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Koshta K, Chauhan A, Singh S, Srivastava V. Prenatal arsenic exposure alters EZH2-H3K27me3 occupancy at TNF-α promoter leading to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in a mouse model. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108929. [PMID: 39098089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is continuously rising and exposure to environmental toxicants such as arsenic could be contributing to this rapid surge. In this study, we have assessed the effects of prenatal arsenic exposure on insulin resistance and MetS parameters in a mouse model, and an underlying mechanism was identified. We found that prenatal arsenic exposure promotes insulin resistance and adipocyte dysfunction which leads to the early onset of MetS in male offspring. Primary adipocytes isolated from 20-week-old arsenic-exposed offspring showed hypertrophy, elevated basal lipolysis, and impaired insulin response along with enhanced expression of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). TNF-α levels were consistently high at gestational day 15.5 (GD15.5) as well as primary adipocytes of 6-week-old arsenic-exposed male offspring. Along with TNF-α, downstream p-JNK1/2 levels were also increased, which led to inhibitory phosphorylation of IRS1and reduced GLUT4 translocation upon insulin stimulation in adipocytes. Insulin response and downstream signaling were restored upon TNF-α inhibition, confirming its central role. The persistent overexpression of TNF-α in adipocytes of arsenic-exposed mice resulted from diminished EZH2 occupancy and reduced H3K27me3 (gene silencing histone marks) at the TNF-α promoter. This further led to chromatin relaxation, recruitment of c-Jun and CBP/p300, formation of an enhanceosome complex, and TNF-α expression. Our findings show how prenatal arsenic exposure can epigenetically modulate TNF-α expression to promote adipocyte dysfunction and insulin resistance which contributes to the early onset of MetS in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Koshta
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anchal Chauhan
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sukhveer Singh
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Drago G, Aloi N, Ruggieri S, Longo A, Contrino ML, Contarino FM, Cibella F, Colombo P, Longo V. Guardians under Siege: Exploring Pollution's Effects on Human Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7788. [PMID: 39063030 PMCID: PMC11277414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical pollution poses a significant threat to human health, with detrimental effects on various physiological systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, mental, and perinatal domains. While the impact of pollution on these systems has been extensively studied, the intricate relationship between chemical pollution and immunity remains a critical area of investigation. The focus of this study is to elucidate the relationship between chemical pollution and human immunity. To accomplish this task, this study presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies, shedding light on the ways in which chemical pollution can modulate human immunity. Our aim is to unveil the complex mechanisms by which environmental contaminants compromise the delicate balance of the body's defense systems going beyond the well-established associations with defense systems and delving into the less-explored link between chemical exposure and various immune disorders, adding urgency to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare Drago
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Noemi Aloi
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Silvia Ruggieri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Alessandra Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Maria Lia Contrino
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Siracusa, Corso Gelone 17, 96100 Siracusa, Italy; (M.L.C.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Fabio Massimo Contarino
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Siracusa, Corso Gelone 17, 96100 Siracusa, Italy; (M.L.C.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Fabio Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Valeria Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (N.A.); (S.R.); (A.L.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
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Zhao X, Chen K, Wang J, Qiu Y. Analysis of Prospective Genetic Indicators for Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic in Newborn Cord Blood of Using Machine Learning. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2466-2473. [PMID: 37740142 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Using a machine learning methods, we aim to find biological effect biomarkers of prenatal arsenic exposure in newborn cord blood. From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, two datasets (GSE48354 and GSE7967) pertaining to cord blood sequencing while exposed to arsenic were retrieved and merged for additional study. Using the "limma" package in the R, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were eliminated. Machine learning techniques of the LASSO regression algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm were used to find potential biological effect biomarkers for cord blood sequencing in pregnant women exposed to arsenic. To evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used. Furthermore, we investigated the proportion of invading immune cells in each sample using CIBERSORT, and we investigated the relationship between biomarkers and immune cells using the Spearman approach. Using LASSO regression and the SVM-RFE technique, 28 DEGs were discovered, and the main biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic were discovered to be DENND2D, OLIG1, RGS18, CXCL16, DDIT4, FOS, G0S2, GPR183, JMJD6, and SOCS3. According to an immune infiltration analysis and correlation analysis, key biomarkers were substantially associated with the invading immune cells. Ten genes are important biomarkers of cord blood exposed to arsenic connected with infiltrating immune cells, and infiltrating immune cells may play important roles in cord blood exposed to arsenic, according to the study's findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, CN 030001, China.
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Maity J, Pal P, Pal R, Mukhopadhyay PK. Co-administration of L-Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol Alleviates Arsenic-Induced Immunotoxicities in the Thymus and Spleen by Dwindling Oxidative Stress-Induced Inflammation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2199-2227. [PMID: 37704839 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we investigated whether L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and α-tocopherol (α-T) co-administration has the potential to alleviate arsenic-induced immunotoxicities in the thymus, spleen, and circulating leukocytes. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups before the treatment: group I (control); group II (sodium arsenite, 3 mg/kg/day/rat); group III (sodium arsenite + L-AA (200 mg/kg/day/rat) and α-T (400 mg/kg/day/rat)); group IV (L-AA and α-T). The result showed that sodium arsenite exposure (consecutive 30 days) caused weight reduction, structural alterations in the thymus and spleen, accompanied by a decrease in thymocyte and splenocyte count. Decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, increased malondialdehyde and protein-carbonyl content, reduced Nrf2 and Bcl2 expression, and increased p-ERK, NF-kβ, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 expression were also observed in the thymus and spleen of arsenic-exposed rats. Enhanced plasma ACTH and corticosterone, ROS-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes were also observed. L-AA and α-T co-administration has the potential to abrogate the deleterious impact of arsenic on the thymus, spleen, and circulating lymphocytes. Whole transcriptome analysis of leukocytes revealed that arsenic treatment augmented the expression of Itga4, Itgam, and MMP9 genes, which might help in transient migration of the leukocytes through the endothelial cell layer. Co-administration with L-AA and α-T maintained Itga4, Itgam, and MMP9 gene expression within leukocytes at a lower level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Maity
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Priyankar Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Ranjana Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
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Mitalo NS, Waiganjo NN, Mokua Mose J, Bosire DO, Oula JO, Orina Isaac A, Nyabuga Nyariki J. Coinfection with Schistosoma mansoni Enhances Disease Severity in Human African Trypanosomiasis. J Trop Med 2023; 2023:1063169. [PMID: 37954132 PMCID: PMC10637842 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1063169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and schistosomiasis are neglected parasitic diseases found in the African continent. This study was conducted to determine how primary infection with Schistosoma mansoni affects HAT disease progression with a secondary infection with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r) in a mouse model. Methods Female BALB-c mice (6-8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups of 12 mice each. The different groups were infected with Schistosoma mansoni (100 cercariae) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (5.0 × 104) separately or together. Twenty-one days after infection with T.b.r, mice were sacrificed and samples were collected for analysis. Results The primary infection with S. mansoni significantly enhanced successive infection by the T.b.r; consequently, promoting HAT disease severity and curtailing host survival time. T.b.r-induced impairment of the neurological integrity and breach of the blood-brain barrier were markedly pronounced on coinfection with S. mansoni. Coinfection with S. mansoni and T.b.r resulted in microcytic hypochromic anemia characterized by the suppression of RBCs, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red cell indices. Moreover, coinfection of the mice with the two parasites resulted in leukocytosis which was accompanied by the elevation of basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. More importantly, coinfection resulted in a significant elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, and uric acid, which are the markers of liver and kidney damage. Meanwhile, S. mansoni-driven dyslipidemia was significantly enhanced by the coinfection of mice with T.b.r. Moreover, coinfection with S. mansoni and T.b.r led to a strong immune response characterized by a significant increase in serum TNF-α and IFN-γ. T.b.r infection enhanced S. mansoni-induced depletion of cellular-reduced glutathione (GSH) in the brain and liver tissues, indicative of lethal oxidative damage. Similarly, coinfection resulted in a significant rise in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Conclusion Primary infection with S. mansoni exacerbates disease severity of secondary infection with T.b.r in a mouse model that is associated with harmful inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S. Mitalo
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Naomi N. Waiganjo
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - John Mokua Mose
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - David O. Bosire
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - James O. Oula
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Alfred Orina Isaac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - James Nyabuga Nyariki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
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6
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Domene A, Orozco H, Rodríguez-Viso P, Monedero V, Zúñiga M, Vélez D, Devesa V. Intestinal homeostasis disruption in mice chronically exposed to arsenite-contaminated drinking water. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110404. [PMID: 36791901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic [As(III) and As(V)] affects about 200 million people, and is linked to a greater incidence of certain types of cancer. Drinking water is the main route of exposure, so, in endemic areas, the intestinal mucosa is constantly exposed to the metalloid. However, studies on the intestinal toxicity of inorganic As are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a chronic exposure to As(III) on the intestinal mucosa and its associated microbiota. For this purpose, BALB/c mice were exposed during 6 months through drinking water to As(III) (15 and 30 mg/L). Treatment with As(III) increased reactive oxygen species (43-64%) and lipid peroxidation (8-51%). A pro-inflammatory response was also observed, evidenced by an increase in fecal lactoferrin (23-29%) and mucosal neutrophil infiltration. As(III) also induced an increase in the colonic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (24-201%) and the activation of some pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Reductions in the number of goblet cells and mucus production were also observed. Moreover, As(III) exposure resulted in changes in gut microbial alpha diversity but no differences in beta diversity. This suggested that the abundance of some taxa was significantly affected by As(III), although the composition of the population did not show significant alterations. Analysis of differential taxa agreed with this, 21 ASVs were affected in abundance or variability, especially ASVs from the family Muribaculaceae. Intestinal microbiota metabolism was also affected, as reductions in fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids were observed. The effects observed on different components of the intestinal barrier may be responsible of the increased permeability in As(III) treated mice, evidenced by an increase in fecal albumin (48-66%). Moreover, serum levels of Lipopolysaccharide binding proteins and TNF-α were increased in animals treated with 30 mg/L of As(III), suggesting a low-level systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Domene
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - H Orozco
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - P Rodríguez-Viso
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - V Monedero
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - M Zúñiga
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - D Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - V Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Spain.
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Eaves LA, Bulka CM, Rager JE, Gardner AJ, Galusha AL, Parsons PJ, O'Shea TM, Fry RC. Metal mixtures modeling identifies birth weight-associated gene networks in the placentas of children born extremely preterm. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137469. [PMID: 36493891 PMCID: PMC10476282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to toxic metals is linked to numerous adverse birth and later-in-life outcomes. These outcomes are tied to disrupted biological processes in fetal-derived tissues including the placenta and umbilical cord yet the precise pathways are understudied in these target tissues. We set out to examine the relationship between metal concentrations in umbilical cord and altered gene expression networks in placental tissue. These novel relationships were investigated in a subset of the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn (ELGAN) cohort (n = 226). Prenatal exposure to 11 metals/metalloids was measured using inductively coupled plasma tandem-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) in cord tissue, ensuring passage through the placental barrier. RNA-sequencing was used to quantify >37,000 mRNA transcripts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with respect to each metal. Weighted gene co-expression analysis identified gene networks modulated by metals. Two innovative mixtures modeling techniques, namely principal components analysis and quantile-based g-computation, were employed to identify genes/gene networks associated with multi-metal exposure. Individually, lead was associated with the strongest genomic response of 191 DEGs. Joint lead and cadmium exposure was related to 657 DEGs, including DNA Methyl Transferase 1 (DNMT1). These genes were enriched for the Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (EIF2) pathway. Four gene networks, each containing genes within a Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of Activated B Cells (NF-kB)-mediated network, were significantly increased in average expression level in relation to increases in all metal concentrations. All four of these metal mixture-associated gene networks were negatively correlated with important predictors of neonatal health including birth weight, placenta weight, and fetal growth. Bringing together novel methodologies from epidemiological mixtures analyses and toxicogenomics, applied to a unique cohort of extremely preterm children, the present study highlighted critical genes and pathways in the placenta dysregulated by prenatal metal mixtures. These represent potential mechanisms underlying the developmental origins of metal-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Catherine M Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amaree J Gardner
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Ameliorative effects of Danshensu from the functional food Salvia miltiorrhiza against arsenic trioxide-induced cardiac toxicity in vivo and in vitro: Involvement of inhibiting the AKT/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Migliore L, Coppedè F. Gene-environment interactions in Alzheimer disease: the emerging role of epigenetics. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:643-660. [PMID: 36180553 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the exception of a few monogenic forms, Alzheimer disease (AD) has a complex aetiology that is likely to involve multiple susceptibility genes and environmental factors. The role of environmental factors is difficult to determine and, until a few years ago, the molecular mechanisms underlying gene-environment (G × E) interactions in AD were largely unknown. Here, we review evidence that has emerged over the past two decades to explain how environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, alcohol, smoking and pollutants, might interact with the human genome. In particular, we discuss how various environmental AD risk factors can induce epigenetic modifications of key AD-related genes and pathways and consider how epigenetic mechanisms could contribute to the effects of oxidative stress on AD onset. Studies on early-life exposures are helping to uncover critical time windows of sensitivity to epigenetic influences from environmental factors, thereby laying the foundations for future primary preventative approaches. We conclude that epigenetic modifications need to be considered when assessing G × E interactions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bulka CM, Eaves LA, Gardner AJ, Parsons PJ, Galusha AL, Roell KR, Smeester L, O’Shea TM, Fry RC. Prenatal exposure to multiple metallic and metalloid trace elements and the risk of bacterial sepsis in extremely low gestational age newborns: A prospective cohort study. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:958389. [PMID: 36405975 PMCID: PMC9674331 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2022.958389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposures to metallic and metalloid trace elements have been linked to altered immune function in animal studies, but few epidemiologic studies have investigated immunological effects in humans. We evaluated the risk of bacterial sepsis (an extreme immune response to bacterial infection) in relation to prenatal metal/metalloid exposures, individually and jointly, within a US-based cohort of infants born extremely preterm. METHODS We analyzed data from 269 participants in the US-based ELGAN cohort, which enrolled infants delivered at <28 weeks' gestation (2002-2004). Concentrations of 8 trace elements-including 4 non-essential and 4 essential-were measured using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry in umbilical cord tissue, reflecting in utero fetal exposures. The infants were followed from birth to postnatal day 28 with bacterial blood culture results reported weekly to detect sepsis. Discrete-time hazard and quantile g-computation models were fit to estimate associations for individual trace elements and their mixtures with sepsis incidence. RESULTS Approximately 30% of the extremely preterm infants developed sepsis during the follow-up period (median follow-up: 2 weeks). After adjustment for potential confounders, no trace element was individually associated with sepsis risk. However, there was some evidence of a non-monotonic relationship for cadmium, with hazard ratios (HRs) for the second, third, and fourth (highest) quartiles being 1.13 (95% CI: 0.51-2.54), 1.94 (95% CI: 0.87-4.32), and 1.88 (95% CI: 0.90-3.93), respectively. The HRs for a quartile increase in concentrations of all 8 elements, all 4 non-essential elements, and all 4 essential elements were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.68-1.25), 1.19 (95% CI: 0.92-1.55), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.57-1.06). Cadmium had the greatest positive contribution whereas arsenic, copper, and selenium had the greatest negative contributions to the mixture associations. CONCLUSIONS We found some evidence that greater prenatal exposure to cadmium was associated with an increased the risk of bacterial sepsis in extremely preterm infants. However, this risk was counteracted by a combination of arsenic, copper, and selenium. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to evaluate the potential for nutritional interventions to prevent sepsis in high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Bulka
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lauren A. Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amaree J. Gardner
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Patrick J. Parsons
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Aubrey L. Galusha
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Kyle R. Roell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - T. Michael O’Shea
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Kunwittaya S, Ruksee N, Khamnong T, Jiawiwatkul A, Kleebpung N, Chumchua V, Plitponkarnpim A, Nopparat C, Permpoonputtana K. Inorganic arsenic contamination and the health of children living near an inactive mining site: northern Thailand. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:1007-1014. [PMID: 36110556 PMCID: PMC9441675 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-4922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity is a global health problem affecting millions of people. Contamination is caused by arsenic from natural geological sources leaching into aquifers, contaminating drinking water, and may also be caused by mining and other industrial processes. Acute arsenic poisoning is associated with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhea. Chronic arsenic toxicity results in multisystemic diseases leading to central nervous system (CNS) impairments such as cognitive or intellectual deficits in children. Over the past ten years, arsenic contamination has been reported in northern Thailand. The Ministry of Public Health; Thailand, Forensic Science Institute Thammasat University, and the Research Center to Promote Safety and Prevent Injuries in Children at the Ramathibodi Hospital compiled a report on the health impact of the population within a 10 kilometer radius around a mine tailing in the Phichit, Phitsanulok, and Phetchabun Provinces of Thailand. It showed that more than 30 % of children (aged 8-13 years) had higher than normal arsenic contamination levels based on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). After the publication of that report, the mine was temporarily closed in 2016. Based on this data, this research aimed to follow arsenic contamination after the mining operation had stopped operation for three years. The study showed that 4.5 % of school aged children had levels of inorganic arsenic in their urine, higher than the normal range (ATSDR), showing clearly that inorganic arsenic contamination is still above the normal range in children living near an inactive mining site. Therefore, monitoring heavy metal contamination in Thailand and the health effects on vulnerable children who live near mines during regular operation or after being temporarily suspended can prevent and mitigate possible health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarun Kunwittaya
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nootchanart Ruksee
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thirata Khamnong
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Athiwat Jiawiwatkul
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nonthasruang Kleebpung
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Vasunun Chumchua
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Adisak Plitponkarnpim
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand,Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutikorn Nopparat
- Innovative Learning Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Kannika Permpoonputtana
- National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Kannika Permpoonputtana, National Institute for Child and Family Development, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; Phone: (662) 441-0602, Fax: (662) 441-0167, E-mail:
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12
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Clark J, Bommarito P, Stýblo M, Rubio-Andrade M, García-Vargas GG, Gamble MV, Fry RC. Maternal serum concentrations of one-carbon metabolism factors modify the association between biomarkers of arsenic methylation efficiency and birth weight. Environ Health 2022; 21:68. [PMID: 35836250 PMCID: PMC9281096 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a ubiquitous metalloid and drinking water contaminant. Prenatal exposure is associated with birth outcomes across multiple studies. During metabolism, iAs is sequentially methylated to mono- and di-methylated arsenical species (MMAs and DMAs) to facilitate whole body clearance. Inefficient methylation (e.g., higher urinary % MMAs) is associated with increased risk of certain iAs-associated diseases. One-carbon metabolism factors influence iAs methylation, modifying toxicity in adults, and warrant further study during the prenatal period. The objective of this study was to evaluate folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine as modifiers of the relationship between biomarkers of iAs methylation efficiency and birth outcomes. METHODS Data from the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) pregnancy cohort (2011-2012) with maternal urine and cord serum arsenic biomarkers and maternal serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine concentrations were utilized. One-carbon metabolism factors were dichotomized using clinical cutoffs and median splits. Multivariable linear regression models were fit to evaluate associations between each biomarker and birth outcome overall and within levels of one-carbon metabolism factors. Likelihood ratio tests of full and reduced models were used to test the significance of statistical interactions on the additive scale (α = 0.10). RESULTS Among urinary biomarkers, % U-MMAs was most strongly associated with birth weight (β = - 23.09, 95% CI: - 44.54, - 1.64). Larger, more negative mean differences in birth weight were observed among infants born to women who were B12 deficient (β = - 28.69, 95% CI: - 53.97, - 3.42) or experiencing hyperhomocysteinemia (β = - 63.29, 95% CI: - 154.77, 28.19). Generally, mean differences in birth weight were attenuated among infants born to mothers with higher serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 (or lower serum concentrations of homocysteine). Effect modification by vitamin B12 and homocysteine was significant on the additive scale for some associations. Results for gestational age were less compelling, with an approximate one-week mean difference associated with C-tAs (β = 0.87, 95% CI: 0, 1.74), but not meaningful otherwise. CONCLUSIONS Tissue distributions of iAs and its metabolites (e.g., % MMAs) may vary according to serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine during pregnancy. This represents a potential mechanism through which maternal diet may modify the harms of prenatal exposure to iAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeliyah Clark
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paige Bommarito
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marisela Rubio-Andrade
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo G García-Vargas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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Roell K, Koval LE, Boyles R, Patlewicz G, Ring C, Rider CV, Ward-Caviness C, Reif DM, Jaspers I, Fry RC, Rager JE. Development of the InTelligence And Machine LEarning (TAME) Toolkit for Introductory Data Science, Chemical-Biological Analyses, Predictive Modeling, and Database Mining for Environmental Health Research. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:893924. [PMID: 35812168 PMCID: PMC9257219 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.893924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in environmental health is becoming increasingly reliant upon data science and computational methods that can more efficiently extract information from complex datasets. Data science and computational methods can be leveraged to better identify relationships between exposures to stressors in the environment and human disease outcomes, representing critical information needed to protect and improve global public health. Still, there remains a critical gap surrounding the training of researchers on these in silico methods. We aimed to address this gap by developing the inTelligence And Machine lEarning (TAME) Toolkit, promoting trainee-driven data generation, management, and analysis methods to “TAME” data in environmental health studies. Training modules were developed to provide applications-driven examples of data organization and analysis methods that can be used to address environmental health questions. Target audiences for these modules include students, post-baccalaureate and post-doctorate trainees, and professionals that are interested in expanding their skillset to include recent advances in data analysis methods relevant to environmental health, toxicology, exposure science, epidemiology, and bioinformatics/cheminformatics. Modules were developed by study coauthors using annotated script and were organized into three chapters within a GitHub Bookdown site. The first chapter of modules focuses on introductory data science, which includes the following topics: setting up R/RStudio and coding in the R environment; data organization basics; finding and visualizing data trends; high-dimensional data visualizations; and Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability (FAIR) data management practices. The second chapter of modules incorporates chemical-biological analyses and predictive modeling, spanning the following methods: dose-response modeling; machine learning and predictive modeling; mixtures analyses; -omics analyses; toxicokinetic modeling; and read-across toxicity predictions. The last chapter of modules was organized to provide examples on environmental health database mining and integration, including chemical exposure, health outcome, and environmental justice indicators. Training modules and associated data are publicly available online (https://uncsrp.github.io/Data-Analysis-Training-Modules/). Together, this resource provides unique opportunities to obtain introductory-level training on current data analysis methods applicable to 21st century science and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Roell
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lauren E. Koval
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca Boyles
- Research Computing, RTI International, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Grace Patlewicz
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Caroline Ring
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cynthia V. Rider
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cavin Ward-Caviness
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - David M. Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Ilona Jaspers
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Julia E. Rager
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Julia E. Rager,
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14
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Kim S, Hollinger H, Radke EG. 'Omics in environmental epidemiological studies of chemical exposures: A systematic evidence map. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107243. [PMID: 35551006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic evidence maps are increasingly used to develop chemical risk assessments. These maps can provide an overview of available studies and relevant study information to be used for various research objectives and applications. Environmental epidemiological studies that examine the impact of chemical exposures on various 'omic profiles in human populations provide relevant mechanistic information and can be used for benchmark dose modeling to derive potential human health reference values. OBJECTIVES To create a systematic evidence map of environmental epidemiological studies examining environmental contaminant exposures with 'omics in order to characterize the extent of available studies for future research needs. METHODS Systematic review methods were used to search and screen the literature and included the use of machine learning methods to facilitate screening studies. The Populations, Exposures, Comparators and Outcomes (PECO) criteria were developed to identify and screen relevant studies. Studies that met the PECO criteria after full-text review were summarized with information such as study population, study design, sample size, exposure measurement, and 'omics analysis. RESULTS Over 10,000 studies were identified from scientific databases. Screening processes were used to identify 84 studies considered PECO-relevant after full-text review. Various contaminants (e.g. phthalate, benzene, arsenic, etc.) were investigated in epidemiological studies that used one or more of the four 'omics of interest: epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics . The epidemiological study designs that were used to explore single or integrated 'omic research questions with contaminant exposures were cohort studies, controlled trials, cross-sectional, and case-control studies. An interactive web-based systematic evidence map was created to display more study-related information. CONCLUSIONS This systematic evidence map is a novel tool to visually characterize the available environmental epidemiological studies investigating contaminants and biological effects using 'omics technology and serves as a resource for investigators and allows for a range of applications in chemical research and risk assessment needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kim
- Superfund and Emergency Management Division, Region 2, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NY, USA.
| | - Hillary Hollinger
- Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NC, USA.
| | - Elizabeth G Radke
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, D.C, USA.
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15
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Boonma T, Navasumrit P, Parnlob V, Waraprasit S, Ruchirawat M. SAM and folic acid prevent arsenic-induced oxidative and nitrative DNA damage in human lymphoblast cells by modulating expression of inflammatory and DNA repair genes. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 361:109965. [PMID: 35490796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that arsenic exposure increases the risk of developing a variety of inflammation-associated chronic diseases and cancers. Our previous study revealed that increased transcript levels of inflammatory genes (i.e. COX2, EGR1, and SOCS3) coupled with hypomethylation of the promoter regions of these genes was associated with increased DNA damage in arsenic-exposed newborns through their early childhood. This study further investigated the ability of the methyl group donors, S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) and folic acid, to prevent promoter hypomethylation that results in decreased mRNA expression of inflammatory genes (COX2, EGR1, and SOCS3), and a reduction in arsenic-induced oxidative and nitrative DNA damage in human lymphoblast cells. Pretreatment with SAM (100 nM, 2 days) increased promoter methylation, reduced the mRNA levels of these inflammatory genes, and decreased both 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-nitroguanine levels by 50% (p < 0.01) in arsenic-treated cells. In addition, pretreatment with folic acid (10 μM, 7 days), a micronutrient, led to a significant increase in promoter methylation associated with the reduction in mRNA levels of these inflammatory genes and decreased levels of 8-OHdG and 8-nitroguanine by 80% and 90% (p < 0.01), respectively, compared with arsenic treatment alone. Moreover, pretreatments with these methyl group donors increased mRNA expression of an antioxidant defense regulator (Nrf2) and DNA repair genes (hOGG1, XRCC1, and PARP1). This study shows for the first time that SAM or folic acid supplementation can prevent arsenic-induced oxidative and nitrative DNA damage. This suggests the potential use of SAM or folic acid for prevention of arsenic toxicity in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwapan Boonma
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand
| | - Panida Navasumrit
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand
| | - Varabhorn Parnlob
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Somchamai Waraprasit
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Thailand.
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Fitz NF, Barchowsky A, Koldamova R, Lefterov I. Genome-wide Alteration of Histone Methylation Profiles Associated with Cognitive Changes in Response to Developmental Arsenic Exposure in Mice. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:393-403. [PMID: 35299870 PMCID: PMC8920871 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is a xenobiotic entering the body primarily through contaminated drinking water and food. There are defined mechanisms that describe arsenic’s association with increased cancer incidence, however mechanisms explaining arsenic exposure and neurodevelopmental or aging disorders are poorly defined. In recent years, arsenic effects on epigenome have become a particular focus. We hypothesize that human relevant arsenic exposure during particular developmental windows, or long-term exposure later in life induce pathophysiological neural changes through epigenomic alterations, in particular histone methylation profile, manifesting as cognitive decline. C57BL/6 wild-type mice were continually exposed to sodium arsenite (100 µg/L) in drinking water prior to mating through weaning of the experimental progeny. A second cohort of aged APP/PS mice were chronically exposed to the same level of arsenic. Cognitive testing, histological examination of brains and genome-wide methylation levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 examined after ChIP-seq were used to determine the effects of arsenic exposure. Developmental arsenic exposure caused significantly diminished cognition in wild-type mice. The analysis of ChIP-seq data and experiments with mouse embryonic stem cells demonstrated that epigenetic changes induced by arsenic exposure translated into gene expression alterations associated with neuronal development and neurological disease. Increased hippocampal amyloid plaques levels of APP/PS mice and cognitive decline provided evidence that arsenic exposure aggravated an existing Alzheimer’s disease-like phenotype. We show developmental arsenic exposure significantly impacts histone modifications in brain which remain present into adulthood and provide a potential mechanism by which developmental arsenic exposure influences cognitive functions. We also show that human relevant, chronic arsenic exposure has deleterious effects on adult APP/PS mice and exacerbates existing Alzheimer’s disease-like symptoms. The results demonstrate how developmental arsenic exposure impacts the brain epigenome, leading to altered gene expression later in life. Developmental arsenic exposure impacts biologically significant histone modifications in brain. Decreased trimethylation of H3K27 is associated with processes related to neuron fate and development. Histone modification in brain present a potential mechanism how developmental arsenic exposure impacts cognitive functions. Arsenic exacerbates cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation in AD model mice.
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17
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Sharma V, Gangopadhyay S, Shukla S, Chauhan A, Singh S, Singh RD, Tiwari R, Singh D, Srivastava V. Prenatal exposure to arsenic promotes sterile inflammation through the Polycomb repressive element EZH2 and accelerates skin tumorigenesis in mouse. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 443:116004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Individuals born extremely preterm (before 28 weeks of gestation) comprise only about 0.7% of births in the United States and an even lower proportion in other high resource countries. However, these individuals account for a disproportionate number of children with cerebral palsy, intellectual deficit, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and epilepsy. This review describes two large multiple center cohorts comprised of individuals born extremely preterm: the EPICURE cohort, recruited 1995 in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, and the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn (ELGAN), recruited 2002-2004 in five states in the United States. The primary focus of these studies has been neurodevelopmental disorders, but also of interest are growth, respiratory illness, and parent- and self-reported global health and well-being. Both of these studies indicate that among individuals born extremely preterm the risks of most neurodevelopmental disorders are increased. Early life factors that contribute to this risk include perinatal brain damage, some of which can be identified using neonatal head ultrasound, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and neonatal systemic inflammation. Prenatal factors, particularly the family's socioeconomic position, also appear to contribute to risk. For most adverse outcomes, the risk is higher in males. Young adults born extremely preterm who have neurodevelopmental impairment, as compared to those without such impairment, rate their quality of life lower. However, young adults born extremely preterm who do not have neurodevelopmental impairments rate their quality of life as being similar to that of young adults born at term. Finally, we summarize the current state of interventions designed to improve the life course of extremely premature infants, with particular focus on efforts to prevent premature birth and on postnatal efforts to prevent adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve L Taylor
- Genevieve L Taylor MD: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- T. Michael O'Shea, MD, MPH: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine.
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Vaiserman A, Lushchak O. DNA methylation changes induced by prenatal toxic metal exposure: An overview of epidemiological evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2021; 7:dvab007. [PMID: 34631153 PMCID: PMC8493661 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to unfavorable conditions early in life can substantially contribute to the risk of chronic disorders later in life ('developmental programming' phenomenon). The mechanistic basis for this phenomenon remains poorly understood so far, although epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA-mediated gene regulation apparently play a crucial role. The key role of epigenetic modifications triggered by unfavorable environmental cues during sensitive developmental periods in linking adverse early-life events to later-life health outcomes is evident from a large body of studies, including methylome-wide association studies and research of candidate genes. Toxic metals (TMs), such as heavy metals, including lead, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, etc., are among environmental contaminants currently most significantly impacting human health status. Since TMs can cross the placental barrier and accumulate in fetal tissues, exposure to high doses of these xenobiotics early in development is considered to be among important factors contributing to the developmental programming of adult-life diseases in modern societies. In this mini-review, we summarize epidemiological findings indicating that prenatal TM exposure can induce epigenetic dysregulation, thereby potentially affecting adult health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vaiserman
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, 67 Vyshgorodska str., Kyiv 04114, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- *Correspondence address. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenka str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine. Tel/Fax: +38 0342 71 46 83; E-mail:
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Dong L, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhu K, Zou Z, Zhang A. Imbalanced inflammatory response in subchronic arsenic-induced liver injury and the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract in rats: Potential role of cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2073-2092. [PMID: 34251737 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-known environmental toxicant and carcinogen, which has been epidemiologically proved related to the increased hepatic disorders. Researches have shown that aseptic inflammation and abnormal immune response are associated with arsenic-induced liver injury. However, the immunotoxic effects of liver have not been extensively characterized. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), a natural products of G. biloba leaves with proven anti-inflammatory and potential immunoregulatory activities, was used as intervention agent to explore its protective effects on arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, the underlying mechanism of the immunotoxic effects on arsenic-induced liver injury were investigated in 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg NaAsO2 of Wistar rats for 16 weeks. Subsequently, GBE was used as intervention agent in 50 mg/kg for 6 weeks after cessation of arsenic exposure. The ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver were detected. Meanwhile, the notable activation of aseptic inflammation-related molecule TLR4 and its downstream targets MyD88 and NF-κB in the liver were observed. In this work, we confirmed that subchronic exposed to arsenic triggered the infiltration of inflammatory cells in rat liver, coupled with obvious histopathological changes and aberrant hepatic serum biochemical parameters. Meanwhile, imbalanced immune response was verified by the notable abnormal ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver of arsenic exposed rats. Further, the level of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in liver both transcription and translation activity were raised. Subsequently, GBE markedly mitigated arsenic-induced liver injury, most impressively, post treatment with GBE prominently suppressed the overactivated inflammatory-related TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and evidently decreased the secretion of inflammation cytokines. Meanwhile, the disturbance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response was reversed. We concluded that the disruption of pro- and anti-inflammatory T-cells balance caused by cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions may be one of the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver injury and that GBE intervention exerts an evidence protective effects, which might be closely associated with the suppression of inflammatory-related TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhonglan Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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21
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Breton CV, Landon R, Kahn LG, Enlow MB, Peterson AK, Bastain T, Braun J, Comstock SS, Duarte CS, Hipwell A, Ji H, LaSalle JM, Miller RL, Musci R, Posner J, Schmidt R, Suglia SF, Tung I, Weisenberger D, Zhu Y, Fry R. Exploring the evidence for epigenetic regulation of environmental influences on child health across generations. Commun Biol 2021; 4:769. [PMID: 34158610 PMCID: PMC8219763 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures, psychosocial stressors and nutrition are all potentially important influences that may impact health outcomes directly or via interactions with the genome or epigenome over generations. While there have been clear successes in large-scale human genetic studies in recent decades, there is still a substantial amount of missing heritability to be elucidated for complex childhood disorders. Mounting evidence, primarily in animals, suggests environmental exposures may generate or perpetuate altered health outcomes across one or more generations. One putative mechanism for these environmental health effects is via altered epigenetic regulation. This review highlights the current epidemiologic literature and supporting animal studies that describe intergenerational and transgenerational health effects of environmental exposures. Both maternal and paternal exposures and transmission patterns are considered, with attention paid to the attendant ethical, legal and social implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Remy Landon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda G Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia K Peterson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa Bastain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sarah S Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cristiane S Duarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, MIND Institute, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Rashelle Musci
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Posner
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Irene Tung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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22
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Stone J, Sutrave P, Gascoigne E, Givens MB, Fry RC, Manuck TA. Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2021; 3:100308. [PMID: 33444805 PMCID: PMC8144061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia and preterm birth are among the most common pregnancy complications and are the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the United States. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are multifactorial in nature and increasing evidence suggests that the pathophysiology behind preterm birth and preeclampsia may be similar-specifically, both of these disorders may involve abnormalities in placental vasculature. A growing body of literature supports that exposure to environmental contaminants in the air, water, soil, and consumer and household products serves as a key factor influencing the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In pregnant women, toxic metals have been detected in urine, peripheral blood, nail clippings, and amniotic fluid. The placenta serves as a "gatekeeper" between maternal and fetal exposures, because it can reduce or enhance fetal exposure to various toxicants. Proposed mechanisms underlying toxicant-mediated damage include disrupted placental vasculogenesis, an up-regulated proinflammatory state, oxidative stressors contributing to prostaglandin production and consequent cervical ripening, uterine contractions, and ruptured membranes and epigenetic changes that contribute to disrupted regulation of endocrine and immune system signaling. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of studies examining the relationships between environmental contaminants in the US setting, specifically inorganic (eg, cadmium, arsenic, lead, and mercury) and organic (eg, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) toxicants, and the development of preeclampsia and preterm birth among women in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Stone
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Pragna Sutrave
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Emily Gascoigne
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew B Givens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Tracy A Manuck
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Chapel Hill, NC.
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23
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Inesta-Vaquera F, Navasumrit P, Henderson CJ, Frangova TG, Honda T, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Ruchirawat M, Wolf CR. Application of the in vivo oxidative stress reporter Hmox1 as mechanistic biomarker of arsenic toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116053. [PMID: 33213951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a naturally occurring metalloid present in drinking water and polluted air exposing millions of people globally. Epidemiological studies have linked iAs exposure to the development of numerous diseases including cognitive impairment, cardiovascular failure and cancer. Despite intense research, an effective therapy for chronic arsenicosis has yet to be developed. Laboratory studies have been of great benefit in establishing the pathways involved in iAs toxicity and providing insights into its mechanism of action. However, the in vivo analysis of arsenic toxicity mechanisms has been difficult by the lack of reliable in vivo biomarkers of iAs's effects. To address this issue we have applied the use of our recently developed stress reporter models to study iAs toxicity. The reporter mice Hmox1 (oxidative stress/inflammation; HOTT) and p21 (DNA damage) were exposed to iAs at acute and chronic, environmentally relevant, doses. We observed induction of the oxidative stress reporters in several cell types and tissues, which was largely dependent on the activation of transcription factor NRF2. We propose that our HOTT reporter model can be used as a surrogate biomarker of iAs-induced oxidative stress, and it constitutes a first-in-class platform to develop treatments aimed to counteract the role of oxidative stress in arsenicosis. Indeed, in a proof of concept experiment, the HOTT reporter mice were able to predict the therapeutic utility of the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine in the prevention of iAs associated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Inesta-Vaquera
- Department of Systems Medicine. School of Medicine. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Panida Navasumrit
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Colin J Henderson
- Department of Systems Medicine. School of Medicine. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Tanya G Frangova
- Department of Systems Medicine. School of Medicine. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medicine. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - C Roland Wolf
- Department of Systems Medicine. School of Medicine. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
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24
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Basu M, Chakraborty B, Ghosh S, Samadder S, Dutta S, Roy A, Pal DK, Ghosh A, Panda CK. Divergent molecular profile of PIK3CA gene in arsenic-associated bladder carcinoma. Mutagenesis 2020; 35:499-508. [PMID: 33400797 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of PIK3CA in bladder carcinoma (BlCa) with its recurrent mutations in exon 9 and 20 were well reported. But the association of arsenic on the activation of the pathway is not well elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the effect of arsenic on the genetic (copy number variation/mutation) and expression profiles of PIK3CA in primary BlCa samples. Infrequent amplification (16%) of the PIK3CA locus was observed, with higher frequency among the arsenic-high (AsH) than arsenic-low (AsL) samples. Frequent (54%) tumour-specific mutations in exon 9 and 20 of PIK3CA were observed in the BlCa samples with prevalent (47%) C>T transition mutations. Exon 9 and 20 harboured 48% and 73% of the total mutations, respectively, with 37% in E542K/E545K and 25% of the mutation in H1047Y/R. Though mutation frequency in AsH and AsL was found to be comparable, we observed some arsenic-specific mutation at c.1633G>A, c.1634A>C (E545K) and c.2985C>T and c.3130G>T mutations, as well as prevalent transverse mutations of A>C and G>T in AsH group. Furthermore, 73% of the BlCa samples showed overexpression (mRNA/protein) of PIK3CA with genetic alterations (amplification/mutation), significantly (P = 0.01) higher in AsH group. However, 36% of the samples showed overexpressed PIK3CA, independent of mutation or amplification, signifying a transcriptional upregulation of PIK3CA gene. Therefore, the expression status of NFκB, a transcription factor of PIK3CA, was assessed and found to be significantly correlated with the overexpression of PIK3CA (mRNA/protein) in AsH group. Similarly, the expression pattern of pAKT1 (Thr 308) was also found to be significantly correlated with PIK3CA overexpression. Finally, AsH patients with the overexpression of PIK3CA or NFκB had the worst overall survival, signifying a strong impact of arsenic on this pathway and outcome of the patients. Thus, our study showed that the arsenic-associated differential molecular profile of PIK3CA/AKT1/NFkB in BlCa has an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Basu
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Balarko Chakraborty
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sabnam Ghosh
- Department of Life Science, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudip Samadder
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sankhadeep Dutta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital Kolkata
| | | | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Science, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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25
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Cai M, Zhang X, He W, Zhang J. The Involvement of Metals in Alzheimer's Disease Through Epigenetic Mechanisms. Front Genet 2020; 11:614666. [PMID: 33363576 PMCID: PMC7753070 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.614666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia among neurodegenerative diseases. Two factors were hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, namely beta-amyloid cascade and tauopathy. At present, accumulating evidence suggest that epigenetics may be the missing linkage between genes and environment factors, providing possible clues to understand the etiology of the development of AD. In this article, we focus on DNA methylation and histone modification involved in AD and the environment factor of heavy metals’ contribution to AD, especially epigenetic mechanisms. If we can integrate information together, and that may find new potential targets for the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Eaves LA, Nguyen HT, Rager JE, Sexton KG, Howard T, Smeester L, Freedman AN, Aagaard KM, Shope C, Lefer B, Flynn JH, Erickson MH, Fry RC, Vizuete W. Identifying the Transcriptional Response of Cancer and Inflammation-Related Genes in Lung Cells in Relation to Ambient Air Chemical Mixtures in Houston, Texas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13807-13816. [PMID: 33064461 PMCID: PMC7757424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution represents a complex mixture of air chemicals that continually interact and transform, making it difficult to accurately evaluate associated toxicity responses representative of real-world exposure. This study leveraged data from a previously published article and reevaluated lung cell transcriptional response induced by outdoor atmospheric pollution mixtures using field-based exposure conditions in the industrialized Houston Ship Channel. The tested hypothesis was that individual and co-occurring chemicals in the atmosphere relate to altered expression of critical genes involved in inflammation and cancer-related processes in lung cells. Human lung cells were exposed at an air-liquid interface to ambient air mixtures for 4 h, with experiments replicated across 5 days. Real-time monitoring of primary and secondary gas-phase pollutants, as well as other atmospheric conditions, was simultaneously conducted. Transcriptional analysis of exposed cells identified critical genes showing differential expression associated with both individual and chemical mixtures. The individual pollutant identified with the largest amount of associated transcriptional response was benzene. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRFN1) were identified as key upstream transcription factor regulators of the cellular response to benzene. This study is among the first to measure lung cell transcriptional responses in relation to real-world, gas-phase air mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Eaves
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Hang T Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kenneth G Sexton
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas Howard
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anastasia N Freedman
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Cynthia Shope
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Barry Lefer
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
- Tropospheric Composition Program, Earth Science Division, NASA, Washington, District of Columbia 20546, United States
| | - James H Flynn
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Mathew H Erickson
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - William Vizuete
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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27
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Yan N, Xu G, Zhang C, Liu X, Li X, Sun L, Wang D, Duan X, Li B. Chronic arsenic exposure induces the time-dependent modulation of inflammation and immunosuppression in spleen. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:91. [PMID: 32760496 PMCID: PMC7391604 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arsenic exposure has become a matter of worldwide concern, which is associated with immune-related diseases. However, little is known about its effect on inflammatory immune-related homeostasis. The purpose of our study was to understand the potential tuning of above responses exerted by chronic arsenic exposure. Methods Kunming mice were treated with 25 and 50 mg/L sodium arsenite for 1, 3 and 12 months via drinking water. At different endpoints of arsenic exposure, all animals and the whole spleen of the mice were weighed. The total arsenic levels of spleen were determined by the HPLC-HG-AFS method. Splenic NF-κB, MAPK and NRF2 protein levels by treatment of 25 mg/L NaAsO2 for 1, 3 and 12 months and 25 mg/L and 50 mg/L NaAsO2 for 12 months were assessed by western blot. Total RNA of spleen was isolated and relative mRNA levels of Foxp3, Il-10, Tnf-α, Il-6, Ifn-γ, Il-1β and Il-12 were measured by real-time PCR. Results Our results shown that NF-κB were continuously activated with treatment of 25 mg/L arsenic from 1, 3 to 12 months and 50 mg/L arsenic for 12 months. The transcription factor Foxp3 increased at 1 month but decreased at 3 and 12 months no matter 25 or 50 mg/L arsenic exposure. However, cytokine Il-10 always showed increased trend in mice treated with 25 or 50 mg/L arsenic for 1, 3 and 12 months. The transcriptional profiles of Tnf-α, Il-1β, Il-6, Ifn-γ and Il-12 revealed transient elevation at 1 and 3 months but shown significant decrease at 12 months on the whole. In addition, the sustained activation of inflammatory MAPK and anti-oxidative Nrf2 signaling pathways were observed in mice exposed to arsenic for 1, 3 and 12 months. Conclusion In summary, our experiment in vivo suggested chronic arsenic exposure induces the time-dependent modulation of the inflammation and immunosuppression in spleen, which may be related to the activation of Tregs induced by MAPK/NF-κB as well as the increased transcription level of Foxp3 and Il-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yan
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Xu
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xuping Liu
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Sun
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Da Wang
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Duan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034 Liaoning China
| | - Bing Li
- Environment and Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arsenic-Related Biological Effects and Prevention and Treatment in Liaoning Province, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning People's Republic of China
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28
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Abstract
Exposure to arsenic in contaminated drinking water is a worldwide public health problem that affects more than 200 million people. Protein quality control constitutes an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for promoting proper folding of proteins, refolding of misfolded proteins, and removal of aggregated proteins, thereby maintaining homeostasis of the proteome (i.e., proteostasis). Accumulating lines of evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies revealed that chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic species can elicit proteinopathies that contribute to neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and type II diabetes. Here, we review the effects of arsenic exposure on perturbing various elements of the proteostasis network, including mitochondrial homeostasis, molecular chaperones, inflammatory response, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, as well as asymmetric segregation and axonal transport of misfolded proteins. We also discuss arsenic-induced disruptions of post-translational modifications of proteins, for example, ubiquitination, and their implications in proteostasis. Together, studies in the past few decades support that disruption of protein quality control may constitute an important mechanism underlying the arsenic-induced toxicity.
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29
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Bozack AK, Domingo-Relloso A, Haack K, Gamble MV, Tellez-Plaza M, Umans JG, Best LG, Yracheta J, Gribble MO, Cardenas A, Francesconi KA, Goessler W, Tang WY, Fallin MD, Cole SA, Navas-Acien A. Locus-Specific Differential DNA Methylation and Urinary Arsenic: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study in Blood among Adults with Low-to-Moderate Arsenic Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:67015. [PMID: 32603190 PMCID: PMC7534587 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to arsenic (As), a human toxicant and carcinogen, remains a global public health problem. Health risks persist after As exposure has ended, suggesting epigenetic dysregulation as a mechanistic link between exposure and health outcomes. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between total urinary As and locus-specific DNA methylation in the Strong Heart Study, a cohort of American Indian adults with low-to-moderate As exposure [total urinary As, mean ( ± SD ) μ g / g creatinine: 11.7 (10.6)]. METHODS DNA methylation was measured in 2,325 participants using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array. We implemented linear models to test differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and the DMRcate method to identify regions (DMRs) and conducted gene ontology enrichment analysis. Models were adjusted for estimated cell type proportions, age, sex, body mass index, smoking, education, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and study center. Arsenic was measured in urine as the sum of inorganic and methylated species. RESULTS In adjusted models, methylation at 20 CpGs was associated with urinary As after false discovery rate (FDR) correction (FDR < 0.05 ). After Bonferroni correction, 5 CpGs remained associated with total urinary As (p Bonferroni < 0.05 ), located in SLC7A11, ANKS3, LINGO3, CSNK1D, ADAMTSL4. We identified one DMR on chromosome 11 (chr11:2,322,050-2,323,247), annotated to C11orf2; TSPAN32 genes. DISCUSSION This is one of the first epigenome-wide association studies to investigate As exposure and locus-specific DNA methylation using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array and the largest epigenome-wide study of As exposure. The top DMP was located in SLC7A11A, a gene involved in cystine/glutamate transport and the biosynthesis of glutathione, an antioxidant that may protect against As-induced oxidative stress. Additional DMPs were located in genes associated with tumor development and glucose metabolism. Further research is needed, including research in more diverse populations, to investigate whether As-related DNA methylation signatures are associated with gene expression or may serve as biomarkers of disease development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Georgetown/Howard Universities, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Eagle Butte, South Dakota, USA
| | - Joseph Yracheta
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Eagle Butte, South Dakota, USA
| | - Matthew O Gribble
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkley, California, USA
| | | | | | - Wan-Yee Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M Daniele Fallin
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Hu Y, Wei M, Niu Q, Ma R, Li Y, Wang X, Feng G, Li S, Pang L. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates arsenic-induced lung damage through NF-κB signaling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 244:213-226. [PMID: 30869553 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219829881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Arsenic-induced respiratory inflammatory damage is an important occupational hazard in many areas of the world, particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Effective treatments are lacking and expensive. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidin (PC) and the molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. The present study showed that PC extracted from grape seed could attenuate the lung damage in a mouse model of arsenic poisoning. The effects were observed at the level of lung histology and inflammasome expression. This study suggests that a natural compound is effective in mitigating the toxic effects of arsenic in the lungs, providing an inexpensive and more readily accessible method for treating arsenic exposure in some parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Hu
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Meng Wei
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China.,2 Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Qiang Niu
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Rulin Ma
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Yu Li
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- 3 Department of Quality Control of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Changji, Xinjiang 831100, China
| | - Gangling Feng
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Shugang Li
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Lijuan Pang
- 1 Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832003, China
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Li XL, Zhan RQ, Zheng W, Jiang H, Zhang DF, Shen XL. Positive association between soil arsenic concentration and mortality from alzheimer's disease in mainland China. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 59:126452. [PMID: 31962196 PMCID: PMC7350902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study was designed to investigate the relationship between the soil arsenic (As) concentration and the mortality from Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mainland China. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study. METHODS Twenty-two provinces and 3 municipal districts in mainland China were included in this study. The As concentrations in soil in 1990 was obtained from the China State Environmental Protection Bureau; the data on annual mortality of AD from 1991 to 2000 were obtained from the National Death Cause Surveillance Database of China. Using these data, we calculated the spearman correlation coefficient between soil As concentration and AD mortality, and the relative risk (RR) between soil As levels and AD mortality by quartile-dividing study groups. RESULTS The spearman correlation coefficient between As concentration and AD mortality was 0.552 (p = 0.004), 0.616 (p = 0.001) and 0.622 (p = 0.001) in the A soil As (eluvial horizon), the C soil As (parent material horizon), and the Total soil As (A soil As + C soil As), respectively. When the A soil As concentration was over 9.05 mg/kg, 10.40 mg/kg and 13.10 mg/kg, the relative risk was 0.835 (95 % CI: 0.832, 0.838), 1.969 (95 %CI: 1.955, 1.982), and 2.939 (95 % CI: 2.920, 2.958), respectively; when the C soil As reached 9.45 mg/kg, 11.10 mg/kg and 13.55 mg/kg, the relative risk was 4.349 (95 % CI: 4.303, 4.396), 6.108 (95 % CI: 6.044, 6.172), and 9.125 (95 %CI: 9.033, 9.219), respectively. No correlation was found between lead, cadmium, and mercury concentration in the soil and AD mortality. CONCLUSION There was an apparent soil As concentration dependent increase in AD mortality. Results of this study may provide evidence for a possible causal linkage between arsenic exposure and the death risk from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Run-Qing Zhan
- Qingdao University Affiliated Hiser Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Li Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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A prospective cohort study of in utero and early childhood arsenic exposure and infectious disease in 4- to 5-year-old Bangladeshi children. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e086. [PMID: 32656486 PMCID: PMC7319226 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research found that infants who were exposed to high levels of arsenic in utero had an increased risk of infectious disease in the first year of life. This prospective study examined the association between arsenic exposures during gestation, and respiratory, diarrheal, and febrile morbidity in children 4–5 years of age.
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Amuno S, Rudko DA, Gallino D, Tuznik M, Shekh K, Kodzhahinchev V, Niyogi S, Chakravarty MM, Devenyi GA. Altered neurotransmission and neuroimaging biomarkers of chronic arsenic poisoning in wild muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) breeding near the City of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (Canada). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135556. [PMID: 31780150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic poisoning has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of intellectual disability. Numerous human and animal studies have also confirmed that low-level arsenic exposure has deleterious effects on neurotransmission and brain structures which have been further linked to neurobehavioral disorders. The aim of this present work was to comparatively assess structural brain volume changes and alteration of two (2) neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the brains of wild muskrats and squirrels breeding in arsenic endemic areas, near the vicinity of the abandoned Giant mine site in Yellowknife and in reference locations between 52 and 105 km from the city of Yellowknife. The levels of DA and 5-HT were measured in the brain tissues, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to attempt brain volume measurements. The results revealed that the concentrations of DA and 5-HT were slightly increased in the brains of squirrels from the arsenic endemic areas compared to the reference site. Further, DA and 5-HT were slightly reduced in the brains of muskrats from the arsenic endemic areas compared to the reference location. In general, no statistically significant neurotransmission changes and differences were observed in the brain tissues of muskrats and squirrels from both arsenic endemic areas and non-endemic sites. Although MRI results showed that the brain volumes of squirrels and muskrats were not statistically different between sites after multiple comparison correction; it was noted that core brain regions were substantially affected in muskrats, in particular the hippocampal memory circuit, striatum and thalamus. Squirrel brains showed more extensive neuroanatomical changes, likely due to their relatively smaller body mass, with extensive shrinkage of the core brain structures, and the cortex, even after accounting for differences in overall brain size. The results of this present study constitute the first observation of neuroanatomical changes in wild small mammal species breeding in arsenic endemic areas of Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amuno
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - D A Rudko
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - D Gallino
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - M Tuznik
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - K Shekh
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - V Kodzhahinchev
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - M M Chakravarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - G A Devenyi
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Rager JE, Bangma J, Carberry C, Chao A, Grossman J, Lu K, Manuck TA, Sobus JR, Szilagyi J, Fry RC. Review of the environmental prenatal exposome and its relationship to maternal and fetal health. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 98:1-12. [PMID: 32061676 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals comprise a major portion of the human exposome, with some shown to impact the health of susceptible populations, including pregnant women and developing fetuses. The placenta and cord blood serve as important biological windows into the maternal and fetal environments. In this article we review how environmental chemicals (defined here to include man-made chemicals [e.g., flame retardants, pesticides/herbicides, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances], toxins, metals, and other xenobiotic compounds) contribute to the prenatal exposome and highlight future directions to advance this research field. Our findings from a survey of recent literature indicate the need to better understand the breadth of environmental chemicals that reach the placenta and cord blood, as well as the linkages between prenatal exposures, mechanisms of toxicity, and subsequent health outcomes. Research efforts tailored towards addressing these needs will provide a more comprehensive understanding of how environmental chemicals impact maternal and fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jacqueline Bangma
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Celeste Carberry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex Chao
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Participant, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tracy A Manuck
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jon R Sobus
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - John Szilagyi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) enhanced lung carcinogenesis via histone H3K9 modification in a transplacental mouse model. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:927-937. [PMID: 32052077 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant CD-1 mice received 200 ppm dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in the drinking water from gestation day 8-18, and tumor formation was assessed in offspring at the age of 84 weeks. DMA elevated the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma (10.0%) and total tumors (33.3%) in male offspring compared to male control offspring (1.9 and 15.1%, respectively). DMA also elevated the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (10.0%) in male offspring compared to male control offspring (0.0%). DMA and its metabolites were detected in the lungs of transplacental DMA-treated neonatal mice. Transplacental DMA exposure increased cell proliferation in the epithelium in the lungs of both neonatal and 6-week-old male mice. Microarray and real-time PCR analyses detected high expression of keratin 8 (Krt8) in the lungs of both neonatal and 6-week-old DMA-treated mice. Western blot analysis indicated that DMA elevated methylation of histone H3K9, but not H3K27, in the lungs of male mice. Importantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis using an H3K9me3 antibody found differences in heterochromatin formation between mice exposed to DMA and the controls. Notably, ChIP-seq analysis also found regions of lower heterochromatin formation in DMA-treated mice, and one of these regions contained the Krt8 gene, agreeing with the results obtained by microarray analysis. High expression of Krt8 was also detected in adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung in male offspring. Overall, these data indicate that transplacental DMA treatment enhanced lung and liver carcinogenesis in male mice. In the lung, DMA caused aberrant methylation of histone H3K9, increased Krt8 expression, and enhanced cell proliferation.
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Lagoa R, Marques-da-Silva D, Diniz M, Daglia M, Bishayee A. Molecular mechanisms linking environmental toxicants to cancer development: Significance for protective interventions with polyphenols. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:118-144. [PMID: 32044471 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental toxicants with diverse mechanisms of action is a growing concern. In addition to well-recognized carcinogens, various chemicals in environmental and occupational settings have been suggested to impact health, increasing susceptibility to cancer by inducing genetic and epigenetic changes. Accordingly, in this review, we have discussed recent insights into the pathological mechanisms of these chemicals, namely their effects on cell redox and calcium homeostasis, mitochondria and inflammatory signaling, with a focus on the possible implications for multi-stage carcinogenesis and its reversal by polyphenols. Plant-derived polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin and anthocyanins reduce the incidence of cancer and can be useful nutraceuticals for alleviating the detrimental outcomes of harmful pollutants. However, development of therapies based on polyphenol administration requires further studies to validate the biological efficacy, identifying effective doses, mode of action and new delivery forms. Innovative microphysiological testing models are presented and specific proposals for future trials are given. Merging the current knowledge of multifactorial actions of specific polyphenols and chief environmental toxicants, this work aims to potentiate the delivery of phytochemical-based protective treatments to individuals at high-risk due to environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Lagoa
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Dorinda Marques-da-Silva
- School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal; Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Diniz
- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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Rehman MYA, van Herwijnen M, Krauskopf J, Farooqi A, Kleinjans JCS, Malik RN, Briedé JJ. Transcriptome responses in blood reveal distinct biological pathways associated with arsenic exposure through drinking water in rural settings of Punjab, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 135:105403. [PMID: 31864032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Groundwater Arsenic (As) contamination is a global public health concern responsible for various health implications and a neglected area of environmental health research in Pakistan. Because of interindividual differences in genetic predisposition, As-related health issues may not be equally distributed among the As-exposed population. However, till date, no studies have been conducted including multiple SNPs involved in As metabolism and disease risk using a linear mixed effect model approach to analyze peripheral blood transcriptomics results. OBJECTIVES In order to detect early responses on the gene expression level and to evaluate the impact of selected SNPs inferring disease risks associated with As exposure, we designed a systematic study to investigate blood transcriptomics profiles of 57 differentially exposed rural subjects living in drinking water As-contaminated settings of Lahore and Kasur districts in Punjab Province in southeast Pakistan. Exposure among the subjects was correlated with individual transcriptome responses applying urinary As profiles as the main biomarker for risk stratification. METHODS We performed whole genome gene expression analysis in blood of subjects using microarrays. Linear effect mixed models were applied for evaluating the combined impact of SNPs hypothetically increasing the risk for As exposure-induced health effects (GSTM1, GSTT1, As3MT, DNMT1, MTHFR, ERCC2 and EGFR). RESULTS Our findings confirmed important signaling, growth factor, cancer and other disease related pathways known to be associated with increased As exposure levels. In addition, upon implementing our integrative SNPs-based genetic risk factor, pathways associated with an increased risk of NAFLD and diabetes appeared significantly enhanced by down-regulation of genes NDUFV3, IKBKB, IL6R, ADIPOR1, PPARA, OGT and FOXO1. CONCLUSION We report the first comprehensive study applying state-of-the-art bioinformatics approaches to address multiple SNP-based inter-individual variability in adverse molecular responses among subjects exposed to drinking water As contamination in Pakistan thereby providing strong evidence of various gene expression targets associated with development of known As-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Marcel van Herwijnen
- Grow School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Julian Krauskopf
- Grow School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Abida Farooqi
- Environmental Hydro-Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Grow School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Jacco Jan Briedé
- Grow School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
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Navas-Acien A, Spratlen MJ, Abuawad A, LoIacono NJ, Bozack AK, Gamble MV. Early-Life Arsenic Exposure, Nutritional Status, and Adult Diabetes Risk. Curr Diab Rep 2019; 19:147. [PMID: 31758285 PMCID: PMC7004311 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-019-1272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In utero influences, including nutrition and environmental chemicals, may induce long-term metabolic changes and increase diabetes risk in adulthood. This review evaluates the experimental and epidemiological evidence on the association of early-life arsenic exposure on diabetes and diabetes-related outcomes, as well as the influence of maternal nutritional status on arsenic-related metabolic effects. RECENT FINDINGS Five studies in rodents have evaluated the role of in utero arsenic exposure with diabetes in the offspring. In four of the studies, elevated post-natal fasting glucose was observed when comparing in utero arsenic exposure with no exposure. Rodent offspring exposed to arsenic in utero also showed elevated insulin resistance in the 4 studies evaluating it as well as microRNA changes related to glycemic control in 2 studies. Birth cohorts of arsenic-exposed pregnant mothers in New Hampshire, Mexico, and Taiwan have shown that increased prenatal arsenic exposure is related to altered cord blood gene expression, microRNA, and DNA methylation profiles in diabetes-related pathways. Thus far, no epidemiologic studies have evaluated early-life arsenic exposure with diabetes risk. Supplementation trials have shown B vitamins can reduce blood arsenic levels in highly exposed, undernourished populations. Animal evidence supports that adequate B vitamin status can rescue early-life arsenic-induced diabetes risk, although human data is lacking. Experimental animal studies and human evidence on the association of in utero arsenic exposure with alterations in gene expression pathways related to diabetes in newborns, support the potential role of early-life arsenic exposure in diabetes development, possibly through increased insulin resistance. Given pervasive arsenic exposure and the challenges to eliminate arsenic from the environment, research is needed to evaluate prevention interventions, including the possibility of low-cost, low-risk nutritional interventions that can modify arsenic-related disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Miranda J Spratlen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ahlam Abuawad
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nancy J LoIacono
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Mullin AM, Amarasiriwardena C, Cantoral-Preciado A, Claus Henn B, Leon Hsu HH, Sanders AP, Svensson K, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Burris HH. Maternal blood arsenic levels and associations with birth weight-for-gestational age. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108603. [PMID: 31357156 PMCID: PMC6737536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among highly exposed populations, arsenic exposure in utero may be associated with decreased birth weight, however less is known about potential effects of arsenic exposure in urban communities without contaminated sources such as drinking water. OBJECTIVE Investigate the association of blood arsenic levels with birth weight-for-gestational age categories within a prospective birth cohort study. DESIGN/METHODS We analyzed 730 mother-infant dyads within the Programming Research in Obesity, GRowth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort in Mexico City. Total arsenic was measured in maternal blood samples from the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, at delivery, as well as from infant umbilical cord blood samples. Multivariable, multinomial logistic regression models adjusting for maternal age at enrollment, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, infant sex, socioeconomic position, and prenatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure were used to calculate odds ratios of small-for-gestational age (<10th percentile, SGA) and large-for-gestational age (>90th percentile, LGA) compared to appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) per unit increase of log-transformed arsenic. RESULTS Median (IQR) blood arsenic levels for maternal second trimester were 0.72 (0.33) μg/L, maternal third trimester 0.75 (0.41) μg/L, maternal at delivery 0.85 (0.70) μg/L, and infant cord 0.78 (0.65) μg/L. Maternal delivery and infant cord blood samples were most strongly correlated (spearman r = 0.65, p < 0.0001). Maternal arsenic levels at delivery were associated with significantly higher odds of both SGA (adj. OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.08-1.93) and LGA (adj. OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.12-3.67) compared to AGA. Results were similar for cord blood. There were 130 SGA infants and 22 LGA infants. Earlier in pregnancy, there were no significant associations of arsenic and birth weight-for-gestational age. However, we observed non-significantly higher odds of LGA among women with higher arsenic levels in the 3rd trimester (adj. OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.67-3.12). CONCLUSION We found that in a Mexico City birth cohort, higher maternal blood arsenic levels at delivery were associated with higher odds of both SGA and LGA. However, sources and species of arsenic were not known and the number of LGA infants was small, limiting the interpretation of this finding and highlighting the importance of future large studies to incorporate arsenic speciation. If our findings were confirmed in studies that addressed these limitations, determining modifiable factors that could be mitigated, such as sources of arsenic exposure, may be important for optimizing fetal growth to improve long-term health of children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | | | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, United States
| | - Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Katherine Svensson
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz
- National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; National Council of Science and Technology, Mexico
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, United States
| | - Heather H Burris
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at Univ. of Pennsylvania, PA, United States.
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Arnold MG, Gokulan K, Doerge DR, Vanlandingham M, Cerniglia CE, Khare S. A single or short time repeated arsenic oral exposure in mice impacts mRNA expression for signaling and immunity related genes in the gut. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110597. [PMID: 31233874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is prevalent in contaminated drinking water and affects more than 140 million people in 50 countries. While the wide-ranging effects of arsenic on neurological development and cancer draw the majority of concern, arsenic's effects on the gut mucosa-associated immune system are often overlooked. In this study, we show that 24 h after a single dose [low dose (50 μg/kg bw), medium dose (100 μg/kg bw) or high dose (200 μg/kg bw)] of arsenic by oral gavage, mice show significantly reduced gut mucosa-associated mRNA expression for the key genes involved in the signaling pathways central to immune responses, such as Nuclear factor κB (NFκB), Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p38 and Myeloid differentiation protein 88-dependent (Myd88) pathways. Additionally, mRNA expression of apoptosis, inflammasomes and inflammatory response genes are significantly downregulated in the animals exposed to arsenic. Comparisons of time-dependent effects (24 h vs 48 h) from low dose arsenic exposed animals showed a significant shift in expression of Myd88 alone, suggesting that the down regulation was sustained for the key genes/signaling pathway. An extended eight-day exposure to arsenic showed a decreased state of immune preparedness, though not as diminished as seen in the single dose exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Arnold
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Kuppan Gokulan
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Michelle Vanlandingham
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Carl E Cerniglia
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Sangeeta Khare
- Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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Navasumrit P, Chaisatra K, Promvijit J, Parnlob V, Waraprasit S, Chompoobut C, Binh TT, Hai DN, Bao ND, Hai NK, Kim KW, Samson LD, Graziano JH, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat M. Exposure to arsenic in utero is associated with various types of DNA damage and micronuclei in newborns: a birth cohort study. Environ Health 2019; 18:51. [PMID: 31174534 PMCID: PMC6555940 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates that in utero arsenic exposures in humans may increase the risk of adverse health effects and development of diseases later in life. This study aimed to evaluate potential health risks of in utero arsenic exposure on genetic damage in newborns in relation to maternal arsenic exposure. METHODS A total of 205 pregnant women residing in arsenic-contaminated areas in Hanam province, Vietnam, were recruited. Prenatal arsenic exposure was determined by arsenic concentration in mother's toenails and urine during pregnancy and in umbilical cord blood collected at delivery. Genetic damage in newborns was assessed by various biomarkers of early genetic effects including oxidative/nitrative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG, and 8-nitroguanine), DNA strand breaks and micronuclei (MN) in cord blood. RESULTS Maternal arsenic exposure, measured by arsenic levels in toenails and urine, was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in subjects residing in areas with high levels of arsenic contamination in drinking water. Cord blood arsenic level was significantly increased in accordance with maternal arsenic exposure (p < 0.001). Arsenic exposure in utero is associated with genotoxic effects in newborns indicated as increased levels of 8-OHdG, 8-nitroguanine, DNA strand breaks and MN frequency in cord blood with increasing levels of maternal arsenic exposure. Maternal toenail arsenic level was significantly associated with all biomarkers of early genetic effects, while cord blood arsenic levels associated with DNA strand breaks and MN frequency. CONCLUSIONS In utero arsenic exposure is associated with various types of genetic damage in newborns potentially contributing to the development of diseases, including cancer, later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Navasumrit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Krittinee Chaisatra
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Jeerawan Promvijit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Varabhorn Parnlob
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Somchamai Waraprasit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Chalida Chompoobut
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Ta Thi Binh
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Doan Ngoc Hai
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duy Bao
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Khac Hai
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Leona D. Samson
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Joseph H. Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Chulabhorn Mahidol
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
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Potential facet for prenatal arsenic exposure paradigm: linking endocrine disruption and epigenetics. THE NUCLEUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-019-00274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Li S, Chen M, Li Y, Tollefsbol TO. Prenatal epigenetics diets play protective roles against environmental pollution. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:82. [PMID: 31097039 PMCID: PMC6524340 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is thought that germ cells and preimplantation embryos during development are most susceptible to endogenous and exogenous environmental factors because the epigenome in those cells is undergoing dramatic elimination and reconstruction. Exposure to environmental factors such as nutrition, climate, stress, pathogens, toxins, and even social behavior during gametogenesis and early embryogenesis has been shown to influence disease susceptibility in the offspring. Early-life epigenetic modifications, which determine the expression of genetic information stored in the genome, are viewed as one of the general mechanisms linking prenatal exposure and phenotypic changes later in life. From atmospheric pollution, endocrine-disrupting chemicals to heavy metals, research increasingly suggests that environmental pollutions have already produced significant consequences on human health. Moreover, mounting evidence now links such pollution to relevant modification in the epigenome. The epigenetics diet, referring to a class of bioactive dietary compounds such as isothiocyanates in broccoli, genistein in soybean, resveratrol in grape, epigallocatechin-3-gallate in green tea, and ascorbic acid in fruits, has been shown to modify the epigenome leading to beneficial health outcomes. This review will primarily focus on the causes and consequences of prenatal environment pollution exposure on the epigenome, and the potential protective role of the epigenetics diet, which could play a central role in neutralizing epigenomic aberrations against environmental pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhao Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Demanelis K, Argos M, Tong L, Shinkle J, Sabarinathan M, Rakibuz-Zaman M, Sarwar G, Shahriar H, Islam T, Rahman M, Yunus M, Graziano JH, Broberg K, Engström K, Jasmine F, Ahsan H, Pierce BL. Association of Arsenic Exposure with Whole Blood DNA Methylation: An Epigenome-Wide Study of Bangladeshi Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:57011. [PMID: 31135185 PMCID: PMC6791539 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic exposure affects [Formula: see text] people worldwide, including [Formula: see text] in Bangladesh. Arsenic exposure increases the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases, and one potential mechanism of arsenic toxicity is epigenetic dysregulation. OBJECTIVE We assessed associations between arsenic exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation measured at baseline among 396 Bangladeshi adults participating in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) who were exposed by drinking naturally contaminated well water. METHODS Methylation in whole blood DNA was measured at [Formula: see text] using the Illumina InfiniumMethylationEPIC (EPIC) array. To assess associations between arsenic exposure and CpG methylation, we used linear regression models adjusted for covariates and surrogate variables (SVs) (capturing unknown technical and biologic factors). We attempted replication and conducted a meta-analysis using an independent dataset of [Formula: see text] from 400 Bangladeshi individuals with arsenical skin lesions. RESULTS We identified 34 CpGs associated with [Formula: see text] creatinine-adjusted urinary arsenic [[Formula: see text]]. Sixteen of these CpGs annotated to the [Formula: see text] array, and 10 associations were replicated ([Formula: see text]). The top two CpGs annotated upstream of the ABR gene (cg01912040, cg10003262 ). All urinary arsenic-associated CpGs were also associated with arsenic concentration measured in drinking water ([Formula: see text]). Meta-analysis ([Formula: see text] samples) identified 221 urinary arsenic-associated CpGs ([Formula: see text]). The arsenic-associated CpGs from the meta-analysis were enriched in non-CpG islands and shores ([Formula: see text]) and depleted in promoter regions ([Formula: see text]). Among the arsenic-associated CpGs ([Formula: see text]), we observed significant enrichment of genes annotating to the reactive oxygen species pathway, inflammatory response, and tumor necrosis factor [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) signaling via nuclear factor kappa-B ([Formula: see text]) hallmarks ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS The novel and replicable associations between arsenic exposure and DNA methylation at specific CpGs observed in this work suggest that epigenetic alterations should be further investigated as potential mediators in arsenic toxicity and as biomarkers of exposure and effect in exposed populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3849.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Demanelis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Justin Shinkle
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mekala Sabarinathan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Golam Sarwar
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Shahriar
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuzar Rahman
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Yunus
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Joseph H. Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karin Broberg
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Engström
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brandon L. Pierce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Long-Term Health Effects and Underlying Biological Mechanisms of Developmental Exposure to Arsenic. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:134-144. [PMID: 29411302 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) via drinking water represents a significant global public health threat with chronic exposure associated with cancer, skin lesions, neurological impairment, and cardiovascular diseases. Particularly susceptible populations include the developing fetus and young children. This review summarizes some of the critical studies of the long-term health effects and underlying biological mechanisms related to developmental exposure to arsenic. It also highlights the complex factors, such as the sex of the exposed individual, that contribute to susceptibility to the later life health effects of iAs. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in animal models, as well as human population-based studies, have established that prenatal and early life iAs exposures are associated with long-term effects, and many of these effects display sexually dimorphic responses. As an underlying molecular basis, recent epidemiologic and toxicologic studies have demonstrated that changes to the epigenome may play a key mechanistic role underlying many of the iAs-associated health outcomes. Developmental exposure to iAs results in early and later life health effects. Mechanisms underlying these outcomes are likely complex, and include disrupted key biological pathways with ties to the epigenome. This highlights the importance of continued research, particularly in animal models, to elucidate the important underpinnings (e.g., timing of exposure, metabolism, dose) of these complex health outcomes and to identify the biological mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in iAs-associated diseases. Future research should investigate preventative strategies for the protection from the detrimental health endpoints associated with early life exposure to iAs. Such strategies could include potential interventions focused on dietary supplementation for example the adoption of a folate-rich diet.
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Transplacental exposure to carcinogens and risks to children: evidence from biomarker studies and the utility of omic profiling. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:833-857. [PMID: 30859261 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The factors underlying the increasing rates and the geographic variation of childhood cancers are largely unknown. Epidemiological studies provide limited evidence for a possible role in the etiology of certain types of childhood cancer of the exposure of pregnant women to environmental carcinogens (e.g., tobacco smoke and pesticides); however, such evidence is inadequate to allow definitive conclusions. Complementary evidence can be obtained from biomarker-based population studies. Such studies have demonstrated that, following exposure of pregnant mothers, most environmental carcinogens reach the fetus and, in many cases, induce therein genotoxic damage which in adults is known to be associated with increased cancer risk, implying that environmental carcinogens may contribute to the etiology of childhood cancer. During recent years, intermediate disease biomarkers, obtained via omic profiling, have provided additional insights into the impact of transplacental exposures on fetal tissues which, in some cases, are also compatible with a precarcinogenic role of certain in utero exposures. Here we review the epidemiological and biomarker evidence and discuss how further research, especially utilizing high-density profiling, may allow a better evaluation of the links between in utero environmental exposures and cancer in children.
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Rychlik KA, Sillé FCM. Environmental exposures during pregnancy: Mechanistic effects on immunity. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:178-196. [PMID: 30708400 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In human studies, it is well established that exposures during embryonic and fetal development periods can influence immune health. Coupled with genetic predisposition, these exposures can alter lifetime chronic and infectious disease trajectory, and, ultimately, life expectancy. Fortunately, as research advances, mechanisms governing long-term effects of prenatal exposures are coming to light and providing the opportunity for intervention and risk reduction. For instance, human association studies have provided a foundation for the association of prenatal exposure to particulate matter with early immunosuppression and later allergic disease in the offspring. Only recently, the mechanisms mediating this response have been revealed and there is much we have yet to discover. Although cellular immune response is understood for many exposure scenarios, molecular pathways are still unidentified. This review will provide commentary and synthesis of the current literature regarding environmental exposures during pregnancy and mechanisms determining immune outcomes. Shared mechanistic features and current gaps in the state of the science are identified and discussed. To such purpose, we address exposures by their immune effect type: immunosuppression, autoimmunity, inflammation and tissue damage, hypersensitivity, and general immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal A Rychlik
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fenna C M Sillé
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Surratt JD, Lin YH, Arashiro M, Vizuete WG, Zhang Z, Gold A, Jaspers I, Fry RC. Understanding the Early Biological Effects of Isoprene-Derived Particulate Matter Enhanced by Anthropogenic Pollutants. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 2019; 2019:1-54. [PMID: 31872748 PMCID: PMC7271660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5; particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) plays a key role in air quality, climate, and public health. Globally, the largest mass fraction of PM2.5 is organic, dominated by secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Isoprene from vegetation is the most abundant nonmethane VOC emitted into Earth's atmosphere. Isoprene has been recently recognized as one of the major sources of global SOA production that is enhanced by the presence of anthropogenic pollutants, such as acidic sulfate derived from sulfur dioxide (SO2), through multiphase chemistry of its oxidation products. Considering the abundance of isoprene-derived SOA in the atmosphere, understanding mechanisms of adverse health effects through inhalation exposure is critical to mitigating its potential impact on public health. Although previous studies have examined the toxicological effects of certain isoprene-derived gas-phase oxidation products, to date, no systematic studies have examined the potential toxicological effects of isoprene-derived SOA, its constituents, or its SOA precursors on human lung cells. SPECIFIC AIMS The overall objective of this study was to investigate the early biological effects of isoprene-derived SOA and its subtypes on BEAS-2B cells (a human bronchial epithelial cell line), with a particular focus on the alteration of oxidative stress- and inflammation-related genes. To achieve this objective, there were two specific aims. 1. Examine toxicity and early biological effects of SOA derived from the photochemical oxidation of isoprene, considering both urban and downwind-urban types of chemistry. 2. Examine toxicity and early biological effects of SOA derived directly from downstream oxidation products of isoprene (i.e., epoxides and hydroperoxides). METHODS Isoprene-derived SOA was first generated by photooxidation of isoprene under natural sunlight in the presence of nitric oxide (NO) and acidified sulfate aerosols. Experiments were conducted in a 120-m3 outdoor Teflon-film chamber located on the roof of the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-Chapel Hill). BEAS-2B cells were exposed to chamber- generated isoprene-derived SOA using the Electrostatic Aerosol in Vitro Exposure System (EAVES). This approach allowed us to generate atmospherically relevant compositions of isoprene-derived SOA and to examine its toxicity through in vitro exposures at an air-liquid interface, providing a more biologically relevant exposure model. Isoprene-derived SOA samples were also collected, concurrently with EAVES sampling, onto Teflon membrane filters for in vitro resuspension exposures and for analysis of aerosol chemical composition by gas chromatography/electron ionization-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS) with prior trimethylsilylation and ultra-performance liquid-chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry equipped with electrospray ionization (UPLC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS). Isoprene-derived SOA samples were also analyzed by the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay in order to characterize their reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generation potential. Organic synthesis of known isoprene-derived SOA precursors, which included isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX), methacrylic acid epoxide (MAE), and isoprene-derived hydroxyhydroperoxides (ISOPOOH), was conducted in order to isolate major isoprene-derived SOA formation pathways from each other and to determine which of these pathways (or SOA types) is potentially more toxic. Since IEPOX and MAE produce SOA through multiphase chemistry onto acidic sulfate aerosol, dark reactive uptake experiments of IEPOX and MAE in the presence of acidic sulfate aerosol were performed in a 10-m3 flexible Teflon indoor chamber at UNC-Chapel Hill. Since the generation of SOA from ISOPOOH (through a non-IEPOX route) requires a hydroxyl radical (•OH)-initiated oxidation, ozonolysis of tetramethylethylene (TME) was used to form the needed •OH radicals in the indoor chamber. The resultant low-volatility multifunctional hydroperoxides condensed onto nonacidified sulfate aerosol, yielding the ISOPOOH-derived SOA needed for exposures. Similar to the outdoor chamber SOAs, IEPOX, MAE- and ISOPOOH-derived SOAs were collected onto Teflon membrane filters and were subsequently chemically characterized by GC/EI-MS and UPLC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS as well as for ROS-generation potential using the DTT assay. These filters were also used for resuspension in vitro exposures. By conducting gene expression profiling, we provided mechanistic insights into the potential health effects of isoprene-derived SOA. First, gene expression profiling of 84 oxidative stress- and 249 inflammation-associated human genes was performed for cells exposed to isoprene-derived SOA generated in our outdoor chamber experiments in EAVES or by resuspension. Two pathway-focused panels were utilized for this purpose: (1) nCounter GX Human Inflammation Kit comprised of 249 human genes (NanoString), and (2) Human Oxidative Stress Plus RT2 Profiler PCR Array (Qiagen) comprised of 84 oxidative stress-associated genes. We compared the gene expression levels in cells exposed to SOA generated in an outdoor chamber from photochemical oxidation of isoprene in the presence of NO and acidified sulfate seed aerosol to cells exposed to a dark control mixture of isoprene, NO, and acidified sulfate seed aerosol to isolate the effects of the isoprene-derived SOA on the cells using the EAVES and resuspension exposure methods. Pathway-based analysis was performed for significantly altered genes using the ConsensusPathDB database, which is a database system for the integration of human gene functional interactions to provide biological pathway information for a gene set of interest. Pathway annotation was performed to provide biological pathway information for each gene set. The gene-gene interaction networks were constructed and visualized using the GeneMANIA Cytoscape app (version 3.4.1) to predict the putative function of altered genes. Lastly, isoprene-derived SOA collected onto filters was used in resuspension exposures to measure select inflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin 8 (IL-8) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) genes, in BEAS-2B cells to ensure that effects observed from EAVES exposures were attributable to particle-phase organic products. Since EAVES and resuspension exposures compared well, gene expression profiling for IEPOX-, MAE- and ISOPOOH-derived SOA were conducted using only resuspension exposures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Chemical characterization coupled with biological analyses show that atmospherically relevant compositions of isoprene-derived SOA alter the levels of 41 oxidative stress-related genes. Of the different composition types of isoprene-derived SOA, MAE- and ISOPOOH-derived SOA altered the greatest number of genes, suggesting that carbonyl and hydroperoxide functional groups are oxidative stress promoters. Taken together, the different composition types accounted for 34 of the genes altered by the total isoprene-derived SOA mixture, while 7 remained unique to the total mixture exposures, indicating that there is either a synergistic effect of the different isoprene-derived SOA components or an unaccounted component in the mixture. The high-oxides of nitrogen (NOx) regime, which yielded MAE- and methacrolein (MACR)-derived SOA, had a higher ROS-generation potential (as measured by the DTT assay) than the low- NOx regime, which included IEPOX- and isoprene-derived SOA. However, ISOPOOH-derived SOA, which also formed in the low- NOx regime, had the highest ROS-generation potential, similar to 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ). This suggests that aerosol-phase organic peroxides contribute significantly to particulate matter (PM) oxidative potential. MAE- and MACR- derived SOA showed equal or greater ROS-generation potential than was reported in prior UNC-Chapel Hill studies on diesel exhaust PM, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive investigation of the toxicity of isoprene-derived SOA. Notably, ISOPOOH-derived SOA was one order of magnitude higher in ROS-generation potential than diesel exhaust particles previously examined at UNC-Chapel Hill. As an acellular assay, the DTT assay may not be predictive of oxidative stress; therefore, we also focused on the gene expression results from the cellular exposures. We have demonstrated that the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and the redox-sensitive activation protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor networks have been significantly altered upon exposure to isoprene-derived SOA. The identification of Nrf2 pathway in cells exposed to isoprene-derived SOA is in accordance with our findings using the DTT assay, which measures the thiol reactivity of PM samples as a surrogate for their ROS-generation potential. Specifically, our results point to the cysteine-thiol modifications within cells that lead to activation of Nrf2-related gene expression. However, based on our gene expression results showing no clear relationship between DTT activity and the number of altered oxidative stress-related genes, the DTT activity of isoprene-derived SOA may not be directly indicative of toxicity relative to other SOA types. While activation of Nrf2-associated genes has been identified with responses to oxidative stress and linked to traffic related air pollution exposure in both toxicological and epidemiological studies, their implicit involvement in this study suggests that activation of Nrf2-related gene expression may occur with exposures to all sorts of PM types. By controlling the exposure time, method, and dose we demonstrated that among the SOA derived from previously identified individual precursors of isoprene-derived SOA, ISOPOOH-derived SOA alters more oxidative stress related genes than does IEPOX-derived SOA, but fewer than MAE-derived SOA. This suggests that the composition of MAE-derived SOA may be the greatest contributor to alterations of oxidative stress-related gene expression observed due to isoprene-derived SOA exposure. Further study on induced levels of protein expression and specific toxicological endpoints is necessary to determine if the observed gene expression changes lead to adverse health effects. In addition, such studies have implications for pollution-control strategies because NOx and SO2 are controllable pollutants that can alter the composition of SOA, and in turn alter its effects on gene expression. The mass fraction of different components of atmospheric isoprene derived SOA should be considered, but altering the fraction of high- NOx isoprene-derived SOA (e.g., MAE derived SOA) may yield greater changes in gene expression than altering the fraction of low- NOx isoprene derived SOA types (ISOPOOH- or IEPOX-derived SOA). Finally, this study confirms that total isoprene-derived SOA alters the expression of a greater number of genes than does SOA derived from the tested precursors. This warrants further work to determine the underlying explanation for this observation, which may be uncharacterized components of isoprene-derived SOA or the potential for synergism between the studied components.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Surratt
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Y-H Lin
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - M Arashiro
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - W G Vizuete
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - A Gold
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - I Jaspers
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - R C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
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Khan F, Momtaz S, Abdollahi M. The relationship between mercury exposure and epigenetic alterations regarding human health, risk assessment and diagnostic strategies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:37-47. [PMID: 30732897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to the environmental toxicants poses a serious threat to human health. The extent of exposure and the development of diseases are interrelated with each other. Chronic exposure to mercury (Hg) increases the risk of developing serious human disorders from embryo to adulthood. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review is to highlight the most common human disorders induced by Hg exposure on the basis of epigenetic mechanisms. A growing body of evidence shows that Hg exposure leads to alterations in the epigenetic markers. METHODS We performed an organized search of the available literature using PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Reaxys, EMBASE and Scopus databases. All the relevant citations, including research and review articles in English were evaluated. The search terms included mercury, Hg, epigenetics, epigenetic alterations, DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs (miRNAs), and risk assessment. RESULTS Data on human toxicity due to Hg exposure shows broad variations in terms of chemical nature, doses, and the rate of exposure. Hg consumption either via foods or environmental sources may create deleterious health effects on various physiological systems at least partially through an epigenetic mechanism. CONCLUSION Hg exposure could trigger epigenetic alterations, hence leading to various human disorders including reduced newborn cerebellum size, adverse behavioral outcomes, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Similarly, in adults, occupational Hg exposure has been associated with an increased risk of autoimmunity. It has been revealed that miRNAs in the woman's cervix are a novel responder to maternal Hg exposure during pregnancy. Hg-induced epigenetic alterations analysis of kidney tissues showed a significant interruption in renal function. DNA methylation and histone post-translation modifications are predominant types of Hg epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlullah Khan
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Children's Environmental Health in South and Southeast Asia: Networking for Better Child Health Outcomes. Ann Glob Health 2019; 85. [PMID: 30873796 PMCID: PMC6571144 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are particularly vulnerable to environmental hazards because they receive higher doses of pollutants in any given environment and often do not have equitable access to social protection mechanisms such as environmental and health care services. The World Health Organization established a global network of collaborating centres that address children’s environmental health (CEH). The network developed a focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and is broadening its reach by conducting regional workshops for CEH.
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