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Stoleriu MG, Ansari M, Strunz M, Schamberger A, Heydarian M, Ding Y, Voss C, Schneider JJ, Gerckens M, Burgstaller G, Castelblanco A, Kauke T, Fertmann J, Schneider C, Behr J, Lindner M, Stacher-Priehse E, Irmler M, Beckers J, Eickelberg O, Schubert B, Hauck SM, Schmid O, Hatz RA, Stoeger T, Schiller HB, Hilgendorff A. COPD basal cells are primed towards secretory to multiciliated cell imbalance driving increased resilience to environmental stressors. Thorax 2024; 79:524-537. [PMID: 38286613 PMCID: PMC11137452 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2022-219958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental pollutants injure the mucociliary elevator, thereby provoking disease progression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epithelial resilience mechanisms to environmental nanoparticles in health and disease are poorly characterised. METHODS We delineated the impact of prevalent pollutants such as carbon and zinc oxide nanoparticles, on cellular function and progeny in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBECs) from end-stage COPD (COPD-IV, n=4), early disease (COPD-II, n=3) and pulmonary healthy individuals (n=4). After nanoparticle exposure of pHBECs at air-liquid interface, cell cultures were characterised by functional assays, transcriptome and protein analysis, complemented by single-cell analysis in serial samples of pHBEC cultures focusing on basal cell differentiation. RESULTS COPD-IV was characterised by a prosecretory phenotype (twofold increase in MUC5AC+) at the expense of the multiciliated epithelium (threefold reduction in Ac-Tub+), resulting in an increased resilience towards particle-induced cell damage (fivefold reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance), as exemplified by environmentally abundant doses of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Exposure of COPD-II cultures to cigarette smoke extract provoked the COPD-IV characteristic, prosecretory phenotype. Time-resolved single-cell transcriptomics revealed an underlying COPD-IV unique basal cell state characterised by a twofold increase in KRT5+ (P=0.018) and LAMB3+ (P=0.050) expression, as well as a significant activation of Wnt-specific (P=0.014) and Notch-specific (P=0.021) genes, especially in precursors of suprabasal and secretory cells. CONCLUSION We identified COPD stage-specific gene alterations in basal cells that affect the cellular composition of the bronchial elevator and may control disease-specific epithelial resilience mechanisms in response to environmental nanoparticles. The identified phenomena likely inform treatment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Gabriel Stoleriu
- Division for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU) and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Strunz
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Schamberger
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Motaharehsadat Heydarian
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Yaobo Ding
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Voss
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Josephine Schneider
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Gerckens
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Alejandra Castelblanco
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Teresa Kauke
- Division for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU) and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Fertmann
- Division for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU) and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schneider
- Division for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU) and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Juergen Behr
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Lindner
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Martin Irmler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Experimental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Experimental Genetics, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- School of Life Sciences, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Schubert
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Garching bei München, München, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Hatz
- Division for Thoracic Surgery Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU) and Asklepios Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care at the iSPZ Hauner, Dr. von Haunersches Children's University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU); Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Li K, Bartlett JA, Wohlford-Lenane CL, Xue B, Thurman AL, Gallagher TM, Pezzulo AA, McCray PB. Interleukin 13-Induced Inflammation Increases DPP4 Abundance but Does Not Enhance Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replication in Airway Epithelia. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1419-1429. [PMID: 37698016 PMCID: PMC11095549 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pulmonary conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increase the risk of morbidity and mortality during infection with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We hypothesized that individuals with such comorbidities are more susceptible to MERS-CoV infection due to increased expression of its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). METHODS We modeled chronic airway disease by treating primary human airway epithelia with the Th2 cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13), examining how this affected DPP4 protein levels with MERS-CoV entry and replication. RESULTS IL-13 exposure for 3 days led to greater DPP4 protein abundance, while a 21-day treatment raised DPP4 levels and caused goblet cell metaplasia. Surprisingly, despite this increase in receptor availability, MERS-CoV entry and replication were not significantly affected by IL-13 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that greater DPP4 abundance is likely not the primary mechanism leading to increased MERS severity in the setting of Th2 inflammation. Transcriptional profiling analysis highlighted the complexity of IL-13-induced changes in airway epithelia, including altered expression of genes involved in innate immunity, antiviral responses, and maintenance of the extracellular mucus barrier. These data suggest that additional factors likely interact with DPP4 abundance to determine MERS-CoV infection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Jennifer A Bartlett
- Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Christine L Wohlford-Lenane
- Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Biyun Xue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Andrew L Thurman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Thomas M Gallagher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Alejandro A Pezzulo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Department of Microbiology, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Tonelli C, Yordanov GN, Hao Y, Deschênes A, Hinds J, Belleau P, Klingbeil O, Brosnan E, Doshi A, Park Y, Hruban RH, Vakoc CR, Dobin A, Preall J, Tuveson DA. A mucus production programme promotes classical pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Gut 2024; 73:941-954. [PMID: 38262672 PMCID: PMC11088527 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The optimal therapeutic response in cancer patients is highly dependent upon the differentiation state of their tumours. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal cancer that harbours distinct phenotypic subtypes with preferential sensitivities to standard therapies. This study aimed to investigate intratumour heterogeneity and plasticity of cancer cell states in PDA in order to reveal cell state-specific regulators. DESIGN We analysed single-cell expression profiling of mouse PDAs, revealing intratumour heterogeneity and cell plasticity and identified pathways activated in the different cell states. We performed comparative analysis of murine and human expression states and confirmed their phenotypic diversity in specimens by immunolabeling. We assessed the function of phenotypic regulators using mouse models of PDA, organoids, cell lines and orthotopically grafted tumour models. RESULTS Our expression analysis and immunolabeling analysis show that a mucus production programme regulated by the transcription factor SPDEF is highly active in precancerous lesions and the classical subtype of PDA - the most common differentiation state. SPDEF maintains the classical differentiation and supports PDA transformation in vivo. The SPDEF tumour-promoting function is mediated by its target genes AGR2 and ERN2/IRE1β that regulate mucus production, and inactivation of the SPDEF programme impairs tumour growth and facilitates subtype interconversion from classical towards basal-like differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings expand our understanding of the transcriptional programmes active in precancerous lesions and PDAs of classical differentiation, determine the regulators of mucus production as specific vulnerabilities in these cell states and reveal phenotype switching as a response mechanism to inactivation of differentiation states determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tonelli
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | | | - Yuan Hao
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Astrid Deschênes
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Juliene Hinds
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Pascal Belleau
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Olaf Klingbeil
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Erin Brosnan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Abhishek Doshi
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Youngkyu Park
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Alexander Dobin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Preall
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
- Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
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4
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Nakagome K, Nagata M. The Possible Roles of IL-4/IL-13 in the Development of Eosinophil-Predominant Severe Asthma. Biomolecules 2024; 14:546. [PMID: 38785953 PMCID: PMC11117569 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airway obstruction. Eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of airway disease mainly by releasing eosinophil-specific granules, lipid mediators, superoxide anions, and their DNA. Type-2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 also play roles in the development of bronchial asthma. Among these cytokines, IL-4 is involved in T-cell differentiation, B-cell activation, B-cell differentiation into plasma cells, and the production of immunoglobulin E. Although IL-13 has similar effects to IL-4, IL-13 mainly affects structural cells, such as epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. IL-13 induces the differentiation of goblet cells that produce mucus and induces the airway remodeling, including smooth muscle hypertrophy. IL-4 and IL-13 do not directly activate the effector functions of eosinophils; however, they can induce eosinophilic airway inflammation by upregulating the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (for adhesion) and CC chemokine receptor 3 ligands (for migration). Dupilumab, a human anti-IL-4 receptor α monoclonal antibody that inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, decreases asthma exacerbations and mucus plugs and increases lung function in moderate to severe asthma. In addition, dupilumab is effective for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and for atopic dermatitis, and IL-4/IL-13 blocking is expected to suppress allergen sensitization, including transcutaneous sensitization and atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Nakagome
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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5
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Wang D, Cao Y, Meng M, Qiu J, Ni C, Guo X, Li Y, Liu S, Yu J, Guo M, Wang J, Du B, Qiu W, Xie C, Zhao B, Ma X, Cheng X, Xu L. FOXA3 regulates cholesterol metabolism to compensate for low uptake during the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002621. [PMID: 38805565 PMCID: PMC11161053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is vital for multiple cancer progression, while how cholesterol affects lung, a low-cholesterol tissue, for cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we found that metastatic lung adenocarcinoma cells acquire cellular dehydrocholesterol and cholesterol by endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis, instead of uptake upon cholesterol treatment. Besides, we demonstrated that exogenous cholesterol functions as signaling molecule to induce FOXA3, a key transcription factor for lipid metabolism via GLI2. Subsequently, ChIP-seq analysis and molecular studies revealed that FOXA3 transcriptionally activated Hmgcs1, an essential enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis, to induce endogenous dehydrocholesterol and cholesterol level for membrane composition change and cell migration. Conversely, FOXA3 knockdown or knockout blocked cholesterol biosynthesis and lung adenocarcinoma metastasis in mice. In addition, the potent FOXA3 inhibitor magnolol suppressed metastatic gene programs in lung adenocarcinoma patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Altogether, our findings shed light onto unique cholesterol metabolism and FOXA3 contribution to lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Changzhou, No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxiang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiyao Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Institute of Organoid Technology, BioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Qiu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Institute of Organoid Technology, BioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Suzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinghua Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Carlier FM, Detry B, Lecocq M, Collin AM, Planté-Bordeneuve T, Gérard L, Verleden SE, Delos M, Rondelet B, Janssens W, Ambroise J, Vanaudenaerde BM, Gohy S, Pilette C. The memory of airway epithelium damage in smokers and COPD patients. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302341. [PMID: 38158219 PMCID: PMC10756916 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a devastating and irreversible lung disease, causes structural and functional defects in the bronchial epithelium, the (ir)reversibility of which remains unexplored in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the persistence of COPD-related epithelial defects in long-term airway epithelial cultures derived from non-smokers, smokers, and COPD patients. Barrier function, polarity, cell commitment, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inflammation were evaluated and compared with native epithelium characteristics. The role of inflammation was explored using cytokines. We show that barrier dysfunction, compromised polarity, and lineage abnormalities observed in smokers and COPD persisted for up to 10 wk. Goblet cell hyperplasia was associated with recent cigarette smoke exposure. Conversely, increased IL-8/CXCL-8 release and abnormal epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition diminished over time. These ex vivo observations matched surgical samples' abnormalities. Cytokine treatment induced COPD-like changes in control cultures and reactivated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in COPD cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the airway epithelium of smokers and COPD patients retains a multidimensional memory of its original state and previous cigarette smoke-induced injuries, maintaining these abnormalities for extended periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- François M Carlier
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Mont-Godinne UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
- Lung Transplant Centre, CHU Mont-Godinne UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Bruno Detry
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marylène Lecocq
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine M Collin
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Planté-Bordeneuve
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Gérard
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stijn E Verleden
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Monique Delos
- Department of Pathology, CHU Mont-Godinne UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Benoît Rondelet
- Lung Transplant Centre, CHU Mont-Godinne UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
- Deparment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, CHU Mont-Godinne UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart M Vanaudenaerde
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gohy
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- https://ror.org/02495e989 Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Kelly A, Lavender P. Epigenetic Approaches to Identifying Asthma Endotypes. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 16:130-141. [PMID: 38528381 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma escalated rapidly in the late 20th century. In 2019, the World Health Organization estimated the global number of people affected by the condition to be approximately 260 million, causing 450,000 deaths during that year. While there have been advances in therapeutics with the emergence of biologics targeting T2-high asthma, there is still little clarity on the mechanisms underlying the origins of both the condition and all of its endotypes. Several biomarkers for particular asthma phenotypes have been documented. These are generally identified from transcriptomics and proteomics protocols and tend to be biased to T2-high phenotypes. In this review, we summarize some suggestions that analysis of epigenomes may provide alternative datasets that inform of broader asthma endotypes and might highlight pathways amenable for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Kelly
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Lavender
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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8
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Das DN, Puthusseri B, Gopu V, Krishnan V, Bhagavath AK, Bolla S, Saini Y, Criner GJ, Marchetti N, Tang H, Konduru NV, Fan L, Shetty S. Caveolin-1-derived peptide attenuates cigarette smoke-induced airway and alveolar epithelial injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L689-L708. [PMID: 37642665 PMCID: PMC11178264 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00178.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a debilitating lung disease with no effective treatment that can reduce mortality or slow the disease progression. COPD is the third leading cause of global death and is characterized by airflow limitations due to chronic bronchitis and alveolar damage/emphysema. Chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure damages airway and alveolar epithelium and remains a major risk factor for the pathogenesis of COPD. We found that the expression of caveolin-1, a tumor suppressor protein; p53; and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), one of the downstream targets of p53, was markedly increased in airway epithelial cells (AECs) as well as in type II alveolar epithelial (AT2) cells from the lungs of patients with COPD or wild-type mice with CS-induced lung injury (CS-LI). Moreover, p53- and PAI-1-deficient mice resisted CS-LI. Furthermore, treatment of AECs, AT2 cells, or lung tissue slices from patients with COPD or mice with CS-LI with a seven amino acid caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSP7) reduced mucus hypersecretion in AECs and improved AT2 cell viability. Notably, induction of PAI-1 expression via increased caveolin-1 and p53 contributed to mucous cell metaplasia and mucus hypersecretion in AECs, and reduced AT2 viability, due to increased senescence and apoptosis, which was abrogated by CSP7. In addition, treatment of wild-type mice having CS-LI with CSP7 by intraperitoneal injection or nebulization via airways attenuated mucus hypersecretion, alveolar injury, and significantly improved lung function. This study validates the potential therapeutic role of CSP7 for treating CS-LI and COPD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure remains a major risk factor for the pathogenesis of COPD, a debilitating disease with no effective treatment. Increased caveolin-1 mediated induction of p53 and downstream plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression contributes to CS-induced airway mucus hypersecretion and alveolar wall damage. This is reversed by caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSP7) in preclinical models, suggesting the therapeutic potential of CSP7 for treating CS-induced lung injury (CS-LI) and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Bijesh Puthusseri
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Venkadesaperumal Gopu
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Venugopal Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Ashoka Kumar Bhagavath
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Sudhir Bolla
- Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yogesh Saini
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Gerald J Criner
- Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Hua Tang
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Nagarjun V Konduru
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Liang Fan
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
| | - Sreerama Shetty
- Department of Medicine, Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States
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9
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Spector C, De Sanctis CM, Panettieri RA, Koziol-White CJ. Rhinovirus induces airway remodeling: what are the physiological consequences? Respir Res 2023; 24:238. [PMID: 37773065 PMCID: PMC10540383 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinovirus infections commonly evoke asthma exacerbations in children and adults. Recurrent asthma exacerbations are associated with injury-repair responses in the airways that collectively contribute to airway remodeling. The physiological consequences of airway remodeling can manifest as irreversible airway obstruction and diminished responsiveness to bronchodilators. Structural cells of the airway, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and adjacent lung vascular endothelial cells represent an understudied and emerging source of cellular and extracellular soluble mediators and matrix components that contribute to airway remodeling in a rhinovirus-evoked inflammatory environment. MAIN BODY While mechanistic pathways associated with rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling are still not fully characterized, infected airway epithelial cells robustly produce type 2 cytokines and chemokines, as well as pro-angiogenic and fibroblast activating factors that act in a paracrine manner on neighboring airway cells to stimulate remodeling responses. Morphological transformation of structural cells in response to rhinovirus promotes remodeling phenotypes including induction of mucus hypersecretion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Rhinovirus exposure elicits airway hyperresponsiveness contributing to irreversible airway obstruction. This obstruction can occur as a consequence of sub-epithelial thickening mediated by smooth muscle migration and myofibroblast activity, or through independent mechanisms mediated by modulation of the β2 agonist receptor activation and its responsiveness to bronchodilators. Differential cellular responses emerge in response to rhinovirus infection that predispose asthmatic individuals to persistent signatures of airway remodeling, including exaggerated type 2 inflammation, enhanced extracellular matrix deposition, and robust production of pro-angiogenic mediators. CONCLUSIONS Few therapies address symptoms of rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling, though understanding the contribution of structural cells to these processes may elucidate future translational targets to alleviate symptoms of rhinovirus-induced exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Spector
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Camden M De Sanctis
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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10
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Strickson S, Houslay KF, Negri VA, Ohne Y, Ottosson T, Dodd RB, Huntington CC, Baker T, Li J, Stephenson KE, O'Connor AJ, Sagawe JS, Killick H, Moore T, Rees DG, Koch S, Sanden C, Wang Y, Gubbins E, Ghaedi M, Kolbeck R, Saumyaa S, Erjefält JS, Sims GP, Humbles AA, Scott IC, Romero Ros X, Cohen ES. Oxidised IL-33 drives COPD epithelial pathogenesis via ST2-independent RAGE/EGFR signalling complex. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2202210. [PMID: 37442582 PMCID: PMC10533947 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02210-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial damage, repair and remodelling are critical features of chronic airway diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interleukin (IL)-33 released from damaged airway epithelia causes inflammation via its receptor, serum stimulation-2 (ST2). Oxidation of IL-33 to a non-ST2-binding form (IL-33ox) is thought to limit its activity. We investigated whether IL-33ox has functional activities that are independent of ST2 in the airway epithelium. METHODS In vitro epithelial damage assays and three-dimensional, air-liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models of healthy and COPD epithelia were used to elucidate the functional role of IL-33ox. Transcriptomic changes occurring in healthy ALI cultures treated with IL-33ox and COPD ALI cultures treated with an IL-33-neutralising antibody were assessed with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS We demonstrate that IL-33ox forms a complex with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed on airway epithelium. Activation of this alternative, ST2-independent pathway impaired epithelial wound closure and induced airway epithelial remodelling in vitro. IL-33ox increased the proportion of mucus-producing cells and reduced epithelial defence functions, mimicking pathogenic traits of COPD. Neutralisation of the IL-33ox pathway reversed these deleterious traits in COPD epithelia. Gene signatures defining the pathogenic effects of IL-33ox were enriched in airway epithelia from patients with severe COPD. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals for the first time that IL-33, RAGE and EGFR act together in an ST2-independent pathway in the airway epithelium and govern abnormal epithelial remodelling and muco-obstructive features in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Strickson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kirsty F Houslay
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Victor A Negri
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoichiro Ohne
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Ottosson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger B Dodd
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tina Baker
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jingjing Li
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine E Stephenson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy J O'Connor
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Sophie Sagawe
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Killick
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Moore
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofia Koch
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Sanden
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medetect AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Current: Spirovant Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saumyaa Saumyaa
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas S Erjefält
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gary P Sims
- Bioscience Immunology, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alison A Humbles
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Current: Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Scott
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xavier Romero Ros
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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11
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Schrumpf JA, Ninaber DK, Müller C, Rankl B, von Mutius E, Smits HH, Hiemstra PS. Farm dust reduces mucin production in rhinovirus-infected primary bronchial epithelial cells. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14008. [PMID: 37622253 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn A Schrumpf
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis K Ninaber
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Rankl
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz-Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy Prevention, IAP, Helmholtz-Center Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center - Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Hermelijn H Smits
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- PulmoScience Lab, Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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12
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Cha J, Choi S. Gene-Smoking Interaction Analysis for the Identification of Novel Asthma-Associated Genetic Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12266. [PMID: 37569643 PMCID: PMC10419280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease caused by gene-environment interactions. Although numerous genome-wide association studies have been conducted, these interactions have not been systemically investigated. We sought to identify genetic factors associated with the asthma phenotype in 66,857 subjects from the Health Examination Study, Cardiovascular Disease Association Study, and Korea Association Resource Study cohorts. We investigated asthma-associated gene-environment (smoking status) interactions at the level of single nucleotide polymorphisms, genes, and gene sets. We identified two potentially novel (SETDB1 and ZNF8) and five previously reported (DM4C, DOCK8, MMP20, MYL7, and ADCY9) genes associated with increased asthma risk. Numerous gene ontology processes, including regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus (GO:0033081), were significantly enriched for asthma risk. Functional annotation analysis confirmed the causal relationship between five genes (two potentially novel and three previously reported genes) and asthma through genome-wide functional prediction scores (combined annotation-dependent depletion, deleterious annotation of genetic variants using neural networks, and RegulomeDB). Our findings elucidate the genetic architecture of asthma and improve the understanding of its biological mechanisms. However, further studies are necessary for developing preventive treatments based on environmental factors and understanding the immune system mechanisms that contribute to the etiology of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Cha
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sungkyoung Choi
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Mathematical Data Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyang-daehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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13
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Hickey JW, Becker WR, Nevins SA, Horning A, Perez AE, Zhu C, Zhu B, Wei B, Chiu R, Chen DC, Cotter DL, Esplin ED, Weimer AK, Caraccio C, Venkataraaman V, Schürch CM, Black S, Brbić M, Cao K, Chen S, Zhang W, Monte E, Zhang NR, Ma Z, Leskovec J, Zhang Z, Lin S, Longacre T, Plevritis SK, Lin Y, Nolan GP, Greenleaf WJ, Snyder M. Organization of the human intestine at single-cell resolution. Nature 2023; 619:572-584. [PMID: 37468586 PMCID: PMC10356619 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is a complex organ that promotes digestion, extracts nutrients, participates in immune surveillance, maintains critical symbiotic relationships with microbiota and affects overall health1. The intesting has a length of over nine metres, along which there are differences in structure and function2. The localization of individual cell types, cell type development trajectories and detailed cell transcriptional programs probably drive these differences in function. Here, to better understand these differences, we evaluated the organization of single cells using multiplexed imaging and single-nucleus RNA and open chromatin assays across eight different intestinal sites from nine donors. Through systematic analyses, we find cell compositions that differ substantially across regions of the intestine and demonstrate the complexity of epithelial subtypes, and find that the same cell types are organized into distinct neighbourhoods and communities, highlighting distinct immunological niches that are present in the intestine. We also map gene regulatory differences in these cells that are suggestive of a regulatory differentiation cascade, and associate intestinal disease heritability with specific cell types. These results describe the complexity of the cell composition, regulation and organization for this organ, and serve as an important reference map for understanding human biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Winston R Becker
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Aaron Horning
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Almudena Espin Perez
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bei Wei
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roxanne Chiu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Derek C Chen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Cotter
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edward D Esplin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Annika K Weimer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chiara Caraccio
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Christian M Schürch
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Black
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maria Brbić
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- School of Computer and Communication Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kaidi Cao
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shuxiao Chen
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Weiruo Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emma Monte
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nancy R Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Zongming Ma
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Jure Leskovec
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhengyan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shin Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Teri Longacre
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sylvia K Plevritis
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yiing Lin
- Department of Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | | | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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14
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Gavish A, Tyler M, Greenwald AC, Hoefflin R, Simkin D, Tschernichovsky R, Galili Darnell N, Somech E, Barbolin C, Antman T, Kovarsky D, Barrett T, Gonzalez Castro LN, Halder D, Chanoch-Myers R, Laffy J, Mints M, Wider A, Tal R, Spitzer A, Hara T, Raitses-Gurevich M, Stossel C, Golan T, Tirosh A, Suvà ML, Puram SV, Tirosh I. Hallmarks of transcriptional intratumour heterogeneity across a thousand tumours. Nature 2023; 618:598-606. [PMID: 37258682 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Each tumour contains diverse cellular states that underlie intratumour heterogeneity (ITH), a central challenge of cancer therapeutics1. Dozens of recent studies have begun to describe ITH by single-cell RNA sequencing, but each study typically profiled only a small number of tumours and provided a narrow view of transcriptional ITH2. Here we curate, annotate and integrate the data from 77 different studies to reveal the patterns of transcriptional ITH across 1,163 tumour samples covering 24 tumour types. Among the malignant cells, we identify 41 consensus meta-programs, each consisting of dozens of genes that are coordinately upregulated in subpopulations of cells within many tumours. The meta-programs cover diverse cellular processes including both generic (for example, cell cycle and stress) and lineage-specific patterns that we map into 11 hallmarks of transcriptional ITH. Most meta-programs of carcinoma cells are similar to those identified in non-malignant epithelial cells, suggesting that a large fraction of malignant ITH programs are variable even before oncogenesis, reflecting the biology of their cell of origin. We further extended the meta-program analysis to six common non-malignant cell types and utilize these to map cell-cell interactions within the tumour microenvironment. In summary, we have assembled a comprehensive pan-cancer single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset, which is available through the Curated Cancer Cell Atlas website, and leveraged this dataset to carry out a systematic characterization of transcriptional ITH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishai Gavish
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Tyler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alissa C Greenwald
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rouven Hoefflin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dor Simkin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roi Tschernichovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Noam Galili Darnell
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einav Somech
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chaya Barbolin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer Antman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel Kovarsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Thomas Barrett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - L Nicolas Gonzalez Castro
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debdatta Halder
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rony Chanoch-Myers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Julie Laffy
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Mints
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adi Wider
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rotem Tal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avishay Spitzer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Toshiro Hara
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Chani Stossel
- The Oncology Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Talia Golan
- The Oncology Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amit Tirosh
- The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Mario L Suvà
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Itay Tirosh
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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15
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Rojas DA, Ponce CA, Bustos A, Cortés V, Olivares D, Vargas SL. Pneumocystis Exacerbates Inflammation and Mucus Hypersecretion in a Murine, Elastase-Induced-COPD Model. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040452. [PMID: 37108906 PMCID: PMC10142929 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and mucus hypersecretion are frequent pathology features of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. Selected bacteria, viruses and fungi may synergize as co-factors in aggravating disease by activating pathways that are able to induce airway pathology. Pneumocystis infection induces inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in immune competent and compromised humans and animals. This fungus is a frequent colonizer in patients with COPD. Therefore, it becomes essential to identify whether it has a role in aggravating COPD severity. This work used an elastase-induced COPD model to evaluate the role of Pneumocystis in the exacerbation of pathology, including COPD-like lung lesions, inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. Animals infected with Pneumocystis developed increased histology features of COPD, inflammatory cuffs around airways and lung vasculature plus mucus hypersecretion. Pneumocystis induced a synergic increment in levels of inflammation markers (Cxcl2, IL6, IL8 and IL10) and mucins (Muc5ac/Muc5b). Levels of STAT6-dependent transcription factors Gata3, FoxA3 and Spdef were also synergically increased in Pneumocystis infected animals and elastase-induced COPD, while the levels of the mucous cell-hyperplasia transcription factor FoxA2 were decreased compared to the other groups. Results document that Pneumocystis is a co-factor for disease severity in this elastase-induced-COPD model and highlight the relevance of STAT6 pathway in Pneumocystis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Rojas
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910132, Chile
| | - Carolina A Ponce
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Adriel Bustos
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910132, Chile
| | - Vicente Cortés
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910132, Chile
| | - Daniela Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICB), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910132, Chile
| | - Sergio L Vargas
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
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16
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Qi C, Berg M, Chu X, Timens W, Kole T, van den Berge M, Xu CJ, Koppelman GH, Nawijn MC, Li Y. Cell-type eQTL deconvolution of bronchial epithelium through integration of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq. Allergy 2022; 77:3663-3666. [PMID: 35708915 DOI: 10.1111/all.15410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Qi
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marijn Berg
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Kole
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between Hannover Medical School and Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
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17
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Kato T, Asakura T, Edwards CE, Dang H, Mikami Y, Okuda K, Chen G, Sun L, Gilmore RC, Hawkins P, De la Cruz G, Cooley MR, Bailey AB, Hewitt SM, Chertow DS, Borczuk AC, Salvatore S, Martinez FJ, Thorne LB, Askin FB, Ehre C, Randell SH, O’Neal WK, Baric RS, Boucher RC. Prevalence and Mechanisms of Mucus Accumulation in COVID-19 Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1336-1352. [PMID: 35816430 PMCID: PMC9746856 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202111-2606oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The incidence and sites of mucus accumulation and molecular regulation of mucin gene expression in coronavirus (COVID-19) lung disease have not been reported. Objectives: To characterize the incidence of mucus accumulation and the mechanisms mediating mucin hypersecretion in COVID-19 lung disease. Methods: Airway mucus and mucins were evaluated in COVID-19 autopsy lungs by Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff staining, immunohistochemical staining, RNA in situ hybridization, and spatial transcriptional profiling. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cultures were used to investigate mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced mucin expression and synthesis and test candidate countermeasures. Measurements and Main Results: MUC5B and variably MUC5AC RNA concentrations were increased throughout all airway regions of COVID-19 autopsy lungs, notably in the subacute/chronic disease phase after SARS-CoV-2 clearance. In the distal lung, MUC5B-dominated mucus plugging was observed in 90% of subjects with COVID-19 in both morphologically identified bronchioles and microcysts, and MUC5B accumulated in damaged alveolar spaces. SARS-CoV-2-infected HBE cultures exhibited peak titers 3 days after inoculation, whereas induction of MUC5B/MUC5AC peaked 7-14 days after inoculation. SARS-CoV-2 infection of HBE cultures induced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1α/β) associated with mucin gene regulation. Inhibiting EGFR/IL-1R pathways or administration of dexamethasone reduced SARS-CoV-2-induced mucin expression. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a high prevalence of distal airspace mucus accumulation and increased MUC5B expression in COVID-19 autopsy lungs. HBE culture studies identified roles for EGFR and IL-1R signaling in mucin gene regulation after SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data suggest that time-sensitive mucolytic agents, specific pathway inhibitors, or corticosteroid administration may be therapeutic for COVID-19 lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephen M. Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel S. Chertow
- Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | | | | | | | - Leigh B. Thorne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Frederic B. Askin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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18
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Wuniqiemu T, Teng F, Qin J, Lv Y, Nabijan M, Luo Q, Zhou Y, Cui J, Yi L, Tang W, Zhu X, Wang S, Abduwaki M, Nurahmat M, Wei Y, Dong JC. Iristectorigenin A exerts novel protective properties against airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in OVA-induced asthmatic mice: Iristectorigenin A ameliorates asthma phenotype. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154252. [PMID: 35752075 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the substantial amount of efforts made to reduce morbidity and improve respiratory management, asthma control remained a major challenge for severe patients. Plant isoflavones, one of the most estrogenic compounds, are considered a potential alternative therapy for asthma. Iristectorigenin A, a naturally occurring isoflavone, is extracted from a variety of medical plants and its biological activity has not been reported previously. PURPOSE In present study, we aim to reveal the potential therapeutic role of Iristectorigenin A against acute asthmatic mice. STUDY DESIGN We established ovalbumin (OVA) induced asthmatic murine model and orally administrated Iristectorigenin A at concentration of 5 and 10 mg/kg and dexamethasone as a positive control substance. METHODS Asthmatic murine model was established with OVA sensitization and challenge. Lung function was assessed with FinePoint Ventilation system recording lung resistance (RI) and lung compliance (Cydn). White cells were sorted and counted in BALF. Histopathological assessment was conducted by H&E, PAS, and Masson's trichrome staining on paraffin embedded lung tissues. BALF content of IL-4, IL-5, IL-33, IL-13, INF-γ, IL-9 and serum IgE, IgG1 were measured using ELISA kit. Expression levels of mRNAs associated with inflammatory cytokines and goblet cell metaplasia were evaluated via quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression levels of FOXA3, MUC5AC, SPDEF were estimated by immunohistochemistry on lung tissue, while NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 expressions were evaluated by western blotting analysis. RESULTS Iristectorigenin A resulted in improved airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) mirrored by decreased RI and increased Cydn. With Iristectorigenin A, we also observed reduced number of BALF leukocytes, improved inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, decreased content of BALF IL-4, IL-5, IL-33, but not IL-13, INF-γ, IL-9, and their mRNA levels, along with decreased levels of OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 in asthmatic mice. Additionally, Iristectorigenin A exhibited significant therapeutic potential on attenuating mucus production reflected by mitigated FOXA3 and MUC5AC immunostaining on the airway epithelium, as well as decreased mRNAs associated with goblet cell metaplasia. At last, a decrease in elevated expression level of NOTCH2, but not NOTCH1, in asthmatic mice lung tissue was observed by western blotting analysis. CONCLUSION Our study provides strong evidence that Iristectorigenin A can be potential therapeutic agent ameliorating airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in allergic asthma. This is a first research reported the potential of Iristectorigenin A as an alternative therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulake Wuniqiemu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fangzhou Teng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubao Lv
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohammadtursun Nabijan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingli Luo
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaolong Zhou
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - La Yi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Tang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammadjan Abduwaki
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mammat Nurahmat
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Cheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Devadoss D, Acharya A, Manevski M, Houserova D, Cioffi MD, Pandey K, Nair M, Chapagain P, Mirsaeidi M, Borchert GM, Byrareddy SN, Chand HS. Immunomodulatory LncRNA on antisense strand of ICAM-1 augments SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated airway mucoinflammatory phenotype. iScience 2022; 25:104685. [PMID: 35789750 PMCID: PMC9242679 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs are important regulators of mucoinflammatory response, but little is known about the contribution of airway long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in COVID-19. RNA-seq analysis showed a more than 4-fold increased expression of IL-6, ICAM-1, CXCL-8, and SCGB1A1 inflammatory factors; MUC5AC and MUC5B mucins; and SPDEF, FOXA3, and FOXJ1 transcription factors in COVID-19 patient nasal samples compared with uninfected controls. A lncRNA on antisense strand to ICAM-1 or LASI was induced 2-fold in COVID-19 patients, and its expression was directly correlated with viral loads. A SARS-CoV-2-infected 3D-airway model largely recapitulated these clinical findings. RNA microscopy and molecular modeling indicated a possible interaction between viral RNA and LASI lncRNA. Notably, blocking LASI lncRNA reduced the SARS-CoV-2 replication and suppressed MUC5AC mucin levels and associated inflammation, and select LASI-dependent miRNAs (e.g., let-7b-5p and miR-200a-5p) were implicated. Thus, LASI lncRNA represents an essential facilitator of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated airway mucoinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Devadoss
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Arpan Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Marko Manevski
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Dominika Houserova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Michael D. Cioffi
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Kabita Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Prem Chapagain
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Miller School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Glen M. Borchert
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Siddappa N. Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Hitendra S. Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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20
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Li C, Cheng X, Cao W, Wang Y, Xue C, Tang Q. Enzymatic hydrolysate of porphyra enhances the intestinal mucosal functions in obese mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14175. [PMID: 35510340 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal mucosal immunity is important to human body; however, obesity induced by high-fat diet may bring a series of problems, such as chronic inflammation which may damage intestinal mucosal immunity. In this study, the effects of two different enzymatic hydrolysates of porphyra on the function of intestinal mucosal were explored in obese mice. The results showed that 10 consecutive weeks of high-fat dietary intake resulted in weight gain and intestinal abnormalities in C57BL/6 mice. However, the administration of enzymatic hydrolysate of porphyra effectively protected the intestinal mucosa from these injuries while reducing levels of oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, and GSH-Px). Specifically, they were found to improve small intestine morphological structure, increase growth of goblet cells and mucous, raise expression levels of lysozyme, and stimulate SIgA secretion, especially in the group administered with the enzymatic hydrolysate containing protease and polysaccharide enzyme (EHPP). The results showed that the enzymatic hydrolysates of porphyra may provide a protective measure to maintain intestinal mucosal barriers, which is beneficial to overall health. Porphyra is widely distributed all over the world. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have described its diverse biological functions. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to develop products related to porphyra. In this study, a new type of polysaccharide enzyme of porphyra found in our previous research was used to make a clear porphyra energy drink with a lower molecular weight polysaccharide. Our findings highlighted the repaired intestinal barriers in obese bodies after the treatment with the enzymatic hydrolysate. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Porphyra is widely distributed all over the world. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have described its diverse biological functions. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to develop products related to porphyra. In this study, a new type of polysaccharide enzyme of porphyra found in our previous research was used to make a clear porphyra energy drink with a lower molecular weight polysaccharide. Our findings highlighted the repaired intestinal barriers in obese bodies after the treatment with the enzymatic hydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiu Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
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21
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Rayner RE, Makena P, Liu G, Prasad GL, Cormet-Boyaka E. Differential gene expression of 3D primary human airway cultures exposed to cigarette smoke and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) preparations. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:76. [PMID: 35369880 PMCID: PMC8978419 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute exposure to cigarette smoke alters gene expression in several biological pathways such as apoptosis, immune response, tumorigenesis and stress response, among others. However, the effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on early changes in gene expression is relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the early toxicogenomic changes using a fully-differentiated primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) culture model after an acute exposure to cigarette and ENDS preparations. RESULTS RNA sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis identified time and dose dependent changes in gene expression and several canonical pathways when exposed to cigarette preparations compared to vehicle control, including oxidative stress, xenobiotic metabolism, SPINK1 general cancer pathways and mucociliary clearance. No changes were observed with ENDS preparations containing up to 28 µg/mL nicotine. Full model hierarchical clustering revealed that ENDS preparations were similar to vehicle control. CONCLUSION This study revealed that while an acute exposure to cigarette preparations significantly and differentially regulated many genes and canonical pathways, ENDS preparations containing the same concentration of nicotine had very little effect on gene expression in fully-differentiated primary NHBE cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Rayner
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | | | - Gang Liu
- RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - G L Prasad
- RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Prasad Scientific Consulting LLC, Lewisville, NC, USA
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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22
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Sajuthi SP, Everman JL, Jackson ND, Saef B, Rios CL, Moore CM, Mak ACY, Eng C, Fairbanks-Mahnke A, Salazar S, Elhawary J, Huntsman S, Medina V, Nickerson DA, Germer S, Zody MC, Abecasis G, Kang HM, Rice KM, Kumar R, Zaitlen NA, Oh S, Rodríguez-Santana J, Burchard EG, Seibold MA. Nasal airway transcriptome-wide association study of asthma reveals genetically driven mucus pathobiology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1632. [PMID: 35347136 PMCID: PMC8960819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify genetic determinants of airway dysfunction, we performed a transcriptome-wide association study for asthma by combining RNA-seq data from the nasal airway epithelium of 681 children, with UK Biobank genetic association data. Our airway analysis identified 95 asthma genes, 58 of which were not identified by transcriptome-wide association analyses using other asthma-relevant tissues. Among these genes were MUC5AC, an airway mucin, and FOXA3, a transcriptional driver of mucus metaplasia. Muco-ciliary epithelial cultures from genotyped donors revealed that the MUC5AC risk variant increases MUC5AC protein secretion and mucus secretory cell frequency. Airway transcriptome-wide association analyses for mucus production and chronic cough also identified MUC5AC. These cis-expression variants were associated with trans effects on expression; the MUC5AC variant was associated with upregulation of non-inflammatory mucus secretory network genes, while the FOXA3 variant was associated with upregulation of type-2 inflammation-induced mucus-metaplasia pathway genes. Our results reveal genetic mechanisms of airway mucus pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satria P Sajuthi
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jamie L Everman
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nathan D Jackson
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin Saef
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Cydney L Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Camille M Moore
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Angel C Y Mak
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ana Fairbanks-Mahnke
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sandra Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Elhawary
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott Huntsman
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gonçalo Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Noah A Zaitlen
- Department of Neurology and Computational Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sam Oh
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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23
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Cascarano MC, Ruetten M, Vaughan L, Tsertou MI, Georgopoulou D, Keklikoglou K, Papandroulakis N, Katharios P. Epitheliocystis in Greater Amberjack: Evidence of a Novel Causative Agent, Pathology, Immune Response and Epidemiological Findings. Microorganisms 2022; 10:627. [PMID: 35336202 PMCID: PMC8949381 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epitheliocystis is a fish gill disease caused by a broad range of intracellular bacteria infecting freshwater and marine fish worldwide. Here we report the occurrence and progression of epitheliocystis in greater amberjack reared in Crete (Greece). The disease appears to be caused mainly by a novel Betaproteobacteria belonging to the Candidatus Ichthyocystis genus with a second agent genetically similar to Ca. Parilichlamydia carangidicola coinfecting the gills in some cases. After a first detection of the disease in 2017, we investigated epitheliocystis in the following year's cohort of greater amberjack juveniles (cohort 2018) transferred from inland tanks to the same cage farm in the open sea where the first outbreak was detected. This cohort was monitored for over a year together with stocks of gilthead seabream and meagre co-farmed in the same area. Our observations showed that epitheliocystis could be detected in greater amberjack gills as early as a month following the transfer to sea cages, with ionocytes at the base of the gill lamellae being initially infected. Cyst formation appears to trigger a proliferative response, leading to the fusion of lamellae, impairment of gill functions and subsequently to mortality. Lesions are characterized by infiltration of immune cells, indicating activation of the innate immune response. At later stages of the outbreak, cysts were no longer found in ionocytes but were observed in mucocytes at the trailing edge of the filament. Whole cysts appeared finally to be expelled from infected mucocytes directly into the water, which might constitute a novel means of dispersion of the infectious agents. Molecular screening indicates that meagre is not affected by this disease and confirms the presence of previously described epitheliocystis agents, Ca. Ichthyocystis sparus, Ca. Ichthyocystis hellenicum and Ca. Similichlamydia spp., in gilthead seabream. Prevalence data show that the bacteria persist in both gilthead seabream and greater amberjack cohorts after first infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Cascarano
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.C.C.); (K.K.)
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
| | - Maja Ruetten
- Pathovet AG, 8317 Tagelswangen, Switzerland; (M.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Lloyd Vaughan
- Pathovet AG, 8317 Tagelswangen, Switzerland; (M.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Maria Ioanna Tsertou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
| | - Dimitra Georgopoulou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
| | - Kleoniki Keklikoglou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.C.C.); (K.K.)
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
| | - Nikos Papandroulakis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
| | - Pantelis Katharios
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (M.I.T.); (D.G.); (N.P.)
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24
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Sun X, Perl AK, Li R, Bell SM, Sajti E, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV, Misra RS, Deshmukh H, Clair G, Kyle J, Crotty Alexander LE, Masso-Silva JA, Kitzmiller JA, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Deutsch G, Guo M, Du Y, Morley MP, Valdez MJ, Yu HV, Jin K, Bardes EE, Zepp JA, Neithamer T, Basil MC, Zacharias WJ, Verheyden J, Young R, Bandyopadhyay G, Lin S, Ansong C, Adkins J, Salomonis N, Aronow BJ, Xu Y, Pryhuber G, Whitsett J, Morrisey EE. A census of the lung: CellCards from LungMAP. Dev Cell 2022; 57:112-145.e2. [PMID: 34936882 PMCID: PMC9202574 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The human lung plays vital roles in respiration, host defense, and basic physiology. Recent technological advancements such as single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic lineage tracing have revealed novel cell types and enriched functional properties of existing cell types in lung. The time has come to take a new census. Initiated by members of the NHLBI-funded LungMAP Consortium and aided by experts in the lung biology community, we synthesized current data into a comprehensive and practical cellular census of the lung. Identities of cell types in the normal lung are captured in individual cell cards with delineation of function, markers, developmental lineages, heterogeneity, regenerative potential, disease links, and key experimental tools. This publication will serve as the starting point of a live, up-to-date guide for lung research at https://www.lungmap.net/cell-cards/. We hope that Lung CellCards will promote the community-wide effort to establish, maintain, and restore respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Anne-Karina Perl
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Rongbo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sheila M Bell
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eniko Sajti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ravi S Misra
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Geremy Clair
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer Kyle
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Laura E Crotty Alexander
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jorge A Masso-Silva
- Deparment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph A Kitzmiller
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gail Deutsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, OC.8.720, 4800 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yina Du
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoze V Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kang Jin
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric E Bardes
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Terren Neithamer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jamie Verheyden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Randee Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sara Lin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua Adkins
- Biological Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics, Developmental Biology, and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jeff Whitsett
- Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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25
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A 'tad' of hope in the fight against airway disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2347-2357. [PMID: 33079166 PMCID: PMC7614538 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Xenopus tadpoles have emerged as a powerful in vivo model system to study mucociliary epithelia such as those found in the human airways. The tadpole skin has mucin-secreting cells, motile multi-ciliated cells, ionocytes (control local ionic homeostasis) and basal stem cells. This cellular architecture is very similar to the large airways of the human lungs and represents an easily accessible and experimentally tractable model system to explore the molecular details of mucociliary epithelia. Each of the cell types in the tadpole skin has a human equivalent and a conserved network of genes and signalling pathways for their differentiation has been discovered. Great insight into the function of each of the cell types has been achieved using the Xenopus model and this has enhanced our understanding of airway disease. This simple model has already had a profound impact on the field but, as molecular technologies (e.g. gene editing and live imaging) continue to develop apace, its use for understanding individual cell types and their interactions will likely increase. For example, its small size and genetic tractability make it an ideal model for live imaging of a mucociliary surface especially during environmental challenges such as infection. Further potential exists for the mimicking of human genetic mutations that directly cause airway disease and for the pre-screening of drugs against novel therapeutic targets.
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26
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Hicks-Berthet J, Ning B, Federico A, Tilston-Lunel A, Matschulat A, Ai X, Lenburg ME, Beane J, Monti S, Varelas X. Yap/Taz inhibit goblet cell fate to maintain lung epithelial homeostasis. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109347. [PMID: 34260916 PMCID: PMC8346236 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper lung function relies on the precise balance of specialized epithelial cells that coordinate to maintain homeostasis. Herein, we describe essential roles for the transcriptional regulators YAP/TAZ in maintaining lung epithelial homeostasis, reporting that conditional deletion of Yap and Wwtr1/Taz in the lung epithelium of adult mice results in severe defects, including alveolar disorganization and the development of airway mucin hypersecretion. Through in vivo lineage tracing and in vitro molecular experiments, we reveal that reduced YAP/TAZ activity promotes intrinsic goblet transdifferentiation of secretory airway epithelial cells. Global gene expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses suggest that YAP/TAZ act cooperatively with TEA domain (TEAD) transcription factors and the NuRD complex to suppress the goblet cell fate program, directly repressing the SPDEF gene. Collectively, our study identifies YAP/TAZ as critical factors in lung epithelial homeostasis and offers molecular insight into the mechanisms promoting goblet cell differentiation, which is a hallmark of many lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hicks-Berthet
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Medicine, Computational Biomedicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Anthony Federico
- Department of Medicine, Computational Biomedicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew Tilston-Lunel
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Adeline Matschulat
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Neonatology and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marc E Lenburg
- Department of Medicine, Computational Biomedicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jennifer Beane
- Department of Medicine, Computational Biomedicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Stefano Monti
- Department of Medicine, Computational Biomedicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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27
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Carlier FM, de Fays C, Pilette C. Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:691227. [PMID: 34248677 PMCID: PMC8264588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.691227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and pathogens. The underlying mechanisms of host protection encompass multiple physical, chemical, and immune pathways. In the lung, inhaled agents continually challenge the airway epithelial barrier, which is altered in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we describe the epithelial barrier abnormalities that are observed in such disorders and summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms driving impaired barrier function, which could represent targets of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- François M. Carlier
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Charlotte de Fays
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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28
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Rhinovirus Reduces the Severity of Subsequent Respiratory Viral Infections by Interferon-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms. mSphere 2021; 6:e0047921. [PMID: 34160242 PMCID: PMC8265665 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00479-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coinfection by heterologous viruses in the respiratory tract is common and can alter disease severity compared to infection by individual virus strains. We previously found that inoculation of mice with rhinovirus (RV) 2 days before inoculation with a lethal dose of influenza A virus [A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) (PR8)] provides complete protection against mortality. Here, we extended that finding to a second lethal respiratory virus, pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), and analyzed potential mechanisms of RV-induced protection. RV completely prevented mortality and weight loss associated with PVM infection. Major changes in host gene expression upon PVM infection were delayed compared to PR8. RV induced earlier recruitment of inflammatory cells, which were reduced at later times in RV-inoculated mice. Findings common to both virus pairs included the upregulated expression of mucin-associated genes and dampening of inflammation-related genes in mice that were inoculated with RV before lethal virus infection. However, type I interferon (IFN) signaling was required for RV-mediated protection against PR8 but not PVM. IFN signaling had minor effects on PR8 replication and contributed to controlling neutrophilic inflammation and hemorrhagic lung pathology in RV/PR8-infected mice. These findings, combined with differences in virus replication levels and disease severity, suggest that the suppression of inflammation in RV/PVM-infected mice may be due to early, IFN-independent suppression of viral replication, while that in RV/PR8-infected mice may be due to IFN-dependent modulation of immune responses. Thus, a mild upper respiratory viral infection can reduce the severity of a subsequent severe viral infection in the lungs through virus-dependent mechanisms. IMPORTANCE Respiratory viruses from diverse families cocirculate in human populations and are frequently detected within the same host. Although clinical studies suggest that infection by multiple different respiratory viruses may alter disease severity, animal models in which we can control the doses, timing, and strains of coinfecting viruses are critical to understanding how coinfection affects disease severity. Here, we compared gene expression and immune cell recruitment between two pairs of viruses (RV/PR8 and RV/PVM) inoculated sequentially in mice, both of which result in reduced severity compared to lethal infection by PR8 or PVM alone. Reduced disease severity was associated with suppression of inflammatory responses in the lungs. However, differences in disease kinetics and host and viral gene expression suggest that protection by coinfection with RV may be due to distinct molecular mechanisms. Indeed, we found that antiviral cytokine signaling was required for RV-mediated protection against lethal infection by PR8 but not PVM.
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29
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Xu-Chen X, Weinstock J, Rastogi D, Koumbourlis A, Nino G. The airway epithelium during infancy and childhood: A complex multicellular immune barrier. Basic review for clinicians. Paediatr Respir Rev 2021; 38:9-15. [PMID: 34030977 PMCID: PMC8859843 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The airway epithelium is a complex multicellular layer that extends from the nasopharynx to the small airways. It functions as an immune respiratory barrier during early life that develops, matures, and regenerates to adapt to the changes in the environment. While airway epithelial abnormalities have been identified in several clinical disorders, there is increasing interest in understanding its basic regulation and structure in humans. Indeed, recent advances in technology (e.g. single-cell analysis and new human airway epithelial cell models) have allowed us to identify additional cellular subtypes and functions that overall have greatly improved our understanding of the airway epithelium during health and disease. In this review we summarize key features of the airway epithelium including: 1) multilayer structure and cell heterogeneity; 2) adaptability to different environmental and developmental stimuli; 3) innate recognition; and 4) orchestration of immune responses. We discuss these features with a translational and clinical prospective focusing on the development of human respiratory immunity, particularly during early life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, USA.
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30
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Devadoss D, Acharya A, Manevski M, Pandey K, Borchert GM, Nair M, Mirsaeidi M, Byrareddy SN, Chand HS. Distinct Mucoinflammatory Phenotype and the Immunomodulatory Long Noncoding Transcripts Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Airway Infection. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021:2021.05.13.21257152. [PMID: 34031668 PMCID: PMC8142670 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.13.21257152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory epithelial cells are the primary target for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We investigated the 3D human airway tissue model to evaluate innate epithelial cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. A SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate productively infected the 3D-airway model with a time-dependent increase in viral load (VL) and concurrent upregulation of airway immunomodulatory factors ( IL-6, ICAM-1 , and SCGB1A1 ) and respiratory mucins ( MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC2 , and MUC4) , and differential modulation of select long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs i.e., LASI, TOSL, NEAT1 , and MALAT1 ). Next, we examined these immunomodulators in the COVID-19 patient nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from subjects with high- or low-VLs (∼100-fold difference). As compared to low-VL, high-VL patients had prominent mucoinflammatory signature with elevated expression of IL-6, ICAM-1, SCGB1A1, SPDEF, MUC5AC, MUC5B , and MUC4 . Interestingly, LASI, TOSL , and NEAT1 lncRNA expressions were also markedly elevated in high-VL patients with no change in MALAT1 expression. In addition, dual-staining of LASI and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid N1 RNA showed predominantly nuclear/perinuclear localization at 24 hpi in 3D-airway model as well as in high-VL COVID-19 patient nasopharyngeal cells, which exhibited high MUC5AC immunopositivity. Collectively, these findings suggest SARS-CoV-2 induced lncRNAs may play a role in acute mucoinflammatory response observed in symptomatic COVID-19 patients.
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31
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Malaviya R, Zhou Z, Raymond H, Wertheimer J, Jones B, Bunting R, Wilkinson P, Madireddy L, Hall L, Ryan M, Rao TS. Repeated exposure of house dust mite induces progressive airway inflammation in mice: Differential roles of CCL17 and IL-13. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00770. [PMID: 33929099 PMCID: PMC8085917 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a systematic evaluation of lung inflammation indued by repeated intranasal exposure (for 10 consecutive days) to a human aeroallergen, house dust mite (HDM) in BALB/c mice. Peak influx of neutrophils, monocytes/lymphocytes, and eosinophils was observed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on days 1, 7 and 11, respectively, and normalized to baseline by day 21. Peak elevations of Th2, myeloid-derived cytokines/chemokines and serum IgE were seen both in BAL and lung tissue homogenates between days 7 and 11, and declined thereafter; however, IL-33 levels remained elevated from day 7 to day 21. Airway hyperreactivity to inhaled methacholine was significantly increased by day 11 and decreased to baseline by day 21. The lung tissue showed perivascular and peribronchial cuffing, epithelial hypertrophy and hyperplasia and goblet cell formation in airways by day 11, and resolution by day 21. Levels of soluble collagen and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) also increased reflecting tissue remodeling in the lung. Microarray analysis demonstrated a significant time-dependent up-regulation of several genes including IL-33, CLCA3, CCL17, CD4, CD10, CD27, IL-13, Foxa3, IL-4, IL-10, and CD19, in BAL cells as well as the lung. Pre-treatment of HDM challenged mice with CCL17 and IL-13 antibodies reduced BAL cellularity, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and histopathological changes. Notably, anti-IL-13, but not anti-CCL17 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reduced BAL neutrophilia while both mAbs attenuated eosinophilia. These results suggest that CCL17 has an overlapping, yet distinct profile versus IL-13 in the HDM model of pulmonary inflammation and potential for CCL17-based therapeutics in treating Th2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Malaviya
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Zhao Zhou
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Holly Raymond
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Josh Wertheimer
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Brian Jones
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Rachel Bunting
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Patrick Wilkinson
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Lohith Madireddy
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - LeRoy Hall
- Drug Safety Sciences (L.R.) Janssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Mary Ryan
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
| | - Tadimeti S. Rao
- Discovery ImmunologyJanssen Research & Development, LLCSpring HousePAUSA
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Single-Cell and Population Transcriptomics Reveal Pan-epithelial Remodeling in Type 2-High Asthma. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107872. [PMID: 32640237 PMCID: PMC8046336 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The type 2 cytokine-high asthma endotype (T2H) is characterized by IL-13-driven mucus obstruction of the airways. To further investigate this incompletely understood pathobiology, we characterize IL-13 effects on human airway epithelial cell cultures using single-cell RNA sequencing, finding that IL-13 generates a distinctive transcriptional state for each cell type. Specifically, we discover a mucus secretory program induced by IL-13 in all cell types which converts both mucus and defense secretory cells into a metaplastic state with emergent mucin production and secretion, while leading to ER stress and cell death in ciliated cells. The IL-13-remodeled epithelium secretes a pathologic, mucin-imbalanced, and innate immunity-depleted proteome that arrests mucociliary motion. Signatures of IL-13-induced cellular remodeling are mirrored by transcriptional signatures characteristic of the nasal airway epithelium within T2H versus T2-low asthmatic children. Our results reveal the epithelium-wide scope of T2H asthma and present candidate therapeutic targets for restoring normal epithelial function. Using airway epithelial cell cultures, Jackson et al. show that IL-13, a driver of type 2-high asthma, induces emergent mucus secretory expression states for each cell type. This program universally diminishes innate airway defense, produces a pathologic mucus secretome that arrests mucociliary movement, and is recapitulated in type 2 inflamed children.
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33
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Adivitiya, Kaushik MS, Chakraborty S, Veleri S, Kateriya S. Mucociliary Respiratory Epithelium Integrity in Molecular Defense and Susceptibility to Pulmonary Viral Infections. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:95. [PMID: 33572760 PMCID: PMC7911113 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucociliary defense, mediated by the ciliated and goblet cells, is fundamental to respiratory fitness. The concerted action of ciliary movement on the respiratory epithelial surface and the pathogen entrapment function of mucus help to maintain healthy airways. Consequently, genetic or acquired defects in lung defense elicit respiratory diseases and secondary microbial infections that inflict damage on pulmonary function and may even be fatal. Individuals living with chronic and acute respiratory diseases are more susceptible to develop severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) illness and hence should be proficiently managed. In light of the prevailing pandemic, we review the current understanding of the respiratory system and its molecular components with a major focus on the pathophysiology arising due to collapsed respiratory epithelium integrity such as abnormal ciliary movement, cilia loss and dysfunction, ciliated cell destruction, and changes in mucus rheology. The review includes protein interaction networks of coronavirus infection-manifested implications on the molecular machinery that regulates mucociliary clearance. We also provide an insight into the alteration of the transcriptional networks of genes in the nasopharynx associated with the mucociliary clearance apparatus in humans upon infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adivitiya
- Laboratory of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.); (M.S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Manish Singh Kaushik
- Laboratory of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.); (M.S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Soura Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.); (M.S.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Shobi Veleri
- Drug Safety Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India;
| | - Suneel Kateriya
- Laboratory of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.); (M.S.K.); (S.C.)
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34
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Deprez M, Zaragosi LE, Truchi M, Becavin C, Ruiz García S, Arguel MJ, Plaisant M, Magnone V, Lebrigand K, Abelanet S, Brau F, Paquet A, Pe'er D, Marquette CH, Leroy S, Barbry P. A Single-Cell Atlas of the Human Healthy Airways. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 202:1636-1645. [PMID: 32726565 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201911-2199oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The respiratory tract constitutes an elaborate line of defense that is based on a unique cellular ecosystem.Objectives: We aimed to investigate cell population distributions and transcriptional changes along the airways by using single-cell RNA profiling.Methods: We have explored the cellular heterogeneity of the human airway epithelium in 10 healthy living volunteers by single-cell RNA profiling. A total of 77,969 cells were collected at 35 distinct locations, from the nose to the 12th division of the airway tree.Measurements and Main Results: The resulting atlas is composed of a high percentage of epithelial cells (89.1%) but also immune (6.2%) and stromal (4.7%) cells with distinct cellular proportions in different regions of the airways. It reveals differential gene expression between identical cell types (suprabasal, secretory, and multiciliated cells) from the nose (MUC4, PI3, SIX3) and tracheobronchial (SCGB1A1, TFF3) airways. By contrast, cell-type-specific gene expression is stable across all tracheobronchial samples. Our atlas improves the description of ionocytes, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and brush cells and identifies a related population of NREP-positive cells. We also report the association of KRT13 with dividing cells that are reminiscent of previously described mouse "hillock" cells and with squamous cells expressing SCEL and SPRR1A/B.Conclusions: Robust characterization of a single-cell cohort in healthy airways establishes a valuable resource for future investigations. The precise description of the continuum existing from the nasal epithelium to successive divisions of the airways and the stable gene expression profile of these regions better defines conditions under which relevant tracheobronchial proxies of human respiratory diseases can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Deprez
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Marin Truchi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Christophe Becavin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Sandra Ruiz García
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Arguel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Magali Plaisant
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Virginie Magnone
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Sophie Abelanet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Agnès Paquet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Charles-Hugo Marquette
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OncoAge, CNRS, Inserm, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice Team 3, Pulmonology Department, Nice, France
| | - Sylvie Leroy
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OncoAge, CNRS, Inserm, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice Team 3, Pulmonology Department, Nice, France
| | - Pascal Barbry
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia-Antipolis, France
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35
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Cellular and functional heterogeneity of the airway epithelium. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:978-990. [PMID: 33608655 PMCID: PMC7893625 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The airway epithelium protects us from environmental insults, which we encounter with every breath. Not only does it passively filter large particles, it also senses potential danger and alerts other cells, including immune and nervous cells. Together, these tissues orchestrate the most appropriate response, balancing the need to eliminate the danger with the risk of damage to the host. Each cell subset within the airway epithelium plays its part, and when impaired, may contribute to the development of respiratory disease. Here we highlight recent advances regarding the cellular and functional heterogeneity along the airway epithelium and discuss how we can use this knowledge to design more effective, targeted therapeutics.
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36
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Johnston SL, Goldblatt DL, Evans SE, Tuvim MJ, Dickey BF. Airway Epithelial Innate Immunity. Front Physiol 2021; 12:749077. [PMID: 34899381 PMCID: PMC8662554 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.749077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides providing an essential protective barrier, airway epithelial cells directly sense pathogens and respond defensively. This is a frontline component of the innate immune system with specificity for different pathogen classes. It occurs in the context of numerous interactions with leukocytes, but here we focus on intrinsic epithelial mechanisms. Type 1 immune responses are directed primarily at intracellular pathogens, particularly viruses. Prominent stimuli include microbial nucleic acids and interferons released from neighboring epithelial cells. Epithelial responses revolve around changes in the expression of interferon-sensitive genes (ISGs) that interfere with viral replication, as well as the further induction of interferons that signal in autocrine and paracrine manners. Type 2 immune responses are directed primarily at helminths and fungi. Prominent pathogen stimuli include proteases and chitin, and important responses include mucin hypersecretion and chitinase release. Type 3 immune responses are directed primarily at extracellular microbial pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, as well as viruses during their extracellular phase of infection. Prominent microbial stimuli include bacterial wall components, such as lipopeptides and endotoxin, as well as microbial nucleic acids. Key responses are the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). For all three types of response, paracrine signaling to neighboring epithelial cells induces resistance to infection over a wide field. Often, the epithelial effector molecules themselves also have signaling properties, in addition to the release of inflammatory cytokines that boost local innate immunity. Together, these epithelial mechanisms provide a powerful first line of pathogen defense, recruit leukocytes, and instruct adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian L Johnston
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David L Goldblatt
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,University of Texas Rio Grande School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States
| | - Scott E Evans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael J Tuvim
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Burton F Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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37
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Zhan X, Zhao A. Transcription factor FOXA3 promotes the development of Hepatoblastoma via regulating HNF1A, AFP, and ZFHX3 expression. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23686. [PMID: 33368532 PMCID: PMC7957975 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this research paper, we aimed to study the role of FOXA3 in hepatoblastoma (HB) and the molecular mechanism. Methods Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine the expression situation of FOXA3 and AFP in HB tissues and the adjacent normal tissues. FOXA3, HNF1A, and ZFHX3 expressions in HB tissues and the normal tissues were measured by Western blot. HB cell lines were randomly divided into 4 groups: Model, si‐NC, si‐FOXA3‐1, and si‐FOXA3‐2 group. The HB cell viability and colony formation characteristics in the 4 groups were explored by CCK‐8 and cell cloning formation assay, respectively. The expression of FOXA3, AFP, HNF1A, ZFHX3, and MYC in HB cells after knockdown of FOXA3 was measured. Results FOXA3, AFP, and HNF1A expressions were significantly up‐regulated in HB tissues, while ZFHX3 expression was down‐regulated. Knockdown of FOXA3 markedly inhibited HB cell viability and cloning formation ability. Knockdown of FOXA3 decreased FOXA3, AFP, and HNF1A/MYC expression, while increased ZFHX3 expression. Conclusion FOXA3 promotes the occurrence and development of HB by up‐regulating AFP and HNF1A/MYC expression, and down‐regulating ZFHX3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhan
- Department of Childhood Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei province, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Alan Zhao
- Department of Childhood Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei province, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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38
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Nawroth JC, Lucchesi C, Cheng D, Shukla A, Ngyuen J, Shroff T, Varone A, Karalis K, Lee HH, Alves S, Hamilton GA, Salmon M, Villenave R. A Microengineered Airway Lung Chip Models Key Features of Viral-induced Exacerbation of Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:591-600. [PMID: 32706623 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0010ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral-induced exacerbation of asthma remains a major cause of hospitalization and mortality. New human-relevant models of the airways are urgently needed to understand how respiratory infections may trigger asthma attacks and to advance treatment development. Here, we describe a new human-relevant model of rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbation that recapitulates viral infection of asthmatic airway epithelium and neutrophil transepithelial migration, and enables evaluation of immunomodulatory therapy. Specifically, a microengineered model of fully differentiated human mucociliary airway epithelium was stimulated with IL-13 to induce a T-helper cell type 2 asthmatic phenotype and infected with live human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16) to reproduce key features of viral-induced asthma exacerbation. We observed that the infection with HRV16 replicated key hallmarks of the cytopathology and inflammatory responses observed in human airways. Generation of a T-helper cell type 2 microenvironment through exogenous IL-13 stimulation induced features of asthmatic airways, including goblet cell hyperplasia, reduction of cilia beating frequency, and endothelial activation, but did not alter rhinovirus infectivity or replication. High-resolution kinetic analysis of secreted inflammatory markers revealed that IL-13 treatment altered IL-6, IFN-λ1, and CXCL10 secretion in response to HRV16. Neutrophil transepithelial migration was greatest when viral infection was combined with IL-13 treatment, whereas treatment with MK-7123, a CXCR2 antagonist, reduced neutrophil diapedesis in all conditions. In conclusion, our microengineered Airway Lung-Chip provides a novel human-relevant platform for exploring the complex mechanisms underlying viral-induced asthma exacerbation. Our data suggest that IL-13 may impair the hosts' ability to mount an appropriate and coordinated immune response to rhinovirus infection. We also show that the Airway Lung-Chip can be used to assess the efficacy of modulators of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Massachusetts
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39
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Helling BA, Sobreira DR, Hansen GT, Sakabe NJ, Luo K, Billstrand C, Laxman B, Nicolae RI, Nicolae DL, Bochkov YA, Gern JE, Nobrega MA, White SR, Ober C. Altered transcriptional and chromatin responses to rhinovirus in bronchial epithelial cells from adults with asthma. Commun Biol 2020; 3:678. [PMID: 33188283 PMCID: PMC7666152 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a life-long relationship between rhinovirus (RV) infection and the development and clinical manifestations of asthma. In this study we demonstrate that cultured primary bronchial epithelial cells from adults with asthma (n = 9) show different transcriptional and chromatin responses to RV infection compared to those without asthma (n = 9). Both the number and magnitude of transcriptional and chromatin responses to RV were muted in cells from asthma cases compared to controls. Pathway analysis of the transcriptionally responsive genes revealed enrichments of apoptotic pathways in controls but inflammatory pathways in asthma cases. Using promoter capture Hi-C we tethered regions of RV-responsive chromatin to RV-responsive genes and showed enrichment of these regions and genes at asthma GWAS loci. Taken together, our studies indicate a delayed or prolonged inflammatory state in cells from asthma cases and highlight genes that may contribute to genetic risk for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney A Helling
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Débora R Sobreira
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Grace T Hansen
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Noboru J Sakabe
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Kaixuan Luo
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Bharathi Laxman
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Raluca I Nicolae
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Dan L Nicolae
- Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yury A Bochkov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - James E Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Marcelo A Nobrega
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Steven R White
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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40
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Parekh KR, Nawroth J, Pai A, Busch SM, Senger CN, Ryan AL. Stem cells and lung regeneration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C675-C693. [PMID: 32783658 PMCID: PMC7654650 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00036.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to replace defective cells in an airway with cells that can engraft, integrate, and restore a functional epithelium could potentially cure a number of lung diseases. Progress toward the development of strategies to regenerate the adult lung by either in vivo or ex vivo targeting of endogenous stem cells or pluripotent stem cell derivatives is limited by our fundamental lack of understanding of the mechanisms controlling human lung development, the precise identity and function of human lung stem and progenitor cell types, and the genetic and epigenetic control of human lung fate. In this review, we intend to discuss the known stem/progenitor cell populations, their relative differences between rodents and humans, their roles in chronic lung disease, and their therapeutic prospects. Additionally, we highlight the recent breakthroughs that have increased our understanding of these cell types. These advancements include novel lineage-traced animal models and single-cell RNA sequencing of human airway cells, which have provided critical information on the stem cell subtypes, transition states, identifying cell markers, and intricate pathways that commit a stem cell to differentiate or to maintain plasticity. As our capacity to model the human lung evolves, so will our understanding of lung regeneration and our ability to target endogenous stem cells as a therapeutic approach for lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpaj R Parekh
- Department Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Janna Nawroth
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert Pai
- Department Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Shana M Busch
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christiana N Senger
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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41
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Horisawa K, Udono M, Ueno K, Ohkawa Y, Nagasaki M, Sekiya S, Suzuki A. The Dynamics of Transcriptional Activation by Hepatic Reprogramming Factors. Mol Cell 2020; 79:660-676.e8. [PMID: 32755593 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Specific combinations of two transcription factors (Hnf4α plus Foxa1, Foxa2, or Foxa3) can induce direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic reprogramming are largely unknown. Here, we show that the Foxa protein family members and Hnf4α sequentially and cooperatively bind to chromatin to activate liver-specific gene expression. Although all Foxa proteins bind to and open regions of closed chromatin as pioneer factors, Foxa3 has the unique potential of transferring from the distal to proximal regions of the transcription start site of target genes, binding RNA polymerase II, and co-traversing target genes. These distinctive characteristics of Foxa3 are essential for inducing the hepatic fate in fibroblasts. Similar functional coupling of transcription factors to RNA polymerase II may occur in other contexts whereby transcriptional activation can induce cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Horisawa
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Miyako Udono
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuko Ueno
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohkawa
- Division of Transcriptomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masao Nagasaki
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Human Biosciences Unit for the Top Global Course, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Sayaka Sekiya
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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42
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Wang Y, Ninaber DK, van Schadewijk A, Hiemstra PS. Tiotropium and Fluticasone Inhibit Rhinovirus-Induced Mucin Production via Multiple Mechanisms in Differentiated Airway Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:278. [PMID: 32637364 PMCID: PMC7318795 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are associated with acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, which are accompanied by mucus hypersecretion. Whereas, various studies have shown that HRVs increase epithelial mucin production and thus may directly contribute to mucus hypersecretion. The effects of drugs used in the treatment of COPD and asthma on HRV-induced mucin production in epithelial cell cultures have not been studied. In the present study, we assessed effects of HRVs on mucin production and secretion in well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) and studied the effect of the inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist tiotropium bromide on this process. Differentiated PBEC that were cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI-PBEC) were infected with HRV-A16 and HRV-1B. Quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and immunostaining assays were used to assess the effects of HRV infection. Here we demonstrate that both HRV-A16 and HRV-1B increased mucin (MUC5AC and MUC5B) gene expression and protein release. When exploring this in more detail in HRV-A16-infected epithelial cells, mucin expression was found to be accompanied by increases in expression of SAM-pointed domain-containing Ets-like factor (SPDEF) and SPDEF-regulated genes known to be involved in the regulation of mucin production. We also found that pre-treatment with the purinergic P2R antagonist suramin inhibits HRV-enhanced MUC5AC expression and protein release, implicating involvement of purinergic signaling by extracellular ATP. We furthermore found that both fluticasone and tiotropium decreased HRV-induced mucin production without affecting viral replication, and obtained evidence to suggest that the inhibitory effect of fluticasone involved modulation of SPDEF-regulated genes and extracellular ATP release. These data show that both tiotropium and fluticasone inhibit HRV-induced epithelial mucin production independent of viral clearance, and thus provide insight into the mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of tiotropium and fluticasone in the treatment of COPD, asthma and accompanying exacerbations in these patients. Furthermore, our findings provide additional insight into the mechanisms by which HRV increases epithelial mucin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Dennis K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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D’Anna SE, Maniscalco M, Carriero V, Gnemmi I, Caramori G, Nucera F, Righi L, Brun P, Balbi B, Adcock IM, Stella MG, Ricciardolo FL, Di Stefano A. Evaluation of Innate Immune Mediators Related to Respiratory Viruses in the Lung of Stable COPD Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061807. [PMID: 32531971 PMCID: PMC7356645 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the innate immune response to viral infections in stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objectives: To evaluate the innate immune mediators related to respiratory viruses in the bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma of stable COPD patients. Methods: We evaluated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Toll-like receptors 3-7-8-9 (TLR-3-7-8-9), TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFNβ (TRIF), Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 3 (pIRF3), Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 7 (pIRF7), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG1), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX58 (LGP2), Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), DNA-dependent activator of IFN regulatory factors (DAI), forkhead box protein A3(FOXA3), Interferon alfa (IFNα), and Interferon beta (IFNβ) in the bronchial mucosa of patients with mild/moderate (n = 16), severe/very severe (n = 1618) stable COPD, control smokers (CS) (n = 1612), and control non-smokers (CNS) (n = 1612). We performed similar IHC analyses in peripheral lung from COPD (n = 1612) and CS (n = 1612). IFNα and IFNβ were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatant from CNS (n = 168), CS (n = 169) and mild/moderate COPD (n = 1612). Viral load, including adenovirus-B, -C, Bocavirus, Respiratory syncytial Virus (RSV), Human Rhinovirus (HRV), Coronavirus, Influenza virus A (FLU-A), Influenza virus B (FLU-B), and Parainfluenzae-1 were measured in bronchial rings and lung parenchyma of COPD patients and the related control group (CS). Results: Among the viral-related innate immune mediators, RIG1, LGP2, MAVS, STING, and DAI resulted well expressed in the bronchial and lung tissues of COPD patients, although not in a significantly different mode from control groups. Compared to CS, COPD patients showed no significant differences of viral load in bronchial rings and lung parenchyma. Conclusions: Some virus-related molecules are well-expressed in the lung tissue and bronchi of stable COPD patients independently of the disease severity, suggesting a “primed” tissue environment capable of sensing the potential viral infections occurring in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvestro E. D’Anna
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Divisione di Pneumologia Telese, Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Benevento, Italy;
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Divisione di Pneumologia Telese, Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Benevento, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0824-909357
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano (Torino), Università di Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Torino, Italy; (V.C.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell’Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Via Revislate 13, 28010 Novara, Italy; (I.G.); (B.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.N.)
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.N.)
| | - Luisella Righi
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, SCDU, Anatomia Patologica, AOU, San Luigi, Orbassano, Università di Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Torino, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sezione di Istologia, Università di Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell’Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Via Revislate 13, 28010 Novara, Italy; (I.G.); (B.B.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, UK;
| | - Maria Grazia Stella
- Unità Operativa di Medicina, Ospedale G. Giglio Cefalù, Contrada Pietrapollastra, Via Pisciotto, 90015 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Fabio L.M. Ricciardolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano (Torino), Università di Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Torino, Italy; (V.C.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell’Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Via Revislate 13, 28010 Novara, Italy; (I.G.); (B.B.); (A.D.S.)
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Altered Transcription Factor Binding and Gene Bivalency in Islets of Intrauterine Growth Retarded Rats. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061435. [PMID: 32527043 PMCID: PMC7348746 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), which induces epigenetic modifications and permanent changes in gene expression, has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. Using a rat model of IUGR, we performed ChIP-Seq to identify and map genome-wide histone modifications and gene dysregulation in islets from 2- and 10-week rats. IUGR induced significant changes in the enrichment of H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and H3K27Ac marks in both 2-wk and 10-wk islets, which were correlated with expression changes of multiple genes critical for islet function in IUGR islets. ChIP-Seq analysis showed that IUGR-induced histone mark changes were enriched at critical transcription factor binding motifs, such as C/EBPs, Ets1, Bcl6, Thrb, Ebf1, Sox9, and Mitf. These transcription factors were also identified as top upstream regulators in our previously published transcriptome study. In addition, our ChIP-seq data revealed more than 1000 potential bivalent genes as identified by enrichment of both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. The poised state of many potential bivalent genes was altered by IUGR, particularly Acod1, Fgf21, Serpina11, Cdh16, Lrrc27, and Lrrc66, key islet genes. Collectively, our findings suggest alterations of histone modification in key transcription factors and genes that may contribute to long-term gene dysregulation and an abnormal islet phenotype in IUGR rats.
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He LL, Xu F, Zhan XQ, Chen ZH, Shen HH. Identification of critical genes associated with the development of asthma by co-expression modules construction. Mol Immunol 2020; 123:18-25. [PMID: 32388106 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a worldwide problem that is caused by complex underlying immune dysregulation. The identification of potential prognostic markers of asthma may provide information for treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore the key mechanisms involved in the development of asthma on the basis of microarray analysis. METHODS The expression profile data of GSE43696, which contains 20 endobronchial epithelial brushing samples from healthy patients and 88 from asthma patients, were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. For the present study, we built co-expression modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). This new analysis strategy was applied to the data set to investigate the relationships underlying the modules and the pathogenesis of asthma. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on these co-expression genes from the modules, and a gene network was then constructed. In addition, mouse models of HDM-induced and OVA-induced asthma were established, and the expression of hub genes was measured. RESULTS First, using WGCNA, 20 co-expression modules were constructed with 19,596 genes obtained from 108 human endobronchial epithelial brushing samples. The number of genes within the modules ranged from 41 to 845. According to the colours assigned by the system, the module positively correlated with asthma status was named 'red module', and the module positively correlated with asthma severity was named 'purple module'. The results of a functional enrichment analysis showed that the red module was mainly enriched in intracellular calcium-activated chloride channel activity, intracellular chloride channel activity and endopeptidase inhibitor activity. The purple module was mainly enriched in microtubule motor activity and microtubule-binding and motor activity. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of the 15 hub genes were confirmed to be significantly upregulated in the HDM mouse model, and 12 hub genes were upregulated in the OVA model. CONCLUSIONS The hub genes ANO7, PYCR1 and UBE2C might play potential roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. Our findings provided a framework of co-expression gene modules of asthma and led to the identification of some new markers that might be potential targets for the development of new drugs and diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu He
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Hao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China.
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Feldman MB, Wood M, Lapey A, Mou H. SMAD Signaling Restricts Mucous Cell Differentiation in Human Airway Epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:322-331. [PMID: 30848657 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0326oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin-secreting goblet cell metaplasia and hyperplasia (GCMH) is a common pathological phenotype in many human respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and infections. A better understanding of how goblet cell quantities or proportions in the airway epithelium are regulated may provide novel therapeutic targets to mitigate GCMH in these devastating diseases. We identify canonical SMAD signaling as the principal pathway restricting goblet cell differentiation in human airway epithelium. Differentiated goblet cells express low levels of phosphorylated SMAD. Accordingly, inhibition of SMAD signaling markedly amplifies GCMH induced by mucous mediators. In contrast, SMAD signaling activation impedes goblet cell generation and accelerates the resolution of preexisting GCMH. SMAD signaling inhibition can override the suppressive effects imposed by a GABAergic receptor inhibitor, suggesting the GABAergic pathway likely operates through inhibition of SMAD signaling in regulating mucous differentiation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that SMAD signaling plays a determining role in mucous cell differentiation, and thus raise the possibility that dysregulation of this pathway contributes to respiratory pathophysiology during airway inflammation and pulmonary diseases. In addition, our study also highlights the potential for SMAD modulation as a therapeutic target in mitigating GCMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Feldman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Wood
- the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allen Lapey
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Hongmei Mou
- the Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts; and.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lo Bello F, Ieni A, Hansbro PM, Ruggeri P, Di Stefano A, Nucera F, Coppolino I, Monaco F, Tuccari G, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of the mucins in pathogenesis of COPD: implications for therapy. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:465-483. [PMID: 32133884 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1739525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence accumulated in the last decade has started to reveal the enormous complexity in the expression, interactions and functions of the large number of different mucins present in the different compartments of the human lower airways. This occurs both in normal subjects and in COPD patients in different clinical phases and stages of severity.Areas covered: We review the known physiological mechanisms that regulate mucin production in human lower airways of normal subjects, the changes in mucin synthesis/secretion in COPD patients and the clinical efficacy of drugs that modulate mucin synthesis/secretion.Expert opinion: It is evident that the old simplistic concept that mucus hypersecretion in COPD patients is associated with negative clinical outcomes is not valid and that the therapeutic potential of 'mucolytic drugs' is under-appreciated due to the complexity of the associated molecular network(s). Likewise, our current knowledge of the effects of the drugs already available on the market that target mucin synthesis/secretion/structure in the lower airways is extremely limited and often indirect and more well-controlled clinical trials are needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale di Chirurgia Toracica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), AOU Policlinico "G.martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Zhu Z, Guo Y, Shi H, Liu CL, Panganiban RA, Chung W, O'Connor LJ, Himes BE, Gazal S, Hasegawa K, Camargo CA, Qi L, Moffatt MF, Hu FB, Lu Q, Cookson WOC, Liang L. Shared genetic and experimental links between obesity-related traits and asthma subtypes in UK Biobank. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:537-549. [PMID: 31669095 PMCID: PMC7010560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical and epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity is associated with asthma and that these associations differ by asthma subtype. Little is known about the shared genetic components between obesity and asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify shared genetic associations between obesity-related traits and asthma subtypes in adults. METHODS A cross-trait genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 457,822 subjects of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. Experimental evidence to support the role of genes significantly associated with both obesity-related traits and asthma through a GWAS was sought by using results from obese versus lean mouse RNA sequencing and RT-PCR experiments. RESULTS We found a substantial positive genetic correlation between body mass index and later-onset asthma defined by asthma age of onset at 16 years or greater (Rg = 0.25, P = 9.56 × 10-22). Mendelian randomization analysis provided strong evidence in support of body mass index causally increasing asthma risk. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified 34 shared loci among 3 obesity-related traits and 2 asthma subtypes. GWAS functional analyses identified potential causal relationships between the shared loci and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) quantitative trait loci and shared immune- and cell differentiation-related pathways between obesity and asthma. Finally, RNA sequencing data from lungs of obese versus control mice found that 2 genes (acyl-coenzyme A oxidase-like [ACOXL] and myosin light chain 6 [MYL6]) from the cross-trait meta-analysis were differentially expressed, and these findings were validated by using RT-PCR in an independent set of mice. CONCLUSIONS Our work identified shared genetic components between obesity-related traits and specific asthma subtypes, reinforcing the hypothesis that obesity causally increases the risk of asthma and identifying molecular pathways that might underlie both obesity and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Zhu
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass; Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huwenbo Shi
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass
| | - Cong-Lin Liu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Ronald Allan Panganiban
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health and Genetics & Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Wonil Chung
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass
| | - Luke J O'Connor
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Steven Gazal
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass; Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, La
| | - Miriam F Moffatt
- Section of Genomic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Quan Lu
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Departments of Environmental Health and Genetics & Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - William O C Cookson
- Section of Genomic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Liang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Mass; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.
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Swamynathan SK, Wells A. Conjunctival goblet cells: Ocular surface functions, disorders that affect them, and the potential for their regeneration. Ocul Surf 2020; 18:19-26. [PMID: 31734511 PMCID: PMC7004882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conjunctival goblet cells (CGCs) are specialized cells that produce and secrete soluble mucins to the tear film that bathes the ocular surface. CGC numbers and functions are affected in various ocular surface diseases including dry eye disease with diverse etiologies. In this review we will (i) summarize the important functions of CGCs in ocular surface health, (ii) describe the ocular surface diseases that affect CGC numbers and function, (iii) provide an update on recent research outcomes that elucidate CGC differentiation, gene expression and functions, and (iv) present evidence in support of the prediction that restoring CGC numbers and/or functions is a viable strategy for alleviating ocular surface disorders that impact the CGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivalingappa K Swamynathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Alan Wells
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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WNT/RYK signaling restricts goblet cell differentiation during lung development and repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25697-25706. [PMID: 31776260 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Goblet cell metaplasia and mucus hypersecretion are observed in many pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. However, the regulation of goblet cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we identify a regulator of this process in an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) screen for modulators of postnatal lung development; Ryk mutant mice exhibit lung inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus hypersecretion. RYK functions as a WNT coreceptor, and, in the developing lung, we observed high RYK expression in airway epithelial cells and moderate expression in mesenchymal cells as well as in alveolar epithelial cells. From transcriptomic analyses and follow-up studies, we found decreased WNT/β-catenin signaling activity in the mutant lung epithelium. Epithelial-specific Ryk deletion causes goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hypersecretion but not inflammation, while club cell-specific Ryk deletion in adult stages leads to goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hypersecretion during regeneration. We also found that the airway epithelium of COPD patients often displays goblet cell metaplastic foci, as well as reduced RYK expression. Altogether, our findings reveal that RYK plays important roles in maintaining the balance between airway epithelial cell populations during development and repair, and that defects in RYK expression or function may contribute to the pathogenesis of human lung diseases.
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