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Zhong Q, Lai S, He J, Zhong S, Song X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Yan S, Jia Y. Gender-related alterations of serum trace elements and neurometabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex of patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:176-187. [PMID: 38723680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely known that sex differences have a significant impact on patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aims to evaluate the sex-related connection between serum trace elements and changes in neurometabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of MDD patients. METHODS 109 untreated MDD patients and 59 healthy controls underwent proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) under resting conditions. We measured metabolic ratios in the ACC from both sides. Additionally, venous blood samples were taken from all participants to detect calcium (Ca), phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), ceruloplasmin (CER), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) levels. We performed association and interaction analyses to explore the connections between the disease and gender. RESULTS In individuals with MDD, the Cu/Zn ratio increased, while the levels of Mg, CER, Zn and Fe decreased. Male MDD patients had lower Cu levels, while female patients had an increased Cu/Zn ratio. We observed significant gender differences in Cu, CER and the Cu/Zn ratio in MDD. Male patients showed a reduced N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/phosphocreatine + creatine (PCr + Cr) ratio in the left ACC. The NAA/PCr + Cr ratio decreased in the right ACC in patients with MDD. In the left ACC of male MDD patients, the Cu/Zn ratio was inversely related to the NAA/PCr + Cr ratio, and Fe levels were negatively associated with the GPC + PC/PCr + Cr ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight gender-specific changes in Cu homeostasis among male MDD patients. The Cu/Zn ratio and Fe levels in male MDD patients were significantly linked to neurometabolic alterations in the ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiali He
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Xiaodong Song
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guanmao Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuya Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Bridge S, Karagiannis SN, Borsini A. The complex role of the chemokine CX3CL1/Fractalkine in major depressive disorder: A narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100778. [PMID: 38706575 PMCID: PMC11070239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that neuroinflammation exhibits a dual role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD), both potentiating the onset of depressive symptoms and developing as a consequence of them. Our narrative review focuses on the role of the chemokine fractalkine (FKN) (also known as CX3CL1), which has gained increasing interest for its ability to induce changes to microglial phenotypes through interaction with its corresponding receptor (CX3CR1) that may impact neurophysiological processes relevant to MDD. Despite this, there is a lack of a clear understanding of the role of FKN in MDD. Overall, our review of the literature shows the involvement of FKN in MDD, both in preclinical models of depression, and in clinical studies of depressed patients. Preclinical studies (N = 8) seem to point towards two alternative hypotheses for FKN's role in MDD: a) FKN may drive pro-inflammatory changes to microglia that contribute towards MDD pathogenesis; or b) FKN may inhibit pro-inflammatory changes to microglia, thereby exerting a protective effect against MDD pathogenesis. Evidence for a) primarily derives from preclinical chronic stress models of depression in mice, whereas for b) from preclinical inflammation models of depression. Whereas, in humans, clinical studies (N = 4) consistently showed a positive association between FKN and presence of MDD, however it is not clear whether FKN is driving or moderating MDD pathogenesis. Future studies should aim for larger and more controlled clinical cohorts, in order to advance our understanding of FKN role both in the context of stress and/or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bridge
- Guy's King's and St Thomas' School of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
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3
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Tassone VK, Wu M, Meshkat S, Duffy SF, Baig S, Jung H, Lou W, Bhat V. The association between depressive symptoms and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: Is body mass index a moderator? Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100773. [PMID: 38698915 PMCID: PMC11063595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression and obesity are highly comorbid conditions with shared biological mechanisms. It remains unclear how depressive symptoms and body mass index (BMI) interact in relation to inflammation. This cross-sectional study investigated the independent associations of depressive symptoms and BMI with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), as well as the moderating role of BMI on the depressive symptoms-hs-CRP association. Methods Participants (n = 8827) from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were aged ≥20 with a BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2, completed the Depression Screener, and had hs-CRP data. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze hs-CRP in relation to depressive symptoms and BMI. An interaction term was included to examine whether the depressive symptoms-hs-CRP relationship differs depending on BMI. Results There was a slight, albeit non-significant, increase in hs-CRP levels with each one-point increase in depressive symptoms (aCoef.Estm. = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.05, 0.06, p = 0.754). Participants with overweight (aCoef.Estm. = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.61, 1.53, p < 0.001) or obese (aCoef.Estm. = 3.51, 95% CI = 3.04, 3.98, p < 0.001) BMIs had higher mean hs-CRP levels than those with a healthy BMI. There were no significant interactions between depressive symptoms and overweight (aCoef.Estm. = 0.04, 95% CI = -0.04, 0.13, p = 0.278) or obese (aCoef.Estm. = 0.11, 95% CI = -0.01, 0.22, p = 0.066) BMI indicating a lack of difference in the depressive symptoms-hs-CRP association across participants in the healthy versus overweight and obese ranges. Conclusions This study suggests that BMI might not act as a moderator in the association between depressive symptoms and hs-CRP. Results should be replicated in larger samples. Further research is warranted to understand underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K. Tassone
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - Michelle Wu
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - Shakila Meshkat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - Sophie F. Duffy
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - Smia Baig
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Wendy Lou
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1M4, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Mental Health and Addictions Services, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
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4
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Pike MR, Lipner E, O'Brien KJ, Breen EC, Cohn BA, Cirillo PM, Krigbaum NY, Kring AM, Olino TM, Alloy LB, Ellman LM. Prenatal maternal Inflammation, childhood cognition and adolescent depressive symptoms. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:908-918. [PMID: 38761818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that higher prenatal maternal inflammation is associated with increased depression risk in adolescent and adult-aged offspring. Prenatal maternal inflammation (PNMI) may increase the likelihood for offspring to have lower cognitive performance, which, in turn, may heighten risk for depression onset. Therefore, this study explored the potential mediating role of childhood cognitive performance in the relationship between PNMI and adolescent depressive symptoms in offspring. METHODS Participants included 696 mother-offspring dyads from the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS) cohort. Biomarkers of maternal inflammation [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and soluble TNF receptor-II (sTNF-RII)] were assayed from first (T1) and second trimester (T2) sera. Childhood (ages 9-11) cognitive performance was assessed via standardized Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), a measure of receptive vocabulary correlated with general intelligence. Adolescent (ages 15-17) depressive symptoms were assessed via self-report. RESULTS There were no significant associations between T1 biomarkers and childhood PPVT or adolescent depressive symptoms. Higher T2 IL1-RA was directly associated with lower childhood PPVT (b = -0.21, SE = 0.08, t = -2.55, p = 0.01), but not with adolescent depressive symptoms. T2 IL-6 was not directly associated with childhood PPVT, but higher T2 IL-6 was directly associated at borderline significance with greater depressive symptoms in adolescence (b = 0.05, SE = 0.03, t = 1.96, p = 0.05). Lower childhood PPVT predicted significantly higher adolescent depressive symptoms (b = -0.07, SE = 0.02, t = -2.99, p < 0.01). There was a significant indirect effect of T2 IL-1RA on adolescent depressive symptoms via childhood PPVT (b = 0.03, 95 % CI = 0.002-0.03) indicating a partially mediated effect. No significant associations were found with T2 sTNF-RII nor IL-8. CONCLUSIONS Lower childhood cognitive performance, such as that indicated by a lower PPVT score, represents a potential mechanism through which prenatal maternal inflammation contributes to adolescent depression risk in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline R Pike
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Emily Lipner
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Kathleen J O'Brien
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Breen
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California-Los Angeles, 300 Medical Plaza, Suite 3306, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7076, USA
| | - Barbara A Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, 1683 Shattuck Ave., Suite B, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Piera M Cirillo
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, 1683 Shattuck Ave., Suite B, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Nickilou Y Krigbaum
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, 1683 Shattuck Ave., Suite B, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Ann M Kring
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Psychology, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Lauren B Alloy
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Lauren M Ellman
- Temple University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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5
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Grendas LN, Carrera Silva EA, Álvarez Casiani RI, Olaviaga A, Robetto J, Arena ÁR, Tifner V, Chiapella LC, Fisichella M, Penna MB, Hunter F, Prokopez CR, Errasti AE, Daray FM. Immunological alterations in patients with current and lifetime suicide ideation and attempts: Examining the relationship with depressive symptoms. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100777. [PMID: 38706576 PMCID: PMC11067476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Suicidal ideation and attempt (SI/SA) have been associated with dysregulation of the immune response and inflammation. However, few studies have explored how innate and acquired cellular immunity impact on the peripheral immune response. Our study addresses this gap by examining the composition of peripheral immune cells and humoral markers among individuals with current SI/SA, individuals with a history of SI/SA, and healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we aim to explore whether depressive symptoms settle the relationship between inflammation and SI/SA. Methods This is a multicenter case-control study that included 105 participants. Clinical and demographic characterists together with hemogram parameters, soluble pro and anti-inflamatory factors, and specific innate and adaptive immune cell populations were compared among patients with current SI/SA (n = 21), a history of lifetime SI/SA (n = 42), and HC (n = 42). Results Patients with both current and lifetime SI/SA had a significant increase in the absolute count of monocytes and in the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR). Additionally, patients with current and lifetime SI/SA showed a significant increase in high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (hs-CRP), and patients with lifetime SI/SA also showed higher levels of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). The cellular inflammatory status of patients with SI/SA was characterized by altered proportions of monocytes with higher levels of nonclassical and intermediate monocytes. No differences were observed in the number of lymphocytes and the proportion of CD4 and CD8 between patients and HC, but we found differences in markers of exhaustion of CD4 lymphocytes, with increased levels of Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) in Current SI/SA and Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) in Current SI/SA and Lifetime SI/SA compared to HC. The plasmainflammatory status was marked by higher levels of soluble Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in patients with lifetime SI/SA compared to HC. Finally, the multinomial analysis indicates that inflammation and depressive symptoms are independently associated with SI/SA. Conclusion This study highlights the association of immunological alterations with SI/SA. Furthremore, SI/SA is independently influenced by depressive symptoms and inflammation. This may have important therapeutic implications, as in these patients, it may be necessary to treat the inflammatory process beyond treating the depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Nicolás Grendas
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenio Antonio Carrera Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Isabel Álvarez Casiani
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Olaviaga
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Cosme Argerich”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Robetto
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángeles Romina Arena
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vera Tifner
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Carla Chiapella
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Marcelo Fisichella
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina Bianca Penna
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Hunter
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Romina Prokopez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Emilse Errasti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Federico Manuel Daray
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Funakoshi Y, Maruyama K, Kato T, Saito I, Takanashi N, Tanno K, Yamagishi K, Muraki I, Yasuda N, Arima K, Nakashima H, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Association of depressive symptoms with incident fractures: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT). Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:1261-1271. [PMID: 38733393 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This 5-year longitudinal study investigated the relationship between depressive symptoms and fracture risk in a large Japanese cohort. Depressive symptoms were a significant risk factor for hip fractures in women. PURPOSE A relationship between depressive symptoms and fractures has not been clearly demonstrated. We aimed to investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and 5-year fracture risk in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation. METHODS From 2011 to 2016, 114,092 participants were enrolled, and a follow-up survey was conducted 5 years later. We analyzed 30,552 men and 38,063 women aged 40-74 years who had no past fractures at baseline. Presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a modified 11-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score of 8 or higher, a history of depression, or use of antidepressants. Subjects were asked to report vertebral, upper limb, and/or hip fractures, except for traffic or work accidents, that occurred during the follow-up period. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for fracture were analyzed via logistic regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and fracture. RESULTS Women with depressive symptoms demonstrated a high AOR for hip fractures (AOR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.30 - 5.92); this result was consistent in post menopause women. In men, this association was not found for any age group or any type of fracture. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms in women may increase the risk of hip fractures. Further studies are required to explore this relationship in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Funakoshi
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-Machi, Yufu City, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Special Course of Food and Health Science, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama City, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Kato
- Center for Education and Educational Research, Faculty of Education, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyocho, Matsuyama City, Ehime, 790-0826, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-Machi, Yufu City, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Takanashi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-Gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-Gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0817, Japan
- Ibaraki Western Medical Center, 555 Otsuka, Chikusei, Ibaraki, 308-0813, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Yasuda
- Department of Public Health, Kochi University Medical School, Kohasu, Nankoku-Shi, Kochi, Okoh-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakashima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saitoasagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, 107-8402, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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Liang G, Lee YZ, Kow ASF, Lee QL, Cheng Lim LW, Yusof R, Tham CL, Ho YC, Lee MT. Neuroprotective effects of Gypenosides: A review on preclinical studies in neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176766. [PMID: 38908668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a perennial creeping herb belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family that has a long history of usage in traditional oriental medicine. Gypenosides are the primary bioactive compounds in Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Because of the medicinal value of gypenosides, functional food and supplements containing gypenosides have been promoted and consumed with popularity, especially among Asian communities. This review presented the progress made in the research of pharmacological properties of gypenosides on diseases of the nervous system and their possible mechanism of action. To date, preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of gypenosides in alleviating neuropsychiatric disorders like depression, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, secondary dementia, stroke, optic neuritis, etc. Pharmacological studies have discovered that gypenosides can modulate various major signaling pathways like NF-κB, Nrf2, AKT, ERK1/2, contributing to the neuroprotective properties. However, there is a dearth of clinical research on gypenosides, with current investigations on the compounds being mainly conducted in vitro and on animals. Future studies focusing on isolating and purifying novel gypenosides and investigations on exploring the potential molecular mechanism underlying their biological activities are warranted, which may serve as a foundation for further clinical trials for the betterment of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengfan Liang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Yu Zhao Lee
- Office of Postgraduate Studies, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | | | - Qi Long Lee
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Luis Wei Cheng Lim
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang , 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicine and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang , 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yu-Cheng Ho
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Ming Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Centre of Research for Mental Health and Well-being, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
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8
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Lee HS, Lee YJ, Cho JH, Park DS. Analysis of patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) based depression prevalence according to a discordance between quantitative urinary cotinine levels and self-report of second-hand smoke exposure among adults: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32125. [PMID: 38882351 PMCID: PMC11176832 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure appears to be more common among individuals with depression. However, self-report of SHS exposure is an inaccurate classification compared to confirming SHS exposure using urinary cotinine (UC). Additionally, the dose-response relationship between depression and UC is controversial. Methods The severe stress rate and depression prevalence was estimated among 14530 Korean participants aged ≥19 years using data patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and on UC from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Measured UCs were divided into four categories: UC- (≤0.3 μg/L), UC± (0.4 μg/L-0.9 μg/L), UC+ (1.0 μg/L-11.9 μg/L), and UC++ (≥12.0 μg/L). Results About 55.0 % participants were female and participants' mean age was 51.1 years. Non-smokers were 80.3 %. Among non-smokers, non-SHS exposure participants (SR-) and SHS exposure participants (SR+) were 83.0 % and 17.0 %, respectively. When UC- was used as the reference subgroup, the UC++ subgroup showed a higher depression prevalence, whereas the UC ± subgroup showed a lower prevalence. In the same UC categories, the depression prevalence and severe stress rate were higher among females than among males. Furthermore, the SR + subgroup had a higher severe stress rate than the SR- subgroup. Conclusions Our study showed a paradoxical reduction in the depression prevalence and severe stress rate in the UC ± subgroup compared to the UC- subgroup. Additionally, the dose-response relationship between the SHS exposure biomarker and the depression prevalence was not linear. Our study indicates that an emotional stress-based model may be more appropriate for explaining the relationship between depression and SHS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Seung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- Wonkwang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Do-Sim Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- Wonkwang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, South Korea
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9
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Martemucci G, Khalil M, Di Luca A, Abdallah H, D’Alessandro AG. Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:327. [PMID: 38921462 PMCID: PMC11206163 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between metabolic syndrome and diabesity, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against metabolic syndrome involving integrative approaches to improve lifestyle and daily diet. The beneficial effects of foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, intestinal microbiota control, and physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined a large body of published articles involving basic, animal, and human studie, as well as recent guidelines. As a result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, along with physical exercise, are promising complementary therapies to delay or prevent the onset of metabolic syndrome and counteract diabesity and cardiovascular diseases, as well as to protect against neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive decline. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota reduces the risks associated with MS, improves diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, the estimation of dietary polyphenol intake is inconclusive and requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and reduced calorie intake can improve metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
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10
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Liu Y, Li C, Ren H, Han K, Wang X, Zang S, Zhao G. The relationship of peripheral blood cell inflammatory biomarkers and psychological stress in unmedicated major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 176:155-162. [PMID: 38865865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has explored the linkage between major depressive disorder (MDD) and inflammation, especially via altered peripheral blood immune markers. However, the relationship between several novel leukocyte-derived ratios (LDR) and psychological stress in MDD remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the relationship between LDR, clinical characteristics, recent life events, and childhood maltreatment in MDD patients. METHODS A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted involving 59 healthy controls (HC) and 50 unmedicated MDD patients. Subjects underwent psychological assessments and peripheral blood measurements. LDR assessed in this study included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), white blood cell-to-mean platelet volume ratio (WMR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), multiplication of neutrophil and monocyte counts (MNM), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). RESULTS MDD patients displayed significant alterations in WMR, PLR, and MNM compared to HC, as well as correlations between several LDR and various clinical features (duration of untreated psychosis and dNLR, the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire and PLR, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire and SIRI (NLR and dNLR). There was a significant difference in the comparison of WMR in first-episode patients than in recurrent patients. Analyses further revealed an association between Life Event Scale total scores and NLR (dNLR). No correlation was found between Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total (or subscale) scores and LDR. Additionally, WMR and dNLR presented potential predictive value for distinguishing between MDD and HC. CONCLUSION The study concludes that MDD and some clinical features are associated with alterations in some peripheral blood LDR. These findings emphasize the potential role of peripheral blood LDR in the pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuqi Zang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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11
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Boles J, Uriarte Huarte O, Tansey MG. Peripheral endotoxin exposure in mice activates crosstalk between phagocytes in the brain and periphery. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4478250. [PMID: 38883776 PMCID: PMC11177977 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4478250/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a central process of many neurological diseases, and a growing number of studies suggest that non-brain-resident immune cells may contribute to this neuroinflammation. However, the unique contributions of specific immune cell subsets to neuroinflammation are presently unknown, and it is unclear how communication between brain-resident and non-resident immune cells underlies peripheral immune cell involvement in neuroinflammation. Methods In this study, we employed the well-established model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and captured brain-resident and non-resident immune cells from the brain and its vasculature by magnetically enriching cell suspensions from the non-perfused brain for CD45 + cells. Then, we identified immune subtype-specific neuroinflammatory processes using single-cell genomics and predicted the crosstalk between immune cell subtypes by analyzing the simultaneous expression of ligands and receptors. Results We observed a greater abundance of peripheral phagocytes associated with the brain in this model of neuroinflammation, and report that these professional phagocytes activated similar transcriptional profiles to microglia during LPS-induced neuroinflammation. And, we observed that the probable crosstalk between microglia and peripheral phagocytes was activated in this model while homotypic microglial communication was likely to be decreased. Conclusions Our novel findings reveal that microglia signaling to non-brain-resident peripheral phagocytes is preferentially triggered by peripheral inflammation, which is associated with brain infiltration of peripheral cells. Overall, our study supports the involvement of peripheral immune cells in neuroinflammation and suggests several possible molecular signaling pathways between microglia and peripheral cells that may facilitate central-peripheral crosstalk during inflammation. Examining these molecular mediators in human disease and other rodent models may reveal novel targets that modify brain health, especially in comorbidities characterized by peripheral inflammation.
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Syed SU, Cortez JI, Wilson SJ. Depression, Inflammation, and the Moderating Role of Metformin: Results From the Midlife in the United States Study and Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:473-483. [PMID: 37910133 PMCID: PMC11039570 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression can promote inflammation and accelerate aging. Metformin, a widely prescribed antidiabetic, has shown promising preclinical evidence of aging-related health benefits, including decreased inflammation. The current study examined whether metformin usage buffers the association between depressive symptoms and inflammatory markers in two large samples of middle-aged and older, primarily White adults, and older Latino adults. METHODS Data from the Midlife in the United States Study ( N = 1255) and the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging ( N = 1786) included information on medication use, depressive symptoms, and inflammatory markers, namely, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α, and C-reactive protein (CRP). These data were merged into a harmonized sample, and the sample group variable was included in a three-way interaction for analysis. RESULTS Specifically, in the Midlife in the United States Study sample, metformin buffered the association between depressive symptoms and CRP ( b = -0.029, standard error [SE] = 0.013, p = .007) and IL-6 ( b = 0.21, SE = 0.010, p = .046), whereas no significant association was found with tumor necrosis factor α. Metformin nonusers displayed higher depressive symptoms associated with elevated CRP ( b = 0.01, SE = 0.003, p < .001) and IL-6 ( b = 0.011, SE = 0.003, p < .001), whereas this association was not present among metformin users ( p values > .068). Conversely, in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging sample, metformin use did not show a significant protective link. CONCLUSIONS Results from mostly White, highly educated adults supported a mitigating role of metformin in ties between depression, a well-known behavioral risk factor, and inflammation, a key source of biological aging. However, the benefits did not extend to a large sample of older Mexican Americans. The findings reveal a hidden potential benefit of this therapeutic agent and raise important questions around its health equity. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was preregistered on OSF ( https://osf.io/c92vw/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiyah U. Syed
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jared I. Cortez
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
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Dal N, Bilici S. An Overview of the Potential Role of Nutrition in Mental Disorders in the Light of Advances in Nutripsychiatry. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:69-81. [PMID: 38329691 PMCID: PMC11133159 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As research on the potential impact of nutrition on mental disorders, a significant component of global disability continues to grow the concepts of "nutritional psychiatry, psycho-dietetics/nutripsychiatry" have taken their place in the literature. This review is a comprehensive examination of the literature on the the potential mechanisms between common mental disorders and nutrition and evaluates the effectiveness of dietary interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal microbiota, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural plasticity are shown as potential mechanisms in the relationship between mental disorders and nutrition. As a matter of fact, neurotrophic factors, which make important contributions to repair mechanisms throughout life, and neuronal plasticity, which plays a role in mental disorders, are affected by nutritional factors. In metabolism, the antioxidant defense system works with nutritional cofactors and phytochemicals. A balanced, planned diet that provides these components is more likely to provide nutrients that increase resilience against the pathogenesis of mental disorders. Nutrition can be considered a risk factor for mental disorders. Therefore, developing public health strategies focused on improving diet may help reduce the global burden of mental disorders and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursel Dal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Slykerman R, Davies N, Fuad M, Dekker J. Milk Fat Globule Membranes for Mental Health across the Human Lifespan. Foods 2024; 13:1631. [PMID: 38890860 PMCID: PMC11171857 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) contains bioactive proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Polar lipids found in the MFGM play a critical role in maintaining cell membrane integrity and neuronal signalling capacity, thereby supporting brain health. This review summarises the literature on the MFGM and its phospholipid constituents for improvement of mental health across three key stages of the human lifespan, i.e., infancy, adulthood, and older age. MFGM supplementation may improve mental health by reducing neuroinflammation and supporting neurotransmitter synthesis through the gut-brain axis. Fortification of infant formula with MFGMs is designed to mimic the composition of breastmilk and optimise early gut and central nervous system development. Early behavioural and emotional development sets the stage for future mental health. In adults, promising results suggest that MFGMs can reduce the negative consequences of situational stress. Preclinical models of age-related cognitive decline suggest a role for the MFGM in supporting brain health in older age and reducing depressive symptoms. While there is preclinical and clinical evidence to support the use of MFGM supplementation for improved mental health, human studies with mental health as the primary target outcome are sparce. Further high-quality clinical trials examining the potential of the MFGM for psychological health improvement are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Slykerman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Naomi Davies
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Maher Fuad
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Limited, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand; (M.F.); (J.D.)
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Limited, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand; (M.F.); (J.D.)
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15
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Vijayasurya, Gupta S, Shah S, Pappachan A. Drug repurposing for parasitic protozoan diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 207:23-58. [PMID: 38942539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Protozoan parasites are major hazards to human health, society, and the economy, especially in equatorial regions of the globe. Parasitic diseases, including leishmaniasis, malaria, and others, contribute towards majority of morbidity and mortality. Around 1.1 million people die from these diseases annually. The lack of licensed vaccinations worsens the worldwide impact of these diseases, highlighting the importance of safe and effective medications for their prevention and treatment. However, the appearance of drug resistance in parasites continuously affects the availability of medications. The demand for novel drugs motivates global antiparasitic drug discovery research, necessitating the implementation of many innovative ways to maintain a continuous supply of promising molecules. Drug repurposing has come out as a compelling tool for drug development, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to standard de novo approaches. A thorough examination of drug repositioning candidates revealed that certain drugs may not benefit significantly from their original indications. Still, they may exhibit more pronounced effects in other disorders. Furthermore, certain medications can produce a synergistic effect, resulting in enhanced therapeutic effectiveness when given together. In this chapter, we outline the approaches employed in drug repurposing (sometimes referred to as drug repositioning), propose novel strategies to overcome these hurdles and fully exploit the promise of drug repurposing. We highlight a few major human protozoan diseases and a range of exemplary drugs repurposed for various protozoan infections, providing excellent outcomes for each disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayasurya
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Swadha Gupta
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Smit Shah
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anju Pappachan
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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Salehi M, Zamiri A, Kim J, Texeira C, Shah K, Gunturu S. Exploring the Psychiatric Manifestations of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Int J Rheumatol 2024; 2024:5520927. [PMID: 38774059 PMCID: PMC11108699 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5520927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is recognized for its autoimmune origin. Its hallmark symptoms, dry eyes and mouth, result from glandular inflammation. Prior literature indicates that pSS not only affects the peripheral system but also involves the central nervous system (CNS), giving rise to various neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, there is limited published research on the psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with pSS. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for this narrative review. The search spanned from inception until August 2023. Its aim was to locate studies focusing on the psychiatric manifestations of pSS and the potential underlying mechanisms. Results The most commonly reported psychiatric complications among these individuals are depression and cognitive dysfunction. Other psychiatric manifestations that have been reported in pSS individuals include anxiety, sleep disorders, psychosis, catatonia, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with pSS often display multiple psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms can significantly impair functioning and reduce quality of life. Hence, prompt diagnosis and management are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Azadeh Zamiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chenique Texeira
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ketki Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sasidhar Gunturu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Mao Y, Li X, Li Y, Zhu S, Han X, Zhao R, Geng Y. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with depression: A cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:10-18. [PMID: 38341158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists on the relationship between vitamin D status and mortality in depressed patients. METHODS This study investigates serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in 8417 adults with depression among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018). Mortality outcomes were assessed through National Death Index records up to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional risk models estimated risk ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. Restricted cubic spline analyses explored the nonlinear association of serum 25(OH)D levels with mortality, using the likelihood ratio test for nonlinearity. RESULTS The weighted mean serum 25(OH)D level was 66.40 nmol/L (95 % CI: 65.8, 67.0), with 36.3 % having deficient vitamin D (<50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL]). Over an average 7.16-year follow-up, 935 deaths were documented, including 296 CVD deaths and 191 cancer deaths. Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HRs 0.55-1.00, p trend = 0.006) and cancer-specific mortality (HRs 0.36-1.00, p trend = 0.015) after multivariate adjustment. The relationship between serum 25(OH)D and all-cause mortality exhibited a nonlinear pattern (P for nonlinearity <0.001), with a 34 % lower risk for each unit increase in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D levels. Significant interactions were observed with age, antidepressant use, and diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with decreased all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in depressed adults, particularly among younger individuals and those using antidepressants or without diabetes. Further research is essential to understand mechanisms and interventions related to vitamin D in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical & Health Group, Han Dan, Hebei, China
| | - Yulan Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Qin A, Wu Y, Xin T, Xu L, Fu J. Lifestyle factors and subjective well‑being among older adults in China: A national community-based cohort study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 57:232-242. [PMID: 38723544 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
There has been limited research on the relationship between health habits and subjective well-being (SWB) among Chinese oldest older adults. This study aims to explore lifestyle factors associated with SWB in this population. We analyzed data from three waves (2008-2014) of the CLHLS, including 28,683 older adults. Lifestyle factors analyzed included fruit and vegetable intake, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and social participation. Results suggested that high frequency of fruit and vegetable intake, current and past physical exercise, and high levels of social participation were associated with increased SWB. SWB was lower in older adults who never smoked compared to persistent smokers and in those who never drank alcohol or ceased drinking compared to persistent drinkers. We encourage older adults to enhance SWB through increased fruit and vegetable intake, physical exercise, and social participation. However, quitting smoking and drinking may not necessarily improve SWB, particularly in the context of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afei Qin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yupin Wu
- Nursing department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Blood Purification Center of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianjiao Xin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Nursing department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Blood Purification Center of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Kim JM, Kim JW, Kang HJ, Choi W, Lee JY, Kim SW, Shin IS, Ahn Y, Jeong MH. Identification of depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome using multiple serum biomarkers. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 88:1-9. [PMID: 38428184 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers for depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have not been identified. METHODS This study evaluated multiple serum biomarkers for depressive disorders after ACS. Thirteen serum biomarkers associated with seven functional systems, along with sociodemographic/clinical characteristics, were evaluated in 969 patients within 2 weeks after ACS onset (acute phase). In total, 711 patients were evaluated for depressive disorder using DSM-IV criteria 1 year later (chronic phase). Logistic regression was used for the analysis. RESULTS Depressive disorders were observed in 378 patients (39.0%) in the acute phase of ACS and 183 patients (25.7%) in the chronic phase. The weighted scores of five serum biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, homocysteine, troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB) were significantly associated with depressive disorder diagnosis in the acute phase, and the weighted scores of three other biomarkers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and homocysteine) were significantly associated with depressive disorders in the chronic phase, in a dose-dependent manner after adjusting for relevant covariates (all P-values <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The combination of several serum biomarkers exhibited robust associations with depressive disorders in both the acute and chronic phases of ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsuk Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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20
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de Miranda AS, de Brito Toscano EC, O'Connor JC, Teixeira AL. Targeting inflammasome complexes as a novel therapeutic strategy for mood disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:401-418. [PMID: 38871633 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2366872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammasome complexes, especially NLRP3, have gained great attention as a potential therapeutic target in mood disorders. NLRP3 triggers a caspase 1-dependent release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and seems to interact with purinergic and kynurenine pathways, all of which are implicated in mood disorders development and progression. AREAS COVERED Emerging evidence supports NLRP3 inflammasome as a promising pharmacological target for mood disorders. We discussed the available evidence from animal models and human studies and provided a reflection on drawbacks and perspectives for this novel target. EXPERT OPINION Several studies have supported the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in MDD. However, most of the evidence comes from animal models. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in BD as well as its anti-manic properties is not very clear and requires further exploration. There is evidence of anti-manic effects of P2×R7 antagonists associated with reduction in the brain levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in a murine model of mania. The involvement of other NLRP3 inflammasome expressing cells besides microglia, like astrocytes, and of other inflammasome complexes in mood disorders also deserves further investigation. Preclinical and clinical characterization of NLRP3 and other inflammasomes in mood disorders is needed before considering translational approaches, including clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silva de Miranda
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano
- Laboratory of Research in Pathology, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) Medical School, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Jason C O'Connor
- Department of Pharmacology, Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Lucio Teixeira
- The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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21
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Millar SR, Harrington JM, Perry IJ, Phillips CM. Lifestyle factors and BMI attenuate relationships between biomarkers of inflammation and depressive symptoms and well-being: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100759. [PMID: 38560580 PMCID: PMC10979065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mental disorders are a growing public health concern and evidence has linked chronic low-grade inflammation with depression and well-being. Research also suggests that certain modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diet quality and BMI are related to psychological health. These may modulate the relationship between low-grade inflammation and mental health conditions. In this study we examined inflammatory biomarker associations with two psychological health scores and investigated whether relationships are influenced by lifestyle factors and BMI. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 1824 middle-to older-aged men and women randomly selected from a large primary care centre. Depressive symptoms and well-being were assessed using the 20-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale and the World Health Organization-Five (WHO-5) Well-Being Index. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine depression and well-being score relationships with six inflammatory biomarkers, and a composite inflammatory biomarker score, adjusting for demographic characteristics, health conditions, lifestyle factors and BMI. Results Depression and well-being score associations with complement component 3 (CES-D only) c-reactive protein, interleukin 6, leptin, white blood cell counts, neutrophils and the inflammatory biomarker score were observed. These relationships survived adjustment for demographic variables and health conditions but were attenuated in models which included lifestyle factors and BMI. In final models, only leptin (β = 0.566, p = 0.018) and inflammatory score (β = 0.137, p = 0.004) associations with the CES-D score remained. Conclusions These findings suggest that the relationship between systemic low-grade inflammation and depressive symptoms and well-being may be largely explained by lifestyle factors and adiposity, highlighting the potential importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle in the treatment of depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán R. Millar
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ivan J. Perry
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine M. Phillips
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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22
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Mishra BH, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Saarinen A, Viikari J, Juonala M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Mishra PP. Identification of gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using whole blood transcriptome in the Young Finns Study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1345159. [PMID: 38726387 PMCID: PMC11079127 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1345159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that cardiovascular health (CVH) is related to depression. We aimed to identify gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using the whole blood transcriptome. Materials and methods We analyzed human blood transcriptomic data to identify gene co-expression networks, termed gene modules, shared by Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) scores and cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics as markers of depression and cardiovascular health, respectively. The BDI-II scores were derived from Beck's Depression Inventory, a 21-item self-report inventory that measures the characteristics and symptoms of depression. CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association criteria using seven indices: smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Joint association of the modules, identified with weighted co-expression analysis, as well as the member genes of the modules with the markers of depression and CVH were tested with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results We identified a gene module with 256 genes that were significantly correlated with both the BDI-II score and CVH metrics. Based on the MANOVA test results adjusted for age and sex, the module was associated with both depression and CVH markers. The three most significant member genes in the module were YOD1, RBX1, and LEPR. Genes in the module were enriched with biological pathways involved in brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. Conclusions The identified gene module and its members can provide new joint biomarkers for depression and CVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binisha H. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Molecular Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki. Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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23
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Yıldız NG, Aydin HZ, Sambo G, Aydın K, Yıldız H, Santri IN, Wardani Y, Mwamulima B, Isni K, Phiri YVA. The mediating role of depressive symptoms among Turkish population related to gender and low back pain: evidence from a national health survey. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1136. [PMID: 38654220 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP), though non-life-threatening, burdens healthcare with treatment expenses and work hours lost. Globally, 70-84% experience it, with risk factors tied to societal structure, income, and living conditions, making it a leading cause of disability. METHODS This study utilized data from the 2019 Türkiye Health Survey, which consisted of 17,084 individuals aged 15 and above. Our study focused on investigating the factors related to low back pain through a cross-sectional analysis. To analyze these factors, we employed binary multivariate logistic regression. Additionally, we conducted post-hoc analyses to assess the potential mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between low back pain and gender. RESULTS We found that 31.9% of the population experienced low back pain, with women being 58% more likely [aOR = 1.58; 95% CI (1.45-1.73)] than men to report symptoms. Individuals aged 55 + years old had a 90% [aOR = 1.90; 95% CI (1.61-2.23)] chance of experiencing low back pain, indicating an age-related increase. In the general population, having depressive symptoms was 2.49 [95% CI (2.23-2.78)] times more likely associated with low back pain. Our mediation analysis showed that gender (i.e., women vs. men), indicated by direct effects with β-estimates e = 0.78, predicted the likelihood of low back pain. Additionally, the relationship between gender and low back pain, mediated through a history of depressive symptoms, had a significant total indirect effect (i.e., β-estimate given as e = 0.49). Specifically, a history of depressive symptoms accounted for 17.86% [95% CI (9.67-20.10)] of the association between women having a higher likelihood of low back pain compared to men. CONCLUSION We observed that a higher likelihood of low back pain associated with gender and aging. Additionally, BMI served as a significant predictor, particularly in adults. Depression mediated the association between gender and low back pain. Acknowledging these associations may help identify and address contributing factors to LBP, potentially increasing awareness and alleviating the burden. Policymakers and healthcare professionals may consider these findings when developing prevention and treatment programs for low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadire Gülçin Yıldız
- Faculty of Education, Department of Guidance and Counseling, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halide Z Aydin
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Grace Sambo
- Chang Gung Medical Education Research Centre (CG-MERC), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kemal Aydın
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yıldız
- Health Sciences Institute, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Yuniar Wardani
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bwanalori Mwamulima
- Directorate of Health and Social Services, Rumphi District Council, Rumphi, Malawi
| | - Khoiriyah Isni
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yohane V A Phiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health (EEH), University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Charis Professional and Academic Research Consultants (CPARC), C/O, Mchinji, P.O. Box 132, Malawi.
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24
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Wang W, Pan D, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang S. L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1232. [PMID: 38674921 PMCID: PMC11055039 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE L-carnitine (LC), a vital nutritional supplement, plays a crucial role in myocardial health and exhibits significant cardioprotective effects. LC, being the principal constituent of clinical-grade supplements, finds extensive application in the recovery and treatment of diverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. However, controversies persist regarding the utilization of LC in nervous system diseases, with varying effects observed across numerous mental and neurological disorders. This article primarily aims to gather and analyze database information to comprehensively summarize the therapeutic potential of LC in patients suffering from nervous system diseases while providing valuable references for further research. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web Of Science, Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov databases. The literature pertaining to the impact of LC supplementation on neurological or psychiatric disorders in patients was reviewed up until November 2023. No language or temporal restrictions were imposed on the search. RESULTS A total of 1479 articles were retrieved, and after the removal of duplicates through both automated and manual exclusion processes, 962 articles remained. Subsequently, a meticulous re-screening led to the identification of 60 relevant articles. Among these, there were 12 publications focusing on hepatic encephalopathy (HE), while neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and peripheral nervous system diseases (PNSDs) were represented by 9 and 6 articles, respectively. Additionally, stroke was addressed in five publications, whereas Raynaud's syndrome (RS) and cognitive disorder (CD) each had three dedicated studies. Furthermore, migraine, depression, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) each accounted for two publications. Lastly, one article was found for other symptoms under investigation. CONCLUSION In summary, LC has demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects in the management of HE, Alzheimer's disease (AD), carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), CD, migraine, neurofibromatosis (NF), PNSDs, RS, and stroke. However, its efficacy appears to be relatively limited in conditions such as ALS, ataxia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), Down syndrome (DS), and sciatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
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25
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Liu A, Hong PY, Su B, Wu JH, Chen ZY. Assessing causality between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with depression: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:782-789. [PMID: 38341150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our investigation utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to explore the ambiguous bidirectional relationship between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and depression, furthering insights from existing observational studies. METHODS In this study, we conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets. We initially analyzed depression data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the UK Biobank (n = 500,199), alongside COPD data from the FinnGen Consortium (n = 329,552). The second phase involved comparing depression data from FinnGen (n = 372,472) with COPD data from the UK Biobank (n = 361,194). Our Mendelian analysis employs various methods to guarantee a comprehensive and rigorous investigation. RESULTS In the initial analytic phase utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, COPD does not significantly contribute to the incidence of depression (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 0.989, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.895 to 1.092, P = 0.824). Conversely, the data suggested a statistically significant association where depression may precipitate the development of COPD, with a notable increase in risk (IVW OR = 1.421, 95 % CI = 1.149 to 1.756, P = 0.001). Subsequent validation through a second-step analysis reinforced the hypothesis that depression elevates the likelihood of COPD onset (IVW OR = 1.002, 95 % CI = 1.0003 to 1.0046, P = 0.028). CONCLUSION Our study, utilizing Mendelian randomization analysis, determined that COPD does not escalate the risk of depression. Conversely, our analysis suggests that depression may elevate the risk of developing COPD. This insight underscores the importance of enhancing prevention, screening, and treatment strategies for COPD in individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, China
| | - Ping-Yang Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
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26
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Dang X, Yang R, Jing Q, Niu Y, Li H, Zhang J, Liu Y. Association between high or low-quality carbohydrate with depressive symptoms and socioeconomic-dietary factors model based on XGboost algorithm: From NHANES 2007-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:507-517. [PMID: 38307135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms are a serious public mental health problem, and dietary intake is often considered to be associated with depressive symptoms. However, the relationship between the quality of dietary carbohydrates and depressive symptoms remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between high and low-quality carbohydrates and depressive symptoms and to attempt to construct an integrated model using machine learning to predict depressive symptoms. METHODS A total of 4982 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study. Carbohydrate intake was assessed by a 24-h dietary review, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9). Variance inflation factor (VIF) and Relief-F algorithms were used for variable feature selection. RESULTS The results of multivariate linear regression showed a negative association between high-quality carbohydrates and depressive symptoms (β: -0.147, 95 % CI: -0.239, -0.056, p = 0.002) and a positive association between low-quality carbohydrates and depressive symptoms (β: 0.018, 95 % CI: 0.007, 0.280, p = 0.001). Subsequently, we used the XGboost model to produce a comprehensive depressive symptom evaluation model and developed a corresponding online tool (http://8.130.128.194:5000/) to evaluate depressive symptoms clinically. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study could not yield any conclusions regarding causality, and the model has not been validated with external data. CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrate quality is associated with depressive symptoms, and machine learning models that combine diet with socioeconomic factors can be a tool for predicting depression severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangji Dang
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cui Ying Men No.80, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Yang
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Qi Jing
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Yingdi Niu
- Science and Technology Museum, Gansu, Yin'an Road No.568, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Hongjie Li
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Lanzhou 730020, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang West Road No. 199, Gansu 730020, P.R. China.
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Cao Z, Min J, Xiang YT, Wang X, Xu C. Healthy lifestyle and the risk of depression recurrence requiring hospitalisation and mortality among adults with pre-existing depression: a prospective cohort study. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 27:e300915. [PMID: 38589227 PMCID: PMC11015220 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2023-300915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lifestyle-based treatment approaches are recommended as important aspects of depression care, the quantitative influence of aggregated healthy lifestyles on depression recurrence and mortality remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between healthy lifestyle and the risks of first-time hospitalisation for recurrent depression and mortality. METHODS 26 164 adults with depression (mean (SD) age, 56.0 (7.9) years) were included from UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010 and followed up until 2022. Depression was defined as a physician's diagnosis in hospital admissions or the use of prescribed antidepressant medication. A weighted healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was calculated based on smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, sleep pattern, physical activity, social health, employment status and greenspace interaction. FINDINGS Over a 13.3-year follow-up, 9740 cases of first-time hospitalisation due to depression recurrence and 1527 deaths were documented. Compared with the lowest HLS tertile, the highest tertile was associated with a 27% lower risk (HR=0.73, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.77) of first-time hospitalisation for depression recurrence and a 22% (HR=0.78, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.91) lower risk of mortality among adults with depression. Lower risks of first-time hospitalisation for depression recurrence were observed among those who smoked less, drank more alcohol, followed healthier diets and sleep patterns, spent more time employed in current job or had greater exposure to greenspace. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Greater adherence to healthy lifestyle was associated with a lower risk of hospitalisation and mortality among adults with pre-existing depression. Incorporating behaviour modification as an essential part of clinical practice for depressed patients could complement medication-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cao
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahao Min
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Xiaohe Wang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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28
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Eszlari N, Hullam G, Gal Z, Torok D, Nagy T, Millinghoffer A, Baksa D, Gonda X, Antal P, Bagdy G, Juhasz G. Olfactory genes affect major depression in highly educated, emotionally stable, lean women: a bridge between animal models and precision medicine. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:182. [PMID: 38589364 PMCID: PMC11002013 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Most current approaches to establish subgroups of depressed patients for precision medicine aim to rely on biomarkers that require highly specialized assessment. Our present aim was to stratify participants of the UK Biobank cohort based on three readily measurable common independent risk factors, and to investigate depression genomics in each group to discover common and separate biological etiology. Two-step cluster analysis was run separately in males (n = 149,879) and females (n = 174,572), with neuroticism (a tendency to experience negative emotions), body fat percentage, and years spent in education as input variables. Genome-wide association analyses were implemented within each of the resulting clusters, for the lifetime occurrence of either a depressive episode or recurrent depressive disorder as the outcome. Variant-based, gene-based, gene set-based, and tissue-specific gene expression test were applied. Phenotypically distinct clusters with high genetic intercorrelations in depression genomics were found. A two-cluster solution was the best model in each sex with some differences including the less important role of neuroticism in males. In females, in case of a protective pattern of low neuroticism, low body fat percentage, and high level of education, depression was associated with pathways related to olfactory function. While also in females but in a risk pattern of high neuroticism, high body fat percentage, and less years spent in education, depression showed association with complement system genes. Our results, on one hand, indicate that alteration of olfactory pathways, that can be paralleled to the well-known rodent depression models of olfactory bulbectomy, might be a novel target towards precision psychiatry in females with less other risk factors for depression. On the other hand, our results in multi-risk females may provide a special case of immunometabolic depression.
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Grants
- This study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office, with grants K 143391 and PD 146014, as well as 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005 under the frame of ERA PerMed (ERAPERMED2019-108); by the Hungarian Brain Research Program (grant: 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002) and the Hungarian Brain Research Program 3.0 (NAP2022-I-4/2022); and by TKP2021-EGA-25, implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the TKP2021-EGA funding scheme. N. E. was supported by the ÚNKP-22-4-II-SE-1, and D. B. by the ÚNKP-22-4-I-SE-10 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund. N. E. is supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
- This study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office, with grants K 143391, as well as 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005 under the frame of ERA PerMed (ERAPERMED2019-108); by the Hungarian Brain Research Program (grant: 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002) and the Hungarian Brain Research Program 3.0 (NAP2022-I-4/2022); and by TKP2021-EGA-25, implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the TKP2021-EGA funding scheme.
- This study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office, with grants K 143391, as well as 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005 under the frame of ERA PerMed (ERAPERMED2019-108); by the Hungarian Brain Research Program (grant: 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002) and the Hungarian Brain Research Program 3.0 (NAP2022-I-4/2022); and by TKP2021-EGA-25, implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the TKP2021-EGA funding scheme. N. E. was supported by the ÚNKP-22-4-II-SE-1, and D. B. by the ÚNKP-23-4-II-SE-2 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund.
- This study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office, with grants K 139330, K 143391, and PD 146014, as well as 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005 under the frame of ERA PerMed (ERAPERMED2019-108); by the Hungarian Brain Research Program (grant: 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002) and the Hungarian Brain Research Program 3.0 (NAP2022-I-4/2022); and by TKP2021-EGA-25, implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the TKP2021-EGA funding scheme. It was also supported by the National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary under Grant TKP2021-EGA-02 and the European Union project RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00004 within the framework of the Artificial Intelligence National Laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gabor Hullam
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Gal
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Torok
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Nagy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Millinghoffer
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Baksa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Personality and Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Pazmany Peter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Antal
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Sochacka K, Kotowska A, Lachowicz-Wiśniewska S. The Role of Gut Microbiota, Nutrition, and Physical Activity in Depression and Obesity-Interdependent Mechanisms/Co-Occurrence. Nutrients 2024; 16:1039. [PMID: 38613071 PMCID: PMC11013804 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and depression are interdependent pathological disorders with strong inflammatory effects commonly found worldwide. They determine the health status of the population and cause key problems in terms of morbidity and mortality. The role of gut microbiota and its composition in the treatment of obesity and psychological factors is increasingly emphasized. Published research suggests that prebiotic, probiotic, or symbiotic preparations can effectively intervene in obesity treatment and mood-dysregulation alleviation. Thus, this literature review aims to highlight the role of intestinal microbiota in treating depression and obesity. An additional purpose is to indicate probiotics, including psychobiotics and prebiotics, potentially beneficial in supporting the treatment of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Sochacka
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Agata Kotowska
- Department of Social Policy, Institute of Sociological Sciences, College of Social Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland;
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Boecking B, Klasing S, Brueggemann P, Rose M, Mazurek B. Lipid parameters and depression in patients with chronic tinnitus: A cross-sectional observation. J Psychosom Res 2024; 179:111613. [PMID: 38492273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathophysiological theories assume importance of metabolic abnormalities in patients with major depression - and possibly chronic tinnitus. Although chronic tinnitus frequently correlates with depression, links between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and depression are uninvestigated. METHODS Two-hundred patients with chronic tinnitus (Mage = 55; 51% female) were examined. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), HDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), non-HDL, as well as LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios were analysed. Questionnaires included depression subscales of the ICD-10 Symptom Rating, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS_D), and the Berlin Mood Questionnaire (BSF). Multivariate analyses of covariance and linear regression models - which controlled age, tinnitus-related distress and perceived stress - investigated between-subgroup differences (p < 0.05) and linear associations between HDL indices and depression (p < 0.01). RESULTS HDL levels did not differ for tinnitus-symptom durations, smoking and alcohol use levels, statin or antihypertensive drug use, and body-mass indices. Relative to non-to-mildly depressed patients with chronic tinnitus, patients with moderate-to-severe depression (n = 45; 23%) had significantly lower HDL levels (d = -0.35) and higher LDL/HDL (d = 0.39) and TC/HDL ratios (d = 0.40). Across participants, HDL-levels were negatively associated with depression as measured by the HADS_D and BSF_indifference scales. CONCLUSIONS In keeping with general depression research, low serum HDL levels correlate with depressive symptomatology in patients with chronic tinnitus. This association may be influenced by proximal (e.g. modulations of HPA-axis activity) or distal factors (e.g. maladaptive coping behaviours) - both of which should be conceptualized within psychological stimulus-processing frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sven Klasing
- Tinnitus Center, Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Rose
- Medical Department, Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Mazurek
- Tinnitus Center, Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
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Blackman A, Ukah UV, Platt RW, Meng X, Shapiro GD, Malhamé I, Ray JG, Lisonkova S, El-Chaâr D, Auger N, Dayan N. Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mental Health Hospitalizations or Emergency Department Visits. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e247983. [PMID: 38652472 PMCID: PMC11040413 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) can have long-term health consequences for the affected mother. The association between SMM and future maternal mental health conditions has not been well studied. Objective To assess the association between SMM in the first recorded birth and the risk of hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visits for a mental health condition over a 13-year period. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from postpartum individuals aged 18 to 55 years with a first hospital delivery between 2008 and 2021 in 11 provinces and territories in Canada, except Québec. Data were analyzed from January to June 2023. Exposure SMM, defined as a composite of conditions, such as septic shock, severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, severe hemorrhage with intervention, or other complications, occurring after 20 weeks' gestation and up to 42 days after a first delivery. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was a hospitalization or ED visit for a mental health condition, including mood and anxiety disorders, substance use, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorder, or suicidality or self-harm event, arising at least 43 days after the first birth hospitalization. Cox regression models generated hazard ratios with 95% CIs, adjusted for baseline maternal comorbidities, maternal age at delivery, income quintile, type of residence, hospital type, and delivery year. Results Of 2 026 594 individuals with a first hospital delivery, 1 579 392 individuals (mean [SD] age, 30.0 [5.4] years) had complete ED and hospital records and were included in analyses; among these, 35 825 individuals (2.3%) had SMM. Compared with individuals without SMM, those with SMM were older (mean [SD] age, 29.9 [5.4] years vs 30.7 [6.0] years), were more likely to deliver in a teaching tertiary care hospital (40.8% vs 51.1%), and to have preexisting conditions (eg, ≥2 conditions: 1.2% vs 5.3%), gestational diabetes (8.2% vs 11.7%), stillbirth (0.5% vs 1.6%), preterm birth (7.7% vs 25.0%), or cesarean delivery (31.0% vs 54.3%). After a median (IQR) duration of 2.6 (1.3-6.4) years, 1287 (96.1 per 10 000) individuals with SMM had a mental health hospitalization or ED visit, compared with 41 779 (73.2 per 10 000) individuals without SMM (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.19-1.34]). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of postpartum individuals with and without SMM in pregnancy and delivery, there was an increased risk of mental health hospitalizations or ED visits up to 13 years after a delivery complicated by SMM. Enhanced surveillance and provision of postpartum mental health resources may be especially important after SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Blackman
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ugochinyere V. Ukah
- Pregnancy and Child Research Center, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert W. Platt
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel D. Shapiro
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Malhamé
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel G. Ray
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarka Lisonkova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darine El-Chaâr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie Dayan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Ji Y, Wang J, Chen H, Li J, Chen M. Association between hs-CRP and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1339208. [PMID: 38596631 PMCID: PMC11002220 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1339208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a sensitive measure of low-grade inflammation and appears superior to conventional blood tests in assessing cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the link between high-sensitivity CRP and depressive symptoms among adults. Methods and results Multiple logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting were used to investigate the association between hs-CRP and depressive symptoms based on data from the, 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were used to assess the stability of this relationship across populations. The study comprised 6,293 non-clinical participants, which included 549 individuals with depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was found to increase with increasing levels of hs-CRP. This trend persisted even after quartetting hs-CRP levels. In the fully adjusted model, each unit increase in hs-CRP was associated with a 10% increase in the odds of depressive symptoms (OR=1.10,95%CI:1.01-1.21). Participants in the highest quartile of hs-CRP had a 39% higher prevalence of depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR=1.39,95%CI:1.01-1.92). Additionally, this positive correlation was more pronounced in men. Conclusions In adult Americans, there exists a positive association between elevated hs-CRP levels and depressive symptoms, with a more prominent manifestation of this association observed in males.
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Opio J, Wynne K, Attia J, Oldmeadow C, Hancock S, Kelly B, Inder K, McEvoy M. Metabolic Health, Overweight or Obesity, and Depressive Symptoms among Older Australian Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:928. [PMID: 38612960 PMCID: PMC11013641 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between overweight or obesity and depressive symptoms in individuals with or without cardio-metabolic abnormalities is unclear. In a cross-sectional study we examined the odds of experiencing depressive symptoms in overweight or obese older adults with or without metabolic abnormalities. METHODS The participants included 3318 older adults from the Hunter Community Study Cohort with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 kgm2, stratified by BMI and metabolic health risk. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kgm2 and metabolically healthy as the absence of metabolic risk factors, according to International Diabetic Federation criteria for metabolic syndromes. Moderate to severe depressive symptoms were defined as a Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score ≥ 16. RESULTS Compared to the metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) group, the odds of experiencing moderate/severe depressive symptoms were higher in those classified as a metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.76-2.06) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.00-2.19), but not in those classified as metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW) (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.63-1.45), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW) (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.51-1.26), and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.65-1.64). Compared with MHNW males, the odds of moderate/severe depressive symptoms were increased in all other BMI category-metabolic health groups for males and females. LIMITATIONS Our relatively small sample size and cross-sectional design did not allow us to robustly establish causality. CONCLUSION The odds of experiencing moderate/severe depressive symptoms were increased in metabolically unhealthy older adults regardless of normal weight or obesity, with the odds of having moderate/severe depressive symptoms being higher in females than in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Opio
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
| | - Katie Wynne
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
- Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Hospital, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
| | - John Attia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Stephen Hancock
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Brian Kelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Kerry Inder
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mark McEvoy
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.O.); (K.W.); (J.A.); (C.O.); (B.K.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.H.); (K.I.)
- La Trobe Rural Health School, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Edwards Road, Flora Hill, VIC 3552, Australia
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Chaves-Filho A, Eyres C, Blöbaum L, Landwehr A, Tremblay MÈ. The emerging neuroimmune hypothesis of bipolar disorder: An updated overview of neuroimmune and microglial findings. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38504593 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and multifactorial disease, with onset usually in young adulthood, which follows a progressive course throughout life. Replicated epidemiological studies have suggested inflammatory mechanisms and neuroimmune risk factors as primary contributors to the onset and development of BD. While not all patients display overt markers of inflammation, significant evidence suggests that aberrant immune signaling contributes to all stages of the disease and seems to be mood phase dependent, likely explaining the heterogeneity of findings observed in this population. As the brain's immune cells, microglia orchestrate the brain's immune response and play a critical role in maintaining the brain's health across the lifespan. Microglia are also highly sensitive to environmental changes and respond to physiological and pathological events by adapting their functions, structure, and molecular expression. Recently, it has been highlighted that instead of a single population of cells, microglia comprise a heterogeneous community with specialized states adjusted according to the local molecular cues and intercellular interactions. Early evidence has highlighted the contribution of microglia to BD neuropathology, notably for severe outcomes, such as suicidality. However, the roles and diversity of microglial states in this disease are still largely undermined. This review brings an updated overview of current literature on the contribution of neuroimmune risk factors for the onset and progression of BD, the most prominent neuroimmune abnormalities (including biomarker, neuroimaging, ex vivo studies) and the most recent findings of microglial involvement in BD neuropathology. Combining these different shreds of evidence, we aim to propose a unifying hypothesis for BD pathophysiology centered on neuroimmune abnormalities and microglia. Also, we highlight the urgent need to apply novel multi-system biology approaches to characterize the diversity of microglial states and functions involved in this enigmatic disorder, which can open bright perspectives for novel biomarkers and therapeutic discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Chaves-Filho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Capri Eyres
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leonie Blöbaum
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Antonia Landwehr
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Women Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Brain Health Cluster at the Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health (IALH), Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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Calcaterra V, Rossi V, Magenes VC, Baldassarre P, Grazi R, Loiodice M, Fabiano V, Zuccotti G. Dietary habits, depression and obesity: an intricate relationship to explore in pediatric preventive strategies. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1368283. [PMID: 38523835 PMCID: PMC10957686 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1368283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and depression represent major health problems due to their high prevalence and morbidity rates. Numerous evidences elucidated the connections between dietary habits and the incidence or severity of depression. This overview aims to investigate the intricate relationship between dietary patterns and depression with the objective of elaborating preventive strategies for childhood obesity. Literature data recognized that there is a link between mood and food choices, with certain foods selected for their impact on the brain's reward centers. This behavior parallels the one observed in substance addiction, suggesting a specific neural mechanism for food addiction that contributes to overeating and obesity. It is important to note the significant correlation between obesity and depression, indicating a shared biological pathway influencing these conditions. Stress substantially affects also eating behaviors, often leading to increased consumption of pleasurable and rewarding foods. This can trigger a cycle of overeating, weight gain, and psychological distress, exacerbating mood disorders and obesity. In addition, consumption of certain types of foods, especially "comfort foods" high in fat and calories, may provide temporary relief from symptoms of depression, but can lead to long-term obesity and further mental health problems. Understanding these complex interactions is critical to developing preventive strategies focusing on dietary, emotional, and environmental factors, thereby reducing the risk of obesity and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Baldassarre
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Loiodice
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Warren M, O'Connor C, Lee JE, Burton J, Walton D, Keathley J, Wammes M, Osuch E. Predispose, precipitate, perpetuate, and protect: how diet and the gut influence mental health in emerging adulthood. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1339269. [PMID: 38505265 PMCID: PMC10948435 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1339269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicine often employs the 4Ps of predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors to identify salient influences on illness states, and to help guide patient care. Mental illness is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mental health is a complex combination of biological, psychological, environmental, and social factors. There is growing interest in the gut-brain-microbiome (GBM) axis and its impact on mental health. We use the medical model of the 4Ps to explore factors involving the connection between nutrition and the GBM axis and their associated risks with mental health problems in emerging adults (EAs), a life stage when mental illness onset is the most common. We review the impact of current dietary trends on the GBM and on mental health, and the role that gut microbiome-based interventions can have in modulating the GBM axis of EAs. We discuss the implications of gut health on the GBM and areas for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Warren
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Colleen O'Connor
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ju Eun Lee
- Geriatrics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy Burton
- Department of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - David Walton
- School of Physical Therapy, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justine Keathley
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Wammes
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Osuch
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- First Episode Mood and Anxiety Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
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Xiao X, Rui Y, Jin Y, Chen M. Relationship of Sleep Disorder with Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Diseases: An Updated Review. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:568-582. [PMID: 38108952 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disorders affect many people worldwide and can accompany neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Sleep may be altered before the clinical manifestations of some of these diseases appear. Moreover, some sleep disorders affect the physiological organization and function of the brain by influencing gene expression, accelerating the accumulation of abnormal proteins, interfering with the clearance of abnormal proteins, or altering the levels of related hormones and neurotransmitters, which can cause or may be associated with the development of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms of these effects are unclear. This review mainly focuses on the relationship between and mechanisms of action of sleep in Alzheimer's disease, depression, and anxiety, as well as the relationships between sleep and Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This summary of current research hotspots may provide researchers with better clues and ideas to develop treatment solutions for neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases associated with sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yimin Rui
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Araste A, Moghadam MRSF, Mohammadhasani K, Fard MV, Khorasanchi Z, Latifi M, Hasanzadeh E, Talkhi N, Sharifan P, Asadiyan-Sohan P, Bidokhti MK, Ghassemi A, Darban RA, Ferns G, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Adherence to the nordic diet is associated with anxiety, stress, and depression in recovered COVID-19 patients, a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38429766 PMCID: PMC10908094 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follow-up of COVID-19 recovered patients to discover important adverse effects on other organs is required. The psychological health of COVID-19 patients may be affected after recovery. AIM We aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to the Nordic diet (ND) and psychological symptoms caused by COVID-19 after recovery. METHOD Dietary data on 246 qualified adults (123 cases and 123 controls). The dietary intake in this case-control study was calculated by a reliable and valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to analyze participant's anxiety, stress, depression, sleep quality, insomnia, and quality of life of participants. RESULTS There was a significant inverse relationship between total anxiety, stress, and depression scores and the intake of whole grains (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant inverse association between depression and fruit intake (P < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between insomnia and sleep quality and the intake of root vegetables (P < 0.05). In the multinomial-regression model, a significant association between the Nordic diet and anxiety, stress, and depression was found only in the case group (OR = 0.719, 95% CI 0.563-0.918, p-value = 0.008; OR = 0.755, 95% CI 0.609-0.934, P-value = 0.010, and, OR = 0.759, 95% CI 0.602-0.956, P-value = 0.019 respectively). CONCLUSION Adherence to the Nordic diet might reduce anxiety, stress, and depression in recovered COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asie Araste
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Kimia Mohammadhasani
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vahedi Fard
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorasanchi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - MohammadReza Latifi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Hasanzadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Talkhi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Payam Sharifan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Asadiyan-Sohan
- Departments of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Khayati Bidokhti
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Ghassemi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Assaran Darban
- Departments of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Boles JS, Krueger ME, Jernigan JE, Cole CL, Neighbarger NK, Uriarte Huarte O, Tansey MG. A leaky gut dysregulates gene networks in the brain associated with immune activation, oxidative stress, and myelination in a mouse model of colitis. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:473-492. [PMID: 38341052 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut and brain are increasingly linked in human disease, with neuropsychiatric conditions classically attributed to the brain showing an involvement of the intestine and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) displaying an ever-expanding list of neurological comorbidities. To identify molecular systems that underpin this gut-brain connection and thus discover therapeutic targets, experimental models of gut dysfunction must be evaluated for brain effects. In the present study, we examine disturbances along the gut-brain axis in a widely used murine model of colitis, the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model, using high-throughput transcriptomics and an unbiased network analysis strategy coupled with standard biochemical outcome measures to achieve a comprehensive approach to identify key disease processes in both colon and brain. We examine the reproducibility of colitis induction with this model and its resulting genetic programs during different phases of disease, finding that DSS-induced colitis is largely reproducible with a few site-specific molecular features. We focus on the circulating immune system as the intermediary between the gut and brain, which exhibits an activation of pro-inflammatory innate immunity during colitis. Our unbiased transcriptomics analysis provides supporting evidence for immune activation in the brain during colitis, suggests that myelination may be a process vulnerable to increased intestinal permeability, and identifies a possible role for oxidative stress and brain oxygenation. Overall, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of multiple systems in a prevalent experimental model of intestinal permeability, which will inform future studies using this model and others, assist in the identification of druggable targets in the gut-brain axis, and contribute to our understanding of the concomitance of intestinal and neuropsychiatric dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Sondag Boles
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Maeve E Krueger
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Janna E Jernigan
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Cassandra L Cole
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Noelle K Neighbarger
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Oihane Uriarte Huarte
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Malú Gámez Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Asia LK, Van Vuren EJ, Kruger IM, Williams ME. A Pilot Investigation of the Association Between Vpr Amino Acid Substitutions and Peripheral Immune Marker Levels in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for Neurocognitive Impairment. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae111. [PMID: 38524224 PMCID: PMC10960601 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Subtype-specific amino acid variations in viral proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) influence disease progression. Furthermore, Vpr sequence variation correlates with chronic inflammation, a central mechanism in HIV-1 (neuro)pathogenesis. Nevertheless, no clinical study has investigated the link between Vpr sequence variation and peripheral inflammation in people with HIV (PWH). The aim of this pilot study was to ascertain whether specific Vpr amino acid variants were associated with immune markers in PWH. Methods We included a unique cohort of 48 treatment-naive South African PWH to determine the association between blood-derived Vpr sequence variation and peripheral immune marker levels using Sanger sequencing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis, respectively. Results Our findings indicate that among the many neuropathogenic Vpr amino acid variants and immune markers examined, after applying Bonferroni corrections (P = .05/3) and adjusting for sex and locality, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) was nearing significance for higher levels in participants with the G41 amino acid variant compared to those with the S41 variant (P = .035). Furthermore, amino acid variations at position 41 (between G41 and S41) exhibited a significant association with suPAR (adjusted R2 = 0.089, β = .386 [95% confidence interval, .125-3.251]; P = .035). Conclusions These findings suggest that Vpr amino acid sequence variations might contribute to dysregulated inflammation, which could explain the observed association between specific Vpr variants and HIV-1 (neuro)pathogenesis found in prior research. These Vpr variants merit further investigation to fully understand their roles in HIV-1 pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levanco K Asia
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Esmé Jansen Van Vuren
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council, Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Iolanthé M Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Monray E Williams
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Ribera C, Sánchez-Ortí JV, Clarke G, Marx W, Mörkl S, Balanzá-Martínez V. Probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic and fermented food supplementation in psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of clinical trials. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105561. [PMID: 38280441 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or fermented foods can modulate the gut-brain axis and constitute a potentially therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disorders. This systematic review aims to identify current evidence regarding these interventions in the treatment of patients with DSM/ICD psychiatric diagnoses. Forty-seven articles from 42 studies met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed in all included studies. Major depression was the most studied disorder (n = 19 studies). Studies frequently focused on schizophrenia (n = 11) and bipolar disorder (n = 5) and there were limited studies in anorexia nervosa (n = 4), ADHD (n = 3), Tourette (n = 1), insomnia (n = 1), PTSD (n = 1) and generalized anxiety disorder (n = 1). Except in MDD, current evidence does not clarify the role of probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of mental illness. Several studies point to an improvement in the immune and inflammatory profile (e.g. CRP, IL6), which may be a relevant mechanism of action of the therapeutic response identified in these studies. Future research should consider lifestyle and dietary habits of patients as possible confounders that may influence inter-individual treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ribera
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Department of Psychiatry, Blasco Ibañez 17, floor 7B, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Fundación INCLIVA, Av. Menéndez y Pelayo 4, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Dept of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, College Rd, 1.15 Biosciences Building, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, 299 Ryrie street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Sabrina Mörkl
- Division of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Fundación INCLIVA, Av. Menéndez y Pelayo 4, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia. Blasco Ibañez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; VALSME (Valencia Salut Mental i Estigma) Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Nielsen TC, Nassar N, Shand AW, Jones HF, Han VX, Patel S, Guastella AJ, Dale RC, Lain SJ. Association between cumulative maternal exposures related to inflammation and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A cohort study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2024; 38:241-250. [PMID: 38009577 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies suggest synergistic effects of maternal inflammatory exposures on offspring neurodevelopment, but human studies have been limited. OBJECTIVES To examine the cumulative association and potential interactions between seven maternal exposures related to inflammation and child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study of children born from July 2001 to December 2011 in New South Wales, Australia, and followed up until December 2014. Seven maternal exposures were identified from birth data and hospital admissions during pregnancy: autoimmune disease, asthma, hospitalization for infection, mood or anxiety disorder, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. Child ADHD was identified from stimulant prescription records. Multivariable Cox regression assessed the association between individual and cumulative exposures and ADHD and potential interaction between exposures, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS The cohort included 908,770 children, one-third (281,724) with one or more maternal exposures. ADHD was identified in 16,297 children (incidence 3.5 per 1000 person-years) with median age of 7 (interquartile range 2) years at first treatment. Each exposure was independently associated with ADHD, and risk increased with additional exposures: one exposure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54, 1.65), two exposures (HR 2.25, 95% CI 2.13, 2.37), and three or more exposures (HR 3.28, 95% CI 2.95, 3.64). Positive interaction was found between smoking and infection. The largest effect size was found for cumulative exposure of asthma, infection, mood or anxiety disorder, and smoking (HR 6.12, 95% CI 3.47, 10.70). CONCLUSIONS This study identifies cumulative effects of multiple maternal exposures related to inflammation on ADHD, most potentially preventable or modifiable. Future studies should incorporate biomarkers of maternal inflammation and consider gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Nielsen
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Antonia W Shand
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hannah F Jones
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Starship Children's Hospital, Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Velda X Han
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Shrujna Patel
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam J Guastella
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samantha J Lain
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Wang F, Sun M, Wang X, Wu Z, Guo R, Yang Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Dong Y, Wang S, Li B. The mediating role of dietary inflammatory index on the association between eating breakfast and depression: Based on NHANES 2007-2018. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:1-7. [PMID: 38070746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a significant, pervasive, global public health problem, associated with many factors, such as diet, social factors, and lifestyle habits. We aimed to evaluate the association between eating breakfast, dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression, and to verify the mediating role of DII on the effect of eating breakfast on depression. METHODS 21,865 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018 were included in this study. Binary logistic regression and mediated effect analysis were conducted to analyze the associations between eating breakfast, DII and depression. Dietary inflammation was divided into pro-inflammatory diet and anti-inflammatory diet according to the DII. RESULTS Both pro-inflammatory diet and skipping breakfast were risk factors for depression. After adjusting for covariables, compared with participants reporting breakfast in both recalls, reporting breakfast in one recall had a higher OR 95%CI (1.54(1.20, 1.98)) of depression. These associations in stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes were robust. DII mediated the association between eating breakfast and depression, the proportion of participants who reported breakfast in one recall and no recall was 26.15 % and 26.67 %, respectively. LIMITATIONS This was a cross-sectional study that couldn't argue for the cause-effect relationship. Moreover, the confounding factor regarding medication use was not accounted for due to limited data. CONCLUSIONS Skipping breakfast may increase the risk of depression by raising DII. And our study supported the essential role of regular breakfast and the anti-inflammatory diet in reducing the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengdan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Mengzi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xuhan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zibo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ruirui Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yixue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yibo Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sizhe Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Gubán Z, Gubán M, Csekő-Szél A. Somatization Patterns and Minority Stress Among LGBTQ+ Individuals in Hungary. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38386284 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2321505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This research aims to explore the relationship between somatization and minority stress in the LGBTQ+ community in Hungary, building on the biopsychosocial model, addressing the unique health challenges of the community and expanding the currently limited literature on the subject. The study involved adult, LGBTQ+, Hungarian individuals, and it assessed somatic symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15. Ordinal logistic regressions were carried out, using multiple covariates and factors. Our findings shows that women reported higher somatic symptoms and stress levels, however, these effects are moderate among those living in the capital. The influence of residence type on the individual's psychosomatic health was proven to depend on their sexual orientations and gender identities. Additionally, older respondents, regardless of their gender or sexual orientation, seem to experience less somatic symptoms and stress. The gender respondents identify with, their type of residency, and age have been demonstrated as the most significant factors influencing somatic symptoms and perceived stress. As one of the pioneering studies on psychosomatic symptoms in sexual and gender minorities in Hungary, this research underscores the imperative to academically and practically address the health concerns of the LGBTQ+ community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gubán
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Anna Csekő-Szél
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, Regionshospitalet Randers, Randers, Denmark
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Varaee H, Mirzaei M, Salehi-Abargouei A, Ahmadi N, Hosseinzadeh M. Evaluation of lifestyle and dietary inflammatory score and their relationship with the odds of depression, stress, and anxiety in adults living in Yazd, Iran; based on YaHS and TAMYZ cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:486-491. [PMID: 38000473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and stress are becoming more common worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between dietary inflammations scores (DIS) and lifestyle inflammation scores (LIS) and the risk of depression, stress, and anxiety in a large sample of Iranian adults. METHODS This study was based on 5579 adults (20-70 years) who participated in the Yazd Health Study (YaHS). The DIS score was calculated from the intake of 19 food groups and the LIS score was derived from four components. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of depression, stress, and anxiety across quartiles of DIS and LIS. RESULTS 2749 of the participants (46 % male) had anxiety, depression and stress. According to the adjusted model, there was a positive association between LIS and the risk of anxiety (OR: 1.23, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.49) and depression (OR: 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.14-1.69, P for trend: 0.03). However, there was no significant association between LIS and the risk of stress. There was also no significant association between DIS and the risk of anxiety, depression and stress. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that higher LIS scores were associated with depression and anxiety. It is suggested that following a LIS that includes smoking status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and body mass index as indicators of the inflammatory promoting lifestyle, may increase the risk of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Varaee
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International Campus of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran; Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Lutke Schipholt IJ, Coppieters MW, Diepens M, Hoekstra T, Ostelo RWJG, Barbe MF, Meijer OG, Bontkes HJ, Scholten-Peeters GGM. Systemic Inflammation, Sleep, and Psychological Factors Determine Recovery Trajectories for People With Neck Pain: An Exploratory Study. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024:104496. [PMID: 38342190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
We conducted an explorative prospective cohort study with 6 months follow-up to 1) identify different pain and disability trajectories following an episode of acute neck pain, and 2) assess whether neuroimmune/endocrine, psychological, behavioral, nociceptive processing, clinical outcome, demographic and management-related factors differ between these trajectories. Fifty people with acute neck pain (ie, within 2 weeks of onset) were included. At baseline, and at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 26 weeks follow-up, various neuroimmune/endocrine (eg, inflammatory cytokines and endocrine factors), psychological (eg, stress symptoms), behavioral (eg, sleep disturbances), nociceptive processing (eg, condition pain modulation), clinical outcome (eg, trauma), demographic factors (eg, age), and management-related factors (eg, treatment received) were assessed. Latent class models were performed to identify outcome trajectories for neck pain and disability. Linear mixed models or the Pearson chi-square test were used to evaluate differences in these factors between the trajectories at baseline and at each follow-up assessment and over the entire 6 months period. For pain, 3 trajectories were identified. The majority of patients were assigned to the "Moderate pain - Favourable recovery" trajectory (n = 25; 50%) with smaller proportions assigned to the "Severe pain - Favourable recovery" (n = 16; 32%) and the "Severe pain - Unfavourable recovery" (n = 9; 18%) trajectories. For disability, 2 trajectories were identified: "Mild disability - Favourable recovery" (n = 43; 82%) and "Severe disability - Unfavourable recovery" (n = 7; 18%). Ongoing systemic inflammation (increased high-sensitive C-reactive protein), sleep disturbances, and elevated psychological factors (such as depression, stress and anxiety symptoms) were mainly present in the unfavorable outcome trajectories compared to the favorable outcome trajectories. PERSPECTIVE: Using exploratory analyses, different recovery trajectories for acute neck pain were identified based on disability and pain intensity. These trajectories were influenced by systemic inflammation, sleep disturbances, and psychological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J Lutke Schipholt
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Program Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Michel W Coppieters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Program Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands; School of Health Sciences and Social Work, and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane & Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maaike Diepens
- Department Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Trynke Hoekstra
- Department of Health Sciences and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond W J G Ostelo
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences Research Institute, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Onno G Meijer
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Program Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands; Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Hetty J Bontkes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendolyne G M Scholten-Peeters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Program Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam, Noord Holland, The Netherlands
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Luqman A, He M, Hassan A, Ullah M, Zhang L, Rashid Khan M, Din AU, Ullah K, Wang W, Wang G. Mood and microbes: a comprehensive review of intestinal microbiota's impact on depression. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1295766. [PMID: 38404464 PMCID: PMC10884216 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1295766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is considered a multifaceted and intricate mental disorder of growing concern due to its significant impact on global health issues. The human gut microbiota, also known as the "second brain," has an important role in the CNS by regulating it through chemical, immunological, hormonal, and neurological processes. Various studies have found a significant bidirectional link between the brain and the gut, emphasizing the onset of depression therapies. The biological and molecular processes underlying depression and microbiota are required, as the bidirectional association may represent a novel study. However, profound insights into the stratification and diversity of the gut microbiota are still uncommon. This article investigates the emerging evidence of a bacterial relationship between the gut and the brain's neurological system and its potential pathogenicity and relevance. The interplay of microbiota, immune system, nervous system neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuroplasticity transitions is also widely studied. The consequences of stress, dietary fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics on the GB axis are being studied. Multiple studies revealed the processes underlying this axis and led to the development of effective microbiota-based drugs for both prevention and treatment. Therefore, the results support the hypothesis that gut microbiota influences depression and provide a promising area of research for an improved knowledge of the etiology of the disease and future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Luqman
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei He
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Mehtab Ullah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Kamran Ullah
- Department of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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Zhang L, Sun H, Liu Z, Yang J, Liu Y. Association between dietary sugar intake and depression in US adults: a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:110. [PMID: 38326834 PMCID: PMC10851576 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining whether diet sugar intake increases the risk of depression have produced inconsistent results. Therefore, we investigated this relationship, using the US' National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 18,439 adults (aged ≥ 20 years) from NHANES (2011-2018). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the nine-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Covariates, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty-income ratio, education, marital status, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, alcohol intake, smoking status, physical activity, and dietary energy intake, were adjusted in multivariate logistic regression models. Subgroup and threshold saturation effect analyses were performed. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that a 100 g/day increase in dietary sugar intake correlated with a 28% higher prevalence of depression (odds ratio = 1.28, 95% confidence interval = 1.17-1.40, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Dietary sugar intake is positively associated with depression in US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyang Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihui Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Ballesio A, Micheli F, Baccini F, Zagaria A, Del Forno A, Fiori V, Palombelli G, Scalamonti S, Ruffa A, Magiotta A, Di Nardo G, Lombardo C. Inflammation as an aetiological trigger for depressive symptoms in a prospective cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Psychosom Res 2024; 177:111592. [PMID: 38217896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often comorbid with mood disorders and depressive symptoms. The aetiology of depressive symptoms in IBD, however, remains largely unknown. Consistent with the inflammatory hypothesis of depression, the aim of this study was to explore the prospective associations between inflammatory biomarkers and depressive symptoms in a cohort of IBD patients with and without a previous clinical diagnosis of mood disorder. METHOD IBD clinical activity was determined using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index for CD and the Partial Mayo score for UC; serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (fCAL) were used as biomarkers of systemic and intestinal inflammation, respectively. Participants were administered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-depression (HADS-D) at baseline and 1-year follow-up. RESULTS Eighty-four participants (50 ± 16 years; 75% UC and 25% CD) were included in the main analyses. Longitudinal moderated regression models showed that baseline CRP significantly predicted follow-up HADS-D scores among individuals with a previous mood disorder diagnosis (β = 0.843, p < .001), but not among individuals without (β = -0.013, p = .896), after controlling for baseline HADS-D scores, body mass index, IBD phenotype, sex, and perceived stress. Likely due to lower power, results on FCAL (n = 31) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study suggests that IBD patients with previous diagnosis of mood disorder may be at higher risk of inflammation-related depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Micheli
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Baccini
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Forno
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Fiori
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Scalamonti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Ambra Magiotta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Nardo
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Italy
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Zhao F, Zhang K, Chen H, Zhang T, Zhao J, Lv Q, Yu Q, Ruan M, Cui R, Li B. Therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of ginseng for depression associated with COVID-19. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:229-247. [PMID: 38012459 PMCID: PMC10907431 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a global outbreak of COVID-19 has rapidly spread to various national regions. As the number of COVID-19 patients has increased, some of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 have developed a variety of psychiatric symptoms, including depression, cognitive impairment, and fatigue. A distinct storm of inflammatory factors that contribute to the initial disease but also a persistent post-acute phase syndrome has been reported in patients with COVID-19. Neuropsychological symptoms including depression, cognitive impairment, and fatigue are closely related to circulating and local (brain) inflammatory factors. Natural products are currently being examined for their ability to treat numerous complications caused by COVID-19. Among them, ginseng has anti-inflammatory, immune system stimulating, neuroendocrine modulating, and other effects, which may help improve psychiatric symptoms. This review summarizes the basic mechanisms of COVID-19 pneumonia, psychiatric symptoms following coronavirus infections, effects of ginseng on depression, restlessness, and other psychiatric symptoms associated with post-COVID syn-dromes, as well as possible mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Lv
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Ruan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Laboratory for Screening of Antidepressant Drugs, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Target of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Anti-Depressive Effect, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
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