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Davies M, Pipkin A, Lega C. Inpatient staff experiences of providing treatment for males with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder: A thematic analysis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2024; 31:803-814. [PMID: 38349031 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: We know that there are similar rates of borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosed in both men and women; however, some research suggests that BPD is diagnosed later and less frequently in men. Some research suggests that males diagnosed with BPD present differently to women, but not much is known about how this influences the care men receive in inpatient mental health hospitals. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This paper is the first to specifically ask inpatient staff about men diagnosed with BPD, and to hear about their perceptions and experiences. It identified that some staff do not feel as knowledgeable in identifying and treating BPD in men compared to women. Some staff talked about how emotional difficulties like BPD are often not the first thought when men present with distress compared to women. Staff also talked about needing a safe, open and transparent working culture to be able to ask questions and to be questioned on their own assumptions, biases or lack of training. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: This paper suggests that inpatient staff may hold some assumptions about men and their emotions, such as assuming that they are less likely to struggle with emotional difficulties like BPD. Staff anxieties about risk management may influence how they perceive and care for men in inpatient wards. The findings suggest that male-specific training in identifying and treating BPD should be provided for staff on inpatient wards, to improve knowledge and confidence. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Research highlights discrepancies in recognition of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in men, despite similar rates of prevalence across genders. AIM To investigate inpatient mental health professionals' experiences of delivering treatment for males with a diagnosis of BPD. METHOD Six mental health professionals working within adult acute inpatient wards completed a semi-structured interview. All participants were members of the nursing team. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Five themes were identified: Gender Differences, Stereotyping, Facilitators to Care Delivery, Barriers to Care Delivery and Ways to Improve Care. Participants talked of a lack of awareness and understanding of BPD in males impacting both diagnosis and treatment in an acute inpatient setting. DISCUSSION There may be factors ranging from gender stereotypes, limited knowledge and understanding of gender differences in presentations, and personal/organisational cultures influencing the formulation and treatment of males with a diagnosis of BPD in inpatient settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The findings suggest that gender stereotypes such as masculine norms may influence how male patients' emotional difficulties are understood and managed, and that additional training in male-specific issues to improve knowledge and care provision. This research will support inpatient staff, service leads and clinical educators to identify ways to adapt care provision for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Davies
- Adult Inpatient Psychology, Berrywood Hospital, Duston, UK
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Yu-Lefler HF, Wendt M, Umaña K, Sripipatana A. The Importance of Patient Experience in Obtaining Mental Health Care at HRSA-Funded Health Centers. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s10488-024-01411-0. [PMID: 39302524 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-024-01411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Timely mental health care prevents more complex and costly psychological problems, particularly for underserved individuals utilizing HRSA-funded health centers. Patient experience with care services and provider interactions may facilitate timely mental health care access. This study explored which elements of patient experience at health centers minimize delayed access to necessary mental health care. We used cross-sectional data on adult patients who needed mental health services from the 2022 Health Center Patient Survey (N = 1039). Multi-variable logistic regression analyses examined the influence of patient experience using measures drawn from the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems on delayed mental health care, accounting for predisposing, enabling, and need factors. 82% of patients did not cite delayed mental health care. 60% or more of patients reported always or usually receiving responsive and coordinated care, with over 80% reporting always or usually receiving positive provider interactions. Lower odds of delayed mental health care was associated with always getting timely callback during business hours (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09, 0.76), and that the provider always listened carefully (aOR: 0.33; CI: 0.14, 0.78), provided easy to understand recommendations (aOR: 0.31, CI: 0.12, 0.79), knew the patient's medical history (aOR: 0.33, CI: 0.15, 0.73), was respectful to the patient (aOR: 0.49, CI: 0.27, 0.90), or was easy to understand (aOR: 0.51, CI: 0.29, 0.88). Care responsiveness and positive provider communication are integral to facilitating timely mental health care access for vulnerable populations with mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Fan Yu-Lefler
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
| | - Minh Wendt
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Kelly Umaña
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Alek Sripipatana
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
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Stafford A, Oduola S, Reeve S. How sleep in patients with serious mental illness is recorded and treated, and its impact on service engagement. Sleep Med 2024; 124:58-69. [PMID: 39276699 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep and mental health share a bidirectional relationship whereby problems in one exacerbate the other. Accordingly, sleep problems are frequent and severe in serious mental illness (SMI) populations, exacerbating SMI symptoms. This study examined the documentation and treatment of sleep problems within anonymised clinical records of SMI patients, and their association with attendance rates and number of appointments scheduled. METHODS Patient records between 01.09.2021 and 31.08.2022 were identified and relevant records (n = 229) extracted from an NHS Trust database. Content analysis was used to assess documentation and treatment of sleep problems and Chi-square tests were used to assess demographic differences. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare attendance rates and number of appointments scheduled between patients with/without sleep problems. RESULTS Most (n = 170; 84 %) patients with sleep problems had no or minimal assessment of the sleep problem within their records. Patients were primarily offered no (n = 115; 57 %) or non-recommended (n = 69; 34 %) sleep treatment. More outpatients were offered no sleep treatment (n = 89; 64 %) than inpatients (n = 26; 41 %) (p = .002) whilst more inpatients were offered non-recommended sleep treatments (n = 33; 52 %) than outpatients (n = 36; 26 %) (p < .001). No significant associations were found between sleep and attendance or appointments scheduled. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of routine clinical attention to sleep assessment and treatment in SMI groups. Where sleep is addressed, treatment often conflicts with guidelines. Improved sleep assessment and treatment could significantly enhance current SMI patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Stafford
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Sheri Oduola
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Reeve
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
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Hayes D, Mansfield R, Mason C, Santos J, Moore A, Boehnke J, Ashworth E, Moltrecht B, Humphrey N, Stallard P, Patalay P, Deighton J. The impact of universal, school based, interventions on help seeking in children and young people: a systematic literature review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2911-2928. [PMID: 36637482 PMCID: PMC9837763 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Reviews into universal interventions to improve help seeking in young people focus on specific concepts, such as behaviour, do not differentiate between interpersonal and intrapersonal help seeking, and often report on statistical significance, rather than effect size. The aim of this review was to address the gaps highlighted above, to investigate the impact of universal, school-based interventions on help-seeking in children and young people, as well as to explore longer term impact. Four databases were searched. Data were extracted on country of origin, design, participant, school, and intervention characteristics, the help-seeking concept measured (e.g. knowledge, attitude/intention, behaviour), the duration between baseline and each follow-up (if applicable) and effect sizes at each follow-up. Quality assessment of the studies was undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool. Overall, 14 different interventions met inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies were rated low in the quality assessment. Three constructs were most frequently reported a) intrapersonal attitudes towards help-seeking, b) interpersonal attitudes towards help-seeking and c) intrapersonal intended help-seeking. Findings around intervention effect were mixed. There was tentative evidence that interventions impacting interpersonal attitudes produced small effect sizes when measured between 3 and 6 months post intervention and that when effect sizes were initially observed intrapersonal attitudes, this remained at 3-6 month follow-up. Further work should pay attention to implementation factors, understanding the core ingredients needed to deliver effective interventions and whether embedding mental health education could help sustain or top up effect sizes from help-seeking interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hayes
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud National Centre for Children, and Families, London, UK.
- Social Biobehavioural Research Group, Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Rosie Mansfield
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carla Mason
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joao Santos
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Moore
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud National Centre for Children, and Families, London, UK
| | - Jan Boehnke
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Emma Ashworth
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bettina Moltrecht
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud National Centre for Children, and Families, London, UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Population Science and Experimental Medicine, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica Deighton
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, Anna Freud National Centre for Children, and Families, London, UK
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Nguyen TNM, Saunders R, Dermody G, Whitehead L. The influence of culture on the health beliefs and health behaviours of older Vietnam-born Australians living with chronic disease. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:3781-3796. [PMID: 38922977 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the health beliefs and health behaviours of older Vietnam-born people living with chronic disease in Western Australia. DESIGN This study was designed as a focused ethnography guided by the interpretative research paradigm and Leininger's Theory of Culture Care. METHODS Data were collected through participant observation and interviews undertaken at participants' homes in Western Australia over 7 months in 2019. Data were analysed using Wolcott's approach for transferring qualitative data, comprising three phases: description, thematic analysis and interpretation. RESULTS This study included 12 participants. The health perspectives and practices of older Vietnam-born Australians significantly reflected the traditional Vietnamese values. These included the stigma towards chronic disease as an inevitable consequence of ageing; self-blame thoughts about chronic disease causations and maintained traditional dietary practices. However, some aspects of their health behaviours such as beliefs and practices in traditional medicine, Western medicine and physical exercise reflected a blended approach combining both Vietnamese-oriented and Westernized-orientated practices. Individual factors were also identified as contributing to chronic disease self-care among participants. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes culture played a significant role in shaping the way that older Vietnam-born Australians believed and behaved while living with chronic conditions. However, it also indicates that culture is not a stationary concept, it evolves gradually and is socially constructed. IMPLICATIONS A better understanding of the health beliefs and practices of older Vietnam-born Australians is expected to contribute to the delivery of culturally safe and effective support for this population. The achievement of culturally safe care requires a systemic approach and collaboration of strategies across sectors. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study encompassed the contribution of 12 older Vietnam-born Australians who offered the researcher the privilege to enter their world and the staff of social care organization who opened the gate for the researcher to approach participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Minh Nguyen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gordana Dermody
- School of Health Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lisa Whitehead
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Whitmore C, Mytkolli L, Mangialardi N, Maghera J, Rudick A, Shephard K, Zazzera S, Saiva A, McQuire T, Senior P, Sherifali D, Selby P. Partnered Recruitment: Engaging Individuals With Lived Experience in the Recruitment of Co-Design Participants. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14131. [PMID: 38965808 PMCID: PMC11224126 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face complex health challenges, including a heightened risk for distress. To counter this distress, there is a need to develop accessible, acceptable comprehensive care solutions that integrate diabetes and mental health care to enhance self-efficacy and counter mental health challenges in this population. OBJECTIVE To describe the engagement of individuals with lived experience of T1D and mental health challenges in the development of a recruitment strategy to support the co-design of an innovative integrated care programme. RESULTS Seven individuals with lived experience formed a Partner Advisory Council (PAC) to recruit young adults (18-29 years old) living with T1D, their friends or family and health researchers and professionals in co-design interviews (n = 19) and co-design events (n = 12). The PAC played a key role in developing a comprehensive recruitment strategy, overcoming traditional barriers and stigmas in the design of an integrated model of care. CONCLUSION Assuming the presence of mental health challenges in young adults living with T1D during recruitment had far-reaching impacts on the development of a whole-person and integrated diabetes and mental health care solution. The efficient recruitment of this sample provided invaluable insights into the nuanced challenges experienced by young adults with T1D, the individual skills developed in response to their mental health challenges and the ways that this understanding can shape future programming to support mental health, quality of life and well-being. The ongoing involvement of the PAC as co-researchers underscores the enduring impact of patient engagement in developing integrated care solutions. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The co-design of the TECC-T1D3 model was enriched by the invaluable contributions of individuals with lived experience. This included the engagement of a diverse PAC in the recruitment of participants in co-design interviews and co-design events. PAC members actively participated in research decision-making with their insights informing a robust recruitment strategy. Beyond recruitment, PAC members continue to serve as co-researchers, shaping ongoing research and actively contributing to the TECC-T1D3 project. Six PAC members are co-authors on this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Whitmore
- School of NursingMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- INTREPID LabCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Natalie Mangialardi
- INTREPID LabCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
- Diabetes Action CanadaTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Jasmine Maghera
- Diabetes Action CanadaTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | | | | | | | - Anika Saiva
- INTREPID LabCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | - Peter Senior
- Faculty of Medicine & DentistryUniversity of Alberta, EdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Diana Sherifali
- School of NursingMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- INTREPID LabCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Peter Selby
- INTREPID LabCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Family and Community MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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Okafor N, Okoro E, Bojerenu MM, Umeani N, Udegbe DC, Omeh CK, Nwume CG, Alabi TD, Fouhad IA, Okpujie V, Andibanbang FA, Uwumiro FE. National Case Volumes and Gender Disparities in Emergency Department Utilization for Psychiatric Emergencies: A Population-Based Claims Data Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e66502. [PMID: 39247026 PMCID: PMC11380797 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The utilization of emergency departments (EDs) for managing psychiatric emergencies has significantly increased in the United States because of the increasing prevalence of mental health disorders. This study examined national case volumes and sex disparities in ED visits for psychiatric emergencies using data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Methods This retrospective analysis included adult ED visits for psychiatric emergencies identified using relevant International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes. Primary endpoints included national case volumes by sex. Hospitalizations with age < 18 years and those with missing data on sex were excluded. Secondary endpoints included inpatient mortality, ED and inpatient costs, admission rates, discharge disposition, length of stay (LOS), and number of procedures. Results In 2021, there were approximately 143.5 million ED visits in the United States, with 7,978,490 of these being for psychiatric emergencies. The most common presentations were substance abuse and intoxication (5,119,086 (64.2%)), severe bipolar disorder (1,912,670 (24%)), and anxiety or panic attacks (1,015,486 (12.7%)). Approximately 3,997,223 (50.1%) were women, and 3,981,267 (49.9%) were men. Men were older (mean age: 45 versus 43 years; P<0.001), were more likely to be uninsured (712,647 (17.9%) versus 497,658 (12.5%); P<0.001), and had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (CCI ≥ 2: 792,272 (19.9%) versus 643,552 (16.1%); P<0.001). More men than women presented to the ED with acute substance abuse or intoxication (3,196,945 (80.3%) versus 1,922,142 (48.1%)), bipolar disorder with or without psychosis (958,275 (24.1%) versus 954,395 (23.9%); P<0.001), and suicidal ideation (267,638 (6.7%) versus 208,989 (5.2%); P<0.001). More women than men presented with severe depression (455,683 (11.4%) versus 441,921 (11.1%)), anxiety and panic attacks (615,572 (15.4%) versus 402,108 (10.1%)), acute stress reaction (35,975 (0.9%) versus 23,888 (0.6%)), eating disorders (3,997 (0.1%) versus 27,869 (0.07%)), and a history of abuse (21,164 (0.53%) versus 19,569 (0.49%); P<0.001). Women had lower mortality rates (27,980 (0.7%) versus 63,956 (1.6%); P<0.001), lower mean ED costs (adjusted mean difference (AMD): $1,189; P<0.001), fewer in-hospital admissions (1,211,158 (30.3%) versus 1,453,162 (36.5%); P<0.001), and a higher number of prolonged hospitalizations (1,442,998 (36.1%) versus 1,194,380 (30%); P<0.001) compared with men. Conclusion This study highlights significant sex disparities in ED utilization for psychiatric emergencies. Men more frequently present with substance abuse and severe comorbidities, leading to higher healthcare costs and inpatient admissions. Women, while more likely to present with anxiety and depressive disorders, incur lower costs and have better overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnenna Okafor
- Psychiatry, All Saints University College of Medicine, Kingstown, VCT
| | - Esther Okoro
- Psychiatry, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, GBR
| | | | - Nnaedozie Umeani
- Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, NGA
| | - Daniel C Udegbe
- Psychiatry, Godfrey Okoye University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, NGA
| | | | - Chuka G Nwume
- Family Medicine, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, NGA
| | | | - Ishola A Fouhad
- Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Lagos, NGA
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Duthie G, Reavley N, Wright J, Morgan A. The impact of media-based mental health campaigns on male help-seeking: a systematic review. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae104. [PMID: 39224087 PMCID: PMC11369358 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
More than half of all men do not seek professional help for depression, suicide and anxiety. Although media-based campaigns represent a promising health promotion intervention to improve male help-seeking, it is unclear what communication strategies in extant mental health media-based campaigns are effective for men. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize information about the effectiveness of these campaigns on male help-seeking outcomes. A search was conducted of electronic databases and gray literature. Studies were eligible if they examined the effectiveness of a media-based campaign targeting male help-seeking attitudes, beliefs, intentions or behaviors in relation to mental disorders, distress, suicide or self-harm. Twenty-two studies of varying quality met the eligibility criteria. Most studies targeting mental health or depression were found to positively influence male help-seeking. There were mixed results for suicide prevention campaigns. Some evidence suggests that overall, brochure-based campaigns impact help-seeking. The use of male or mixed-gender campaign imagery produced similar results. The choice of message framing appeared to influence help-seeking outcomes. Despite substantial heterogeneity in campaign approaches and difficulties isolating the effects of campaign delivery from messaging, the review indicates that media-based campaigns can play a role in improving male help-seeking for mental health difficulties. Mounting evidence suggests that messaging and delivery should align with male communication preferences. However, high-quality, targeted research is required to evaluate the circumstances in which various campaign delivery and messaging components are effective in improving male help-seeking for poor mental health and suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Duthie
- Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nicola Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Judith Wright
- Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Amy Morgan
- Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Lateef H, Adams L, Leach B, Boahen-Boaten B, Jallesma F, Bernard D, Williams ED. Masculinity and Afrocentric Worldview: Assessing Risk and Protective Factors of Self-Reliance and Ubuntu on Young Black Men's Suicide Ideation. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02098-7. [PMID: 39039262 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Over the past three decades, there has been a disproportionate increase in premature deaths among young Black Males (YMBs) in the US. This devastating trend has been largely driven by suicide in YBMs. Ecological and interpersonal psychological theories can be leveraged to understand the etiology of premature death in YBMs through both risk and protective factors. This cross-sectional study assessed the influence of depression, self-reliance, Ubuntu (a commonly noted feature of the Afrocentric worldview), and attitudes toward mental health help-seeking behaviors on suicidal ideation among YBMs. METHOD Participants (n = 422) who were identified as male, Black American, or African American and aged 18-29 years old completed an online survey between June and July 2022. Ordinal logistic regression correctly classified 76.5% of cases and found a statistically significant difference between observed and expected values. RESULTS The odds of reporting suicidal ideation were higher among those with more symptoms of depression and self-reliance and lower among participants who reported more compassion compared to the reference group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that compassion, an important aspect of Ubuntu, may have a protective effect against suicidal ideation, whereas high levels of depression and self-reliance may be linked to a greater vulnerability to suicidal ideation. As such, the current study recommends that interventions should reduce suicidal ideation and increase mental well-being among YBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husain Lateef
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Leslie Adams
- School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Leach
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Francine Jallesma
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Donte Bernard
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Sheikh A, Payne-Cook C, Lisk S, Carter B, Brown JSL. Why do young men not seek help for affective mental health issues? A systematic review of perceived barriers and facilitators among adolescent boys and young men. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02520-9. [PMID: 39004687 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Men are less likely to seek help for their mental health than women, but less is known about the specific patterns of help-seeking in adolescent boys and young men. This is concerning as adolescent boys and young men have high suicide rates but a low take-up of services. It is therefore of particular importance that the access needs of this group are understood. This review sought to identify the barriers and facilitators faced by adolescent boys and young men in help-seeking for affective mental health disorders. A search of the PubMed, APA PsycInfo, and Cochrane databases identified 3961 articles, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria. Six of the studies were qualitative, five were quantitative and one used mixed methods. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the articles. Five key themes were identified, including the impact of social norms, with the subthemes of conformity to masculine norms and self-stigma, limited availability of information about mental health, and 'male-friendly' mental health literacy campaigns. Other themes referred to the help-seeking preferences of adolescent boys and young men, in terms of informal or formal and online or offline help-seeking. Some of the factors were well-researched (e.g., conformity to masculine norms as a barrier) whereas other factors (e.g., self-compassion as a facilitator) were less researched. These barriers and facilitators need to be considered in the development of future strategies to improve the help-seeking behaviour of adolescent boys and young men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Lisk
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Carter
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - June S L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Roncero C, Díaz-Trejo S, Álvarez-Lamas E, García-Ullán LL, Bersabé-Pérez M, Benito-Sánchez JA, González-Sánchez A. Follow-up of telemedicine mental health interventions amid COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14921. [PMID: 38942891 PMCID: PMC11213890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The initiation of the program Mental Health Support Program for Coronavirus Infection addressed the increased demand for mental health services in the province of Salamanca, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The psychiatry service provided care for COVID-19 patients, their families, and healthcare workers who treated them, as these groups were identified as being at risk. This study aims to describe the assistance provided, including personnel and resources utilized, types of interventions carried out, and to assess the demand for mental health care and predominant symptoms and emotions experienced by patients. Billboards and the complex's intranet publicized the program. Specific clinical approach using telemedicine were provide from March 2020 to December 2021 to COVID-19 patients, their relatives, and healthcare workers. 216 patients were included with a mean age of 53.2 years, with women comprising 77.3% of this group. All the groups received treatment in similar proportions. Over a period of 730 h, a total of 1376 interventions were performed, with an average duration of 31.8 min per intervention. The program could treat 79.6% of these patients without requiring referrals to other services. When the program concluded, only 21 participants (9.7%) were discharged to the local mental health network to continue their mental health treatment. The program effectively reduced the burden on regular mental health services due to its ability to treat most patients without requiring referrals. The program was able to attend to most mental health requests with minimal involvement of the regular mental health service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Roncero
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca (Spain), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Calle Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Virgen de la Vega, 10ª Planta, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Sara Díaz-Trejo
- Psychiatry Service, University of Salamanca Health Care Complex, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Esther Álvarez-Lamas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Virgen de la Vega, 10ª Planta, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, University of Salamanca Health Care Complex, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - LLanyra García-Ullán
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca (Spain), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Calle Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Virgen de la Vega, 10ª Planta, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, University of Salamanca Health Care Complex, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miriam Bersabé-Pérez
- Psiquiatric Service, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Av. de Menéndez Pelayo, 65, Retiro, 28009, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Benito-Sánchez
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca (Spain), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Calle Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Virgen de la Vega, 10ª Planta, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, University of Salamanca Health Care Complex, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Armando González-Sánchez
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca (Spain), Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Calle Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Virgen de la Vega, 10ª Planta, Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA), C/ Compañía, 5, 37002, Salamanca, Spain
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Chan EC, Conlon K, Gagnon L. Risk factors and methods in suicides of elderly patients connected to mental health services from 1999-2024. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1425371. [PMID: 38952630 PMCID: PMC11215130 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1425371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide prevention is an important aspect of psychiatric care, with older men being a population identified at especially high suicide risk and a recent increase in suicides among older women. Methods Using data collected by the region's quality assurance team, we examined all suicide deaths occurring between March 1999 and February 2024 in patients aged 60 years or older who were connected to the region's Addiction and Mental Health Program at the time of death. Data were analyzed to describe which factors were most commonly identified in suicides in older adults receiving mental healthcare. We also compared male and female cases to determine whether certain factors were more commonly observed in one gender. Results We identified 48 cases of suicide occurring in patients aged 60 or over. 60% of suicides occurred in males. Overdose and hanging were the most common suicide methods used, and all suicides occurring on inpatient units occurred via hanging. Depression was the most common diagnosis, and was diagnosed more frequently in suicides of female older adults. A greater proportion of suicides in older women were associated with previous history of suicide attempts. Discussion Our findings support many current best practices for suicide prevention in psychiatric care, including minimizing ligatures and anchor points on inpatient settings, assessing for and limiting access to means in individuals at-risk, and assessing suicide risk in hospitalized patients prior to passes and discharge. Recognition and treatment of depression remain important aspects in the treatment of older adults to prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kim Conlon
- Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lisa Gagnon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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13
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Hanlon CA, Saini P, Boland J, McIlroy D, Poole H, Chopra J. Psychological risk factors predictive of suicidal distress in men receiving a community-based brief psychological intervention. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:394-404. [PMID: 38334160 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adaptable community-based approaches for assessment and delivery of suicide prevention interventions for men experiencing suicidal crisis are needed. The lay your cards on the table (LYCT) component of the James' Place Model is a novel therapeutic approach comprised of four sets of card variables that correspond with suicidal risk factors. This study investigated the LYCT in predicting suicidal distress among men. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 511 men aged 18-69 years (M = 34.59 years; SD = 12.30) collected between 1st August 2018 and 29th July 2021 were assessed to predict suicidal distress measured using the CORE Clinical Outcome Measures (CORE-OM). RESULTS From four categories comprising the LYCT, correlational analyses demonstrated that 20 associations emerged as statistically significant (r's = 0.12-0.19). When these were included in regression analyses, effect sizes explained 2%-5% variance in CORE-OM outcomes (R2). CONCLUSION Use of LYCT is supported for engaging men in the assessment of suicide risk factors and to inform tailoring of intervention delivery to suit the individual needs of men experiencing suicidal crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Anne Hanlon
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pooja Saini
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - David McIlroy
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen Poole
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jennifer Chopra
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Zhang Z, Das S. Unveiling the patterns: exploring social and clinical characteristics of frequent mental health visits to the emergency department-a comprehensive systematic review. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 4:17. [PMID: 38802580 PMCID: PMC11130112 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-024-00070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent presenters (FPs) are a group of individuals who visit the hospital emergency department (ED) frequently for urgent care. Many among the group present with the main diagnosis of mental health conditions. This group of individual tend to use ED resources disproportionally and significantly affects overall healthcare outcomes. No previous reviews have examined the profiles of FPs with mental health conditions. AIMS This study aims to identify the key socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who frequently present to ED with a mental health primary diagnosis by performing a comprehensive systematic review of the existing literature. METHOD PRISMA guideline was used. PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) were searched in May 2023. A manual search on the reference list of included articles was conducted at the same time. Covidence was used to perform extraction and screening, which were completed independently by two authors. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. RESULTS The abstracts of 3341 non-duplicate articles were screened, with 40 full texts assessed for eligibility. 20 studies were included from 2004 to 2022 conducted in 6 countries with a total patient number of 25,688 (52% male, 48% female, mean age 40.7 years old). 27% were unemployed, 20% married, 41% homeless, and 17% had tertiary or above education. 44% had a history of substance abuse or alcohol dependence. The top 3 diagnoses are found to be anxiety disorders (44%), depressive disorders (39%) schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders (33%). CONCLUSION On average, FPs are middle-aged and equally prevalent in both genders. Current data lacks representation for gender-diverse groups. They are significantly associated with high rates of unemployment, homelessness, lower than average education level, and being single. Anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders are the most common clinical diagnoses associated with the group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soumitra Das
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Western Health, Footscray, Australia
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15
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Ford PA, Keane CA. Australian men's help-seeking intentions for anxiety symptoms: The impact of masculine norm conformity and gender role conflict. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29114. [PMID: 38633657 PMCID: PMC11021970 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Research highlights a discrepancy between the number of men experiencing mental illness and those seeking professional help, particularly for anxiety. Conformity to masculine norms (CMN) and gender role conflict (GRC) have been recognised as barriers to men's mental health help-seeking, but few studies have examined these relationships for anxiety. This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety severity and help-seeking intentions in Australian men, and the additional impact of CMN and GRC. A total of 610 Australians aged 18-89 years (M = 46.02, SD = 17.14) participated in an online survey, which included demographic information and four standardised questionnaires measuring anxiety, help-seeking intentions, CMN, and GRC. CMN but not GRC was found to fully mediate the relationship between anxiety severity and anxiety-related help-seeking intentions. The results have theoretical implications for the study of masculinity and clinical implications for therapeutic approaches for men with anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice A. Ford
- Faculty of Health, School of Allied Health Sciences, Discipline of Psychology, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina, NT, 0810, Australia
| | - Carol A. Keane
- Faculty of Health, School of Allied Health Sciences, Discipline of Psychology, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina, NT, 0810, Australia
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Troeung L, Sarunga Raja TL, Mann G, Wagland J, MacLeod C, Martini A. IMproving psYchosocial adjustment to Traumatic Brain Injury from acute to chronic injury through development and evaluation of the myTBI online psychoeducation platform: protocol for a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080030. [PMID: 38508623 PMCID: PMC10953309 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This protocol describes the myTBI study which aims to: (1) develop an online psychoeducation platform for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI), their family members/caregivers, and healthcare staff to improve psychosocial adjustment to TBI across different phases of injury (acute, postacute, and chronic), and (2) undertake an evaluation of efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A three-stage mixed-methods research design will be used. The study will be undertaken across four postacute community-based neurorehabilitation and disability support services in Western Australia. Stage 1 (interviews and surveys) will use consumer-driven qualitative methodology to: (1) understand the recovery experiences and psychosocial challenges of people with TBI over key stages (acute, postacute, and chronic), and (2) identify required areas of psychosocial support to inform the psychoeducation platform development. Stage 2 (development) will use a Delphi expert consensus method to: (1) determine the final psychoeducation modules, and (2) perform acceptance testing of the myTBI platform. Finally, stage 3 (evaluation) will be a randomised stepped-wedge trial to evaluate efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, postintervention, follow-up, and at final discharge from services. Change in outcomes will be analysed using multilevel mixed-effects modelling. Follow-up surveys will be conducted to evaluate acceptability and feasibility. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was granted by North Metropolitan Health Service Mental Health Research Ethics and Governance Office (RGS0000005877). Study findings will be relevant to clinicians, researchers, and organisations who are seeking a cost-effective solution to deliver ongoing psychoeducation and support to individuals with TBI across the recovery journey. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12623000990628.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakkhina Troeung
- Brightwater Research Centre, Brightwater Care Group, Inglewood, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thilaga L Sarunga Raja
- Brightwater Research Centre, Brightwater Care Group, Inglewood, Western Australia, Australia
- Oats Street Rehabilitation Centre, Brightwater Care Group, East Victoria Park, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Georgina Mann
- Brightwater Research Centre, Brightwater Care Group, Inglewood, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Janet Wagland
- Disability Services, Brightwater Care Group, Inglewood, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Colin MacLeod
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Angelita Martini
- Brightwater Research Centre, Brightwater Care Group, Inglewood, Western Australia, Australia
- The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Roche E, Richardson N, Sweeney J, O’Donnell S. Workplace Interventions Targeting Mental Health Literacy, Stigma, Help-Seeking, and Help-Offering in Male-Dominated Industries: A Systematic Review. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241236223. [PMID: 38581228 PMCID: PMC10998494 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241236223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental ill-health and suicide represent a significant proportion of the burden of global disease among men. Connell's relational theory of masculinities provides a useful framework to explore how mental health literacy, mental health stigma, and delayed help-seeking and help-offering behaviors are associated with mental ill-health among men, particularly within male-dominated industries. To address the high incidences of mental ill-health in male-dominated industries, several workplace interventions targeting these outcomes have been implemented. No review to date has examined the current state of evidence for these interventions or identified the behavior change techniques used. This review was restricted to empirical, quantitative research reporting on psychosocial interventions targeting mental health literacy, stigma, and help-seeking and help-offering behaviors in male-dominated industries. Quality appraisal was completed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project and a narrative synthesis was conducted. Twelve articles were included for review which reported on four distinct interventions. The methodological quality of two articles was strong, three moderate and seven weak. The strongest evidence of intervention effects related to mental health literacy and help-seeking intentions. There was less evidence relating to help-offering and help-seeking behaviors and mental health stigma. Sixteen behavior change techniques were identified across interventions that are discussed in relation to the wider men's health literature. The evidence on psychosocial interventions in male-dominated industries is limited due to methodological and conceptual issues. Recommendations for future research include standardized reporting of intervention descriptions, the use of theory to guide intervention development, and utilizing validated and reliable outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Roche
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Jack Sweeney
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Shane O’Donnell
- The National Centre for Men’s Health, Department of Health and Sports Sciences, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
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18
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Chen T, Cao Z, Ferland F, Farand L, Fleury MJ. Profiles of Emergency Department Users with Psychiatric Disorders Related to Barriers to Outpatient Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:234. [PMID: 38397723 PMCID: PMC10888102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is a growing problem worldwide. High ED users have been historically targeted to reduce ED overcrowding and associated high costs. Patients with psychiatric disorders, including substance-related disorders (SRDs), are among the largest contributors to high ED use. Since EDs are meant for urgent cases, they are not an appropriate setting for treating recurrent patients or replacing outpatient care. Identifying ED user profiles in terms of perceived barriers to care, service use, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics is crucial to reduce ED use and unmet needs. Data were extracted from medical records and a survey was conducted among 299 ED patients from 2021 to 2022 in large Quebec networks. Cluster algorithms and comparison tests identified three profiles. Profile 1 had the most patients without barriers to care, with case managers, and received the best primary care. Profile 2 reported moderate barriers to care and low primary care use, best quality of life, and more serious psychiatric disorders. Profile 3 had the most barriers to care, high ED users, and lower service satisfaction and perceived mental/health conditions. Our findings and recommendations inform decision-makers on evidence-based strategies to address the unmet needs of these vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada;
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada;
| | - Francine Ferland
- School of Social Work, Addiction Rehabilitation Centre, Laval University, National Capital University Integrated Health and Social Services Centre, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Lambert Farand
- Department of Health Administration, Policy, and Evaluation, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada;
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada;
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada;
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19
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Åmlid HO, Carlsson J, Bjørnestad J, Joa I, Hegelstad WTV. We need to talk: a qualitative inquiry into pathways to care for young men at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1282432. [PMID: 38410399 PMCID: PMC10894910 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1282432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is known from the literature that men are slower to seek help and staying engaged in mental health care compared to women. Seeing that in psychosis, men more often than women have insidious onsets but also a more malign illness course, it is important to find ways to improve timely help-seeking. The aim of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators for help-seeking in young male persons struggling with early signs of psychosis. Methods Qualitative interviews with nine young men who suffer from a first episode of psychosis or psychosis risk symptoms. Results Male stereotypical ideals, significant others, and knowledge of symptoms and where to get help as well characteristics of symptom trajectories appeared to be important determinants of help-seeking behavior. Discussion Interviews indicated that help-seeking in the participants was delayed first, because of reluctancy to disclose distress and second, because significant others were unable to accurately recognize symptoms. Information, awareness, and easy access to care remain important in early detection and intervention in psychosis and psychosis risk. However, more emphasis should be placed on de-stigmatizing mental health problems in men and aiming information specifically at them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkon Olav Åmlid
- TIPS – Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jan Carlsson
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jone Bjørnestad
- TIPS – Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- TIPS – Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS – Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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20
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Stas P, De Jaegere E, van Heeringen K, Ballon A, Portzky G. Evaluation of an online suicide prevention campaign targeting men. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:95-107. [PMID: 37970735 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men are at elevated risk of suicide compared to women. Adherence to traditional norms of masculinity can interfere with potential protective factors such as openness to talk and seeking social support, which can contribute to the increased suicide risk. An online public health campaign was developed to improve mental health among men and tackle the stigma surrounding it. This study aimed at examining whether the online suicide prevention campaign targeting men increased openness to talk about emotions and help-seeking behavior and decreased hopelessness and adherence to traditional gender norms concerning self-reliance. METHOD 250 men (18+) from Flanders (Belgium) were recruited online and given access to the campaign website for a period of 3 days. Before and after viewing the campaign website, participants were asked to complete an online survey. RESULTS Viewing the campaign was associated with a small increase in help-seeking intention when experiencing suicidal thoughts. Among men who reported mental health problems, a small increase in openness to communicating and expressing emotions was found after viewing the campaign. In general, participants evaluated the campaign positively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the potential beneficial impact of an online prevention campaign specifically targeting men on health behaviors that may protect against suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Stas
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva De Jaegere
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kees van Heeringen
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Ballon
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gwendolyn Portzky
- Flemish Centre of Expertise in Suicide Prevention, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Turner EA, Douglas C, Haseeb A. Predictors of Seeking Mental Health Treatment in Black Men: Therapy Fears and Expectations About Counseling. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:385-393. [PMID: 37682382 PMCID: PMC10821816 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined predictors of mental health treatment among Black men while incarcerated. Participants were 76 individuals who identified as Black Americans and were recruited from a correctional setting. Using secondary data analysis (Shaw, L. B., & Morgan, R. D. (2011). Inmate attitudes toward treatment: Mental health service utilization and treatment effects. Law and Human Behavior, 35(4), 249-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9233-5 .), results indicated that Black men with a mental health diagnosis were more likely than those without a diagnosis to report receiving mental health treatment while incarcerated. Additionally, linear regression analyses indicated that only expectations about treatment (i.e., personal commitment; not therapy fears or history of mental health diagnosis) significantly predicted the current use of mental health treatment. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlanger A Turner
- Graduate School of Education and Psychology, Pepperdine University, 6100 Center Drive, 5th Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA.
| | | | - Abdul Haseeb
- Graduate School of Education and Psychology, Pepperdine University, 6100 Center Drive, 5th Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
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22
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Sims SA, Pereira G, Fatovich DM, Preen D, O'Donnell M. Assessing the utility of night-time presentations as a proxy for alcohol-related harm among young emergency department trauma patients. Emerg Med Australas 2024; 36:47-54. [PMID: 37577775 PMCID: PMC10952259 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.14294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the usefulness of night-time presentations to measure alcohol-related harm (ARH) in young trauma patients, aged 12-24 years, attending Western Australian EDs. METHODS A retrospective longitudinal study examined alcohol-related ED presentations in Western Australia (WA; 2002-2016) among 12- to 24-year-olds. Data from the Emergency Department Data Collection, WA State Trauma Registry Database and Hospital Morbidity Data Collection were used to identify ARH through specific codes and text searches. These were compared to ARH estimates based on presentation time. Statistical analysis involved sensitivity and specificity calculations and Cox proportional hazards modelling. RESULTS We identified 2644 (17.8%) night-time presentations as a proxy measure of ARH among the 14 887 presentations of patients aged 12-24 years. This closely matched the 3064 (20.6%) identified as ARH through coding methods. The highest risk for an ARH presentation occurred during the night hours between 00.00 and 04.59 hours. During these hours, the risk was 4.4-5.1 times higher compared to presentations at midday (between 12.00 and 12.59 hours). However, when looking at individual patients, we observed that night-time presentations were not a strong predictor of ARH (sensitivity: 0.39; positive predictive value: 0.46). CONCLUSIONS Implementing targeted interventions during night hours could be beneficial in addressing ARH presentations. However, relying solely on the time of presentation as a proxy for ARH is unlikely to effectively identify ARH in young individuals. Instead, the present study emphasises the importance of implementing mandatory data collection strategies in EDs to ensure accurate measurement of ARH cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Sims
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Gavin Pereira
- Curtin School of Population HealthCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for Fertility and HealthNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway
| | - Daniel M Fatovich
- Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth HospitalThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency MedicineHarry Perkins Institute of Medical ResearchPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - David Preen
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Melissa O'Donnell
- School of Population and Global HealthThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Child ProtectionUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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Vickery A. Exploring the Characteristics of Men Aged 55+ Who Use Mental Health Community Care and Support Services: A Secondary Analysis of the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Study in England. J Aging Health 2024:8982643241227251. [PMID: 38235737 DOI: 10.1177/08982643241227251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to understand the demographic and situational characteristics of men over 55 who have used a community support service. Method: Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was conducted using anonymised data from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Study 2014. Results: Need factors such as having a common mental disorder (CMD), poor general health and having counselling/therapy were the most relevant to use of a community support service. It was more common for older men (85+), single men, and those who reported experiencing several traumatic life events to have used a community support service. Discussion: The results are critically discussed by considering the roles of gender, ageing, and social support, which might influence the use of community support services. There is a need for more awareness of categories such as age and previous service use, and how they might influence community support help seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Vickery
- Cardiff School of Education and Social Policy, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Bristol, UK
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24
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Arif AA, Adeyemi O, Laditka SB, Laditka JN. Suicide Rates and Risks Across U.S. Industries: A 29-Year Population-Based Survey. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38193926 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2300324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide rates in the working-age U.S. population have increased by over 40% in the last two decades. Although suicide may be linked with characteristics of workplaces and their industries, few studies have reported industry-level suicide rates. No study has reported suicide rates by industry using nationally representative data. This study estimates suicide risks across industries in the U.S. working population. METHODS Industry-level estimates of suicide risks require substantial data; we combined 29 years of U.S. suicide data using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)-Mortality Linked data from 1986 through 2014, with mortality follow-up through 2015. We conducted survey-weighted Poisson regression analyses to estimate suicide mortality rates and rate ratios across all populations and stratified by gender. All analyses were adjusted first for age, and then for age, employment status, marital status, race/ethnicity, and rurality/urbanicity (demographic-adjusted). Rate ratios compared results for workers in each industry to those for all industries, accounting for the NHIS survey design. RESULTS A total of 1,943 suicide deaths were recorded. Age-adjusted suicide rates per 100,000 were highest in the furniture, lumber, and wood industry group (29.3), the fabricated metal industry (26.3), and mining (25.8). Demographic-adjusted rates were higher among men than women in most industries. Demographic-adjusted rate ratios were significantly elevated in the furniture, lumber, and wood industries (Rate Ratio, RR = 1.60, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.18-2.18); chemicals and allied products (RR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.04-2.13); and construction (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03-1.41). CONCLUSION Several industries had significantly high suicide rates. Suicide prevention efforts may be particularly useful for workers in those industries.
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25
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Fomicheva E, Jyrgalbek J, Mikhaylova O. What explains trust in online mental health therapy provision platforms? An online descriptive survey. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241272616. [PMID: 39130525 PMCID: PMC11311150 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241272616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is an increased interest in providing mental health care through digital devices and services, and the demand for these services is growing. Objective In this study, we considered the phenomenon of trust in online consultations, and the factors affecting this trust, within a Russian context. Methods An online survey was conducted using Google Forms in May 2023 and the data were analyzed using SPSS. All the participants were students from Moscow universities aged from 18 to 35 years. The final sample consisted of 203 students, of which 154 (75.9%) were women, 44 (21.7%) were men, and five (2.5%) preferred not to specify their gender. Results We found that students had a high level of trust, which depended on personal factors, such as experience, socio-economic status, and age, and contextual factors, such as geographical and temporal independence, price of the session, availability of recommendations, popularity of the platform, and the level of technical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasmin Jyrgalbek
- Department of Social Sciences, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana Mikhaylova
- Department of Social Sciences, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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26
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Morgan PC, Wittenborn AK, Edwards C. Session-to-session bidirectional associations of alliance with depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction. FAMILY PROCESS 2023; 62:1439-1458. [PMID: 37589275 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes is one of the most widely studied topics in psychotherapy research. Research has primarily considered a unidirectional model whereby alliance predicts outcomes, which implies that building alliance early in therapy results in later symptom improvement and ignores the possibility that early symptom improvement could also subsequently lead to improved alliance. This study explored the bidirectional associations of alliance and outcomes session-to-session for 15 sessions among a sample of 24 couples randomized to emotionally focused therapy or treatment as usual for depression and relationship dissatisfaction. Multilevel models tested associations between the prior week's alliance and the following week's clinical outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction) and the prior week's clinical outcomes with the following week's alliance. Findings indicated that the prior week's alliance was associated with the following week's relationship satisfaction, but not depressive symptoms, when controlling for the prior week's depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction in each respective model. In addition, the prior week's depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction were both associated with the following week's alliance, when controlling for the prior week's alliance. Only one of these associations differed by sex: previous week's higher relationship satisfaction was associated with higher therapeutic alliance the following week for males than females. These bidirectional associations did not differ by treatment condition. This study contributes to the emerging empirical support suggesting bidirectionality among alliance and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston C Morgan
- Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Andrea K Wittenborn
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Caitlin Edwards
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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27
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Göttgens I, Modderkolk L, Vermuë P, Darweesh SK, Bloem BR, Oertelt-Prigione S. Gender-aware Parkinson's care: a design-based study of patient perspectives on gender norms and gender-sensitive care. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 65:102285. [PMID: 37876997 PMCID: PMC10590864 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gender dimensions are progressively recognised as a relevant social determinant of health in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about the impact of gender norms and stereotypes on illness experiences of men and women with PD and what they consider important focal points for gender-sensitive PD care. Methods We conducted two equity-centred design (ECD) sessions on December 7, 2022 and December 8, 2022, at the Radboud University Medical Centre in the Netherlands. This participatory multi-method approach includes patients in the research and design process and was used to explore the impact of gender norms and stereotypes in illness experiences and generate patient-driven recommendations for gender-aware Parkinson's care. Quantitative survey data and design-based data were descriptively analysed, and qualitative focus group discussions were thematically analysed. Findings This study included thirteen men and fifteen women with PD in the Netherlands. All participants were of Dutch descent, with a median age of 65.5 years and a median clinical disease duration of 4.2 years. The gendered stereotype that "people with PD are old men" affected both men's and women's perception of living with the disease and the perceptions of their social environment. Men described masculine stereotypes related to physical strength and provider roles, while women expressed those related to feminine physical appearance and caregiver roles, influencing their illness experiences. For some, these norms influenced personal behaviours, while for others, they affected experiences through societal attitudes. Interpretation Our findings suggested that several gender norms and stereotypes influence the illness experiences of men and women with PD, manifesting at ideological, interpersonal, and internalised levels. Some participants internalised these norms, affecting their coping behaviours, while others encountered them in broader ideological contexts that shaped societal attitudes and interpersonal relationships. To advance gender sensitive PD care, it's essential to explore the impact of gender roles and norms, especially regarding how they might impede coping strategies, care access and utilisation for individuals of diverse gender identities. Funding The Gatsby Foundation and co-funded by the PPP Allowance by Health∼Holland. Travel reimbursements for participants were made available through a Parkinson's Foundation grant (PF-FBS-2026).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Göttgens
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Modderkolk
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Paula Vermuë
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sirwan K.L. Darweesh
- Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R. Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Centre of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Oertelt-Prigione
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- AG 10 Sex- and Gender-sensitive Medicine, Medical Faculty OWL, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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28
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El-Hachem SS, Lakkis NA, Osman MH, Issa HG, Beshara RY. University students' intentions to seek psychological counseling, attitudes toward seeking psychological help, and stigma. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1661-1674. [PMID: 37037916 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems are prevalent among university students worldwide. Studies have shown that most students do not disclose and do not get the psychological help and support they need. OBJECTIVES This survey aims to investigate the intentions to seek psychological counseling (ISC) among university students, their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (ATSPPH), and the predictors of those intentions and attitudes including stigma. DESIGN AND METHODS a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 420 students at the American University of Beirut (AUB). RESULTS Depression, test anxiety, and difficulty sleeping are the three main reasons students would seek psychological help. The source the students most preferred to ask for help was one's family followed by psychologists and psychiatrists. Students' ATSPPH is a positive predictor of their ISC, while students' self-stigma of seeking help (SSOSH) is a negative predictor of their ATSPPH. Moreover, students' awareness of the psychological help system available on campus, free of charge, is a positive predictor for both ISC and ATSPPH. CONCLUSION Different interventions are needed to reduce stigma and enhance students' mental health literacy and awareness of the available professional psychological help on campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saria S El-Hachem
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najla A Lakkis
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon.
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon.
| | - Mona H Osman
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanane G Issa
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ranin Y Beshara
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
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29
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Roberts-West L, Baxendale S. The impact of recreational cannabis use on neuropsychological function in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2023; 24:100630. [PMID: 37954009 PMCID: PMC10637877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2023.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis use is associated with neuropsychological impairments in the general population, but little is known about the impact on cognitive function in people with epilepsy who are already at increased risk of difficulties due to the essential comorbidities of the disease. We compared the performance of 42 people with epilepsy (PWE) who reported regular cannabis use with 254 age matched, non-cannabis-using PWE. Patients completed tests of intellectual reserve, memory, language and processing speed. Approximately one in 17 patients (5.9 %) reported current cannabis use. Cannabis use was not associated with epilepsy type. Males were 1.8 times more likely to report cannabis use compared to females. Cannabis use was associated with lower intellectual reserve (Reading IQ: t = 2.8, p < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.49), reduced encoding of new information (List Learning: t = 3.3, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.56) and enhanced susceptibility to distraction on a subsequent recall task (t = 3.07, p < 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.51. In regression models cannabis use was significantly associated with impairments in learning and recall after controlling for elevated levels of anxiety and depression. Our data indicates that recreational cannabis use in people with epilepsy amplifies deficits in new learning and enhances susceptibility to distraction in the retention of newly learnt material. Recreational cannabis use should be considered when interpreting the significance of these cognitive impairments when they are recorded in a clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sallie Baxendale
- University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, United Kingdom
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30
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Qureshi FM, Golan R, Ghomeshi A, Ramasamy R. An Update on the Use of Wearable Devices in Men's Health. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:785-795. [PMID: 36792091 PMCID: PMC10523121 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Men's health represents an often-overlooked aspect of public health. Men have higher mortality rates worldwide and are more negatively affected by chronic conditions such as obesity and heart disease, as well as addiction to alcohol and tobacco. Men also have health issues such as prostate cancer and male sexual dysfunction which only affect them. Because of the skewed burden of morbidity and mortality on men, it is imperative from a public health perspective to make a concerted effort to specifically improve men's health. The use of wearable devices in medical practice presents a novel avenue to invest in men's health in a safe, easily scalable, and economic fashion. Wearable devices are now ubiquitous in society, and their use in the healthcare setting is only increasing with time. There are commercially available devices such as smart watches which are available to lay people and healthcare professionals alike to improve overall health and wellness, and there are also purpose-built wearable devices which are used to track or treat a specific disease. In our review of the literature, we found that while research in the field of wearable devices is still in its early stages, there is ample evidence that wearable devices can greatly improve men's health in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan M Qureshi
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roei Golan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Armin Ghomeshi
- Department of Urology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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31
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Lisk S, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Carter B, Sclare I, Holly J, Brown JSL. Engaging Older Adolescent Boys Into School-Based Mental Health Workshops: Testing Theory-Based Facilitators and Barriers in Focus Groups. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231177975. [PMID: 37822122 PMCID: PMC10571706 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231177975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Untreated mental health problems continue from childhood and adolescence into adulthood, meaning accessible early intervention is essential to reduce long-term negative outcomes. However, there is often a reluctance to engage in mental health treatment, with considerable evidence that young men are less likely to seek help than young women. This original research study aimed to explore four areas of interest around facilitating engagement of adolescent boys to a stress workshop intervention for adolescents in U.K. schools. The areas explored were male role models, destigmatizing language, trust building, and using a transparent and collaborative approach. We also sought to understand the main barriers to engagement. To explore these areas of interest, two focus groups were run, with a total of 12 young men, over two regional sites (London and Bath). Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Participants particularly valued transparency and collaboration as strong facilitators to engagement. Building of trust was the next most popular. Use of role models and destigmatizing language were the joint third most popular methods. The main barrier to help-seeking identified was perceived threat to masculine identity (self and social stigma). Given these novel findings, the factors of transparency and collaboration and building trust as facilitators merit further research, among both adults and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lisk
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ilyas Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Carter
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Irene Sclare
- Southwark CAMHS Clinical Academic Group, South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Holly
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - June S. L. Brown
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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32
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Blackshaw E, Sefi A, Mindel C, Maher H, De Ossorno Garcia S. Digital mental health outcome monitoring for a structured text-based youth counselling intervention: Demographic profile and outcome change. Psychol Psychother 2023; 96:644-661. [PMID: 36920075 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital mental health interventions comprise a potentially effective and accessible form of support for young people, particularly at times when traditional face-to-face service delivery is reduced, as in the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS This study assessed the demographic profile of young people using a digital mental health support service and evaluated outcome change over the course of a structured online counselling intervention (synchronous text-chat sessions with a practitioner). MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were collected from 23,260 young people aged between 10 and 25 years engaging with the intervention between April 2019 and June 2021. RESULTS Young people accessing these services had high levels of mental health needs, particularly those identifying with non-binary gender identity. Service users were mostly female, with equitable rates of access for young people from racialised communities. Overall outcome change demonstrated small effect sizes according to the YP-CORE (0.19) and CORE-10 (0.38), which increased to a moderate level when young people remained engaged with a dedicated practitioner for at least seven sessions (0.38, 0.58). Regression analysis illustrated the effect of the number of sessions on outcome change, but this can be also influenced by other variables such as age and gender. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Further research is required to explore ways to engage with young people using digital web-based services for a longer period and to collect and analyse single-session outcome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Blackshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
- Impact and Evaluation, Coram, London, UK
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33
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Holtz BE, Kanthawala S, Martin K, Nelson V, Parrott S. Young adults' adoption and use of mental health apps: efficient, effective, but no replacement for in-person care. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37399569 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2227727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Millions of people use mobile phone or computer-based applications-apps-to maintain their mental health and connect with treatment providers through text- and video-based chat functions. The present study sought to understand young adults' motivations for adopting this technology using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), how they use mental health apps, and the gratifications they receive from using mental health apps. Participants: One hundred-eighteen mental health app users responded to an online survey. Methods: A survey was conducted with students at a Midwestern university. The survey included questions regarding current mental health services, mental health apps used, UTAUT and gratifications survey items. Results: A regression analysis suggested users' performance expectancies, effort expectancies, and facilitating conditions predicted the adoption of mental health apps. Young adults most often use mental health apps for stress relief. While they preferred in-person treatment, users described mental health apps as efficient and helpful. Conclusion: Overall, the results reinforce the sense of optimism for the future of mental health apps, suggesting the potential for apps to supplement-but not necessarily replace-in-person care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree E Holtz
- College of Communication, Arts, & Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shaheen Kanthawala
- College of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kaley Martin
- College of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Victoria Nelson
- College of Communication, Arts, & Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Scott Parrott
- College of Communication and Information Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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34
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Steele ML, Wittenhagen L, Meurk C, Phillips J, Clugston B, Heck P, Waterson E, Heffernan E. Police negotiators and suicide crisis situations: a mixed-methods examination of incident details, characteristics of individuals and precipitating factors. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2023; 31:748-763. [PMID: 39118785 PMCID: PMC11305054 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2023.2206878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Police negotiators provide leadership and expertise in the de-escalation and resolution of critical incidents, including responding to individuals exhibiting suicidal behaviour. This study describes the frequency and characteristics of suicide-related negotiation incidents in Queensland, Australia as classified in the Queensland Police Service Negotiator Deployment Database, between 2012 and 2014. Incidents were analysed to understand the individuals involved and precipitating factors including mental health problems and intoxication with alcohol or drugs. Police negotiators were deployed to 156 suicide intervention incidents over a 3-year period, half of which occurred at a residence. The cohort had a median age of 32 years and were predominantly male (82%). Four out of five individuals appeared to have a mental health problem, and at least half were intoxicated due to drugs or alcohol. Findings highlight the importance of strong linkages between police, health and social services and the need for innovative and comprehensive, cross-agency programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L. Steele
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Lisa Wittenhagen
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Carla Meurk
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Jane Phillips
- Queensland Forensic Mental Health Service, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bobbie Clugston
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Mental Health Alcohol and Other Drugs Branch, Department of Health, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter Heck
- Queensland Police Service, QLD, Australia
| | - Elissa Waterson
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Forensic Mental Health Service, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ed Heffernan
- Forensic Mental Health Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Queensland Health, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Forensic Mental Health Service, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Lin C, Pham H, Hser YI. Mental Health Service Utilization and Disparities in the U.S: Observation of the First Year into the COVID Pandemic. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:972-985. [PMID: 36609783 PMCID: PMC11329229 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-022-01081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examined mental health service utilization and disparities during the first year of COVID. We analyzed data from all adult respondents with any mental illness in the past year (n = 6967) in the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to evaluate if mental health service utilization differed by geographic areas, race/ethnicity, and age groups. Only 46% of individuals with any mental illness had received mental health treatment. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Asian and Hispanics were less likely to receive outpatient services and prescription medicine. Rural residents received less outpatient treatment compared to large metropolitan residents. No difference was found in telemedicine utilization across area types and race/ethnicity groups. Older individuals were less likely to utilize telemedicine services. Our findings highlighted continued mental health treatment disparities among race/ethnic minorities and other sub-populations during COVID. Targeted strategies are warranted to allow older populations to benefit from telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Center for Community Health, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Huyen Pham
- Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yih-Ing Hser
- Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
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Sileo KM, Luttinen R, Muñoz S, Hill TD. Gender Role Discrepancy Stress and COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors Among Men in the United States. Am J Health Promot 2023; 37:766-777. [PMID: 36648009 PMCID: PMC9852979 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231152140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations between gender role discrepancy (non-conformity to socially prescribed masculine gender role norms) and discrepancy stress (distress arising from this discrepancy) on COVID-19 prevention behaviors among men, and the potential moderating effects of race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and income on these relationships. DESIGN A national online survey was conducted between May and June 2021. SETTING The United States. SUBJECTS 749 adult men residing in the United States. MEASURES A scale measured gender role discrepancy and discrepancy stress. COVID-19 prevention outcomes were constructed and included self-reported vaccination status/intentions, social distancing, mask-wearing, and hand-sanitizing. ANALYSIS Multivariate generalized linear models were performed in SPSS. RESULTS Gender role discrepancy associated with greater odds of vaccination (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02-1.78, P = .04), while discrepancy stress associated with lower odds of vaccination (AOR = .48, 95% CI = .35-.68, P < 0. 001) and mask-wearing (AOR = .54, 95% CI = .37-.79, P = .001) for men overall. Discrepancy stress's negative effect on specific COVID-19 prevention behaviors was only apparent or was amplified for men in lower income brackets (vaccination, social distancing, mask-wearing), racial/ethnic minority men (vaccination), and sexual minority men (social distancing). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that gender role discrepancy stress negatively affects men's engagement in COVID-19 prevention, particularly for men in marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn M. Sileo
- The Department of Public Health, College of Health, Community, and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Luttinen
- The Department of Public Health, College of Health, Community, and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- The Department of Demography, College of Health, Community, and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Suyapa Muñoz
- The Department of Public Health, College of Health, Community, and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Terrence D. Hill
- The Department of Sociology, College of Health, Community, and Policy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Fernandes HVJ, Richard C, Bynkoski K, Ewan B, Houle SKD. A longitudinal qualitative study examining the impact of Check-In, a novel learning activity on burnout for pharmacy students. CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING & LEARNING 2023; 15:543-550. [PMID: 37355380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burnout is a phenomenon that can occur in any occupation, but pharmacists may be more prone to its effects. Because of its relevance to the pharmacy profession, the University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy incorporated an active learning activity to teach pharmacy students about healthcare provider burnout. This activity, named Check-In, was launched in March 2020 and consisted of one-on-one check-ins between pharmacy students and staff. As the first learning activity of its kind, the researchers wished to investigate the ongoing impact of Check-In. METHODS This qualitative, descriptive study was composed of telephone interviews with 13 students that partook in Check-In. These interviews were held at two different timepoints: six and 18 months post-activity. Participants were recruited until data saturation, and transcripts underwent thematic analysis. RESULTS Four themes were identified from the interviews: (1) Check-In was a valuable learning activity; (2) students performed some form of checking in post-activity; (3) burnout could be recognized and defined by students; (4) Check-In's place in the pharmacy curriculum still needs to be determined. CONCLUSIONS Check-In is an innovative learning activity to teach pharmacy learners about healthcare provider burnout. It can be utilized by pharmacy institutions to incorporate wellness and student mental health into curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi V J Fernandes
- University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada.
| | - Cynthia Richard
- University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada.
| | - Kaitlin Bynkoski
- University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada.
| | - Becky Ewan
- University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada.
| | - Sherilyn K D Houle
- University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON N2G 1C5, Canada.
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Jahan I, Sharif AB, Hasan ABMN. Suicide stigma and suicide literacy among Bangladeshi young adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1160955. [PMID: 37252136 PMCID: PMC10213423 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1160955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Owing to poor suicide literacy, people are not aware of the consequences of the suicide stigma, which may affect individuals. This study aimed to examine the status of suicide stigma and literacy among young adults in Bangladesh. Methods This cross-sectional study included 616 male subjects and female subjects residing in Bangladesh aged between 18 and 35 years who were invited to complete an online survey. Suicide literacy and suicide stigma among the respondents were assessed by using the validated Literacy of Suicide Scale and Stigma of Suicide Scale, respectively. Other independent variables that have been found to affect suicide stigma or literacy were included in this study based on prior research. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships between the study's main quantitative variables. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess factors affecting suicide stigma and suicide literacy, respectively, after controlling for covariates. Results The mean literacy score was 3.86. The participants' mean scores in the stigma, isolation, and glorification subscale were 25.15, 14.48, and 9.04, respectively. Suicide literacy was negatively associated with stigmatizing attitudes (p = 0.005). Male subjects, unmarried/divorced/widowed, less educated (below HSC), smokers, less exposure to suicide, and respondents with chronic mental illness had lower suicide literacy and more stigmatizing attitudes. Conclusion The findings suggest that addressing suicide literacy and stigma by developing and executing awareness programs on suicide and mental health among young adults may increase knowledge, decrease stigma, and hence prevent suicide among this population.
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Gamieldien F, Galvaan R, Myers B, Sorsdahl K. Mental Health Service Users and Their Caregivers Perspectives on Personal Recovery from Severe Mental Health Conditions in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 11:201-219. [PMID: 38887754 PMCID: PMC11180021 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-023-00341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Severe mental health conditions (SMHCs) significantly contribute to the global disease burden. In low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) like South Africa, the long-term impact of SMHCs on individuals and their families is serious. However, mental health services focus on clinical recovery, with little attention given to the personal recovery needs of mental health service users (MHSUs) and their caregivers. The CHIME framework outlines five domains characterising personal recovery: connectedness, hope and optimism about the future, identity, meaning in life, and empowerment. This qualitative, descriptive study sought insights from male MHSUs and their caregivers on their perspectives of personal recovery from SMHCs. Four male MHSUs and three of their caregivers were purposively selected from Cape Flats communities in the Western Cape. Data were collected using visual participatory methods, including photovoice, life graphs, community maps, and photo-elicitation interviews with MHSUs. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with caregivers. Data were thematically analysed, and two main themes emerged: Finding meaningful participation and affirming agency. These themes describe how diverse contextual, socioeconomic, political, demographic, cultural, and spiritual factors help and hinder personal recovery. MHSUs and their caregivers sought support from mental health non-profit organisations (MH-NPOs) because of stigmatising attitudes from their communities. MH-NPOs provided MHSUs with long-term relational support and opportunities to build their capacities which helped them access living, learning, working and socialising opportunities. Understanding the diverse needs of MHSUs and including MH-NPOs in scaling up community-based mental health services in LMICs will enable more accessible services that support personal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Gamieldien
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, 46 Sawkins Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700 South Africa
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Inclusive Practices Africa Research Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roshan Galvaan
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Inclusive Practices Africa Research Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bronwyn Myers
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katherine Sorsdahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Alan J. Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, 46 Sawkins Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700 South Africa
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Ryan CM, Innes CS, Kannis-Dymand L, Mason J, Lovell GP. An efficacy trial of a brief group based, single session intervention delivered through Australian community sport clubs to reduce mental illness stigma and increase help-seeking intention. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/21507686.2023.2193751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Campbell S Innes
- School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lee Kannis-Dymand
- School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathon Mason
- School of Psychology, Counselling and Psychotherapy, Cairnmillar Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoff P Lovell
- School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
- Kaplan Open Learning, Leeds, UK
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Qian Y, Fan W. Student loans, mental health, and substance use: A gender comparison among US young adults. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:930-941. [PMID: 33891530 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1909046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Student loan debt has become a growing crisis. Considering that women are more likely than men to take on student loans and more likely to take on larger amounts, we examine whether the effects of student loans on young adults' mental health and substance use differ by gender. Participants: We used the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) data collected from 1997 to 2015. The NLSY97 consists of a nationally representative sample of American youths born between 1980 and 1984. Participants included 2,607 men and 3,004 women who reported college enrollment. Methods: We analyzed data using hybrid regression models. Results: Student loans have more negative effects on young men than young women, in terms of mental health problems, smoking, and heavy drinking. Particularly, young men tend to increase substance use in response to cumulative loan amounts. Conclusions: Borrowing patterns and the health consequences of student loans are gendered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qian
- Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Wen Fan
- Department of Sociology, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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42
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Kwon M, Lawn S, Kaine C. Understanding Men's Engagement and Disengagement When Seeking Support for Mental Health. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231157971. [PMID: 36880329 PMCID: PMC9996733 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231157971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Men are less likely to utilize health care services compared with women. When it comes to mental health, men have been reported to hold more reluctant attitudes toward engaging with mental health services. Current studies have predominantly been quantitative and focused on understanding effective strategies to promote men's engagement and why men may avoid help-seeking or may not seek help early; few studies exist of men's disengagement from services. Much of this research has been undertaken from the services' perspective. The study reported here attempts to gain better insight into the reasons men give for their disengagement from mental health services and what men say will reengage them back into the system. This research was a secondary analysis of data collected by a national survey conducted by Lived Experience Australia (LEA). Responses of 73 male consumers were gathered and analyzed. Analysis of the responses was split into two themes with associated subthemes: (1) Why men disengage: (1.1) Autonomy; (1.2) Professionalism; (1.3) Authenticity; and (1.4) Systemic Barriers; and (2) What will help men reengage: (2.1) Clinician-driven reconciliation, (2.2) Community and Peer Workers; and (2.3) Ease of reentry. Findings highlight strategies to prevent disengagement such as creating open and honest therapeutic environments and improving men's mental health literacy while providing care. Evidence-based approaches to reengage male consumers are suggested along with an emphasis on men's strong preferences for community-based mental health services and peer workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kwon
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Lawn
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.,Lived Experience Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christine Kaine
- Lived Experience Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Fleury MJ, Cao Z, Grenier G, Huỳnh C. Predictors of Death From Physical Illness or Accidental/Intentional Causes Among Patients With Substance-Related Disorders. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 68:163-177. [PMID: 36317322 PMCID: PMC9974654 DOI: 10.1177/07067437221136461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study identified patient clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, and, more originally, service use patterns as predictors of death from physical illness or accidental/intentional causes. METHODS A cohort of 19,015 patients with substance-related disorders (SRD) from 14 addiction treatment centers was investigated using Quebec (Canada) health administrative databases. Death was studied over a 3-year period (April 1, 2013, to March 31, 2016), and most predictors from 4 years to 12 months prior to the time of death, using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Frequent emergency department (ED) use strongly predicted both causes of death, suggesting that outpatient care responded inadequately to patient needs. Only receipt of specialized SRD and psychiatric care significantly decreased the risk of death from physical illness, with trends toward significance for accidental/intentional death. Hospitalization, greater material deprivation and having SRD-chronic physical illnesses or alcohol-related disorders most strongly predicted risk of death from physical illness. Sociodemographic characteristics, mainly social deprivation, were more likely to predict accidental/intentional death. CONCLUSIONS Outpatient services could be improved by increasing outreach and motivational interventions and, for ED and hospital units, better screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment, particularly for men and socially deprived patients at high risk of accidental/intentional death. Patients with more severe health conditions, notably older or materially deprived men at higher risk of death from physical illness, could benefit from programs like assertive community treatment or intensive case management that respond well to diverse and continuous patient needs. Collaborative care between SRD and health services could also be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christophe Huỳnh
- Institut Universitaire sur les Dépendances, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Bäckström B, Rask O, Knutsson J. Adolescent and Family-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric Bipolar Disorders: An Open Trial and Individual Trajectories Study in Routine Psychiatric Care. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01504-1. [PMID: 36849847 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial treatments improve outcome in Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD), but few are developed specifically for adolescents and none has been evaluated in Europe. This study evaluates family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents (ages 13-18) with PBD in routine psychiatric care in Sweden, adapted for teenagers in a European setting from the Child and Family-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PBD (ages 8-12) developed in the US. In a repeated-measure open trial, psychosocial functioning, depression, skills and knowledge about PBD, and family climate were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and after 6 months. Assessments were made by adolescents (n = 45), parents (n = 61) and clinicians. Both group statistics and individual trajectories are reported. Psychosocial function, as rated by parents and clinicians, improved at post-treatment, and parents reported less mania and improved family climate at post-treatment. Both parents and adolescents reported improved skills and knowledge. Most results after treatment showed medium effect sizes. Significant improvements were seen in most individual trajectories, however no change and even deterioration was observed in some. The present trial shows that AFF-CBT is well accepted and associated with improved psychosocial function in adolescents and improved skills and knowledge about PBD in adolescents and their parents. Regarding mood symptoms and family climate the results showed more individual variability, indicating that adjustments in delivery of the treatment according to the unique patient could be of importance. AFF-CBT seems to be a valuable addition to pharmacological treatments in PBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Bäckström
- Department of Psychosis and Bipolar Disorders, Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Lovisastigen 13, 22185, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Olof Rask
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens Knutsson
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Tully S, Bucci S, Alkotob Y, Penn G, Berry K. Sex differences in functional outcome after hospitalisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115095. [PMID: 36889159 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this review were to determine: i) how many studies have examined global functioning outcomes from a psychiatric inpatient stay disaggregated by sex; and ii) if women have worse global functioning outcomes than men following an admission. A systematic review following PRISMA guidance and meta-analysis were conducted. Thirty-six studies met eligibility criteria for inclusion in the review. Of these, eleven papers provided sufficient data to conduct a meta-analysis of global functioning outcomes comparing men and women. Overall, differences between men and women were small. The meta-analysis revealed either no difference or a small significant difference in global functioning outcomes in favour of women, contrary to expectations. As many as 93% of otherwise eligible studies had to be excluded for not disaggregating data by sex. Women may have slightly superior functioning outcomes than men suggesting that inpatient services should be more heavily focused on applying principles of gender-informed care for men as well as women. The finding that so many potential studies had to be excluded for not reporting sex differences is consistent with other mental health literature and highlights a need for better reporting practices in relation to sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tully
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - S Bucci
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Y Alkotob
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G Penn
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K Berry
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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46
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Gilgoff JN, Wagner F, Frey JJ, Osteen PJ. Help-seeking and Man Therapy: The impact of an online suicide intervention. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:154-162. [PMID: 36412229 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide is a leading cause of death for men in the United States. Men traditionally have been hesitant to seek help, based on masculine norms of stoicism and self-reliance, among other factors. Man Therapy (MT) is an online suicide prevention and mental health initiative that provides promise for facilitating male help-seeking. METHODS This study draws on data from a randomized controlled trial which examined effects of MT on a sample of men residing in Michigan aged 25-64. The current study utilized logistic regression to test MT's effect on nonprofessional and professional help-seeking, controlling for marital status, education, and sexual orientation. RESULTS A statistically significant positive association was found between MT and professional help-seeking (OR = 1.55, p = 0.049). A significant inverse association was also found with marital status, with partnered men less likely to seek professional help (OR = 0.53, p = 0.007). There was no significant association between MT and nonprofessional help-seeking. CONCLUSION Man Therapy demonstrates the promise of web-based suicide prevention efforts to reach men who typically do not engage in help-seeking, providing a gateway to vital professional support. As technology continues to emerge, further suicide research is needed on use of this modality with working-age men from diverse backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon N Gilgoff
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fernando Wagner
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jodi J Frey
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip J Osteen
- College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Wintermann GB, Weidner K, Strauss B, Rosendahl J. Rates and predictors of mental health care utilisation in patients following a prolonged stay on intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063468. [PMID: 36693695 PMCID: PMC9884925 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An acute critical illness and secondary complications may necessitate a prolonged treatment on an intensive care unit (ICU). As long-term consequences, ICU survivors may suffer from both physical and psychological sequelae. To improve the aftercare of these patients, the present study aimed to assess the use of mental healthcare and associated factors following prolonged ICU stay. METHODS N=197 patients with a primary diagnosis of critical illness polyneuropathy/myopathy were enrolled within 4 weeks (T1) and interviewed three (T2) and six (T3) months following the transfer from acute-care to postacute ICU. Symptoms and a current diagnosis of major depression/post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The potential need for mental healthcare, its current and past use and reasons for non-use were raised. RESULTS Full syndromal and subsyndromal major depression/PTSD were diagnosed in 8.3%/15.6% at T2, 12.2%/23.5% at T3. About 29% of the patients reported mental healthcare utilisation. Considering somatic complaints, more important was a common reason for the non-use of mental healthcare. Female gender, previous mental healthcare, number of sepsis episodes and pension receipt increased the chance for mental healthcare utilisation, a pre-existing mental disorder decreased it. CONCLUSION Every fourth patient surviving prolonged ICU treatement makes use of mental healthcare . Particularly male patients with pre-existing mental disorders should be targeted preventively, receiving specific psychoeducation about psychological long-term sequelae and mental healthcare options post-ICU.Trial registration numberDRKS00003386.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria-Beatrice Wintermann
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Strauss
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jenny Rosendahl
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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McGrath A, Murphy N, Richardson N. ‘Sheds for Life’: delivering a gender-transformative approach to health promotion in Men’s Sheds. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6775362. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Research has highlighted the importance of gendered approaches to engage men with health. Sheds for Life (SFL) is a health and wellbeing initiative that utilizes evidence-based and gender-specific approaches to engage hard to reach men with health promotion directly in the Men’s Sheds (Sheds) setting. To understand the impact of SFL and how participants (Shedders) experienced SFL in practice, this qualitative study applied a framework of constructivism and aimed to explore how gendered approaches impacted engagement with SFL through Shedder’s own accounts of their attitudes, opinions and experiences. Qualitative methods incorporating ethnographical observations, focus groups (n = 8) and short semi-structured interviews (n = 19) were conducted with SFL participants in the Shed setting. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data to faithfully capture Shedders’ experiences while acknowledging the reflexive influence of the researcher. Findings led to three key themes: Creating the ‘right environment’; Normalizing meaningful conversations; a legacy for ‘talking health’ with subthemes of creating safety and trust and strengthening of bonds; and transforming perceptions of how men ‘do health’ with subthemes of reaping the benefits of engaging with health and reframing attitudes towards health. This is first study to capture Shedders’ experiences of a structured health promotion initiative in the Shed setting. Findings highlight the value in utilizing the Shed setting to engage men with health and the importance of gender-specific strategies which encourage a gender-transformative approach to men’s health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling McGrath
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, School of Health Sciences, South East Technological University , Waterford , Ireland
| | - Niamh Murphy
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, School of Health Sciences, South East Technological University , Waterford , Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- National Centre for Men’s Health, South East Technological University , Carlow , Ireland
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Cohen KA, Shroff A, Nook EC, Schleider JL. Linguistic distancing predicts response to a digital single-session intervention for adolescent depression. Behav Res Ther 2022; 159:104220. [PMID: 36323056 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Examining the linguistic characteristics of youths' writing may be a promising method for detecting youth who are struggling. In this study, we examined linguistic patterns of adolescent responses to writing prompts in a large, well-powered trial of an evidence-based, digital single-session intervention teaching malleability beliefs about personal traits and symptoms ("growth mindset"). Participants who completed the intervention as part of a larger randomized control trial were included in this preregistered study (n = 638, https://osf.io/zqmxt). Participants' responses were processed using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. We tested correlations between linguistic variables (i.e., linguistic distancing, positive affect, negative affect, insight, certainty), baseline outcome variables, post-intervention outcome variables, and 3-month post-intervention outcome variables. We also used Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression models to identify key predictors of treatment outcomes. As hypothesized, greater use of linguistic distancing was associated with lower levels of baseline hopelessness and higher levels of perceived agency. Additionally, per LASSO models including all linguistic variables, greater use of linguistic distancing predicted larger reductions in depressive symptoms from baseline to three-month follow-up. Linguistic distancing appeared to account for 27% of the variance in depression trajectories when also accounting for baseline depression. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NO: NCT04634903.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akash Shroff
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, United States
| | - Erik C Nook
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, United States
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50
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Ringrose T, Wang RC. The digital future of men's health. TRENDS IN UROLOGY & MEN'S HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/tre.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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