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Zhang YS, Liu ZY, Liu ZY, Lin LC, Chen Q, Zhao JY, Tao H. m6A epitranscriptomic modification of inflammation in cardiovascular disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112222. [PMID: 38728881 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is currently the number one cause of death endangering human health. There is currently a large body of research showing that the development of cardiovascular disease and its complications is often accompanied by inflammatory processes. In recent years, epitranscriptional modifications have been shown to be involved in regulating the pathophysiological development of inflammation in cardiovascular diseases, with 6-methyladenine being one of the most common RNA transcriptional modifications. In this review, we link different cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, with inflammation and describe the regulatory processes involved in RNA methylation. Advances in RNA methylation research have revealed the close relationship between the regulation of transcriptome modifications and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases and brought potential therapeutic targets for disease diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, we also discussed different cell aspects. In addition, in the article we also describe the different application aspects and clinical pathways of RNA methylation therapy. In summary, this article reviews the mechanism, regulation and disease treatment effects of m6A modification on inflammation and inflammatory cells in cardiovascular diseases in recent years. We will discuss issues facing the field and new opportunities that may be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
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2
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Kadier K, Dilixiati D, Zhang X, Li H, Kuang L, Huang J, Cai X, Ling T, Kong F, Liu X. Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of heart failure: results from the cross-sectional study in the US population and mendelian randomization analysis in the European population. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1377432. [PMID: 38863716 PMCID: PMC11165030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Among its various complications, heart failure (HF) has been recognized as the second leading cause of cardiovascular death in RA patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between RA and HF using epidemiological and genetic approaches. Methods The study included 37,736 participants from the 1999-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Associations between RA and HF in the US population were assessed with weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to establish the causal relationship between the two variables. The primary analysis method utilized was inverse variance weighting (IVW). Additionally, horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed to account for potential confounding factors. In cases where multiple independent datasets were accessible during MR analysis, we combined the findings through a meta-analytical approach. Results In observational studies, the prevalence of HF in combination with RA reached 7.11% (95%CI 5.83 to 8.39). RA was positively associated with an increased prevalence of HF in the US population [odds ratio (OR):1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.47-2.54, P < 0.0001]. In a MR analysis utilizing a meta-analytical approach to amalgamate the results of the IVW method, we identified a significant causal link between genetically predicted RA and a heightened risk of HF (OR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.028-1.141; P = 0.003). However, this association was not deemed significant for seronegative RA (SRA) (OR = 1.028, 95% CI: 0.992-1.065; P = 0.126). These findings were consistent across sensitivity analyses and did not indicate any horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusion RA correlates with an elevated prevalence of HF within the US population. Furthermore, genetic evidence derived from European populations underscores a causal link between RA and the risk of HF. However this association was not significant in SRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisaierjiang Kadier
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Diliyaer Dilixiati
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Chongqing Reproductive Genetics Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Li
- Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Kuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital (Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xintian Cai
- Department of Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Ling
- Department of Pharmacy, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Park E, Bathon J. Cardiovascular complications of rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024; 36:209-216. [PMID: 38334476 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients remain at higher cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to non-RA patients, driven by accelerated atherosclerosis, leading to plaque rupture and acute CV events (CVE), including heart failure (HF). It has been hypothesized that chronic inflammation is the main driving force behind such outcomes. We summarize the current evidence supporting this hypothesis, focusing on arterial disease and myocardial disease. RECENT FINDINGS RA patients demonstrate higher prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis (high risk plaque and arterial inflammation) compared to non-RA patients, with RA disease activity correlating independently with CVE and death. Nonischemic HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is more common in RA compared to non-RA, with subclinical myocardial structural and functional alterations also more prevalent in RA. HFpEF and myocardial remodeling and dysfunction bear a strong and independent association with inflammatory correlates. SUMMARY All of this suggests that inflammation contributes to enhanced risk of CVE in RA. A more accurate and specific CV risk stratification tool for RA, incorporating biomarkers or imaging, is needed. Likewise, more prospective studies outlining the trajectory from preclinical to clinical HF, incorporating biomarkers and imaging, are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Park
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Wolf M, Lucina SB, Silva VBC, Silveira MF, Silva VG, Sarraff AP, Custódio CC, Sousa MG. Assessment of left and right ventricular systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Top Companion Anim Med 2024; 60:100858. [PMID: 38527726 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial dysfunction in cardio-oncology is generally thought to be related to the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy treatment. However, it is known that some tumors have direct effects on myocardial function. These effects have already been studied in man, but there are no publications of these of the effects in dogs. Novel advanced echocardiographic techniques may allow early detection of myocardial dysfunction when compared to conventional echocardiographic techniques. This study aims to assess myocardial systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma prior to initiation of chemotherapy. ANIMALS Fifteen dogs with multicentric lymphoma and nineteen healthy dogs. METHODS Case-control study. Dogs with multicentric lymphoma and healthy control dogs underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic blood pressure measurement, standard and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess biventricular systolic function. RESULTS There were no differences between groups in terms of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameter, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mitral annular plane systolic excursion and fractional area change of the right ventricle (RV). However, there was a reduction in the values of global circumferential strain (p = 0.0003), RV strain (p = 0.01) and RV tissue motion annular displacement (p < 0.05) in the dogs with lymphoma when compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Speckle tracking techniques appear to demonstrate early systolic dysfunction, primarily affecting the RV, in dogs with lymphoma prior to chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Wolf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Stephany B Lucina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vinícius B C Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Matheus F Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Victória G Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana P Sarraff
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba campus, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Marlos G Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Chen Z, Zhu Y, Chen S, Li Z, Fu G, Wang Y. Immune patterns of cuproptosis in ischemic heart failure: A transcriptome analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18187. [PMID: 38509725 PMCID: PMC10955177 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a recently discovered programmed cell death pattern that affects the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by disrupting the lipoylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex components. However, the role of cuproptosis in the progression of ischemic heart failure (IHF) has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the expression of 10 cuproptosis-related genes in samples from both healthy individuals and those with IHF. Utilizing these differential gene expressions, we developed a risk prediction model that effectively distinguished healthy and IHF samples. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the association between cuproptosis and the immune microenvironment in IHF, encompassing infiltrated immunocytes, immune reaction gene-sets and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. Moreover, we identified two different cuproptosis-mediated expression patterns in IHF and explored the immune characteristics associated with each pattern. In conclusion, this study elucidates the significant influence of cuproptosis on the immune microenvironment in ischemic heart failure (IHF), providing valuable insights for future mechanistic research exploring the association between cuproptosis and IHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhebin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Songzan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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6
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Gallo G, Rubattu S, Volpe M. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Heart Failure: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2667. [PMID: 38473911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, a feature of heart failure, leads to a progressive decline in bioenergetic reserve capacity, consisting in a shift of energy production from mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation to glycolytic pathways. This adaptive process of cardiomyocytes does not represent an effective strategy to increase the energy supply and to restore the energy homeostasis in heart failure, thus contributing to a vicious circle and to disease progression. The increased oxidative stress causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, damage of proteins and lipids, leakage of mitochondrial DNA, and inflammatory responses, finally stimulating different signaling pathways which lead to cardiac remodeling and failure. Furthermore, the parallel neurohormonal dysregulation with angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and sympatho-adrenergic overactivation, which occurs in heart failure, stimulates ventricular cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and aggravates the cellular damage. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction, which are mainly dependent on increased oxidative stress and perturbation of the dynamics of membrane potential and are associated with heart failure development and progression. We will also provide an overview of the potential implication of mitochondria as an attractive therapeutic target in the management and recovery process in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Gallo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, RM, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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7
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Rutledge CA. Molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia in heart failure. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:7. [PMID: 38455513 PMCID: PMC10919908 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The loss of skeletal muscle, also known as sarcopenia, is an aging-associated muscle disorder that is disproportionately present in heart failure (HF) patients. HF patients with sarcopenia have poor outcomes compared to the overall HF patient population. The prevalence of sarcopenia in HF is only expected to grow as the global population ages, and novel treatment strategies are needed to improve outcomes in this cohort. Multiple mechanistic pathways have emerged that may explain the increased prevalence of sarcopenia in the HF population, and a better understanding of these pathways may lead to the development of therapies to prevent muscle loss. This review article aims to explore the molecular mechanisms linking sarcopenia and HF, and to discuss treatment strategies aimed at addressing such molecular signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A. Rutledge
- Acute Medicine Section, Division of Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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8
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Pahuja M, Akhtar KH, Krishan S, Nasir YM, Généreux P, Stavrakis S, Dasari TW. Neuromodulation Therapies in Heart Failure: A State-of-the-Art Review. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR ANGIOGRAPHY & INTERVENTIONS 2023; 2:101199. [PMID: 39131073 PMCID: PMC11307467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) continues to impact the population globally with increasing prevalence. While the pathophysiology of HF is quite complex, the dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, as evident in heightened sympathetic activity, serves as an attractive pathophysiological target for newer therapies and HF. The degree of neurohormonal activation has been found to correlate to the severity of symptoms, decline in functional capacity, and mortality. Neuromodulation of the autonomic nervous system aims to restore the balance between sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Given that autonomic dysregulation plays a major role in the development and progression of HF, restoring this balance may potentially have an impact on the core pathophysiological mechanisms and various HF syndromes. Autonomic modulation has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy aimed at reduction of systemic inflammation. Such therapies, complementary to drug and device-based therapies may lead to improved patient outcomes and reduce disease burden. Most professional societies currently do not provide a clear recommendation on the use of neuromodulation techniques in HF. These include direct and indirect vagal nerve stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, baroreflex activation therapy, carotid sinus stimulation, aortic arch stimulation, splanchnic nerve modulation, cardiopulmonary nerve stimulation, and renal sympathetic nerve denervation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of neuromodulation in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Pahuja
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Khawaja Hassan Akhtar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Satyam Krishan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Yusra Minahil Nasir
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Philippe Généreux
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Heart Rhythm Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tarun W. Dasari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Heart Rhythm Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Tah S, Valderrama M, Afzal M, Iqbal J, Farooq A, Lak MA, Gostomczyk K, Jami E, Kumar M, Sundaram A, Sharifa M, Arain M. Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: An Evolving Understanding. Cureus 2023; 15:e46152. [PMID: 37900404 PMCID: PMC10613100 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a clinical syndrome in which patients have signs and symptoms of HF due to high left ventricular (LV) filling pressure despite normal or near normal LV ejection fraction. It is more common than HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and its diagnosis and treatment are more challenging than HFrEF. Although hypertension is the primary risk factor, coronary artery disease and other comorbidities, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and obesity, also play an essential role in its formation. This review summarizes current knowledge about HFpEF, its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, current treatments, and promising novel treatments. It is essential to continue to be updated on the latest treatments for HFpEF so that patients always receive the most therapeutic treatments. The use of GnRH agonists in the management of HFpEF, infusion of Apo a-I nanoparticle, low-level transcutaneous vagal stimulation (LLTS), and estrogen only in post-menopausal women are promising strategies to prevent diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF; however, there is still no proven curative treatment for HFpEF yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunanda Tah
- Surgery, Beckley Appalachian Regional Healthcare (ARH) Hospital, Beckley, USA
- Surgery, Saint James School of Medicine, Arnos Vale, VCT
| | | | - Maham Afzal
- Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Aisha Farooq
- Internal Medicine, Dr. Ruth Pfau Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Karol Gostomczyk
- Medicine, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, POL
| | - Elhama Jami
- Internal Medicine, Herat Regional Hospital, Herat, AFG
| | | | | | | | - Mustafa Arain
- Internal Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
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10
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Mamdouh Hashiesh H, Sheikh A, Meeran MFN, Saraswathiamma D, Jha NK, Sadek B, Adeghate E, Tariq S, Al Marzooqi S, Ojha S. β-Caryophyllene, a Dietary Phytocannabinoid, Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Activating Cannabinoid Type-2 Receptors. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1129-1142. [PMID: 37588762 PMCID: PMC10425997 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its associated complications are considered one of the major health risks globally. Among numerous complications, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by increased accumulation of lipids and reduced glucose utilization following abnormal lipid metabolism in the myocardium along with oxidative stress, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation that eventually result in cardiac dysfunction. The abnormal metabolism of lipids plays a fundamental role in cardiac lipotoxicity following the occurrence and development of DCM. Recently, it has been revealed that cannabinoid type-2 (CB2) receptors, an essential component of the endocannabinoid system, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity, hyperlipidemia, and DM. Provided the role of CB2R in regulating the glucolipid metabolic dysfunction and its antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory activities, we carried out the current study to investigate the protective effects of a selective CB2R agonist, β-caryophyllene (BCP), a natural dietary cannabinoid in the murine model of DCM and elucidated the underlying pharmacological and molecular mechanisms. Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) to induce the model of DCM. BCP (50 mg/kg body weight) was given orally for 12 weeks. AM630, a CB2R antagonist, was given 30 min before BCP treatment to demonstrate the CB2R-dependent mechanism of BCP. DCM mice exhibited hyperglycemia, increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, impaired cardiac function, and hypertrophy. In addition, DCM mice showed alternations in serum lipids and increased oxidative stress concomitant to reduced antioxidant defenses and enhanced cardiac lipid accumulation in the diabetic heart. DCM mice also exhibited activation of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling and triggered the production of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzyme mediators. However, treatment with BCP exerted remarkable protective effects by favorable modulation of the biochemical and molecular parameters, which were altered in DCM mice. Interestingly, pretreatment with AM630 abrogated the protective effects of BCP in DCM mice. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrate that BCP possesses the capability to mitigate the progression of DCM by inhibition of lipotoxicity-mediated cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation and favorable modulation of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways mediating the CB2R-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Azimullah Sheikh
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dhanya Saraswathiamma
- Department
of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department
of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Tariq
- Department
of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates
| | - Saeeda Al Marzooqi
- Department
of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin
Sultan Center for Health Sciences, College
of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box: 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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11
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Cui H, Han S, Dai Y, Xie W, Zheng R, Sun Y, Xia X, Deng X, Cao Y, Zhang M, Shang H. Gut microbiota and integrative traditional Chinese and western medicine in prevention and treatment of heart failure. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 117:154885. [PMID: 37302262 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multiple cardiovascular diseases, with high mortality and morbidity. More and more studies have proved that gut microbiota may play a role in the process of HF, which is expected to become a new therapeutic target. The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has vast therapeutic potential of complementation against HF. PURPOSE This manuscript expounds on the research progress of mechanisms of gut microbiota participating in the occurrence and prognosis of HF and the role of integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine from 1987 to 2022. The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of HF from the perspective of gut microbiota has been discussed. METHODS Studies focusing on the effects and their mechanisms of gut microbiota in HF and the role of integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine were identified and summarized, including contributions from February 1987 until August 2022. The investigation was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases up to April 2023 by using the relevant keywords and operators. RESULTS A total of 34 articles were finally included in this review.16 RCTs and 13 basic researches, and 3 clinical research studies involving 7 relevant outcome indicators(cardiac function evaluation index, changes in gut microbiota, inflammatory factors, metabolites of gut microbiota, serum nutritional index protein, quality of life score, intestinal permeability and all-cause mortality). Compared with healthy controls, serum TNF-α and TMAO levels were significantly higher in patients with heart failure [MD = 5.77, 95%CI(4.97, 6.56), p < 0.0001; SMD = 1.92, 95%CI(1.70, 2.14), p < 0.0001]. Escherichia coli and Thick-walled bacteria increased significantly [SMD = -0.99, 95%CI(-1.38, -0.61), p < 0.0001, SMD = 2.58, 95%CI(2.23, 2.93), p < 0.0001];The number of bacteroides and lactobacillus decreased [SMD = -2.29, 95%CI(-2.54, -2.04), p < 0.0001; SMD = -1.55, 95%CI(-1.8, -1.3), p < 0.0001]. There was no difference in bifidobacterium [SMD = 0.16, 95%CI(-0.22, 0.54), p = 0.42]. In the published literature, it is not difficult to see that most of the results are studied and proved based on animal experiments or clinical trials, involving the cellular level, while the mechanism and mode of action of the molecular biology of traditional Chinese medicine are less elaborated, which is related to the characteristics of multi-components and multi-targets of traditional Chinese medicine. The above are the shortcomings of published literature, which can also be the direction of future research. CONCLUSION Heart failure patients have decreased beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus mimics and Lactobacillus in the intestinal flora and increased harmful flora like thick-walled flora. And increase the inflammatory response of the body and the expression of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in the serum. And The prevention and treatment of integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine against heart failure based on gut microbiota and its metabolites is a promising research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Songjie Han
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanan Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wei Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaopeng Deng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yaru Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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12
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Mitrović J, Hrkač S, Tečer J, Golob M, Ljilja Posavec A, Kolar Mitrović H, Grgurević L. Pathogenesis of Extraarticular Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis-A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051262. [PMID: 37238933 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is among the most prevalent and debilitating autoimmune inflammatory chronic diseases. Although it is primarily characterized by destructive peripheral arthritis, it is a systemic disease, and RA-related extraarticular manifestations (EAMs) can affect almost every organ, exhibit a multitude of clinical presentations, and can even be asymptomatic. Importantly, EAMs largely contribute to the quality of life and mortality of RA patients, particularly substantially increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is the leading cause of death in RA patients. In spite of known risk factors related to EAM development, a more in-depth understanding of its pathophysiology is lacking. Improved knowledge of EAMs and their comparison to the pathogenesis of arthritis in RA could lead to a better understanding of RA inflammation overall and its initial phases. Taking into account that RA is a disorder that has many faces and that each person experiences it and responds to treatments differently, gaining a better understanding of the connections between the joint and extra-joint manifestations could help to create new treatments and improve the overall approach to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joško Mitrović
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stela Hrkač
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Tečer
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Majda Golob
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anja Ljilja Posavec
- Polyclinic for the Respiratory Tract Diseases, Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Helena Kolar Mitrović
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Zagreb University Hospital Center, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovorka Grgurević
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, "Drago Perovic", School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Yang Y, Xu Y, Qian S, Tang T, Wang K, Feng J, Ding R, Yao J, Huang J, Wang J. Systematic investigation of the multi-scale mechanisms of herbal medicine on treating ventricular remodeling: Theoretical and experimental studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154706. [PMID: 36796187 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the underlying molecule mechanism of herbal medicine in preventing ventricular remodeling (VR), we take a herbal formula that is clinically effective for preventing VR as an example, which composed of Pachyma hoelen Rumph, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Cassia Twig and Licorice. Due to multi-components and multi-targets in herbal medicine, it is extremely difficult to systematically explain its mechanisms of action. METHODS An innovative systematic investigation framework which combines with pharmacokinetic screening, target fishing, network pharmacology, DeepDDI algorithm, computational chemistry, molecular thermodynamics, in vivo and in vitro experiments was performed for deciphering the underlying molecular mechanisms of herbal medicine for treating VR. RESULTS ADME screening and SysDT algorithm determined 75 potentially active compounds and 109 corresponding targets. Then, systematic analysis of networks reveals the crucial active ingredients and key targets in herbal medicine. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis identifies 33 key regulators during VR progression. Moreover, PPI network and biological function enrichment present four crucial signaling pathways, i.e. NF-κB and TNF, PI3K-AKT and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathways involved in VR. Besides, both molecular experiments at animal and cell levels reveal the beneficial effect of herbal medicine on preventing VR. Finally, MD simulations and binding free energy validate the reliability of drug-target interactions. CONCLUSION Our novelty is to build a systematic strategy which combines various theoretical methods combined with experimental approaches. This strategy provides a deep understanding for the study of molecular mechanisms of herbal medicine on treating diseases from systematic level, and offers a new idea for modern medicine to explore drug interventions for complex diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Shanna Qian
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Tongjuan Tang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Kangyong Wang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jie Feng
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Ran Ding
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Juan Yao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China.
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China.
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14
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Edes AN, Brown JL, Edwards KL. Evaluating individual biomarkers for predicting health risks in zoo-housed chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus). Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23457. [PMID: 36537335 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although biomarkers are often used for predicting morbidity and mortality in humans, similar data are lacking in our closest relatives. This study analyzed 16 biomarkers in zoo-housed chimpanzees and bonobos from serum samples collected during both routine and nonroutine veterinary immobilizations. Generalized linear and generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the efficacy of each biomarker to predict all-cause morbidity, defined as the presence of at least one chronic condition, or cardiac disease as a subset of all-cause morbidity. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between biomarkers and mortality risk from any cause. Analyses were conducted using two data sets for each species, one with all values retained (chimpanzees: n = 148; bonobos: n = 33) and the other from samples collected during routine immobilizations only (chimpanzees: n = 95; bonobos: n = 23). Consistent results across both data sets in chimpanzees included associations of higher cortisol with all-cause morbidity risk, lower creatinine with cardiac disease risk, and higher creatinine with mortality risk, and in bonobos were increased cardiac disease risk with higher cortisol and lower dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, fructosamine, and triglycerides. However, there were some inconsistencies between data sets, such as tumor necrosis factor-α predicting mortality risk positively in chimpanzees when all values were retained, but negatively for routine values only. Despite the close evolutionary relationships between chimpanzees and bonobos, the only result observed in both species was a negative association between albumin and mortality risk in the all values retained data sets. Thus, data suggest some biomarkers may be useful predictors of future health outcomes, although a better understanding of both individual and species variation in biomarkers and their contribution to health risks is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Edes
- Department of Reproductive and Behavioral Sciences, Saint Louis Zoo, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.,Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, USA
| | - Janine L Brown
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, USA
| | - Katie L Edwards
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, USA.,Conservation Science and Policy, North of England Zoological Society, Chester Zoo, Upton by Chester, UK
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15
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Rosenblum SL. Inflammation, dysregulated iron metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1124178. [PMID: 36816471 PMCID: PMC9935942 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1124178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element associated with both pathologic deficiency and toxic overload. Thus, systemic and cell iron metabolism are highly controlled processes regulated by protein expression and localization, as well as turnover, through the action of cytokines and iron status. Iron metabolism in the heart is challenging because both iron overload and deficiency are associated with cardiac disease. Also associated with cardiovascular disease is inflammation, as many cardiac diseases are caused by or include an inflammatory component. In addition, iron metabolism and inflammation are closely linked. Hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron metabolism, is induced by the cytokine IL-6 and as such is among the acute phase proteins secreted by the liver as part of the inflammatory response. In an inflammatory state, systemic iron homeostasis is dysregulated, commonly resulting in hypoferremia, or low serum iron. Less well characterized is cardiac iron metabolism in general, and even less is known about how inflammation impacts heart iron handling. This review highlights what is known with respect to iron metabolism in the heart. Expression of iron metabolism-related proteins and processes of iron uptake and efflux in these cell types are outlined. Evidence for the strong co-morbid relationship between inflammation and cardiac disease is also reviewed. Known connections between inflammatory processes and iron metabolism in the heart are discussed with the goal of linking inflammation and iron metabolism in this tissue, a connection that has been relatively under-appreciated as a component of heart function in an inflammatory state. Therapeutic options connecting inflammation and iron balance are emphasized, with the main goal of this review being to bring attention to alterations in iron balance as a component of inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular system.
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16
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Wu Y, Chen L, Zhong F, Zhou K, Lu C, Cheng X, Wang S. Cognitive impairment in patients with heart failure: molecular mechanism and therapy. Heart Fail Rev 2023:10.1007/s10741-022-10289-9. [PMID: 36593370 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with multiple organ dysfunction and many comorbidities. Its incidence is high among the elderly and is a major health burden worldwide. Cognitive impairment (CI) is highly prevalent in older patients with HF, which is an abnormality in one or more of the items of cognition, attention, memory, language, psychomotor function, and visual spatial acuity. Studies have shown that the incidence of CI in HF patients is between 13 and 54%, and patients with both conditions have poor self-care ability and prognosis, as well as increased mortality rates. However, the mechanisms of CI development in HF patients are still unclear. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and risk factors as well as measures of improving CI in HF patients. We update the latest pathophysiological mechanisms related to the neurocognitive changes in HF patients, expounding on the mechanisms associated with the development of CI in HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyi Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Borshchev YY, Sonin DL, Burovenko IY, Borshchev VY, Cheburkin YV, Borshcheva OV, Galagudza MM. The Effect of Probiotic Strains on Myocardial Infarction Size, Biochemical and Immunological Parameters in Rats with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Polymorbidity. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022; 58:2058-2069. [PMID: 36573161 PMCID: PMC9773675 DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022060321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown the effectiveness of various probiotic strains in metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal and liver diseases, immune system pathology. The effects of probiotics on cardiovascular dysfunction are less well known. The development and validation of a new experimental model in rats, including obesity, acute colon inflammation and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, with common characteristics of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), became the basis for investigating the effects of probiotic drugs on myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) using an in vivo model of infarction after coronary occlusion. A 24% increase in myocardial infarction compared to intact animals (p < 0.05) and significant changes in leukogram, biochemical and immunological parameters were found in Wistar rats with SIRS modelling. Introduction of a mixture of strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12) to animals with SIRS reduced infarct size to a value close to the control. Rats treated with LA-5 and BB-12 also showed normalization of the leukocyte count, bile acids, transforming growth factor-β, interleukins: IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, lipopolysaccharide and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in blood in comparison with the SIRS group and with the groups treated with other probiotic strains. The obtained data convincingly show the prospects for further study of the cardiotropic potential of probiotic microorganisms in translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu. Yu. Borshchev
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D. L. Sonin
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I. Yu. Burovenko
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. Yu. Borshchev
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu. V. Cheburkin
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O. V. Borshcheva
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. M. Galagudza
- Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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18
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Signaling Pathways in Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update of Therapeutic Strategies. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes represent a pivotal element in the development and complications of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Targeting these processes can lead to the alleviation of cardiomyocyte (CM) injury and the increase of reparative mechanisms. Loss of CMs from inflammation-associated cardiac diseases often results in heart failure (HF). Evidence of the crosstalk between nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), Hippo, and mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been reported in manifold immune responses and cardiac pathologies. Since these signaling cascades regulate a broad array of biological tasks in diverse cell types, their misregulation is responsible for the pathogenesis of many cardiac and vascular disorders, including cardiomyopathies and atherosclerosis. In response to a myriad of proinflammatory cytokines, which induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, several molecular mechanisms are activated within the heart to inaugurate the structural remodeling of the organ. This review provides a global landscape of intricate protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks between key constituents of NF-κB, Hippo, and mTOR signaling pathways as quintessential targetable candidates for the therapy of cardiovascular and inflammation-related diseases.
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19
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Ikeda M, Ide T, Matsushima S, Ikeda S, Okabe K, Ishikita A, Tadokoro T, Sada M, Abe K, Sato M, Hanada A, Arai S, Ohtani K, Nonami A, Mizuno S, Morimoto S, Motohashi S, Akashi K, Taniguchi M, Tsutsui H. Immunomodulatory Cell Therapy Using αGalCer-Pulsed Dendritic Cells Ameliorates Heart Failure in a Murine Dilated Cardiomyopathy Model. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e009366. [PMID: 36268712 PMCID: PMC9760469 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.009366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a life-threatening disease, resulting in refractory heart failure. An immune disorder underlies the pathophysiology associated with heart failure progression. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell activation is a prospective therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease. However, its efficacy in nonischemic cardiomyopathy, such as DCM, remains to be elucidated, and the feasible modality for iNKT cell activation in humans is yet to be validated. METHODS Dendritic cells isolated from human volunteers were pulsed with α-galactosylceramide ex vivo, which were used as α-galactosylceramide-pulsed dendritic cells (αGCDCs). We treated DCM mice harboring mutated troponin TΔK210/ΔK210 with αGCDCs and evaluated the efficacy of iNKT cell activation on heart failure in DCM mice. Furthermore, we investigated the molecular basis underlying its therapeutic effects in these mice and analyzed primary cardiac cells under iNKT cell-secreted cytokines. RESULTS The number of iNKT cells in the spleens of DCM mice was reduced compared with that in wild-type mice, whereas αGCDC treatment activated iNKT cells, prolonged survival of DCM mice, and prevented decline in the left ventricular ejection fraction for 4 weeks, accompanied by suppressed interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, αGCDC treatment suppressed TGF (transforming growth factor)-β signaling and expression of fibrotic genes and restored vasculature that was impaired in DCM hearts by upregulating angiopoietin 1 (Angpt1) expression. Consistently, IFNγ (interferon gamma) suppressed TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 signaling and the expression of fibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts and upregulated Angpt1 expression in cardiomyocytes via Stat1. CONCLUSIONS Immunomodulatory cell therapy with αGCDCs is a novel therapeutic strategy for heart failure in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Immunoregulatory Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Immunoregulatory Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shouji Matsushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ikeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tadokoro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ko Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Midori Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Hanada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinobu Arai
- Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan (S.A.)
| | - Kisho Ohtani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nonami
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Shinichi Mizuno
- Department of Health Sciences (S. Mizuno), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachio Morimoto
- Department of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan (S. Morimoto)
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan (S. Motohashi)
| | - Koichi Akashi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science (K. Akashi), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Taniguchi
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan (M.T.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology (M.I., T.I., S.M., S.I., K.O., A.I., T.T., M.S., K. Abe, M.S., A.H., K.O., H.T.), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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20
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Feng W, Wang Z, Shi L. Effects of the Dectin-2/TNF- α Pathway on Ventricular Arrhythmia after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2521816. [PMID: 35990845 PMCID: PMC9388250 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2521816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory responses are involved in ischemic injuries and cardiac repair after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Dectin-2 is a C-type lectin receptor that induces cytokine production and promotes local inflammatory responses. Methods Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to a sham-surgery group, AMI group, or AMI + etanercept group, with 20 mice in each group. Programmed electrical stimulation (PES) was used to anesthetized mice to induce ventricular tachycardia. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis were adopted to determine the expression and distribution of dectin-2 in heart tissues. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-5 levels in the serum were determined using ELISAs. Results The expression of dectin-2 and TNF-α was increased in the myocardium in AMI, and the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia (VA) was increased. The induction rate of VA was significantly decreased by etanercept. Compared with those in the sham-surgery group, the AMI group showed significantly higher serum TNF-α and IFN-γ levels and lower IL-4 and IL-5levels. Conclusion Dectin-2 intensifies the activation of the TNF-α immune reaction through the Th1 differentiation, which may increase vulnerability to VA in AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Leilei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Langfang Fourth People's Hospital, Langfang, China
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The cardiac immune landscape dynamically changes in response to aging, hemodynamic stress, and myocardial injury. Here, we highlight key cardiac immune cell types, their role in reshaping the cellular landscape and promoting tissue remodeling following cardiac insults, and how understanding of these processes uncovers novel disease mechanisms that contribute to cardiac pathology. RECENT FINDINGS Distinct subsets of cardiac macrophages reside within the heart and exhibit divergent functions in response to myocardial injury. Parsing cardiac macrophages based on developmental origin has served as a valuable approach to define functionally divergent populations of reparative (embryonic-derived, tissue resident) and inflammatory (monocyte-derived, recruited) cardiac macrophages. Single-cell transcriptomics and elucidation of the effector mechanisms that orchestrate macrophage functions has provided new and therapeutically tractable insights into the pathogenesis of numerous cardiac diseases. The immune landscape of the heart is dynamic and represents an important mediator of disease pathogenesis across an array of cardiac pathology. Elucidation of mechanisms that drive inflammatory monocyte/macrophage recruitment, activation, and effector responses may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Jimenez
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Campus, Box 8086, St. Louis, MT, 63110, USA
| | - Kory J Lavine
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Campus, Box 8086, St. Louis, MT, 63110, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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22
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Cornuault L, Rouault P, Duplàa C, Couffinhal T, Renault MA. Endothelial Dysfunction in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: What are the Experimental Proofs? Front Physiol 2022; 13:906272. [PMID: 35874523 PMCID: PMC9304560 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.906272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been recognized as the greatest single unmet need in cardiovascular medicine. Indeed, the morbi-mortality of HFpEF is high and as the population ages and the comorbidities increase, so considerably does the prevalence of HFpEF. However, HFpEF pathophysiology is still poorly understood and therapeutic targets are missing. An unifying, but untested, theory of the pathophysiology of HFpEF, proposed in 2013, suggests that cardiovascular risk factors lead to a systemic inflammation, which triggers endothelial cells (EC) and coronary microvascular dysfunction. This cardiac small vessel disease is proposed to be responsible for cardiac wall stiffening and diastolic dysfunction. This paradigm is based on the fact that microvascular dysfunction is highly prevalent in HFpEF patients. More specifically, HFpEF patients have been shown to have decreased cardiac microvascular density, systemic endothelial dysfunction and a lower mean coronary flow reserve. Importantly, impaired coronary microvascular function has been associated with the severity of HF. This review discusses evidence supporting the causal role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of HFpEF in human and experimental models.
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23
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Iravani Saadi M, Salami J, Abdi H, Kheradmand N, Nabi Bdolyousefi E, Torkamani M, Karimi Z, Agah S, Rahimian Z, Manafi A. Expression of interleukin 1, interleukin 27, and TNF α genes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: A case-control study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e701. [PMID: 35782303 PMCID: PMC9234474 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Congestive heart failure is a complex multifactorial syndrome due to tissue hypoperfusion that is affected by some factors like inflammatory cytokines. In our study, we investigated the exact gene expression of three inflammatory cytokines in ischemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy patients. Methods From 49 studied recipients in the ischemic group, 23 (46.9%) were male and from 40 studied recipients in the idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy group, 19 (47.5%) were male. For the quantitative analysis of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-27, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α messenger RNAs expression level, the SYBR Green real-time polymerase chain reaction method was performed using SYBRPremix Ex TaqTM II (Tli RNaseH Plus; Takara) and designed primers specific for each gene in an iQ5 thermocycler (BioRad Laboratories) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results Our results showed that the expression level of IL-1 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the ischemic patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively); also, we found higher levels of IL-1 and IL-27 gene expressions in idiopathic patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). There were not any significant differences in IL-1, IL-27, and TNF-α expression levels between ischemic patients and idiopathic ones. Conclusion Although we would introduce IL-1, IL-27, and TNF-α as effective inflammatory cytokines on myocardial functions in ischemic and idiopathic cardiomyopathy patients, there is not any difference between these two groups in gene expression of three main inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Salami
- Department of NursingShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Hanieh Abdi
- Student Research CommitteeShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Nadiya Kheradmand
- Colorectal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mahmoud Torkamani
- Colorectal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zahed Karimi
- Colorectal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zahra Rahimian
- Student Research CommitteeShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Alireza Manafi
- Student Research CommitteeShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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24
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Moutabian H, Ghahramani-Asl R, Mortezazadeh T, Laripour R, Narmani A, Zamani H, Ataei G, Bagheri H, Farhood B, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. The cardioprotective effects of nano-curcumin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review. Biofactors 2022; 48:597-610. [PMID: 35080781 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin, is commonly used to treat various malignant tumors, its clinical use is restricted because of its toxicity especially cardiotoxicity. The use of curcumin may alleviate some of the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic effects. Especially, using the nano-formulation of curcumin can overcome the poor bioavailability of curcumin and enhance its physicochemical properties regarding its efficacy. In this study, we systematically reviewed the potential cardioprotective effects of nano-curcumin against the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. A systematic search was accomplished based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for the identification of all relevant articles on "the role of nano-curcumin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity" in the electronic databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science up to July 2021. One hundred and sixty-nine articles were screened following a predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten eligible scientific papers were finally included in the present systematic review. The administration of doxorubicin reduced the body and heart weights of mice/rats compared to the control groups. In contrast, the combined treatment of doxorubicin and nano-curcumin increased the body and heart weights of animals compared with the doxorubicin-treated groups alone. Furthermore, doxorubicin could significantly induce the biochemical and histological changes in the cardiac tissue; however, coadministration of nano-curcumin formulation demonstrated a pattern opposite to the doxorubicin-induced changes. The coadministration of nano-curcumin alleviates the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through various mechanisms including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Also, the cardioprotective effect of nano-curcumin formulation against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was higher than free curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruhollah Ghahramani-Asl
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Tohid Mortezazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Laripour
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Narmani
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Zamani
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ataei
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School (HYMS), The University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
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25
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Kumar P, Lim A, Poh SL, Hazirah SN, Chua CJH, Sutamam NB, Arkachaisri T, Yeo JG, Kofidis T, Sorokin V, Lam CSP, Richards AM, Albani S. Pro-Inflammatory Derangement of the Immuno-Interactome in Heart Failure. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817514. [PMID: 35371099 PMCID: PMC8964981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (HF) is a syndrome of heterogeneous etiology associated with multiple co-morbidities. Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the pathophysiology of HF. Heterogeneity and lack of data on the immune mechanism(s) contributing to HF may partially underlie the failure of clinical trials targeting inflammatory mediators. We studied the Immunome in HF cohort using mass cytometry and used data-driven systems immunology approach to discover and characterize modulated immune cell subsets from peripheral blood. We showed cytotoxic and inflammatory innate lymphoid and myeloid cells were expanded in HF patients compared to healthy controls. Network analysis showed highly modular and centralized immune cell architecture in healthy control immune cell network. In contrast, the HF immune cell network showed greater inter-cellular communication and less modular structure. Furthermore, we found, as an immune mechanism specific to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), an increase in inflammatory MAIT and CD4 T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavanish Kumar
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amanda Lim
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Li Poh
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharifah Nur Hazirah
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Camillus Jian Hui Chua
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nursyuhadah Binte Sutamam
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thaschawee Arkachaisri
- Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joo Guan Yeo
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Theo Kofidis
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The National University Health System (NUHS) Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular Academic Clinical Program, Singapore, Singapore.,National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- The National University Health System (NUHS) Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Shati AA, Zaki MSA, Alqahtani YA, Haidara MA, Alshehri MA, Dawood AF, Eid RA. Intermittent Short-Duration Re-oxygenation Attenuates Cardiac Changes in Response to Hypoxia: Histological, Ultrastructural and Oxidant/Antioxidant Parameters. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10150. [PMID: 35996511 PMCID: PMC9302540 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2022.10150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Context: Intermittent short-duration re-oxygenation attenuates cardiac changes in response to hypoxia. Objective: To see if intermittent short-duration re-oxygenation may protect the heart muscle from hypoxia damage. Materials and Methods: Eighteen albino rats were used to carry out the study. Rats divided into: (normoxia); rats exposed to room air as a control, second (hypoxic) group; rats subjected to a pressure of 405 mmHg in a hypobaric chamber to simulate hypoxia at 5,000 m, and third (intermittent short-duration re-oxygenation); rats exposed to room air three times per day. Experiments were all 14 days long. Results: Hypoxia enhanced the oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde while lowering the antioxidant superoxide dismutase . The levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the myocardium were elevated in hypoxic hearts. The hypoxic rats’ cardiac myofibrils showed disarray of muscle fibres, vacuolation of the sarcoplasm, pyknosis of the nucleus, and expansion of intercellular gaps on histological examination. In addition, cardiomyocytes showed degenerative defects in ventricular myocardial cells on ultrastructural analysis. Myofibril thinning and degenerative mitochondrial changes affected intercalated discs with fascia adherent, desmosomes, and gap junction. Intermittent short-duration re-oxygenation improve cardiac histological, ultrastructural and oxidant/antioxidant parameters changes during hypoxia. Conclusion: Hypoxia showed a substantial impact on myocardial architecture, as well as increased oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Intermittent short-duration re-oxygenation significantly decreases hypoxia-induced cardiac changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayed A. Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Samir A. Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mohamed Samir A. Zaki,
| | - Youssef A. Alqahtani
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Haidara
- Department of Physiology, Kasr al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F. Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Al-Kindi S, Zidar DA. COVID-lateral damage: cardiovascular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Transl Res 2022; 241:25-40. [PMID: 34780967 PMCID: PMC8588575 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early in the pandemic, concern that cardiovascular effects would accompany COVID-19 was fueled by lessons from the first SARS epidemic, knowledge that the SARS-COV2 entry receptor (Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2) is highly expressed in the heart, early reports of myocarditis, and first-hand accounts by physicians caring for those with severe COVID-19. Over 18 months, our understanding of the cardiovascular manifestations has expanded greatly, leaving more new questions than those conclusively answered. Cardiac involvement is common (∼20%) but not uniformly observed in those who require treatment in a hospitalized setting. Cardiac MRI studies raise the possibility of manifestations in those with minimal symptoms. Some appear to experience protracted cardiovascular symptoms as part of a larger syndrome of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Instances of vaccine induced thrombosis and myocarditis are exceedingly rare but illustrate the need to monitor the cardiovascular safety of interventions that induce inflammation. Here, we will summarize the current understanding of potential cardiovascular manifestations of SARS-COV2. To provide proper context, paradigms of cardiovascular injury due to other inflammatory processes will also be discussed. Ongoing research and a deeper understanding COVID-19 may ultimately reveal new insight into the mechanistic underpinnings of cardiovascular disease. Thus, in this time of unprecedented suffering and risk to global health, there exists the opportunity that well conducted translational research of SARS-COV2 may provide health dividends that outlast the current pandemic.
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Key Words
- ace2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- pasc, post-acute sequelae of covid-19
- cvd, cardiovascular disease
- tnf, tumor necrosis factor
- pamp, pathogen associated molecular patterns
- damps, damage associated molecular patterns
- car-t, chimeric antigen receptor therapy
- dvt, deep venous thrombosis
- tf, tissue factor
- psgl, p-selectin glycoprotein ligand
- nets, neutrophil extracellular traps
- lv, left ventricular
- crp, c-reactive protein
- lge, late gadolinium enhancement
- cbv, coxsackie virus b
- b19v, parvovirus b12
- car, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor
- ns1, nonstructural protein 1
- ec, endothelial cells
- scrnaseq, single cell rna sequencing
- embx, endomyocardial biopsy
- tte, transthoracic echocardiograms
- rv, right ventricular
- gls, global longitudinal strain
- hscrp, high sensitivity c-reative protein
- vitt, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia
- dtap, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio
- vaers, vaccine adverse event reporting system
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David A Zidar
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio; Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
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28
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In Vitro and In Vivo Cardioprotective Effects of Curcumin against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7277562. [PMID: 35237323 PMCID: PMC8885194 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7277562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to review the potential chemoprotective effects of curcumin against the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods According to the PRISMA guideline, a comprehensive systematic search was performed in different electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) up to July 2021. One hundred and sixty-four studies were screened in accordance with a predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eighteen eligible articles were finally included in the current systematic review. Results According to the in vitro and in vivo findings, it was found that doxorubicin administration leads to decreased cell survival, increased mortality, decreased bodyweight, heart weight, and heart to the bodyweight ratio compared to the control groups. However, curcumin cotreatment demonstrated an opposite pattern in comparison with the doxorubicin-treated groups alone. Other findings showed that doxorubicin significantly induces biochemical changes in the cardiac cells/tissue. Furthermore, the histological changes on the cardiac tissue were observed following doxorubicin treatment. Nevertheless, for most of the cases, these biochemical and histological changes mediated by doxorubicin were reversed near to control groups following curcumin coadministration. Conclusion It can be mentioned that coadministration of curcumin alleviates the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Curcumin exerts these cardioprotective effects through different mechanisms of antioxidant, antiapoptosis, and anti-inflammatory. Since the finding presented in this systematic review are based on in vitro and in vivo studies, suggesting the use of curcumin in cancer patients as a cardioprotector agent against cardiotoxicity mediated by doxorubicin requires further clinical studies.
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SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin prevents atherosclerotic and cardiac complications in experimental type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263285. [PMID: 35176041 PMCID: PMC8853531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is two to five times more prevalent in diabetic patients and is the leading cause of death. Therefore, identification of novel therapeutic strategies that reduce the risk of CVD is a research priority. Clinical trials showed that reduction in the relative risk of heart failure by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are partly beyond their glucose lowering effects, however, the molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Here we investigated the role of SGLT2i dapagliflozin (DAPA) in the prevention of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. Methods Type 1 diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (65 mg/bwkg, ip.) in adult, male Wistar rats. Following the onset of diabetes rats were treated for six weeks with DAPA (1 mg/bwkg/day, po.). Results DAPA decreased blood glucose levels (D: 37±2.7 vs. D+DAPA: 18±5.6 mmol/L; p<0.05) and prevented metabolic decline. Aortic intima-media thickening was mitigated by DAPA. DAPA abolished cardiac hypertrophy, and myocardial damage. Cardiac inflammation and fibrosis were also moderated after DAPA treatment. Conclusions These data support the preventive and protective role of SGLT2i in diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease. SGLT2i may provide novel therapeutic strategy to hinder the development of cardiovascular diseases in type 1 diabetes, thereby improve the outcomes.
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Park E, Griffin J, Bathon JM. Myocardial Dysfunction and Heart Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:184-199. [PMID: 34523821 PMCID: PMC8795468 DOI: 10.1002/art.41979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have almost twice the risk of heart failure (HF) as individuals without RA, even with adjustment for the presence of ischemic heart disease. Moreover, RA patients remain at a 2-fold higher risk of mortality from HF compared to non-RA patients. These observations suggest that RA-specific inflammatory pathways are significant contributors to this increased risk of HF. Herein we summarize the epidemiology of HF in RA patients, the differences in myocardial structure or function between RA patients and non-RA patients without clinical signs of HF, and data on the role of systemic and local inflammation in RA HF pathophysiology. We also discuss the impact of subduing inflammation through the use of RA disease-modifying therapies on HF and myocardial structure and function, emphasizing gaps in the literature and areas needing further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Park
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Jan Griffin
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Joan M Bathon
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
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31
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Pathophysiology of heart failure and an overview of therapies. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ramesh P, Yeo JL, Brady EM, McCann GP. Role of inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2022; 13:20420188221083530. [PMID: 35308180 PMCID: PMC8928358 DOI: 10.1177/20420188221083530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached a pandemic scale. Systemic chronic inflammation dominates the diabetes pathophysiology and has been implicated as a causal factor for the development of vascular complications. Heart failure (HF) is regarded as the most common cardiovascular complication of T2D and the diabetic diagnosis is an independent risk factor for HF development. Key molecular mechanisms pivotal to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy include the NF-κB pathway and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, in addition to advanced glycation end product accumulation and inflammatory interleukin overexpression. Chronic myocardial inflammation in T2D mediates structural and metabolic changes, including cardiomyocyte apoptosis, impaired calcium handling, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, all of which contribute to the diabetic HF phenotype. Advanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has emerged as a gold standard non-invasive tool to delineate myocardial structural and functional changes. This review explores the role of chronic inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy and the ability of CMR to identify inflammation-mediated myocardial sequelae, such as oedema and diffuse fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Ramesh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | | | - Emer M. Brady
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Gerry P. McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Adu-Amankwaah J, Adzika GK, Adekunle AO, Ndzie Noah ML, Mprah R, Bushi A, Akhter N, Huang F, Xu Y, Adzraku SY, Nadeem I, Sun H. ADAM17, A Key Player of Cardiac Inflammation and Fibrosis in Heart Failure Development During Chronic Catecholamine Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:732952. [PMID: 34966735 PMCID: PMC8710811 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.732952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure development is characterized by persistent inflammation and progressive fibrosis owing to chronic catecholamine stress. In a chronic stress state, elevated catecholamines result in the overstimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (βARs), specifically β2-AR coupling with Gαi protein. Gαi signaling increases the activation of receptor-stimulated p38 mitogen-activated-protein-kinases (p38 MAPKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). Phosphorylation by these kinases is a common way to positively regulate the catalytic activity of A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), a metalloprotease that has grown much attention in recent years and has emerged as a chief regulatory hub in inflammation, fibrosis, and immunity due to its vital proteolytic activity. ADAM17 cleaves and activates proinflammatory cytokines and fibrotic factors that enhance cardiac dysfunction via inflammation and fibrosis. However, there is limited information on the cardiovascular aspect of ADAM17, especially in heart failure. Hence, this concise review provides a comprehensive insight into the structure of ADAM17, how it is activated and regulated during chronic catecholamine stress in heart failure development. This review highlights the inflammatory and fibrotic roles of ADAM17’s substrates; Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), and amphiregulin (AREG). Finally, how ADAM17-induced chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis aggravate cardiac dysfunction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Richard Mprah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | - Nazma Akhter
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Xu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Seyram Yao Adzraku
- Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Iqra Nadeem
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Shati AA, Zaki MSA, Alqahtani YA, Haidara MA, Al-Shraim M, Dawood AF, Eid RA. Potential Protective Effect of Vitamin C on Qunalphos-Induced Cardiac Toxicity: Histological and Tissue Biomarker Assay. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010039. [PMID: 35052719 PMCID: PMC8772816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insecticides and toxicants abound in nature, posing a health risk to humans. Concurrent exposure to many environmental contaminants has been demonstrated to harm myocardial performance and reduce cardiac oxidative stress. The purpose of this research was to study the protective effect of vitamin C (Vit C) on quinalphos (QP)-induced cardiac tissue damage in rats. Eighteen albino male rats were randomly categorised into three groups (n = 6). Control, QP group: rats received distilled water. QP insecticide treatment: an oral administration of QP incorporated in drinking water. QP + Vit C group: rats received QP and Vit C. All the experiments were conducted for ten days. Decline of cardiac antioxidant biomarkers catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GPx) along with increased proinflammatory markers tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) indicated oxidative and inflammatory damage to the heart following administration of QP when compared to control rats. The light microscopic and ultrastructure appearance of QP-treated cardiomyocytes exhibited cardiac damage. Administration of Vit C showed decreased oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers, confirmed with histological and electron microscopic examination. In conclusion, Vit C protected the heart from QP-induced cardiac damage due to decreased inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayed A. Shati
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.S.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed Samir A. Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig P.O. Box 31527, Egypt
| | - Youssef A. Alqahtani
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.S.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed A. Haidara
- Department of Physiology, Kasr al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo P.O. Box 11519, Egypt;
| | - Mubarak Al-Shraim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal F. Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 62529, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-502-500-041
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Mascolo A, di Mauro G, Cappetta D, De Angelis A, Torella D, Urbanek K, Berrino L, Nicoletti GF, Capuano A, Rossi F. Current and future therapeutic perspective in chronic heart failure. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106035. [PMID: 34915125 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure is primarily flat or declining for a presumably reflecting better management of cardiovascular diseases, but that of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is probably increasing for the lack of an established effective treatment. Moreover, there is no specific pharmacological treatment for patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) since no substantial prospective randomized clinical trial has been performed exclusively in such population. According to the recent 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, the triad composed of an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNI), a beta-blocker, and a Mineralcorticoid Receptor Antagonist is the cornerstone therapy for all patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but a substantial gap exists for patients with HFpEF/HFmrEF. Despite the important role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in heart failure pathophysiology, RAAS blockers were found ineffective for HFpEF patients. Indeed, even the new drug class of ARNI was found effective only in HFrEF patients. In this regard, a therapeutic alternative may be represented by drug stimulating the non-classic RAAS (ACE2 and A1-7) as well as other emerging drug classes (such as SGLT2 inhibitors). Reflecting on this global health burden and the gap in treatments among heart failure phenotypes, we summarize the leading players of heart failure pathophysiology, the available pharmacological treatments for each heart failure phenotype, and that in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Mascolo
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gabriella di Mauro
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Donato Cappetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Torella
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Konrad Urbanek
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Liberato Berrino
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical Surgical and Dental Sciences, Napoli, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rossi
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
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36
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Szabo TM, Frigy A, Nagy EE. Targeting Mediators of Inflammation in Heart Failure: A Short Synthesis of Experimental and Clinical Results. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13053. [PMID: 34884857 PMCID: PMC8657742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has emerged as an important contributor to heart failure (HF) development and progression. Current research data highlight the diversity of immune cells, proteins, and signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of heart failure. Chronic inflammation is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Proinflammatory signaling molecules in HF initiate vicious cycles altering mitochondrial function and perturbing calcium homeostasis, therefore affecting myocardial contractility. Specific anti-inflammatory treatment represents a novel approach to prevent and slow HF progression. This review provides an update on the putative roles of inflammatory mediators involved in heart failure (tumor necrosis factor-alpha; interleukin 1, 6, 17, 18, 33) and currently available biological and non-biological therapy options targeting the aforementioned mediators and signaling pathways. We also highlight new treatment approaches based on the latest clinical and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Magdolna Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical County Hospital Mures, 540103 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Attila Frigy
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical County Hospital Mures, 540103 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540103 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Előd Ernő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Clinical County Hospital Mures, 540394 Targu Mures, Romania
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Wenzl FA, Ambrosini S, Mohammed SA, Kraler S, Lüscher TF, Costantino S, Paneni F. Inflammation in Metabolic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:742178. [PMID: 34671656 PMCID: PMC8520939 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.742178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Overlapping pandemics of lifestyle-related diseases pose a substantial threat to cardiovascular health. Apart from coronary artery disease, metabolic disturbances linked to obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes directly compromise myocardial structure and function through independent and shared mechanisms heavily involving inflammatory signals. Accumulating evidence indicates that metabolic dysregulation causes systemic inflammation, which in turn aggravates cardiovascular disease. Indeed, elevated systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolic substrates induce an inflammatory state in different cardiac cells and lead to subcellular alterations thereby promoting maladaptive myocardial remodeling. At the cellular level, inflammation-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired calcium handling, and lipotoxicity contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and dysfunction, extracellular matrix accumulation and microvascular disease. In cardiometabolic patients, myocardial inflammation is maintained by innate immune cell activation mediated by pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and downstream activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB-dependent pathways. Chronic low-grade inflammation progressively alters metabolic processes in the heart, leading to a metabolic cardiomyopathy (MC) phenotype and eventually to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In accordance with preclinical data, observational studies consistently showed increased inflammatory markers and cardiometabolic features in patients with HFpEF. Future treatment approaches of MC may target inflammatory mediators as they are closely intertwined with cardiac nutrient metabolism. Here, we review current evidence on inflammatory processes involved in the development of MC and provide an overview of nutrient and cytokine-driven pro-inflammatory effects stratified by cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shafeeq A Mohammed
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Viruses in the Heart: Direct and Indirect Routes to Myocarditis and Heart Failure. Viruses 2021; 13:v13101924. [PMID: 34696354 PMCID: PMC8537553 DOI: 10.3390/v13101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are an underappreciated cause of heart failure. Indeed, several types of viral infections carry cardiovascular risks. Understanding shared and unique mechanisms by which each virus compromises heart function is critical to inform on therapeutic interventions. This review describes how the key viruses known to lead to cardiac dysfunction operate. Both direct host-damaging mechanisms and indirect actions on the immune systems are discussed. As viral myocarditis is a key pathologic driver of heart failure in infected individuals, this review also highlights the role of cytokine storms and inflammation in virus-induced cardiomyopathy.
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39
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The authors reply. Crit Care Med 2021; 49:e801-e802. [PMID: 34261935 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Edes AN, Brand CM. Age, sex, and inflammatory markers predict chronic conditions, cardiac disease, and mortality among captive western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). Primates 2021; 62:931-943. [PMID: 34460009 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-021-00942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In humans, inflammatory markers predict health risks. As great apes experience many similar conditions, measuring inflammation may provide valuable health information. We examined four serum inflammatory markers in zoo-housed gorillas (n = 48): albumin, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α. We first analyzed age- and sex-associated patterns, then used multimodel inference to evaluate models with age, sex, and inflammatory markers as predictors of all-cause morbidity, cardiac disease, and mortality. Older gorillas had lower albumin and higher IL-6, and males had higher albumin, lower CRP, and lower TNF-α. All-cause morbidity was best predicted by age, sex, and TNF-α, but the second model containing only age and sex was equivalent. Cardiac disease was best predicted by TNF-α alongside age and sex, with lower levels associated with increased risk. When outliers were removed, the model with TNF-α was second to the model containing only age and sex. Finally, mortality risk was best predicted by the model with only age and sex. Other models containing individual inflammatory markers were within top model sets for each health outcome. Our results indicate that age and sex are robust for predicting all-cause morbidity and mortality risk in gorillas; while models which include individual inflammatory markers also predict risk, they may not improve predictions over age and sex alone. However, given the prevalence of cardiac disease in great apes, these results suggest that TNF-α warrants further investigation. With their potential to provide valuable health information, data on inflammatory markers may contribute to the care and management of gorillas in human care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Edes
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institution, Front Royal, VA, USA.
- Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Reproductive and Behavioral Sciences, Saint Louis Zoo, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Colin M Brand
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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41
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Aquilani R, Zuccarelli GC, Maestri R, Boselli M, Dossena M, Baldissarro E, Boschi F, Buonocore D, Verri M. Essential amino acid supplementation is associated with reduced serum C-reactive protein levels and improved circulating lymphocytes in post-acute inflamed elderly patients. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211036823. [PMID: 34387512 PMCID: PMC8366127 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211036823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent systemic inflammation leads to multidistrectual body dysfunctions. Attenuation of inflammation may improve patients’ functional and life prognoses. We hypothesized that essential amino acids (EAAs) given to elderly patients in rehabilitation after acute diseases may be associated with a reduced inflammatory state. Therefore, this retrospective study investigated whether the supplementation of EAAs – modulators of immune competence – was associated with a reduced inflammation rate in elderly patients. Methods The medical records of 282 patients admitted to the rehabilitation (rehab) institute after acute index events (surgery or medical diseases) (age: 81.18 ± 8.58 years; females: 67.9%) were analyzed. Results 46 patients (16.3% of the entire population) had received EAA supplements (S), whereas the remaining 236 patients had not (N-S). Systemic inflammation (I) (serum C-reactive protein (CRP) > 0.5 mg/dL) was present in 67.4% of the I-S group and 57.2% of the I-N-S group. During rehab, the I-S group (but not the I-N-S group) showed a reduction in CRP levels (p = 0.03) and an increase in circulating lymphocytes (p = 0.035), immune cells of the adaptive immune system. C-reactive protein levels remained virtually unchanged in non-inflamed patients who received supplements but increased in non-inflamed patients who did not receive supplements (p = 0.05). Stratified for developed infections, CRP levels reduced in S patients (p = 0.008) but did not in N-S patients. Conclusion EAA supplementation was associated with reduced inflammation in both inflamed and infected patients. In addition, EAA supplementation was associated with increased circulating lymphocytes in inflamed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Aquilani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ginetto C Zuccarelli
- Geriatric Institute P. Redaelli - Reparti di Riabilitazione Geriatrica e di Mantenimento, Vimodrone (Milano), Italy
| | - Roberto Maestri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering of the Montescano Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Montescano (PV), Italy
| | - Mirella Boselli
- Neurorehabilitation Unit of the Montescano Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Montescano (PV), Italy
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Baldissarro
- Complex Structure of Recovery and Functional Re-education - ASL 3, Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Boschi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Verri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Korf-Klingebiel M, Reboll MR, Polten F, Weber N, Jäckle F, Wu X, Kallikourdis M, Kunderfranco P, Condorelli G, Giannitsis E, Kustikova OS, Schambach A, Pich A, Widder JD, Bauersachs J, van den Heuvel J, Kraft T, Wang Y, Wollert KC. Myeloid-Derived Growth Factor Protects Against Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure by Preserving Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase Expression in Cardiomyocytes. Circulation 2021; 144:1227-1240. [PMID: 34372689 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.053365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure, but there is limited understanding of inflammation's potential benefits. Inflammatory cells secrete myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF) to promote tissue repair after acute myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that MYDGF has a role in cardiac adaptation to persistent pressure overload. Methods: We defined the cellular sources and function of MYDGF in wild-type, Mydgf-deficient (Mydgf-/-), and Mydgf bone marrow-chimeric or bone marrow-conditional transgenic mice with pressure overload-induced heart failure after transverse aortic constriction surgery. We measured MYDGF plasma concentrations by targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We identified MYDGF signaling targets by phosphoproteomics and substrate-based kinase activity inference. We recorded Ca2+ transients and sarcomere contractions in isolated cardiomyocytes. Additionally, we explored the therapeutic potential of recombinant MYDGF. Results: MYDGF protein abundance increased in the left ventricular (LV) myocardium and in blood plasma of pressure-overloaded mice. Patients with severe aortic stenosis also had elevated MYDGF plasma concentrations, which declined after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Monocytes and macrophages emerged as the main MYDGF sources in the pressure-overloaded murine heart. While Mydgf-/- mice had no apparent phenotype at baseline, they developed more severe LV hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction during pressure overload than wild-type mice. Conversely, conditional transgenic overexpression of MYDGF in bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells attenuated pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and dysfunction. Mechanistically, MYDGF inhibited G protein coupled receptor agonist-induced hypertrophy and augmented sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) expression in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes by enhancing PIM1 serine/threonine kinase expression and activity. Along this line, cardiomyocytes from pressure-overloaded Mydgf-/- mice displayed reduced PIM1 and SERCA2a expression, greater hypertrophy, and impaired Ca2+ cycling and sarcomere function compared to cardiomyocytes from pressure-overloaded wild-type mice. Transplanting Mydgf-/- mice with wild-type bone marrow cells augmented cardiac PIM1 and SERCA2a levels and ameliorated pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and dysfunction. Pressure-overloaded Mydgf-/- mice were similarly rescued by adenoviral Serca2a gene transfer. Treating pressure-overloaded wild-type mice subcutaneously with recombinant MYDGF enhanced SERCA2a expression, attenuated LV hypertrophy and dysfunction, and improved survival. Conclusions: These findings establish a MYDGF-based adaptive crosstalk between inflammatory cells and cardiomyocytes that protects against pressure overload-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mortimer Korf-Klingebiel
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc R Reboll
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Polten
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalie Weber
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Physiology Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Jäckle
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xuekun Wu
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marinos Kallikourdis
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Olga S Kustikova
- Institute of Experimental Hematology Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Core Unit Proteomics and Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julian D Widder
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Technology Platform Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Physiology Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai C Wollert
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Wu Y, Vazquez-Prada KX, Liu Y, Whittaker AK, Zhang R, Ta HT. Recent Advances in the Development of Theranostic Nanoparticles for Cardiovascular Diseases. Nanotheranostics 2021; 5:499-514. [PMID: 34367883 PMCID: PMC8342263 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.62730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. CVD includes a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels such as myocardial infarction, ischemic heart, ischemic injury, injured arteries, thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Amongst these, atherosclerosis is the dominant cause of CVD and is an inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall. Diagnosis and treatment of CVD remain the main challenge due to the complexity of their pathophysiology. To overcome the limitations of current treatment and diagnostic techniques, theranostic nanomaterials have emerged. The term "theranostic nanomaterials" refers to a multifunctional agent with both therapeutic and diagnostic abilities. Theranostic nanoparticles can provide imaging contrast for a diversity of techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). In addition, they can treat CVD using photothermal ablation and/or medication by the drugs in nanoparticles. This review discusses the latest advances in theranostic nanomaterials for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs according to the order of disease development. MRI, CT, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and fluorescence are the most widely used strategies on theranostics for CVDs detection. Different treatment methods for CVDs based on theranostic nanoparticles have also been discussed. Moreover, current problems of theranostic nanoparticles for CVDs detection and treatment and future research directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuao Wu
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Karla X. Vazquez-Prada
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yajun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, the University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hang T. Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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44
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Khan H, Gamble D, Mezincescu A, Abbas H, Rudd A, Dawson D. A systematic review of biomarkers in Takotsubo syndrome: A focus on better understanding the pathophysiology. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 34:100795. [PMID: 34095448 PMCID: PMC8164033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome is made based on clinical presentation, ECG, biomarker, imaging and coronary angiography. There is a lack of diagnostic biomarkers that can discriminate patients with Takotsubo syndrome from those with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and provide clinical monitoring and prognostic information in the long-term. METHODS A literature search of published Takotsubo syndrome biomarkers from PubMed was performed. All studies that included numerical biomarker data on Takotsubo syndrome was included. Exclusion criteria was any study without an AMI cohort for comparison in the acute phase biomarkers or due to the absence of numerical values. The results were tabulated in table form with results expressed as either mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). RESULTS The literature search produced 14 relevant studies that met search criteria. The results showed; high sensitivity Troponin I (3.21 ± 4.4 vs 34.4 ± 37 ng/ml), BNP [972 (578.5-1671.0) pg/L vs 358 (50.5-688.0) pg/L in NSTEMI and vs 381 (106.0-934.0) pg/L in STEMI] and BNP/Troponin I ratio [642 (331.8-1226.5) vs 184.5 (50.5-372.3) pg/ug in NSTEMI and 7.5 (2.0-29.6) pg/ug in STEMI] patients. DISCUSSION This study is limited by many studies being retrospective cohort studies. This data shows that acutely troponin is raised in Takotsubo syndrome but not enough to be discriminating from AMI. BNP level is significantly raised in Takotsubo syndrome compared to AMI. CONCLUSION Current specificity of acute and chronic biomarkers for Takotsubo syndrome is lacking and further work is needed to address the gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Khan
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - David Gamble
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Mezincescu
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Abbas
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Rudd
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Dawson
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
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Baik AH, Oluwole OO, Johnson DB, Shah N, Salem JE, Tsai KK, Moslehi JJ. Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Toxicities Associated With Immunotherapies. Circ Res 2021; 128:1780-1801. [PMID: 33934609 PMCID: PMC8159878 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.315894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune-based therapies have revolutionized cancer treatments. Cardiovascular sequelae from these treatments, however, have emerged as critical complications, representing new challenges in cardio-oncology. Immune therapies include a broad range of novel drugs, from antibodies and other biologics, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and bispecific T-cell engagers, to cell-based therapies, such as chimeric-antigen receptor T-cell therapies. The recognition of immunotherapy-associated cardiovascular side effects has also catapulted new research questions revolving around the interactions between the immune and cardiovascular systems, and the signaling cascades affected by T cell activation, cytokine release, and immune system dysregulation. Here, we review the specific mechanisms of immune activation from immunotherapies and the resulting cardiovascular toxicities associated with immune activation and excess cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Baik
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA (A.H.B.)
| | - Olalekan O Oluwole
- Division of Oncology (D.B.J., J.J.M., O.O.O.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Division of Oncology (D.B.J., J.J.M., O.O.O.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Nina Shah
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA (N.S., K.K.T.)
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardio-oncology Program, CIC-1901, APHP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France (J.-E.S.)
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (J.-E.S., J.J.M.)
| | - Katy K Tsai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA (N.S., K.K.T.)
| | - Javid J Moslehi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (J.J.M.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Oncology (D.B.J., J.J.M., O.O.O.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (J.-E.S., J.J.M.)
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Abstract
Cardiac injury remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances, a full understanding of why the heart fails to fully recover function after acute injury, and why progressive heart failure frequently ensues, remains elusive. No therapeutics, short of heart transplantation, have emerged to reliably halt or reverse the inexorable progression of heart failure in the majority of patients once it has become clinically evident. To date, most pharmacological interventions have focused on modifying hemodynamics (reducing afterload, controlling blood pressure and blood volume) or on modifying cardiac myocyte function. However, important contributions of the immune system to normal cardiac function and the response to injury have recently emerged as exciting areas of investigation. Therapeutic interventions aimed at harnessing the power of immune cells hold promise for new treatment avenues for cardiac disease. Here, we review the immune response to heart injury, its contribution to cardiac fibrosis, and the potential of immune modifying therapies to affect cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G Rurik
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Medicine, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Haig Aghajanian
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Medicine, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Jonathan A Epstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Medicine, Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Peng X, Wang Y, Xi X, Jia Y, Tian J, Yu B, Tian J. Promising Therapy for Heart Failure in Patients with Severe COVID-19: Calming the Cytokine Storm. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:231-247. [PMID: 33404925 PMCID: PMC7786163 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a serious global threat to human health and the economy. Based on accumulating evidence, its continuous progression involves not only pulmonary injury but also damage to the cardiovascular system due to intertwined pathophysiological risks. As a point of convergence in the pathophysiologic process between COVID-19 and heart failure (HF), cytokine storm induces the progression of COVID-19 in patients presenting pre-existing or new onset myocardial damage and even HF. Cytokine storm, as a trigger of the progression of HF in patients with COVID-19, has become a novel focus to explore therapies for target populations. In this review, we briefly introduce the basis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and illuminate the mechanism and links among COVID-19, cytokine storm, and HF. Furthermore, we discuss drugs and therapeutic targets for patients with COVID-19 and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yani Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiangwen Xi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jiangtian Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jinwei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China.
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Abstract
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare, X-linked recessive, infantile-onset debilitating disorder characterized by early-onset cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle myopathy, growth delay, and neutropenia, with a worldwide incidence of 1/300,000-400,000 live births. The high mortality rate throughout infancy in BTHS patients is related primarily to progressive cardiomyopathy and a weakened immune system. BTHS is caused by defects in the TAZ gene that encodes tafazzin, a transacylase responsible for the remodeling and maturation of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL), which is critical to normal mitochondrial structure and function (i.e., ATP generation). A deficiency in tafazzin results in up to a 95% reduction in levels of structurally mature CL. Because the heart is the most metabolically active organ in the body, with the highest mitochondrial content of any tissue, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of heart failure in patients with BTHS. Changes in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reduce the ability of mitochondria to meet the ATP demands of the human heart as well as skeletal muscle, namely ATP synthesis does not match the rate of ATP consumption. The presence of several cardiomyopathic phenotypes have been described in BTHS, including dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular noncompaction, either alone or in conjunction with other cardiomyopathic phenotypes, endocardial fibroelastosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and an apical form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, among others, all of which can be directly attributed to the lack of CL synthesis, remodeling, and maturation with subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction. Several mechanisms by which these cardiomyopathic phenotypes exist have been proposed, thereby identifying potential targets for treatment. Dysfunction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase pump and inflammation potentially triggered by circulating mitochondrial components have been identified. Currently, treatment modalities are aimed at addressing symptomatology of HF in BTHS, but do not address the underlying pathology. One novel therapeutic approach includes elamipretide, which crosses the mitochondrial outer membrane to localize to the inner membrane where it associates with cardiolipin to enhance ATP synthesis in several organs, including the heart. Encouraging clinical results of the use of elamipretide in treating patients with BTHS support the potential use of this drug for management of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani N Sabbah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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Vitiello A, La Porta R, Ferrara F. Scientific hypothesis and rational pharmacological for the use of sacubitril/valsartan in cardiac damage caused by COVID-19. Med Hypotheses 2021; 147:110486. [PMID: 33460992 PMCID: PMC7788318 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the state of global pandemic caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). To date, no antivirals directed against SARS-CoV-2 or effective vaccines to combat the viral infection are available. Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 is treated empirically with antivirals, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulants. The approval of an effective vaccine still takes time. In this state, it may be useful to find new therapeutic solutions from drugs already on the market. Recent hypotheses suggest that the use of AT-1 receptor antagonists (ARB) in combination with neprilisin inhibitors (NEPi) could indirectly provide clinical benefits to patients with SARS-CoV-2 and cardiac involvement. In this article we investigate and describe a possible innovative pharmacological approach for the treatment of the most severe stages of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vitiello
- Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1, XIV Settembre Street, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Raffaele La Porta
- Clinical Pathology, Asur Marche, Viale Guido Da Montefeltro, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- Pharmaceutical Department, Usl Umbria 1, A. Migliorati Street, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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50
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Najjar RS, Turner CG, Wong BJ, Feresin RG. Berry-Derived Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Pathologies: Mechanisms of Disease and the Role of Diet and Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020387. [PMID: 33513742 PMCID: PMC7911141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, pathogenesis, and manifestation is differentially influenced by biological sex. Berry polyphenols target several signaling pathways pertinent to CVD development, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac and vascular remodeling, and there are innate differences in these pathways that also vary by sex. There is limited research systematically investigating sex differences in berry polyphenol effects on these pathways, but there are fundamental findings at this time that suggest a sex-specific effect. This review will detail mechanisms within these pathological pathways, how they differ by sex, and how they may be individually targeted by berry polyphenols in a sex-specific manner. Because of the substantial polyphenolic profile of berries, berry consumption represents a promising interventional tool in the treatment and prevention of CVD in both sexes, but the mechanisms in which they function within each sex may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Correspondence:
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