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Lei R, Zhang L, Liu X, Liu C, Xiao Y, Xue B, Wang Z, Hu J, Ren Z, Luo B. Residential greenspace and blood lipids in an essential hypertension population: Mediation through PM 2.5 and chemical constituents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117418. [PMID: 37852460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) adversely affects blood lipids, while residential greenspace exposure may improve blood lipids levels. However, the association between exposure to residential greenspace and blood lipids has not been adequately studied, especially in vulnerable populations (e.g. people with essential hypertension). This study aimed to assess the association between residential greenspace exposure and blood lipids, and to clarify whether PM2.5 and chemical constituents was mediator of it. We used a period (May 2010 to December 2011) from the Chinese national hypertension project. The residential greenspace was estimated using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was used to assess the association between exposure to residential greenspace and blood lipids, and the mediation model was used to examine whether there was a mediating effect of PM2.5 and chemical constituents on that association. The exposure to residential greenspace was negatively associated with the decreased risk of dyslipidemia, especially short-term exposure. For example, the odd ratioshort-term for dyslipidemia was 0.915 (95% CI:0.880 to 0.950). This association was strengthened by physical activity and participants living in the North. PM2.5 and chemical constituents were important mediators in this association, with the proportion of mediators ranging from -5.02% to 26.33%. The association between exposure to residential greenspace and dyslipidemia in this essential hypertensive population, especially participants living in the North and doing daily physical activity, was mediated by PM2.5 and chemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyi Lei
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Spatial Planning and Design, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Ce Liu
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ya Xiao
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Baode Xue
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zengwu Wang
- Division of Prevention and Community Health, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jihong Hu
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Zhoupeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, 200030, China; Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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Lane A, Whitaker KM, Tahir M, Barone Gibbs B, Catov J, Carnethon M, Gunderson EP. Associations of Physical Activity and Lactation Duration With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study. JACC. ADVANCES 2023; 2:100378. [PMID: 37584014 PMCID: PMC10426753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and lactation benefit cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to describe the joint associations of PA and lactation with cardiometabolic risk. METHODS We averaged PA across exams and summed lifetime lactation in Black and White parous women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Categories were created for PA (-PA: RESULTS The median PA was 256 exercise units and 54% reported lactation duration of ≥3 months. Of 1,068 participants, 303 were in the -PA/-L category, 231 in -PA/+L, 184 in +PA/-L, and 350 in +PA/+L. +PA/+L participants were older, had more years of education, lower body mass index, gained less weight, and less likely to be Black vs -PA/-L participants. Risk scores differed between categories except -PA/+L and +PA/-L (P = 0.08): -PA/-L: 0.23+/-0.04, -PA/+L: 0.08+/-0.04, +PA/-L: -0.02+/-0.05, and +PA/+L: -0.23+/-0.03. After adjustment, +PA/+L was associated with a lower/better risk score (β = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.25 to -0.04). CONCLUSIONS Above average PA throughout adulthood combined with ≥3 months of lactation was associated with lower risk scores. Participants with either behavior had lower risk vs those with neither behavior. Attaining these levels of behaviors may reduce cardiometabolic risk in parous women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi Lane
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kara M. Whitaker
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Muna Tahir
- ICON plc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of West Virginia, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Janet Catov
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magee-Women’s Research Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mercedes Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erica P. Gunderson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
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Cleven L, Dziuba A, Krell-Roesch J, Schmidt SCE, Bös K, Jekauc D, Woll A. Longitudinal associations between physical activity and five risk factors of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in Germany. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:82. [PMID: 37098550 PMCID: PMC10131386 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the longitudinal association between (change in) physical activity (PA) with new onset of five risk factors of metabolic syndrome among 657 middle-aged adults (mean age 44.1 (standard deviation (SD) 8.6) years) who were free of the respective outcome at baseline, in a longitudinal cohort study spanning over 29 years. METHODS Levels of habitual PA and sports-related PA were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Incident elevated waist circumference (WC), elevated triglycerides (TG), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterols (HDL), elevated blood pressure (BP), and elevated blood-glucose (BG) were assessed by physicians and by self-reported questionnaires. We calculated Cox proportional hazard ratio regressions and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Over time, participants developed (cases of incident risk factor; mean (SD) follow-up time) elevated WC (234 cases; 12.3 (8.2) years), elevated TG (292 cases; 11.1 (7.8) years), reduced HDL (139 cases; 12.4 (8.1) years), elevated BP (185 cases; 11.4 (7.5) years), or elevated BG (47 cases; 14.2 (8.5) years). For PA variables at baseline, risk reductions ranging between 37 and 42% for reduced HDL levels were detected. Furthermore, higher levels of PA (≥ 16.6 METh per week) were associated with a 49% elevated risk for incident elevated BP. Participants who increased PA levels over time, had risk reductions ranging between 38 and 57% for elevated WC, elevated TG and reduced HDL. Participants with stable high amounts of PA from baseline to follow-up had risk reductions ranging between 45 and 87% for incident reduced HDL and elevated BG. CONCLUSIONS PA at baseline, starting PA engagement, maintaining and increasing PA level over time are associated with favorable metabolic health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cleven
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Anna Dziuba
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Sport Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, 60487, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janina Krell-Roesch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen C E Schmidt
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Klaus Bös
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Seko T, Akasaka H, Koyama M, Himuro N, Saitoh S, Miura T, Mori M, Ohnishi H. Preserved Lower Limb Muscle Mass Prevents Insulin Resistance Development in Nondiabetic Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:376-381.e1. [PMID: 36592939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate roles of sarcopenia indexes in prediction of development of insulin resistance in nondiabetic older adults. DESIGN A 2-year follow-up cohort. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The Tanno-Sobetsu study, a prospective observational cohort, included 194 community-dwelling nondiabetic older adults during 2017-2019. METHODS Lower limb, upper limb, appendicular, and trunk muscle masses by a bioelectrical impedance analysis, grip strength, knee extension torque, and walking speed were measured in study participants aged ≥65 years (79 men and 115 women) at baseline. Muscle mass and strength were divided by the weight, and then multiplied by 100 to calculate the weight ratio (%). Insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model (HOMA-IR) at baseline, and the study participants whose HOMA-IR was less than 1.73 at baseline were followed for a maximum of 2 years. The study endpoint was development of insulin resistance defined as HOMA-IR ≥1.73. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of each sarcopenia component for development of insulin resistance was calculated. RESULTS Lower limb muscle mass (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.98) and appendicular muscle mass (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.99), but not other sarcopenia components, were associated with the development of insulin resistance, independently of sex and age, HOMA-IR, and waist circumference at baseline. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The loss of lower limb muscle mass is a significant risk factor for development of insulin resistance independently of obesity in nondiabetic older adults. The lower limb muscle mass may be a novel target of interventions for the prevention of diabetes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Seko
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Japan; Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Akasaka
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Masayuki Koyama
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Himuro
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mori
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Wang Q, Li X, Zhong W, Liu H, Feng C, Song C, Yu B, Fu Y, Lin X, Yin Y, Chen T, Reinhardt JD, Yang S. Residential greenness and dyslipidemia risk: Dose-response relations and mediation through BMI and air pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114810. [PMID: 36395867 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on associations of residential greenness with dyslipidemia is limited, particularly regarding dose-response relations and mediation. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations between greenness and dyslipidemia, non-linear dose-response relationships and mediators. METHODS This cross-sectional study draws on the 2018 Fujian Behavior and Disease Surveillance (FBDS) cohort that used multi-stage stratified random sampling from the general population of Fujian Province, China. Participants with one or more abnormities in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were classified as having dyslipidemia. Residential greenness was operationalized as 3-year average of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI500m) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI500m). A doubly robust approach was used for effect quantification. Dose-response relations were studied with natural cubic splines. Mediation via physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 was also examined. RESULTS Data from 43,183 participants were analyzed. Increases in NDVI500m and EVI500m residential greenness were associated with decreased dyslipidemia risk and improved blood lipids. Non-linear dose response relationships were discovered. Significant reduction of dyslipidemia risk was observed at levels of EVI500m > 0.48 and NDVI500m > 0.65. Joint mediation effects of PA, BMI, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 on the associations of NDVI500m and EVI500m with dyslipidemia risk were 49.74% and 44.64%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Increased residential exposure to greenness was associated with decreased risk of dyslipidemia. A non-linear dose-response relationship between greenness and dyslipidemia suggests that specific thresholds of greenness need to be reached in order to achieve effects. BMI, PM2.5, and PM10 partially mediated the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjian Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenling Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanteng Feng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Song
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Fu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Yin
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiehui Chen
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jan D Reinhardt
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital/Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China; Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland; Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Effect of High-Intensity Strength and Endurance Training in the Form of Small Circuits on Changes in Lipid Levels in Men Aged 35–40 Years. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175146. [PMID: 36079074 PMCID: PMC9457363 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood lipid profiles consist of total cholesterol (TC) and its fractions, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL), and triglycerides (TG). For several decades, studies have examined the effects of various factors on lipid status and its association with the risk of developing arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The beneficial effects of increased physical activity on cardiovascular health have been demonstrated by appropriate modulation of lipid profiles. For individuals with low physical activity, the literature recommends engaging in various forms of training that can improve physical fitness and resting lipid status. The aim of the study was to examine whether a specific original training program improves lipid profiles to the levels recommended for the male population. Methods: The study involved two equal (n = 15) groups of men (experimental and control groups, aged 35–40 years). The experimental group performed 60-min training sessions for 8 weeks (3 times a week) including a set of strength and endurance exercises. Before and after the training program, blood was drawn from both groups for serum determination of TC, HDL, LDL non-HDL, and TG, and a battery of four field physical performance tests was administered. Results: Statistically significant decreases (TC by 19.3%, TG by 23.7%, LDL by 15%), a non-significant decrease (10% for non-HDL), and no change for HDL were found in the experimental group. Control group showed a statistically significant decrease, by 7.4% for TC. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed training in improving health indices. Conclusions: The 8-week training program met the health-related fitness paradigm recommended for physical activity in men aged 35–40 years. After the completion of the program, all the participants expressed their satisfaction from participating in a health-promoting experiment.
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Sadabadi F, Zirak RG, Ghazizadeh H, Rastgar Moghadam A, Mouhebati M, Ehyaei S, Fadihe FT, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Physical activity level (PAL) and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in the MASHAD study cohort. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102316. [PMID: 34739910 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The relationship between physical activity levels (PAL) and the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as anthropometric and biochemical indices and heat shock proteins 27 antibody (anti-HSP-27) concentration, and serum inflammatory markers, was investigated in the MASHAD cohort study. METHODS The overall study population consisted of 9,684 subjects (3,858 men, 5,826 women) with a mean age of 47.73 ± 8.08 to 48.87 ± 9.26 years respectively. They were divided into four categories based on their PAL. Biochemical parameters were determined for all participants. Also, serum anti-HSP-27 levels were measured using an in-house enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay method. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the association between the anti-HSP antibody titers and physical activity after adjusting for confounding factors. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Several CVD risk factors were associated with the level of PAL including: body mass index, waist hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum HDL-C and TG (p < 0.001) and also fasting blood glucose (0.004). Also, serum anti-HSP-27 titers were significantly higher in inactive subjects (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION We found that PAL was significantly associated with several established CVD risk factors. Also, the level of anti-HSP-27 was lower in individuals with moderate and high PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadabadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roshanak Ghaffarian Zirak
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azam Rastgar Moghadam
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mouhebati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Ehyaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fattaneh Tavassoli Fadihe
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare-Feyzabadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Na X, Chen Y, Ma X, Wang D, Wang H, Song Y, Hua Y, Wang P, Liu A. Relations of Lifestyle Behavior Clusters to Dyslipidemia in China: A Compositional Data Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157763. [PMID: 34360055 PMCID: PMC8345671 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is associated with lifestyle behaviors, while several lifestyle behaviors exist collectively among some populaitons. This study aims to identify lifestyle behavior clusters and their relations to dyslipidemia. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuhai City, China. Cluster analysis combined with compositional data analysis was conducted, with 24-h time-use on daily activities and dietary patterns as input variables. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to compare dyslipidemia among clusters. A total of 4306 participants were included. A higher prevalence of newly diagnosed dyslipidemia was found among participants in cluster 1 (long sedentary behavior (SB) and the shortest sleep, high-salt and oil diet) /cluster 5 (the longest SB and short sleep), relative to the other clusters in both age groups (<50 years and ≥50 years). In conclusion, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors may exist together among some of the population, suggesting that these people are potential subjects of health education and behavior interventions. Future research should be conducted to investigate the relative significance of specific lifestyle behaviors in relation to dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Na
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
| | - Yangyang Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaochuan Ma
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
| | - Dongping Wang
- Wuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia 016099, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Haojie Wang
- Wuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia 016099, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yang Song
- Wuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia 016099, China; (D.W.); (H.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yumeng Hua
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
| | - Aiping Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (X.N.); (Y.C.); (X.M.); (Y.H.); (P.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-8280-1519
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Ranasinghe C, Devage S, Constantine GR, Katulanda P, Hills AP, King NA. Glycemic and cardiometabolic effects of exercise in South Asian Sri Lankans with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial Sri Lanka diabetes aerobic and resistance training study (SL-DARTS). Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:77-85. [PMID: 33310265 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To examine the effects of aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) compared to standard care on glycemic control in South Asian Sri Lankan adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel-group design recruited 86 sedentary Sri Lankans (aged 35-65 years) with T2DM into aerobic training (AT, n = 28), resistance training (RT, n = 28) and control (CN, n = 30) groups. Supervised progressive exercise training consisting of 75 min per session, 2 days per week for 12 weeks was conducted. The primary outcome was pre- and post-intervention absolute change in hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c). Secondary outcomes were serum lipids, liver enzymes, chronic inflammatory status, anthropometry, body composition and blood pressure. RESULTS The absolute change in HbA1c of RT vs. CN was -0.08% (95% CI, 0.8% to -0.7%, p = 0.8) and AT vs. CN was -0.22% (95% CI, 0.95% to -0.5%). Subgroup analysis (n = 49) with a high baseline HbA1c (>7.5%), absolute reduction in HbA1c in exercise groups were statistically significant (RT vs. CN was -0.37%; 95% CI 1.3% to -0.6%, p = 0.04 and AT vs. CN was -0.57%; 95% CI 1.7% to -0.6%, p = 0.03). The effect sizes (total and subgroup HbA1c >7.5%) ranged from 0.7 to 1.0 in AT, 0.4 to 1.1 in RT compared to 0.35 to 0.6 for the CN. Secondary outcomes did not significantly differ among groups. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training 2 days/week improved glycemic control in Sri Lankan adults with T2DM and the effects were significant in high baseline HbA1c (>7.5%) groups (RT > AT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathuranga Ranasinghe
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit & Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| | - Sabeena Devage
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit & Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Godwin R Constantine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Prasad Katulanda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia; School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Neil A King
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
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10
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Fan S, Yang BY, Xue Z, Huang WZ, Zhou Z, Yuan J, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Tang X, Dong G, Yang Z, Zhang Z. Associations between residential greenness and blood lipids in Chinese Uyghur adults. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105903. [PMID: 32603970 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Several studies have explored the associations of greenness with blood lipids. However, the evidence is still limited and mixed, especially in rural areas. METHODS From May to September 2016, we recruited 4735 Uyghur adults from rural areas of northwestern China. We measured levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Two satellite-derived vegetation indices - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) - were used to estimate residential greenness levels. The associations between exposure to residential greenness and blood lipids levels and dyslipidemia prevalence were examined using the Generalized Linear Mixed Models. RESULTS Living in greener areas was associated with lower TG levels, higher HDL-C levels, and lower odds of hypoalphalipoproteinemia (e.g., per 0.20-unit increase in NDVI100 m was associated with 0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.001, 0.03) higher levels of HDL-C and 0.87-fold (95% CI: 0.77, 0.98) lower odds of hypoalphalipoproteinemia). These associations remained in a series of sensitivity analyses. Stratified analyses showed that the associations of NDVI100 m with LDL-C and HDL-C levels were stronger in women and in participants with higher education level. CONCLUSIONS Higher greenness exposure was beneficially associated with blood lipids among rural Uyghur population in China, especially among women or those with higher education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Fan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhenxiang Xue
- Shufu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar 844100, China
| | - Wen-Zhong Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ziyan Zhou
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Shufu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar 844100, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
| | - Zhoubin Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
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11
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Zhong C, Voutsinas J, Willey JZ, Lakshminarayan K, Lacey JV, Chung NT, Woo D, Elkind MSV, Wang SS. Physical Activity, Hormone Therapy Use, and Stroke Risk among Women in the California Teachers Study Cohort. Neuroepidemiology 2020; 54:320-325. [PMID: 32045925 DOI: 10.1159/000505970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) increases the risk of stroke. Here we evaluate whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) can change stroke risk in women using HT, leveraging data from the California Teachers Study. METHODS Female California educators without a prior history of stroke (n = 118,294) were followed from 1995 through 2015 for stroke end points. Based on statewide hospitalization data, 4,437 women had ischemic (n = 3,162; International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-9 433, 434, 436) or hemorrhagic (n = 1,275; ICD-9 430-432, excluding 432.1) stroke. LTPA and HT use were evaluated at 2 time points (baseline [1995-1996] and 10-year follow-up [2005-2006]). LTPA was assessed using American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations (>150 min/week moderate or >75 min/week strenuous physical activity). Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between HT use and concurrent LTPA with incident stroke. RESULTS Compared to women who never used HT, stroke risk was highest among women who were current HT users and did not meet AHA recommendations for LTPA at the time of their HT use: HRbaseline 1.28 (95% CI 1.13-1.44); HR10-year follow-up 1.17 (95% CI 0.91-1.50). Based on the baseline questionnaire, current HT users who met AHA recommendations for LTPA in 1995-1996 still had elevated stroke risk in the 20-year follow-up (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08-1.37). However, among current HT users who met AHA recommendations for LTPA at the 2005-2006 follow-up questionnaire, stroke risk was not elevated (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.80-1.29). Evaluation of the 2 time points in concert further demonstrated that meeting AHA recommendations for LTPA at the most recent follow-up time point was required to reduce HT-related stroke risk. CONCLUSION Concurrent physical activity may attenuate the short-term increase in risk of stroke risk associated with HT use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Zhong
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute and the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA,
| | - Jenna Voutsinas
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute and the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Joshua Z Willey
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kamakshi Lakshminarayan
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - James V Lacey
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute and the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Nadia T Chung
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute and the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Daniel Woo
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mitchell S V Elkind
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sophia S Wang
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute and the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
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Nishida Y, Hachiya T, Hara M, Shimanoe C, Tanaka K, Sutoh Y, Shimizu A, Hishida A, Tsukamoto M, Kadomatsu Y, Oze I, Koyanagi YN, Kuriyama N, Koyama T, Ibusuki R, Takezaki T, Ikezaki H, Furusyo N, Takashima N, Kadota A, Uemura H, Katsuura-Kamano S, Suzuki S, Nakagawa-Senda H, Kuriki K, Mikami H, Nakamura Y, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Nakatochi M, Naito M, Wakai K. The interaction between ABCA1 polymorphism and physical activity on the HDL-cholesterol levels in a Japanese population. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:86-94. [PMID: 31694877 PMCID: PMC6939595 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p091546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the interactions between HDL-C-related SNPs identified by genome-wide association (GWA) study and physical activity (PA) on HDL-C. First, we conducted a sex-stratified GWA study in a discovery sample (2,231 men and 2,431 women) and replication sample (2,599 men and 3,109 women) to identify SNPs influencing log-transformed HDL-C in Japanese participants in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. We also replicated previously reported HDL-C-related SNPs in a combined (discovery plus replication) sample (4,830 men and 5,540 women). We then analyzed the interactions of the HDL-C-related SNPs with PA on HDL-C. The sex-stratified GWA analyses identified 11 and 10 HDL-C-related SNPs in men and women as targets for an interaction analysis. Among these, only one interaction of ABCA1 rs1883025 with PA was statistically significant in men, after Bonferroni correction [P-interaction = 0.001 (α = 0.05/21 = 0.002)]. The per-major-allele (C allele) increase in log-transformed HDL-C was lost in men with low PA (β = 0.008) compared with those with medium (β = 0.032) or high PA (β = 0.034). These findings suggest that the benefit of carrying a C allele of ABCA1 rs1883025 on enhancing HDL-C may be attenuated in inactive men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Hachiya
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sutoh
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Disaster Reconstruction Center, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Kadomatsu
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Divisions of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N Koyanagi
- Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nagato Kuriyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rie Ibusuki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Division of Data Science, Data Coordinating Center, Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Oral Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Mathew Joseph N, Misra R, Wang J. Mediating Role of Acculturation and Lifestyle Behaviors on Cardiometabolic Risk Among a National Sample of U.S. Asian Indians. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 22:727-735. [PMID: 31485817 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-019-00930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Asian Indians are the third largest and fastest growing Asian subgroup in the U.S. and have high risks for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study explored the mediating role of lifestyle behaviors on the relationship between acculturation and cardiometabolic risk factors among Asian Indians using the Diabetes in Indian Americans national study. The cross-sectional study sample comprised 1038 randomly selected adult Asian Indians in seven U.S. sites. Acculturation was assessed using the Acculturation Scale for Southeast Asians. Diet and lifestyle behaviors were measured using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II subscales. Path analyses with bootstrap methods were conducted. Dietary behavior significantly mediated the relationship between acculturation and HbA1C (β = 0.004, p = 0.047), and physical activity mediated the relationship between acculturation and HDL (β = 0.08, p = 0.011). Other mediation models were not significant (p > 0.05). Mediating factors besides lifestyle behaviors should be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitha Mathew Joseph
- Department of Undergraduate Studies, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6901 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ranjita Misra
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9190, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MC 7950, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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14
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Afaq S, Kooner AS, Loh M, Kooner JS, Chambers JC. Contribution of lower physical activity levels to higher risk of insulin resistance and associated metabolic disturbances in South Asians compared to Europeans. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216354. [PMID: 31063476 PMCID: PMC6504088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance and related metabolic disturbances are major risk factors for the higher T2D risk and associated morbidity and mortality amongst South Asians. The contribution of physical activity to the increased prevalence of insulin resistance and related disturbances amongst South Asians is unknown. METHODS We recruited 902 South Asian and European men and women, aged 35-85 years from the ongoing LOLIPOP study. Clinical characterisation comprised standardised questionnaire and measurement of height, weight, waist and hip circumference and blood pressure. Fasting bloods were taken for assessment of glucose, insulin, lipids and HbA1c. Physical activity was quantified using a validated accelerometer, Actigraph GT3X+, worn for 7 days. Univariate and multivariate approaches were used to investigate the relationship between ethnicity, physical activity, insulin resistance and related metabolic disturbances. RESULTS Total physical activity was ~31% (P = 0.01) lower amongst South Asians compared to Europeans (Mean MET.minutes [SD]: 1505.2 [52] vs. 2050.9 [86.6], P<0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, total physical activity had a negative association with HOMA-IR (B [SE]: -0.18 [0.08], P = 0.04) and fasting glucose levels (B[SE]: -0.11 [0.04], P = 0.02). There was no association between physical activity and other glycemic and lipid parameters. Total physical activity per week contributed towards the differences in insulin resistance and associated metabolic disturbances between South Asians and Europeans. CONCLUSION Lower levels of physical activity may contribute to the increased insulin resistance in South Asians compared to Europeans. Our results suggest that lifestyle modification through increased physical activity may help to improve glucose metabolism and reduce the burden of excess T2D and related complications amongst South Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Afaq
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Public health and Social Sciences, Khyber medical university, Peshawar, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Angad S. Kooner
- Hillingdon hospital, NHS Trust, Hillingdon, Greater London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Loh
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- NHLI, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C. Chambers
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Ealing Hospital, Southall, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Hirode G, Vittinghoff E, Bharmal NH, Kandula NR, Kanaya AM. The association of religious affiliation with cholesterol levels among South Asians: the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:75. [PMID: 30925868 PMCID: PMC6441170 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background South Asians have disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia, a contributing factor, may be influenced by lifestyle, which can vary by religious beliefs. Little is known about South Asian religions and associations with dyslipidemia. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of the MASALA study (n = 889). We examined the associations between religious affiliation and cholesterol levels using multivariate linear regression models. We determined whether smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and dietary pattern mediated these associations. Results Mean LDL was 112 ± 32 mg/dL, median HDL was 48 mg/dL (IQR:40–57), and median triglycerides was 118 mg/dL (IQR:88–157). Muslims had higher LDL and triglycerides, and lower HDL, while participants with no religious affiliation had lower LDL and higher HDL. The difference in HDL between Muslims and those with no religious affiliation was partly explained by alcohol consumption. Conclusions Religion-specific tailoring of interventions designed to promote healthy lifestyle to reduce cholesterol among South Asians may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grishma Hirode
- OakCare Medical Group, Highland Hospital, 1411 E 31st St, Oakland, CA, 94602, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- UCSF Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 550 16th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Nazleen H Bharmal
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 200 Independence Avenue, Washington DC, 20201, USA
| | - Namratha R Kandula
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 N Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- UCSF Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 550 16th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. .,UCSF Division of General Internal Medicine, 1545 Divisadero Street, Suite 311, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
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16
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Plasma lipidome variation during the second half of the human lifespan is associated with age and sex but minimally with BMI. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214141. [PMID: 30893377 PMCID: PMC6426235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based techniques have inspired research into lipidomics, a subfield of ‘–omics’, which aims to identify and quantify large numbers of lipids in biological extracts. Although lipidomics is becoming increasingly popular as a screening tool for understanding disease mechanisms, it is largely unknown how the lipidome naturally varies by age and sex in healthy individuals. We aimed to identify cross-sectional associations of the human lipidome with ‘physiological’ ageing, using plasma from 100 subjects with an apolipoprotein E (APOE) E3/E3 genotype, and aged between 56 to 100 years. Untargeted analysis was performed by liquid chromatography coupled-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and data processing using LipidSearch software. Regression analyses confirmed a strong negative association of age with the levels of various lipid, which was stronger in males than females. Sex-related differences include higher LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, particular sphingomyelins (SM), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing phospholipid levels in females. Surprisingly, we found a minimal relationship between lipid levels and body mass index (BMI). In conclusion, our results suggest substantial age and sex-related variation in the plasma lipidome of healthy individuals during the second half of the human lifespan. In particular, globally low levels of blood lipids in the ‘oldest old’ subjects over 95 years could signify a unique lipidome associated with extreme longevity.
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Ye J, Guo Q, Wang W, Sun Y, Zeng Q. Separate and combined associations of physical activity and obesity with lipid-related indices in non-diabetic and diabetic patients. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:49. [PMID: 30755212 PMCID: PMC6371482 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-0987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the separate and combined associations of physical activity and obesity with blood lipids in Chinese adults with and without diabetes. METHODS Data of 17,535 participants aged 18 to 78 years old were collected. Physical activity was categorized as inactive (low) or active (moderate or high) according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations of physical activity and obesity with lipid-related indices. RESULTS Compared with physically active participants, inactive participants had higher triglyceride (TG) level, lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, and higher odds ratios for abnormal TG and HDL-C. Compared with non-obese participants, obese participants had higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lower HDL-C level, and higher odds ratios for the four abnormal lipid indices. Inactive obese participants had highest levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, lowest HDL-C level, and highest odds ratios compared to the other groups. No significant associations were found between obesity and TC, LDL-C in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of diabetes, physical inactivity and obesity were associated with the presences of abnormal TG and HDL-C. Moreover, there were additive effects on blood lipids when physical inactivity and obesity co-occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhang
- Institute of Health Management, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Information Technology of Sports and Health, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- Research Center for Information Technology of Sports and Health, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ye
- Research Center for Information Technology of Sports and Health, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Institute of Health Management, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Sun
- Research Center for Information Technology of Sports and Health, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Institute of Health Management, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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Analysis of the PPARD Gene Expression Level Changes in Football Players in Response to the Training Cycle. Balkan J Med Genet 2018; 21:19-25. [PMID: 30425906 PMCID: PMC6231314 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The PPARD gene codes protein that belongs to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family engaged in a variety of biological processes, including lipid metabolism in muscle cells. In this study, we assess the relationship between PPARD gene expression lipid metabolism parameters and the variation of the PPARD gene expression before (T1) and after 12 hours of training (T2) sessions in a group of football players. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from 22 football players (17.5±0.7 years, 178±0.7 cm, 68.05±9.18 kg). The PPARD gene expression, analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), was significantly higher after T2 (p = 0.0006). Moreover, at the end of the training cycle, there was a significant decrease in relative fat tissue (FAT) (%) (p = 0.01) and absolute FAT (kg) (p = 0.01). A negative correlation was observed between absolute FAT (kg) and PPARD gene expression level in T2 (p = 0.03). The levels of cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) fractions were not significantly different (p >0.05) before and after training. No significant relationship between PPARD expression and cholesterol or TG levels was found. We found that physical training affects PPARD expression. Moreover, the negative correlation between PPARD expression and absolute FAT (kg) level may be indicative of the contribution of PPARD in metabolic adaptation to increased lipid uptake that can be used to control the body composition of athletes.
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Clement J, Wong M, Poljak A, Sachdev P, Braidy N. The Plasma NAD + Metabolome Is Dysregulated in "Normal" Aging. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 22:121-130. [PMID: 30124109 PMCID: PMC6482912 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential pyridine nucleotide that serves as an electron carrier in cellular metabolism and plays a crucial role in the maintenance of balanced redox homeostasis. Quantification of NAD+:NADH and NADP+:NADPH ratios are pivotal to a wide variety of cellular processes, including intracellular secondary messenger signaling by CD38 glycohydrolases, DNA repair by poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP), epigenetic regulation of gene expression by NAD-dependent histone deacetylase enzymes known as sirtuins, and regulation of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. We quantified changes in the NAD+ metabolome in plasma samples collected from consenting healthy human subjects across a wide age range (20-87 years) using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Our data show a significant decline in the plasma levels of NAD+, NADP+, and other important metabolites such as nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) with age. However, an age-related increase in the reduced form of NAD+ and NADP+-NADH and NADPH-and nicotinamide (NAM), N-methyl-nicotinamide (MeNAM), and the products of adenosine diphosphoribosylation, including adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) was also reported. Whereas, plasma levels of nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NAMN) showed no statistically significant changes across age groups. Taken together, our data cumulatively suggest that age-related impairments are associated with corresponding alterations in the extracellular plasma NAD+ metabolome. Our future research will seek to elucidate the role of modulating NAD+ metabolites in the treatment and prevention of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Wong
- 2 Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- 2 Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.,3 Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,4 School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- 2 Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.,5 Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- 2 Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia
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Motta K, Gomes PRL, Sulis PM, Bordin S, Rafacho A. Dexamethasone Administration During Late Gestation Has No Major Impact on Lipid Metabolism, but Reduces Newborn Survival Rate in Wistar Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:783. [PMID: 30018561 PMCID: PMC6038799 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A rise in plasma triacylglycerol levels is a common physiological occurrence during late gestation and excess of glucocorticoids (GCs) has been shown to impair lipid metabolism. Based on those observations, we investigated whether the administration of dexamethasone during the late gestational period could exacerbate this pregnancy associated hypertriacylglycerolemia in rats. For this, female Wistar rats were treated with dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg of body mass in the drinking water on days 14-19 of pregnancy; DP group) or equivalent days in the virgin rats (DV group). Untreated pregnant rats (control pregnant group) and age-matched virgin rats (control virgin group) were used as controls. Functional, biochemical, and molecular analyses were carried out after treatment with GC and in the control groups. Euthanasia was performed on day 20 of pregnancy. The metabolic parameters of the mothers (dams) at the time of weaning and 6 months later, as well as newborn survival, were evaluated. We observed that neither dexamethasone nor pregnancy affected blood glucose or glucose tolerance. Hypertriacylglycerolemia associated with lipid intolerance or reduced hepatic triacylglycerol clearance was observed during the late gestational period. GC treatment caused a further increase in basal plasma triacylglycerol levels, but did not have a significant effect on lipid tolerance and hepatic triacylglycerol clearance in pregnant rats. GC, but not pregnancy, caused few significant changes in mRNA expression of proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Dexamethasone during pregnancy had no impact on lipid metabolism later in the dams' life; however, it led to intra-uterine growth restriction and reduced pup survival rate. In conclusion, GC exposure during the late gestational period in rats has no major impact on maternal lipid homeostasis, soon after parturition at weaning, or later in the dams' life, but GC exposure is deleterious to the newborn when high doses are administered at late gestation. These data highlight the importance of performing an individualized and rigorous control of a GC treatment during late pregnancy considering its harmful impact on the fetuses' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Motta
- Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Patricia R L Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola M Sulis
- Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Silvana Bordin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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21
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Kawanishi N, Kato Y, Yokozeki K, Sawada S, Sakurai R, Fujiwara Y, Shinkai S, Goda N, Suzuki K. Effects of aging on serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis in Japanese men and women. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:135. [PMID: 29875018 PMCID: PMC5991438 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0785-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is known to be associated with increased risk of lipid disorders related to the development of type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence revealed that change of lipid molecule species in blood is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, changes in lipid molecular species induced by aging are still unknown. We assessed the effects of age on the serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis. Methods Serum samples were collected from ten elderly men (71.7 ± 0.5 years old) and women (70.2 ± 1.0 years old), ten young men (23.9 ± 0.4 years old), and women (23.9 ± 0.7 years old). Serum levels of lipid molecular species were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analysis. Results Our mass spectrometry analysis revealed increases in the levels of multiple triacylglycerol molecular species in the serum of elderly men and women. Moreover, serum levels of total ester-linked phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased by aging. In contrast, serum levels of specific ether-linked PC and PE molecular species were lower in elderly individuals than in young individuals. Conclusions Our finding indicates that specific lipid molecular species, such as ether- and ester- linked phospholipids, may be selectively altered by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Kawanishi
- Institute for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Waseda University, 513, Tsurunomaki, Waseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan. .,Chiba Institute of Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Narashino, Chiba, Japan. .,Guraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Yokozeki
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Sawada
- Institute for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Waseda University, 513, Tsurunomaki, Waseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan
| | - Ryota Sakurai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Goda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sports Science, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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22
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Ranasinghe C, Hills AP, Constantine GR, Finlayson G, Katulanda P, King NA. Study protocol: a randomised controlled trial of supervised resistance training versus aerobic training in Sri Lankan adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: SL-DART study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:176. [PMID: 29368598 PMCID: PMC5784545 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is rising globally. T2DM is particularly problematic in South Asia with an estimated 10–15% of Sri Lankans diagnosed with the disease. Exercise is known to improve blood glucose, lipid profiles, blood pressure and adiposity, key goals in the management of T2DM. However, much of the evidence to date has been gained from white Caucasians who have a different body composition and disease profile compared to South Asians. Similarly, the recreational exercise culture is new to Sri Lankans and the effects of exercise on T2DM has not been studied in this population. Methods The Sri Lanka Diabetes Aerobic and Resistance Training (SL-DART) Study will be comprised of 2 components. Component 1 is a 12-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare the effects of a supervised progressive resistance exercise program (RT) and aerobic exercise program (AT) with standard treatment/control (CN). Sedentary Sri Lankan adults with T2DM (aged 35–65 years) and with no contraindications to exercise will be randomized into one of 3 groups (AT, RT, CN). Exercise sessions will be conducted 2 days/week for 3 months. Baseline and post-intervention biochemical (glycemic control, lipid and liver profiles, inflammatory markers), anthropometric (height, weight, body circumferences), body composition, physical fitness, food preference (liking and wanting food) and quality of life parameters will be measured and compared between groups. Component 2 will be a qualitative study conducted immediately post-intervention via in-depth interviews to assess the barriers and facilitators for adherence to each exercise program. Discussion SL-DART Study represents one of the first adequately powered methodologically sound RCTs conducted in South Asia to assess the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise in participants with T2DM. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative outcomes will enable the design of a culturally appropriate therapeutic physical activity intervention for Sri Lankans with T2DM, and the initiation of a professionally driven and specialized clinical exercise prescription service. Trial registration Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry; SLCTR/2016/017. Date registered 17.06.2016. Universal trial number U1111–1181-7561.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ranasinghe
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. .,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. No 25, Kynsey road, Colombo, 08, Sri Lanka.
| | - A P Hills
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - G R Constantine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - G Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - P Katulanda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - N A King
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences & Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Ou SM, Chen YT, Shih CJ, Tarng DC. Impact of physical activity on the association between lipid profiles and mortality among older people. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8399. [PMID: 28827666 PMCID: PMC5567179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High serum lipid levels are independent predictors of mortality risk in the general population. Recent data suggest that this may not apply in the older populations, and even acts in the opposite direction. In consideration of the frail state, minimum amount of physical activity (60–100 minutes each week) may be more suitable for older individuals but its role in lipid profiles has never been explored. Between 2006 and 2010, we conducted a cohort study of 83,820 participants aged ≥65 years using the Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database. Participants were classified as inactive, low or high in their level of physical activity. Older individuals with lowest quintile of total cholesterol, non-HDL and HDL were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to those with other quintile of these lipid profiles. Compared to inactive older individuals, both low (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.81) and high active older individuals (aHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.51–0.59) were associated with lower risks of mortality. Physical activity, even minimum volume of exercise, in older people has to be encouraged to reduce the increased risk of mortality from low serum lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Ming Ou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Tai Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jen Shih
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuanshan Branch, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Lepsch J, Eshriqui I, Farias DR, Vaz JS, Cunha Figueiredo AC, Adegboye ARA, Brito A, Mokhtar R, Allen LH, Holick MF, Kac G. Association between early pregnancy vitamin D status and changes in serum lipid profiles throughout pregnancy. Metabolism 2017; 70:85-97. [PMID: 28403948 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between first trimester 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status and changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) concentrations, TG/HDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratios throughout pregnancy. We hypothesized that first trimester 25(OH)D inadequacy is associated with lower concentrations of HDL-c and higher LDL-c, TC, TG, TG/HDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratios throughout pregnancy. METHODS A prospective cohort study with 3 visits at 5-13 (baseline), 20-26, and 30-36 gestational weeks, recruited 194 pregnant women attending a public health care center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in the first trimester using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 25(OH)D concentrations were classified as adequate (≥75nmol/L) or inadequate (<75nmol/L). Serum TC, HDL-c, and TG concentrations were measured enzymatically. Crude and adjusted longitudinal linear mixed-effects models were employed to evaluate the association between the first trimester 25(OH)D status and changes in serum lipid concentrations throughout pregnancy. Confounders adjusted for in the multiple analysis were age, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), early pregnancy BMI, leisure time physical activity before pregnancy, energy intake, and gestational age. RESULTS At baseline, 69% of the women had inadequate concentrations of 25(OH)D. Women with 25(OH)D inadequacy had higher mean LDL-c than those with adequate concentrations (91.3 vs. 97.5mg/dL; P=0.064) at baseline. TC, HDL-c, LDL-c TG, TG/HDL-c ratios, and TC/HDL-c ratios, increased throughout pregnancy independently of 25(OH)D concentrations (ANOVA for repeated measures P<0.001). The adjusted models showed direct associations between the first trimester 25(OH)D status and changes in TC (β=9.53; 95%CI=1.12-17.94), LDL-c (β=9.99; 95% CI=3.62-16.36) concentrations, and TC/HDL-c ratios (β=0.16; 95% CI=0.01-0.31) throughout pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Inadequate plasma 25(OH)D concentrations during early pregnancy were associated with more pronounced changes of TC, LDL-c concentrations, and TC/HDL-c ratios throughout pregnancy. Changes in these cardiovascular markers suggest the importance of ensuring adequate vitamin D status at the beginning of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Lepsch
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ilana Eshriqui
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dayana Rodrigues Farias
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Vaz
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda C Cunha Figueiredo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Brito
- USDA, ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | | | - Lindsay H Allen
- USDA, ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, USA
| | | | - Gilberto Kac
- Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - CCS - Bloco J, Suite 29, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.
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25
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Faridi KF, Zhao D, Martin SS, Lupton JR, Jones SR, Guallar E, Ballantyne CM, Lutsey PL, Michos ED. Serum vitamin D and change in lipid levels over 5 y: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Nutrition 2017; 38:85-93. [PMID: 28526388 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, perhaps mediated through dyslipidemia. Deficient 25(OH)D is cross-sectionally associated with dyslipidemia, but little is known about longitudinal lipid changes. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of 25(OH)D deficiency to longitudinal lipid changes and risk for incident dyslipidemia. METHODS This was a longitudinal community-based study of 13 039 participants from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study who had 25(OH)D and lipids measured at baseline (1990-1992) and lipids remeasured in 1993 to 1994 and 1996 to 1998. Mixed-effect models were used to assess the association of 25(OH)D and lipid trends after adjusting for clinical characteristics and for baseline or incident use of lipid-lowering therapy. Risk for incident dyslipidemia was determined for those without baseline dyslipidemia. RESULTS Baseline mean ± SD age was 57 ± 6 y and 25(OH)D was 24 ± 9 ng/mL. Participants were 57% women, 24% black. Over a mean follow-up of 5.2 y, the fully adjusted average differences (95% confidence interval [CI]) comparing deficient (<20 ng/mL) to optimal (≥30 ng/mL) 25(OH)D were: total cholesterol (TC) -2.40 mg/dL (-4.21 to -0.60), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) -3.02 mg/dL (-3.73 to -2.32) and the ratio of TC to HDL-C 0.18 (0.11-0.26). Those with deficient compared with optimal 25(OH)D had modestly increased risk for incident dyslipidemia in demographic-adjusted models (relative risk [RR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39), which was attenuated in fully adjusted models (RR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.95-1.32). CONCLUSIONS Deficient 25(OH)D was prospectively associated with lower TC and HDL-C and a greater ratio of TC to HDL-C after considering factors such as diabetes and adiposity. Further work including randomized controlled trials is needed to better assess how 25(OH)D may affect lipids and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil F Faridi
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Seth S Martin
- Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua R Lupton
- Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven R Jones
- Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Ritti-Dias RM, Cucato GG, do Prado WL, Conceição RDO, Santos RD, Bittencourt MS. Self-initiated changes in physical activity levels improve cardiometabolic profiles: A longitudinal follow-up study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:48-53. [PMID: 27956022 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS While studies have described the importance of higher physical activity levels (PAL) in weight loss, the impact of self-initiated PAL on health status warrants further study. We aimed to prospectively examine the effects of self-initiated longitudinal PAL changes on body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic parameters in normal weight, overweight and obese adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 4840 adults (mean age 41.6 ± 7.9 years, 79% male) undergoing routine health screening examinations. Self-reported PAL, height, weight, blood pressure and blood samples were collected at baseline and after a mean (95% confidence interval) follow up of 536 (531-541) days. Subjects were stratified according to BMI [39.8% normal weight (<25 kg/m2), 45.1% overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and 19.1% obese (≥30 kg/m2)]. In normal weight individuals, BMI increased from baseline to follow-up, irrespective of PAL changes. On the other hand, overweight and obese individuals that increased PAL experienced a decrease in BMI by -0.9% and -3.1%, respectively (p < 0.05). Overweight and obese individuals that increased PAL also experienced a decrease in -5.8% -4.6% in non-HDL concentrations from baseline to follow-up (p < 0.05). Finally, in overweight individuals, LDL cholesterol concentrations decreased from baseline to follow-up, irrespective of PAL changes whereas in obese individuals, a maintenance or increased PAL were associated with a decrease in -4.7% and -6.1% (p < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of screening patients, longitudinal self-initiated PAL is associated with improved BMI and cardiometabolic profile in overweight and obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Ritti-Dias
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - G G Cucato
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - W L do Prado
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R D O Conceição
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R D Santos
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Lipid Clinic Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M S Bittencourt
- Preventive Medicine Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Parks and Green Areas Are Associated with Decreased Risk for Hyperlipidemia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13121205. [PMID: 27918478 PMCID: PMC5201346 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between parks and green areas and hyperlipidemia in adults with groups stratified by moderate physical activity as a behavioral modification using the 2009 Korean Community Health Survey data and 212,584 participants enrolled in this study. The geographical codes of study participants were all matched on the basis of the amount of parks and green areas in each administrative district. Compared with participants living in the highest quartile of parks and green areas (Quartile 4), those living in the lowest quartile of green and park area (Quartile 1) were at an increased risk of physician-diagnosed hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemia currently under treatment. Participants in the lowest quartile of parks and green areas were likely not to engage in any moderate physical activity. After classifying hyperlipidemia risk depending on the presence of moderate physical activity, those participating in moderate physical activity were less likely to have hyperlipidemia in all quartiles of parks and green areas than those not engaging in moderate physical activity. We found that parks and green areas were associated with decreased hyperlipidemia risk. Physical activity, which may benefit from the presence of parks and green areas, may reduce hyperlipidemia risk.
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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Ghana during the Rural-to-Urban Transition: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162753. [PMID: 27732601 PMCID: PMC5061429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations in sub-Saharan Africa are shifting from rural to increasingly urban. Although the burden of cardiovascular disease is expected to increase with this changing landscape, few large studies have assessed a wide range of risk factors in urban and rural populations, particularly in West Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based survey of 3317 participants from Ghana (≥18 years old), of whom 2265 (57% female) were from a mid-sized city (Sunyani, population ~250,000) and 1052 (55% female) were from surrounding villages (populations <5000). We measured canonical cardiovascular disease risk factors (BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipids) and fibrinolytic markers (PAI-1 and t-PA), and assessed how their distributions and related clinical outcomes (including obesity, hypertension and diabetes) varied with urban residence and sex. Urban residence was strongly associated with obesity (OR: 7.8, 95% CI: 5.3–11.3), diabetes (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 2.3–5.7), and hypertension (OR 3.2, 95% CI: 2.6–4.0). Among the quantitative measures, most affected were total cholesterol (+0.81 standard deviations, 95% CI 0.73–0.88), LDL cholesterol (+0.89, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99), and t-PA (+0.56, 95% CI: 0.48–0.63). Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol profiles were similarly poor in both urban and rural environments, but significantly worse among rural participants after BMI-adjustment. For most of the risk factors, the strength of the association with urban residence did not vary with sex. Obesity was a major exception, with urban women at particularly high risk (26% age-standardized prevalence) compared to urban men (7%). Overall, urban residents had substantially worse cardiovascular risk profiles, with some risk factors at levels typically seen in the developed world.
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Loprinzi PD, Addoh O. The association of physical activity and cholesterol concentrations across different combinations of central adiposity and body mass index. Health Promot Perspect 2016; 6:128-36. [PMID: 27579256 PMCID: PMC5002879 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2016.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate if those who are physically active,compared to physically inactive, have better cholesterol profiles across different combinations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). METHODS Data from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used (N = 16 095). Cholesterol parameters included total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, triglycerides and at herogenic index(Log10 [triglycerides/HDL-C]). Physical activity (PA) was assessed via self-report, with BMI and WC objectively measured. Cholesterol concentrations of 6 combinations of BMI and WC were evaluated among active and inactive participants. Multivariable linear regression analysis was utilized. RESULTS Findings were not consistent across sex. There was little evidence to suggest an association of PA on TC across varying BMI and WC combinations. For example, among those who had an obese BMI and high WC, inactive participants did not have different TC level when compared to active participants (β = -1.2; 95% CI: -3.9-1.5, P = 0.38). There was evidence to suggest a favorable association of PA on HDL-C, triglycerides and at herogenic index across varying BMI and WC combinations. For example, among those who had an obese BMI and high WC, inactive (vs. active) participants had a lower HDL-C (βadjusted = -1.6, P < 0.01). When considering either gender, there was sufficient evidence to suggest a favorable association of PA on at least one of the evaluated cholesterol parameters for each of the BMI/WC combinations with the exception of normal BMI and high WC. CONCLUSION Except for those having normal weight central obesity, PA is favorably associated with cholesterol parameters across various combinations of BMI and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Loprinzi
- Director of Research Engagement - Jackson Heart Study Vanguard Center of Oxford, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ovuokerie Addoh
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum total cholesterol with depressive symptoms in Korean adults: the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, 2010–2012). Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:1836-1843. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo examine the hypothesis that the association between vitamin D deficiency and depressive symptoms is dependent upon total cholesterol level in a representative national sample of the South Korean population.DesignThis was a population-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, 2010–2012).SubjectsWe included 7198 adults aged 20–88 years.ResultsThe incidence of depressive symptoms in individuals with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D<20 ng/ml) was 1·54-fold (95 % CI 1·20, 1·98) greater than in individuals without vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥20 ng/ml). The relationship was stronger in individuals with normal-to-borderline serum total cholesterol (serum total cholesterol<240 mg/dl; OR=1·60; 95 % CI 1·23, 2·08) and non-significant in individuals with high serum total cholesterol (OR=0·97; 95 % CI 0·52, 1·81) after adjustment for confounding variables (age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, regular exercise, income level, education level, marital status, changes in body weight, perceived body shape, season of examination date and cholesterol profiles).ConclusionsThe association between vitamin D deficiency and depressive symptoms was weakened by high serum total cholesterol status. These findings suggest that both vitamin D and total cholesterol are important targets for the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Välimäki IA, Vuorimaa T, Ahotupa M, Vasankari TJ. Strenuous physical exercise accelerates the lipid peroxide clearing transport by HDL. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:1683-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Silva RCD, Diniz MDFHS, Alvim S, Vidigal PG, Fedeli LMG, Barreto SM. Physical Activity and Lipid Profile in the ELSA- Brasil Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 107:10-9. [PMID: 27355470 PMCID: PMC4976951 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regular physical activity (PA) induces desirable changes in plasma levels of
high- and low-density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL, respectively) and
triglycerides (TG), important risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases.
However, doubts whether intensity and duration have equivalent benefits
remain. Objective To assess the association of PA intensity and duration with HDL, LDL and TG
levels. Methods Cross-sectional study with 12,688 participants from the Brazilian
Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline, who were not on
lipid-lowering medication. After adjustment for important covariates,
multiple linear regression was used to assess the association of PA
intensity and duration with HDL, LDL and TG (natural logarithm) levels. Results Both moderate and vigorous PA and PA practice ≥ 150 min/week were
significantly associated with higher HDL and lower TG levels. Vigorous PA
was associated with lower LDL only on univariate analysis. After
adjustments, moderate and vigorous PA increased mean HDL level by 0.89 mg/dL
and 1.71 mg/dL, respectively, and reduced TG geometric mean by 0.98 mg/dL
and 0.93 mg/dL, respectively. PA practice ≥ 150 min/week increased
mean HDL level by 1.05 mg/dL, and decreased TG geometric mean by 0.98
mg/dL. Conclusion Our findings reinforce the benefits of both PA parameters studied on HDL and
TG levels, with a slight advantage for vigorous PA as compared to the
recommendation based only on PA duration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Alvim
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elevated blood lipids may be a major risk factor for CVD. Due to consistent and robust association of higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels with CVD across experimental and epidemiologic studies, therapeutic strategies to decrease risk have focused on LDL-cholesterol reduction as the primary goal. Current medication options for lipid-lowering therapy include statins, bile acid sequestrants, a cholesterol-absorption inhibitor, fibrates, nicotinic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids, which all have various mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetic properties. The most widely prescribed lipid-lowering agents are the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins. Since their introduction in the 1980s, statins have emerged as the one of the best-selling medication classes to date, with numerous trials demonstrating powerful efficacy in preventing cardiovascular outcomes (Kapur and Musunuru, 2008 [1]). The statins are commonly used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia. This chapter focuses on the biochemistry of statins including their structures, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of actions as well as the potential adverse reactions linked to their clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Eroume A Egom
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin/The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Egom Clinical & Translational Research Services Ltd, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Hafsa Hafeez
- Egom Clinical & Translational Research Services Ltd, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Krishnadath ISK, Nahar-van Venrooij LM, Jaddoe VWV, Toelsie JR. Ethnic differences in prediabetes and diabetes in the Suriname Health Study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2016; 4:e000186. [PMID: 27403324 PMCID: PMC4932318 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is increasing worldwide, and information on risk factors to develop targeted interventions is limited. Therefore, we analyzed data of the Suriname Health Study to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes. We also explored whether ethnic differences in prediabetes or diabetes risk could be explained by biological, demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and metabolic risk factors. METHOD The study was designed according to the WHO Steps guidelines. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured in 3393 respondents, aged 15-65 years, from an Amerindian, Creole, Hindustani, Javanese, Maroon or Mixed ethnic background. Prediabetes was defined by fasting blood glucose levels between 6.1 and 7.0 mmol/L and diabetes by fasting blood glucose levels ≥7.0 mmol/L or 'self-reported diabetes medication use.' For all ethnicities, we analyzed sex, age, marital status, educational level, income status, employment, smoking status, residence, physical activity, body mass index, waist circumference, hypertension, and the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. RESULTS The prevalence of prediabetes was 7.4%, while that of diabetes was 13 0%. From these diabetes cases, 39.6% were not diagnosed previously. No ethnic differences were observed in the prevalence of prediabetes. For diabetes, Hindustanis (23.3%) had twice the prevalence compared to other ethnic groups (4.7-14.2%). The associations of the risk factors with prediabetes or diabetes varied among the ethnic groups. The differences in the associations of ethnic groups with prediabetes or diabetes were partly explained by these risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of diabetes in Suriname is high and most elevated in Hindustanis. The observed variations in risk factors among ethnic groups might explain the ethnic differences between these groups, but follow-up studies are needed to explore this in more depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid S K Krishnadath
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences , Anton de Kom University of Suriname , Paramaribo , Suriname
| | - Lenny M Nahar-van Venrooij
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences , Anton de Kom University of Suriname , Paramaribo , Suriname
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerry R Toelsie
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , Anton de Kom University of Suriname , Paramaribo , Suriname
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Franco-Sena AB, Rebelo F, Pinto TJP, Farias DR, Silveira GE, Mendes RH, Henriques VT, Kac G. The effect of leptin concentrations and other maternal characteristics on gestational weight gain is different according to pre-gestational BMI: results from a prospective cohort. BJOG 2015; 123:1804-13. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AB Franco-Sena
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - F Rebelo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - TJP Pinto
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - DR Farias
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - GE Silveira
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - RH Mendes
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - VT Henriques
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - G Kac
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory; Department of Social and Applied Nutrition; Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro; Rio de Janeiro Federal University; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Sarzynski MA, Schuna JM, Carnethon MR, Jacobs DR, Lewis CE, Quesenberry CP, Sidney S, Schreiner PJ, Sternfeld B. Association of Fitness With Incident Dyslipidemias Over 25 Years in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Am J Prev Med 2015; 49:745-752. [PMID: 26165197 PMCID: PMC4615297 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have examined the longitudinal associations of fitness or changes in fitness on the risk of developing dyslipidemias. This study examined the associations of (1) baseline fitness with 25-year dyslipidemia incidence and (2) 20-year fitness change on dyslipidemia development in middle age in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA). METHODS Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to test the association of baseline fitness (1985-1986) with dyslipidemia incidence over 25 years (2010-2011) in CARDIA (N=4,898). Modified Poisson regression models were used to examine the association of 20-year change in fitness with dyslipidemia incidence between Years 20 and 25 (n=2,487). Data were analyzed in June 2014 and February 2015. RESULTS In adjusted models, the risk of incident low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); high triglycerides; and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly lower, by 9%, 16%, and 14%, respectively, for each 2.0-minute increase in baseline treadmill endurance. After additional adjustment for baseline trait level, the associations remained significant for incident high triglycerides and high LDL-C in the total population and for incident high triglycerides in both men and women. In race-stratified models, these associations appeared to be limited to whites. In adjusted models, change in fitness did not predict 5-year incidence of dyslipidemias, whereas baseline fitness significantly predicted 5-year incidence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness in young adulthood as a risk factor for developing dyslipidemias, particularly high triglycerides, during the transition to middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John M Schuna
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | | | - David R Jacobs
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cora E Lewis
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Barbara Sternfeld
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
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Watanabe K, Otsuka Y, Inoue A, Sakurai K, Ui A, Nakata A. Interrelationships Between Job Resources, Vigor, Exercise Habit, and Serum Lipids in Japanese Employees: a Multiple Group Path Analysis Using Medical Checkup Data. Int J Behav Med 2015; 23:410-7. [PMID: 26475033 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-015-9516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease. Job resources have been identified as determinants of employees' vigor and physical activity habits. PURPOSE Our first purpose was to comprehensively analyze the series of relationships of job resources, through vigor and exercise habit (i.e., one aspect of physical activity), to serum lipid levels in a sample of Japanese employees in a manufacturing company. Our second purpose was to investigate sex differences in these relationships using a multiple-group path analysis. METHODS Data were collected from 4543 employees (men = 4018, women = 525) during a medical checkup conducted in February and March 2012. Job resources (job control, skill utilization, suitable jobs, and meaningfulness of work), vigor, exercise habit, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured cross-sectionally. RESULTS Job resources and vigor were positively associated with exercise habit in both sexes. Exercise habit was inversely associated with triglyceride (-0.03 in men and -0.01 in women, ps < 0.05) and LDL-C (-0.07 in both sexes, ps < 0.05). HDL-C was positively associated with exercise habit (0.03 in both sexes, ps < 0.05). There was no significant difference by sex in path coefficients, except for the covariance between suitable jobs and meaningfulness of work. CONCLUSION Higher levels of job resources were associated with greater vigor, leading to exercise habit, which in turn, improved serum lipid levels. Longitudinal studies are required to demonstrate causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Japan.
| | - Yasumasa Otsuka
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakurai
- College of Economics, Nihon University, Japan, 1-3-2 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8360, Japan
| | - Akiko Ui
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akinori Nakata
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
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Food insecurity and dyslipidemia in a representative population-based sample in the US. Prev Med 2015; 77:186-90. [PMID: 26007296 PMCID: PMC4608370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association of food insecurity with dyslipidemia has not been firmly established. The main objective of this study was to assess whether food insecurity was associated with dyslipidemia. METHOD A population-based sample of 1,663 adults from the 2008-2011 Survey of the Health of Wisconsin was used. Food insecurity was defined as an affirmative response to either of the questions: (1) "In the last 12months, have you been concerned about having enough food for you or your family?" (2) "In the last 12months, have your food choices been limited because there wasn't enough money?" High total cholesterol was defined as total cholesterol (TC) >240mg/dL or taking prescribed lipid-lowering medication. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was defined as <40mg/dL in men and <50mg/dL in women. RESULTS Food insecurity was not associated with high TC either among men or women. Food insecurity was associated with a higher likelihood of low HDL-C among women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.31 {95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42, 3.76}), but not among men. Obesity appears to be a partial mediator of the association among women (P from the Sobel test=0.01). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that food insecurity may contribute to an increased risk of low HDL-C in women.
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Banach M, Rizzo M, Toth PP, Farnier M, Davidson MH, Al-Rasadi K, Aronow WS, Athyros V, Djuric DM, Ezhov MV, Greenfield RS, Hovingh GK, Kostner K, Serban C, Lighezan D, Fras Z, Moriarty PM, Muntner P, Goudev A, Ceska R, Nicholls SJ, Broncel M, Nikolic D, Pella D, Puri R, Rysz J, Wong ND, Bajnok L, Jones SR, Ray KK, Mikhailidis DP. Statin intolerance – an attempt at a unified definition. Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2015; 14:935-55. [PMID: 25907232 DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2015.1039980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Peñalvo JL, Oliva B, Sotos-Prieto M, Uzhova I, Moreno-Franco B, León-Latre M, Ordovás JM. Greater adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved plasma lipid profile: the Aragon Health Workers Study cohort. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2015; 68:290-7. [PMID: 25600180 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES There is wide recognition of the importance of healthy eating in cardiovascular health promotion. The purpose of this study was to identify the main dietary patterns among a Spanish population, and to determine their relationship with plasma lipid profiles. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of data from 1290 participants of the Aragon Workers Health Study cohort. Standardized protocols were used to collect clinical and biochemistry data. Diet was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire, quantifying habitual intake over the past 12 months. The main dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. The association between adherence to dietary patterns and plasma lipid levels was assessed by linear and logistic regression. RESULTS Two dietary patterns were identified: a Mediterranean dietary pattern, high in vegetables, fruits, fish, white meat, nuts, and olive oil, and a Western dietary pattern, high in red meat, fast food, dairy, and cereals. Compared with the participants in the lowest quintile of adherence to the Western dietary pattern, those in the highest quintile had 4.6 mg/dL lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < .001), 8 mg/dL lower apolipoprotein A1 levels (P = .005) and a greater risk of having decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (odds ratio = 3.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-7.5; P-trend = .03). Participants adhering to the Mediterranean dietary pattern had 3.3mg/dL higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < .001), and a ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol that was 0.43 times lower (P = .043). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with improved lipid profile compared with a Western dietary pattern, which was associated with a lower odds of optimal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Peñalvo
- Área de Epidemiología y Genética de Poblaciones, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Belén Oliva
- Área de Epidemiología y Genética de Poblaciones, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Área de Epidemiología y Genética de Poblaciones, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Irina Uzhova
- Área de Epidemiología y Genética de Poblaciones, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Moreno-Franco
- Unidad de Prevención Cardiovascular, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (I+CS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat León-Latre
- Unidad de Prevención Cardiovascular, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (I+CS), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José María Ordovás
- Área de Epidemiología y Genética de Poblaciones, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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La mayor adherencia a un patrón de dieta mediterránea se asocia a una mejora del perfil lipídico plasmático: la cohorte del Aragon Health Workers Study. Rev Esp Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Banach M, Rizzo M, Toth PP, Farnier M, Davidson MH, Al-Rasadi K, Aronow WS, Athyros V, Djuric DM, Ezhov MV, Greenfield RS, Hovingh GK, Kostner K, Serban C, Lighezan D, Fras Z, Moriarty PM, Muntner P, Goudev A, Ceska R, Nicholls SJ, Broncel M, Nikolic D, Pella D, Puri R, Rysz J, Wong ND, Bajnok L, Jones SR, Ray KK, Mikhailidis DP. Statin intolerance - an attempt at a unified definition. Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:1-23. [PMID: 25861286 PMCID: PMC4379380 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.49807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs in clinical practice. They are usually well tolerated and effectively prevent cardiovascular events. Most adverse effects associated with statin therapy are muscle-related. The recent statement of the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) has focused on statin associated muscle symptoms (SAMS), and avoided the use of the term 'statin intolerance'. Although muscle syndromes are the most common adverse effects observed after statin therapy, excluding other side effects might underestimate the number of patients with statin intolerance, which might be observed in 10-15% of patients. In clinical practice, statin intolerance limits effective treatment of patients at risk of, or with, cardiovascular disease. Knowledge of the most common adverse effects of statin therapy that might cause statin intolerance and the clear definition of this phenomenon is crucial to effectively treat patients with lipid disorders. Therefore, the aim of this position paper was to suggest a unified definition of statin intolerance, and to complement the recent EAS statement on SAMS, where the pathophysiology, diagnosis and the management were comprehensively presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Peter P. Toth
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wilbert S. Aronow
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Vasilis Athyros
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dragan M. Djuric
- Institute of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marat V. Ezhov
- Department of Atherosclerosis, Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - G. Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karam Kostner
- Mater Hospital, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Corina Serban
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Lighezan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zlatko Fras
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Preventive Cardiology Unit, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Patrick M. Moriarty
- Department of Medicine, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Paul Muntner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Assen Goudev
- Department of Cardiology, Queen Giovanna University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Richard Ceska
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Marlena Broncel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel Pella
- First Department Of Internal Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Košice, Slovakia
| | | | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Nathan D. Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Laszlo Bajnok
- First Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Steven R. Jones
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kausik K. Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
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Guo J, Lou Y, Zhang X, Song Y. Effect of aerobic exercise training on cardiometabolic risk factors among professional athletes in the heaviest-weight class. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:78. [PMID: 26388949 PMCID: PMC4573697 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prevalence of metabolic diseases among young professional athletes with large body sizes has raised growing attention. However, few studies specifically examined whether additional aerobic exercise provides cardiometabolic beneficial effect among these young athletes under regularly intensive strength training. OBJECTIVE We conducted a pilot trial to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on overall metabolic syndrome (MetS), individual MetS components, and aerobic capacity among metabolically unhealthy athletes in the heaviest-weight class. METHODS Forty-nine professional athletes aged 15-30 years had large body weights (mean weight of 131 ± 15.5 kg and 108 ± 15.8 kg and mean BMI of 39.4 ± 4.7 kg/m(2) and 36.4 ± 5.1 kg/m(2) for 26 men and 23 women, respectively). They completed a supervised moderate intensity (maximal heart rate: 140-170 beats/min for 30-70 min/day) aerobic exercise training for 12 weeks. We collected and measured metabolic parameters and aerobic capacity for all participants before and after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training. RESULTS At baseline, 42 (86 %) of all 49 metabolically abnormal athletes were diagnosed as MetS according to the NCEP ATP III criteria (≥3 MetS components). After aerobic exercise training, 30 % (13/42) of MetS individuals tended to become free of MetS (<3 MetS components), decreasing the prevalence of MetS by 30.4 % (from 17 to 10) in women and 23.1 % (from 25 to 19) in men (P = 0.001). All individual components of MetS, including fasting glucose levels, lipid profile, and blood pressure, were also significantly improved (all P-values <0.05). Overall and central obesity indexes, including BMI, waist circumference, Waist-hip ratio, and abdominal fat ratio, were significantly decreased in men whereas only overall adiposity indexes, such as BMI and body fat percentage, were significantly reduced in women. Also, participants' aerobic capacities were also significantly enhanced with longer running distances and decreased heart rates (all P-values <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our pilot trial showed that moderate intensity aerobic exercise effectively improved cardiometabolic parameters in metabolically unhealthy professional athletes with routinely intensive strength training. Its long-term cardiovascular effects will be evaluated by future randomized controlled trials with well-designed exercise modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Guo
- Centre for the Youth Sport Research and Development, China Institute of Sport Science, Tiyuguan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Lou
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Xiao Tang Shan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN USA
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Ma Y, Tucker KL, Smith CE, Lee YC, Huang T, Richardson K, Parnell LD, Lai CQ, Young KL, Justice AE, Shao Y, North KE, Ordovás JM. Lipoprotein lipase variants interact with polyunsaturated fatty acids for obesity traits in women: replication in two populations. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:1323-1329. [PMID: 25156894 PMCID: PMC4356006 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a candidate gene for obesity based on its role in triglyceride hydrolysis and the partitioning of fatty acids towards storage or oxidation. Whether dietary fatty acids modify LPL associated obesity risk is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs320, rs2083637, rs17411031, rs13702, rs2197089) for potential interaction with dietary fatty acids for obesity traits in 1171 participants (333 men and 838 women, aged 45-75 y) of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS). In women, SNP rs320 interacted with dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.002) and waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.001) respectively. Higher intake of PUFA was associated with lower BMI and WC in homozygotes of the major allele (TT) (P = 0.01 and 0.005) but not in minor allele carriers (TG and GG). These interactions were replicated in an independent population, African American women of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (n = 1334). CONCLUSION Dietary PUFA modulated the association of LPL rs320 with obesity traits in two independent populations. These interactions may be relevant to the dietary management of obesity, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K L Tucker
- Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - C E Smith
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y C Lee
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Richardson
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L D Parnell
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Q Lai
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K L Young
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Y Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K E North
- Department of Epidemiology and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J M Ordovás
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Centro Nacional Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Alimentación (IMDEA-FOOD), Madrid, Spain.
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Heuch I, Heuch I, Hagen K, Zwart JA. Do abnormal serum lipid levels increase the risk of chronic low back pain? The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108227. [PMID: 25233233 PMCID: PMC4169450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cross-sectional studies suggest associations between abnormal lipid levels and prevalence of low back pain (LBP), but it is not known if there is any causal relationship. Objective The objective was to determine, in a population-based prospective cohort study, whether there is any relation between levels of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides and the probability of experiencing subsequent chronic (LBP), both among individuals with and without LBP at baseline. Methods Information was collected in the community-based HUNT 2 (1995–1997) and HUNT 3 (2006–2008) surveys of an entire Norwegian county. Participants were 10,151 women and 8731 men aged 30–69 years, not affected by chronic LBP at baseline, and 3902 women and 2666 men with LBP at baseline. Eleven years later the participants indicated whether they currently suffered from chronic LBP. Results Among women without LBP at baseline, HDL cholesterol levels were inversely associated and triglyceride levels positively associated with the risk of chronic LBP at end of follow-up in analyses adjusted for age only. Adjustment for the baseline factors education, work status, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure and in particular BMI largely removed these associations (RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.85–1.07 per mmol/l of HDL cholesterol; RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.94–1.42 per unit of lg(triglycerides)). Total cholesterol levels showed no associations. In women with LBP at baseline and men without LBP at baseline weaker relationships were observed. In men with LBP at baseline, an inverse association with HDL cholesterol remained after complete adjustment (RR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72–0.95 per mmol/l). Conclusion Crude associations between lipid levels and risk of subsequent LBP in individuals without current LBP are mainly caused by confounding with body mass. However, an association with low HDL levels may still remain in men who are already affected and possibly experience a higher pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Heuch
- Department of Neurology and FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Ivar Heuch
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Hagen
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and Norwegian National Headache Centre, Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Neurology and FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Mertens E, Mullie P, Deforche B, Lefevre J, Charlier R, Huybrechts I, Clarys P. Cross-sectional study on the relationship between the Mediterranean Diet Score and blood lipids. Nutr J 2014; 13:88. [PMID: 25189183 PMCID: PMC4164752 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood lipids are cardiovascular health indicators. High LDL cholesterol values and/or high total cholesterol (TC)/HDL cholesterol ratios are positively related with cardiovascular mortality. Evidence suggests that a Mediterranean diet can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is often measured by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). However, the association between the Mediterranean diet and blood lipid profiles seems still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the MDS, its different components and blood lipid profiles. METHODS A sample of 506 women and 707 men (aged 18-75 years) was recruited. Three-day diet records were used to calculate the MDS. Blood samples were analyzed for serum TC, LDL and HDL cholesterol. ANOVA was used to analyze blood lipids across the MDS tertiles. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the associations between the MDS, its components and blood lipids, adjusted for several confounders. All analyses were stratified by gender. RESULTS Few gender-specific associations were found between the MDS, its components and blood lipids. Only in men, the total MDS was negatively related with LDL cholesterol and the ratio TC/HDL cholesterol while positively with HDL cholesterol. In women, respectively two (MUFA/SFA and cereals) and in men three (fruits & nuts, meat and alcohol) of the nine MDS components were related with blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS Analyses investigating the relationship between the MDS, its components and blood lipid profiles indicate only limited influence of the Mediterranean diet on blood lipids. More associations were detected in men compared to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Mertens
- />Department of Human Biometrics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Mullie
- />Department of Human Biometrics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- />Erasmus University College, Laerbeeklaan 121, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- />International Prevention Research Institute (iPRI), 15 chemin du Saquin, Ecully, Lyon, France
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- />Department of Human Biometrics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan Lefevre
- />Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruben Charlier
- />Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- />Department of public health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- />International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment Group (DEX), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Peter Clarys
- />Department of Human Biometrics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- />Erasmus University College, Laerbeeklaan 121, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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Mohammadi HR, Khoshnam E, Jahromi MK, Khoshnam MS, Karampour E. The Effect of 12-Week of Aerobic Training on Homocysteine, Lipoprotein A and Lipid Profile Levels in Sedentary Middle-aged Men. Int J Prev Med 2014; 5:1060-6. [PMID: 25489457 PMCID: PMC4258664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12-week of aerobic training on homocysteine, lipoprotein A and lipid profile levels in sedentary middle-age men. METHODS This was a quasi-experimental study. Subjects of the study were 24 men (age 40-60) who participated is the study voluntarily and were randomly assigned in aerobic (n = 12) and control (n = 12) groups. The subjects participated in progressive aerobic training on treadmill 3 times a week (20 min/session (60% maximum heart rate) to 60 min (75% maximum heart rate). Homocysteine, lipoprotein A, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured before and after 12-week. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test statistical methods. RESULTS Research findings showed a significant decrease in homocysteine (P = 0.002), lipoprotein A (P = 0.003), TG (P = 0.008), cholesterol (P = 0.024) and LDL (P = 0.019), significant increase in HDL (P = 0.017) in posttest compared to pretest. Furthermore, research findings showed that homocysteine (P = 0.005), lipoprotein A (P = 0.001), TG (P = 0.006), cholesterol (P = 0.015), LDL (P = 0.022), and HDL (P = 0.004) levels between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the 3 sessions/week of aerobic training cause reduction of homocysteine, lipoprotein A, and lipid profile levels in sedentary middle-aged men and can be recommended for prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebrahim Khoshnam
- Department of Physical Education, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Maryam Koshki Jahromi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Khoshnam
- Department of Physical Education, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran,Correspondence to: Mr. Mohammad Sadegh Khoshnam, Department of Physical Education, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Elham Karampour
- Young Research Club, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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Murlasits Z, Radák Z. The Effects of Statin Medications on Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Training Adaptations. Sports Med 2014; 44:1519-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Bardosono S, Ilyas E. Health, nutrition and hydration status of Indonesian workers: a preliminary study in two different environmental settings. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2014. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v23i2.993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hydration status in the working environment of hot and conveniently cool may influence the health status of workers, including their hydration status. This study aimed to determine the health, nutrition and hydration status of workers in two different working environment, i.e. hot and conveniently cool environment.Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was done on apparently healthy male subjects, age 25-45 years. Two groups of factory workers consisted of 39 subjects working in environment exposed directly to heat and the other doing administrative work in cool environment. Data on their health status (physical examination), weight, height, waist circumference, fat body composition, laboratory result, were collected. The data was presented as average value and proportion; statistical analysis with unpaired-t (Mann-Whitney test) and chi-square test was used.Results: Subjects working in a hot environment were more prone to dehydration in comparison to their counterparts, as was shown by significantly higher values of several hydration status biomarkers: hemoglobin (15.6 vs 14.8 g/dL, p = 0.017), hematocrit (46 vs 44.5%, p = 0.040), blood viscosity (23 vs 12 mEq/L, p < 0.001), and blood sodium concentration (140 vs 138 mEq/L, p < 0.001). In contrast, subjects working in a conveniently cool environment who did more administrative tasks were physically less active, had significantly lower HDL-cholesterol level (43 vs 52.1 mg/dL, p = 0.005), higher body and visceral fat compositions (21.6 vs 17.6%, p = 0.008, and 10 vs 8%, p = 0.015, respectively) compared to their counterparts.Conclusion: Workers in hot and cool working environment are prone to nutrition- and health problems as well as dehydration, suggesting special attention to the provision of timely drinking water, and physical activity during working time.
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Guessous I, Gaspoz JM, Theler JM, Kayser B. Eleven-year physical activity trends in a Swiss urban area. Prev Med 2014; 59:25-30. [PMID: 24252488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular physical activity is a major health determinant. Little is known about physical activity trends. We evaluated whether adult physical activity levels are changing in a Swiss urban state (Geneva). METHOD We analyzed 11-year trends of physical activity indicators, including 3+MET-minutes per week and physical activity outside working hours, in population representative adults (n=9320, aged 35-74years, 50% women), relating declared physical activity to socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and clinical and blood markers. RESULTS Combining yearly cohorts from 1999 to 2009, we found a significant trend for increased physical activity levels. Weekly age and sex adjusted 3+MET-minutes per week increased from 3023 to 3752, between 1999 and 2009 (P=0.02). The increase also concerned physical activity outside working hours (+18kcal/day/year). There was a shift from low levels of physical activity levels towards higher activities. Physical activity indicators were associated with socioeconomic status, comorbidities, and biological and anthropometric measures. The trend for increased physical activity was more prominent over the latter 5years. CONCLUSION We found that physical activity levels have increased in an urban Swiss state. The increase is significant but small, and further efforts to promote physical activity are therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Guessous
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of primary care medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Community Prevention Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Michel Gaspoz
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of primary care medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Marc Theler
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of primary care medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.
| | - Bengt Kayser
- Institute of sports sciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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