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Vie TL, Hufthammer KO, Rangul V, Andersen JR, Meland E, Breidablik HJ. Patterns of physical activity over 34 years in a large sample of adults: The HUNT study, Norway. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:669-677. [PMID: 37249133 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231174947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine physical activity patterns over 34 years in a representative adult population in Norway. METHODS Longitudinal data were obtained from the Helseundersøkelsen i Trøndelag (HUNT) study, performed in 1984-1986 (HUNT1), 2006-2008 (HUNT3) and 2017-2019 (HUNT4). There were a total 123,005 participants across all four studies. Physical activity patterns over time are described, in relation to age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data. RESULTS The proportion of adults estimated (using a proxy measure) as being physically active 1 h or more per week increased from 32% in 1984-1986 (HUNT1) to 64% in 2017-2019 (HUNT4). The most frequent pattern was being inactive at HUNT1, becoming active at HUNT3 and staying active (until HUNT4). From HUNT3 to HUNT4, the most frequent pattern was being active at both time points. The adults >50 years old had a similar physical activity pattern from HUNT3 to HUNT4 and were more active than those >50 years. During the period, men were more active than woman, but difference was reduced over time. Both for persons being underweight (BMI ⩽ 18.5) or obese (BMI > 30), the proportion being active at multiple time points was lower than for persons at normal weight. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate a noticeable increase in being physically active for 1 h or more per week during the 34-year study period. Relatively stable patterns of physical activity were identified, with some variations according to age, gender and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vegar Rangul
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Jon R Andersen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway
| | - Eivind Meland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
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Cao M, Yusof HA, Chen J, Jalil MF, Rahim SK, Abdullah MZ. The effect of exercise rehabilitation with exergames combined with ice therapy in the treatment of obese patients with gout: protocol for a clinical trial. Trials 2024; 25:404. [PMID: 38907256 PMCID: PMC11191328 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gout remains a leading cause of inflammatory arthritis worldwide, and the main risk factor for gout is persistent hyperuricemia. The clinical management of gout is mostly drug-based, and other treatment options are often ignored. This research proposal will explore whether exergames combined with ice therapy can help patients with gout to lose weight, relieve pain, improve the range of movement, improve quality of life, decrease uric acid level, decrease kinesiophobia and improve mental health of patients with gout. METHODS This experiment will use a two-arm randomized controlled design. The study setting is at the Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Obese patients with gout (N = 30) will be randomly assigned to the control group (receive an exergames intervention) and intervention group (receive an exergames intervention combined with ice therapy). The outcomes measurement will be conducted before (baseline) and after intervention (4 weeks). Then, it will be followed up at 12 weeks. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, no study has investigated the effect of exergames and ice therapy among gout patients. This study is expected to demonstrate that exercise rehabilitation facilitated by exergames with ice therapy is more effective in gout management compared to a conventional rehabilitation intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300070029). Registered on 31 March 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manting Cao
- Department of Community Health, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Mogan Road, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Hazwani Ahmad Yusof
- Department of Community Health, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia.
| | - Jianer Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Mogan Road, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
| | - Mohd Faizal Jalil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Siti Khairizan Rahim
- Internal Medicine Unit, USM Bertam Medical Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Zulfadhli Abdullah
- Internal Medicine Unit, USM Bertam Medical Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
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Dakanalis A, Voulgaridou G, Alexatou O, Papadopoulou SK, Jacovides C, Pritsa A, Chrysafi M, Papacosta E, Kapetanou MG, Tsourouflis G, Antonopoulou M, Mitsiou M, Antasouras G, Giaginis C. Overweight and Obesity Is Associated with Higher Risk of Perceived Stress and Poor Sleep Quality in Young Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:983. [PMID: 38929600 PMCID: PMC11206025 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Overweight and obesity are growing public health challenges, particularly concerning young adults. University life presents a unique set of stressors that may influence weight management alongside sleep quality. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the association between overweight or obesity, stress, and sleep quality in a large sample of Greek university students. Materials and Methods: The study recruited 2116 active students from across various Greek universities. Participants completed questionnaires on sociodemographics, academic performance, and physical activity levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Stress and sleep quality were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Body weight and height were directly measured to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Results: Our analysis of 2116 Greek university students revealed significant associations between various factors and overweight/obesity. Compared to their rural counterparts, young adults in urban areas had an 88% higher prevalence of overweight/obesity (p = 0.0056). Regular smokers were twice as likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.0012). Notably, those with low physical activity levels displayed a more than two-fold increased risk (p = 0.0008) compared to those with moderate or high activity levels. Similarly, students with moderate or high perceived stress levels had a more than two-fold prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to those with low stress (p = 0.0005). Inadequate sleep quality was also associated with an 86% higher risk of overweight/obesity (p = 0.0007). Interestingly, good academic performance showed a 57% greater prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to very good/excellent performance (p = 0.0103). Conclusions: Our findings reveal that perceived stress and poor sleep quality are significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in this young adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Constantina Jacovides
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Agathi Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Elena Papacosta
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Education and Social Sciences, Frederick University, 3080 Limassol, Cyprus;
| | - Maria G. Kapetanou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Marina Antonopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Maria Mitsiou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
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Haug E, Rønnestad M, Smith ORF. Physical activity, problematic gaming behavior, and quality of life prior and during the first 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a longitudinal study among university students. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14666. [PMID: 38802723 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generally, there is limited information on longitudinal trends and the interrelations between physical activity (PA), problematic gaming behavior (PGB), described as a dysfunctional pattern of videogame activities, and quality of life (QoL) based on data that include measurements from both pre- and postpandemic onset. This is also the case for university students. As society faced unprecedented restrictions during this period, these aspects may have developed unfavorably. OBJECTIVE To examine PA, PGB, and QoL among Norwegian University students prior to and during the initial stages of the pandemic and assess their temporal interrelations. METHOD The data are derived from the "Students' Psychological Health Over Time" study (SPOT). Linear mixed models were used to examine the development from January 2020 to November 2020 over three time points for the total sample and across gender. A traditional cross-lagged panel model analysis was used to estimate temporal associations. Age, gender, socioeconomic status, and partner status were included as covariates. FINDINGS PA and QoL decreased linearly over time (Cohen's d = 0.12 and 0.35, respectively), while only male students reported a small reduction in PGB (Cohen's d = 0.03). PA levels decreased considerably more for male students than female students (Cohen's d = 0.17 and 0.09, respectively). There was a small reciprocal negative temporal association between PA and PGB (standardized β = -0.04 and -0.05, respectively). All other temporal associations were not statistically significant in the adjusted analysis. CONCLUSION The findings highlight gender-variant negative developments in PA and QoL and suggest a negative reciprocal interrelation between PA and PGB. The findings point to potential adverse health effects that should be taken into account when restrictive pandemic measures are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mathilde Rønnestad
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Otto Robert Frans Smith
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
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Govindasamy K, Gogoi H, Jebabli N, Bediri SM, Aljahni M, Parpa K, Clark CCT, Granacher U, Zouhal H. The effects of kettlebell training versus resistance training using the own body mass on physical fitness and physiological adaptations in obese adults: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:106. [PMID: 38715134 PMCID: PMC11077891 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to explore the effects of different types of resistance training using kettlebells versus the own body mass, in comparison to a passive control, on key physical fitness and physiological parameters in young, obese adults. METHODS Data from 60 sedentary, obese male college students, aged 17-26, were used for final analyses. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG, n = 20, no training), a kettlebell resistance training group (KRTG, n = 20), or a bodyweight resistance training group (BWRTG, n = 20). Selected measures of physical fitness were tested using the 12-minutes run test, the push-up test, the sit-up test, and the sit-and-reach test. Physiological measures included vital capacity, resting and maximum heart rate (HRmax), mean arterial blood pressure, breath holding time, and respiratory rate. Biochemical variables were measured in the morning, in a fasted state, and comprised high and low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The 12-weeks progressive KRTG and BWRTG were specifically tailored using sets, repetitions, and intensity levels. RESULTS Notable findings include significant body fat reductions in BWRTG (p < 0.001; d = 1.53) and KRTG (p < 0.001; d = 1.43), and a substantial increase in VO2max for BWRTG (p < 0.001; d = 1.32) and KRTG (p < 0.001; d = 1.34) compared to CG. KRTG also showed significant improvements in vital capacity (p < 0.001; d = 1.61) and reductions in resting heart rate (p = 0.024, d = 1.05) and respiratory rate (p = 0.001, d = 1.55), with BWRTG showing similar trends (resting heart rate: p = 0.041, d = 1.35; respiratory rate: p = 0.001, d = 1.98). Both intervention groups significantly improved breath holding time (KRTG: p = 0.001, d = 1.58; BWRTG: p < 0.001, d = 1.98) and reduced total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels compared to CG. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that both KRTG and BWRTG are effective in improving body composition and selected fitness and physiological measures. Thus, resistance training using kettlebells or bodyweight training are recommended if the goal is to improve body composition and fitness in obese male adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION OSF, September, 28th 2023. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z6Y9Gosf.io/2mb98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Hemantajit Gogoi
- Department of Physical Education, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India
| | - Nidhal Jebabli
- Research Unit: Sport Sciences, Health and Movement, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR22JS01, University of Jendouba, Kef, 7100, Tunisia
| | | | - Mohammed Aljahni
- College of Arts and Humanities, Department of Educational Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koulla Parpa
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, UCLan University of Cyprus, Pyla, Cyprus
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
- College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, B15 3TN, UK
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg Sandfangweg 4, 79102, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé), EA 1274, Rennes, F-35000, France.
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2IS), Irodouer, 35850, France.
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Rehman S, Addas A, Rahman MA, Shahiman MA, Li Z. Sequential mediation analysis of physical activity, healthy diet, BMI, and academic burnout in the Pakistani educational landscape. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7737. [PMID: 38565564 PMCID: PMC10987614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Research has indicated a negative impact of physical activity on academic burnout among students, however, there is a paucity of evidence about the underlying mechanism of this association in Pakistani students. The present research seeks to investigate the relationship between physical activity and academic burnout by investigating the potential mediating effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and body mass index (BMI). A sample of 596 students using a cross-sectional survey design was gathered from two public universities (Riphah International University and Mohammed Ali Jinnah University) in Rawalpindi, Pakistan from June to July 2022. The study participants were asked to fill out the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, the Learning Burnout Scale, and the Test of Adherence to MD questionnaires. The study employed descriptive, bivariate, and path analysis through regression utilizing the SPSS software version 27. The findings demonstrated a negative correlation between academic burnout and BMI, physical activity, and adherence to the MD. The relationship between physical activity and academic burnout was mediated by BMI. Physical activity and academic burnout were inversely correlated, with adherence to the MD and BMI interacting as sequential mediators. The outcomes of this research have expanded our knowledge of the association between physical activity and academic burnout and have suggested crucial and appropriate strategies for addressing student academic burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Abdullah Addas
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Landscape Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80210, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Accounting, Data Analytics, Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ali Shahiman
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Turnquist BE, MacIver PH, Katzel LI, Waldstein SR. Interactive Relations of Body Mass Index, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Sex to Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024:acae018. [PMID: 38486431 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The course of cognitive aging is influenced by multiple health factors. This cross-sectional study investigated the interactive relations between body mass index (BMI), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and sex on neuropsychological outcomes in community-dwelling predominantly older adults. METHODS Participants were 164 healthy adults [M (SD) = 64.6 (12.5) years, 56% men, 87% white] who participated in an investigation of cardiovascular risk factors and brain health. Multivariable regression analysis, adjusted for age, education, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and depression, examined the interactive relations of BMI, VO2max, and sex to multiple neuropsychological outcomes. RESULTS Significant BMI*VO2max*sex interactions for Grooved Pegboard dominant (p = .019) and nondominant (p = .005) hands revealed that men with lower VO2max (l/min) displayed worse performance with each hand as BMI increased (p's < .02). A significant BMI*sex interaction for Logical Memory-Delayed Recall (p = .036) (after adjustment for blood glucose) showed that men, but not women, with higher BMI demonstrated worse performance (p = .036). Lastly, significant main effects indicated that lower VO2max was related to poorer logical memory, and higher BMI was associated with poorer Trail Making B and Stroop interference scores (p's < .05). CONCLUSIONS Among men, higher cardiorespiratory fitness may protect against the negative impact of greater BMI on manual dexterity and motor speed, making VO2max a target for intervention. Higher BMI is further associated with poorer executive function and verbal memory (in men), and lower VO2max is associated with poorer verbal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Eric Turnquist
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Peter H MacIver
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leslie I Katzel
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shari R Waldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Feng S, Yang L, Dou S, Li X, Wen S, Yan L, Huang W, Zhang Y, Ma B, Yuan L, Li S, Lu P, Guo Y. Associations between long-term ozone exposure and small airways function in Chinese young adults: a longitudinal cohort study. Respir Res 2024; 25:105. [PMID: 38419020 PMCID: PMC10902944 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence is appearing that ozone has adverse effects on health. However, the association between long-term ozone exposure and lung function is still inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between long-term exposure to ozone and lung function in Chinese young adults. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study among 1594 college students with a mean age of 19.2 years at baseline in Shandong, China from September 2020 to September 2021. Lung function indicators were measured in September 2020 and September 2021, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced expiratory flow at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile of the FVC (FEF25, FEF50, and FEF75) and mean flow rate between 25% and 75% of the FVC (FEF25-75) were measured. Daily 10 km×10 km ozone concentrations come from a well-validated data-fusion approach. The time-weighted average concentrations in 12 months before the lung function test were defined as the long-term ozone exposure. The associations between long-term ozone exposure and lung function indicators in Chinese young adults were investigated using a linear mixed effects model, followed by stratified analyses regarding sex, BMI and history of respiratory diseases. RESULTS Each interquartile range (IQR) (8.9 µg/m3) increase in long-term ozone exposure were associated with a -204.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): -361.6, -47.0) ml/s, -146.3 (95% CI: -264.1, -28.4) ml/s, and - 132.8 (95% CI: -239.2, -26.4) ml/s change in FEF25, FEF50, and FEF25-75, respectively. Stronger adverse associations were found in female participants or those with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 and history of respiratory diseases. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to ambient ozone is associated with impaired small airway indicators in Chinese young adults. Females, participants with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 and a history of respiratory disease have stronger associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Feng
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Siqi Dou
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Wen
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Lailai Yan
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhong Huang
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Linghong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Peng Lu
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Gentiluomo M, Dixon-Suen SC, Farinella R, Peduzzi G, Canzian F, Milne RL, Lynch BM, Campa D. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae017. [PMID: 38425433 PMCID: PMC10904288 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is currently the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Understanding whether modifiable factors increase or decrease the risk of this disease is central to facilitating primary prevention. Several epidemiological studies have described the benefits of physical activity, and the risks associated with sedentary behavior, in relation to cancer. This study aimed to assess evidence of causal effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using publicly available data for genetic variants associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior traits and genetic data from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan), the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4), and the FinnGen study for a total of 10 018 pancreatic cancer cases and 266 638 controls. We also investigated the role of body mass index (BMI) as a possible mediator between physical activity and sedentary traits and risk of developing pancreatic cancer. We found evidence of a causal association between genetically determined hours spent watching television (hours per day) and increased risk of pancreatic cancer for each hour increment (PanScan-PanC4 odds ratio = 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.17-1.98, P = .002). Additionally, mediation analysis showed that genetically determined television-watching time was strongly associated with BMI, and the estimated proportion of the effect of television-watching time on pancreatic cancer risk mediated by BMI was 54%. This study reports the first Mendelian randomization-based evidence of a causal association between a measure of sedentary behavior (television-watching time) and risk of pancreatic cancer and that this is strongly mediated by BMI. Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease that is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths by 2030. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors have been linked to cancer risk and survival. However, there is limited research on their correlation with pancreatic cancer. To investigate this, we used a Mendelian randomization approach to examine the genetic predisposition to physical activity and sedentariness and their relation to pancreatic cancer risk, while excluding external confounders. Our findings revealed a causal link between the time spent watching television and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we determined that over half of the effect of watching television on pancreatic risk is mediated by the individual's BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gentiluomo
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Suzanne C Dixon-Suen
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Riccardo Farinella
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Giulia Peduzzi
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany 69120
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168
| | - Brigid M Lynch
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Daniele Campa
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
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10
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Zhang J, Li Q, Zhang J, Zhao X, Jiang M, Huang X, Liu D, Yan Y, Li X, Chen J, Ma ZF, Zhang X, Ming WK, Wong TH, Yan G, Wu Y. Chinese university students' preferences for physical activity incentive programs: a discrete choice experiment. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1281740. [PMID: 38026342 PMCID: PMC10646335 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore and compare Chinese university students' preferences for various physical activity motivation programs. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in China from February 25 to March 25, 2022. Participants anonymously completed an online questionnaire based on a DCE. A total of 1,358 university students participated in the survey. The conditional logit model (CLM), willingness to accept (WTA), and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to assess college students' preferences for different attributes and levels of physical activity incentive programs. Results Respondents identified the number of bonus, exercise time, and academic rewards as the three most significant attributes of the athletic incentive program. The importance of each attribute varied based on individual characteristics such as gender and BMI. In CLM, college students displayed a preference for a "¥4" bonus amount (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.95-2.13), "20 min" of exercise time (OR: 1.85, 95% CI 1.79-1.92), and "bonus points for comprehensive test scores" as academic rewards (OR: 1.33, 95% CI 1.28-1.37). According to the WTA results, college students were willing to accept the highest cost to obtain academic rewards tied to composite test scores. Conclusion The number of bonus, exercise time, and academic rewards emerge as the three most crucial attributes of physical activity incentive programs. Furthermore, college students with different characteristics exhibit heterogeneity in their preferences for such programs. These findings can guide the development of programs and policies aimed at motivating college students to engage in physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzi Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianqi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Maomin Jiang
- School of Public Affairs, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xincheng Huang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Diyue Liu
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yupei Yan
- Department of Humanities, Arts and Media, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xialei Li
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyun Chen
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak-hap Wong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guanyun Yan
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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11
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Marijančić V, Grubić Kezele T, Peharec S, Dragaš-Zubalj N, Pavičić Žeželj S, Starčević-Klasan G. Relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior, Spinal Curvatures, Endurance and Balance of the Trunk Muscles-Extended Physical Health Analysis in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6938. [PMID: 37887676 PMCID: PMC10606682 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with poor well-being in young people with adverse effects extending into adulthood. To date, there are many studies investigating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and posture, but there are no data on the relationship between the type and intensity of PA and sedentary behavior, their association with thoracic and lumbar spine angles, and with endurance and balance of the trunk muscles, especially in healthy young adults aged 18-25 years. Moreover, there are no data on the relationship between PA and sedentary behavior and musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary health, as well as quality of life (QoL) and sleep that would provide a more comprehensive picture of physical health status. AIM Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior are associated with each other and with changes in spinal curvatures, endurance and balance of trunk muscles in an extended analysis of physical health status in young adults aged 18-25 years by additionally including measures of body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, and QoL and sleep. METHODS A total of 82 students (58% female, 42% male) aged 18-25 years completed all required tests. Primary outcome measures included the following: PA and sedentary behavior calculated from the long form of International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF), spinal curvatures measured by a Spinal Mouse® device, endurance and balance of the trunk muscles measured using trunk endurance tests and their ratio. RESULTS Overall, 50% of students were classified as minimally active and 50% as health-enhancing PA (HEPA) active. The angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis showed no correlation with PA or time spent sitting. However, students with the lowest PA had significantly higher scores on the trunk extensor endurance test and trunk extensor/flexor endurance test ratio, indicating imbalanced trunk muscles. Moreover, these students spent the most their time sitting. Only PA of vigorous intensity and PA during recreation, leisure, and sports significantly correlated with QoL related to physical health. QoL related to physical and psychosocial health had significantly higher scores when students spent less time sitting. In addition, we found significantly better respiratory performance and SQ at higher PA values, i.e., PA during recreation, leisure, and sport. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that students with low PA levels and more time spent sitting have imbalanced trunk muscles, worse respiratory function, and poorer QoL and sleep. Moreover, these findings in college students may reflect their lifestyle and suggest that more PA needs to be promoted to prevent the development of chronic diseases including musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Marijančić
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stanislav Peharec
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Nataša Dragaš-Zubalj
- Department of School and University Medicine, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Gordana Starčević-Klasan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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12
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Souza Leite Vieira A, Nascimento SL, de Moraes Fiorato TA, Vinchi LC, Surita FG. Physical Exercise Pattern for Undergraduate Students and Its Importance in the Quality of Life, Well-Being, and Future Patient Orientation. J Lifestyle Med 2023; 13:110-118. [PMID: 37970327 PMCID: PMC10630719 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2023.13.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated physical activity (PA), physical exercise (PE), quality of life (QoL), PE barriers and benefits, contents learned about PA, and related factors of PE practice among undergraduate medical and nursing students. Methods This cross-sectional study conducted an online survey. We collected sociodemographic data and previous knowledge regarding PA/PE. We applied the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Well-being and Quality of Life Index (WHO-5), and scale of benefits and barriers for PE. We performed bivariate, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Participants who exercised were identified as "active" and "very active" by the IPAQ, had better health self-perception, higher general total metabolic equivalent, and higher WHO-5 scores, perceived more PE benefits than barriers, and desired more information about PA/PE. Conclusion Undergraduate students should be encouraged to participate in PE. Adequate knowledge could be a resource they value and disseminate to their future patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Souza Leite Vieira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Cintra Vinchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Garanhani Surita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Huang CF, Chou FH, Chang CH, Guo SE. The Associations of Body Mass Index, Body Image, Perceived Stress, and Mental Health among Female Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2426. [PMID: 37685460 PMCID: PMC10487090 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a healthy caloric intake and expenditure balance is challenging. The preliminary study examined (a) the associations of Body Mass Index (BMI), body image, perceived stress, mental health, dietary habits, and exercise participation among 310 female college nursing students and (b) the differences in these factors among BMI subgroups. The cutoffs for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity were <18.5 kg/m2, ≥18.5 but <23 kg/m2, ≥23 but <25 kg/m2, and ≥25 kg/m2, respectively. The survey used Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ). Because of a non-normal distribution, non-parametric statistics were used. The study found that BMI correlated with body image. The lower the BMI, the higher the satisfactory score the participants rated. BMI was irrelated to diet, exercise, stress, and mental health. The participants were unlikely to eat under stress and negative moods. The underweight group (17.1%) had the highest satisfactory score on their appearance evaluation. There was no difference between the overweight (14.2%) and obese (11.0%) groups. Meanwhile, the median of perceived stress was 18 and the prevalence of mental disturbance was 45.2% based on the CHQ. Underweight, overweight, obesity, high perceived stress, and poor mental health among nursing students warrant attention. Nurse educators should strengthen their coping strategies and provide support. A longitudinal study may consider incorporating coping strategies into the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chiayi Campus, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi County 613016, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Fan-Hao Chou
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807378, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Nursing, Chiayi Campus, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi County 613016, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Su-Er Guo
- Department of Nursing, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chiayi Campus, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi County 613016, Taiwan;
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14
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Fandetti SM, Dahl AA, Webster C, Bably MB, Coffman MJ, Racine EF. Healthy Food Policies Documented in University Food Service Contracts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6617. [PMID: 37623200 PMCID: PMC10454280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, there is an opportunity to improve the nutritional health of university students through the campus food environment. This project used a content analysis approach to investigate whether healthy food standards and policies were incorporated into the contract agreements between North Carolina (NC) public universities and their food service management companies. Food service contracts were collected from 14 NC public universities using food service management companies on campus. Each contract was evaluated using the 35-item North Carolina Food Service Policy Guidelines Assessment to examine four elements of the campus food environment: Beverages, Packaged Snacks, Prepared Foods, and Other (e.g., strategic placement of healthier food). Five university food service contracts incorporated no North Carolina Food Service Policy Guidelines, three university contracts included one to five guidelines, and six university contracts included six to nine guidelines. Altogether, 13 of the 35 guidelines were incorporated into at least one university food service contract. This project presents a cost and time-effective assessment method for determining if evidence-based nutrition guidelines have been included in university food service contracts. This approach and findings may lead to contract revisions to improve the campus food environment and, subsequently, the nutritional health of college populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy M. Fandetti
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (A.A.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Alicia Anne Dahl
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (A.A.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Caitlan Webster
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (A.A.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Morium Barakat Bably
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (A.A.D.); (C.W.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Maren J. Coffman
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Elizabeth F. Racine
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, 1380 A and M Circle, El Paso, TX 79927, USA;
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15
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Nilsen SA, Stormark KM, Heradstveit O, Breivik K. Trends in physical health complaints among adolescents from 2014 - 2019: Considering screen time, social media use, and physical activity. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101394. [PMID: 37114241 PMCID: PMC10126924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising rates of physical and mental health complaints among adolescents observed in many countries have coincided with an increased time spent on screen-based devices, including social media use. We sought to document recent trends in physical health complaints (PHC) and whether co-occurring trends in screen time, social media use, and physical activity may account for these trends. To achieve these aims, we used data from the nationwide Ungdata surveys conducted annually at the municipality level in Norway, comprising 419,934 adolescents aged 13-18 from six survey years (2014-2019). Six items assessed PHC, including neck and shoulder pain, headache, and abdominal pain, during the past month. To account for the nesting structure of Ungdata, and to exploit the variation within and between municipalities, we used multilevel analyses with adolescents nested in municipality-years (n = 669), nested in municipalities (n = 345). We found a small to moderate linear increase in number of PHC among boys and girls from 2014 to 2019. Screen time and social media use moderately attenuated the trend for girls, and to a lesser extent for boys. Screen time and social media use were further positively associated with PHC across the between and within-municipality levels, and social media use was more strongly associated with PHC for girls than boys across all levels of analysis. A similar pattern emerged when considering each symptom individually. The results suggest that the prevalence of PHC rose in tandem with a group-level shift towards higher screen time and social media use. Moreover, the results indicate that higher screen time and social media use may have led to changes in the youth culture with potential consequences for adolescents' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondre Aasen Nilsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Postbox 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway
- Corresponding author. Norwegian Research Centre, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Postbox 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kjell Morten Stormark
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Postbox 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Heradstveit
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Postbox 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Postbox 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway
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Deng Y, Hwang Y, Campbell S, McCullick BA, Yli-Piipari S. Institutional factors associated with college students' healthy physical activity and body composition: A first semester follow-up. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1134-1142. [PMID: 34260332 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1922416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The first aim of this study was to examine changes in freshman college students' health-enhancing physical activity (PA) and body composition across the first semester. Secondly, this study aimed to explore the role of socio-ecological variables on these processes. Methods: A sample of 166 participants (108 females, 58 males, Mage = 18.14[.96]) completed self-report pre-and posttest data on vigorous PA (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and body mass index (BMI). Results: The results showed a statistically significant increase in BMI, but no statistically significant changes in VPA or MVPA. The findings revealed that our socio-ecological model predicted .71, .39, and .92 percent of the end of the year VPA, MVPA, and BMI, respectively. The findings highlighted the positive role of peer support, positive motivation, and university's Recreational Services on measured healthy behaviors. Conclusions: These findings suggest a need to increase college students' VPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Deng
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - YongJu Hwang
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sara Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Bryan A McCullick
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sami Yli-Piipari
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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de Santana EES, Neves LM, de Souza KC, Mendes TB, Rossi FE, da Silva AA, de Oliveira R, Perilhão MS, Roschel H, Gil S. Physically Inactive Undergraduate Students Exhibit More Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Poor Quality of Life than Physically Active Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4494. [PMID: 36901511 PMCID: PMC10001626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least 150 min of moderate or vigorous activity (MVPA) per week for health benefits. However, meeting WHO guidelines for physical activity has been shown to be a great challenge for general populations and it may be even more difficult for undergraduate students due to elevated academic demand, thus negatively affecting general health status. Thus, this study investigated whether undergraduate students meeting WHO guidelines for physical activity show greater scores for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life than their counterparts not meeting guideline recommendations. Additionally, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life among academic areas were compared. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. The participants were recruited through messaging apps or institutional e-mail. The participants filled out an online consent form, questionnaires to assess demographic and academic characteristics, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Beck depression and anxiety inventory, and the short-form 36-item health survey questionnaire. The participants were classified as physically active (MVPA > 150 min/week) or inactive (MVPA < 150 min/week) according to WHO Guidelines. RESULTS A total of 371 individuals were included in the analysis. Physically inactive students demonstrated higher scores of depression (17.96 vs. 14.62; 95% CI: -5.81 to -0.86; p = 0.0083) than physically active ones. SF-36 analyses revealed that physically inactive students had lower values in mental (45.68 vs. 52.77; 95% CI: 2.10 to 12.06; p = 0.0054) and physical (59.37 vs. 67.14; 95% CI: 3.24 to 12.30; p = 0.0015) domains compared with physically active ones. As for SF-36 subscales, physically inactive students showed lower scores in function capacity (70.45 vs. 79.70; 95% CI: 4.27 to 14.49; p = 0.0003), mental health (45.57 vs. 55.60; 95% CI: 5.28 to 14.76; p < 0.0001), social aspects (48.91 vs. 57.69; 95%CI: 3.47 to 14.08; p = 0.0012), vitality (42.19 vs. 50.61; 95% CI: 3.47 to 13.35; p = 0.0009), pain (61.85 vs. 68.00; 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.02; p = 0.0135), and general health status (53.82 vs. 63.81; 95% CI: 5.21 to 14.75; p < 0.0001) than their physically active peers. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that undergraduate students who do not meet WHO guidelines for physical activity display higher scores of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life in comparison with their counterparts meeting physical activity guidelines. Collectively, these data suggest the need for academic institutions and policy makers to monitor and promote in-campus interventions to encourage physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Melo Neves
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Bipolar Disorder Program (PROMAN), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Karla Cardoso de Souza
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Tassia Barcelos Mendes
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Eduardo Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ariana Aline da Silva
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire de Oliveira
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sergio Perilhão
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gil
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
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18
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Block VJ, Cheng S, Juwono J, Cuneo R, Kirkish G, Alexander AM, Khan M, Akula A, Caverzasi E, Papinutto N, Stern WA, Pletcher MJ, Marcus GM, Olgin JE, Hauser SL, Gelfand JM, Bove R, Cree BAC, Henry RG. Association of daily physical activity with brain volumes and cervical spinal cord areas in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2023; 29:363-373. [PMID: 36573559 PMCID: PMC9972237 DOI: 10.1177/13524585221143726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote activity monitoring has the potential to evaluate real-world, motor function, and disability at home. The relationships of daily physical activity with spinal cord white matter and gray matter (GM) areas, multiple sclerosis (MS) disability and leg function, are unknown. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the association of structural central nervous system pathology with ambulatory disability. METHODS Fifty adults with progressive or relapsing MS with motor disability who could walk >2 minutes were assessed using clinician-evaluated, patient-reported outcomes, and quantitative brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. Fitbit Flex2, worn on the non-dominant wrist, remotely assessed activity over 30 days. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess correlations between physical activity and other disability metrics. RESULTS Mean age was 53.3 years and median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was 4.0. Average daily step counts (STEPS) were highly correlated with EDSS and walking measures. Greater STEPS were significantly correlated with greater C2-C3 spinal cord GM areas (ρ = 0.39, p = 0.04), total cord area (TCA; ρ = 0.35, p = 0.04), and cortical GM volume (ρ = 0.32, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION These results provide preliminary evidence that spinal cord GM area is a neuroanatomical substrate associated with STEPS. STEPS could serve as a proxy to alert clinicians and researchers to possible changes in structural nervous system pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Block
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA/Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,
USA
| | - Shuiting Cheng
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Juwono
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard Cuneo
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gina Kirkish
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amber M Alexander
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mahir Khan
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amit Akula
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Caverzasi
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA/Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University
of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nico Papinutto
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mark J Pletcher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA/Department of
Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,
USA
| | - Gregory M Marcus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Olgin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gelfand
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Riley Bove
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences,
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce AC Cree
- BAC Cree UCSF Weill Institute for
Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, 1651 4th St
Suite 252, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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19
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Gutiérrez-Cruz C, Del-Cuerpo I, García-Ramos A, Muñoz-López S, Rubio-Cabeza J, Roman-Espinaco A. Effect of the environmental factor of coexistence on the physical condition of people with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2023; 36:585-593. [PMID: 36814055 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study was to compare the physical condition of people with intellectual disabilities living in residential homes (RH; restricted residential environment) versus independent homes (IH; family houses while performing paid work). The effect of gender on physical condition was also evaluated separately for each group. METHOD Sixty individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability, 30 living in RH and 30 living in IH, participated in this study. The RH and IH groups were homogeneous in terms of gender distribution (17 males and 13 females) and intellectual disability level. Body composition, postural balance, and static and dynamic force were considered as dependent variables. RESULTS The IH group performed better in the postural balance and dynamic force tests compared to the RH group, but no significant differences between the groups were observed for any body composition or static force variable. Women in both groups tended to have better postural balance than men, while men presented higher dynamic force. CONCLUSIONS The IH group presented a higher physical fitness compared to RH group. This result emphasises the need to increase the frequency and intensity of the physical activity sessions commonly programed for individuals living in RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Gutiérrez-Cruz
- Department of Didactics of Musical and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Indya Del-Cuerpo
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Saray Muñoz-López
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Rubio-Cabeza
- Hermanas Hospitalarias, Fundación Purísima Concepción de Granada, Granada, Spain
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20
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Singh H, Esht V, Shaphe MA, Rathore N, Chahal A, Kashoo FZ. Relationship between body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness to interpret health risks among sedentary university students from Northern India: A correlation study. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2023.101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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21
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Djokic N, Milicevic N, Kalas B, Djokic I, Mirovic V. E-Bicycle as a Green and Physically Active Mode of Transport from the Aspect of Students: TPB and Financial Incentives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2495. [PMID: 36767861 PMCID: PMC9915989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The positive effects of e-bikes on physical activity, health, and the environment have been confirmed in many studies. Their choice, as well as of cycling in general, was previously considered from, among others, the socio-psychological aspect (often by use of the theory of planned behavior (TPB)) or the financial aspect (in the context of financial incentives). In addition, the question of physical activity can be especially relevant for the student population, since their level of physical activity usually declines. Starting from the previous framework, the aim of this research was to consider the intention to use e-bikes by the student population in the context of their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and financial incentives. It is, according to the authors' knowledge, the first research that combines all those variables when studying e-bikes. The research was conducted in 2022 on a convenience sample of 332 students from the University of Novi Sad (Republic of Serbia). The results show that the strongest predictor of the intention to use e-bikes can be attributed to financial incentives, followed by attitudes and subjective norms, while perceived behavioral control is not significant. Besides considerations in the context of previous research, additional recommendations for increasing e-bikes' use were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Djokic
- Department for Trade, Marketing and Logistics, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
| | - Nikola Milicevic
- Department for Trade, Marketing and Logistics, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
| | - Branimir Kalas
- Department for Financial and Bank Management, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
| | - Ines Djokic
- Department for Trade, Marketing and Logistics, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
| | - Vera Mirovic
- Department for Financial and Bank Management, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
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22
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Will the Construction of Sports Facilities Nudge People to Participate in Physical Exercises in China? The Moderating Role of Mental Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11020219. [PMID: 36673586 PMCID: PMC9858653 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the nudging effect of the sports facility construction on physical exercise (PE) participation with consideration of the moderating role of mental health in China. Multiple linear regression models are used in this study. The subjects are 4634 from the 2014 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, which is a nationally representative longitudinal survey of Chinese individuals. We find that the construction of sports facilities nudges people to participate in PE, and gender, age, and education significantly influence people's participation in PE. Young, female, and better-educated people compose the "neo-vulnerable" population, who participate less in PE in China and need more interventions. Mental health status has no significant effect on people's PE participation, while it negatively moderates the nudging effect of the construction of sports facilities on PE. The results of this study suggest that only building sporting facilities is insufficient to encourage PE participation. Policies and interventions should be given to mentally disturbed individuals to guarantee and magnify the nudging effect of sports facilities on PE.
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23
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q, Ying S. The effect of Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health and physical activity in female university students. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1095315. [PMID: 36923290 PMCID: PMC10008870 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1095315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: Mixed linear modelling results showed that there were large intervention effects on VO2max (p < 0.001, d = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.03 to 3.00 for relative VO2max; p < 0.001, d = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.68 for absolute VO2max), resting heart rate (p < 0.001, d = -1.82, 95% CI: -2.23 to -1.37), systolic BP (p < 0.001, d = -1.24, 95% CI: -1.63 to -0.84), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.001, d = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.83 to 2.77), total PA (p < 0.001, d = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.41); moderate effects on %BF (p < 0.001, d = -1.15, 95% CI: -1.53 to -0.75), FM (p < 0.001, d = -1.08, 95% CI: -1.46 to -0.69), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.001, d = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.42), total cholesterol (p = 0.001, d = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.26); small effects on BMI (p = 0.011, d = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.84 to 0.11), WC (p = 0.043, d = -0.37, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.01), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.003, d = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.19), HOMA-IR (p = 0.026, d = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.05) and fasting insulin (p = 0.035, d = -0.40, 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.03). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001). Conclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Centre for Population Health and Medical Informatics, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanshan Ying
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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24
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Shudayfat T, Hani SB, Shdaifat E, Al-Mugheed K, Alsenany SA, Farghaly Abdelaliem SM. Electronic health literacy and its association with lifestyle behavior among undergraduate students: A cross-sectional survey. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231185429. [PMID: 37434731 PMCID: PMC10331184 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231185429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to assess healthy lifestyle behaviors among undergraduate students and determine the association between electronic health literacy with lifestyle behavior among undergraduate Jordanian university students. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The study recruited 404 participants utilizing undergraduate students from public and private universities. The e-Health literacy scale was used to assess the level of health information literacy among university students. Results Data were collected from 404 participants who reported very good health status, the majority of the participants were female 57.2% with an average age of 19.3 years. The results showed that participants had good health behavior in terms of exercise, taking breakfast, smoking status, and sleeping status. The results have shown an inadequate level of e-Health literacy 16.61 (SD = 4.10) out of 40. The vast majority of students, in terms of their attitudes toward the Internet, thought that Internet health information was very useful/useful (95.8%). Also, they thought that online health information was very important /important (97.3%). The results showed that students who were attending public universities had higher e-Health literacy scores rather than those who were attending private universities, t (402) = 1.81, p = .014. The mean e-Health literacy score for nonmedical students was higher than those for medical students (p = .022). Conclusion The study's findings provide important insights into the health behaviors and electronic health literacy of undergraduate students in Jordanian universities, and offer valuable guidance for future health education programs and policies aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamadur Shudayfat
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Faculty of Nursing, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Salam Bani Hani
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Faculty of Nursing, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Emad Shdaifat
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Al-Mugheed
- Health Faculty, Nursing Department, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samira Ahmed Alsenany
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Classroom Movement Breaks and Physically Active Learning Are Feasible, Reduce Sedentary Behaviour and Fatigue, and May Increase Focus in University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137775. [PMID: 35805432 PMCID: PMC9265656 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: University students are mostly sedentary in tertiary education settings which may be detrimental to their health and learning. This review aimed to examine the feasibility and efficacy of classroom movement breaks (CMB) and physically active learning (PAL) on physical and cognitive outcomes in university students in the tertiary setting. Methods: Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO, and PubMed) were searched for articles published up until November 2021. Manual searching of reference lists and citation tracking were also completed. Two reviewers independently applied inclusion and exclusion criteria and completed quality assessment. Articles were included if they evaluated CMB or PAL interventions delivered to university students in a tertiary setting. Results: Of the 1691 articles identified, 14 studies with 5997 participants met the inclusion criteria. Average study quality scores were poor for both CMB and PAL studies. CMBs and PAL are feasible in the tertiary setting and increase physical activity, reduce sedentary behaviour, increase wellbeing, and reduce fatigue in university students. In addition, CMBs increased student focus and attention in class and PAL had no detrimental effect on academic performance. Conclusions: University educators should feel confident in introducing CMB and/or PAL interventions into their classes to improve student health and wellbeing.
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26
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q. Effects of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise on 24 h Movement Behaviors in Inactive Female University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127177. [PMID: 35742425 PMCID: PMC9223473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine if low-volume, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) was associated with changes in 24-h movement behaviors. A quasi-experimental study design was used. We collected accelerometry data from 21 eligible participants who consistently wore an ActiGraph for a period of two-weeks. Differences in behaviors were analyzed using a paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to explore relationships with factors that impacted changes. The results indicated a compensatory increase in sedentary time (ST) (4.4 ± 6.0%, p < 0.01) and a decrease in light-intensity physical activity (LPA) (−7.3 ± 16.7%, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), and total physical activity (TPA) increased following exercise (p < 0.001). Sleep duration and prolonged sedentary time were reduced (p < 0.05). Exercise intensity and aerobic capacity were associated with changes in ST. The results from the study indicate that participating in a low-volume HIIE encouraged participants who were previously inactive to become more active. The observations of increases in ST may have displaced a prolonged sitting time. The decrease in sleeping time observed may be reflecting an increased sleep quality in connection with increased higher-intensity PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK;
| | - Huw D. Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK;
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong;
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13805885586
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27
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Ewah PA, Oyeyemi AY, Oyeyemi AL, Oghumu SN, Awhen PA, Ogaga M, Edet LI. Comparison of exercise and physical activity routine and health status among apparently healthy Nigerian adults before and during COVID-19 lockdown: a self-report by social media users. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:155. [PMID: 35669156 PMCID: PMC9136206 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a pandemic that ravaged the world in manners that were never seen in the recent past, and one of the measures to stem the tide of this ravaging pandemic is a stay-at-home order referred to as lockdown. This study compares the physical activity status and perceived health of Nigerians before and during the lockdown. RESULTS Social media platform users (n = 205) were surveyed using a two-part questionnaire. The first part elicited the sociodemographic characteristics of the subject. In the second part, information about their exercise and physical activity, general health, and economic palliatives as offered by the government, non-governmental organizations, and philanthropists were elicited. The frequency of exercise was significantly more (p < 0.05) during the lockdown than before the lockdown. The duration and intensity of the exercise per week were comparable. There was also a negative relationship between the body mass index, frequency, and duration of exercise before and during the lockdown. The subjects perceived their health as worse during (3.70 ± 1.05) the lockdown than before (3.95 ± 0.97) lockdown (Z = - 3.69, p = 0.00). CONCLUSION Overall, for these cohorts of social media platform users, lockdown did not adversely affect their exercise routine. It is recommended that there should be specific recommendation on exercise as an important Instrumental Activity of Daily Living [IADL]. Therefore, while this pandemic lockdown lasts and beyond, the safety measures to follow while partaking in this IADL should be included in the public health recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ayi Ewah
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Adetoyeje Y Oyeyemi
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Saturday N Oghumu
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Peter Agba Awhen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Mary Ogaga
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Lucy Inyang Edet
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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28
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Park HY, Kim SW, Jung WS, Kim J, Lim K. Hypoxic Therapy as a New Therapeutic Modality for Cardiovascular Benefit: A Mini Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:161. [PMID: 39077598 PMCID: PMC11273974 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2305161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are recognized as one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Generally, most CVDs can be prevented by addressing behavioral risk factors, including smoking, unhealthy diet and obesity, lack of physical activity, and alcohol abuse. Therefore, it is important to have a healthy lifestyle by performing regular physical activity to improve cardiovascular health and diseases. However, a majority of adults worldwide do not meet the minimum recommendations for regular aerobic exercise, and overweight and obesity ratio continues to rise. In addition, obese individuals, with a high prevalence of CVDs, have a lower participation rate for exercise because of the strain on the musculoskeletal system. Hypoxic therapy, including exposure or exercise intervention under hypoxia, has been utilized as a new therapeutic modality for cardiovascular benefit and amelioration of CVDs. Hypoxic therapy shows various physiological and pathophysiological properties, including increased appetite suppression and dietary intake reduction, increased energy consumption, improved glycogen storage, enhanced fatty acid oxidation, improved myocardial angiogenesis or ventricular remodeling, augmentation of blood flow within the skeletal muscle vascular beds, and reduction of the burden on the musculoskeletal system making it applicable to patients with CVDs and obesity with attenuated cardiovascular function. In particular, hypoxic therapy is very effective in improving cardiovascular benefits and preventing CVDs by enhancing arterial function, vascular endothelial function, and hemorheological properties. These observations indicate that hypoxic therapy may be an important and essential strategy for improving cardiovascular health and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sang Jung
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hjetland GJ, Skogen JC, Hysing M, Sivertsen B. The Association Between Self-Reported Screen Time, Social Media Addiction, and Sleep Among Norwegian University Students. Front Public Health 2022; 9:794307. [PMID: 34976935 PMCID: PMC8716598 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.794307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between daily screen time and sleep, evening screen time and sleep, and between social media addiction and sleep in a student population. This cross-sectional study is based on data from a national survey of all college and university students in Norway (the SHoT2018 study; n = 49,051). The sleep outcomes were sleep duration, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, and insomnia operationalized according to formal DSM-5 criteria. The results show a strong negative association between time spent on screen-based devices and sleep quality and quantity, and where screen use in bed had more consistent negative associations with sleep. Furthermore, there were higher rates of insomnia among those with higher levels of addiction, and curvilinear relationships with sleep duration, sleep onset latency, and sleep efficiency. Those with higher levels of addiction also had more evening screen time. The findings suggest that screen use plays an important role in students' sleep quantity and quality, where evening screen time has a stronger relationship with sleep compared to total daily screen time. The results also suggest a role of social media addiction, and addictive social media use may be a target for intervention in order to reduce evening screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnhild J Hjetland
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens C Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Granero-Jiménez J, López-Rodríguez MM, Dobarrio-Sanz I, Cortés-Rodríguez AE. Influence of Physical Exercise on Psychological Well-Being of Young Adults: A Quantitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074282. [PMID: 35409963 PMCID: PMC8998469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is a key element in people’s health as it provides important physical benefits, as well as improves mental health and quality of life. However, recent years have seen an increase in the percentage of young adults showing high levels of inactivity. Although, it has been observed that the motivation to perform physical activity seems to be an important factor when starting and then keeping it up. Thus, the general aim of this work was to explore the association between physical activity, motivation, and psychological well-being in young adults. To do this, a descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was carried out together with a multiple linear regression analysis. An online survey was applied between December 2017 and the first quarter of 2018, in which the level of activity, motivation, and psychological well-being of the participants were measured. Starting from a final sample of 489 subjects aged between 18 and 35 years, a higher level of physical activity was found to be related to higher psychological well-being. In addition, motivation, and more specifically intrinsic motivation, was an important determinant of psychological well-being, gaining greater influence among male participants who had a higher level of physical activity. This study therefore emphasizes the clear influence of physical activity on the psychological well-being of young adults and highlights the need to work on intrinsic motivation to improve levels of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Granero-Jiménez
- Observation Unit, Emergency Department, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain;
| | - María Mar López-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.D.-S.); (A.E.C.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iria Dobarrio-Sanz
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.D.-S.); (A.E.C.-R.)
| | - Alda Elena Cortés-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (I.D.-S.); (A.E.C.-R.)
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Jääskeläinen T, Koponen P, Lundqvist A, Koskinen S. Lifestyle factors and obesity in young adults - changes in the 2000s in Finland. Scand J Public Health 2022; 50:1214-1220. [PMID: 35130774 PMCID: PMC9720455 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221075427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Young adulthood is a life stage that is vulnerable to detrimental lifestyle changes and excessive weight gain, which may have major effects on health later in life. This study aimed to examine the changes in lifestyle-related factors in the 2000s and sociodemographic differences in lifestyle in Finnish young adults. METHODS The study was based on the cross-sectional data from two representative samples of Finnish young adults aged 18-29 years from the Health 2000 Survey (n = 1894; 90% participated) and the FinHealth 2017 Study (n = 1162; 54% participated). Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle choices (smoking, alcohol consumption, intake of vegetables, physical activity), and anthropometrics were self-reported. Weighted prevalence based on predictive margins and odds ratios were analyzed using logistic regression, taking into account the sampling design and non-response. RESULTS The prevalence of daily cigarette smoking decreased between the years 2000 and 2017 from 34% to 12% (p < 0.01) and from 23% to 11% (p < 0.01) in men and women, respectively. There was a decline in the prevalence of daily intake of fresh vegetables, especially in men. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ⩾ 30 kg/m2) doubled being 15% in men and 18% in women in 2017. Health-endangering lifestyles, measured by a lifestyle sum score, were more common among young adults with lower education compared to those with higher. CONCLUSIONS This study showed both favorable and unfavorable changes in the lifestyles of Finnish young adults in the 2000s. Health-endangering lifestyles were more common among young adults with lower education, suggesting the need for tailored health-promoting actions. Special attention should be given to obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Jääskeläinen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivikki Koponen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Lundqvist
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Physical and mental health in young adults with heart disease - a national survey of Norwegian university students. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:257-265. [PMID: 34100351 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121001815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults with heart disease constitute a growing group with the risk of cognitive and physical impairment. The knowledge of their academic performance and mental and physical health is, however, scant. This study aimed to compare young adults with CHDs or arrhythmia with their peers. METHODS Information on physical health (Somatic Symptom Scale-8), mental health problems (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25), quality of life (Satisfaction With Life Scale), physical activity, and academic performance was collected online in a national cross-sectional survey in Norway among students in higher education (the SHoT2018 study). RESULTS Among 50,054 students, 172 (0.34%) reported CHD and 132 (0.26%) arrhythmias. Students reporting arrhythmias scored significantly higher than the control group on somatic symptoms (OR = 2.3 (95% CI: 1.62-3.27)), anxiety (OR = 1.60 (1.08-2.37)), depression (OR = 1.49 (1.05-2.11)), self-harm, and suicide attempt (OR = 2.72 (1.56-4.75)), and lower quality of life (OR 1.64 (1.16-2.32)) and more loneliness (OR = 1.99 (1.28-3.10)) compared to participants without heart disease. Participants with CHD reported an increased somatic symptom burden (OR = 1.58 (1.16-2.16)). Despite a tendency to a higher score, this group did not differ significantly from the control group on anxiety or depression, quality of life, or loneliness. However, the risk of self-harm thoughts and suicidality was significantly increased (OR for suicide attempt 2.22 (1.3-3.77)). There was no difference between the groups on academic performance. CONCLUSIONS Although Norwegian students with heart disease reported more somatic symptoms, their academic progress was not reduced compared to students without heart disease. Students with CHD or arrhythmias showed an increased risk of self-harm thoughts and suicidality.
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Grasdalsmoen M, Clarsen B, Sivertsen B. Mental Health in Elite Student Athletes: Exploring the Link Between Training Volume and Mental Health Problems in Norwegian College and University Students. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:817757. [PMID: 35178515 PMCID: PMC8844557 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.817757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine mental health problems among elite athletes in a student population, compared to the general student population, and to explore the association between weekly hours of training across mental health indicators. Methods Data are from a national study from 2018 of all college and university students in Norway. Participants indicated if they considered themselves to be an elite athlete, and how many hours per week they trained. Mental health problems were assessed using several well-validated questionnaires. Results Among 50,054 students, 1.3% identified themselves as elite athletes. Both male and female elite athletes had generally better mental health across most health outcomes, reporting fewer mental health problems, less loneliness, higher satisfaction with life, more positive affect, and fewer alcohol problems. Elite athletes in team sports had slightly better mental health compared to athletes of individual sports. Increased hours of weekly exercise was associated with better mental health. However, there was generally little to be gained from increasing the amount of training from 7–10 hours/week to 14+ hours per week. Female athletes who trained 14 or more hours per week reported poorer mental health across most outcome measures. Conclusion This study showed that both male and female elite athletes generally had better mental health across a range of health outcomes, when compared to the general student population. The study also found a positive dose-response relationship between weekly hours of training and mental health, but also a worsening of mental health for females at the extreme end of exercise continuum. The self-report nature of this student sample means that care should be taken when generalizing to other studies of elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grasdalsmoen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benjamin Clarsen
- Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research & Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- *Correspondence: Børge Sivertsen
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Nuñez-Leyva RE, Lozano-López TE, Calizaya-Milla YE, Calizaya-Milla SE, Saintila J. Excess Weight and Body Fat Percentage Associated with Waist Circumference as a Cardiometabolic Risk Factor in University Students. SCIENTIFICA 2022; 2022:1310030. [PMID: 35036024 PMCID: PMC8754593 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1310030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the most important public health problems for university students. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF) with waist circumference (WC) as a cardiometabolic risk factor (CMR) among university students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2,048 students from a private university located in Lima, Peru. Anthropometric data (weight, height, %BF, and WC) were collected. Chi-square test was used. Association analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS The findings indicated that 36.9% and 61.1% of men were overweight and had higher %BF, respectively, compared to women. Women (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.17, 0.29), Peruvian students (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.39, 0.90), and students enrolled in the faculty of health sciences (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62, 0.94) are less likely to manifest CMR. Also, excess body weight (OR, 17.28; 95% CI, 13.21, 22.59) and a high %BF (OR, 4.55; 95% CI, 3.55, 5.84) were strongly associated with CMR. CONCLUSION CMRs are a public health problem among university students. Therefore, it is important to carry out healthy lifestyle programs to promote better control and prevention, particularly among male students and those who have excess weight and body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto E. Nuñez-Leyva
- Escuela de Posgrado, Unidad de Posgrado Salud Pública, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Tabita E. Lozano-López
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Yaquelin E. Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Sergio E. Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Escuela de Posgrado, Unidad de Posgrado Salud Pública, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
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Silva BAMD, Gelain GM, Candotti CT. The influence of physical exercise on behavioral habits, kinesiophobia, and disability in people with low back pain: A retrospective cross-sectional study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 28:348-353. [PMID: 34776163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical exercise improves physical fitness and health, helping to reduce pain and prevent low back pain. This study aims to compare the intensity of low back pain (LBP), behavioral habits, and the level of disability and kinesiophobia among exercising and non-exercising subjects with LBP. METHODS Consecutive sample of 102 individuals was divided into exercising group (EG) and non-exercising group (NEG). The data was extracted from the answers to the questionnaires Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI-A), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Fear-avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ-Brazil). For statistical analysis, the chi-square test was used, α ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Both groups presented predominance of mild to moderate pain intensity and absence of kinesiophobia in the practice of physical activity, with no statistically significant difference. However, there was significant difference between the groups for the risk of occurrence of LBP and for levels of incapacity and kinesiophobia related to work. CONCLUSION Exercising individuals appear to present with a lower risk for occurrence of LBP, lower level of disability, and absence of work-related kinesiophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grazielle Martins Gelain
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia Tarragô Candotti
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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ALKATAN MOHAMMED, ALSHARJI KHALED, AKBAR ABDULLAH, ALSHAREEFI AMAL, ALKHALAF SANABEL, ALABDULJADER KHOLOUD, AL-HAZZAA HAZZAAM. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors among active college students in Kuwait relative to gender status. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2021; 62:E407-E414. [PMID: 34604581 PMCID: PMC8451337 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.2.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To determine the prevalence of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB) and sleep duration and the associations between those variables among Kuwaiti Physical Education (PE) College students. Methods A total of 418 participants (220 females) were randomly selected from the Basic Education College in the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait. Body weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A validated questionnaire was used to assess lifestyle behaviors. Results Based on BMI classification, the prevalence of overweight or obesity among males (34.9%) was significantly higher than that of females (16.7%). However, the mean (SD) of body fat percentage using bioelectrical impedance analysis was 21.3 (9.0) for males and 32.3 (7.7) for females. The proportions of highly active (> 1,200 METs-min/week) males (85.9%) and females (64.3%) were significantly (p < 0.005) different. The participants exceeding 3 hours of screen viewing time/day and insufficient sleep duration (< 7 hours/night) were 76.8% and 65.1%, respectively, with no gender differences. Logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, showed that highly active PE students had a higher proportion of SB. However, neither sleep duration nor body fat percentage exhibited any significant difference relative to PA. Conclusions Despite having high PA, Kuwaiti PE College students had a high prevalence of SB and insufficient sleep. Gender differences were found in PA but not in screen time or sleep duration. Efforts toward reducing SB and insufficient sleep among Kuwaiti PE College students are needed to reduce unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and promote health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- MOHAMMED ALKATAN
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - KHALED ALSHARJI
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - ABDULLAH AKBAR
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - AMAL ALSHAREEFI
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - SANABEL ALKHALAF
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - KHOLOUD ALABDULJADER
- Department of Physical Education & Sports, College of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait
| | - HAZZAA M. AL-HAZZAA
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Head, Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11673, Saudi Arabia - E-mail:
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Jodczyk AM, Gruba G, Sikora Z, Kasiak PS, Gębarowska J, Adamczyk N, Mamcarz A, Śliż D. PaLS Study: How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Influenced Physical Activity and Nutrition? Observations a Year after the Outbreak of the Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189632. [PMID: 34574557 PMCID: PMC8470829 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The restrictions implemented to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have impacted the majority of life domains. To evaluate their potential consequences on physical activity (PA) and dietary habits among Polish undergraduates, a survey consisting of the IPAQ-SF, authors' questions based on the Polish National Institute of Public Health recommendations, and authors' questions scaled -5/0/5 on personal opinion was created and administered between 22 February and 3 April 2021. A total of 1323 students met the study conditions (1021 females, 297 males, 5 did not specify gender, mean age: 22 years old (SD = 4), mean BMI = 22.27 kg/m2 (SD = 3.87)). A total of 27.21% of students were in the low, 48.53% in the moderate, and 24.26% in the high PA group. A total of 71.94% estimated that the pandemic had a negative impact on their PA, 8.16% no impact, and 19.9% a positive impact. A total of 35.5% had an insufficient intake of vegetables, 34.3% declared adding salt to meals, and 31.6% ate animal-based products the majority of days in a week or every day. A total of 51.02% assessed the impact of the pandemic on their nutrition as negative, 20.11% did not notice changes, and 28.87% reported a positive impact on their dietary habits. Most of the students saw harmful pandemic effects on their diet and PA compared to the times before restrictions. This can lead to a higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Monika Jodczyk
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
| | - Grzegorz Gruba
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
| | - Zuzanna Sikora
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
| | - Przemysław Seweryn Kasiak
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-501-168-103
| | - Joanna Gębarowska
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
- Polish Society of Lifestyle Medicine, 00-388 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Natalia Adamczyk
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
- Polish Society of Lifestyle Medicine, 00-388 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Artur Mamcarz
- Polish Society of Lifestyle Medicine, 00-388 Warsaw, Poland;
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Śliż
- Students’ Scientific Group of Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.J.); (G.G.); (Z.S.); (J.G.); (N.A.); (D.Ś.)
- Polish Society of Lifestyle Medicine, 00-388 Warsaw, Poland;
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
- School of Public Health, Postgraduate Medical Education Center, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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Na Nongkhai MP, Yamprasert R, Punsawad C. Effects of Continuous Yoga on Body Composition in Obese Adolescents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6702767. [PMID: 34484400 PMCID: PMC8410386 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6702767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Overweight/obesity is a pressing international health concern, and conventional treatments demonstrate poor long-term efficacy. Several studies have shown that yoga can control risk factors for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and psychosocial stress. The present study aimed to assess the effect of continuous yoga (asanas, pranayama, and Surya Namaskar yoga) on body composition in overweight participants. Forty adolescents with obesity were enrolled in this study. The study was conceived as a prospective, single-center, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. The participants were divided into 2 groups: the intervention group (n = 20), which undertook a continuous yoga practice, and the control group (n = 20). Body composition, including body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), and muscle mass, was evaluated using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (BIA). Our results showed that the mean BMI and BFM of the yoga intervention group were significantly decreased at week 8 and week 12. The muscle mass of the yoga group continued to improve at a rate of 0.515 per week, which was statistically significant. In conclusion, a continuous yoga practice had a tendency to decrease BMI and BFM and increase muscle mass. These findings demonstrate intervention effectiveness similar to that observed in other clinical research and indicate that continuous yoga practice may be used as an alternative therapy for obesity prevention and health promotion in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Poomiphak Na Nongkhai
- Department of Sports Science and Exercise, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Rodsarin Yamprasert
- Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Tseng SH, Liang BJ, Wang W, Tsai BX, Hu PS. Monitoring adaptation of skin tissue oxygenation during cycling ergometer exercise by frequency-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:5023-5035. [PMID: 34513240 PMCID: PMC8407841 DOI: 10.1364/boe.428207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In addition to supplying oxygen molecule O2 for metabolic functions during the adaptation to exercise, blood also plays a critical role in heat dissipation for core temperature stabilization. This study investigates the status of hemodynamic oxygenation in the forearm's skin tissue of three participants during a complete ergometer exercise from the resting to exercising, and to recovering conditions using a three-wavelength frequency-domain diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (FD DRS) alongside the monitoring of heartbeat rate and skin temperature. The FD DRS system was synchronized with radiofrequency (RF)-modulated input photon sources and the respective output to extract time-course absorption and scattering coefficients of the skin tissue, which, through the fitting of lambert's law of absorbance, can be used to determine the concentration of oxygenated/deoxygenated hemoglobin molecules, and consequentially, the oxygen saturation of skin tissue and total hemoglobin (THb) concentration. Expressly, a sudden jump in heartbeat rate at the beginning of the exercise, a temporal lag of the rising edge of skin temperature behind that of the THb concentration in the procession of step-wise incremental working intensity, and the uprising of THb in the exhaustion zone in responses to the physiological adaptation to exercise were identified. Finally, conclusive remarks were drawn that the FD DRS system is useful in extracting the hemodynamic properties of forearm skin which is often being neglected in previous exercise physiology studies by DRS-related techniques. The detailed variation of hemodynamic and optical scattering parameters of forearm skin elucidated in the studies can be applied for the analysis of athletes' physiological status, and may be a potential reference for the design of future wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hao Tseng
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Jian Liang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Xiang Tsai
- College of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan, 71150, Taiwan
| | - Po-Sheng Hu
- College of Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan, 71150, Taiwan
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Papazisis Z, Nikolaidis PT, Trakada G. Sleep, Physical Activity, and Diet of Adults during the Second Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7292. [PMID: 34299743 PMCID: PMC8305576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible correlations between sleep, physical activity, and diet in the general population of Greece during the second lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic. A web-based questionnaire including 28 items was completed by 494 adults (age 31.5 ± 12.4 years). Half of the participants (49.8%) reported good, 44.1% moderate, and 6.1% bad quality of sleep, whereas 17.2% answered that the quality of sleep improved, 56.5% did not change, and 26.3% worsened compared to a normal week. Compared to normal, sleep duration in lockdown increased by 0.24 h (95% CI; 0.13, 0.35; p < 0.001, d = 0.198). More under-weight (32.4%) and obese (34.1%) respondents reported worsened quality of sleep in lockdown compared with normal (25.6%) and overweight participants (22.7%) (p = 0.006, Cramer's φ = 0.191). A small effect for BMI group on sleep duration was observed (p = 0.011, η2 = 0.023), where overweight and obese slept less (-0.44 h and -0.66 h, respectively) than normal weight participants. Subjects with the highest percentage of increased food consumption reported decreased sleep duration (p = 0.012) and worsened sleep quality (p = 0.003). Compared with a normal week, physical activity of a high and moderate intensity decreased for 43.0% and 37.0% of participants, did not change in 32.9% and 36.1% of participants, and increased in 24.1% 26.9%, respectively, whereas walking time decreased in 31.3%, did not change in 27.3%, and increased in 41.5% of participants. Increased high and moderate intensity physical activity was related with an improvement in sleep quality (p < 0.001). Those with decreasing walking time reported the highest percentage of decreased sleep quality (p = 0.006) and worsened sleep quality (p = 0.016). In conclusion, both quality and quantity of sleep were impaired during the second lockdown and the observed changes were associated with diet and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Papazisis
- Faculty of Mathematics, School of Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece;
| | | | - Georgia Trakada
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, 115 28 Athens, Greece;
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Testing the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic, with Partial Least Squares Second-Order Latent Constructs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126398. [PMID: 34199185 PMCID: PMC8296221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We tested the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) framework on Romanian students in order to identify actionable determinants to support participation in physical activity. Our sample consisted of 665 responses to an online survey, with participants aged 18-23 (mean = 19 years); 70% were women. We used the partial least squares algorithm to estimate the relationships between students' behavior and possible predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that all the theoretical dimensions of YPAP (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing) have a positive and significant impact on physical activity, with two mediating mechanisms expressed as predisposing factors: able and worth. Unlike previous research, we used second-order latent constructs, unveiling a particular structure for the enabling dimension that only includes sport competence, fitness and skills, but not the environmental factors.
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Exercise and fruit/vegetable intake, and their associations with body weight status in university students. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:545-554. [PMID: 33884886 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Background: evidence suggests that exposure to risk factors related to excess body weight is more frequent in the second and third decades of life. Thus, one of the most propitious environments for the acquisition of habits that can inhibit overweight is the university. Objective: to identify the frequency of aerobic and strength exercises and of fruit/vegetable intake in university students, and subsequently establish associations between both health behaviors and excess body weight. Methods: the sample was comprised of 5,310 university students. An online questionnaire was used to collect the frequency of exercises and fruit/vegetable intake. The body mass index was used to define body weight status. The data were analyzed statistically by employing a bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Results: the practice of aerobic and strength exercises was reported by 80.4 % and 51.6 % of the sample, respectively. Only 13 % of the surveyed university students had an adequate fruit/vegetable intake. The proportion of excess body weight was 39.1 %, the condition being significantly higher in men. The risk for excess body weight identified in the university students who reported not consuming fruits/vegetables daily was two to three times higher than in their peers who reported an adequate intake (women: OR = 2.92 [95 % CI 2.07-4.12]; men: OR = 1.98 [95 % CI 1.41-3.02]). Exposure to the risk for excess body weight was progressively lower as the reported frequency of aerobic exercise became higher. Conclusion: these findings suggest the need to promote initiatives aimed at the preparation and implementation of health education and promotion programs in the university context, through actions of guidance about exercise and food intake that may help to minimize the risks of onset and development of excess body weight.
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How strongly connected are positive affect and physical exercise? Results from a large general population study of young adults. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2020; 2:e3103. [DOI: 10.32872/cpe.v2i4.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Previous research has shown a link between low positive affect (PA) and numerous physical and psychological well-being outcomes but, recent research has raised the possibility that this relationship may be driven by physical activity. Thus, we were interested in exploring the PA-exercise connection by examining this relationship across differing levels of body mass and athleticism. We also looked at whether the item “active” that is used in many PA assessments was responsible for this effect.
Method
Participants were part of the Norwegian SHoT2018 national survey of 50,054 young adults (mean age = 23.2, 68.9% women), who completed electronic surveys about their exercise levels (duration, frequency and intensity) and affect.
Results
There was a clear and strong dose-response association between current state PA and the duration, frequency and intensity of exercise. For example, duration, magnitude, and slope effects were strongly driven by regular exercisers who had more than a 20-fold greater likelihood of being in the highest PA deciles compared to the least frequent exercisers. These dose-response connections replicated across both healthy and overweight BMIs, as well as in elite athletes. Removing the word “active” from the PA measure substantially reduced the size of this association, although the dose-response relationship remained.
Conclusion
The observed strong connections have critical implications for health researchers and clinicians, and point to a need to carefully consider what types of activities are most strongly tied to well-being.
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Arabi-Mianrood H, Hamzehgardeshi Z, Jahanfar S, Moosazadeh M, Khoori E, Shahhosseini Z. Exploring the relationship between health concerns and high-risk behaviours in Medical Sciences' students. Nurs Open 2020; 7:2009-2018. [PMID: 33072386 PMCID: PMC7544888 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The need to cope with life concerns may drive an individual to resort to high‐risk behaviours. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health concerns and high‐risk behaviours. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods We sampled 926 Medical Sciences' students from the North of Iran from September–December 2017 using the stratified sampling method. Results The most and less common high‐risk behaviour was physical inactivity (97.5%) and high‐risk sexual behaviour (15.7%), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, participants' concerns about human sexuality (AOR: 1.39; CI: 1.22, 1.57), injury prevention and control (AOR: 1.12; CI: 1.01, 1.20), nutrition (AOR: 1.13; CI: 1.02, 1.26) and emotional health (AOR: 1.08; CI: 1.02, 1.15) increased the odds of risky behaviours. Among Medical Sciences' students, health concerns are linked with risky behaviours. The result of this study can be used to develop relevant interventions targeting mental health to reduce risky behaviour among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Arabi-Mianrood
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery Student Research Committee Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Ph.D in Reproductive Epidemiology Department of Community Health Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant MI USA
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Department of Epidemiology Health Sciences Research Center Addiction Institute Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Elham Khoori
- Department of Midwifery, Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| | - Zohreh Shahhosseini
- Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery Ph.D in Reproductive Health, Sexual and Reproductive Health Research Center Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
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Correlations between Excessive Body Mass Index, Body Perception, Physical Activity, and Respiratory Functions among Youths in an Urban Setting of Vietnam. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9627605. [PMID: 32908929 PMCID: PMC7463419 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9627605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Young adults are susceptible to overweight and obesity and their adverse outcomes. However, limited studies have been conducted to understand this health problem in Vietnamese youths. This study was conducted to examine the rate of overweight and obesity, as well as the relationship between this condition on body perception, physical activity, and respiratory function among young adults in Hanoi, Vietnam. We performed a cross-sectional survey with 367 students aged 18-25 years at the Hanoi University of Pharmacy from June 2017 to June 2018. The result showed that the rate of overweight and obesity in our sample was 16.6%. There were 55.7% of overweight/obese students having the misperception of their body image. Results of multivariate regression analysis showed that overweight/obesity increased nearly three times (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5-5.0) the ability to be active. Overweight/obese students with physical activity had a better respiratory function. To conclude, this study underlined the associations between overweight and obesity with physical activity, body image, and respiratory function in our young sample. Further longitudinal studies should be warranted to examine their causal relationships.
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Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235419. [PMID: 32589694 PMCID: PMC7319292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and chronic pain are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although the health benefits of regular physical exercise are well-documented, few large epidemiological studies have investigated the association between specific domains of physical exercise and chronic pain in young adults. We sought to investigate the association between frequency, intensity and duration of physical exercise, and chronic pain. Methods Data stem from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 36,625 fulltime students aged 18–35 years completed all relevant questionnaires. Chronic pain, defined according to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), was assessed with a newly developed hierarchical digital instrument for reporting both distribution and characteristics of pain in predefined body regions. Physical exercise was assessed using three sets of questions, measuring the number of times exercising each week, and the average intensity and the number of hours each time. Results The majority (54%) of the students reported chronic pain in at least one location, and the prevalence was especially high among women. The overall pattern was an inverse dose-response association between exercise and chronic pain: the more frequent, harder or longer the physical exercise, the lower the risk of chronic pain. Similar findings were generally also observed for the number of pain locations: frequent exercise was associated with fewer pain locations. Adjusting for demographical, lifestyle factors and depression had little effect on the magnitude of the associations. Conclusion Given the many health benefits of regular exercise, there is much to be gained in facilitating college and university students to be more physically active, ideally, thru a joint responsibility between political and educational institutions. Due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, one should be careful to draw a firm conclusion about the direction of causality.
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Huaman-Carhuas L, Bolaños-Sotomayor N. Sobrepeso, obesidad y actividad física en estudiantes de enfermería pregrado de una universidad privada. ENFERMERÍA NEFROLÓGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.37551/s2254-28842020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La obesidad es un factor de riesgo directo para la aparición y desarrollo de patologías crónicas no transmisibles, como la diabetes, hipertensión, enfermedad renal y cardiovascular. El sobrepeso y obesidad están relacionados entre otros factores a la inactividad física en los diferentes grupos etáreos, lo cual genera un problema de salud pública que requiere atención oportuna y estrategias de prevención y control en la población. Objetivos: Determinar el sobrepeso, obesidad y su relación con la actividad física, en los estudiantes de enferme-ría pre grado de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 2017. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal y analítico, con una muestra aleatoria extraída de 198 alumnos, a quienes se les aplicó el instrumento validado Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física, previamente se tomaron medidas de peso, talla y calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Los estadísticos utilizados para medir la asociación fueron Tau-C de Kendall y coeficiente D de Somers. Resultados: Del total de la muestra, el 14,1 % tienen obesidad, 31,7% sobrepeso, y el 52,8% están en condición normal. Respecto a la actividad física los estudiantes realizan actividad física baja y moderada con el 40,8% y 53,5% respectivamente, el 5,6% de los participantes realiza actividad física alta, destacando el sexo femenino en mayor proporción. Conclusión: Existe una relación inversa entre la actividad física y las categorías de IMC, a mayor IMC se evidencia baja actividad física en la población de estudio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Huaman-Carhuas
- Profesor de la Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima. Perú. Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren. Callao. Perú
| | - Nidia Bolaños-Sotomayor
- Profesor de la Facultad de Enfermería. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima. Perú. Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Militar Central. Lima. Perú
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Grasdalsmoen M, Eriksen HR, Lønning KJ, Sivertsen B. Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:175. [PMID: 32299418 PMCID: PMC7164166 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and mental health problems are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although several studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular physical exercise, few epidemiological studies have investigated the nature of the association between different aspects of physical exercise and mental health, and little is known regarding the possible link to suicidality. STUDY AIM To examine the association between frequency, intensity, and duration of physical exercise and mental health problems, and to explore whether low levels of physical activity is related to self-harm and suicide attempts among college and university students. METHODS We employed data from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 50,054 students aged 18-35 years participated. Physical exercise was assessed with three questions (frequency, intensity, and duration). Mental health problems were assessed with both a screening tool assessing psychological distress (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25; HSCL-25) and self-reported depressive disorder (using a pre-defined list of conditions). Suicide attempts and self-harm were assessed with two items from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. RESULTS Physical exercise was negatively associated with all measures of mental health problems and suicidality in a dose-response manner. The strongest effect-sizes were observed for frequency of physical exercise. Women with low levels of physical activity had a near three-fold increased odds of both scoring high on the HSCL-25, and self-reported depression, compared to women exercising almost every day. Even stronger effect-sizes were observed for men (ORs ranging from 3.5 to 4.8). Also, physical exercise duration and intensity were significantly associated with mental health problems, but with generally smaller ORs. Similarly, graded associations were also observed when examining the link to self-harm and suicide attempts (ORs ranging from 1.9 to 2.5). CONCLUSION Given the demonstrated dose-response association between inactivity and both poor mental health, self-harm, and suicidal attempt, there is a need to facilitate college students to become more physically active. This is a shared responsibility that resides both on a political level and on the post-secondary institutions. The cross-sectional nature of the study means that one should be careful to draw firm conclusion about the direction of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grasdalsmoen
- grid.477239.cDepartment of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hege Randi Eriksen
- grid.477239.cDepartment of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kari Jussie Lønning
- grid.457609.90000 0000 8838 7932The Norwegian Medical Association, Oslo, Norway ,The Student Welfare Association of Oslo and Akershus (SSiO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway, Postboks 973 Sentrum, 5808, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Research & Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway. .,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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