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Xia W, Xu K, Wang M, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhou J, Zheng B, Zhang J. Parent-child interaction, appetite self-regulation, and BMIz in Chinese preschoolers: a mediation analysis. Public Health 2024; 235:63-70. [PMID: 39059089 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research on parent-child interaction (PCI) and its impact on children's weight status is a thriving study area. However, their potential pathways have not been established. This study investigated the association between PCI and children's body-mass index z score (BMIz) examining the role of appetite self-regulation (ASR) as a mediator. STUDY DESIGN Mediation analysis. METHODS We included children from 33 kindergartens in Wuhan with parents' consent, measuring children's height and weight, and calculating BMIz. To assess the PCI quality, we utilized the Brigance Parent-Child Interactions Scale. Additionally, children's ASR was tested by satiety responsiveness (SR) and food responsiveness (FR) using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Quantile regression was employed to examine the PCI-BMIz association, while mediation analysis was conducted to explore ASR's mediating effect on the relationship between PCI and BMIz. RESULTS Of 3973 children (53.88% boys) included in the analysis, the mean BMIz was 0.24 ± 1.13. The results revealed that children with poorer PCI quality have higher BMIz across all selected BMIz percentiles, except for the 5th percentile. Furthermore, these associations were significant across most percentiles, whether for boys or girls. Mediation analysis suggested that these associations were partially mediated by children's ASR (indFR = -0.026, PFR < 0.001; indSR = -0.058, PSR < 0.001), with stronger effects observed among boys. CONCLUSION The variation in how strongly BMIz was linked to PCI across different percentiles suggests that children with poorer PCI have higher BMIz. The link is partially mediated through children's ASR. It's important to pay attention to the PCI quality in children with higher BMIz levels, especially in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xia
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - K Xu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Evidence-based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - B Zheng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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2
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Kim CN, Messito MJ, Duh-Leong C, Katzow M, Teli R, Gross RS. The effects of parent-child dysfunctional interactions on early childhood weight: A serial mediation model through emotional feeding and child appetite traits. Appetite 2024; 200:107564. [PMID: 38897417 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parent-child dysfunctional interactions (PCDI) are known to contribute to children's weight status. However, the underlying mechanisms in how dysfunctional interactions between parent and child influence child weight are not clear. This study investigates the impact of PCDI on toddlers' weight, focusing on the potential serial mediation by maternal emotional feeding and child appetite traits. We conducted a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from a larger intervention trial to prevent childhood obesity in low-income Hispanic families. A total of 241 mother-child dyads were included in these analyses. Measurements were taken at various stages: PCDI at child age 19 months, maternal emotional feeding at 28 months, and both child appetite traits and weight-for-age z-score (WFAz) at 36 months. Serial mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of early PCDI on later child WFAz through maternal emotional feeding and two child food approach traits (food responsiveness, emotional overeating) out of the eight child appetite traits assessed. PCDI at 19 months was associated with increased use of emotional feeding in mothers at 28 months, which was associated with heightened food responsiveness and emotional overeating in children at 36 months, which in turn was linked to greater child WFAz at 36 months. The findings of this study expand the understanding of the mechanisms underlying PCDI and child weight, emphasizing the interplay between maternal feeding practices and child appetite in the context of adverse parent-child interactions during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Radhika Teli
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, USA
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3
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Rhee KE, Corbett T, Patel S, Eichen DM, Strong DR, Anderson C, Marcus B, Boutelle KN. A randomized controlled trial examining general parenting training and family-based behavioral treatment for childhood obesity: The ReFRESH study design. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 142:107562. [PMID: 38704118 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) is one of the most effective treatments for childhood obesity. These programs include behavior change strategies and basic parenting training to help parents make healthy diet and physical activity changes for their children. While effective, not all families respond to this program. Additional training on how to effectively deliver these behavior change strategies may improve outcomes. The authoritative parenting style is associated with many positive academic and socio-emotional outcomes in children, and is characterized by displays of warmth and support while also being consistent with setting limits and boundaries. This parenting style has also been associated with normal weight status. Furthermore, parenting training programs that promote this parenting style for children with behavioral issues have shown unintended effects on decreasing child weight status. Therefore, our goal was to examine the effect of adding more intensive parenting training to FBT on child weight status. We randomized 140 children and their parent to either FBT or FBT + Parenting Training (FBT + PT). Assessments were conducted at baseline, mid-treatment (month 3), post-treatment (month 6), 6-month follow-up (month 12), and 12-month follow-up (month 18). Primary outcome was change in child weight status. Secondary outcomes were rates of drop-out, treatment adherence, and acceptability. If effective, this program may provide another alternative for families to help improve outcomes in childhood obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Takisha Corbett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shamin Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dawn M Eichen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David R Strong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cheryl Anderson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bess Marcus
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, School of Public Health 121 South Main Street, Box G-S121-3, Providence, RI 02912-G, USA
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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4
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Tosi M. Carry that weight: Parental separation and children's Body Mass Index from childhood to young adulthood. ADVANCES IN LIFE COURSE RESEARCH 2024; 60:100615. [PMID: 38759571 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that parental separation is associated with worse physical health and unhealthy weight gains during childhood. However, limited empirical attention has been given to the evolution of child health before, upon and following parental union dissolution. Drawing on data from the Child Development Supplement and the Transition to Adulthood Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1997-2017), I investigate whether parental union dissolution during childhood is associated with children's Body Mass Index (BMI) and the risk of developing overweight/obesity in the short and long run (n = 2675 children aged 0-12 in 1997). The results from a combination of propensity score matching and fixed-effects linear regression models show that union dissolution is associated with increases in child BMI and an increased risk of developing overweight/obesity. These changes in children's weight status persist for at least ten years after parental separation. Unhealthy weight gains following parental separation are more pronounced among female children and those with lower-educated and non-White parents. The findings suggest that in the United States parental union dissolution contributes to increase socioeconomic inequalities in child health. Therefore, children with separated parents and lower socioeconomic backgrounds have greater risks of developing overweight/obesity and other obesity-related morbidities over their life courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tosi
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy.
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5
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Wills-Ibarra N, Chemtob K, Hart H, Frati F, Pratt KJ, Ball GD, Van Hulst A. Family systems approaches in pediatric obesity management: a scoping review. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:235. [PMID: 38566046 PMCID: PMC10985863 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Family-based obesity management interventions targeting child, adolescent and parental lifestyle behaviour modifications have shown promising results. Further intervening on the family system may lead to greater improvements in obesity management outcomes due to the broader focus on family patterns and dynamics that shape behaviours and health. This review aimed to summarize the scope of pediatric obesity management interventions informed by family systems theory (FST). Medline, Embase, CINAHL and PsycInfo were searched for articles where FST was used to inform pediatric obesity management interventions published from January 1980 to October 2023. After removal of duplicates, 6053 records were screened to determine eligibility. Data were extracted from 50 articles which met inclusion criteria; these described 27 unique FST-informed interventions. Most interventions targeted adolescents (44%), were delivered in outpatient hospital settings (37%), and were delivered in person (81%) using group session modalities (44%). Professionals most often involved were dieticians and nutritionists (48%). We identified 11 FST-related concepts that guided intervention components, including parenting skills, family communication, and social/family support. Among included studies, 33 reported intervention effects on at least one outcome, including body mass index (BMI) (n = 24), lifestyle behaviours (physical activity, diet, and sedentary behaviours) (n = 18), mental health (n = 12), FST-related outcomes (n = 10), and other outcomes (e.g., adiposity, cardiometabolic health) (n = 18). BMI generally improved following interventions, however studies relied on a variety of comparison groups to evaluate intervention effects. This scoping review synthesises the characteristics and breadth of existing FST-informed pediatric obesity management interventions and provides considerations for future practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Wills-Ibarra
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 680 Sherbrooke West Suite 1800, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Keryn Chemtob
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 680 Sherbrooke West Suite 1800, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Heather Hart
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 680 Sherbrooke West Suite 1800, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francesca Frati
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 680 Sherbrooke West Suite 1800, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Keeley J Pratt
- Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, Couple and Family Therapy Specialization, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Centre, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Geoff Dc Ball
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 680 Sherbrooke West Suite 1800, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Sherrard A, Tan CC. Children's eating behavior and weight-related outcomes: A latent profile analysis of parenting style and coparenting. Eat Behav 2024; 52:101845. [PMID: 38324958 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Parenting style is associated with children's eating behavior, yet less is known about how parenting style and coparenting are both related to children's eating behavior (food approach behavior and palatable food intake) and weight-related outcomes (concern about child weight and perceived child weight). The aims of the current research were 1) to determine family profiles based on parenting style and coparenting, 2) to examine whether the family profiles were associated with parent (sex, BMI, age) and child (sex, age) characteristics, and 3) to examine whether the family profiles differed in children's outcomes. Parents (n = 185; Mage = 36.38 years, SD = 7.69) of 3- to 8-year-old children completed an online survey. Latent profile analysis revealed three family profiles: 1) Responsive and Cooperative, 2) Minimally Structured, and 3) Demanding and Competitive. The family profiles were not related to any parent or child characteristics. The Responsive and Cooperative family profile was associated with the lowest food approach behavior, palatable food intake, and weight-related outcomes, followed by the Minimally Structured family profile, and finally the Demanding and Competitive family profile with the highest scores. These findings suggest family dynamics play an important role in children's propensity to engage in food approach behavior and palatable food intake.
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Czarniecka-Skubina E, Gutkowska K, Hamulka J. The Family Environment as a Source for Creating the Dietary Attitudes of Primary School Students-A Focus Group Interview: The Junior-Edu-Żywienie (JEŻ) Project. Nutrients 2023; 15:4930. [PMID: 38068788 PMCID: PMC10708071 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The family environment plays a crucial role in creating the health behaviours of children and youth. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of parents with children aged 7-12 who represent an influential environment for creating the eating behaviours of children. A qualitative study was conducted using focus-group interviews (FGI) involving 101 parents from various socioeconomic backgrounds. Three categories of parents were identified based on their level of involvement and awareness of nutrition: 'aware', 'determined', and 'relaxed'. Among parents of 10-12-year-old students, an additional category, 'distanced' parents, was identified. The study revealed that parents require support in terms of providing compelling arguments and practical recommendations related to meals and reducing or eliminating their children's consumption of sweets, snacks, fast food, and, in the case of older students, energy drinks. Parents reported that their children had a moderate understanding of the principles of proper nutrition. The majority of respondents viewed this knowledge as primarily theoretical and expressed a need for practical guidance and activities, which they believe should be offered by schools. To achieve positive outcomes in educational activities related to food and nutrition, it is essential to involve children, parents, guardians, teachers, and other school staff in these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Zhang X, Zhou Q, Vivor NK, Liu W, Cao J, Wang S. Sequential mediation of early temperament and eating behaviors in the pathways from feeding practices to childhood overweight and obesity. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1122645. [PMID: 37766743 PMCID: PMC10520502 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Childhood eating behaviors and temperament may have important implication for constructing the pathways from maternal feeding practices to childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB). Examining multiple feeding styles simultaneously to childhood OW/OB is critical through the mediators of early childhood temperament and eating behaviors. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited mothers mainly responsible for child care from two hospitals and two healthcare centers in eastern China. Sociodemographic characteristics, and data from the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire (IFSQ), the short form of Children Behavior Questionnaire [Revised (IBQ-RSF)], and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire for toddler (CEBQ-T) were collected. Weight and recumbent length were measured to calculate the age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) z-scores (BMIz). The structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to examine direct and indirect pathways from five maternal feeding styles to childhood OW/OB through temperament and eating behaviors. Results A total of 486 children were recruited, 73 (15.02%) children were OW/OB; the age of the children was 14.55 (SD = 5.14) months, and the age of the mothers was 29.90 (SD = 3.63) years. The responsive feeding exerted significant direct (β = -0.098), indirect (β = -0.136) and total (β = -0.234) effects on childhood OW/OB. Restrictive feeding had significant direct (β = 0.222), indirect (β = 0.102) and total (β = 0.324) effects on childhood OW/OB. Indulgent feeding had significant direct (β = 0.220), indirect (β = 0.063), and total (β = 0.283) effects on childhood OW/OB. Pressuring feeding had significant direct (β = -0.116), indirect (β = -0.096) and total (β = -0.212) effects on childhood OW/OB. Discussion There was a direct effect of feeding practices on childhood OW/OB; feeding practices indirectly predicted childhood OW/OB through temperament and eating behaviors in children aged 6-23 months. This study could help governments agencies, policymakers, and healthcare workers to establish optimal intervention programs targeting feeding practices through childhood eating behaviors and temperament to prevent childhood OW/OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Medical Nursing, Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang Subbranch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Wei Liu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junli Cao
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Magaña S, Errisuriz VL, Yu APL, Heydaria N, Zeng W, Mirza M, Vanegas S, Brown S, Parra-Medina D, Suarez-Balcazar Y. Associations between parenting strategies and BMI percentile among Latino children and youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1189686. [PMID: 37576140 PMCID: PMC10413978 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1189686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maintaining healthy weight is a challenge for all children, and particularly for children with IDD compared to nondisabled children and for Latino children compared to non-Latino White children. Parenting practices related to food intake and physical activity have been found to be important in maintaining children's weight. In this study, we describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity status among Latino children with IDD and their maternal caregivers and determine the relationship between food and physical activity parenting practices and childhood obesity among Latino children with IDD. Methods We interviewed 94 Latino parent/child dyads and collected information about parenting practices, home environment, and parent and child height and weight using standardized measures. Parent body mass index (BMI) and child BMI percentile were calculated from height and weight. Results The combined overweight/obesity status for children in our sample was high (60.3%) compared to national rates among nondisabled Latino children (56%) and non-Latino White children with autism (37%). Contrary to research on nondisabled children, we found that greater parental use of controlling dietary strategies was associated with lower BMI percentile in Latino children with IDD. These findings may be indicative of the fact that children with IDD tend to have unique dietary behaviors that warrant more disability and culturally sensitive strategies. Discussion Our findings suggest that overweight and obesity is especially prevalent for Latino children with IDD and that more research is needed on family factors that promote health in Latino families of children with IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Magaña
- Texas Center for Disability Studies, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Vanessa L. Errisuriz
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Amy Pei-Lung Yu
- Texas Center for Disability Studies, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Nazanin Heydaria
- School of Social Work, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
| | - Weiwen Zeng
- Texas Center for Disability Studies, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Mansha Mirza
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sandra Vanegas
- Texas Center for Disability Studies, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Stephany Brown
- Texas Center for Disability Studies, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Deborah Parra-Medina
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Yolanda Suarez-Balcazar
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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10
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Kakinami L, Danieles PK, Hosseininasabnajar F, Barnett TA, Henderson M, Van Hulst A, Serbin LA, Stack DM, Paradis G. The longitudinal effects of maternal parenting practices on children's body mass index z-scores are lagged and differential. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:270. [PMID: 37248489 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The longitudinal relation between parenting practices and styles with children's body mass index z-scores (zBMI) is poorly understood. Previous studies suggest the relationship may be complex, but small samples and short follow-ups diminish the strength of the evidence. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the relationship is bidirectional, time-varying, and lagged using data from a large, representative birth cohort of Quebec children. METHODS Data were from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD), a prospective birth cohort (n = 1,602). The mothers' interactions with their children (at ages 6, 8, 10, and 12 years) were utilized in factor analysis to identify three latent parenting practices (disciplinarian, lenient, and responsive). The parenting practices were analyzed with K-means clustering to identify the parenting styles. The temporal and bidirectional relationships were assessed in a cross-lagged path analysis using a structural equation modelling framework. Mixed models controlling for age, sex, income, mother's education, and whether the participant was first-born were estimated. Missing data were handled with full information maximum likelihood. RESULTS From the linear mixed models, greater lenient and responsive parenting practices were associated with higher zBMI (B = 0.03, p < 0.05) two years later. However, there was no evidence that the relationship was bidirectional nor that parenting style was predictive of children's zBMI. CONCLUSION While mothers' parenting practices were unaffected by their children's zBMI, parental practices were predictive of future zBMI among their prepubertal children. More in-depth exploration of parenting practices and their potential impact on pediatric weight is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kakinami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montréal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada.
- PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Prince Kevin Danieles
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montréal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Hosseininasabnajar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montréal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Tracie A Barnett
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lisa A Serbin
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Research in Human Development, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dale M Stack
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Research in Human Development, Montréal, Canada
| | - Gilles Paradis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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11
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Bravo P, Cárcamo R, Santos S, Ringoot A, van IJzendoorn MH, Hillegers MHJ, Jansen PW. Maternal sensitivity in early childhood and body mass index in adolescence: A population-based study on the role of self-regulation as a mediator. Appetite 2023; 182:106418. [PMID: 36521650 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Maternal sensitivity has been implicated in various aspects of child health and development, including overweight. However, long-term effects, the role of paternal sensitivity and the explanatory pathways are unclear. This study examined whether maternal sensitivity in early childhood is prospectively associated with adolescent body mass index and whether children's self-regulation mediates this relation. Data from 540 children and their mothers were available from a large cohort study in the Netherlands. Maternal sensitivity was assessed at child ages 1, 3, and at 4 years paternal sensitivity was also included. Children's self-regulation skills were observed at age 3, eating behaviour was assessed at 10 years, and child BMI was measured at 13 years. Longitudinal structural equation modelling was applied. The cross-sectional association between maternal sensitivity and child self-regulation was significant, while lower levels of self-regulation and higher levels of food responsiveness and restrained eating predicted a higher child BMI at 13 years. Furthermore, a direct association of paternal sensitivity at 4 years with BMI at 13 years was found, but only in girls. Maternal sensitivity was not directly associated with child BMI after adjusting for covariates. Our findings showed the importance of self-regulation in the early years for subsequent weight development. Nevertheless, as self-regulation could not explain the relationship between parenting and child weight, research should focus on the contribution of other contextual factors, such as feeding styles and the social environment, to this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bravo
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Cárcamo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Valdivia, Chile
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ank Ringoot
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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12
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Khosravi M, Seyedi Asl ST, Nazari Anamag A, SabzehAra Langaroudi M, Moharami J, Ahmadi S, Ganjali A, Ghiasi Z, Nafeli M, Kasaeiyan R. Parenting styles, maladaptive coping styles, and disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors: a multiple mediation analysis in patients with feeding and eating disorders. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14880. [PMID: 36793889 PMCID: PMC9924137 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although preliminary studies support the roles of unhealthy parenting styles and maladaptive coping styles in increasing rates of disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors (EAB) and clinically significant feeding and eating disorders (FED), underlying mechanisms have not been well-recognized. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with disturbed EAB and the mediating roles of overcompensation and avoidance coping styles in the relationship between different types of parenting styles and disturbed EAB among patients with FED. Methods A total of 102 patients with FED in Zahedan, Iran, participating in this cross-sectional study (from April to March 2022) completed a sociodemographic information form and self-report measures of parenting styles, maladaptive coping styles, and EAB. Model 4 of Hayes' PROCESS macro in SPSS was employed to identify and explain the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between study variables. Results The results showed that authoritarian parenting style, overcompensation and avoidance coping styles, and female gender might be related to disturbed EAB. The overall hypothesis that overcompensation and avoidance coping styles mediated the effect of fathers' and mothers' authoritarian parenting styles on disturbed EAB was also supported. Conclusions Our findings highlighted the necessity of evaluating particular unhealthy parenting styles and maladaptive coping styles as the important possible risk factors in the development and maintenance of higher level of disturbance in EAB among patients with FED. However, more research is needed to explore individual, family, and peer risk factors for disturbed EAB among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khosravi
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Nazari Anamag
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jafar Moharami
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Ahmadi
- Department of Education, Farhangian University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Ganjali
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghiasi
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Rashya Kasaeiyan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Martens A, Carpenito T, Hines M, Iizuka A, Aspinwall B, Zimmerman E. The home environment and its relation to bottle feeding outcomes in the first year of life. Midwifery 2023; 116:103542. [PMID: 36371861 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The home environment and caregiver interactions have an impact on infant development. However, there is a paucity of research surrounding the home environment and its relation to early feeding outcomes within the first year of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the home environment and infant bottle feeding outcomes at 3 and 12 months of age. METHODS Seventy-two full-term infants completed this study at 3 months of age and fifty-five infants completed the study at 12 months. Data in the current study were collected from a larger, ongoing study completed in the infant's home at 3 and 12 months of age. The Infant-Toddler Home Observation for Measurement of Environment Inventory (IT-HOME) was utilized to assess the infant's home environment. The Oral Feeding Skills (OFS) scale was completed while the infant was observed during a bottle feed. Caregivers completed a questionnaire about their infant's feeding abilities via the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool (Neo-EAT) at 3 months and Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (Pedi-EAT) at 12 months. RESULTS At 3 months of age, the IT-HOME Involvement subscale was associated with an increase in the amount of milk provided in the infant's bottle. There were no significant associations between the IT-HOME and caregiver report of feeding at 3 months of age. At 12 months of age, the IT-HOME Acceptance subscale was associated with an increase in oral transfer rate and the IT-HOME Variety subscale was associated with a decrease in oral transfer rate. Additionally, the IT-HOME Organization subscale was associated with caregiver report of feeding on the following Pedi-EAT scales: Mealtime Behaviors, Selective Restrictive Eating, and Oral Processing at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal that the home environment is significantly related to different infant bottle feeding outcomes over the first year of life. At 3 months, IT-HOME Involvement was associated with the amount of milk offered in the bottle, whereas at 12 months of age, subscales of the IT-HOME were associated with oral feeding transfer rate and caregiver report of feeding. Clinically, these findings point to the importance of considering the infant's bottle feeding skills in conjunction with certain aspect within the infant's environment. Additional research is needed to further explore these relationships in greater detail, with a larger sample size and across patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina Martens
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, 228C Forsyth Building, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Thomas Carpenito
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Morgan Hines
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, 228C Forsyth Building, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Alicia Iizuka
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, 228C Forsyth Building, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Billi Aspinwall
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, 228C Forsyth Building, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Emily Zimmerman
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, 228C Forsyth Building, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Association between Fathers' and Mothers' Parenting Styles and the Risk of Overweight/Obesity among Adolescents in San José Province, Costa Rica. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245328. [PMID: 36558486 PMCID: PMC9781581 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenting styles are a risk factor for adolescents overweight/obesity worldwide, but this association is not well understood in the context of Latin America. This study examines the association between the parenting styles of mothers and fathers and the risk of overweight/obesity among Costa Rican adolescents. Data are cross-sectional from a sample of adolescents (13-18 years old) enrolled in ten urban and eight rural schools (n = 18) in the province of San José, Costa Rica, in 2017. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the likelihood of adolescents being overweight according to the mothers' and fathers' parenting styles. A significant association was found between the risk of adolescent overweight/obesity and the paternal authoritarian style only in rural areas (B = 0.622, SE = 0.317, Wald = 3.864, ExpB = 1.863, p = 0.04), and between said risk and the paternal permissive style only in male adolescents (B = 0.901, SE = 0.435, Wald = 4.286, ExpB = 2.461, p = 0.038). For maternal parenting styles, no associations reached significant levels once logistic regression models were adjusted for the fathers' parenting styles. These findings underscore the importance of further studying the role of fathers' paternal parenting styles on Latin American adolescent weight outcomes. Expanding our understanding of the parenting styles of fathers has important implications for the design and implementation of culturally- and gender-appropriate family interventions.
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15
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Leuba AL, Meyer AH, Kakebeeke TH, Stülb K, Arhab A, Zysset AE, Leeger-Aschmann CS, Schmutz EA, Kriemler S, Jenni OG, Puder JJ, Munsch S, Messerli-Bürgy N. The relationship of parenting style and eating behavior in preschool children. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:275. [PMID: 36419113 PMCID: PMC9682652 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating behavior represents individual appetitive traits which are related to the individual's regulation of food intake. Eating behavior develops at an early age. There is some evidence that parenting styles might impact on the child's eating behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of different dimensions of positive and negative parenting styles with the child's eating behavior at a critical age period of the child's early development. METHODS Parents of 511 preschool children (aged 2-6 years) completed the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire and the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire. RESULTS Analyses revealed that different dimensions of negative parenting styles were associated with eating behavior of the child. In details, inconsistent parenting showed a consistent association with eating behavior of a child (i.e. higher emotional eating, higher food responsiveness, higher food fussiness, higher satiety responsiveness and more enjoyment of food), whereas corporal punishment was associated with more emotional overeating and more food responsiveness but less satiety responsiveness. Further, powerful implementation was related to higher food responsiveness and less enjoyment of food and low monitoring was associated with higher emotional overeating and more slowness in eating. There was no such consistent association of positive parenting and eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS More negative parenting styles were associated with eating behavior which is more often related to potential weight problems in a long term, whereas positive parenting did not show such a consistent relationship with eating behavior. Negative parenting should be in the focus of prevention and treatment of eating behavior problems in young children. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN41045021 (06/05/2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaëlle L. Leuba
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.A. de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute of Psychology, FADO, University of Lausanne, Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea H. Meyer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Rue P.A. de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department for Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62A, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tanja H. Kakebeeke
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Stülb
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Rue P.A. de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Amar Arhab
- Obstetric Service, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Annina E. Zysset
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia S. Leeger-Aschmann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Einat A. Schmutz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G. Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jardena J. Puder
- Obstetric Service, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone Munsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Rue P.A. de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Messerli-Bürgy
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.A. de Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute of Psychology, FADO, University of Lausanne, Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Nagpal N, Messito MJ, Katzow M, Gross RS. Obesity in Children. Pediatr Rev 2022; 43:601-617. [PMID: 36316265 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2021-005095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Child obesity is widely prevalent, and general pediatricians play an important role in identifying and caring for patients with obesity. Appropriate evaluation and treatment require an understanding of the complex etiology of child obesity, its intergenerational transmission, and its epidemiologic trends, including racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities. The American Academy of Pediatrics has published screening, evaluation, and treatment guidelines based on the best available evidence. However, gaps in evidence remain, and implementation of evidence-based recommendations can be challenging. It is important to review optimal care in both the primary care and multidisciplinary weight management settings. This allows for timely evaluation and appropriate referrals, with the pediatrician playing a key role in advocating for patients at higher risk. There is also a role for larger-scale prevention and policy measures that would not only aid pediatricians in managing obesity but greatly benefit child health on a population scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Nagpal
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.,Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY
| | - Mary Jo Messito
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.,Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY
| | - Michelle Katzow
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Rachel S Gross
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.,Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY
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17
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Wang L, Morelen D, Alamian A. A prospective cohort study of the association between key family and individual factors and obesity status among youth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15666. [PMID: 36123368 PMCID: PMC9485130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There remains a significant gap in our knowledge of the synergistic nature of family dynamics, child characteristics, and child-rearing features in the etiology of obesity from childhood through adolescence. We assessed the associations of family dynamics (poverty, family structure), child characteristics (child temperament), and child-rearing features (maternal depression, maternal sensitivity, and type of child care) with the development of childhood obesity. Children (n = 1240) whose weights and heights were measured at least once for ten time points (from 2 years through 15 years) from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were included. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the associations of family and individual factors with the childhood obesity after adjusting for covariates. Adjusted GEE models showed that living below poverty level was associated with an increased odds of obesity (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.05, 2.53). Among these key family and individual factors, poverty status was observed to be the strongest predictor of obesity of offspring across time. Findings highlight the importance of systemic-level public health changes in obesity reduction efforts and suggest that poverty-reduction based prevention and intervention are likely more effective targets than more individual/family specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
| | - Diana Morelen
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Arsham Alamian
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
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18
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Lee KM, Arriola-Sanchez L, Lumeng JC, Gearhardt A, Tomiyama AJ. Weight Stigma by Association Among Parents of Children With Obesity: A Randomized Trial. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:754-760. [PMID: 34610460 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To experimentally test weight stigma and weight stigma by association in a parent-child relationship using a large, community-based sample. METHODS We conducted a randomized experiment on Amazon Mechanical Turk using an online survey. Participants were randomly assigned to view a picture of a parent-child dyad, for which the parent and child's gender (male vs. female) and weight status (with obesity vs. without obesity) were manipulated. Participants read identical parenting descriptions that adhered to the American Academy of Pediatrics' parenting recommendations, then rated the parent's perceived effectiveness, helpfulness, and level of caring using a parenting questionnaire based on Barnhart et al (2013). RESULTS Participants (N = 1862; Mage = 36.8 [11.2] years) rated parents of children with obesity as less effective compared to parents of children without obesity (P = .010) and parents with obesity as less effective compared to parents without obesity (P = .033). Participants also rated parents with obesity as less helpful compared to parents without obesity (P = .021). No differences emerged in perceived caring. Parenting evaluations did not differ across daughters versus sons or mothers versus fathers. CONCLUSIONS Parents of children with obesity may experience weight stigma by association, which could have direct consequences for the parents, the children, and the parent-child relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (KM Lee, L Arriola-Sanchez, and AJ Tomiyama)
| | - Lauren Arriola-Sanchez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (KM Lee, L Arriola-Sanchez, and AJ Tomiyama)
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, and Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan (JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ashley Gearhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan (A Gearhardt), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - A Janet Tomiyama
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles (KM Lee, L Arriola-Sanchez, and AJ Tomiyama).
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19
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Rollins BY, Francis LA, Riggs NR. Family Psychosocial Assets, Child Behavioral Regulation, and Obesity. Pediatrics 2022; 149:184741. [PMID: 35128559 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-052918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Little attention has been given to the study of early childhood factors that protect against the development of obesity and severe obesity. We investigated whether exposure to familial psychosocial assets and risks in infancy (1-15 months) and early childhood (24-54 months) and child behavioral regulation in early childhood predict longitudinal change in BMI (2 to 15 years). METHODS Participants included 1077 predominantly non-Hispanic, White, English-speaking mother-child dyads from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development dataset. Cumulative familial asset and risk indices were created using measures (eg, maternal parenting sensitivity, poverty) from 2 developmental periods (1-15 months, 24-54 months). A child behavioral regulation index was created on the basis of behavioral tasks and parent reports. Previously published BMI trajectories (nonoverweight [40th percentile], nonoverweight [70th percentile], overweight/obese, severely obese) were used as the outcome. RESULTS All indices predicted membership in the overweight/obese trajectory; however, when entered into the same model, only familial assets continued to reduce the odds of membership in this trajectory. Familial assets and child behavioral regulation independently reduced the odds of membership in the severely obese trajectory. Furthermore, child behavioral regulation and familial assets buffered the negative effects of familial risk on BMI trajectory membership. CONCLUSIONS Early exposure to familial assets and child behavioral regulation may have long-term protective effects on weight gain over early exposure to some familial risk factors (eg, poverty); thus, these indices may help foster obesity resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi Y Rollins
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Lori A Francis
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Nathaniel R Riggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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20
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Schlensog-Schuster F, Klein AM, Biringen Z, von Klitzing K, Bergmann S. Maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness in early childhood as predictors of children's weight at school age. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12842. [PMID: 34553841 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While previous research indicates that low maternal sensitivity in mother-child interactions puts children at risk of overweight and obesity, maternal intrusiveness has rarely been investigated in association with children's weight. We investigated whether maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness in early childhood predict children's increased body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS) at school age. BMI-SDS are standardized for age and gender with respect to a reference standard. METHODS At baseline (t1), we assessed maternal sensitivity and (non-)intrusiveness of 116 mothers with their children (48.3% female) aged 5-47 months (M = 24.00, SD = 11.36) using the emotional availability scales. We obtained anthropometric data for mothers at t1 by measuring height and weight in the laboratory and for children at birth assessed by medical staff. Six years later (t2) we obtained anthropometric data for children in the laboratory or based on parental report. Linear regression analyses were run with child BMI-SDS at t2 as outcome and sensitivity and (non-)intrusiveness as predictors, adjusting for confounders and exploring child age and gender as moderators. RESULTS Maternal sensitivity only negatively predicted children's BMI-SDS in girls, while maternal intrusiveness predicted higher child BMI-SDS at school age regardless of child gender. The effect of maternal non-intrusiveness remained significant when controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION Maternal intrusiveness in early childhood seems to represent a risk factor for increased BMI-SDS in children, while lower maternal sensitivity tends to be a risk factor for increased BMI-SDS in girls. This may have implications for prevention or intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schlensog-Schuster
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Zeynep Biringen
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kai von Klitzing
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Bergmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,International Psychoanalytic University, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Little S, Rice A. Considering Autonomous Exploration in Healthy Environments: Reflections from an Urban Wildscape. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11867. [PMID: 34831625 PMCID: PMC8624471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous exploration should be considered in the creation of healthy environments since autonomy is an important developmental experience for children. For a group of boys in Raleigh, N.C., U.S. during the period 2002-2006, autonomous exploration was a meaningful experience. Results of a qualitative research project (n = 5) which highlight the importance of autonomous exploration are organized within a proposed framework for thick description. The framework creates verisimilitude by reporting on the context, social action and cultural context, and behavior and intentionality. The context of Raleigh and urban wildscapes furnished areas ripe for exploration. The social action and cultural context of attachment supported the autonomous exploration through scaffolded experiences of autonomy. The intentionality of the behavior was a desire to distinct themselves through a focus on individual development and the pursuit of extraordinary experiences. The ultimate outcomes of autonomous exploration for the boys were the development of long-term, intimate friendships and confidence in their decision-making ability. As cities become more health-focused, attention should be paid to preserve the rough edges of a city for children to explore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Little
- Landscape Architecture, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Art Rice
- Landscape Architecture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA;
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A Systematic Review on Foster Parents' Psychological Adjustment and Parenting Style-An Evaluation of Foster Parents and Foster Children Variables. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010916. [PMID: 34682659 PMCID: PMC8535523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The current systematic review aimed to evaluate the variables influencing foster parents’ parenting stress, distress and parenting style, thereby supporting their adjustment and well-being as well as that of foster children. A PRISMA-guided search was conducted in three databases. Observational studies examining parenting stress, parenting distress (subsuming anxiety, depression and stress symptoms) and parenting style—all assessed through validated tools—were considered. A total of 16 studies were included, comprising N = 1794 non-relative foster parents (age range = 30–67 years). Results showed heightened parenting stress over time, both overall and compared to parents at large. Neither foster parents’ nor foster children’s socio-demographic characteristics significantly contributed to the increase in parenting stress; yet child-related stress and children’s externalizing problems were its main predictors. Foster parents’ couple cooperation was associated with reduced parenting stress. Moreover, the authoritative parenting style was associated with parental warmth, while the authoritarian style was associated with foster parents’ greater perceived burden, greater criticism and rejection toward the foster child. Evidence supports the mutual influence between foster parents and children. Foster care services should support foster parents’ needs within a concentric modular system, to ultimately provide better care for both foster parents and children.
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El Mouallem R, Malaeb D, Akel M, Hallit S, Fadous Khalife MC. Food neophobia in Lebanese children: scale validation and correlates. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5015-5023. [PMID: 33431077 PMCID: PMC11082810 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) and determine factors associated with the presence of food neophobia (FN) in a sample of Lebanese children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted between July and December 2019. SETTING All Lebanese governorates. PARTICIPANTS Parents of Lebanese children aged 2 to 10 years. RESULTS Out of 850 questionnaires, 194 were excluded. The mean age of children was 5·34 ± 2·20 years (50·8 % females); 238 (36·4 %) had low neophobia scores (≤37), whereas 219 (33·5 %) and 197 (30·1 %) had, respectively, moderate (between 38 and 41) and severe neophobia scores (≥42). All items of the FNS were extracted except item 8 and yielded a two-factor solution with Eigenvalues > 1 (variance explained = 51·64 %; Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test = 0·746; Bartlett's sphericity test P < 0·001; αCronbach = 0·739). Children who refused initially to eat vegetables (β = 5·51), fish (β = 4·57), fruits (β = 4·75) or eggs (β = 2·99) and higher parents' instrumental feeding scores (β = 0·3) were significantly associated with higher neophobia scores, whereas higher parents' encouragement scores (β = -0·21) were significantly associated with lower neophobia scores in children. CONCLUSION FN is common in children. Neophobic children tend to have lower variety in their diets. One of the ways to lower the levels of neophobia is the use of encouragement by the parents. In contrast, offering a reward to children for them to eat a certain food was associated with more signs of avoidance. More studies should be conducted to evaluate awareness levels concerning FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane El Mouallem
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Mseitbeh, Beirut, Lebanon
- Life Sciences and Health Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Mseitbeh, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie-Claude Fadous Khalife
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Department, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
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Selland CA, Huber-Johnson EC, Bowne M, Meendering JR. Influence of Parenting Style on Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X211045528. [PMID: 34527767 PMCID: PMC8436283 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x211045528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to determine the influence of parenting style on body mass index (BMI) percentile, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time (ST) in children. Accelerometers were used to assess PA and ST in 152 fifth-grade children. Parenting style was assessed by the child participants’ responses to modified questions from the Parenting Style Inventory II and dichotomized as authoritative or non-authoritative. Multiple linear regression analyses were utilized to identify significant predictors of outcomes of interest. Parenting style did not predict ST or any intensity of PA; however, BMI percentile and gender were significant predictors of moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensity PA, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (P < .01). BMI percentile was predicted to be lower in females with authoritative mothers (P < .01). While authoritative and non-authoritative parenting style did not predict objectively measured PA or ST in early adolescents, authoritative parenting style did predict BMI percentile in female participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary Bowne
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Emotion dysregulation and pediatric obesity: investigating the role of Internet addiction and eating behaviors on this relationship in an adolescent sample. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1767-1779. [PMID: 32893330 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The first aim was to investigate whether there was a mediator role of Internet addiction or uncontrolled/emotional eating on the association between emotion dysregulation and body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS). The second aim was to detect which of these variables (emotion dysregulation, Internet addiction, and uncontrolled/emotional eating) significantly affect the presence of obesity (OB). METHODS A total of 123 adolescents (OB (n = 65, 57% of girls, mean age = 15 ± 1.9, BMI percentile between 95 and 99) and healthy control (HC) (n = 58; 53% of girls, mean age = 15.5 ± 1.8, BMI percentile between 1 and 84) aged between 11 and 18 were recruited. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were completed by adolescents. Uncontrolled and emotional eating behaviors were measured by Three Factors Eating Questionnaire (TFE-Q)'s sub-domains. RESULTS There was no significant direct effect of DERS on BMI-SDS, whereas the indirect effect of DERS on BMI-SDS which was mediated by both IAT and TFE-Q was statistically significant. In logistic regression analysis, an increase by 1 point in DERS total score escalated the odds of being OB by 2%. Moreover, a 22-fold increased risk of OB has been detected in moderate/severe Internet addiction compared to no addiction. CONCLUSION This cross-sectional study showed that the association between emotion dysregulation and BMI-SDS was totally mediated by internet addiction and uncontrolled/emotional eating. In addition, emotion dysregulation and Internet addiction were significant determinants of OB. A prospective study is needed to detect the causal relationship between these variables. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic study.
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Does Parenting Style Affect Adolescent IBD Transition Readiness and Self-Efficacy Scores? CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8050367. [PMID: 34064470 PMCID: PMC8147961 DOI: 10.3390/children8050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Transition to adult-centered care requires adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to acquire a set of independent self-management skills. Transition success can be affected by maturity, cognitive development, and many other factors. Our hypothesis was that parenting style would be associated with increased self-efficacy and therefore transitions readiness. Methods: A prospective cohort survey study of adolescents with IBD and their parents from October 2018 to October 2019 was performed. Participants completed the IBD-Self-Efficacy Scale- Adolescent questionnaire (IBD-SES-A) and the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ). Parents completed the Parent Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ-short form). Demographic and disease information were also collected. Results: Sixty-nine participants were included for full analysis (36 males and 33 females); mean age was 18.2 years, and average age of IBD diagnosis 13 years. Overall, 83% of participants were non-Hispanic Caucasian, and 84% reported parental annual income over USD 100,000. All 69 parents reported an authoritative parenting style. Females have significantly higher TRAQ scores than males (p = 0.0004). TRAQ scores differed significantly between age groups, with 20 to 22 years old having higher scores (p ≤ 0.0001). TRAQ and IBD-SES-A scores did not differ by parental education or parenting style. Conclusion: Given the inability to delineate different parenting, this study was unable to demonstrate a protective parenting style associated with better transitions readiness and self-efficacy scores in adolescents with IBD. Within the context of authoritative parenting, we did find that females and older adolescents had higher transition readiness scores. Additional research into psychosocial determinants of transition readiness, and the importance of multidisciplinary management with an integrated team including psychologist and social workers, can help improve IBD transition outcomes.
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Fei W, Geng Y, Wang S, Ma Q, Peng X, Zhang M, Zhang T. Association between parental control and subclinical depressive symptoms in a sample of college freshmen: Roles of empathy and gender. J Affect Disord 2021; 286:301-308. [PMID: 33756308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College freshmen are at high-risk for depressive symptoms after experiencing drastic transitions in a new environment. Perceived parental control has proved as a prominent role in an adolescent's mental health. However, the further understandings of the mechanisms underlying the relation between perceived parental control and freshmen's depressive symptoms are urgent. METHODS A total of 4,297 Chinese freshmen (57% female) were recruited. They completed the self-report Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and University Personality Inventory (UPI), which assess parental control, empathy and depressive symptoms, respectively. The data were analysed using correlation analysis and a test of moderated mediation. RESULTS The results showed positive association between parental control and depressive symptoms, partially mediated by empathy. The relation between parental control and affective empathy, was moderated by gender. Specifically, maternal control had a more significant positive effect on males' personal distress. Moreover, the influence of paternal control was also greater for males, with a negative effect on empathic concern and positive on personal distress. CONCLUSIONS Parental control significantly positively predicted college freshmen's depressive symptoms, and empathy played a partially mediating role. In addition, the relations between parental control and affective empathy were moderated by freshmen's gender. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of how parental control is related to freshmen's depressive symptoms, offering a theoretical basis for promoting the development of adolescents' mental health and supporting the design of effective psychological interventions to relieve their depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Fei
- School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiran Geng
- School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaishai Wang
- School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- The third People's Hospital of Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Peng
- Department of Mental Health, High School Attached to Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Hayek J, Tueni M, Schneider F, de Vries H. Parenting style as longitudinal predictor of adolescents' health behaviors in Lebanon. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2021; 36:100-115. [PMID: 33325508 PMCID: PMC7986055 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to examine how parenting style relates to health behaviors and body mass index of Lebanese adolescents while checking for interactive effect of child characteristics (age and gender). About 341 students from private and public schools in Mount Lebanon and Beirut area, aged between 16 and 18 years, completed a self-administered survey assessing socio-demographics, parenting styles and health behaviors. Adolescents were surveyed at two time points, six months apart. Anthropometric measurements were also taken. Authoritative parenting was associated with better outcomes compared to the neglectful style. Adolescents raised with an authoritative style had higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lower consumption of alcohol intake. Parenting style was a significant predictor of eating behavior and alcohol intake of Lebanese adolescent. Interventions aiming at improving health behaviors should also encompass healthy parenting style strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Hayek
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, POB 90656, Fanar, Jdeidet El Maten, Lebanon
| | - Maya Tueni
- Department of Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, POB 90656, Fanar, Jdeidet El Maten, Lebanon
| | - Francine Schneider
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, POB 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Pietrabissa G, Volpi C, Bottacchi M, Bertuzzi V, Guerrini Usubini A, Löffler-Stastka H, Prevendar T, Rapelli G, Cattivelli R, Castelnuovo G, Molinari E, Sartorio A. The Impact of Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Health: The Lived Experience of Adolescents with Obesity and Their Caregivers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3026. [PMID: 33804231 PMCID: PMC7999166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a complex developmental phase, made more complex by obesity and the social isolation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature related to the impact of social isolation on obesity self-management in adolescents is scant and inconsistent. This paper describes the phenomenon from the perspectives of a sample of adolescents with obesity enrolled in an inpatients' multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for weight-loss and their caregivers, and its impact on different life domains. Individual semi-structured ad hoc interviews were conducted with 10 adolescent-caregiver dyads, and narratives were qualitatively investigated using an interpretative phenomenology approach to data. Twenty participants took part in the study. The major themes that emerged from this study fall into five basic categories: (1) COVID-19 as an opportunity to reconsider what makes a good life; (2) Persistence in life; (3) Empowering relationship; (4) Daily routine in quarantine; (5) Lives on hold. Understandings drawn from this study may assist health care professionals in providing holistic support, and guidance to adolescents with weight-related issues and their caregivers who experience social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Pietrabissa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Clarissa Volpi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Michela Bottacchi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Vanessa Bertuzzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Anna Guerrini Usubini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Tamara Prevendar
- Psychology Study Programme, Sigmund Freud University Vienna—Ljubljana Branch, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Giada Rapelli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Roberto Cattivelli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Enrico Molinari
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, 20145, Milan, Italy; (G.P.); (C.V.); (M.B.); (A.G.U.); (G.R.); (R.C.); (G.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy;
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Division of Auxology, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy
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Lohse B, Mitchell DC. Valid and Reliable Measure of Adherence to Satter Division of Responsibility in Feeding. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:211-222. [PMID: 33423902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the validity and psychometrics of sDOR.2-6y, a 12-item measure of adherence to the Satter Division of Responsibility in Feeding (sDOR). DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Online respondents in central Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS 117 parents (94% female, 77% White, 62% in ≥1 income-based assistance program) of preschoolers aged 2-6 years (28% moderate/high nutrition risk). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The sDOR.2-6y and Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP), a measure of child nutrition risk and other validated measures of eating behavior and parent feeding practices. ANALYSIS Relationships were evaluated with Pearson r, t tests, ANOVA, or chi-square. Factor structure was investigated using principal components analysis with varimax rotation. Binary logistic regression and general linear model controlling for low-income status compared with sDOR.2-6y and NutriSTEP scores. Linear regression predicted NutriSTEP and Satter Eating Competence Inventory 2.0 scores from sDOR.2-6y. RESULTS The sDOR.2-6y ranged from 16-32 (mean, 25.9 ± 3.3; n = 114). Parents of youth at nutrition risk had lower sDOR.2-6y scores (P = 0.004). Each 1 point sDOR.2-6y increase decreased nutrition risk odds by 21% (95% confidence interval, 0.675-0.918; P = 0.002). The sDOR.2-6y scores were higher with less restriction and pressure to eat (both P < 0.001) and were associated with feeding style. Specificity was 87% with sDOR.2-6y cutoff ≥24; sensitivity was 66% with cutoff ≥26. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The sDOR.2-6y accurately and reliably indicated adherence of low-income mothers to sDOR. Larger, diverse samples for future studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lohse
- Wegmans School of Health and Nutrition, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY.
| | - Diane C Mitchell
- Diet Assessment Center, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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Hughes SO, Power TG, O’Connor TM, Fisher JO, Micheli NE, Papaioannou MA. Maternal feeding style and child weight status among Hispanic families with low-income levels: a longitudinal study of the direction of effects. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:30. [PMID: 33588844 PMCID: PMC7885249 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The home environment is a central and modifiable influence on the development of childhood obesity. Evidence supports the central role of parents in shaping problematic child eating behaviors and excess weight. Most studies of feeding emphasize parent-driven influences without taking into account the child's role in eating interactions. Few studies have addressed the bi-directional nature of feeding dynamics in studies of young children. METHODS The goals of this study were: 1) to examine if parental feeding styles during preschool (4-5 years) predict child weight status at 7-9 years, and 2) to examine the direction of effects between parental feeding styles and child weight status over time. Participants were part of a larger longitudinal study of Hispanic Head Start families living in the West South Central United States. Data from mother/child dyads were collected at three time points: Time 1 (ages 4-5), Time 2 (ages 5 ½-6 ½), and at Time 3 (ages 7-9). Only data from the Times 1 and 3 were used in the current analyses. A total of 128 mothers and their children had data on all variables needed for the analyses. Assessments included parent-reported feeding styles, feeding practices, acculturation, child eating behaviors, and child height and weight. Hierarchical regression was used to examine the first aim; a cross-lagged panel analysis examined the second aim. RESULTS An indulgent parental feeding style at ages 4-5 was associated with increased child BMI z-score at ages 7-9. Indulgent feeding significantly contributed to child BMI z-score beyond demographics, baseline child BMI z-score, parental acculturation, and child eating behaviors. Regarding the direction of effects in parental feeding interactions, the cross-lagged analyses showed that both indulgent feeding style and authoritative feeding style at Time 1 positively predicted child BMI z-scores at Time 3. Child effects were significant as well. Child BMI z-score at Time 1 positively predicted indulgent feeding and negatively predicted authoritarian feeding at Time 3. CONCLUSIONS Indulgent feeding should be addressed in future family-focused childhood obesity initiatives focused on young children and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl O. Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Thomas G. Power
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, PO Box 644852, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Teresia M. O’Connor
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jennifer O. Fisher
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Nilda E. Micheli
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Maria A. Papaioannou
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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Two to Tango? The Dance of Maternal Authority and Feeding Practices with Child Eating Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041650. [PMID: 33572265 PMCID: PMC7915551 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between maternal feeding practices and children’s eating problems. Mothers of 292 children aged 5.9 ± 1.1, 50% boys, reported online on parental authority, overt and covert control of the child’s food choices, child feeding practices, and their child’s problematic eating behavior. Structural equation modelling yielded a model with excellent indices of fit (χ(2)(52) = 50.72, p = 0.56; normed fit index (NFI) = 0.94; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.001). The model showed that an authoritarian maternal authority style was associated with overt control, which was associated with maternal tendency to pressure children to eat and with maternal restriction of highly processed or calorie-rich snack foods. These, in turn, were positively associated with the child’s satiety response, food fussiness, and slow eating, and negatively with the child’s enjoyment of food. In contrast, a permissive maternal authority style was associated with covert control of the child’s eating, concern over the child being overweight, and the restriction of highly processed and calorie-rich snack foods, which were in turn positively associated with the child’s emotional overeating and the child’s food responsiveness. The model seems to tap into two distinct patterns of mother-child feeding and eating dynamics, apparently related to children with opposing appetitive tendencies.
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Children's perceptions of their parent's parenting strategies and child influence on purchases in a supermarket. Appetite 2021; 162:105149. [PMID: 33548351 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This field study identified, through observation, child influence on food and beverage purchases within a supermarket, as well as the influence of the children's perceptions of their parents' parenting strategies related to eating behaviors on these purchases. Four supermarkets were recruited to participate and agreed to allow recruitment of parent-child dyads and implementation of data collection protocols within their stores. Parent-child (7-14 yo) dyads were recruited to wear eye-tracking glasses during the supermarket visit, complete separate individual interviews, and have their store receipts scanned. The receipt data provided evidence of what was purchased, including overall purchases, as well as purchases of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and beverages. The eye-tracking data, together with the receipt data, identified which items were requested by the child and purchased. The child interviews provided the child's perceptions of parenting strategies (i.e., parental monitoring, control). Seventy-six dyads agreed to participate and completed the study protocols. During most of the shopping trips, items were purchased as a result of child-initiated request interactions. Children's perceptions of their parent's use of monitoring was consistently associated with fewer purchases overall and of energy-dense, nutrient-poor items, and with reduced child influence on what was purchased.
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Torres C, Brophy-Herb HE, McCaffery H, Struza J, Williams JM, Choi HH, Horodynski MA, Contreras D, Kerver J, Kaciroti N, Lumeng JC. Maternal Mindfulness Is Associated With Lower Child Body Mass Index Z Score. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:70-75. [PMID: 32590057 PMCID: PMC7755689 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental mindfulness may be a novel intervention target for child obesity prevention. OBJECTIVE To examine associations between maternal mindfulness and child body mass index z-score (BMIz). METHODS In a secondary data analysis of preintervention data from a randomized controlled trial, we assessed survey and anthropometric data from English-speaking mother/child dyads enrolled in Head Start in south central Michigan (n = 105). Surveys included demographic information, child dietary intake, family meal frequency, and the Philadelphia Mindfulness Questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression examined associations between maternal mindfulness and child BMIz, child intake of fruits and vegetables, and frequency of family meals. RESULTS Children were M = 53.7 (standard deviation [SD] 7.5) months old, and mothers were M = 31.6 (SD 8.3) years old. The sample of children was 39% white, 26% black, 14% Hispanic, and 35% of children were overweight or obese. Mean maternal BMI was 32.0 (SD 8.3). Greater mindfulness was associated with child BMIz (β = -.02 (SE 0.01), P = .027) adjusting for child race/ethnicity, household food security, maternal education, maternal age, and maternal BMI. Mindfulness was not associated with child fruit intake, child vegetable intake or frequency of family meals. The results were consistent with alternative outcomes of BMI percentile (P = .016) and BMI at the trend level (P = .0595) at the trend level. CONCLUSIONS Greater maternal mindfulness was associated with lower child BMIz. Future work should consider mechanisms of association. Pediatric providers might consider supporting maternal mindfulness as one element of multicomponent strategies for child obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (C Torres, J Struza, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich.
| | - Holly E Brophy-Herb
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University (HE Brophy-Herb, JM Williams, and HH Choi), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Harlan McCaffery
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan (H McCaffery, N Kaciroti, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Julie Struza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (C Torres, J Struza, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Jessica M Williams
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University (HE Brophy-Herb, JM Williams, and HH Choi), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Hailey Hyunjin Choi
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University (HE Brophy-Herb, JM Williams, and HH Choi), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Mildred A Horodynski
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University (MA Horodynski), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Dawn Contreras
- Michigan State University Extension, Michigan State University (D Contreras), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Jean Kerver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University (J Kerver), East Lansing, Mich
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan (H McCaffery, N Kaciroti, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (C Torres, J Struza, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich; Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan (H McCaffery, N Kaciroti, and JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (JC Lumeng), Ann Arbor, Mich
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Use of an Observational Comparative Strategy Demonstrated Construct Validity of a Measure to Assess Adherence to the Satter Division of Responsibility in Feeding. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 121:1143-1156.e6. [PMID: 33349573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently developed parent feeding measures do not exclusively measure behaviors compatible with theoretical underpinnings of the Satter Division of Responsibility in Feeding for Children Aged 2 to 6 Years (sDOR.2-6y). A measure of adherence to sDOR.2-6y has been constructed and shown to have translational validity. OBJECTIVE To examine the construct validity of the 15 sDOR.2-6y items. DESIGN Observations from in-home mealtime video-capture in a household with a child aged 2 to 6 years were compared with parent sDOR.2-6y responses. One sDOR.2-6y item about mealtime regularity was compared with mealtime data provided in the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool that had been completed by a larger sample of parents that included the smaller sample of video-capture participants. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Parents of preschool children aged 2 to 6 years in central Pennsylvania participated in Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool online dietary assessment (n = 61) from May to November 2013 or in-home mealtime video-capture (n = 20) during October 2013 or both (n = 16). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Consensus of three trained sDOR coders of plausible parent sDOR.2-6y item responses after video viewing, parent responses to sDOR.2-6y items, and mealtime regularity from three Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool recalls. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data analysis included identification of codeable 5-minute segments, coding by three sDOR experts, intraclass correlation coefficient, and determination of coder congruence to establish plausible sDOR.2-6y responses and comparison between coder-observed and parent sDOR.2-6y responses. RESULTS Video-capture participants were mostly women, White, and overweight with a mean ± standard deviation age of 35.3 ± 6.4 years. Postvideo debriefing supported the observed meal as typical in location, timing, and composition. Of 273 coding decisions, coder congruence was inadequate or dissonant for 3.7% and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.81 (0.77 to 0.84; P < 0.001). Parent and congruent coder responses were in agreement for nearly 70% of the possible comparisons. Of the original 15 items, three were deemed not valid, nine of the remaining 12 were considered valid, and three could not be invalidated. CONCLUSIONS Congruence between observed and self-reported behaviors supported additional validation and scoring studies with the 12-item sDOR.2-6y to assess adherence of parents to sDOR.
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Skelton JA, Van Fossen C, Harry O, Pratt KJ. Family Dynamics and Pediatric Weight Management: Putting the Family into Family-Based Treatment. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:424-441. [PMID: 33108634 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The treatment of pediatric obesity entails working with entire families. However, aside from parenting and family health behaviors, family dynamics and relationships are not often incorporated in clinical treatment of obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence across several studies suggest a relationship between family dynamics and child weight, with impaired family dynamics associated with higher weight status in children. Evidence is mixed if child age and family function are associated. Unfortunately, there is little evidence that addressing family dynamics (i.e., relationships and overall family system) will improve weight in children with obesity. Notably, few studies target family dynamics specifically. There are several validated measures of family dynamics available for researchers to explore the family system as it relates to child health and behaviors. A deeper understanding of family dynamics and relationships may provide new avenues to address issues of weight in children; accounting for the family, and their underlying functioning, may benefit the clinician and child engaged in weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Skelton
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Catherine Van Fossen
- Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Onengiya Harry
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Keeley J Pratt
- Department of Human Sciences, Human Development and Family Science Program, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Hammons A, Olvera N, Teran-Garcia M, Villegas E, Fiese B. Mealtime resistance: Hispanic mothers' perspectives on making healthy eating changes within the family. Appetite 2020; 159:105046. [PMID: 33227381 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several perceived barriers to healthy eating within the family (e.g., cost, lack of time, energy, accessibility) are documented. However, few studies have assessed Hispanic mothers' perceived barriers and strategies in implementing healthy eating changes in the family's meals. The primary goal of this qualitative study was to investigate Mexican and Puerto Rican mothers' barriers and strategies to creating healthy eating changes within the family at home. A sample of 46 Mexican-American and Puerto Rican mothers in California, Illinois, and Texas participated in this study. An average of 5 mothers participated in a focus group session in Spanish and completed a demographic survey. Focus group thematic analysis revealed that major barriers to implementing healthy eating changes within the family include child and spouse resistance as well as meal preparation time. The resistance mothers reported encountering magnify their meal preparation workload. Mothers shared that they sometimes prepared multiple meals in a single mealtime to please family members. Several strategies to promote healthy eating at home, including serving as role models, providing easy access to healthy food items at home, and not purchasing, or hiding, unhealthy food at home, were also discussed. The current study expands the existing literature by emphasizing the need to empower parents to make healthy changes within their family and the importance of taking fathers and children into account in programming so that the whole family is involved in making healthy changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hammons
- Department of Child and Family Science, California State University, 5300 North Campus Drive, Mailstop FF 12, Fresno, CA, USA, 93740.
| | - Norma Olvera
- Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences Department, University of Houston, A Carnegie-designated Tier One Public Research University, 4800 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX, 77004, USA.
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Cooperative Extension, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign, 2103 N.Dunlap Ave. Suite A, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Villegas
- NORC at the University of Chicago, 1155 E. 60th Street, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Barbara Fiese
- Family Resiliency Center, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 2, 904 W. Nevada MC-081, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Stewart L, Easter S. British Dietetic Association's Obesity Specialist Group dietetic obesity management interventions in children and young people: review & clinical application. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 34:224-232. [PMID: 33170552 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietitians play a vital role in the management of childhood obesity. To support that role the Obesity Specialist Group of the British Dietetic Association commissioned a review and clinical application paper. This current paper is a summary of that review document, which is available on the BDA's website. METHODS The initial sources of evidence were guidelines, published reviews and government guidance. Best practice advice was sought from networks including the BDA's Obesity and Paediatric Specialists groups. The original document was reviewed by a review group and members of the Obesity and Paediatric Specialist group's committees. RESULTS The overall aim of dietetic interventions in childhood weight management should be to deliver evidence based dietetic weight management care, which helps maintain positive lifestyle changes. To support this aim the review recommends the UK BMI cut off points in setting service referral and triaging criteria. Ensuring the whole child's world is taken into account when undertaking assessment and throughout the programme process is essential. Dietitians working in this field require behavioural change skills, motivational techniques and the ability to communicate to children of differing ages and their parents. Knowledge of local child safe guarding procedures are necessary for all working in this field. Recommendations on basic and advanced skills required are specified. CONCLUSIONS This paper was written to compliment a full review document. The complexities around case management, child protection issues and competing family motivations require dietitians trained at undergraduate and postgraduate level to deliver high quality weight management and behavioural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Stewart
- AppleTree Healthy Lifestyle Consultancy, Perth, UK
| | - S Easter
- Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
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Taylor A, Wilson C, Slater A, Mohr P. Self‐esteem and body dissatisfaction in young children: Associations with weight and perceived parenting style. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-9552.2011.00038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Taylor
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, South Australia
- School of Psychology, the University of Adelaide North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Carlene Wilson
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, South Australia
- School of Psychology, the University of Adelaide North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia
- Cancer Council of South Australia, Eastwood
- Flinders Centre of Innovation in Cancer, Bedford Park, South Australia
| | - Amy Slater
- School of Psychology, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australia
| | - Philip Mohr
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, South Australia
- School of Psychology, the University of Adelaide North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia
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PCIT-Health: Preventing Childhood Obesity by Strengthening the Parent–Child Relationship. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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van Herwijnen IR, Corbee RJ, Endenburg N, Beerda B, van der Borg JAM. Permissive parenting of the dog associates with dog overweight in a survey among 2,303 Dutch dog owners. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237429. [PMID: 32780776 PMCID: PMC7418960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight/obese dogs are at increased risk of health issues and it is up to the dog owner to uphold successful weight management. In children, overweight relates to their parent’s permissive style of parenting. We predicted that permissive dog-directed parenting likewise associates with a dog being overweight (including obesity). If styles in parenting dogs indeed associate with a dog’s overweight, these may provide action points for effective weight management. For 2,303 Dutch dog owners, answers on their dog’s (nine-point scale) body condition scores were compared to ways of parenting the dog. We used an adapted version of the 32-item Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire and compared the distributions of dog counts across aggregated body condition score categories of underweight (scores one to three), healthy-weight (scores four and five) and overweight/obese (scores six to nine) with Chi-square tests across the quartiles of a given parenting style. Overweight/obese dogs were overrepresented in the quartile of dog owners with the highest level of permissive parenting, which is in line with findings on parenting styles and overweight/obesity in children. Supplementary logistic regression analyses on the likelihood of dogs being overweight/obese (i.e. having a body condition score of six or higher) confirmed the importance of parenting and identified the risk factors of dogs having little exercise, being of older age, neutered or owned by someone with lower level education. Our results indicate that strategies to promote proper weight management in dogs could benefit from addressing especially a dog owner’s permissiveness in parenting his/her dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke R. van Herwijnen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Behavioural Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Ronald J. Corbee
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Endenburg
- Department of Population Health, Unit Animals in Sciences and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bonne Beerda
- Department of Animal Sciences, Behavioural Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne A. M. van der Borg
- Department of Population Health, Unit Animals in Sciences and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Gallagher D, Andres A, Fields DA, Evans WJ, Kuczmarski R, Lowe WL, Lumeng JC, Oken E, Shepherd JA, Sun S, Heymsfield SB. Body Composition Measurements from Birth through 5 Years: Challenges, Gaps, and Existing & Emerging Technologies-A National Institutes of Health workshop. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13033. [PMID: 32314544 PMCID: PMC7875319 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Body composition estimates are widely used in clinical research and field studies as measures of energy-nutrient balance, functionality and health. Despite their broad relevance and multiple applications, important gaps remain in techniques available for accurately and precisely quantifying body composition in infants and children from birth through 5 years. Identifying these gaps and highlighting research needs in this age group were the topics of a National Institutes of Health workshop held in Bethesda, MD, USA, 30-31 May 2019. Experts reviewed available methods (multicompartment models, air-displacement plethysmography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, weight-length and height indices, bioimpedance analysis, anthropometry-skinfold techniques, quantitative magnetic resonance, optical imaging, omics and D3-creatine dilution), their limitations in this age range and high priority research needs. A summary of their individual and collective workshop deliberations is provided in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dympna Gallagher
- New York Obesity Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - David A Fields
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - William J Evans
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert Kuczmarski
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William L Lowe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A Shepherd
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Shumei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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Cultural Influences on Complementary Feeding Beliefs amongst New Chinese Immigrant Mothers in England: A Mixed Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155468. [PMID: 32751218 PMCID: PMC7432469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is essential for ensuring the growth, health, and development of children so that they can reach their full potential. There is a current void of data on infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) in ethnic minority communities in the UK; specifically, it is difficult to find accurate Chinese IYCF data in the UK because survey data often includes Chinese in the category of ‘Chinese or other ethnic group’, further contributing to health inequalities. This mixed methods study aimed to explore the cultural influences on IYCF beliefs among new Chinese immigrant mothers. A total of 31 mothers of infants aged 6–23 months were recruited from informal community organizations. All 31 mothers were born in Mainland China, the mean length of their stay after immigrating to the UK was 10 years (range = 1–21 years), and their mean age was 29 ± 3.40 years. When using the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire (IFSQ) to investigate IYCF beliefs, the highest score was obtained for responsive attention, with a value of 4.28 ± 0.92, indicating that parents were very attentive to child hunger and satiety cues; lower scores were obtained for indulgence soothing (1.82 ± 1.01), indulgence coaxing (2.11 ± 1.18), indulgence pampering (1.90 ± 0.95), and pressuring to soothe (1.92 ± 0.86), indicating lesser maternal indulgence and pressuring/controlling beliefs. A sub-sample (n = 14) participated in semi-structured interviews in order to understand the balancing sources of information and cultural preferences, the influence of traditional Chinese medicine, and language difficulties in accessing health services. The mothers reported barriers of IYCF beliefs and the introduction of solid foods earlier than the NHS guidelines. This study can promote optimal IYCF in Chinese immigrants and show health services the need to reconcile differences between the perceptions of British and Chinese health beliefs.
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Brown CL, Howard JB, Perrin EM. A randomized controlled trial examining an exam room poster to prompt communication about weight. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12625. [PMID: 32072772 PMCID: PMC8394047 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognition of childhood weight status is important to the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours. OBJECTIVES We assessed whether an exam room educational poster addressing weight and healthy lifestyle behaviours was acceptable to parents, prompted parent-provider communication or improved parental weight perception accuracy. METHODS In this multi-site randomized controlled trial, exam rooms were randomized to display the posters (English and Spanish) or not. Children ages 3 to 8 years (N = 965) attending well visits were weighed and roomed per usual clinic protocol. After the visit, parents completed a questionnaire assessing demographics, child weight status perceptions and whether they discussed weight status with provider or were shown growth charts. We used separate logistic regression analyses to examine associations between intervention status and: asking provider about child weight, being shown growth charts, and accuracy of weight perception, adjusting for covariates and clustering by exam room. RESULTS Of the parents who saw the poster, 97% liked seeing it and reported greater understanding of weight status visualization (96%) and healthy lifestyle behaviours (94%). Parents who saw the poster were more likely to report being shown a growth chart (OR 1.87, 95% 1.06, 3.30) but were not more likely to ask about their child's weight status nor accurately report their child's weight status. CONCLUSIONS An educational exam room poster about healthy weight was well-received by parents and prompted providers to show the child's growth chart but did not prompt parent-initiated conversations about weight status nor improve parental weight perception accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie L. Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Janna B. Howard
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eliana M. Perrin
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Martin A, Waksal A, Lipton L, Forman J, Quinn C, Benjamin M, Hammond B. Educating Pediatric Residents About Parenting: A Survey of Residency Program Leaders. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:699-705. [PMID: 32107936 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820908584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The American Academic of Pediatrics guides pediatricians to counsel parents about how to promote their children's cognitive, emotional, and self-regulatory development, but the extent to which pediatricians receive the training needed to do so is unknown. An online survey was distributed to members of the Association of Pediatric Program Directors. Although most respondents agreed that it was "very important" to educate residents about parenting skills, only 11% rated their program as doing so "very well." The most frequently reported reason for not doing very well was lack of a curriculum. Residents currently learn about parenting most commonly in continuity clinic talks, are educated via lectures, and are taught most frequently by clinic preceptors. Nearly half of the respondents reported that their residents relied on self-learning about parenting behaviors. When asked which topics respondents would like covered by an evidence-based parenting curriculum, the most commonly endorsed topic was positive discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Martin
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lianna Lipton
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Forman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Eck KM, Delaney CL, Shelnutt KP, Olfert MD, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Parenting Advice School-Age Kids Offer to Parents to Promote Healthier Child Weight-Related Behaviors. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 52:290-298. [PMID: 31607432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore parenting advice children would provide to help parents encourage positive health-related behaviors by children. DESIGN Focus group discussions were conducted, and children shared the advice they would provide parents to help them encourage healthy weight-related behaviors (ie, diet, physical activity, and sleep) for children. SETTING Focus groups (n = 65) were conducted in 3 states (Florida, New Jersey, and West Virginia). PARTICIPANTS School-age children (n = 194) between the ages of 6 and 11 years old. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST What parenting practices are recommended by children, and are they in line with best-practice guidelines? ANALYSIS Focus group data were analyzed to identify themes and trends. RESULTS Children's recommendations were congruent with authoritative parenting styles (ie, high levels of warmth and control). Most of the advice shared by children aligned with recommended parent practices (ie, responsive feeding, facilitation, environmental restructuring, parent modeling, and encouragement). However, not all of the children's advice aligned with best practices guidelines (ie, use of food rewards and deception). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Future nutrition education programs may be strengthened by helping parents adopt best practices for promoting healthy child behaviors. Furthermore, teaching children about recommended child feeding parenting practices may help protect future generations by preparing children to care for younger siblings or raise their children using best parenting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Eck
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
| | - Colleen L Delaney
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Karla P Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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Goodman LC, Roberts LT, Musher-Eizenman DR. Mindful feeding: A pathway between parenting style and child eating behaviors. Eat Behav 2020; 36:101335. [PMID: 31760367 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Certain child eating behaviors (e.g., food fussiness, emotional overeating, and disruptive mealtime behaviors) can create challenges for caregivers and result in short- and long-term health consequences (e.g., lower fruit and vegetable intake, a deficiency of essential nutrients, greater intake of energy-dense foods and sugary beverages, and/or higher BMI) for the children. The role of mindful feeding-cultivating a present-centered awareness in the feeding context to increase parents' awareness of their own responsive (and non-responsive) feeding behaviors-has not been explored as it relates to parenting and children's problematic eating behaviors. The objective of this study was to understand whether the relations between parenting style and child eating behaviors often documented in the literature are mediated by mindful feeding. Using self-reports from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) of 496 mothers and fathers of young children (age 2-7 years old), we explored whether mindful feeding mediates the relation between parenting style and child eating behaviors. As hypothesized, authoritative parenting was related to higher rates of mindful feeding (β=.16, 95% C.I. [.05, .18]), while authoritarian (β=-.34, 95% C.I. [-.32, -.17]) and permissive parenting (β= -.15, 95% C.I. [-.18, -.05]) were related to lower rates of mindful feeding. Mindful feeding mediated the relation between each parenting style and each child eating behavior (i.e., food fussiness, problematic mealtime behaviors, and emotional overeating). These findings suggest that that mindful feeding may be a promising new construct, and its relation to feeding interventions aimed at improving problematic child eating behaviors should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnel C Goodman
- Bowling Green State University, 822 East Merry Street, Bowling Green, 43402, United States.
| | - Lindsey T Roberts
- Bowling Green State University, 822 East Merry Street, Bowling Green, 43402, United States
| | - Dara R Musher-Eizenman
- Bowling Green State University, 822 East Merry Street, Bowling Green, 43402, United States
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Mehdizadeh A, Nematy M, Vatanparast H, Khadem-Rezaiyan M, Emadzadeh M. Impact of Parent Engagement in Childhood Obesity Prevention Interventions on Anthropometric Indices among Preschool Children: A Systematic Review. Child Obes 2020; 16:3-19. [PMID: 31479311 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2019.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Home environment, modeling of weight-related behaviors, and general parenting style are very important predictors of obesity in children. The effect of parent engagement in prevention of obesity in children is not clear. The main objective of this systematic review was to address the effects of parent engagement in obesity prevention interventions on anthropometric changes among preschool children. Methods: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials in last 10 years (from 2008 until February 14, 2018), which had a parent engagement in obesity prevention interventions (as an intervention) and children's anthropometric indices (as an outcome). Results: Twenty-six studies were included. Half of studies targeted both parents and children, and the rest targeted only parents. Types of interventions ranged from a simple motivational interviewing to professional skill training approaches. Studies that targeted overweight or obese children in their intervention containing training sessions followed by maintenance for parents and those that focused on individual support for overweight children and their parents, resulted in higher improvement in BMI and other outcomes. Conclusions: Anthropometric indices and BMI are not appropriate for reflecting the effectiveness of parent engagement in obesity prevention interventions. Having an individual component in the intervention and focusing more on parents vs. children in the intervention may result in improvement in anthropometric outcomes. Focusing on weight-related behaviors as the main outcome in both, children and parents, rather than anthropometric indices, is highly recommended for future reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Mehdizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Qaem Educational, Research, and Treatment Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Centers, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Vatanparast
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Emadzadeh
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kong KL, Eiden RD, Paluch RA. Early Nonfood Parent-Infant Interactions and Development of Obesity in a High-Risk, Diverse Sample. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1754-1760. [PMID: 31689006 PMCID: PMC6857808 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand the protective role of positive mother-infant interactions in the context of food and nonfood behaviors against obesity risk later in life among a cohort of low-income children at high prenatal risk due to maternal substance use during pregnancy. METHODS The sample consisted of 216 mother-infant dyads (49% boys) participating in an ongoing longitudinal study. Mother-infant interactions during a feeding episode and a free-play task were measured at child age 1 and 7 months, respectively. Children's length/height and weight were measured at 1, 7, 13, 24, 36, and 48 months of age; at kindergarten age (approximately 60 months); and in second grade (approximately 84 months). BMI growth trajectories were modeled. RESULTS No significant associations were found between mother-child feeding interactions and child BMI trajectories. Maternal warmth (95% CI: -0.020 to -0.0005; P = 0.04) and child positive affect (95% CI: -0.020 to -0.002; P = 0.014) during free play were associated with a more normative child BMI trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study indicated that high maternal warmth and child positive affect during play, but not feeding interactions, are associated with reduced obesity risk from infancy to middle childhood in the context of high pre- and postnatal risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ling Kong
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, U.S.A
| | - Rina D. Eiden
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, U.S.A
| | - Rocco A. Paluch
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, U.S.A
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Rutledge JM, Harrist AW, Hubbs-Tait L, Larzelere RE, Topham GL, Shriver LH, Swindle T. A Longitudinal Study of Parenting Style and Child Weight with Moderation by American Indian Ethnicity. PARENTING, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019; 19:267-292. [PMID: 33767601 PMCID: PMC7990323 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1642083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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