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Denison JA, Willis K, DeLong SM, Sievwright KM, Agwu AL, Arrington-Sanders R, Kaufman MR, Prabhu S, Williams AM, Fields EL, Alexander KA, Lee L, Yang C. Advancing Adolescent and Young Adult HIV Prevention and Care and Treatment Through Use of Multi-level Theories and Frameworks: A Scoping Review and Adapted HIV Ecological Framework. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1694-1707. [PMID: 38351279 PMCID: PMC11069483 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
While multi-level theories and frameworks have become a cornerstone in broader efforts to address HIV inequities, little is known regarding their application in adolescent and young adult (AYA) HIV research. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review to assess the use and application of multi-level theories and frameworks in AYA HIV prevention and care and treatment empirical research. We systematically searched five databases for articles published between 2010 and May 2020, screened abstracts, and reviewed eligible full-text articles for inclusion. Of the 5890 citations identified, 1706 underwent full-text review and 88 met the inclusion criteria: 70 focused on HIV prevention, with only 14 on care and treatment, 2 on both HIV prevention and care and treatment, and 2 on HIV-affected AYA. Most authors described the theory-based multi-level framework as informing their data analysis, with only 12 describing it as informing/guiding an intervention. More than seventy different multi-level theories were described, with 38% utilizing socio-ecological models or the eco-developmental theory. Findings were used to inform the adaptation of an AYA World Health Organization multi-level framework specifically to guide AYA HIV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Denison
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street. Room E5546, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Kalai Willis
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie M DeLong
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kirsty M Sievwright
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street. Room E5546, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, US
| | - Allison L Agwu
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Michelle R Kaufman
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street. Room E5546, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ashlie M Williams
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street. Room E5546, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Errol L Fields
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lana Lee
- Adult Clinical Branch, Office of HIV/AIDS, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Boyd DT, Ramos SR, Maragh-Bass AC, Dyer TV, Zigah EY, Abu-Ba'are GR. Influence of families and other adult support on HIV prevention outcomes among black men who have sex with men. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:822. [PMID: 38491379 PMCID: PMC10941365 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has consistently shown that the involvement of families plays a vital role in reducing risk behaviors, such as engaging in condomless sex, and promoting HIV prevention behaviors among young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). With the aim of expanding the existing knowledge, this study aimed to examine the specific influence of families and other supportive adults in facilitating casual condom use, partner condom use, HIV testing, and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among young Black MSM. METHODS A sample of YBMSM aged 18-29 years (N = 400) was collected online. We used a path analysis to examine the influence of family factors on PrEP stigma and PrEP use. Respondents were recruited from December 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. We used a path analysis to examine the direct and indirect effects of family factors on PrEP use through HIV testing and encouraging condom use. RESULTS Among BMSM, other adult support was positive and directly associated with condom use by both casual partners (β = 0.04, p < .05) and partners (β = 0.17, p < .01). Condom use by casual partners was negative and was directly associated with HIV testing (β = - 0.15, p < .01). CONCLUSION The primary aim of this research was to examine the influence of family and adult support on HIV prevention behaviors among young Black MSM, including condom use, HIV testing, and PrEP use. Our findings highlight the significance of implementing interventions that incorporate families and other supportive adults to enhance the engagement of young Black MSM in HIV prevention behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donte T Boyd
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, 1047 College RD, #325K, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
- University of California Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - S Raquel Ramos
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA), Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT, USA
| | - Allysha C Maragh-Bass
- University of California Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- FHI 360, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Typhanye V Dyer
- University of California Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Edem Yaw Zigah
- Behavioral, Sexual, and Global Health Lab, Jama'a Action, West Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gamji Rabiu Abu-Ba'are
- Behavioral, Sexual, and Global Health Lab, Jama'a Action, West Legon, Accra, Ghana
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Hodges JC, McKetchnie SM, González A, Hawkins SS. The Impacts of Inclusionary State Immigrant Policies on Psychosocial Outcomes Among Latinx Adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:355-364. [PMID: 37414094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE State-level policies that exclude immigrants, primarily undocumented, from public services and benefits have been found to have negative psychosocial impacts on Latinx adults, regardless of nativity. The effects of inclusionary policies-that is, extending public benefits to all immigrants-remain underexamined, as well as the impacts on adolescents. METHOD We used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 2009 to 2019 to examine the association between 7 state-level inclusionary policies and bullying victimization, low mood, and suicidality among Latinx adolescents via 2-way fixed-effects log-binomial regression models. RESULTS Banning the use of eVerify in employment was associated with decreased bullying victimization (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.53-0.74), low mood (PR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.98), and suicidality (PR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.86). Extending public health insurance coverage was associated with decreased bullying victimization (PR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.49-0.67), and mandating Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) training for health care workers was associated with decreased low mood (PR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.91). Extending in-state tuition to undocumented students was associated with increased bullying victimization (PR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.30), and extending financial aid was associated with increased bullying victimization (PR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.19), low mood (PR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.40), and suicidality (PR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.89). CONCLUSION The relationships between inclusionary state-level policies and Latinx adolescent psychosocial outcomes were mixed. Although most inclusionary policies were associated with improved psychosocial outcomes, Latinx adolescents residing in states with inclusionary policies related to higher education had worse psychosocial outcomes. Results suggest the importance of elucidating the unintended consequences of well-intentioned policies and the importance of continued efforts to reduce anti-immigrant sentiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Hodges
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
| | | | - Andrés González
- School of Theology and Ministry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
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Wang J, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Xu H, Zhang X, Wan Y, Tao F. The relationship between cumulative ecological risk and health risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:603. [PMID: 38403637 PMCID: PMC10895731 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and individual risky behavior and multiple forms of aggregated behaviors among adolescents, and examine the gender differences. METHODS A large-scale, nationally representative, and students-based investigation was conducted in rural and urban areas of eight provinces in China from October to December 2021. A total of 22 868 adolescents with an average age of 14.64 years completely standardized questionnaire in which the sociodemographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors and risky behaviors were used to analyze. RESULTS Of included students, 48.4% encountered the high level of social-ecological risk. The prevalence of breakfast intake not daily, alcohol use (AU), smoking, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time (ST) on weekdays and weekends, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) was 41.0%, 11.9%, 3.4%, 61.9%, 15.1%, 51.1%, 27.7%, 13.9%, 6.5% and 27.0% respectively. 22.2% of participants engaged in high-risk behaviors. All were significantly influences of increased cumulative ecological risk on individual behavior and low-risk clustering behaviors separately. The odds ratio of breakfast intake not daily, AU, smoking, physical inactivity, prolonged ST in weekday and weekend, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt, and NSSI for the adjusted model in low versus high level of cumulative ecological risk was respectively significant in both boy and girls, and the ratio of odds ratios (ROR) was separately 0.95 (p = 0.228), 0.67 (p < 0.001), 0.44 (p < 0.001), 0.60 (p < 0.001), 0.78 (p = 0.001), 0.83 (p = 0.001), 0.80 (p = 0.001), 0.83 (p = 0.022), 0.71 (p = 0.005), 0.75 (p = 0.001). Girls encountering a high level of cumulative ecological risk were more likely to engage in multiple forms of clustering risky behaviors than boys (RORs: 0.77, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Research and effective inventions at the social-ecological environment, based on the view of cumulative risk, are needed to promote the healthy development of behaviors in adolescence, and pay more attention to decreasing the occurrence of risky behaviours in girls than boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiqiong Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianglin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Moe Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Cordova D, Bauermeister JA, Warner S, Wells P, MacLeod J, Neilands TB, Mendoza Lua F, Delva J, Fessler KB, Smith V, Khreizat S, Boyer C. Efficacy of a Digital Health Preventive Intervention for Adolescents With HIV or Sexually Transmitted Infections and Substance Use Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e47216. [PMID: 38373025 PMCID: PMC10912993 DOI: 10.2196/47216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV or sexually transmitted infections remain a significant public health concern in the United States, with adolescents affected disproportionately. Adolescents engage in HIV/STI risk behaviors, including drug use and condomless sex, which increase the risk for HIV/STIs. At-risk adolescents, many of whom are racial minorities, experience HIV/STI disparities. Although at-risk adolescents are disproportionately affected by HIV/STI risk behaviors and infections and although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends routine HIV/STI testing for adolescents, relatively few adolescents report having ever been tested for HIV/STI. With expected increases in health clinic visits as a result of the Affordable Care Act combined with technological advances, health clinics and mobile health (mHealth), including apps, provide innovative contexts and tools to engage at-risk adolescents in HIV/STI prevention programs. Yet, there is a dearth of efficacious mHealth interventions in health clinics to prevent and reduce both condomless sex and drug use and increase HIV/STI testing for at-risk adolescents. OBJECTIVE To address this gap in knowledge, we developed a theory-driven, culturally congruent mHealth intervention (hereon referred to as S4E [Storytelling 4 Empowerment]) that has demonstrated feasibility and acceptability in a clinical setting. The next step is to examine the preliminary efficacy of S4E on adolescent HIV/STI testing and risk behaviors. This goal will be accomplished by 2 aims: the first aim is to develop a cross-platform and universal version of S4E. The cross-platform and universal version of S4E will be compatible with both iOS and Android operating systems and multiple mobile devices, aimed at providing adolescents with ongoing access to the intervention once they leave the clinic, and the second aim is to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of S4E, relative to usual care control condition, in preventing or reducing drug use and condomless sex and increasing HIV/STI testing in a clinical sample of at-risk adolescents aged 14-21 years living in Southeast Michigan. METHODS In this study, 100 adolescents recruited from a youth-centered community health clinic will be randomized via blocked randomization with random sequences of block sizes to one of the 2 conditions: S4E mHealth intervention or usual care. Theory-driven and culturally congruent, S4E is an mHealth adaptation of face-to-face storytelling for empowerment, which is registered with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices. RESULTS This paper describes the protocol of our study. The recruitment began on May 1, 2018. This study was registered on December 11, 2017, in ClinicalTrials.gov. All participants have been recruited. Data analysis will be complete by the end of March 2024, with study findings available by December 2024. CONCLUSIONS This study has the potential to improve public health by preventing HIV/STI and substance use disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03368456; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03368456. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47216.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cordova
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - José A Bauermeister
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sydni Warner
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Jennifer MacLeod
- Livingston Physician Organization, Livingston, MI, United States
| | - Torsten B Neilands
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Frania Mendoza Lua
- Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jorge Delva
- School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Sarah Khreizat
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Cherrie Boyer
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Sanchez M, Gonzalez MR, Fernandez A, Barton A, Diaz V, Wang W. Sociocultural influences on alcohol expectancies in early adolescence: Findings from the ABCD study. Health Psychol 2023; 42:842-855. [PMID: 37227824 PMCID: PMC10674043 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol expectancies (AE) during early adolescence predict early alcohol use initiation and problem drinking both cross-sectionally and prospectively well into adulthood. Yet, our understanding of the sociocultural factors associated with AE during this development period remains limited. This study examines associations between AE and sociocultural factors across various domains (i.e., individual, family, peer, school, community, and culture) in a demographically diverse sample of 10- to 14-year-old youth in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study). METHOD This cross-sectional study used 2-year follow-up data from the ABCD Release 3.0 for N = 5,322 early adolescents (Mage = 12 years [SD = 0.6]; 47% male). Approximately 60% identified as non-Hispanic/Latinx White, 17% as Hispanic/Latinx, 11% as non-Hispanic/Latinx Black, 2% as non-Hispanic/Latinx Asian, and 11% as mixed/other race-ethnicity. Separate models for positive and negative AE outcomes were conducted using linear mixed-effect models while controlling for demographic covariates. RESULTS Positive AE were most strongly associated with familism, followed by other peer, school, community, and cultural level factors. Negative AE were most strongly associated with the peer-level factor of relational victimization and the individual-level factor of negative life events, followed by other peer, school, and community-level factors. CONCLUSION The present findings reveal the potential constellation of sociocultural factors that may serve as targets for modifying AE during the middle school years. Study results also underscore the need for future research that integrates cultural factors into our understanding of alcohol use risk and resilience during early adolescence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sanchez
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Florida International University
| | | | - Alejandra Fernandez
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center
| | - Alexa Barton
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University
| | - Vanessa Diaz
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego
| | - Weize Wang
- Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse, Florida International University
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Vega-López S, Ayers S, Gonzalvez A, Campos AP, Marsiglia FF, Bruening M, Rankin L, Vega Luna B, Biggs E, Perilla A. Diet Outcomes from a Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing a Parenting Intervention Simultaneously Targeting Healthy Eating and Substance Use Prevention among Hispanic Middle-School Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 15:3790. [PMID: 37686822 PMCID: PMC10489966 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Parents play a significant role in adolescent health behaviors; however, few nutrition interventions for Hispanic adolescents involve parents. This study assessed the effects of a 10-week parenting intervention simultaneously targeting nutrition and substance use prevention. Hispanic parent/6th-8th-grade adolescent dyads (n = 239) were randomized to Families Preparing the New Generation Plus (FPNG+; nutrition/substance use prevention), FPNG (substance use prevention only), or Realizing the American Dream (RAD; academic success control). Surveys assessed diet, alcohol use, substance use intentions, and substance use norms at baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2), and at 16 weeks post-intervention (T3). Latent change modeling assessed diet changes; adolescent substance use outcomes were assessed using effect sizes. Among adolescents, those in FPNG+ increased fruit (+0.32 cup equivalents, p = 0.022) and fiber intake (+1.06 g, p = 0.048) and did not change added sugars intake at T2; those in FPNG and RAD reduced their intake of fruit and fiber (p < 0.05 for both). FPNG+ parents marginally increased fruit/vegetable intake (+0.17 cup equivalents, p = 0.054) and increased whole grains intake (+0.25-ounce equivalents, p < 0.05), in contrast to the reduction among RAD and FPNG parents (p < 0.05). Reductions in added sugar intake at T2 were greater among FPNG and FPNG+ parents relative to RAD parents (p < 0.05). FPNG+ and FPNG had comparable substance use outcomes (i.e., both had lower alcohol use and intentions to use substances relative to RAD). Engaging parents in a nutrition and substance use prevention parenting intervention yielded positive changes in dietary intake and maintained substance use prevention outcomes among their adolescent children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vega-López
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Stephanie Ayers
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Anaid Gonzalvez
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Ana Paola Campos
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
| | - Flavio F. Marsiglia
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
| | - Meg Bruening
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Lela Rankin
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Beatriz Vega Luna
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Biggs
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (S.A.); (A.G.); (A.P.C.); (L.R.); (B.V.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Alex Perilla
- WeGrad (Formerly American Dream Academy), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
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8
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Zhang Y, Jin Z, Li S, Xu H, Wan Y, Tao F. Relationship between chronotype and mental behavioural health among adolescents: a cross-sectional study based on the social ecological system. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:404. [PMID: 37280607 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health risk behaviors (HRBs) is a kind of phenomenon behavior that often occurs in adolescence, and also often appears in clusters. Previous studies suggested an association between social ecological risk factors (SERFs) and HRBs. This study explored 1) whether chronotype moderates the risk of HRBs associated with SERFs and 2) whether mental health is a mediator in this relationship. METHODS Adolescents were recruited from 39 junior or senior schools (three cities, 13 schools per city) using a multistage cluster sampling method conducted between October, 2020 and June, 2021. The Social Ecological System, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, Brief Instrument on Psychological Health Youths, and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance questionnaires were used to measure the SERFs, chronotype, mental health and HRBs. Latent category analysis was used to explore the clustering mode of HRBs. The primary exposure was SERFs, and the primary outcome was HRBs; chronotype was a moderator, and mental health was a mediator. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the relationship between SERFs and chronotype and mental behavioral health status. Mediation moderate analysis using the PROCESS method was used to explore the relationship between these variables. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the model. RESULTS In total, 17,800 individuals were initially enrolled. After excluding 947 individuals with invalid questionnaires, 16,853 participants were finally included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 15.33 ± 1.08 years. After adjusting for covariates, multivariable logistic regression found that high levels of SERFs (odds ratio [OR] = 10.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.88-11.43, P < 0.01), intermediate chronotype (OR = 5.24, 95% CI: 4.57-6.01, P < 0.01), and eveningness (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.64-2.05, P < 0.01) were associated with higher HRBs frequency. This study also assessed the interaction between chronotype, SERFs and HRBs (OR = 27.84, 95% CI: 22.03-35.19, P < 0.01) and mental health (OR = 18.46, 95% CI: 13.16-25.88, P < 0.01). The moderated mediation analyses examined the relationship between chronotype, SERFs, mental health and HRBs. CONCLUSIONS SERFs may be important variables in measuring the effect of the adolescent psychosocial environment on HRBs; this effect is mediated by mental health and moderated by chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengge Jin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huiqiong Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Boyd DT, Jones KV, Quinn CR, Gale A, Williams EDG, Lateef H. The Mental Health of Black Youth Affected by Community Violence: Family and School Context as Pathways to Resilience. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020259. [PMID: 35204979 PMCID: PMC8870431 DOI: 10.3390/children9020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Black youth who experience community violence occupy multiple environments with varying levels of influence on how they display resiliency to prevent adverse mental health outcomes. Considering the recent rise of mental health concerns (i.e., increase in suicidal outcomes) among Black youth, along with the abundance of research illustrating the detrimental impact of community violence, more research is needed to examine how different environmental factors (e.g., family and school) shape how youth protect their mental health while displaying resiliency navigating community violence. The purpose of this study was to examine how family and school contexts predict Black youths' ability to display resiliency to navigate community violence and prevent adverse mental health outcomes. This study utilized a path analysis to examine the associations between parent relationships, parent bonding, school climate, resilience to adverse community experiences, community violence, and mental health among 548 Black adolescents in Chicago. Findings highlight that parent relationships, parent bonding, and school climate influence the association between resilience to community violence and mental health outcomes among Black youth. Implications for mental health practice and policy among Black youth are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donte T. Boyd
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kristian V. Jones
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA;
| | - Camille R. Quinn
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Adrian Gale
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Ed-Dee G. Williams
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Husain Lateef
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA;
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10
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Mestre JM, Taubner S, Mota CP, Rangel Henriques M, Saliba A, Heinonen E, Ramos S, Moreno-Peral P, Volkert J, Adler A, Barkauskiene R, Conejo-Cerón S, Di Giacomo D, Ioannou Y, Mucha Vieira F, Røssberg JI, Sales CMD, Schmidt SJ, Stepisnik Perdih T, Ulberg R, Protić S. Theories of Change and Mediators of Psychotherapy Effectiveness in Adolescents With Externalising Behaviours: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:730921. [PMID: 35095586 PMCID: PMC8795767 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.730921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Externalising behaviours are becoming a remarkably prevalent problem during adolescence, often precipitating both externalising and internalising disorders in later adulthood. Psychological treatments aim to increase the social functioning of adolescents in order for them to live a more balanced life and prevent these negative trajectories. However, little is known of the intervening variables and mediators involved in these treatments' change mechanisms. We conducted a systematic review, exploring the available evidence on mediators of psychological treatments for externalising behaviours and symptoms amongst adolescents (10 to 19 years old). METHODS A systematic search was performed on Medline and PsycINFO databases, which identified studies from inception to February 23, 2020. Eligible studies included randomised controlled trials that enrolled adolescents with externalising symptoms and behaviours as, at least, one of the primary outcomes. A group of 20 reviewers from the COST-Action TREATme (CA16102) were divided into 10 pairs. Each pair independently screened studies for inclusion, extracted information from the included studies, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies and the requirements for mediators, following Kazdin's criteria. Risk of bias of RCTs was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Extracted data from the included studies were reported using a narrative synthesis. RESULTS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA), after removing duplicates, 3,660 articles were screened. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. In a second stage, 965 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. A total of 14 studies fulfilled all inclusion criteria. The majority were related to systemic psychological treatment approaches. Two types of mediators were identified as potentially being involved in the mechanisms of change for better social improvements of adolescents: to increase healthier parent-adolescent relationships and parental discipline. However, there were significant and non-significant results amongst the same mediators, which led to discussing the results tentatively. CONCLUSIONS Family variables were found to be the largest group of investigated mediators, followed by relational, behavioural, and emotional variables. No cognitive or treatment-specific mediators were identified. Both adequate behavioural control of adolescents' peer behaviour and a better positive balance in their relationships with their parents seemed to buffer the effects of externalising behaviours in adolescents. Several methodological limitations concerning mediation testing design, outcome measures, and mediator selection have been identified. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was not required. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021231835.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Mestre
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Social y Sostenible (INDESS), Universidad de Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Svenja Taubner
- Institute for Psychosocial Prevention, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catarina Pinheiro Mota
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Margarida Rangel Henriques
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrea Saliba
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Malta and Mental Health Services Malta, Valletta, Malta
| | - Erkki Heinonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sara Ramos
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Social y Sostenible (INDESS), Universidad de Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Jana Volkert
- Institute for Psychosocial Prevention, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Asta Adler
- Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Dina Di Giacomo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Yianna Ioannou
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Filipa Mucha Vieira
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Célia M. D. Sales
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefanie J. Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Randi Ulberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonja Protić
- Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia
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11
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Querdasi FR, Bacio GA. Suicidal behaviors among Latina adolescents: An ecodevelopmental approach and narrative review. J Adolesc 2021; 93:161-176. [PMID: 34785380 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For the past several decades, Latina adolescents have consistently shown high rates of suicidal behaviors (i.e., suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts), higher than Latino adolescents and adolescents of most other ethnic groups. Yet, progress toward establishing evidence-based intervention efforts to address this urgent public health issue has been slow. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize empirical findings on etiological factors associated with Latina adolescent suicidal behaviors using an ecodevelopmental, gender-specific framework that contextualizes Latina adolescent development. METHODS To be included, peer reviewed empirical manuscripts had to focus on suicidal behaviors (i.e., suicide attempts, suicide plan, and/or suicidal ideation) of adolescents (ages 11-19 or in grades 7-12) who self-identified as either Latina or Hispanic and a girl in the United States. RESULTS A total of 19 studies met review criteria and focused on microsystemic and intrapersonal predictors. Microsystemic predictors included family (i.e., family-adolescent discrepancies in acculturation, family functioning, family-daughter interactions), peer (i.e., victimization, friendships), and school (i.e., functioning, achievement) factors, while intrapersonal predictors were emotional vulnerability, psychosocial functioning, and substance use. CONCLUSIONS Family-related phenomena were the most widely studied. Research on school and peer microsystems was comparatively sparse, and several promising intrapersonal development factors have been underexplored. A notable limitation of existing studies is that samples consisted primarily of U.S.-born adolescents living in urban areas. Additional research is needed to characterize factors on other ecodevelopmental levels, identify resilience processes, and examine within-group diversity among Latina adolescents. Implications for intervention and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca R Querdasi
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Guadalupe A Bacio
- Departments of Psychological Science and Intercollegiate Chicana/o-Latina/o Studies, Pomona College, 647 N College Way, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA.
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12
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Blankenship KM, Rosenberg A, Keene DE, Dawson AJ, Groves AK, Schlesinger P. Social Determination of HIV: Women's Relationship Work in the Context of Mass Incarceration and Housing Vulnerability. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:190-201. [PMID: 33796957 PMCID: PMC8484381 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We contrast a typical "social determinants of health" framing with a more dynamic and complex "social determination of health" framing to analyze HIV-related sexual risk among women in low-income, segregated neighborhoods in New Haven, CT. Using an abductive approach, we analyze repeated, longitudinal qualitative interviews conducted over a 2-year period with a sample of 14 HIV-negative women who engaged in sex with men during the study period. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate how behaviors and sexual practices typically described as HIV "risks" can be understood as part of the work of establishing and maintaining monogamous committed relationships, which we call "relationship work," shaped in a context characterized by housing vulnerabilities and the many manifestations of mass incarceration and the surveillance state. We conclude by suggesting that for these women, their relationship work is the work of HIV prevention and life in low-income segregated neighborhoods is their HIV-related risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Blankenship
- Department of Sociology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC, 20016-4072, USA.
| | - Alana Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Danya E Keene
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Akiv J Dawson
- Department of Sociology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Allison K Groves
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Penelope Schlesinger
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Hirschtritt ME, Folk JB, Marshall BDL, Li Y, Tolou-Shams M. Cannabis Use Among Court-Involved Minority Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW 2021; 49:350-360. [PMID: 34001670 PMCID: PMC8429183 DOI: 10.29158/jaapl.200104-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of family functioning and beliefs regarding peers' cannabis use among minority (n = 112) and non-minority (n = 275) sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI), first-time court-involved adolescents. We examined longitudinally the effects of baseline general family functioning and peer cannabis use beliefs on self-reported cannabis use and cannabis-related consequences after 12 months. At baseline, 39.2 percent of adolescents reported using cannabis. Minority SOGI adolescents reported worse family functioning (p = .017) and higher peer cannabis use beliefs (p = .047). Higher peer cannabis use beliefs at baseline predicted recent cannabis use at the 12-month assessment for both minority and non-minority SOGI adolescents. Better family functioning predicted a lower likelihood of recent cannabis use at 12 months for non-minority SOGI adolescents, but not for minority SOGI adolescents. Baseline peer cannabis use beliefs and family functioning predicted cannabis-related consequences for both cohorts at 12 months when accounting for intermediate (i.e., four-month and eight-month) data. Among all first-time court-involved adolescents, those who believed greater cannabis use among their peers reported more subsequent cannabis use themselves. Conversely, higher general family functioning may be less of a protective factor for minority SOGI adolescents. These results suggest the utility of feedback interventions to modify peer norm beliefs among first-time court-involved adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Hirschtritt
- Dr. Hirschtritt is Clinical Professor, Dr. Folk is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Tolou-Shams is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Dr. Marshall is Associate Professor and Dr. Li is Biostatistician, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. Dr. Tolou-Shams is Director, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Johanna B Folk
- Dr. Hirschtritt is Clinical Professor, Dr. Folk is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Tolou-Shams is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Dr. Marshall is Associate Professor and Dr. Li is Biostatistician, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. Dr. Tolou-Shams is Director, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Brandon D L Marshall
- Dr. Hirschtritt is Clinical Professor, Dr. Folk is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Tolou-Shams is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Dr. Marshall is Associate Professor and Dr. Li is Biostatistician, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. Dr. Tolou-Shams is Director, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Yu Li
- Dr. Hirschtritt is Clinical Professor, Dr. Folk is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Tolou-Shams is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Dr. Marshall is Associate Professor and Dr. Li is Biostatistician, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. Dr. Tolou-Shams is Director, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marina Tolou-Shams
- Dr. Hirschtritt is Clinical Professor, Dr. Folk is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Tolou-Shams is Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Dr. Marshall is Associate Professor and Dr. Li is Biostatistician, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI. Dr. Tolou-Shams is Director, Division of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA
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14
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Boyd DT, Opara I, Quinn CR, Waller B, Ramos SR, Duncan DT. Associations between Parent-Child Communication on Sexual Health and Drug Use and Use of Drugs during Sex among Urban Black Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5170. [PMID: 34068128 PMCID: PMC8152761 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Black youth and their families living in urban settings may experience unique stressors that contribute to underlying issues due to the environmental context. Such factors may exacerbate and promote drug use and engagement in risky sexual behaviors, unknowingly. Little is known about how family factors, peer pressure, condom use, and other related factors are associated with substance use and engaging in sexual behaviors while on drugs among urban African American youth aged 12-22 (N = 638). We used regression models to examine associations between parental bonding, parent-adolescent sexual health communication, condom use, peer pressure on substance use, and having sex while on drugs. Multivariate results indicated that parental bonding was statistically significant and associated with drug use (OR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.36). Our study highlights that parental bonding plays a critical role in youth using drugs while living in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donte T. Boyd
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA) at Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Ijeoma Opara
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA) at Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Camille R. Quinn
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Bernadine Waller
- School of Social Work, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530, USA;
| | - S. Raquel Ramos
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Dustin T. Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play an influential role in their children's health behaviors. Research has shown that individuals' efficacy beliefs (personal and collective efficacy) are closely related to their behaviors and can be modified to improve health outcomes. Existing evidence confirms the effect of self-efficacy on various health outcomes. However, the effects of parent-child dyads' collective efficacy beliefs on adolescents' health outcomes are less clear. Bandura and his colleagues postulated that family members' perceived collective family efficacy plays an important role in their psychological well-being and possibly their health behaviors. However, few study results have delineated the relationship between collective family efficacy and risky adolescent health behaviors. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the relationships among parent-adolescent dyads' collective family efficacy, satisfaction with family functioning, depressive symptoms, personal efficacy beliefs, and adolescent risky health behaviors. METHODS This cross-sectional study surveyed 158 parent-adolescent dyads from the Midwestern region of the United States. Linear regression and path modeling were conducted to examine the influences of dyads' personal and collective efficacy beliefs on the adolescents' negative attitudes toward healthy lifestyle practices, injury prevention, safe sex practices, substance use prevention, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Risky adolescent health behaviors were strongly correlated with higher depressive symptoms. The dyads' personal and collective efficacy beliefs emerged as protective factors for adolescent health risks directly and indirectly through depressive symptoms. Both adolescents' and parents' perceived collective family efficacy buffered the effect of parent-adolescent dyads' depressive symptoms on adolescent risky health behaviors with significant direct and indirect effects. Adolescents' family efficacy, satisfaction with family functioning, and filial efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and risky health behaviors. DISCUSSION Parent-adolescent dyads' perceived collective family efficacy buffers adolescents from depressive symptoms and risky health behaviors. This finding suggests that family interventions should not only address adolescents' personal-level efficacy but also their collective aspects of efficacy beliefs within the family context.
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16
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Gao X, Horbal SR, Bidulescu A. Socioeconomic Status and Hypertension in African American From the Jackson Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:962-963. [PMID: 32179911 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven R Horbal
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aurelian Bidulescu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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17
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Estrada-Martínez LM, Grossman JM, Richer AM. Sex behaviours and family sexuality communication among Hispanic adolescents. SEX EDUCATION 2020; 21:59-74. [PMID: 35814266 PMCID: PMC9262336 DOI: 10.1080/14681811.2020.1749042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the extent to which Hispanic teenagers talk with mothers, fathers and extended family members about risks of sex, protection and relational sex, as well as the moderating role of teenagers' gender on the association between sexuality communication and risky sexual behaviours. Analysis is based upon 474 Hispanic young people's responses to a school-based survey recruited from six New England high schools. We (1) calculated descriptive statistics and tests of difference by teenagers' gender, and (2) ran logistic regression models for three sexual behaviours (vaginal sex, oral sex and number of sex partners) separately by gender. There were significant gender differences in teenagers' talk with mothers and fathers, but not extended family members. There was consistent "gender matching" between teenagers and the extended family member they talked to. The content of sexuality communication, the family member the teenager talked to and the gender of the teenager all contributed to whether communication was protective for teenagers' sexual behaviour. There are substantial differences in the types of sexuality communication Hispanic teenagers have with different family members, which are closely tied to teenager's and the family member's gender. Results suggests that one size does not fit all when it comes to family communication about sex and sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda M. Richer
- Wellesley Centres for Women, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Vega-López S, Marsiglia FF, Ayers S, Williams LR, Bruening M, Gonzalvez A, Vega-Luna B, Perilla A, Harthun M, Shaibi GQ, Delgado F, Rosario C, Hartmann L. Methods and rationale to assess the efficacy of a parenting intervention targeting diet improvement and substance use prevention among Latinx adolescents. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 89:105914. [PMID: 31843638 PMCID: PMC7242150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.105914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Latinx adolescents are at higher risk for chronic diseases relative to adolescents of other ethnic groups, in part because of their lack of adherence to diet recommendations and their higher rates of substance use. Given the proximal influence of family factors during the developmental stage of adolescence, parenting interventions may be an effective way to promote healthy nutrition and substance use prevention simultaneously. This article describes the design and theoretical rationale of a study assessing the effects of Families Preparing the New Generation Plus (FPNG Plus), a 10-week culturally-tailored nutrition and substance use prevention parenting program, on diet and substance use outcomes among Latinx middle school students (6th-8th grade). The 3-arm cluster randomized controlled trial compares FPNG Plus (substance use prevention and healthy nutrition), FPNG (substance use prevention only), and a comparison condition (focusing on academic success) in 1494 parent-child dyads from 18 schools, randomized at the school level. Adolescents and parents will complete surveys pre- and post-intervention, and 16-weeks after program participation, regarding diet behaviors, substance use, and parenting practices. A random subsample of 126 dyads (42 from each program), will participate in additional data collection to assess the home food environment, detailed dietary intake (via two 24-h recalls), and provide biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk (blood pressure, total cholesterol and HbA1c). If successful, this study will provide evidence contributing to helping Latinx parents assist their adolescent children develop and maintain long-lasting positive lifestyle behaviors in order to prevent concurrent substance use and diet-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vega-López
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America; Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America.
| | - Flavio F Marsiglia
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Ayers
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Lela Rankin Williams
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Meg Bruening
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 550 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Anaid Gonzalvez
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Beatriz Vega-Luna
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Alex Perilla
- American Dream Academy, Arizona State University, 542 E. Monroe Street, Suite D-100, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Mary Harthun
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Q Shaibi
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions, Arizona State University, 201 North Central Avenue, 33rd Floor, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Freddy Delgado
- American Dream Academy, Arizona State University, 542 E. Monroe Street, Suite D-100, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Christian Rosario
- American Dream Academy, Arizona State University, 542 E. Monroe Street, Suite D-100, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
| | - Leopoldo Hartmann
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 North 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America
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Levitt E, Ainuz B, Pourmoussa A, Acuna J, De La Rosa M, Zevallos J, Wang W, Rodriguez P, Castro G, Sanchez M. Pre- and Post-Immigration Correlates of Alcohol Misuse among Young Adult Recent Latino Immigrants: An Ecodevelopmental Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4391. [PMID: 31717675 PMCID: PMC6888278 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Latinos in the United States experience numerous alcohol-related health disparities. There is accumulating evidence that pre-immigration factors are associated with post-immigration alcohol use, but the explanation for health disparities remains unclear. The present study is a secondary analysis of data from the Recent Latino Immigrant Study (RLIS), the first community-based cohort study to examine the pre- to post-immigration alcohol use trajectories of young adult Latino immigrants during their initial years in the United States. Exploratory analysis and hierarchical multiple logistic regression were performed to assess associations between various pre- and post-immigration factors and alcohol misuse among young adult Latino immigrants early in the immigration process. Using an ecodevelopmental approach, we examined potential social and environmental determinants across multiple levels of influence associated with post-immigration alcohol misuse in this population. The study sample consisted of 474 young adult Latino immigrants between the ages of 18-34. The sample was comprised of the following national/regional origins: Cuban (43%), South American (28.7%), and Central American (28.3%). Approximately half of the sample (49.6%) reported a family history of substance use problems (FHSUP+). Participants who reported FHSUP+ and who engaged in alcohol misuse prior to immigrating to the US were more likely to engage in post-immigration alcohol misuse. Results revealed various social and environmental factors associated with pre-immigration alcohol misuse in this population. Study findings can inform culturally tailored prevention interventions aimed at mitigating problem drinking behaviors among young adult recent Latino immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Levitt
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Bar Ainuz
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Austin Pourmoussa
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Juan Acuna
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Mario De La Rosa
- Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.L.R.); (W.W.)
| | - Juan Zevallos
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Weize Wang
- Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.L.R.); (W.W.)
| | - Pura Rodriguez
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Grettel Castro
- Department of Medical and Population Health Sciences Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (E.L.); (A.P.); (J.A.); (J.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Mariana Sanchez
- Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; (M.D.L.R.); (W.W.)
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Linville D, McClure H, Martinez C, Mena Morales C. Latinx Immigrant Farmworker Community Health Promotion: A Needs Assessment. Health Promot Pract 2019; 21:372-382. [PMID: 31448630 DOI: 10.1177/1524839919869923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the health promotion intervention needs of Latinx immigrant farmworker families residing in Oregon. Grounded theory qualitative procedures were used to analyze the needs assessment data from 31 Latinx immigrant farmworker residents and key informant interviews as well as four focus groups with resident youth and parents. A theoretical model of how key family-based health behaviors can both confer risk for and protection against negative physical, mental, and social health outcomes among Latinx farmworking communities emerged. Six primary areas of concern emerged from these data, leading to the identification of primary health promotion intervention needs with three foci: (a) the provision of sustainable supports and resources, (b) skill development so that individuals could successfully negotiate identified challenges, and (c) greater community efficacy. Findings underscore the importance of social support and resource accessibility for Latinx immigrant populations.
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21
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Li YH, Mgbere O, Abughosh S, Chen H, Cuccaro P, Smesny A, Essien EJ. Assessment of sexually transmitted disease/HIV risk among young African Americans: comparison of self-perceived and epidemiological risks utilizing ecodevelopmental theory. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2019; 11:31-44. [PMID: 30863188 PMCID: PMC6388744 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s189482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances in understanding the developmental processes associated with adolescents warrant new thinking and systematic application of key concepts of risk and protective processes. This study examined the association between epidemiological and self-perceived risks of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)/HIV among young African Americans (AAs) and the multilevel factors identified using ecodevelopmental theory. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on wave 1 data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health comprising 1,619 AA youth aged 14-18 years. Epidemiological and self-perceived HIV-risk indices were developed and their associations with ecodevelopmental system parameters evaluated. Results Significant discordance (P<0.0001) in the youths' self-perceived risk and epidemiological risk (the "gold standard") was recorded with Cohen's k-coefficient of 0.144 (95% CI 0.104-0.193). Adolescents who felt like talking to their mother had no trouble getting along with schoolteachers, perceived that teachers treated student fairly, experienced mother's disapproval of their sexual debut, and had close friends who knew how to use condoms correctly, were positively related to low epidemiological risk of contracting STDs/HIV. Being older, male, and a mother's positive attitude toward their adolescent's use of birth control (in exosystem) were associated with high epidemiological risk of contracting STDs/HIV. Furthermore, poor connection with the mother (did not feel like talking to mother) and growing older were related to low accuracy of self-risk perception among AA youths. Conclusion The findings demonstrate the strong need to align self-perceived risk with epidemiological risk of acquiring STDs/HIV using the key multilevel ecodevelopmental system factors identified. This will require changes in relevant social attitudes and norms associated with risk measurement, and allow for a rational basis for safe health practices and behaviors among AA youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Huei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Osaro Mgbere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
- Disease Prevention and Control Division, Houston Health Department, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Community Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Susan Abughosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Paula Cuccaro
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Andrea Smesny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Ekere James Essien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
- Institute of Community Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA,
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22
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Randomized effectiveness trial of a parent and youth combined intervention on the substance use norms of Latino middle school students. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 97:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Visser M, Thurman TR, Spyrelis A, Taylor TM, Nice JK, Finestone M. Development and formative evaluation of a family-centred adolescent HIV prevention programme in South Africa. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2018; 68:124-134. [PMID: 29549782 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Preventing HIV among young people is critical to achieving and sustaining global epidemic control. Evidence from Western settings suggests that family-centred prevention interventions may be associated with greater reductions in risk behaviour than standard adolescent-only models. Despite this, family-centred models for adolescent HIV prevention are nearly non-existent in South Africa - home to more people living with HIV than any other country. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of one such intervention: an evidence-informed, locally relevant, adolescent prevention intervention engaging caregivers as co-participants. The programme, originally consisting of 19 sessions for caregivers and 14 for adolescents, was piloted with 12 groups of caregiver-adolescent dyads by community-based organizations (CBOs) in KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng provinces. Literature and expert reviews were employed in the development process, and evaluation methods included analysis of attendance records, session-level fidelity checklists and facilitator feedback forms collected during the programme pilot. Facilitator focus group discussions and an implementer programme workshop were also held. Results highlighted the need to enhance training content related to cognitive behavioural theory and group management techniques, as well as increase the cultural relevance of activities in the curriculum. Participant attendance challenges were also identified, leading to a shortened and simplified session set. Findings overall were used to finalize materials and guidance for a revised 14-week group programme consisting of individual and joint sessions for adolescents and their caregivers, which may be implemented by community-based facilitators in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maretha Visser
- Department of Psychology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Tonya R Thurman
- Tulane University School of Social Work, New Orleans, LA, USA; Highly Vulnerable Children Research Center (HVC-RC), Cape Town, South Africa; Tulane International, LLC, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alexandra Spyrelis
- Highly Vulnerable Children Research Center (HVC-RC), Cape Town, South Africa; Tulane International, LLC, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tory M Taylor
- Highly Vulnerable Children Research Center (HVC-RC), Cape Town, South Africa; Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Johanna K Nice
- Tulane University School of Social Work, New Orleans, LA, USA; Highly Vulnerable Children Research Center (HVC-RC), Cape Town, South Africa
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Cano MÁ, Sánchez M, Rojas P, Ramírez-Ortiz D, Polo KL, Romano E, De La Rosa M. Alcohol Use Severity Among Adult Hispanic Immigrants: Examining the Roles of Family Cohesion, Social Support, and Gender. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:668-676. [PMID: 28910173 PMCID: PMC5820212 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1356333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined (a) the direct association of family cohesion on alcohol use severity among adult Hispanic immigrants; (b) the indirect association of family cohesion on alcohol use severity via social support; and (c) if gender moderates the direct and indirect associations between family cohesion and alcohol use severity. METHOD Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted on a cross-sectional sample of 411 (men = 222, women = 189) participants from Miami-Dade, Florida. RESULTS Findings indicate that higher family cohesion was directly associated with higher social support and lower alcohol use severity. Higher social support was also directly associated with lower alcohol use severity. Additionally, family cohesion had an indirect association with alcohol use severity via social support. Moderation analyses indicated that gender moderated the direct association between family cohesion and alcohol use severity, but did not moderate the indirect association. CONCLUSIONS Some potential clinical implications may be that strengthening family cohesion may enhance levels of social support, and in turn, lower alcohol use severity among adult Hispanic immigrants. Furthermore, strengthening family cohesion may be especially beneficial to men in efforts to lower levels of alcohol use severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Cano
- Florida International University, Department of Epidemiology
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Mariana Sánchez
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Patria Rojas
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
- Florida International University, Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
| | | | | | - Eduardo Romano
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Impaired Driving Center
| | - Mario De La Rosa
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
- Florida International University, School of Social Work
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25
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Hall M, Fullerton L, FitzGerald C, Green D. Suicide Risk and Resiliency Factors Among Hispanic Teens in New Mexico: Schools Can Make a Difference. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018; 88:227-236. [PMID: 29399842 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth suicide is a serious public health problem in the United States. School environments, and the attention of school adults, are promising but minimally studied avenues for promoting mental health among students. METHODS The 2013 New Mexico Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey data were analyzed to identify ways in which the school environment influences suicide attempts in a sample of Hispanic students. Factors examined were: relationships with school adults, speaking a language other than English at home, being born outside the United States and not having enough to eat. Odds ratios were used to measure relationships. RESULTS Factors influencing suicide attempt were similar for boys and girls. The odds of suicide attempt declined by approximately one third as measures of positive relationships with school adults increased. Post-high school education plans also were protective. Being born outside the United States and not having enough to eat increased the odds of past-year suicide attempt. Speaking a language other than English at home was a weak risk factor for suicide attempt only among Hispanic girls. CONCLUSIONS Teachers and other school adults can decrease suicide risk for Hispanic teens by forming supportive relationships with students. Special consideration should be given to providing free breakfast in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryn Hall
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, MSC11 6025, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Lynne Fullerton
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC11 6025, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Courtney FitzGerald
- University of New Mexico Prevention Research Center, MSC11 6145, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Dan Green
- Epidemiology and Response Division, New Mexico Department of Health, 1190 St. Francis Dr. N1320, Santa Fe, NM 87502-6110
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26
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Kim SY, Schwartz SJ, Perreira KM, Juang LP. Culture's Influence on Stressors, Parental Socialization, and Developmental Processes in the Mental Health of Children of Immigrants. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2018; 14:343-370. [PMID: 29401046 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050817-084925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Children of immigrants represent one in four children in the United States and will represent one in three children by 2050. Children of Asian and Latino immigrants together represent the majority of children of immigrants in the United States. Children of immigrants may be immigrants themselves, or they may have been born in the United States to foreign-born parents; their status may be legal or undocumented. We review transcultural and culture-specific factors that influence the various ways in which stressors are experienced; we also discuss the ways in which parental socialization and developmental processes function as risk factors or protective factors in their influence on the mental health of children of immigrants. Children of immigrants with elevated risk for mental health problems are more likely to be undocumented immigrants, refugees, or unaccompanied minors. We describe interventions and policies that show promise for reducing mental health problems among children of immigrants in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA;
| | - Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA;
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Linda P Juang
- Inclusive Education Group, College of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
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Gonzales NA, Liu Y, Jensen M, Tein JY, White RM, Deardorff J. Externalizing and internalizing pathways to Mexican American adolescents' risk taking. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1371-1390. [PMID: 28367763 PMCID: PMC5575951 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study used four waves of data from a longitudinal study of 749 Mexican origin youths to test a developmental cascades model linking contextual adversity in the family and peer domains in late childhood to a sequence of unfolding processes hypothesized to predict problem substance use and risky sexual activity (greater number of sex partners) in late adolescence. Externalizing and internalizing problems were tested as divergent pathways, with youth-reported and mother-reported symptoms examined in separate models. Youth gender, nativity, and cultural orientation were tested as moderators. Family risk, peer social rejection, and their interaction were prospectively related to externalizing symptoms and deviant peer involvement, although family risk showed stronger effects on parent-reported externalizing and peer social rejection showed stronger effects on youth-reported externalizing. Externalizing symptoms and deviant peers were related, in turn, to risk taking in late adolescence, including problem alcohol-substance use and number of sexual partners. Peer social rejection predicted youth-reported internalizing symptoms, and internalizing was related, in turn, to problem alcohol and substance use in late adolescence. Tests of moderation showed some of these developmental cascades were stronger for adolescents who were female, less oriented to mainstream cultural values, and more oriented to Mexican American cultural values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jenn Yun Tein
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Rebecca M.B. White
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Julianna Deardorff
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
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Aarons GA, Sklar M, Mustanski B, Benbow N, Brown CH. "Scaling-out" evidence-based interventions to new populations or new health care delivery systems. Implement Sci 2017; 12:111. [PMID: 28877746 PMCID: PMC5588712 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-017-0640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Implementing treatments and interventions with demonstrated effectiveness is critical for improving patient health outcomes at a reduced cost. When an evidence-based intervention (EBI) is implemented with fidelity in a setting that is very similar to the setting wherein it was previously found to be effective, it is reasonable to anticipate similar benefits of that EBI. However, one goal of implementation science is to expand the use of EBIs as broadly as is feasible and appropriate in order to foster the greatest public health impact. When implementing an EBI in a novel setting, or targeting novel populations, one must consider whether there is sufficient justification that the EBI would have similar benefits to those found in earlier trials. Discussion In this paper, we introduce a new concept for implementation called “scaling-out” when EBIs are adapted either to new populations or new delivery systems, or both. Using existing external validity theories and multilevel mediation modeling, we provide a logical framework for determining what new empirical evidence is required for an intervention to retain its evidence-based standard in this new context. The motivating questions are whether scale-out can reasonably be expected to produce population-level effectiveness as found in previous studies, and what additional empirical evaluations would be necessary to test for this short of an entirely new effectiveness trial. We present evaluation options for assessing whether scaling-out results in the ultimate health outcome of interest. Conclusion In scaling to health or service delivery systems or population/community contexts that are different from the setting where the EBI was originally tested, there are situations where a shorter timeframe of translation is possible. We argue that implementation of an EBI in a moderately different setting or with a different population can sometimes “borrow strength” from evidence of impact in a prior effectiveness trial. The collection of additional empirical data is deemed necessary by the nature and degree of adaptations to the EBI and the context. Our argument in this paper is conceptual, and we propose formal empirical tests of mediational equivalence in a follow-up paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Aarons
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Marisa Sklar
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Box G-A1, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nanette Benbow
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Hendricks Brown
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Martinez MJ, Huang S, Estrada Y, Sutton MY, Prado G. The Relationship Between Acculturation, Ecodevelopment, and Substance Use Among Hispanic Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2017; 37:948-974. [PMID: 28798506 PMCID: PMC5548136 DOI: 10.1177/0272431616636228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using structural equation modeling, we examined the relationship of Hispanicism on recent substance use and whether Americanism moderated the effect in a sample of 1,141 Hispanic adolescents. The Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire (BIQ) was used to determine the degree of individual comfort in both Hispanic (Hispanicism) and American (Americanism) cultures. Hispanicism was associated with greater family functioning (β = 0.36, p < .05) and school bonding (β = 0.31, p < .01); Americanism moderated the effect of Hispanicism on substance use (β = 0.92, p < .01). Findings suggest that Hispanic culture was protective against substance use, however those effects differed depending on level of Americanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University
| | | | - Madeline Y. Sutton
- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Guillermo Prado
- Center for Family Studies, University of Miami
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami
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30
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Li YH, Mgbere O, Abughosh S, Chen H, Cuccaro P, Essien EJ. Modeling ecodevelopmental context of sexually transmitted disease/HIV risk and protective behaviors among African-American adolescents. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2017; 9:119-135. [PMID: 28694710 PMCID: PMC5490434 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s130930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk and protective processes are integrated developmental processes that directly or indirectly affect behavioral outcomes. A better understanding of these processes is needed, in order to gauge their contribution to sexual risk behaviors. This retrospective cross-sectional study modeled the ecodevelopmental chain of relationships to examine the social contexts of African-American (AA) adolescents associated with sexually transmitted disease (STD)- and HIV-risk behaviors. We used data from 1,619 AA adolescents with an average age of 16±1.8 years obtained from the first wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health for this study. Confirmatory factor analysis followed by structural equation modeling was conducted to identify the latent constructs that reflect the social-interactional components of the ecodevelopmental theory. Among contextual factors, findings indicated that a feeling of love from father, school, religion, and parent attitudes toward adolescent sexual behavior were all factors that played significant roles in the sexual behavior of AA adolescents. AA adolescents who reported feeling love from their father, feeling a strong negative attitude from their parents toward having sex at a very young age, and having a strong bond with school personnel were associated with better health statuses. The level of parents' involvement in their children's lives was reflected in the adolescents' feeling of love from parents and moderated by their socioeconomic status. Being male, attaining increased age, and being a sexual minority were associated with higher likelihood of exhibiting risky sexual behavior. In contrast, higher socioeconomic status and fathers' level of involvement were indirectly associated with reduced STD/HIV-related sexual risk behavior. In conclusion, our findings suggest that interventions aimed at maximal protection against STD/HIV-related risk behavior among AA adolescents should adopt both self- and context-based strategies that promote positive functioning in the family, school, and peer microsystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Huei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Osaro Mgbere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Health Department, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Abughosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paula Cuccaro
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ekere James Essien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Asfour L, Huang S, Ocasio MA, Perrino T, Schwartz SJ, Feaster DJ, Maldonado-Molina M, Pantin H, Prado G. Association between Socio-Ecological Risk Factor Clustering and Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems in Hispanic Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2017; 26:1266-1273. [PMID: 28970737 PMCID: PMC5621644 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-016-0641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanic adolescents in the U.S. report higher rates of several mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) problems such as substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and internalizing and externalizing problems. There is evidence of common pathways in the development of MEB problems with certain subgroups of Hispanic adolescents being at greater risk. In the present article, we report analysis of baseline data for 959 Hispanic adolescents who participated in one of two randomized controlled trials evaluating a family-based preventive intervention. Utilizing latent class analysis, we identified subgroups of Hispanic adolescents based on socio-ecological risk and protective factors (e.g., parent-adolescent communication, parental involvement in school). Three distinct socio-ecological risk subgroups (high, medium, and low risk) were identified and exhibited significant differences from each other across a majority of socio-ecological risk and protective factors. Adolescents in higher socio-ecological risk subgroups reported greater MEB problems across all outcomes. Individual comparisons revealed significant differences between the low socio-ecological risk group and both the medium and high socio-ecological risk group in lifetime alcohol use, smoking, and sex, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems. Implications for intervention include focusing on specific risk subgroups and targeting shared risk and protective factors rather than specific MEB outcomes.
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Cano MÁ, Sánchez M, Trepka MJ, Dillon FR, Sheehan DM, Rojas P, Kanamori MJ, Huang H, Auf R, De La Rosa M. Immigration Stress and Alcohol Use Severity Among Recently Immigrated Hispanic Adults: Examining Moderating Effects of Gender, Immigration Status, and Social Support. J Clin Psychol 2017; 73:294-307. [PMID: 27228112 PMCID: PMC5159315 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying and understanding determinants of alcohol use behavior among Hispanic immigrants is an increasingly significant public health concern. Although prior research has examined associations of cultural stressors with alcohol use among Hispanics, few studies have tested these associations among recent adult immigrants. As such, this study aimed to examine (a) the association of immigration stress on alcohol use severity among recently immigrated Hispanic adults (≤ 1 year in the United States) and (b) the moderating effects of gender, immigration status, and social support. METHOD A hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses were conducted on a sample of 527 participants in South Florida. RESULTS Results indicated that, after controlling for demographic variables, preimmigration drinking behavior, and dimensions of social support, the association of higher immigration stress with higher alcohol use severity was statistically significant. Moderation analyses indicated that immigration stress had a statistically significant association with alcohol use severity among men, but not women. Also, dimensions of social support consistently reduced the deleterious effect of immigration stress on alcohol use severity. CONCLUSION This study adds to the scarce literature on cultural stressors and alcohol use among recent Hispanic immigrants. Findings suggest that it may be important to design gender-specific interventions and that increasing levels of social support may offset the effects of immigration stress on alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Cano
- Florida International University, Department of Epidemiology
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Mariana Sánchez
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Mary Jo Trepka
- Florida International University, Department of Epidemiology
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Frank R. Dillon
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
- University at Albany, School of Education
| | | | - Patria Rojas
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Mariano J. Kanamori
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
| | - Hui Huang
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
- Florida International University, School of Social Work
| | - Rehab Auf
- Florida International University, Department of Epidemiology
| | - Mario De La Rosa
- Florida International University, Center for Research on U.S. Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse
- Florida International University, School of Social Work
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Cano MÁ. Intracultural accusations of assimilation and alcohol use severity among Hispanic emerging adults: Moderating effects of acculturation, enculturation, and gender. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2016; 30:850-856. [PMID: 27560996 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Individuals, including Hispanics, tend to drink most heavily during emerging adulthood (ages 18-25 years old). Research has suggested that intercultural stressors (e.g., ethnic discrimination) may increase levels of alcohol use among Hispanics. However, the relationship between intracultural stressors (e.g., accusations of assimilation-when Hispanics accuse a member of their heritage group of acculturating to U.S. culture) and alcohol use has been examined to a lesser extent. Accordingly, the present study aimed to (a) examine the association between family accusations of assimilation and alcohol use severity; and (b) examine if acculturation domains, enculturation domains, and gender moderated that association. A hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses were conducted on a cross-sectional sample of 181 Hispanic emerging adults. Results indicated that higher family accusations of assimilation were associated with higher levels of alcohol use severity (β = .18, p < .05), and all variables entered in the model accounted for ΔR2 = 15.1% of the variance of alcohol use severity. A moderation analysis indicated that higher family accusations of assimilation were associated with higher alcohol use severity among men, but not women. Of the four acculturation/enculturation domains, none had a moderation effect. However, there was a statistically significant three-way interaction among family accusations of assimilation, gender, and affective enculturation. This three-way interaction suggests that among men, higher family accusations of assimilation were associated with higher alcohol use severity at lower levels of affective enculturation. This study addresses a literature gap on intracultural stressors and substance use among Hispanics, and discusses recommendations for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Deutsch AR, Crockett LJ. Gender, Generational Status, and Parent-Adolescent Sexual Communication: Implications for Latino/a Adolescent Sexual Behavior. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2016; 26:300-315. [PMID: 27231421 PMCID: PMC4876872 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is little research on how specific parent-adolescent sexual communication topics influence Latino/a youth's sexual behaviors, and how gender and generational status may moderate effects. This study examined effects of three different messages on intercourse and condom use among 1944 Latino/as from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (T1 mean age=15.46; sd=1.50). Results indicated discussing health consequences predicted higher odds of intercourse one year later across gender and generation groups. Birth control recommendation effects on subsequent intercourse and condom use differed by generational status and gender. Results indicated that message content is important for understanding effects of parent-adolescent sex communication on adolescents' behavior, and underscored the need to consider gender and generational status in Latino/a parent-adolescent sexual communication studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle R Deutsch
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Department of Psychological Sciences
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Elkington KS, Belmonte K, Latack JA, Mellins CA, Wasserman GA, Donenberg GR, Hirsch JS. An Exploration of Family and Juvenile Justice Systems to Reduce Youth HIV/STI Risk. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2015; 25:700-716. [PMID: 26539022 PMCID: PMC4628815 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Using in-depth interviews with 20 probation youth (60% female; 35% white; 30% Hispanic; mean age 15years, range=13-17), their caregivers (100% female; mean age 44years, range=34-71) and 12 female probation officers (100% white; mean age 46years, range=34-57), we explored how family and probation systems exacerbate or mitigate sexual risk. We conducted thematic analyses of interviews, comparing narratives of families of sexually risky (n=9) versus non-sexually risky (n=11) youth. Family functioning differed by youth sexual risk behavior around quality of relationships, communication, and limit-setting and monitoring. The involvement of families of sexually risky youth in probation positively influenced family functioning. Data suggest these families are amenable to intervention and may benefit from family-based HIV/STI interventions delivered in tandem with probation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Elkington
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, #15, New York, NY 10032. Tel: 212-568-4208. Fax: 212-568-6003
| | - K. Belmonte
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - J. A. Latack
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY
| | - C. A. Mellins
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and NYSPI, New York, NY
| | - G. A. Wasserman
- Division of Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and NYSPI, NY
| | - G. R. Donenberg
- College of Medicine and School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - J. S. Hirsch
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Malhotra K, Gonzalez-Guarda RM, Mitchell EM. A Review of Teen Dating Violence Prevention Research: What About Hispanic Youth? TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2015; 16:444-65. [PMID: 25062778 DOI: 10.1177/1524838014537903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to provide a critical review of the literature on evidence-based teen dating violence (TDV) prevention programs with a particular focus on highlighting gaps in the literature with regard to prevention efforts targeting Hispanic teens. The target populations, characteristics, designs, and results of TDV prevention studies reported in the scientific literature for the last 20 years were reviewed and analyzed according to cultural and contextual factors associated with TDV among Hispanic teens. To date, three studies have focused on a predominantly Hispanic population with only one study looking at the long-term effects of a TDV intervention. There is a growing need to develop and evaluate immediate and long-term effects of TDV prevention programs that address ethnic pride, acculturation and acculturative stress, familism, and gender norms within the context of Hispanic communities (e.g., machismo and marianismo). The authors discuss the implications for research, prevention practice, and policy regarding TDV prevention for Hispanic teens.
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Serowoky ML, George N, Yarandi H. Using the Program Logic Model to Evaluate ¡Cuídate!: A Sexual Health Program for Latino Adolescents in a School-Based Health Center. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2015; 12:297-305. [PMID: 26422189 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing the disparities in pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates for Latino youth in the United States requires an evidence-based approach. Although randomized controlled trials for sexual risk reduction interventions have shown promise in improving short-term outcomes, program sustainability has not been extensively examined in school settings where teens spend time. Latina teen pregnancy rates are nearly twice the national average. Adolescents comprise only 17% of the U.S. population, yet they account for 50% of STIs. ¡Cuídate! is a high-impact sexual health group program endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that has not been replicated in a real-world setting. AIMS The program logic model (PLM) was used as the systematic approach to plan, implement, and evaluate a sustainable model of sexual health group programing (¡Cuídate!) in a U.S. high school with a large Latino student population. METHODS The PLM provided the framework for the evaluation of outputs, outcome, and impact. A multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance was used as the means to evaluate the participant outcomes immediately postprogram and at 8-12 weeks. RESULTS ¡Cuídate! was executed within an existing school structure and time constraints, below cost projections, and with high participant retention (95.8%). Three cohorts (N = 24) of female teens demonstrated significant increases in STI or HIV knowledge, self-efficacy, and intention to use condoms (p < .01). Condom use increased postprogram. No participants initiated sexual behavior, nor were there any reported pregnancies or STIs. CONCLUSIONS An evidence-based intervention previously tested in randomized controlled trials can be sustained in a school-based health center with similar results of efficacy. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Our success served as a platform for a sustainable program. We continue to extend the impact of the program by delivering ¡Cuídate! in the school setting using a community health worker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Serowoky
- Assistant Clinical Professor, Nurse Practitioner, College of Health Professions, University of Detroit Mercy & Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Nancy George
- Associate Clinical Professor, Assistant Director for the DNP Program, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Hossein Yarandi
- Professor, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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Bacio GA, Estrada Y, Huang S, Martínez M, Sardinas K, Prado G. Ecodevelopmental predictors of early initiation of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use among Hispanic adolescents. J Sch Psychol 2015; 53:195-208. [PMID: 26054814 PMCID: PMC4461835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to test the transactional relationships of risk and protective factors that influence initiation of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use among Hispanic youth. Ecodevelopmental theory was used to identify factors at multiple ecological levels with a focus on four school-level characteristics (i.e. school socioeconomic status, school climate, school acculturation, and school ethnic composition). A sample of 741 Hispanic adolescents (M age=13.9, SD=.67) and their caregivers were recruited from 18 participating middle schools in Miami-Dade County, FL. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized ecodevelopmental model of early substance use, accounting for school clustering effects. Results provided strong support for the model (CFI=.95; RMSEA=.03). School SES was indirectly related to the likelihood of starting substance use through perceived peer use norms (β=.03, p<.02). Similarly, school climate had an indirect effect on substance use initiation through family functioning and perceptions of peer use norms (β=-.03, p<.01). Neither school ethnic composition nor school acculturation had indirect effects on initiation of substance use. Results highlight the importance of the interplay of risk and protective factors at multiple ecological levels that impact early substance use initiation. Further, findings underscore the key role of school level characteristics on the initiation of substance use and present opportunities for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yannine Estrada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, USA
| | | | | | - Guillermo Prado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, USA.
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Oshri A, Schwartz SJ, Unger JB, Kwon JA, Des Rosiers SE, Baezconde-Garbanati L, Lorenzo-Blanco EI, Córdova D, Soto DW, Lizzi KM, Villamar JA, Szapocznik J. Bicultural stress, identity formation, and alcohol expectancies and misuse in Hispanic adolescents: a developmental approach. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 43:2054-68. [PMID: 25218395 PMCID: PMC11132805 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hispanic immigrant youth engage in increased health risk behaviors, such as alcohol misuse, due in part to being confronted with acculturative stress in addition to facing major normative developmental challenges, such as identity consolidation (Berry et al. in Appl Psychol 55:303-332, 2006). Using a developmental psychopathology framework, in the present study we examined the effect of bicultural stress on alcohol misuse among immigrated Hispanic adolescents, indirectly through trajectories of identity formation and alcohol expectancies. Our sample consisted of 302 recently immigrated Hispanic adolescents (53 % male; Mage = 14.5 at baseline) who were interviewed every 6 months for 3 years. Bivariate growth curve modeling was used to examine the influence of initial early bicultural stress on later alcohol misuse via change in identity development (i.e., coherence and confusion) and subsequent growth in cognitive alcohol expectancies. Findings revealed that initial levels and growth of identity coherence were not significantly associated with either bicultural stress or tension reduction (TR) alcohol expectancies. Multiple mediation analyses indicated that the effect of bicultural stress at time 1 on the frequency of being drunk at time 6 was mediated via high initial levels of identity confusion, followed by growth in risky TR expectancies (T4-T6). A developmental approach to the genesis of alcohol use problems in immigrant youth is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, 208 Family Science Center (House A), 403 Sanford Dr., Athens, GA, 30602, USA,
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Acculturation, risk behaviors and physical dating violence victimization among Cuban-American adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2014; 29:633-40. [PMID: 24680919 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the relationships among acculturation, risk behaviors, and reported physical dating violence among Cuban-American ninth grade adolescents. Participants (N=82) completed a questionnaire that assessed their level of acculturation to the U.S. (Americanism), their maintenance of the Hispanic culture (Hispanicism), binge drinking, drug use, sexual intercourse, condom use and physical dating violence victimization. Multiple logistic regression was conducted. Hispanicism was associated with a decrease in odds of reporting physical dating violence victimization. Drug use and not using a condom were associated with an increase in odds of reporting physical dating violence victimization.
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Cordova D, Huang S, Lally M, Estrada Y, Prado G. Do parent-adolescent discrepancies in family functioning increase the risk of Hispanic adolescent HIV risk behaviors? FAMILY PROCESS 2014; 53:348-63. [PMID: 24617745 PMCID: PMC4047136 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the family-based prevention science literature, family functioning, defined as positive parenting, parental involvement, family cohesion, family communication, parental monitoring of peers, and parent-adolescent communication, has been shown to ameliorate HIV risk behaviors in Hispanic youth. However, the majority of studies have relied solely on parent or adolescent reports and we know very little about parent-adolescent family functioning discrepancies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether and to what extent parent-adolescent discrepancies in family functioning increased the risk of HIV risk behaviors, including substance use and sexual risk behaviors, and whether these associations vary as a function of acculturation and youth gender. A total of 746 Hispanic 8th grade youth and their primary caregivers were included in the study. Structural equation modeling findings indicate that parent-adolescent family functioning discrepancies are associated with an increased risk of Hispanic adolescent HIV risk behaviors, including lifetime and past 90-day alcohol and illicit drug use, and early sex initiation. In addition, study findings indicate that results vary by acculturation and youth gender. Findings are discussed in the context of existing family-based research and practice in preventing and reducing HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic youth and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cordova
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Farrelly C, Cordova D, Huang S, Estrada Y, Prado G. The role of acculturation and family functioning in predicting HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic delinquent youth. J Immigr Minor Health 2014; 15:476-83. [PMID: 22532299 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-012-9627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between Berry's acculturation typology and HIV risk behaviors and whether family functioning mediated any such effects. A total of 235 high risk Hispanic adolescents were categorized into one of Berry's four acculturation typologies through the use of cut-off scores on measures of Hispanicism and Americanism. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the effects of acculturation typology on HIV risk behaviors and the indirect effects of acculturation typology on HIV risk behaviors through family functioning. Acculturation typology was related to HIV risk behaviors. Family functioning partially mediated the effects of acculturation typology on the HIV risk behavior outcomes. These findings suggest that both Americanism and Hispanicism play an important role in the etiology of HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic youth and that both, along with family functioning, are important to consider when designing preventive interventions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Farrelly
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Family Studies, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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43
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Kao TSA, Lupiya CM, Clemen-Stone S. Family Efficacy as a Protective Factor Against Immigrant Adolescent Risky Behavior. J Holist Nurs 2014; 32:202-16. [DOI: 10.1177/0898010113518840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that family efficacy—defined as a family’s beliefs in its capability to manage different situations in order to achieve a desired outcome—is linked to a decreased likelihood of adolescents to engage in risky health behaviors. It is not clear, however, if this is true for immigrant families when they are encountering with increased challenges in their host countries. To provide holistic nursing care to immigrant families, it is important to know the sources of family efficacy particularly for immigrant adolescents when they are developing health behavior. This integrative review examined existing literature to learn about the sources of family efficacy among immigrant adolescents and how different domain of family efficacy is related to risky behaviors. We examined 22 studies on the topics of immigration, adaptation, risky adolescent behavior, and family function. Findings showed that multidimensional sources of family efficacies (specifically those in the relational, pragmatic, and value-laden domains) exert significant positive effects on immigrant adolescents’ health behaviors.
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Du H, Li X. Acculturation and HIV-related sexual behaviours among international migrants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2013; 9:103-22. [PMID: 25793493 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2013.840952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the global literature regarding the relationship between acculturation and HIV-related sexual behaviours among international migrants. Seventy-nine articles published in English-language journals prior to July 2012 met the criteria for inclusion. We conducted a systematic review and subset meta-analysis of correlations between acculturation and five types of sexual behaviours including condom use, multiple partnerships, early sexual initiation, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and other unsafe sexual practices. Immigrants high in mainstream acculturation were more likely to have multiple partnerships, early sexual initiation, STDs and unsafe sex (rs ranged from 0.10 to 0.16), but acculturation was not associated with condom use (r = 0.02). Gender moderated the relationships between acculturation and multiple partnerships, STDs and unsafe sex. The relationship between acculturation and unsafe sex also varied across ethnicity. These findings suggest that acculturation may serve as a risk factor towards immigrants' HIV-related sexual health. We offered a theoretical framework and suggested applying cross-cultural and longitudinal designs in future research on acculturation and health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Du
- a Pediatric Prevention Research Center, Department of Pediatrics , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
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Farrelly C, Cordova D, Huang S, Estrada Y, Prado G. The role of acculturation and family functioning in predicting HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic delinquent youth. J Immigr Minor Health 2013. [PMID: 22532299 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-012-96271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between Berry's acculturation typology and HIV risk behaviors and whether family functioning mediated any such effects. A total of 235 high risk Hispanic adolescents were categorized into one of Berry's four acculturation typologies through the use of cut-off scores on measures of Hispanicism and Americanism. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the effects of acculturation typology on HIV risk behaviors and the indirect effects of acculturation typology on HIV risk behaviors through family functioning. Acculturation typology was related to HIV risk behaviors. Family functioning partially mediated the effects of acculturation typology on the HIV risk behavior outcomes. These findings suggest that both Americanism and Hispanicism play an important role in the etiology of HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic youth and that both, along with family functioning, are important to consider when designing preventive interventions for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Farrelly
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Family Studies, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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46
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Prado G, Huang S, Cordova D, Malcolm S, Estrada Y, Cano N, Maldonado-Molina M, Bacio G, Rosen A, Pantin H, Brown CH. Ecodevelopmental and intrapersonal moderators of a family based preventive intervention for Hispanic youth: a latent profile analysis. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2013; 14:290-9. [PMID: 23408280 PMCID: PMC3633650 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-012-0326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hispanic adolescents are disproportionately affected by externalizing disorders, substance use and HIV infection. Despite these health inequities, few interventions have been found to be efficacious for this population, and even fewer studies have examined whether the effects of such interventions vary as a function of ecodevelopmental and intrapersonal risk subgroups. The aim of this study was to determine whether and to what extent the effects of Familias Unidas, an evidence-based preventive intervention, vary by ecodevelopmental and intrapersonal risk subgroups. Data from 213 Hispanic adolescents (mean age = 13.8, SD = 0.76) who were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial evaluating the relative efficacy of Familias Unidas on externalizing disorders, substance use, and unprotected sexual behavior were analyzed. The results showed that Familias Unidas was efficacious over time, in terms of both externalizing disorders and substance use, for Hispanic youth with high family ecodevelopmental risk (e.g., poor parent-adolescent communication), but not with youth with moderate ecodevelopmental or low ecodevelopmental risk. The results suggest that classifying adolescents based on their family ecodevelopmental risk may be an especially effective strategy for examining moderators of family-based preventive interventions such as Familias Unidas. Moreover, these results suggest that Familias Unidas should potentially be targeted toward youth with high family ecodevelopmental risk. The utility of the methods presented in this article to other prevention scientists, including genetic, neurobiological and environmental scientists, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Prado
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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Prado G, Lightfoot M, Brown CH. Macro-level approaches to HIV prevention among ethnic minority youth: state of the science, opportunities, and challenges. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2013; 68:286-99. [PMID: 23688095 PMCID: PMC3771582 DOI: 10.1037/a0032917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The HIV epidemic continues to disproportionately affect ethnic minority youth. These disconcerting health disparities indicate that although existing HIV preventive strategies for ethnic minority youth have been efficacious, they have not significantly reduced the impact of the epidemic in this population. Macro-level interventions, such as structural or policy interventions, have the potential to impact the HIV epidemic at a population level, and thus reduce the HIV health disparities that exist among ethnic minority youth and other segments of the U.S. population. This article calls for a paradigm shift to develop, evaluate, and disseminate interventions that target upstream/macro-level factors or that, at a minimum, integrate both a macro and individual level perspective. The article also discusses the challenges in developing and evaluating such interventions. Psychologists and other behavioral scientists can play a critical role in reducing the impact of HIV on ethnic minority youth by integrating macro-level approaches to future HIV prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Prado
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology for Drug Abuse & Sexual Risk Behavior, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Ojeda VD, Burgos JL, Rangel AG, Lozada R, Vera A. U.S. drug use and migration experiences of Mexican female sex workers who are injection drug users. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2012; 23:1733-49. [PMID: 23698687 PMCID: PMC4232365 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2012.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe U.S.-based drug/sex behaviors and correlates of lifetime U.S. drug use by Mexican female sex workers who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs). METHODS Between 2008-2010, 315 migrant FSW-IDUs residing in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico responded to questionnaires. RESULTS Twenty-seven percent (n=85) of FSW-IDUs were U.S. migrants; of these, 46% (n=39) were deportees. One-half of U.S.-migrant FSW-IDUs consumed illicit drugs in the U.S., and two-thirds of these injected drugs in the U.S. Among U.S. injectors, over 75% ever received or shared used injection equipment. The majority (92%) of U.S.-migrant FSW-IDUs never obtained U.S. drug treatment services. HIV prevalence was 4% among U.S.-migrant and 5% among non-U.S. migrant FSW-IDUs; 100% of U.S.-migrant and 75% of non-U.S. migrant FSW-IDUs were unaware of their HIV status. CONCLUSIONS Binational coordination to improve access to substance use treatment and HIV testing services in Mexico and the U.S. among marginalized binational migrants may be critical to containing HIV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria D Ojeda
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 10111 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92093-0507, USA.
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Abstract
The primary purpose of this study is to provide an overview of multilevel modeling for Psychosomatic Medicine readers and contributors. The article begins with a general introduction to multilevel modeling. Multilevel regression modeling at two levels is emphasized because of its prevalence in psychosomatic medicine research. Simulated data sets based on some core ideas from the Familias Unidas effectiveness study are used to illustrate key concepts including communication of model specification, parameter interpretation, sample size and power, and missing data. Input and key output files from Mplus and SAS are provided. A cluster randomized trial with repeated measures (i.e., three-level regression model) is then briefly presented with simulated data based on some core ideas from a cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention in prostate cancer.
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Poteat VP, DiGiovanni CD, Scheer JR. Predicting homophobic behavior among heterosexual youth: domain general and sexual orientation-specific factors at the individual and contextual level. J Youth Adolesc 2012; 42:351-62. [PMID: 22956337 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-012-9813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
As a form of bias-based harassment, homophobic behavior remains prominent in schools. Yet, little attention has been given to factors that underlie it, aside from bullying and sexual prejudice. Thus, we examined multiple domain general (empathy, perspective-taking, classroom respect norms) and sexual orientation-specific factors (sexual orientation identity importance, number of sexual minority friends, parents' sexual minority attitudes, media messages). We documented support for a model in which these sets of factors converged to predict homophobic behavior, mediated through bullying and prejudice, among 581 students in grades 9-12 (55 % female). The structural equation model indicated that, with the exception of media messages, these additional factors predicted levels of prejudice and bullying, which in turn predicted the likelihood of students to engage in homophobic behavior. These findings highlight the importance of addressing multiple interrelated factors in efforts to reduce bullying, prejudice, and discrimination among youth.
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