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Podsiadłowski W, Trzcińska A, Golus P, Wieleszczyk J. Family economic deprivation and self-esteem among preschoolers. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 246:106013. [PMID: 38996742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have established a negative correlation between economic deprivation and self-esteem; however, limited insights exist regarding the onset of children linking self-esteem to economic status. To investigate this, we examined 198 preschoolers (96 girls and 102 boys) and their parents (170 mothers and 28 fathers). We assessed children's implicit and explicit self-esteem, whereas parents' reported on both personal relative deprivation and the family's economic objective deprivation. In addition, we explored children's money knowledge as a moderator. Our findings reveal that preschoolers may connect their implicit self-esteem with family economic status; however, such connections require basic knowledge about money. We discuss potential explanations for the influence of family economic deprivation, specifically on the implicit-not explicit-self-esteem of preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Trzcińska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Golus
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Yoon SW, Ryu H, Cho D, Kim J. Multiple Trajectories and Predictors of Self-Esteem Change in Later Life: A Latent Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 99:224-246. [PMID: 38528732 DOI: 10.1177/00914150241240114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Applying latent growth mixture modeling (GMM), this study delves into the examination of self-esteem trajectories in a sample of 5,597 older adults over a nine-year period. Four distinct patterns of self-esteem changes have emerged: low, decreasing, increasing, and high. Additionally, the study explores the relationships between each trajectory and various predictors encompassing demographic factors, socioeconomic status, health, and interpersonal relationships. The findings highlight the significance of these factors in predicting the likelihood of an individual following a specific self-esteem trajectory. Notably, maintaining employment, fostering satisfactory social relationships, and being free of frequent depressive feelings emerged as strong predictors for the stability and increase of high self-esteem. Intriguingly, an average or above-average income was unexpectedly associated with lower levels of self-esteem. The study emphasizes the contribution of GMM to advancing aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Yoon
- Department of Educational Administration & Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hyunok Ryu
- Well Aging Learning Center (Korea), Seoul, Korea
| | - Daeyeon Cho
- Department of Education, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JoHyun Kim
- Department of Higher Education and Learning Technologies, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX, USA
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Engstrom HR, Laurin K, Kay NR, Human LJ. Socioeconomic Status and Meta-Perceptions: How Markers of Culture and Rank Predict Beliefs About How Others See Us. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024; 50:1386-1407. [PMID: 37212389 PMCID: PMC11318217 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231171435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
How does a person's socioeconomic status (SES) relate to how she thinks others see her? Seventeen studies (eight pre-registered; three reported in-text and 14 replications in supplemental online material [SOM], total N = 6,124) found that people with low SES believe others see them as colder and less competent than those with high SES. The SES difference in meta-perceptions was explained by people's self-regard and self-presentation expectations. Moreover, lower SES people's more negative meta-perceptions were not warranted: Those with lower SES were not seen more negatively, and were less accurate in guessing how others saw them. They also had important consequences: People with lower SES blamed themselves more for negative feedback about their warmth and competence. Internal meta-analyses suggested this effect was larger and more consistent for current socioeconomic rank than cultural background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nick R. Kay
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lauren J. Human
- The University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
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Sarkar N, Zainal NH, Newman MG. Self-esteem mediates child abuse predicting adulthood anxiety, depression, and substance use symptoms 18 years later. J Affect Disord 2024:S0165-0327(24)01336-3. [PMID: 39178955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
According to biopsychosocial models, experiencing parental child abuse increases susceptibility to adulthood psychopathology. However, there is a paucity of studies examining potential mechanisms of the parental child abuse and adulthood psychopathology relationship. The purpose of the current study was to determine if Time 2 (T2) trait self-esteem mediated levels of Time 1 (T1) retrospectively recalled parental child abuse predicting (T3) past-year major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and substance use disorder (SUD) symptoms. The 18-year Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study included participants (N = 3294; T1 average age of 45.62 years) at three different time points, each spaced about nine years apart. We performed structural equation mediation modeling analyses to determine how maternal and paternal child abuse at T1 would independently predict T3 MDD, GAD, PD, AUD, and SUD symptoms. We also examined whether T2 self-esteem mediated these relations while controlling for adulthood T1 psychopathology symptoms, demographics, socioeconomic status, somatic symptoms, and parental psychopathology. Consistent with our hypotheses, higher T1 maternal and paternal abuse predicted increased T3 GAD, PD, AUD, and SUD symptoms via diminished T2 self-esteem as the mediator (% proportion mediated = 33.0-100). However, childhood paternal, but not maternal, abuse predicted adulthood MDD symptoms via reduced self-esteem. Findings remained after adjusting for covariates. Our research highlights the importance of understanding retrospectively recalled parental child abuse-adulthood psychopathology relations, their potential mechanisms, and self-esteem as a malleable treatment target for adults with heightened child abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nur Hani Zainal
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, United States of America; National University of Singapore, Department of Psychology, Singapore.
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John M, Boileau LLA, Bless H. Effect of social class on personal control beliefs. J Pers 2024; 92:1086-1099. [PMID: 37602944 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research investigated the effect of social class on personal control beliefs. BACKGROUND Differences in personal control beliefs serve as a central theoretical explanation for social class differences in cognition, emotion, and behavior. However, prior empirical research has not yet conclusively demonstrated that personal control beliefs differ between social classes. METHOD Across four studies (total N = 138,417), we investigated the link between social class and personal control beliefs with well-established measures of social class (e.g., ISEI, McArthur Scale),representative samples, and data that allow for causal conclusions (e.g., experimental, and longitudinal data). RESULTS We found that (a) higher social class was associated with higher personal control beliefs across 60 countries. Furthermore, we observed that (b) higher social class of parents was associated with higher personal control beliefs in their children, and that (c) experimentally induced higher (vs. lower) social class led to increases (vs. decreases) of personal control beliefs. CONCLUSIONS Individuals from lower social classes consistently have weaker personal control beliefs than individuals from upper social classes. Social class differences in this fundamental personality characteristic are bound to have important consequences in various life domains (e.g., psychological and physical well-being, and academic success).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin John
- School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucia L-A Boileau
- School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Herbert Bless
- School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Wang Y, Li W, Liu X, Zhang Q, Lu D, Chen Z. Emphasizing symbolic capital: its superior influence on the association between family socioeconomic status and adolescent subjective well-being uncovered by a large-scale multivariate network analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1335595. [PMID: 39086430 PMCID: PMC11288923 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1335595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Family socioeconomic status (FSES) serves as a significant determinant for subjective well-being. However, extant research has provided conflicting evidence on the correlation between FSES and adolescent students' subjective well-being (SSWB). Methods Data were collected from 12,058 adolescent students (16 years of age) by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018. Multivariate canonical correlation and Mantel test were utilized to investigate the specific connection between FSES and SSWB. Furthermore, a Gaussian EBICglasso graph-theoretical model was used to capture the topological properties of the FSES-SSWB network and reveal the interplay among multifarious components of FSES and SSWB. Results FSES was positively correlated with SSWB. In the FSES-SSWB network, parental educational attainment and occupation status demonstrated the highest centrality values, thereby contributing significantly to the relationship between FSES and SSWB. However, family wealth, along with educational and cultural resources, displayed lower centrality values, signifying their weaker roles in this relationship. Conclusion Our findings suggest that symbolic capital, rather than family affluence, exerts a dominant influence on adolescent SSWB. In other words, SSWB may not be detrimentally influenced by a deficiency in monetary resources. However, it is more susceptible to being unfavorably impacted by inferior parental educational attainment and occupational standing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhi Wang
- College of Education Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Desheng Lu
- College of Education Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Experimental Research Center of Medical and Psychological Science, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Lilly KJ, Sibley CG, Osborne D. Examining the indirect effect of income on well-being via individual-based relative deprivation: Longitudinal mediation with a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 59:368-377. [PMID: 38018263 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Although the positive relationship between income and well-being is well established, the psychological mechanisms underlying this process are less understood. One underexplored explanation is that objective wealth (or lack thereof) fosters relative comparisons, which, in turn, predicts well-being. Extant work has, however, mostly focused on objective indicators of relative deprivation rather than on how people perceive their societal status. We address this oversight by examining the longitudinal indirect effects of income on well-being via perceived individual-based relative deprivation (IRD) using traditional and random intercept cross-lagged panel models. Averaged across 10 annual assessments in a nationwide longitudinal panel sample of adults (N = 66,560), our results revealed reliable indirect effects of income on well-being via IRD. Specifically, within-person increases in income predicted within-person decreases in IRD, which then predicted within-person increases in personal well-being over time. Our results replicated across robustness checks, including one using a general life satisfaction measure. We thus extend previous work by highlighting the need to consider one's perceptions of their relative societal position as a mechanism underlying the effects of income on well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J Lilly
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris G Sibley
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Danny Osborne
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pedersen AB, Edvardsen BV, Messina SM, Volden MR, Weyandt LL, Lundervold AJ. Self-Esteem in Adults With ADHD Using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A Systematic Review. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:1124-1138. [PMID: 38491855 PMCID: PMC11016209 DOI: 10.1177/10870547241237245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize and analyze recent articles investigating self-esteem in adults with ADHD, focusing on the impact of demographic and clinical characteristics, and methodological issues. METHOD Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search for literature published between 2010 and 2022 was conducted in the Web of Science, Ovid, Pubmed, and EBSCO databases. RESULTS Eleven studies met inclusion criteria. Five of the six studies including healthy controls reported lower self-esteem in participants with ADHD. ADHD symptoms correlated negatively with self-esteem. Gender differences were not observed. Self-esteem mediated several outcomes associated with ADHD. There was a lack of studies that examined potential mechanisms behind the reduced self-esteem, and studies controlling for confounding variables. CONCLUSION A robust association between ADHD and low self-esteem in adults emerged, but the lack of control of confounding variables is critical to consider when interpreting the findings. Longitudinal studies addressing the limitations of the current studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksel Bjørø Pedersen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Maria Rudjord Volden
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lisa L. Weyandt
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA
| | - Astri J. Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Weinberg D, Stevens GWJM, Peeters M, Visser K, Frankenhuis W, Finkenauer C. The role of social cognitions in the social gradient in adolescent mental health: A longitudinal mediation model. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:953-966. [PMID: 36847266 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The social gradient in adolescent mental health is well established: adolescents' socioeconomic status is negatively associated with their mental health. However, despite changes in social cognition during adolescence, little is known about whether social cognitions mediate this gradient. Therefore, this study tested this proposed mediational path using three data waves, each 6 months apart, from a socioeconomically diverse sample of 1,429 adolescents (Mage = 17.9) in the Netherlands. Longitudinal modeling examined whether three social cognitions (self-esteem, sense of control, and optimism) mediated associations between perceived family wealth and four indicators of adolescent mental health problems (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems). There was evidence of a social gradient: adolescents with lower perceived family wealth reported more concurrent emotional symptoms and peer problems and an increase in peer problems 6 months later. Results also showed evidence of mediation through social cognitions, specifically sense of control: adolescents with lower perceived family wealth reported a decrease in sense of control (though not self-esteem nor optimism) 6 months later, and lower sense of control predicted increases in emotional symptoms and hyperactivity 6 months later. We found concurrent positive associations between perceived family wealth and all three social cognitions, and concurrent negative associations between social cognitions and mental health problems. The findings indicate that social cognitions, especially sense of control, may be an overlooked mediator of the social gradient in adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Weinberg
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke W J M Stevens
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margot Peeters
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Visser
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Frankenhuis
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Finkenauer
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Slabšinskienė E, Radlinskaitė K, Kavaliauskienė A, Vasiliauskienė I, Zūbienė J, Saldūnaitė-Mikučionienė K, Zaborskis A. Do Subjects from Different Occupational Groups Experience Dental Fear and Anxiety Equally? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:674. [PMID: 38674320 PMCID: PMC11051849 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Research into the relationship between occupation and dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is scarce. This exploratory study aimed to compare the level of DFA and its association with its predictors amongst adults from different occupational groups. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 422 respondents from four occupational groups (physicians, teachers, industry workers, and artists) was carried out. A questionnaire on previous dental experience using the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), Dental Fear Survey (DFS), and Self-Esteem Scale was self-administered electronically. The data analysis involved descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The DFA levels differed significantly across the occupational groups, with the lowest mean scores among physicians (DAS = 9.29 (SE 0.39); DFS-1 = 14.67 (0.63); DFS-2 = 33.94 (1.69)) and the highest mean scores among artists (DAS = 10.74 (0.38); DFS-1 = 17.19 (0.71); DFS-2 = 41.34 (1.92)). A significant impact of self-esteem on DFA was observed among physicians, teachers, and artists, but not among industry workers. Multi-group analysis with SEM revealed differences in the variable association (Chi-squared = 53.75; df = 21; p < 0.001), thus rejecting the hypothesis of the same mechanism underlying DFA across occupational groups. Conclusions: Individuals from various occupations experience DFA at different levels, and there are different mechanisms underlying their DFA. These findings can provide valuable insights for dental practitioners in developing tailored approaches to reduce the feeling of DFA of their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Slabšinskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Karolina Radlinskaitė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Aistė Kavaliauskienė
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Ingrida Vasiliauskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Jūratė Zūbienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Kristina Saldūnaitė-Mikučionienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Apolinaras Zaborskis
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Endo M, Ono M, Deguchi A, Iwata Y, Tamada Y, Masuya J, Tanabe H, Hashimoto N, Inoue T, Honyashiki M. Effects of Subjective Social Status and Self-Esteem in the Association Between Childhood Abuse and Adulthood Anxiety. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:877-884. [PMID: 38645712 PMCID: PMC11032103 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s440616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective social status influences anxiety, but at present, the mechanism is not fully understood. It has been reported that negative childhood experiences, such as abuse, can influence depressive symptoms through subjective social status and personality traits, such as self-esteem. A similar mechanism is presumed to underlie anxiety symptoms in adulthood. Therefore, we hypothesized that subjective social status and self-esteem are intermediate factors in the indirect effects of childhood abuse on state anxiety in adulthood, and analyzed the indirect effects via these factors using a path analysis. Subjects and Methods Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, Subjective Social Status, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y questionnaires were administered in a self-report format to 404 adult volunteers from January 2014 to August 2014. In addition, a path analysis was conducted to determine whether subjective social status and self-esteem are associated with the indirect effects of childhood abuse on anxiety symptoms in adulthood. Results Childhood abuse did not directly affect state anxiety in adulthood, but affected state anxiety via subjective social status and self-esteem. Subjective social status affected state anxiety via self-esteem. This model explained 25.2% of the variation in state anxiety in adult volunteers. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that childhood abuse affects anxiety in adulthood through subjective social status and self-esteem. Therefore, interventions that enhance subjective social status and self-esteem for adults who experienced childhood abuse may help reduce their anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Endo
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Prefectural Psychiatric Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miki Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Deguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Tamada
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanabe
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mina Honyashiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Jiménez Boraita R, Gargallo Ibort E, Dalmau Torres JM, Arriscado Alsina D. Lifestyle habits, health indicators and sociodemographic factors associated with health-related quality of life and self-esteem in adolescents. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:493-512. [PMID: 37658652 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231200661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health is defined as a state of emotional, psychological, and social well-being, and has been shown to be positively associated with self-esteem and quality of life. It is important to note that mental health is dynamic and influenced by a wide range of social, biological, and behavioral factors. Therefore, the aim this study was to describe the health-related quality of life and self-esteem in adolescents, examining their relationship with various health indicators, lifestyle habits, and sociodemographic variables. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years). Health-related quality of life, self-esteem, satisfaction with body image, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity practice, hours of nightly sleep, maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, academic performance, and various sociodemographic factors of all participants were analyzed. RESULTS Regression analysis showed that body satisfaction and academic performance were associated of both health-related quality of life and self-esteem. Additionally, physical activity, age, and favourable settings for physical activity engagement were also found to be related to health-related quality of life, whilst adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hours of nightly sleep, maximum oxygen consumption and socioeconomic status were associated with self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS Given the associations found between health-related quality of life and self-esteem with lifestyle habits and sociodemographic indicators, there is an urgent need to develop interdisciplinary and cross-cutting promotion strategies to improve the mental health of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Jiménez Boraita
- Department of Didactics of Physical Education and Health, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Spain
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Schumacher A, Micheli L. Anticipated scarcity and stockpiling during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of perceived threat, childhood SES and materialism. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294497. [PMID: 38527018 PMCID: PMC10962804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that perceived existential threat experienced during or shortly after the first wave of the global COVID-19 pandemic, engendered anticipated scarcity and stockpiling behavior. However, the relationship between anticipated scarcity and stockpiling may not hold unambiguously for everyone. Across two studies and one preregistered replication (N = 644), we show that perceived threat of COVID-19 is associated with stockpiling tendencies by increasing the anticipation of product scarcity-a resource threat. The association between anticipated product scarcity and stockpiling depends, however, on childhood socio-economic status (SES) and materialism. For individuals with low childhood SES, the anticipation of product scarcity was only associated with stockpiling among those who valued materialism. Individuals with high childhood SES, by contrast, stockpiled in response to anticipated scarcity regardless of their level of materialism. Our findings qualify previous literature on the association between perceived threat of COVID-19, anticipated scarcity and stockpiling during the COVID-19 pandemic and help reconcile contradictory predictions about the role of childhood SES in individuals' consumption behavior in response to adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Schumacher
- Marketing Department, Grenoble École de Management, Grenoble, France
| | - Leticia Micheli
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Chen B, Zhang C, Feng F, Xian H, Zhao Y. The association between social class and aggression: A meta-analytic review. Soc Sci Med 2024; 340:116432. [PMID: 38039768 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Substantial evidence links social class with aggression. Despite lower social class being recognized as a risk factor for high levels of aggression, the findings of this association have been inconsistent. Some studies have indeed illustrated that a social class level is inversely associated with aggression, while other studies have demonstrated positive or null associations. OBJECTIVE To clarify previously inconsistent findings, this meta-analysis assesses the overall magnitude of this relationship and examines the potential moderators. METHODS A total of 268 studies met the inclusion criteria, and we used 546 effect sizes in 357 independent samples from these studies. A random-effects meta-analytic model was employed and several moderator analyses were conducted. RESULTS Overall, social class shared a small but significant negative relationship with aggression (r = -0.092). Moderator analyses suggested that study-level (e.g., type of study, and national differences), sample-level (e.g., age), class-level (e.g., type, assessment, and source of social class), and aggression-level (e.g., type of aggression) characteristics accounted for heterogeneity in the relationship. Additional analyses also revealed the robustness of these effects with little evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS Living in disadvantaged socioecological environments, lower-class individuals may exhibit more aggression to adapt to threats. Moreover, the relationship between social class and aggression is not fixed and can change with specific contexts, and aggression is not an essential feature of a particular social group. This research hopes to inspire future studies to explore the association between social class and aggression more thoroughly. Additionally, it provides insights into how to reduce aggression among lower-class individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fan Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hua Xian
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yufang Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest China, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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15
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Li M, Xu Q, Han X, Jiang Y, Ya R, Li J. A cross-sectional historical study on the changes in self-esteem among Chinese adolescents from 1996 to 2019. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1280041. [PMID: 38106402 PMCID: PMC10722898 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1280041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the changes in self-esteem levels among Chinese adolescents from 1996 to 2019. In this cross-sectional historical study, 109 articles using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) were selected from three Chinese and five English databases. The results showed that: (1) The self-esteem level of Chinese adolescents was positively correlated with the period, indicating that the self-esteem of Chinese adolescents was gradually increasing. (2) The increase in self-esteem level of girls was higher than that of boys. (3) The increase in the self-esteem level of only child was higher than that of non-only child. (4) The self-esteem level of rural adolescents increased year by year. However, the self-esteem level of urban adolescents was not significantly correlated with the years. (5) The changes in macro social factors can significantly predict the upward trend of the self-esteem level of Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
- School of Education, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
- Inner Mongolia Ethnic Education and Psychological Development Research Base, Tongliao, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Student Bullying Prevention and Control Research Center, Tongliao, China
| | - Qinghong Xu
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
- School of Foreign Languages, Yulin University, Yulin, China
| | - Xiangwei Han
- School of Education, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yongzhi Jiang
- School of Education, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
- Inner Mongolia Ethnic Education and Psychological Development Research Base, Tongliao, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Student Bullying Prevention and Control Research Center, Tongliao, China
| | - Ru Ya
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
- School of Education, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
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16
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Zhao S, Du H, Lin D, Wu Q, Li Q, Chi P. Role of self-esteem in the association between mindset of socioeconomic status and well-being: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1336-1351. [PMID: 36882890 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
People who believe that their socioeconomic status (SES) can be changed-with growth mindset or incremental implicit theory of SES-tend to have better psychological well-being. Nevertheless, it remains unclear on why growth mindset of SES benefits well-being. The present research aims to answer this question by investigating the longitudinal associations between mindset of SES and well-being (i.e. depression and anxiety) and a potential mechanism (i.e. self-esteem). We recruited 600 adults in Guangzhou, China, as participants in this study. Participants completed a list of questionnaires containing measures of mindset of SES, self-esteem, depression, and anxiety at three time points over the course of 18 months. The cross-lagged panel model showed that individuals holding a growth mindset of SES reported significantly lower depression and anxiety 1 year later, but the effect was not sustained later. More importantly, self-esteem accounted for the associations of mindset of SES with both depression and anxiety, such that individuals with growth mindset of SES had higher self-esteem, and in turn, demonstrated lower depression and anxiety over 18 months. These findings deepen the understanding of the salutary effects of implicit theories of SES on psychological well-being. Implications for future research and mindset-related interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Danhua Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglu Wu
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qianfeng Li
- School of Educational Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peilian Chi
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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17
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Gautam N, Dessie G, Rahman MM, Khanam R. Socioeconomic status and health behavior in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228632. [PMID: 37915814 PMCID: PMC10616829 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Socioeconomic status affects individuals' health behaviors and contributes to a complex relationship between health and development. Due to this complexity, the relationship between SES and health behaviors is not yet fully understood. This literature review, therefore, aims to assess the association between socioeconomic status and health behaviors in childhood and adolescence. Preferred Reporting for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocol guidelines were used to conduct a systematic literature review. The electronic online databases EBSCO Host, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct were utilized to systematically search published articles. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appeal tool was used to assess the quality of included studies. Eligibility criteria such as study context, study participants, study setting, outcome measures, and key findings were used to identify relevant literature that measured the association between socioeconomic status and health behaviors. Out of 2,391 studies, only 46 met the final eligibility criteria and were assessed in this study. Our review found that children and adolescents with low socioeconomic status face an elevated risk of unhealthy behaviors (e.g., early initiation of smoking, high-energy-dense food, low physical activity, and involvement in drug abuse), in contrast to their counterparts. Conversely, children and adolescents from higher socioeconomic backgrounds exhibit a higher prevalence of health-promoting behaviors, such as increased consumption of fruit and vegetables, dairy products, regular breakfast, adherence to a nutritious diet, and engagement in an active lifestyle. The findings of this study underscore the necessity of implementing specific intervention measures aimed at providing assistance to families from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds to mitigate the substantial disparities in health behavior outcomes in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Gautam
- School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Getenet Dessie
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammad Mafizur Rahman
- School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Rasheda Khanam
- School of Business, Faculty of Business, Education, Law and Arts, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
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18
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Bleidorn W, Kretzschmar A, Rauthmann JF, Orth U, Denissen JJA, Hopwood CJ. Self-Esteem and Income Over Time. Psychol Sci 2023; 34:1163-1172. [PMID: 37732970 DOI: 10.1177/09567976231185129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There is robust evidence that people with higher incomes tend to have higher self-esteem, but little is known about how changes in income and self-esteem are related within individuals. Some theories predict that increased earnings lead to higher self-esteem, others that increased self-esteem leads to higher earnings, and still others that there should be no within-person associations between these variables. We tested these theories in 4-year longitudinal data from more than 4,000 adult participants from a Dutch representative sample. Results indicated significant between-person associations between income and self-esteem, consistent with prior research. Within-person effects suggested that increases in self-esteem are a function of previous increases in income more than the other way around. These links held when analyses controlled for employment status, and they generalized across gender, age, and educational background. Overall, the findings provide evidence for theories that consider self-esteem as both a source and a consequence of personal earnings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ulrich Orth
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern
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19
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Imamatsu Y, Tadaka E. Factors associated with health behaviors in preventing non-communicable diseases among older adults living alone in poverty in Japan. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1207334. [PMID: 37744488 PMCID: PMC10514498 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1207334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Older adults who live alone in poverty are highly susceptible to non-communicable diseases and other adverse conditions owing to health disparities resulting from social structures. However, the factors associated with health behavior to prevent non-communicable diseases in this population are rarely explored. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with health behavior to prevent non-communicable diseases among older adults living alone in poverty. Methods We conducted a self-administered mail survey covering 2,818 older adults living alone who were receiving public assistance, randomly selected from lists of individuals receiving national public assistance in all 1,250 local social welfare offices across Japan. A total of 1,608 individuals completed the questionnaire, a valid response rate of 57.1%. Respondents' mean age was 74.5 years (standard deviation = 6.7), and 52.9% were women. The study variables included demographic characteristics, scores on a health behavior scale for older adults living alone and receiving public assistance (HBSO), and individual and community-related factors. Results Logistic regression analysis revealed that the individual factor of having a health check-up in the past 12 months [odds ratio (OR): 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.91] and the community-related factors Lubben social network scale score (OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.12-1.18) and Community Commitment Scale score (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08) were significantly associated with HBSO scores. Conclusion To improve health behavior among older adults living alone in poverty in Japan, social structures, such as lowering mental barriers to the detection, treatment, and management of non-communicable diseases and developing human resources, should be changed to provide social support, such that these individuals are not only dependent on family and friends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Imamatsu
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama City, Japan
| | - Etsuko Tadaka
- Department of Community and Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Schoneveld E, Brummelman E. "You did incredibly well!": teachers' inflated praise can make children from low-SES backgrounds seem less smart (but more hardworking). NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2023; 8:31. [PMID: 37658066 PMCID: PMC10474104 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Can teachers' inflated praise make children from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds seem less smart? We conducted two preregistered experiments to address this question. We used hypothetical scenarios to ensure experimental control. An experiment with primary school teachers (N = 106, ages 21-63) showed that when a child from a low-SES (vs. high-SES) background succeeded in school, teachers attributed this success more to hard work and delivered more inflated praise (e.g., "You did incredibly well!") but less modest praise (e.g., "You did well!"). An experiment with primary school children (N = 63, ages 10-13) showed that when children learned that another child received inflated praise (while an equally performing classmate received modest praise or no praise), they perceived this child as less smart but more hardworking. These studies provide converging evidence that teachers' inflated praise, although well-intentioned, can make children from low-SES backgrounds seem less smart, thereby reinforcing negative stereotypes about these children's academic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel Schoneveld
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eddie Brummelman
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Renger D, Reinken A, Krys S, Gardani M, Martiny SE. Why the belief in one's equal rights matters: Self-respect, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation in Western and non-Western countries. Health Psychol Open 2023; 10:20551029231206780. [PMID: 37873550 PMCID: PMC10590545 DOI: 10.1177/20551029231206780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present research investigated the relationship between self-respect (i.e., a person's belief of possessing the same rights as others) and depressive symptoms. Based on earlier longitudinal findings that self-respect fosters assertiveness and that assertiveness negatively predicts depressive symptoms, we tested these relationships in Western and non-Western countries. Additionally, we explored associations with suicidal ideation. Across seven countries (N = 2408) we found that self-respect and depressive symptoms were negatively correlated. In addition, we found evidence for an indirect path via assertiveness as well as negative correlations with suicidal ideation in countries with available measures. Finally, within-manuscript meta-analyses confirmed the main path between self-respect and depressive symptoms across all seven countries. This research presents the first evidence for the negative association between self-respect (feeling equal to others) and depressive symptoms and highlights new directions for linking self and self-regard to mental health.
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22
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van Schie C, Cook JL, Elzinga B, Ly V. A boost in self-esteem after positive social evaluation predicts social and non-social learning. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230027. [PMID: 37234503 PMCID: PMC10206450 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluctuations in self-esteem resulting from social acceptance and rejection could guide social behaviour by putting us in a state that is more or less open to social experiences. However, it remains unclear whether social acceptance and rejection may shape learning from social information depending on individual differences in self-esteem changes. Here we used a social feedback paradigm to manipulate social acceptance and rejection in a between-subjects design. Subsequently, we administered a behavioural task that enables the assessment of how well individuals learn on the basis of own experiences versus social information. Participants receiving positive (N = 43) versus negative (N = 44) social evaluation demonstrated an increase in subjective self-esteem. Importantly, the effect of the social evaluation on social learning was moderated by self-esteem changes. Specifically, an increase in self-esteem, as induced by positive evaluation, was associated with increased learning from social, but decreased learning from individual information. A decrease in self-esteem in response to negative evaluation was associated with decreased learning from individual information. These data suggest that increases in self-esteem in response to positive evaluation can induce a shift in the inclination to use social versus non-social information and may open one up to constructive learning from others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte van Schie
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and the School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - Bernet Elzinga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Verena Ly
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute Office, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Butterfield RD, Silk JS. The Role of Neural Self-Referential Processes Underlying Self-Concept in Adolescent Depression: A Comprehensive Review and Proposed Neurobehavioral Model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 149:105183. [PMID: 37076056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
There is growing knowledge about how self-concept develops in adolescence and contributes to the onset of depression, but researchers have only recently begun investigating the neural mechanisms that underlie self-referential cognition in adolescents with and without depression. This paper reviews task-related functional neuroimaging (fMRI) research on self-referential neural processing in both healthy and depressed adolescents (Mage range = 12-18 years), with a focus on elucidating brain activation that may subserve adolescent self-perception and related associations with depression. Drawing on conclusions from the affective neuroscience literature and developmental theory, we propose a neurobehavioral model and future research recommendations to address how social factors might shape self-referential neural processes and self-concept in ways that confer risk for depression. We review the operationalization of self-concept, developmental theory (i.e., symbolic interactionism) on self-concept development, and the role of self-concept in adolescent depression. We then review empirical studies assessing neural activation during healthy and depressed adolescents' processing of self-relevant information, and the limited studies assessing links between social factors and neural self-referential processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology and Psychiatry
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24
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Antonoplis S. Studying Socioeconomic Status: Conceptual Problems and an Alternative Path Forward. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:275-292. [PMID: 35981108 PMCID: PMC10018062 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221093615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES; or social class) is considered an important determinant of psychological and life outcomes. Despite this importance, how to appropriately conceive of and measure it remains unsettled. In this article, I argue that SES is, under conventional conceptions of the construct, an unmeasurable construct and present an alternative strategy for studying socioeconomic conditions. I make this argument using several lines of analysis. First, a literature review of 20 years of psychological research on SES reveals that psychologists rarely define SES theoretically (79.6% of articles did not) but call a great number of operationalizations measures of SES (147 in total). Second, current recommendations for studying SES permit contradictory predictions, rendering the recommendations unsatisfactory. Third, the appropriate measurement model for SES inhibits accumulation of results across studies, which makes studying the construct practically impossible. To rectify these issues, I reconceptualize SES as a set of socioeconomic conditions and develop a measurement strategy for studying these conditions. I conclude by considering implications for ongoing research on socioeconomic conditions and for interpreting past research on SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Antonoplis
- Stephen Antonoplis, Department of
Psychology, University of California, Berkeley
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25
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Stuppy A, Smith RW. Self-esteem influences the willingness to engage in COVID-19 prevention behavior and persuasion efficacy. Soc Sci Med 2023; 320:115715. [PMID: 36716697 PMCID: PMC9862665 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Behaviors such as hand-washing and vaccination save human lives during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Yet, people differ widely in their willingness to engage in them. This investigation examines whether people's willingness to protect themselves physically from contracting coronavirus depends on their self-esteem. Based on self-verification theory, we propose that people who hold negative self-views are less motivated to protect their health which reduces their willingness to engage in recommended preventive measures such as mask-wearing and social-distancing. OBJECTIVE We set out to test (i) whether self-esteem predicts people's willingness to engage in COVID-19 prevention behaviors, (ii) whether this relationship is due to variance in motivation to protect one's health (as well as alternative mechanisms), and (iii) whether health messages can more successfully persuade low self-esteem people to follow preventive measures by framing those behaviors around protecting the health of others (vs. oneself). METHODS Four studies were conducted with U.S. and German residents. In Study 1, we examine the association between self-esteem, willingness to engage in self-protection behavior, health motivation, and several alternative accounts. In Study 2, we manipulate state self-esteem, and in Studies 3 and 4, we vary the target of COVID-19 prevention behaviors (self vs. other). RESULTS People with chronic or temporarily induced low self-esteem report a lower willingness to engage in COVID-19 prevention behaviors because they lack motivation to protect their health. Varying the protection target of preventive behaviors (self vs. others) interacts with self-esteem: Low self-esteem people are more willing to follow preventive measures (e.g., vaccination) when they are framed as protecting others (vs. oneself). CONCLUSIONS Self-esteem impacts people's behavior during a global pandemic and needs to be considered when designing health communications. Public health messages can increase compliance among individuals with lower self-esteem by framing prevention behaviors as a way to protect the health of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Stuppy
- Department of Marketing, Tilburg School of Economics and Management, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Robert W Smith
- Department of Marketing, Tilburg School of Economics and Management, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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26
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Lan X. Plight or light? Elucidating the main and interacting effects of parenting styles and BIS/BAS profiles on left-behind youth’s self-esteem. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractToday, many labor-aged adults worldwide work and live for a prolonged period outside of their places of origin in locations where the laborers’ school-aged children cannot migrate with their parents, creating a group known as left-behind youth. Empirical studies regarding the impact of parental migration (left-behind versus non-left-behind) on positive youth development, such as self-esteem, remain scarce, and the collective findings are divergent and controversial. Accordingly, the relational and individual correlates of self-esteem among those youth are largely underexplored. Two independent studies were conducted to fill these crucial knowledge gaps. In Study 1 (N = 738; Mage = 15.86; 54.6% girls), I compared the self-esteem of left-behind youth and their non-left-behind peers after adjusting for sociodemographic covariates and social desirability. In Study 2 (N = 1060; Mage = 13.05; 49.5% girls), I aimed to replicate the findings obtained from Study 1 but used a different measurement and another independent sample. Additionally, I extended Study 1 to investigate the main and interactive relationships between parenting styles (parental warmth and control) and the behavioral inhibition/activation system profiles with self-esteem. To clarify the commonality and specificity of these relationships, I also estimated the moderating role of left-behind status herein. Converging findings across both studies challenged the widely vulnerable image of left-behind youth and revealed that this group did not show significant differences in terms of self-esteem, as compared to non-left-behind peers. Interaction analyses also suggested that shy left-behind youth weaken the extent to which their self-esteem is detrimentally affected by low parental warmth/high parental control.
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27
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Wang Y, Hu M, Ding R, He P. The dynamic relationship between subjective social status and health: Evidence from a Chinese cohort study. Br J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1-21. [PMID: 35707905 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Using nationally representative longitudinal data from 2010 to 2018 in China, this study systematically investigates the relationship between Subjective Social Status (SSS) and health (physical health and mental health) in the Chinese adult population. METHODS By applying between-within model, we disentangle the relationship between health outcomes and: (1) between-individual differences in SSS and (2) within-individual variations of SSS across time. In addition, to explore SSS mobility and trajectory, we further decomposed SSS into lagged SSS and the change between the current and lagged SSS (mobility). RESULTS We find that there is significantly positive and unique relationship (independent of Objective Social Status (OSS)) between SSS and physical and mental health. However, for physical health, we observed an Inverse-U effect of average SSS, after some point (SSS = 3.93), higher average SSS is associated with a score decrease. Through heterogeneity analysis, we find that for physical health, within- and between-effects decreases with age and for mental health, the within effect is only significant among the urban population. Individuals with high expected mobility are also found to have significantly better health. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that the personal relative deprivation has negative, particularly salient and unique effects on the health of the Chinese population, and it is important to consider the dynamic nature of SSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshang Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzheng Hu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Ding
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping He
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Alhumaid MM, Said MA. Increased physical activity, higher educational attainment, and the use of mobility aid are associated with self-esteem in people with physical disabilities. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1072709. [PMID: 36910798 PMCID: PMC9995828 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1072709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High self-esteem can help people with disabilities overcome barriers and improve their mental health and well-being. This study sought to examine self-esteem levels among Saudis with physical disabilities based on socio-economic factors. It also aimed to determine the minimum weekly duration of physical activity performed by participants and examine its effects, along with those of other socio-economic factors, on participants' self-esteem. Methods A participant sample (N = 582) consisting of Saudi individuals aged 33.78 ± 9.81 years with physical disabilities (males, n = 289; females, n = 293) was recruited to participate in this study. Levels of self-esteem were measured using the Arabic version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results Compared to women, men demonstrated significantly higher levels of overall self-esteem, positive feelings, and negative feelings (p < 0.01). The respondents' average levels of overall self-esteem (p < 0.001), positive feelings (p < 0.01), and negative feelings (p < 0.001) also varied by type of physical disability. Wheelchair-using participants had the highest values for self-esteem and positive feelings; cane-using participants or those who did not use mobility aids had the lowest values. Weighted least squares regression showed that weekly physical activity was the factor that most affected self-esteem (β = 0.002), followed by education level (β = 0.115), then type of mobility device used (β = -0.07). Conclusion Increased weekly physical activity, higher education levels, and the use of mobility aids were the factors likely to improve the self-esteem of Saudis with physical disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Said
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jandouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
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Tibubos AN, Werner AM, Brähler E, Shahar G, Ernst M, Reiner I, Beutel ME. Self-Criticism in the General Population: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire Self-Criticism 4 (DEQ-SC4). J Pers Assess 2023; 105:74-86. [PMID: 35298312 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2043878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-criticism is a stable personality trait identified as a serious risk factor for psychopathology and weight-related health problems. Therefore, it is relevant to epidemiological research, which requires a relatively brief instrument for measuring trait self-criticism in the general population. The current study introduces a brief measure of self-criticism and presents empirical results that inform on its reliability and validity. Based on the six-item version of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire Self-Criticism (DEQ-SC6), thorough psychometric analyses on a German representative sample (N = 2,516) were conducted and resulted in the final four-item scale: the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire Self-Criticism 4 (DEQ-SC4). Its internal consistency was good and a one-dimensional factor structure showed a good model fit. In terms of construct validity, the DEQ-SC4 was moderately linked to symptoms of depression and a non-linear association between the DEQ-SC4 and body mass index was observed, with the highest levels of self-criticism reported by underweight participants. In addition, the DEQ-SC4 showed high positive correlations with another short version of the DEQ-SC and the Big Five personality dimensions assessed in samples of university students (N = 206) and patients (N = 55), meeting theoretically-based expectations. The DEQ-SC4 therefore represents a brief screening measure of self-criticism in the general population with good psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana N Tibubos
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Nursing Science, Diagnostics in Healthcare & E-Health, University Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Antonia M Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, Behavioral Medicine Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Golan Shahar
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mareike Ernst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Iris Reiner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Reitz AK. Self‐esteem development and life events: A review and integrative process framework. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Reitz
- Department of Developmental Psychology Tilburg University Tilburg The Netherlands
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How Do People Evaluate Themselves in Terms of Assertiveness and Ability After Having Failed or Succeeded: The (Economic) Consequences Matter! INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.5334/irsp.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Ho KY, Lam KKW, Bressington DT, Lin J, Mak YW, Wu C, Li WHC. Use of a positive psychology intervention (PPI) to promote the psychological well-being of children living in poverty: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055506. [PMID: 35977772 PMCID: PMC9389124 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poverty has a detrimental influence on psychological well-being of children. Existing evidence shows that positive psychology interventions are possible to mitigate such impact. Despite criticisms that positive psychology resembles a scientific Pollyannaism that promotes overly positivity, positive psychology is not the scientific Pollyannaism that denies the difficulties and emotions that people may experience. Whereas, positive psychology acknowledges the difficulties and emotions, alongside with building up human resilience, strength and growth to face adversity. This study examined the feasibility of implementing a positive psychology intervention among Hong Kong Chinese children living in poverty. METHODS A feasibility randomised controlled trial will be conducted. A convenience sample of 120 children aged 13-17 years will be recruited from a community centre in Kwai Tsing district. Participants who are randomised into the experimental group will join a 1.5-hour workshop covering four positive psychology techniques: (1) gratitude visits/letters, (2) three good things, (3) you at your best and (4) using signature strengths. A booster intervention will be provided at 1 week. Control group participants will not receive any intervention. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics will be used to calculate the feasibility measures. Effect sizes on psychological outcomes (ie, self-esteem, depressive symptoms and quality of life) will be estimated by mixed between-within subjects analysis of variance using partial eta squared with poverty (yes, no) entering into the model as a factor. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institutional Review Broad. We will obtain parental consent as our subjects are below 18 years old. Findings from this study will be disseminated via international publications and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04875507.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yan Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Jessie Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yim Wah Mak
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cynthia Wu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William H C Li
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Kappner N, Lang J, Berthold A, Gaum PM. The moderating effect of social resources on the link between study-related stressors and depressive symptoms among medical students in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:524. [PMID: 35918711 PMCID: PMC9345665 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated the negative effects of study-related stressors on the mental health of medical students. It has been found that social resources such as social identity, dual identity and social support help buffer negative mental health outcomes. Notably, social status has been found to weaken the connection between stress and depressive symptoms. Based on these findings, the present study investigates how social resources (i.e., social identity, social support, dual identity and status) mitigate the impact of study-related stressors on the mental health of medical students who carry an inordinate stress burden. METHODS The data collection was based on a questionnaire (online and paper-pencil) which was distributed to medical students in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The sample (224 participants) consisted of 77.2% female and 22.8% male medical students (36.2% human medicine students (HMS) and 63.8% dental medicine students (DMS)). The questionnaire included graphical scales and standardized questionnaires. We investigated demographic data, study-related stressors (i.e. academic performance, clinical practice, faculty relations) and depressive symptoms as outcomes, and social identity, social support, dual identity and status as moderators. The analyses were performed using SPSS 25 for Windows. RESULTS We found significant positive associations between study-related stressors and depressive symptoms. While dual identity as well as social support by fellow students emerged as buffers in these associations, the other social resources did not. As regards status, it was found to work as a buffer only in HMS, who typically enjoy a significantly higher status than dental medical students. CONCLUSION It is only social resources such as support from fellow students and dual identity, but not other resource types, that can be effective buffers against depressive symptoms associated with study-related stressors. These findings can be used to promote students' identities in relation to both fellow students and the faculty, or the university as a whole, enabling students to better cope with stress and, thus, suffer less from depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the HMS, who ascribe a relatively high status to themselves, can use their status as a buffering factor in stressful situations, in which little can be done from the outside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Kappner
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Jessica Lang
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Berthold
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Maria Gaum
- grid.1957.a0000 0001 0728 696XInstitute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Conner KR, Abar B, Aldalur A, Chiang A, Hutchison M, Maisto SA, Stecker T. Alcohol-related consequences and the intention to seek care in treatment naïve women and men with severe alcohol use disorder. Addict Behav 2022; 131:107337. [PMID: 35483181 PMCID: PMC9717617 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on treatment utilization for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is based primarily on clinical samples and community samples of low AUD severity that may not need formal care. Using a community sample of adults with untreated but severe AUD symptoms, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol-related consequences, but not alcohol consumption levels, are associated with the intention to seek AUD treatment, examined associations of specific types of alcohol-related consequences with intention, and explored sex differences in these associations. METHODS The sample was recruited using social media ads for a randomized controlled trial to test a brief intervention to promote AUD treatment seeking. This report is based on analysis of baseline data collected prior to treatment intervention. Multiple linear regressions examined associations of measures of alcohol consumption, alcohol-related consequences broadly, and specific alcohol-related consequences with the intention to seek treatment. Moderating effects of sex on associations were explored. RESULTS Subjects (n = 349) averaged 41 years of age, 48% were female, 6% were Latinx, 80% were white, 15% were Black, and 92% met criteria for severe AUD. Alcohol consumption measures were not associated with intention to seek treatment whereas interpersonal- and intrapersonal- consequences were associated with intention. Sex served as a moderator, with intrapersonal consequences (e.g., sad mood) showing a stronger association with intention in women and social responsibility consequences (particularly financial) associated with intention in men. CONCLUSION Select alcohol-related consequences may be keys to understanding increased intention to seek AUD treatment including intrapersonal consequences in women and financial consequences in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Conner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 655C, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Beau Abar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 655C, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Aileen Aldalur
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 655C, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Andrew Chiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 655C, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Morica Hutchison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, 300 Crittenden Boulevard, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Stephen A Maisto
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
| | - Tracy Stecker
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 99 Jonathan Lucas Street, Room 431, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Jessop DC, Harris PR, Gibbons T. Individual differences in spontaneous self-affirmation predict well-being. SELF AND IDENTITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2079711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy Gibbons
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Usage Patterns and Self-Esteem of Female Consumers of Antiaging Cosmetic Products. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an irreversible process of the human body, resulting from a progressive decrease in the biological functions of the organs, including the skin. This study analyzed the relationship between usage patterns of different types of anti-aging cosmetic products, sociodemographic variables, appearance schemes, psychological morbidity, perfectionism, and aging perception of aging with self-esteem. This cross-sectional study included a sample of 260 women, aged between 25 and 64 years, who are users of anti-aging cosmetics and/or aesthetic treatments. Participants were assessed on psychological morbidity (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), appearance schemes (Appearance Schemas Inventory—Revised), perfectionism (Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale), aging perceptions (Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire), and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). The use of facial-firming cosmetics positively correlated with self-esteem. The results of regression analysis revealed that psychological morbidity and perfectionism contribute negatively to self-esteem, while marital status, professional status, and aging perceptions (positive consequences) contribute positively. According to the results, intervention programs to promote women’s self-esteem should focus on the reduction in psychological morbidity and the promotion of adaptive patterns of perfectionism and address aging perceptions. Longitudinal studies might help explain the complex relationship between the use of anti-aging cosmetic products and psychological variables, particularly self-esteem in women.
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Piff PK, Dietze P, Ceballos RM. Personal and Social Means Can Be (But Need Not Be) Opposing: The Case of Social Class. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2022.2037996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul K. Piff
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Pia Dietze
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rudy M. Ceballos
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Milyavsky M, Chernikova M. Agency and Assistance Are Compensatory When They Are Perceived as Substitutable Means: A Response to Commentaries. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2022.2038009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Milyavsky
- Faculty of Business Administration, Ono Academic College, Kiryat Ono, Israel
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Impact of the Acceptance of Disability on Self-Esteem among Adults with Disabilities: A Four-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073874. [PMID: 35409553 PMCID: PMC8997373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study identified the acceptance of disability’s impact on self-esteem among adults with disabilities in South Korea. This is a four-year follow-up study that obtained data from the Panel Survey of Employment for Persons with Disabilities from 2017 to 2020. In total, 3329 individuals participated. Logistic regression examined the acceptance of disability’s effect on self-esteem. These variables were categorized based on the acceptance of disability (high→high, low→high, high→low, and low→low) and self-esteem (low and not low). Compared to the participants with a consistently high acceptance of disability, those with constantly low acceptance were 2.35 times (95% CI 1.81–3.04) more likely to have low self-esteem. When the acceptance of disability was low→high and high→low, the low self-esteem probability was 1.23 and 1.66 times, respectively. Low self-esteem was prominent for the following: men, 50–64-year olds, married, urban, economic activists, the mid–low household income category, and those with sensory disability. Acceptance of disability can adversely affect self-esteem when it is consistently low or changes from high to low. Among socio-economic factors, there were several risk factors that could make individuals more vulnerable to low self-esteem. Therefore, it is necessary to help people accept their disabilities to maintain healthy self-esteem levels.
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Pan Y, Zhou D, Shek DTL. Participation in After-School Extracurricular Activities and Cognitive Ability Among Early Adolescents in China: Moderating Effects of Gender and Family Economic Status. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:839473. [PMID: 35372150 PMCID: PMC8968855 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.839473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although theories and research suggest that participation in extracurricular activities plays an important role in adolescents' cognitive development, few studies have addressed this issue among early adolescents in China. Based on the responses of 9,830 Chinese junior high school students (M age = 14.54 years, SD = 0.70 years), we investigated the relationships between different types of extracurricular activities and cognitive ability among junior high school students and the moderating effects of gender and family economic status. Using multi-level multiple regression analyses, results indicated that while time spent completing homework and physical exercise was positively associated with students' cognitive ability, time spent on extracurricular tutoring, interest classes, watching TV, and surfing online and playing games was negatively related to students' cognitive ability. The observed relationships were also moderated by gender and family economic status. Specifically, time spent on completing homework had a stronger positive relationship with boys' cognitive ability, whereas time spent attending extracurricular tutoring on weekdays had a stronger negative relationship with girls' cognitive ability, and time spent on physical exercise was more strongly related to girls' cognitive ability in a positive manner. Besides, time spent attending interest classes on weekdays had a stronger negative relationship with cognitive ability among students from wealthy families, and time spent watching TV and physical exercise had stronger negative and positive effects on the cognitive ability among students from economically disadvantaged families, respectively. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings regarding the role of extra-curricular activities on adolescent development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangu Pan
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| | - Daniel Tan Lei Shek
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Postigo Á, Fernández-Alonso R, Fonseca-Pedrero E, González-Nuevo C, Muñiz J. Academic Self-Concept Dramatically Declines in Secondary School: Personal and Contextual Determinants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3010. [PMID: 35270703 PMCID: PMC8910088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Academic self-concept is one of the most important non-cognitive variables in determining students' attitudes towards school and their performance. The objective of this study was to use a longitudinal approach to analyze how academic self-concept changed between primary and secondary schools and to analyze the factors that affected that progression. The sample consisted of 7379 students (47.4% girls) evaluated at two time-points: fourth grade and eighth grade. Six schooling pathways were analyzed: repeating a year before fourth grade, repeating between fourth and eighth grade, and repeating eighth grade. Five two-level hierarchical linear models of intrasubject means were assessed. The results indicate that academic self-concept falls dramatically between primary school and secondary school, varying according to background variables. Nevertheless, the most influential factor was the students' schooling pathway. This study reinforces the evidence that, at least in the Spanish context, educational policies need to address alternatives to repetition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Postigo
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Plaza de Feijoo s/n., 33003 Oviedo, Spain; (Á.P.); (C.G.-N.)
| | - Rubén Fernández-Alonso
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Oviedo, Aniceto Sela s/n., 33007 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Education of the Principality of Asturias Government, Plaza de España 5, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, Luis de Ulloa 2, 26004 Logroño, Spain;
| | - Covadonga González-Nuevo
- Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Plaza de Feijoo s/n., 33003 Oviedo, Spain; (Á.P.); (C.G.-N.)
| | - José Muñiz
- Nebrija University, Rector, Santa Cruz de Marcenado 27, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
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Gilbert KM, Elliot AJ, Le BM. Economic status and avoidance motivation: a meta-analysis. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-022-09930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Motivational determinants of physical activity in disadvantaged populations with (pre)diabetes: a cross-cultural comparison. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:164. [PMID: 35073882 PMCID: PMC8787976 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding motivational determinants of physical activity (PA) is essential to guide the implementation of PA at individual and population level. Knowledge about the cross-cultural generalizability of these determinants is lacking and they have mostly been studied as separate factors. This study compares a motivational process model across samples from diverse populations with, or at risk of diabetes. Methods Measurement invariance of barrier identified regulation, barrier self-efficacy and social support was assessed in a rural Ugandan sample (n = 712) and disadvantaged samples with high proportions of immigrants in urban South Africa (n = 566) and Sweden (n = 147). These motivational determinants were then compared through multigroup structural equation modeling. Results The studied motivational constructs showed scalar invariance. Latent mean levels of perceived social support and barrier self-efficacy were lower in South Africa and Sweden. Structural models (for different PA outcomes) were not consistent across settings except for the association between perceived social support and identified regulation. Identified regulation was only associated with vigorous PA in Uganda and with moderate PA in South Africa. The association between social support and PA outcomes ranged from weak to not significant and the association between self-efficacy and PA was not significant. Self-reported PA was highest in Uganda and lowest in Sweden. Self-reported vigorous PA was significantly related to lower hemoglobin A1c levels, while moderate PA was not. Conclusions Findings suggest that: 1) it is feasible to compare a motivational process model across diverse settings; 2) there is lower perceived social support and self-efficacy in the urban, migrant samples; 3) identified regulation is a more promising determinant of PA than self-efficacy or social support in these populations; 4) associations between motivational determinants and PA depend on the perceived type and/or intensity of PA; 5) perceived relatedness functions as a basic psychological need across diverse settings; and 6) people’s perception of the PA they perform depends on their perceived level of intensity of PA which would have major implications for health promotion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12539-9.
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Disadvantaged group activists' attitudes toward advantaged group allies in social movements. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yong JC, Tan YW, Li NP, Meltzer AL. Testing the Mate Preference Priority Model with the Profile-Based Experimental Paradigm: A Replication and Extension. J Pers 2021; 90:821-845. [PMID: 34967440 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the mate preference priority model (MPPM; Li et al., 2002) has advanced our understanding of mate preferences, tests of the MPPM have relied on methods using text labels and thus lack ecological validity. We address this gap by testing the MPPM using Townsend and colleagues' (1990a; 1990b; 1993) profile-based experimental paradigm, which utilizes profiles comprising photos of pre-rated models to manipulate physical attractiveness as well as costumes and descriptions to manipulate social status. METHOD Using Singaporean samples, we conducted two studies (Study 1 n = 431, Study 2 n = 964) where participants judged the short-term and long-term mating desirability of opposite-sex profiles varying systematically on physical attractiveness and social status. We also tested whether treating these attributes as ordinal or continuous variables would be more valid. RESULTS Results showed broad support for evolutionary predictions of mate preferences and priorities while revealing an increased premium placed on social status in our sample. We also found that continuous operationalizations produced less inflated results. CONCLUSIONS The current research provides the first non-label, profile-based test of the MPPM, a well-powered replication of the profile-based paradigm, and an opportunity to observe the robustness and variations of mate preferences in a non-Western culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Yong
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Northumberland Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST
| | - Yi Wen Tan
- School of Humanities and Behavioral Sciences, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Road, Singapore, 599494
| | - Norman P Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, 90 Stamford Road, Singapore, 178903
| | - Andrea L Meltzer
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W Call St, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Hoferichter F, Kulakow S, Hufenbach MC. Support From Parents, Peers, and Teachers Is Differently Associated With Middle School Students' Well-Being. Front Psychol 2021; 12:758226. [PMID: 34925161 PMCID: PMC8674184 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.758226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parents, peers, and teachers provide a powerful context for school students’ well-being. However, a detailed and systematic analysis of how parental, peer, and teacher support relate to students’ well-being, measured by the dimensions self-worth, psychological and physical well-being, is still missing. To address this research gap, the following study investigates 733 adolescent German students from grades 7 and 8 (Mage = 13.97, SD = 0.41, 52% girls) with respect to their perceived supportive relationships at home and within the school context. The study considers gender, socioeconomic status, and school form as potential confounders. The results of the structural equation model, analyzed with the statistical software R, indicate that perceived teacher support was positively related to students’ self-worth and physical well-being, while peer support was related to psychological well-being. Students who perceived their parents as supportive reported higher well-being with respect to all three dimensions investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Hoferichter
- Department of School Pedagogy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Kulakow
- Department of School Pedagogy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Coulombe BR, Yates TM. Maternal caregiving, prosocial behavior, and self‐esteem in middle childhood. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuppett M. Yates
- Department of Psychology University of California Riverside United States
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Collective self-doubt: does subjective SES predict behavioral self-handicapping tendency in college students? SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11218-021-09678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Neely-Prado A, van Elk M, Navarrete G, Hola F, Huepe D. Social Adaptation in Context: The Differential Role of Religiosity and Self-Esteem in Vulnerable vs. Non-vulnerable Populations - A Registered Report Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:519623. [PMID: 34899444 PMCID: PMC8652253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.519623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that religiosity and self-esteem are positively related, while self-esteem and religiosity in turn predict successful social adaptation. Moreover, self-esteem has been shown to be directly related to social adaptation in vulnerable contexts. In this registered report study, we tested the hypothesis that religiosity has a positive influence on social adaptation for people living in vulnerable contexts and that self-esteem is a mediator of this relationship. Evidence from this study indicates that neither there is any effect of religiosity on social adaptation nor on self-esteem, independent of whether people live in vulnerable contexts or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Neely-Prado
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michiel van Elk
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gorka Navarrete
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Hola
- Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Huepe
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
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Shifrer D, Pals H. Social mobility, adolescents' psycho-social dispositions, and parenting. RESEARCH IN SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND MOBILITY 2021; 75:100646. [PMID: 35382355 PMCID: PMC8979411 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2021.100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Psycho-social dispositions and parental influence are central in early status attainment models. We apply the Social Structure and Personality framework to investigate the contributions of adolescents' psycho-social dispositions to social mobility, and then the contributions of parents' socioeconomic status (SES) and parenting to adolescents' psycho-social dispositions. The Kaplan Longitudinal and Multigenerational Study includes data on two generations of respondents: the first-generation of respondents was observed from seventh grade in 1971 until midlife, and the second-generation, their children, was observed from adolescence to young adulthood. We find that upward social mobility is inhibited by poor psycho-social dispositions, particularly by negative self-feelings. SES, in turn, also affects psycho-social dispositions. Family income is more relevant (i.e., variance explained) than parental education for adolescents' locus of control, while parental education is more relevant for adolescents' negative self-feelings. Finally, our findings indicate that parenting can disrupt the cycle of social reproduction, with lower SES adolescents exhibiting lower levels of negative self-feelings if their parents are more attached or less authoritarian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Shifrer
- Department of Sociology, Portland State University, 1721 SW Broadway Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Heili Pals
- Department of Sociology, Texas A&M University, 311 Academic Bldg., College Station, TX, 77843-4351, USA
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