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Drago G, Aloi N, Ruggieri S, Longo A, Contrino ML, Contarino FM, Cibella F, Colombo P, Longo V. Guardians under Siege: Exploring Pollution's Effects on Human Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7788. [PMID: 39063030 PMCID: PMC11277414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical pollution poses a significant threat to human health, with detrimental effects on various physiological systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, mental, and perinatal domains. While the impact of pollution on these systems has been extensively studied, the intricate relationship between chemical pollution and immunity remains a critical area of investigation. The focus of this study is to elucidate the relationship between chemical pollution and human immunity. To accomplish this task, this study presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies, shedding light on the ways in which chemical pollution can modulate human immunity. Our aim is to unveil the complex mechanisms by which environmental contaminants compromise the delicate balance of the body's defense systems going beyond the well-established associations with defense systems and delving into the less-explored link between chemical exposure and various immune disorders, adding urgency to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare Drago
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Noemi Aloi
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Silvia Ruggieri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Alessandra Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Maria Lia Contrino
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Siracusa, Corso Gelone 17, 96100 Siracusa, Italy; (M.L.C.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Fabio Massimo Contarino
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Siracusa, Corso Gelone 17, 96100 Siracusa, Italy; (M.L.C.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Fabio Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Valeria Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
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Zhao X, Chen K, Wang J, Qiu Y. Analysis of Prospective Genetic Indicators for Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic in Newborn Cord Blood of Using Machine Learning. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2466-2473. [PMID: 37740142 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Using a machine learning methods, we aim to find biological effect biomarkers of prenatal arsenic exposure in newborn cord blood. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, two datasets (GSE48354 and GSE7967) pertaining to cord blood sequencing while exposed to arsenic were retrieved and merged for additional study. Using the "limma" package in the R, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were eliminated. Machine learning techniques of the LASSO regression algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm were used to find potential biological effect biomarkers for cord blood sequencing in pregnant women exposed to arsenic. To evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used. Furthermore, we investigated the proportion of invading immune cells in each sample using CIBERSORT, and we investigated the relationship between biomarkers and immune cells using the Spearman approach. Using LASSO regression and the SVM-RFE technique, 28 DEGs were discovered, and the main biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic were discovered to be DENND2D, OLIG1, RGS18, CXCL16, DDIT4, FOS, G0S2, GPR183, JMJD6, and SOCS3. According to an immune infiltration analysis and correlation analysis, key biomarkers were substantially associated with the invading immune cells. Ten genes are important biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic connected with infiltrating immune cells, and infiltrating immune cells may play important roles in cord blood exposed to arsenic, according to the study's findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China.
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Feiler MO, Kulick ER, Sinclair K, Spiegel N, Habel S, Castello OG. Toxic metals and pediatric clinical immune dysfunction: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172303. [PMID: 38599398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children are at high risk for exposure to toxic metals and are vulnerable to their effects. Significant research has been conducted evaluating the role of these metals on immune dysfunction, characterized by biologic and clinical outcomes. However, there are inconsistencies in these studies. The objective of the present review is to critically evaluate the existing literature on the association between toxic metals (lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium) and pediatric immune dysfunction. METHODS Seven databases (PubMed (NLM), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (Ebsco), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), ProQuest Public Health Database, and ProQuest Environmental Science Collection) were searched following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in February 2024. Rayaan software identified duplicates and screened by title and abstract in a blinded and independent review process. The remaining full texts were reviewed for content and summarized. Exclusions during the title, abstract, and full-text reviews included: 1) not original research, 2) not epidemiology, 3) did not include toxic metals, 4) did not examine an immune health outcome, or 5) not pediatric (>18 years). This systematic review protocol followed the PRISMA guidelines. Rayaan was used to screen records using title and abstract by two blinded and independent reviewers. This process was repeated for full-text article screening selection. RESULTS The search criteria produced 7906 search results; 2456 duplicate articles were removed across search engines. In the final review, 79 studies were included which evaluated the association between toxic metals and outcomes indicative of pediatric immune dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS The existing literature suggests an association between toxic metals and pediatric immune dysregulation. Given the imminent threat of infectious diseases demonstrated by the recent COVID-19 epidemic in addition to increases in allergic disease, understanding how ubiquitous exposure to these metals in early life can impact immune response, infection risk, and vaccine response is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Oktapodas Feiler
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, United States of America.
| | - Erin R Kulick
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, United States of America
| | - Krystin Sinclair
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, United States of America
| | - Nitzana Spiegel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, United States of America
| | - Sonia Habel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, United States of America
| | - Olivia Given Castello
- Charles Library, Temple University Libraries, Temple University, United States of America
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Koomson AA, Delaney P, Khan N, Sadler KC. Sustained effects of developmental exposure to inorganic arsenic on hepatic gsto2 expression and mating success in zebrafish. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060094. [PMID: 38446164 PMCID: PMC10941348 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The impacts of exposure to the pervasive environmental toxicant, inorganic arsenic (iAs), on human and fish health are well characterized and several lines of evidence suggest that some impacts can manifest years after exposure cessation. Using a developmental exposure protocol whereby zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.5 and 1.5 mM iAs from 4-120 hours post fertilization (hpf) and then removed, we investigated the sustained effects of iAs on gene expression in the liver, survival, reproductive success, and susceptibility to iAs toxicity in the subsequent generation. Persistent exposure to iAs during development had substantial effects on the hepatic transcriptome, with 23% of all expressed genes significantly changed following developmental exposure. The gsto2 gene is involved in iAs metabolism and this gene was significantly downregulated in female livers 9 months after iAs was removed. Developmental exposure to 1.5 mM iAs, but not 0.5 mM, decreased survival by over 50% at 3 months of age. Adults that were developmentally exposed to 0.5 mM iAs had reduced mating success, but their offspring had no differences in observable aspects of development or their susceptibility to iAs toxicity. This demonstrates that developmental exposure of zebrafish to iAs reduces long-term survival, reproductive success and causes sustained changes to gsto2 expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Ama Koomson
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Patrice Delaney
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nouf Khan
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirsten C. Sadler
- Program in Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, United Arab Emirates
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Notario-Barandiaran L, Guill M, Madan J, Baker E, Jackson B, Karagas MR. Prenatal exposure to metal mixtures and lung function in children from the New Hampshire birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117234. [PMID: 37793590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to metals/metalloids, even at common US population levels, may pose risks to fetal health, and affect children's lung function. Yet, the combined effects of simultaneous prenatal exposures on children's lung function remain largely unexplored. This study analyzed 11 metals (As speciation, Cd, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Zn) in maternal urine during weeks 24-28 of gestation and evaluated lung function, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1), in 316 US mother-child pairs at around age 7. We used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum regression (WQSR), and multiple linear regression to examine the association between metal mixture exposure and children's lung function, adjusting for maternal smoking, child age, sex, and height. In BKMR models assessing combined exposure effects, limited evidence of metal non-linearity or interactions was found. Nevertheless, Co, As species, and Pb showed a negative association, while Mo exhibited a positive association with children's FVC and FEV1, with other metals held constant at their medians. The weighted index, from WQSR analysis assessing the cumulative impact of all metals, highlighted prenatal Mo with the highest positive weight, and Co, As, and Sb with the most substantial negative weights on children's FVC and FEV1. Urinary Co and Pb were negatively associated with FVC (β = -0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.18; -0.01) and β = -0.07, 95% CI (-0.13; 0.00), respectively). Co was also negatively associated with FEV1 (β = -0.09, 95% CI (-0.18; 0.00). There was a negative association between As and FVC, and a positive association between Mo and both FVC and FEV1, though with wide confidence intervals. Our findings suggest that prenatal trace element exposures may impact children's lung function, emphasizing the importance of reducing toxic exposures and maintaining adequate nutrient levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain.
| | - Leyre Notario-Barandiaran
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain
| | - Margaret Guill
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Juliette Madan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Emily Baker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Brian Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA.
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Illingworth EJ, Maertens A, Sillé FCM. Transcriptomic Effects of Low-Dose Inorganic Arsenic Exposure on Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.26.550543. [PMID: 37546857 PMCID: PMC10402011 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Both tissue-resident macrophages and monocytes recruited from the bone marrow that transform into tissue-resident cells play critical roles in mediating homeostasis as well as in the pathology of inflammatory diseases. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is the most common drinking water contaminant worldwide and represents a major public health concern. Several diseases that macrophages have implicated involvement in are caused by iAs exposure, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and increased risk of infectious disease. Therefore, understanding the effects of iAs exposure on macrophages can help us better grasp the full range of arsenic immunotoxicity and better design therapeutic targets for iAs-induced diseases particularly in exposed populations. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of low dose iAs-exposed male and female murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with either M0, M1, or M2 stimulation. We identified differentially expressed genes by iAs in a sex- and stimulation-dependent manner and used bioinformatics tools to predict protein-protein interactions, transcriptional regulatory networks, and associated biological processes. Overall, our data suggest that M1-stimulated, especially female-derived, BMDMs are most susceptible to iAs exposure. Most notably, we observed significant downregulation of major proinflammatory transcription factors, like IRF8, and its downstream targets, as well as genes encoding proteins involved in pattern recognition and antigen presentation, such as TLR7, TLR8, and H2-D1, potentially providing causal insight regarding arsenic's role in perturbing immune responses to infectious diseases. We also observed significant downregulation of genes involved in processes crucial to coordinating a proinflammatory response including leukocyte migration, differentiation, and cytokine and chemokine production and response. Finally, we discovered that 24 X-linked genes were dysregulated in iAs-exposed female stimulation groups compared to only 3 across the iAs-exposed male stimulation groups. These findings elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the sex-differential iAs-associated immune-related disease risk.
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Zargari M, Mohammadian M, Malekshah AK, Mianabadi M, Mogaddam AE, Amiri FT. Tyrosol and Olive Oil Ameliorate Sodium Arsenate-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Modulating of Oxidative Stress and Histological Changes in Mice. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:47. [PMID: 37351023 PMCID: PMC10284208 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_78_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sodium arsenate (Na 3As0 4, Sodium As) is an important toxic substance that leads to nephrotoxicity. Due to having bioactive molecules, such as polyphenols and tyrosol, olive oil plays a significant role in scavenging free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of olive oil and tyrosol on As-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods In our study, 42 adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: control (normal saline), olive oil (0.4 ml/d, gavage), tyrosol (5 mg/kg/d), Sodium As (15 mg/kg), olive oil + Sodium As, and tyrosol + Sodium As (olive oil and tyrosol received one hour before Sodium As). Drugs were administreted once daily for 30 consecutive days. On the 31st day of the study, oxidative stress parameters in kidney tissue, FRAP in plasma, renal function parameters in serum, and histopathological assays were performed. Results Sodium As-induced renal damage as characterized by a significant increase of creatinine and BUN (P < 0.001) and histopathological changes. Also, Sodium As markedly altered oxidative stress biomarkers such as a significant increase in MDA (P < 0.001) and significantly decreased in FRAP and GSH (P < 0.01). Olive oil and tyrosol administration significantly improved the renal antioxidant defense system and decreased MDA concentration, markedly preserving the tissue structure and functional markers of kidney. However, these effects were more effective for tyrosol than olive oil. Conclusions Our results suggest that olive oil and tyrosol can be used as a protective agent in preventing Sodium As-induced nephrotoxicity due to antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehryar Zargari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mona Mohammadian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abbasali K. Malekshah
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Manijeh Mianabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir E. Mogaddam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh T. Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Zheng K, Zeng Z, Tian Q, Huang J, Zhong Q, Huo X. Epidemiological evidence for the effect of environmental heavy metal exposure on the immune system in children. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161691. [PMID: 36669659 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals exist widely in daily life, and exposure to heavy metals caused by environmental pollution has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Due to children's age-specific behavioral characteristics and imperfect physical function, the adverse health effects of heavy metals on children are much higher than in adults. Studies have found that heavy metal exposure is associated with low immune function in children. Although there are reviews describing the evidence for the adverse effects of heavy metal exposure on the immune system in children, the summary of evidence from epidemiological studies involving the level of immune molecules is not comprehensive. Therefore, this review summarizes the current epidemiological study on the effect of heavy metal exposure on childhood immune function from multiple perspectives, emphasizing its risks to the health of children's immune systems. It focuses on the effects of six heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn)) on children's innate immune cells, lymphocytes and their subpopulations, cytokines, total and specific immunoglobulins, and explores the immunotoxicological effects of heavy metals. The review finds that exposure to heavy metals, particularly Pb, Cd, As, and Hg, not only reduced lymphocyte numbers and suppressed adaptive immune responses in children, but also altered the innate immune response to impair the body's ability to fight pathogens. Epidemiological evidence suggests that heavy metal exposure alters cytokine levels and is associated with the development of inflammatory responses in children. Pb, As, and Hg exposure was associated with vaccination failure and decreased antibody titers, and increased risk of immune-related diseases in children by altering specific immunoglobulin levels. Cd, Ni and Mn showed activation effects on the immune response to childhood vaccination. Exposure age, sex, nutritional status, and co-exposure may influence the effects of heavy metals on immune function in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyang Zheng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianwen Tian
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jintao Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, School of Environment, Jinan University, 855 East Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, China.
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Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic on T Cell Development in Children. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Liu J, Hermon T, Gao X, Dixon D, Xiao H. Arsenic and Diabetes Mellitus: A Putative Role for the Immune System. ALL LIFE 2023; 16:2167869. [PMID: 37152101 PMCID: PMC10162781 DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2167869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an enormous public health issue worldwide. Recent data suggest that chronic arsenic exposure is linked to the risk of developing type 1 and type 2 DM, albeit the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This review discusses the role of the immune system as a link to possibly explain some of the mechanisms of developing T1DM or T2DM associated with arsenic exposure in humans, animal models, and in vitro studies. The rationale for the hypothesis includes: (1) Arsenic is a well-recognized modulator of the immune system; (2) arsenic exposures are associated with increased risk of DM; and (3) dysregulation of the immune system is one of the hallmarks in the pathogenesis of both T1DM and T2DM. A better understanding of DM in association with immune dysregulation and arsenic exposures may help to understand how environmental exposures modulate the immune system and how these effects may impact the manifestation of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Liu
- Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, DHHS, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Tonia Hermon
- Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, DHHS, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Xiaohua Gao
- Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, DHHS, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Darlene Dixon
- Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH, DHHS, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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Avolio LN, Smith TJS, Navas‐Acien A, Kruczynski K, Pisanic N, Randad PR, Detrick B, Fry RC, van Geen A, Goessler W, Karron RA, Klein SL, Ogburn EL, Wills‐Karp M, Alland K, Ayesha K, Dyer B, Islam MT, Oguntade HA, Rahman MH, Ali H, Haque R, Shaikh S, Schulze KJ, Muraduzzaman AKM, Alamgir ASM, Flora MS, West KP, Labrique AB, Heaney CD. The Pregnancy, Arsenic, and Immune Response (PAIR) Study in rural northern Bangladesh. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2023; 37:165-178. [PMID: 36756808 PMCID: PMC10096093 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic exposure and micronutrient deficiencies may alter immune reactivity to influenza vaccination in pregnant women, transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies to the foetus, and maternal and infant acute morbidity. OBJECTIVES The Pregnancy, Arsenic, and Immune Response (PAIR) Study was designed to assess whether arsenic exposure and micronutrient deficiencies alter maternal and newborn immunity and acute morbidity following maternal seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy. POPULATION The PAIR Study recruited pregnant women across a large rural study area in Gaibandha District, northern Bangladesh, 2018-2019. DESIGN Prospective, longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort. METHODS We conducted home visits to enrol pregnant women in the late first or early second trimester (11-17 weeks of gestational age). Women received a quadrivalent seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine at enrolment. Follow-up included up to 13 visits between enrolment and 3 months postpartum. Arsenic was measured in drinking water and maternal urine. Micronutrient deficiencies were assessed using plasma biomarkers. Vaccine-specific antibody titres were measured in maternal and infant serum. Weekly telephone surveillance ascertained acute morbidity symptoms in women and infants. PRELIMINARY RESULTS We enrolled 784 pregnant women between October 2018 and March 2019. Of 784 women who enrolled, 736 (93.9%) delivered live births and 551 (70.3%) completed follow-up visits to 3 months postpartum. Arsenic was detected (≥0.02 μg/L) in 99.7% of water specimens collected from participants at enrolment. The medians (interquartile ranges) of water and urinary arsenic at enrolment were 5.1 (0.5, 25.1) μg/L and 33.1 (19.6, 56.5) μg/L, respectively. Water and urinary arsenic were strongly correlated (Spearman's ⍴ = 0.72) among women with water arsenic ≥ median but weakly correlated (⍴ = 0.17) among women with water arsenic < median. CONCLUSIONS The PAIR Study is well positioned to examine the effects of low-moderate arsenic exposure and micronutrient deficiencies on immune outcomes in women and infants. REGISTRATION NCT03930017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay N. Avolio
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Tyler J. S. Smith
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ana Navas‐Acien
- Department of Environmental Health SciencesColumbia University Mailman School of Public HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kate Kruczynski
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nora Pisanic
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Pranay R. Randad
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Barbara Detrick
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public HealthChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry – Analytical ChemistryUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Ruth A. Karron
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sabra L. Klein
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Elizabeth L. Ogburn
- Department of BiostatisticsJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Marsha Wills‐Karp
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kelsey Alland
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kaniz Ayesha
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Brian Dyer
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Md. Tanvir Islam
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Habibat A. Oguntade
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community HealthUniversity of Minnesota School of Public HealthMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Md. Hafizur Rahman
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Hasmot Ali
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Rezwanul Haque
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Saijuddin Shaikh
- JiVitA Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Research ProjectGaibandhaBangladesh
| | - Kerry J. Schulze
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - A. S. M. Alamgir
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and ResearchDhakaBangladesh
| | - Meerjady S. Flora
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and ResearchDhakaBangladesh
| | - Keith P. West
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Alain B. Labrique
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher D. Heaney
- Department of Environmental Health and EngineeringJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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12
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García Salcedo JJ, Roh T, Nava Rivera LE, Betancourt Martínez ND, Carranza Rosales P, San Miguel Salazar MF, Rivera Guillén MA, Serrano Gallardo LB, Niño Castañeda MS, Guzmán Delgado NE, Millán Orozco J, Ortega Morales N, Morán Martínez J. Comparative Biomonitoring of Arsenic Exposure in Mothers and Their Neonates in Comarca Lagunera, Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16232. [PMID: 36498305 PMCID: PMC9739351 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple comorbidities related to arsenic exposure through drinking water continue to be public problems worldwide, principally in chronically exposed populations, such as those in the Comarca Lagunera (CL), Mexico. In addition, this relationship could be exacerbated by an early life exposure through the placenta and later through breast milk. This study conducted a comparative analysis of arsenic levels in multiple biological samples from pregnant women and their neonates in the CL and the comparison region, Saltillo. Total arsenic levels in placenta, breast milk, blood, and urine were measured in pregnant women and their neonates from rural areas of seven municipalities of the CL using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with hydride generation methodology. The average concentrations of tAs in drinking water were 47.7 µg/L and 0.05 µg/L in the exposed and non-exposed areas, respectively. Mean levels of tAs were 7.80 µg/kg, 77.04 µg/g-Cr, and 4.30 µg/L in placenta, blood, urine, and breast milk, respectively, in mothers, and 107.92 µg/g-Cr in neonates in the exposed group, which were significantly higher than those in the non-exposed area. High levels of urinary arsenic in neonates were maintained 4 days after birth, demonstrating an early arsenic exposure route through the placenta and breast milk. In addition, our study suggested that breastfeeding may reduce arsenic exposure in infants in arsenic-contaminated areas. Further studies are necessary to follow up on comorbidities later in life in neonates and to provide interventions in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier García Salcedo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Taehyun Roh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lydia Enith Nava Rivera
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Ultraestructura, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Nadia Denys Betancourt Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Ultraestructura, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Pilar Carranza Rosales
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64000, Mexico
| | - María Francisco San Miguel Salazar
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto Rivera Guillén
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Luis Benjamín Serrano Gallardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - María Soñadora Niño Castañeda
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Ultraestructura, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
| | - Nacny Elena Guzmán Delgado
- División de Investigaciones en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología #34, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64000, Mexico
| | - Jair Millán Orozco
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Raúl López Sánchez, Torreon 27000, Mexico
| | - Natalia Ortega Morales
- División de Investigaciones en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Cardiología #34, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64000, Mexico
| | - Javier Morán Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Ultraestructura, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Torreón, Torreón 27000, Mexico
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13
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Amin MB, Talukdar PK, Asaduzzaman M, Roy S, Flatgard BM, Islam MR, Saha SR, Sharker Y, Mahmud ZH, Navab-Daneshmand T, Kile ML, Levy K, Julian TR, Islam MA. Effects of chronic exposure to arsenic on the fecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli among people in rural Bangladesh. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010952. [PMID: 36480516 PMCID: PMC9731454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a leading cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. Heavy metals such as arsenic have been shown to drive co-selection of antibiotic resistance, suggesting arsenic-contaminated drinking water is a risk factor for antibiotic resistance carriage. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (AR-Ec) among people and drinking water in high (Hajiganj, >100 μg/L) and low arsenic-contaminated (Matlab, <20 μg/L) areas in Bangladesh. Drinking water and stool from mothers and their children (<1 year) were collected from 50 households per area. AR-Ec was detected via selective culture plating and isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance, arsenic resistance, and diarrheagenic genes by PCR. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis was done for 30 E. coli isolates from 10 households. Prevalence of AR-Ec was significantly higher in water in Hajiganj (48%) compared to water in Matlab (22%, p <0.05) and among children in Hajiganj (94%) compared to children in Matlab (76%, p <0.05), but not among mothers. A significantly higher proportion of E. coli isolates from Hajiganj were multidrug-resistant (83%) compared to isolates from Matlab (71%, p <0.05). Co-resistance to arsenic and multiple antibiotics (MAR index >0.2) was observed in a higher proportion of water (78%) and child stool (100%) isolates in Hajiganj than in water (57%) and children (89%) in Matlab (p <0.05). The odds of arsenic-resistant bacteria being resistant to third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics were higher compared to arsenic-sensitive bacteria (odds ratios, OR 1.2-7.0, p <0.01). WGS-based phylogenetic analysis of E. coli isolates did not reveal any clustering based on arsenic exposure and no significant difference in resistome was found among the isolates between the two areas. The positive association detected between arsenic exposure and antibiotic resistance carriage among children in arsenic-affected areas in Bangladesh is an important public health concern that warrants redoubling efforts to reduce arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Badrul Amin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Prabhat Kumar Talukdar
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Asaduzzaman
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Subarna Roy
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Brandon M. Flatgard
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Md. Rayhanul Islam
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sumita Rani Saha
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yushuf Sharker
- Center for Data Research and Analytics LLC, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zahid Hayat Mahmud
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tala Navab-Daneshmand
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Molly L. Kile
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Karen Levy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Washington, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Julian
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Aminul Islam
- Laboratory of Food Safety and One Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
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14
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Ventre S, Desai G, Roberson R, Kordas K. Toxic metal exposures from infant diets: Risk prevention strategies for caregivers and health care professionals. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2022; 52:101276. [PMID: 36266220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Concerns are growing regarding the presence of toxic elements such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in the ingredients and prepared foods for infants and young children. There are few clear, evidence-based, guidelines on the maximum tolerable limits of toxicants in foods and little understanding of toxicant exposure or adverse health effects attributable to dietary exposure. Caregivers are faced with the burden of making decisions about which foods to select, how often to feed them to their children, and what foods to limit. This article reviews the current literature and existing recommendations on dietary exposure to toxic elements in children under 2 years of age, and their health effects in early childhood-focusing on growth, neurodevelopment, and immune function. The article also outlines best practices for healthcare providers to address the concerns of toxic element exposure through the diet in young children. Several foods consistently appear in the literature as potential sources of toxic element exposure. Contaminated drinking and cooking water, including water used to prepare infant formula, could also be a major exposure source. In the absence of stronger evidence on effects of dietary modification, exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age, followed by a diverse diet are some strategies to reduce dietary toxic element exposure while ensuring an adequate and balanced nutrient intake. Healthcare providers can support families by sharing information and encouraging blood Pb testing, the only element for which such testing is currently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ventre
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, USA; New York State Children's Environmental Health Center, USA.
| | - Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
| | | | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
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15
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Díaz-Coto S, Martinez-Camblor P, Carey M, Soler-Blasco R, García-Villarino M, Fernández-Somoano A, Julvez J, Carrasco P, Lertxundi A, Santa Marina L, Casas M, Meharg AA, Karagas MR, Vioque-Lopez J. Arsenic exposure and respiratory outcomes during childhood in the INMA study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274215. [PMID: 36083997 PMCID: PMC9462567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingested inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a human carcinogen that is also linked to other adverse health effects, such as respiratory outcomes. Yet, among populations consuming low-arsenic drinking water, the impact of iAs exposure on childhood respiratory health is still uncertain. For a Spanish child study cohort (INfancia y Medio Ambiente—INMA), low-arsenic drinking water is usually available and ingestion of iAs from food is considered the major source of exposure. Here, we explored the association between iAs exposure and children’s respiratory outcomes assessed at 4 and 7 years of age (n = 400). The summation of 4-year-old children’s urinary iAs, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) was used as a biomarker of iAs exposure (∑As) (median of 4.92 μg/L). Children’s occurrence of asthma, eczema, sneeze, wheeze, and medication for asthma and wheeze at each assessment time point (i.e., 4- and 7-year) was assessed with maternal interviewer-led questionnaires. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) were performed to account for the association between natural logarithm transformed (ln) urinary ∑As in μg/L at 4 years and repeated assessments of respiratory symptoms at 4 and 7 years of age. The covariates included in the models were child sex, maternal smoking status, maternal level of education, sub-cohort, and children’s consumption of vegetables, fruits, and fish/seafood. The GEE—splines function using Poisson regression showed an increased trend of the overall expected counts of respiratory symptoms with high urinary ∑As. The adjusted expected counts (95% confidence intervals) at ln-transformed urinary ∑As 1.57 (average concentration) and 4.00 (99th percentile concentration) were 0.63 (0.36, 1.10) and 1.33 (0.61, 2.89), respectively. These exploratory findings suggest that even relatively low-iAs exposure levels, relevant to the Spanish and other populations, may relate to an increased number of respiratory symptoms during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Susana Díaz-Coto
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Pablo Martinez-Camblor
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Carrasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jesús Vioque-Lopez
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
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De Loma J, Vicente M, Tirado N, Ascui F, Vahter M, Gardon J, Schlebusch CM, Broberg K. Human adaptation to arsenic in Bolivians living in the Andes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134764. [PMID: 35490756 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Humans living in the Andes Mountains have been historically exposed to arsenic from natural sources, including drinking water. Enzymatic methylation of arsenic allows it to be excreted more efficiently by the human body. Adaptation to high-arsenic environments via enhanced methylation and excretion of arsenic was first reported in indigenous women in the Argentinean Andes, but whether adaptation to arsenic is a general phenomenon across native populations from the Andes Mountains remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated whether adaptation to arsenic has occurred in the Bolivian Andes by studying indigenous groups who belong to the Aymara-Quechua and Uru ethnicities and have lived in the Bolivian Andes for generations. Our population genetics methods, including genome-wide selection scans based on linkage disequilibrium patterns and allele frequency differences, in combination with targeted and whole-genome sequencing and genotype-phenotype association analyses, detected signatures of positive selection near the gene encoding arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT), the main arsenic methylating enzyme. This was among the strongest selection signals (top 0.5% signals via locus-specific branch length and extended haplotype homozygosity tests) at a genome-wide level in the Bolivian study groups. We found a large haplotype block of 676 kb in the AS3MT region and identified candidate functional variants for further analysis. Moreover, our analyses revealed associations between AS3MT variants and the fraction of mono-methylated arsenic in urine and showed that the Bolivian study groups had the highest frequency of alleles associated with more efficient arsenic metabolism reported so far. Our data support the idea that arsenic exposure has been a driver for human adaptation to tolerate arsenic through more efficient arsenic detoxification in different Andean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica De Loma
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mário Vicente
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Noemi Tirado
- Genetics Institute, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Franz Ascui
- Programa de Salud Familiar Comunitaria e Intercultural, Ministerio de Salud Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacques Gardon
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - Carina M Schlebusch
- Human Evolution, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Palaeo-Research Institute, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa; SciLifeLab Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Gandhi D, Bhandari S, Mishra S, Tiwari RR, Rajasekaran S. Non-malignant respiratory illness associated with exposure to arsenic compounds in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103922. [PMID: 35779705 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid, primarily originates from both natural and anthropogenic activities. Reports suggested that millions of people globally exposed to high levels of naturally occurring As compounds via inhalation and ingestion. There is evidence that As is a well-known lung carcinogen. However, there has been relatively little evidence suggesting its non-malignant lung effects. This review comprehensively summarises current experimental and clinical studies implicating the association of As exposure and the development of several non-malignant lung diseases. Experimental studies provided evidence that As exposure induces redox imbalance, apoptosis, inflammatory response, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and affected normal lung development through alteration of the components of intracellular signaling cascades. In addition, we also discuss the sources and possible mechanisms of As influx and efflux in the lung. Finally, current experimental studies on treatment strategies using phytochemicals and our perspective on future research with As are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Gandhi
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental, Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sneha Bhandari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental, Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sehal Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental, Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnarayan R Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental, Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Subbiah Rajasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental, Health, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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18
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Bruce RM, Crandall PG, Atungulu GG, O'Bryan CA. Uncooked Rice Consumption: Causes, Implications, Regulation, and Interventions. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Bruce
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72704
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19
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Epigenetics at the Intersection of COVID-19 Risk and Environmental Chemical Exposures. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:477-489. [PMID: 35648356 PMCID: PMC9157479 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Several environmental contaminants have been implicated as contributors to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Immunomodulation and epigenetic regulation have been hypothesized as mediators of this relationship, but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms are not well-characterized. This review examines the evidence for epigenetic modification at the intersection of COVID-19 and environmental chemical exposures. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous environmental contaminants including air pollutants, toxic metal(loid)s, per- and polyfluorinated substances, and endocrine disrupting chemicals are hypothesized to increase susceptibility to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the risk of severe COVID-19, but few studies currently exist. Drawing on evidence that many environmental chemicals alter the epigenetic regulation of key immunity genes and pathways, we discuss how exposures likely perturb host antiviral responses. Specific mechanisms vary by contaminant but include general immunomodulation as well as regulation of viral entry and recognition, inflammation, and immunologic memory pathways, among others. Associations between environmental contaminants and COVID-19 are likely mediated, in part, by epigenetic regulation of key immune pathways involved in the host response to SARS-CoV-2.
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20
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Moroishi Y, Signes-Pastor AJ, Li Z, Cottingham KL, Jackson BP, Punshon T, Madan J, Nadeau K, Gui J, Karagas MR. Infant infections, respiratory symptoms, and allergy in relation to timing of rice cereal introduction in a United States cohort. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4450. [PMID: 35292690 PMCID: PMC8924265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice products marketed in the USA, including baby rice cereal, contain inorganic arsenic, a putative immunotoxin. We sought to determine whether the timing of introduction of rice cereal in the first year of life influences occurrence of infections, respiratory symptoms, and allergy. Among 572 infants from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, we used generalized estimating equation, adjusted for maternal smoking during pregnancy, marital status, education attainment, pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal age at enrollment, infant birth weight, and breastfeeding history. Among 572 infants, each month earlier of introduction to rice cereal was associated with increased risks of subsequent upper respiratory tract infections (relative risk, RR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09); lower respiratory tract infections (RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02-1.39); acute respiratory symptoms including wheeze, difficulty breathing, and cough (RR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.00-1.22); fever requiring a prescription medicine (RR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02-1.45) and allergy diagnosed by a physician (RR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.06-1.36). No clear associations were observed with gastrointestinal symptoms. Our findings suggest that introduction of rice cereal earlier may influence infants' susceptibility to respiratory infections and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Moroishi
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Juliette Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
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21
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Mapping the Morbidity Risk Associated with Coal Mining in Queensland, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031206. [PMID: 35162230 PMCID: PMC8834562 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The populations in the vicinity of surface coal mining activities have a higher risk of morbidity due to diseases, such as cardiovascular, respiratory and hypertensive diseases, as well as cancer and diabetes mellitus. Despite the large and historical volume of coal production in Queensland, the main Australian coal mining state, there is little research on the association of coal mining exposures with morbidity in non-occupational populations in this region. This study explored the association of coal production (Gross Raw Output—GRO) with hospitalisations due to six disease groups in Queensland using a Bayesian spatial hierarchical analysis and considering the spatial distribution of the Local Government Areas (LGAs). There is a positive association of GRO with hospitalisations due to circulatory diseases (1.022, 99% CI: 1.002–1.043) and respiratory diseases (1.031, 95% CI: 1.001–1.062) for the whole of Queensland. A higher risk of circulatory, respiratory and chronic lower respiratory diseases is found in LGAs in northwest and central Queensland; and a higher risk of hypertensive diseases, diabetes mellitus and lung cancer is found in LGAs in north, west, and north and southeast Queensland, respectively. These findings can be used to support public health strategies to protect communities at risk. Further research is needed to identify the causal links between coal mining and morbidity in non-occupational populations in Queensland.
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22
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Rahaman MS, Rahman MM, Mise N, Sikder MT, Ichihara G, Uddin MK, Kurasaki M, Ichihara S. Environmental arsenic exposure and its contribution to human diseases, toxicity mechanism and management. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117940. [PMID: 34426183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-recognized environmental contaminant that occurs naturally through geogenic processes in the aquifer. More than 200 million people around the world are potentially exposed to the elevated level of arsenic mostly from Asia and Latin America. Many adverse health effects including skin diseases (i.e., arsenicosis, hyperkeratosis, pigmentation changes), carcinogenesis, and neurological diseases have been reported due to arsenic exposure. In addition, arsenic has recently been shown to contribute to the onset of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced diabetes are pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death, impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance and reduced cellular glucose transport. Whereas, the most proposed mechanisms of arsenic-induced hypertension are oxidative stress, disruption of nitric oxide signaling, altered vascular response to neurotransmitters and impaired vascular muscle calcium (Ca2+) signaling, damage of renal, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). However, the contributions of arsenic exposure to non-communicable diseases are complex and multifaceted, and little information is available about the molecular mechanisms involved in arsenic-induced non-communicable diseases and also no suitable therapeutic target identified yet. Therefore, in the future, more basic research is necessary to identify the appropriate therapeutic target for the treatment and management of arsenic-induced non-communicable diseases. Several reports demonstrated that a daily balanced diet with proper nutrient supplements (vitamins, micronutrients, natural antioxidants) has shown effective to reduce the damages caused by arsenic exposure. Arsenic detoxication through natural compounds or nutraceuticals is considered a cost-effective treatment/management and researchers should focus on these alternative options. This review paper explores the scenarios of arsenic contamination in groundwater with an emphasis on public health concerns. It also demonstrated arsenic sources, biogeochemistry, toxicity mechanisms with therapeutic targets, arsenic exposure-related human diseases, and onsets of cardiovascular diseases as well as feasible management options for arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shiblur Rahaman
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan; Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Nathan Mise
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Md Khabir Uddin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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23
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Martinez-Camblor P, Baker E, Madan J, Guill MF, Karagas MR. Prenatal exposure to arsenic and lung function in children from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106673. [PMID: 34091160 PMCID: PMC8353991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal arsenic exposure is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer along with multiple non-carcinogenic outcomes, including respiratory diseases in arsenic-contaminated areas. Limited epidemiologic data exist on whether in utero arsenic exposure influences lung development and subsequent respiratory health. We investigated the association between gestational arsenic exposure and childhood lung function in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Urinary arsenic speciation including inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and arsenobetaine was measured in maternal urine samples collected during pregnancy and spirometry was performed in offspring at a median age of 7.4 years. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF25-75) standardized z-scores were assessed in linear models as dependent variables with the log2-transformed summation of urinary arsenic species (ΣAs = iAs + MMA + DMA) corrected for specific gravity as an independent variable and with adjustment for maternal smoking status, children's age, sex and height. Among the 358 children in the study, a doubling of ΣAs was associated with a -0.08 (ß) decrease in FVC z-scores (95% confidence interval (CI) from -0.14 to -0.01) and -0.10 (ß) (95% CI from -0.18 to -0.02) decrease in FEV1 z-scores. The inverse association appeared stronger among those mothers with lower secondary methylation index (urinary DMA/MMA), especially among girls. No association was observed for FEF25-75 z-scores. Our results suggest that gestation arsenic exposure at levels relevant to the general US population during the vulnerable period of lung formation may adversely affect lung function in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Pablo Martinez-Camblor
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Emily Baker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Juliette Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Margaret F Guill
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States.
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24
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Vega-Millán CB, Dévora-Figueroa AG, Burgess JL, Beamer PI, Furlong M, Lantz RC, Meza-Figueroa D, O Rourke MK, García-Rico L, Meza-Escalante ER, Balderas-Cortés JJ, Meza-Montenegro MM. Inflammation biomarkers associated with arsenic exposure by drinking water and respiratory outcomes in indigenous children from three Yaqui villages in southern Sonora, México. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34355-34366. [PMID: 33650048 PMCID: PMC7919633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental arsenic exposure in adults and children has been associated with a reduction in the expression of club cell secretory protein (CC16) and an increase in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), both biomarkers of lung inflammation and negative respiratory outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine if the levels of serum CC16 and MMP-9 and subsequent respiratory infections in children are associated with the ingestion of arsenic by drinking water. This cross-sectional study included 216 children from three Yaqui villages, Potam, Vicam, and Cocorit, with levels of arsenic in their ground water of 70.01 ± 21.85, 23.3 ± 9.99, and 11.8 ± 4.42 μg/L respectively. Total arsenic in water and urine samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry. Serum was analyzed for CC16 and MMP-9 using ELISA. The children had an average urinary arsenic of 79.39 μg/L and 46.8 % had levels above of the national concern value of 50 μg/L. Increased arsenic concentrations in drinking water and average daily arsenic intake by water were associated with decreased serum CC16 levels (β = - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.20, - 0.04 and β = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.18, - 0.03), and increased serum MMP-9 levels (β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.22, 0.48 and β = 0.29, 95% CI 0.18, 0.40) at significant levels (P < 0.05). However, no association was found between levels of these serum biomarkers and urinary arsenic concentrations. In these children, reduced serum CC16 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of respiratory infections (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13, 0.90). In conclusion, altered levels of serum CC16 and MMP-9 in the children may be due to the toxic effects of arsenic exposure through drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Vega-Millán
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Especialidad en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Ana G Dévora-Figueroa
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Especialidad en Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paloma I Beamer
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa Furlong
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R Clark Lantz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, División de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Encinas, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Mary Kay O Rourke
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Leticia García-Rico
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Astiazarán 46, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Edna R Meza-Escalante
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - José J Balderas-Cortés
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Maria M Meza-Montenegro
- Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México.
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25
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Chakraborty M, Bhaumik M. Prenatal arsenic exposure interferes in postnatal immunocompetence despite an absence of ongoing arsenic exposure. J Immunotoxicol 2021; 17:135-143. [PMID: 32538211 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2020.1767238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) readily crosses the placenta and exposure of the fetus may cause adverse consequences later in life, including immunomodulation. In the current study, the question was asked how the immune repertoire might respond in postnatal life when there is no further As exposure. Here, pregnant mice (Balb/c [H-2d]) were exposed to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) through their drinking water from time of conception until parturition. Their offspring, 4-week-old mice who had not been exposed again to As, were used for functional analyses of innate, humoral and cellular immunity. Compared to cells from non-As-exposed dam offspring, isolated peritoneal macro-phages (Mϕ) displayed no differences in T-cell stimulating ability. Levels of circulating IgG2a but not IgG1 were decreased in As-exposed dam offspring as compared to control offspring counterparts. Mixed-leukocyte reactions (MLR) indicated that CD4+ T-cells from the prenatal As-exposed mice were significantly less responsive to allogenic stimulation as evidenced by decreases in interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-2 production and in expression of CD44 and CD69 (but not CD25) activation markers. Interestingly, the Mϕ from the prenatal As-exposed mice were capable of stimulating normal allogenic T-cells, indicating that T-cells from these mice were refractory to allogenic signals. There was also a significant decrease in absolute numbers of splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells due to prenatal As exposure (as compared to control). Lastly, the impaired immune function of the prenatal As-exposed mice was correlated with a very strong susceptibility to Escherichia coli infection. Taken together, the data from this study clearly show that in utero As exposure may continue to perpetuate a dampening effect on the immune repertoire of offspring, even into the early stages of postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mainak Chakraborty
- Division of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Moumita Bhaumik
- Division of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
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26
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Zeng Q, Wei S, Sun B, Zhang A. Assessing the potential value and mechanism of Ginkgo biloba L. On coal-fired arsenic-induced skin damage: In vitro and human evidence. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2113-2122. [PMID: 34085585 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211021887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure through arsenic-contaminated air and food caused by the burning of coal is a major environmental public health concern in Guizhou Province of China. Previous studies have shown that immunological dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of arsenic; however, knowledge regarding effective prevention measures have not been fully examined. The effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on arsenic-induced skin damage of human immortalized keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) was first evaluated in this study. The results showed that 200 μg/mL EGb761 can reduce the expression of miR-155-5p, and the indicators reflecting arsenic-induced skin damage (Krt1, Krt6c and Krt10) in arsenic-exposed cells (P < 0.05), the expression levels of NF-AT1; the indicators reflecting arsenic-induced immunological dysfunction (IL-2, IFN-γ) in cells; and the levels of secreted IL-2 and IFN-γ in cell supernatants were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Further randomized controlled double-blind experiments showed that compared to the placebo control group, the expression level of miR-155-5p in the plasma of the Ginkgo biloba intervention group, the indicators in the serum reflecting arsenic-induced skin damage (Krt1, Krt6c, and Krt10) and the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) vimentin were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), but the levels of NF-AT1 and the indicators reflecting arsenic-induced immunological dysfunction (IL-2, IFN-γ) and EMT (E-cadherin) in serum were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Our study provides some limited evidence that Ginkgo biloba L. can increase the expression of NF-AT1 by downregulating the level of miR-155-5p, alleviating immunological dysfunction, and decreasing the expression of EMT biomarkers, thus indirectly improving arsenic-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Helath, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shaofeng Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Helath, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Helath, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education & School of Public Helath, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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27
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Herrera AS, Beeraka NM, Sinelnikov MY, Nikolenko VN, Giller DB, Solis LFT, Mikhaleva LM, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Beneficial Effects of QIAPI 1® against Pentavalent Arsenic-Induced Lung Toxicity a Hypothetical Model for SARS CoV2-Induced Lung Toxicity. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:307-315. [PMID: 33845734 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210412142230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants such as Arsenic (As) can result in As-induced alterations in immune regulators. Consequently, people who are more prone to viral infections like influenza A or B, H1N1, SARS CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus), and SARS CoV2 may develop susceptibility to immune responses in their lungs because our previous reports delineated the ability of QIAPI 1®, a melanin precursor, to dissociate water molecules with simultaneous therapeutic efficacy against central nervous system (CNS) diseases, retinopathy, and As-induced renal toxicity. Given the commonalities of lung pathology of SARS CoV and As-induced toxicity, the aim of this study is to decipher the efficacy of QIAPI 1® against pentavalent As-induced lung toxicity by examining the pulmonary pathology. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was used for ascertaining the lung pathology in Wistar rat models. Animals were divided into 3 groups: control group, group treated with pentavalent As, and a group treated with pentavalent As and QIAPI 1®. There were no significant changes in lung histopathology in the control group as indicated by intact morphology. As-treated group revealed damage to the histoarchitecture with pulmonary edema, interstitial fibrosis, diffuse alveolar damage, Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)-lesions, formation of hyaline membrane, multinucleated giant pneumocytes, atypical pneumocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and interstitial edema. The group treated with As and QIAPI 1® significantly associated with mitigated histological signs of lung inflammation induced by Arsenic. Therefore, QIAPI 1® can be recommended as antagonistic to As-induced lung toxicity. In conclusion, this model could be preferred as a hypothetical model to examine the efficacy of QIAPI 1® in SARS CoV2-induced pulmonary damage. Future studies are warranted to delineate the efficacy of QIAPI 1® against SARS CoV and SARS CoV2 lung pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore - 570 015, Karnataka. India
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991. Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991. Russian Federation
| | - Dimitry B Giller
- Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991. Russian Federation
| | | | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418. Russian Federation
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV. United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV. United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418. Russian Federation
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28
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Alao ME, Perin J, Brooks WA, Hossain L, Goswami D, Zaman K, Yunus M, Khan MA, Jahan Y, Ahmed D, Slavkovich V, Graziano J, Prosperi C, Higdon M, Deloria-Knoll M, O' Brien KL, George CM. Urinary arsenic is associated with wasting and underweight status in young children in rural Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110025. [PMID: 32791251 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in child growth are associated with poor cognitive outcomes and an increased risk for infection and mortality globally. One hundred forty million people are chronically exposed to arsenic from contaminated drinking water worldwide. While arsenic exposure has been associated with cognitive developmental delays in children, there is limited research on the association between arsenic exposure and growth deficits in young children. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to assess the association between chronic arsenic exposure and deficits in growth among children under 5 years in a rural setting in Bangladesh. METHODS Urinary arsenic measurements were collected from 465 children between the ages of 28 days-59 months in rural Matlab, Bangladesh, and analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption. Height and weight measurements were collected from children according to World Health Organization child growth standards. A z-score cutoff2 standard deviations below the mean was used to define stunting (height-for-age z-score), underweight (weight-for-age z-score), and wasting (weight-for-height z-score). RESULTS Children under 5 years with urinary arsenic concentrations in the third tertile (greater than 31 μg per liter (μg/L)) had a two times higher odds of being underweight after adjustment for age, creatinine, paternal education, breastfeeding, number of individuals using the same sleeping room, and physician-diagnosed pneumonia (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.29 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.16, 4.52)). Children under 2 years of age had a two times higher odds of being wasted after adjustment for age, creatinine, paternal education, breastfeeding, number of individuals using the same sleeping room, and physician-diagnosed pneumonia (OR: 2.85 (95% CI: 1.18, 6.89)). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that arsenic exposure is associated with an increased odds of being wasted and underweight among young children in rural Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Alao
- Department of International Health, Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jamie Perin
- Department of International Health, Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W Abdullah Brooks
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lokman Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Doli Goswami
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Khalequzzaman Zaman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Yunus
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Alfazal Khan
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yasmin Jahan
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dilruba Ahmed
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Vesna Slavkovich
- Department of Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Prosperi
- Department of International Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Higdon
- Department of International Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Deloria-Knoll
- Department of International Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine L O' Brien
- Department of International Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christine Marie George
- Department of International Health, Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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29
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Sly PD, Trottier BA, Bulka CM, Cormier SA, Fobil J, Fry RC, Kim KW, Kleeberger S, Kumar P, Landrigan PJ, Lodrop Carlsen KC, Pascale A, Polack F, Ruchirawat M, Zar HJ, Suk WA. The interplay between environmental exposures and COVID-19 risks in the health of children. Environ Health 2021; 20:34. [PMID: 33771185 PMCID: PMC7996114 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unusual feature of SARS-Cov-2 infection and the COVID-19 pandemic is that children are less severely affected than adults. This is especially paradoxical given the epidemiological links between poor air quality and increased COVID-19 severity in adults and that children are generally more vulnerable than adults to the adverse consequences of air pollution. OBJECTIVES To identify gaps in knowledge about the factors that protect children from severe SARS-Cov-2 infection even in the face of air pollution, and to develop a transdisciplinary research strategy to address these gaps. METHODS An international group of researchers interested in children's environmental health was invited to identify knowledge gaps and to develop research questions to close these gaps. DISCUSSION Key research questions identified include: what are the effects of SAR-Cov-2 infection during pregnancy on the developing fetus and child; what is the impact of age at infection and genetic susceptibility on disease severity; why do some children with COVID-19 infection develop toxic shock and Kawasaki-like symptoms; what are the impacts of toxic environmental exposures including poor air quality, chemical and metal exposures on innate immunity, especially in the respiratory epithelium; what is the possible role of a "dirty" environment in conveying protection - an example of the "hygiene hypothesis"; and what are the long term health effects of SARS-Cov-2 infection in early life. CONCLUSION A concerted research effort by a multidisciplinary team of scientists is needed to understand the links between environmental exposures, especially air pollution and COVID-19. We call for specific research funding to encourage basic and clinical research to understand if/why exposure to environmental factors is associated with more severe disease, why children appear to be protected, and how innate immune responses may be involved. Lessons learned about SARS-Cov-2 infection in our children will help us to understand and reduce disease severity in adults, the opposite of the usual scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Sly
- Children's Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brittany A Trottier
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 530 Davis Drive, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Catherine M Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Stephania A Cormier
- LSU Superfund Research Program, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA
| | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Steven Kleeberger
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, USA
| | | | - Philip J Landrigan
- Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, USA
| | - Karin C Lodrop Carlsen
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Oslo & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Antonio Pascale
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | - Heather J Zar
- Dept of Paediatrics & Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - William A Suk
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 530 Davis Drive, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
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Quinete N, Hauser-Davis RA. Drinking water pollutants may affect the immune system: concerns regarding COVID-19 health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1235-1246. [PMID: 33156499 PMCID: PMC7644792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The current coronavirus pandemic is leading to significant impacts on the planet, changing our way of life. Although the COVID-19 virus mechanisms of action and pathogenesis are still under extensive research, immune system effects are evident, leading, in many cases, to respiratory distress. Although apparent pollution reduction has been noticed by the population, environmental and human health impacts due to the increased use of plastic waste and disinfectants is concerning. One of the main routes of human exposure to pollutants is through drinking water. Thus, this point of view discusses some major contaminants in drinking water known to be immunotoxic, exploring sources and drinking water routes and emphasizing the known mechanisms of action that could likely compromise the effective immune response of humans, particularly raising concerns regarding people exposed to the COVID-19 virus. Based on a literature review, metals, plastic components, plasticizers, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances may display the potential to exacerbate COVID-19 respiratory symptoms, although epidemiological studies are still required to confirm the synergistic effects between these pollutants and the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Quinete
- Institute of Environment & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brazil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
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31
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Torbøl Pedersen J, De Loma J, Levi M, Palmgren M, Broberg K. Predicted AS3MT Proteins Methylate Arsenic and Support Two Major Phylogenetic AS3MT Groups. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:3041-3047. [PMID: 33156617 PMCID: PMC7759005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Inorganic
arsenic is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic substances
in the environment, but many organisms, including humans, methylate
inorganic arsenic to mono-, di-, and trimethylated arsenic metabolites,
which the organism can excrete. In humans and other eukaryotic organisms,
the arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) protein methylates arsenite.
AS3MT sequences from eukaryotic organisms group phylogenetically with
predicted eubacterial AS3MT sequences, which has led to the suggestion
that AS3MT was acquired from eubacteria by multiple events of horizontal
gene transfer. In this study, we evaluated whether 55 (out of which
47 were predicted based on protein sequence similarity) sequences
encoding putative AS3MT orthologues in 47 species from different kingdoms
can indeed methylate arsenic. Fifty-three of the proteins showed arsenic
methylating capacity. For example, the predicted AS3MT of the human
gut bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii methylated
arsenic efficiently. We performed a kinetic analysis of 14 AS3MT proteins
representing two phylogenetically distinct clades (Group 1 and 2)
that each contain both eubacterial and eukaryotic sequences. We found
that animal and bacterial AS3MTs in Group 1 rarely produce trimethylated
arsenic, whereas Hydra vulgaris and the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris in Group 2 produce trimethylated
arsenic metabolites. These findings suggest that animals during evolution
have acquired different arsenic methylating phenotypes from different
bacteria. Further, it shows that humans carry two bacterial systems
for arsenic methylation: one bacterium-derived AS3MT from Group 1
incorporated in the human genome and one from Group 2 in F.
prausnitzii present in the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Torbøl Pedersen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Jessica De Loma
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Michael Levi
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Karin Broberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-1871, Denmark.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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32
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Islam MM, Takeyama N. Inorganic arsenic administration suppresses human neutrophil function in vitro. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:725-734. [PMID: 33063558 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120966040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic, a major environmental toxicant and pollutant, is a global public health concern. Among its many adverse effects, arsenic is immunotoxic, but its effects on human neutrophil functions are not yet well-defined. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of acute low-dose NaAsO2 exposure on human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) for 12 h on the following innate defense mechanisms: formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phagocytosis. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was added to induce NETs formation, which was quantified by measuring cell-free extracellular DNA (cf-DNA), myeloperoxidase-conjugated (MPO)-DNA and neutrophil elastase-conjugated (NE)-DNA, and confirmed by immunofluorescence labeling and imaging. Extracellular bactericidal activity by NETs was evaluated by co-culturing Escherichia coli and PMNs in the presence of a phagocytic inhibitor. Levels of NETs in the culture medium after PMA stimulation was significantly lower in PMNs pre-exposed to arsenic than those not exposed to arsenic. Immunofluorescence staining and extracellular bactericidal activity by NETs revealed similar results. Phagocytosis and ROS production by PMNs were also significantly reduced by arsenic pre-exposure. Together, our findings provide new insights in arsenic immunotoxicity and suggest how it increases susceptibility to infectious diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Islam
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 12703Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoshi Takeyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 12703Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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33
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Nigra AE, Navas-Acien A. Arsenic in US correctional facility drinking water, 2006-2011. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109768. [PMID: 32585331 PMCID: PMC7483613 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the quality of drinking water in US correctional facilities (e.g. detention centers, prisons, jails, etc.). Our objective was to determine if incarcerated persons are at risk for chronic, elevated arsenic exposure relative to the non-incarcerated US population, particularly in the Southwestern US where public water and groundwater arsenic concentrations are high compared to the rest of the US. METHODS We analyzed 230,158 arsenic monitoring records from 37,086 community water systems (CWSs) from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Third Six Year Review of Contaminant Occurrence dataset (covering 2006-2011). We compared six-year average arsenic concentrations and the odds of exceeding the EPA's 10 μg/L maximum contaminant level (MCL) for CWSs exclusively serving correctional facilities versus all other CWSs in the Southwestern US, where groundwater arsenic concentrations are high. RESULTS Average six-year water arsenic concentrations were higher for Southwestern correctional facility CWSs (6.41 μg/L, 95% CI 3.48, 9.34) compared to all other Southwestern CWSs (3.11 μg/L, 95% CI 2.97, 3.24) and to other CWSs across the rest of the US (1.39 μg/L, 95% CI 1.35, 1.42). In the Southwest, 26.1% (N = 6) of correctional facility CWSs versus 5.8% (509) of other CWSs reported six-year arsenic averages exceeding 10 μg/L, corresponding to an odds ratio of 5.70 (95% confidence interval 2.24, 14.52). Correctional facility CWSs in the Southwest were also more likely to report six-year averages exceeding 5 μg/L (the MCL for New Jersey and New Hampshire, N = 8, odds ratio 2.77, 95% CI 1.17, 6.54). DISCUSSION Persons incarcerated in the Southwestern US were at disproportionate risk of elevated drinking water arsenic exposure and related disease from 2006 to 2011. Strict enforcement of EPA regulations and additional technical and financial support for CWSs serving correctional facilities in the Southwest is necessary to protect the health and human rights of incarcerated persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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34
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Garnier R, Mathieu-Huart A, Ronga-Pezeret S, Nouyrigat E, Benoit P, Goullé JP, Granon C, Manel J, Manouchehri N, Nisse P, Normand JC, Roulet A, Simon F, Gabach P, Tournoud C. Exposition de la population française à l’arsenic inorganique. Identification de valeurs toxicologiques de référence. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Islam T, Eunus M, Abu Horayara M, Islam MT, Rahman M, Ahmed A, Cremers S, Nandakumar R, Ahsan H, Olopade C, Graziano J, Parvez F. Arsenic exposure associated T cell proliferation, smoking, and vitamin D in Bangladeshi men and women. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234965. [PMID: 32574193 PMCID: PMC7310686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There are limited data examining the consequences of environmental exposure to arsenic on the immune system in adults, particularly among smokers. Smoking has been shown to exacerbate or contribute to impaired immune function in men chronically exposed to arsenic. In contrast, vitamin D (VitD) is known to have a positive influence on innate and adaptive immune responses. The effect of circulating VitD on arsenic-associated immune dysfunction is not known. Here we examine the relationship of arsenic exposure and T cell proliferation (TCP), a measure of immune responsiveness, and circulating VitD among adult men and women in Bangladesh. Arsenic exposure was assessed using total urinary arsenic as well as urinary arsenic metabolites all adjusted for urinary creatinine. TCP was measured ex vivo in cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 614 adult participants enrolled in the Bangladesh Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study; serum VitD was also evaluated. The influence of cigarette smoking on arsenic-induced TCP modulation was assessed only in males as there was an inadequate number of female smokers. These studies show that arsenic suppressed TCP in males. The association was significantly strong in male smokers and to a lesser extent in male non-smokers. Interestingly, we found a strong protective effect of high/sufficient serum VitD levels on TCP among non-smoking males. Furthermore, among male smokers with low serum VitD (⊔20 ng/ml), we found a strong suppression of TCP by arsenic. On the other hand, high VitD (>20 ng/ml) was found to attenuate effects of arsenic on TCP among male-smokers. Overall, we found a strong protective effect of VitD, when serum levels were >20 ng/ml, on arsenic-induced inhibition of TCP in men, irrespective of smoking status. To our knowledge this is the first large study of immune function in healthy adult males and females with a history of chronic arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W. Burchiel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Fredine T. Lauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. Abu Horayara
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mizanour Rahman
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Alauddin Ahmed
- University of Chicago and Columbia University Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Serge Cremers
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Christopher Olopade
- University of Chicago Medical Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
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Huq ME, Fahad S, Shao Z, Sarven MS, Khan IA, Alam M, Saeed M, Ullah H, Adnan M, Saud S, Cheng Q, Ali S, Wahid F, Zamin M, Raza MA, Saeed B, Riaz M, Khan WU. Arsenic in a groundwater environment in Bangladesh: Occurrence and mobilization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 262:110318. [PMID: 32250801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater with an excessive level of Arsenic (As) is a threat to human health. In Bangladesh, out of 64 districts, the groundwater of 50 and 59 districts contains As exceeding the Bangladesh (50 μg/L) and WHO (10 μg/L) standards for potable water. This review focuses on the occurrence, origin, plausible sources, and mobilization mechanisms of As in the groundwater of Bangladesh to better understand its environmental as well as public health consequences. High As concentrations mainly was mainly occur from the natural origin of the Himalayan orogenic tract. Consequently, sedimentary processes transport the As-loaded sediments from the orogenic tract to the marginal foreland of Bangladesh, and under the favorable biogeochemical circumstances, As is discharged from the sediment to the groundwater. Rock weathering, regular floods, volcanic movement, deposition of hydrochemical ore, and leaching of geological formations in the Himalayan range cause As occurrence in the groundwater of Bangladesh. Redox and desorption processes along with microbe-related reduction are the key geochemical processes for As enrichment. Under reducing conditions, both reductive dissolution of Fe-oxides and desorption of As are the root causes of As mobilization. A medium alkaline and reductive environment, resulting from biochemical reactions, is the major factor mobilizing As in groundwater. An elevated pH value along with decoupling of As and HCO3- plays a vital role in mobilizing As. The As mobilization process is related to the reductive solution of metal oxides as well as hydroxides that exists in sporadic sediments in Bangladesh. Other mechanisms, such as pyrite oxidation, redox cycling, and competitive ion exchange processes, are also postulated as probable mechanisms of As mobilization. The reductive dissolution of MnOOH adds dissolved As and redox-sensitive components such as SO42- and oxidized pyrite, which act as the major mechanisms to mobilize As. The reductive suspension of Mn(IV)-oxyhydroxides has also accelerated the As mobilization process in the groundwater of Bangladesh. Infiltration from the irrigation return flow and surface-wash water are also potential factors to remobilize As. Over-exploitation of groundwater and the competitive ion exchange process are also responsible for releasing As into the aquifers of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Enamul Huq
- State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street-1, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China; Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Zhenfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Most Sinthia Sarven
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street-1, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Imtiaz Ali Khan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtar Alam
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Ullah
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muahmmad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shah Saud
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Qimin Cheng
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Electronics Information and Communications, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Global Change Impact Studies Centre (GCISC), Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan; Environmental Monitoring and Science Division, Alberta Environment and Parks, Canada
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zamin
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mian Ahmad Raza
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Beena Saeed
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasif Ullah Khan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Zeng Q, Zhang A. Assessing potential mechanisms of arsenic-induced skin lesions and cancers: Human and in vitro evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113919. [PMID: 31995775 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic is a major public health challenge worldwide. In detailing the hallmark signs of chronic arsenic exposure, previous studies have shown that epigenetic and immune dysfunction are associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions; however, knowledge regarding interactions between the mechanisms listed above is limited. In this study, a total of 106 skin samples were collected over the past 20 years. Based on the presence or absence of high arsenic exposure, the participants were divided into arsenic exposure (72) and reference (34) groups. Additionally, the arsenic exposure group was further divided into the non-cancer group (31, including skin hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis) and the skin cancer group (41, including Bowen's disease, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) according to a skin histopathological examination. First, the associations among miR-155, NF-AT1 with immunological dysfunction and arsenic-induced skin lesions and carcinogenesis were confirmed using these skin samples. In the arsenic-exposed group, miR-155-5p, keratin 1(Krt1), keratin 10 (Krt10), and keratin 6c (Krt6c) were significantly increased in the skin (p < 0.05), while NF-AT1, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Clear correlations were observed among these factors (p < 0.05). In immortalized human keratinocytes, silencing and overexpression of NF-AT1 could alter the expression and secretion of immunological dysfunction indicators (IL-2 and IFN-γ) that are induced by arsenic exposure (p < 0.05); however, miR-155-5p levels did not change significantly (p > 0.05). The miR-155-5p mimic and inhibitor could regulate the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction caused by arsenic (p < 0.05). Our study provides some limited evidence that miR-155-5p regulates the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction that is involved in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of arsenic. The second major finding was that Krt1 and Krt10 are markers of hyperkeratosis caused by arsenic, and Krt6c is a potential biomarker that can reflect arsenic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Laue HE, Moroishi Y, Jackson BP, Palys TJ, Madan JC, Karagas MR. Nutrient-toxic element mixtures and the early postnatal gut microbiome in a United States longitudinal birth cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105613. [PMID: 32142916 PMCID: PMC7136131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infant microbiome contributes to health status across the lifespan, but environmental factors affecting microbial communities are poorly understood, particularly when toxic and essential elements interact. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the associations between a spectrum of other early-postnatal nutrient or toxic elemental exposures measured and the infant gut microbiome. METHODS Our analysis included 179 six-week-old infants from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Eleven elements were measured in infant toenail clippings. The gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA V4-V5 hypervariable region targeted sequencing. Multivariable zero-inflated logistic normal regression (MZILN) was used to model the association between element concentrations and taxon relative abundance. To explore interactive and nonlinear associations between the exposures and specific taxa we employed Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). Effect modification by delivery mode, feeding mode, peripartum antibiotic exposure, and infant sex was assessed with stratified models. RESULTS We found a negative association between arsenic and microbial diversity in the full population that was accentuated among infants exposed to peripartum antibiotics. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, selenium, tin, and zinc were each associated with differences in at least one taxon in the full study population, with most of the related taxa belonging to the Bacteroides and Lactobacillales. In stratified analyses, mercury, in addition to the other elements, was associated with specific taxa. Bifidobacterium, which associated negatively with zinc in MZILN and BKMR models, had a quadratic association with arsenic concentrations. These associations varied with the concentration of the other element. CONCLUSIONS Early postnatal toxic and nutrient elemental exposures are associated with differences in the infant microbiome. Further research is needed to clarify the whether these alterations are a biomarker of exposure or if they have implications for child and lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Laue
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Yuka Moroishi
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Thomas J Palys
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Juliette C Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
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A prospective cohort study of in utero and early childhood arsenic exposure and infectious disease in 4- to 5-year-old Bangladeshi children. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e086. [PMID: 32656486 PMCID: PMC7319226 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research found that infants who were exposed to high levels of arsenic in utero had an increased risk of infectious disease in the first year of life. This prospective study examined the association between arsenic exposures during gestation, and respiratory, diarrheal, and febrile morbidity in children 4–5 years of age.
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Khan MA, Hira-Smith M, Ahmed SI, Yunus M, Hasan SMT, Liaw J, Balmes J, Raqib R, Yuan Y, Kalman D, Roh T, Steinmaus C, Smith AH. Prospective cohort study of respiratory effects at ages 14 to 26 following early life exposure to arsenic in drinking water. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e089. [PMID: 32337474 PMCID: PMC7147401 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported chronic respiratory effects in children who were then 7-17 years of age in Matlab, Bangladesh. One group of children had been exposed to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water in utero and early childhood (average 436 µg/L), and the other group of children were never known to have been exposed to >10 µg/L. The exposed children, both males and females, had marked increases in chronic respiratory symptoms. METHODS The current study involves a further follow-up of these children now 14-26 years of age with 463 located and agreeing to participate. They were interviewed for respiratory symptoms and lung function was measured. Data were collected on smoking, body mass index (BMI), and number of rooms in the house as a measure of socioeconomic status. RESULTS Respiratory effects were still present in males but not females. In the high exposure group (>400 µg/L in early life) the odds ratio (OR) among male participants for dry cough in the last 12 months was 2.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21, 4.63, P = 0.006) and for asthma OR = 2.51 (95% CI = 1.19, 5.29, P = 0.008). Forced vital capacity (FVC) was reduced in males in the early life high-exposure group compared with those never exposed (-95ml, P = 0.04), but not in female participants. CONCLUSIONS By the age range 14-26, there was little remaining evidence of chronic respiratory effects in females but pronounced effects persisted in males. Mechanisms for the marked male female differences warrant further investigation along with further follow-up to see if respiratory effects continue in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alfazal Khan
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Meera Hira-Smith
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Syed Imran Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Yunus
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Tafsir Hasan
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jane Liaw
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - John Balmes
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yan Yuan
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - David Kalman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Taehyun Roh
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Craig Steinmaus
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Allan H. Smith
- Arsenic Health Effects Research Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
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Song L, Liu B, Wang L, Wu M, Zhang L, Liu Y, Bi J, Yang S, Zhang B, Xia W, Xu S, Chen R, Cao Z, Wang Y. Exposure to arsenic during pregnancy and newborn mitochondrial DNA copy number: A birth cohort study in Wuhan, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125335. [PMID: 31765894 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) is a widely distributed environmental chemical with potentially different toxicities. However, little is known about the impact of maternal As exposure on newborn mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), which may lie on the pathway linking As exposure to adverse health impacts. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore whether maternal As exposure was associated with newborn mtDNAcn. METHODS We conducted a birth cohort study of 762 mother-infant pairs in Wuhan, China, 2013-2015. Cord blood mtDNAcn was determined using qPCR. Maternal urinary As levels in each trimester were quantified by ICP-MS. Multiple informant models were used to examine the associations of repeated urinary As levels with cord blood mtDNAcn. RESULTS The median urinary As levels in the first, second, and third trimesters were 17.2 μg/L, 16.0 μg/L, and 17.0 μg/L, respectively. In the multivariate model, each doubling increase in the first-trimester urinary As level was associated with a 6.6% (95% CI: -12.4%, -0.5%) decrease in cord blood mtDNAcn. The highest versus lowest quintile of first-trimester urinary As level was associated with a 19.0% (95% CI: -32.9%, -2.2%) lower cord blood mtDNAcn. No significant associations of urinary As levels in the second and third trimesters with cord blood mtDNAcn were observed. The inverse relationship between first-trimester urinary As level and cord blood mtDNAcn was more pronounced among female infants. CONCLUSIONS First-trimester As exposure was related to decreased cord blood mtDNAcn. The potential health impacts of decreased mtDNAcn in early life need to be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Senbei Yang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Ahmad A, van der Wens P, Baken K, de Waal L, Bhattacharya P, Stuyfzand P. Arsenic reduction to <1 µg/L in Dutch drinking water. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105253. [PMID: 31810053 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic element which naturally occurs in drinking water. In spite of substantial evidence on the association between many illnesses and chronic consumption of As, there is still a considerable uncertainty about the health risks due to low As concentrations in drinking water. In the Netherlands, drinking water companies aim to supply water with As concentration of <1 μg/L - a water quality goal which is tenfold more stringent than the current WHO guideline. This paper provides (i) an account on the assessed lung cancer risk for the Dutch population due to pertinent low-level As in drinking water and cost-comparison between health care provision and As removal from water, (ii) an overview of As occurrence and mobility in drinking water sources and water treatment systems in the Netherlands and (iii) insights into As removal methods that have been employed or under investigation to achieve As reduction to <1 µg/L at Dutch water treatment plants. Lowering of the average As concentration to <1μg/L in the Netherlands is shown to result in an annual benefit of 7.2-14 M€. This study has a global significance for setting drinking water As limits and provision of safe drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Ahmad
- KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen, the Netherlands; Evides Water Company N.V. Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Kirsten Baken
- KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk de Waal
- KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pieter Stuyfzand
- KWR Water Cycle Research Institute, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands; Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Technical University Delft, the Netherlands
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Mitra A, Chatterjee S, Gupta DK. Environmental Arsenic Exposure and Human Health Risk. ADVANCES IN WATER SECURITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21258-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Bocca B, Ruggieri F, Pino A, Rovira J, Calamandrei G, Martínez MÁ, Domingo JL, Alimonti A, Schuhmacher M. Human biomonitoring to evaluate exposure to toxic and essential trace elements during pregnancy. Part A. concentrations in maternal blood, urine and cord blood. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108599. [PMID: 31374401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to toxic elements or deficiencies of essential elements during pregnancy may be associated to various birth complications or even diseases in early life. The aim of this paper was to assess the concentrations of selected toxic (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb) and essential trace elements (Co, Cu, Mn, Se and Zn) in blood and urine samples of delivering women at different periods of gestation and cord blood, as well as to evaluate the placental permeability for these elements. A total of 53 women participating in the HEALS-EXHES study were enrolled. In particular, 48 blood samples from 1st trimester of pregnancy, 40 blood samples at delivery, and 31 cord blood at delivery were collected. Moreover, mothers' urine were sampled at the 1st (53 samples), 2nd (53 samples) and 3rd trimester (49 samples) of pregnancy. Results showed that Hg and Mn levels in cord blood were about 2.0 times higher than in maternal blood, suggesting that these elements may be transferred from mother to fetus. The cord blood levels of As and Pb were lower (ca. the 65%) than those in maternal blood, showing that the placenta modulates the rate of transfer for these elements. Essential elements as Cu and Zn showed significantly lower levels in cord than in maternal blood suggesting that the transplacental transfer of these nutrients was very limited. In addition, correlation between paired maternal and cord blood samples for As, Hg and Pb was statistically significant indicating that the fetal body burden may reflect the maternal exposure. Cadmium, Co, Cr, Ni and Se levels did not show significant correlations between maternal and cord blood. Maternal urinary concentrations of trace elements, including As, Cr, Cu, Hg, Se and Zn decreased along pregnancy, which may cause variations in fetal exposure. The levels of toxic and essential elements in maternal blood and urine, as well as in cord blood, were for most elements at the lower end of the ranges found in the scientific literature not being of special concern for pregnant women and the unborn.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Pino
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Joaquim Rovira
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - María Ángeles Martínez
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
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Kirichuk AA, Skalny AA, Dodkhoyev JS, Skalnaya MG, Grabeklis AR, Ajsuvakova OP, Tinkov AA, Notova SV, Bjørklund G, Tinkova MN, Chizhov AY, Bobrovnitskiy IP, Bolotnikova EA, Chernigov VV, Skalny AV. The efficiency of Governmental and WFP UN Programs for improvement of nutritional status in Tajik schoolchildren as assessed by dietary intake and hair trace element content. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 55:196-203. [PMID: 31345358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to assess hair trace element and mineral content in children undergoing WFP UN and the governmental programs of school nutrition in Tajikistan. METHODS WFP program included provision or wheat flour fortified with micronutrients including Fe and Zn, and iodized salt, whereas within the governmental program hot meals were provided. A total of 202 children studying in schools that were not (Type 1, n = 100) or were involved in dietary intervention programs (Type 2, n = 102). Food and hair trace element content was assessed using ICP-MS. RESULTS Daily intake of Fe, I, Zn, B, Co, Mg, Si, and Sr in Type 2 schools was more than 2.5, 12, 4, 2.9, 2.6, 2, 3, and 2-fold higher than that in Type 1 schools. Correspondingly, anthropometric parameters in children from Type 2 schools exceeded the control values. Surprisingly, no significant difference in hair iodine levels was detected. Hair analysis demonstrated a significant increase in hair Ca, Mg, Na, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Se, V, Zn content. Certain toxic elements including Al, As, and Be were also characterized by an increase in Type 2 schools. At the same time, nutritional intervention was associated with a significant decrease in hair B, Hg, and Sn levels. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional intervention within WFP and the governmental program was effective in increasing essential trace element supply in Tajik schoolchildren. However, further studies including a detailed assessment of nutritional and health status with a special focus on iodine and thyroid functioning are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A Kirichuk
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; ANO "Center for Biotic Medicine", Russia
| | | | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; ANO "Center for Biotic Medicine", Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey R Grabeklis
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; ANO "Center for Biotic Medicine", Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Ovidius University, 900527, Constanta, Romania; Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Margarita N Tinkova
- ANO "Center for Biotic Medicine", Russia; Orenburg Central District Hospital, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Ya Chizhov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor P Bobrovnitskiy
- Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health, 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia; Trace Element Institute for UNESCO, 69100, Lyon, France.
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Shih YH, Argos M, Turyk ME. Urinary arsenic concentration, airway inflammation, and lung function in the U.S. adult population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:308-315. [PMID: 31146102 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is ubiquitous in the environment and has been linked to lung cancer and a number of non-malignant lung disease in both adults and children. However, most studies were conducted in populations with higher arsenic exposure levels in drinking water and relatively little epidemiologic research evaluated the impacts of low levels iAs exposure on non-malignant lung disease among populations that are not primarily exposed to arsenic through drinking water. OBJECTIVES We assessed the associations of arsenic exposure with airway inflammation and lung function among U.S. adults aged 20-79 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012 cycles. METHODS Two measures of arsenic exposure, urinary total arsenic and dimethylarsonic acid (DMA), were used. We calibrated these two exposure measures by regressing their concentrations by arsenobetaine and extracting the residuals to calculate estimated total arsenic and estimated DMA. Arsenic exposures were modeled as log-transformed continuous variables as well as quartile categories. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), an indicator of respiratory inflammation, was available for participants. For lung function, the best forced expiratory volume in the first one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow rate (FEF) 25-75%, their percent estimated values, ratios of FEV1 to FVC, and FEF 25-75% to FVC were used (i.e. FEV1/FVC and FEF/FVC). Weighted multivariable linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to evaluate the association of arsenic exposure with airway inflammation and lung function overall, and among males and females. RESULTS Significant associations between arsenic exposure and increased airway inflammation were found. A two-fold increase in urinary total arsenic and DMA was associated with 23.87% (95% CI: 2.66, 49.46) and 14.05% (95% CI: 1.77, 27.81) higher levels of FENO, respectively. In addition, participants in the highest quartile of urinary total arsenic had FENO levels 8.49% (95% CI: 1.13, 16.39) higher than those in the lowest quartile. These associations were similar between males and females. Limited evidence was found for the association with respect to lung function and potential modification effect of sex. CONCLUSIONS Arsenic exposure was related to increased risk of airway inflammation but there is limited evidence of an association in relation to lung function. Future research conducted in populations with relatively lower exposure levels that are not primarily exposed to arsenic through drinking water is needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Shih
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Lauer FT, Parvez F, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Santella RM, Islam T, Eunus M, Alam N, Hasan AKMR, Rahman M, Ahsan H, Graziano J, Burchiel SW. Changes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (HPBMC) populations and T-cell subsets associated with arsenic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures in a Bangladesh cohort. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220451. [PMID: 31365547 PMCID: PMC6668812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposures to environmental arsenic (As) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been shown to independently cause dysregulation of immune function. Little data exists on the associations between combined exposures to As and PAH with immunotoxicity in humans. In this work we examined associations between As and PAH exposures with lymphoid cell populations in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as well as alterations in differentiation and activation of B and T cells. Two hundred men, participating in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) in Bangladesh, were selected for the present study based on their exposure to As from drinking water and their cigarette smoking status. Blood and urine samples were collected from study participants. We utilized multiparameter flow cytometry in PBMC to identify immune cells (B, T, monocytes, NK) as well as the T-helper (Th) cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs) following ex vivo activation. We did not find evidence of interactions between As and PAH exposures. However, individual exposures (As or PAH) were associated with changes to immune cell populations, including Th cell subsets. Arsenic exposure was associated with an increase in the percentage of Th cells, and dose dependent changes in monocytes, NKT cells and a monocyte subset. Within the Th cell subset we found that Arsenic exposure was also associated with a significant increase in the percentage of circulating proinflammatory Th17 cells. PAH exposure was associated with changes in T cells, monocytes and T memory (Tmem) cells and with changes in Th, Th1, Th2 and Th17 subsets all of which were non-monotonic (dose dependent). Alterations of immune cell populations caused by environmental exposures to As and PAH may result in adverse health outcomes, such as changes in systemic inflammation, immune suppression, or autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredine T. Lauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Regina M. Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nur Alam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mizanour Rahman
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Scott W. Burchiel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sanchez TR, Powers M, Perzanowski M, George CM, Graziano JH, Navas-Acien A. A Meta-analysis of Arsenic Exposure and Lung Function: Is There Evidence of Restrictive or Obstructive Lung Disease? Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:244-254. [PMID: 29637476 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic via contaminated water. The goal of this study was to identify whether arsenic-associated lung function deficits resemble obstructive- or restrictive-like lung disease, in order to help illuminate a mechanistic pathway and identify at-risk populations. RECENT FINDINGS We recently published a qualitative systematic review outlining the body of research on arsenic and non-malignant respiratory outcomes. Evidence from several populations, at different life stages, and at different levels of exposure showed consistent associations of arsenic exposure with chronic lung disease mortality, respiratory symptoms, and lower lung function levels. The published review, however, only conducted a broad qualitative description of the published studies without considering specific spirometry patterns, without conducting a meta-analysis, and without evaluating the dose-response relationship. We searched PubMed and Embase for studies on environmental arsenic exposure and lung function. We performed a meta-analysis using inverse-variance-weighted random effects models to summarize adjusted effect estimates for arsenic and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Across nine studies, median water arsenic levels ranged from 23 to 860 μg/L. The pooled estimated mean difference (MD) comparing the highest category of arsenic exposure (ranging from > 11 to > 800 μg/L) versus the lowest (ranging from < 10 to < 100 μg/L) for each study for FEV1 was - 42 mL (95% confidence interval (CI) - 70, - 16) and for FVC was - 50 mL (95% CI - 63, - 37). Three studies reported effect estimates for FEV1/FVC, for which there was no evidence of an association; the pooled estimated MD was 0.01 (95% CI - 0.005, 0.024). This review supports that arsenic is associated with restrictive impairments based on inverse associations between arsenic and FEV1 and FVC, but not with FEV1/FVC. Future studies should confirm whether low-level arsenic exposure is a restrictive lung disease risk factor in order to identify at-risk populations in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany R Sanchez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Martha Powers
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christine M George
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Welch BM, Branscum A, Ahmed SM, Hystad P, Smit E, Afroz S, Megowan M, Golam M, Ibne Hasan MOS, Rahman ML, Quamruzzaman Q, Christiani DC, Kile ML. Arsenic exposure and serum antibody concentrations to diphtheria and tetanus toxoid in children at age 5: A prospective birth cohort in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:810-818. [PMID: 31051324 PMCID: PMC6513691 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic can impair immune function. Timing of exposure can influence potential immunotoxicity of arsenic exposure. We examined the association between drinking water arsenic concentrations (W-As) measured repeatedly during different exposure windows in early life and serum concentrations of IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (diphtheria and tetanus antibody). METHODS A prospective cohort of pregnant women was recruited in Bangladesh (2008-2011). Averaged W-As levels were calculated for: pregnancy (W-Aspregnancy): ≤16 weeks gestation and <1 month; toddlerhood (W-Astoddlerhood): 12 and 20-40 months; and early childhood (W-Aschildhood): 4-5 years. Serum was collected from 502 vaccinated children at age 5 and concentrations of diphtheria and tetanus toxoid IgG (i.e. antibody) were quantified. Antibody concentrations >0.1 IU/mL were considered clinically sufficient for protection. Associations were estimated using linear and logistic regression models. RESULTS Inverse associations were observed between W-Aspregnancy and serum diphtheria antibody levels, while null associations were observed between W-As and tetanus antibody. Children within the highest versus lowest tertile of W-Aspregnancy had 91% greater odds of having clinically insufficient concentrations of diphtheria antibody (Odds ratio:1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 3.56). Among females, a doubling in W-Aspregnancy was associated with 12.3% (95%CI: -20.1%, -4.5%) lower median concentrations of diphtheria antibody. Tetanus antibody was only associated with W-Aspregnancy among females (percent change in median: -9.5%, 95%CI: -17.6%, -1.3%). Among children who were stunted or underweight, a doubling in W-Aspregnancy was associated with decreased diphtheria antibody of 19.8% (95%CI: -32%, -7.5%) and 14.3% (95%CI: -26.7%, -2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among vaccinated children, W-As measured during pregnancy was associated with decreased diphtheria antibody levels, but not tetanus antibody. However, W-As measured during toddlerhood and early childhood were not associated with either antibody outcome. Children's sex and malnutrition status were important effect modifiers of W-As for both diphtheria and tetanus antibody levels, highlighting the importance of these factors and the timing of the exposure when evaluating the effect of arsenic on humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett M Welch
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, USA.
| | - Adam Branscum
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
| | - Sharia M Ahmed
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
| | - Perry Hystad
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
| | - Ellen Smit
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
| | - Sakila Afroz
- Dhaka Community Hospital Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Meghan Megowan
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David C Christiani
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University, USA
| | - Molly L Kile
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, USA
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50
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Potential facet for prenatal arsenic exposure paradigm: linking endocrine disruption and epigenetics. THE NUCLEUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-019-00274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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