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Toimela J, Halt A, Kerkelä M, Kampman O, Suvisaari J, Kieseppä T, Lähteenvuo M, Tiihonen J, Ahola-Olli A, Veijola J, Holm M. Association of obesity to reaction time and visual memory in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res Cogn 2024; 37:100316. [PMID: 38764744 PMCID: PMC11101897 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2024.100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Both overweight and cognitive deficits are common among people with schizophrenia (SZ) and schizoaffective disorder. The results in earlier studies have been inconsistent on whether overweight is associated with cognitive deficits in psychotic disorders. Aims Our aim in this study was to detect possible associations between obesity and cognitive deficits among study participants with SZ and schizoaffective disorder. Methods The study sample included 5382 participants with a clinical diagnosis of SZ or schizoaffective disorder selected from the Finnish SUPER study. Obesity was measured both with body-mass index and waist circumference. The cognitive performance was evaluated with two tests from the Cambridge automated neuropsychological test battery: Reaction time was evaluated with the 5-choice serial reaction time task. Visual memory was evaluated with the paired associative learning test. The final analysis included a total sample of 4498 participants applicable for the analysis of the reaction time and 3967 participants for the analysis of the visual memory. Results Obesity measured with body-mass index was associated with better performance in reaction time task among both female and male participants. Among male participants, overweight was associated with better performance in the visual memory test. The waist circumference was not associated with cognitive measures. Conclusions The results suggest that obesity in people with SZ or schizoaffective disorder might not be associated with cognitive deficits but instead with better cognitive performance. The results were opposite from earlier literature on the general population. More research is required to better understand whether the results might be partly caused by the differences in the etiology of obesity between the general population and people with SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.S. Toimela
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - A.H. Halt
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M. Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - O. Kampman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
- University of Turku, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine (Psychiatry), Turku, Finland
- The Wellbeing Services Country of Ostrobothnia, Department of Psychiatry, Vaasa, Finland
- The Pirkanmaa Wellbeing Services Country, Department of Psychiatry, Tampere, Finland
| | - J. Suvisaari
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - T. Kieseppä
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Psychiatry, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Lähteenvuo
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland
| | - J. Tiihonen
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm City Council, SE-11364 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Ahola-Olli
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Satasairaala Hospital, Pori, Finland
| | - J. Veijola
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M. Holm
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - The SUPER researchers listed in the Acknowledgements
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Psychiatry, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm City Council, SE-11364 Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Satasairaala Hospital, Pori, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
- University of Turku, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine (Psychiatry), Turku, Finland
- The Wellbeing Services Country of Ostrobothnia, Department of Psychiatry, Vaasa, Finland
- The Pirkanmaa Wellbeing Services Country, Department of Psychiatry, Tampere, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Choudhary N, Gopal K, Naqvi W, Kandakurti PK, Hazari A. Relationship between the level of physical activity and body mass index to blood pressure among overweight and obese young adults in the Northern Emirates city: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304360. [PMID: 38900755 PMCID: PMC11189183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity affects both adults and children all over the world and it is a major causative factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, different types of cancer, and even death. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of PA and BMI to the risk of developing high BP among overweight and obese young adults. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Thumbay Medi-city Northern Emirates, Ajman, UAE. Participants enrolled in the study under the convenient sampling method and inclusion criteria: young overweight and obese individuals, male and female, aged between 18 to 30 years. Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (CoHS, GMU (IRB-COHS-STD-110-JUNE-2023). The blood pressure and body mass index were clinically measured using standard tools whereas the GPAQ questionnaire was used to determine the level of physical activity of all participants. RESULTS Out of 206 participants, 139 were overweight and 67 were obese. Further, 89 were found to have high normal BP, 93 normal BP, and 24 were found to have optimal blood pressure. The mean GPA scores were 322.8±62.28 in overweight individuals and 301.17±49.05 in obese individuals. Furthermore, among overweight and obese participants there is a weak correlation between PA & BMI (r = 0.06, p = 0.88) and (r = 0.15, p = 0.44) and the BP and BMI (r = 0.18, p = 1.02) and (r = 0.16, p = 0.90) were found. CONCLUSION Although PA, BMI, and BP are assumed to be related variables leading to various non-communicable diseases the present study showed a weak correlation between the level of PA and BMI to the risk of developing BP among overweight and obese young adults in the Northern Emirates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Choudhary
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Kumaraguruparan Gopal
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Waqar Naqvi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | | | - Animesh Hazari
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
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Xu J, Ma C, Hirschey R, Liu J, Neidre DB, Nielsen ME, Keyserling TC, Tan X, Song L. Associations of role, area deprivation index, and race with health behaviors and body mass index among localized prostate cancer patients and their partners. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01625-z. [PMID: 38888710 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01625-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations of role (localized prostate cancer (PCa) patient vs. their intimate partner), area deprivation index (ADI-higher scores indicating higher neighborhood deprivation levels), and race (Black/African American (AA) vs. White) with health behaviors and body mass index (BMI) among PCa patients and partners. The behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, diet quality, sedentary behaviors, and physical activity (PA). METHODS This study used the baseline data collected in a clinical trial. Given the nested structure of the dyadic data, multi-level models were used. RESULTS Significant role-race interaction effects on smoking, ADI-race effects on alcohol consumption, and role-ADI effects on BMI were found. Meanwhile, patients smoked more cigarettes, decreased alcohol consumption, had less healthful diets, spent longer time watching TV, did fewer sedentary hobbies, had more confidence in PA, and had higher BMIs than their partners. High ADI was independently associated with lower odds of drinking alcohol, using computer/Internet, and doing non-walking PA, and higher BMI compared to low ADI controlling for role and race. Black/AA dyads had less smoking amount and alcohol consumption and higher sedentary time and BMI than White dyads when adjusted for role and ADI. CONCLUSIONS This study identified significant interaction and main effects of role, ADI, or race on health behaviors and BMI. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Future behavioral interventions should address divergent individual needs between patients and partners, social and neighborhood barriers, and cultural indicators of racial groups to promote healthful behaviors and improve the quality of survivorship for PCa patients and partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingle Xu
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chunxuan Ma
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Hirschey
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daria B Neidre
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Matthew E Nielsen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas C Keyserling
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xianming Tan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lixin Song
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Du M, Zhang Y, Gao X, Xing X, Zhang M, Leng M, Wang X, Zhang S, Li C. Interleukin-27 is positively correlated with obesity and a decrease in insulin resistance after weight loss. Obes Res Clin Pract 2024:S1871-403X(24)00055-3. [PMID: 38796383 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-27 (IL-27), a potential mediator linking obesity to inflammatory diseases, is considered an important candidate for regulating obesity. The present study evaluated the relationship of IL-27 with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) and further investigated the changes in IL-27 levels after weight loss. METHODS The study analyzed 405 participants, of whom 62 with overweight or obesity completed one year of lifestyle intervention. The body compositions, including percent of body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio (VSR), were assessed using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. Serum IL-27 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS IL-27 levels increased significantly with the increase in body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001). Moreover, IL-27 levels were positively correlated with PBF, VFA, and VSR. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the inverse of hepatic insulin sensitivity (1/HISI), adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo-IR), and homeostasis model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD) increased significantly with each quartile of IL-27 levels (all P < 0.001). IL-27 levels significantly decreased after weight loss (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IL-27 was positively correlated with obesity, HOMA-IR, 1/HISI, Adipo-IR, and HOMA-AD. IL-27 levels significantly decreased after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Du
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanju Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinying Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | - Xincheng Wang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shi Zhang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Health Management Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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5
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Bin-Abbas B, Al Sagheir A, Taher L, Elbadawi H, Al Fares A, Al Harbi M, Refaat M, Ashmawy A. ACTION Teens Saudi Arabia: Perceptions, attitudes, motivators, and barriers among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia. Clin Obes 2024:e12674. [PMID: 38740496 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is predicted to affect approximately one-quarter of children/adolescents in Saudi Arabia by 2030, but there is limited evidence regarding the perceptions, attitudes, behaviours, and barriers to effective obesity care for adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), caregivers of ALwO, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). We report data from 500 ALwO (aged 12-<18 years), 500 caregivers, and 200 HCPs surveyed in Saudi Arabia as part of the global, cross-sectional ACTION Teens study (NCT05013359). Nearly all respondents recognized that obesity has a strong impact on overall health (ALwO 88%; caregivers 85%; HCPs 90%). Most ALwO and caregivers were aware of the ALwO's obesity status (95% and 99%, respectively) and worried about weight impacting the ALwO's future health (both ≥99%), and social media was their most commonly used source of weight-management information (60% and 53%, respectively). Among ALwO and caregivers who had discussed weight with an HCP in the past year, most experienced ≥1 negative feeling following their most recent discussion (61% and 59%, respectively). Although 81% of HCPs felt motivated to help their ALwO patients lose weight, 57% believed weight loss was completely the ALwO's responsibility (compared with only 37% of ALwO and 35% of caregivers). This may reflect the finding that only 24% of HCPs had received advanced training in obesity/weight management after medical school. Overall, while respondents had similar perceptions of the impact of obesity, we found HCPs' attitudes towards weight loss were not aligned with those of ALwO and caregivers, suggesting a need for improved communication and obesity education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Bin-Abbas
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Al Sagheir
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Taher
- Department of Psychiatry, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulah Al Fares
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrine Unit, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Harbi
- Therapeutic Services Deputyship, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Refaat
- Clinical and Medical Department, Novo Nordisk, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ashmawy
- Clinical and Medical Department, Novo Nordisk, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Donovan CM, McNulty B. Living with obesity in Ireland: determinants, policy and future perspectives. Proc Nutr Soc 2024; 83:82-94. [PMID: 38047397 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123004780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence of those living with obesity (≥30 kg/m2) is rising, with this trend expected to continue if firm and decisive policy interventions are not introduced. Across Europe, despite many consecutive policies aiming to reverse rising trends in weight status over recent decades, no country is currently on track to halt and reverse current trends in the coming years. This is evident in Ireland too, whereby the reporting of nationally representative weight status data show that targets have not been achieved since reporting began. The aim of this review is to critically appraise recent evidence relating to the key determinants of obesity including weight status, diet quality and physical activity with an emphasis on socioeconomic inequalities. And to consider these in the context of respective policy measures and propose future-focused recommendations. Furthermore, as with the complex nature of obesity, multifaceted approaches that shift the focus from the individual and place responsibility at a societal level will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Donovan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B McNulty
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Silvestrini B, Silvestrini M. Physiopathology and Treatment of Obesity and Overweight: A Proposal for a New Anorectic. J Obes 2024; 2024:9587300. [PMID: 38566891 PMCID: PMC10987245 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9587300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The "new epidemic," as WHO calls obesity, is caused by overeating, which, having exceeded the body's actual needs, accumulates in the form of health-damaging fat deposits. Moving more and eating less is the main remedy, but eating belongs to vital instincts, which are beyond the control of reason. In this sense, eating is different from drinking and breathing because without food it is possible to survive for a few weeks, without water for a few days, without oxygen for a few minutes. The first part of this article provides an overview of obesity and its treatment, focusing on the new anorectic anticipated in the title. The second part focuses on compulsive obesity, typically represented by constitutional obesity and food addiction. The article concludes with a discussion of the pharmacological treatment of compulsive diseases, to which some forms of obesity belong.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Silvestrini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Vilariño-García T, Polonio-González ML, Pérez-Pérez A, Ribalta J, Arrieta F, Aguilar M, Obaya JC, Gimeno-Orna JA, Iglesias P, Navarro J, Durán S, Pedro-Botet J, Sánchez-Margalet V. Role of Leptin in Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2338. [PMID: 38397015 PMCID: PMC10888594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, estimated to affect 1 in every 11 adults; among them, 90-95% of cases are type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is partly attributed to the surge in the prevalence of obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions since 2008. In these patients, cardiovascular (CV) risk stands as the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, placing a substantial burden on healthcare systems due to the potential for macrovascular and microvascular complications. In this context, leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, plays a fundamental role. This hormone is essential for regulating the cellular metabolism and energy balance, controlling inflammatory responses, and maintaining CV system homeostasis. Thus, leptin resistance not only contributes to weight gain but may also lead to increased cardiac inflammation, greater fibrosis, hypertension, and impairment of the cardiac metabolism. Understanding the relationship between leptin resistance and CV risk in obese individuals with type 2 DM (T2DM) could improve the management and prevention of this complication. Therefore, in this narrative review, we will discuss the evidence linking leptin with the presence, severity, and/or prognosis of obesity and T2DM regarding CV disease, aiming to shed light on the potential implications for better management and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain;
| | - María L. Polonio-González
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009, Spain; (M.L.P.-G.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009, Spain; (M.L.P.-G.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Josep Ribalta
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, University Rovira i Vigili, IISPV, CIBERDEM, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Francisco Arrieta
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel Aguilar
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Provincia de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz University (UCA), 11001 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - Juan C. Obaya
- Chopera Helath Center, Alcobendas Primary Care,Alcobendas 28100 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José A. Gimeno-Orna
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa, 15 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Pedro Iglesias
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Navarro
- Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia,46011 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Santiago Durán
- Endodiabesidad Clínica Durán & Asociados,41018 Seville, Spain;
| | - Juan Pedro-Botet
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Risk Unit, Hospital del Mar, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009, Spain; (M.L.P.-G.); (A.P.-P.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Virgen Macarena, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Brown SA, Wensel TM, Smith W. Pharmacist-led biometric screenings: A retrospective chart review in a community pharmacy. Res Social Adm Pharm 2024; 20:145-148. [PMID: 37935608 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biometric screenings have gained popularity in employer-based wellness programs and are increasingly offered at community pharmacies. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze biometric screening data collected at a community pharmacy in North Alabama to examine the prevalence of risk factors and the role of pharmacist-led screenings in identifying at-risk individuals and facilitating referrals to primary care providers. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted using biometric screening data collected between 2020 and 2021. Descriptive statistics were calculated to analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 801 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 45.4 years, and 56.2 % were female. The mean systolic blood pressure was 132 mmHg, and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 84 mmHg. Mean total cholesterol was 174 mg/dL, and the mean blood glucose was 109 mg/dL. Mean BMI was 35.1 kg/m2. Among the screened patients, 22.5 % were referred to a primary care provider due to an elevated level of at least one of the measured variables, with BMI being the most common reason for referral. CONCLUSION This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence of risk factors in a population undergoing pharmacist-led biometric screenings in a community pharmacy. The findings emphasize the important role of pharmacists in identifying at-risk individuals and facilitating appropriate referrals to primary care. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of these referrals and explore the feasibility of similar programs in diverse healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Brown
- Samford University, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA.
| | - Terri M Wensel
- Samford University, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA.
| | - Wyatt Smith
- Samford University, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA.
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Pellegrino G, Triggiani S, Desiderio E, Carrafiello G. Obesity in medical imaging: pitfalls and challenges. Minerva Med 2024; 115:1-3. [PMID: 38126795 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.23.09074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pellegrino
- Postgraduate School of Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy -
| | - Sonia Triggiani
- Postgraduate School of Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Desiderio
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Carrafiello
- Unit of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Maggiore Polyclinic Hospital, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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11
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Omondi H, Freysteinson W. Understanding Obesity in African American Women Using Leininger's Theory. Nurs Sci Q 2024; 37:71-75. [PMID: 38054314 DOI: 10.1177/08943184231207383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, African American (AA) women suffer from higher rates of obesity as compared with Caucasians or Asians. Unfortunately, most weight management interventions have been unsuccessful in maintaining weight loss. Prior research has revealed that AA women face unique barriers in managing obesity; therefore, more research is warranted to address this problem. Leininger's theory is used to understand obesity through a cultural lens. The constructs of the sunrise model are defined as a means to intervene when providing nursing care through cultural preservation, accommodation, and repatterning. We conclude that culture care theory offers a theoretical framework to assist nurses in providing culturally sensitive care to Black women with obesity. Nurses caring for this population can utilize this theory to tailor interventions specific to the cultural needs of women to improve outcomes in the management of obesity. In this article, we use AA and Black interchangeably to represent Americans whose ancestors originate from Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Omondi
- College of Nursing, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX, USA
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Hankosky ER, Wang H, Neff LM, Kan H, Wang F, Ahmad NN, Griffin R, Stefanski A, Garvey WT. Tirzepatide reduces the predicted risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and improves cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with obesity or overweight: SURMOUNT-1 post hoc analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:319-328. [PMID: 37932236 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of tirzepatide on long-term risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among people with obesity or overweight without diabetes from SURMOUNT-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS SURMOUNT-1, a phase 3 trial, evaluated the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in adults with body mass index ≥30 or ≥27 kg/m2 and at least one weight-related complication, excluding diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to tirzepatide (5/10/15 mg) or placebo. Changes from baseline in cardiometabolic variables were assessed. The predicted 10-year ASCVD risk scores were calculated (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk engine) at baseline, week 24, and week 72 in SURMOUNT-1 participants without a history of ASCVD. Percent change in risk scores from baseline to weeks 24 and 72 was compared between tirzepatide and placebo using mixed model for repeated measures analysis. Analyses were also conducted in participants with intermediate to high risk at baseline. RESULTS Tirzepatide-treated groups demonstrated reductions in cardiometabolic variables over 72 weeks. In participants without a history of ASCVD (N = 2461), the baseline median risk score was low and did not differ across groups (1.5%-1.6%). Relative change in risk from baseline to week 72 was greater for tirzepatide (-23.5% to -16.4%) than placebo (12.7%; P < 0.001). Relative change among participants with intermediate-to-high baseline risk was significantly greater for tirzepatide (P < 0.05). Intermediate-to-high-risk participants demonstrated similar relative change but greater absolute risk reduction compared to the overall population. CONCLUSION Tirzepatide treatment significantly reduced the 10-year predicted risk of ASCVD versus placebo in patients with obesity or overweight without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Wang
- TechData Services Company, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lisa M Neff
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hong Kan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Ryan Griffin
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Hua Y, Xie D, Zhang Y, Wang M, Wen W, Sun J. Identification and analysis of key genes in adipose tissue for human obesity based on bioinformatics. Gene 2023; 888:147755. [PMID: 37659596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a complex condition that is affected by a variety of factors, including the environment, behavior, and genetics. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying obesity remains poorly elucidated. Therefore, our study aimed at identifying key genes for human obesity using bioinformatics analysis. METHODS The microarray datasets of adipose tissue in humans were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After the selection of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we used Lasso regression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to further identify the feature genes. Moreover, immune cell infiltration analysis, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), GeneCards database and transcriptional regulation analysis were conducted to study the potential mechanisms by which the feature genes may impact obesity. We utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to analysis the diagnostic efficacy of feature genes. Finally, we verified the feature genes in cell experiments and animal experiments. The statistical analyses in validation experiments were conducted using SPSS version 28.0, and the graph were generated using GraphPad Prism 9.0 software. The bioinformatics analyses were conducted using R language (version 4.2.2), with a significance threshold of p < 0.05 used. RESULTS 199 DEGs were selected using Limma package, and subsequently, 5 feature genes (EGR2, NPY1R, GREM1, BMP3 and COL8A1) were selected through Lasso regression and SVM algorithm. Through various bioinformatics analyses, we found some signaling pathways by which feature genes influence obesity and also revealed the crucial role of these genes in the immune microenvironment, as well as their strong correlations with obesity-related genes. Additionally, ROC curve showed that all the feature genes had good predictive and diagnostic efficiency in obesity. Finally, after validation through in vitro experiments, EGR2, NPY1R and GREM1 were identified as the key genes. CONCLUSIONS This study identified EGR2, GREM1 and NPY1R as the potential key genes and potential diagnostic biomarkers for obesity in humans. Moreover, EGR2 was discovered as a key gene for obesity in human adipose tissue for the first time, which may provide novel targets for diagnosing and treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Hua
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.1023, South Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Danyingzhu Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, China
| | - Yugang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, China.
| | - Weiheng Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, China.
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510282, China.
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Pellegrini CA, Burkhart L, Ramey K, LaVela SL. Measuring Overweight and Obesity in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury: What Do Health Providers Use and What are the Challenges? Mil Med 2023:usad468. [PMID: 38029316 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a significant health concern for veterans and individuals with spinal cord injury, yet screening for overweight/obesity can be challenging. This study examines how healthcare providers screen for overweight/obesity and the challenges encountered in identifying overweight/obesity in veterans and persons with spinal cord injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthcare providers who provide care for persons with spinal cord injury completed a semi-structured interview. The interview explored their perspectives on measuring overweight/obesity in persons with spinal cord injury and the challenges they faced. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the interviews. RESULTS Twenty-five providers (88% female with an average experience of 9.6 ± 7.3 years in providing care for spinal cord injury patients) participated in the interviews. The themes described the health indicators and equipment used to assess overweight/obesity, provider concerns regarding measurement, and criteria for classifying overweight/obesity. Body weight and body mass index were the most commonly used indicators. However, concerns were raised regarding accuracy of these measures for spinal cord injury patients, as well as issues related to the accessibility, calibration, and usability of the equipment. Many providers reported using standard body mass index ranges and categories instead of those specific to spinal cord injury. CONCLUSION This study identified the most commonly used indicators of weight or body composition in veterans and persons with spinal cord injury and highlighted providers' concerns with these measures. Future research is needed to identify the most feasible, accurate, and appropriate health indicators that could be used in a clinical setting to identify overweight and obesity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Pellegrini
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Lisa Burkhart
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL 60141, USA
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ramey
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Sherri L LaVela
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare (CINCCH), Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL 60141, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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15
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da Silva LE, de Oliveira MP, da Silva MR, Abel JDS, Tartari G, de Aguiar da Costa M, Ludvig Gonçalves C, Rezin GT. L-carnitine and Acetyl-L Carnitine: A Possibility for Treating Alterations Induced by Obesity in the Central Nervous System. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3316-3326. [PMID: 37495838 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of nutrients, as well as obesity, leads to an inflammatory process, especially in adipose tissue. This inflammation reaches the systemic level and, subsequently, the central nervous system (CNS), which can lead to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in brain damage. Thus, adequate treatment for obesity is necessary, including lifestyle changes (diet adequation and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy. However, these drugs can adversely affect the individual's health. In this sense, searching for new therapeutic alternatives for reestablishing metabolic homeostasis is necessary. L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC) have neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in several conditions, including obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a narrative review of the literature on the effect of LC and LAC on brain damage caused by obesity, in particular, on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Overall, these findings highlight that LC and LAC may be a promising treatment for recovering REDOX status and mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS in obesity. Future work should focus on better elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jéssica da Silva Abel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gisele Tartari
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maiara de Aguiar da Costa
- Laboratory of Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme South Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme South Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Yaskolka Meir A, Yun H, Stampfer MJ, Liang L, Hu FB. Nutrition, DNA methylation and obesity across life stages and generations. Epigenomics 2023; 15:991-1015. [PMID: 37933548 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex multifactorial condition that often manifests in early life with a lifelong burden on metabolic health. Diet, including pre-pregnancy maternal diet, in utero nutrition and dietary patterns in early and late life, can shape obesity development. Growing evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, might mediate or accompany these effects across life stages and generations. By reviewing human observational and intervention studies conducted over the past 10 years, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence linking nutrition to DNA methylation and its association with obesity across different age periods, spanning from preconception to adulthood and identify future research directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huan Yun
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Pruccoli J, Mack I, Klos B, Schild S, Stengel A, Zipfel S, Giel KE, Schag K. Mental Health Variables Impact Weight Loss, Especially in Patients with Obesity and Binge Eating: A Mediation Model on the Role of Eating Disorder Pathology. Nutrients 2023; 15:3915. [PMID: 37764699 PMCID: PMC10537364 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various mental health and eating behavior variables have been independently associated with predicting weight loss in individuals with obesity. This study aims to investigate a mediation model that assesses the distinct contributions of these variables in predicting weight changes in patients with obesity following an outpatient behavioral weight loss intervention (BWLI). METHODS General mental health (depression, anxiety, stress, impulsivity), eating behavior (cognitive restraint, disinhibition, hunger), eating disorder pathology, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed in a group of 297 patients with obesity at the admission of a BWLI program. BMI was re-evaluated during the final treatment session. A mediation model was employed to examine whether mental health and eating behavior variables predicted BMI changes, with eating disorder pathology serving as a mediator. The model was tested both overall and within two patient subgroups: those with regular binge eating (≥four episodes/month) and those without. RESULTS In the overall sample (n = 238), the relationships between depression, impulsivity, and cognitive restraint with BMI change were mediated by eating disorder pathology. In the subgroup with regular binge eating (n = 99, 41.6%), the associations between stress and disinhibition with BMI change were additionally mediated by eating disorder pathology. In the subgroup without regular binge eating, eating disorder pathology showed no mediating effect. DISCUSSION Multiple mental health and eating behavior variables assessed at admission predicted BMI changes, particularly when mediated by eating disorder pathology in patients with regular binge eating. A comprehensive psychopathological assessment prior to starting BWLI may help identify multiple factors affecting prognosis and treatment outcomes. Long-term follow-up studies in this field are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Pruccoli
- Pediatric Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Regional Center for Feeding and Eating Disorders in the Developmental Age, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bea Klos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Schild
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität at Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.); (S.Z.); (K.E.G.); (K.S.)
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tübingen (KOMET), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Gonzalez-Becerra K, Barron-Cabrera E, Muñoz-Valle JF, Torres-Castillo N, Rivera-Valdes JJ, Rodriguez-Echevarria R, Martinez-Lopez E. A Balanced Dietary Ratio of n-6:n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Exerts an Effect on Total Fatty Acid Profile in RBCs and Inflammatory Markers in Subjects with Obesity. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2333. [PMID: 37628530 PMCID: PMC10454033 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce inflammatory markers and may therefore be useful in obesity management. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on total fatty acid profile in red blood cells (RBCs), as well as biochemical and inflammatory markers, in subjects with obesity. The study consisted in a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial involving 41 subjects with obesity during a 4-month follow-up. Individuals were randomly assigned to two groups: n-3 PUFA supplementation (1.5 g fish oil) and placebo (1.5 g sunflower oil). Anthropometric, biochemical, dietetic, cytokine and total fatty acid profiles in RBCs were measured. Both groups increased their PUFA intake and DHA incorporation in RBCs. However, the placebo group showed a reduction in serum IL-8 and MCP-1 at the end of the study. A multiple linear regression model adjusted by body fat mass and sex showed that an increase in DHA in RBCs decreased the serum IL-8 levels in both study groups at the end of the study. Our results highlight the role of dietary DHA and n-3 supplementation usefulness in exerting beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Elisa Barron-Cabrera
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma Sinaloa, Av Cedros y Calle Sauces S/N, Culiacán 80010, Sinaloa, Mexico;
| | - Jose F. Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Juan J. Rivera-Valdes
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Echevarria
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
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Ortiz Gómez JE, Toledo Barranco M, Medina Aguirre W, Guzmán Barba JA, Esparza Estrada I, Ruiz Cota P, Orozco Álvarez Malo JO. Management of gastropleural leak by video-assisted thoracoscopy after sleeve gastrectomy. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad479. [PMID: 37621955 PMCID: PMC10447076 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue with various comorbidities. Sleeve gastrectomy has become a popular treatment for obesity, but it carries the risk of complications, particularly staple line leakage. This case study focused on a 32-year-old woman with grade II obesity and hiatal hernia who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Four days after surgery, she presented with abdominal pain, revealing leakage from the gastric sleeve into the thoracic cavity. Diagnostic procedures and interventions were performed, including cavity lavage, drainage placement, and stent placement. The patient showed clinical improvement after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and a multidisciplinary approach involving nutrition support and antibiotics. Despite the challenges, the patient's clinical course improved, leading to discharge with no evidence of leakage on follow-up endoscopy. Careful monitoring and timely interventions are essential to manage complications in sleeve gastrectomy procedures and ensure optimal patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Elías Ortiz Gómez
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
- Colegio de Cirujanos Bariatras y Enfermedades Metabólicas del Estado de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California 2050, Mexico
| | - Mario Toledo Barranco
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
| | - Willberto Medina Aguirre
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
| | - José Aldo Guzmán Barba
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
| | - Isaac Esparza Estrada
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
| | - Patricia Ruiz Cota
- Elias Ortiz & Company Mexico Weight Loss Specialists, Bariatric Surgery Department, Ernesto Sarmiento 2308, Tijuana, Baja California 22046, Mexico
| | - José Oscar Orozco Álvarez Malo
- Colegio de Cirujanos Bariatras y Enfermedades Metabólicas del Estado de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California 2050, Mexico
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Hamamah S, Amin A, Al-Kassir AL, Chuang J, Covasa M. Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37571301 PMCID: PMC10421457 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which gut microbiota can influence these satiation signals both locally in the gastrointestinal tract and via microbiota-gut-brain communication. Then, we describe the effects of dietary interventions and associated changes in gut microbiota on satiety signals through microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Lastly, we present microbiota optimizing therapies including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and weight loss surgery that can help restore beneficial gut microbiota by enhancing satiety signals to reduce hyperphagia and subsequent obesity. Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fats induce taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota and their impact on satiation signaling pathways will help develop more targeted therapeutic interventions in delaying the onset of obesity and in furthering its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Arman Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Abdul Latif Al-Kassir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Judith Chuang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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21
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Mirhashemi SH, Omidvari S, Hakakzadeh A, Jaberi N, Samadi Y. Acute post sleeve surgery bleeding as rare cause of acute renal failure: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:281. [PMID: 37403186 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgeries have been considered as one of the most important treatment procedures in recent years. Being aware of the side effects of this surgery will lead to better results after the surgery. CASE PRESENTATION A 37-year-old Iranian male patient presented one day after sleeve surgery with symptoms of weakness, lethargy, and shortness of breath, which hospitalization and workup to were done to rule out pulmonary embolism. Because of the high creatinine and anuria, we couldn't perform computed tomography angiography. A bedside ultrasound was done for the patient and showed a mild to moderate amount of fluid around the spleen and some blood clots. Due to the progressive clinical findings and suspected internal bleeding, the patient was a candidate for laparoscopic revision procedure. Gradually, after performing the surgery, removing the blood clot and reducing the compressive effect of that on the inferior verna cava which was the main reason of renal failure, the patient was able to urinate afterwards and was discharged in good general condition. CONCLUSION Surgeons should be aware of the management of rare surgical complications after bariatric surgeries. To be best of our knowledge, this was the first case report of a patient with acute renal failure after bariatric surgery and the rare cause of clot compression on inferior vena cava and raised abdominal compartment pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hadi Mirhashemi
- Department of the General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samareh Omidvari
- Department of the General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hakakzadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Jaberi
- Department of the General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Samadi
- Department of the General Surgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Assery NM, Jurado CA, Assery MK, Afrashtehfar KI. Peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation: A critical update. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:443-450. [PMID: 37520600 PMCID: PMC10373087 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition induced by bacterial biofilm that affects the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants, compromising the success of implant therapy. Recent studies have highlighted the potential links between peri-implant health and systemic inflammation, including uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, psychological stress, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and infectious diseases such as COVID-19. As an inflammatory disease, peri-implantitis may trigger systemic inflammation by elevating circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could have unknown impacts on overall health. While the relationship between periodontal health and systemic conditions is better understood, the association between peri-implant disease and systemic inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, this comprehensive review aims to summarize the most recent evidence on the relationship between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation, focusing on biological complications, microbiology, and biomarkers. This review aims to enhance our understanding of the links between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation and promote further research in this field by discussing the latest insights and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Assery
- Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Carlos A. Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Iowa University, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mansour K. Assery
- College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 13244, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar
- Evidence-Based Practice Unit (EBPU), Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman City, AE, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry & Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Berne, BE, Switzerland
- Division of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, ZH, Switzerland
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), Ajman City, P.O. Box 346, AE, United Arab Emirates
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23
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Pekkarinen L, Kantonen T, Oikonen V, Haaparanta-Solin M, Aarnio R, Dickens AM, von Eyken A, Latva-Rasku A, Dadson P, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, Kalliokoski K, Rönnemaa T, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Lower abdominal adipose tissue cannabinoid type 1 receptor availability in young men with overweight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1844-1858. [PMID: 37368516 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) modulate feeding behavior and energy homeostasis, and the CB1R tone is dysgulated in obesity. This study aimed to investigate CB1R availability in peripheral tissue and brain in young men with overweight versus lean men. METHODS Healthy males with high (HR, n = 16) or low (LR, n = 20) obesity risk were studied with fluoride 18-labeled FMPEP-d2 positron emission tomography to quantify CB1R availability in abdominal adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, muscle, and brain. Obesity risk was assessed by BMI, physical exercise habits, and familial obesity risk, including parental overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. To assess insulin sensitivity, fluoro-[18 F]-deoxy-2-D-glucose positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed. Serum endocannabinoids were analyzed. RESULTS CB1R availability in abdominal adipose tissue was lower in the HR than in the LR group, whereas no difference was found in other tissues. CB1R availability of abdominal adipose tissue and brain correlated positively with insulin sensitivity and negatively with unfavorable lipid profile, BMI, body adiposity, and inflammatory markers. Serum arachidonoyl glycerol concentration was associated with lower CB1R availability of the whole brain, unfavorable lipid profile, and higher serum inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest endocannabinoid dysregulation already in the preobesity state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pekkarinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Kantonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Haaparanta-Solin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Alex M Dickens
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie von Eyken
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Prince Dadson
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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24
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Singh B, Olds T, Brinsley J, Dumuid D, Virgara R, Matricciani L, Watson A, Szeto K, Eglitis E, Miatke A, Simpson CEM, Vandelanotte C, Maher C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of chatbots on lifestyle behaviours. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:118. [PMID: 37353578 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chatbots (also known as conversational agents and virtual assistants) offer the potential to deliver healthcare in an efficient, appealing and personalised manner. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of chatbot interventions designed to improve physical activity, diet and sleep. Electronic databases were searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, and pre-post trials that evaluated chatbot interventions targeting physical activity, diet and/or sleep, published before 1 September 2022. Outcomes were total physical activity, steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep quality and sleep duration. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated to compare intervention effects. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess chatbot type, intervention type, duration, output and use of artificial intelligence. Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment tool. Nineteen trials were included. Sample sizes ranged between 25-958, and mean participant age ranged between 9-71 years. Most interventions (n = 15, 79%) targeted physical activity, and most trials had a low-quality rating (n = 14, 74%). Meta-analysis results showed significant effects (all p < 0.05) of chatbots for increasing total physical activity (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.16, 0.40]), daily steps (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.17, 0.39]), MVPA (SMD = 0.53 [95% CI = 0.24, 0.83]), fruit and vegetable consumption (SMD = 0.59 [95% CI = 0.25, 0.93]), sleep duration (SMD = 0.44 [95% CI = 0.32, 0.55]) and sleep quality (SMD = 0.50 [95% CI = 0.09, 0.90]). Subgroup analyses showed that text-based, and artificial intelligence chatbots were more efficacious than speech/voice chatbots for fruit and vegetable consumption, and multicomponent interventions were more efficacious than chatbot-only interventions for sleep duration and sleep quality (all p < 0.05). Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that chatbot interventions are efficacious for increasing physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep duration and sleep quality. Chatbot interventions were efficacious across a range of populations and age groups, with both short- and longer-term interventions, and chatbot only and multicomponent interventions being efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Singh
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Timothy Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jacinta Brinsley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dot Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rosa Virgara
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa Matricciani
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda Watson
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kimberley Szeto
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emily Eglitis
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Aaron Miatke
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Catherine E M Simpson
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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25
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Solaiman S, Al-Baghdadi OO, Thin Hla T, Abdulmajid Kapadia S, Elbiss HM. Maternal and perinatal outcomes in women conceiving after bariatric surgery: A cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33913. [PMID: 37327305 PMCID: PMC10270505 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in women, a global issue, is being widely managed with bariatric surgery worldwide. According to recommended guidelines, pregnancy should be avoided for 12 to 24 months following surgery due to various risks. We assessed if surgery-to-conception time has a relation with pregnancy outcomes taking into account gestational weight gain. A cohort study between 2015 and 2019 followed-up pregnancies after various types of bariatric surgeries performed (e.g. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass with Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy) in Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. There were 5 surgery-to-conception groups: <6 months, 6 to 12 months, 13 to 18 months, 19 to 24 months, and >24 months. There were 3 gestational weight gain groups: inadequate, adequate, or excessive (based on the National Academy of Medicine classification). Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square tests. There were 158 pregnancies. Booking maternal body mass index and weight were higher among mothers who conceived <6 months following surgery (P < .001). Gestational weight gain was not related to the type of bariatric surgery (P = .24), but it was far more often inadequate in mothers who conceived <12 months following surgery (P = .002). Maternal (including pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus) and neonatal outcomes were not statistically significantly associated with surgery-to-conception duration. However, birth weight was lower when gestational weight gain was inadequate (P = .03). There is a negative relationship between shorter bariatric surgery-to-conception interval and gestational weight gain, a feature related to neonatal birth weight. Conception should be delayed to improve pregnancy outcomes following bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Solaiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Thin Thin Hla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Hassan M. Elbiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Hamamah S, Hajnal A, Covasa M. Reduced Striatal Dopamine Transporter Availability and Heightened Response to Natural and Pharmacological Stimulation in CCK-1R-Deficient Obese Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119773. [PMID: 37298724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in dopamine neurotransmission are associated with obesity and food preferences. Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats that lack functional cholecystokinin receptor type-1 (CCK-1R), due to a natural mutation, exhibit impaired satiation, are hyperphagic, and become obese. In addition, compared to lean control Long-Evans Tokushima (LETO) rats, OLETF rats have pronounced avidity for over-consuming palatable sweet solutions, have greater dopamine release to psychostimulants, reduced dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) binding, and exhibit increased sensitivity to sucrose reward. This supports altered dopamine function in this strain and its general preference for palatable solutions such as sucrose. In this study, we examined the relationship between OLETF's hyperphagic behavior and striatal dopamine signaling by investigating basal and amphetamine stimulated motor activity in prediabetic OLETF rats before and after access to sucrose solution (0.3 M) compared to non-mutant control LETO rats, as well as availability of dopamine transporter (DAT) using autoradiography. In the sucrose tests, one group of OLETF rats received ad libitum access to sucrose while the other group received an amount of sucrose equal to that consumed by the LETO. OLETFs with ad libitum access consumed significantly more sucrose than LETOs. Sucrose exerted a biphasic effect on basal activity in both strains, i.e., reduced activity for 1 week followed by increased activity in weeks 2 and 3. Basal locomotor activity was reduced (-17%) in OLETFs prior to sucrose, compared to LETOs. Withdrawal of sucrose resulted in increased locomotor activity in both strains. The magnitude of this effect was greater in OLETFs and the activity was increased in restricted compared to ad-libitum-access OLETFs. Sucrose access augmented AMPH-responses in both strains with a greater sensitization to AMPH during week 1, an effect that was a function of the amount of sucrose consumed. One week of sucrose withdrawal sensitized AMPH-induced ambulatory activity in both strains. In OLETF with restricted access to sucrose, withdrawal resulted in no further sensitization to AMPH. DAT availability in the nucleus accumbens shell was significantly reduced in OLETF compared with aged-matched LETO. Together, these findings show that OLETF rats have reduced basal DA transmission and a heightened response to natural and pharmacological stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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27
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Zhu Y, Zhou X, Ling N, Yu Q, Wang H, Du Q. The Effect of Guisangyou Tea on Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112171. [PMID: 37297416 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Guisangyou tea (GSY tea) in improving abnormal lipid metabolism in mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that intervention of the water extract of GSY tea (WE) decreased serum levels of lipids, and positively regulated the related antioxidant enzyme activities and the inflammatory factors in the serum and liver. In the liver, the mRNA and protein expression levels of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) related to lipid synthesis were downregulated, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) related to bile acid production were upregulated. The results demonstrate that GSY tea can improve abnormal lipid metabolism in obese mice by improving the body's antioxidant capacity, regulating the inflammatory state, and reducing the synthesis of lipids and increasing the production of bile acids. GSY tea can be processed and utilized as a safe and effective resource for improving abnormal lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- College of Food and Health Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xianghui Zhou
- College of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Nan Ling
- College of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Qiming Yu
- College of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- College of Food and Health Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qizhen Du
- College of Food and Health Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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28
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Kacemi R, Campos MG. Translational Research on Bee Pollen as a Source of Nutrients: A Scoping Review from Bench to Real World. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102413. [PMID: 37242296 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emphasis on healthy nutrition is gaining a forefront place in current biomedical sciences. Nutritional deficiencies and imbalances have been widely demonstrated to be involved in the genesis and development of many world-scale public health burdens, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, bee pollen is emerging as a scientifically validated candidate, which can help diminish conditions through nutritional interventions. This matrix is being extensively studied, and has proven to be a very rich and well-balanced nutrient pool. In this work, we reviewed the available evidence on the interest in bee pollen as a nutrient source. We mainly focused on bee pollen richness in nutrients and its possible roles in the main pathophysiological processes that are directly linked to nutritional imbalances. This scoping review analyzed scientific works published in the last four years, focusing on the clearest inferences and perspectives to translate cumulated experimental and preclinical evidence into clinically relevant insights. The promising uses of bee pollen for malnutrition, digestive health, metabolic disorders, and other bioactivities which could be helpful to readjust homeostasis (as it is also true in the case of anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant needs), as well as the benefits on cardiovascular diseases, were identified. The current knowledge gaps were identified, along with the practical challenges that hinder the establishment and fructification of these uses. A complete data collection made with a major range of botanical species allows more robust clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Kacemi
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria G Campos
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC, FCT Unit 313), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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29
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Azizi N, Zangiabadian M, Seifi G, Davari A, Yekekhani E, Safavi-Naini SAA, Berger NA, Nasiri MJ, Sohrabi MR. Gastric Cancer Risk in Association with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2778. [PMID: 37345115 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the risk of gastric cancer (GC) in abnormal body mass index (BMI) groups. A systematic search was carried out on Embase, PubMed/Medline, and Scopus from January 2000 to January 2023. The pooled risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was assessed using a random-effect model. Thirteen studies with total of 14,020,031 participants were included in this systematic review. The pooled RR of GC was 1.124 (95% CI, 0.968-1.304, I2: 89.08%) in underweight class, 1.155 (95% CI, 1.051-1.270, I2: 95.18%) in overweight class, and in 1.218 (95% CI, 1.070-1.386, I2: 97.65%) obesity class. There is no difference between cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer, while non-Asian race and female gender have higher risk of cancer, as Meta-regression of obesity and overweight classes showed. These findings suggest that there is a positive association between excess body weight and the risk of GC, with a higher impact in women than men and in non-Asian than Asian populations. Since abnormal weight is tied to various diseases, including GC, healthcare experts, and policymakers should continue interventions aiming to achieve a normal BMI range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Azizi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Moein Zangiabadian
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Golnoosh Seifi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Afshan Davari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Elham Yekekhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Nathan A Berger
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Sohrabi
- Community Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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30
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Foratori-Junior GA, Ventura TMO, Grizzo LT, Jesuino BG, Castilho AVSS, Buzalaf MAR, Sales-Peres SHDC. Is There a Difference in the Proteomic Profile of Stimulated and Unstimulated Saliva Samples from Pregnant Women with/without Obesity and Periodontitis? Cells 2023; 12:1389. [PMID: 37408223 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the proteomic profile of stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples from pregnant women with/without obesity and periodontitis. Pregnant women were allocated into four groups: with obesity and periodontitis (OP); with obesity but without periodontitis (OWP); with normal BMI but with periodontitis (NP); with normal BMI and without periodontitis (NWP). Stimulated saliva (SS) and unstimulated saliva (US) samples were collected, and salivary proteins were extracted and individually processed by proteomic analysis (nLC-ESI-MS/MS). Proteins involved with the immune response process, antioxidant activity, and retina homeostasis were decreased or absent in SS samples from all groups (i.e., Antileukoproteinase, Lysozyme C, Alpha-2-macroglobulin-like protein 1, Heat shock proteins-70 kDa 1-like, 1A, 1B, 6, Heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2, Putative Heat shock 70 kDa protein 7, Heat shock cognate 71 kDa). Additionally, proteins related to the carbohydrate metabolic process and glycolytic and glucose metabolic process were absent in SS, mainly from OP and OWP (i.e., Frutose-bisphosphate aldose A, Glusoce-6-phosphate isomerase, Pyruvate kinase). Saliva stimulation decreased important proteins involved with immune response and inflammation process in all groups. Unstimulated salivary samples seem to be the best choice for the proteomic approach in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualtieri Jesuino
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
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Stapleton F, Abad JC, Barabino S, Burnett A, Iyer G, Lekhanont K, Li T, Liu Y, Navas A, Obinwanne CJ, Qureshi R, Roshandel D, Sahin A, Shih K, Tichenor A, Jones L. TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:165-199. [PMID: 37062429 PMCID: PMC10102706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Societal factors associated with ocular surface diseases were mapped using a framework to characterize the relationship between the individual, their health and environment. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigating factors on ocular surface diseases were considered in a systematic review. Age and sex effects were generally well-characterized for inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune and trauma-related conditions. Sex and gender, through biological, socio-economic, and cultural factors impact the prevalence and severity of disease, access to, and use of, care. Genetic factors, race, smoking and co-morbidities are generally well characterized, with interdependencies with geographical, employment and socioeconomic factors. Living and working conditions include employment, education, water and sanitation, poverty and socioeconomic class. Employment type and hobbies are associated with eye trauma and burns. Regional, global socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions, include remoteness, geography, seasonality, availability of and access to services. Violence associated with war, acid attacks and domestic violence are associated with traumatic injuries. The impacts of conflict, pandemic and climate are exacerbated by decreased food security, access to health services and workers. Digital technology can impact diseases through physical and mental health effects and access to health information and services. The COVID-19 pandemic and related mitigating strategies are mostly associated with an increased risk of developing new or worsening existing ocular surface diseases. Societal factors impact the type and severity of ocular surface diseases, although there is considerable interdependence between factors. The overlay of the digital environment, natural disasters, conflict and the pandemic have modified access to services in some regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Stapleton
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Juan Carlos Abad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antioquia Ophthalmology Clinic-Clofan, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Stefano Barabino
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale L. Sacco-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anthea Burnett
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Geetha Iyer
- C. J. Shah Cornea Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kaevalin Lekhanont
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tianjing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Ophthalmology Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Alejandro Navas
- Conde de Valenciana, National Autonomous University of Mexico UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Riaz Qureshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Danial Roshandel
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Afsun Sahin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Koc University Medical School, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kendrick Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anna Tichenor
- School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Zhang X, Gu S, Shen S, Luo T, Zhao H, Liu S, Feng J, Yang M, Yi L, Fan Z, Liu Y, Han R. Identification of Circular RNA Profiles in the Liver of Diet-Induced Obese Mice and Construction of the ceRNA Network. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030688. [PMID: 36980960 PMCID: PMC10048691 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and respiratory diseases, and it has become an important social health problem affecting the health of the population. Obesity is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we constructed a diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mouse model and performed deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on liner-depleted RNA extracted from the liver tissues of the mice to explore the underlying mechanisms of obesity. A total of 7469 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were detected, and 21 were differentially expressed (DE) in the high-fat diet (HFD) and low-fat diet (LFD) groups. We then constructed a comprehensive circRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that DE circRNAs associated with lipid metabolic-related pathways may act as miRNA sponges to modulate target gene expression. CircRNA1709 and circRNA4842 may serve as new candidates to regulate the expression of PTEN. This study provides systematic circRNA-associated ceRNA profiling in HFD mouse liver, and the results can aid early diagnosis and the selection of treatment targets for obesity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Shuhua Gu
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Shunyi Shen
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Tao Luo
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Haiyi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- College of Basic Medical, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Jingjie Feng
- College of Lab Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Maosheng Yang
- College of The First Clinical, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Laqi Yi
- College of The First Clinical, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Zhaohan Fan
- College of The First Clinical, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
- Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-189-3131-5987
| | - Rui Han
- Laboratory Animal Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
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Braun A, Portner J, Xu M, Weaver L, Pratt K, Darragh A, Spees CK. Preliminary Support for the Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Parent/Adult Caregiver Behavior for Obesity and Cancer Prevention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4726. [PMID: 36981636 PMCID: PMC10048747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Motivational interviewing (MI) is a promising behavioral intervention for improving parent and adult caregiver (PAC) health behavior for obesity and cancer prevention. This study explored the preliminary effects of MI from a registered dietitian (RDMI) within an obesity prevention intervention to promote PAC behavior change and positive proxy effects on children and the home environment. N = 36 PAC/child dyads from low-resource communities were enrolled in a randomized trial testing a 10-week obesity prevention intervention. Intervention dyads were offered RDMI sessions. Data were collected at baseline and post-intervention (PAC diet quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI)), child skin carotenoids, home environment, and PAC ambivalence regarding improving diet). Results show that for every RDMI dose, PAC HEI scores increased (0.571 points, p = 0.530), child skin carotenoid scores improved (1.315%, p = 0.592), and the home food environment improved (3.559%, p = 0.026). There was a significant positive relationship between RDMI dose and change in ambivalence (ρ = 0.533, p = 0.007). Higher baseline ambivalence was associated with greater dose (ρ = -0.287, p = 0.173). Thus, RDMI for PACs may improve diets among PACs who are otherwise ambivalent, with potential effects on the diets of their children and the home food environment. Such intervention strategies have the potential for greater effect, strengthening behavioral interventions targeting obesity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlea Braun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - James Portner
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Menglin Xu
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lindy Weaver
- Division of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Keeley Pratt
- Human Development and Family Science Program, Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Darragh
- Division of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Colleen K. Spees
- Division of Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Bennie JA, Ding D, De Cocker K. Dose-dependent associations of joint aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercise with obesity: A cross-sectional study of 280,605 adults. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:186-193. [PMID: 33434635 PMCID: PMC10105011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that compared to engaging in 1 activity mode alone, a combination of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA: brisk walking/jogging, cycling) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE: push-ups/sit-ups, using weight machines) has more favorable associations with optimal weight status. However, few studies have examined the dose-dependent and joint associations of MVPA and MSE with obesity. METHODS Based on cross-sectional analyses of the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-2014), we examined prevalence ratios (PRs) of joint and stratified associations between MVPA (4 categories: (i) 0 min/week, (ii) 1-149 min/week, (iii) 150-299 min/week, and (iv) ≥300 min/week) and MSE (3 categories: (i) 0 day/week, (ii) 1 day/week, and (iii) ≥2 days/week) with body mass index-defined obesity (body mass index of ≥30.0 kg/m2) using Poisson regression with robust error variance. PRs were examined unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics (e.g., sex, age, education, income, and smoking status). RESULTS Data were available for 280,456 adults (≥18 years), of which 46,166 (15.5%) were obese. The interaction MVPA × MSE guideline adherence was statistically significant for obesity (p ≤ 0.05). The joint MVPA-MSE analysis showed that compared to the reference group (i.e., no MVPA and no MSE), the PRs followed a dose-dependent pattern, with the lowest observed among those reporting ≥150 MVPA min/week and ≥1 MSE days/week (PR: 0.43; 95% confidence interval: 0.41-0.46). When stratified across each MVPA strata, the PRs were mostly lower among those engaging in MSE 1 day/week, as compared to those doing MSE ≥2 days/week. CONCLUSION There was evidence for a dose-dependent association between joint MVPA-MSE with a reduced prevalence of obesity. Public health strategies for the prevention and management of obesity should recommend both MVPA and MSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia.
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre Epidemiology Unit, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
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Cacciatore I, Spalletta S, Di Rienzo A, Flati V, Fornasari E, Pierdomenico L, Del Boccio P, Valentinuzzi S, Costantini E, Toniato E, Martinotti S, Conte C, Di Stefano A, Robuffo I. Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Carvacrol Derivatives on 3T3-L1 and WJ-MSCs Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030340. [PMID: 36986440 PMCID: PMC10055808 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity, a complex metabolic disease resulting from an imbalance between food consumption and energy expenditure, leads to an increase in adipocytes and chronic inflammatory conditions. The aim of this paper was to synthesize a small series of carvacrol derivatives (CD1-3) that are able to reduce both adipogenesis and the inflammatory status often associated with the progression of the obesity disease. (2) Methods: The synthesis of CD1-3 was performed using classical procedures in a solution phase. Biological studies were performed on three cell lines: 3T3-L1, WJ-MSCs, and THP-1. The anti-adipogenic properties of CD1-3 were evaluated using western blotting and densitometric analysis by assessing the expression of obesity-related proteins, such as ChREBP. The anti-inflammatory effect was estimated by measuring the reduction in TNF-α expression in CD1-3-treated THP-1 cells. (3) Results: CD1-3—obtained through a direct linkage between the carboxylic moiety of anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen, and Naproxen) and the hydroxyl group of carvacrol—have an inhibitory effect on the accumulation of lipids in both 3T3-L1 and WJ-MSCs cell cultures and an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing TNF- α levels in THP-1 cells. (4) Conclusions: Considering the physicochemical properties, stability, and biological data, the CD3 derivative—obtained by a direct linkage between carvacrol and naproxen—resulted in the best candidate, displaying anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-871-355-44-75
| | - Sonia Spalletta
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Rienzo
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Flati
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center on Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Del Boccio
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Valentinuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Toniato
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Martinotti
- Department of Innovative Technology in Medicine and Odontoiatrics, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Iole Robuffo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center on Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza”, National Research Council, Section of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Zhang L, Fang L, Lihua H, Li C. Association between obesity and 1-year mortality in septic patients: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066526. [PMID: 36764727 PMCID: PMC9923324 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sepsis is a major contributor of intensive care units (ICUs) patient mortality. Prior investigations claimed that obesity enhances overall survival (OS) of septic patients. However, the reported results were inconsistent. This study examined the association between obesity and the 1-year mortality of septic patients. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. PARTICIPANTS 3145 septic patients were separated into three distinct cohorts, based on their WHO body mass index (BMI) status. OUTCOMES Our primary endpoint was the 1-year mortality from the date of ICU hospitalization. RESULT 1334 (42.4%) died within 1 year. The 1-year mortality rate was low in obese patients (38.8%), compared with normal (46.9%) and overweight (42.1%) patients. Crude assessment revealed that obese patients experienced reduced 1-year mortality, relative to normal weight patients (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.9, p<0.001). However, once adjusted for baseline variables and comorbidities, no correlation was found between obesity and the 1-year mortality (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.06, p=0.28) of septic patients. There was an association among diabetic (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.93, p=0.012) and hypertensive (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.92, p=0.008) patients, and among males (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.86, p<0.001), with obese individuals experiencing the lowest mortality rate. Given these evidences, the interactions between BMI and mortality in diabetic (p=0.031) and hypertensive (p=0.035) patients were significant. CONCLUSION In our study, obese diabetic and hypertensive patients associated to less sepsis-related mortality risk, compared with normal weight patients. Further researches were need to validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingna Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Hang Lihua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Osteoporosis, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Bobbio Gonzáles PA, Azañedo D, Hernández-Vásquez A. Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Associated with the Influence of the Food Traffic Light Labeling on the Decision of the Adult Population of Ecuador to Purchase Processed Foods, 2018. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040885. [PMID: 36839243 PMCID: PMC9962647 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with the influence of the nutritional traffic light (NTL) on the decision to purchase processed foods using information from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018 of Ecuador, a cross-sectional and analytical study based on a secondary analysis of the information from the ENSANUT 2018 was performed. We collected data from 25,932 participants 18 years of age or older who knew or had seen the NTL, and for whom complete information on the variables of interest for the study was available. The "Influence of the NTL on the purchase decision of processed foods" was the outcome variable of the study. Generalized linear models of the Poisson family, with log link, were used to assess the association between socioeconomic factors and outcome, using crude (PR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and a p-value < 0.05. Participants who understood the NTL (aPR: 2.49; 95% CI: 2.19-2.83), with a higher educational level (aPR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.09-1.61), women (aPR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10), and who had a partner (aPR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.14) were more likely to be influenced by the NTL when deciding to purchase processed foods, compared to people who did not understand the NTL, who had no educational level or who only attended a literacy center, were men, and those without a partner. The inhabitants of the coastal region (aPR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88-0.97), the Amazon (aPR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88-0.98), and the insular region (aPR 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68-0.84) had few probabilities of being influenced by the NTL in the decision to purchase processed foods, in comparison with the residents of the highlands. Similarly, compared to non-poor people, poor people had a lower probability of being influenced by the NTL (aPR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82-0.97). Factors associated with the influence of NTL on the decision to purchase processed foods were identified. It is recommended to reformulate and focus awareness strategies for using the NTL to purchase processed foods by taking into account the associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Azañedo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru
| | - Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15024, Peru
- Correspondence:
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38
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Ye R, Cheng Y, Ge Y, Xu G, Tu W. A bibliometric analysis of the global trends and hotspots for the ketogenic diet based on CiteSpace. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32794. [PMID: 36749276 PMCID: PMC9902013 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a potential nutritional therapy that is frequently utilized in various conditions. More and more studies are being done on KD in recent years. However, as far as we know, few studies have made an effort to offer a thorough synthesis and assessment of this topic. This paper aims to do a rigorous and thorough evaluation of the knowledge structure, development trend, and research hotspot of scientific outputs connected to KD. The bibliographic records connected to KD from January 1, 2001 to April 22, 2022 were collected using the core collection database of Web of Science. The complex data input, that consisted of the amount of publications, journals, authors, institutions, countries, keywords and cited references, was generated and analyzed visually using CiteSpace. A total of 2676 literatures on the KD were published between 2001 and 2022. The most KD-related publications were found in Epilepsia and Epilepsia Research. The authors with the most KD-related papers are Kossoff EH and Rho J. The United States is the country with the most publications, and Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins University Hospital, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions are the institutions with the most articles. The high frequency keywords are "KD," "ketone body," "children," "efficacy," "weight loss," "low carbohydrate diet," "metabolism," "epilepsy," "beta hydroxybutyrate," and "modified atkins diet." The 2018 study by Kossoff EH on epilepsia and the 2017 study by Puchalska P on ketone body metabolism earned 127 and 114 citations, respectively. The results of this bibliometric analysis provide information on the state and trends in KD and may be used by researchers to pinpoint hot issues and discover new areas of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ye
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfei Cheng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Ge
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Guihua Xu, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China (e-mail: )
| | - Wenjing Tu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Dorgan JF, Ryan AS, LeBlanc ES, Van Horn L, Magder LS, Snetselaar LG, Zhang Y, Dallal CM, Jung S, Shepherd JA. A comparison of associations of body mass index and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measured percentage fat and total fat with global serum metabolites in young women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:525-536. [PMID: 36642094 PMCID: PMC9937438 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Body mass index (BMI) does not directly measure adiposity, whereas dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides valid direct estimates of adiposity. Therefore, this study evaluated usefulness of BMI as a measure of adiposity in serum metabolomics studies. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of 202 women aged 25 to 29 years in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children Follow-Up Study. Heights and weights were measured, and body composition was quantified using clinical DXA protocols. Serum metabolomic profiling was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Partial correlations of BMI, percentage fat (%FAT), and total fat (TOTFAT) with log transformed serum metabolites were calculated. RESULTS There was significant overlap in the 93 metabolites that correlated with BMI, %FAT, and/or TOTFAT; 9 differently correlated with BMI and %FAT, whereas 15 differently correlated with BMI and TOTFAT. Even for these metabolites, absolute differences were modest. Metabolite set enrichment analysis identified diacylglycerol and sphingolipid metabolism as overrepresented among metabolites significantly correlated with all three measures of adiposity. CONCLUSIONS BMI can be a good proxy for DXA measured %FAT and TOTFAT in descriptive metabolomic studies of healthy, young White women. Larger studies in more diverse populations are needed to endorse more generalized conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Dorgan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice S Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin S LeBlanc
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Laurence S Magder
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda G Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Yuji Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cher M Dallal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Seungyoun Jung
- Department of Nutritional Science & Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - John A Shepherd
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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Shehab M, Alali A, Al-Hindawi A, Alsayegh A, Aldallal U, Abdullah I, Albaghli A, Alrashed F, Alfadhli A, Bessissow T. Impact of tumor necrosis factor antagonist combination and anti-integrin therapies on body mass index in inflammatory bowel disease: A cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1045661. [PMID: 36687448 PMCID: PMC9853179 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1045661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of biologic therapies on body mass index (BMI) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unclear. This study investigates any associations between BMI, type of IBD, and the type of medications taken among patients with IBD with varying weight categories. Methods A cross sectional study was performed in an IBD tertiary care center. Data was obtained from patients with IBD attending outpatient clinics from January 1st, 2021 until November 1st, 2021. Adult patients, older than 18 years, with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were recruited. The primary outcome was the association between BMI and medication used in IBD. The secondary outcome was the association between BMI and disease type and location in patients with IBD. Results The study included a total of 528 patients of which, 66.5% have CD. Patients with normal weight comprises 55.9% of the participants, while those who are underweight, overweight or obese are 3.4, 28.2, and 12.5%, respectively. None of the underweight patients had UC. Among the normal weight, overweight and obese BMI categories, 34.6% vs. 36.2% vs. 31.8% had UC, respectively. Patients who are on tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNF) with an immunomodulator (anti-TNF combination), are more likely to be overweight or obese than patients who are not on anti-TNF combination (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.739-4.711, p < 0.001). Patients on vedolizumab are twice as likely to be overweight or obese than patients not on vedolizumab (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.086-4.584, p < 0.05). Patients with ileocolonic CD are more likely to be overweight or obese compared to other subtypes of CD (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.14-2.77, p = 0.01). Conclusion Many patients with IBD are either obese or overweight. Patients with IBD who are on anti-TNF combination therapy or vedolizumab monotherapy are more likely to be obese and overweight. In addition, patients will ileocolonic CD are more likely to be obese or overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shehab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait,*Correspondence: Mohammad Shehab,
| | - Ali Alali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Al-Hindawi
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Abdulwahab Alsayegh
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Usama Aldallal
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Israa Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kuwait Hospital, Sabah Al-Salem, Kuwait
| | - Abbas Albaghli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fatema Alrashed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center (HSC), Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad Alfadhli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Talat Bessissow
- Division of Gastroenterology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kanbay M, Copur S, Siriopol D, Yildiz AB, Berkkan M, Tuttle KR, Zoccali C. The risk for chronic kidney disease in metabolically healthy obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e13878. [PMID: 36120818 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the association of CKD with phenotype referred as metabolically healthy obese or overweight is unclear. In this this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigate the relationships between obesity and CKD independent of metabolic syndrome by appraising published evidence in studies focusing on metabolically healthy obese people. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a literature search through three databases Embase (Elsevier), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley) and PubMed/Medline Web of Science up to March 2022 with the following terms: "chronic kidney disease", "kidney function", "obesity", "metabolic syndrome", "metabolically healthy obesity", "metabolically healthy overweight". Metabolically unhealthy was defined an individual having at least 3 of the following: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and hyperglycaemia. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for reporting. Prospective, retrospective, randomized and nonrandomized studies fitting the search criteria were included in our results. RESULTS Our final analysis included 16 studies with a total number of 4.965.285 participants. There is considerable heterogeneity in terms of study design, participant characteristics and number of participants across individual studies. In comparison to healthy normal weight patients, the risk was progressively higher in overweight (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.32, p < 0.001) and obese patients (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.65, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Metabolically healthy overweight and obese individuals have higher risk of CKD compared to individuals without weight excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dimitrie Siriopol
- Department of Nephrology, "Saint John the New" County Hospital, Suceava, Romania.,"Stefan cel Mare" University, Suceava, Romania
| | - Abdullah B Yildiz
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metehan Berkkan
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kathherine R Tuttle
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Providence Medical Research Center, Providence Health Care, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Renal Research Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Associazione Ipertensione, Nefrologia e Trapianto Renale (IPNET) c/o Nefrologia, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Sinha MK, K V, Maiya AG, K N S, U S, N RS. Association of physical activity and heart rate variability in people with overweight and obesity: A systematic review. F1000Res 2023; 12:156. [PMID: 36875496 PMCID: PMC9982191 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.124707.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a major public health issue globally which is intrinsically linked to reduced heart rate variability (HRV). Physical inactivity and reduced resting HRV are linked to an increased risk of coronary heart disease, while athletes have a greater HRV. However, the exact correlation between physical activity and HRV remains uncertain. This systematic review aims to collect, report, and critically assess the current scientific literature about the association between physical activity and HRV in individuals with higher weight and obesity. Methods: A systematic search was carried out in electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS and CINAHL Plus) to retrieve studies that evaluated the relationship between physical activity and HRV in individuals with higher weight and obesity. Case-control, longitudinal/cohort, cross-sectional and observational studies were included. Using a critical narrative approach, information about the HRV, and physical activity was extracted and synthesized. The study was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020208018 on October 9 2020. Results: After removing duplicates, 980 title/abstract records were checked for eligibility, and 12 papers were finally included in the narrative synthesis. The included studies contained physical activity as well as HRV in adults with higher weight or obesity with or without comorbidities. A negative relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity and HRV indices had been found in two studies. There was also a negative relationship between sedentary time and HF (p = 0.049) and LF/HF (p = 0.036), as well as a positive relationship between sedentary time and LF (p = 0.014). Also dose-response association was found between vigorous exercise and higher SDNN, LF power, and HF power in one of the studies. Conclusions: This systematic review revealed a wide range of responses to physical activity and HRV; however, the current evidence uses a variety of approaches to objectively assess physical activity and measure HRV with different equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Sinha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vaishali K
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Arun G Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shivashankar K N
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical college, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shashikiran U
- Department of Medicine, Dr. TMA Pai Hospital, Udupi, MMMC, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ravi Shankar N
- Department of Biostatistics, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi, India
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Karpińska E, Moskwa J, Puścion-Jakubik A, Naliwajko SK, Soroczyńska J, Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Socha K. Body Composition of Young Women and The Consumption of Selected Nutrients. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010129. [PMID: 36615786 PMCID: PMC9823447 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The choices of food products and their nutritional value have a significant impact on nutritional status and body composition parameters. Popular and low-cost indicators of nutritional status, such as BMI, may not reflect the actual condition of the body. The aim of the study was to assess the consumption of energy as well as selected nutrients, such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, unsaturated fatty acids, lactose, starch, and dietary fiber, and to evaluate body mass index (BMI) and the parameters of the body composition among young women. Next, correlations were made between these nutrients and the parameters, such as percent body fat (PBF), visceral fat area (VFA), and fitness score (FS). The study group included 478 young women. To assess their consumption, the participants completed 72 h dietary interviews. In addition, the participants had a body composition analysis performed by bioelectric impedance technology by the InBody 720 Body Composition Analyzer (InBody, South Korea). The average energy value of the diets was about 1480 kcal. Most diets contained adequate portions of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. The diets were deficient in terms of unsaturated fatty acids and fiber. We showed that up to 37% of women with normal BMI had excess body fat. Moreover, the % energy from plant protein consumption negatively correlated with PBF and BMI (r = -0.10, p = 0.029, r = -0.10, p = 0.037, respectively) and dietary fiber with PBF, BMI, VFA, and FS (r = -0.17, p = 0.0003, r = -0.12, p = 0.01, r = -0.18, p = 0.0001, r = 0.09, p = 0.041, respectively). Education on the proper consumption of basic nutrients, including plant-based protein and dietary fiber, seems to be essential in preventing overweight and obesity.
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Talukdar FR, Escobar Marcillo DI, Laskar RS, Novoloaca A, Cuenin C, Sbraccia P, Nisticò L, Guglielmi V, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Dogliotti E, Fortini P, Herceg Z. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss and associated genome-wide DNA-methylation alterations in obese individuals. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:176. [PMID: 36528638 PMCID: PMC9759858 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multifactorial and chronic condition of growing universal concern. It has recently been reported that bariatric surgery is a more successful treatment for severe obesity than other noninvasive interventions, resulting in rapid significant weight loss and associated chronic disease remission. The identification of distinct epigenetic patterns in patients who are obese or have metabolic imbalances has suggested a potential role for epigenetic alterations in causal or mediating pathways in the development of obesity-related pathologies. Specific changes in the epigenome (DNA methylome), associated with metabolic disorders, can be detected in the blood. We investigated whether such epigenetic changes are reversible after weight loss using genome-wide DNA methylome analysis of blood samples from individuals with severe obesity (mean BMI ~ 45) undergoing bariatric surgery. RESULTS Our analysis revealed 41 significant (Bonferroni p < 0.05) and 1169 (false discovery rate p < 0.05) suggestive differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with weight loss due to bariatric surgery. Among the 41 significant DMPs, 5 CpGs were replicated in an independent cohort of BMI-discordant monozygotic twins (the heavier twin underwent diet-induced weight loss). The effect sizes of these 5 CpGs were consistent across discovery and replication sets (p < 0.05). We also identified 192 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among which SMAD6 and PFKFB3 genes were the top hypermethylated and hypomethylated regions, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis of the DMR-associated genes showed that functional pathways related to immune function and type 1 diabetes were significant. Weight loss due to bariatric surgery also significantly decelerated epigenetic age 12 months after the intervention (mean = - 4.29; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We identified weight loss-associated DNA-methylation alterations targeting immune and inflammatory gene pathways in blood samples from bariatric-surgery patients. The top hits were replicated in samples from an independent cohort of BMI-discordant monozygotic twins following a hypocaloric diet. Energy restriction and bariatric surgery thus share CpGs that may represent early indicators of response to the metabolic effects of weight loss. The analysis of bariatric surgery-associated DMRs suggests that epigenetic regulation of genes involved in endothelial and adipose tissue function is key in the pathophysiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlur Rahman Talukdar
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | - David Israel Escobar Marcillo
- Section of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Dept Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, No. 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Obesity Center-Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ruhina Shirin Laskar
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | - Alexei Novoloaca
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Sbraccia
- Obesity Center-Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Nisticò
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, No. 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Guglielmi
- Obesity Center-Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Early Detection, Prevention, and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | | | - Eugenia Dogliotti
- Section of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Dept Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, No. 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Fortini
- Section of Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Models, Dept Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, No. 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
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Al-Musharaf S, Aljuraiban GS, Al-Ajllan L, Al-Khaldi N, Aljazairy EA, Hussain SD, Alnaami AM, Sabico S, Al-Daghri N. Vitamin B12 Status and Gut Microbiota among Saudi Females with Obesity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244007. [PMID: 36553749 PMCID: PMC9778531 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that dietary habits and dysbiosis of gut microbiota contributed to obesity development. Vitamin B12 is produced by microbes; however, the relationships between vitamin B12, gut microbiome, and obesity are understudied. We aimed to determine the association between vitamin B12 status and gut microbiota relative to obesity in 92 Saudi Arabian females aged 19-25 years who were obese (n = 44) or normal weight (n = 48). Anthropometric, biochemical data, and dietary data were collected. The microbial communities of stool samples were characterized using the shotgun metagenomic sequencing technique. The relationship between vitamin B12 status and gut microbiota composition was identified using Pearson correlation analysis. A statistically significant difference was found in bacterial α- and β-diversity between the groups relative to median serum vitamin B12 level (404.0 pg/mL) and body weight. In the total participants, dietary vitamin B12 intake was inversely correlated with Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense and Blautia wexlerae species. In obese participants, dietary vitamin B12 intake was inversely correlated with Akkermansia muciniphila species and species from the Verrucomicrobia phylum, whereas it was positively correlated with Bacteroides species. Our findings indicate that the abundance (frequency) and diversity (richness) of gut microbiota are associated with vitamin B12 levels and obesity in young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Al-Musharaf
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +096-655-4243-033
| | - Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Al-Ajllan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Al-Khaldi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esra’a A. Aljazairy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Danish Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Rosas-Campos R, Meza-Rios A, Rodriguez-Sanabria JS, la Rosa-Bibiano RD, Corona-Cervantes K, García-Mena J, Santos A, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, Armendariz-Borunda J. Dietary supplementation with Mexican foods, Opuntia ficus indica, Theobroma cacao, and Acheta domesticus: Improving obesogenic and microbiota features in obese mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:987222. [PMID: 36532548 PMCID: PMC9755723 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.987222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An obesogenic diet, a diet high in saturated fats and sugars, is a risk factor for the development of multiple obesity-related diseases. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with a mixture of Mexican functional foods (MexMix), Opuntia ficus indica (nopal), Theobroma cacao, and Acheta domesticus (edible crickets), compared with a high-fat and fructose/sucrose diet on an obesogenic mice model. METHODS For this study, 18 male C57BL/6J mice were used, which were divided into three groups: (1) control group: normal diet (ND), (2) HF/FS group: high-fat diet along with 4.2% fructose/sucrose and water (ad libitum access), and (3) therapeutic group (MexMix): HF/FS diet up to week 8, followed by HF/FS diet supplemented with 10% nopal, 10% cocoa, and 10% cricket for 8 weeks. RESULTS MexMix mice showed significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, visceral fat, and epididymal fat compared with HF/FS mice. Levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin, glucose, GIP, leptin, PAI-1, and resistin were also significantly reduced. For identifying the gut microbiota in the model, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis was performed, and the results showed that MexMix supplementation increased the abundance of Lachnospira, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, and Blautia, bacteria involved in multiple beneficial metabolic effects. It is noteworthy that the mice supplemented with MexMix showed improvements in cognitive parameters, as evaluated by the novel object recognition test. CONCLUSION Hence, supplementation with MexMix food might represent a potential strategy for the treatment of obesity and other diseases associated with excessive intake of fats and sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Rosas-Campos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Meza-Rios
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - J. Samael Rodriguez-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ricardo De la Rosa-Bibiano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, EMCS, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Mulberry Leaf Supplements Effecting Anti-Inflammatory Genes and Improving Obesity in Elderly Overweight Dogs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315215. [PMID: 36499541 PMCID: PMC9735752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity, associated with various health complications, refer to abnormal or excessive fat accumulation conditions that harm health. Like humans, obesity is a growing problem in dogs, which may increase the risk of serious diseases such as diabetes and cancer. Mulberry leaf has shown potential anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects in several studies. Our research studied the impact of mulberry leaf supplements in healthy old overweight dogs for 12 weeks. Blood and fecal samples were collected from the dogs before and after treatment for different analyses, including whole transcriptome and gut microbiome analysis. The Body Condition Score (BCS) and blood glucose levels were significantly decreased in all mulberry treatment groups, which justifies the anti-obesity effect of mulberry leaf in dogs. Throughout the whole transcriptome study, the downregulation of PTX3 and upregulation of PDCD-1, TNFRSF1B, RUNX3, and TICAM1 genes in the high mulberry group were found, which have been associated with anti-inflammatory effects in the literature. It may be an essential gene expression mechanism responsible for the anti-inflammatory and, subsequently, anti-obesity effects associated with mulberry leaf treatment, as confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. In microbiome analysis, Papillibacter cinnamivorans, related to the Mediterranean diet, which may cause anti-inflammatory effects, were abundant in the same treatment group. Further studies may be required to establish the gene expression mechanism and role of abundant bacteria in the anti-obesity effect of mulberry supplements in dogs. Overall, we propose mulberry leaves as a portion of food supplements for improving blood glucose levels and the anti-inflammation of blood in companion dogs.
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Ziomber-Lisiak A, Piana K, Ostachowicz B, Wróbel P, Kasprzyk P, Kaszuba-Zwoińska J, Baranowska-Chowaniec A, Juszczak K, Szczerbowska-Boruchowska M. The New Markers of Early Obesity-Related Organ and Metabolic Abnormalities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13437. [PMID: 36362225 PMCID: PMC9658002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to identify new markers related to excessive body adiposity and its early consequences. For this purpose we determined serum FGF-19 and FGF-21 concentrations in obese rats, whose role in the pathogenesis of obesity is not yet established. In addition, a total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique was applied to determine the elemental chemistry of certain tissues affected by obesity. Next, the new biochemical and molecular parameters were correlated with well-known obesity-related markers of metabolic abnormalities. Our obese rats were characterized by increased calorie consumption and body adiposity, hypercholesterolemia, elevated levels of liver enzymes and FGF-21, while the level of FGF-19 was reduced. Strong relationships between new hormones and established metabolic parameters were observed. Furthermore, we demonstrated that obesity had the greatest effect on elemental composition in the adipose tissue and liver and that rubidium (Rb) had the highest importance in distinguishing the studied groups of animals. Tissue Rb strongly correlated with both well-known and new markers of obesity. In conclusion, we confirmed serum FGF-19 and FGF-21 as useful new markers of obesity-related metabolic alternations and we robustly propose Rb as a novel indicator of excessive body adiposity and its early consequences. However, further investigations are encouraged to address this clinical issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Ziomber-Lisiak
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kaja Piana
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Ostachowicz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Wróbel
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paula Kasprzyk
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoińska
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baranowska-Chowaniec
- Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kajetan Juszczak
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Foratori-Junior GA, Guennec AL, Fidalgo TKDS, Cleaver L, Buzalaf MAR, Carpenter GH, Sales-Peres SHDC. Metabolomic Profiles Associated with Obesity and Periodontitis during Pregnancy: Cross-Sectional Study with Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1H-NMR)-Based Analysis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111029. [PMID: 36355112 PMCID: PMC9694155 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the metabolomic signature associated with obesity and periodontitis during pregnancy in plasma and saliva biofluids. Ninety-eight pregnant women were divided into: with obesity and periodontitis (OP = 20), with obesity but without periodontitis (OWP = 27), with normal BMI but with periodontitis (NP = 21), with normal BMI and without periodontitis (NWP = 30). Saliva and plasma were analyzed by 1H-NMR for metabolites identification. Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Sparse PLS-DA (sPLS-DA), and Variable Importance of Projection (VIP) were performed. ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation were applied (p < 0.05). Plasmatic analysis indicated the levels of glucose (p = 0.041) and phenylalanine (p = 0.015) were positively correlated with periodontal parameters and BMI, respectively. In saliva, periodontitis was mainly associated with high levels of acetic acid (p = 0.024), isovaleric acid, butyric acid, leucine, valine, isoleucine, and propionic acid (p < 0.001). High salivary concentrations of glycine (p = 0.015), succinic acid (p = 0.015), and lactate (p = 0.026) were associated with obesity. Saliva demonstrated a more elucidative difference than plasma, indicating the glucose-alanine cycle, alanine metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, glutamate metabolism, and Warburg effect as the main metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- Correspondence: (G.A.F.-J.); (S.H.d.C.S.-P.)
| | - Adrien Le Guennec
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Leanne Cleaver
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | | | - Guy Howard Carpenter
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Silvia Helena de Carvalho Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Correspondence: (G.A.F.-J.); (S.H.d.C.S.-P.)
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50
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Fernández MS, Pilatti A, Pautassi RM. Eating-to-Cope Motives and Uncontrolled Eating as Mediators Between Negative Emotional States and Food Addiction Among Argentinean Young Adults. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022:1-19. [PMID: 36275610 PMCID: PMC9579650 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative emotional states (NES; i.e., depression, anxiety and stress) are likely contributors to the development of food addiction (FA). The association between NES and FA symptoms may be mediated by altered eating behaviors or by eating-to-cope motives. This study examined, in a sample of Argentinean young adults, the association between NES and FA symptoms via eating-to-cope motives and three patterns of eating behaviors. We also examined whether the model was invariant across college status. The transition from high school to college is usually associated with increased exposure to stress, which promotes the probability of engaging in altered eating behaviors. A sample of 499 Argentinean young adults (mean age = 24.9 ± 3.51 years) completed a survey that assessed FA symptoms, eating behaviors (i.e., uncontrolled, emotional, and restrained eating), eating-to-cope motives and NES. A path analysis tested the indirect association between NES and FA symptoms via uncontrolled, emotional or restrained eating, or by eating-to-cope. Stress and depression symptoms were indirectly associated with FA symptoms via uncontrolled eating and eating-to-cope motives. The model was invariant across college status. The findings suggest that NES are associated with FA symptoms by increasing uncontrolled eating and eating-to-cope motives. Young adults exhibiting greater depressive or stress symptoms, higher eating-to-cope, or higher uncontrolled eating may be at risk for FA. Future research should examine the significance of this pattern by tailoring interventions to these characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Soledad Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, IIPsi-CONICET-UNC, Bv. de la Reforma, 1936 Córdoba (5000), Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. de la Reforma 1936, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Angelina Pilatti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, IIPsi-CONICET-UNC, Bv. de la Reforma, 1936 Córdoba (5000), Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. de la Reforma 1936, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Marcos Pautassi
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bv. de la Reforma 1936, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. Y M. Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Friuli 2434, C.P. 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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