1
|
Chang Z, Gao D, Liao L, Sun J, Zhang G, Zhang X, Wang F, Li C, Oladejo BO, Li S, Chai Y, Hu Y, Lu X, Xiao H, Qi J, Chen Z, Gao F, Wu Y. Bispecific antibodies targeting two glycoproteins on SFTSV exhibit synergistic neutralization and protection in a mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400163121. [PMID: 38830098 PMCID: PMC11181109 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400163121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with a high fatality rate of up to 30% caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). However, no specific vaccine or antiviral therapy has been approved for clinical use. To develop an effective treatment, we isolated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). SF5 and SF83 are two neutralizing mAbs that recognize two viral glycoproteins (Gn and Gc), respectively. We found that their epitopes are closely located, and we then engineered them as several bispecific antibodies (bsAbs). Neutralization and animal experiments indicated that bsAbs display more potent protective effects than the parental mAbs, and the cryoelectron microscopy structure of a bsAb3 Fab-Gn-Gc complex elucidated the mechanism of protection. In vivo virus passage in the presence of antibodies indicated that two bsAbs resulted in less selective pressure and could efficiently bind to all single parental mAb-escape mutants. Furthermore, epitope analysis of the protective mAbs against SFTSV and RVFV indicated that they are all located on the Gn subdomain I, where may be the hot spots in the phleboviruses. Collectively, these data provide potential therapeutic agents and molecular basis for the rational design of vaccines against SFTSV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chang
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
| | - Liying Liao
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
| | - Junqing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi030801, China
| | - Gen Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR999078, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
| | - Feiran Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Chunrui Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Babayemi Olawale Oladejo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB704, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Shihua Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Yan Chai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Xuancheng Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing102206, China
| | - Haixia Xiao
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin300308, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- Center of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100015, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Vaccines, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin300308, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pathogen Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hidaka K, Mitoma S, Norimine J, Shimojima M, Kuroda Y, Hinoura T. Seroprevalence for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among the residents of Miyazaki, Japan: An epidemiological study. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:481-487. [PMID: 38042299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). The Miyazaki Prefecture has the highest number of SFTS cases in Japan and requires countermeasures for prevention. In this study, we aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey in Miyazaki Prefecture to determine the exposure conditions of SFTSV by measuring the seroprevalence among residents of Miyazaki and to evaluate the factors that influence the endemicity of SFTS. METHODS The survey was conducted between June 2014 and April 2019 in all 26 municipalities in Miyazaki Prefecture. SFTSV antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the blood samples of 6013 residents (3184 men and 2829 women). A questionnaire-based survey of the living environment was also conducted. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age and occupation were significant factors related to the proportion of participants with an optical density (OD) value > 0.2 and a seroprevalence of 0.9 % (54/6013). Seven seropositive individuals (0.1 %) with an OD value of >0.4 were identified (three men and four women, aged 54-69 years), and all were asymptomatic. One participant had a higher OD than the positive control. CONCLUSION Although SFTS is endemic in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, its seroprevalence is relatively low. Since some risk areas in Miyazaki prefecture have been identified, it is important to enhance awareness of SFTS in residences and reduce contact with ticks, especially in high-risk areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hidaka
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shuya Mitoma
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Junzo Norimine
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kuroda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takuji Hinoura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Wang C, Li X, Zhang G, Sun S, Wang Z, Zhao J, Xiu L, Jiang N, Zhang H, Yang Z, Zhang J. Direct transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from farm-raised fur animals to workers in Weihai, China. Virol J 2024; 21:113. [PMID: 38760812 PMCID: PMC11100147 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease. SFTS virus (SFTSV) is transmitted by tick bites and contact with the blood or body fluids of SFTS patients. Animal-to-human transmission of SFTS has been reported in Japan, but not in China. In this study, the possible transmission route of two patients who fed and cared for farm-raised fur animals in a mink farm was explored. METHOD An epidemiological investigation and a genetic analysis of patients, animals and working environment were carried out. RESULTS It was found that two patients had not been bitten by ticks and had no contact with patients infected with SFTS virus, but both of them had skinned the dying animals. 54.55% (12/22) of the farm workers were positive for SFTS virus antibody. By analyzing the large, medium and small segments sequences, the viral sequences from the two patients, animals and environments showed 99.9% homology. CONCLUSION It is suspected that the two patients may be directly infected by farm-raised animals, and that the virus may have been transmitted by aerosols when skinning dying animals. Transmission by direct blood contacts or animal bites cannot be ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizhao Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chunping Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Microbiology Laboratory Department, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shunzeng Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Wendeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhefeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Wendeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Linqing Xiu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Nianchen Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Huajiang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 5A-1 Nanyuan Rd, Huancui District, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghui Yang
- Weihai Health Commission, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- Microbiology Laboratory Department, Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nam HK, Min KD, Jo S, Cho SI. Association of Deforestation With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:1730-1738. [PMID: 37265042 PMCID: PMC10733741 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus was first isolated in China in 2009 and has since spread to several Asian countries. SFTS is closely related to environmental factors that accelerate vector growth. We evaluated the associations of SFTS and deforestation with environmental variables. METHODS For this observational study, we generated multiple Poisson models using national SFTS outbreak data (2013-2018) and official environmental data for Korea. We included established risk factors as variables. Deforestation was used as the main variable. All variables were analyzed according to their spatial characteristics using the R-INLA package. RESULTS SFTS cases increased over time and peaked in 2017, at 272, followed by a decrease in 2018. Disease mapping showed a high incidence of SFTS nationwide, with particular risks in Gangwon and Gyeonggi Provinces in the north, and Jeju in the south of South Korea. Deforestation was significantly associated with a higher risk of SFTS in the final model (relative risk, 1.751 [95% confidence interval, 1.125-2.743]). CONCLUSIONS SFTS outbreaks are associated with deforestation. Therefore, deforestation in Gyeonggi, Gangwon, and Jeju provinces of South Korea needs to be considered in vector-control strategies and active surveillance of SFTS occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-kyoung Nam
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Kyung-Duk Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University
| | - Suyoung Jo
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Sung-il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan Q, Tian X, Pang B, Zhang Y, Xiao C, Yao M, Ding S, Zhang X, Jiang X, Kou Z. Spatiotemporal distribution and environmental influences of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Shandong Province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:891. [PMID: 38124061 PMCID: PMC10731860 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease discovered in China in 2009. The purpose of this study was to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS and to identify its environmental influencing factors and potential high-risk areas in Shandong Province, China. METHODS Data on the SFTS incidence from 2010 to 2021 were collected. Spatiotemporal scan statistics were used to identify the time and area of SFTS clustering. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to analyse environmental influences and predict high-risk areas. RESULTS From 2010 to 2021, a total of 5705 cases of SFTS were reported in Shandong. The number of SFTS cases increased yearly, with a peak incidence from April to October each year. Spatiotemporal scan statistics showed the existence of one most likely cluster and two secondary likely clusters in Shandong. The most likely cluster was in the eastern region, from May to October 2021. The first secondary cluster was in the central region, from May to October 2021. The second secondary cluster was in the southeastern region, from May to September 2020. The MaxEnt model showed that the mean annual wind speed, NDVI, cattle density and annual cumulative precipitation were the key factors influencing the occurrence of SFTS. The predicted risk map showed that the area of high prevalence was 28,120 km2, accounting for 18.05% of the total area of the province. CONCLUSIONS The spatiotemporal distribution of SFTS was heterogeneous and influenced by multidimensional environmental factors. This should be considered as a basis for delineating SFTS risk areas and developing SFTS prevention and control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Duan
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
- Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Chuanhao Xiao
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Mingxiao Yao
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Shujun Ding
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim EH, Park SJ. Emerging Tick-Borne Dabie bandavirus: Virology, Epidemiology, and Prevention. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2309. [PMID: 37764153 PMCID: PMC10536723 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), caused by Dabie bandavirus (SFTSV), is an emerging infectious disease first identified in China. Since its discovery, infections have spread throughout East Asian countries primarily through tick bites but also via transmission between animals and humans. The expanding range of ticks, the primary vectors for SFTSV, combined with migration patterns of tick-carrying birds, sets the stage for the global spread of this virus. SFTSV rapidly evolves due to continuous mutation and reassortment; currently, no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs are available. Thus, the threat this virus poses to global health is unmistakable. This review consolidates the most recent research on SFTSV, including its molecular characteristics, transmission pathways through ticks and other animals, as well as the progress in antiviral drug and vaccine development, encompassing animal models and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ha Kim
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-Emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Division of Life Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu T, Zhang N, Li H, Hou S, Liu X. Analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cluster in east China. Virol J 2023; 20:199. [PMID: 37658435 PMCID: PMC10474674 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a common tick-borne, natural focal disease. SFTS virus (SFTSV) transmission can occur between family members through close contact with an infected patient. In this study, we explored the possible transmission route of an outbreak cluster in east China. METHOD A case-control study was carried out to analyze the potential risk factors for person-to-person transmission. Bunia virus was detected by IgM antibody, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Chi-square, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to calculate the association of possible risk factors for SFTSV transmission. RESULTS Two patients had a clear history of blood and aerosols contact, and one may be exposed to aerosols in a closed environment. Five close contacts of the Index patient were IgM-positive and three were IgM and SFTSV RNA positive. Exposure to a poorly ventilated space where the corpse was stored (χ2 = 5.49, P = 0.019) and contact with the Index patient's contaminated items (χ2 = 15.77, P < 0.001) significantly associated with SFTSV infection. CONCLUSION We suspect that the cluster outbreak was possibly a person-to-person transmission of SFTSV, which may have been transmitted by directly contacting with blood of SFTS patient. The propagation of aerosols in closed environments is also an undeniable transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Fuhou Rd, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Fuhou Rd, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Haiwen Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhaoyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shuting Hou
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Fuhou Rd, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong Province, P. R. China.
| | - Xiuwei Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Fuhou Rd, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong Province, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo N, Li M, Xu M, Shi C, Shi X, Ni R, Chen Y, Zheng L, Tu Y, Hu D, Yu C, Li Q, Lu Y. Research Progress of Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. INTENSIVE CARE RESEARCH 2023; 3:1-10. [PMID: 37360310 PMCID: PMC10033304 DOI: 10.1007/s44231-023-00035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new infectious disease first discovered in Ta-pieh Mountains in central China in 2009. It is caused by a novel bunyavirus infection (SFTSV). Since the first discovery of SFTSV, there have been case reports and epidemiological studies on SFTS in several East Asian countries, such as South Korea, Japan, Vietnam and so on. With the rising incidence of SFTS and the rapid spread of the novel bunyavirus around the world, it is clear that the virus has a pandemic potential and may pose a threat to global public health in the future. Early studies have suggested that ticks are an important medium for the transmission of SFTSV to humans; in recent years, it has been reported that there is also human-to-human transmission. In endemic areas, potential hosts include a variety of livestock and wildlife. When people are infected with SFTV, the main clinical manifestations are high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, liver and kidney function damage, and even MODS, with a mortality rate of about 10-30%. This article reviews the latest progress of novel bunyavirus, including virus transmission vector, virus genotypic diversity and epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luo
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Mengdie Li
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Ming Xu
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Chuanchuan Shi
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Xinge Shi
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Rong Ni
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Yu Chen
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Liang Zheng
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Yuling Tu
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Dan Hu
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Chunlin Yu
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Qingying Li
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| | - Yibin Lu
- General ICU, Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xinyang, 464000 Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang S, Li Z, Zhang N, Wang X, Qin Y, Xie W, Bao C, Hu J. Epidemiological and spatiotemporal analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Eastern China, 2011-2021. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:508. [PMID: 36927782 PMCID: PMC10019416 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease, which is caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) with high fatality. Recently, the incidence of SFTS increased obviously in Jiangsu Province. However, the systematic and complete analysis of spatiotemporal patterns and clusters coupled with epidemiological characteristics of SFTS have not been reported so far. METHODS Data on SFTS cases were collected during 2011-2021. The changing epidemiological characteristics of SFTS were analyzed by adopting descriptive statistical methods. GeoDa 1.18 was applied for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and SaTScan 10.0 was used to identify spatio-temporal clustering of cases. The results were visualized in ArcMap. RESULTS The annual incidence of SFTS increased in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2021. Most cases (72.4%) occurred during May and August with the obvious peak months. Elderly farmers accounted for most cases, among which both males and females were susceptible. The spatial autocorrelation and spatio-temporal clustering analysis indicated that the distribution of SFTS was not random but clustered in space and time. The most likely cluster was observed in the western region of Jiangsu Province and covered one county (Xuyi county) (Relative risk = 8.18, Log likelihood ratio = 122.645, P < 0.001) located in southwestern Jiangsu Province from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. The Secondary cluster also covered one county (Lishui county) (Relative risk = 7.70, Log likelihood ratio = 94.938, P < 0.001) from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. CONCLUSIONS The annual number of SFTS cases showed an increasing tendency in Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2021. Our study elucidated regions with SFTS clusters by means of ArcGIS in combination with spatial analysis. The results demonstrated solid evidences for the orientation of limited sanitary resources, surveillance in high-risk regions and early warning of epidemic seasons in future prevention and control of SFTS in Jiangsu Province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Liang
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanfang Qin
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Changjun Bao
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianli Hu
- Acute Infectious disease control and prevention institute, Jiangsu Provincial center for disease control and prevention, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu W, Dai K, Wang T, Zhang H, Wu J, Liu W, Fang L. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome incidence could be associated with ecotone between forest and cultivated land in rural settings of central China. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102085. [PMID: 36435169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging tick-borne disease first reported in rural areas of central China, has become a major public health concern in endemic areas. The epidemic dynamic and ecologic factors of SFTS incidence at a village scale remain unclear. Here we analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS cases in Shangcheng County, the first reported areas of SFTS in China. A retrospective space-time cluster analysis was conducted to identify the dynamics of hotspot areas, and the negative binomial regression model was conducted to examine potential factors contributing to the incidence of SFTS at the village level. A total of 1,219 SFTS cases were reported in Shangcheng County from 2011 to 2020, with a case fatality rate of 12.0%. The median age of patients was 64 years, and 81.7% of patients were over 50 years old. Women accounted for 60.3% of all cases, and the incidence rate was significantly higher than that of men (Pearson χ2 test, P<0.001). Five spatial-temporal clusters were identified, and mostly distributed in the central part of the county. Higher risk of SFTS incidence was shown in villages with higher percentage coverages of forest and tea plantation, and higher goat density. In villages where the ratio of cultivated land area to forest land area was between 0.2 and 1.2, the risk of SFTS incidence increased significantly, with an incidence rate ratio of 1.33 (95% CI: 1.04‒1.72, p = 0.024). Our findings indicated that ecotone between forest and cultivated land might be the most important risk settings for exposure and infection with SFTS virus in endemic areas of central China. Precise identification of risk factors and high-risk areas at a suitable scale is conducive to carrying out targeted measures and improving the surveillance of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanshuang Liu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Ke Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
| | - Liqun Fang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and its relationship with meteorological factors in Liaoning Province, China. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:283. [PMID: 35933453 PMCID: PMC9357322 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), one kind of tick-borne acute infectious disease, is caused by a novel bunyavirus. The relationship between meteorological factors and infectious diseases is a hot topic of current research. Liaoning Province has reported a high incidence of SFTS in recent years. However, the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS and its relationship with meteorological factors in the province remain largely unexplored. Methods Data on reported SFTS cases were collected from 2011 to 2019. Epidemiological characteristics of SFTS were analyzed. Spearman’s correlation test and generalized linear models (GLM) were used to identify the relationship between meteorological factors and the number of SFTS cases. Results From 2011 to 2019, the incidence showed an overall upward trend in Liaoning Province, with the highest incidence in 2019 (0.35/100,000). The incidence was slightly higher in males (55.9%, 438/783), and there were more SFTS patients in the 60–69 age group (31.29%, 245/783). Dalian City and Dandong City had the largest number of cases of SFTS (87.99%, 689/783). The median duration from the date of illness onset to the date of diagnosis was 8 days [interquartile range (IQR): 4–13 days]. Spearman correlation analysis and GLM showed that the number of SFTS cases was positively correlated with monthly average rainfall (rs = 0.750, P < 0.001; β = 0.285, P < 0.001), monthly average relative humidity (rs = 0.683, P < 0.001; β = 0.096, P < 0.001), monthly average temperature (rs = 0.822, P < 0.001; β = 0.154, P < 0.001), and monthly average ground temperature (rs = 0.810, P < 0.001; β = 0.134, P < 0.001), while negatively correlated with monthly average air pressure (rs = −0.728, P < 0.001; β = −0.145, P < 0.001), and monthly average wind speed (rs = −0.272, P < 0.05; β = −1.048, P < 0.001). By comparing both correlation coefficients and regression coefficients between the number of SFTS cases (dependent variable) and meteorological factors (independent variables), no significant differences were observed when considering immediate cases and cases with lags of 1 to 5 weeks for dependent variables. Based on the forward and backward stepwise GLM regression, the monthly average air pressure, monthly average temperature, monthly average wind speed, and time sequence were selected as relevant influences on the number of SFTS cases. Conclusion The annual incidence of SFTS increased year on year in Liaoning Province. Incidence of SFTS was affected by several meteorological factors, including monthly average air pressure, monthly average temperature, and monthly average wind speed. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05395-4.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li JC, Zhao J, Li H, Fang LQ, Liu W. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2022; 1:40-49. [PMID: 38074982 PMCID: PMC10699716 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease caused by a novel phlebovirus (SFTS virus, SFTSV) in the family Phenuiviridae of the order Bunyavirales. The disease causes a wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms, ranging from mild febrile disease accompanied by thrombocytopenia and/or leukocytopenia to hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, multiple organ failure, and death. SFTS was first identified in China and was subsequently reported in South Korea and Japan. The case-fatality rate ranges from 2.7% to 45.7%. Older age has been consistently shown to be the most important predictor of adverse disease outcomes. Older age exacerbates disease mainly through dysregulation of host immune cells and uncontrolled inflammatory responses. Tick-to-human transmission is the primary route of human infection with SFTSV, and Haemaphysalis longicornis is the primary tick vector of SFTSV. Despite its high case-fatality rate, vaccines and antiviral therapies for SFTS are not currently available. The therapeutic efficacies of several antiviral agents against SFTSV are currently being evaluated. Ribavirin was initially identified as a potential antiviral therapy for SFTS but was subsequently found to inefficiently improve disease outcomes, especially among patients with high viral loads. Favipiravir (T705) decreased both time to clinical improvement and mortality when administered early in patients with low viral loads. Anti-inflammatory agents including corticosteroids have been proposed to play therapeutic roles. However, the efficacy of other therapeutic modalities, such as convalescent plasma, is not yet clear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang X, Zhao C, Cheng C, Zhang G, Yu T, Lawrence K, Li H, Sun J, Yang Z, Ye L, Chu H, Wang Y, Han X, Jia Y, Fan S, Kanuka H, Tanaka T, Jenkins C, Gedye K, Chandra S, Price DC, Liu Q, Choi YK, Zhan X, Zhang Z, Zheng A. Rapid Spread of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus by Parthenogenetic Asian Longhorned Ticks. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:363-372. [PMID: 35075994 PMCID: PMC8798674 DOI: 10.3201/eid2802.211532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is spreading rapidly in Asia. This virus is transmitted by the Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis), which has parthenogenetically and sexually reproducing populations. Parthenogenetic populations were found in ≥15 provinces in China and strongly correlated with the distribution of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases. However, distribution of these cases was poorly correlated with the distribution of populations of bisexual ticks. Phylogeographic analysis suggested that the parthenogenetic population spread much faster than bisexual population because colonization is independent of sexual reproduction. A higher proportion of parthenogenetic ticks was collected from migratory birds captured at an SFTSV-endemic area, implicating the contribution to the long-range movement of these ticks in China. The SFTSV susceptibility of parthenogenetic females was similar to that of bisexual females under laboratory conditions. These results suggest that parthenogenetic Asian longhorned ticks, probably transported by migratory birds, play a major role in the rapid spread of SFTSV.
Collapse
|
14
|
Single-cell landscape of peripheral immune responses to fatal SFTS. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110039. [PMID: 34818556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with high fatality. Poor prognosis of SFTS has been associated with dysregulated host immunity; however, the immune patterns associated with pathophysiology involving SFTS exacerbation remain unclear. Here, we show that the single-cell landscape of peripheral immune responses is reprogrammed in SFTS and characterized by monocyte shift to an intermediate type along with complement activation, perturbation of plasmablast composition, and highly exhausted T cells, all correlated with lethal consequences. We identify the overexpression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes across most immune cell types after SFTSV infection, which are simultaneously related to older age, high viremia, and a hyperinflammatory response. A retrospective clinical study reveals no efficiency of IFN-α in treating SFTS. These data collectively support the intermediate monocytes and IFN-I-inducible plasmablasts to be major targets for SFTS virus infection, and they indicate the pivotal role of the IFN-I response in exacerbating hyperinflammation and lethal SFTS.
Collapse
|
15
|
Fei X, Fang K, Ni X, Ren WH. Risk Factors of Neurological Complications in Severe Fever Patients with Thrombolytic Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study in China. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932836. [PMID: 34744159 PMCID: PMC8588710 DOI: 10.12659/msm.932836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome is a serious insect-borne infectious disease caused by the Huaiyangshanbanyang virus. We conducted a retrospective study to identify risk factors for neurological complications caused by the virus. Material/Methods We included 121 patients who had severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and were admitted to our hospital from 2013 to 2020. Patients’ laboratory test results and clinical data were collected. Univariate and multivariate regression were used for statistical analysis. Results Patients with neurological complications had higher mortality rates and longer hospital stays and disease duration than did patients without neurological complications. The neurological symptoms with the highest incidence rates were involuntary tremors (tongue and mandible), cognitive disorder, and limb tremors. Patients with neurological complications had a higher incidence of abnormal heart rhythms. Subcutaneous bleeding, pulmonary rales, percentage of neutrophils, increased lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein levels, and decreased chloride ion concentration were closely related to the occurrence of neurological complications. The significant decrease in chloride ion concentration within 1 to 5 days of disease onset may be a risk factor for predicting the occurrence of neurological complications in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Conclusions Early monitoring of subcutaneous bleeding, pulmonary rales, electrocardiogram changes, and biochemical indicators in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome can predict the occurrence of neurological complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kai Fang
- Department of Vertigo Medicine, Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiuying Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang Affiliated to Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wan-Hua Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Casel MA, Park SJ, Choi YK. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus: emerging novel phlebovirus and their control strategy. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:713-722. [PMID: 33953322 PMCID: PMC8178303 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An emerging infectious disease first identified in central China in 2009, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was found to be caused by a novel phlebovirus. Since SFTSV was first identified, epidemics have occurred in several East Asian countries. With the escalating incidence of SFTS and the rapid, worldwide spread of SFTSV vector, it is clear this virus has pandemic potential and presents an impending global public health threat. In this review, we concisely summarize the latest findings regarding SFTSV, including vector and virus transmission, genotype diversity and epidemiology, probable pathogenic mechanism, and clinical presentation of human SFTS. Ticks most likely transmit SFTSV to animals including humans; however, human-to-human transmission has been reported. The majority of arbovirus transmission cycle includes vertebrate hosts, and potential reservoirs include a variety of both domestic and wild animals. Reports of the seroprevalence of SFTSV in both wild and domestic animals raises the probability that domestic animals act as amplifying hosts for the virus. Major clinical manifestation of human SFTS infection is high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and a high case-fatality rate. Several animal models were developed to further understand the pathogenesis of the virus and aid in the discovery of therapeutics and preventive measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Anthony Casel
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Park
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li A, Liu L, Wu W, Liu Y, Huang X, Li C, Liu D, Li J, Wang S, Li D, Liang M. Molecular evolution and genetic diversity analysis of SFTS virus based on next-generation sequencing. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
18
|
Sato Y, Mekata H, Sudaryatma PE, Kirino Y, Yamamoto S, Ando S, Sugimoto T, Okabayashi T. Isolation of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus from Various Tick Species in Area with Human Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Cases. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2021; 21:378-384. [PMID: 33535015 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by Dabie bandavirus, generally called SFTS virus (SFTSV), is an emerging zoonosis in East Asia. In Japan, 50-100 cases of SFTS have been reported each year since the first case was reported in 2013. SFTS is a tick-borne infectious disease, and SFTSV has been isolated from ticks in China and South Korea. Haemaphysalis longicornis and Amblyomma testudinarium are considered the primary vectors in Japan. However, the other tick species seldom feeding on humans might also play an important role in maintaining the virus in nature. In this study, we collected ticks on vegetation around the location where two SFTS patients were estimated to have been infected in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, isolated live SFTSV, and performed a phylogenetic analysis. A total of 257 ticks were collected, and SFTSV RNA was detected in 19.5% (9/46) of tick pools. A total of 10 infectious SFTSVs were successfully isolated from A. testudinarium, Haemaphysalis flava, Haemaphysalis formosensis, Haemaphysalis hystricis, and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa. Furthermore, the whole viral sequences isolated from ticks were highly homologous to sequences isolated from SFTS patients in the same sampling area in the past. These results suggest that SFTSVs are maintained in these tick species in the sampling area and sporadically transmitted to humans. Surveillance of SFTSV in ticks provides important information about the risk of incidental transmission to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Sato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Mekata
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Putu Eka Sudaryatma
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yumi Kirino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Seigo Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Ando
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun JM, Wu HX, Lu L, Liu Y, Mao ZY, Ren JP, Yao WW, Qu HH, Liu QY. Factors associated with spatial distribution of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141522. [PMID: 32846249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) was firstly identified in mainland China in 2009 and the geographic distribution has expanded in recent years. In this study, we constructed ecological niche models (ENM) of SFTS with meteorological factors, environmental factor, and density of domestic animals using MaxEnt. We found four significant associated factors including altitude, yearly average temperature, yearly accumulated precipitation, and yearly average relative humidity which accounted for 94.1% percent contribution. SFTS occurrence probability was high when altitude was between -100 m and 100 m, and the probability was nearly 0 when altitude was beyond 3000 m. Response curves of SFTS to the yearly average temperature, yearly accumulated precipitation, and yearly average relative humidity were all reversed V-shape. SFTS occurrence probability was high where the yearly average temperature, yearly accumulated precipitation, and yearly relative humidity were 12.5-17.5 °C, 700-2250 mm and 63-82%, respectively. ENMs predicted that the potential high-risk areas were mainly distributed in eastern areas and central areas of China. But there were some predicted potential high-risk areas where no SFTS case was reported up to date. More researches should be done to make clear whether SFTS case had occurred in these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Sun
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Hai-Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | | | - Jiang-Ping Ren
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Wen-Wu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Hong-Hua Qu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China.
| | - Qi-Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Baseline mapping of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virology, epidemiology and vaccine research and development. NPJ Vaccines 2020; 5:111. [PMID: 33335100 PMCID: PMC7746727 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a newly emergent tick-borne bunyavirus first discovered in 2009 in China. SFTSV is a growing public health problem that may become more prominent owing to multiple competent tick-vectors and the expansion of human populations in areas where the vectors are found. Although tick-vectors of SFTSV are found in a wide geographic area, SFTS cases have only been reported from China, South Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. Patients with SFTS often present with high fever, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and in some cases, symptoms can progress to severe outcomes, including hemorrhagic disease. Reported SFTSV case fatality rates range from ~5 to >30% depending on the region surveyed, with more severe disease reported in older individuals. Currently, treatment options for this viral infection remain mostly supportive as there are no licensed vaccines available and research is in the discovery stage. Animal models for SFTSV appear to recapitulate many facets of human disease, although none of the models mirror all clinical manifestations. There are insufficient data available on basic immunologic responses, the immune correlate(s) of protection, and the determinants of severe disease by SFTSV and related viruses. Many aspects of SFTSV virology and epidemiology are not fully understood, including a detailed understanding of the annual numbers of cases and the vertebrate host of the virus, so additional research on this disease is essential towards the development of vaccines and therapeutics.
Collapse
|
21
|
Miao D, Dai K, Zhao GP, Li XL, Shi WQ, Zhang JS, Yang Y, Liu W, Fang LQ. Mapping the global potential transmission hotspots for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome by machine learning methods. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:817-826. [PMID: 32212956 PMCID: PMC7241453 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1748521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with increasing spread. Currently SFTS transmission has expanded beyond Asian countries, however, with definitive global extents and risk patterns remained obscure. Here we established an exhaustive database that included globally reported locations of human SFTS cases and the competent vector, Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis), as well as the explanatory environmental variables, based on which, the potential geographic range of H. longicornis and risk areas for SFTS were mapped by applying two machine learning methods. Ten predictors were identified contributing to global distribution for H. longicornis with relative contribution ≥1%. Outside contemporary known distribution, we predict high receptivity to H. longicornis across two continents, including northeastern USA, New Zealand, parts of Australia, and several Pacific islands. Eight key drivers of SFTS cases occurrence were identified, including elevation, predicted probability of H. longicornis presence, two temperature-related factors, two precipitation-related factors, the richness of mammals and percentage coverage of water bodies. The globally model-predicted risk map of human SFTS occurrence was created and validated effective for discriminating the actual affected and unaffected areas (median predictive probability 0.74 vs. 0.04, P < 0.001) in three countries with reported cases outside China. The high-risk areas (probability ≥50%) were predicted mainly in east-central China, most parts of the Korean peninsula and southern Japan, and northern New Zealand. Our findings highlight areas where an intensive vigilance for potential SFTS spread or invasion events should be advocated, owing to their high receptibility to H. longicornis distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Lou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiu Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang X, Qi C, Zhang DD, Li CY, Zheng ZL, Wang PZ, Xu QQ, Ding SJ, Li XJ. Epidemic character and environmental factors in epidemic areas of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Shandong Province. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 12:101593. [PMID: 33096512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging lethal tick-borne disease that has been widely prevalent in East Asia in recent years, and raised an important public health problem in China. However, a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the current SFTS epidemic areas in Shandong Province is not available. Accordingly, a descriptive analysis was applied to explore the demographic and spatio-temporal features of SFTS cases in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2015. The division between epidemic areas and non-epidemic areas was given by maximum entropy niche model (MaxEnt) based on environmental factors such as temperature and precipitation. There were 1,786 SFTS cases between 2010 and 2015 in Shandong, mainly involving middle-aged and elderly individuals (age:40-80) and farmers (84.6 %). May-October was the high-incidence period and the SFTS cases were mostly clustered in the central and eastern regions of Shandong Province. In light of MaxEnt, 3 specific environmental features between dichotomous areas were identified, including 1) most epidemic areas are covered by acidic soils (Constituent ratio: 63.8 %) while 29.1 % coverage appears in non-epidemic areas, 2) compared with non-epidemic areas, the identical kinds of agricultural areas accounted for a higher constituent ratio (64.9 % vs. 42.7 %), and 3) lower level of annual temperature in epidemic areas compared to non-epidemic areas [Median: 13.2℃ vs. 14.2℃; (25th IQR, 75th IQR): (12.5, 13.7) vs. (13.6, 14.9)]. Our study suggests middle-aged and elderly farmers are high-risk population to be focused on in future prevention and acidic soils, agricultural activities as well lower temperature that may be related to increased SFTS incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pei-Zhu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qin-Qin Xu
- Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shu-Jun Ding
- Department of Viral Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xiu-Jun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Miao D, Liu MJ, Wang YX, Ren X, Lu QB, Zhao GP, Dai K, Li XL, Li H, Zhang XA, Shi WQ, Wang LP, Yang Y, Fang LQ, Liu W. Epidemiology and Ecology of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in China, 2010‒2018. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e3851-e3858. [PMID: 33068430 PMCID: PMC8664468 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The growing epidemics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging tick-borne disease in East Asia, and its high case fatality rate have raised serious public health concerns. Methods Surveillance data on laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases in China were collected. The spatiotemporal dynamics and epidemiological features were explored. The socioeconomic and environmental drivers were identified for SFTS diffusion using survival analysis and for SFTS persistence using a two-stage generalized boosted regression tree model. Results During 2010‒2018, a total of 7721 laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases were reported in China, with an overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 10.5%. The average annual incidence increased >20 times and endemic areas expanded from 27 to 1574 townships, whereas the CFR declined from 19% to 10% during this period. Four geographical clusters—the Changbai Mountain area, the Jiaodong Peninsula, the Taishan Mountain area, and the Huaiyangshan Mountain area—were identified. Diffusion and persistence of the disease were both driven by elevation, high coverages of woods, crops, and shrubs, and the vicinity of habitats of migratory birds but had different meteorological drivers. Residents ≥60 years old in rural areas with crop fields and tea farms were at increased risk to SFTS. Conclusions Surveillance of SFTS and intervention programs need to be targeted at areas ecologically suitability for vector ticks and in the vicinity of migratory birds to curb the growing epidemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jin Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A
| | - Yi-Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ke Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Lou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Crump A, Tanimoto T. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Japan under Threat from Life-threatening Emerging Tick-borne Disease. JMA J 2020; 3:295-302. [PMID: 33225100 PMCID: PMC7676996 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2019-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Japan, like many other parts of the world, is under threat from newly emerging, potentially fatal diseases. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), first clinically identified in 2009, is an emerging tick-borne hemorrhagic viral disease, currently limited in distribution to East Asia. Relatively little is known about the disease with an initial Case Fatality Rate ranging from 5% to 40%. It primarily affects the elderly living in rural areas, which is particularly troublesome given Japan’s rapidly aging population. Control efforts are severely hampered by lack of specific knowledge of the disease and its means of transmission, coupled with the absence of both a vaccine and an effective treatment regime, although some antiviral drugs and blood transfusions are successful in treating the disease. Despite both the causative virus and vector ticks being commonly found throughout Japan, the disease shows a very specific, limited geographical distribution for as yet unknown reasons.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu YY, Zhuang L, Liu K, Sun Y, Dai K, Zhang XA, Zhang PH, Feng ZC, Li H, Liu W. Role of three tick species in the maintenance and transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008368. [PMID: 32520966 PMCID: PMC7307786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a novel phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family, causing SFTS with high mortality rate. Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks has been demonstrated as a competent vector of SFTSV by experimental transmission study and field study. However, there has been query whether other tick species that infest human beings in the SFTS endemic regions are capable of transmitting the pathogen. Here by performing experimental transmission study, we compared the capable of transmitting SFTSV among Ixodes sinensis, Ixodes persulcatus and Dermacentor silvarum ticks. The transovarial transmission was seen in the I. sinensis ticks with a rate of 40%, but neither in I. persulcatus nor in D. silvarum ticks. I. sinensis ticks also have the ability to transmit SFTSV horizontally to uninfected mice at 7 days after feeding, but not for I. persalcatus or D. silvarum ticks. In the transstadial transmission of I. persulcatus and D. silvarum ticks, I. persulcatus ticks were tested negative from larvae to adults. But the D. silvarum ticks were tested positive from larvae to nymphs, with the positive rate of 100% (10/10) for engorged larval ticks and 81.25% (13/16) for molted nymphs. However, the mice bitten by SFTSV-infected D. silvarum nymphs were negative for SFTSV detection. Therefore, there is not enough evidence to prove the transstadial transmission of SFTSV in I. persalcatus and D. silvarum ticks. Due to its wide distribution and high fatality rate (16%-30%), severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has been listed in the top 10 priority diseases blueprint by the world health organization (WHO) in 2017. SFTSV is a novel phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family, and Haemaphysalis longicornis tick has been demonstrated as a competent vector of SFTSV by experimental transmission study and field study. However, there are many other tick species that infest human beings in the SFTS endemic regions. Therefore, it’s neccessary to query whether these tick species are capable of transmitting SFTSV. The authors found that in addition to H. longicornis ticks, Ixodes sinensis ticks also served as an efficient vector capable of transovarial transmitting SFTSV, therefore posing as a potential threat in causing the circulation of SFTSV. In contrast, Dermacentor silvarum and Ixodes persulcatus ticks might not serve as an efficient vector of transmitting SFTSV. This research will provide important reference for the surveillance of SFTSV and the disease prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhuang
- Affiliated Bayi Children’s Hospital, The 7th Medical Center of People’s Liberation Amy General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ke Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pan-He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Chun Feng
- Affiliated Bayi Children’s Hospital, The 7th Medical Center of People’s Liberation Amy General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HL); (WL)
| | - Wei Liu
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HL); (WL)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shi K, Li J, Yan Y, Chen Q, Wang K, Zhou Y, Li D, Chen Y, Yu F, Peng Y, Zhang L, Ning C. Dogs as New Hosts for the Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen Anaplasma capra in China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:394. [PMID: 31850236 PMCID: PMC6901931 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma capra is an emerging zoonotic tick-borne pathogen with a broad host range, including many mammals. Dogs have close physical interactions with humans and regular contact with the external environment. Moreover, they have been previously reported to be hosts of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, A. ovis, and A. bovis. To confirm whether dogs are also hosts of A. capra, pathogen DNA was extracted from blood samples of 521 dogs, followed by PCR amplification of the citrate synthase (gltA) gene, heat shock protein (groEL) gene, and major surface protein 4 (msp4) gene of the A. capra. A total of 12.1% (63/521) of blood samples were shown to be A. capra-positive by PCR screening. No significant differences were observed between genders (P = 0.578) or types (P = 0.154) of dogs with A. capra infections. However, significantly higher A. capra infections occurred in dogs with regular contact with vegetation (P = 0.002), those aged over 10 years (P = 0.040), and during the summer season (P = 0.006). Phylogenetic analysis based on gltA, groEL, and msp4 sequences demonstrated that the isolates obtained in this study were clustered within the A. capra clade, and were distinct from other Anaplasma species. In conclusion, dogs were shown to be a host of the human pathogenic A. capra. Considering the affinity between dogs and humans and the zoonotic tick-borne nature of A. capra, dogs should be carefully monitored for the presence of A. capra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Scientific Research Experiment Center & Laboratory Animal Center, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kunlun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuancai Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuchang Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongshuai Peng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longxian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changshen Ning
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yoo JR, Heo ST, Kim M, Song SW, Boo JW, Lee KH. Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in the Agricultural Population of Jeju Island, Korea, 2015-2017. Infect Chemother 2019; 51:337-344. [PMID: 31668024 PMCID: PMC6940373 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2019.51.4.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease that is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), and exhibits an overall mortality rate of approximately 20.0% in Korea. Most cases of this disease have been reported in Korea, East China, and Japan, and it mostly affects outdoor workers and farmers. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of SFTSV among healthy farmers on Jeju Island, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study, we analyzed 421 blood samples obtained from 254 farmers (mean age, 59.9 years; 68.9% male) to determine the seroprevalence of SFTSV in 16 rural areas of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province over a period of 3 years (January 2015-December 2017). We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies against SFTSV in the collected samples. RESULTS The seroprevalence of the SFTSV IgG among farmers on Jeju Island was observed to be 2.4%. One subject showed seropositivity over the entire 3-year study period. The areas with the highest SFTSV IgG seropositivity rates were Seonheul-ri in Jocheon-eup, followed by Namwon-eup. Fruit farmers were at a higher risk of exposure to SFTSV than other farmers. CONCLUSION The seroprevalence of SFTSV in the healthy agricultural population of Jeju Island was not high. However, personal hygiene management should be implemented for the agricultural population in the endemic areas. Surveillance of mild or asymptomatic infections is required in the endemic regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji Whan Boo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen R, Kou Z, Xu L, Cao J, Liu Z, Wen X, Wang Z, Wen H. Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of four natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province, China in 2009-2017: A descriptive analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221677. [PMID: 31454372 PMCID: PMC6711524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural-focal diseases are serious diseases that endanger human health. They threaten about 100 million people in Shandong Province, and cause illness in thousands of people each year. However, information on the epidemiological characteristics of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province has been limited. The purpose of the study was to describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province, 2009–2017. Methods We describe the incidence and distribution of four natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province using surveillance data from 2009–2017. Results From 2009–2017, 11123 cases of four natural-focal diseases including 257 deaths were reported in Shandong Province, China. The four natural-focal diseases were severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), typhus, and scrub typhus. The high-risk groups of the four diseases were farmers and the elderly. The incidence rate of scrub typhus was significantly higher in females. However, this difference was not seen in the other three diseases. The four diseases were mainly clustered in the middle-southern part of Shandong Province and the Shandong Peninsula. The annual incidence of SFTS and scrub typhus increased, typhus was relatively stable, and HGA declined. However, the range of SFTS expanded, while HGA shrunk, and typhus and scrub typhus were unchanged. The epidemic period of SFTS and HGA was from May to October, typhus was from October to November, and scrub typhus was from September to November. The fatality rates of SFTS, typhus, scrub typhus, and HGA were 9.19%, 0%, 0.01%, and 2.24%, respectively. Conclusions Our study described and analyzed the prevalence of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province, and confirmed that age was closely related to the SFTS fatality rate. This study may help to improve the understanding of the prevalence of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province in recent years and to better develop accurate prevention and control strategies for natural-focal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zengqiang Kou
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liuchen Xu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongling Wen
- Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Key laboratory for the prevention and control of infectious diseases (key laboratory of China’s “13th Five-Year”, Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Won YJ, Kang LH, Lee SG, Park SW, Han JI, Paik SY. Molecular genomic characterization of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus isolates from South Korea. J Microbiol 2019; 57:927-937. [PMID: 31376107 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-9174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne emerging infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) and is a threat to public health due to its high fatality rate. However, details on tick-to-human transmission of SFTSV are limited. In this study, we determined the whole-genome sequence of a South Korean SFTSV strain (CUK-JJ01), compared it to those of other recent human SFTSV isolates, and identified the genetic variations and relationships among the SFTSV strains. The genome of CUK-JJ01 was consistent with the genome of other members of the genus Phlebovirus, including the large (L), medium (M), and small (S) segments of 6368, 3378, and 1744 nucleotides, respectively. Based on amino acid sequences of the M and S segments, which are used to distinguish the six SFTSV genotypes, CUK-JJ01 was classified as genotype B. Segment analysis revealed that the L, M, and S segments were 97.49%, 97.18%, and 97.94% similar to those of KAJNH2/2013/Korea, ZJZHSH-FDE/2012/China, and KADGH/2013/Korea, respectively. Currently, only few studies on SFTSV have been conducted in Korean population and most were limited to serological analysis. Although the present study has limitations in terms of number of sample analyzed, the findings may serve as basis to understand the transmission and spread of SFTSV, as well as for the development of diagnostic and detection methods for viral recombinants by comparing the whole genome sequence of SFTSV isolates from South Korea and that of foreign isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jung Won
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Lae Hyung Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Geun Lee
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ik Han
- Laboratory of Wildlife Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Paik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yasuo K, Nishiura H. Spatial epidemiological determinants of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Miyazaki, Japan: a GWLR modeling study. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:498. [PMID: 31174484 PMCID: PMC6556057 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) have increasingly been observed in Miyazaki, southwest Japan. It is critical to identify and elucidate the risk factors of infection at community level. In the present study, we aimed to identify areas with a high risk of SFTS virus infection using a geospatial dataset of SFTS cases in Miyazaki. Methods Using 10 × 10-km mesh data and a geographically weighted logistic regression (GWLR) model, we examined the statistical associations between environmental variables and spatial variation in the risk of SFTS. We collected geospatial and population census data as well as forest and agriculture mesh information. Altitude and farmland were selected as two specific variables for predicting the presence of SFTS cases in a given mesh area. Results Using GWLR, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was estimated at 73.9%, outperforming the classical logistic regression model (72.4%). The sensitivity and specificity of the GWLR model were estimated at 90.9 and 58.7%, respectively. We identified altitude (odds ratio (OR) = 0.996, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.994–0.999 per one-meter elevation) and farmland (OR = 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998–1.000 per % increase) as useful negative predictors of SFTS cases in Miyazaki. Conclusions Our study findings revealed that the risk of SFTS is high in geographic areas where farmland area begins to diminish and at mid-level altitudes. Our findings can help to improve the efficiency of ecological and animal surveillance in high-risk areas. Using finer geographic resolution, such surveillance can help raise awareness among local residents in areas with a high risk of SFTS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4111-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yasuo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Sapporo, Japan.,Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, 3-1 Kita 33 Jo, Higashi 14 Chome, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Sapporo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Occi JL, Egizi AM, Robbins RG, Fonseca DM. Annotated List of the Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of New Jersey. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:589-598. [PMID: 30753552 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Standardized tick surveillance requires an understanding of which species may be present. After a thorough review of the scientific literature, as well as government documents, and careful evaluation of existing accessioned tick collections (vouchers) in museums and other repositories, we have determined that the verifiable hard tick fauna of New Jersey (NJ) currently comprises 11 species. Nine are indigenous to North America and two are invasive, including the recently identified Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis (Neumann, 1901). For each of the 11 species, we summarize NJ collection details and review their known public health and veterinary importance and available information on seasonality. Separately considered are seven additional species that may be present in the state or become established in the future but whose presence is not currently confirmed with NJ vouchers. We compare our list of hard ticks in NJ with those from neighboring states (Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland), discuss the importance of vouchers in tick research and surveillance, and examine the likelihood and public health consequences of additional hard tick species becoming established in NJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James L Occi
- Center for Vector Biology, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick
| | - Andrea M Egizi
- Center for Vector Biology, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick
- Tick-borne Diseases Laboratory, Monmouth County Mosquito Control Division, Tinton Falls
| | - Richard G Robbins
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, MSC, MRC, Suitland
| | - Dina M Fonseca
- Center for Vector Biology, Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen C, Li P, Li KF, Wang HL, Dai YX, Cheng X, Yan JB. Animals as amplification hosts in the spread of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 79:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
33
|
Yang L, Zhao Z, Hou G, Zhang C, Liu J, Xu L, Li W, Tan Z, Tu C, He B. Genomes and seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus in Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks and goats in Hubei, China. Virology 2019; 529:234-245. [PMID: 30738361 PMCID: PMC7127444 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ticks are medically-important arthropods that maintain and transmit numerous emerging viruses. China suffers severely from tick-borne viral diseases such as tick-borne encephalitis and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), but the background of tick-borne viruses is very limited. Here we report the virome profiling of ticks and goat sera from SFTS-epidemic areas, and serological investigation of SFTS virus (SFTSV) and Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV). Results revealed divergent viruses in ticks and goat sera, including SFTSV and NSDV. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that the SFTSV identified here was most closely related to human SFTSV in sampling and surrounding areas, and the NSDV to the previously identified NSDV from northeast China. Serological investigation of SFTSV infection in goats revealed intensive activity in those areas. Surprisingly, two different methods of NSDV serological investigation showed no sera positive for this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling'En Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guobin Hou
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center of Xiaolin Town, Suizhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Centers for Animal Disease Control and Prevention of Suixian County, Suizhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Animal Health Inspection Institute of Xiangyang, Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhizhou Tan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Changchun Tu
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Biao He
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jung IY, Choi W, Kim J, Wang E, Park SW, Lee WJ, Choi JY, Kim HY, Uh Y, Kim YK. Nosocomial person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 25:633.e1-633.e4. [PMID: 30677496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is an epidemiologic investigation of nosocomial severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) transmission among healthcare workers (HCWs) after contact with an index patient. The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to blood or bloody respiratory secretion is associated with human-to-human transmission of SFTSV. METHODS Eleven days after the index patient died, two HCWs who had close exposure to the patient presented with typical symptoms of SFTS. An epidemiological investigation was conducted on all 25 HCWs who had been in close contact with the index patient. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and transmission rate before and after the index patient had haemorrhagic manifestations was analysed. RESULTS Among 25 HCWs who had direct contact with the index patient, five HCWs were confirmed to have SFTS. All five HCWs had contact to blood or bloody respiratory secretions of the index patient without adequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE). No HCW with contact before haemorrhagic manifestations of the index patient contracted SFTS. Overall, the transmission rate was higher for HCWs who had contact after the index patient had haemorrhagic manifestations (33.3%, five of 15 HCWs, vs. 0%, zero of ten HCWs, p 0.041). CONCLUSIONS In HCWs who are inadequately protected, person-to-person transmission of SFTSV may be associated with contact with blood or bloody respiratory secretions. Therefore, universal precaution and full PPE is highly recommended for protection against SFTSV when there are signs of bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - W Choi
- Division of Arboviruses, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - E Wang
- Division of Arboviruses, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - S-W Park
- Division of Arboviruses, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - W-J Lee
- Division of Arboviruses, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Y Uh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Molecular detection of viruses causing hemorrhagic fevers in rodents in the south-west of Korea. J Neurovirol 2019; 25:239-247. [PMID: 30635845 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many pathogens causing hemorrhagic fevers of medical and veterinary importance have been identified and isolated from rodents in the Republic of Korea (ROK). We investigated the occurrence of emerging viruses causing hemorrhagic fevers, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), and flaviviruses, from wild rodents. Striped field mice, Apodemus agrarius (n = 39), were captured during 2014-2015 in the south-west of ROK. Using molecular methods, lung samples were evaluated for SFTS virus, hantavirus, and flavivirus, and seropositivity was evaluated in the blood. A high positive rate of hantavirus (46.2%) was detected in A. agrarius lungs by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-N-PCR). The monthly occurrence of hantavirus was 16.7% in October, 86.7% in November, and 25% in August of the following year (p < 0.001). Moreover, 17.9% of blood samples were serologically positive for hantavirus antibodies. The most prevalent strain in A. agrarius was Hantaan virus. All samples were positive for neither SFTS virus nor flavivirus. Hantaan virus was detected in 86.7% of A. agrarius in November (autumn), and thus, virus shedding from A. agrarius can increase the risk of humans contracting HFRS. These findings may help to predict and prevent disease outbreaks in ROK.
Collapse
|
36
|
Jo YS, Kang JG, Chae JB, Cho YK, Shin JH, Jheong WH, Chae JS. Prevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Ticks Collected from National Parks in Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2018; 19:284-289. [PMID: 30481146 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging viral disease in East Asian countries, including China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea (ROK). The causative agent of SFTS is the SFTS virus (SFTSV), which is transmitted by ticks. To investigate the prevalence of SFTSV in the ROK, a total of 9744 ticks were collected from vegetation in five national parks between July and November 2015. Of the collected adult and nymph ticks, Haemaphysalis longicornis (68.44%) was the most abundant, followed by Haemaphysalis flava (29.66%), Ixodes nipponensis (1.56%), and Amblyomma testudinarium (0.34%). Collected larval ticks were of the genera Haemaphysalis (99.61%) and Ixodes (0.39%). One-step RT-PCR and nested PCR were used to detect SFTSV-specific genes from each individual adult and nymph tick and pooled larval ticks. SFTSV was detected in 4.77% (48/1006) in H. longicornis, 1.15% (5/436) in H. flava, 0% (0/23) in I. nipponensis, and 20% (1/5) in A. testudinarium. The infection rate of SFTSV in adult and nymph ticks was 3.61%. The prevalence of SFTSV in adult and nymph ticks was relatively high, compared with previous reports. In larval ticks, the minimum infection rate was 0.31%. SFTSV was detected in ticks collected from both trail and nontrail areas in the national parks, and up to 800 meters above sea level. The sequences obtained showed 99.4-99.7% homology with SFTS virus S segment sequences from Chinese and Japanese ticks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Jo
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute of Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute of Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Byoung Chae
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute of Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute of Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Shin
- 2 Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Hwa Jheong
- 2 Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 Plus Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute of Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Community-based comprehensive measures to prevent severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, China. Int J Infect Dis 2018; 73:63-66. [PMID: 29894732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV) of the family Bunyaviridae. Since the virus was first isolated in 2009, it has become widespread in China, with an increasing number of cases year on year. Although the disease has been researched extensively in past years, there are still no effective measures to suppress the epidemic situation. This article reports a pilot study of comprehensive measures, including health education and risk communication, weed removal, livestock management, and tick control, to prevent this emerging disease in an endemic region of China. The density of ticks decreased dramatically month by month after acaricides were sprayed in the areas surrounding recreational and agricultural settings. The number of SFTS cases and villages involved declined in the years after the integrated measures were applied. Comprehensive measures, especially community-based tick control, may be a promising means of preventing SFTS in endemic regions.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Climate change is expected to impact across every domain of society, including health. The majority of the world's population is susceptible to pathological, infectious disease whose life cycles are sensitive to environmental factors across different physical phases including air, water and soil. Nearly all so-called neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) fall into this category, meaning that future geographic patterns of transmission of dozens of infections are likely to be affected by climate change over the short (seasonal), medium (annual) and long (decadal) term. This review offers an introduction into the terms and processes deployed in modelling climate change and reviews the state of the art in terms of research into how climate change may affect future transmission of NTDs. The 34 infections included in this chapter are drawn from the WHO NTD list and the WHO blueprint list of priority diseases. For the majority of infections, some evidence is available of which environmental factors contribute to the population biology of parasites, vectors and zoonotic hosts. There is a general paucity of published research on the potential effects of decadal climate change, with some exceptions, mainly in vector-borne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Booth
- Newcastle University, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sun J, Lu L, Wu H, Yang J, Liu K, Liu Q. Spatiotemporal patterns of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China, 2011-2016. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 9:927-933. [PMID: 29606619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging and the number of SFTS cases have increased year by year in China. However, spatiotemporal patterns and trends of SFTS are less clear up to date. In order to explore spatiotemporal patterns and predict SFTS incidences, we analyzed temporal trends of SFTS using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, spatial patterns, and spatiotemporal clusters of SFTS cases at the county level based on SFTS data in China during 2011-2016. We determined the optimal time series model was ARIMA (2, 0, 1) × (0, 0, 1)12 which fitted the SFTS cases reasonably well during the training process and forecast process. In the spatial clustering analysis, the global autocorrelation suggested that SFTS cases were not of random distribution. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis of SFTS identified foci mainly concentrated in Hubei Province, Henan Province, Anhui Province, Shandong Province, Liaoning Province, and Zhejiang Province. A most likely cluster including 21 counties in Henan Province and Hubei Province was observed in the central region of China from April 2015 to August 2016. Our results will provide a sound evidence base for future prevention and control programs of SFTS such as allocation of the health resources, surveillance in high-risk regions, health education, improvement of diagnosis and so on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sun J, Lu L, Yang J, Liu K, Wu H, Liu Q. Association between Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Incidence and Ambient Temperature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 98:1478-1483. [PMID: 29557340 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging in China. To explore the lagged effects and nonlinear association between temperature and SFTS, we collected data on ambient temperature and SFTS cases and analyzed the data using a distributed lag nonlinear model. A total of 1,933 SFTS cases were reported in the study area from 2011 to 2015. Our study revealed a nonlinear relationship between weekly temperature and SFTS. The exposure-response curve was an approximately reversed U-shaped peak at 23°C. High temperatures had acute and short-term effects, whereas low temperatures had persistent and long-term effects. The effects of lower temperatures (1.62°C and 6.97°C) could last 24 weeks, but the effect of 29.30°C was not significant at lag 8 weeks. Our results provide information to better understand the effect of temperature variation on SFTS and may have policy implications for disease prevention and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bosco-Lauth AM, Calvert AE, Root JJ, Gidlewski T, Bird BH, Bowen RA, Muehlenbachs A, Zaki SR, Brault AC. Vertebrate Host Susceptibility to Heartland Virus. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 22:2070-2077. [PMID: 27869591 PMCID: PMC5189141 DOI: 10.3201/eid2212.160472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-infected Ag129 mice could be a useful model for identifying tick infection or virus transmission. Heartland virus (HRTV) is a recently described phlebovirus initially isolated in 2009 from 2 humans who had leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Serologic assessment of domestic and wild animal populations near the residence of 1 of these persons showed high exposure rates to raccoons, white-tailed deer, and horses. To our knowledge, no laboratory-based assessments of viremic potential of animals infected with HRTV have been performed. We experimentally inoculated several vertebrates (raccoons, goats, chickens, rabbits, hamsters, C57BL/6 mice, and interferon-α/β/γ receptor–deficient [Ag129]) mice with this virus. All animals showed immune responses against HRTV after primary or secondary exposure. However, neutralizing antibody responses were limited. Only Ag129 mice showed detectable viremia and associated illness and death, which were dose dependent. Ag129 mice also showed development of mean peak viral antibody titers >8 log10 PFU/mL, hemorrhagic hepatic lesions, splenomegaly, and large amounts of HRTV antigen in mononuclear cells and hematopoietic cells in the spleen.
Collapse
|
42
|
The Regulation of Seventeen Inflammatory Mediators are Associated with Patient Outcomes in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:159. [PMID: 29317732 PMCID: PMC5760584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) as an emerging infection disease results in high morbidity and mortality in China. In this study, the circulating levels of 36 inflammatory mediators in 33 SFTS patients on days 3–7, 8–12 and 13–20 post-illness were measured by a multiplex Luminex® system dynamically. Among the patients, 15 severe patients recovered, 11 severe patients died within three weeks. We found IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-15, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, G-CSF, eotaxin, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β and fractalkine were significantly upregulated in SFTS patients. Elevated IL-15 and eotaxin in SFTS patients were reported firstly. The highest levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines coexisted in fatal patients during the first week. Inflammatory mediators remained high levels when death occurred in fatal patients, they were recovered within three weeks in nonfatal patients. Our results showed the occurrence of inflammatory storm in SFTS patients were associated with the severity of SFTS. RANTES and PDGF were down regulated and remained significantly lower levels in fatal patients throughout the course of disease, the concentrations of RANTES and PDGF were remarkably positively correlated with the platelet count. Our results demonstrated that dysregulated inflammatory response was associated with disease pathogenesis and mortality in SFTS patients.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sun J, Lu L, Wu H, Yang J, Ren J, Liu Q. The changing epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China, 2011-2016. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9236. [PMID: 28835633 PMCID: PMC5569157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging and the number of SFTS cases increased year by year in China. In order to explore the epidemiology trend, we analyzed the changing epidemiological characteristics of SFTS cases in different years and compare characteristics in different provinces. From 2011 to 2016, a total of 5360 laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases were reported and annual case numbers increased year by year. Most SFTS cases occurred in individuals aged between 40 years and 80 years (91.57%), but age distributions of SFTS cases in different years were significantly different and the median ages increased slightly year by year. The numbers of affected counties from 2011 to 2016 increased sharply from 98 to 167. Of note, the seasonal distributions of SFTS cases in different provinces were significantly different (Fisher = 712.157, P = 0.000) and provinces in south regions showed earlier epidemic peak and longer epidemics durations. The median time from illness onset to confirmation of different years was significantly different (χ2 = 896.088, P = 0.000) and it peaked in 2014. Furthermore, case fatality rate was associated with province, year, and age of SFTS cases. These results may be helpful for authorities to better preventive strategy and improve interventions against SFTS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiijng, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiijng, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiijng, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiijng, China
| | - Jiangping Ren
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiijng, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Silvas JA, Aguilar PV. The Emergence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:992-996. [PMID: 28820686 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly recognized hemorrhagic fever disease found throughout Asia with a case fatality rate between 12% and 30%. Since 2009, SFTS has been reported in China throughout 14 Chinese Provinces. In addition, SFTS has been recognized in South Korea and Japan with the first confirmed cases reported in 2012. A similar disease, caused by the closely related Heartland virus, was also reported in the United States in 2009. SFTS is caused by SFTS virus, a novel tick-borne virus in the family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus. Unlike other mosquito- and sandfly-borne bunyaviruses, SFTS virus has not been extensively studied due to its recent emergence and many unknowns regarding its pathogenesis, life cycle, transmission, and options for therapeutics remains. In this review, we report the most current findings in SFTS virus research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus A Silvas
- Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Patricia V Aguilar
- Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.,Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Increased Prevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Eastern China Clustered with Multiple Genotypes and Reasserted Virus during 2010-2015. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6503. [PMID: 28747674 PMCID: PMC5529542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a novel tick-borne viral disease with high mortality. Since January 2010, we have conducted an epidemiological surveillance and etiological study of SFTS in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. From January 2010 through December 2015, a total of 286 SFTS cases were confirmed in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces with a case fatality rate of 16.1%. The majority of confirmed SFTS cases were distributed in the border area of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Our findings suggest that the SFTS prevalence rate rose since 2010 and reached its highest in 2015. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the majority of the SFTSV strains (83.6%) from Jiangsu and Anhui provinces belonged to genotypes A and D. Notably, we identified three strains of SFTSV clustered into the genotype E. This is the first report of the genotype E SFTSV strains in mainland of China. A reassortment between genotype A and D was found in the central region of the endemic areas, where three SFTSV genotypes (A, C and D) were co-circulating.
Collapse
|
46
|
Li P, Tong ZD, Li KF, Tang A, Dai YX, Yan JB. Seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175592. [PMID: 28399161 PMCID: PMC5388504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus-SFTSV. The seroprevalence of anti-SFTSV antibodies including immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), specific to SFTSV in the general population has been investigated in various epidemiological studies with inconsistent results. Here, we clarify this discrepancy and reach a more comprehensive result by mean of a meta-analysis. Methods All relevant articles were searched in the electronic databases (PubMed, Web of science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Chinese Wanfang database) up to November 2016. The pooled seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by random- or fixed- model on the basis of heterogeneity. Results In total, 21 studies containing 23,848 blood samples from 7 provinces were included in this meta-analysis. The minimum and maximum reported seroprevalences of SFTSV among humans in China were 0.23% and 9.17%, respectively. The overall pooled seroprevalence of SFTSV antibodies was 4.3% (95%CI: 3.2%-5.5%). The pooled prevalence was 5.9% (95%CI: 4.7%-7.0%) in Zhejiang province, 4.9% (95%CI: 4.1–5.8%) in Anhui province, 3.9% (95%CI: 1.3%-6.4%) in Shandong province, and 0.7% (95%CI: 0.2%-1.1%) in Jiangsu province. Stratified by occupation, the pooled prevalence of farmer was 6.1% (95%CI: 3.4%-8.9%) and others (mainly are students) was 3.3% (95%CI: 2.4%-4.2%). Additionally, seroprevalence of SFTSV in people who lived in the same village with the patient were higher than that of people who lived in a different village. Seropositive rates in sampling years after 2012 were higher than that before 2012. The prevalence of SFTSV did not differ by age or gender. Sensitive analysis by omitting one study at a time indicated the results of the pooled seroprevalence were robust. Conclusions Seroprevalence of SFTSV among healthy population in central and eastern China is high. Surveillance efforts on mild or asymptomatic infections among endemic persons are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Dong Tong
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZDT); (JBY)
| | - Ke-Feng Li
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - An Tang
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Xin Dai
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Yan
- Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZDT); (JBY)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang T, Li XL, Liu M, Song XJ, Zhang H, Wang YB, Tian BP, Xing XS, Li SY. Epidemiological Characteristics and Environmental Risk Factors of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Hubei Province, China, from 2011 to 2016. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:387. [PMID: 28337190 PMCID: PMC5340758 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne viral disease affecting hundreds of people in China each year. To better understand the epidemiological characteristics and environmental risk factors associated with the incidence of SFTS in Hubei Province, China, we conducted a retrospective epidemiological study and risk assessment of SFTS from 2011 to 2016. Although, the incidence and epidemic areas of SFTS are increasing, the fatality rate has decreased. Elderly farmers are the population most commonly infected with SFTS virus between May and July in the northeast Hubei Province, which seems to be consistent with local agricultural activities and the seasonal abundance of ticks. Spatial scanning showed that regions bordering with Xinyang City, Henan Province accounted for most of the SFTS cases in Hubei Province, and there was a significant association of SFTS incidence with temporal changes in the climate within these clusters. Multivariate modeling analysis identified density of cattle, rain-fed cropland, built-up land, temperature, and relative humidity as independent risk factors for the distribution of SFTS. Future epidemiological and serological studies are warranted to elucidate the dynamics and immunity patterns of local SFTS disease and to optimize interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tang Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Lou Li
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Aerospace System Beijing, China
| | - Man Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Song
- Shiyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shiyan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Yichang, China
| | - Yu-Bin Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Aerospace System Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Pin Tian
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Aerospace System Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Sen Xing
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan, China
| | - Shi-Yue Li
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhan J, Wang Q, Cheng J, Hu B, Li J, Zhan F, Song Y, Guo D. Current status of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China. Virol Sin 2017; 32:51-62. [PMID: 28251515 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Japan. SFTSV undergoes rapid changes owing to evolution, gene mutations, and reassortment between different strains of SFTSV. In this review, we summarize the recent cases and general properties of SFTS, focusing on the epidemiology, genetic diversity, clinical features, and diagnostics of SFTSV in China. From 2010 to October 2016, SFTS cases were reported in 23 provinces of China, with increased numbers yearly. Infection and death cases are mainly found in central China, where the Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks are spread. The national average mortality rate of SFTS infection was 5.3%, with higher risk to elder people. The main epidemic period was from May to July, with a peak in May. Thus, SFTS reminds a significant public health problem, and development of prophylactic vaccines and effective antiviral drugs will be highly needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhan
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing Li
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Faxian Zhan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yi Song
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Deyin Guo
- Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Isolation, characterization, and phylogenic analysis of three new severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus strains derived from Hubei Province, China. Virol Sin 2017; 32:89-96. [PMID: 28251516 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-017-3953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hubei Province is a major epidemic area of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) in China. However, to date, a few SFTSV strains have been isolated from Hubei Province, preventing effective studies of epidemic outbreaks. Here, we report three confirmed patients (2015-2016) with typical symptoms of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome disease (SFTS) who were farmers resident in different regions in Hubei Province. Three new SFTSV strains were isolated from the serum samples of each patient. Characterization of viral growth properties showed that there were no significant differences in virus production. All strains were completely sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis showed that unlike the other strains from Hubei province, which belonged to the SFTSV C3 genotype, one of the three strains belonged to the SFTSV C2 genotype. These results suggested that multiple SFTSV genotypes have been circulating in Hubei Province, providing insights into SFTSV evolution and improving our understanding of SFTSV prevalence in Hubei Province.
Collapse
|
50
|
A Case-control Study of Risk Sources for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Hubei Province, China. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 55:86-91. [PMID: 28088586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus, was discovered in rural areas of Central China in 2009. METHODS A case-control study based on hospital data was applied to detect the potential risk sources for SFTS in SFTS-endemic counties in Hubei Province. Cases were defined as hospitalized SFTSV confirmed patients. Controls were randomly selected from non-SFTSV patients in the same hospital ward within 2 weeks of inclusion of the cases, and they were matched by age (+/- 5 years) and gender according to 1:2 matching condition. RESULTS 68 cases and 136 controls participated in this study. In multivariate analysis, "Contact with cattle tick" was the major risk source (Conditional Logistic Regression OR-MH=8.62, 95% CI=1.79-41.51), outdoor activities and working in weeds or hillside fields could increase risk of cattle tick contact and SFTS infection (Conditional Logistic Regression OR-MH=8.82, 95% CI=1.69-46.05, P value=0.01). CONCLUSION Our results suggested cattle might be dominant hosts in SFTS-endemic regions in Hubei Province, which provided clues to transmission mechanism of "vectors, host animals, and humans", thus more effectively preventing and controlling the disease.
Collapse
|