes to be differentially expressed in murine models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Epigenetic changes have also been detected both in animal models of BPD and premature infants exposed to oxygen. Antioxidant therapy to prevent newborn disease has not been very successful; however, new therapeutic principles, like melatonin, are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez
- Division of Neonatology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mary E Robbins
- Division of Neonatology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cecilie Revhaug
- Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ola D Saugstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatric Research, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
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Şanlı E, Kabaran S. Maternal Obesity, Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Effects of Epigenetic Mechanisms on the Development of Metabolic Disorders. Curr Genomics 2019; 20:419-427. [PMID: 32476999 PMCID: PMC7235386 DOI: 10.2174/1389202920666191030092225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity and maternal overnutrition, can lead to epigenetic alterations during pregnancy and these alterations can influence fetal and neonatal phenotype which increase the risk of metabolic disorders in later stages of life. OBJECTIVE The effects of maternal obesity on fetal programming and potential mechanisms of maternal epigenetic regulation of gene expression which have persistent effects on fetal health and development were investigated. METHODS Review of the literature was carried out in order to discuss the effects of maternal obesity and epigenetic mechanisms in fetal programming of metabolic disorders. All abstracts and full-text articles were examined and the most relevant articles were included in this review. RESULTS Maternal obesity and maternal overnutrition during fetal period has important overall effects on long-term health. Maternal metabolic alterations during early stages of fetal development can lead to permanent changes in organ structures, cell numbers and metabolism. Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs) play an important role in disease susceptibility in the later stages of human life. Maternal nutrition alter expression of hypothalamic genes which can increase fetal and neonatal energy intake. Epigenetic modifications may affect the increasing rate of obesity and other metabolic disorders worldwide since the impact of these changes can be passed through generations. CONCLUSION Weight management before and during pregnancy, together with healthy nutritional intakes may improve the maternal metabolic environment, which can reduce the risks of fetal programming of metabolic diseases. Further evidence from long-term follow-up studies are needed in order to determine the role of maternal obesity on epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Şanlı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, T.R. North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Seray Kabaran
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, T.R. North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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Zhang H, Li Y, Chen Y, Ying Z, Su W, Zhang T, Dong Y, Htoo JK, Zhang L, Wang T. Effects of dietary methionine supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity and immune function in intra-uterine growth-retarded suckling piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:868-881. [PMID: 30941824 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with L -methionine (L -Met), DL -methionine (DL -Met) and calcium salt of the methionine hydroxyl analog (MHA-Ca) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity and immune function in intra-uterine growth-retarded (IUGR) suckling piglets. Six normal birthweight (NBW) female piglets and 24 same-sex IUGR piglets were selected at birth. Piglets were fed nutrient adequate basal diet supplemented with 0.08% L -alanine (NBW-CON), 0.08% L -alanine (IUGR-CON), 0.12% L -Met (IUGR-LM), 0.12% DL -Met (IUGR-DLM) and 0.16% MHA-Ca (IUGR-MHA-Ca) from 7 to 21 days of age respectively (n = 6). The results indicated that IUGR decreased average daily milk (dry matter) intake and average daily gain and increased feed conversion ratio of suckling piglets (p < 0.05). Compared with the NBW-CON piglets, IUGR also impaired villus morphology and reduced antioxidant capacity and immune homeostasis in the intestine of IUGR-CON piglets (p < 0.05). Supplementation with L -Met enhanced jejunal villus height (VH) and villus area and ileal VH of IUGR piglets compared with IUGR-CON piglets (p < 0.05). Similarly, DL -Met supplementation increased VH and the ratio of VH to crypt depth in the jejunum compared with IUGR-CON pigs (p < 0.05). Supplementation with L -Met and DL -Met (0.12%) tended to increase reduced glutathione content and reduced glutathione: oxidized glutathione ratio and decrease protein carbonyl concentration in the jejunum of piglets when compared with the IUGR-CON group (p < 0.10). However, supplementation with MHA-Ca had no effect on the intestinal redox status of IUGR piglets (p > 0.10). In conclusion, supplementation with either L -Met or DL -Met has a beneficial effect on the intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity of IUGR suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weipeng Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Evonik Degussa (China) Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Evonik Degussa (China) Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - John K Htoo
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau, Germany
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Crouse MS, Caton JS, Cushman RA, McLean KJ, Dahlen CR, Borowicz PP, Reynolds LP, Ward AK. Moderate nutrient restriction of beef heifers alters expression of genes associated with tissue metabolism, accretion, and function in fetal liver, muscle, and cerebrum by day 50 of gestation. Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:855-866. [PMID: 32704851 PMCID: PMC7200894 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that a moderate maternal nutrient restriction during the first 50 d of gestation in beef heifers would affect transcript abundance of genes associated with tissue metabolism, accretion, and function in fetal liver, muscle, and cerebrum. Angus-cross heifers were estrus synchronized and assigned at breeding to one of two dietary treatments (CON- 100% of nutrient requirements to gain 0.45 kg/d; RES- 60% of CON). At day 50 of gestation, 14 heifers were ovariohysterectomized, and fetal liver, muscle, and cerebrum were collected. Transcriptome analysis via RNA-seq was conducted on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform using 50-bp paired-end reads at a depth of 2 × 10.4M reads/sample. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using the Tuxedo Suite and ontological analysis with DAVID 6.8. For fetal liver, muscle, and cerebrum, a total of 548, 317, and 151 genes, respectively (P < 0.01) were differentially expressed, of which 201, 144, and 28 genes, respectively were false discovery rate protected (FDR; q < 0.10). Differentially expressed genes were screened for fit into functional categories of pathways or ontologies associated with known impacts on tissue metabolism, accretion, and function. In fetal liver, five functional categories of interest (n = 125 genes) were affected by nutritional treatment: metabolic pathways, protein kinase, nucleosome core, mRNA splicing, and complement/coagulation cascades, of which 105 genes were upregulated in RES. In fetal muscle, three functional categories of interest (n = 106 genes) were affected by nutritional treatment: skeletal muscle, embryogenesis, and signaling cascades, of which 64 genes were upregulated in RES. In fetal cerebrum, three functional categories of interest (n = 60 genes) were affected by nutritional treatment: hippocampus and neurogenesis, metal-binding, and cytoskeleton, of which 58 genes were upregulated in RES. These results demonstrate that a moderate maternal nutrient restriction during the first 50 d of gestation in beef heifers alters transcript abundance of genes potentially impacting tissue metabolism, accretion, and function in fetal liver, muscle, and cerebrum. Furthermore, these results indicate that affected categories are tissue-specific and moderate maternal nutrient restriction generally increases expression of genes in fetuses from RES fed dams. Finally, these data lay the foundation upon which further research that identifies phenotypic responses to changes in these pathways may be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Crouse
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Joel S Caton
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | | | - Kyle J McLean
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Carl R Dahlen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Pawel P Borowicz
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Lawrence P Reynolds
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Alison K Ward
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
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19
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Portha B, Grandjean V, Movassat J. Mother or Father: Who Is in the Front Line? Mechanisms Underlying the Non-Genomic Transmission of Obesity/Diabetes via the Maternal or the Paternal Line. Nutrients 2019; 11:E233. [PMID: 30678214 PMCID: PMC6413176 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive epidemiological and experimental evidence have shown that exposure to an adverse intrauterine environment as observed in offspring of pregnancies complicated by obesity or diabetes, can program susceptibility to metabolic, endocrine and cardiovascular disorders later in life. Although most studies have concentrated on the maternal environment, it is also becoming evident that paternal exposure to obesity or diabetes can result in the later development of metabolic disorders in the offspring. Such programmed effects might not be limited to the first directly exposed generation, but could be transmitted to subsequent generations. This suggests the existence of mechanisms by which metabolic changes in parental phenotype are transmissible to offspring. The mechanisms which underpin the transmission of the programmed effects across generations are still unclear. However, epigenetic regulation of transcription has emerged as a strong candidate for mediating the heritability of metabolic diseases. Here, we review the most relevant evidence from human and animal studies showing transmission of programming effects of obesity or diabetes across generations, and the current mechanisms underlying either maternal or paternal influences on the metabolic status of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Portha
- Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS UMR 8251, F-75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
| | - Valérie Grandjean
- Inserm U1065 C3M, Team Control of Gene Expression (10), Université Côte d'Azur, 151 Route de Ginestière, 06204 Nice CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Université Paris-Diderot, CNRS UMR 8251, F-75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France.
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20
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Abstract
The incidence of metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity continue to increase. Although it is evident that the increasing incidence of diabetes confers a global societal and economic burden, the mechanisms responsible for the increased incidence of T2D are not well understood. Extensive efforts to understand the association of early-life perturbations with later onset of metabolic diseases, the founding principle of developmental origins of health and disease, have been crucial in determining the mechanisms that may be driving the pathogenesis of T2D. As the programming of the epigenome occurs during critical periods of development, it has emerged as a potential molecular mechanism that could occur early in life and impact metabolic health decades later. In this review, we critically evaluate human and animal studies that illustrated an association of epigenetic processes with development of T2D as well as intervention strategies that have been employed to reverse the perturbed epigenetic modification or reprogram the naturally occurring epigenetic marks to favor improved metabolic outcome. We highlight that although our understanding of epigenetics and its contribution toward developmental origins of T2D continues to grow, whether epigenetics is a cause, consequence, or merely a correlation remains debatable due to the many limitations/challenges of the existing epigenetic studies. Finally, we discuss the potential of establishing collaborative research efforts between different disciplines, including physiology, epigenetics, and bioinformatics, to help advance the developmental origins field with great potential for understanding the pathogenesis of T2D and developing preventive strategies for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Bansal
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharvari S. Deshpande
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Nafisa H. Balasinor
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Parel, Mumbai, India
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22
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Wu DM, Ma LP, Song GL, Long Y, Liu HX, Liu Y, Ping J. Steroidogenic factor-1 hypermethylation in maternal rat blood could serve as a biomarker for intrauterine growth retardation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96139-96153. [PMID: 29221193 PMCID: PMC5707087 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a common obstetric complication lacking an optimal method for prenatal screening. DNA methylation profile in maternal blood holds significant promise for prenatal screening. Here, we aimed to screen out potential IUGR biomarkers in maternal blood from the perspective of DNA methylation. The IUGR rat model was established by prenatal maternal undernutrition. High-throughput bisulfite sequencing of genomic DNA methylation followed by functional clustering analysis for differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes demonstrated that genes regulating transcription had the most significantly changed DNA methylation status in maternal blood with IUGR. Genes about apoptosis and placental development were also changed. Besides increased placental apoptosis, IUGR rats demonstrated the same hypermethylated CpG sites of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, a DMR-associated transcription factor about placenta) promoter in maternal blood and placentae. Further, ff1b, the SF-1 ortholog, was knocked out in zebrafish by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The knock-out zebrafish demonstrated developmental inhibition and increased IUGR rates, which confirmed the role of SF-1 in IUGR development. Finally, hypermethylated SF-1 was observed in human maternal blood of IUGR. This study firstly presented distinct DNA methylation profile in maternal blood of IUGR and showed hypermethylated SF-1 could be a potential IUGR biomarker in maternal rat blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liang-Peng Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Gui-Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Conservation of Aquatic Organism, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yong Long
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Conservation of Aquatic Organism, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Han-Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jie Ping
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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23
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Sureshchandra S, Wilson RM, Rais M, Marshall NE, Purnell JQ, Thornburg KL, Messaoudi I. Maternal Pregravid Obesity Remodels the DNA Methylation Landscape of Cord Blood Monocytes Disrupting Their Inflammatory Program. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:2729-2744. [PMID: 28887432 PMCID: PMC7384891 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prepregnancy maternal obesity is associated with adverse outcomes for the offspring, including increased incidence of neonatal bacterial sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. We recently reported that umbilical cord blood (UCB) monocytes from babies born to obese mothers generate a reduced IL-6/TNF-α response to TLR 1/2 and 4 ligands compared to those collected from lean mothers. These observations suggest altered development of the offspring's immune system, which in turn results in dysregulated function. We therefore investigated transcriptional and epigenetic differences within UCB monocytes stratified by prepregnancy maternal body mass index. We show that UCB monocytes from babies born to obese mothers generate a dampened response to LPS stimulation compared with those born to lean mothers, at the level of secreted immune mediators and transcription. Because gene expression profiles of resting UCB monocytes from both groups were comparable, we next investigated the role of epigenetic differences. Indeed, we detected stark differences in methylation levels within promoters and regulatory regions of genes involved in TLR signaling in resting UCB monocytes. Interestingly, the DNA methylation status of resting cells was highly predictive of transcriptional changes post-LPS stimulation, suggesting that cytosine methylation is one of the dominant mechanisms driving functional inadequacy in UCB monocytes obtained from babies born to obese mothers. These data highlight a potentially critical role of maternal pregravid obesity-associated epigenetic changes in influencing the function of an offspring's monocytes at birth. These findings further our understanding of mechanisms that explain the increased risk of infection in neonates born to mothers with high prepregnancy body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Randall M Wilson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Maham Rais
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Nicole E Marshall
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239; and
| | - Jonathan Q Purnell
- Department of Medicine, The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Department of Medicine, The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697;
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24
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Wooldridge AL, Bischof RJ, Liu H, Heinemann GK, Hunter DS, Giles LC, Simmons RA, Lien YC, Lu W, Rabinowitz JD, Kind KL, Owens JA, Clifton VL, Gatford KL. Late-gestation maternal dietary methyl donor and cofactor supplementation in sheep partially reverses protection against allergic sensitization by IUGR. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R22-R33. [PMID: 28978515 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00549.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal exposures are associated with altered risks of childhood allergy. Human studies and our previous work suggest that restricted growth in utero (IUGR) is protective against allergic disease. The mechanisms are not clearly defined, but reduced fetal abundance and altered metabolism of methyl donors are hypothesized as possible underlying mechanisms. Therefore, we examined whether late-gestation maternal dietary methyl donor and cofactor supplementation of the placentally restricted (PR) sheep pregnancy would reverse allergic protection in progeny. Allergic outcomes were compared between progeny from control pregnancies (CON; n = 49), from PR pregnancies without intervention (PR; n = 28), and from PR pregnancies where the dam was fed a methyl donor plus cofactor supplement from day 120 of pregnancy until delivery (PR + Methyl; n = 25). Both PR and PR + Methyl progeny were smaller than CON; supplementation did not alter birth size. PR was protective against cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin (OVA; P < 0.01 in singletons). Cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to OVA in PR + Methyl progeny were intermediate to and not different from the responses of CON and PR sheep. Cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to house dust mites did not differ between treatments. In singleton progeny, upper dermal mast cell density was greater in PR + Methyl than in PR or CON (each P < 0.05). The differences in the cutaneous allergic response were not explained by treatment effects on circulating immune cells or antibodies. Our results suggest that mechanisms underlying in utero programming of allergic susceptibility by IUGR and methyl donor availability may differ and imply that late-gestation methyl donor supplementation may increase allergy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Wooldridge
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Robert J Bischof
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Clayton, Victoria , Australia.,Department of Physiology, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Hong Liu
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Gary K Heinemann
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Damien S Hunter
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Lynne C Giles
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,School of Population Health, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yu-Chin Lien
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Karen L Kind
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Julie A Owens
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Vicki L Clifton
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn L Gatford
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
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25
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Sulaiman SA, De Blasio MJ, Harland ML, Gatford KL, Owens JA. Maternal methyl donor and cofactor supplementation in late pregnancy increases β-cell numbers at 16 days of life in growth-restricted twin lambs. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E381-E390. [PMID: 28679621 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00033.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Restricted growth before birth (IUGR) increases adult risk of Type 2 diabetes by impairing insulin sensitivity and secretion. Altered fetal one-carbon metabolism is implicated in developmental programming of adult health and disease by IUGR. Therefore, we evaluated effects of maternal dietary supplementation with methyl donors and cofactors (MMDS), designed to increase fetal supply, on insulin action in the spontaneously IUGR twin lamb. In vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were measured at days 12-14 in singleton controls (CON, n = 7 lambs from 7 ewes), twins (IUGR, n = 8 lambs from 8 ewes), and twins from ewes that received MMDS (2 g rumen-protected methionine, 300 mg folic acid, 1.2 g sulfur, 0.7 mg cobalt) daily from 120 days after mating (~0.8 of term) until delivery (IUGR+MMDS, n = 8 lambs from 4 ewes). Body composition and pancreas morphometry were assessed in lambs at day 16 IUGR reduced size at birth and increased neonatal fractional growth rate. MMDS normalized long bone lengths but not other body dimensions of IUGR lambs at birth. IUGR did not impair glucose control or insulin action at days 12-14, compared with controls. MMDS increased metabolic clearance rate of insulin and increased β-cell numerical density and tended to improve insulin sensitivity, compared with untreated IUGR lambs. This demonstrates that effects of late-pregnancy methyl donor supplementation persist until at least the third week of life. Whether these effects of MMDS persist beyond early postnatal life and improve metabolic outcomes after IUGR in adults and the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti A Sulaiman
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M Lyn Harland
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn L Gatford
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie A Owens
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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26
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Tarry-Adkins JL, Ozanne SE. Nutrition in early life and age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 39:96-105. [PMID: 27594376 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-associated disease is increasing at a striking rate globally. It is known that a strong association exists between a suboptimal maternal and/or early-life environment and increased propensity of developing age-associated disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. The dissection of underlying molecular mechanisms to explain this phenomenon, which is known as 'developmental programming' is still emerging; however three common mechanisms have emerged in many models of developmental programming. These mechanisms are (a) changes in tissue structure, (b) epigenetic regulation and (c) accelerated cellular ageing. This review will examine the epidemiological evidence and the animal models of suboptimal maternal environments, focusing upon these molecular mechanisms and will discuss the progress being made in the development of safe and effective intervention strategies which ultimately could target those 'programmed' individuals who are known to be at-risk of age-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, UK.
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, UK.
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27
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Su W, Zhang H, Ying Z, Li Y, Zhou L, Wang F, Zhang L, Wang T. Effects of dietary l-methionine supplementation on intestinal integrity and oxidative status in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:2735-2745. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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28
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Gatford KL, Wooldridge AL, Kind KL, Bischof R, Clifton VL. Pre-birth origins of allergy and asthma. J Reprod Immunol 2017; 123:88-93. [PMID: 28760578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergy is a chronic disease that can develop as early as infancy, suggesting that early life factors are important in its aetiology. Variable associations between size at birth, a crude marker of the fetal environment, and allergy have been reported in humans and require comprehensive review. Associations between birth weight and allergy are however confounded in humans, and we and others have therefore begun exploring the effects of early life events on allergy in experimental models. In particular, we are using ovine models to investigate whether and how a restricted environment before birth protects against allergy, whether methyl donor availability contributes to allergic protection in IUGR, and why maternal asthma during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of allergic disease in children. We found that experimental intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in sheep reduced cutaneous responses to antigens in progeny, despite normal or elevated IgE responses. Furthermore, maternal methyl donor supplementation in late pregnancy partially reversed effects of experimental IUGR, consistent with the proposal that epigenetic pathways underlie some but not all effects of IUGR on allergic susceptibility. Ovine experimental allergic asthma with exacerbations reduces relative fetal size in late gestation, with some changes in immune populations in fetal thymus suggestive of increased activation. Maternal allergic asthma in mice also predisposes progeny to allergy development. In conclusion, these findings in experimental models provide direct evidence that a perturbed environment before birth alters immune system development and postnatal function, and provide opportunities to investigate underlying mechanisms and develop and evaluate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Gatford
- Robinson Research Institute, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Australia.
| | - A L Wooldridge
- Robinson Research Institute, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Australia; School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - K L Kind
- Robinson Research Institute, Australia; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - R Bischof
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - V L Clifton
- Robinson Research Institute, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Australia; Mater Research Institute and Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Australia
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29
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Structure and Function of Enterocyte in Intrauterine Growth Retarded Pig Neonates. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:5238134. [PMID: 28757676 PMCID: PMC5516756 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5238134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The intestine of intrauterine growth retarded (IUGR) neonates showed different morphology compared to neonates born with normal body weight (NBW). The aim of the present study was to investigate the ultrastructure and proteomic profile of the gut epithelium in IUGR pig neonates with special attention to the digestive and absorptive function. Intestine tissue samples were investigated in 7-day-old IUGR and NBW littermate piglets using histometry, immunofluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mass spectrometry analysis. IUGR piglets have shown reduced mucosa and muscularis thickness and an enhanced number of foetal type enterocytes (FTE). SEM studies have shown the lack of the characteristic large-size vacuole in IUGR's enterocytes. Delayed removal of FTE in IUGR neonates was probably due to the inhibited apoptosis in the apical part of villi and increased apoptosis and reduced mitosis in the crypt region. In the expression of proteins in the intestinal mucosa such as hexokinase I, histones, and prelamin A/C, carbamoyl phosphate was reduced in IUGR neonates. Finally, IUGR intestines showed higher expression of HSPA9 and HSPA5 as apoptosis markers. The data indicate modifications of gut mucosa in IUGRs that may result in slower gut mucosa maturation and reduced utilisation of nutrient as compared to NBW pig neonates.
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30
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de Luca A, Hankard R, Borys JM, Sinnett D, Marcil V, Levy E. Nutriepigenomics and malnutrition. Epigenomics 2017; 9:893-917. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is defined as the modulation of gene expression without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic alterations, as a consequence of in utero malnutrition, may play a role in susceptibility to develop adulthood diseases and inheritance. However, the mechanistic link between epigenetic modifications and abnormalities in nutrition remains elusive. This review provides an update on the association of suboptimal nutritional environment and the high propensity to produce adult-onset chronic illnesses with a particular focus on modifications in genome functions that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence. We will mention the drivers of the phenotype and pattern of epigenetic markers set down during the reprogramming along with novel preventative and therapeutic strategies. New knowledge of epigenetic alterations is opening a gate toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud de Luca
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- INSERM, U 1069, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Regis Hankard
- INSERM, U 1069, F-37044 Tours, France
- François Rabelais University, F-37000 Tours, France
| | | | - Daniel Sinnett
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- EPODE International Network, F-75017 Paris, France
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
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31
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Li X, Zhang M, Pan X, Xu Z, Sun M. “Three Hits” Hypothesis for Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases in View of Cardiovascular Abnormalities. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:744-757. [PMID: 28509412 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Institute for Fetology; First Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou China
| | - Mengshu Zhang
- Institute for Fetology; First Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology in Guangdong province; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
- Department of Genetics; Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology; First Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology; First Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou China
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Zhu Y, Wang W, Yuan T, Fu L, Zhou L, Lin G, Zhao S, Zhou H, Wu G, Wang J. MicroRNA-29a mediates the impairment of intestinal epithelial integrity induced by intrauterine growth restriction in pig. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 312:G434-G442. [PMID: 28280141 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00020.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An important characteristic of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) neonate is the impaired intestinal barrier function. With the use of a pig model, this study was conducted to identify the responsible microRNA (miRNA) for the intestinal damage in IUGR neonates through comparing the miRNA profile of IUGR and normal porcine neonates and to investigate the regulation mechanism. Compared with the normal ones, we identified 83 upregulated and 76 downregulated miRNAs in the jejunum of IUGR pigs. Notably, IUGR is associated with profoundly increasesd miR-29 family and decreased expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) and tight junction (TJ) proteins in the jejunum. Furthermore, in vitro study using theporcine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-1) showed that inhibition of miR-29a expression could improve the monolayer integrity by increasing cell proliferation and transepithelial resistance. Also, overexpression/inhibition of miR-29a in IPEC-1 cells can suppress/increase the expression of integrin-β1, collagen I, collagen IV, fibronectin, and claudin 1, both at transcriptional and translational levels. Subsequent luciferase reporter assay confirmed a direct interaction between miR-29a and the 3'-untranslated regions of these genes. In conclusion, this study reveals that IUGR-impaired intestinal barrier function is associated with downregulated ECM and TJ protein expression mediated by the upregulation of miR-29a.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) remains a major problem for both human health and animal production due to its association with high rates of preweaning morbidity and mortality. We have identified the abnormal expression of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) in the small intestine of IUGR neonates, as well as its targets and mechanisms. These results provide new information about biological characteristics of IUGR-affected intestinal dysfunction and can lead to the development of potentially solution for preventing and treating IUGR in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Taolin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California; and
| | - Guoyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China, Agricultural University, Beijing, China;
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Rapozo DCM, Bernardazzi C, de Souza HSP. Diet and microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: The gut in disharmony. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:2124-2140. [PMID: 28405140 PMCID: PMC5374124 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i12.2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization of the gut shapes both the local and the systemic immune response and is implicated in the modulation of immunity in both healthy and disease states. Recently, quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the gut microbiota have been detected in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, reinforcing the hypothesis of dysbiosis as a relevant mechanism underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. Humans and microbes have co-existed and co-evolved for a long time in a mutually beneficial symbiotic association essential for maintaining homeostasis. However, the microbiome is dynamic, changing with age and in response to environmental modifications. Among such environmental factors, food and alimentary habits, progressively altered in modern societies, appear to be critical modulators of the microbiota, contributing to or co-participating in dysbiosis. In addition, food constituents such as micronutrients are important regulators of mucosal immunity, with direct or indirect effects on the gut microbiota. Moreover, food constituents have recently been shown to modulate epigenetic mechanisms, which can result in increased risk for the development and progression of IBD. Therefore, it is likely that a better understanding of the role of different food components in intestinal homeostasis and the resident microbiota will be essential for unravelling the complex molecular basis of the epigenetic, genetic and environment interactions underlying IBD pathogenesis as well as for offering dietary interventions with minimal side effects.
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Wanner N, Bechtel-Walz W. Epigenetics of kidney disease. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 369:75-92. [PMID: 28286899 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modifications determine renal programming and the development and progression of renal disease. The identification of the way in which the renal cell epigenome is altered by environmental modifiers driving the onset and progression of renal diseases has extended our understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney disease progression. In this review, we focus on current knowledge concerning the implications of epigenetic modifications during renal disease from early development to chronic kidney disease progression including renal fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy and the translational potential of identifying new biomarkers and treatments for the prevention and therapy of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wanner
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Center for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Wibke Bechtel-Walz
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Renal Division, University Hospital Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 66, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Sales VM, Ferguson-Smith AC, Patti ME. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Transmission of Metabolic Disease across Generations. Cell Metab 2017; 25:559-571. [PMID: 28273478 PMCID: PMC5404272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Both human and animal studies indicate that environmental exposures experienced during early life can robustly influence risk for adult disease. Moreover, environmental exposures experienced by parents during either intrauterine or postnatal life can also influence the health of their offspring, thus initiating a cycle of disease risk across generations. In this Perspective, we focus on epigenetic mechanisms in germ cells, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs, which collectively may provide a non-genetic molecular legacy of prior environmental exposures and influence transcriptional regulation, developmental trajectories, and adult disease risk in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicencia Micheline Sales
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Sixth Floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anne C Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Sixth Floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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36
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Won SB, Han A, Kwon YH. Maternal consumption of low-isoflavone soy protein isolate alters hepatic gene expression and liver development in rat offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 42:51-61. [PMID: 28126648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In utero environment is known to affect fetal development. Especially, the distinct fetal programming of carcinogenesis was reported in offspring exposed to maternal diets containing soy protein isolate (SPI) or genistein. Therefore, we investigated whether maternal consumption of low-isoflavone SPI or genistein alters hepatic gene expression and liver development in rat offspring. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a casein diet, a low-isoflavone SPI diet or a casein diet supplemented with genistein (250 mg/kg diet) for 2 weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring were studied on postnatal day 21 (CAS, SPI and GEN groups). Among 965 differentially expressed hepatic genes related to maternal diet (P<.05), the expression of 590 was significantly different between CAS and SPI groups. Conversely, the expression of 88 genes was significantly different between CAS and GEN groups. Especially, genes involved in drug metabolism were significantly affected by the maternal diet. SPI group showed increased cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis and activation of the mTOR pathway, which may contribute to a higher relative liver weight compared to other groups. We observed higher serum homocysteine levels and lower global and CpG site-specific DNA methylation of Gadd45b, a gene involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, in SPI group compared to CAS group. Maternal SPI diet also reduced histone H3-Lysine 9 (H3K9) trimethylation and increased H3K9 acetylation in offspring. These results demonstrate that maternal consumption of a low-isoflavone SPI diet alters the hepatic gene expression profile and liver development in offspring possibly by epigenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Bom Won
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hye Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Indrio F, Martini S, Francavilla R, Corvaglia L, Cristofori F, Mastrolia SA, Neu J, Rautava S, Russo Spena G, Raimondi F, Loverro G. Epigenetic Matters: The Link between Early Nutrition, Microbiome, and Long-term Health Development. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:178. [PMID: 28879172 PMCID: PMC5572264 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are among the most important mechanisms by which environmental factors can influence early cellular differentiation and create new phenotypic traits during pregnancy and within the neonatal period without altering the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence. A number of antenatal and postnatal factors, such as maternal and neonatal nutrition, pollutant exposure, and the composition of microbiota, contribute to the establishment of epigenetic changes that can not only modulate the individual adaptation to the environment but also have an influence on lifelong health and disease by modifying inflammatory molecular pathways and the immune response. Postnatal intestinal colonization, in turn determined by maternal flora, mode of delivery, early skin-to-skin contact and neonatal diet, leads to specific epigenetic signatures that can affect the barrier properties of gut mucosa and their protective role against later insults, thus potentially predisposing to the development of late-onset inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to outline the epigenetic mechanisms of programming and development acting within early-life stages and to examine in detail the role of maternal and neonatal nutrition, microbiota composition, and other environmental factors in determining epigenetic changes and their short- and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Indrio
- Department of Pediatrics, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Martini
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Corvaglia
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Andrea Mastrolia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Josef Neu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Samuli Rautava
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Giovanna Russo Spena
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Raimondi
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Loverro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy
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Thaler L, Steiger H. Eating Disorders and Epigenetics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 978:93-103. [PMID: 28523542 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53889-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by intense preoccupation with shape and weight and maladaptive eating practices. The complex of symptoms that characterize EDs often arise through the activation of latent genetic potentials by environmental exposures, and epigenetic mechanisms are believed to link environmental exposures to gene expression. This chapter provides an overview of genetic factors acting in the etiology of EDs. It then provides a background to the hypothesis that epigenetic mechanisms link stresses such as obstetric complications and childhood abuse as well as effects of malnutrition to eating disorders (EDs). The chapter then summarizes the emerging body of literature on epigenetics and EDs-mainly studies on DNA methylation in samples of anorexia and bulimia. The available evidence base suggests that an epigenetically informed perspective contributes in valuable ways to the understanding of why people develop EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Thaler
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Institute, Montreal West Island Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3. .,Psychiatry Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3A 1Y2.
| | - Howard Steiger
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Institute, Montreal West Island Integrated University Health and Social Services Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, QC, Canada, H4H 1R3.,Psychiatry Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3A 1Y2
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N-acetylcysteine attenuates intrauterine growth retardation-induced hepatic damage in suckling piglets by improving glutathione synthesis and cellular homeostasis. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:327-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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40
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Zhang L, Shen L, Xu D, Wang L, Guo Y, Liu Z, Liu Y, Liu L, Magdalou J, Chen L, Wang H. Increased susceptibility of prenatal food restricted offspring to high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is intrauterine programmed. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 65:236-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Ding GL, Liu Y, Liu ME, Pan JX, Guo MX, Sheng JZ, Huang HF. The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:948-53. [PMID: 25814158 PMCID: PMC4814953 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.150844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damages, dysfunctions, and failures of various organs. An important complication of diabetes is the disturbance in the male reproductive system. Glucose metabolism is an important event in spermatogenesis. Moreover, glucose metabolism is also important for maintaining basic cell activity, as well as specific functions, such as motility and fertilization ability in mature sperm. Diabetic disease and experimentally induced diabetes both demonstrated that either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes could have detrimental effects on male fertility, especially on sperm quality, such as sperm motility, sperm DNA integrity, and ingredients of seminal plasma. Epigenetic modifications are essential during spermatogenesis. The epigenetic regulation represents chromatin modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, remodeling of nucleosomes and the higher-order chromatin reorganization and noncoding RNAs. If spermatogenesis is affected during the critical developmental window, embryonic gonadal development, and germline differentiation, environmentally-induced epigenetic modifications may become permanent in the germ line epigenome and have a potential impact on subsequent generations through epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Diabetes may influence the epigenetic modification during sperm spermatogenesis and that these epigenetic dysregulation may be inherited through the male germ line and passed onto more than one generation, which in turn may increase the risk of diabetes in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - He-Feng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030; The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310058, China
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42
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Eating disorders, gene-environment interactions and the epigenome: Roles of stress exposures and nutritional status. Physiol Behav 2016; 162:181-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Acosta D, Denicol A, Tribulo P, Rivelli M, Skenandore C, Zhou Z, Luchini D, Corrêa M, Hansen P, Cardoso F. Effects of rumen-protected methionine and choline supplementation on the preimplantation embryo in Holstein cows. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1669-1679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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44
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Lendvai Á, Deutsch MJ, Plösch T, Ensenauer R. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors under epigenetic control in placental metabolism and fetal development. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E797-810. [PMID: 26860983 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00372.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The placental metabolism can adapt to the environment throughout pregnancy to both the demands of the fetus and the signals from the mother. Such adaption processes include epigenetic mechanisms, which alter gene expression and may influence the offspring's health. These mechanisms are linked to the diversity of prenatal environmental exposures, including maternal under- or overnutrition or gestational diabetes. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that contribute to the developmental plasticity of the placenta by regulating lipid and glucose metabolism pathways, including lipogenesis, steroidogenesis, glucose transporters, and placental signaling pathways, thus representing a link between energy metabolism and reproduction. Among the PPAR isoforms, PPARγ appears to be the main modulator of mammalian placentation. Certain fatty acids and lipid-derived moieties are the natural activating PPAR ligands. By controlling the amounts of maternal nutrients that go across to the fetus, the PPARs play an important regulatory role in placenta metabolism, thereby adapting to the maternal nutritional status. As demonstrated in animal studies, maternal nutrition during gestation can exert long-term influences on the PPAR methylation pattern in offspring organs. This review underlines the current state of knowledge on the relationship between environmental factors and the epigenetic regulation of the PPARs in placenta metabolism and offspring development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Lendvai
- Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel J Deutsch
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Experimental Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, and Neonatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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Grieger JA, Clifton VL, Tuck AR, Wooldridge AL, Robertson SA, Gatford KL. In utero Programming of Allergic Susceptibility. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 169:80-92. [PMID: 27044002 DOI: 10.1159/000443961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around 30-40% of the world's population will experience allergy, the most common and earliest-onset noncommunicable disease. With a steady rise in the incidence of allergic disease over recent decades, up to 18% of children will suffer a respiratory, food or skin allergy before their 18th birthday. There is compelling evidence that the risk of developing allergy is influenced by early life events and particularly in utero exposures. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was undertaken which outlines prenatal risk factors and potential mechanisms underlying the development of allergy in childhood. RESULTS Exposures including maternal cigarette smoking, preterm birth and Caesarean delivery are implicated in predisposing infants to the later development of allergy. In contrast, restricted growth in utero, a healthy maternal diet and a larger family size are protective, but the mechanisms here are unclear and require further investigation. CONCLUSION To ameliorate the allergy pandemic in young children, we must define prenatal mechanisms that alter the programming of the fetal immune system and also identify specific targets for antenatal interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Grieger
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, University ofAdelaide, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
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Expression of epigenetic machinery genes is sensitive to maternal obesity and weight loss in relation to fetal growth in mice. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:22. [PMID: 26925174 PMCID: PMC4769534 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity impacts fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes. To counteract the deleterious effects of obesity on fertility and pregnancy issue, preconceptional weight loss is recommended to obese women. Whether this weight loss is beneficial/detrimental for offspring remains poorly explored. Epigenetic mechanisms could be affected by maternal weight changes, perturbing expression of key developmental genes in the placenta or fetus. Our aim was to investigate the effects of chronic maternal obesity on feto-placental growth along with the underlying epigenetic mechanisms. We also tested whether preconceptional weight loss could alleviate these effects. RESULTS Female mice were fed either a control diet (CTRL group), a high-fat diet (obese (OB) group), or a high-fat diet switched to a control diet 2 months before conception (weight loss (WL) group). At mating, OB females presented an obese phenotype while WL females normalized metabolic parameters. At embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5), fetuses from OB females presented fetal growth restriction (FGR; -13 %) and 28 % of the fetuses were small for gestational age (SGA). Fetuses from WL females normalized this phenotype. The expression of 60 epigenetic machinery genes and 32 metabolic genes was measured in the fetal liver, placental labyrinth, and junctional zone. We revealed 23 genes altered by maternal weight trajectories in at least one of three tissues. The fetal liver and placental labyrinth were more responsive to maternal obesity than junctional zone. One third (18/60) of the epigenetic machinery genes were differentially expressed between at least two maternal groups. Interestingly, genes involved in the histone acetylation pathway were particularly altered (13/18). In OB group, lysine acetyltransferases and Bromodomain-containing protein 2 were upregulated, while most histone deacetylases were downregulated. In WL group, the expression of only a subset of these genes was normalized. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the high sensitivity of the epigenetic machinery gene expression, and particularly the histone acetylation pathway, to maternal obesity. These obesity-induced transcriptional changes could alter the placental and the hepatic epigenome, leading to FGR. Preconceptional weight loss appears beneficial to fetal growth, but some effects of previous obesity were retained in offspring phenotype.
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Developmental Origins of Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension and Systemic Vascular Dysfunction: Evidence from Humans. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 903:17-28. [PMID: 27343086 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown an association between pathologic events occurring during fetal/perinatal life and the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in adulthood. These observations have led to the so-called developmental origin of adult disease hypothesis. More recently, evidence has been provided that the pulmonary circulation is also an important target for the developmental programming of adult disease in both experimental animal models and in humans. Here we will review this evidence and provide insight into mechanisms that may play a pathogenic role.
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Nüsken E, Gellhaus A, Kühnel E, Swoboda I, Wohlfarth M, Vohlen C, Schneider H, Dötsch J, Nüsken KD. Increased Rat Placental Fatty Acid, but Decreased Amino Acid and Glucose Transporters Potentially Modify Intrauterine Programming. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1594-603. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Nüsken
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kühnel
- Institute of Molecular Biology; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; University Hospital Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Isabelle Swoboda
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Maria Wohlfarth
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Christina Vohlen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - Kai-Dietrich Nüsken
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
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49
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Pantham P, Rosario FJ, Nijland M, Cheung A, Nathanielsz PW, Powell TL, Galan HL, Li C, Jansson T. Reduced placental amino acid transport in response to maternal nutrient restriction in the baboon. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 309:R740-6. [PMID: 26246504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00161.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction increases the risk of perinatal complications and predisposes the infant to diabetes and cardiovascular disease in later life. Mechanisms by which maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) reduces fetal growth are poorly understood. We hypothesized that MNR decreases placental amino acid (AA) transporter activity, leading to reduced transplacental transfer of AAs. Pregnant baboons were fed either a control (ad libitum, n = 7), or MNR diet (70% of control diet, n = 7) from gestational day (GD) 30. At GD 165 (0.9 gestation), placentas (n = 7 in each group) were collected, and microvillous plasma membrane vesicles (MVM) isolated. MVM system A and system L AA transport was determined in vitro using radiolabeled substrates and rapid filtration techniques. In vivo transplacental AA transport was assessed by infusing nine (13)C- or (2)H-labeled essential AA as a bolus into the maternal circulation (n = 5 control, n = 4 MNR) at cesarean section. A fetal vein-to-maternal artery mole percent excess ratio for each essential AA was calculated. Fetal and placental weights were significantly reduced in the MNR group compared with controls (P < 0.01). The activity of system A and system L was markedly reduced by 73 and 84%, respectively, in MVM isolated from baboon placentas at GD 165 following MNR (P < 0.01). In vivo, the fetal vein-to-maternal artery mole percent excess ratio was significantly reduced for leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and tryptophan in MNR baboons (P < 0.05). This is the first study to investigate placental AA transport in a nonhuman primate model of MNR. We demonstrate that the downregulation of system A and system L activity in syncytiotrophoblast MVM in MNR leads to decreased transplacental AA transport and, consequently, reduced circulating fetal AA concentrations, a potential mechanism linking maternal undernutrition to reduced fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Pantham
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Fredrick J Rosario
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark Nijland
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Alex Cheung
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Henry L Galan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cun Li
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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50
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Kitamura A, Miyauchi N, Hamada H, Hiura H, Chiba H, Okae H, Sato A, John RM, Arima T. Epigenetic alterations in sperm associated with male infertility. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2015. [PMID: 26212350 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The most common form of male infertility is a low sperm count, known as oligozoospermia. Studies suggest that oligozoospermia is associated with epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic alterations in sperm, which may arise due to the exposure of gametes to environmental factors or those that pre-exist in the sperm of infertile individuals, may contribute to the increased incidence of normally rare imprinting disorders in babies conceived after assisted reproductive technology using the sperm of infertile men. Genomic imprinting is an important developmental process whereby the allelic activity of certain genes is regulated by DNA methylation established during gametogenesis. The aberrant expression of several imprinted genes has been linked to various diseases, malignant tumors, lifestyle and mental disorders in humans. Understanding how infertility and environmental factors such as reproductive toxicants, certain foods, and drug exposures during gametogenesis contribute to the origins of these disorders via defects in sperm is of paramount importance. In this review, we discuss the association of epigenetic alterations with abnormal spermatogenesis and the evidence that epigenetic processes, including those required for genomic imprinting, may be sensitive to environmental exposures during gametogenesis, fertilization and early embryonic development. In addition, we review imprinting diseases and their relationships with environmental factors. While the plasticity of epigenetic marks may make these more susceptible to modification by the environment, this also suggests that aberrant epigenetic marks may be reversible. A greater understanding of this process and the function of epidrugs may lead to the development of new treatment methods for many adult diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kitamura
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyauchi
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Hamada
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hiura
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hatsune Chiba
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okae
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Sato
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Arima
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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