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Zhang D, Du L, Lin J, Wang L, Zheng P, Deng B, Zhang W, Su W, Liu Y, Lu Y, Qin Y, Wang X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and their involvement in flower and fruit development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:626. [PMID: 38961401 PMCID: PMC11220982 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins play regulatory roles in plant growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and other biological processes. As a popular fruit and ornamental crop, it is important to explore the regulatory mechanism of flower and fruit development of passion fruit. RESULTS In this study, 32 PeCaM/PeCML genes were identified from passion fruit genome and were divided into 9 groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The structural analysis, including conserved motifs, gene structure and homologous modeling, illustrates that the PeCaM/PeCML in the same subgroup have relative conserved structural features. Collinearity analysis suggested that the expansion of the CaM/CML gene family likely took place mainly by segmental duplication, and the whole genome replication events were closely related with the rapid expansion of the gene group. PeCaM/PeCMLs were potentially required for different floral tissues development. Significantly, PeCML26 had extremely high expression levels during ovule and fruit development compared with other PeCML genes, suggesting that PeCML26 had potential functions involved in the development of passion fruit flowers and fruits. The co-presence of various cis-elements associated with growth and development, hormone responsiveness, and stress responsiveness in the promoter regions of these PeCaM/PeCMLs might contribute to their diverse regulatory roles. Furthermore, PeCaM/PeCMLs were also induced by various abiotic stresses. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the CaM/CML gene family and valuable clues for future studies on the function and evolution of CaM/CML genes in passion fruit. CONCLUSION A total of 32 PeCaM/PeCML genes were divided into 9 groups. The PeCaM/PeCML genes showed differential expression patterns in floral tissues at different development stages. It is worth noting that PeCML26, which is highly homologous to AtCaM2, not only interacts with multiple BBR-BPC TFs, but also has high expression levels during ovule and fruit development, suggesting that PeCML26 had potential functions involved in the development of passion fruit flowers and fruits. This research lays the foundation for future investigations and validation of the potential function of PeCaM/PeCML genes in the growth and development of passion fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lumiao Du
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinting Lin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Biao Deng
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Fine Variety Breeding Farm in Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Weiqiang Su
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Yuming Lu
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Ma M, Yang L, Hu Z, Mo C, Geng S, Zhao X, He Q, Xiao L, Lu L, Wang D, Li S, Kong Q, Li D, Bie Z. Multiplex gene editing reveals cucumber MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O family roles in powdery mildew resistance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1069-1088. [PMID: 38330431 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most widespread and prevalent diseases that affects a wide range of crops. In cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), previous forward genetic studies have identified MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O 8 (CsMLO8) as necessary but alone insufficient for cucumber PM resistance (PMR) and suggested the involvement of other members of the CsMLO family. However, the function of other CsMLO family members in cucumber remains largely unknown. Here, we developed a highly efficient multiplex gene editing system in cucumber to generate a series of Csmlo mutants from all the 13 family members. Systematic analysis of these mutants revealed growth effects of these CsMLO family members on development and PMR. Importantly, we obtained the Csmlo1/8/11 triple mutant with complete resistance to PM. Transcriptome and proteome analysis of PM-resistant Csmlo mutants suggested that the kinesin-like calmodulin-binding protein (KCBP)-interacting Ca2+-binding protein (CsKIC), calmodulin-like protein 28 (CsCML28), and Ca2+-dependent protein kinase 11 (CsCPK11)-mediated calcium signaling pathway is involved in PMR. CsMLO8 interacted directly with CsKIC, and the simultaneous silencing of both genes resulted in a phenotype that resembled the silencing of CsKIC alone. Silencing CsCML28 and CsCPK11 increased susceptibility to PM, whereas overexpressing CsCPK11 through genetic transformation enhanced cucumber's PMR, demonstrating their positive regulatory roles in PMR. Given the importance of PMR for cucurbit crops, this research provides unprecedented insights into the function of the proteins encoded by the CsMLO gene family as well as the plant defense response to PM pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingru Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenzhu Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changjuan Mo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shouyu Geng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiuyu He
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liurong Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shanggui Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiusheng Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dawei Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang R, Chen P, Han M, Wang W, Hu X, He R, Tai F. Calcineurin B-like protein ZmCBL8-1 promotes salt stress resistance in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2024; 259:49. [PMID: 38285217 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION ZmCBL8-1 enhances salt stress tolerance in maize by improving the antioxidant system to neutralize ROS homeostasis and inducing Na+/H+ antiporter gene expressions of leaves. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) as plant-specific calcium sensors have been explored for their roles in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. Further, the functional variations in ZmCBL8, encoding a component of the salt overly sensitive pathway, conferred the salt stress tolerance in maize. ZmCBL8-1 is a transcript of ZmCBL8 found in maize, but its function in the salt stress response is still unclear. The present study aimed to characterize the protein ZmCBL8-1 that was determined to be composed of 194 amino acids (aa) with three conserved EF hands responsible for binding Ca2+. However, a 20-aa fragment was found to be missing from its C-terminus relative to another transcript of ZmCBL8. Results indicated that it harbored a dual-lipid modification motif MGCXXS at its N-terminus and was located on the cell membrane. The accumulation of ZmCBL8-1 transcripts was high in the roots but relatively lower in the leaves of maize under normal condition. In contrast, its expression was significantly decreased in the roots, while increased in the leaves under NaCl treatment. The overexpression of ZmCBL8-1 resulted in higher salt stress resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis in a Ca2+-dependent manner relative to that of the wild type (WT). In ZmCBL8-1-overexpressing plants exposed to NaCl, the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were decreased in comparison with those in the WT, and the expression of key genes involved in the antioxidant defense system and Na+/H+ antiporter were upregulated. These results suggested that ZmCBL8-1 played a positive role in the response of leaves to salt stress by inducing the expression of Na+/H+ antiporter genes and enhancing the antioxidant system to neutralize the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. These observations further indicate that ZmCBL8-1 confers salt stress tolerance, suggesting that transcriptional regulation of the ZmCBL8 gene is important for salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Peimei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Minglei Han
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Loh SN, Anthony IR, Gavor E, Lim XS, Kini RM, Mok YK, Sivaraman J. Recognition of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Saliva Protein LTRIN by the Human Receptor LTβR for Controlling the Immune Response. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:42. [PMID: 38248473 PMCID: PMC10813304 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Salivary proteins from mosquitoes have received significant attention lately due to their potential to develop therapeutic treatments or vaccines for mosquito-borne diseases. Here, we report the characterization of LTRIN (lymphotoxin beta receptor inhibitor), a salivary protein known to enhance the pathogenicity of ZIKV by interrupting the LTβR-initiated NF-κB signaling pathway and, therefore, diminish the immune responses. We demonstrated that the truncated C-terminal LTRIN (ΔLTRIN) is a dimeric protein with a stable alpha helix-dominant secondary structure, which possibly aids in withstanding the temperature fluctuations during blood-feeding events. ΔLTRIN possesses two Ca2+ binding EF-hand domains, with the second EF-hand motif playing a more significant role in interacting with LTβR. Additionally, we mapped the primary binding regions of ΔLTRIN on LTβR using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) and identified that 91QEKAHIAEHMDVPIDTSKMSEQELQFHY118 from the N-terminal of ΔLTRIN is the major interacting region. Together, our studies provide insight into the recognition of LTRIN by LTβR. This finding may aid in a future therapeutic and transmission-blocking vaccine development against ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ning Loh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
| | - Ian Russell Anthony
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
| | - Edem Gavor
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
| | - Xin Shan Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
| | - R. Manjunatha Kini
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Yu Keung Mok
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
| | - J. Sivaraman
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (S.N.L.)
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He J, Xu Z, Azhar MT, Zhang Z, Li P, Gong J, Jiang X, Fan S, Ge Q, Yuan Y, Shang H. Comparative transcriptional and co-expression network analysis of two upland cotton accessions with extreme phenotypic differences reveals molecular mechanisms of fiber development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1189490. [PMID: 37719229 PMCID: PMC10502173 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1189490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is the main source of natural fiber in the global textile industry, and thus its fiber quality and yield are important parameters. In this study, comparative transcriptomics was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) due to its ability to effectively screen candidate genes during the developmental stages of cotton fiber. However, research using this method is limited, particularly on fiber development. The aim of this study was to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the whole period of fiber development and the differences in transcriptional levels. Methods Comparative transcriptomes are used to analyze transcriptome data and to screen for differentially expressed genes. STEM and WGCNA were used to screen for key genes involved in fiber development. qRT-PCR was performed to verify gene expression of selected DEGs and hub genes. Results Two accessions of upland cotton with extreme phenotypic differences, namely EZ60 and ZR014121, were used to carry out RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on fiber samples from different fiber development stages. The results identified 704, 376, 141, 269, 761, and 586 genes that were upregulated, and 1,052, 476, 355, 259, 702, and 847 genes that were downregulated at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days post anthesis, respectively. Similar expression patterns of DEGs were monitored using short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis, and associated pathways of DEGs within profiles were investigated. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified five key modules in fiber development and screened 20 hub genes involved in the development of fibers. Discussion Through the annotation of the genes, it was found that the excessive expression of resistance-related genes in the early fiber development stages affects the fiber yield, whereas the sustained expression of cell elongation-related genes is critical for long fibers. This study provides new information that can be used to improve fibers in newly developed upland cotton genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasen He
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, China
| | - Zhongyang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, China
| | - Muhammad Tehseen Azhar
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Pengtao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Juwu Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Senmiao Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Qun Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Youlu Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Haihong Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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Li L, Guo N, Cao Y, Zhai X, Fan G. Genome-Wide Characterization of Calmodulin and Calmodulin-like Protein Gene Families in Paulownia fortunei and Identification of Their Potential Involvement in Paulownia Witches' Broom. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1540. [PMID: 37628592 PMCID: PMC10454933 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As significant Ca2+ sensors, calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML), have been associated with a variety of environmental conditions in plants. However, whether CaMs/CMLs are related to the stress of phytoplasma infection has not been reported in Paulownia fortunei. In the current study, 5 PfCaMs and 58 PfCMLs were detected through a genome-wide investigation. The number of EF-hand motifs in all PfCaMs/CMLs varied. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein characteristics, conserved domain, gene structure, cis-elements, evolutionary relationship, collinearity, chromosomal location, post-translation modification site, subcellular localization and expression pattern analyses, represented the conservation and divergence of PfCaMs/CMLs. Furthermore, some PfCaMs/CMLs might be involved in plants' reaction to phytoplasma infection and exogenous calcium therapy, indicating these genes may play a role in abiotic as well as biotic stress responses. In addition, subcellular localization analysis showed that PfCML10 was located in the cell membrane and nucleus. In summary, these findings establish a stronger platform for their subsequent functional investigation in trees and further characterize their roles in Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yabing Cao
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | | | - Guoqiang Fan
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Baek D, Cho HM, Cha YJ, Jin BJ, Lee SH, Park MS, Chun HJ, Kim MC. Soybean Calmodulin-Binding Transcription Activators, GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8, Coordinate the Circadian Regulation of Developmental Processes and Drought Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11477. [PMID: 37511240 PMCID: PMC10380932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) mediate transcriptional regulation of development, growth, and responses to various environmental stresses in plants. To understand the biological roles of soybean CAMTA (GmCAMTA) family members in response to abiotic stresses, we characterized expression patterns of 15 GmCAMTA genes in response to various abiotic stresses. The GmCAMTA genes exhibited distinct circadian regulation expression patterns and were differently expressed in response to salt, drought, and cold stresses. Interestingly, the expression levels of GmCAMTA2, GmCAMTA8, and GmCAMTA12 were higher in stem tissue than in other soybean tissues. To determine the roles of GmCAMTAs in the regulation of developmental processes and stress responses, we isolated GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8 cDNAs from soybean and generated Arabidopsis overexpressing transgenic plants. The GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants showed hypersensitivity to drought stress. The water in the leaves of GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants was lost faster than that in wild-type (WT) plants under drought-stress conditions. In addition, stress-responsive genes were down-regulated in the GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants under drought stress conditions compared to WT plants. Our results suggest that GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8 genes are regulated by circadian rhythms and function as negative regulators in development and drought stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwon Baek
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Cho
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Jin
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyeon Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Suk Park
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Chun
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Chul Kim
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Lamport DTA. The Growth Oscillator and Plant Stomata: An Open and Shut Case. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2531. [PMID: 37447091 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Since Darwin's "Power of Movement in Plants" the precise mechanism of oscillatory plant growth remains elusive. Hence the search continues for the hypothetical growth oscillator that regulates a huge range of growth phenomena ranging from circumnutation to pollen tube tip growth and stomatal movements. Oscillators are essentially simple devices with few components. A universal growth oscillator with only four major components became apparent recently with the discovery of a missing component, notably arabinogalactan glycoproteins (AGPs) that store dynamic Ca2+ at the cell surface. Demonstrably, auxin-activated proton pumps, AGPs, Ca2+ channels, and auxin efflux "PIN" proteins, embedded in the plasma membrane, combine to generate cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations that ultimately regulate oscillatory growth: Hechtian adhesion of the plasma membrane to the cell wall and auxin-activated proton pumps trigger the release of dynamic Ca2+ stored in periplasmic AGP monolayers. These four major components represent a molecular PINball machine a strong visual metaphor that also recognises auxin efflux "PIN" proteins as an essential component. Proton "pinballs" dissociate Ca2+ ions bound by paired glucuronic acid residues of AGP glycomodules, hence reassessing the role of proton pumps. It shifts the prevalent paradigm away from the recalcitrant "acid growth" theory that proposes direct action on cell wall properties, with an alternative explanation that connects proton pumps to Ca2+ signalling with dynamic Ca2+ storage by AGPs, auxin transport by auxin-efflux PIN proteins and Ca2+ channels. The extensive Ca2+ signalling literature of plants ignores arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). Such scepticism leads us to reconsider the validity of the universal growth oscillator proposed here with some exceptions that involve marine plants and perhaps the most complex stress test, stomatal regulation.
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Mun SA, Park J, Kang JY, Park T, Jin M, Yang J, Eom SH. Structural and biochemical insights into Zn 2+-bound EF-hand proteins, EFhd1 and EFhd2. IUCRJ 2023; 10:233-245. [PMID: 36862489 PMCID: PMC9980392 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523001501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
EF-hand proteins, which contain a Ca2+-binding EF-hand motif, are involved in regulating diverse cellular functions. Ca2+ binding induces conformational changes that modulate the activities of EF-hand proteins. Moreover, these proteins occasionally modify their activities by coordinating metals other than Ca2+, including Mg2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+, within their EF-hands. EFhd1 and EFhd2 are homologous EF-hand proteins with similar structures. Although separately localized within cells, both are actin-binding proteins that modulate F-actin rearrangement through Ca2+-independent actin-binding and Ca2+-dependent actin-bundling activity. Although Ca2+ is known to affect the activities of EFhd1 and EFhd2, it is not known whether their actin-related activities are affected by other metals. Here, the crystal structures of the EFhd1 and EFhd2 core domains coordinating Zn2+ ions within their EF-hands are reported. The presence of Zn2+ within EFhd1 and EFhd2 was confirmed by analyzing anomalous signals and the difference between anomalous signals using data collected at the peak positions as well as low-energy remote positions at the Zn K-edge. EFhd1 and EFhd2 were also found to exhibit Zn2+-independent actin-binding and Zn2+-dependent actin-bundling activity. This suggests the actin-related activities of EFhd1 and EFhd2 could be regulated by Zn2+ as well as Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang A Mun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongseo Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Youn Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Taein Park
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeong Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Eom
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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10
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Smith M, Li P. Molecular Insights into the Calcium Binding in Troponin C through a Molecular Dynamics Study. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:354-361. [PMID: 36507851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-binding proteins play critical roles in various biological processes such as signal transduction, cell growth, and transcription factor regulation. Ion binding and target binding of Ca2+-binding proteins are highly related. Therefore, understanding the ion binding mechanism will benefit the relevant inhibitor design toward the Ca2+-binding proteins. The EF-hand is the typical ion binding motif in Ca2+-binding proteins. Previous studies indicate that the ion binding affinity of the EF-hand increases with the peptide length, but this mechanism has not been fully understood. Herein, using molecular dynamics simulations, thermodynamic integration calculations, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area analysis, we systematically investigated four Ca2+-binding peptides containing the EF-hand loop in site III of rabbit skeletal troponin C. These four peptides have 13, 21, 26, and 34 residues. Our simulations reproduced the observed trend that the ion binding affinity increases with the peptide length. Our results implied that the E-helix motif preceding the EF-hand loop, likely the Phe99 residue in particular, plays a significant role in this regulation. The E-helix has a significant impact on the backbone and side-chain conformations of the Asp103 residue, rigidifying important hydrogen bonds in the EF-hand and decreasing the solvent exposure of the Ca2+ ion, hence leading to more favorable Ca2+ binding in longer peptides. The present study provides molecular insights into the ion binding in the EF-hand and establishes an important step toward elucidating the responses of Ca2+-binding proteins toward the ion and target availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Rd., Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Rd., Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
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11
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Mérida-Quesada F, Vergara-Valladares F, Rubio-Meléndez ME, Hernández-Rojas N, González-González A, Michard E, Navarro-Retamal C, Dreyer I. TPC1-Type Channels in Physcomitrium patens: Interaction between EF-Hands and Ca 2. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3527. [PMID: 36559639 PMCID: PMC9783492 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-pore channels (TPCs) are members of the superfamily of ligand-gated and voltage-sensitive ion channels in the membranes of intracellular organelles of eukaryotic cells. The evolution of ordinary plant TPC1 essentially followed a very conservative pattern, with no changes in the characteristic structural footprints of these channels, such as the cytosolic and luminal regions involved in Ca2+ sensing. In contrast, the genomes of mosses and liverworts encode also TPC1-like channels with larger variations at these sites (TPC1b channels). In the genome of the model plant Physcomitrium patens we identified nine non-redundant sequences belonging to the TPC1 channel family, two ordinary TPC1-type, and seven TPC1b-type channels. The latter show variations in critical amino acids in their EF-hands essential for Ca2+ sensing. To investigate the impact of these differences between TPC1 and TPC1b channels, we generated structural models of the EF-hands of PpTPC1 and PpTPC1b channels. These models were used in molecular dynamics simulations to determine the frequency with which calcium ions were present in a coordination site and also to estimate the average distance of the ions from the center of this site. Our analyses indicate that the EF-hand domains of PpTPC1b-type channels have a lower capacity to coordinate calcium ions compared with those of common TPC1-like channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franko Mérida-Quesada
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Modelado de Sistemas Químicos y Biológicos, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - Fernando Vergara-Valladares
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Modelado de Sistemas Químicos y Biológicos, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - María Eugenia Rubio-Meléndez
- Electrical Signaling in Plants (ESP) Laboratory–Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - Naomí Hernández-Rojas
- Electrical Signaling in Plants (ESP) Laboratory–Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - Angélica González-González
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Vegetal y Biotecnología, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avenida Lircay, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - Erwan Michard
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avenida Lircay, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
| | - Carlos Navarro-Retamal
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Avenida Lircay, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Electrical Signaling in Plants (ESP) Laboratory–Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca CL-3460000, Chile
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12
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Cold Tolerance of ScCBL6 Is Associated with Tonoplast Transporters and Photosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5579-5592. [DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants that are adapted to harsh environments offer enormous opportunity to understand stress responses in ecological systems. Stipa capillacea is widely distributed in the frigid and arid region of the Tibetan Plateau, but its signal transduction system under cold stress has not been characterized. In this study, we isolated a cDNA encoding the signal transduction protein, ScCBL6, from S. capillacea, and evaluated its role in cold tolerance by ectopically expressing it in Arabidopsis. Full-length ScCBL6 encode 227 amino acids, and are clustered with CBL6 in Stipa purpurea and Oryza sativa in a phylogenetic analysis. Compared with tolerance in wild-type (WT) plants, ScCBL6-overexpressing plants (ScCBL6-OXP) were more tolerant to cold stress but not to drought stress, as confirmed by their high photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fm) and survival rate under cold stress. We further compared their cold-responsive transcriptome profiles by RNA sequencing. In total, 3931 genes were differentially expressed by the introduction of ScCBL6. These gene products were involved in multiple processes such as the immune system, lipid catabolism, and secondary metabolism. A KEGG pathway analysis revealed that they were mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and biomacromolecule metabolism. Proteins encoded by differentially expressed genes were predicted to be localized in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles, suggesting that ScCBL6 exerts a wide range of functions. Based on its tonoplast subcellular location combined with integrated transcriptome and physiological analyses of ScCBL6-OXP, we inferred that ScCBL6 improves plant cold stress tolerance in Arabidopsis via the regulation of photosynthesis, redox status, and tonoplast metabolite transporters.
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Liu C, Zhang J, Wang J, Liu W, Wang K, Chen X, Wen Y, Tian S, Pu Y, Fan G, Ma X, Sun X. Tobacco mosaic virus hijacks its coat protein-interacting protein IP-L to inhibit NbCML30, a calmodulin-like protein, to enhance its infection. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:677-693. [PMID: 36087000 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an important plant immune signal that is essential for activating host resistance, but how RNA viruses manipulate calcium signals to promote their infections remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) coat protein (CP)-interacting protein L (IP-L) associates with calmodulin-like protein 30 (NbCML30) in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and can suppress its expression at the nucleic acid and protein levels. NbCML30, which lacks the EF-hand conserved domain and cannot bind to Ca2+ , was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus and was downregulated by TMV infection. NbCML30 silencing promoted TMV infection, while its overexpression inhibited TMV infection by activating Ca2+ -dependent oxidative stress in plants. NbCML30-mediated resistance to TMV mainly depends on IP-L regulation as the facilitation of TMV infection by silencing NbCML30 was canceled by co-silencing NbCML30 and IP-L. Overall, these findings indicate that in the absence of any reported silencing suppressor activity, TMV CP manipulates IP-L to inhibit NbCML30, influencing its Ca2+ -dependent role in the oxidative stress response. These results lay a theoretical foundation that will enable us to engineer tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) with improved TMV resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyun Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Wen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaorui Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yundan Pu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjin Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
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Giridhar M, Meier B, Imani J, Kogel KH, Peiter E, Vothknecht UC, Chigri F. Comparative analysis of stress-induced calcium signals in the crop species barley and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:447. [PMID: 36114461 PMCID: PMC9482192 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03820-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are continuously exposed to changing environmental conditions and biotic attacks that affect plant growth. In crops, the inability to respond appropriately to stress has strong detrimental effects on agricultural production and yield. Ca2+ signalling plays a fundamental role in the response of plants to most abiotic and biotic stresses. However, research on stimulus-specific Ca2+ signals has mostly been pursued in Arabidopsis thaliana, while in other species these events are little investigated . RESULTS In this study, we introduced the Ca2+ reporter-encoding gene APOAEQUORIN into the crop species barley (Hordeum vulgare). Measurements of the dynamic changes in [Ca2+]cyt in response to various stimuli such as NaCl, mannitol, H2O2, and flagellin 22 (flg22) revealed the occurrence of dose- as well as tissue-dependent [Ca2+]cyt transients. Moreover, the Ca2+ signatures were unique for each stimulus, suggesting the involvement of different Ca2+ signalling components in the corresponding stress response. Alongside, the barley Ca2+ signatures were compared to those produced by the phylogenetically distant model plant Arabidopsis. Notable differences in temporal kinetics and dose responses were observed, implying species-specific differences in stress response mechanisms. The plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker La3+ strongly inhibited the [Ca2+]cyt response to all tested stimuli, indicating a critical role of extracellular Ca2+ in the induction of stress-associated Ca2+ signatures in barley. Moreover, by analysing spatio-temporal dynamics of the [Ca2+]cyt transients along the developmental gradient of the barley leaf blade we demonstrate that different parts of the barley leaf show quantitative differences in [Ca2+]cyt transients in response to NaCl and H2O2. There were only marginal differences in the response to flg22, indicative of developmental stage-dependent Ca2+ responses specifically to NaCl and H2O2. CONCLUSION This study reveals tissue-specific Ca2+ signals with stimulus-specific kinetics in the crop species barley, as well as quantitative differences along the barley leaf blade. A number of notable differences to the model plants Arabidopsis may be linked to different stimulus sensitivity. These transgenic barley reporter lines thus present a valuable tool to further analyse mechanisms of Ca2+ signalling in this crop and to gain insights into the variation of Ca2+-dependent stress responses between stress-susceptible and -resistant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bastian Meier
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty Heimann Str. 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jafargholi Imani
- Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Institute for Phytopathology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kogel
- Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Institute for Phytopathology, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty Heimann Str. 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ute C Vothknecht
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fatima Chigri
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Identification of Functional Genetic Variations Underlying Flooding Tolerance in Brazilian Soybean Genotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810611. [PMID: 36142529 PMCID: PMC9502317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flooding is a frequent environmental stress that reduces soybean (Glycine max) growth and grain yield in many producing areas in the world, such as, e.g., in the United States, Southeast Asia and Southern Brazil. In these regions, soybean is frequently cultivated in lowland areas by rotating with rice (Oryza sativa), which provides numerous technical, economic and environmental benefits. Given these realities, this work aimed to characterize physiological responses, identify genes differentially expressed under flooding stress in Brazilian soybean genotypes with contrasting flooding tolerance, and select SNPs with potential use for marker-assisted selection. Soybean cultivars TECIRGA 6070 (flooding tolerant) and FUNDACEP 62 (flooding sensitive) were grown up to the V6 growth stage and then flooding stress was imposed. Total RNA was extracted from leaves 24 h after the stress was imposed and sequenced. In total, 421 induced and 291 repressed genes were identified in both genotypes. TECIRGA 6070 presented 284 and 460 genes up- and down-regulated, respectively, under flooding conditions. Of those, 100 and 148 genes were exclusively up- and down-regulated, respectively, in the tolerant genotype. Based on the RNA sequencing data, SNPs in differentially expressed genes in response to flooding stress were identified. Finally, 38 SNPs, located in genes with functional annotation for response to abiotic stresses, were found in TECIRGA 6070 and absent in FUNDACEP 62. To validate them, 22 SNPs were selected for designing KASP assays that were used to genotype a panel of 11 contrasting genotypes with known phenotypes. In addition, the phenotypic and grain yield impacts were analyzed in four field experiments using a panel of 166 Brazilian soybean genotypes. Five SNPs possibly related to flooding tolerance in Brazilian soybean genotypes were identified. The information generated from this research will be useful to develop soybean genotypes adapted to poorly drained soils or areas subject to flooding.
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Kaur A, Sharma A, Madhu, Verma PC, Upadhyay SK. EF-hand domain-containing proteins in Triticum aestivum: Insight into their roles in stress response and signalling. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2022; 149:663-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2022.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
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17
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Yuan J, Yu Z, Li Y, Shah SHA, Xiao D, Hou X, Li Y. Ectopic expression of BrIQD35 promotes drought stress tolerance in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:887-896. [PMID: 35377963 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant IQD gene family is responsive to a variety of stresses. In this study, we studied the structural features and functions of the gene BrIQD35 in Chinese cabbage, a member of the IQD gene family. BrIQD35 was cloned and shown to contain an IQ motif. Transient expression of BrIQD35 indicated that it was localized on the plasma membrane and was significantly upregulated under drought and salt stress in Chinese cabbage. To further identify the function of BrIQD35, it was heterologously overexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Although there was no significant difference between BrIQD35-overexpressed and wild-type (WT) plants under salt stress, WT N. benthamiana showed more wilting than the BrIQD35-overexpressed plants under drought stress. Since the IQ motif has been annotated as a CaM binding site, yeast two-hybrid assays were used to explore the interaction between BrIQD35 and CaM. The results indicated that BrIQD35 interacts weakly with CaMb, but not with CaMa, suggesting that BrIQD35 may function through the Ca2+ -CaMb pathway. The findings reveal a novel gene involved in drought tolerance, which is important for plant breeding and quality improvement for Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Z Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - S H A Shah
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Wang R, Himschoot E, Chen J, Boudsocq M, Geelen D, Friml J, Beeckman T, Vanneste S. Constitutive Active CPK30 Interferes With Root Growth and Endomembrane Trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862398. [PMID: 35783951 PMCID: PMC9245594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPK) are key components of a wide array of signaling pathways, translating stress and nutrient signaling into the modulation of cellular processes such as ion transport and transcription. However, not much is known about CPKs in endomembrane trafficking. Here, we screened for CPKs that impact on root growth and gravitropism, by overexpressing constitutively active forms of CPKs under the control of an inducible promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that inducible overexpression of an constitutive active CPK30 (CA-CPK30) resulted in a loss of root gravitropism and ectopic auxin accumulation in the root tip. Immunolocalization revealed that CA-CPK30 roots have reduced PIN protein levels, PIN1 polarity defects and impaired Brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive trafficking. Moreover, FM4-64 uptake was reduced, indicative of a defect in endocytosis. The effects on BFA-sensitive trafficking were not specific to PINs, as BFA could not induce aggregation of ARF1- and CHC-labeled endosomes in CA-CPK30. Interestingly, the interference with BFA-body formation, could be reverted by increasing the extracellular pH, indicating a pH-dependence of this CA-CPK30 effect. Altogether, our data reveal an important role for CPK30 in root growth regulation and endomembrane trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ellie Himschoot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Lab of Plant Growth Analysis, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
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Characterization of the Calmodulin/Calmodulin-like Protein (CAM/CML) Family in Ginkgo biloba, and the Influence of an Ectopically Expressed GbCML Gene (Gb_30819) on Seedling and Fruit Development of Transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111506. [PMID: 35684283 PMCID: PMC9183014 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulins (CAMs) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) can participate in the regulation of various physiological processes via sensing and decoding Ca2+ signals. To reveal the characteristics of the CAM/CML family in Ginkgo biloba, a comprehensive analysis was performed at the genome-wide level. A total of 26 CAMs/CMLs, consisting of 5 GbCAMs and 21 GbCMLs, was identified on 11 out of 12 chromosomes in G. biloba. They displayed a certain degree of multiplicity in their sequences, albeit with conserved EF hands. Collinearity analysis suggested that tandem rather than segmental or whole-genome duplications were likely to play roles in the evolution of the Ginkgo CAM/CML family. Furthermore, GbCAMs/GbCMLs were grouped into higher, lower, and moderate expression in magnitude. The cis-acting regulatory elements involved in phytohormone-responsiveness within GbCAM/GbCML promotors may explain their varied expression profiles. The ectopic expression of a GbCML gene (Gb_30819) in transgenic Arabidopsis led to phenotypes with significantly shortened root length and seedling height, and decreased yields of both pods and seeds. Moreover, an electrophoresis mobility shift assay demonstrated the Ca2+-binding activity of Gb_30819 in vitro. Altogether, these results contribute to insights into the characteristics of the evolution and expression of GbCAMs/GbCMLs, as well as evidence for Ca2+-CAM/CML pathways functioning within the ancient gymnosperm G. biloba.
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Secondary metabolite pathway of SDG (secoisolariciresinol) was observed to trigger ROS scavenging system in response to Ca2+ stress in cotton. Genomics 2022; 114:110398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dave N, LaFavers K, Arrizabalaga G. The Dually Localized EF-Hand Domain-Containing Protein TgEFP1 Regulates the Lytic Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. Cells 2022; 11:1709. [PMID: 35626745 PMCID: PMC9139715 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The propagation of the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii is tightly regulated by calcium signaling. However, the mechanisms by which calcium homeostasis and fluxes are regulated in this human pathogen are not fully understood. To identify Toxoplasma's calcium homeostasis network, we have characterized a novel EF-hand domain-containing protein, which we have named TgEFP1. We have determined that TgEFP1 localizes to a previously described compartment known as the plant-like vacuole or the endosomal-like compartment (PLV/ELC), which harbors several proteins related to ionic regulation. Interestingly, partial permeabilization techniques showed that TgEFP1 is also secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), within which the parasite divides. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy confirmed the unusual dual localization of TgEFP1 at the PLV/ELC and the PV. Furthermore, we determined that the localization of TgEFP1 to the PV, but not to the PLV/ELC, is affected by disruption of Golgi-dependent transport with Brefeldin A. Knockout of TgEFP1 results in faster propagation in tissue culture, hypersensitivity to calcium ionophore-induced egress, and premature natural egress. Thus, our work has revealed an interplay between the PV and the PLV/ELC and a role for TgEFP1 in the regulation of calcium-dependent events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gustavo Arrizabalaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (N.D.); (K.L.)
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Iqbal Z, Memon AG, Ahmad A, Iqbal MS. Calcium Mediated Cold Acclimation in Plants: Underlying Signaling and Molecular Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:855559. [PMID: 35574126 PMCID: PMC9094111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.855559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of plants to low temperatures adversely affects plant growth, development, and productivity. Plant response to cold stress is an intricate process that involves the orchestration of various physiological, signaling, biochemical, and molecular pathways. Calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays a crucial role in the acquisition of several stress responses, including cold. Upon perception of cold stress, Ca2+ channels and/or Ca2+ pumps are activated, which induces the Ca2+ signatures in plant cells. The Ca2+ signatures spatially and temporally act inside a plant cell and are eventually decoded by specific Ca2+ sensors. This series of events results in the molecular regulation of several transcription factors (TFs), leading to downstream gene expression and withdrawal of an appropriate response by the plant. In this context, calmodulin binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) constitute a group of TFs that regulate plant cold stress responses in a Ca2+ dependent manner. The present review provides a catalog of the recent progress made in comprehending the Ca2+ mediated cold acclimation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iqbal
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anjuman Gul Memon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ausaf Ahmad
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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Wang D, Huang F, Yan P, Nie Y, Chen L, Luo J, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium-Regulated Molecular Networks in Response to Long-Term Treatment with Abscisic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030524. [PMID: 35328077 PMCID: PMC8950999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal secondary messenger that transfers developmental cues and stress signals for gene expression and adaptive growth. A prior study showed that abiotic stresses induce mutually independent cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) and nucleosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]nuc) increases in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells. However, gene expression networks deciphering [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc signalling pathways remain elusive. Here, using transgenic A. thaliana to selectively impair abscisic acid (ABA)- or methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc increases, we identified [Ca2+]cyt- and [Ca2+]nuc-regulated ABA- or MeJA-responsive genes with a genome oligo-array. Gene co-expression network analysis revealed four Ca2+ signal-decoding genes, CAM1, CIPK8, GAD1, and CPN20, as hub genes co-expressed with Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes and hormone signalling genes. Luciferase complementation imaging assays showed interactions among CAM1, CIPK8, and GAD1; they also showed interactions with several proteins encoded by Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes. Furthermore, CAM1 and CIPK8 were required for MeJA-induced stomatal closure; they were associated with ABA-inhibited seed germination. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the unique expression pattern of [Ca2+]-regulated hormone-responsive genes in cam1, cipk8, and gad1. This comprehensive understanding of distinct Ca2+ and hormonal signalling will allow the application of approaches to uncover novel molecular foundations for responses to developmental and stress signals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Feifei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, Beijing Computing Center, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Yanli Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lvli Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jin Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Breiden M, Olsson V, Blümke P, Schlegel J, Gustavo-Pinto K, Dietrich P, Butenko MA, Simon R. The Cell Fate Controlling CLE40 Peptide Requires CNGCs to Trigger Highly Localized Ca2+ Transients in Arabidopsis thaliana Root Meristems. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1290-1301. [PMID: 34059877 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Communication between plant cells and their biotic environment largely depends on the function of plasma membrane localized receptor-like kinases (RLKs). Major players in this communication within root meristems are secreted peptides, including CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION40 (CLE40). In the distal root meristem, CLE40 acts through the RLK ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY4 (ACR4) and the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) RLK CLAVATA1 (CLV1) to promote cell differentiation. In the proximal meristem, CLE40 signaling requires the LRR receptor-like protein CLAVATA2 (CLV2) and the membrane localized pseudokinase CORYNE (CRN) and serves to inhibit cell differentiation. The molecular components that act immediately downstream of the CLE40-activated receptors are not yet known. Here, we show that active CLE40 signaling triggers the release of intracellular Ca2+ leading to increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in a small subset of proximal root meristem cells. This rise in [Ca2+]cyt depends on the CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNELS (CNGCs) 6 and 9 and on CLV1. The precise function of changes in [Ca2+]cyt is not yet known but might form a central part of a fine-tuned response to CLE40 peptide that serves to integrate root meristem growth with stem cell fate decisions and initiation of lateral root primordia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Breiden
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Vilde Olsson
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Osl, Blindernveien 31, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Patrick Blümke
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jenia Schlegel
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Karine Gustavo-Pinto
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Petra Dietrich
- Cell Biology of Plants, Friedrich Alexander University, Staudtstr. 5, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Melinka A Butenko
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Osl, Blindernveien 31, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Rüdiger Simon
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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Yamamoto H, Sato N, Shikanai T. Critical Role of NdhA in the Incorporation of the Peripheral Arm into the Membrane-Embedded Part of the Chloroplast NADH Dehydrogenase-Like Complex. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1131-1145. [PMID: 33169158 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex mediates ferredoxin-dependent plastoquinone reduction in the thylakoid membrane. In angiosperms, chloroplast NDH is composed of five subcomplexes and further forms a supercomplex with photosystem I (PSI). Subcomplex A (SubA) mediates the electron transport and consists of eight subunits encoded by both plastid and nuclear genomes. The assembly of SubA in the stroma has been extensively studied, but it is unclear how SubA is incorporated into the membrane-embedded part of the NDH complex. Here, we isolated a novel Arabidopsis mutant chlororespiratory reduction 16 (crr16) defective in NDH activity. CRR16 encodes a chloroplast-localized P-class pentatricopeptide repeat protein conserved in angiosperms. Transcript analysis of plastid-encoded ndh genes indicated that CRR16 was responsible for the efficient splicing of the group II intron in the ndhA transcript, which encodes a membrane-embedded subunit localized to the connecting site between SubA and the membrane subcomplex (SubM). To analyze the roles of NdhA in the assembly and stability of the NDH complex, the homoplastomic knockout plant of ndhA (ΔndhA) was generated in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Biochemical analyses of crr16 and ΔndhA plants indicated that NdhA was essential for stabilizing SubA and SubE but not for the accumulation of the other three subcomplexes. Furthermore, the crr16 mutant accumulated the SubA assembly intermediates in the stroma more than that in the wild type. These results suggest that NdhA biosynthesis is essential for the incorporation of SubA into the membrane-embedded part of the NDH complex at the final assembly step of the NDH-PSI supercomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - Nozomi Sato
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Shikanai
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
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Du B, Chen N, Song L, Wang D, Cai H, Yao L, Li X, Guo C. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) MsCML46 gene encoding calmodulin-like protein confers tolerance to abiotic stress in tobacco. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1907-1922. [PMID: 34322731 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE MsCML46 enhances tolerance to abiotic stresses through alleviating osmotic stress and oxidative damage by regulating the expression of stress-related genes to optimize osmolytes levels and antioxidant enzyme activity in transgenic tobacco. Abiotic stresses are major environmental factors that constraint crop productivity worldwide. Various stimuli regulate intracellular calcium levels and calcium-mediated signal transduction, and cellular responses. Ca2+ signals are perceived by different Ca2+ receptors. Calmodulin-like protein (CML) is one of the best-characterized Ca2+ sensors which shares sequence similarity with highly conserved calmodulin (CaM) ubiquitously expressed in plants. Currently, the molecular and physiological functions of CMLs are largely unknown. In this study, the MsCML46 was characterized in alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv. Zhaodong) under freezing stress. Results showed that MsCML46 was localized to the cytoplasm of Arabidopsis, and its expression was strongly elevated by cold, drought, salt, saline-alkali, and ABA treatments. Overexpressing MsCML46 in tobacco enhanced tolerance to freezing, drought, and salt stresses as evidenced by improved contents of osmotic regulatory solutes and antioxidant enzyme activity but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, cold, drought, and salt stresses increased the expression of stress-related genes in transgenic tobacco. MsCML46 binds free Ca2+ to promote signal transduction and maintain higher K+/Na+ ratio. In this way, it protects intracellular homeostasis under sodium ion toxicity. These results suggest that MsCML46 plays a crucial role in resisting abiotic stresses and can be exploited in genetic engineering for crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Naiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lili Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
- Biotech Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongsheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang, China.
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Deciphering the Role of Ion Channels in Early Defense Signaling against Herbivorous Insects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092219. [PMID: 34571868 PMCID: PMC8470099 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants and insect herbivores are in a relentless battle to outwit each other. Plants have evolved various strategies to detect herbivores and mount an effective defense system against them. These defenses include physical and structural barriers such as spines, trichomes, cuticle, or chemical compounds, including secondary metabolites such as phenolics and terpenes. Plants perceive herbivory by both mechanical and chemical means. Mechanical sensing can occur through the perception of insect biting, piercing, or chewing, while chemical signaling occurs through the perception of various herbivore-derived compounds such as oral secretions (OS) or regurgitant, insect excreta (frass), or oviposition fluids. Interestingly, ion channels or transporters are the first responders for the perception of these mechanical and chemical cues. These transmembrane pore proteins can play an important role in plant defense through the induction of early signaling components such as plasma transmembrane potential (Vm) fluctuation, intracellular calcium (Ca2+), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, followed by defense gene expression, and, ultimately, plant defense responses. In recent years, studies on early plant defense signaling in response to herbivory have been gaining momentum with the application of genetically encoded GFP-based sensors for real-time monitoring of early signaling events and genetic tools to manipulate ion channels involved in plant-herbivore interactions. In this review, we provide an update on recent developments and advances on early signaling events in plant-herbivore interactions, with an emphasis on the role of ion channels in early plant defense signaling.
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O'Connor E, Doyle S, Amini A, Grogan H, Fitzpatrick DA. Transmission of mushroom virus X and the impact of virus infection on the transcriptomes and proteomes of different strains of Agaricus bisporus. Fungal Biol 2021; 125:704-717. [PMID: 34420697 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cultivation of Agaricus bisporus is a large horticultural industry for many countries worldwide, where a single variety is almost grown exclusively. Mushroom virus X (MVX), a complex of multiple positive-sense single stranded RNA (ss(+)RNA) viruses, is a major pathogen of typical A. bisporus crops. MVX can manifest a variety of symptoms in crops and is highly infective and difficult to eradicate once established in host mycelium. Currently our knowledge regarding the molecular response of A. bisporus fruit bodies to MVX infection is limited. In order to study the response of different A. bisporus strains with different susceptibilities to MVX, we designed a model system to evaluate the in-vitro transmission of viruses in A. bisporus hyphae over a time-course, at two crucial phases in the crop cycle. The symptom expression of MVX in these varieties and the transcriptomic and proteomic response of fruit bodies to MVX-infection were examined. Transmission studies revealed the high potential of MVX to spread to uninfected mycelium yet not into the fruit bodies of certain strains in a crop. MVX affected colour and quality of multiple fruit bodies. Gene expression is significantly altered in all strains and between times of inoculation in the crop. Genes related to stress responses displayed differential expression. Proteomic responses revealed restriction of cellular signalling and vesicle transport in infected fruit bodies. This in-depth analysis examining many factors relevant to MVX infection in different A. bisporus strains, will provide key insights into host responses for this commercially important food crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin O'Connor
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - Sean Doyle
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Aniça Amini
- Sylvan-Somycel (ESSC - Unité 2), ZI SUD, Rue Lavoisier, BP 25, 37130 Langeais, France
| | - Helen Grogan
- Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - David A Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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Singhal RK, Saha D, Skalicky M, Mishra UN, Chauhan J, Behera LP, Lenka D, Chand S, Kumar V, Dey P, Indu, Pandey S, Vachova P, Gupta A, Brestic M, El Sabagh A. Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:670369. [PMID: 34484254 PMCID: PMC8414894 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.670369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In the era of rapid climate change, abiotic stresses are the primary cause for yield gap in major agricultural crops. Among them, salinity is considered a calamitous stress due to its global distribution and consequences. Salinity affects plant processes and growth by imposing osmotic stress and destroys ionic and redox signaling. It also affects phytohormone homeostasis, which leads to oxidative stress and eventually imbalances metabolic activity. In this situation, signaling compound crosstalk such as gasotransmitters [nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), calcium (Ca), reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and plant growth regulators (auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid) have a decisive role in regulating plant stress signaling and administer unfavorable circumstances including salinity stress. Moreover, recent significant progress in omics techniques (transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have helped to reinforce the deep understanding of molecular insight in multiple stress tolerance. Currently, there is very little information on gasotransmitters and plant growth regulator crosstalk and inadequacy of information regarding the integration of multi-omics technology during salinity stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the crucial cell signaling crosstalk mechanisms and integrative multi-omics techniques to provide a more direct approach for salinity stress tolerance. To address the above-mentioned words, this review covers the common mechanisms of signaling compounds and role of different signaling crosstalk under salinity stress tolerance. Thereafter, we mention the integration of different omics technology and compile recent information with respect to salinity stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debanjana Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Udit N. Mishra
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, India
| | - Jyoti Chauhan
- Narayan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Jamuhar, India
| | - Laxmi P. Behera
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Devidutta Lenka
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subhash Chand
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Prajjal Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, India
| | - Indu
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pavla Vachova
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aayushi Gupta
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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Zhu L, Zhang XQ, Ye D, Chen LQ. The Mildew Resistance Locus O 4 Interacts with CaM/CML and Is Involved in Root Gravity Response. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115962. [PMID: 34073116 PMCID: PMC8198571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-specific mildew resistance locus O (MLO) proteins, which contain seven transmembrane domains and a conserved calmodulin-binding domain, play important roles in many plant developmental processes. However, their mechanisms that regulate plant development remain unclear. Here, we report the functional characterization of the MLO4 protein in Arabidopsis roots. The MLO4 was identified as interacting with CML12 in a screening for the interaction between the proteins from Arabidopsis MLO and calmodulin/calmodulin-like (CaM/CML) families using yeast two hybrid (Y2H) assays. Then, the interaction between MLO4 and CML12 was further verified by Luciferase Complementation Imaging (LCI) and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assays. Genetic analysis showed that the mlo4, cml12, and mlo4 cml12 mutants displayed similar defects in root gravity response. These results imply that the MLO4 might play an important role in root gravity response through interaction with CML12. Moreover, our results also demonstrated that the interaction between the MLO and CaM/CML families might be conservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - De Ye
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
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Ding L, Wu Z, Teng R, Xu S, Cao X, Yuan G, Zhang D, Teng N. LlWRKY39 is involved in thermotolerance by activating LlMBF1c and interacting with LlCaM3 in lily (Lilium longiflorum). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:36. [PMID: 33542226 PMCID: PMC7862462 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are of great importance in plant responses to different abiotic stresses. However, research on their roles in the regulation of thermotolerance remains limited. Here, we investigated the function of LlWRKY39 in the thermotolerance of lily (Lilium longiflorum 'white heaven'). According to multiple alignment analyses, LlWRKY39 is in the WRKY IId subclass and contains a potential calmodulin (CaM)-binding domain. Further analysis has shown that LlCaM3 interacts with LlWRKY39 by binding to its CaM-binding domain, and this interaction depends on Ca2+. LlWRKY39 was induced by heat stress (HS), and the LlWRKY39-GFP fusion protein was detected in the nucleus. The thermotolerance of lily and Arabidopsis was increased with the ectopic overexpression of LlWRKY39. The expression of heat-related genes AtHSFA1, AtHSFA2, AtMBF1c, AtGolS1, AtDREB2A, AtWRKY39, and AtHSP101 was significantly elevated in transgenic Arabidopsis lines, which might have promoted an increase in thermotolerance. Then, the promoter of LlMBF1c was isolated from lily, and LlWRKY39 was found to bind to the conserved W-box element in its promoter to activate its activity, suggesting that LlWRKY39 is an upstream regulator of LlMBF1c. In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that via protein interaction, LlCaM3 negatively affected LlWRKY39 in the transcriptional activation of LlMBF1c, which might be an important feedback regulation pathway to balance the LlWRKY39-mediated heat stress response (HSR). Collectively, these results imply that LlWRKY39 might participate in the HSR as an important regulator through Ca2+-CaM and multiprotein bridging factor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Renda Teng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Xing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- College of Life Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China
| | - Guozhen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Dehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China
| | - Nianjun Teng
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Baguazhou Science and Technology Innovation Center of Modern Horticulture Industry, Nanjing, 210043, China.
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Pirayesh N, Giridhar M, Ben Khedher A, Vothknecht UC, Chigri F. Organellar calcium signaling in plants: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118948. [PMID: 33421535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a versatile signaling transducer in all eukaryotic organisms. In plants, intracellular changes in free Ca2+ levels act as regulators in many growth and developmental processes. Ca2+ also mediates the cellular responses to environmental stimuli and thus plays an important role in providing stress tolerance to plants. Ca2+ signals are decoded by a tool kit of various families of Ca2+-binding proteins and their downstream targets, which mediate the transformation of the Ca2+ signal into appropriate cellular response. Early interest and research on Ca2+ signaling focused on its function in the cytosol, however it has become evident that this important regulatory pathway also exists in organelles such as nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria, peroxisomes and the endomembrane system. In this review, we give an overview on the knowledge about organellar Ca2+ signaling with a focus on recent advances and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Pirayesh
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maya Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ahlem Ben Khedher
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute C Vothknecht
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fatima Chigri
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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Noman M, Aysha J, Ketehouli T, Yang J, Du L, Wang F, Li H. Calmodulin binding transcription activators: An interplay between calcium signalling and plant stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 256:153327. [PMID: 33302232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, next to the secondary messengers lies an array of signal relaying molecules among which Calmodulins convey the unequivocal alarms of calcium influxes to Calmodulin-Binding Transcription Activators (CAMTA). Upon reception, CAMTA transcription factors decode the calcium signatures by transcribing the genes corresponding to the specific stimulus, thus have direct/indirect engagement in the complex signalling crosstalk. CAMTA transcription factors make an important contribution to the genome of all eukaryotes, including plants, from Brassica napus (18) to Carica papaya (2), the number of CAMTA genes varies across the plant species, however they exhibit a similar evolutionarily conserved domain organization including a DNA-Binding Domain (CG-1), a Transcription Factor Immunoglobulin Binding Domain (TIG), a Calmodulin-Binding Domain (CaMBD/IQ) and several Ankyrin repeats. The regulatory region of CAMTA genes possess multiple stress-responsive cis motifs including ABRE, SARE, G-box, W-box, AuXRE, DRE and others. CAMTA TFs in Arabidopsis have been studied extensively, however in other plants (with a few exceptions), the evidence merely bases upon expression analyses. CAMTAs are reported to orchestrate biotic as well as abiotic stresses including those occurring due to water and temperature fluctuations as well as heavy metals, light and salinity. Through CG-1 domain, CAMTA TFs bind the CG-box in the promoter of their target genes and modulate their expression under adverse conditions. Here we present a glimpse of how calcium signatures are coded and decoded and translated into necessary responses. In addition, we have emphasized on exploitation of the multiple-stress responsive nature of CAMTAs in engineering plants with desired traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Noman
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China.
| | - Jameel Aysha
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Linna Du
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Fawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Centre of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, 570228, Haikou, China.
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Iqbal Z, Shariq Iqbal M, Singh SP, Buaboocha T. Ca 2+/Calmodulin Complex Triggers CAMTA Transcriptional Machinery Under Stress in Plants: Signaling Cascade and Molecular Regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:598327. [PMID: 33343600 PMCID: PMC7744605 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.598327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) ion is a critical ubiquitous intracellular second messenger, acting as a lead currency for several distinct signal transduction pathways. Transient perturbations in free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) concentrations are indispensable for the translation of signals into adaptive biological responses. The transient increase in [Ca2+]cyt levels is sensed by an array of Ca2+ sensor relay proteins such as calmodulin (CaM), eventually leading to conformational changes and activation of CaM. CaM, in a Ca2+-dependent manner, regulates several transcription factors (TFs) that are implicated in various molecular, physiological, and biochemical functions in cells. CAMTA (calmodulin-binding transcription activator) is one such member of the Ca2+-loaded CaM-dependent family of TFs. The present review focuses on Ca2+ as a second messenger, its interaction with CaM, and Ca2+/CaM-mediated CAMTA transcriptional regulation in plants. The review recapitulates the molecular and physiological functions of CAMTA in model plants and various crops, confirming its probable involvement in stress signaling pathways and overall plant development. Studying Ca2+/CaM-mediated CAMTA TF will help in answering key questions concerning signaling cascades and molecular regulation under stress conditions and plant growth, thus improving our knowledge for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iqbal
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Shariq Iqbal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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36
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Yang S, Xiong X, Arif S, Gao L, Zhao L, Shah IH, Zhang Y. A calmodulin-like CmCML13 from Cucumis melo improved transgenic Arabidopsis salt tolerance through reduced shoot's Na +, and also improved drought resistance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:271-283. [PMID: 32795909 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are a large family involved in plant biological processes. A calmodulin-like gene CmCML13 (GenBank accession number: MT340534) from melon (Cucumis melo L.) was isolated and functionally analyzed. CmCML13 was predicted to possess 3 EF-hands in which only the first EF-hand could bind with Ca2+. Subcellular localization assay revealed that CmCML13 was localized in nucleus, cell membrane, vacuolar membrane and cytoplasmic strand. The transcript level of CmCML13 was temporally and spatially regulated under salt stress. Constitutive expression of CmCML13 in the Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced salt tolerance at seeds germination. CmCML13 improved the transgenic Arabidopsis plants salt tolerance by significantly reducing Na+ content of shoots, which was unrelated to HKT1-involving pathway. Moreover, overexpressing of CmCML13 in Arabidopsis showed stronger drought tolerance. This study demonstrates that the CmCML13 is an important multifunctional protein associated with salt and drought stress, which may play a key role in stress signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Xue Xiong
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Samiah Arif
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Liwei Gao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Shah
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yidong Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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37
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Sun Q, Yu S, Guo Z. Calmodulin-Like (CML) Gene Family in Medicago truncatula: Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7142. [PMID: 32992668 PMCID: PMC7582678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger in mediating adaptation responses of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses. Calmodulin-like (CML) protein is an important calcium-signaling protein that can sense and decode Ca2+ signal in plants. Medicago truncatula is a model legume plant; however, investigations of MtCML proteins are limited. Using genome analysis and BLAST database searches, fifty MtCML proteins that possess EF-hand motifs were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CML homologs between M. truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa shared close relationships. Gene structure analysis revealed that these MtCML genes contained one to four conserved EF-hand motifs. All MtCMLs are localized to eight chromosomes and underwent gene duplication. In addition, MtCML genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of M. truncatula. Cis-acting elements in promoter region and expression analysis revealed the potential response of MtCML protein to abiotic stress and hormones. The results provide a basis of further functional research on the MtCML gene family and facilitate their potential use for applications in the genetic improvement on M. truncatula in drought, cold and salt stress environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
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Abstract
Drought is a severe environmental constraint, which significantly affects plant growth, productivity, and quality. Plants have developed specific mechanisms that perceive the stress signals and respond to external environmental changes via different mitigation strategies. Abscisic acid (ABA), being one of the phytohormones, serves as an important signaling mediator for plants’ adaptive response to a variety of environmental stresses. ABA triggers many physiological processes, including bud dormancy, seed germination, stomatal closure, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive gene expression. The site of its biosynthesis and action must be clarified to understand the signaling network of ABA. Various studies have documented multiple sites for ABA biosynthesis, their transporter proteins in the plasma membrane, and several components of ABA-dependent signaling pathways, suggesting that the ABA response to external stresses is a complex networking mechanism. Knowing about stress signals and responses will increase our ability to enhance crop stress tolerance through the use of various advanced techniques. This review will elaborate on the ABA biosynthesis, transportation, and signaling pathways at the molecular level in response to drought stress, which will add a new insight for future studies.
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Pérez-Alonso MM, Guerrero-Galán C, Scholz SS, Kiba T, Sakakibara H, Ludwig-Müller J, Krapp A, Oelmüller R, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Pollmann S. Harnessing symbiotic plant-fungus interactions to unleash hidden forces from extreme plant ecosystems. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3865-3877. [PMID: 31976537 PMCID: PMC7316966 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is arguably one of the biggest threats of modern times and has already led to a wide range of impacts on the environment, economy, and society. Owing to past emissions and climate system inertia, global climate change is predicted to continue for decades even if anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions were to stop immediately. In many regions, such as central Europe and the Mediterranean region, the temperature is likely to rise by 2-5 °C and annual precipitation is predicted to decrease. Expected heat and drought periods followed by floods, and unpredictable growing seasons, are predicted to have detrimental effects on agricultural production systems, causing immense economic losses and food supply problems. To mitigate the risks of climate change, agricultural innovations counteracting these effects need to be embraced and accelerated. To achieve maximum improvement, the required agricultural innovations should not focus only on crops but rather pursue a holistic approach including the entire ecosystem. Over millions of years, plants have evolved in close association with other organisms, particularly soil microbes that have shaped their evolution and contemporary ecology. Many studies have already highlighted beneficial interactions among plants and the communities of microorganisms with which they coexist. Questions arising from these discoveries are whether it will be possible to decipher a common molecular pattern and the underlying biochemical framework of interspecies communication, and whether such knowledge can be used to improve agricultural performance under environmental stress conditions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of plant interactions with fungal endosymbionts found in extreme ecosystems. Special attention will be paid to the interaction of plants with the symbiotic root-colonizing endophytic fungus Serendipita indica, which has been developed as a model system for beneficial plant-fungus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta-Marina Pérez-Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Carmen Guerrero-Galán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Sandra S Scholz
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Anne Krapp
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
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Shi J, Du X. Identification, characterization and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like proteins in Solanum pennellii. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7474. [PMID: 32366918 PMCID: PMC7198499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, the calmodulin (CaM) proteins is an important calcium-binding protein, which play a crucial role in both regulating plant growth and development, as well as in the resistance mechanisms to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is limited knowledge available on the CaM family functions in Solanum pennellii, a wild tomato species utilized as a genetic resource for cultivated tomatoes. In this study, 6 CaM (SpCaM) and 45 CaM-like (SpCML) genes from Solanum pennellii were selected for bioinformatics analysis to obtain insights into their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, chromosomal locations, and promoters. The results showed that the 6 SpCaM proteins contained 4 EF-hand domains each, and the 45 SpCML proteins had 2-4 EF-hand domains. The 51 CaM and CaM-like genes contained different intron/exon patterns and they were unevenly distributed across the 12 chromosomes of S. pennellii. The results of the analysis of the conserved motifs and promoter cis-regulatory elements also indicated that these proteins were involved in the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the SpCaM and SpCML genes had broad expression patterns in abiotic stress conditions and with hormone treatments, in different tissues. The findings of this study will be important for further investigations of the calcium signal transduction mechanisms under stress conditions and lay a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of plant resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Shi
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangge Du
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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41
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Deo TG, Ferreira RCU, Lara LAC, Moraes ACL, Alves-Pereira A, de Oliveira FA, Garcia AAF, Santos MF, Jank L, de Souza AP. High-Resolution Linkage Map With Allele Dosage Allows the Identification of Regions Governing Complex Traits and Apospory in Guinea Grass ( Megathyrsus maximus). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:15. [PMID: 32161603 PMCID: PMC7054243 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Forage grasses are mainly used in animal feed to fatten cattle and dairy herds, and guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is considered one of the most productive of the tropical forage crops that reproduce by seeds. Due to the recent process of domestication, this species has several genomic complexities, such as autotetraploidy and aposporous apomixis. Consequently, approaches that relate phenotypic and genotypic data are incipient. In this context, we built a linkage map with allele dosage and generated novel information of the genetic architecture of traits that are important for the breeding of M. maximus. From a full-sib progeny, a linkage map containing 858 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with allele dosage information expected for an autotetraploid was obtained. The high genetic variability of the progeny allowed us to map 10 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to agronomic traits, such as regrowth capacity and total dry matter, and 36 QTLs related to nutritional quality, which were distributed among all homology groups (HGs). Various overlapping regions associated with the quantitative traits suggested QTL hotspots. In addition, we were able to map one locus that controls apospory (apo-locus) in HG II. A total of 55 different gene families involved in cellular metabolism and plant growth were identified from markers adjacent to the QTLs and APOSPORY locus using the Panicum virgatum genome as a reference in comparisons with the genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Our results provide a better understanding of the genetic basis of reproduction by apomixis and traits important for breeding programs that considerably influence animal productivity as well as the quality of meat and milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamiris G. Deo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rebecca C. U. Ferreira
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Letícia A. C. Lara
- Genetics Department, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz,” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Aline C. L. Moraes
- Plant Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda A. de Oliveira
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio A. F. Garcia
- Genetics Department, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz,” University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mateus F. Santos
- Embrapa Beef Cattle, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Liana Jank
- Embrapa Beef Cattle, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Anete P. de Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Plant Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Plasma Membrane Ca 2+ Permeable Mechanosensitive Channel OsDMT1 Is Involved in Regulation of Plant Architecture and Ion Homeostasis in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031097. [PMID: 32046032 PMCID: PMC7037369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture is an important factor for crop production. Plant height, tiller pattern, and panicle morphology are decisive factors for high grain yield in rice. Here, we isolated and characterized a T-DNA insertion rice mutant Osdmt1 (Oryza sativa dwarf and multi-tillering1) that exhibited a severe dwarf phenotype and multi-tillering. Molecular cloning revealed that DMT1 encodes a plasma membrane protein that was identified as a putative Ca2+ permeable mechanosensitive channel. The transcript expression level was significantly higher in the dmt1 mutant compared to wild type (WT). Additionally, the dmt1 homozygous mutant displayed a stronger phenotype than that of the WT and heterozygous seedlings after gibberellic acid (GA) treatment. RNA-seq and iTRAQ-based proteome analyses were performed between the dmt1 mutant and WT. The transcriptome profile revealed that several genes involved in GA and strigolactone (SL) biosyntheses were altered in the dmt1 mutant. Ca2+ and other ion concentrations were significantly enhanced in the dmt1 mutant, suggesting that DMT1 contributes to the accumulation of several ions in rice. Moreover, several EF-hand Ca2+ sensors, including CMLs (CaM-like proteins) and CDPKs (calcium-dependent protein kinases), displayed markedly altered transcript expression and protein levels in the dmt1 mutant. Overall, these findings aid in the elucidation of the multiply regulatory roles of OsDMT1/OsMCA1 in rice.
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Tarnowski K, Klimecka M, Ciesielski A, Goch G, Kulik A, Fedak H, Poznański J, Lichocka M, Pierechod M, Engh RA, Dadlez M, Dobrowolska G, Bucholc M. Two SnRK2-Interacting Calcium Sensor Isoforms Negatively Regulate SnRK2 Activity by Different Mechanisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1142-1160. [PMID: 31699848 PMCID: PMC6997710 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s) are key signaling elements regulating abscisic acid-dependent plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Our previous data showed that the SnRK2-interacting Calcium Sensor (SCS) inhibits SnRK2 activity. Use of alternative transcription start sites located within the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtSCS gene results in two in-frame transcripts and subsequently two proteins, that differ only by the sequence position of the N terminus. We previously described the longer AtSCS-A, and now describe the shorter AtSCS-B and compare the two isoforms. The two isoforms differ substantially in their expression profiles in plant organs and in response to environmental stresses, in their calcium binding properties, and in their conformational dynamics in the presence and absence of Ca2+ Only AtSCS-A has the features of a calcium sensor. Both forms inhibit SnRK2 activity, but while AtSCS-A requires calcium for inhibition, AtSCS-B does not. Analysis of Arabidopsis plants stably expressing 35S::AtSCS-A-c-myc or 35S::AtSCS-B-c-myc in the scs-1 knockout mutant background revealed that, in planta, both forms are negative regulators of abscisic acid-induced SnRK2 activity and regulate plant resistance against water deficit. Moreover, the data highlight biochemical, biophysical, and functional properties of EF-hand-like motifs in plant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Tarnowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Klimecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Ciesielski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Warsaw University, Department of Chemistry, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Goch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kulik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Fedak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Poznański
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lichocka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Pierechod
- The Norwegian Center for Structure Biology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Richard A Engh
- The Norwegian Center for Structure Biology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Michał Dadlez
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Warsaw, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Dobrowolska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Bucholc
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Vigani G, Costa A. Harnessing the new emerging imaging technologies to uncover the role of Ca 2+ signalling in plant nutrient homeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2885-2901. [PMID: 31286524 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Increasing crop yields by using ecofriendly practices is of high priority to tackle problems regarding food security and malnutrition worldwide. A sustainable crop production requires a limited use of fertilizer and the employment of plant varieties with improved ability to acquire nutrients from soil. To reach these goals, the scientific community aims to understand plant nutrients homeostasis by deciphering the nutrient sensing and signalling mechanisms of plants. Several lines of evidence about the involvement of Ca2+ as the signal of an impaired nutrient availability have been reported. Ca2+ signalling is a tightly regulated process that requires specific protein toolkits to perceive external stimuli and to induce the specific responses in the plant needed to survive. Here, we summarize both older and recent findings concerning the involvement of Ca2+ signalling in the homeostasis of nutrients. In this review, we present new emerging technologies, based on the use of genetically encoded Ca2+ sensors and advanced microscopy, which offer the chance to perform in planta analyses of Ca2+ dynamics at cellular resolution. The harnessing of these technologies with different genetic backgrounds and subjected to different nutritional stresses will provide important insights to the still little-known mechanisms of nutrient sensing in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Vigani
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, 10135, Italy
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
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Hazak O, Mamon E, Lavy M, Sternberg H, Behera S, Schmitz-Thom I, Bloch D, Dementiev O, Gutman I, Danziger T, Schwarz N, Abuzeineh A, Mockaitis K, Estelle M, Hirsch JA, Kudla J, Yalovsky S. A novel Ca2+-binding protein that can rapidly transduce auxin responses during root growth. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000085. [PMID: 31295257 PMCID: PMC6650080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling cross talks between auxin, a regulator of plant development, and Ca2+, a universal second messenger, have been proposed to modulate developmental plasticity in plants. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report that in Arabidopsis roots, auxin elicits specific Ca2+ signaling patterns that spatially coincide with the expression pattern of auxin-regulated genes. We have identified the single EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein Ca2+-dependent modulator of ICR1 (CMI1) as an interactor of the Rho of plants (ROP) effector interactor of constitutively active ROP (ICR1). CMI1 expression is directly up-regulated by auxin, whereas the loss of function of CMI1 associates with the repression of auxin-induced Ca2+ increases in the lateral root cap and vasculature, indicating that CMI1 represses early auxin responses. In agreement, cmi1 mutants display an increased auxin response including shorter primary roots, longer root hairs, longer hypocotyls, and altered lateral root formation. Binding to ICR1 affects subcellular localization of CMI1 and its function. The interaction between CMI1 and ICR1 is Ca2+-dependent and involves a conserved hydrophobic pocket in CMI1 and calmodulin binding-like domain in ICR1. Remarkably, CMI1 is monomeric in solution and in vitro changes its secondary structure at cellular resting Ca2+ concentrations ranging between 10-9 and 10-8 M. Hence, CMI1 is a Ca2+-dependent transducer of auxin-regulated gene expression, which can function in a cell-specific fashion at steady-state as well as at elevated cellular Ca2+ levels to regulate auxin responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ora Hazak
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Mamon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Meirav Lavy
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hasana Sternberg
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Smrutisanjita Behera
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ina Schmitz-Thom
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daria Bloch
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Olga Dementiev
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itay Gutman
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Danziger
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Netanel Schwarz
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anas Abuzeineh
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keithanne Mockaitis
- Department of Biology, University of Indiana, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Mark Estelle
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Joel A. Hirsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Shaul Yalovsky
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Li C, Meng D, Zhang J, Cheng L. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in apple (Malus × domestica). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:600-612. [PMID: 31030028 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels in response to developmental processes or external stimuli serve as signals in eukaryotic cells. These Ca2+ signals are likely perceived through sensor proteins that bind Ca2+ by EF-hand (a helix-loop-helix structure) motif. Calmodulins (CaMs), a group of well-characterized Ca2+ sensors, and calmodulin-like (CMLs) are implicated in a large number of diverse cellular processes, including plant development and stress responses. In this study, apple (Malus × domestica) genes encoding CaM and CML proteins that only possess EF-hand motifs with no other functional domains were analyzed. A total of 4 MdCaM and 58 MdCML genes were identified, which are spread among 16 out of the 17 apple chromosomes. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein characteristics, conserved domain, evolutionary relationships and chromosomal locations, demonstrated the conservation and divergence of MdCaMs/CMLs. In addition, expression analysis showed that MdCaMs/CMLs are expressed in more than one tissue, including shoot tips, roots, mature leaves, flowers and fruit. Furthermore, the expression of some MdCaM/CML members responded to plant hormones (abscisic acid, jasmonic acid) and salt stress, suggesting a potential role of these genes in responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Overexpression of stress-induced MdCML3 gene significantly improved the tolerance of apple calli to salinity and ABA. The identification and characterization of MdCaMs/CMLs in apple lays a foundation for future functional studies of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Li
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding By Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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47
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Schubert M, Grønvold L, Sandve SR, Hvidsten TR, Fjellheim S. Evolution of Cold Acclimation and Its Role in Niche Transition in the Temperate Grass Subfamily Pooideae. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:404-419. [PMID: 30850470 PMCID: PMC6501083 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The grass subfamily Pooideae dominates the grass floras in cold temperate regions and has evolved complex physiological adaptations to cope with extreme environmental conditions like frost, winter, and seasonality. One such adaptation is cold acclimation, wherein plants increase their frost tolerance in response to gradually falling temperatures and shorter days in the autumn. However, understanding how complex traits like cold acclimation evolve remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Here, we investigated the evolution of cold acclimation in Pooideae and found that a phylogenetically diverse set of Pooideae species displayed cold acclimation capacity. However, comparing differential gene expression after cold treatment in transcriptomes of five phylogenetically diverse species revealed widespread species-specific responses of genes with conserved sequences. Furthermore, we studied the correlation between gene family size and number of cold-responsive genes as well as between selection pressure on coding sequences of genes and their cold responsiveness. We saw evidence of protein-coding and regulatory sequence evolution as well as the origin of novel genes and functions contributing toward evolution of a cold response in Pooideae. Our results reflect that selection pressure resulting from global cooling must have acted on already diverged lineages. Nevertheless, conservation of cold-induced gene expression of certain genes indicates that the Pooideae ancestor may have possessed some molecular machinery to mitigate cold stress. Evolution of adaptations to seasonally cold climates is regarded as particularly difficult. How Pooideae evolved to transition from tropical to temperate biomes sheds light on how complex traits evolve in the light of climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Schubert
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway
| | - Lars Grønvold
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway
| | - Simen R Sandve
- Centre for Integrative Genetics, Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway
| | - Torgeir R Hvidsten
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden
| | - Siri Fjellheim
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway
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Yuan J, Liu T, Yu Z, Li Y, Ren H, Hou X, Li Y. Genome-wide analysis of the Chinese cabbage IQD gene family and the response of BrIQD5 in drought resistance. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:603-620. [PMID: 30783953 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Thirty-five IQD genes were identified and analysed in Chinese cabbage and BrIQD5 transgenic plants enhanced the drought resistance of plants. The IQD (IQ67-domain) family plays an important role in various abiotic stress responses in plant species. However, the roles of IQD genes in the Chinese cabbage response to abiotic stress remain unclear. Here, 35 IQD genes, from BrIQD1 to BrIQD35, were identified in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, these genes were clustered into three subfamilies (I-III), and members within the same subfamilies shared conserved exon-intron distribution and motif composition. The 35 BrIQD genes were unevenly distributed on 9 of the 10 chromosomes with 4 segmental duplication events. Ka/Ks ratios showed that the duplicated BrIQDs had mainly experienced strong purifying selection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of 35 BrIQDs under PEG6000 indicated that BrIQD5 was significantly induced by PEG6000. To verify BrIQD5 function, BrIQD5 was heterologously overexpressed in tobacco and was silenced in Chinese cabbage. BrIQD5-overexpressed plants showed more tolerance to drought stress than wild-type plants, while BrIQD5-silenced plants in Chinese cabbage showed decreased drought tolerance. Additionally, six BrIQD5 potential interactive proteins were isolated by the yeast two-hybrid assay, including BrCaMa, BrCaMb and four other stress-related proteins. Motif IQ1 of BrIQD5 is important for the interaction with BrCaMa and BrCaMb, and the isoleucine in motif IQ1 is an essential amino acid for calmodulin binding to BrIQD5. The identification and cloning of the new Chinese cabbage drought tolerance genes will promote the drought-resistant breeding of Chinese cabbage and help to better understand the mechanism of IQD involved in the drought tolerance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tongkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhanghong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haibo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Yang Z, Wang C, Xue Y, Liu X, Chen S, Song C, Yang Y, Guo Y. Calcium-activated 14-3-3 proteins as a molecular switch in salt stress tolerance. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1199. [PMID: 30867421 PMCID: PMC6416337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a universal secondary messenger that triggers many cellular responses. However, it is unclear how a calcium signal is coordinately decoded by different calcium sensors, which in turn regulate downstream targets to fulfill a specific physiological function. Here we show that SOS2-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE5 (PKS5) can negatively regulate the Salt-Overly-Sensitive signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. PKS5 can interact with and phosphorylate SOS2 at Ser294, promote the interaction between SOS2 and 14-3-3 proteins, and repress SOS2 activity. However, salt stress promotes an interaction between 14-3-3 proteins and PKS5, repressing its kinase activity and releasing inhibition of SOS2. We provide evidence that 14-3-3 proteins bind to Ca2+, and that Ca2+ modulates 14-3-3-dependent regulation of SOS2 and PKS5 kinase activity. Our results suggest that a salt-induced calcium signal is decoded by 14-3-3 and SOS3/SCaBP8 proteins, which selectively activate/inactivate the downstream protein kinases SOS2 and PKS5 to regulate Na+ homeostasis by coordinately mediating plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter and H+-ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Chongwu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - ChunPeng Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, 475001, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
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50
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Tortosa M, Cartea ME, Velasco P, Soengas P, Rodriguez VM. Calcium-signaling proteins mediate the plant transcriptomic response during a well-established Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris infection. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:103. [PMID: 31645958 PMCID: PMC6804691 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The plant immune system is divided into two branches; one branch is based on the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP-triggered immunity), and the other relies on pathogenic effector detection (effector-triggered immunity). Despite each branch being involved in different complex mechanisms, both lead to transcription reprogramming and, thus, changes in plant metabolism. To study the defense mechanisms involved in the Brassica oleracea-Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) interaction, we analyzed the plant transcriptome dynamics at 3 and 12 days postinoculation (dpi) by using massive analysis of 3'-cDNA ends. We identified more induced than repressed transcripts at both 3 and 12 dpi, although the response was greater at 12 dpi. Changes in the expression of genes related to the early infection stages were only detected at 12 dpi, suggesting that the timing of triggered defenses is crucial to plant survival. qPCR analyses in susceptible and resistant plants allowed us to highlight the potential role of two calcium-signaling proteins, CBP60g and SARD1, in the resistance against Xcc. This role was subsequently confirmed using Arabidopsis knockout mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tortosa
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), PO Box 28 E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Maria E. Cartea
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), PO Box 28 E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Pablo Velasco
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), PO Box 28 E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Pilar Soengas
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), PO Box 28 E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Victor M. Rodriguez
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassicas, Misión Biológica de Galicia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), PO Box 28 E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain
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