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Parkins EV, Gross C. Small Differences and Big Changes: The Many Variables of MicroRNA Expression and Function in the Brain. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0365242024. [PMID: 39111834 PMCID: PMC11308354 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0365-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are emerging as crucial regulators within the complex, dynamic environment of the synapse, and they offer a promising new avenue for the treatment of neurological disease. These small noncoding RNAs modify gene expression in several ways, including posttranscriptional modulation via binding to complementary and semicomplementary sites on target mRNAs. This rapid, finely tuned regulation of gene expression is essential to meet the dynamic demands of the synapse. Here, we provide a detailed review of the multifaceted world of synaptic microRNA regulation. We discuss the many mechanisms by which microRNAs regulate gene expression at the synapse, particularly in the context of neuronal plasticity. We also describe the various factors, such as age, sex, and neurological disease, that can influence microRNA expression and activity in neurons. In summary, microRNAs play a crucial role in the intricate and quickly changing functional requirements of the synapse, and context is essential in the study of microRNAs and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma V Parkins
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
| | - Christina Gross
- University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
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2
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Chen X, Yang L, Aslam MF, Tao J, Zhang X, Ren P, Wang Y, Chao P. Functional analysis, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics revealed potential novel drug targets and their inhibitors against cardiovascular disease in human. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6982-6996. [PMID: 37608602 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2239926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases, affecting the human heart and accounting for 30% of deaths worldwide. Major CVDs include heart failure, hypertension, stroke, etc. Various therapeutics are available against CVD, still there is a dire need to find out potential protein drug targets to reduce economic burden and mortality rate. Goal of the current study was to utilize sequential computational techniques to find the best cardiovascular drug targets and their inhibitors. Common human cardiovascular targets of both databases (GeneCards and Uniprot) were subjected to bioinformatics analyses. Purpose was to validate putative therapeutic targets employing the structure-based bioinformatics methods to determine their physiochemical properties and biological processes. Three stable proteins, that have 0 transmembrane helices, and possess biological processes were screened as potential protein-based therapeutic targets: Hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB), Gamma-enolase (ENO2), and Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Tertiary structures of target proteins were retrieved from PDB, and molecular docking technique was utilized to evaluate a library of 5000 phytochemicals against the interacting residues of the target protein as well as their respective standard drugs through MOE and Pyrx software. Top five phytochemicals (d-Sesamin, 1,3-benzodioxole, Sativanone, Thiamine, and Cajanol) were identified based on their RMSD and docking scores as compared to their standard drugs. The docking studies were also validated by MM-GBSA binding free energy and molecular dynamics simulations. According to the study's findings, these phytochemicals may eventually be used as drugs to treat CVD. Further in vitro testing is required to confirm their efficacy and drug potency.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Jing Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Peng Chao
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
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3
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Walgrave H, Penning A, Tosoni G, Snoeck S, Davie K, Davis E, Wolfs L, Sierksma A, Mars M, Bu T, Thrupp N, Zhou L, Moechars D, Mancuso R, Fiers M, Howden AJ, De Strooper B, Salta E. microRNA-132 regulates gene expression programs involved in microglial homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:106829. [PMID: 37250784 PMCID: PMC10213004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNA-132 (miR-132), a known neuronal regulator, is one of the most robustly downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Increasing miR-132 in AD mouse brain ameliorates amyloid and Tau pathologies, and also restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficits. However, the functional pleiotropy of miRNAs requires in-depth analysis of the effects of miR-132 supplementation before it can be moved forward for AD therapy. We employ here miR-132 loss- and gain-of-function approaches using single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics, and in silico AGO-CLIP datasets to identify molecular pathways targeted by miR-132 in mouse hippocampus. We find that miR-132 modulation significantly affects the transition of microglia from a disease-associated to a homeostatic cell state. We confirm the regulatory role of miR-132 in shifting microglial cell states using human microglial cultures derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Walgrave
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kristofer Davie
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Bioinformatics Core Facility, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma Davis
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leen Wolfs
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annerieke Sierksma
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mayte Mars
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taofeng Bu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Diederik Moechars
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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4
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Mucha M, Skrzypiec AE, Kolenchery JB, Brambilla V, Patel S, Labrador-Ramos A, Kudla L, Murrall K, Skene N, Dymicka-Piekarska V, Klejman A, Przewlocki R, Mosienko V, Pawlak R. miR-483-5p offsets functional and behavioural effects of stress in male mice through synapse-targeted repression of Pgap2 in the basolateral amygdala. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2134. [PMID: 37185241 PMCID: PMC10130081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe psychological trauma triggers genetic, biochemical and morphological changes in amygdala neurons, which underpin the development of stress-induced behavioural abnormalities, such as high levels of anxiety. miRNAs are small, non-coding RNA fragments that orchestrate complex neuronal responses by simultaneous transcriptional/translational repression of multiple target genes. Here we show that miR-483-5p in the amygdala of male mice counterbalances the structural, functional and behavioural consequences of stress to promote a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour. Upon stress, miR-483-5p is upregulated in the synaptic compartment of amygdala neurons and directly represses three stress-associated genes: Pgap2, Gpx3 and Macf1. Upregulation of miR-483-5p leads to selective contraction of distal parts of the dendritic arbour and conversion of immature filopodia into mature, mushroom-like dendritic spines. Consistent with its role in reducing the stress response, upregulation of miR-483-5p in the basolateral amygdala produces a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour. Stress-induced neuromorphological and behavioural effects of miR-483-5p can be recapitulated by shRNA mediated suppression of Pgap2 and prevented by simultaneous overexpression of miR-483-5p-resistant Pgap2. Our results demonstrate that miR-483-5p is sufficient to confer a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour and point to miR-483-5p-mediated repression of Pgap2 as a critical cellular event offsetting the functional and behavioural consequences of psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Mucha
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Anna E Skrzypiec
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jaison B Kolenchery
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Valentina Brambilla
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Satyam Patel
- Pharmacy Department, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alberto Labrador-Ramos
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lucja Kudla
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kathryn Murrall
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nathan Skene
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Agata Klejman
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ryszard Przewlocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Valentina Mosienko
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Robert Pawlak
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Fedorova V, Amruz Cerna K, Oppelt J, Pospisilova V, Barta T, Mraz M, Bohaciakova D. MicroRNA Profiling of Self-Renewing Human Neural Stem Cells Reveals Novel Sets of Differentially Expressed microRNAs During Neural Differentiation In Vitro. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10524-2. [PMID: 36918496 PMCID: PMC10366325 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in orchestrating self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells has been revealed in a number of recent studies. And while in human pluripotent stem cells, miRNAs have been directly linked to the core pluripotency network, including the cell cycle regulation and the maintenance of the self-renewing capacity, their role in the onset of differentiation in other contexts, such as determination of neural cell fate, remains poorly described. To bridge this gap, we used three model cell types to study miRNA expression patterns: human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), hESCs-derived self-renewing neural stem cells (NSCs), and differentiating NSCs. The comprehensive miRNA profiling presented here reveals novel sets of miRNAs differentially expressed during human neural cell fate determination in vitro. Furthermore, we report a miRNA expression profile of self-renewing human NSCs, which has been lacking to this date. Our data also indicates that miRNA clusters enriched in NSCs share the target-determining seed sequence with cell cycle regulatory miRNAs expressed in pluripotent hESCs. Lastly, our mechanistic experiments confirmed that cluster miR-17-92, one of the NSCs-enriched clusters, is directly transcriptionally regulated by transcription factor c-MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Fedorova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Amruz Cerna
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Oppelt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Neuropathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Veronika Pospisilova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Barta
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Mraz
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dasa Bohaciakova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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6
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Non-coding RNAs as key players in the neurodegenerative diseases: Multi-platform strategies and approaches for exploring the Genome's dark matter. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 129:102236. [PMID: 36709005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A growing amount of evidence in the last few years has begun to unravel that non-coding RNAs have a myriad of functions in gene regulation. Intensive investigation on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has led to exploring their broad role in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) owing to their regulatory role in gene expression. RNA sequencing technologies and transcriptome analysis has unveiled significant dysregulation of ncRNAs attributed to their biogenesis, upregulation, downregulation, aberrant epigenetic regulation, and abnormal transcription. Despite these advances, the understanding of their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers underpinning detailed mechanisms is still unknown. Advancements in bioinformatics and molecular technologies have improved our knowledge of the dark matter of the genome in terms of recognition and functional validation. This review aims to shed light on ncRNAs biogenesis, function, and potential role in NDs. Further deepening of their role is provided through a focus on the most recent platforms, experimental approaches, and computational analysis to investigate ncRNAs. Furthermore, this review summarizes and evaluates well-studied miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs concerning their potential role in pathogenesis and use as biomarkers in NDs. Finally, a perspective on the main challenges and novel methods for the future and broad therapeutic use of ncRNAs is offered.
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7
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Favaloro F, DeLeo AM, Delgado AC, Doetsch F. miR-17∼92 exerts stage-specific effects in adult V-SVZ neural stem cell lineages. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111773. [PMID: 36476846 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) generate neurons and glia throughout life. MicroRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators frequently acting in a context-dependent manner. Here, microRNA profiling defines cohorts of miRNAs in quiescent and activated NSCs, with miR-17∼92 highly upregulated in activated NSCs and transit amplifying cells (TACs) versus quiescent NSCs. Conditional miR-17∼92 deletion in the adult V-SVZ results in stage-specific effects. In NSCs, it reduces proliferation in vitro and in vivo, whereas in TACs, it selectively shifts neurogenic OLIG2- DLX2+ toward oligodendrogenic OLIG2+ DLX2- TACs, due to de-repression of an oligodendrogenic program, leading to increased oligodendrogenesis in vivo. This differential regulation of TAC subpopulations highlights the importance of TAC heterogeneity. Finally, in the NSC lineage for intraventricular oligodendrocyte progenitors, miR-17∼92 deletion decreases proliferation and maturation. Together, these findings reveal multiple stage-specific functions of the miR-17∼92 cluster within different adult V-SVZ lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annina M DeLeo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ana C Delgado
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fiona Doetsch
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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Geaghan MP, Reay WR, Cairns MJ. MicroRNA binding site variation is enriched in psychiatric disorders. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:2153-2169. [PMID: 36217923 PMCID: PMC10947041 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders have a polygenic architecture, often associated with dozens or hundreds of independent genomic loci. Most associated loci impact noncoding regions of the genome, suggesting that the majority of disease heritability originates from the disruption of regulatory sequences. While most research has focused on variants that modify regulatory DNA elements, those affecting cis-acting RNA sequences, such as miRNA binding sites, are also likely to have a significant impact. We intersected genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics with the dbMTS database of predictions for miRNA binding site variants (MBSVs). We compared the distributions of MBSV association statistics to non-MBSVs within brain-expressed 3'UTR regions. We aggregated GWAS p values at the gene, pathway, and miRNA family levels to investigate cellular functions and miRNA families strongly associated with each trait. We performed these analyses in several psychiatric disorders as well as nonpsychiatric traits for comparison. We observed significant enrichment of MBSVs in schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, and anorexia nervosa, particularly in genes targeted by several miRNA families, including miR-335-5p, miR-21-5p/590-5p, miR-361-5p, and miR-557, and a nominally significant association between miR-323b-3p MBSVs and schizophrenia risk. We identified evidence for the association between MBSVs in synaptic gene sets in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We also observed a significant association of MBSVs in other complex traits including type 2 diabetes. These observations support the role of miRNA in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and suggest that MBSVs are an important class of regulatory variants that have functional implications for many disorders, as well as other complex human traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Geaghan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - William R. Reay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
- Precision Medicine Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
- Precision Medicine Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
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Almuhayawi MS, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Alkhalifah DHM, Marc RA, Aslam S, Poczai P. Integrated Pangenome Analysis and Pharmacophore Modeling Revealed Potential Novel Inhibitors against Enterobacter xiangfangensis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192214812. [PMID: 36429532 PMCID: PMC9691136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter xiangfangensis is a novel, multidrug-resistant pathogen belonging to the Enterobacter genus and has the ability to acquire resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. However, there is currently no registered E. xiangfangensis drug on the market that has been shown to be effective. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets and effective treatments for E. xiangfangensis. In the current study, a bacterial pan genome analysis and subtractive proteomics approach was employed to the core proteomes of six strains of E. xiangfangensis using several bioinformatic tools, software, and servers. However, 2611 nonredundant proteins were predicted from the 21,720 core proteins of core proteome. Out of 2611 nonredundant proteins, 372 were obtained from Geptop2.0 as essential proteins. After the subtractive proteomics and subcellular localization analysis, only 133 proteins were found in cytoplasm. All cytoplasmic proteins were examined using BLASTp against the virulence factor database, which classifies 20 therapeutic targets as virulent. Out of these 20, 3 cytoplasmic proteins: ferric iron uptake transcriptional regulator (FUR), UDP-2,3diacylglucosamine diphosphatase (UDP), and lipid-A-disaccharide synthase (lpxB) were chosen as potential drug targets. These drug targets are important for bacterial survival, virulence, and growth and could be used as therapeutic targets. More than 2500 plant chemicals were used to molecularly dock these proteins. Furthermore, the lowest-binding energetic docked compounds were found. The top five hit compounds, Adenine, Mollugin, Xanthohumol C, Sakuranetin, and Toosendanin demonstrated optimum binding against all three target proteins. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations and MM/GBSA analyses validated the stability of ligand-protein complexes and revealed that these compounds could serve as potential E. xiangfangensis replication inhibitors. Consequently, this study marks a significant step forward in the creation of new and powerful drugs against E. xiangfangensis. Future studies should validate these targets experimentally to prove their function in E. xiangfangensis survival and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă ¸stur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sidra Aslam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Peter Poczai
- Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Kim YT, Oh H, Seo MJ, Lee DH, Shin J, Bong S, Heo S, Hapsari ND, Jo K. 21 Fluorescent Protein-Based DNA Staining Dyes. Molecules 2022; 27:5248. [PMID: 36014487 PMCID: PMC9412447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent protein-DNA-binding peptides or proteins (FP-DBP) are a powerful means to stain and visualize large DNA molecules on a fluorescence microscope. Here, we constructed 21 kinds of FP-DBPs using various colors of fluorescent proteins and two DNA-binding motifs. From the database of fluorescent proteins (FPbase.org), we chose bright FPs, such as RRvT, tdTomato, mNeonGreen, mClover3, YPet, and mScarlet, which are four to eight times brighter than original wild-type GFP. Additionally, we chose other FPs, such as mOrange2, Emerald, mTurquoise2, mStrawberry, and mCherry, for variations in emitting wavelengths. For DNA-binding motifs, we used HMG (high mobility group) as an 11-mer peptide or a 36 kDa tTALE (truncated transcription activator-like effector). Using 21 FP-DBPs, we attempted to stain DNA molecules and then analyzed fluorescence intensities. Most FP-DBPs successfully visualized DNA molecules. Even with the same DNA-binding motif, the order of FP and DBP affected DNA staining in terms of brightness and DNA stretching. The DNA staining pattern by FP-DBPs was also affected by the FP types. The data from 21 FP-DBPs provided a guideline to develop novel DNA-binding fluorescent proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Tehee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Hyesoo Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Myung Jun Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Dong Hyeun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Jieun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Serang Bong
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Sujeong Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Natalia Diyah Hapsari
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
- Chemistry Education Program, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia
| | - Kyubong Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapogu, Seoul 04107, Korea
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11
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Mohammadi AH, Seyedmoalemi S, Moghanlou M, Akhlagh SA, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Jafari A, Mirzaei H. MicroRNAs and Synaptic Plasticity: From Their Molecular Roles to Response to Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5084-5102. [PMID: 35666404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to weaken or strengthen over time, in response to changes in the activity of the neurons. It is orchestrated by a variety of genes, proteins, and external and internal factors, especially epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-acknowledged epigenetic modulators that regulate the translation and degradation of target genes in the nervous system. Increasing evidence has suggested that a number of miRNAs play important roles in modulating various aspects of synaptic plasticity. The deregulation of miRNAs could be associated with pathological alterations in synaptic plasticity, which could lead to different CNS-related diseases. Herein, we provide an update on the role of miRNAs in governing synaptic plasticity. In addition, we also summarize recent researches on the role of miRNAs in drug addiction, and their targets and mechanism of action. Understanding of the way in which miRNAs contribute to synaptic plasticity provides rational clues in establishing the novel biomarkers and new therapeutic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of plasticity-related diseases and drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mohammadi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyedvahid Seyedmoalemi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Moghanlou
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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12
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Morales‐Roselló J, Loscalzo G, García‐Lopez EM, García‐Gimenez JL, Perales‐Marín A. MicroRNA‐132 is overexpressed in fetuses with late‐onset fetal growth restriction. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e558. [PMID: 35317418 PMCID: PMC8922531 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims To evaluate the expression of microRNA 132 (miR‐132) in fetuses with normal growth and in fetuses with late‐onset growth restriction (FGR). Methods In a prospective cohort study, 48 fetuses (24 with late‐onset FGR and 24 with normal growth) were scanned with Doppler ultrasound after 34 weeks to measure the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery pulsatility indices and followed until birth. Subsequently, blood samples from the umbilical cord were collected to evaluate the expression of miR‐132 by means of Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, determining the existence of normality cut‐offs and associations with birth weight (BW) centile, cerebroplacental ratio multiples of the median (CPR MoM), and intrapartum fetal compromise (IFC). Results In comparison with normal fetuses, late‐onset FGR fetuses showed upregulation of miR‐132 (33.94 ± 45.04 vs. 2.88 ± 9.32 2−ddCt, p < 0.001). Using 5 as a cut‐off we obtained a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 96% for the diagnosis of FGR, while for IFC these values were respectively 27% and 73%. Expression of miR‐132 was associated with BW centile but not with CPR MoM. Finally, the best detection of IFC was achieved combining miR‐132 expression and CPR MoM (AUC = 0.69, p < 0.05). Conclusion Fetuses with late‐onset FGR show upregulation of miR‐132. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of miR‐132 in the management of late‐onset FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Morales‐Roselló
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe Valencia Spain
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Gabriela Loscalzo
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe Valencia Spain
| | - Eva María García‐Lopez
- EpiDisease SL, and Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Institute of Health Carlos III Valencia Spain
| | - José Luis García‐Gimenez
- EpiDisease SL, and Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) Institute of Health Carlos III Valencia Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Alfredo Perales‐Marín
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe Valencia Spain
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología Universidad de Valencia Valencia Spain
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13
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Xie Y, Kuan AT, Wang W, Herbert ZT, Mosto O, Olukoya O, Adam M, Vu S, Kim M, Tran D, Gómez N, Charpentier C, Sorour I, Lacey TE, Tolstorukov MY, Sabatini BL, Lee WCA, Harwell CC. Astrocyte-neuron crosstalk through Hedgehog signaling mediates cortical synapse development. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110416. [PMID: 35196485 PMCID: PMC8962654 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron-glia interactions play a critical role in the regulation of synapse formation and circuit assembly. Here we demonstrate that canonical Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway signaling in cortical astrocytes acts to coordinate layer-specific synaptic connectivity. We show that the Shh receptor Ptch1 is expressed by cortical astrocytes during development and that Shh signaling is necessary and sufficient to promote the expression of genes involved in regulating synaptic development and layer-enriched astrocyte molecular identity. Loss of Shh in layer V neurons reduces astrocyte complexity and coverage by astrocytic processes in tripartite synapses; conversely, cell-autonomous activation of Shh signaling in astrocytes promotes cortical excitatory synapse formation. Furthermore, Shh-dependent genes Lrig1 and Sparc distinctively contribute to astrocyte morphology and synapse formation. Together, these results suggest that Shh secreted from deep-layer cortical neurons acts to specialize the molecular and functional features of astrocytes during development to shape circuit assembly and function. Xie et al. show that Sonic hedgehog expressed by cortical layer V neurons signals to Ptch1-expressing astrocytes where it is necessary to promote the expression of layer-enriched astrocyte gene networks that control synapse formation and astrocyte morphological complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron T Kuan
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wengang Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zachary T Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Olivia Mosto
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olubusola Olukoya
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manal Adam
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steve Vu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diana Tran
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicolás Gómez
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Claire Charpentier
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ingie Sorour
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tiara E Lacey
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Y Tolstorukov
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bernardo L Sabatini
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei-Chung Allen Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Corey C Harwell
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Penning A, Tosoni G, Abiega O, Bielefeld P, Gasperini C, De Pietri Tonelli D, Fitzsimons CP, Salta E. Adult Neural Stem Cell Regulation by Small Non-coding RNAs: Physiological Significance and Pathological Implications. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:781434. [PMID: 35058752 PMCID: PMC8764185 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.781434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult neurogenic niches are complex multicellular systems, receiving regulatory input from a multitude of intracellular, juxtacrine, and paracrine signals and biological pathways. Within the niches, adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) generate astrocytic and neuronal progeny, with the latter predominating in physiological conditions. The new neurons generated from this neurogenic process are functionally linked to memory, cognition, and mood regulation, while much less is known about the functional contribution of aNSC-derived newborn astrocytes and adult-born oligodendrocytes. Accumulating evidence suggests that the deregulation of aNSCs and their progeny can impact, or can be impacted by, aging and several brain pathologies, including neurodevelopmental and mood disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and also by insults, such as epileptic seizures, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. Hence, understanding the regulatory underpinnings of aNSC activation, differentiation, and fate commitment could help identify novel therapeutic avenues for a series of pathological conditions. Over the last two decades, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of NSC fate determination in the adult neurogenic niches. In this review, we synthesize prior knowledge on how sncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), may impact NSC fate determination in the adult brain and we critically assess the functional significance of these events. We discuss the concepts that emerge from these examples and how they could be used to provide a framework for considering aNSC (de)regulation in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Penning
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oihane Abiega
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pascal Bielefeld
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Caterina Gasperini
- Neurobiology of miRNAs Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Carlos P. Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Carlos Fitzsimons Evgenia Salta
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Carlos Fitzsimons Evgenia Salta
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15
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Nguyen LH, Xu Y, Mahadeo T, Zhang L, Lin TV, Born HA, Anderson AE, Bordey A. Expression of 4E-BP1 in juvenile mice alleviates mTOR-induced neuronal dysfunction and epilepsy. Brain 2021; 145:1310-1325. [PMID: 34849602 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway during fetal neurodevelopment alters neuron structure and function, leading to focal malformation of cortical development (FMCD) and intractable epilepsy. Recent evidence suggests a role for dysregulated cap-dependent translation downstream of mTOR in the formation of FMCD and seizures. However, it is unknown whether modifying translation once the developmental pathologies are established can reverse neuronal abnormalities and seizures. Addressing these issues is crucial with regards to therapeutics since these neurodevelopmental disorders are predominantly diagnosed during childhood, when patients present with symptoms. Here, we report increased phosphorylation of the mTOR effector and translational repressor, 4E-BP1, in patient FMCD tissue and in a mouse model of FMCD. Using temporally regulated conditional gene expression systems, we found that expression of a constitutively active form of 4E-BP1 that resists phosphorylation by mTOR in juvenile mice reduced neuronal cytomegaly and corrected several neuronal electrophysiological alterations, including depolarized resting membrane potential, irregular firing pattern, and aberrant expression of HCN4 channels. Further, 4E-BP1 expression in juvenile FMCD mice after epilepsy onset resulted in improved cortical spectral activity and decreased spontaneous seizure frequency in adults. Overall, our study uncovered a remarkable plasticity of the juvenile brain that facilitates novel therapeutic opportunities to treat FMCD-related epilepsy during childhood with potentially long-lasting effects in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena H Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Youfen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Travorn Mahadeo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Longbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Tiffany V Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Heather A Born
- Cain Foundation Laboratories, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital; Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anne E Anderson
- Cain Foundation Laboratories, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital; Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Angélique Bordey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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16
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miR-9-5p is involved in the rescue of stress-dependent dendritic shortening of hippocampal pyramidal neurons induced by acute antidepressant treatment with ketamine. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100381. [PMID: 34458512 PMCID: PMC8379501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Converging clinical and preclinical evidence demonstrates that depressive phenotypes are associated with synaptic dysfunction and dendritic simplification in cortico-limbic glutamatergic areas. On the other hand, the rapid antidepressant effect of acute ketamine is consistently reported to occur together with the rescue of dendritic atrophy and reduction of spine number induced by chronic stress in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of animal models of depression. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying these morphological alterations remain largely unknown. Here, we found that miR-9-5p levels were selectively reduced in the hippocampus of rats vulnerable to Chronic Mild Stress (CMS), while acute subanesthetic ketamine restored its levels to basal condition in just 24h; miR-9-5p expression inversely correlated with the anhedonic phenotype. A decrease of miR-9-5p was reproduced in an in vitro model of stress, based on primary hippocampal neurons incubated with the stress hormone corticosterone. In both CMS animals and primary neurons, decreased miR-9-5p levels were associated with dendritic simplification, while treatment with ketamine completely rescued the changes. In vitro modulation of miR-9-5p expression showed a direct role of miR-9-5p in regulating dendritic length and spine density in mature primary hippocampal neurons. Among the putative target genes tested, Rest and Sirt1 were validated as biological targets in primary neuronal cultures. Moreover, in line with miR-9-5p changes, REST protein expression levels were remarkably increased in both CMS vulnerable animals and corticosterone-treated neurons, while ketamine completely abolished this alteration. Finally, the shortening of dendritic length in corticosterone-treated neurons was shown to be partly rescued by miR-9-5p overexpression and dependent on REST protein expression. Overall, our data unveiled the functional role of miR-9-5p in the remodeling of dendritic arbor induced by stress/corticosterone in vulnerable animals and its rescue by acute antidepressant treatment with ketamine.
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17
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Zhang L, Huang T, Teaw S, Nguyen LH, Hsieh LS, Gong X, Burns LH, Bordey A. Filamin A inhibition reduces seizure activity in a mouse model of focal cortical malformations. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/531/eaay0289. [PMID: 32075941 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy treatments for patients with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) disorders, such as tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) or focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCDII), are urgently needed. In these patients, the presence of focal cortical malformations is associated with the occurrence of lifelong epilepsy, leading to severe neurological comorbidities. Here, we show that the expression of the actin cross-linking protein filamin A (FLNA) is increased in resected cortical tissue that is responsible for seizures in patients with FCDII and in mice modeling TSC and FCDII with mutations in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) pathway genes. Normalizing FLNA expression in these mice through genetic knockdown limited cell misplacement and neuronal dysmorphogenesis, two hallmarks of focal cortical malformations. In addition, Flna knockdown reduced seizure frequency independently of mTOR signaling. Treating mice with a small molecule targeting FLNA, PTI-125, before the onset of seizures alleviated neuronal abnormalities and reduced seizure frequency compared to vehicle-treated mice. In addition, the treatment was also effective when injected after seizure onset in juvenile and adult mice. These data suggest that targeting FLNA with either short hairpin RNAs or the small molecule PTI-125 might be effective in reducing seizures in patients with TSC and FCDII bearing mutations in PI3K-Rheb pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Zhang
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Tianxiang Huang
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shannon Teaw
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA
| | - Lena H Nguyen
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA
| | - Lawrence S Hsieh
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA
| | - Xuan Gong
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | | | - Angélique Bordey
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA.
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18
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Small Extracellular Vesicles Control Dendritic Spine Development through Regulation of HDAC2 Signaling. J Neurosci 2021; 41:3799-3807. [PMID: 33741723 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0766-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) has recently been reported, but knowledge of their function in neuron development remains limited. Using LC-MS/MS, we found that sEVs released from developing cortical neurons in vitro obtained from mice of both sexes were enriched in cytoplasm, exosome, and protein-binding and DNA/RNA-binding pathways. The latter included HDAC2, which was of particular interest, because HDAC2 regulates spine development, and populations of neurons expressing different levels of HDAC2 co-exist in vivo during the period of spine growth. Here, we found that HDAC2 levels decrease in neurons as they acquire synapses and that sEVs from HDAC2-rich neurons regulate HDAC2 signaling in HDAC2-low neurons possibly through HDAC2 transfer. This regulation led to a transcriptional decrease in HDAC2 synaptic targets and the density of excitatory synapses. These data suggest that sEVs provide inductive cell-cell signaling that coordinates the development of dendritic spines via the activation of HDAC2-dependent transcriptional programs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs; also called exosomes) in neuronal development is of particular interest, because sEVs could provide a major signaling modality between developing neurons when synapses are not fully functional or immature. However, knowledge of sEVs on neuron, and more precisely spine development, is limited. We provide several lines of evidence that sEVs released from developing cortical neurons regulate the development of dendritic spines via the regulation of HDAC2 signaling. This paracrine communication is temporally restricted during development because of the age-dependent decrease in sEV release as neurons mature and acquire spines.
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19
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Hsieh LS, Lin TV, Bordey A. Rab27a-Dependent Paracrine Communication Controls Dendritic Spine Formation and Sensory Responses in the Barrel Cortex. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030622. [PMID: 33799820 PMCID: PMC8000154 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab27a is an evolutionarily conserved small GTPase that regulates vesicle trafficking, and copy number variants of RAB27a are associated with increased risk of autism. However, the function of Rab27a on brain development is unknown. Here, we identified a form of paracrine communication that regulates spine development between distinct populations of developing cortical neurons. In the developing somatosensory cortex of mice, we show that decreasing Rab27a levels in late-born pyramidal neurons destined for layer (L) 2/3 had no cell-autonomous effect on their synaptic integration but increased excitatory synaptic transmission onto L4 neurons that receive somatosensory information. This effect resulted in an increased number of L4 neurons activated by whisker stimulation in juvenile mice. In addition, we found that Rab27a, the level of which decreases as neurons mature, regulates the release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in developing neurons in vitro and decreasing Rab27a levels led to the accumulation of CD63-positive vesicular compartments in L2/3 neurons in vivo. Together, our study reveals that Rab27a-mediated paracrine communication regulates the development of synaptic connectivity, ultimately tuning responses to sensory stimulation, possibly via controlling the release of sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Zhang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA; (L.Z.); (L.S.H.); (T.V.L.)
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Lawrence S. Hsieh
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA; (L.Z.); (L.S.H.); (T.V.L.)
| | - Tiffany V. Lin
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA; (L.Z.); (L.S.H.); (T.V.L.)
| | - Angélique Bordey
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA; (L.Z.); (L.S.H.); (T.V.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-203-737-2515; Fax: +1-203-737-2159
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20
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Sokolov AM, Holmberg JC, Feliciano DM. The amino acid transporter Slc7a5 regulates the mTOR pathway and is required for granule cell development. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3003-3013. [PMID: 32821949 PMCID: PMC7645712 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in the solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) gene, which encodes an amino acid transporter cause microcephaly and seizures, yet the mechanisms responsible for these phenotypes are unclear. Models have demonstrated that Slc7a5 deletion is embryonic lethal and that these embryos lack a fully formed telencephalon. This phenotype is similar to that of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase deletion or mTOR inhibition. Notably, in many cells, Slc7a5 import of amino acids is required to maintain mTOR activity. Slc7a5 is present within neurogenic regions during embryogenesis, is found in cultured neurons and can modulate neuronal electrophysiological properties. However, Slc7a5 is also highly expressed within endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier where removal in conditional mice leads to severe behavioral defects and non-cell autonomous changes in neurons. Therefore, the extent that neural Slc7a5 is required for development is unclear. Here, subventricular zone neural stem cells that generate olfactory bulb granule cell neurons were electroporated with SLC7A5 or Slc7a5 short hairpin RNA encoding plasmids. Although early phases of neural development were unaltered, Slc7a5 knockdown effected late phases of GC dendrite maturation and survival. Slc7a5 knockdown also decreased mTOR pathway activity. Ras homolog enriched in brain, an mTOR activator, rescued the effect of Slc7a5 knockdown on mTOR pathway activity and dendrite arbors. The data presented here demonstrate that Slc7a5 is required for GC mTOR pathway activity, maturation and survival, which may help explain why Slc7a5 mutations prevent normal brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan M Sokolov
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0314, USA
| | - Jennie C Holmberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0314, USA
| | - David M Feliciano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0314, USA
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21
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Improta-Caria AC, Nonaka CKV, Cavalcante BRR, De Sousa RAL, Aras Júnior R, Souza BSDF. Modulation of MicroRNAs as a Potential Molecular Mechanism Involved in the Beneficial Actions of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4977. [PMID: 32674523 PMCID: PMC7403962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals worldwide. AD pathophysiology involves the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, along with chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Physical exercise (PE) is a beneficial non-pharmacological strategy and has been described as an ally to combat cognitive decline in individuals with AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern the beneficial adaptations induced by PE in AD are not fully elucidated. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, inhibiting or degrading their target mRNAs. MicroRNAs are involved in physiological processes that govern normal brain function and deregulated microRNA profiles are associated with the development and progression of AD. It is also known that PE changes microRNA expression profile in the circulation and in target tissues and organs. Thus, this review aimed to identify the role of deregulated microRNAs in the pathophysiology of AD and explore the possible role of the modulation of microRNAs as a molecular mechanism involved in the beneficial actions of PE in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
| | - Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Physiological Science Multicentric Program, Federal University of Valleys´ Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais 30000-000, Brazil;
| | - Roque Aras Júnior
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (A.C.I.-C.); (R.A.J.)
- University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia 40110-909, Brazil; (C.K.V.N.); (B.R.R.C.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia 40110-909, Brazil
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22
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How the enriched get richer? Experience-dependent modulation of microRNAs and the therapeutic effects of environmental enrichment. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 195:172940. [PMID: 32413435 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Environmental enrichment and physical exercise have many well-established health benefits. Although these environmental manipulations are known to delay symptom onset and progression in a variety of neurological and psychiatric conditions, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. A notable candidate molecular mechanism is that of microRNA, a family of small noncoding RNAs that are important regulators of gene expression. Research investigating the many diverse roles of microRNAs has greatly expanded over the past decade, with several promising preclinical and clinical studies highlighting the role of dysregulated microRNA expression (in the brain, blood and other peripheral systems) in understanding the aetiology of disease. Altered microRNA levels have also been described following environmental interventions such as exercise and environmental enrichment in non-clinical populations and wild-type animals, as well as in some brain disorders and associated preclinical models. Recent studies exploring the effects of stimulating environments on microRNA levels in the brain have revealed an array of changes that are likely to have important downstream effects on gene expression, and thus may regulate a variety of cellular processes. Here we review literature that explores the differential expression of microRNAs in rodents following environmental enrichment and exercise, in both healthy control animals and preclinical models of relevance to neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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23
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New insights into the regulatory roles of microRNAs in adult neurogenesis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 50:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Tsai SL, Baselga-Garriga C, Melton DA. Midkine is a dual regulator of wound epidermis development and inflammation during the initiation of limb regeneration. eLife 2020; 9:50765. [PMID: 31934849 PMCID: PMC6959999 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of a specialized wound epidermis is required to initiate salamander limb regeneration. Yet little is known about the roles of the early wound epidermis during the initiation of regeneration and the mechanisms governing its development into the apical epithelial cap (AEC), a signaling structure necessary for outgrowth and patterning of the regenerate. Here, we elucidate the functions of the early wound epidermis, and further reveal midkine (mk) as a dual regulator of both AEC development and inflammation during the initiation of axolotl limb regeneration. Through loss- and gain-of-function experiments, we demonstrate that mk acts as both a critical survival signal to control the expansion and function of the early wound epidermis and an anti-inflammatory cytokine to resolve early injury-induced inflammation. Altogether, these findings unveil one of the first identified regulators of AEC development and provide fundamental insights into early wound epidermis function, development, and the initiation of limb regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Tsai
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Clara Baselga-Garriga
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Douglas A Melton
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
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25
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Abstract
Locomotion is an ancient and fundamental output of the nervous system required for animals to perform many other complex behaviors. Although the formation of motor circuits is known to be under developmental control of transcriptional mechanisms that define the fates and connectivity of the many neurons, glia and muscle constituents of these circuits, relatively little is known about the role of post-transcriptional regulation of locomotor behavior. MicroRNAs have emerged as a potentially rich source of modulators for neural development and function. In order to define the microRNAs required for normal locomotion in Drosophila melanogaster, we utilized a set of transgenic Gal4-dependent competitive inhibitors (microRNA sponges, or miR-SPs) to functionally assess ca. 140 high-confidence Drosophila microRNAs using automated quantitative movement tracking systems followed by multiparametric analysis. Using ubiquitous expression of miR-SP constructs, we identified a large number of microRNAs that modulate aspects of normal baseline adult locomotion. Addition of temperature-dependent Gal80 to identify microRNAs that act during adulthood revealed that the majority of these microRNAs play developmental roles. Comparison of ubiquitous and neural-specific miR-SP expression suggests that most of these microRNAs function within the nervous system. Parallel analyses of spontaneous locomotion in adults and in larvae also reveal that very few of the microRNAs required in the adult overlap with those that control the behavior of larval motor circuits. These screens suggest that a rich regulatory landscape underlies the formation and function of motor circuits and that many of these mechanisms are stage and/or parameter-specific.
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26
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Kiltschewskij D, Cairns MJ. Temporospatial guidance of activity-dependent gene expression by microRNA: mechanisms and functional implications for neural plasticity. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:533-545. [PMID: 30535081 PMCID: PMC6344879 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA are major regulators of neuronal gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. This layer of control is critical for spatially and temporally restricted gene expression, facilitating highly dynamic changes to cellular structure and function associated with neural plasticity. Investigation of microRNA function in the neural system, however, is at an early stage, and many aspects of the mechanisms employing these small non-coding RNAs remain unclear. In this article, we critically review current knowledge pertaining to microRNA function in neural activity, with emphasis on mechanisms of microRNA repression, their subcellular remodelling and functional impacts on neural plasticity and behavioural phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Kiltschewskij
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2323, Australia.,Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, 2323, Australia
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2323, Australia.,Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, 2323, Australia
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27
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Zhang L, Huang T, Teaw S, Bordey A. Hypervascularization in mTOR-dependent focal and global cortical malformations displays differential rapamycin sensitivity. Epilepsia 2019; 60:1255-1265. [PMID: 31125447 DOI: 10.1111/epi.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent malformations of cortical development (MCDs) associated with seizures display hyperperfusion and increased vessel density of the dysmorphic cortical tissue. Some studies have suggested that the vascular defect occurred independently of seizures. Here, we further examined whether hypervascularization occurs in animal models of global and focal MCD with and without seizures, and whether it is sensitive to the mTOR blocker, rapamycin, that is approved for epilepsy treatment in tuberous sclerosis complex. METHODS We used two experimental models of mTOR-dependent MCD consisting of conditional transgenic mice containing Tsc1null cells in the forebrain generating a global malformation associated with seizures and of wild-type mice containing a focal malformation in the somatosensory cortex generated by in utero electroporation (IUE) that does not lead to seizures. Alterations in blood vessels and the effects of a 2-week-long rapamycin treatment on these phenotypes were assessed in juvenile mice. RESULTS Blood vessels in both the focal and global MCDs of postnatal day 14 mice displayed significant increase in vessel density, branching index, total vessel length, and decreased tissue lacunarity. In addition, rapamycin treatment (0.5 mg/kg, every 2 days) partially rescued vessel abnormalities in the focal MCD model, but it did not ameliorate the vessel abnormalities in the global MCD model that required higher rapamycin dosage for a partial rescue. SIGNIFICANCE Here, we identified hypervascularization in mTOR-dependent MCD in the absence of seizures in young mice, suggesting that increased angiogenesis occurs during development in parallel to alterations in corticogenesis. In addition, a predictive functional outcome is that dysplastic neurons forming MCD will have better access to oxygen and metabolic supplies via their closer proximity to blood vessels. Finally, the difference in rapamycin sensitivity between a focal and global MCD suggest that rapamycin treatment will need to be titrated to match the type of MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tianxiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Shannon Teaw
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Angélique Bordey
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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28
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MicroRNA-132 in the Adult Dentate Gyrus is Involved in Opioid Addiction Via Modifying the Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:486-496. [PMID: 30721395 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-132 (miR-132), a small RNA that regulates gene expression, is known to promote neurogenesis in the embryonic nervous system and adult brain. Although exposure to psychoactive substances can increase miR-132 expression in cultured neural stem cells (NSCs) and the adult brain of rodents, little is known about its role in opioid addiction. So, we set out to determine the effect of miR-132 on differentiation of the NSCs and whether this effect is involved in opioid addiction using the rat morphine self-administration (MSA) model. We found that miR-132 overexpression enhanced the differentiation of NSCs in vivo and in vitro. Similarly, specific overexpression of miR-132 in NSCs of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) during the acquisition stage of MSA potentiated morphine-seeking behavior. These findings indicate that miR-132 is involved in opioid addiction, probably by promoting the differentiation of NSCs in the adult DG.
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29
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Abstract
Learned safety is a fear inhibitory mechanism, which regulates fear responses, promotes episodes of safety and generates positive affective states. Despite its potential as experimental model for several psychiatric illnesses, including post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, the molecular mechanisms of learned safety remain poorly understood, We here investigated the molecular mediators of learned safety, focusing on the characterization of miRNA expression in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Comparing levels of 22 miRNAs in learned safety and learned fear trained mice, six safety-related miRNAs, including three members of the miR-132/-212 family, were identified. A gain-of-function approach based upon in-vivo transfection of a specific miRNA mimic, and miR-132/212 knock-out mice as loss-of-function tool were used in order to determine the relevance of miR-132 for learned safety at the behavioral and the neuronal functional levels. Using a designated bioinformatic approach, PTEN and GAT1 were identified as potential novel miR-132 target genes and further experimentally validated. We here firstly provide evidence for a regulation of amygdala miRNA expression in learned safety and propose miR-132 as signature molecule to be considered in future preclinical and translational approaches testing the transdiagnostic relevance of learned safety as intermediate phenotype in fear and stress-related disorders.
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30
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Zhong W, Huang Q, Zeng L, Hu Z, Tang X. Caveolin-1 and MLRs: A potential target for neuronal growth and neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1492-1503. [PMID: 31673241 PMCID: PMC6818210 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.35158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thrombolytic therapy, the only established treatment to reduce the neurological deficits caused by ischemic stroke, is limited by time window and potential complications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies to improve neuronal growth and neurological function following ischemic stroke. Membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) are crucial structures for neuron survival and growth signaling pathways. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the main scaffold protein present in MLRs, targets many neural growth proteins and promotes growth of neurons and dendrites. Targeting Cav-1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance neuroplasticity after cerebral ischemia. This review addresses the role of Cav-1 and MLRs in neuronal growth after ischemic stroke, with an emphasis on the mechanisms by which Cav-1/MLRs modulate neuroplasticity via related receptors, signaling pathways, and gene expression. We further discuss how Cav-1/MLRs may be exploited as a potential therapeutic target to restore neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke. Finally, several representative pharmacological agents known to enhance neuroplasticity are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qianyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangqi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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31
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Ng TK, Yang Q, Fortino VR, Lai NYK, Carballosa CM, Greenberg JM, Choy KW, Pelaez D, Pang CP, Cheung HS. MicroRNA-132 directs human periodontal ligament-derived neural crest stem cell neural differentiation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:12-24. [PMID: 30352481 DOI: 10.1002/term.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenesis is the basis of stem cell tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. We have established differentiation protocols to direct human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (PDLSCs) into neuronal lineage, and we recently isolated the neural crest subpopulation from PDLSCs, which are pluripotent in nature. Here, we report the neural differentiation potential of these periodontal ligament-derived neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) as well as its microRNA (miRNA) regulatory mechanism and function in NCSC neural differentiation. NCSCs, treated with basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor-based differentiation medium for 24 days, expressed neuronal and glial markers (βIII-tubulin, neurofilament, NeuN, neuron-specific enolase, GFAP, and S100) and exhibited glutamate-induced calcium responses. The global miRNA expression profiling identified 60 upregulated and 19 downregulated human miRNAs after neural differentiation, and the gene ontology analysis of the miRNA target genes confirmed the neuronal differentiation-related biological functions. In addition, overexpression of miR-132 in NCSCs promoted the expression of neuronal markers and downregulated ZEB2 protein expression. Our results suggested that the pluripotent NCSCs from human periodontal ligament can be directed into neural lineage, which demonstrate its potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Kin Ng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
| | - Qichen Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Veronica R Fortino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Nikky Yuk-Ki Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Carlos M Carballosa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Jordan M Greenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Herman S Cheung
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
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32
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Ren Z, Yu J, Wu Z, Si W, Li X, Liu Y, Zhou J, Deng R, Chen D. MicroRNA-210-5p Contributes to Cognitive Impairment in Early Vascular Dementia Rat Model Through Targeting Snap25. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:388. [PMID: 30483048 PMCID: PMC6243094 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly people. However, little is understood about the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in cognitive impairment in early VD. Here, a VD model induced by chronic cerebral ischemia and fetal bovine serum (FBS)-free cell model that detects synapse formation was established to investigate the function of miRNAs in early VD. The microarray analysis and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that miR-210-5p increased significantly in the hippocampus of rats with 4 weeks of ischemia. The VD model rats also displayed significant cognitive deficits and synaptic loss. The overexpression of miR-210-5p decreased the synaptic number in primary hippocampal neurons, whereas specific suppression of miR-210-5p resulted in the formation of more synapses. Additionally, intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of miR-210-5p agomir to VD rats aggravated phenotypes of cognitive impairment and synaptic loss. These VD-induced phenotypes were effectively attenuated by miR-210-5p antagomir. Moreover, bioinformatic prediction revealed that synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 KDa (Snap25) mRNA is targeted by miR-210-5p. The miR-210-5p decreased the luciferase activities of 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of Snap25 mRNA. Mutation of predicted miR-210-5p binding sites in the 3’ UTR of Snap25 mRNA abolished the miR-210-5p-induced decrease in luciferase activity. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining confirmed that miR-210-5p targets Snap25. Finally, RT-quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining detected that miR-210-5p agomir downregulated Snap25 expression in the cornu ammonis1 (CA1) region of hippocampi in VD rats, whereas miR-210-5p antagomir upregulated Snap25 expression. Altogether, miR-210-5p contributes to cognitive impairment in chronic ischemia-induced VD model through the regulation of Snap25 expression, which potentially provides an opportunity to develop a new therapeutic strategy for VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Ren
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junlong Yu
- College of Basic Medicine, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zimei Wu
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Si
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqian Li
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rudong Deng
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Anatomy, The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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33
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Romer-Seibert JS, Hartman NW, Moss EG. The RNA-binding protein LIN28 controls progenitor and neuronal cell fate during postnatal neurogenesis. FASEB J 2018; 33:3291-3303. [PMID: 30423261 PMCID: PMC6404560 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801118r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein LIN28 is known to regulate cell fate, tissue growth, and pluripotency; however, a unified understanding of its role at the cellular level has not been achieved. Here, we address its developmental activity in mammalian postnatal neurogenesis. Constitutive expression of LIN28 in progenitor cells of the mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) caused several distinct effects: 1) the number of differentiated neurons in the olfactory bulb was dramatically reduced, whereas the relative abundance of 2 neuronal subtypes was significantly altered, 2) the population of proliferating neural progenitors in the SVZ was reduced, whereas the proportion of neuroblasts was increased, and 3) the number of astrocytes was reduced, occasionally causing them to appear early. Thus, LIN28 acts at a poststem cell/predifferentiation step, and its continuous expression caused a precocious phenotype unlike in other experimental systems. Furthermore, for the first time in a vertebrate system, we separate the majority of the biologic role of LIN28 from its known activity of blocking the microRNA let-7 by using a circular RNA sponge. We find that although LIN28 has a multifaceted role in the number and types of cells produced during postnatal neurogenesis, it appears that its action through let-7 is responsible for only a fraction of these effects.—Romer-Seibert, J. S., Hartman, N. W., Moss, E. G. The RNA-binding protein LIN28 controls progenitor and neuronal cell fate during postnatal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Romer-Seibert
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
| | - Nathaniel W Hartman
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Stockton University, Galloway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Eric G Moss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey, USA; and
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34
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Soula A, Valere M, López-González MJ, Ury-Thiery V, Groppi A, Landry M, Nikolski M, Favereaux A. Small RNA-Seq reveals novel miRNAs shaping the transcriptomic identity of rat brain structures. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800018. [PMID: 30456375 PMCID: PMC6238413 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small RNA-Seq of the rat central nervous system reveals known and novel miRNAs specifically regulated in brain structures and correlated with the expression of their predicted target genes, suggesting a critical role in the transcriptomic identity of brain structures. In the central nervous system (CNS), miRNAs are involved in key functions, such as neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, they are essential to define specific transcriptomes in tissues and cells. However, few studies were performed to determine the miRNome of the different structures of the rat CNS, although a major model in neuroscience. Here, we determined by small RNA-Seq, the miRNome of the olfactory bulb, the hippocampus, the cortex, the striatum, and the spinal cord and showed the expression of 365 known miRNAs and 90 novel miRNAs. Differential expression analysis showed that several miRNAs were specifically enriched/depleted in these CNS structures. Transcriptome analysis by mRNA-Seq and correlation based on miRNA target predictions suggest that the specifically enriched/depleted miRNAs have a strong impact on the transcriptomic identity of the CNS structures. Altogether, these results suggest the critical role played by these enriched/depleted miRNAs, in particular the novel miRNAs, in the functional identities of CNS structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Soula
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mélissa Valere
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - María-José López-González
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vicky Ury-Thiery
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Groppi
- Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marc Landry
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
| | - Macha Nikolski
- Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS/Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Alexandre Favereaux
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France
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35
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Dong J, Liu Y, Zhan Z, Wang X. MicroRNA-132 is associated with the cognition improvement following voluntary exercise in SAMP8 mice. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:80-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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36
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Hadar A, Milanesi E, Walczak M, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M, Kuźnicki J, Squassina A, Niola P, Chillotti C, Attems J, Gozes I, Gurwitz D. SIRT1, miR-132 and miR-212 link human longevity to Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8465. [PMID: 29855513 PMCID: PMC5981646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Centenarians - reaching the age of >100 years while maintaining good cognitive skills - seemingly have unique biological features allowing healthy aging and protection from dementia. Here, we studied the expression of SIRT1 along with miR-132 and miR-212, two microRNAs known to regulate SIRT1, in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 45 healthy donors aged 21 to 105 years and 24 AD patients, and in postmortem olfactory bulb and hippocampus tissues from 14 AD patients and 20 age-matched non-demented individuals. We observed 4.0-fold (P = 0.001) lower expression of SIRT1, and correspondingly higher expression of miR-132 (1.7-fold; P = 0.014) and miR-212 (2.1-fold; P = 0.036), in LCLs from AD patients compared with age-matched healthy controls. Additionally, SIRT1 expression was 2.2-fold (P = 0.001) higher in centenarian LCLs compared with LCLs from individuals aged 56-82 years; while centenarian LCLs miR-132 and miR-212 indicated 7.6-fold and 4.1-fold lower expression, respectively. Correlations of SIRT1, miR-132 and miR-212 expression with cognitive scores were observed for AD patient-derived LCLs and postmortem AD olfactory bulb and hippocampus tissues, suggesting that higher SIRT1 expression, possibly mediated by lower miR-132 and miR-212, may protect aged individuals from dementia and is reflected in their peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hadar
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - E Milanesi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Walczak
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kuźnicki
- The International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - P Niola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - C Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - J Attems
- Institute of Neuroscience and Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - I Gozes
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
- Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - D Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
- Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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37
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Zhao H, Wang S, Guo L, Du Y, Liu L, Ma T, Otecko NO, Li C, Zhang Y. Fixed differences in the 3'UTR of buffalo PRNP gene provide binding sites for miRNAs post-transcriptional regulation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:46006-46019. [PMID: 28545018 PMCID: PMC5542244 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, a member of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, has not been reported in buffaloes, Bubalus bubalis. Prion protein (PrP), encoded by the prion protein gene (PRNP), is fundamental in the pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. We previously showed that buffaloes express more PrP proteins but lower PRNP mRNA than cattle in several pivotal tissues like the obex. Therefore, we sought to establish whether genetic variability in PRNP 3'UTR, mediated by miRNA down-regulation, causes PrP expression differences between cattle and buffaloes. We annotated the 3'UTR of buffalo PRNP gene by 3'RACE experiment. A total of 92 fixed differences in the complete 3'UTR (~ 3 kb) were identified between 13 cattle and 13 buffaloes. Resequencing of UTR-C (g.786-1436) and UTR-B (g.778-1456) fragments confirmed that all mutations except g.1022T in cattle are fixed differences between 147 cattle and 146 buffaloes. In addition, analysis of the variation of ΔG between cattle and buffalo sequences reveals four remarkable differences. Two buffalo-specific insertion sites (a 28-bp insertion and an AG insertion in buffalo 3'UTR of PRNP g.970-997 and g. 1088-1089, respectively) and two mutants (g. 1007-1008 TG→CC) create compatible binding sites for miRNAs in buffalo 3'UTR. This was validated through luciferase reporter assays which demonstrated that miR-125b-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-331-3p, and miR-338-3p directly act on the fixed difference sites in buffalo 3'UTR. Additional expressional analyses show that these five miRNAs are coexpressed with PRNP in bovine obex tissues. Our study reveals a miRNAs regulated mechanism explaining the differences in prion expression between cattle and buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Diversity and Evolution of High Education in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Tengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Newton O Otecko
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, P.R. China
| | - Canpeng Li
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P.R. China
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38
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Mendoza-Viveros L, Obrietan K, Cheng HYM. Commentary: miR-132/212 Modulates Seasonal Adaptation and Dendritic Morphology of the Central Circadian Clock. JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY & NEUROMEDICINE 2018; 3:21-25. [PMID: 29682634 PMCID: PMC5906796 DOI: 10.29245/2572.942x/2017/1.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Daily rhythms in behavior and physiology are coordinated by an endogenous clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. This central pacemaker also relays day length information to allow for seasonal adaptation, a process for which melatonin signaling is essential. How the SCN encodes day length is not fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by directing target mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. The miR-132/212 cluster plays a key role in facilitating neuronal plasticity, and miR-132 has been shown previously to modulate resetting of the central clock. A recent study from our group showed that miR-132/212 in mice is required for optimal adaptation to seasons and non-24-hour light/dark cycles through regulation of its target gene, methyl CpG-binding protein (MeCP2), in the SCN and dendritic spine density of SCN neurons. Furthermore, in the seasonal rodent Mesocricetus auratus (Syrian hamster), adaptation to short photoperiods is accompanied by structural plasticity in the SCN independently of melatonin signaling, thus further supporting a key role for SCN structural and, in turn, functional plasticity in the coding of day length. In this commentary, we discuss our recent findings in context of what is known about day length encoding by the SCN, and propose future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Mendoza-Viveros
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Karl Obrietan
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hai-Ying M. Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
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39
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Fan C, Zhu X, Song Q, Wang P, Liu Z, Yu SY. MiR-134 modulates chronic stress-induced structural plasticity and depression-like behaviors via downregulation of Limk1/cofilin signaling in rats. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:364-376. [PMID: 29329879 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that depression is a neuropsychiatric condition associated with neuroplasticity within specific brain regions. However, the mechanisms by which neuroplasticity exerts its effects in depression remain largely uncharacterized. In the present study we show that chronic stress effectively induces depression-like behaviors in rats, an effect which was associated with structural changes in dendritic spines and synapse abnormalities within neurons of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Moreover, unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) exposure significantly increased the expression of miR-134 within the vmPFC, an effect which was paralleled with a decrease in the levels of expression and phosphorylation of the synapse-associated proteins, LIM-domain kinase 1 (Limk1) and cofilin. An intracerebral infusion of the adenovirus associated virus (AAV)-miR-134-sponge into the vmPFC of stressed rats, which blocks mir-134 function, significantly ameliorated neuronal structural abnormalities, biochemical changes and depression-like behaviors. Chronic administration of ginsenoside Rg1 (40 mg/kg, 5 weeks), a potential neuroprotective agent extracted from ginseng, significantly ameliorated the behavioral and biochemical changes induced by UCMS exposure. These results suggest that miR-134-mediated dysregulation of structural plasticity may be related to the display of depression-like behaviors in stressed rats. The neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which produces an antidepressant like effect in this model of depression, appears to result from modulation of the miR-134 signaling pathway within the vmPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqin Fan
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China
| | - Qiqi Song
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China
| | - Zhuxi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China
| | - Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China.
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40
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Bugeon S, de Chevigny A, Boutin C, Coré N, Wild S, Bosio A, Cremer H, Beclin C. Direct and efficient transfection of mouse neural stem cells and mature neurons by in vivo mRNA electroporation. Development 2017; 144:3968-3977. [PMID: 28982684 DOI: 10.1242/dev.151381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In vivo brain electroporation of DNA expression vectors is a widely used method for lineage and gene function studies in the developing and postnatal brain. However, transfection efficiency of DNA is limited and adult brain tissue is refractory to electroporation. Here, we present a systematic study of mRNA as a vector for acute genetic manipulation in the developing and adult brain. We demonstrate that mRNA electroporation is far more efficient than DNA electroporation, and leads to faster and more homogeneous protein expression in vivo Importantly, mRNA electroporation allows the manipulation of neural stem cells and postmitotic neurons in the adult brain using minimally invasive procedures. Finally, we show that this approach can be efficiently used for functional studies, as exemplified by transient overexpression of the neurogenic factor Myt1l and by stably inactivating Dicer nuclease in vivo in adult born olfactory bulb interneurons and in fully integrated cortical projection neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bugeon
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, Marseille 13009, France
| | | | - Camille Boutin
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Nathalie Coré
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach 51429, Germany
| | | | - Harold Cremer
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Christophe Beclin
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, Marseille 13009, France
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41
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Saraiva C, Esteves M, Bernardino L. MicroRNA: Basic concepts and implications for regeneration and repair of neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 141:118-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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42
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Salta E, De Strooper B. microRNA-132: a key noncoding RNA operating in the cellular phase of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2017; 31:424-433. [PMID: 28148775 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the consideration of the broad involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of molecular networks in the brain, it is not surprising that miRNA dysregulation causes neurodegeneration in animal models. miRNA profiling in the human brain has revealed miR-132 as one of the most severely down-regulated miRNAs at the intermediate and late Braak stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as in other neurodegenerative disorders. Suppression of miR-132 aggravates multiple layers of pathology at the molecular and functional level. We describe the potential therapeutic implications of these findings and suggest miRNA targeting or replacement as a realistic multi-hit, therapeutic strategy for AD. Salta, E., De Strooper, B. microRNA-132: a key noncoding RNA operating in the cellular phase of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Salta
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Brain and Disease, VIB-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; .,Center for Human Genetics, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Bart De Strooper
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Brain and Disease, VIB-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; .,Center for Human Genetics, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and.,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Zhang S, Liang Z, Sun W, Pei L. Repeated propofol anesthesia induced downregulation of hippocampal miR-132 and learning and memory impairment of rats. Brain Res 2017; 1670:156-164. [PMID: 28465226 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have reported that neonatal exposure to propofol may cause neurotoxicity in the hippocampus, involving long-term neurodevelopmental impairments. We aimed to detect real-time changes of miR-132 of neonatal rats exposed to propofol anesthesia and to characterize subsequent changes in learning and memory. Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with 40mg/kg propofol at 0, 120, and 240 min or with isotonic fat emulsion as controls. Expression levels of miR-132 were assessed, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of p250GAP, a prominent target for miR-132, were evaluated at different time points during development. Dendritic spines were counted, and the learning and memory abilities were also investigated. We found that repeated propofol anesthesia resulted in a significant downregulation of miR-132 levels and a decrease in the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus leading to learning and memory dysfunction. Therefore, repeated propofol anesthesia induces downregulation of miR-132 and learning and memory impairment in the hippocampus of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zuodi Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenchong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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44
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Mendoza-Viveros L, Chiang CK, Ong JLK, Hegazi S, Cheng AH, Bouchard-Cannon P, Fana M, Lowden C, Zhang P, Bothorel B, Michniewicz MG, Magill ST, Holmes MM, Goodman RH, Simonneaux V, Figeys D, Cheng HYM. miR-132/212 Modulates Seasonal Adaptation and Dendritic Morphology of the Central Circadian Clock. Cell Rep 2017; 19:505-520. [PMID: 28423315 PMCID: PMC5864111 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), encodes day length information by mechanisms that are not well understood. Here, we report that genetic ablation of miR-132/212 alters entrainment to different day lengths and non-24 hr day-night cycles, as well as photoperiodic regulation of Period2 expression in the SCN. SCN neurons from miR-132/212-deficient mice have significantly reduced dendritic spine density, along with altered methyl CpG-binding protein (MeCP2) rhythms. In Syrian hamsters, a model seasonal rodent, day length regulates spine density on SCN neurons in a melatonin-independent manner, as well as expression of miR-132, miR-212, and their direct target, MeCP2. Genetic disruption of Mecp2 fully restores the level of dendritic spines of miR-132/212-deficient SCN neurons. Our results reveal that, by regulating the dendritic structure of SCN neurons through a MeCP2-dependent mechanism, miR-132/212 affects the capacity of the SCN to encode seasonal time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Mendoza-Viveros
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Cheng-Kang Chiang
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jonathan L K Ong
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Sara Hegazi
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Arthur H Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Pascale Bouchard-Cannon
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Michael Fana
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Christopher Lowden
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Béatrice Bothorel
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR CNRS 3212, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthew G Michniewicz
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Stephen T Magill
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa M Holmes
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Richard H Goodman
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Valérie Simonneaux
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR CNRS 3212, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 180 Dundas Street West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - Hai-Ying M Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
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45
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Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and common psychiatric disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. The most common treatment methods for MDD are antidepressant drugs, many of which act by regulating monoamines by inhibiting pre-synaptic reuptake and/or by modulating monoamine receptors. Despite advances in antidepressants and other treatment options, therapy is often based on subjective decisions made by the physician. Moreover, it requires time to determine treatment outcome and to define whether the prescribed treatment is effective. Biomarkers may help identify individuals with MDD who are more likely to respond to specific antidepressant treatment and may thus provide more objectivity in treatment decision making. MicroRNA as biomarkers of antidepressant response has engendered substantial enthusiasm. In this review, we give a detailed overview of biomarkers, particularly the major studies that have investigated microRNA in relationship to antidepressant treatment response.
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46
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Ravi N, Sanchez-Guardado L, Lois C, Kelsch W. Determination of the connectivity of newborn neurons in mammalian olfactory circuits. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:849-867. [PMID: 27695873 PMCID: PMC11107630 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian olfactory bulb is a forebrain structure just one synapse downstream from the olfactory sensory neurons and performs the complex computations of sensory inputs. The formation of this sensory circuit is shaped through activity-dependent and cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that cell-type specific connectivity and the organization of synapses in dendritic compartments are determined through cell-intrinsic programs already preset in progenitor cells. These progenitor programs give rise to subpopulations within a neuron type that have distinct synaptic organizations. The intrinsically determined formation of distinct synaptic organizations requires factors from contacting cells that match the cell-intrinsic programs. While certain genes control wiring within the newly generated neurons, other regulatory genes provide intercellular signals and are only expressed in neurons that will form contacts with the newly generated cells. Here, the olfactory system has provided a useful model circuit to reveal the factors regulating assembly of the highly structured connectivity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namasivayam Ravi
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luis Sanchez-Guardado
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Carlos Lois
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| | - Wolfgang Kelsch
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
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MicroRNAs underlying memory deficits in neurodegenerative disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 73:79-86. [PMID: 27117821 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are defined by neuronal loss and often associated with dementia. Understanding the multifactorial nature of cognitive decline is of particular interest. Cell loss is certainly a possibility but also an early imbalance in the complex gene networks involved in learning and memory. The small (~22nt) non-coding microRNAs play a major role in gene expression regulation and have been linked to neuronal survival and cognition. Interestingly, changes in microRNA signatures are associated with neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we explore the role of three microRNAs, namely miR-132, miR-124 and miR-34, which are dysregulated in major neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Interestingly, these microRNAs have been associated with both memory impairment and neuronal survival, providing a potential common molecular mechanism contributing to dementia.
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48
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Li G, Ling S. MiR-124 Promotes Newborn Olfactory Bulb Neuron Dendritic Morphogenesis and Spine Density. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 61:159-168. [PMID: 27924451 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Using microarray analysis, we detected microRNA-124 (miR-124) to be abundantly expressed in the olfactory bulb (OB). miR-124 regulates adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ). However, much less is known about its role in newborn OB neurons. Here, using both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that brain-specific miR-124 affects dendritic morphogenesis and spine density in newborn OB neurons. Functional Annotation Clustering of miR-124 targets was enriched in "cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation."
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifa Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shucai Ling
- Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Jiang D, Du J, Zhang X, Zhou W, Zong L, Dong C, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen X, Jiang H. miR-124 promotes the neuronal differentiation of mouse inner ear neural stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1367-1376. [PMID: 28025992 PMCID: PMC5065304 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) act as key regulators in neuronal development, synaptic morphogenesis and plasticity. However, their role in the neuronal differentiation of inner ear neural stem cells (NSCs) remains unclear. In this study, 6 miRNAs were selected and their expression patterns during the neuronal differentiation of inner ear NSCs were examined by RT-qPCR. We demonstrated that the culture of spiral ganglion stem cells present in the inner ears of newborn mice gave rise to neurons in vitro. The expression patterns of miR-124, miR-132, miR-134, miR-20a, miR-17-5p and miR-30a-5p were examined during a 14-day neuronal differentiation period. We found that miR-124 promoted the neuronal differentiation of and neurite outgrowth in mouse inner ear NSCs, and that the changes in the expression of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) during inner ear NSC differentiation were associated with miR-124 expression. Our findings indicate that miR-124 plays a role in the neuronal differentiation of inner ear NSCs. This finding may lead to the development of novel strategies for restoring hearing in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Du
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Chang Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Kaitian Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xihui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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50
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Rahimian P, He JJ. HIV-1 Tat-shortened neurite outgrowth through regulation of microRNA-132 and its target gene expression. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:247. [PMID: 27634380 PMCID: PMC5025601 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptodendritic damage is a pathological hallmark of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, and HIV-1 Tat protein is known to cause such injury in the central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms of Tat-induced neurite shortening, specifically the roles of miR-132, an important regulator of neurite morphogenesis in this process. METHODS The relationship between Tat expression and miR-132 expression was first determined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) in Tat-transfected astrocytes and neurons, astrocytes from Tat-transgenic mice, and HIV-infected astrocytes. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine Tat effects on expression of miR-132 target genes methyl CpG-binding protein 2, Rho GTPase activator p250GAP, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Exosomes were isolated from Tat-expressing astrocytes, and exosomal microRNA (miRNA) uptake into neurons was studied using miRNA labeling and flow cytometry. The lactate dehydrogenase release was used to determine the cytotoxicity, while immunostaining was used to determine neurite lengths and synapse formation. Tat basic domain deletion mutant and miR-132 mimic and inhibitor were used to determine the specificity of the relationship between Tat and miR-132 and its effects on astrocytes and neurons and the underlying mechanisms of Tat-induced miR-132 expression. RESULTS Tat significantly induced miR-132 expression, ensuing down-regulation of miR-132 target genes in astrocytes and neurons. miR-132 induction was associated with phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein and required the basic domain of Tat. miRNA-132 induction had no effects on astrocyte activation or survival but was involved in the direct neurotoxicity of Tat. miR-132 was present in astrocyte-derived exosomes and was taken up by neurons, causing neurite shortening. CONCLUSIONS Tat-induced miR-132 expression contributes to both direct and astrocyte-mediated Tat neurotoxicity and supports the important roles of miR-132 in controlling neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Rahimian
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
| | - Johnny J. He
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107 USA
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